lopinavir profile

Lopinavir is a protease inhibitor medication used to treat HIV infection. It works by blocking the activity of the HIV protease enzyme, which is necessary for the virus to replicate. Lopinavir is typically taken in combination with ritonavir, another protease inhibitor, which helps to increase the levels of lopinavir in the blood. Lopinavir is available as both oral and intravenous formulations. It was developed by Abbott Laboratories and approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1999. Lopinavir is a synthetic compound, and its chemical name is (2S)-N-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(phenylmethyl)-2-(2-[[(2S)-2-(2-quinolyl)acetyl]amino]phenyl)ethyl]-3,3-dimethylbutanamide. Lopinavir is effective in treating HIV infection, and it has been shown to reduce the risk of death and AIDS-related illnesses in people living with HIV. However, lopinavir can have side effects, such as diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. It is important to note that lopinavir is not a cure for HIV, and it is not effective in preventing HIV transmission. It is also important to note that lopinavir should only be taken under the supervision of a healthcare provider. Lopinavir has been extensively studied for its antiviral activity against HIV, and it is one of the most commonly used antiretroviral medications. Research on lopinavir has focused on its mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, and potential resistance development. Lopinavir is an important medication for people living with HIV, and it has significantly improved the quality of life for many individuals.'

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	92727
CHEMBL ID	729
CHEBI ID	31781
SCHEMBL ID	21775
MeSH ID	M0558541

Synonym
a-157378.0
1(2h)-pyrimidineacetamide, n-((1s,3s,4s)-4-(((2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl)amino)-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl)tetrahyrdo-alpha-1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-, (alphas)-
(1s-(1r(r),3r,4r))-n-(4-(((2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl)amino)-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl)tetrahydro-alpha-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-1(2h)-pyrimidineacetamide
c37h48n4o5
lopinavir ,
n-{1-benzyl-4-[2-(2,6-dimethyl-phenoxy)-acetylamino]-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-pentyl}-3-methyl-2-(2-oxo-tetrahydro-pyrimidin-1-yl)-butyramide
1(2h)-pyrimidineacetamide, n-[(1s,3s,4s)-4-[[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl]tetrahydro-alpha-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-, (alphas)- (9ci)
1(2h)-pyrimidineacetamide, n-[4-[[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl]tetrahydro-alpha-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-, [1s-[1r(r),3r,4r]]-
(alphas)-tetrahydro-n-((alphas)-alpha-((2s,3s)-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-3-(2-(2,6-xylyloxy)acetamido)butyl)phenethyl)-alpha-isopropyl-2-oxo-1(2h)-pyrimidineacetamide
aids032937
1(2h)-pyrimidineacetamide, n-[(1s,3s,4s)-4-[[2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl]tetrahydro-alpha-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-, (alphas)-
koletra
abt 378
aluviran
a 157378
a 157378.0
abt-378
lpv ,
(2s)-n-[(1s,3s,4s)-1-benzyl-4-[[2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-pentyl]-3-methyl-2-(2-oxohexahydropyrimidin-1-yl)butanamide
rs-346
1(2h)-pyrimidineacetamide, n-[(1s,3s,4s)-4-[[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl]tetrahydro-.alpha.-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-, (as)-
1MUI
DB01601
D01425
lopinavir (jan/usp/inn)
NCGC00164576-01
NCGC00164576-02
2Q5K
2O4S
2RKF
2RKG
lopinavir, (s-(2s,4s,5s))-
lopinavir-
lopinavirum
CHEMBL729
a-157378-0
chebi:31781 ,
NCGC00164576-03
dtxcid6026456
dtxsid8046456 ,
tox21_112204
cas-192725-17-0
(2s)-n-[(2r,4s,5s)-5-[[2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-hexan-2-yl]-3-methyl-2-(2-oxo-1,3-diazinan-1-yl)butanamide
A813594
abt378
MLS004774152
lopinavir [usan:usp:inn:ban]
unii-2494g1jf75
2494g1jf75 ,
hsdb 8138
BCP9000857
lpv & aag
lopinavir & alpha1-acid glycoprotein
BCPP000184
smr002529581
MLS003915624
lopinavir [ema epar]
(1s-(1r(r),3r,4r))-n-(4-(((2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl)amino)-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl)tetrahydro-.alpha.-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-1(2h)-pyrimidineacetamide
lopinavir [usp monograph]
lopinavir [who-ip]
lopinavir [vandf]
lopinavir [mart.]
lopinavirum [who-ip latin]
lopinavir [mi]
kaletra component lopinavir
lopinavir [usan]
lopinavir [ep monograph]
lopinavir [usp-rs]
lopinavir component of kaletra
(s)-n-((2s,4s,5s)-5-(2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetamido)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenylhexan-2-yl)-3-methyl-2-(2-oxotetrahydropyrimidin-1(2h)-yl)butanamide
(alphas)-tetrahydro-n-[(alphas)-alpha-[(2s,3s)-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-3-[2-(2,6-xylyloxy)acetamido]butyl]phenethyl]-alpha-isopropyl-2-oxo-1(2h)-pyrimidineacetamide
lopinavir [jan]
lopinavir [inn]
lopinavir [orange book]
lopinavir [who-dd]
S1380
AB01274785-01
HY-14588
CS-2077
lopinavir & plga
MLS006011206
SCHEMBL21775
2QHC
tox21_112204_1
NCGC00164576-04
3OGQ
(2s)-n-((1s,3s,4s)-1-benzyl-4-{[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino}-3-hydroxy-5-phenylpentyl)-3-methyl-2-(2-oxotetrahydropyrimidin-1(2h)-yl)butanamide
KJHKTHWMRKYKJE-SUGCFTRWSA-N
AKOS025243115
(2s)-n-[(2s,4s,5s)-5-{[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino}-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenylhexan-2-yl]-3-methyl-2-(2-oxotetrahydropyrimidin-1(2h)-yl)butanamide
KS-1436
AB01274785_02
4L1A
lopinavir (abt-378)
(2s)-n-[(2s,4s,5s)-5-[2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetamido]-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenylhexan-2-yl]-3-methyl-2-(2-oxo-1,3-diazinan-1-yl)butanamide
J-521653
SR-01000931910-2
sr-01000931910
(alphas)-n-[(1s,3s,4s)-4-[[2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl]tetrahydro-alpha-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-1(2h)-pyrimidineacetamide
bdbm50180655
SW219767-1
abt-378; lopinavir
(2s)-n-[(1s,3s,4s)-1-benzyl-4-{[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl]amino}-3-hydroxy-5-phenylpentyl]-3-methyl-2-(2-oxotetrahydropyrimidin-1(2h)-yl)butanamide
Q422585
EX-A4008
BRD-K99451608-001-02-4
CCG-270285
kaletra (lpv+rtv)
a-1573780
gtpl11504
lopinavir 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile
BL164636
lopinavir, bio-x
HB7108
EN300-7402887
L0377
Z2235801862
lopinavir (mart.)
lopinavir (ep monograph)
lopinavir (usp monograph)
abt-378/r
lopinavir (usp-rs)
j05ae06

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Lopinavir is a potent inhibitor of Rh123 efflux in Caco-2 monolayers (IC50 1.7 microM)."	( Lopinavir: acute exposure inhibits P-glycoprotein; extended exposure induces P-glycoprotein. Greenblatt, DJ; Moltke, LL; Richert, C; Vishnuvardhan, D, 2003)	2.48
"Lopinavir (LPV) is a second-generation HIV protease inhibitor (PI) designed to overcome resistance development in patients undergoing long-term antiviral therapy. "	( Enzymatic and structural analysis of the I47A mutation contributing to the reduced susceptibility to HIV protease inhibitor lopinavir. Brynda, J; Kagan, RM; Konvalinka, J; Kozísek, M; Lepsík, M; Machala, L; Rezácová, P; Sasková, KG; Václavíková, J, 2008)	2
"Lopinavir (LPV) is a second generation HIV-1 protease inhibitor. "	( Crystallographic study of multi-drug resistant HIV-1 protease lopinavir complex: mechanism of drug recognition and resistance. Brunzelle, JS; Dewdney, TG; Kovari, IA; Kovari, LC; Liu, Z; Reiter, SJ; Wang, Y; Yedidi, RS, 2013)	2.07
"Lopinavir/ritonavir is an important protease inhibitor for treating HIV-1 infection in patients aged >2 years in combination with other antiretrovirals. "	( Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Bioequivalence of 2 Lopinavir/Ritonavir (200/50 mg) Tablets in Healthy Chinese Volunteers: Effect of Food on Absorption. Bao, D; Fu, W; Hu, W; Lin, L; Liu, Y; Zhang, Q; Zhang, W; Zheng, L, 2023)	2.61
"Lopinavir (LPV) is an effective agent that inhibits the protease activity of coronavirus."	( A systematic review of lopinavir therapy for SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus-A possible reference for coronavirus disease-19 treatment option. Qian, JD; Wang, GQ; Wang, Y; Yao, TT; Zhu, WY, 2020)	1.59
"Lopinavir is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor with low aqueous solubility leading to poor oral bioavailability and thus frequent dosing."	( Central composite design-based optimization of lopinavir vitamin E-TPGS micelle: In vitro characterization and in vivo pharmacokinetic study. Mahajan, HS; Patil, PH, 2020)	1.54
"Lopinavir/ritonavir is a licensed antiviral treatment against HIV and has shown activity against other coronaviruses."	( Efficacy of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Compared With Standard Care for Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review. Hariyanto, TI; Jillian Hardi, C; Kristine, E; Kurniawan, A, 2021)	1.72
"Lopinavir-ritonavir is a repurposed drug for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). "	( Efficacy and safety of lopinavir-ritonavir in COVID-19: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Barvaliya, M; Bhalla, HL; Khosla, PP; Patel, PB; Patel, TK; Saurabh, MK, 2021)	2.37
"Lopinavir/ritonavir is a potent coformulation of protease inhibitors used against HIV infection. "	( Lopinavir/Ritonavir: A Review of Analytical Methodologies for the Drug Substances, Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Matrices. Cabral, LM; de Sousa, VP; Pinto, EC; Velozo, CT, 2022)	3.61
"Lopinavir is a BCS Class IV drug exhibiting poor bioavailability due to P-gp efflux and limited permeation. "	( Improvement of Oral Bioavailability of Lopinavir Without Co-administration of Ritonavir Using Microspheres of Thiolated Xyloglucan. Bhalekar, MR; Kadam, AA; Madgulkar, AR, 2018)	2.19
"Lopinavir is a specific reversible inhibitor of the enzyme HIV protease with mean oral bioavailability of less than 20 % due to extensive hepatic metabolism by cytochrome P450 3A4. "	( Formulation and in-vivo Evaluation of Novel Topical Gel of Lopinavir for Targeting HIV. Ansari, H; Singh, P, 2018)	2.17
"Lopinavir is a highly potent protease inhibitors commonly used in treatment of HIV infection. "	( Compartmental pharmacokinetic modeling of lopinavir in humans. Duangchaemkarn, K; Lohitnavy, M, 2013)	2.1
"Lopinavir is an HIV protease inhibitor with high protein binding (98-99%) in human plasma. "	( Determination of total and unbound concentrations of lopinavir in plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and ultrafiltration methods. Benaboud, S; Hirt, D; Illamola, SM; Labat, L; Tréluyer, JM; Tubiana, R; Warszawski, J, 2014)	2.09
"Lopinavir is a protease inhibitor with high specificity for HIV-1 protease formulated with ritonavir. "	( Lopinavir/ritonavir: a protease inhibitor for HIV-1 treatment. Barragan, P; Podzamczer, D, 2008)	3.23
"Lopinavir is a protease inhibitor indicated for the treatment of HIV infection. "	( Simultaneous population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir and ritonavir in HIV-infected adults. Barbanoj, MJ; Blanco, A; Clotet, B; Costa, J; Domingo, P; Miranda, C; Moltó, J; Negredo, E; Santos, JR; Valle, M, 2008)	2.04
"Lopinavir/ritonavir is a common protease inhibitor (PI) used for second-line regimens in children. "	( Pharmacokinetics and 48 week efficacy of low-dose lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected children. Ananworanich, J; Boonrak, P; Bunupuradah, T; Burger, D; Gorowara, M; Jupimai, T; Pancharoen, C; Phasomsap, C; Puthanakit, T; Ruxrungtham, K; van der Lugt, J, 2009)	2.05
"Lopinavir (LPV) is a potent protease inhibitor used in combination with low doses of ritonavir in the treatment of HIV-infected patients. "	( Association between ABCC2 polymorphism and lopinavir accumulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-infected patients. Elens, L; Haufroid, V; Lison, D; Vandercam, B; Wallemacq, P; Yombi, JC, 2009)	2.06
"Lopinavir is a potent protease inhibitor (PI) used for the treatment of HIV infection. "	( A population analysis of weight-related differences in lopinavir pharmacokinetics and possible consequences for protease inhibitor-naive and -experienced patients. Bouillon-Pichault, M; Chhun, S; Dupin, N; Jullien, V; Krivine, A; Launay, O; Lortholary, O; Morini, JP; Piketty, C; Pons, G; Salmon, D; Treluyer, JM; Viard, JP; Weiss, L, 2009)	2.04
"Lopinavir-ritonavir is a human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitor boosted by ritonavir, a cytochrome p450 inhibitor. "	( Association of prenatal and postnatal exposure to lopinavir-ritonavir and adrenal dysfunction among uninfected infants of HIV-infected mothers. Bavoux, F; Benhammou, V; Blanche, S; Czernichow, P; Firtion, G; Foissac, F; Kariyawasam, D; Laborde, K; Layouni, I; Le Chenadec, J; Munzer, M; Polak, M; Simon, A; Tréluyer, JM; Warszawski, J, 2011)	2.07
"Lopinavir is a potent inducer of methadone metabolism, and treatment with L/R requires clinical monitoring and increased methadone doses in some patients, whereas ritonavir has no significant effect on methadone metabolism."	( The protease inhibitor lopinavir-ritonavir may produce opiate withdrawal in methadone-maintained patients. Friedland, G; Jatlow, P; McCance-Katz, EF; Rainey, PM, 2003)	1.35
"Lopinavir/ritonavir is a protease inhibitor (PI) that has shown great effectiveness as salvage therapy in PI-experienced HIV-infected children."	( Mutations at codons 54 and 82 of HIV protease predict virological response of HIV-infected children on salvage lopinavir/ritonavir therapy. Angeles Muñoz-Fernández, M; Bellón, JM; Luis Jiménez, J; Martinez-Colom, A; Resino, S, 2005)	1.98
"Lopinavir is an HIV protease inhibitor that is co-formulated with ritonavir. "	( Pharmacokinetics of a once-daily regimen of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected children. Burger, D; de Groot, R; van der Lee, M; Verweel, G, 2006)	2.04
"Lopinavir-ritonavir is a preferred protease inhibitor co-formulation for initial HIV-1 treatment. "	( The KLEAN study of fosamprenavir-ritonavir versus lopinavir-ritonavir, each in combination with abacavir-lamivudine, for initial treatment of HIV infection over 48 weeks: a randomised non-inferiority trial. DeJesus, E; Eron, J; Estrada, V; Gathe, J; Katlama, C; Lackey, P; Patel, L; Shaefer, M; Staszewski, S; Sutherland-Phillips, D; Vavro, C; Wannamaker, P; Yau, L; Yeni, P; Yeo, J; Young, B, 2006)	2.03
"Lopinavir/ritonavir is a highly cost-effective regimen relative to atazanavir for the treatment of HIV. "	( Cost effectiveness of lopinavir/ritonavir compared with atazanavir in antiretroviral-naive patients: modelling the combined effects of HIV and heart disease. Brun, S; Chumney, EC; King, MS; Luo, MP; Simpson, KN, 2007)	2.1
"Lopinavir is a protease inhibitor (PI) for the treatment of HIV infection that was specifically designed to overcome the shortcomings of earlier agents in this class. "	( Lopinavir plus ritonavir: a novel protease inhibitor combination for HIV infections. Tan, D; Walmsley, S, 2007)	3.23
"Lopinavir is a protease inhibitor with high specificity for HIV-1 protease. "	( Lopinavir. Faulds, D; Hurst, M, 2000)	3.19
"Lopinavir is a new protease inhibitor that is structurally related to ritonavir. "	( Lopinavir-Ritonavir: a new protease inhibitor. Graham, KK; Mangum, EM, 2001)	3.2
"Lopinavir/ritonavir is a fixed-dose protease inhibitor (PI) combination used for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. "	( Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir). Corbett, AH; Kashuba, AD; Lim, ML, )	1.99
"Lopinavir/ritonavir is an effective option for the treatment of HIV-1-infected individuals when used in combination with other antiretroviral agents. "	( Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir). Corbett, AH; Kashuba, AD; Lim, ML, )	1.99
"Lopinavir is a newly developed inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease that, when formulated with ritonavir, yields mean trough plasma lopinavir concentrations that are at least 75 times as high as that needed to inhibit replication of wild-type HIV by 50 percent."	( Lopinavir-ritonavir versus nelfinavir for the initial treatment of HIV infection. Arribas, J; Beall, G; Bernstein, B; Brun, S; Japour, A; Johnson, D; Johnson, M; King, M; Lalonde, R; Ruane, P; Sun, E; Walmsley, S, 2002)	3.2

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Lopinavir has the highest binding affinities to the pocket site of SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein/ACE-2 complex, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A and 3-Chymotrypsin like protease while redemsivir has the highest binding affinities for vacuolar proton-translocating ATPase (V-ATPase) and papain-like proteins."	( Repurposing of chloroquine and some clinically approved antiviral drugs as effective therapeutics to prevent cellular entry and replication of coronavirus. Adebayo, AI; Adeoye, AO; Olaoye, IF; Oso, BJ; Tijjani, H, 2021)	1.34
"Lopinavir/ritonavir has modest antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. "	( Viral kinetics and factors associated with rapid viral clearance during lopinavir/ritonavir-based combination therapy in non-severe COVID-19 patients. Chen, L; Ding, JG; Hong, L; Li, J; Sun, GQ; Sun, QF; Ye, EL; Yu, XQ; Zhang, XX, 2020)	2.23
"Lopinavir/ritonavir has been used for the treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus infections. "	( Lopinavir/ritonavir for the treatment of SARS, MERS and COVID-19: a systematic review. Einav, S; Servillo, G; Vargas, M, 2020)	3.44
"Lopinavir-ritonavir has been proposed as a treatment for COVID-19 on the basis of in vitro activity, preclinical studies, and observational studies. "	( Lopinavir-ritonavir in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial. , 2020)	3.44
"Lopinavir-ritonavir has shown no improvement in time to clinical improvement which is seen in our meta-analyses (P=0.1)."	( Repurposing of drugs for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Amparore, D; Checcucci, E; Dasgupta, P; Elhage, O; Fiori, C; Kotecha, P; Light, A; Porpiglia, F, 2022)	1.44
"Lopinavir/ritonavir has no more treatment effects than other therapeutic agents used herein in COVID-19 patients."	( Lopinavir/Ritonavir for COVID-19: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Amani, B; Hashemi, P; Khanijahani, A, 2021)	3.51
"Lopinavir and Ritonavir have been reported to be able to induce intracellular oxidative stress in diverse cellular models, however scarce informations are available about protease inhibitor effects of in the central nervous system (CNS)."	( HIV Protease Inhibitors Apoptotic Effect in SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cell Line. Ceglia, V; Celsi, F; Crovella, S; de Oliveira Franca, RF; Pacor, S; Tricarico, PM, 2016)	1.16
"Lopinavir/ritonavir has served as a well established benchmark comparator for the noninferiority of other ritonavir-boosted PI regimens."	( Lopinavir/Ritonavir: a review of its use in the management of HIV-1 infection. Croxtall, JD; Perry, CM, 2010)	2.52
"Lopinavir/ritonavir has demonstrated antiviral activity in the HIV-infected adult."	( Forty-eight-week evaluation of lopinavir/ritonavir, a new protease inhibitor, in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Allen, U; Arpadi, S; Bernstein, B; Bertz, RJ; Cahn, P; Castrejón, MM; Chadwick, E; Deetz, CO; Gomez, P; Handelsman, E; Heuser, RS; Hsu, AF; Kempf, DJ; Pelton, S; Ramilo, O; Renz, CL; Rode, RA; Sáez-Llorens, X; Sun, E; Violari, A, 2003)	2.05
"Lopinavir/ritonavir has demonstrated antiviral activity in the HIV-infected patient."	( Positive virological outcome after lopinavir/ritonavir salvage therapy in protease inhibitor-experienced HIV-1-infected children: a prospective cohort study. Bellón, JM; Cabrero, E; de José, MI; González, MI; Gonzalez-Rivera, M; Gurbindo, D; Mellado, MJ; Muñoz-Fernández, MA; Ramos, JT; Resino, S, 2004)	2.04
"Lopinavir/ritonavir has recently been approved for once-daily dosing in antiretroviral-naive patients."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Hicks, CB; Kaplan, SS, 2005)	2.49

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Lopinavir/ritonavir may increase the risk of diarrhoea and nausea and/or vomiting."	( Adverse effects of remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir when used for COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. Agoritsas, T; Bartoszko, JJ; Brignardello-Petersen, R; Chu, DK; Ge, L; Izcovich, A; Khamis, AM; Kum, E; McLeod, SL; Mustafa, RA; Qasim, A; Rochwerg, B; Siemieniuk, RA; Vandvik, P; Zeraatkar, D, 2022)	1.69
"Lopinavir induced an increase in the fluorescence of pZsProSensor-1 transfected SiHa cells, indicative of proteasomal inhibition. "	( Lopinavir up-regulates expression of the antiviral protein ribonuclease L in human papillomavirus-positive cervical carcinoma cells. Batman, G; Hampson, IN; Hampson, L; Oliver, AW; Richard, C; Zehbe, I, 2011)	3.25

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Lopinavir-ritonavir treatment was stopped early in 13 patients (13.8%) because of adverse events."	( A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19. Bai, T; Cai, Y; Cao, B; Chen, H; Chen, N; Cheng, F; Dong, C; Dong, X; Fan, G; Ge, Q; Gong, F; Gu, X; Guo, L; Hayden, FG; He, J; Horby, PW; Hu, X; Huang, C; Huang, H; Jaki, T; Jia, C; Li, C; Li, H; Li, K; Li, X; Liu, W; Liu, X; Liu, Y; Liu, Z; Lu, S; Luo, S; Pan, L; Peng, L; Qiu, F; Qu, Z; Ruan, L; Ruan, S; Shang, L; Song, B; Tu, S; Wang, C; Wang, J; Wang, K; Wang, S; Wang, Y; Wei, M; Wei, Y; Wen, D; Wu, J; Wu, X; Xia, J; Xiang, J; Xie, X; Xu, J; Yu, T; Yuan, Y; Zhan, H; Zhang, D; Zhang, L; Zhang, Y; Zhou, F; Zhou, X; Zou, J, 2020)	1.67
"Lopinavir-cART treatment was also associated with selective depletion of uNK cells, reduced trophoblast migration and defective placentation."	( Periconceptional exposure to lopinavir, but not darunavir, impairs decidualization: a potential mechanism leading to poor birth outcomes in HIV-positive pregnancies. Acosta, S; Dunk, C; Kala, S; Serghides, L, 2020)	1.57
"Lopinavir/ritonavir treatment resulted in an unfavourable modulation of such markers compared with atazanavir/ritonavir treatment."	( Evaluation of adhesion molecules and immune parameters in HIV-infected patients treated with an atazanavir/ritonavir- compared with a lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen. Bandera, A; Clerici, M; Fenizia, C; Giannattasio, C; Gori, A; Maloberti, A; Masetti, M; Muscatello, A; Sabbatini, F; Soria, A; Squillace, N; Trabattoni, D, 2018)	1.41
"The lopinavir/ritonavir-treated and interferon-β1b-treated animals had better outcome than the untreated animals, with improved clinical (mean clinical scores ↓50.9%-95.0% and ↓weight loss than the untreated animals), radiological (minimal pulmonary infiltrates), and pathological (mild bronchointerstitial pneumonia) findings, and lower mean viral loads in necropsied lung (↓0.59-1.06 log10 copies/glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase [GAPDH]; P < .050) and extrapulmonary (↓0.11-1.29 log10 copies/GAPDH; P < .050 in kidney) tissues."	( Treatment With Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Interferon-β1b Improves Outcome of MERS-CoV Infection in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Common Marmoset. Bao, L; Cai, JP; Chan, JF; Chen, H; Chu, H; Deng, W; Gao, H; Jia, L; Li, F; Qin, C; Xiao, C; Yao, Y; Yeung, ML; Yu, P; Yuen, KY; Zhou, J, 2015)	1.25
"Lopinavir treatment of erythrocytes from healthy volunteers is followed by cell shrinkage and phospholipid scrambling of the erythrocyte cell membrane, an effect in part due to stimulation of ROS formation and Ca2+ entry."	( Enhanced Eryptosis Following Exposure to Lopinavir. Abbès, S; Al Mamun Bhuyan, A; Bissinger, R; Bouguerra, G; Lang, F; Waibel, S, 2015)	2.13
"Lopinavir/ritonavir-treated subjects demonstrating 3 consecutive monthly HIV-1 RNA levels <50 copies/mL started lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy."	( A 96-week comparison of lopinavir-ritonavir combination therapy followed by lopinavir-ritonavir monotherapy versus efavirenz combination therapy. Arribas, JR; Bellos, NC; Bernstein, BM; Brun, SC; Cameron, DW; da Silva, BA; Gilmore, N; Hanna, GJ; King, MS; Myers, RA, 2008)	1.37
"Lopinavir treatment for 24 h had no effect on basal Rb phosphorylation but reduced Rb phosphorylation in all four meningioma cultures."	( Lopinavir inhibits meningioma cell proliferation by Akt independent mechanism. Johnson, MD; O'Connell, M; Pilcher, W, 2011)	2.53
"Lopinavir/ritonavir treatments drastically inhibited the growth of gingival epithelium when the drug was present throughout the growth period of the tissue. "	( The HIV protease inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra) alters the growth, differentiation and proliferation of primary gingival epithelium. Alam, S; Dinello, D; Israr, M; Kishel, JJ; Meyers, C; Mitchell, D, 2011)	2.11
"Lopinavir/ritonavir treatment was associated with a better outcome even when adjusted for baseline lactate dehydrogenase level."	( Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings. Chan, KH; Chan, KS; Cheng, VC; Chu, CM; Guan, Y; Hung, IF; Kao, RY; Peiris, JS; Poon, LL; Wong, CL; Wong, MM; Yuen, KY, 2004)	1.48
"Lopinavir/ritonavir-treated children presented lower viral loads than nelfinavir-treated children at week 4 (P=0.020) and week 24 (P<0.0001)."	( Different kinetics of immunologic recovery using nelfinavir or lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimens in children with perinatal HIV-1 infection. Chiappini, E; De Luca, M; De Martino, M; Galli, L; Miccinesi, G; Zappa, M, )	1.09
"In lopinavir-naive, treatment-experienced patients, darunavir-ritonavir was non-inferior to lopinavir-ritonavir treatment in terms of our virological endpoint, and should therefore be considered as a treatment option for this population."	( Efficacy and safety of darunavir-ritonavir compared with that of lopinavir-ritonavir at 48 weeks in treatment-experienced, HIV-infected patients in TITAN: a randomised controlled phase III trial. Banhegyi, D; Berger, D; de Béthune, MP; De Pauw, M; Lefebvre, E; Madruga, JV; McMurchie, M; Norris, D; Ruxrungtham, K; Spinosa-Guzman, S; Suter, F; Tomaka, F; Vangeneugden, T, 2007)	1.2
"Treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir was not associated with a difference from standard care in the time to clinical improvement (hazard ratio for clinical improvement, 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95 to 1.80)."	( A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19. Bai, T; Cai, Y; Cao, B; Chen, H; Chen, N; Cheng, F; Dong, C; Dong, X; Fan, G; Ge, Q; Gong, F; Gu, X; Guo, L; Hayden, FG; He, J; Horby, PW; Hu, X; Huang, C; Huang, H; Jaki, T; Jia, C; Li, C; Li, H; Li, K; Li, X; Liu, W; Liu, X; Liu, Y; Liu, Z; Lu, S; Luo, S; Pan, L; Peng, L; Qiu, F; Qu, Z; Ruan, L; Ruan, S; Shang, L; Song, B; Tu, S; Wang, C; Wang, J; Wang, K; Wang, S; Wang, Y; Wei, M; Wei, Y; Wen, D; Wu, J; Wu, X; Xia, J; Xiang, J; Xie, X; Xu, J; Yu, T; Yuan, Y; Zhan, H; Zhang, D; Zhang, L; Zhang, Y; Zhou, F; Zhou, X; Zou, J, 2020)	1.29
"Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir showed signs of autophagy."	( In vitro effectivity of three approved drugs and their synergistic interaction against Leishmania infantum. Abou-El-Naga, IF; Fawzy Hussien Mogahed, NM; Mady, RF, 2020)	0.9
"Treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24 to 4.21) and younger age (aHR, 2.64; 95% CI 1.43 to 4.87) was associated with negative conversion of viral RNA."	( Lopinavir-ritonavir versus hydroxychloroquine for viral clearance and clinical improvement in patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019. Choe, JY; Hong, HL; Jung, CY; Kim, EJ; Kim, JW; Kim, KC; Kwon, HH, 2021)	2.4
"A treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine twice daily was started."	( Clinical characteristics and management of a liver transplanted patient admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Bernasconi, E; Bertoli, R; Cerny, A; Ceschi, A; De Gottardi, A; Fratila, C; Gianella, P; Magenta, L; Majno-Hurst, P; Vanini, G, 2020)	0.89
"Treatment of lopinavir-ritonavir combined with arbidol did not significantly accelerate main symptom improvement and promote the image absorption of pulmonary inflammation."	( Lopinavir-ritonavir alone or combined with arbidol in the treatment of 73 hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A pilot retrospective study. Lan, X; Shao, C; Wu, Z; Xu, Y; Zeng, X, 2021)	2.42
"Treatment with lopinavir-NO induced only a transient activation of Akt and inhibition of P70S6 kinase."	( Lopinavir-NO, a nitric oxide-releasing HIV protease inhibitor, suppresses the growth of melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Al-Abed, Y; Basile, MS; Cavalli, E; He, M; Maksimovic-Ivanic, D; Mazzon, E; Mijatovic, S; Nicoletti, F; Paskas, S; Rakocevic, S, 2019)	2.3
"Dual treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir plus lamivudine has non-inferior therapeutic efficacy and is similarly tolerated to triple treatment."	( Dual treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir plus lamivudine versus triple treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir plus lamivudine or emtricitabine and a second nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor for maintenance of HIV-1 viral suppression (OLE): a random Arribas, JR; Cabié, A; Crespo, M; Domingo, P; Dronda, F; Estrada, V; Gatell, JM; Girard, PM; Iribarren, JA; Knobel, H; Landman, R; Mallolas, J; Martínez-Rebollar, M; Montero, M; Pich, J; Podzamczer, D; Portilla, J; Pulido, F; Weiss, L; Zamora, FX, 2015)	1.06
"Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) monotherapy has been shown to be an effective alternative, especially in the maintenance of patients previously treated with combination therapy and prolonged virological suppression. "	( [Lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection: the emergence of resistance]. Delgado, R, 2008)	1.61
"Treatment with lopinavir and ritonavir, but not amprenavir, induced ER stress, as indicated by a decrease in secreted alkaline phosphatase activities and an increase in the unfolded protein response. "	( HIV protease inhibitors induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and disrupt barrier integrity in intestinal epithelial cells. Chen, J; Chen, L; Gurley, E; Hylemon, PB; Pandak, WM; Sanyal, AJ; Studer, E; Sun, L; Wang, G; Wang, JY; Wang, X; Wu, X; Zha, W; Zhang, L; Zhou, H, 2010)	0.71
"Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir is significantly associated with elevated BP, an effect that appears to be mediated through an increase in BMI. "	( Antiretroviral medications associated with elevated blood pressure among patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Crane, HM; Kitahata, MM; Van Rompaey, SE, 2006)	0.69
"The treatment with lopinavir+ritonavir caused discrete, yet significant, alterations of aspartate aminotransferase activity, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine plasma levels."	( Effects of lopinavir-ritonavir combined therapy during the rat pregnancy. Morphological and biochemical aspects. Amed, AA; Cunha, AM; Hagemann, CC; Kulay, L; Maciel, GA; Oliveira, FH; Oliveira-Filho, RM; Simões, MJ; Simões, RS; Soares, JM, 2007)	1.05

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Three patients discontinued therapy for drug-related adverse events."	( Safety and antiviral activity at 48 weeks of lopinavir/ritonavir plus nevirapine and 2 nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected protease inhibitor-experienced patients. Benson, CA; Brun, SC; Deeks, SG; Eron, JJ; Feinberg, J; Gulick, RM; Hicks, C; Hsu, A; Japour, AJ; Kempf, D; Kessler, HA; King, M; Murphy, RL; Real, K; Riddler, S; Sax, PE; Stryker, R; Sun, E; Thompson, M; Wheeler, D, 2002)	0.57
" In our clinical setting IDV/r showed to be less effective and more toxic than LPV/RTV as first-line HAART."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir vs. indinavir/ritonavir in antiretroviral naive HIV-infected patients: immunovirological outcome and side effects. Adorni, F; Bini, T; Bongiovanni, M; Chiesa, E; Cicconi, P; Monforte d'Arminio, A, 2004)	1.77
" Discontinuation due to adverse events is infrequent."	( Safety, efficacy and development of resistance under the new protease inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir: 48-week results. Kaiser, R; Mauss, S; Rockstroh, JK; Schmutz, G; Vogel, M; Voigt, E; Wasmuth, JC, 2004)	0.55
" Twenty-eight patients discontinued therapy prior to week 204 because of adverse events (n = 10), lost to follow-up (n = 9), or other reasons (n = 9)."	( Long-term safety and durable antiretroviral activity of lopinavir/ritonavir in treatment-naive patients: 4 year follow-up study. Benson, C; Brun, SC; Eron, JJ; Gulick, RM; Hicks, C; Kessler, HA; King, KR; King, MS; Murphy, RL; White, AC, 2004)	0.57
"Liver toxicity is a common side effect of antiretroviral therapy, particularly in subjects coinfected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV)."	( Short communication: liver toxicity of lopinavir-containing regimens in HIV-infected patients with or without hepatitis C coinfection. González-Lahoz, J; González-Requena, D; Jiménez-Nacher, I; Núñez, M; Soriano, V, 2004)	0.59
" These data have now provided a clear and clinically relevant understanding of the individual profiles of drugs within the nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor , HIV protease inhibitor and non-nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor drug classes, and have provided a rational basis for assessing and monitoring these adverse effects in clinical practice."	( Adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection: a review of selected topics. Mallal, S; Nolan, D; Reiss, P, 2005)	0.33
" Parameters studied were HIV RNA, CD4+ cell counts, metabolic parameters and drug-related adverse events."	( Predictive factors of lopinavir/ritonavir discontinuation for drug-related toxicity: results from a cohort of 416 multi-experienced HIV-infected individuals. Bini, T; Bongiovanni, M; Chiesa, E; Cicconi, P; Di Biagio, A; Landonio, S; Meraviglia, P; Monforte, Ad; Testa, L; Tordato, F, 2005)	0.64
"The SCOLTA project (Surveillance Cohort Long-term Toxicity Antiretrovirals) is a system for online surveying of adverse reactions to recently commercialized antiretroviral drugs and a "sentinel" for unexpected and late adverse reactions arising during any antiretroviral treatment (available at: http://www."	( An Italian approach to postmarketing monitoring: preliminary results from the SCOLTA (Surveillance Cohort Long-Term Toxicity Antiretrovirals) project on the safety of lopinavir/ritonavir. Armignacco, O; Bonfanti, P; Carradori, S; Magnani, C; Martinelli, C; Parruti, G; Quirino, T; Ricci, E, 2005)	0.52
" Adverse events were described in 18 children."	( Safety and antiviral response at 12 months of lopinavir/ritonavir therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected children experienced with three classes of antiretrovirals. Cabrero, E; De José, MI; Dueñas, J; Fortuny, C; González-Montero, R; Mellado, MJ; Muñoz-Fernández, MA; Mur, A; Navarro, M; Otero, C; Pocheville, I; Ramos, JT, 2005)	0.59
" Treatment was not discontinued in any patient because of adverse effects."	( Atazanavir and lopinavir/ritonavir: pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of a promising double-boosted protease inhibitor regimen. Azuaje, C; Crespo, M; Curran, A; Diaz, M; Feijoo, M; Lopez, RM; Ocaña, I; Pahissa, A; Pou, L; Ribera, E, 2006)	0.69
" Subsequently, the patient developed a possible adverse skin reaction to his antiretrovirals and was hospitalized."	( Carbamazepine toxicity induced by lopinavir/ritonavir and nelfinavir. Bates, DE; Herman, RJ, 2006)	0.61
" Together, these in vitro results indicate that combination with other antiretrovirals does not significantly increase the toxic potential of TFV in RPTECs."	( In vitro cytotoxicity and mitochondrial toxicity of tenofovir alone and in combination with other antiretrovirals in human renal proximal tubule cells. Alvarez, ML; Cihlar, T; Cordobilla, B; Domingo, JC; Domingo, P; Giralt, M; Guallar, J; López-Dupla, M; Sánchez de la Rosa, R; Saumoy, M; Torres, F; Vidal, F; Villarroya, F, 2006)	0.33
" Safety data were generally similar between the groups; grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 80 (27%) darunavir-ritonavir and 89 (30%) lopinavir-ritonavir patients."	( Efficacy and safety of darunavir-ritonavir compared with that of lopinavir-ritonavir at 48 weeks in treatment-experienced, HIV-infected patients in TITAN: a randomised controlled phase III trial. Banhegyi, D; Berger, D; de Béthune, MP; De Pauw, M; Lefebvre, E; Madruga, JV; McMurchie, M; Norris, D; Ruxrungtham, K; Spinosa-Guzman, S; Suter, F; Tomaka, F; Vangeneugden, T, 2007)	0.78
" No statistically significant differences in adverse event incidence occurred between treatment groups, except for a higher vomiting rate in the 400/300 mg dose group."	( High-dose lopinavir/ritonavir in highly treatment-experienced HIV-1 patients: efficacy, safety, and predictors of response. Bernstein, B; Brun, SC; Eron, JJ; Flexner, C; Havlir, DV; Katlama, C; King, MS; Klein, CE; Letendre, SL; Podzamczer, D, )	0.53
" A saquinavir C(min) > 2000 ng/ml was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal grade 3 or 4 adverse events and higher total cholesterol."	( Pharmacokinetics of two randomized trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir in combination with low-dose ritonavir: the MaxCmin1 and 2 trials. Cahn, P; Castagna, A; Clumeck, N; Dragsted, UB; Fox, Z; Gerstoft, J; Justesen, US; Losso, M; Lundgren, JD; Obel, N; Pedersen, C; Peters, B, 2007)	0.55
" Three infants (14%) had transient adverse events of grade 3 or more that were possibly related to study treatment but did not require permanent treatment discontinuation."	( Pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir in infants less than 6 months of age: 24 week results. Capparelli, EV; Chadwick, EG; Chen, J; Hughes, M; Palumbo, P; Pinto, JA; Robbins, B; Rodman, JH; Serchuck, L; Smith, E; Yogev, R, 2008)	0.61
" Data regarding demographics, clinical disease and antiretroviral treatment history, HIV-1 RNA copies/mL, CD4 T-cell counts [absolute (cells/microL) and percentages (%)], adverse events, clinical laboratory values, reasons for discontinuation of PIs, and concomitant medications were extracted from the database for PI-naive (first-line) and PI-experienced (second- or higher-line) PI use."	( Long-term safety and effectiveness of ritonavir, nelfinavir, and lopinavir/ritonavir in antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected children. Burri, M; Nadal, D; Rode, R; Rudin, C; Shen, Y, 2008)	0.58
"Long-term PI-based therapy seems to be safe and to result in durable virologic and immunologic effectiveness in HIV-1-infected antiretroviral-experienced children."	( Long-term safety and effectiveness of ritonavir, nelfinavir, and lopinavir/ritonavir in antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected children. Burri, M; Nadal, D; Rode, R; Rudin, C; Shen, Y, 2008)	0.58
"The study showed a high incidence of adverse events when a higher than standard dose of the new lopinavir/ritonavir tablets was combined with rifampicin."	( High incidence of adverse events in healthy volunteers receiving rifampicin and adjusted doses of lopinavir/ritonavir tablets. Aarnoutse, RE; Boeree, MJ; Burger, DM; Koopmans, PP; L'homme, RF; Nijland, HM; Rongen, GA; van Crevel, R; van Uden, P, 2008)	0.78
" DRV/r had a lower incidence of possibly treatment-related grade 2-4 gastrointestinal-related adverse events (7 versus 14%) and treatment-related moderate-to-severe diarrhea (4 versus 10%) than LPV/r."	( Efficacy and safety of once-daily darunavir/ritonavir versus lopinavir/ritonavir in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients at week 48. Andrade-Villanueva, J; De Meyer, S; De Pauw, M; Dejesus, E; Fourie, J; Khanlou, H; Lefebvre, E; Ortiz, R; Spinosa-Guzman, S; van Lunzen, J; Vangeneugden, T; Voronin, E, 2008)	0.59
" Serious adverse events were noted in 51 (12%) of 441 patients in the atazanavir/ritonavir group and in 42 (10%) of 437 patients in the lopinavir/ritonavir group."	( Once-daily atazanavir/ritonavir versus twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir, each in combination with tenofovir and emtricitabine, for management of antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients: 48 week efficacy and safety results of the CASTLE study. Andrade-Villanueva, J; Chetchotisakd, P; Corral, J; David, N; Echevarria, J; Mancini, M; McGrath, D; Molina, JM; Moyle, G; Percival, L; Thiry, A; Yang, R, 2008)	0.8
" Twenty-five patients (62%) experienced at least one adverse event."	( Three-year outcome data of second-line antiretroviral therapy in Ugandan adults: good virological response but high rate of toxicity. Bates, M; Castelnuovo, B; Colebunders, R; John, L; Kamya, MR; Lutwama, F; Ronald, A; Spacek, LA, )	0.13
" In the studies performed to date, darunavir has been well tolerated, with a better profile than that of the PIs used in control groups in terms of adverse effects such as diarrhea, gastrointestinal tolerability and lipid alterations."	( [Safety and tolerability of darunavir]. Antela López, A, 2008)	0.35
" Common clinical adverse events (AEs) were diarrhoea, nausea, fatigue and headache."	( Antiviral activity and safety of aplaviroc, a CCR5 antagonist, in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected, therapy-naïve patients: results of the EPIC study (CCR100136). Adkison, KK; Berger, D; Bonny, T; Cimoch, P; Lamarca, A; Lazzarin, A; Madison, SJ; McCarty, D; Millard, J; Nichols, WG; Salvato, P; Smaill, FM; Teofilo, E; Yeni, P, 2009)	0.58
" Adverse events were limited to transient grade 3 neutropenia in 3 subjects."	( Early initiation of lopinavir/ritonavir in infants less than 6 weeks of age: pharmacokinetics and 24-week safety and efficacy. Alvero, CG; Browning, R; Capparelli, E; Chadwick, EG; Hazra, R; Heckman, BE; Hughes, MD; Luzuriaga, K; Palumbo, P; Pinto, J; Purdue, L; Robbins, B; Rodman, J; Serchuck, L; Yogev, R, 2009)	0.68
" Rates of discontinuation and adverse events, including diarrhea, were similar between arms."	( A once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen is noninferior to twice-daily dosing and results in similar safety and tolerability in antiretroviral-naive subjects through 48 weeks. Bernstein, B; Cohen, DE; da Silva, BA; Fredrick, L; Gathe, J; Gibbs, S; Loutfy, MR; Marsh, T; Naylor, C; Podzamczer, D; Rubio, R, 2009)	0.72
" Adverse event rate leading to study drug discontinuation was 5% in both arms."	( Efficacy and safety of switching from boosted lopinavir to boosted atazanavir in patients with virological suppression receiving a LPV/r-containing HAART: the ATAZIP study. Aranda, M; Arranz, JA; Blanco, JL; Clotet, B; Cosin, J; Cruceta, A; Dalmau, D; Domingo, P; Ferrer, E; García, I; Gatell, JM; Gutiérrez, F; Knobel, H; Lazzari, Ed; Llibre, JM; Mallolas, J; Martínez, E; Milinkovic, A; Murillas, J; Pedrol, E; Pich, J; Podzamczer, D; Ribera, E; Roca, V; Vidal, F, 2009)	0.61
"Double-boosted SQV+LPV/r was an effective and safe alternative for a second-line regimen in children."	( Safety and efficacy of a double-boosted protease inhibitor combination, saquinavir and lopinavir/ritonavir, in pretreated children at 96 weeks. Ananworanich, J; Boonrak, P; Bunupuradah, T; Burger, D; Engchanil, C; Kosalaraksa, P; Lumbiganon, P; Mahanontharit, A; Mengthaisong, T; Puthanakit, T; Ruxrungtham, K; Tompkins, E; van der Lugt, J, 2009)	0.58
"Primary endpoints were time to virologic failure (confirmed HIV-1 RNA > or = 1,000 copies/mL at 16-24 weeks or > or = 200 copies/mL at > or = 24 weeks) and time to first grade 3 or 4 adverse event or laboratory abnormality that was at least one grade higher than at baseline."	( Virologic response and safety of the abacavir/lamivudine fixed-dose formulation as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy: analyses of six clinical studies. Dix, LP; Ha, B; Liao, QM; Pappa, KA, )	0.13
" Few subjects treated with ABC/3TC developed grade 3 or 4 adverse events, laboratory toxicities, or changes in lipid levels."	( Virologic response and safety of the abacavir/lamivudine fixed-dose formulation as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy: analyses of six clinical studies. Dix, LP; Ha, B; Liao, QM; Pappa, KA, )	0.13
" Diarrhea was the most frequently reported adverse event."	( Long-term efficacy and safety of fosamprenavir plus ritonavir versus lopinavir/ritonavir in combination with abacavir/lamivudine over 144 weeks. Baril, JG; Duiculescu, D; Estrada, V; Lim, ML; Logue, K; Pharo, C; Plettenberg, A; Pulido, F; Schewe, K; Vavro, C; Yau, L, )	0.37
" Treatment-related gastrointestinal adverse events were greater in patients taking lopinavir/ritonavir."	( Once-daily atazanavir/ritonavir compared with twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir, each in combination with tenofovir and emtricitabine, for management of antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients: 96-week efficacy and safety results of the CASTLE study. Absalon, J; Andrade-Villanueva, J; Chetchotisakd, P; Corral, J; David, N; Echevarria, J; Lataillade, M; Mancini, M; McGrath, D; Molina, JM; Moyle, G; Percival, L; Wirtz, V; Yang, R, 2010)	0.83
" Atazanavir/ritonavir had a better lipid profile and fewer gastrointestinal adverse events than lopinavir/ritonavir."	( Once-daily atazanavir/ritonavir compared with twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir, each in combination with tenofovir and emtricitabine, for management of antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients: 96-week efficacy and safety results of the CASTLE study. Absalon, J; Andrade-Villanueva, J; Chetchotisakd, P; Corral, J; David, N; Echevarria, J; Lataillade, M; Mancini, M; McGrath, D; Molina, JM; Moyle, G; Percival, L; Wirtz, V; Yang, R, 2010)	0.82
" The occurrence of treatment-related moderate/severe adverse events was comparable for all events except nausea, which was reported more frequently among BID-treated subjects."	( Similar safety and efficacy of once- and twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir tablets in treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected subjects at 48 weeks. Andrade-Villanueva, J; Badal-Faesen, S; Bernstein, BM; Fredrick, LM; Gathe, J; Gaultier, IA; Mingrone, H; Podsadecki, TJ; Woodward, WC; Zajdenverg, R, 2010)	0.61
"Long-term treatment with LPV/r-based cART is safe and effective in HIV-1-infected children."	( Long-term safety and effectiveness of lopinavir/ritonavir in antiretroviral-experienced HIV-1-infected children. Bucher, HC; Nadal, D; Rickenbach, M; Rudin, C; Wolbers, M, 2010)	0.63
" Through 96 weeks, 77 subjects from each group discontinued prematurely; adverse or HIV-related events contributed to discontinuation of 36 subjects overall, with no significant differences between treatment groups."	( Short communication: Comparable safety and efficacy with once-daily versus twice-daily dosing of lopinavir/ritonavir tablets with emtricitabine + tenofovir DF in antiretroviral-naïve, HIV type 1-infected subjects: 96 week final results of the randomized t Bernstein, B; Cohen, D; da Silva, B; Fredrick, L; González-García, J; Johnson, M; Naylor, C; Sloan, L, 2010)	0.58
" Safety was assessed with the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (AE)."	( Pilot, randomized study assessing safety, tolerability and efficacy of simplified LPV/r maintenance therapy in HIV patients on the 1 PI-based regimen. Ackad, N; Andrade-Villanueva, J; Bortolozzi, R; Cahn, P; Casiró, AD; Cassetti, I; Junod, P; Krolewiecki, A; Longo, N; Lupo, SH; Montaner, J; Patterson, P; Rampakakis, E; Sampalis, JS; Sierra-Madero, J, 2011)	0.37
" Three patients allocated elvitegravir had serious adverse events related to study drugs compared with seven assigned raltegravir; two and eight patients died, respectively."	( Efficacy and safety of once daily elvitegravir versus twice daily raltegravir in treatment-experienced patients with HIV-1 receiving a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor: randomised, double-blind, phase 3, non-inferiority study. Andrade-Villanueva, J; Cheng, AK; Chuck, SL; Clotet, B; Clumeck, N; Lamarca, A; Liu, YP; Margot, N; Molina, JM; Zhong, L, 2012)	0.38
" The occurrence of treatment-related, moderate/severe adverse events was similar between treatment groups through 48 weeks of treatment."	( Examination of noninferiority, safety, and tolerability of lopinavir/ritonavir and raltegravir compared with lopinavir/ritonavir and tenofovir/ emtricitabine in antiretroviral-naïve subjects: the progress study, 48-week results. Fredrick, LM; Gathe, J; Lawal, A; Nilius, AM; Podsadecki, TJ; Pulido, F; Reynes, J; Soto-Malave, R; Tian, M, )	0.37
" There were no serious adverse events (AEs) in either arm."	( A switch in therapy to a reverse transcriptase inhibitor sparing combination of lopinavir/ritonavir and raltegravir in virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients: a pilot randomized trial to assess efficacy and safety profile: the KITE study. Del Rio, C; Easley, KA; Eaton, ME; Lennox, JL; Ofotokun, I; Sanford, SE; Shenvi, N; Sheth, AN; White, K, 2012)	0.61
" None of 9 severe adverse events were LPV/r- or liver-related."	( A pilot, prospective, open-label simplification study to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of once-daily lopinavir-ritonavir monotherapy in HIV-HCV coinfected patients: the MONOCO study. Ackad, N; Conway, B; Cooper, C; la Porte, C; Sampalis, J; Tossonian, H, )	0.34
"Once-daily LPV/r monotherapy in HIV-HCV coinfected individuals offers a safe and effective approach to the management of the HIV infection, with a predictable pharmacokinetic profile."	( A pilot, prospective, open-label simplification study to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of once-daily lopinavir-ritonavir monotherapy in HIV-HCV coinfected patients: the MONOCO study. Ackad, N; Conway, B; Cooper, C; la Porte, C; Sampalis, J; Tossonian, H, )	0.34
" Four grade 3 and no grade 4 adverse events were reported."	( Pharmacokinetics and 48-week safety and efficacy of generic lopinavir/ritonavir in Thai HIV-infected patients. Ananworanich, J; Avihingsanon, A; Burger, DM; Gorowara, M; Lange, JM; Phanuphak, P; Ramautarsing, RA; Ruxthungtham, K; Sophonphan, J; van der Lugt, J, 2013)	0.63
" Significantly fewer discontinuations because of adverse events were observed with DRV/r (4."	( Final 192-week efficacy and safety of once-daily darunavir/ritonavir compared with lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected treatment-naïve patients in the ARTEMIS trial. DeJesus, E; Khanlou, H; Lathouwers, E; Lefebvre, E; Opsomer, M; Orkin, C; Stoehr, A; Supparatpinyo, K; Tomaka, F; Van de Casteele, T, 2013)	0.61
" Efficacy (HIV-1 RNA levels, CD4+ T-cell counts) and safety and tolerability (treatment discontinuation, treatment-related adverse events [AE], and clinical laboratory abnormalities) at 48 weeks were assessed for total women, women by age (≥50, <50 years) and body mass index (BMI; <25, ≥25 to <30, ≥30 kg/m2), and sex."	( Meta-analysis of the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir-containing antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected women. Fredrick, L; Hermes, A; Martinez, M; Norton, M; Pasley, M; Squires, K; Trinh, R, )	0.37
"2% receiving the increased dose, discontinued treatment because of adverse events (p=0."	( A randomized controlled trial to assess safety, tolerability, and antepartum viral load with increased lopinavir/ritonavir dosage in pregnancy. Bonafe, SM; Castelo, A; Costa, DA; Machado, RH; Pott-Junior, H; Senise, JF; Vaz, MJ, 2013)	0.6
" Both ACT regimens were safe and well tolerated."	( Artemisinin-based combination therapies are efficacious and safe for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in HIV-infected Ugandan children. Achan, J; Arinaitwe, E; Charlebois, E; Clark, TD; Dorsey, G; Havlir, D; Ikilezi, G; Kakuru, A; Kamya, MR; Muhindo, MK; Mwangwa, F; Rosenthal, PJ; Ruel, T; Tappero, JW, 2014)	0.4
"Treatment of uncomplicated malaria with AL or DP was efficacious and safe in HIV-infected children taking ART."	( Artemisinin-based combination therapies are efficacious and safe for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in HIV-infected Ugandan children. Achan, J; Arinaitwe, E; Charlebois, E; Clark, TD; Dorsey, G; Havlir, D; Ikilezi, G; Kakuru, A; Kamya, MR; Muhindo, MK; Mwangwa, F; Rosenthal, PJ; Ruel, T; Tappero, JW, 2014)	0.4
"Protease inhibitor (PI) monotherapy for treatment could avoid the adverse events, drug resistance, and additional costs associated with other antiretrovirals that are normally used, particularly the nucleoside analogues."	( Is there a higher risk of CNS adverse events for PI monotherapy versus triple therapy? A review of results from randomized clinical trials. Hill, A; Moecklinghoff, C; Powderly, W, )	0.13
"There was no clear difference in the risk of central nervous system (CNS) adverse events between PI monotherapy (either DRV/r or LPV/r) and standard triple drug treatment."	( Is there a higher risk of CNS adverse events for PI monotherapy versus triple therapy? A review of results from randomized clinical trials. Hill, A; Moecklinghoff, C; Powderly, W, )	0.13
" However, the information on CNS adverse events has not been reported using standardized definitions in the studies."	( Is there a higher risk of CNS adverse events for PI monotherapy versus triple therapy? A review of results from randomized clinical trials. Hill, A; Moecklinghoff, C; Powderly, W, )	0.13
"There is an urgent need for new antituberculosis (anti-TB) drugs, including agents that are safe and effective with concomitant antiretrovirals (ARV) and first-line TB drugs."	( Phase I safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacogenetics study of the antituberculosis drug PA-824 with concomitant lopinavir-ritonavir, efavirenz, or rifampin. Allen, R; Aweeka, F; Bao, J; Cramer, Y; Dooley, KE; Haas, DW; Koletar, SL; Luetkemeyer, AF; Marzan, F; Murray, S; Park, JG; Savic, R; Sutherland, D, 2014)	0.61
"The most frequent clinical side effect was fatigue (in 23 cases, 88."	( Side effects and tolerability of post-exposure prophylaxis with zidovudine, lamivudine, and lopinavir/ritonavir: a comparative study with HIV/AIDS patients. Cai, J; Xiao, J; Zhang, Q, 2014)	0.62
" Bayesian fixed-effect network meta-analysis models adjusting for the type of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine [TDF/FTC] or abacavir/lamivudine [ABC/3TC]) were used to evaluate week 48 efficacy (HIV-RNA suppression to <50 copies/mL and change in CD4+ cells/µL) and safety (lipid changes, adverse events, and discontinuations due to adverse events) of DTG relative to all other treatments."	( 48-week efficacy and safety of dolutegravir relative to commonly used third agents in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Camejo, RR; Cuffe, R; Gilchrist, KA; Lim, JW; Nichols, G; Patel, DA; Pulgar, S; Snedecor, SJ; Stephens, J; Sudharshan, L; Tang, WY, 2014)	0.4
" Dolutegravir had better or equivalent changes in total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, and lower odds of adverse events and discontinuation due to adverse events compared to all treatments."	( 48-week efficacy and safety of dolutegravir relative to commonly used third agents in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Camejo, RR; Cuffe, R; Gilchrist, KA; Lim, JW; Nichols, G; Patel, DA; Pulgar, S; Snedecor, SJ; Stephens, J; Sudharshan, L; Tang, WY, 2014)	0.4
" The Division of AIDS 2004, clarification 2009, table for grading severity of adverse events was used to classify drug toxicities."	( Pharmacokinetics and safety of rifabutin in young HIV-infected children receiving rifabutin and lopinavir/ritonavir. Gous, H; Kellermann, T; Kindra, G; McIlleron, H; Moultrie, H; Sawry, S; Van Rie, A; Wiesner, L, 2015)	0.64
" It remains unclear whether a safe and effective rifabutin dose exists for treatment of TB in children receiving lopinavir/ritonavir."	( Pharmacokinetics and safety of rifabutin in young HIV-infected children receiving rifabutin and lopinavir/ritonavir. Gous, H; Kellermann, T; Kindra, G; McIlleron, H; Moultrie, H; Sawry, S; Van Rie, A; Wiesner, L, 2015)	0.85
" Grade 1 or 2 gastrointestinal adverse events were higher among women on lopinavir/ritonavir versus efavirenz."	( Efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir versus efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected pregnant Ugandan women. Achan, J; Ades, V; Charlebois, ED; Clark, TD; Cohan, D; Gandhi, M; Havlir, DV; Kamya, MR; Koss, CA; Luwedde, F; Mwesigwa, J; Natureeba, P; Nzarubara, B; Plenty, A; Ruel, T, 2015)	0.96
" We also found no significant differences between the two groups for adverse events and death."	( Efficacy and safety of abacavir-containing combination antiretroviral therapy as first-line treatment of HIV infected children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Adetokunboh, OO; Balogun, TA; Schoonees, A; Wiysonge, CS, 2015)	0.42
"0% discontinued treatment due to adverse events."	( Short Communication: Efficacy and Safety of Treatment Simplification to Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Darunavir/Ritonavir Monotherapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Bravo, I; Cañadas, MP; Clotet, B; García-Rosado, D; Llibre, JM; Moltó, J; Paredes, R; Pérez-Álvarez, N; Santos, JR, 2016)	0.67
" To investigate safety, we compared adverse events (AE) among infants exposed to different maternal cART regimens."	( Maternal Lopinavir/Ritonavir Is Associated with Fewer Adverse Events in Infants than Nelfinavir or Atazanavir. Barr, E; Davies, J; Forster, JE; Kinzie, K; Levin, MJ; McFarland, EJ; Pappas, J; Paul, S; Smith, C; Weinberg, A, 2016)	0.85
" Outcomes of interest were viral suppression, mortality, AIDS-defining illnesses or WHO stage 3-4 disease, discontinuations, discontinuations due to adverse events, and serious adverse events."	( Comparative efficacy and safety of second-line antiretroviral therapy for treatment of HIV/AIDS: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Ayers, D; Calmy, A; Chan, K; Cooper, DA; Doherty, M; Ford, N; Kanters, S; Mills, EJ; Nsanzimana, S; Paton, NI; Popoff, E; Socias, ME; Vitoria, M; Wiens, MO, 2017)	0.46
" Secondary endpoints included treatment adherence, patient satisfaction, incidence of adverse events and differences in plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load (VL) and CD4 cell counts."	( High quality of life, treatment tolerability, safety and efficacy in HIV patients switching from triple therapy to lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy: A randomized clinical trial. Aguirrebengoa, K; de Jesus, SE; de Los Santos, I; Fariñas, MC; Flores, J; Galindo, MJ; García-Mercé, I; García-Vallecillos, C; Hernández-Quero, J; Hidalgo-Tenorio, C; Imaz, A; Lozano, F; Montes, ML; Orihuela, F; Pasquau, J; Ríos-Villegas, MJ; Romero-Palacios, A; Sanjoaquín, I; Vázquez, P; Vergas, J, 2018)	0.69
" There were also no differences in the incidence and severity of adverse events, even though 22."	( High quality of life, treatment tolerability, safety and efficacy in HIV patients switching from triple therapy to lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy: A randomized clinical trial. Aguirrebengoa, K; de Jesus, SE; de Los Santos, I; Fariñas, MC; Flores, J; Galindo, MJ; García-Mercé, I; García-Vallecillos, C; Hernández-Quero, J; Hidalgo-Tenorio, C; Imaz, A; Lozano, F; Montes, ML; Orihuela, F; Pasquau, J; Ríos-Villegas, MJ; Romero-Palacios, A; Sanjoaquín, I; Vázquez, P; Vergas, J, 2018)	0.69
" Adverse events (grade 1-4) were more common at baseline (27%) than during rifabutin treatment (15%) (P = 0."	( Safety and efficacy of rifabutin among HIV/TB-coinfected children on lopinavir/ritonavir-based ART. Akanmu, S; Brown, B; Chang, C; Darin, KM; David, N; Kanki, PJ; Ogunbosi, B; Okonkwo, P; Oladokun, R; Olaitan, O; Rawizza, HE; Scarsi, KK, 2019)	0.75
"With clinical and laboratory monitoring, our data suggest that rifabutin is a safe option for TB therapy among children on PI-based ART."	( Safety and efficacy of rifabutin among HIV/TB-coinfected children on lopinavir/ritonavir-based ART. Akanmu, S; Brown, B; Chang, C; Darin, KM; David, N; Kanki, PJ; Ogunbosi, B; Okonkwo, P; Oladokun, R; Olaitan, O; Rawizza, HE; Scarsi, KK, 2019)	0.75
" However, there are several reasons as to why patients may discontinue their antiretroviral therapy, with adverse events being one of the main reasons reported in the literature."	( Factors associated to modification of first-line antiretroviral therapy due to adverse events in people living with HIV/AIDS. Azevedo, LN; Miranda-Filho, DB; Montarroyos, UR; Monteiro, P; Ximenes, RAA, )	0.13
" Secondary outcomes were duration of hospital stay, length of intensive care unit stay, 28-day mortality, effect of early or late administration of IFN on mortality, adverse effects, and complications during the hospitalization."	( A Randomized Clinical Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Interferon β-1a in Treatment of Severe COVID-19. Abbasian, L; Davoudi-Monfared, E; Hajiabdolbaghi, M; Kazemzadeh, H; Khalili, H; Rahmani, H; Salehi, M; Yekaninejad, MS, 2020)	0.56
"3%) in the arbidol group experienced adverse events during the follow-up period."	( Efficacy and Safety of Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Arbidol in Adult Patients with Mild/Moderate COVID-19: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial. Cai, W; Chen, X; Deng, X; Guan, Y; Hong, W; Hu, F; Li, F; Li, L; Li, Y; Lin, W; Liu, J; Mo, X; Peng, P; Wang, J; Wang, Y; Wen, C; Xiao, G; Xie, Z; Zhang, F; Zhang, L, 2020)	0.87
" There were no clinically relevant toxicities nor adverse events in both control and test arms."	( Effect of nevirapine, efavirenz and lopinavir/ritonavir on the therapeutic concentration and toxicity of lumefantrine in people living with HIV at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Abideen, G; Adeniji, H; Adeuja, O; Agbaje, EO; Akanmu, AS; Akinleye, MO; Akinyede, AA; Busari, AW; Hassan, OO; Ken-Owotor, C; Kogbe, S; Ogunfowokan, T; Onwujuobi, AG; Oreagba, IA; Owolabi, ET; Usman, SO, 2020)	0.83
"To find effective and safe treatments for COVID-19, the WHO recommended to systemically evaluate experimental therapeutics in collaborative randomised clinical trials."	( Protocol for the DisCoVeRy trial: multicentre, adaptive, randomised trial of the safety and efficacy of treatments for COVID-19 in hospitalised adults. Ader, F, 2020)	0.56
" In this context, intensive pharmacovigilance allows early detection of adverse events, and thereby infer the safety profile of the indication."	( [Adverse effects of lopinavir/ritonavir in critically ill patients with COVID-19]. Carboni Bisso, I; Catanzariti, A; Las Heras, M; Vecchio, G; Zapico, V, 2020)	0.88
" Its empirical use has been associated with multiple cardiac adverse reactions pertaining to its ancillary multi-channel blocking properties, vaguely characterized until now."	( Spontaneous reported cardiotoxicity induced by lopinavir/ritonavir in COVID-19. An alleged past-resolved problem. Drici, MD; Fresse, A; Gérard, A; Lepelley, M; Rocher, F; Romani, S; Salem, JE; Viard, D, 2021)	0.88
" Regarding adverse effects, except occurrence of diarrhea (higher in the L/R group), safety was comparable to SOC."	( Safety and efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir combination in COVID-19: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis. Avti, P; Bansal, S; Bhattacharyya, A; Hazarika, M; Kaur, H; Kumar, S; Mahendru, D; Medhi, B; Prajapat, M; Prakash, A; Sarma, P; Sharma, S; Shekhar, N, )	0.44
" Secondary Endpoints: All causes mortality, Frequency of respiratory progression (defined as SPO2≤ 94% on room air or PaO2/FiO2 <300mmHg and requirement for supplemental oxygen or more advanced ventilator support), time to defervescence (in those with fever at enrolment), frequency of requirement for supplemental oxygen or non-invasive ventilation, frequency of requirement for mechanical ventilation, frequency of serious adverse events as per DAIDS table grade of severity."	( Safety and efficacy of antiviral combination therapy in symptomatic patients of Covid-19 infection - a randomised controlled trial (SEV-COVID Trial): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Bahurupi, YA; Bandyopadhyay, A; Chikara, G; Moirangthem, B; Panda, PK; Saha, S; Singh, BC, 2020)	0.56
"Lopinavir plasma concentrations in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 were higher than expected, and they were associated with the occurrence of hepatic or gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions."	( Plasma Concentrations and Safety of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in COVID-19 Patients. Azoulay, C; Batista, R; Benaboud, S; Boujaafar, S; Canouï, E; Carlier, N; Chouchana, L; Gana, I; Kernéis, S; Legendre, P; Preta, LH; Regard, L; Terrier, B; Treluyer, JM; Zerbit, J; Zheng, Y, 2021)	2.34
" The secondary outcome is the incidence of serious adverse drug reactions within seven days of randomization."	( The efficacy and safety of Ivermectin in patients with mild and moderate COVID-19: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Dadvand, H; Davoodian, P; Fathalipour, M; Ghazizadeh, S; Hassaniazad, M; Hassanipour, S; Hosseini, FS; Kahoori, S; Malektojari, A; Nikoofal-Sahlabadi, S; Nikpoor, AR; Sepandi, M, 2021)	0.62
" Grade ≥3 adverse events were compared between cohorts."	( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Zidovudine, Lamivudine, and Lopinavir/Ritonavir in HIV-infected Children With Severe Acute Malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: IMPAACT Protocol P1092. Aweeka, F; Bradford, S; Browning, R; Coletti, A; Costello, D; Graham, B; Hughes, E; Kamthunzi, P; Kawalazira, R; Mmbaga, BT; Moye, J; Musoke, P; Nathoo, K; Norman, J; Owor, M; Purdue, L; Reding, C; Tierney, C; Whalen, ME; Wiesner, L; Ziemba, L, 2021)	0.86
"For children with mild COVID-19, LPR is inferior to conventional treatment in reducing virus shedding time and hospitalization duration and is associated with increased adverse reactions."	( Safety and efficacy of oral lopinavir/ritonavir in pediatric patients with coronavirus disease: a nationwide comparative analysis. Chen, RJ; Cui, YX; He, YL; Li, XY; Li, ZP; Lu, JM; Ma, SL; Shang, FN; Wang, XF; Xu, H; Ye, QF; Zhai, XW; Zhang, XB; Zhou, AF, 2021)	0.92
" The scientific community is studying and testing numerous compounds that can be effective and safe for treating people with covid-19."	( [The praise of uncertainty: a systematic living review to evaluate the efficacy and safety of drug treatments for patients with covid-19.] Amato, L; Cruciani, F; Davoli, M; De Crescenzo, F; Mitrova, Z; Saulle, R; Vecchi, S, 2021)	0.62
" No differences for the risk of any adverse events are observed between convalescent plasma and remdesivir compared to standard treatment."	( [The praise of uncertainty: a systematic living review to evaluate the efficacy and safety of drug treatments for patients with covid-19.] Amato, L; Cruciani, F; Davoli, M; De Crescenzo, F; Mitrova, Z; Saulle, R; Vecchi, S, 2021)	0.62
"08) or incidence of adverse events (P=0."	( Comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of LPV/r drugs in the treatment of SARS and MERS to provide potential treatment options for COVID-19. Li, X; Liu, J; Luo, R; Wu, D; Wu, L; Xu, P; Zheng, Y, 2021)	0.62
" The virological cure, radiological improvement and adverse events were pooled as risk ratio (RR) with 95% CI."	( Efficacy and safety of lopinavir-ritonavir in COVID-19: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Barvaliya, M; Bhalla, HL; Khosla, PP; Patel, PB; Patel, TK; Saurabh, MK, 2021)	0.93
" Methods We conducted a disproportionality analysis of US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) between 2020Q1 and 2021Q1 to evaluate the association between lopinavir-ritonavir and risk of drug-induced liver injury (or severe drug-induced liver injury) and calculated their reporting odds ratios (RORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs)."	( Drug-induced liver injury associated with lopinavir-ritonavir in patients with COVID-19: a disproportionality analysis of U.S. food and drug administration adverse event reporting system (FAERS) data. Barnes, EL; Kinlaw, AC; Li, X; Moon, AM; Tang, H; Wang, T; Yang, JY; Zhou, L, 2021)	1.08
" No adverse events were related to study drugs."	( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of the Abacavir/Lamivudine/Lopinavir/Ritonavir Fixed-Dose Granule Formulation (4-in-1) in Neonates: PETITE Study. Andrieux-Meyer, I; Bekker, A; Capparelli, E; Cotton, MF; Cressey, R; Cressey, TR; du Toit, S; Groenewald, M; Kumar, M; Lallemant, M; Nielsen, J; Rabie, H; Salvadori, N; Than-In-At, K, 2022)	0.97
" In addition to the ongoing research and development of vaccines, there is still a dire need for safe and effective drugs for the control and treatment against the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection."	( Safety profile of COVID-19 drugs in a real clinical setting. Bhardwaj, M; Chiu, MN; Sah, SP, 2022)	0.72
"Through a literature search conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar database, various adverse events suspected to be induced by eight drugs, including dexamethasone, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, remdesivir, favipiravir, lopinavir/ritonavir, ivermectin, and tocilizumab, administered in COVID-19 patients in clinical practice and studies were identified in 30 case reports, 3 case series, and 10 randomized clinical trials."	( Safety profile of COVID-19 drugs in a real clinical setting. Bhardwaj, M; Chiu, MN; Sah, SP, 2022)	0.91
"Mild, moderate, or severe adverse events of numerous repurposed and investigational drugs caused by various factors and mechanisms were observed."	( Safety profile of COVID-19 drugs in a real clinical setting. Bhardwaj, M; Chiu, MN; Sah, SP, 2022)	0.72
"To summarise specific adverse effects of remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir in patients with COVID-19."	( Adverse effects of remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir when used for COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. Agoritsas, T; Bartoszko, JJ; Brignardello-Petersen, R; Chu, DK; Ge, L; Izcovich, A; Khamis, AM; Kum, E; McLeod, SL; Mustafa, RA; Qasim, A; Rochwerg, B; Siemieniuk, RA; Vandvik, P; Zeraatkar, D, 2022)	1.2
" For most interventions and outcomes the certainty of the evidence was very low to low except for gastrointestinal adverse effects from hydroxychloroquine, which was moderate certainty."	( Adverse effects of remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir when used for COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. Agoritsas, T; Bartoszko, JJ; Brignardello-Petersen, R; Chu, DK; Ge, L; Izcovich, A; Khamis, AM; Kum, E; McLeod, SL; Mustafa, RA; Qasim, A; Rochwerg, B; Siemieniuk, RA; Vandvik, P; Zeraatkar, D, 2022)	0.97
" ICU admission, length of stay (LOS) in hospital, in-hospital mortality, and the incidence of adverse events were also measured."	( Efficacy and safety of favipiravir plus interferon-beta versus lopinavir/ritonavir plus interferon-beta in moderately ill patients with COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial. Bazram, A; Farshidi, H; Fathalipour, M; Gharibzadeh, A; Hassaniazad, M; Khalili, E; Noormandi, A, 2022)	0.96
" The primary endpoints here considered were any adverse events observed or reported during the treatment cycle with estimates of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), until November 6, 2021."	( A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis for comparative safety assessment of favipiravir interventions in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Chen, M; Dai, W; Yang, F; Yang, K; Zeng, J, 2022)	0.72
" We extracted data on trials and patient characteristics, and the following primary outcomes: all-cause mortality (ACM), and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs)."	( Comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for severe COVID-19 patients: An updated network meta-analysis of 48 randomized controlled trials. Chen, J; Cheng, Q; Fang, Z; Jia, Q; Zhao, G, 2022)	0.72
" We found that most medications were safe in treating severe COVID-19."	( Comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for severe COVID-19 patients: An updated network meta-analysis of 48 randomized controlled trials. Chen, J; Cheng, Q; Fang, Z; Jia, Q; Zhao, G, 2022)	0.72
" Moreover, adverse events were more frequent in the fed state, but all were mild."	( Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Bioequivalence of 2 Lopinavir/Ritonavir (200/50 mg) Tablets in Healthy Chinese Volunteers: Effect of Food on Absorption. Bao, D; Fu, W; Hu, W; Lin, L; Liu, Y; Zhang, Q; Zhang, W; Zheng, L, 2023)	1.16

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"The response to regimens including lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) in patients who have received multiple protease (PR) inhibitors (PI) can be analyzed in terms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genotypic and pharmacokinetic (pK) determinants."	( Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genotypic and pharmacokinetic determinants of the virological response to lopinavir-ritonavir-containing therapy in protease inhibitor-experienced patients. Breilh, D; Dabis, F; Dupon, M; Fleury, H; Lavignolle, V; Lawson-Ayayi, S; Masquelier, B; Morlat, P; Neau, D; Ragnaud, JM, 2002)	0.8
" Pharmacokinetic curves were obtained for lopinavir and saquinavir."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir plus saquinavir in salvage therapy; pharmacokinetics, tolerability and efficacy. Burger, DM; la Porte, CJ; Rockstroh, JK; Schneider, K; Wasmuth, JC, 2003)	2.03
"The pharmacokinetic parameters of lopinavir (LPV) were examined by administering Kaletra (LPV+ritonavir) to 8 healthy Japanese volunteers both in the fasting and postprandial conditions."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir after administration of Kaletra in healthy Japanese volunteers. Ito, H; Kaneda, T; Mamiya, N; Nagaoka, K; Nakai, M; Oki, T; Sagisaka, M; Usami, Y; Utsumi, M; Yamanaka, K, 2004)	0.93
" Patients receiving the same doses of lopinavir/ritonavir (n = 10) or amprenavir with ritonavir (n = 8) were chosen as controls for pharmacokinetic analyses."	( Deep salvage with amprenavir and lopinavir/ritonavir: correlation of pharmacokinetics and drug resistance with pharmacodynamics. Baldini, F; Cauda, R; Cingolani, A; De Luca, A; Di Giambenedetto, S; Hoetelmans, RM, 2004)	0.88
"Coadministration of lopinavir-ritonavir, an antiretroviral protease inhibitor, at the standard dose (400/100 mg twice a day [BID]) with the antituberculous agent rifampin is contraindicated because of a significant pharmacokinetic interaction due to induction of cytochrome P450 3A by rifampin."	( Pharmacokinetics of adjusted-dose lopinavir-ritonavir combined with rifampin in healthy volunteers. Bertz, R; Boeree, MJ; Burger, DM; Colbers, EP; Hekster, YA; Koopmans, PP; la Porte, CJ; Voncken, DS; Wikstrom, K, 2004)	0.93
" The median pharmacokinetic parameters of lopinavir were as follows: area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 12 h (AUC(0-12)), 85."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics of a double-boosting regimen of saquinavir soft gel plus lopinavir plus minidose ritonavir in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults. Azuaje, C; Clotet, B; Crespo, M; Diaz, M; Falcó, V; Lopez, RM; Ocaña, I; Pahissa, A; Pou, L; Ribera, E; Ruiz, I; Ruiz, L, 2004)	0.81
" In contrast, the sparse sampling done in population pharmacokinetic studies relies on patient-reported times of dosing, the accuracy of which the authors sought to assess by adding electronic monitoring to the usual patient reporting of dosing times."	( Successful projection of the time course of drug concentration in plasma during a 1-year period from electronically compiled dosing-time data used as input to individually parameterized pharmacokinetic models. Bertz, R; Mayer, S; Rode, R; Tousset, E; Urquhart, J; Vrijens, B, 2005)	0.33
" LPV/r concentrations were measured by LC-MS/MS, and the data were analyzed by noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis."	( Absence of circadian variation in the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir given as a once daily dosing regimen in HIV-1-infected patients. Bourbeau, M; Cameron, DW; Garber, GE; Giguere, P; Seguin, I; van Heeswijk, RP, 2005)	0.57
"To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir in combination with ritonavir, in which the interaction between both drugs was characterized, and in which relationships between patient characteristics and pharmacokinetics were identified."	( Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with ritonavir in HIV-1-infected patients. Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Kappelhoff, BS; Mairuhu, AT; Meenhorst, PL; Mulder, JW; van Gorp, EC, 2005)	0.87
" First, ritonavir data were fitted to a previously developed model to obtain individual Bayesian estimates of pharmacokinetic parameters."	( Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with ritonavir in HIV-1-infected patients. Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Kappelhoff, BS; Mairuhu, AT; Meenhorst, PL; Mulder, JW; van Gorp, EC, 2005)	0.61
"We have developed a model that has defined a time-independent inverse relationship between the exposure to ritonavir and the CL/F of lopinavir, and provided an adequate description of the pharmacokinetic parameters for the latter."	( Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with ritonavir in HIV-1-infected patients. Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Kappelhoff, BS; Mairuhu, AT; Meenhorst, PL; Mulder, JW; van Gorp, EC, 2005)	0.82
"Samples were collected for a 12-hour pharmacokinetic profile in all children."	( Pharmacokinetics and 24-week efficacy/safety of dual boosted saquinavir/lopinavir/ritonavir in nucleoside-pretreated children. Ananworanich, J; Bergshoeff, A; Burger, D; Engchanil, C; Hill, A; Kosalaraksa, P; Pancharoen, C; Ruxrungtham, K; Siangphoe, U, 2005)	0.56
" Median area under the concentration curve at 0-12 hours and Cmin were 39."	( Pharmacokinetics and 24-week efficacy/safety of dual boosted saquinavir/lopinavir/ritonavir in nucleoside-pretreated children. Ananworanich, J; Bergshoeff, A; Burger, D; Engchanil, C; Hill, A; Kosalaraksa, P; Pancharoen, C; Ruxrungtham, K; Siangphoe, U, 2005)	0.56
"Six HIV-positive antiretroviral experienced patients initiating therapy with a regimen including lopinavir/ritonavir (400/100 mg twice per day) and indinavir (800 mg twice per day) underwent steady-state pharmacokinetic analysis."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics and tolerability of indinavir-lopinavir/r combination therapy in antiretroviral-experienced patients. Antoniou, T; Giguere, P; Phillips, EJ; Tseng, AL; van Heeswijk, RP; Walker, SE, 2005)	0.79
"The influence of saquinavir hard-gel capsules on lopinavir pharmacokinetic parameters was investigated using a population approach."	( No significant influence of saquinavir hard-gel capsule administration on pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with ritonavir: a population approach. Allavena, C; Dailly, E; Gagnieu, MC; Jolliet, P; Raffi, F, 2005)	0.8
" When the 2 hepatic impairment groups were combined, lopinavir Cmax and AUC12 were increased 20% to 30% compared to the controls."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected subjects with hepatic impairment. Arribas, J; Brun, SC; Causemaker, SJ; Cepeda, C; DaSilva, B; García Cabanillas, JA; Li, J; Lorenzo, A; Peng, JZ; Pulido, F, 2006)	0.91
"To assess potential pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions between atazanavir (ATV, 300 mg, once daily) and lopinavir (LPV, 400 mg, twice daily), both boosted by ritonavir (RTV, 100 mg)."	( Ritonavir-boosted atazanavir-lopinavir combination: a pharmacokinetic interaction study of total, unbound plasma and cellular exposures. Biollaz, J; Buclin, T; Cavassini, M; Colombo, S; Decosterd, LA; Franc, C; Guignard, N; Khonkarly, M; Rochat, B; Tarr, PE; Telenti, A, 2006)	0.84
" Minimum and maximum concentrations (C subsetmin, C subsetmax), area under the concentration-time curve (AUC subset0-12h), total clearance (CL subsettot) and half-life (t1/2) were calculated."	( Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of a combination of indinavir, lopinavir and ritonavir in multiply pretreated HIV-1 infected adults. Harder, S; Klauke, S; Kurowski, M; Lutz, T; Müller, A; Rottmann, C; Staszewski, S; von Hentig, N, 2006)	0.57
" 3,467 ng*h/mL; Cmin 220 ng/mL vs."	( Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of a combination of indinavir, lopinavir and ritonavir in multiply pretreated HIV-1 infected adults. Harder, S; Klauke, S; Kurowski, M; Lutz, T; Müller, A; Rottmann, C; Staszewski, S; von Hentig, N, 2006)	0.57
" The mean (standard deviation) AUC0-24, Cmax and Cmin of lopinavir were 149."	( Pharmacokinetics of a once-daily regimen of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected children. Burger, D; de Groot, R; van der Lee, M; Verweel, G, 2006)	0.84
"Our findings indicate that 460/115 mg/m2 lopinavir/ritonavir once daily leads to mean pharmacokinetic parameters comparable to data of 800/200 mg lopinavir/ritonavir once daily in adults, although the variability observed in the trough levels is much higher in children."	( Pharmacokinetics of a once-daily regimen of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected children. Burger, D; de Groot, R; van der Lee, M; Verweel, G, 2006)	0.86
" Pharmacokinetic sampling was performed on day 8 of each treatment, and samples were analyzed for FPV, amprenavir (APV), LPV, and RTV concentrations by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry."	( Dose separation does not overcome the pharmacokinetic interaction between fosamprenavir and lopinavir/ritonavir. Corbett, AH; Eron, JJ; Kalvass, LA; Kashuba, AD; Lim, ML; Ngo, LT; Patterson, KB; Tien, HC, 2006)	0.55
" A pre-dose to 6 h post-dose steady-state pharmacokinetic analysis (n = 35) of the drugs on the day of the scheduled Caesarean section was performed."	( Placental transfer and pharmacokinetics of lopinavir and other protease inhibitors in combination with nevirapine at delivery. Belohradsky, BH; Eberle, J; Friese, K; Gingelmaier, A; Grubert, TA; Kästner, R; Kurowski, M; Mylonas, I, 2006)	0.6
" The consequences of these pharmacokinetic discrepancies and the necessity to modify the currently recommended dosage regimen should be further investigated."	( Population analysis of weight-, age-, and sex-related differences in the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in children from birth to 18 years. Blanche, S; Chaix, ML; Delaugerre, C; Firtion, G; Hirt, D; Jullien, V; Macassa, E; Pons, G; Rey, E; Rouzioux, C; Teglas, JP; Tréluyer, JM; Urien, S; Vaz, P, 2006)	0.55
" Thus, for ritonavir AUC12, Cmax and Cmin in HCV+/FIB+patients were 63%, 86% and 100% higher, respectively, when compared with those parameters in HCV-patients (p=0."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir pharmacokinetics in HIV and hepatitis C virus co-infected patients without liver function impairment: influence of liver fibrosis. Barbanoj, MJ; Blanco, A; Clotet, B; Costa, J; DelaVarga, M; Domingo, P; Miranda, C; Miranda, J; Moltó, J; Negredo, E; Tural, C; Valle, M; Vilaró, J, 2007)	1.78
" Lopinavir and ritonavir pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated."	( Lack of effect of gastric acid-reducing agents on the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected patients. Awni, W; Brun, S; Chiu, YL; King, KR; Klein, CE; Naylor, C; Woodward, WC, 2007)	1.48
" Pharmacokinetic parameters estimated by noncompartmental method were reported as 90% confidence intervals (CIs) about the geometric mean ratio (GMR)."	( Lopinavir/Ritonavir pharmacokinetic profile: impact of sex and other covariates following a change from twice-daily to once-daily therapy. Acosta, EP; Binongo, JN; Chuck, SK; Lennox, JL; Ofotokun, I; Palau, M, 2007)	1.78
"HIV-infected subjects on abacavir (600 mg once daily) plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) (excluding tenofovir) underwent a 24 h pharmacokinetic assessment for plasma abacavir concentrations."	( Abacavir plasma pharmacokinetics in the absence and presence of atazanavir/ritonavir or lopinavir/ritonavir and vice versa in HIV-infected patients. Back, D; Boffito, M; Bonora, S; D'Avolio, A; Else, L; Gazzard, B; Mandalia, S; Moyle, G; Nelson, M; Pozniak, A; Waters, LJ, 2007)	0.56
" The clinical consequences of these substantial pharmacokinetic changes should be investigated."	( Lopinavir-ritonavir dramatically affects the pharmacokinetics of irinotecan in HIV patients with Kaposi's sarcoma. Corona, G; Innocenti, F; Sandron, S; Sartor, I; Tirelli, U; Toffoli, G; Vaccher, E, 2008)	1.79
" Data originated from pre-defined pharmacokinetic substudies within two randomized 48-week trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of three protease inhibitor regimens."	( Pharmacokinetics of two randomized trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir in combination with low-dose ritonavir: the MaxCmin1 and 2 trials. Cahn, P; Castagna, A; Clumeck, N; Dragsted, UB; Fox, Z; Gerstoft, J; Justesen, US; Losso, M; Lundgren, JD; Obel, N; Pedersen, C; Peters, B, 2007)	0.55
"Fourteen patients participated in the study and seven participated in the intensified pharmacokinetic protocol."	( Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in hepatitis C virus and HIV co-infected liver transplant recipients in the ANRS HC-08 study. Abbara, C; Barrail, A; Boissonnas, A; Bonhomme-Faivre, L; Duclos-Vallée, JC; Samuel, D; Taburet, AM; Teicher, E; Vincent, I; Vittecoq, D, 2007)	0.34
" Coadministration of these drugs might result in complex pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions."	( Amprenavir and lopinavir pharmacokinetics following coadministration of amprenavir or fosamprenavir with lopinavir/ritonavir, with or without efavirenz. Barditch-Crovo, P; Carson, KA; Flexner, C; Hendrix, CW; Khan, W; Pakes, GE; Parish, M; Parsons, T; Pham, PA; Qaqish, R; Radebaugh, C, 2007)	0.69
"37) or Cmax (10."	( Amprenavir and lopinavir pharmacokinetics following coadministration of amprenavir or fosamprenavir with lopinavir/ritonavir, with or without efavirenz. Barditch-Crovo, P; Carson, KA; Flexner, C; Hendrix, CW; Khan, W; Pakes, GE; Parish, M; Parsons, T; Pham, PA; Qaqish, R; Radebaugh, C, 2007)	0.69
"EFV did not appear to significantly alter APV and LPV pharmacokinetic parameters in HIV-infected patients taking APV 750 mg twice daily + LPV 533/133 mg twice daily."	( Amprenavir and lopinavir pharmacokinetics following coadministration of amprenavir or fosamprenavir with lopinavir/ritonavir, with or without efavirenz. Barditch-Crovo, P; Carson, KA; Flexner, C; Hendrix, CW; Khan, W; Pakes, GE; Parish, M; Parsons, T; Pham, PA; Qaqish, R; Radebaugh, C, 2007)	0.69
" Intensive pharmacokinetic sampling was performed at 2 weeks and predose concentrations were collected every 8 weeks; safety and plasma HIV-1 RNA were monitored every 4-12 weeks for 24 weeks."	( Pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir in infants less than 6 months of age: 24 week results. Capparelli, EV; Chadwick, EG; Chen, J; Hughes, M; Palumbo, P; Pinto, JA; Robbins, B; Rodman, JH; Serchuck, L; Smith, E; Yogev, R, 2008)	0.61
" Lopinavir pharmacokinetic measures (median [interquartile range]) for children with and without rifampicin, respectively, were maximum concentration (Cmax) of 10."	( Effect of rifampicin on lopinavir pharmacokinetics in HIV-infected children with tuberculosis. Egbers, C; Eley, BS; Maartens, G; McIlleron, HM; Meyers, TM; Nuttall, JJ; Ren, Y; Smith, PJ, 2008)	1.56
" Although the median Cmax and AUC0-12 were lowered by 26% and 31%."	( Effect of rifampicin on lopinavir pharmacokinetics in HIV-infected children with tuberculosis. Egbers, C; Eley, BS; Maartens, G; McIlleron, HM; Meyers, TM; Nuttall, JJ; Ren, Y; Smith, PJ, 2008)	0.65
"Studies on the pharmacokinetic interaction between atazanavir and lopinavir with ritonavir (lopinavir/ritonavir) report contradictory results."	( Atazanavir and lopinavir with ritonavir alone or in combination: analysis of pharmacokinetic interaction and predictors of drug exposure. Bacarelli, A; Cauda, R; De Luca, A; Di Giambenedetto, S; Navarra, P; Ragazzoni, E; Regazzi, M; Villani, P, 2008)	0.94
" Total (n = 56) and unbound (n = 36) LPV pharmacokinetic parameters were determined at steady-state using validated high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods, respectively."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir pharmacokinetics in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with or without cirrhosis. Back, DJ; Cargnel, A; Cordier, L; Cusato, M; Dickinson, L; Duca, P; Khoo, SH; Meraviglia, P; Micheli, V; Orlando, G; Regazzi, M; Rizzardini, G; Viganò, P; Villani, P, 2008)	1.79
" It is coformulated with low doses of ritonavir in order to enhance its pharmacokinetic profile."	( Simultaneous population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir and ritonavir in HIV-infected adults. Barbanoj, MJ; Blanco, A; Clotet, B; Costa, J; Domingo, P; Miranda, C; Moltó, J; Negredo, E; Santos, JR; Valle, M, 2008)	0.6
"To develop and validate a population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir and ritonavir administered simultaneously in a population of HIV-infected adults."	( Simultaneous population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir and ritonavir in HIV-infected adults. Barbanoj, MJ; Blanco, A; Clotet, B; Costa, J; Domingo, P; Miranda, C; Moltó, J; Negredo, E; Santos, JR; Valle, M, 2008)	0.84
" First, a population pharmacokinetic model was developed for lopinavir and for ritonavir separately."	( Simultaneous population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir and ritonavir in HIV-infected adults. Barbanoj, MJ; Blanco, A; Clotet, B; Costa, J; Domingo, P; Miranda, C; Moltó, J; Negredo, E; Santos, JR; Valle, M, 2008)	0.84
" LPV Cmin was lower than expected in the hemodialysis group."	( The pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics of efavirenz and lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected persons requiring hemodialysis. Amorosa, V; Cramer, YS; Gupta, SK; Hall, SD; Koletar, SL; Rosenkranz, SL; Szczech, LA, 2008)	0.59
"This was an open-label, three-session, pharmacokinetic trial."	( Pharmacokinetics of atazanavir/ritonavir once daily and lopinavir/ritonavir twice and once daily over 72 h following drug cessation. Back, D; Boffito, M; Else, L; Gazzard, B; Khoo, S; Moyle, G; Pozniak, A; Sousa, M; Taylor, J, 2008)	0.59
"This study investigated the pharmacokinetic forgiveness of two boosted protease inhibitors."	( Pharmacokinetics of atazanavir/ritonavir once daily and lopinavir/ritonavir twice and once daily over 72 h following drug cessation. Back, D; Boffito, M; Else, L; Gazzard, B; Khoo, S; Moyle, G; Pozniak, A; Sousa, M; Taylor, J, 2008)	0.59
" The aims of this study were to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model of LPV in children and to estimate the probability of achieving a PIQ of >15."	( Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir predict suboptimal therapeutic concentrations in treatment-experienced human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Baghdassarian, A; Neely, MN; Rakhmanina, N; Soldin, S; van den Anker, J; Williams, K, 2009)	0.64
" Statistical analyses were performed on pharmacokinetic parameters: the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 4 h (AUC(0-4)), the maximum concentration of the drug (C(max)), and the residual concentration of the drug at the end of the dosing interval (C(trough)) for plasma and the AUC(0-4) and C(trough) for intracellular data."	( Pilot pharmacokinetic study of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF): investigation of systemic and intracellular interactions between TDF and abacavir, lamivudine, or lopinavir-ritonavir. Ayen, R; Clotet, B; Grassi, J; Levi, M; Negredo, E; Pruvost, A; Puig, J; Théodoro, F, 2009)	0.54
" For artemether, trends toward Cmax and AUC decreases (Cmax 14."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir affects pharmacokinetic exposure of artemether/lumefantrine in HIV-uninfected healthy volunteers. Aweeka, FT; Charlebois, E; Dorsey, G; German, P; Hanpithakpong, W; Havlir, D; Lawrence, J; Lindegardh, N; Parikh, S; Rosenthal, PJ, 2009)	1.8
" Full pharmacokinetic profiles were analysed for lopinavir and ritonavir with a validated HPLC tandem mass spectrometry assay."	( Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of once- versus twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir treatment in HIV-1-infected children. la Porte, C; Mitchell, CD; Parker, J; Rongkavilit, C; van Heeswijk, R; Zhang, G, 2009)	0.85
" A 12 h pharmacokinetic study was done at 4-6 weeks after starting treatment."	( Pharmacokinetics and 48 week efficacy of low-dose lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected children. Ananworanich, J; Boonrak, P; Bunupuradah, T; Burger, D; Gorowara, M; Jupimai, T; Pancharoen, C; Phasomsap, C; Puthanakit, T; Ruxrungtham, K; van der Lugt, J, 2009)	0.61
"Low-dose lopinavir displayed adequate pharmacokinetic parameters and good efficacy as compared with standard-dose lopinavir in Thai children."	( Pharmacokinetics and 48 week efficacy of low-dose lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected children. Ananworanich, J; Boonrak, P; Bunupuradah, T; Burger, D; Gorowara, M; Jupimai, T; Pancharoen, C; Phasomsap, C; Puthanakit, T; Ruxrungtham, K; van der Lugt, J, 2009)	1.02
" Noncompartmental and population pharmacokinetic analyses (2-compartment open model) were performed."	( Pharmacokinetic evaluation of rifabutin in combination with lopinavir-ritonavir in patients with HIV infection and active tuberculosis. Ashkin, D; Boulanger, C; Espinoza, LA; Farrell, K; Graham, JJ; Hollender, E; Maasen, D; Peloquin, CA; Rivero, RO; Stambaugh, JJ; Symes, S, 2009)	0.6
" For the five pharmacokinetic trials of lopinavir/ritonavir, a meta-analysis was used to estimate the effects of lopinavir dose versus ritonavir dose on lopinavir pharmacokinetics."	( How much ritonavir is needed to boost protease inhibitors? Systematic review of 17 dose-ranging pharmacokinetic trials. Boffito, M; Hill, A; Sawyer, W; van der Lugt, J, 2009)	0.62
"A population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir was developed using data from 424 HIV type-1-infected patients, and the final model was used to estimate the probability to achieve target C(troughs) via Monte Carlo simulations."	( A population analysis of weight-related differences in lopinavir pharmacokinetics and possible consequences for protease inhibitor-naive and -experienced patients. Bouillon-Pichault, M; Chhun, S; Dupin, N; Jullien, V; Krivine, A; Launay, O; Lortholary, O; Morini, JP; Piketty, C; Pons, G; Salmon, D; Treluyer, JM; Viard, JP; Weiss, L, 2009)	0.87
"To determine the pharmacokinetic profiles of lopinavir and ritonavir in two newly developed generic co-formulations for HIV-infected children (Lopimune paediatric tablets and granules, 100/25 mg of lopinavir/ritonavir, Cipla Pharmaceuticals), and to compare these with the branded product (Kaletra)."	( Pharmacokinetics of two generic co-formulations of lopinavir/ritonavir for HIV-infected children: a pilot study of paediatric Lopimune versus the branded product in healthy adult volunteers. Burger, DM; Colbers, EP; de Kanter, CT; Fillekes, Q; Hoitsma, A, 2010)	0.87
" A 32 h pharmacokinetic curve was recorded."	( Pharmacokinetics of two generic co-formulations of lopinavir/ritonavir for HIV-infected children: a pilot study of paediatric Lopimune versus the branded product in healthy adult volunteers. Burger, DM; Colbers, EP; de Kanter, CT; Fillekes, Q; Hoitsma, A, 2010)	0.61
"Large differences in pharmacokinetic parameters can be excluded for Lopimune paediatric tablets when compared with the branded product and taken on an empty stomach, and also for Lopimune granules when these are taken with food."	( Pharmacokinetics of two generic co-formulations of lopinavir/ritonavir for HIV-infected children: a pilot study of paediatric Lopimune versus the branded product in healthy adult volunteers. Burger, DM; Colbers, EP; de Kanter, CT; Fillekes, Q; Hoitsma, A, 2010)	0.61
"We aimed to investigate the extent of pharmacokinetic drug interactions between bosentan and a fixed combination of lopinavir/ritonavir."	( Mutual pharmacokinetic interactions between bosentan and lopinavir/ritonavir in healthy participants. Dingemanse, J; Nilsson, PN; Patat, A; van Giersbergen, PL, 2010)	0.82
" Six-point pharmacokinetic sampling (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 h) was undertaken after observed intake with a standardized breakfast."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir-ritonavir with and without nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in Ugandan HIV-infected adults. Dickinson, L; Gibb, DM; Gilks, CF; Kayiwa, J; Khoo, S; Kityo, C; Lutwama, F; Munderi, P; Nalumenya, R; Reid, A; Ssali, F; Tumukunde, D; Walker, AS, 2010)	0.68
" LPV/r pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartmental analysis."	( Pharmacokinetics and virologic response of zidovudine/lopinavir/ritonavir initiated during the third trimester of pregnancy. Chirayus, S; Cressey, TR; Jourdain, G; Kongpanichkul, R; Lallemant, M; Ngo-Giang-Huong, N; Pattarakulwanich, S; Rawangban, B; Sabsanong, P; Varadisai, S; Voramongkol, N; Yuthavisuthi, P, 2010)	0.61
" Geometric mean (90% confidence interval) LPV AUC, Cmax and Cmin were 64."	( Pharmacokinetics and virologic response of zidovudine/lopinavir/ritonavir initiated during the third trimester of pregnancy. Chirayus, S; Cressey, TR; Jourdain, G; Kongpanichkul, R; Lallemant, M; Ngo-Giang-Huong, N; Pattarakulwanich, S; Rawangban, B; Sabsanong, P; Varadisai, S; Voramongkol, N; Yuthavisuthi, P, 2010)	0.61
"International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials 1026s is a prospective nonblinded pharmacokinetic study in HIV-infected pregnant women, including a cohort receiving 2 lopinavir/ritonavir tablets (400 mg/100 mg) twice daily during the second trimester, 3 tablets (600 mg/150 mg) twice daily during the third trimester, and 2 tablets (400 mg/100 mg) twice daily post delivery through 2 weeks postpartum."	( Lopinavir tablet pharmacokinetics with an increased dose during pregnancy. Best, BM; Burchett, SK; Capparelli, EV; Hu, C; Li, H; Mirochnick, M; Read, JS; Rossi, SS; Smith, E; Stek, AM, 2010)	1.99
"Steady-state 12-hour pharmacokinetic profiles were performed during pregnancy and at 2 weeks postpartum."	( Lopinavir tablet pharmacokinetics with an increased dose during pregnancy. Best, BM; Burchett, SK; Capparelli, EV; Hu, C; Li, H; Mirochnick, M; Read, JS; Rossi, SS; Smith, E; Stek, AM, 2010)	1.8
"This study was conducted to examine the pharmacokinetic interactions between buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NLX) and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) in HIV-seronegative subjects chronically maintained on BUP/NLX."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between buprenorphine/naloxone and once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir. Altice, FL; Andrews, L; Bruce, RD; Fang, WB; Friedland, GH; Lin, SN; Ma, Q; Moody, DE; Morse, GD, 2010)	0.8
"This study was an open labeled pharmacokinetic study in twelve HIV-seronegative subjects stabilized on at least 3 weeks of BUP/NLX therapy."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between buprenorphine/naloxone and once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir. Altice, FL; Andrews, L; Bruce, RD; Fang, WB; Friedland, GH; Lin, SN; Ma, Q; Moody, DE; Morse, GD, 2010)	0.59
"2 ng*hr/mL) and Cmax (6."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between buprenorphine/naloxone and once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir. Altice, FL; Andrews, L; Bruce, RD; Fang, WB; Friedland, GH; Lin, SN; Ma, Q; Moody, DE; Morse, GD, 2010)	0.59
" Pharmacodynamic responses indicate that the altered norbuprenorphine clearance did not lead to opioid withdrawal."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between buprenorphine/naloxone and once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir. Altice, FL; Andrews, L; Bruce, RD; Fang, WB; Friedland, GH; Lin, SN; Ma, Q; Moody, DE; Morse, GD, 2010)	0.59
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were compared using the 400/100 mg twice daily dose as reference, by determining geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and 90% confidence intervals."	( Pharmacokinetics of plasma lopinavir/ritonavir following the administration of 400/100 mg, 200/150 mg and 200/50 mg twice daily in HIV-negative volunteers. Amin, J; Back, D; Boffito, M; Else, L; Emery, S; Gazzard, B; Hill, A; Jackson, A; Khoo, S; Lin, E; Morley, R; Puls, R, 2011)	0.67
"These pharmacokinetic data show that therapeutic plasma concentrations of lopinavir can be achieved with 200/150 mg of lopinavir/ritonavir twice daily (one Meltrex tablet and one 100 mg ritonavir capsule twice daily)."	( Pharmacokinetics of plasma lopinavir/ritonavir following the administration of 400/100 mg, 200/150 mg and 200/50 mg twice daily in HIV-negative volunteers. Amin, J; Back, D; Boffito, M; Else, L; Emery, S; Gazzard, B; Hill, A; Jackson, A; Khoo, S; Lin, E; Morley, R; Puls, R, 2011)	0.9
" This 2-step, multicenter, pharmacokinetic study enrolled human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults on lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) capsules (400/100 mg bid) plus 1 or more nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors."	( Sex differences in lopinavir and ritonavir pharmacokinetics among HIV-infected women and men. Cramer, Y; Currier, JS; Fletcher, CV; Hermes, AE; Park, JG; Umeh, OC, 2011)	0.91
" Data were modeled first separately and then together by using individually predicted ritonavir pharmacokinetic parameters in the final lopinavir model."	( Sequential population pharmacokinetic modeling of lopinavir and ritonavir in healthy volunteers and assessment of different dosing strategies. Aarons, L; Back, D; Boffito, M; Davies, G; Dickinson, L; Else, L; Khoo, S; Moyle, G; Pozniak, A; von Hentig, N, 2011)	0.83
" There were no significant differences in the LPV area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 12 h (AUC(0-12)), C(0), C(12), maximum concentration of drug in serum (C(max)), or half-life (t(1/2)) between the baseline and double-dose LPV/r time points."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in HIV-infected adults receiving rifampin with adjusted doses of lopinavir-ritonavir tablets. Decloedt, EH; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; Merry, C; Orrell, C; Smith, P, 2011)	0.69
" The lopinavir/ritonavir dose of 500/125 mg bid administered with efavirenz most closely approximates the pharmacokinetic exposure of lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100 mg bid administered alone."	( Pharmacokinetics and safety of the lopinavir/ritonavir tablet 500/125 mg twice daily coadministered with efavirenz in healthy adult participants. Awni, W; Bernstein, B; Causemaker, SJ; Chiu, YL; Klein, CE; Ng, J, 2012)	1.17
" Each subject had 2 separate (within 30 days) steady-state 12-hour pharmacokinetic (PK) studies with crushed and whole 200/50 mg lopinavir/ritonavir tablets."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir crushed versus whole tablets in children. Best, BM; Capparelli, EV; Diep, H; Farrell, MJ; Lee, G; Rakhmanina, N; Rossi, SS; van den Anker, JN; Williams, E, 2011)	0.9
" This study determined the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of a low-dose LPV/r tablet (70% of standard dose) in HIV-infected Thai adolescents."	( Low dose lopinavir/ritonavir tablet achieves adequate pharmacokinetic parameters in HIV-infected Thai adolescents. Ananworanich, J; Burger, D; Gorowara, M; Kerr, S; Klinklom, A; Pancharoen, C; Phasomsap, C; Puthanakit, T; Ruxrungtham, K; Sriheara, C, 2012)	0.8
" A mechanistic evaluation was undertaken using various in vitro and ex vivo studies to support the in vivo pharmacokinetic data."	( Effect of grapefruit juice and ritonavir on pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in Wistar rats. Aditya, N; Ravi, PR; Srivani, S; Thakur, R; Vats, R, 2012)	0.62
" A phase I pharmacokinetic study was conducted to assess the impact of long-term use of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r) on quinine pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers."	( Effects of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir on the pharmacokinetics of quinine. El-Gasim, M; Hendrix, CW; Lu, Y; Nyunt, MM; Parsons, TL; Petty, BG, 2012)	0.88
" Intensive pharmacokinetic sampling was performed 7 days apart after LPV/r dosing under moderate fat, high fat, and fasted meal conditions."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics of lopinavir plus ritonavir when administered under different meal conditions in HIV-infected Ugandan adults. Back, D; Boffito, M; Byakika-Kibwika, P; Khoo, S; Lamorde, M; Mayito, J; Merry, C; Nabukeera, L; Ogwal-Okeng, J; Ryan, M; Tjia, J, 2012)	0.66
" The primary objective was to investigate pharmacokinetic (PK) effects of lopinavir/ritonavir 400 mg/100 mg twice daily on pitavastatin 4 mg when coadministered."	( Effects of steady-state lopinavir/ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of pitavastatin in healthy adult volunteers. Campbell, SE; Medlock, MM; Morgan, RE; Sponseller, CA; Suehira, K; Yu, CY, 2012)	0.92
"To evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir in HIV-infected patients during rifabutin-based anti-mycobacterial therapy."	( Lopinavir pharmacokinetic profiles in HIV-infected patients during rifabutin-based anti-mycobacterial therapy. Apostoli, A; Bigoni, S; Calabresi, A; Carvalho, AC; Cusato, M; Dal Zoppo, S; El-Hamad, I; Marcantoni, C; Matteelli, A; Regazzi, M; Villani, P, 2012)	2.06
"A longitudinal, cross-over pharmacokinetic evaluation of lopinavir with and without rifabutin in HIV-infected subjects with mycobacterial disease was done."	( Lopinavir pharmacokinetic profiles in HIV-infected patients during rifabutin-based anti-mycobacterial therapy. Apostoli, A; Bigoni, S; Calabresi, A; Carvalho, AC; Cusato, M; Dal Zoppo, S; El-Hamad, I; Marcantoni, C; Matteelli, A; Regazzi, M; Villani, P, 2012)	2.07
"In 10 patients with complete lopinavir curves at T1, T2 and T3 pharmacokinetic values were, respectively: AUC(0-12), 187."	( Lopinavir pharmacokinetic profiles in HIV-infected patients during rifabutin-based anti-mycobacterial therapy. Apostoli, A; Bigoni, S; Calabresi, A; Carvalho, AC; Cusato, M; Dal Zoppo, S; El-Hamad, I; Marcantoni, C; Matteelli, A; Regazzi, M; Villani, P, 2012)	2.11
"Once-daily LPV/r monotherapy in HIV-HCV coinfected individuals offers a safe and effective approach to the management of the HIV infection, with a predictable pharmacokinetic profile."	( A pilot, prospective, open-label simplification study to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of once-daily lopinavir-ritonavir monotherapy in HIV-HCV coinfected patients: the MONOCO study. Ackad, N; Conway, B; Cooper, C; la Porte, C; Sampalis, J; Tossonian, H, )	0.34
"Boceprevir represents a new treatment option for hepatitis C (HCV)-infected patients, including those with HCV/human immunodeficiency virus coinfection; however, little is known about pharmacokinetic interactions between boceprevir and antiretroviral drugs."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between the hepatitis C virus protease inhibitor boceprevir and ritonavir-boosted HIV-1 protease inhibitors atazanavir, darunavir, and lopinavir. Butterton, JR; Feng, HP; Hughes, EA; Hulskotte, EG; O'Mara, E; Treitel, MA; van Zutven, MG; Wagner, JA; Xuan, F; Youngberg, SP, 2013)	0.59
"A randomized, open-label study to assess the pharmacokinetic interactions between boceprevir and ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors (PI/r) was conducted in 39 healthy adults."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between the hepatitis C virus protease inhibitor boceprevir and ritonavir-boosted HIV-1 protease inhibitors atazanavir, darunavir, and lopinavir. Butterton, JR; Feng, HP; Hughes, EA; Hulskotte, EG; O'Mara, E; Treitel, MA; van Zutven, MG; Wagner, JA; Xuan, F; Youngberg, SP, 2013)	0.59
" The objective of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model describing the pharmacokinetic differences of lopinavir and ritonavir, with and without rifampicin, between children and adults."	( Model-based evaluation of the pharmacokinetic differences between adults and children for lopinavir and ritonavir in combination with rifampicin. Decloedt, EH; Denti, P; Karlsson, MO; McIlleron, H; Ren, Y; Zhang, C, 2013)	0.82
"An integrated population pharmacokinetic model developed in nonmem 7 was used to describe the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir and ritonavir in 21 HIV infected adults, 39 HIV infected children and 35 HIV infected children with tuberculosis, who were established on lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy with and without rifampicin-containing antituberculosis therapy."	( Model-based evaluation of the pharmacokinetic differences between adults and children for lopinavir and ritonavir in combination with rifampicin. Decloedt, EH; Denti, P; Karlsson, MO; McIlleron, H; Ren, Y; Zhang, C, 2013)	0.82
" In children, the absorption half-life of lopinavir and the mean transit time of ritonavir were lengthened, compared with those in adults."	( Model-based evaluation of the pharmacokinetic differences between adults and children for lopinavir and ritonavir in combination with rifampicin. Decloedt, EH; Denti, P; Karlsson, MO; McIlleron, H; Ren, Y; Zhang, C, 2013)	0.88
" The current study evaluated the pharmacokinetic interaction between etravirine and the lopinavir/ritonavir melt extrusion formulation."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics of etravirine and lopinavir/ritonavir melt extrusion formulation, alone and in combination, in healthy HIV-negative volunteers. Akuma, SH; De Smedt, G; Hoetelmans, RM; Kakuda, TN; Schöller-Gyüre, M; Spittaels, K; Vyncke, V; Witek, J, 2013)	0.87
" Steady-state pharmacokinetics were assessed for all antiretrovirals alone and coadministered; pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by noncompartmental analysis."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics of etravirine and lopinavir/ritonavir melt extrusion formulation, alone and in combination, in healthy HIV-negative volunteers. Akuma, SH; De Smedt, G; Hoetelmans, RM; Kakuda, TN; Schöller-Gyüre, M; Spittaels, K; Vyncke, V; Witek, J, 2013)	0.65
"The evidence to date does not support major pharmacokinetic changes in adults between ∼ 20 and 60 years of age."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral drugs in older persons. Anderson, PL; Erlandson, KM; Schoen, JC, 2013)	0.39
"The mean Cmax and AUC0-24 of rifabutin in patients on rifabutin 150 mg every other day were 36% and 26% lower than on 300 mg/day rifabutin, while the mean Cmax and AUC0-24 of 25-O-desacetyl rifabutin were 186% and 152% higher, respectively."	( Pharmacokinetics of rifabutin in Japanese HIV-infected patients with or without antiretroviral therapy. Aoki, T; Gatanaga, H; Honda, H; Kikuchi, Y; Oka, S; Sano, K; Tanuma, J; Teruya, K; Tsukada, K; Watanabe, K; Yazaki, H, 2013)	0.39
" They are characterized by highly cooperative dose-response curves that are not explained by current pharmacodynamic theory."	( Multi-step inhibition explains HIV-1 protease inhibitor pharmacodynamics and resistance. Bailey, JR; Chioma, S; Durand, CM; Laird, GM; Laskey, S; Moore, RD; Rabi, SA; Shan, L; Siliciano, RF, 2013)	0.39
" Reference lopinavir concentrations were Cmin 1-8 μg/mL."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir determined with an ELISA test in youths with perinatally acquired HIV. De Hoffer, L; Di Biagio, A; Furfaro, E; Giacomet, V; Ginocchio, F; Miletich, F; Nulvesu, L; Prinapori, R; Rosso, R; Schiavetti, I; Signori, A; Sormani, MP; Taramasso, L; Viscoli, C, 2014)	1.12
" Lopinavir Cmin was <1 μg/mL in only one sample (2."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir determined with an ELISA test in youths with perinatally acquired HIV. De Hoffer, L; Di Biagio, A; Furfaro, E; Giacomet, V; Ginocchio, F; Miletich, F; Nulvesu, L; Prinapori, R; Rosso, R; Schiavetti, I; Signori, A; Sormani, MP; Taramasso, L; Viscoli, C, 2014)	1.64
" We aimed to develop a biologically relevant pharmacokinetic model of lopinavir with a description of a CYP3A4-mediated first pass metabolism and enterohepatic circulation (EHC)."	( Compartmental pharmacokinetic modeling of lopinavir in humans. Duangchaemkarn, K; Lohitnavy, M, 2013)	0.89
"A theoretical model of lopinavir was developed using the classical pharmacokinetic modeling concept."	( Compartmental pharmacokinetic modeling of lopinavir in humans. Duangchaemkarn, K; Lohitnavy, M, 2013)	0.96
"Modified one compartment with first-order absorption from gastrointestinal (GI) depot and first-order clearance into recycling depot describes a pharmacokinetic of oral single dose of lopinavir 400 mg."	( Compartmental pharmacokinetic modeling of lopinavir in humans. Duangchaemkarn, K; Lohitnavy, M, 2013)	0.85
" The primary objective was to develop an integrated LPV population pharmacokinetic model to investigate the influence of α-1-acid glycoprotein and link total and free LPV exposure to pharmacodynamic changes in HIV-1 RNA and assess viral dynamic and drug efficacy parameters."	( Integrated population pharmacokinetic/viral dynamic modelling of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1 treatment-naïve patients. Acosta, EP; D'Argenio, DZ; Delille, C; Kerstner-Wood, C; Lennox, JL; Ofotokun, I; Sheth, AN; Wang, K, 2014)	0.64
"For the total group, LPV geometric mean AUC0-12, Cmax and C12 were 106."	( Pharmacokinetics of pediatric lopinavir/ritonavir tablets in children when administered twice daily according to FDA weight bands. Bastiaans, DE; Burger, DM; Chalermpantmetagul, S; Colbers, AP; Compagnucci, A; Cressey, TR; Forcat, S; Giaquinto, C; Hansudewechakul, R; Harper, LM; Inshaw, JR; Kanjanavanit, S; Königs, C; Lyall, H; Noguera-Julian, A; Saïdi, Y, 2014)	0.69
"Sixteen and seventeen patients were respectively randomized to the two arms, and pharmacokinetic analysis carried out in 12 and 13 respectively."	( Randomised pharmacokinetic trial of rifabutin with lopinavir/ritonavir-antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis in Vietnam. Barrail-Tran, A; Borand, L; Connolly, C; Duc, NH; Dung, NH; Harries, AD; Lagarde, D; Lan, NN; Lan, NT; Laureillard, D; Lien, TT; Lienhardt, C; Pym, A; Quillet, C; Taburet, AM; Thu, NT, 2014)	0.65
"Steady-state 12-hour pharmacokinetic profiles of lopinavir/ritonavir were assessed in patients with (group 1, n = 20) or without (group 2, n = 36) hepatitis coinfection, taking lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100 mg twice a day plus nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, measured by means of high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety in HIV and hepatitis B or C coinfected adults without symptoms of hepatic impairment. Bickel, M; Brodt, R; Haberl, A; Khaykin, P; Kotzerke, P; Kurowski, M; Nisius, G; Stephan, C; Stürmer, M; von Hentig, N, 2014)	2.1
" Comparative oral pharmacokinetic studies and tissue distribution studies of optimized SLNs and LPV/RTV coformulation were done in Wistar rats."	( A hybrid design to optimize preparation of lopinavir loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and comparative pharmacokinetic evaluation with marketed lopinavir/ritonavir coformulation. Dalal, V; Murthy, AN; Ravi, PR; Vats, R, 2014)	0.67
" We evaluated the effect of 2 highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens (1 including efavirenz and the other ritonavir-boosted lopinavir) on the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of an ENG-releasing implant in HIV-positive women."	( Effect of antiretroviral therapy including lopinavir/ritonavir or efavirenz on etonogestrel-releasing implant pharmacokinetics in HIV-positive women. Amaral, E; Bahamondes, L; Bahamondes, MV; Brito, MB; de Souza, RM; Duarte, G; Ferriani, RA; Quintana, SM; Rocha Prandini, TR; Scaranari, C; Vieira, CS, 2014)	0.87
" Twelve-hour intensive pharmacokinetic sampling after observed LPV/r intake (plus 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) following World Health Organization 2010 dosing with food was performed 4 weeks after enrollment."	( The pharmacokinetics and acceptability of lopinavir/ritonavir minitab sprinkles, tablets, and syrups in african HIV-infected children. Burger, D; Fillekes, Q; Gibb, DM; Keishanyu, R; Kekitiinwa, A; Kendall, L; Lallemant, M; Musiime, V; Namuddu, R; Opilo, W; Walker, AS; Young, N, 2014)	0.67
" Among 132 evaluable pharmacokinetic profiles, there were 13/21/25 within-child comparisons in cohort A/B/C."	( The pharmacokinetics and acceptability of lopinavir/ritonavir minitab sprinkles, tablets, and syrups in african HIV-infected children. Burger, D; Fillekes, Q; Gibb, DM; Keishanyu, R; Kekitiinwa, A; Kendall, L; Lallemant, M; Musiime, V; Namuddu, R; Opilo, W; Walker, AS; Young, N, 2014)	0.67
" Further, extensive pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies were performed in Wistar rats."	( Modified pullulan nanoparticles for oral delivery of lopinavir: formulation and pharmacokinetic evaluation. Adapa, SP; Aditya, N; Balija, J; Ravi, PR; Vats, R, 2014)	0.65
" We investigated the association of CYP3A4*22 with the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir through a population pharmacokinetic approach."	( CYP3A4*22 (c.522-191 C>T; rs35599367) is associated with lopinavir pharmacokinetics in HIV-positive adults. Back, D; Egan, D; Khoo, S; Olagunju, A; Owen, A; Schipani, A; Siccardi, M, 2014)	0.88
" Pharmacokinetic sampling occurred at the end of each dosing period."	( Phase I safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacogenetics study of the antituberculosis drug PA-824 with concomitant lopinavir-ritonavir, efavirenz, or rifampin. Allen, R; Aweeka, F; Bao, J; Cramer, Y; Dooley, KE; Haas, DW; Koletar, SL; Luetkemeyer, AF; Marzan, F; Murray, S; Park, JG; Savic, R; Sutherland, D, 2014)	0.61
"Single-sequence, open-label, single-center pharmacokinetic investigation."	( Influence of Panax ginseng on the steady state pharmacokinetic profile of lopinavir-ritonavir in healthy volunteers. Alfaro, RM; Calderón, MM; Chairez, CL; Gordon, LA; Kovacs, JA; Penzak, SR, 2014)	0.63
" Lopinavir and ritonavir pharmacokinetic parameter values were determined using noncompartmental methods, and preadministration and postadministration ginseng values were compared using a Student t test, where p<0."	( Influence of Panax ginseng on the steady state pharmacokinetic profile of lopinavir-ritonavir in healthy volunteers. Alfaro, RM; Calderón, MM; Chairez, CL; Gordon, LA; Kovacs, JA; Penzak, SR, 2014)	1.54
" Intensive steady-state pharmacokinetic sampling was conducted after six doses."	( Pharmacokinetics and safety of rifabutin in young HIV-infected children receiving rifabutin and lopinavir/ritonavir. Gous, H; Kellermann, T; Kindra, G; McIlleron, H; Moultrie, H; Sawry, S; Van Rie, A; Wiesner, L, 2015)	0.64
"Rifabutin dosed at 5 mg/kg three times per week resulted in lower AUC0-48, AUC0-24 and Cmax values for rifabutin and 25-O-desacetyl rifabutin compared with adults receiving 150 mg of rifabutin daily, the current recommended dose."	( Pharmacokinetics and safety of rifabutin in young HIV-infected children receiving rifabutin and lopinavir/ritonavir. Gous, H; Kellermann, T; Kindra, G; McIlleron, H; Moultrie, H; Sawry, S; Van Rie, A; Wiesner, L, 2015)	0.64
"5 h for 20 mg group; the mean Cmax of last dose was 498 ± 54 ng/mL for 10 mg group and 897 ± 136 ng/mL for 20 mg group."	( Pharmacokinetics of sifuvirtide in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced HIV-infected patients. Che, J; Chen, X; Cheng, Y; Dong, T; Meng, Q; Qian, X; Tong, B, 2014)	0.4
" But there are limited pharmacokinetic data evaluating the higher dose of rifabutin in combination with LPV/r."	( Randomized pharmacokinetic evaluation of different rifabutin doses in African HIV- infected tuberculosis patients on lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy. Connolly, C; Harries, A; Kellerman, T; Lienhardt, C; McIlleron, H; Naiker, S; Pym, A; Reddy, T; Wiesner, L, 2014)	0.61
" The median AUC0-48 and Cmax of rifabutin in patients taking 150 mg rifabutin tiw was significantly reduced compared to the other treatment arms."	( Randomized pharmacokinetic evaluation of different rifabutin doses in African HIV- infected tuberculosis patients on lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy. Connolly, C; Harries, A; Kellerman, T; Lienhardt, C; McIlleron, H; Naiker, S; Pym, A; Reddy, T; Wiesner, L, 2014)	0.61
" A compartmental pharmacokinetic (PK) model of LPV/r was developed, including a mechanistic description of competitive inhibition."	( A pharmacokinetic model of lopinavir in combination with ritonavir in human. Duangchaemkarn, K; Lohitnavy, M; Reisfeld, B, 2014)	0.7
"To evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles of lopinavir (LPV) in Chinese HIV-infected patients."	( [Pharmacokinetic profiles of lopinavir (LPV) in Chinese HIV-infected patients]. Du, X; Fu, Q; Li, T; Liu, Z; Zhang, X, 2015)	0.97
"A total of 16 patients were enrolled in the LPV pharmacokinetic study."	( [Pharmacokinetic profiles of lopinavir (LPV) in Chinese HIV-infected patients]. Du, X; Fu, Q; Li, T; Liu, Z; Zhang, X, 2015)	0.71
"The non-compartment model pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were as follows: the peak time of LPV (T(max)) (3."	( [Pharmacokinetic profiles of lopinavir (LPV) in Chinese HIV-infected patients]. Du, X; Fu, Q; Li, T; Liu, Z; Zhang, X, 2015)	0.71
"The pharmacokinetic profiles of LPV in Chinese HIV-1 infected patients demonstrate lower C(min) than those of reported studies, while other parameters are similar."	( [Pharmacokinetic profiles of lopinavir (LPV) in Chinese HIV-infected patients]. Du, X; Fu, Q; Li, T; Liu, Z; Zhang, X, 2015)	0.71
"This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic interactions between quinine and lopinavir boosted with ritonavir (LPV/r) in healthy Thai adults (8 males and 12 females)."	( Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Quinine and Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Healthy Thai Adults. Cressey, TR; Kongjam, P; Na-Bangchang, K; Rattanapunya, S; Rueangweerayut, R; Tawon, Y, 2015)	0.9
" The aim of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic interaction between the anti-malarial drugs, artesunate-mefloquine and the antiretroviral drug, lopinavir boosted with ritonavir (LPV/r)."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between artesunate-mefloquine and ritonavir-boosted lopinavir in healthy Thai adults. Cressey, TR; Kongjam, P; Na-Bangchang, K; Rattanapunya, S; Rueangweerayut, R; Tawon, Y, 2015)	0.84
"The study was an open-label, three-way, sequential, cross-over, pharmacokinetic study in healthy Thai adults."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between artesunate-mefloquine and ritonavir-boosted lopinavir in healthy Thai adults. Cressey, TR; Kongjam, P; Na-Bangchang, K; Rattanapunya, S; Rueangweerayut, R; Tawon, Y, 2015)	0.64
" We studied the effect of INH on LPV concentrations by administering INH for 7 days and performing intensive pharmacokinetic sampling in 16 human immunodeficiency virus infected patients established on LPV/r-based ART."	( The pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir when given with isoniazid in South African HIV-infected individuals. Decloedt, EH; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; van der Walt, JS; Wiesner, L, 2015)	0.72
" We have compared non-compartmental analysis (NCA) and model-based predictions of DDIs for long half-life drugs by conducting simulation studies and reviewing published trials, using antituberculosis drug bedaquiline (BDQ) as a model compound."	( Pharmacokinetic Interactions for Drugs with a Long Half-Life—Evidence for the Need of Model-Based Analysis. Acharya, C; Clauson, B; Dooley, KE; Karlsson, MO; Svensson, EM, 2016)	0.43
" We conducted a population pharmacokinetic analysis of lopinavir and ritonavir concentrations collected from 84 pregnant and 595 nonpregnant treatment-naive and -experienced HIV-1-infected subjects enrolled in six clinical studies."	( No Need for Lopinavir Dose Adjustment during Pregnancy: a Population Pharmacokinetic and Exposure-Response Analysis in Pregnant and Nonpregnant HIV-Infected Subjects. Jones, AK; Klein, CE; Nilius, AM; Patterson, KB; Salem, AH; Santini-Oliveira, M; Taylor, GP, 2016)	1.06
"Open-label, single-sequence pharmacokinetic study."	( Lack of an Effect of Ritonavir Alone and Lopinavir-Ritonavir on the Pharmacokinetics of Fenofibric Acid in Healthy Volunteers. Alfaro, RM; Calderón, MM; Gordon, LA; Hadigan, C; Kovacs, JA; Malati, CY; McLaughlin, M; Penzak, SR, 2016)	0.7
" Fenofibric acid pharmacokinetic parameter values were compared before and after concomitant ritonavir or lopinavir-ritonavir administration."	( Lack of an Effect of Ritonavir Alone and Lopinavir-Ritonavir on the Pharmacokinetics of Fenofibric Acid in Healthy Volunteers. Alfaro, RM; Calderón, MM; Gordon, LA; Hadigan, C; Kovacs, JA; Malati, CY; McLaughlin, M; Penzak, SR, 2016)	0.91
"Population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) analyses often rely on steady state and full adherence to prescribed dosage regimen assumptions from data gathered during therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)."	( Comparison of Population Pharmacokinetics Based on Steady-State Assumption Versus Electronically Monitored Adherence to Lopinavir, Atazanavir, Efavirenz, and Etravirine: A Retrospective Study. Buclin, T; Bugnon, O; Cavassini, M; Csajka, C; Fuchs, A; Rotzinger, A; Schneider, MP, 2016)	0.64
"Linear regression equations describing the relationships of lopinavir peak and trough concentrations to lopinavir AUC values were established using pharmacokinetic data from published studies of patients or healthy subjects receiving lopinavir and ritonavir at standard dosages."	( Prediction of area under the concentration-time curve for lopinavir from peak or trough lopinavir concentrations in patients receiving lopinavir-ritonavir therapy. Srinivas, NR, 2016)	0.92
" Here we present a population pharmacokinetic model to describe the longitudinal change of unbound lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/RTV) PK parameters with gestational age, and to predict unbound LPV concentrations under different dosing regimens."	( Model-Based Analysis of Unbound Lopinavir Pharmacokinetics in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women Supports Standard Dosing in the Third Trimester. Chen, J; Dumond, JB; Malone, S; Patterson, KB; Prince, HM, 2016)	0.93
" Here we aimed to quantify nevirapine and LPV/r drug-drug interaction effects on bedaquiline and M2 in patients co-infected with HIV and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) using population pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis and compare these with model-based predictions from single-dose studies in subjects without TB."	( Confirming model-predicted pharmacokinetic interactions between bedaquiline and lopinavir/ritonavir or nevirapine in patients with HIV and drug-resistant tuberculosis. Brill, MJ; Karlsson, MO; Maartens, G; Pandie, M; Svensson, EM, 2017)	0.68
" The overall objective of this project was to develop separate physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) substrate models for the protease inhibitors darunavir and lopinavir."	( Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for Predicting the Effect of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors on Darunavir or Lopinavir Exposure Coadministered With Ritonavir. Arya, V; Au, S; Mullick, C; Struble, K; Wagner, C; Zhao, P, 2017)	0.86
"To develop a population pharmacokinetic model and identify sources of variability, genetic and nongenetic factors, of tenofovir."	( Pharmacogenetics-based population pharmacokinetic analysis of tenofovir in Thai HIV-infected patients. Avihingsanon, A; Burger, DM; Mitruk, S; Punyawudho, B; Rungtivasuwan, K; Ruxrungtham, K; Sukasem, C; Thammajaruk, N, 2017)	0.46
" A nonlinear mixed effects model was used to develop the population pharmacokinetic model and investigate the influence of these polymorphisms and other patient specific covariates on the pharmacokinetics of tenofovir."	( Pharmacogenetics-based population pharmacokinetic analysis of tenofovir in Thai HIV-infected patients. Avihingsanon, A; Burger, DM; Mitruk, S; Punyawudho, B; Rungtivasuwan, K; Ruxrungtham, K; Sukasem, C; Thammajaruk, N, 2017)	0.46
" A combined population pharmacokinetic model was developed to jointly describe the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir and ritonavir in 32 HIV-infected children (16 with MDR-TB receiving treatment with combinations of high-dose isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, ethionamide, terizidone, a fluoroquinolone, and amikacin and 16 without TB) who were established on a lopinavir-ritonavir-containing antiretroviral regimen."	( Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions of Lopinavir-Ritonavir Administered with First- and Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs in HIV-Infected Children Treated for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis. de Kock, M; Denti, P; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; McIlleron, H; Norman, J; Schaaf, HS; Tikiso, T; van der Laan, LE; Wiesner, L; Winckler, J, 2018)	0.95
" Covariates were screened to assess their influence on the pharmacokinetics of LPV, and the relationship between pharmacokinetic variability and treatment outcomes were assessed."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir in Severely Malnourished HIV-infected Children and the Effect on Treatment Outcomes. Archary, M; Bobat, R; Hennig, S; La Russa, P; Mcllleron, H; Sibaya, T; Wiesner, L, 2018)	0.77
" Pharmacokinetic exposure did not correlate with virologic outcomes or death at 12 or 48 weeks."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir in Severely Malnourished HIV-infected Children and the Effect on Treatment Outcomes. Archary, M; Bobat, R; Hennig, S; La Russa, P; Mcllleron, H; Sibaya, T; Wiesner, L, 2018)	0.77
" To provide insights into the complex mechanisms of absorption and disposition of TLC-ART101, we constructed novel mechanism-based pharmacokinetic (MBPK) models."	( Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic (MBPK) models describe the complex plasma kinetics of three antiretrovirals delivered by a long-acting anti-HIV drug combination nanoparticle formulation. Collier, AC; Collins, C; Ho, RJY; Kinman, L; Koehn, J; Kraft, JC; McConnachie, LA; Shen, DD; Sun, J, 2018)	0.48
"To evaluate the proportion of children with lopinavir Cmin ≥1 mg/L when receiving a novel 8-hourly lopinavir/ritonavir dosing strategy during rifampicin co-treatment."	( Pharmacokinetics of adjusted-dose 8-hourly lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected children co-treated with rifampicin. McIlleron, H; Rabie, H; Rawizza, H; Van Rie, A; Wiesner, L; Winckler, J; Zar, H; Zuidewind, P, 2019)	1.04
"HIV-infected children on lopinavir/ritonavir and rifampicin were enrolled in a prospective pharmacokinetic study."	( Pharmacokinetics of adjusted-dose 8-hourly lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected children co-treated with rifampicin. McIlleron, H; Rabie, H; Rawizza, H; Van Rie, A; Wiesner, L; Winckler, J; Zar, H; Zuidewind, P, 2019)	1.08
"A population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model for pretomanid was developed using data from 14 studies in the pretomanid development program: six phase 1 studies, six phase 2 studies, and two phase 3 studies."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of the Antituberculosis Agent Pretomanid. Everitt, D; Nedelman, JR; Salinger, DH; Subramoney, V, 2019)	0.51
" The objective of the study was to apply physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to predict optimal dosage regimens of quinine when coadministered with lopinavir/ritonavir in malaria and HIV coinfected patients with different conditions."	( Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for Optimal Dosage Prediction of Quinine Coadministered With Ritonavir-Boosted Lopinavir. Karbwang, J; Na-Bangchang, K; Rajoli, RKR; Saeheng, T; Siccardi, M, 2020)	0.96
"To evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetic profile of adjusted doses of darunavir/ritonavir with rifampicin."	( Pharmacokinetic profile and safety of adjusted doses of darunavir/ritonavir with rifampicin in people living with HIV. Ebrahim, I; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; Orrell, C; Smythe, W; Wiesner, L, 2020)	0.56
" Therefore, an intravenous study of TLC-ART 101 in nonhuman primates was conducted to elucidate the degree of association of drugs in vivo, estimate subcutaneous bioavailability, and refine a mechanism-based pharmacokinetic (MBPK2) model."	( Integration of Computational and Experimental Approaches to Elucidate Mechanisms of First-Pass Lymphatic Drug Sequestration and Long-Acting Pharmacokinetics of the Injectable Triple-HIV Drug Combination TLC-ART 101. Collier, AC; Ho, RJY; Kinman, L; Koehn, J; Lane, S; Lee, W; McConnachie, LA; Perazzolo, S; Shen, DD; Shireman, LM, 2020)	0.56
" A population pharmacokinetic meta-analysis was conducted using individual participant data from 10 studies with 6,100 lumefantrine concentrations from 793 nonpregnant adult participants (41% HIV-malaria-coinfected, 36% malaria-infected, 20% HIV-infected, and 3% healthy volunteers)."	( An Individual Participant Data Population Pharmacokinetic Meta-analysis of Drug-Drug Interactions between Lumefantrine and Commonly Used Antiretroviral Treatment. Aweeka, FT; Barnes, KI; Byakika-Kibwika, P; Bygbjerg, IC; Chijioke-Nwauche, I; Denti, P; Francis, J; Hoglund, RM; Khoo, SH; Kredo, T; Lamorde, M; Lemnge, MM; Merry, C; Nyagonde, N; Parikh, S; Scarsi, KK; Sutherland, CJ; Tarning, J; Vestergaard, LS; Walimbwa, SI; Workman, L, 2020)	0.56
"This study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetic profile of 150 mg rifabutin (RBT) taken every other day (every 48 h) versus 300 mg RBT taken every other day (E."	( Pharmacokinetic study of two different rifabutin doses co-administered with lopinavir/ritonavir in African HIV and tuberculosis co-infected adult patients. Cisse, K; Compaoré, TR; Diagbouga, S; Kouanda, S; Matteelli, A; Ouedraogo, HG; Regazzi, M; Roggi, A; Sangare, L; Simporé, J; Sulis, G; Tarnagda, G; Villani, P, 2020)	0.79
" Lopinavir and ritonavir pharmacokinetic parameters were determined after an intensive pharmacokinetic analysis."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir oral solution to treat COVID-19 in mechanically ventilated ICU patients. Bouadma, L; de Montmollin, E; Descamps, D; Jaquet, P; Kauv, J; Laouénan, C; Le Hingrat, Q; Lê, MP; Patrier, J; Peytavin, G; Sonneville, R; Timsit, JF; Veyrier, M; Visseaux, B; Wicky, PH, 2020)	1.79
" After the dose reduction to 400/100 mg q24h, lopinavir/ritonavir pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed in nine patients."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir oral solution to treat COVID-19 in mechanically ventilated ICU patients. Bouadma, L; de Montmollin, E; Descamps, D; Jaquet, P; Kauv, J; Laouénan, C; Le Hingrat, Q; Lê, MP; Patrier, J; Peytavin, G; Sonneville, R; Timsit, JF; Veyrier, M; Visseaux, B; Wicky, PH, 2020)	1.14
" However, it remains difficult to safely recommend its dose reduction without compromising the benefit of the antiviral strategy, and careful pharmacokinetic and toxicity monitoring are needed."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir oral solution to treat COVID-19 in mechanically ventilated ICU patients. Bouadma, L; de Montmollin, E; Descamps, D; Jaquet, P; Kauv, J; Laouénan, C; Le Hingrat, Q; Lê, MP; Patrier, J; Peytavin, G; Sonneville, R; Timsit, JF; Veyrier, M; Visseaux, B; Wicky, PH, 2020)	0.88
" This study evaluated S-warfarin limited sampling strategy with a population pharmacokinetic (PK) approach to estimate CYP2C9 activity in healthy adults."	( S-warfarin limited sampling strategy with a population pharmacokinetic approach to estimate exposure and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 activity in healthy adults. Bertino, JS; Capparelli, EV; Kashuba, ADM; Ma, JD; Nafziger, AN; Nikanjam, M; Tran, L; Turpault, S, 2021)	0.62
" A pooled population pharmacokinetic analysis with 744 plasma medroxyprogesterone acetate concentrations from 138 women treated with depot medroxyprogesterone and antiretroviral/antituberculosis treatment across three clinical trials was performed."	( A Semimechanistic Pharmacokinetic Model for Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and Drug-Drug Interactions With Antiretroviral and Antituberculosis Treatment. Cohn, SE; Denti, P; Dooley, KE; Firnhaber, C; Francis, J; Godfrey, C; Kendall, MA; McIlleron, H; Mngqibisa, R; Wu, X, 2021)	0.62
" Minimum duration of nonadherence resulting in a negative drug level test was assessed by simulation of treatment cessation using validated population pharmacokinetic models."	( Point-of-Care Detection of Nonadherence to Antiretroviral Treatment for HIV-1 in Resource-Limited Settings Using Drug Level Testing for Efavirenz, Lopinavir, and Dolutegravir: A Validation and Pharmacokinetic Simulation Study. Burger, DM; Heine, RT; Hermans, LE; Houts, T; Nijhuis, M; Schuurman, R; Tempelman, HA; Wensing, AMJ, 2021)	0.82
" Pooled LPV AUC12 (157 203 hours × ng/mL) and Ctrough (9876 ng/mL) were similar to historical controls; RBT AUC24 (7374 hours × ng/mL) and Ctrough (208 ng/mL) were higher, although 3 participants in arm C had RBT Cmax <250 ng/mL."	( Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Double-Dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir + Rifampin Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir + Daily Rifabutin for Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Tuberculosis Coinfection. Benson, CA; Cardoso, SW; Fletcher, CV; Ive, P; Kendall, MA; Lalloo, U; Podany, AT; Wu, X, 2021)	0.88
" Faster RBT clearance and low Cmax in 3 participants on RBT+RAL requires further study."	( Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Double-Dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir + Rifampin Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir + Daily Rifabutin for Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Tuberculosis Coinfection. Benson, CA; Cardoso, SW; Fletcher, CV; Ive, P; Kendall, MA; Lalloo, U; Podany, AT; Wu, X, 2021)	0.88
" We used physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to simulate the effect of inflammation on the pharmacokinetics of CYP3A metabolized drugs."	( Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling to Investigate the Impact of the Cytokine Storm on CYP3A Drug Pharmacokinetics in COVID-19 Patients. Battegay, M; Marzolini, C; Sendi, P; Stader, F, 2022)	0.72
"We previously developed a mechanism-based pharmacokinetic (MBPK) model to characterize the PK of a lymphocyte-targeted, long-acting 3 HIV drug-combination nanoparticle (DcNP) formulation of lopinavir, ritonavir, and tenofovir."	( Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of 3 HIV Drugs in Combination and the Role of Lymphatic System after Subcutaneous Dosing. Part 2: Model for the Drug-combination Nanoparticles. Ho, RJY; Perazzolo, S; Shen, DD, 2022)	0.91
" In stage 1, term neonates exposed to HIV on standard antiretroviral prophylaxis (nevirapine ± zidovudine) received single dose(s) of the 4-in-1 formulation, followed by intensive pharmacokinetic sampling and safety assessments."	( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of the Abacavir/Lamivudine/Lopinavir/Ritonavir Fixed-Dose Granule Formulation (4-in-1) in Neonates: PETITE Study. Andrieux-Meyer, I; Bekker, A; Capparelli, E; Cotton, MF; Cressey, R; Cressey, TR; du Toit, S; Groenewald, M; Kumar, M; Lallemant, M; Nielsen, J; Rabie, H; Salvadori, N; Than-In-At, K, 2022)	0.97
"Sixteen neonates, with a median (range) birth weight of 3130 g (2790-3590 g), completed 24 pharmacokinetic visits."	( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of the Abacavir/Lamivudine/Lopinavir/Ritonavir Fixed-Dose Granule Formulation (4-in-1) in Neonates: PETITE Study. Andrieux-Meyer, I; Bekker, A; Capparelli, E; Cotton, MF; Cressey, R; Cressey, TR; du Toit, S; Groenewald, M; Kumar, M; Lallemant, M; Nielsen, J; Rabie, H; Salvadori, N; Than-In-At, K, 2022)	0.97
"Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models have gained in popularity in the last decade in both drug development and regulatory science."	( A Comparative Analysis of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models for Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Tuberculosis Infections. Jacobs, BA; Mtshali, S, 2022)	0.72
"Therapy failure caused by complex population-drug-drug (PDDI) interactions including CYP3A4 can be predicted using mechanistic physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling."	( The investigation of the complex population-drug-drug interaction between ritonavir-boosted lopinavir and chloroquine or ivermectin using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling. Alsmadi, MM, 2023)	1.13
" This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic model of LPV/r and provide dosage optimization in Thai PLWH."	( Dose optimization with population pharmacokinetics of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir for Thai people living with HIV with and without active tuberculosis. Avihingsanon, A; Chaivichacharn, P; Gatechompol, S; Punyawudho, B; Ubolyam, S, 2022)	0.95
"The population pharmacokinetic model was developed by integrating the interaction between LPV and RTV."	( Dose optimization with population pharmacokinetics of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir for Thai people living with HIV with and without active tuberculosis. Avihingsanon, A; Chaivichacharn, P; Gatechompol, S; Punyawudho, B; Ubolyam, S, 2022)	0.95
" This study compared the bioequivalence and safety of 2 lopinavir/ritonavir (200/50 mg) formulations under fasted and fed conditions in healthy Chinese volunteers and compared the pharmacokinetic parameters of lopinavir and ritonavir."	( Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Bioequivalence of 2 Lopinavir/Ritonavir (200/50 mg) Tablets in Healthy Chinese Volunteers: Effect of Food on Absorption. Bao, D; Fu, W; Hu, W; Lin, L; Liu, Y; Zhang, Q; Zhang, W; Zheng, L, 2023)	1.41
" At steady state, 8-9 blood samples were taken to construct pharmacokinetic curves."	( First Pharmacokinetic Data of Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate and Tenofovir With Dolutegravir or Boosted Protease Inhibitors in African Children: A Substudy of the CHAPAS-4 Trial. Bamford, A; Burger, DM; Bwakura-Dangarembizi, M; Chabala, C; Colbers, A; Denti, P; Doerholt, K; Gibb, DM; Griffiths, AL; Makumbi, S; McIlleron, HM; Monkiewicz, LN; Mulenga, V; Mumbiro, V; Musiime, V; Nangiya, J; Szubert, AJ; Waalewijn, H; Wasmann, RE; Wiesner, L, 2023)	0.91
" For each combination, tenofovir GM (CV%) AUCtau and Cmax remained below reference values in adults taking 25 mg TAF with a boosted protease inhibitors."	( First Pharmacokinetic Data of Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate and Tenofovir With Dolutegravir or Boosted Protease Inhibitors in African Children: A Substudy of the CHAPAS-4 Trial. Bamford, A; Burger, DM; Bwakura-Dangarembizi, M; Chabala, C; Colbers, A; Denti, P; Doerholt, K; Gibb, DM; Griffiths, AL; Makumbi, S; McIlleron, HM; Monkiewicz, LN; Mulenga, V; Mumbiro, V; Musiime, V; Nangiya, J; Szubert, AJ; Waalewijn, H; Wasmann, RE; Wiesner, L, 2023)	0.91
" The present analysis aims to evaluate LPV levels in individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 versus people living with HIV (PLWH) by developing a population pharmacokinetic (popPK) model, while characterizing external and patient-related factors that might affect LPV exposure along with dose-response association."	( Population pharmacokinetic analysis of lopinavir in HIV negative individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2: a COPEP (COronavirus Post-Exposure Prophylaxis) sub-study. Andre, P; Buclin, T; Calmy, A; Decosterd, LA; Delfraysse, M; Fedeli, C; Guidi, M; Thoueille, P; Ustero, P, 2023)	1.18

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"0 microM) were marginal and are not likely to produce clinically significant drug-drug interactions."	( Potent inhibition of the cytochrome P-450 3A-mediated human liver microsomal metabolism of a novel HIV protease inhibitor by ritonavir: A positive drug-drug interaction. Dykstra, J; Granneman, GR; Hickman, D; Jayanti, VK; Kumar, GN; Roberts, EM; Surber, B; Thomas, S; Uchic, J; Yao, Y, 1999)	0.3
"The steady-state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of two oral doses of lopinavir-ritonavir (lopinavir/r; 400/100 and 533/133 mg) twice daily (BID) when dosed in combination with efavirenz, plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, were assessed in a phase II, open-label, randomized, parallel arm study in 57 multiple protease inhibitor-experienced but non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects."	( Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis of lopinavir-ritonavir in combination with efavirenz and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in extensively pretreated human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Bernstein, B; Bertz, R; Brun, S; Foit, C; Granneman, GR; Hsu, A; Isaacson, J; Kempf, DJ; King, M; Lam, W; Richards, B; Rode, R; Rynkiewicz, K; Sun, E, 2003)	0.81
"We describe a drug-drug interaction between coformulated lopinavir/ritonavir and itraconazole in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 who had disseminated histoplasmosis."	( Drug-drug interaction between itraconazole and the antiretroviral drug lopinavir/ritonavir in an HIV-1-infected patient with disseminated histoplasmosis. Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Mulder, JW; Schellens, JH; Sparidans, RW, 2004)	0.8
" In the present study, two adjusted-dose regimens of lopinavir-ritonavir were tested in combination with rifampin."	( Pharmacokinetics of adjusted-dose lopinavir-ritonavir combined with rifampin in healthy volunteers. Bertz, R; Boeree, MJ; Burger, DM; Colbers, EP; Hekster, YA; Koopmans, PP; la Porte, CJ; Voncken, DS; Wikstrom, K, 2004)	0.85
" The tissue distribution of radioactivity was examined in rats dosed with [14C]lopinavir in combination with ritonavir."	( Metabolism and disposition of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor lopinavir (ABT-378) given in combination with ritonavir in rats, dogs, and humans. Denissen, JF; Grabowski, BA; Jayanti, VK; Johnson, MK; Kempf, DJ; Kumar, GN; Lee, RD; Marsh, KC; Roberts, SA; Sham, HL; Sun, E; Thomas, S; Uchic, J, 2004)	0.79
"To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir in combination with ritonavir, in which the interaction between both drugs was characterized, and in which relationships between patient characteristics and pharmacokinetics were identified."	( Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with ritonavir in HIV-1-infected patients. Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Kappelhoff, BS; Mairuhu, AT; Meenhorst, PL; Mulder, JW; van Gorp, EC, 2005)	0.87
" Fosamprenavir-ritonavir has shown similar efficacy and safety to lopinavir-ritonavir when each is combined with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors."	( The KLEAN study of fosamprenavir-ritonavir versus lopinavir-ritonavir, each in combination with abacavir-lamivudine, for initial treatment of HIV infection over 48 weeks: a randomised non-inferiority trial. DeJesus, E; Eron, J; Estrada, V; Gathe, J; Katlama, C; Lackey, P; Patel, L; Shaefer, M; Staszewski, S; Sutherland-Phillips, D; Vavro, C; Wannamaker, P; Yau, L; Yeni, P; Yeo, J; Young, B, 2006)	0.82
"Fosamprenavir-ritonavir twice daily in treatment-naive patients provides similar antiviral efficacy, safety, tolerability, and emergence of resistance as lopinavir-ritonavir, each in combination with abacavir-lamivudine."	( The KLEAN study of fosamprenavir-ritonavir versus lopinavir-ritonavir, each in combination with abacavir-lamivudine, for initial treatment of HIV infection over 48 weeks: a randomised non-inferiority trial. DeJesus, E; Eron, J; Estrada, V; Gathe, J; Katlama, C; Lackey, P; Patel, L; Shaefer, M; Staszewski, S; Sutherland-Phillips, D; Vavro, C; Wannamaker, P; Yau, L; Yeni, P; Yeo, J; Young, B, 2006)	0.78
" Together, these in vitro results indicate that combination with other antiretrovirals does not significantly increase the toxic potential of TFV in RPTECs."	( In vitro cytotoxicity and mitochondrial toxicity of tenofovir alone and in combination with other antiretrovirals in human renal proximal tubule cells. Alvarez, ML; Cihlar, T; Cordobilla, B; Domingo, JC; Domingo, P; Giralt, M; Guallar, J; López-Dupla, M; Sánchez de la Rosa, R; Saumoy, M; Torres, F; Vidal, F; Villarroya, F, 2006)	0.33
" When brecanavir was tested in combination with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, the antiviral activity of brecanavir was synergistic with the effects of stavudine and additive to the effects of zidovudine, tenofovir, dideoxycytidine, didanosine, adefovir, abacavir, lamivudine, and emtricitabine."	( In vitro antiviral activity of the novel, tyrosyl-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 protease inhibitor brecanavir (GW640385) in combination with other antiretrovirals and against a panel of protease inhibitor-resistant HIV. Boone, L; Craig, C; Ferris, R; Furfine, E; Griffin, P; Hale, M; Hanlon, M; Harvey, R; Hazen, R; Kaldor, I; Miller, J; Ray, J; Samano, V; Spaltenstein, A; St Clair, M; Tung, R; Yates, P, 2007)	0.34
"Our objective was to identify possible differences in protease inhibitor plasma concentrations between and within three protease inhibitor regimens (indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir all in combination with low-dose ritonavir) and to relate these differences to safety and efficacy."	( Pharmacokinetics of two randomized trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir in combination with low-dose ritonavir: the MaxCmin1 and 2 trials. Cahn, P; Castagna, A; Clumeck, N; Dragsted, UB; Fox, Z; Gerstoft, J; Justesen, US; Losso, M; Lundgren, JD; Obel, N; Pedersen, C; Peters, B, 2007)	0.75
"7-fold in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir."	( Drug/Drug interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and rosuvastatin in healthy volunteers. Flynn, DM; Gerber, JG; Hoody, DW; Kiser, JJ; Predhomme, JA; Wolfe, P, 2008)	0.93
"HIV-1-infected men enrolled in the Monark randomized trial were eligible for the present study after 48 weeks of a first-line lopinavir/ritonavir alone or in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine."	( Absence of HIV-1 shedding in male genital tract after 1 year of first-line lopinavir/ritonavir alone or in combination with zidovudine/lamivudine. Bresson, JL; Chaix, ML; Cohen-Codar, I; Delfraissy, JF; Galimand, J; Ghosn, J; Girard, PM; Peytavin, G; Raffi, F; Rouzioux, C, 2008)	0.78
" Patients with HIV may also have simultaneous chronic medical conditions, resulting in the possibility of complex drug-drug interactions."	( Possible antiretroviral therapy-warfarin drug interaction. Fulco, PP; Higginson, RT; Zingone, MM, 2008)	0.35
"In this open-label, international non-inferiority study, 883 antiretroviral-naive, HIV-1-infected patients were randomly assigned to receive atazanavir/ritonavir 300/100 mg once daily (n=440) or lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100 mg twice daily (n=443), in combination with fixed-dose tenofovir/emtricitabine 300/200 mg once daily."	( Once-daily atazanavir/ritonavir versus twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir, each in combination with tenofovir and emtricitabine, for management of antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients: 48 week efficacy and safety results of the CASTLE study. Andrade-Villanueva, J; Chetchotisakd, P; Corral, J; David, N; Echevarria, J; Mancini, M; McGrath, D; Molina, JM; Moyle, G; Percival, L; Thiry, A; Yang, R, 2008)	0.79
" These mt-QSARs offer also a good opportunity to construct drug-drug Complex Networks (CNs) that can be used to explore large and complex drug-viral species databases."	( Unified QSAR approach to antimicrobials. 4. Multi-target QSAR modeling and comparative multi-distance study of the giant components of antiviral drug-drug complex networks. Chou, KC; González-Díaz, H; Martinez de la Vega, O; Prado-Prado, FJ; Ubeira, FM; Uriarte, E, 2009)	0.35
"A total of 191 patients were randomized 2:2:2:1 to one of three APL dosing regimens or to lamivudine (3TC)/zidovudine (ZDV) twice daily (bid), each in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) 400 mg/100 mg bid."	( Antiviral activity and safety of aplaviroc, a CCR5 antagonist, in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected, therapy-naïve patients: results of the EPIC study (CCR100136). Adkison, KK; Berger, D; Bonny, T; Cimoch, P; Lamarca, A; Lazzarin, A; Madison, SJ; McCarty, D; Millard, J; Nichols, WG; Salvato, P; Smaill, FM; Teofilo, E; Yeni, P, 2009)	0.77
"The KLEAN study extension assessed the long-term efficacy and safety of fosamprenavir-ritonavir (FPV/r) and lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r), both administered with abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC) fixed dose combination, over 144 weeks."	( Long-term efficacy and safety of fosamprenavir plus ritonavir versus lopinavir/ritonavir in combination with abacavir/lamivudine over 144 weeks. Baril, JG; Duiculescu, D; Estrada, V; Lim, ML; Logue, K; Pharo, C; Plettenberg, A; Pulido, F; Schewe, K; Vavro, C; Yau, L, )	0.58
"The findings of the KLEAN study extension (48 to 144 weeks) support durable viral suppression with both FPV/r and LPV/r treatment regimens when used in combination with ABC/3TC irrespective of viral load at baseline."	( Long-term efficacy and safety of fosamprenavir plus ritonavir versus lopinavir/ritonavir in combination with abacavir/lamivudine over 144 weeks. Baril, JG; Duiculescu, D; Estrada, V; Lim, ML; Logue, K; Pharo, C; Plettenberg, A; Pulido, F; Schewe, K; Vavro, C; Yau, L, )	0.37
"Similar virological efficacy was observed for efavirenz and lopinavir/r, when administered with Kivexa in antiretroviral-naïve patients, while immunological improvement was slightly superior for efavirenz."	( Similar antiviral efficacy and tolerability between efavirenz and lopinavir/ritonavir, administered with abacavir/lamivudine (Kivexa), in antiretroviral-naïve patients: a 48-week, multicentre, randomized study (Lake Study). Bravo, I; Carosi, G; Clotet, B; del Arco, A; Echeverría, P; Gálvez, J; Gómez, JL; López, JC; López-Blazquez, R; Mariño, A; Moreno, A; Negredo, E; Ocampo, A; Pedrol, E; Pérez-Alvarez, N; Portilla, J; Prieto, A; Rubio, R; Viladés, C, 2010)	0.84
"International, multicenter, open-label, 96-week noninferiority randomized trial of atazanavir/ritonavir 300/100 mg once daily vs lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100 mg twice daily, each in combination with fixed-dose tenofovir/emtricitabine 300/200 mg once daily, in antiretroviral-naive, HIV-1-infected patients."	( Once-daily atazanavir/ritonavir compared with twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir, each in combination with tenofovir and emtricitabine, for management of antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients: 96-week efficacy and safety results of the CASTLE study. Absalon, J; Andrade-Villanueva, J; Chetchotisakd, P; Corral, J; David, N; Echevarria, J; Lataillade, M; Mancini, M; McGrath, D; Molina, JM; Moyle, G; Percival, L; Wirtz, V; Yang, R, 2010)	0.81
"Increasing the ritonavir dose to achieve a lopinavir/ritonavir ratio of 1:1 when given in combination with rifampicin-based TB treatment did not completely compensate for the enhancement of lopinavir CL/F caused by rifampicin."	( Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with rifampicin-based antitubercular treatment in HIV-infected South African children. Elsherbiny, D; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; Ren, Y; Simonsson, US, 2010)	0.91
" The lopinavir/ritonavir dose of 500/125 mg bid administered with efavirenz most closely approximates the pharmacokinetic exposure of lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100 mg bid administered alone."	( Pharmacokinetics and safety of the lopinavir/ritonavir tablet 500/125 mg twice daily coadministered with efavirenz in healthy adult participants. Awni, W; Bernstein, B; Causemaker, SJ; Chiu, YL; Klein, CE; Ng, J, 2012)	1.17
" The aim of this study was to develop an integrated population pharmacokinetic model accounting for the drug-drug interactions between lopinavir, ritonavir and rifampicin, and to evaluate optimal doses of lopinavir/ritonavir when co-administered with rifampicin."	( Model-based approach to dose optimization of lopinavir/ritonavir when co-administered with rifampicin. Decloedt, E; Denti, P; Karlsson, MO; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; Simonsson, US; Zhang, C, 2012)	0.84
"The model describes the drug-drug interactions between lopinavir, ritonavir and rifampicin in adults."	( Model-based approach to dose optimization of lopinavir/ritonavir when co-administered with rifampicin. Decloedt, E; Denti, P; Karlsson, MO; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; Simonsson, US; Zhang, C, 2012)	0.89
" Mean plasma concentration-time profiles for atazanavir, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC), darunavir (DRV, administered with ritonavir [RTV]), and drospirenone/ethinylestradiol were similar following co-administration of GSK2248761."	( Drug interaction profile for GSK2248761, a next generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. de Serres, M; Gould, E; Johnson, M; Kim, J; Lou, Y; Mayers, D; Pietropaolo, K; Piscitelli, S; White, S; Zhou, XJ, 2012)	0.38
"The hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) influence the pharmacokinetics of several drug classes and are involved in many clinical drug-drug interactions."	( Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions. Artursson, P; Haglund, U; Karlgren, M; Kimoto, E; Lai, Y; Norinder, U; Vildhede, A; Wisniewski, JR, 2012)	0.38
"To explore the durability of three first-line tenofovir/emtricitabine-based regimens in combination with atazanavir/ritonavir, efavirenz or lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected patients."	( Duration of first-line antiretroviral therapy with tenofovir and emtricitabine combined with atazanavir/ritonavir, efavirenz or lopinavir/ritonavir in the Italian ARCA cohort. Borghi, V; Capetti, A; Cicconi, P; Di Biagio, A; Di Giambenedetto, S; Francisci, D; Giacometti, A; Giannarelli, D; Maggiolo, F; Monno, L; Penco, G; Prinapori, R; Sterrantino, G; Zoncada, A, 2013)	0.8
" As adult studies cannot reliably predict their magnitude in children, drug-drug interactions should be evaluated in paediatric patient populations."	( Model-based evaluation of the pharmacokinetic differences between adults and children for lopinavir and ritonavir in combination with rifampicin. Decloedt, EH; Denti, P; Karlsson, MO; McIlleron, H; Ren, Y; Zhang, C, 2013)	0.61
" The objective of this study was to compare changes in body composition between ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r) and ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r) over 96 weeks using data from a substudy of CASTLE, which compared once-daily ATV/r with twice-daily LPV/r, both in combination with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine in treatment-naïve patients with HIV-1 infection."	( Comparison of body composition changes between atazanavir/ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir each in combination with tenofovir/emtricitabine in antiretroviral-naïve patients with HIV-1 infection. DeGrosky, M; Farajallah, A; Hardy, H; McGrath, D; Moyle, GJ, 2014)	0.84
"We conducted an open-label, steady-state pharmacokinetic (PK) study of drug-drug interactions between depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and twice-daily lopinavir (LPV) plus low-dose ritonavir (RTV) (LPV/r) among 24 HIV-infected women and compared the results to those for HIV-infected women receiving DMPA while on no antiretroviral therapy or on nucleosides only (n = 14 subjects from the control arm of AIDS Clinical Trials Group [ACTG] study 5093)."	( Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate in combination with a twice-daily lopinavir-ritonavir-based regimen in HIV-infected women showed effective contraception and a lack of clinically significant interactions, with good safety and tolerability: results of the Aweeka, F; Cohn, SE; Cramer, Y; Klingman, KL; Livingston, E; Luque, AE; Park, JG; Watts, DH; Weinberg, A, 2015)	0.85
" Single-dose drug-drug interaction studies found no significant interactions with nevirapine or lopinavir/ritonavir, but these findings could be misleading, especially because of bedaquiline's long terminal t1/2."	( Drug-drug interactions between bedaquiline and the antiretrovirals lopinavir/ritonavir and nevirapine in HIV-infected patients with drug-resistant TB. Conradie, F; Hughes, J; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; Pandie, M; Siwendu, S; Variava, E; Wiesner, L, 2016)	0.89
" We describe the pharmacokinetics of and potential drug-drug interactions between lopinavir-ritonavir and drugs routinely used for MDR-TB treatment in HIV-infected children."	( Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions of Lopinavir-Ritonavir Administered with First- and Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs in HIV-Infected Children Treated for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis. de Kock, M; Denti, P; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; McIlleron, H; Norman, J; Schaaf, HS; Tikiso, T; van der Laan, LE; Wiesner, L; Winckler, J, 2018)	0.96
"To assess the potential of second-generation proteasome inhibition by carfilzomib and its combination with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors (HIV-PIs) lopinavir and nelfinavir in vitro for improved treatment of clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC)."	( Improving the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma by combination with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-protease inhibitors lopinavir or nelfinavir. Abt, D; Bader, J; Besse, A; Besse, L; Driessen, C; Engeler, DS; Kraus, M; Schmid, HP; Sedlarikova, L; Silzle, T; Slaby, O; Vodinska, M, 2018)	0.87
" A single subcutaneous (SC) injection of this first-generation formulation of drug combination nanoparticles (DcNPs), named TLC-ART101, provided persistent ARV levels in macaque lymph node mononuclear cells (LNMCs) for at least 1 week, and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma for at least 2 weeks, demonstrating long-acting pharmacokinetics for all three drugs."	( Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic (MBPK) models describe the complex plasma kinetics of three antiretrovirals delivered by a long-acting anti-HIV drug combination nanoparticle formulation. Collier, AC; Collins, C; Ho, RJY; Kinman, L; Koehn, J; Kraft, JC; McConnachie, LA; Shen, DD; Sun, J, 2018)	0.48
"The coformulated lopinavir/ritonavir significantly reduces quinine concentration in healthy volunteers due to potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs)."	( Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for Optimal Dosage Prediction of Quinine Coadministered With Ritonavir-Boosted Lopinavir. Karbwang, J; Na-Bangchang, K; Rajoli, RKR; Saeheng, T; Siccardi, M, 2020)	1.1
"TLC-ART101 is a long-acting triple-HIV drug combination of lopinavir-ritonavir-tenofovir in one nanosuspension intended for subcutaneous injection."	( Integration of Computational and Experimental Approaches to Elucidate Mechanisms of First-Pass Lymphatic Drug Sequestration and Long-Acting Pharmacokinetics of the Injectable Triple-HIV Drug Combination TLC-ART 101. Collier, AC; Ho, RJY; Kinman, L; Koehn, J; Lane, S; Lee, W; McConnachie, LA; Perazzolo, S; Shen, DD; Shireman, LM, 2020)	0.8
"Treating malaria in HIV-coinfected individuals should consider potential drug-drug interactions."	( An Individual Participant Data Population Pharmacokinetic Meta-analysis of Drug-Drug Interactions between Lumefantrine and Commonly Used Antiretroviral Treatment. Aweeka, FT; Barnes, KI; Byakika-Kibwika, P; Bygbjerg, IC; Chijioke-Nwauche, I; Denti, P; Francis, J; Hoglund, RM; Khoo, SH; Kredo, T; Lamorde, M; Lemnge, MM; Merry, C; Nyagonde, N; Parikh, S; Scarsi, KK; Sutherland, CJ; Tarning, J; Vestergaard, LS; Walimbwa, SI; Workman, L, 2020)	0.56
"D), both in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), in adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection."	( Pharmacokinetic study of two different rifabutin doses co-administered with lopinavir/ritonavir in African HIV and tuberculosis co-infected adult patients. Cisse, K; Compaoré, TR; Diagbouga, S; Kouanda, S; Matteelli, A; Ouedraogo, HG; Regazzi, M; Roggi, A; Sangare, L; Simporé, J; Sulis, G; Tarnagda, G; Villani, P, 2020)	1.08
"This study confirmed that the 150 mg dose of rifabutin ingested EOD in combination with LPV/r is inadequate and could lead to selection of rifamycin-resistant mycobacteria."	( Pharmacokinetic study of two different rifabutin doses co-administered with lopinavir/ritonavir in African HIV and tuberculosis co-infected adult patients. Cisse, K; Compaoré, TR; Diagbouga, S; Kouanda, S; Matteelli, A; Ouedraogo, HG; Regazzi, M; Roggi, A; Sangare, L; Simporé, J; Sulis, G; Tarnagda, G; Villani, P, 2020)	0.79
" We confirmed that ATV inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication, alone or in combination with ritonavir (RTV) in Vero cells and a human pulmonary epithelial cell line."	( Atazanavir, Alone or in Combination with Ritonavir, Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Proinflammatory Cytokine Production. Alves, CR; Bozza, FA; Bozza, PT; Cardoso Soares, V; Carels, N; da Silva Gomes Dias, S; de Freitas, CS; Ferreira, AC; Fintelman-Rodrigues, N; Matos, AR; Mattos, M; Miranda, MD; Ribeiro Lima, C; Sacramento, CQ; Siqueira, MM; Souza da Silva, F; Souza, TML; Temerozo, JR, 2020)	0.56
" This potent, time-dependent interference of major hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes by ritonavir leads to several clinically important drug-drug interactions."	( Lopinavir-Ritonavir in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Drug-Drug Interactions with Cardioactive Medications. Agarwal, S; Agarwal, SK, 2021)	2.06
"Patients hospitalised with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19)] infection are frequently older with co-morbidities and receiving polypharmacy, all of which are known risk factors for drug-drug interactions (DDIs)."	( Drug-Drug Interactions and Prescription Appropriateness in Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis from a Reference Hospital in Northern Italy. Antinori, S; Bradanini, L; Cattaneo, D; Covizzi, A; Gervasoni, C; Giacomelli, A; Maggioni, AP; Oreni, L; Pasina, L; Ridolfo, A; Schiuma, M, 2020)	0.56
"The impact of drug-drug interactions (DDI) between ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV-r) to treat patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and commonly used drugs in clinical practice is not well-known."	( High rate of major drug-drug interactions of lopinavir-ritonavir for COVID-19 treatment. Contreras-Macias, E; Corma, A; Fernández-Fuertes, M; González-Serna, A; Gutierrez-Pizarraya, A; Lao-Dominguez, FA; Macías, J; Morillo-Verdugo, R; Pineda, JA; Pinilla, A; Real, LM; Trigo, M, 2020)	1.05
" The objective of this study was to analyse the potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) derived from the medication used in COVID-19 patients in the first pandemic wave and to evaluate the real consequences of such interactions in clinical practice."	( Real-world prevalence and consequences of potential drug-drug interactions in the first-wave COVID-19 treatments. Álvarez-Payero, M; Casanova-Martínez, C; Castro-Núñez, I; García-Beloso, N; González-Costas, S; Inaraja-Bobo, MT; Leboreiro-Enríquez, B; López-López, A; Lorenzo-Lorenzo, K; Martínez-López-de-Castro, N; Martínez-Reglero, C; Otero-Millán, L; Paradela-Carreiro, A; Pérez-Landeiro, A; Piñeiro-Corrales, G; Regueira-Arcay, AM; Robles-Torres, D; Samartín-Ucha, M; Vázquez-López, C; Yaiza Romero-Ventosa, E, 2021)	0.62
" To fight against COVID-19 in a more efficient way, drug-drug or drug-herb combinations are frequently used in clinical settings."	( Inhibition of drug-metabolizing enzymes by Qingfei Paidu decoction: Implication of herb-drug interactions in COVID-19 pharmacotherapy. Chen, HZ; Ge, GB; Huang, J; Liang, XM; Liu, W; Liu, YF; Tu, DZ; Wang, CR; Yang, L; Zhang, F; Zhang, WD, 2021)	0.62
"This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of lopinavir-ritonavir alone or combined with arbidol in the treatment of hospitalized patients with common coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)."	( Lopinavir-ritonavir alone or combined with arbidol in the treatment of 73 hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A pilot retrospective study. Lan, X; Shao, C; Wu, Z; Xu, Y; Zeng, X, 2021)	2.31
"No benefit was observed in the antiviral effect of lopinavir-ritonavir combined with arbidol compared with lopinavir-ritonavir alone in the hospitalized patients with COVID-19."	( Lopinavir-ritonavir alone or combined with arbidol in the treatment of 73 hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A pilot retrospective study. Lan, X; Shao, C; Wu, Z; Xu, Y; Zeng, X, 2021)	2.32
" However, management of acute seizures in patients with COVID-19 as well as management of PWE and COVID-19 needs to consider potential drug-drug interactions between antiseizure drugs and candidate drugs currently assessed as therapeutic options for COVID-19."	( Management of COVID-19 in patients with seizures: Mechanisms of action of potential COVID-19 drug treatments and consideration for potential drug-drug interactions with anti-seizure medications. Chandra, PP; Jain, S; Potschka, H; Tripathi, M; Vohora, D, 2021)	0.62
"Primary aim was to assess prevalence and severity of potential and real drug-drug interactions (DDIs) among therapies for COVID-19 and concomitant medications in hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection."	( Drug-drug interactions between treatment specific pharmacotherapy and concomitant medication in patients with COVID-19 in the first wave in Spain. Cantudo-Cuenca, MD; Contreras-Macías, E; Fernández-Fuertes, M; Gutiérrez-Pizarraya, A; Lao-Domínguez, FA; Macías, J; Morillo-Verdugo, R; Pineda, JA; Pinilla-Fernández, A; Rincón, P, 2021)	0.62
" As medroxyprogesterone acetate is a cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) substrate, drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with antiretroviral or antituberculosis treatment may lead to subtherapeutic medroxyprogesterone acetate concentrations (< 0."	( A Semimechanistic Pharmacokinetic Model for Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and Drug-Drug Interactions With Antiretroviral and Antituberculosis Treatment. Cohn, SE; Denti, P; Dooley, KE; Firnhaber, C; Francis, J; Godfrey, C; Kendall, MA; McIlleron, H; Mngqibisa, R; Wu, X, 2021)	0.62
"To review the drug-drug interactions between tacrolimus and lopinavir/ritonavir in 23 patients who received solid organ transplant during the first wave of COVID-19 and to determine the efficacy as well as safety of prednisone monotherapy."	( Drug-drug interactions of ritonavir-boosted SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitors in solid organ transplant recipients: experience from the initial use of lopinavir-ritonavir. Ambrosioni, J; Arranz, N; Bodro, M; Brunet, M; Castel, MÁ; Cofan, F; Crespo, G; Diekmann, F; Farrero, M; Forner, A; Gonzalez-García, R; LLigoña, A; Marcos, MÁ; Miró, JM; Moreno, A; Rodríguez-García, M; Roma, JR; Ruiz, P; Soy, D; Tuset, M, 2023)	1.35
"Previous use of a mechanistic static model to accurately quantify the increased rosuvastatin exposure due to drug-drug interaction (DDI) with coadministered atazanavir underpredicted the magnitude of area under the plasma concentration-time curve ratio (AUCR) based on inhibition of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1."	( Mechanistic in vitro studies indicate that the clinical drug-drug interactions between protease inhibitors and rosuvastatin are driven by inhibition of intestinal BCRP and hepatic OATP1B1 with minimal contribution from OATP1B3, NTCP and OAT3. Atkinson, H; Coghlan, H; Edgerton, J; Elsby, R; Hodgson, D; Outteridge, S, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The model parameters volume of distribution and absorption rate constant were 61."	( Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with ritonavir in HIV-1-infected patients. Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Kappelhoff, BS; Mairuhu, AT; Meenhorst, PL; Mulder, JW; van Gorp, EC, 2005)	0.61
"9 L), absorption rate constant (0."	( No significant influence of saquinavir hard-gel capsule administration on pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with ritonavir: a population approach. Allavena, C; Dailly, E; Gagnieu, MC; Jolliet, P; Raffi, F, 2005)	0.55
" The fexofenadine AUC(infinity) was increased by lopinavir/ritonavir, likely due to increased bioavailability secondary to P-glycoprotein inhibition."	( Time-dependent interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and fexofenadine. Bourbeau, M; Cameron, DW; Campbell, P; Chauhan, BM; Foster, BC; Seguin, I; van Heeswijk, RP, 2006)	0.87
"Lopinavir, an HIV protease inhibitor, is coformulated with ritonavir to enhance the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of lopinavir."	( The tablet formulation of lopinavir/ritonavir provides similar bioavailability to the soft-gelatin capsule formulation with less pharmacokinetic variability and diminished food effect. Awni, W; Breitenbach, J; Brun, SC; Chiu, YL; Doan, T; Hanna, GJ; Heuser, RS; Klein, CE; Morris, JB; Zhu, T, 2007)	2.08
" In conclusion, this study presents direct evidence that LVR is effluxed by both P-gp and MRP2 which may contribute to its poor oral bioavailability and limited penetration into the CNS."	( Both P-gp and MRP2 mediate transport of Lopinavir, a protease inhibitor. Agarwal, S; Mitra, AK; Pal, D, 2007)	0.61
"This investigation was carried out to evaluate the bioavailability of a new single fixed-dose combination formulation of lopinavir and ritonavir, relative to reference product, Kaletra (133."	( A bioequivalence study comparing two formulations of lopinavir/ritonavir capsules. Gurule, S; Khuroo, AH; Lao, VK; Mishra, S; Monif, T; Raghuvanshi, R; Thudi, NR; Tippabhotla, SK, 2008)	0.8
" The results indicated that lopinavir bioavailability was not affected by the coadministration of omeprazole or ranitidine."	( Effects of acid-reducing agents on the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir. Beck, K; Cai, Y; Causemaker, SJ; Chiu, YL; Doan, T; Esslinger, HU; Hanna, GJ; King, KR; Klein, CE; Podsadecki, TJ, 2008)	0.88
"In this study, we explored the bioavailability in dogs and chemical potency of generic ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir tablet products manufactured by various pharmaceutical companies."	( Bioavailability of generic ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir tablet products in a dog model. Garren, KW; Marsh, K; Morris, JB; Rahim, S, 2010)	0.84
" Modification of the core regiochemistry and stereochemistry significantly affected the potency, metabolic stability, and oral bioavailability of the inhibitors, as did the variation of a pendent arylmethyl P3 group."	( 2-Pyridyl P1'-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (A-792611 and A-790742) with potential for convenient dosing and reduced side effects. Chen, HJ; Colletti, L; Degoey, DA; Dekhtyar, T; Flentge, CA; Flosi, WJ; Grampovnik, DJ; Kati, WM; Kempf, DJ; Klein, LL; Mamo, M; Marsh, KC; Mo, H; Molla, A; Morfitt, DC; Nguyen, B; Randolph, JT; Schmidt, JM; Stoll, V; Swanson, SJ; Yeung, CM, 2009)	0.35
" The ritonavir dose-dependence of boosting effects did not correlate with their bioavailability or their effects on ritonavir plasma levels."	( How much ritonavir is needed to boost protease inhibitors? Systematic review of 17 dose-ranging pharmacokinetic trials. Boffito, M; Hill, A; Sawyer, W; van der Lugt, J, 2009)	0.35
" Meltrex) have proven to be a promising formulation tool for poorly water-soluble and poorly bioavailable drugs."	( In situ formation of nanoparticles upon dispersion of melt extrudate formulations in aqueous medium assessed by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation. Brandl, M; Fricker, G; Hölig, P; Hupfeld, S; Kanzer, J; Mägerlein, M; Tho, I; Vasskog, T, 2010)	0.36
" We also evaluated whether ritonavir increases lopinavir oral bioavailability by inhibition of CYP3A, ABCB1 and/or ABCC2."	( Effects of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) and the drug transporters P-glycoprotein (MDR1/ABCB1) and MRP2 (ABCC2) on the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir. Beijnen, JH; Huitema, AD; Rooswinkel, RW; Schinkel, AH; ter Heine, R; van der Kruijssen, CM; van Waterschoot, RA; Wagenaar, E, 2010)	0.82
" Both intestinal and hepatic CYP3A activity contributed importantly to low oral bioavailability of lopinavir."	( Effects of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) and the drug transporters P-glycoprotein (MDR1/ABCB1) and MRP2 (ABCC2) on the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir. Beijnen, JH; Huitema, AD; Rooswinkel, RW; Schinkel, AH; ter Heine, R; van der Kruijssen, CM; van Waterschoot, RA; Wagenaar, E, 2010)	0.78
" The percentage bioavailability was significantly enhanced."	( Lopinavir loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) for intestinal lymphatic targeting. Aji Alex, MR; Chacko, AJ; Jose, S; Souto, EB, 2011)	1.81
"0%), and the apparent volume of distribution and absorption rate constant were 55."	( Sequential population pharmacokinetic modeling of lopinavir and ritonavir in healthy volunteers and assessment of different dosing strategies. Aarons, L; Back, D; Boffito, M; Davies, G; Dickinson, L; Else, L; Khoo, S; Moyle, G; Pozniak, A; von Hentig, N, 2011)	0.62
" Overall, compound 13 demonstrated the best balance of potency against drug resistant strains of HIV and oral bioavailability in pharmacokinetic studies."	( P1-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with potent antiviral activity against drug-resistant viruses. Chen, HJ; Degoey, DA; Dekhtyar, T; Flosi, WJ; Grampovnik, DJ; Kempf, DJ; Klein, LL; Mamo, M; Molla, A; Stoll, V, 2011)	0.37
" LPV alone suffers the poor bioavailability due to its rapid and extensive metabolism."	( CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir. Li, F; Lu, J; Ma, X, 2012)	0.72
" Although lopinavir (tablet) exposures were reduced during the third trimester, the higher total and unbound concentrations achieved in women receiving the tablet than in women receiving the SGC suggest that the tablet's improved oral bioavailability may partly compensate for the reduction in lopinavir exposure during the later stages of pregnancy."	( Improved oral bioavailability of lopinavir in melt-extruded tablet formulation reduces impact of third trimester on lopinavir plasma concentrations. Back, DJ; Dickinson, L; Douglas, M; Else, LJ; Khoo, SH; Taylor, GP, 2012)	1.06
" Rifampicin reduced the oral bioavailability of lopinavir and ritonavir by 20% and 45% respectively, and it increased their clearance by 71% and 36% respectively."	( Model-based approach to dose optimization of lopinavir/ritonavir when co-administered with rifampicin. Decloedt, E; Denti, P; Karlsson, MO; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; Simonsson, US; Zhang, C, 2012)	0.89
" The higher trough concentrations observed in the morning were explained by both higher bioavailability with the evening meal and lower clearance overnight."	( Model-based approach to dose optimization of lopinavir/ritonavir when co-administered with rifampicin. Decloedt, E; Denti, P; Karlsson, MO; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; Simonsson, US; Zhang, C, 2012)	0.64
" Antitubercular treatment reduced the oral bioavailability of lopinavir by 77% in children receiving twice usual lopinavir/ritonavir doses and increased ritonavir clearance by 50%."	( Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir and ritonavir in combination with rifampicin-based antitubercular treatment in HIV-infected children. Denti, P; Karlsson, MO; McIlleron, H; Ren, Y; Simonsson, US; van der Walt, JS; Zhang, C, 2012)	0.91
"Lopinavir (LPV), a newer HIV protease inhibitor, has poor bioavailability being a substrate of both cytochrome P450 3A enzyme system (CYP3A) and permeability-glycoprotein (P-gp)."	( Effect of grapefruit juice and ritonavir on pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in Wistar rats. Aditya, N; Ravi, PR; Srivani, S; Thakur, R; Vats, R, 2012)	2.06
"Eltrombopag is an orally bioavailable thrombopoietin receptor agonist that is approved for the treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura."	( Assessment of the pharmacokinetic interaction between eltrombopag and lopinavir-ritonavir in healthy adult subjects. McLean, HB; Park, JW; Pendry, C; Peng, B; Theodore, D; Wire, MB, 2012)	0.61
"75 min, respectively, with a significant increase in bioavailability in a rat model compared with a free-drug suspension."	( Enhanced delivery of lopinavir to the CNS using Compritol-based solid lipid nanoparticles. Alex, A; Chacko, AJ; Paul, W; Sharma, CP, 2011)	0.69
" Clinical utility via transdermal route was acknowledged using in vivo bioavailability study in male Wistar rats."	( Formulation of niosomal gel for enhanced transdermal lopinavir delivery and its comparative evaluation with ethosomal gel. Kumar, P; Patel, KK; Thakkar, HP, 2012)	0.63
"Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of poor orally bioavailable drug lopinavir were prepared using hot self nano-emulsification (SNE) technique."	( Development of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of lopinavir using hot self nano-emulsification (SNE) technique. Chattopadhyay, P; Negi, JS; Ram, V; Sharma, AK, 2013)	0.88
"The aim of the present study was to prepare surface-stabilized nanoparticles (NPs) for oral bioavailability enhancement of lopinavir (LPN), a Biopharmaceutics Classification System class II antiretroviral drug that possesses low oral bioavailability due to its poor aqueous solubility and extensive metabolism by liver microsomal enzymes."	( Surface-stabilized lopinavir nanoparticles enhance oral bioavailability without coadministration of ritonavir. Jain, AK; Jain, S; Mahajan, RR; Sharma, JM, 2013)	0.93
"11-fold enhancement in bioavailability in comparison to free LPN with ritonavir (conventional formulation)."	( Surface-stabilized lopinavir nanoparticles enhance oral bioavailability without coadministration of ritonavir. Jain, AK; Jain, S; Mahajan, RR; Sharma, JM, 2013)	0.72
"The bioavailability of lopinavir was reduced by 25% in adults whereas children on antituberculosis treatment experienced a 59% reduction, an effect that was moderated by the dose of ritonavir."	( Model-based evaluation of the pharmacokinetic differences between adults and children for lopinavir and ritonavir in combination with rifampicin. Decloedt, EH; Denti, P; Karlsson, MO; McIlleron, H; Ren, Y; Zhang, C, 2013)	0.92
" The drug has a very low bioavailability due to a rapid metabolism by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) isoenzyme."	( Compartmental pharmacokinetic modeling of lopinavir in humans. Duangchaemkarn, K; Lohitnavy, M, 2013)	0.65
" Pharmacokinetic study results in male Wistar rats indicated an increase in oral bioavailability of LPV by 4-folds after incorporation into PCL NPs."	( Design, optimization and evaluation of poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) based polymeric nanoparticles for oral delivery of lopinavir. Dalal, V; Gadekar, N; N, A; Ravi, PR; Vats, R, 2015)	0.63
" The principal aim of this study was to compare bioavailability of two doses of rifabutin (150 mg three times per week and 150 mg daily) in patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis who initiated lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy in Vietnam."	( Randomised pharmacokinetic trial of rifabutin with lopinavir/ritonavir-antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis in Vietnam. Barrail-Tran, A; Borand, L; Connolly, C; Duc, NH; Dung, NH; Harries, AD; Lagarde, D; Lan, NN; Lan, NT; Laureillard, D; Lien, TT; Lienhardt, C; Pym, A; Quillet, C; Taburet, AM; Thu, NT, 2014)	0.84
" Significant increase in oral bioavailability of LPV from LPV SLNs (5 folds) and LPV/RTV coformulation (3."	( A hybrid design to optimize preparation of lopinavir loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and comparative pharmacokinetic evaluation with marketed lopinavir/ritonavir coformulation. Dalal, V; Murthy, AN; Ravi, PR; Vats, R, 2014)	0.67
"SLNs enhanced oral bioavailability and improved distribution profile of LPV to HIV reservoirs and hence could be better alternative to LPV/RTV coformulation."	( A hybrid design to optimize preparation of lopinavir loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and comparative pharmacokinetic evaluation with marketed lopinavir/ritonavir coformulation. Dalal, V; Murthy, AN; Ravi, PR; Vats, R, 2014)	0.67
"The EFV-based HAART regimen was associated with a reduction in the bioavailability of ENG, which showed decreases of 63."	( Effect of antiretroviral therapy including lopinavir/ritonavir or efavirenz on etonogestrel-releasing implant pharmacokinetics in HIV-positive women. Amaral, E; Bahamondes, L; Bahamondes, MV; Brito, MB; de Souza, RM; Duarte, G; Ferriani, RA; Quintana, SM; Rocha Prandini, TR; Scaranari, C; Vieira, CS, 2014)	0.67
"The coadministration of EFV decreased the bioavailability of ENG released from the implant, which could impair contraceptive efficacy."	( Effect of antiretroviral therapy including lopinavir/ritonavir or efavirenz on etonogestrel-releasing implant pharmacokinetics in HIV-positive women. Amaral, E; Bahamondes, L; Bahamondes, MV; Brito, MB; de Souza, RM; Duarte, G; Ferriani, RA; Quintana, SM; Rocha Prandini, TR; Scaranari, C; Vieira, CS, 2014)	0.67
"An open-label comparative bioavailability (randomized crossover) study compared a novel twice-daily minitab sprinkle formulation (40 mg/10 mg, Cipla Pharmaceuticals) versus innovator syrup in HIV-infected Ugandan infants aged 3 to <12 months (cohort A) and children aged 1-4 years (cohort B) and versus Cipla tablets (100/25 mg) in children aged 4 to <13 years (cohort C)."	( The pharmacokinetics and acceptability of lopinavir/ritonavir minitab sprinkles, tablets, and syrups in african HIV-infected children. Burger, D; Fillekes, Q; Gibb, DM; Keishanyu, R; Kekitiinwa, A; Kendall, L; Lallemant, M; Musiime, V; Namuddu, R; Opilo, W; Walker, AS; Young, N, 2014)	0.67
" From the pharmacokinetic study data, we found that the relative bioavailability of Lopinavir from nanoparticles was ∼2 folds higher than the free drug."	( Modified pullulan nanoparticles for oral delivery of lopinavir: formulation and pharmacokinetic evaluation. Adapa, SP; Aditya, N; Balija, J; Ravi, PR; Vats, R, 2014)	0.88
" Concentrations of Arga-L® at 12 h after intake were considerably lower than those of Kaletra®, revealing very low oral bioavailability of generic lopinavir and ritonavir (<10%) compared to the brand-name drug."	( [Lack of bioavailability of generic lopinavir/ritonavir not prequalified by WHO marketed in Africa (Congo Brazzaville)]. Camara, S; Goudjo, A; Guillard, E; Peytavin, G; Vasse, M; Zucman, D, 2015)	0.89
" Compared to RRC, Ugandan children exhibited reduced bioavailability of EFV and LPV; 11% (P=0."	( The effect of malnutrition on the pharmacokinetics and virologic outcomes of lopinavir, efavirenz and nevirapine in food insecure HIV-infected children in Tororo, Uganda. Achan, J; Aweeka, F; Bartelink, IH; Capparelli, E; Charlebois, E; Dorsey, G; Gingrich, D; Havlir, D; Jullien, V; Kamya, M; Plenty, A; Ruel, T; Savic, RM; Scherpbier, HJ; Young, SL, 2015)	0.65
" LPV bioavailability is increased by co-formulated ritonavir (r), which may enhance the interaction of INH on LPV."	( The pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir when given with isoniazid in South African HIV-infected individuals. Decloedt, EH; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; van der Walt, JS; Wiesner, L, 2015)	0.72
"56-fold increase in bioavailability and significantly increased LPV concentrations in tested tissues, especially in HIV sanctuary sites, as compared to the commercial LPV/RTV tablet (Kaletra®) in rats."	( Development and in vivo evaluation of child-friendly lopinavir/ritonavir pediatric granules utilizing novel in situ self-assembly nanoparticles. Dong, X; Guo, S; Li, D; Penzak, S; Pham, K, 2016)	0.68
"Lopinavir (LPV), an antiretroviral protease inhibitor shows poor bioavailability because of poor aqueous solubility and extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism."	( Statistical modeling, optimization and characterization of solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of lopinavir using design of experiment. Lalwani, A; Patel, G; Shelat, P, 2016)	2.09
" In vivo bioavailability of S-SNEDDS, marketed Lopinavir + Ritonavir (LPV/RTV) formulation and pure LPV was studied in Wistar rats."	( Statistical modeling, optimization and characterization of solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of lopinavir using design of experiment. Lalwani, A; Patel, G; Shelat, P, 2016)	0.9
"The significant increase in drug dissolution and bioavailability by prepared SNEDDS suggest that the developed S-SNEDDS is a useful solid platform for improving oral bioavailability of poorly soluble LPV."	( Statistical modeling, optimization and characterization of solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of lopinavir using design of experiment. Lalwani, A; Patel, G; Shelat, P, 2016)	0.65
" Co-administration with some antiretroviral therapies (ART) changes the bioavailability of the etonogestrel (ENG)-releasing contraceptive implant, possibly affecting the bleeding pattern."	( Bleeding patterns of HIV-infected women using an etonogestrel-releasing contraceptive implant and efavirenz-based or lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy. Amaral, E; Bahamondes, L; Bahamondes, MV; Brito, MB; Duarte, G; Ferriani, RA; Prandini, TR; Quintana, SM; Ragazini, CS; Vieira, CS, 2016)	0.64
"Lopinavir is a BCS Class IV drug exhibiting poor bioavailability due to P-gp efflux and limited permeation."	( Improvement of Oral Bioavailability of Lopinavir Without Co-administration of Ritonavir Using Microspheres of Thiolated Xyloglucan. Bhalekar, MR; Kadam, AA; Madgulkar, AR, 2018)	2.19
" MDR-TB treatment did not have a significant effect on the bioavailability, clearance, or absorption rate constants of lopinavir or ritonavir."	( Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions of Lopinavir-Ritonavir Administered with First- and Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs in HIV-Infected Children Treated for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis. de Kock, M; Denti, P; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; McIlleron, H; Norman, J; Schaaf, HS; Tikiso, T; van der Laan, LE; Wiesner, L; Winckler, J, 2018)	0.95
" LPV pharmacokinetics was found to be highly variable and bioavailability greatly reduced, resulting in a high CL estimate in this population."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir in Severely Malnourished HIV-infected Children and the Effect on Treatment Outcomes. Archary, M; Bobat, R; Hennig, S; La Russa, P; Mcllleron, H; Sibaya, T; Wiesner, L, 2018)	0.77
"Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) are a promising formulation strategy to increase both the apparent aqueous solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs."	( Mechanistic understanding of the phase behavior of supersaturated solutions of poorly water-soluble drugs. Hall, SD; Mohutsky, MA; Posada, MM; Taylor, LS; Tres, F, 2018)	0.48
"Lopinavir is a specific reversible inhibitor of the enzyme HIV protease with mean oral bioavailability of less than 20 % due to extensive hepatic metabolism by cytochrome P450 3A4."	( Formulation and in-vivo Evaluation of Novel Topical Gel of Lopinavir for Targeting HIV. Ansari, H; Singh, P, 2018)	2.17
"The objective was to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) of lopinavir and formulate a topical gel for improved systemic bioavailability of lopinavir."	( Formulation and in-vivo Evaluation of Novel Topical Gel of Lopinavir for Targeting HIV. Ansari, H; Singh, P, 2018)	0.96
" To explore the potential of topical route, invivo bioavailability study was conducted in male Wistar rats."	( Formulation and in-vivo Evaluation of Novel Topical Gel of Lopinavir for Targeting HIV. Ansari, H; Singh, P, 2018)	0.72
" Also, the AUC was higher in the case of SLN based gel indicating good bioavailability as compared to oral suspension and plain gel of drug."	( Formulation and in-vivo Evaluation of Novel Topical Gel of Lopinavir for Targeting HIV. Ansari, H; Singh, P, 2018)	0.72
"Lymphatic transport of oral drugs allows extraordinary gains in bioavailability and efficacy through avoidance of first-pass hepatic metabolism and preservation of drugs at lymphatic tissues against lymph-mediated diseases."	( Chylomicron-pretended nano-bio self-assembling vehicle to promote lymphatic transport and GALTs target of oral drugs. Di, D; Feng, S; Li, S; Liu, Y; Mao, Y; Wang, S; Zhao, Q, 2019)	0.51
" In the study, we developed novel solid dispersions (SD) of LPV to improve its bioavailability and to describe their overall behaviors."	( Solubility and bioavailability enhancement study of lopinavir solid dispersion matrixed with a polymeric surfactant - Soluplus. Bao, Y; Gao, J; Ju, C; Lu, J; Su, Z; Sun, J; Zhang, C; Zi, P, 2019)	0.76
" Pretomanid pharmacokinetic behavior was described by a one-compartment model that at a given dose was linear in its absorption and clearance processes but where the rate of absorption and extent of bioavailability changed with dose."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of the Antituberculosis Agent Pretomanid. Everitt, D; Nedelman, JR; Salinger, DH; Subramoney, V, 2019)	0.51
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51
" However, their effectiveness is limited due to lack of bioavailability and they need to be coadministered with another drug."	( Lopinavir Loaded Spray Dried Liposomes with Penetration Enhancers for Cytotoxic Activity. Chandak, A; Kokare, C; Maniyar, M, 2020)	2
" The fluorescence microscopy, histopathological study, and in-vivo bioavailability studies were performed to measure the penetration and inertness of cream in animals."	( Lopinavir Loaded Spray Dried Liposomes with Penetration Enhancers for Cytotoxic Activity. Chandak, A; Kokare, C; Maniyar, M, 2020)	2
" The histopathological study demonstrates the inertness of cream while in-vivo bioavailability studies showed the many-fold increase in bioavailability of LPV."	( Lopinavir Loaded Spray Dried Liposomes with Penetration Enhancers for Cytotoxic Activity. Chandak, A; Kokare, C; Maniyar, M, 2020)	2
" For all 3 drugs, we found a high association with the nanoparticles in plasma (>87% lopinavir-ritonavir, 97% tenofovir), and an incomplete subcutaneous bioavailability (<29% lopinavir-ritonavir, 85% tenofovir)."	( Integration of Computational and Experimental Approaches to Elucidate Mechanisms of First-Pass Lymphatic Drug Sequestration and Long-Acting Pharmacokinetics of the Injectable Triple-HIV Drug Combination TLC-ART 101. Collier, AC; Ho, RJY; Kinman, L; Koehn, J; Lane, S; Lee, W; McConnachie, LA; Perazzolo, S; Shen, DD; Shireman, LM, 2020)	0.78
" Lopinavir is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor with low aqueous solubility leading to poor oral bioavailability and thus frequent dosing."	( Central composite design-based optimization of lopinavir vitamin E-TPGS micelle: In vitro characterization and in vivo pharmacokinetic study. Mahajan, HS; Patil, PH, 2020)	1.73
"Lopinavir (LPV), a well-known drug administered in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, has shown limitation for pediatric treatment owing to poor aqueous solubility that gives rise to limited oral bioavailability and short plasma half-life (5-6 h)."	( Polyethylene glycol (5,000) succinate conjugate of lopinavir and its associated toxicity using Danio rerio as a model organism. Aremu, OS; Botha, TL; Katata-Seru, L; Mkhize, Z; Wepener, V, 2020)	2.25
" Extensive use of atazanavir (ATV) as antiretroviral and previous evidence suggesting its bioavailability within the respiratory tract prompted us to study this molecule against SARS-CoV-2."	( Atazanavir, Alone or in Combination with Ritonavir, Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Proinflammatory Cytokine Production. Alves, CR; Bozza, FA; Bozza, PT; Cardoso Soares, V; Carels, N; da Silva Gomes Dias, S; de Freitas, CS; Ferreira, AC; Fintelman-Rodrigues, N; Matos, AR; Mattos, M; Miranda, MD; Ribeiro Lima, C; Sacramento, CQ; Siqueira, MM; Souza da Silva, F; Souza, TML; Temerozo, JR, 2020)	0.56
" The present research aims to develop a nanoparticle-based orodispersible pediatric drug delivery platform to improve oral bioavailability and taste of poorly water-soluble and unpalatable therapeutics."	( Development of nanoparticle-based orodispersible palatable pediatric formulations. Deng, Y; Shen, J; Shen, L; Yang, Y, 2021)	0.62
" LPV/r-A tablets contain key excipients critical to ensuring acceptable bioavailability of lopinavir and ritonavir in humans."	( Comparative Bioavailability of Two Formulations of Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Class IV Drugs: A Case Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir. Jarvis, MF; Morris, JB; Mostafa, NM; Munasinghe, WP; Saeed, AM; Schmidt, JM; Vallabh, BK, 2021)	1.05
"Analytical characterizations of LPV/r-B tablets were performed and a clinical study was conducted to assess the relative bioavailability of Kalidavir® (LPV/r-B) 400/100 mg tablets relative to Kaletra® (LPV/r-A) 400/100 mg tablets under fasting conditions."	( Comparative Bioavailability of Two Formulations of Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Class IV Drugs: A Case Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir. Jarvis, MF; Morris, JB; Mostafa, NM; Munasinghe, WP; Saeed, AM; Schmidt, JM; Vallabh, BK, 2021)	0.83
" In HIV+ children on lopinavir/ritonavir, bioavailability was reduced by 32% [median (IQR) steady-state Cmax = 0."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ethambutol in African children: a pooled analysis. Abdelwahab, MT; Andrieux-Meyer, I; Bekker, A; Chabala, C; Cotton, MF; Davies, G; Denti, P; Hesseling, A; Lee, J; McIlleron, H; Rabie, H; Tikiso, T; Wiesner, L; Zar, HJ, 2022)	1.04
" It indicates the potential use of SNEDDS to enhance the solubility of LPV, which eventually could help improve the oral bioavailability of LPV."	( Lopinavir-Loaded Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Enhanced Solubility: Development, Characterisation and Caco-2 Cell Uptake. Akhtar, S; Alelwani, W; Atiya, A; Bannunah, AM; Khan, AA; Mahmood, S; Yadav, Y, 2023)	2.35
"Formulations containing nanosized drug particles such as nanocrystals and nanosized amorphous drug aggregates recently came into light as promising strategies to improve the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs."	( Mechanisms and Extent of Enhanced Passive Permeation by Colloidal Drug Particles. Li, N; Narula, A; Sabra, R, 2022)	0.72
"Lopinavir is effective in treatment of HIV infection but experiences low oral bioavailability due to poor solubility, pre-systemic metabolism, and P-gp intestinal efflux."	( Menthol augmented niosomes for enhanced intestinal absorption of lopinavir. El Maghraby, GM; Essa, EA; Fayed, ND, 2022)	2.4
" The antiviral activity of lopinavir/ritonavir in vivo is mainly derived from lopinavir, while ritonavir improves the bioavailability of lopinavir."	( Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Bioequivalence of 2 Lopinavir/Ritonavir (200/50 mg) Tablets in Healthy Chinese Volunteers: Effect of Food on Absorption. Bao, D; Fu, W; Hu, W; Lin, L; Liu, Y; Zhang, Q; Zhang, W; Zheng, L, 2023)	1.46
" Age affected the bioavailability of rifampicin and isoniazid; at birth, children had 48."	( Evaluating pediatric tuberculosis dosing guidelines: A model-based individual data pooled analysis. Aarnoutse, R; Chabala, C; Cotton, MF; Denti, P; Galileya, LT; Gibb, D; Hesseling, A; Lee, J; McIlleron, H; Njahira Mukui, I; Rabie, H; Turkova, A; Wasmann, RE; Zar, H, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Information on each drug, such as the name of the drug, the dosage normally prescribed, and cost of treatment is listed."	( What they say about: protease inhibitors. , )	0.13
" Progress is also highlighted about dosing regimens, antiretroviral resistance, and reconstitution of the immune system."	( Moving forward: a treatment overview from the 12th World AIDS Conference. Agosto, M, 1998)	0.3
"The steady-state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of two oral doses of lopinavir-ritonavir (lopinavir/r; 400/100 and 533/133 mg) twice daily (BID) when dosed in combination with efavirenz, plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, were assessed in a phase II, open-label, randomized, parallel arm study in 57 multiple protease inhibitor-experienced but non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects."	( Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis of lopinavir-ritonavir in combination with efavirenz and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in extensively pretreated human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Bernstein, B; Bertz, R; Brun, S; Foit, C; Granneman, GR; Hsu, A; Isaacson, J; Kempf, DJ; King, M; Lam, W; Richards, B; Rode, R; Rynkiewicz, K; Sun, E, 2003)	0.81
" The pharmacokinetics of lopinavir did not appear to be dependent on age when dosing was based on body surface area but were decreased on coadministration with nevirapine."	( Forty-eight-week evaluation of lopinavir/ritonavir, a new protease inhibitor, in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Allen, U; Arpadi, S; Bernstein, B; Bertz, RJ; Cahn, P; Castrejón, MM; Chadwick, E; Deetz, CO; Gomez, P; Handelsman, E; Heuser, RS; Hsu, AF; Kempf, DJ; Pelton, S; Ramilo, O; Renz, CL; Rode, RA; Sáez-Llorens, X; Sun, E; Violari, A, 2003)	0.91
" Column chromatography methodology was developed to separate lopinavir from ritonavir starting from the commercially available lopinavir-ritonavir combination dosage form."	( Apparent mechanism-based inhibition of human CYP3A in-vitro by lopinavir. Greenblatt, DJ; Harmatz, JS; Hesse, LM; Richert, C; von Moltke, LL; Weemhoff, JL, 2003)	0.8
"This study examines the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic interactions between (1) lopinavir-ritonavir (L/R), a fixed combination of protease inhibitors used for the treatment of HIV disease, and (2) ritonavir alone at the same dosage as that in the L/R formulation, with methadone, an opiate frequently used in substance abuse pharmacotherapy for opioid (heroin)-dependent injection drug users, many of whom are infected with HIV."	( The protease inhibitor lopinavir-ritonavir may produce opiate withdrawal in methadone-maintained patients. Friedland, G; Jatlow, P; McCance-Katz, EF; Rainey, PM, 2003)	0.86
" Great caution is required in the management of tacrolimus dosage when Kaletra is introduced or withdrawn in HIV-positive patients after liver transplantation, particularly in the presence of hepatic dysfunction."	( Effect of coadministered lopinavir and ritonavir (Kaletra) on tacrolimus blood concentration in liver transplantation patients. Eghtesad, B; Fung, JJ; Jain, AB; Marcos, A; Rafail, AB; Ragni, M; Shapiro, R; Venkataramanan, R, 2003)	0.62
" The aim of the study was to measure unbound plasma concentrations of lopinavir (LPV) and to relate them to the total plasma concentrations to establish the unbound percentage in vivo during a full dosage interval."	( Lopinavir protein binding in vivo through the 12-hour dosing interval. Back, DJ; Boffito, M; Bonora, S; Di Perri, G; Hoggard, PG; Khoo, SH; Lindup, WE; Sinicco, A, 2004)	2
" A retrospective study carried out of 72 probable SARS patients has shown that cases who received pulse methylprendisolone did not differ in cumulative steroid dosage or adverse reactions, although the former patients had less oxygen requirement, better radiographic outcome, and less likelihood of requiring rescue pulse steroid therapy than their counterparts."	( SARS: pharmacotherapy. Tsang, K; Zhong, NS, 2003)	0.32
" After 48 weeks, LPV/r was dosed open-label at 400/100 mg every 12 hours with stavudine and lamivudine."	( Long-term safety and durable antiretroviral activity of lopinavir/ritonavir in treatment-naive patients: 4 year follow-up study. Benson, C; Brun, SC; Eron, JJ; Gulick, RM; Hicks, C; Kessler, HA; King, KR; King, MS; Murphy, RL; White, AC, 2004)	0.57
" The dosage of itraconazole was reduced when it was used in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir."	( Drug-drug interaction between itraconazole and the antiretroviral drug lopinavir/ritonavir in an HIV-1-infected patient with disseminated histoplasmosis. Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Mulder, JW; Schellens, JH; Sparidans, RW, 2004)	0.79
" After studying 12-hour pharmacokinetic profiles in 3 HIV-positive patients after liver transplantation, we describe how dosing of cyclosporine A can be adjusted to maintain effective immunosuppressive drug levels on a daily dosing schedule when ritonavir-boosted indinavir or lopinavir-based antiretroviral therapy is given."	( Management of drug-to-drug interactions between cyclosporine A and the protease-inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir in liver-transplanted HIV-infected patients. Michaelis, HC; Rockstroh, JK; Sauerbruch, T; Spengler, U; Sudhop, T; Türler, A; Vogel, M; Voigt, E; Wolff, M, 2004)	0.72
" Management should be individualized to each patient; dosage or medication adjustments may be necessary."	( Coadministration of lopinavir/ritonavir and phenytoin results in two-way drug interaction through cytochrome P-450 induction. Bertz, RJ; Eron, JJ; Gaedigk, A; Kashuba, AD; Lim, ML; Min, SS; Robinson, M, 2004)	0.65
" The tissue distribution of radioactivity was examined in rats dosed with [14C]lopinavir in combination with ritonavir."	( Metabolism and disposition of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor lopinavir (ABT-378) given in combination with ritonavir in rats, dogs, and humans. Denissen, JF; Grabowski, BA; Jayanti, VK; Johnson, MK; Kempf, DJ; Kumar, GN; Lee, RD; Marsh, KC; Roberts, SA; Sham, HL; Sun, E; Thomas, S; Uchic, J, 2004)	0.79
" On oral dosing to rats, ritonavir was found to increase the exposure of lopinavir-derived radioactivity 13-fold."	( Metabolism and disposition of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor lopinavir (ABT-378) given in combination with ritonavir in rats, dogs, and humans. Denissen, JF; Grabowski, BA; Jayanti, VK; Johnson, MK; Kempf, DJ; Kumar, GN; Lee, RD; Marsh, KC; Roberts, SA; Sham, HL; Sun, E; Thomas, S; Uchic, J, 2004)	0.8
" HIV type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients receiving EFV or lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) had 9 or 10 blood samples drawn over 8 to 24 h of a dosing interval at steady state before and after receiving 250 mg of VPA twice daily for 7 days."	( Effects of valproic acid coadministration on plasma efavirenz and lopinavir concentrations in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults. Cruttenden, K; DiCenzo, R; Gelbard, H; Morse, G; Peterson, D; Riggs, G; Schifitto, G, 2004)	0.81
" Therefore, we studied the plasma and intracellular (cell-associated) steady-state pharmacokinetics of this PI combination in a dosage of 400/100 mg twice daily in a non-randomized cohort of HIV-1-infected individuals."	( The plasma and intracellular steady-state pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected patients. Beijnen, JH; Crommentuyn, KM; Huitema, AD; Mairuhu, AT; Meenhorst, PL; Mulder, JW; van Gorp, EC, 2004)	0.56
"In antiretroviral-experienced subjects with sustained viral suppression, dual therapy with NVP plus LPV/rtv at standard dosage was as potent and safe as standard-of-care HAART at 48 weeks of follow-up."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir plus nevirapine as a nucleoside-sparing approach in antiretroviral-experienced patients (NEKA study). Burger, D; Clotet, B; Côté, H; López, S; Martínez, E; Miró, O; Moltó, J; Montaner, J; Negredo, E; Puig, J; Rey-Joly, C; Ribalta, J; Ruiz, L; Salazar, J, 2005)	1.77
"Pharmacokinetic studies rely on blood sampling at times relative to predefined dosing intervals."	( Successful projection of the time course of drug concentration in plasma during a 1-year period from electronically compiled dosing-time data used as input to individually parameterized pharmacokinetic models. Bertz, R; Mayer, S; Rode, R; Tousset, E; Urquhart, J; Vrijens, B, 2005)	0.33
" The median (interquartile range) LPV AUC(0,24 h), maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and concentration at the end of the dosing interval (C(24 h)) after am and pm dosing was, respectively, 143 (116-214) mg l(-1) h, 12."	( Absence of circadian variation in the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir given as a once daily dosing regimen in HIV-1-infected patients. Bourbeau, M; Cameron, DW; Garber, GE; Giguere, P; Seguin, I; van Heeswijk, RP, 2005)	0.57
"No differences were observed in the pharmacokinetics of LPV/r after am or pm dosing with food, which suggests that this once daily combination, can be taken in the morning or evening."	( Absence of circadian variation in the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir given as a once daily dosing regimen in HIV-1-infected patients. Bourbeau, M; Cameron, DW; Garber, GE; Giguere, P; Seguin, I; van Heeswijk, RP, 2005)	0.57
" However, many of the available agents in this class suffer shortcomings, including poor tolerability, difficult dosing regimens, and variable drug concentrations which may lead to generation of viral resistance."	( Safety and antiviral activity of lopinavir/ritonavir-based therapy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Hicks, CB; Kaplan, SS, 2005)	0.61
" However, many available agents suffer shortcomings that limit their clinical value, including adverse effects, difficult dosing requirements and rapid development of resistance."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Hicks, CB; Kaplan, SS, 2005)	1.77
" The dosage was 50 mg/kg twice daily (bid) for saquinavir and 230/57."	( Pharmacokinetics and 24-week efficacy/safety of dual boosted saquinavir/lopinavir/ritonavir in nucleoside-pretreated children. Ananworanich, J; Bergshoeff, A; Burger, D; Engchanil, C; Hill, A; Kosalaraksa, P; Pancharoen, C; Ruxrungtham, K; Siangphoe, U, 2005)	0.56
"Ritonavir dosed at 100 mg bid significantly increased the concentration of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total/HDL cholesterol ratio and triglycerides and reduced HDL cholesterol concentration."	( The effect of low-dose ritonavir monotherapy on fasting serum lipid concentrations. Mashinter, LD; Roberts, SE; Shafran, SD, 2005)	0.33
" No significant relationship was established between the presence or the daily dosage of saquinavir in the treatment and lopinavir population pharmacokinetic parameters."	( No significant influence of saquinavir hard-gel capsule administration on pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with ritonavir: a population approach. Allavena, C; Dailly, E; Gagnieu, MC; Jolliet, P; Raffi, F, 2005)	0.76
" The Ccell/Ctot and Cu/Ctot ratio was unaffected by the addition of the second PI and remained stable throughout dosing interval."	( Ritonavir-boosted atazanavir-lopinavir combination: a pharmacokinetic interaction study of total, unbound plasma and cellular exposures. Biollaz, J; Buclin, T; Cavassini, M; Colombo, S; Decosterd, LA; Franc, C; Guignard, N; Khonkarly, M; Rochat, B; Tarr, PE; Telenti, A, 2006)	0.63
" The clinical significance of this decrease is unknown and warrants further investigation to determine the need for tailoring LPV dosage in selected cases."	( Ritonavir-boosted atazanavir-lopinavir combination: a pharmacokinetic interaction study of total, unbound plasma and cellular exposures. Biollaz, J; Buclin, T; Cavassini, M; Colombo, S; Decosterd, LA; Franc, C; Guignard, N; Khonkarly, M; Rochat, B; Tarr, PE; Telenti, A, 2006)	0.63
"Lopinavir/ritonavir is approved for treatment of HIV-infected children at a dosage regimen of 230/57."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir exposure in treatment-naive HIV-infected children following twice or once daily administration. Bassetti, M; Dentone, C; Di Biagio, A; Gatti, G; Gattinara, GC; Giaquinto, C; Martino, AM; Merlo, M; Rampon, O; Rosso, R; Viganò, A; Viscoli, C, 2006)	3.22
" In both instances, the carbamazepine dosage was decreased by 33%, which resulted in resolution of symptoms."	( Carbamazepine toxicity induced by lopinavir/ritonavir and nelfinavir. Bates, DE; Herman, RJ, 2006)	0.61
" Carbamazepine toxicity may be prevented by reducing the carbamazepine dosage by 25-50% when protease inhibitors are introduced."	( Carbamazepine toxicity induced by lopinavir/ritonavir and nelfinavir. Bates, DE; Herman, RJ, 2006)	0.61
"The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of three different indinavir and lopinavir/ritonavir dosing regimens."	( Association of total bilirubin with indinavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in HIV-infected patients receiving three different double-boosted dosing regimens. Dicenzo, R; Larppanichpoonphol, P; Luque, A; Reichman, R, 2006)	0.8
"HIV-infected adults receiving lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100 mg twice daily with food had nine plasma samples taken over a 12 h dosing interval at baseline (BL), after adding indinavir 600 mg twice daily for 10 days (R1), indinavir 800 mg twice daily for 5 days (R2) and lopinavir/ritonavir 533/133 mg plus indinavir 600 mg twice daily for 10 days (R3)."	( Association of total bilirubin with indinavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in HIV-infected patients receiving three different double-boosted dosing regimens. Dicenzo, R; Larppanichpoonphol, P; Luque, A; Reichman, R, 2006)	0.88
" Once-daily dosing may offer an advantage to adherence."	( Pharmacokinetics of a once-daily regimen of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected children. Burger, D; de Groot, R; van der Lee, M; Verweel, G, 2006)	0.59
" Further research, especially in young children, is necessary to determine whether a higher dosage of lopinavir/ritonavir once daily must be given to reach the target level for Cmin."	( Pharmacokinetics of a once-daily regimen of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected children. Burger, D; de Groot, R; van der Lee, M; Verweel, G, 2006)	0.81
" Despite therapeutic drug monitoring and subsequent efavirenz dosage reductions, side-effects did not resolve completely and lopinavir concentrations remained relatively low."	( Genotyping of CYP2B6 and therapeutic drug monitoring in an HIV-infected patient with high efavirenz plasma concentrations and severe CNS side-effects. Hansen, AB; Justesen, US; Mathiesen, S; Von Lüttichau, HR, 2006)	0.54
" Additional investigations are warranted to determine the optimal dosing of FPV with LPV/RTV."	( Dose separation does not overcome the pharmacokinetic interaction between fosamprenavir and lopinavir/ritonavir. Corbett, AH; Eron, JJ; Kalvass, LA; Kashuba, AD; Lim, ML; Ngo, LT; Patterson, KB; Tien, HC, 2006)	0.55
" The consequences of these pharmacokinetic discrepancies and the necessity to modify the currently recommended dosage regimen should be further investigated."	( Population analysis of weight-, age-, and sex-related differences in the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in children from birth to 18 years. Blanche, S; Chaix, ML; Delaugerre, C; Firtion, G; Hirt, D; Jullien, V; Macassa, E; Pons, G; Rey, E; Rouzioux, C; Teglas, JP; Tréluyer, JM; Urien, S; Vaz, P, 2006)	0.55
" The pharmacokinetics, safety, and effectiveness of increased LPV/r dosing during the third trimester of pregnancy should be investigated."	( Reduced lopinavir exposure during pregnancy. Best, BM; Burchett, SK; Capparelli, E; Cotter, A; Elgie, C; Holland, DT; Hu, C; Mirochnick, M; Read, JS; Smith, E; Stek, AM; Tuomala, R, 2006)	0.77
" After a regular oral dose of Kaletra (400 mg lopinavir, 100 mg ritonavir) analyte concentrations were detectable over a full dosing interval in plasma, ultrafiltrate, and PBMCs."	( Monitoring of lopinavir and ritonavir in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, plasma, and ultrafiltrate using a selective and highly sensitive LC/MS/MS assay. Burhenne, J; Ehrhardt, M; Haefeli, WE; Mikus, G; Möck, M, 2007)	0.96
" Melt extrusion technology was used to produce a tablet formulation reducing the number of dosage units administered per day and simplifying storage requirements."	( The tablet formulation of lopinavir/ritonavir provides similar bioavailability to the soft-gelatin capsule formulation with less pharmacokinetic variability and diminished food effect. Awni, W; Breitenbach, J; Brun, SC; Chiu, YL; Doan, T; Hanna, GJ; Heuser, RS; Klein, CE; Morris, JB; Zhu, T, 2007)	0.64
"Most antiretrovirals are metabolized in the liver, and lower dosing could be advisable in patients with severe liver insufficiency."	( Influence of liver fibrosis stage on plasma levels of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C. Barreiro, P; Gonzalez-Lahoz, J; Jiménez-Nácher, I; Labarga, P; Martín-Carbonero, L; Rodríguez-Novoa, S; Ruiz, A; Soriano, V, 2007)	0.34
" The ATV area under the concentration-time curve from dosing to 24 hours after the dose (AUC0-24; GM: 36."	( Beneficial pharmacokinetic interaction between atazanavir and lopinavir/ritonavir. Agarwala, S; Barditch-Crovo, P; Carson, K; Flexner, C; Fuchs, E; Parsons, T; Pham, PA; Vasist, L, 2007)	0.58
" This coformulation was designed to overcome the problems of earlier agents of this class of drugs concerning unfavorable pharmacokinetics with a higher frequency of dosing and therapy failure."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir: appraisal of its use in HIV therapy. von Hentig, N, 2007)	1.78
" The timing and dosage regimens of steroid in the treatment of SARS are controversial."	( Pharmacologic treatment of SARS: current knowledge and recommendations. Tai, DY, 2007)	0.34
" Individuals established on ATV (300 mg and 100 mg ritonavir daily) or LPV (400 mg and 100 mg ritonavir twice daily)-containing regimens completed two clinical visits (trough and directly observed therapy) during which dosing characteristics, concomitant medication, and substance use were recorded."	( Assessing the impact of substance use and hepatitis coinfection on atazanavir and lopinavir trough concentrations in HIV-infected patients during therapeutic drug monitoring. Boston, NS; Brazeau, D; Catanzaro, L; DiFrancesco, R; Fischl, MA; Forrest, A; Gripshover, B; Ma, Q; Morse, GD; Reichman, RC; Slish, J; Zingman, BS, 2007)	0.57
" When efavirenz (four patients) or a nucleoside analogue combination (one patient) was added, very little change in tacrolimus dosing was required."	( Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in hepatitis C virus and HIV co-infected liver transplant recipients in the ANRS HC-08 study. Abbara, C; Barrail, A; Boissonnas, A; Bonhomme-Faivre, L; Duclos-Vallée, JC; Samuel, D; Taburet, AM; Teicher, E; Vincent, I; Vittecoq, D, 2007)	0.34
" Tacrolimus dosing must be optimised according to therapeutic drug monitoring and the antiretroviral drug combination."	( Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in hepatitis C virus and HIV co-infected liver transplant recipients in the ANRS HC-08 study. Abbara, C; Barrail, A; Boissonnas, A; Bonhomme-Faivre, L; Duclos-Vallée, JC; Samuel, D; Taburet, AM; Teicher, E; Vincent, I; Vittecoq, D, 2007)	0.34
" These data indicate that chronic HIV treatment may be assisted with plasma concentration monitoring to identify those patients who may require dosage modification and/or regimen adjustment in order to optimize antiretroviral effects."	( Factors associated with altered pharmacokinetics in substance users and non-substance users receiving lopinavir and atazanavir. Boston, N; Brazeau, D; Catanzaro, LM; DiFrancesco, R; Fischl, MA; Forrest, A; Gripshover, B; Higgins, N; Lliguicota, F; Ma, Q; Morse, GD; Reichman, RC; Slish, J; Tooley, K; Zingman, BS, )	0.35
"We assessed the safety and efficacy and evaluated the adherence to lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) dosed QD or BID in antiretroviral-naive, HIV-1-infected subjects through 96 weeks of treatment."	( A lopinavir/ritonavir-based once-daily regimen results in better compliance and is non-inferior to a twice-daily regimen through 96 weeks. Domingo, P; Hairrell, JM; Hanna, GJ; Johnson, MA; King, MS; Molina, JM; Myers, R; Podsadecki, TJ; Rode, RA; Wilkin, A, 2007)	1.3
" Rosuvastatin and lopinavir/ritonavir should be used with caution until the safety, efficacy, and appropriate dosing of this combination have been demonstrated in larger populations."	( Drug/Drug interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and rosuvastatin in healthy volunteers. Flynn, DM; Gerber, JG; Hoody, DW; Kiser, JJ; Predhomme, JA; Wolfe, P, 2008)	0.97
" From days 6-15, volunteers were randomized to receive lopinavir/ritonavir tablets dosed as either 600/150 or 800/200 mg twice daily, both in addition to 600 mg rifampicin once daily."	( High incidence of adverse events in healthy volunteers receiving rifampicin and adjusted doses of lopinavir/ritonavir tablets. Aarnoutse, RE; Boeree, MJ; Burger, DM; Koopmans, PP; L'homme, RF; Nijland, HM; Rongen, GA; van Crevel, R; van Uden, P, 2008)	0.81
"Fifty children at 2 sites in Thailand were treated with standard dosing of SQV and LPV/r."	( Double boosted protease inhibitors, saquinavir, and lopinavir/ritonavir, in nucleoside pretreated children at 48 weeks. Ananworanich, J; Boonrak, P; Bunupuradah, T; Burger, D; Engchanil, C; Intasan, J; Kosalaraksa, P; Lumbiganon, P; Ruxrungtham, K; Schutz, M, 2008)	0.6
"The pharmacokinetics of EFV and LPV/RTV in hemodialysis suggests that no dosing adjustments are necessary in treatment-naive patients."	( The pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics of efavirenz and lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected persons requiring hemodialysis. Amorosa, V; Cramer, YS; Gupta, SK; Hall, SD; Koletar, SL; Rosenkranz, SL; Szczech, LA, 2008)	0.59
" Further exploration of regimens and dosing of antiretrovirals for children in these settings is needed."	( Two-year outcomes of children on non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and protease inhibitor regimens in a South African pediatric antiretroviral program. Berrisford, AE; Boulle, AM; Jaspan, HB, 2008)	0.35
"Use of standard adult lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/RTV) dosing (400/100 mg) during the third trimester of pregnancy results in reduced LPV exposure."	( Lopinavir exposure with an increased dose during pregnancy. Best, BM; Burchett, SK; Capparelli, E; Gaddipati, S; Holland, DT; Hu, C; Mirochnick, M; Read, JS; Smith, E; Stek, AM, 2008)	2.1
" These data suggest that the higher LPV/RTV dose should be used in third trimester pregnant women; that it should be considered in second trimester pregnant women, especially those who are protease inhibitor experienced; and that postpartum LPV/RTV dosing can be reduced to standard dosing by 2 weeks after delivery."	( Lopinavir exposure with an increased dose during pregnancy. Best, BM; Burchett, SK; Capparelli, E; Gaddipati, S; Holland, DT; Hu, C; Mirochnick, M; Read, JS; Smith, E; Stek, AM, 2008)	1.79
" Three different dosing regimens of elvucitabine were administered with lopinavir-ritonavir to 24 subjects with moderate levels of HIV."	( Multiple-dose pharmacokinetic behavior of elvucitabine, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, administered over 21 days with lopinavir-ritonavir in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected subjects. Colucci, P; Ducharme, MP; Hoepelman, IM; Pottage, JC; Robison, H; Schürmann, D; Turgeon, J, 2009)	0.79
" These values were lower compared with the half-life over the respective dosing intervals (7."	( Pharmacokinetics of atazanavir/ritonavir once daily and lopinavir/ritonavir twice and once daily over 72 h following drug cessation. Back, D; Boffito, M; Else, L; Gazzard, B; Khoo, S; Moyle, G; Pozniak, A; Sousa, M; Taylor, J, 2008)	0.59
" The pharmacokinetic profile of GS-9160 in healthy human volunteers revealed that once-daily dosing was not likely to achieve antiviral efficacy; hence, the clinical development of this compound was discontinued."	( Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase. Chen, J; Chen, X; Geleziunas, R; Hesselgesser, J; Jin, H; Jones, GS; Kim, CU; Tsiang, M; Wright, M; Yu, F; Zeynalzadegan, A, 2009)	0.35
" No evidence is available to guide dosing of lopinavir/ritonavir in tablet formulation in this setting."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir pharmacokinetics in a substitution of high-dose soft-gelatin capsule to tablet formulation. Guillemi, S; Harrigan, PR; Harris, M; Hull, MW; Lima, V; Montaner, JS, 2009)	2.06
"The tablet formulation could probably result in improved lopinavir dosing and increases the feasibility of once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimens in children."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in HIV type-1-infected children taking the new tablet formulation once daily. Burger, DM; Driessen, GJ; Hartwig, NG; van der Flier, M; van der Knaap, LC; van der Lee, M; van Jaarsveld, P; Verweel, G, 2008)	0.91
" We have some theoretical and clinical data available that enables us to consider the possibility of administering DRV/r once a day in some patients with a few mutations in the protease and in those where this dosing regime is considered important."	( [Darunavir as first-line therapy. The TITAN study]. Curran, A; Ribera Pascuet, E, 2008)	0.35
"A total of 191 patients were randomized 2:2:2:1 to one of three APL dosing regimens or to lamivudine (3TC)/zidovudine (ZDV) twice daily (bid), each in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) 400 mg/100 mg bid."	( Antiviral activity and safety of aplaviroc, a CCR5 antagonist, in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected, therapy-naïve patients: results of the EPIC study (CCR100136). Adkison, KK; Berger, D; Bonny, T; Cimoch, P; Lamarca, A; Lazzarin, A; Madison, SJ; McCarty, D; Millard, J; Nichols, WG; Salvato, P; Smaill, FM; Teofilo, E; Yeni, P, 2009)	0.77
" Study M05-730 compared LPV/r tablets dosed once daily vs."	( A once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen is noninferior to twice-daily dosing and results in similar safety and tolerability in antiretroviral-naive subjects through 48 weeks. Bernstein, B; Cohen, DE; da Silva, BA; Fredrick, L; Gathe, J; Gibbs, S; Loutfy, MR; Marsh, T; Naylor, C; Podzamczer, D; Rubio, R, 2009)	0.72
" Safety and tolerability of once-daily and twice-daily dosing was also comparable."	( A once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen is noninferior to twice-daily dosing and results in similar safety and tolerability in antiretroviral-naive subjects through 48 weeks. Bernstein, B; Cohen, DE; da Silva, BA; Fredrick, L; Gathe, J; Gibbs, S; Loutfy, MR; Marsh, T; Naylor, C; Podzamczer, D; Rubio, R, 2009)	0.72
" We report the pharmacokinetics of standard LPV-ritonavir dosing (400/100 mg twice daily) in the immediate and early postpartum period when initiated during labor."	( Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women. Achalapong, J; Chotivanich, N; Cressey, TR; Jourdain, G; Maupin, R; Mirochnick, M; Prommas, S; Puthanakit, T; Roongpisuthipong, A; Shapiro, DE; Smith, E; Van Dyke, R; Yuthavisuthi, P, 2009)	0.63
" Statistical analyses were performed on pharmacokinetic parameters: the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 4 h (AUC(0-4)), the maximum concentration of the drug (C(max)), and the residual concentration of the drug at the end of the dosing interval (C(trough)) for plasma and the AUC(0-4) and C(trough) for intracellular data."	( Pilot pharmacokinetic study of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF): investigation of systemic and intracellular interactions between TDF and abacavir, lamivudine, or lopinavir-ritonavir. Ayen, R; Clotet, B; Grassi, J; Levi, M; Negredo, E; Pruvost, A; Puig, J; Théodoro, F, 2009)	0.54
" However, oxymethylphosphate (OMP) and oxyethylphosphate (OEP) prodrugs provided improved rates of cleavage, high levels of aqueous solubility, and high plasma levels of the parent drugs when dosed orally in rats and dogs."	( Water-soluble prodrugs of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors lopinavir and ritonavir. DeGoey, DA; Flosi, WJ; Grampovnik, DJ; Kati, WM; Kempf, DJ; Klein, LL; Liu, Y; Long, MA; Marsh, KC; McDaniel, KF; Molla, A; Wang, XC, 2009)	0.58
"In total, 50 children from two sites in Thailand were treated with standard dosing of SQV and LPV/r."	( Safety and efficacy of a double-boosted protease inhibitor combination, saquinavir and lopinavir/ritonavir, in pretreated children at 96 weeks. Ananworanich, J; Boonrak, P; Bunupuradah, T; Burger, D; Engchanil, C; Kosalaraksa, P; Lumbiganon, P; Mahanontharit, A; Mengthaisong, T; Puthanakit, T; Ruxrungtham, K; Tompkins, E; van der Lugt, J, 2009)	0.58
"This study suggests that the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir after twice-daily and once-daily dosing are similar, with no observable difference in tolerability, in this group of patients between 5 and 15 years old."	( Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of once- versus twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir treatment in HIV-1-infected children. la Porte, C; Mitchell, CD; Parker, J; Rongkavilit, C; van Heeswijk, R; Zhang, G, 2009)	0.85
"A total of 136 antiretroviral-naïve patients, with a CD4 cell count above 100 cells/microL and a plasma HIV RNA below 100,000 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL, were randomized and dosed with either lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy (n = 83) or lopinavir/ritonavir + zidovudine/lamivudine (n = 53)."	( Long-term (96-week) follow-up of antiretroviral-naïve HIV-infected patients treated with first-line lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy in the MONARK trial. Chaix, ML; Cohen-Codar, I; Delfraissy, JF; Dellamonica, P; Flandre, P; Ghosn, J; Girard, PM; Ngovan, P; Norton, M; Raffi, F, 2010)	0.77
"Virologically controlled patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir were included in a 48 week pilot trial during which lopinavir/ritonavir dosage was reduced if lopinavir concentration was >5000 ng/mL at inclusion."	( Impact of reduced dosing of lopinavir/ritonavir in virologically controlled HIV-infected patients: the Kaledose trial. Girard, PM; Lacombe, K; Meynard, JL; Morand-Joubert, L; Poirier, JM; Slama, L; Valantin, MA, 2010)	0.91
"This pilot study evaluating the biochemical and virological impact of a reduced dosing of lopinavir/ritonavir suggests that lower exposure to lopinavir/ritonavir could be associated with a significant decrease in triglycerides during treatment, without occurrence of resistance mutations that might impact the virological response to treatment."	( Impact of reduced dosing of lopinavir/ritonavir in virologically controlled HIV-infected patients: the Kaledose trial. Girard, PM; Lacombe, K; Meynard, JL; Morand-Joubert, L; Poirier, JM; Slama, L; Valantin, MA, 2010)	0.88
" Each subject had 8 plasma lopinavir concentrations determined over a 12-hour dosing interval and 1 CSF lopinavir C(trough) value determined at the end of the study."	( Lopinavir cerebrospinal fluid steady-state trough concentrations in HIV-infected adults. Cruttenden, K; DiCenzo, R; DiFrancesco, R; Donnelly, J; Schifitto, G, 2009)	2.09
"In this case, dosing recommendations of itraconazole 200 mg daily with lopinavir/ritonavir were appropriate."	( Drug-drug interaction between itraconazole and the protease inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir. Hills-Nieminen, C; Houston, S; Hughes, CA; Shafran, SD, 2009)	0.82
"The dose of itraconazole was reduced to 200 mg daily as recommended by current guidelines, and therapeutic drug monitoring of both itraconazole and lopinavir concentrations confirmed that no further dosage adjustments were necessary."	( Drug-drug interaction between itraconazole and the protease inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir. Hills-Nieminen, C; Houston, S; Hughes, CA; Shafran, SD, 2009)	0.79
"LPV/r dosed QD resulted in increased treatment adherence and was as efficacious as BID LPV/r while providing similar safety, tolerability, and limited resistance evolution."	( Similar safety and efficacy of once- and twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir tablets in treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected subjects at 48 weeks. Andrade-Villanueva, J; Badal-Faesen, S; Bernstein, BM; Fredrick, LM; Gathe, J; Gaultier, IA; Mingrone, H; Podsadecki, TJ; Woodward, WC; Zajdenverg, R, 2010)	0.61
" To compare efficacy of once-daily (QD) versus twice-daily (BID) antiretroviral therapy, we randomized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive, treatment-naive patients to lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) administered at a dosage of 400 mg of lopinavir and 100 mg of ritonavir BID (n = 160) or 800 mg of lopinavir and 200 mg of ritonavir QD (n = 161), plus either emtricitabine 200 mg QD and extended-release stavudine at a dosage of 100 mg QD or tenofovir at a dosage of 300 mg QD."	( Comparison of once-daily versus twice-daily combination antiretroviral therapy in treatment-naive patients: results of AIDS clinical trials group (ACTG) A5073, a 48-week randomized controlled trial. Aberg, J; Andrade, A; Dehlinger, M; Eshleman, SH; Ferguson, E; Flexner, C; Gross, R; Kashuba, A; Kmack, A; Lalama, C; Mildvan, D; Parsons, T; Rosenkranz, SL; Sanne, I; Tierney, C, 2010)	0.55
" A total of 82% of subjects completed the study, and 71% continued to receive the initially assigned dosage schedule."	( Comparison of once-daily versus twice-daily combination antiretroviral therapy in treatment-naive patients: results of AIDS clinical trials group (ACTG) A5073, a 48-week randomized controlled trial. Aberg, J; Andrade, A; Dehlinger, M; Eshleman, SH; Ferguson, E; Flexner, C; Gross, R; Kashuba, A; Kmack, A; Lalama, C; Mildvan, D; Parsons, T; Rosenkranz, SL; Sanne, I; Tierney, C, 2010)	0.36
" These data suggest that 2 tablets of lopinavir-ritonavir BD may be inadequate when dosed with NNRTIs in Ugandan adults, and the dosage should be increased by the addition of an additional adult tablet or a half-dose tablet (100/25 mg), where available."	( Pharmacokinetics of lopinavir-ritonavir with and without nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in Ugandan HIV-infected adults. Dickinson, L; Gibb, DM; Gilks, CF; Kayiwa, J; Khoo, S; Kityo, C; Lutwama, F; Munderi, P; Nalumenya, R; Reid, A; Ssali, F; Tumukunde, D; Walker, AS, 2010)	0.96
" No dosage adjustment for S/GSK1349572 is required when used with lopinavir/ritonavir or darunavir/ritonavir."	( The effect of lopinavir/ritonavir and darunavir/ritonavir on the HIV integrase inhibitor S/GSK1349572 in healthy participants. Borland, J; Chen, S; Ishibashi, T; Lou, Y; Min, SS; Patel, P; Piscitelli, SC; Song, I, 2011)	0.97
" Lopinavir CL/F increased linearly during the dosing interval."	( Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with rifampicin-based antitubercular treatment in HIV-infected South African children. Elsherbiny, D; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; Ren, Y; Simonsson, US, 2010)	1.56
" The time-dependent lopinavir CL/F might be due to a time-dependent recovery from ritonavir inhibition of lopinavir metabolism during the dosing interval."	( Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with rifampicin-based antitubercular treatment in HIV-infected South African children. Elsherbiny, D; Maartens, G; McIlleron, H; Ren, Y; Simonsson, US, 2010)	0.97
" Postpartum dosing can be reduced to standard dosing before 2 weeks postpartum."	( Lopinavir tablet pharmacokinetics with an increased dose during pregnancy. Best, BM; Burchett, SK; Capparelli, EV; Hu, C; Li, H; Mirochnick, M; Read, JS; Rossi, SS; Smith, E; Stek, AM, 2010)	1.8
" Buprenorphine/naloxone and LPV/r can be safely coadministered without need for dosage modification."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between buprenorphine/naloxone and once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir. Altice, FL; Andrews, L; Bruce, RD; Fang, WB; Friedland, GH; Lin, SN; Ma, Q; Moody, DE; Morse, GD, 2010)	0.59
" Emergence of postbaseline resistance mutations occurred at similar low rates in each dosing group."	( Short communication: Comparable safety and efficacy with once-daily versus twice-daily dosing of lopinavir/ritonavir tablets with emtricitabine + tenofovir DF in antiretroviral-naïve, HIV type 1-infected subjects: 96 week final results of the randomized t Bernstein, B; Cohen, D; da Silva, B; Fredrick, L; González-García, J; Johnson, M; Naylor, C; Sloan, L, 2010)	0.58
" Coadministration with LPV/r resulted in a 51% decrease in steady-state area under plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 12 hours (AUC(0-12,ss)) and steady-state maximum measured plasma concentration over a dosing interval (C(max,ss)) and a 50% decrease in steady-state plasma concentration 12 hours post last dosing (C(12,ss)) for BILR 355."	( Coadministration with lopinavir and ritonavir decreases exposure to BILR 355, a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, in healthy volunteers. Berger, F; Castles, MA; Huang, DB; Huang, F; MacGregor, TR; Robinson, P; Scholl, P; Vinisko, R, 2011)	0.68
" Conclusions The above target concentrations achieved in the majority of women and similarities in the fu% suggest standard dosing of the LPV/r tablet is appropriate during pregnancy."	( Therapeutic drug monitoring of lopinavir/ritonavir in pregnancy. Back, DJ; Boyle, N; Breiden, J; Brennan, M; Connor, EO; Coulter-Smith, S; Dickinson, L; Else, LJ; Fleming, C; Gibbons, S; Jackson, V; Khoo, SH; Lambert, JS, 2011)	0.66
" Healthy volunteer studies have demonstrated a decrease in glucose disposal associated with dosing with specific antiretrovirals."	( Effect of boosted fosamprenavir or lopinavir-based combinations on whole-body insulin sensitivity and lipids in treatment-naive HIV-type-1-positive men. Back, DJ; Boffito, M; Jackson, AG; Mandalia, S; Moyle, GJ; Randell, PA; Taylor, J; Tjia, JF, 2010)	0.64
" Initial TDM results prompted dosage change in 10% and assessment of adherence and/or pharmacist review in 11%."	( Utility of therapeutic drug monitoring in the management of HIV-infected pregnant women in receipt of lopinavir. Caswell, RJ; Chaponda, M; Ghanem, M; Gibbons, S; Jackson, V; Khoo, SH; Lambert, JS; Phillips, D; Poulton, M; Taylor, GP; Welch, J, 2011)	0.58
"Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling was applied to explore the relationship between lopinavir and ritonavir concentrations over 72 h following drug cessation and also to assess other lopinavir and ritonavir dosing strategies compared to the standard 400-mg-100-mg twice-daily dose."	( Sequential population pharmacokinetic modeling of lopinavir and ritonavir in healthy volunteers and assessment of different dosing strategies. Aarons, L; Back, D; Boffito, M; Davies, G; Dickinson, L; Else, L; Khoo, S; Moyle, G; Pozniak, A; von Hentig, N, 2011)	0.85
" We aimed at determining the optimal dosing regimen in neonates and infants weighing 1 to 10."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir population pharmacokinetics in neonates and infants. Anderson, ST; Blanche, S; Faye, A; Firtion, G; Giraud, C; Hirt, D; Khoo, S; Leprevost, M; Lyall, H; Peytavin, G; Solas, C; Thuret, I; Tréluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2011)	1.81
" Based upon trough concentration limitations, suggested LPV/r dosing regimens were 40 mg 12 h(-1), 80 mg 12 h(-1) and 120 mg 12 h(-1) in the 1-2 kg, 2-6 kg and 6-10 kg group, respectively."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir population pharmacokinetics in neonates and infants. Anderson, ST; Blanche, S; Faye, A; Firtion, G; Giraud, C; Hirt, D; Khoo, S; Leprevost, M; Lyall, H; Peytavin, G; Solas, C; Thuret, I; Tréluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2011)	1.81
"To describe laboratory abnormalities among HIV-infected women and their infants with standard and increased lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) dosing during the third trimester of pregnancy."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir dosing during pregnancy in Brazil and maternal/infant laboratory abnormalities. Ceriotto, M; João, EC; Kreitchmann, R; Melo, VH; Mussi-Pinhata, MM; Peixoto, MF; Pilotto, JH; Read, J; Souza, Rda S; Stoszek, SK, )	1.79
"164 women received LPV/r standard dosing [(798/198 or 800/200 mg/day) (Group 1)] and 70 increased dosing [(> 800/200 mg/day) (Group 2)]."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir dosing during pregnancy in Brazil and maternal/infant laboratory abnormalities. Ceriotto, M; João, EC; Kreitchmann, R; Melo, VH; Mussi-Pinhata, MM; Peixoto, MF; Pilotto, JH; Read, J; Souza, Rda S; Stoszek, SK, )	1.57
" Increased LPV/r dosing during the third trimester of pregnancy appears to be safe for HIV-infected women and their infants."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir dosing during pregnancy in Brazil and maternal/infant laboratory abnormalities. Ceriotto, M; João, EC; Kreitchmann, R; Melo, VH; Mussi-Pinhata, MM; Peixoto, MF; Pilotto, JH; Read, J; Souza, Rda S; Stoszek, SK, )	1.57
" Lopinavir was active at levels well below those achieved with standard dosing of coformulated lopinavir-ritonavir."	( In vitro activity of antiretroviral drugs against Plasmodium falciparum. Nsanzabana, C; Rosenthal, PJ, 2011)	1.28
"Lopinavir exposure was reduced during the third trimester in pregnant women receiving standard dosing of the soft-gel capsule (SGC; 400/100 mg twice daily [b."	( Improved oral bioavailability of lopinavir in melt-extruded tablet formulation reduces impact of third trimester on lopinavir plasma concentrations. Back, DJ; Dickinson, L; Douglas, M; Else, LJ; Khoo, SH; Taylor, GP, 2012)	2.1
"Atazanavir geometric mean (CV%) C(max), C(min) and AUC over the dosing interval were 2897 (46) ng/mL, 526 (57) ng/mL and 28 605 (46) ng · h/mL, respectively, and for lopinavir they were 10 655 (51) ng/mL, 5944 (68) ng/mL and 90 946 (59) ng · h/mL, respectively."	( Pharmacokinetics and inhibitory quotient of atazanavir/ritonavir versus lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected, treatment-naive patients who participated in the CASTLE Study. Bertz, R; Child, M; Eley, T; Farajallah, A; Krystal, M; Liao, S; McGrath, D; Molina, JM; Persson, A; Sevinsky, H; Xu, X; Zhang, J; Zhu, L, 2012)	0.81
" A population PK analysis was performed using NONMEM to characterize changes in lopinavir (LPV) PK relating to maturational changes in infants, and to assess dosing requirements in this population."	( Assessment of lopinavir pharmacokinetics with respect to developmental changes in infants and the impact on weight band-based dosing. Alvero, C; Capparelli, EV; Chadwick, EG; Hazra, R; Heckman, BE; Hughes, ML; Nikanjam, M; Palumbo, P; Pinto, J; Robbins, B; Yogev, R, 2012)	0.97
"In this study, a slight but not significant decrease in the plasma lopinavir C(trough) was found during the third trimester of pregnancy, suggesting that standard dosing of the tablet formulation is also appropriate during the later stages of pregnancy."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir trough concentrations with the tablet formulation in HIV-1-infected women during the third trimester of pregnancy. Borderi, M; Calza, L; Colangeli, V; Grossi, G; Manfredi, R; Motta, R; Salvadori, C; Trapani, F; Viale, P, 2012)	2.06
" Simulations of the lopinavir concentration profile were performed with different dosing regimens considering the different alleles."	( Estimation of the effect of SLCO1B1 polymorphisms on lopinavir plasma concentration in HIV-infected adults. Back, DJ; Boffito, M; Davies, G; Dickinson, L; Egan, D; Khoo, SH; Owen, A; Schipani, A; Youle, M, 2012)	0.95
" Intensive pharmacokinetic sampling was performed 7 days apart after LPV/r dosing under moderate fat, high fat, and fasted meal conditions."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics of lopinavir plus ritonavir when administered under different meal conditions in HIV-infected Ugandan adults. Back, D; Boffito, M; Byakika-Kibwika, P; Khoo, S; Lamorde, M; Mayito, J; Merry, C; Nabukeera, L; Ogwal-Okeng, J; Ryan, M; Tjia, J, 2012)	0.66
" Prospective pharmacokinetic studies to devise a rational dosing strategy for vinblastine in patients receiving ritonavir/lopinavir are warranted."	( Incidence, predictors and significance of severe toxicity in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated Hodgkin lymphoma. Boro, J; Cheung, MC; Ezzat, HM; Harris, M; Hicks, LK; Leitch, HA; Lima, VD; Montaner, JS, 2012)	0.59
" Factors that may have contributed to the suboptimal results with nevirapine include elevated viral load at baseline, selection for nevirapine resistance, background regimen of nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, and the standard ramp-up dosing strategy."	( Nevirapine versus ritonavir-boosted lopinavir for HIV-infected children. Abrams, EJ; Barlow-Mosha, L; Bobat, R; Chi, BH; Cotton, MF; Eshleman, SH; Hughes, MD; Jean-Philippe, P; Kamthunzi, P; Khadse, S; Lindsey, JC; Millar, L; Mofenson, LM; Moultrie, H; Mujuru, HA; Palumbo, P; Petzold, E; Purdue, L; Schimana, W; Violari, A, 2012)	0.65
" To identify risk factors for nonoptimal anticoagulation and to determine if warfarin dosing is differentially affected by specific antiretroviral agents."	( Warfarin therapy in the HIV medical home model: low rates of therapeutic anticoagulation despite adherence and differences in dosing based on specific antiretrovirals. Anderson, AM; Chane, T; Chen, S; Easley, KA; Patel, M; Xue, W, 2012)	0.38
" However, there are challenges to initiate ART in early life, including the possibility of drug resistance in the context of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programs, a paucity of drug choices , uncertain dosing for some medications and long-term toxicities."	( Effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children under 2 years of age. Cotton, M; Gibb, D; Penazzato, M; Prendergast, A; Tierney, J, 2012)	0.38
" We described the free and total pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in HIV-infected pregnant and non-pregnant women, and evaluated whether significant alterations in its disposition and protein binding warrant systematic dosage adjustment."	( Free and total plasma levels of lopinavir during pregnancy, at delivery and postpartum: implications for dosage adjustments in pregnant women. Biollaz, J; Buclin, T; Cavassini, M; Cruchon, S; Decosterd, LA; Eap, CB; Fayet-Mello, A; Grawe, C; Gremlich, E; Guignard, N; Martinez de Tejada, B; Popp, KA; Schmid, F; Telenti, A, 2013)	0.92
" No dosage adjustment is therefore needed during pregnancy as it is unlikely to further enhance treatment efficacy but could potentially increase the risk of maternal and fetal toxicity."	( Free and total plasma levels of lopinavir during pregnancy, at delivery and postpartum: implications for dosage adjustments in pregnant women. Biollaz, J; Buclin, T; Cavassini, M; Cruchon, S; Decosterd, LA; Eap, CB; Fayet-Mello, A; Grawe, C; Gremlich, E; Guignard, N; Martinez de Tejada, B; Popp, KA; Schmid, F; Telenti, A, 2013)	0.67
" Lopinavir AUC(0-24) following twice-daily and once-daily dosing was 169."	( Once- versus twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir tablets in virologically suppressed, HIV-infected, treatment-experienced children: comparative pharmacokinetics and virological outcome after switching to once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir. Chokephaibulkit, K; Cressey, TR; Lapphra, K; Nuntarukchaikul, M; Phongsamart, W; Vanprapar, N; Wittawatmongkol, O, 2012)	1.59
" Further efficacy studies of lopinavir/ritonavir once daily in children are necessary before routinely recommending this dosing strategy."	( Once- versus twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir tablets in virologically suppressed, HIV-infected, treatment-experienced children: comparative pharmacokinetics and virological outcome after switching to once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir. Chokephaibulkit, K; Cressey, TR; Lapphra, K; Nuntarukchaikul, M; Phongsamart, W; Vanprapar, N; Wittawatmongkol, O, 2012)	0.97
"In HIV-infected patients receiving rifampicin-based treatment for tuberculosis (TB), the dosage of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) is adjusted to prevent sub-therapeutic lopinavir concentrations."	( Coadministration of lopinavir/ritonavir and rifampicin in HIV and tuberculosis co-infected adults in South Africa. Gandhi, RT; Kuritzkes, DR; Marconi, VC; Murphy, RA; Sunpath, H, 2012)	0.92
" The durability of coadministered treatment was significantly shorter in patients who received super-boosted lopinavir/ritonavir with TB treatment compared to patients who received standard lopinavir/ritonavir dosing (log rank, P = 0."	( Coadministration of lopinavir/ritonavir and rifampicin in HIV and tuberculosis co-infected adults in South Africa. Gandhi, RT; Kuritzkes, DR; Marconi, VC; Murphy, RA; Sunpath, H, 2012)	0.91
"Uncertainty surrounds the correct dosing of lopinavir/r (LPV/r) in HIV-infected children not receiving non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors."	( Lopinavir dosing in HIV-infected children in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Butler, K; Doerholt, K; Donegan, K; Gibb, DM; Judd, A; Lyall, H; Menson, E; Riordan, A; Shingadia, D; Tookey, P; Tudor-Williams, G; Walker, AS, 2013)	2.09
" Results highlight the importance of optimizing dosing in HIV-infected children of all ages."	( Lopinavir dosing in HIV-infected children in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Butler, K; Doerholt, K; Donegan, K; Gibb, DM; Judd, A; Lyall, H; Menson, E; Riordan, A; Shingadia, D; Tookey, P; Tudor-Williams, G; Walker, AS, 2013)	1.83
" Coadministration with boceprevir decreased RTV AUC during a dosing interval τ (AUC(τ)) by 22%-36%."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between the hepatitis C virus protease inhibitor boceprevir and ritonavir-boosted HIV-1 protease inhibitors atazanavir, darunavir, and lopinavir. Butterton, JR; Feng, HP; Hughes, EA; Hulskotte, EG; O'Mara, E; Treitel, MA; van Zutven, MG; Wagner, JA; Xuan, F; Youngberg, SP, 2013)	0.59
"Standard LPV dosing achieved therapeutic levels in pregnancy and no appreciable concentrations in breast milk."	( Therapeutic levels of lopinavir in late pregnancy and abacavir passage into breast milk in the Mma Bana Study, Botswana. Capparelli, E; Essex, M; Leidner, J; Lockman, S; Makhema, J; Moffat, C; Moss, M; Moyo, S; Ogwu, A; Rossi, S; Shapiro, RL, 2013)	0.7
" Until then, guidelines for drug-drug interactions and dosing in renal and hepatic impairment should be followed in older HIV-infected individuals."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral drugs in older persons. Anderson, PL; Erlandson, KM; Schoen, JC, 2013)	0.39
" Lopinavir plasma exposure as estimated by the area under the concentration-time curve over the 12-h dosing interval (AUC(0-12h), AUCτ) was determined on day 14 and again on day 21."	( Co-administration of a commonly used Zimbabwean herbal treatment (African potato) does not alter the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir. Aweeka, F; Greenblatt, R; Guglielmo, BJ; Gwaza, L; Huang, L; Lizak, P, 2013)	1.51
" Our results demonstrate that the HIV PI lopinavir inhibits liver stage parasites at clinically relevant concentrations, that is, at drug levels achieved in HIV-infected patients on standard dosing regimens."	( The effect of antiretrovirals on Plasmodium falciparum liver stages. Borkowsky, W; De La Vega, P; Duffy, PE; Hobbs, CV; Krzych, U; Penzak, SR; Sinnis, P; Van Vliet, J, 2013)	0.66
" They are characterized by highly cooperative dose-response curves that are not explained by current pharmacodynamic theory."	( Multi-step inhibition explains HIV-1 protease inhibitor pharmacodynamics and resistance. Bailey, JR; Chioma, S; Durand, CM; Laird, GM; Laskey, S; Moore, RD; Rabi, SA; Shan, L; Siliciano, RF, 2013)	0.39
" The model can also simulate a concentration-time course with a difference dosing and variable which can be used for further describing the pharmacology of the drug interaction when combine with the other drugs."	( Compartmental pharmacokinetic modeling of lopinavir in humans. Duangchaemkarn, K; Lohitnavy, M, 2013)	0.65
" Pharmacokinetic studies suggest increasing the dosage of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) in pregnancy."	( A randomized controlled trial to assess safety, tolerability, and antepartum viral load with increased lopinavir/ritonavir dosage in pregnancy. Bonafe, SM; Castelo, A; Costa, DA; Machado, RH; Pott-Junior, H; Senise, JF; Vaz, MJ, 2013)	0.85
"No major changes were identified in the group treated with the lowest dosing compared with the control."	( Effects of combined zidovudine/lopinavir/ritonavir therapy during rat pregnancy: morphological aspects. de Carvalho, LP; Kulay, L; Nakamura, MU; Oliveira-Filho, RM; Simões, RS; Tavella, JS; Wagner, A, 2013)	0.68
" This comprehensive modelling and simulation approach could be used as a surrogate assessment of antiretroviral (ARV) activity where adequate early-phase dose-ranging studies are lacking in order to define target trough concentrations and possibly refine dosing recommendations."	( Integrated population pharmacokinetic/viral dynamic modelling of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1 treatment-naïve patients. Acosta, EP; D'Argenio, DZ; Delille, C; Kerstner-Wood, C; Lennox, JL; Ofotokun, I; Sheth, AN; Wang, K, 2014)	0.64
" Dosing is based on body weight bands or body surface area under FDA approval and only body surface area by the EMA."	( Pharmacokinetics of pediatric lopinavir/ritonavir tablets in children when administered twice daily according to FDA weight bands. Bastiaans, DE; Burger, DM; Chalermpantmetagul, S; Colbers, AP; Compagnucci, A; Cressey, TR; Forcat, S; Giaquinto, C; Hansudewechakul, R; Harper, LM; Inshaw, JR; Kanjanavanit, S; Königs, C; Lyall, H; Noguera-Julian, A; Saïdi, Y, 2014)	0.69
"FDA weight band-based dosing recommendations provide adequate exposure to LPV when using LPV/r pediatric tablets."	( Pharmacokinetics of pediatric lopinavir/ritonavir tablets in children when administered twice daily according to FDA weight bands. Bastiaans, DE; Burger, DM; Chalermpantmetagul, S; Colbers, AP; Compagnucci, A; Cressey, TR; Forcat, S; Giaquinto, C; Hansudewechakul, R; Harper, LM; Inshaw, JR; Kanjanavanit, S; Königs, C; Lyall, H; Noguera-Julian, A; Saïdi, Y, 2014)	0.69
" With both dosing regimens, 2 - 5 fold increases of the 25-O-desacetyl- rifabutin metabolite were observed when rifabutin was given with lopinavir/ritonavir compared with rifabutin alone."	( Randomised pharmacokinetic trial of rifabutin with lopinavir/ritonavir-antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis in Vietnam. Barrail-Tran, A; Borand, L; Connolly, C; Duc, NH; Dung, NH; Harries, AD; Lagarde, D; Lan, NN; Lan, NT; Laureillard, D; Lien, TT; Lienhardt, C; Pym, A; Quillet, C; Taburet, AM; Thu, NT, 2014)	0.86
" LPV concentrations were also monitored on a routine basis, after 2 weeks of treatment initiation, between 1 and 24 hours after dosing in all children."	( Concentration-response model of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected pediatric patients. Benaboud, S; Blanche, S; Bouazza, N; Foissac, F; Frange, P; Hirt, D; Tréluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2014)	0.69
"The CLPV90 derived from this model supports current dosing guidelines."	( Concentration-response model of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected pediatric patients. Benaboud, S; Blanche, S; Bouazza, N; Foissac, F; Frange, P; Hirt, D; Tréluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2014)	0.69
" Twelve-hour intensive pharmacokinetic sampling after observed LPV/r intake (plus 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) following World Health Organization 2010 dosing with food was performed 4 weeks after enrollment."	( The pharmacokinetics and acceptability of lopinavir/ritonavir minitab sprinkles, tablets, and syrups in african HIV-infected children. Burger, D; Fillekes, Q; Gibb, DM; Keishanyu, R; Kekitiinwa, A; Kendall, L; Lallemant, M; Musiime, V; Namuddu, R; Opilo, W; Walker, AS; Young, N, 2014)	0.67
" However, there are challenges to initiation of ART in early life, including the possibility of drug resistance in the context of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programs, a paucity of drug choices , uncertain dosing for some medications and long-term toxicities."	( Optimisation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children under 3 years of age. Abrams, E; Muhe, LM; Penazzato, M; Prendergast, AJ; Tindyebwa, D, 2014)	0.4
" In South Africa, clinicians are advised to use 'double-dose' LPV/r dosed at 800 mg/200 mg twice daily during anti-tuberculosis treatment."	( Double-dose lopinavir-ritonavir in combination with rifampicin-based anti-tuberculosis treatment in South Africa. Chelin, N; Cohen, S; Gandhi, RT; Murphy, RA; Sunpath, H; Tennant, I; Winternheimer, P, 2014)	0.78
" Pharmacokinetic sampling occurred at the end of each dosing period."	( Phase I safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacogenetics study of the antituberculosis drug PA-824 with concomitant lopinavir-ritonavir, efavirenz, or rifampin. Allen, R; Aweeka, F; Bao, J; Cramer, Y; Dooley, KE; Haas, DW; Koletar, SL; Luetkemeyer, AF; Marzan, F; Murray, S; Park, JG; Savic, R; Sutherland, D, 2014)	0.61
" Efficacious, safe bedaquiline dosing for MDR-TB patients receiving antiretrovirals is important."	( Impact of lopinavir-ritonavir or nevirapine on bedaquiline exposures and potential implications for patients with tuberculosis-HIV coinfection. Dooley, KE; Karlsson, MO; Svensson, EM, 2014)	0.8
"Standard dosing provides adequate lopinavir trough concentrations for the majority of pregnant women but increased doses may be preferable for women weighing >100 kg and with a history of lopinavir/ritonavir use and/or adherence issues."	( Impact of body weight and missed doses on lopinavir concentrations with standard and increased lopinavir/ritonavir doses during late pregnancy. Best, BM; Buranabanjasatean, S; Capparelli, EV; Cressey, TR; Jourdain, G; Lallemant, M; Limtrakul, A; Mirochnick, M; Rawangban, B; Sabsanong, P; Stek, A; Treluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2015)	0.96
" This work aimed to develop appropriate drug ratios and dosing for each FDC."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir plus lamivudine and abacavir or zidovudine dose ratios for paediatric fixed-dose combinations. Bouazza, N; Burger, D; Capparelli, EV; Fauchet, F; Foissac, F; Kiechel, JR; Lallemant, M; Treluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2015)	1.86
" Monte-Carlo simulations of WHO and FDA dosing recommendations were performed to assess their ability to provide optimal exposure in children weighing 4 to 25 kg based on consensus plasma targets."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir plus lamivudine and abacavir or zidovudine dose ratios for paediatric fixed-dose combinations. Bouazza, N; Burger, D; Capparelli, EV; Fauchet, F; Foissac, F; Kiechel, JR; Lallemant, M; Treluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2015)	1.86
" Given the recommended drug ratios, the dosage for the 4-5."	( Lopinavir/ritonavir plus lamivudine and abacavir or zidovudine dose ratios for paediatric fixed-dose combinations. Bouazza, N; Burger, D; Capparelli, EV; Fauchet, F; Foissac, F; Kiechel, JR; Lallemant, M; Treluyer, JM; Urien, S, 2015)	1.86
"We conducted an open-label study of rifabutin dosed at 5 mg/kg three times a week in HIV-infected children≤5 years of age receiving lopinavir/ritonavir."	( Pharmacokinetics and safety of rifabutin in young HIV-infected children receiving rifabutin and lopinavir/ritonavir. Gous, H; Kellermann, T; Kindra, G; McIlleron, H; Moultrie, H; Sawry, S; Van Rie, A; Wiesner, L, 2015)	0.84
"Rifabutin dosed at 5 mg/kg three times per week resulted in lower AUC0-48, AUC0-24 and Cmax values for rifabutin and 25-O-desacetyl rifabutin compared with adults receiving 150 mg of rifabutin daily, the current recommended dose."	( Pharmacokinetics and safety of rifabutin in young HIV-infected children receiving rifabutin and lopinavir/ritonavir. Gous, H; Kellermann, T; Kindra, G; McIlleron, H; Moultrie, H; Sawry, S; Van Rie, A; Wiesner, L, 2015)	0.64
" These high concentrations continued after delivery in spite of a dosage reduction."	( CYP3A4 polymorphism and lopinavir toxicity in an HIV-infected pregnant woman. Cabrera Figueroa, SE; Domínguez-Gil Hurlé, A; Iglesias Gómez, A; López Aspiroz, E; Valverde Merino, MP, 2015)	0.72
"We document our experience with therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antiretroviral agents (1807 determinations) carried out as day-by-day clinical practice for the optimization of drug dosing in HIV-infected patients."	( Is it time to revise antiretrovirals dosing? a pharmacokinetic viewpoint. Baldelli, S; Castoldi, S; Cattaneo, D; Charbe, N; Clementi, E; Cozzi, V; Fucile, S, 2014)	0.4
" As these anti-HIV lipid nanoparticles also prolonged plasma drug exposure, they hold promise as a long-acting dosage form for HIV patients in addressing residual virus in cells and tissue."	( Anti-HIV drug-combination nanoparticles enhance plasma drug exposure duration as well as triple-drug combination levels in cells within lymph nodes and blood in primates. Freeling, JP; Ho, RJ; Koehn, J; Shu, C; Sun, J, 2015)	0.42
" Sub-optimal dosing can lead to acquired rifamycin resistance (ARR)."	( Randomized pharmacokinetic evaluation of different rifabutin doses in African HIV- infected tuberculosis patients on lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy. Connolly, C; Harries, A; Kellerman, T; Lienhardt, C; McIlleron, H; Naiker, S; Pym, A; Reddy, T; Wiesner, L, 2014)	0.61
" Plasma d-RBT concentrations increased 5-fold with tiw rifabutin dosing and 15-fold with daily doses of rifabutin."	( Randomized pharmacokinetic evaluation of different rifabutin doses in African HIV- infected tuberculosis patients on lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy. Connolly, C; Harries, A; Kellerman, T; Lienhardt, C; McIlleron, H; Naiker, S; Pym, A; Reddy, T; Wiesner, L, 2014)	0.61
" The development of new antiretroviral drugs with simpler dosing regimens and lower toxicity has led to evaluation of innovative strategies such as dual therapy for initial ART in treatment-naive, with the aim of preventing long-term toxicity and increasing treatment adherence."	( [Lopinavir/ritonavir in new initial antiretroviral treatment strategies]. Cahn, P; Figueroa, MI; Rolón, MJ; Sued, O, 2014)	1.31
" In patients with renal failure, LPV/r does not require dosage adjustment because it is metabolized in the liver."	( [Lopinavir/ritonavir in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection in special situations]. Aldeguer, JL; Tasias, M, 2014)	1.31
" Although combinations of ritonavir and lopinavir have shown higher plasma concentration level of LPV in clinical settings, dosage adjustment is still required to maintain an adequate therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects."	( A pharmacokinetic model of lopinavir in combination with ritonavir in human. Duangchaemkarn, K; Lohitnavy, M; Reisfeld, B, 2014)	0.97
" Plasma progesterone concentrations were measured every 2 weeks after DMPA dosing through week 12."	( Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate in combination with a twice-daily lopinavir-ritonavir-based regimen in HIV-infected women showed effective contraception and a lack of clinically significant interactions, with good safety and tolerability: results of the Aweeka, F; Cohn, SE; Cramer, Y; Klingman, KL; Livingston, E; Luque, AE; Park, JG; Watts, DH; Weinberg, A, 2015)	0.65
"Atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r) recently became the preferred protease inhibitor (PI) for use in Nigeria since it is dosed once daily, which may improve treatment adherence and has fewer side effects than lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r)--the most widely available PI in resource-limited settings."	( Immunological and Virological Outcomes of Patients Switched from LPV/r to ATV/r-Containing Second- Line Regimens. Adeyemo, T; Akanmu, AS; Awolola, A; Bello, FO; Kanki, PJ; Lesi, F; Ogunsola, FT; Okonkwo, P; Okwuegbuna, K; Oloko, K, 2015)	0.61
"The aims of this study were to describe the unbound and total lopinavir (LPV) pharmacokinetics in pregnant women in order to evaluate if a dosing adjustment is necessary during pregnancy."	( Population approach to analyze the pharmacokinetics of free and total lopinavir in HIV-infected pregnant women and consequences for dose adjustment. Blanche, S; Delmas, S; Fauchet, F; Hirt, D; Illamola, SM; Lechedanec, J; Lui, G; Mandelbrot, L; Pressiat, C; Treluyer, JM; Tubiana, R; Urien, S; Valade, E; Warszawski, J, 2015)	0.89
"Major protease inhibitor resistance mutations were common in this study of HIV-1-infected children, with the timing of tuberculosis treatment and subsequent protease inhibitor dosing strategy proving to be important associated factors."	( Factors Associated with the Development of Drug Resistance Mutations in HIV-1 Infected Children Failing Protease Inhibitor-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in South Africa. Avenant, T; du Plessis, NM; Feucht, UD; Melikian, G; Rossouw, TM; Thomas, W; van Dyk, G, 2015)	0.42
" In addition, linear mixed-effect analysis was used to compare the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 12 h (AUC0-12) and concentration prior to dosing (Cpredose) in pregnant women and nonpregnant subjects."	( No Need for Lopinavir Dose Adjustment during Pregnancy: a Population Pharmacokinetic and Exposure-Response Analysis in Pregnant and Nonpregnant HIV-Infected Subjects. Jones, AK; Klein, CE; Nilius, AM; Patterson, KB; Salem, AH; Santini-Oliveira, M; Taylor, GP, 2016)	0.81
") dosing in children."	( Once vs. twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected children. , 2015)	0.74
" dosing remains an option in selected, adherent children, with close viral load monitoring."	( Once vs. twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected children. , 2015)	0.74
"The aim of this study was to develop a nanotechnology to formulate a fixed-dose combination of poorly water-soluble drugs in a children-friendly, flexible solid dosage form."	( Development and in vivo evaluation of child-friendly lopinavir/ritonavir pediatric granules utilizing novel in situ self-assembly nanoparticles. Dong, X; Guo, S; Li, D; Penzak, S; Pham, K, 2016)	0.68
"Population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) analyses often rely on steady state and full adherence to prescribed dosage regimen assumptions from data gathered during therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)."	( Comparison of Population Pharmacokinetics Based on Steady-State Assumption Versus Electronically Monitored Adherence to Lopinavir, Atazanavir, Efavirenz, and Etravirine: A Retrospective Study. Buclin, T; Bugnon, O; Cavassini, M; Csajka, C; Fuchs, A; Rotzinger, A; Schneider, MP, 2016)	0.64
"Published PopPK models for lopinavir, atazanavir, efavirenz, and etravirine were applied to estimate PK parameters and individual concentrations in 140 HIV patients taking part in a medication adherence program using 2 dosing data sets."	( Comparison of Population Pharmacokinetics Based on Steady-State Assumption Versus Electronically Monitored Adherence to Lopinavir, Atazanavir, Efavirenz, and Etravirine: A Retrospective Study. Buclin, T; Bugnon, O; Cavassini, M; Csajka, C; Fuchs, A; Rotzinger, A; Schneider, MP, 2016)	0.94
"Clearance estimates and likewise predicted concentrations did not markedly differ between the 2 dosing histories."	( Comparison of Population Pharmacokinetics Based on Steady-State Assumption Versus Electronically Monitored Adherence to Lopinavir, Atazanavir, Efavirenz, and Etravirine: A Retrospective Study. Buclin, T; Bugnon, O; Cavassini, M; Csajka, C; Fuchs, A; Rotzinger, A; Schneider, MP, 2016)	0.64
"PopPK analysis assuming steady state with full adherence produced similar results to those based on detailed electronic dosing history reconciled with patients' allegations."	( Comparison of Population Pharmacokinetics Based on Steady-State Assumption Versus Electronically Monitored Adherence to Lopinavir, Atazanavir, Efavirenz, and Etravirine: A Retrospective Study. Buclin, T; Bugnon, O; Cavassini, M; Csajka, C; Fuchs, A; Rotzinger, A; Schneider, MP, 2016)	0.64
" This study sheds light on the complex dissolution and solution phase behavior of multicomponent amorphous dosage forms, in particular those containing poorly water soluble drugs, which may undergo supersaturation in vivo."	( Compromised in vitro dissolution and membrane transport of multidrug amorphous formulations. Alhalaweh, A; Bergström, CAS; Taylor, LS, 2016)	0.43
" Here we present a population pharmacokinetic model to describe the longitudinal change of unbound lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/RTV) PK parameters with gestational age, and to predict unbound LPV concentrations under different dosing regimens."	( Model-Based Analysis of Unbound Lopinavir Pharmacokinetics in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women Supports Standard Dosing in the Third Trimester. Chen, J; Dumond, JB; Malone, S; Patterson, KB; Prince, HM, 2016)	0.93
" One hundred patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (65% coinfected with HIV-1) were intensively sampled to determine rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide plasma concentrations after 7 to 8 weeks of a daily quadruple-therapy regimen dosed according to World Health Organization (WHO) weight bands."	( HIV-1 Coinfection Does Not Reduce Exposure to Rifampin, Isoniazid, and Pyrazinamide in South African Tuberculosis Outpatients. Chirehwa, M; Denti, P; McIlleron, H; Meintjes, G; Rockwood, N; Wiesner, L; Wilkinson, RJ, 2016)	0.43
" A hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp was performed prior to and following each 2-week dosing phase."	( An open-label, randomized study of the impact on insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and vascular inflammation by treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or raltegravir in HIV-negative male volunteers. Boffito, M; Jackson, A; Milinkovic, A; Moyle, G; Randell, P, 2017)	0.66
" For treatment, the WHO dosing guidelines should be suitable to maintain values above the therapeutic pharmacokinetic targets in most infants."	( Are Prophylactic and Therapeutic Target Concentrations Different?: the Case of Lopinavir-Ritonavir or Lamivudine Administered to Infants for Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV-1 Transmission during Breastfeeding. Blanche, S; Blume, J; Bouazza, N; Foissac, F; Harper, K; Hirt, D; Illamola, SM; Kankasa, C; Meda, N; Nagot, N; Singata-Madliki, M; Tréluyer, JM; Tumwine, JK; Tylleskär, T; Van de Perre, P, 2017)	0.68
" To normalise bedaquiline exposure in patients with concomitant LPV/r therapy, an adjusted bedaquiline dosing regimen is proposed for further study."	( Confirming model-predicted pharmacokinetic interactions between bedaquiline and lopinavir/ritonavir or nevirapine in patients with HIV and drug-resistant tuberculosis. Brill, MJ; Karlsson, MO; Maartens, G; Pandie, M; Svensson, EM, 2017)	0.68
" Also, the exposure to LPV on the initial once-daily dosing regimen was determined."	( Sustained Viral Suppression in HIV-infected Children on Once-daily Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Clinical Practice. Bastiaans, DET; Burger, DM; de Groot, R; Driessen, GJA; Fraaij, PLA; Gondrie, IPE; Hartwig, NG; van der Knaap, LC; van Jaarsveld, P; van Rossum, AMC; Visser, EG, 2017)	0.69
" Geometric mean LPV area under the plasma concentration-time curve (linear up-log down method) over a dosing interval from time 0 to 24 hours after dosing was 169."	( Sustained Viral Suppression in HIV-infected Children on Once-daily Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Clinical Practice. Bastiaans, DET; Burger, DM; de Groot, R; Driessen, GJA; Fraaij, PLA; Gondrie, IPE; Hartwig, NG; van der Knaap, LC; van Jaarsveld, P; van Rossum, AMC; Visser, EG, 2017)	0.69
"Current presentations of the anti-HIV drugs lopinavir and ritonavir make appropriate dosing for children difficult."	( Developing a Flexible Pediatric Dosage Form for Antiretroviral Therapy: A Fast-Dissolving Tablet. Estrada, M; Lai, M; Lal, M; Zhu, C, 2017)	0.72
" These factors should be taken into consideration to guide the individual tenofovir disoproxil fumarate dosage regimen in Thai HIV-infected patients."	( Pharmacogenetics-based population pharmacokinetic analysis of tenofovir in Thai HIV-infected patients. Avihingsanon, A; Burger, DM; Mitruk, S; Punyawudho, B; Rungtivasuwan, K; Ruxrungtham, K; Sukasem, C; Thammajaruk, N, 2017)	0.46
"The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends weight band dosing of antiretrovirals for children."	( A Phase II/III Trial of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Dosed According to the WHO Pediatric Weight Band Dosing Guidelines. Capparelli, EV; Cressey, TR; Mirochnick, M; Pinto, JA; Qin, M; Siberry, GK; Smith, B; Spector, SA; Warshaw, M; Zimmer, B, 2018)	0.79
"International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) P1083 was a phase II/III trial assessing the pharmacokinetics (PK) and short-term safety, tolerance and efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children 3-25 kg dosed according to WHO weight bands, with liquid solution or meltrex extrusion tablets."	( A Phase II/III Trial of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Dosed According to the WHO Pediatric Weight Band Dosing Guidelines. Capparelli, EV; Cressey, TR; Mirochnick, M; Pinto, JA; Qin, M; Siberry, GK; Smith, B; Spector, SA; Warshaw, M; Zimmer, B, 2018)	0.98
" The median (Q1, Q3) difference between individual observed PK parameters and those expected if Food and Drug Administration dosing guidelines were followed was 30."	( A Phase II/III Trial of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Dosed According to the WHO Pediatric Weight Band Dosing Guidelines. Capparelli, EV; Cressey, TR; Mirochnick, M; Pinto, JA; Qin, M; Siberry, GK; Smith, B; Spector, SA; Warshaw, M; Zimmer, B, 2018)	0.79
"WHO weight band dosing guidelines in children achieved adequate LPV plasma exposure but was higher than that expected with Food and Drug Administration dosing guidelines."	( A Phase II/III Trial of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Dosed According to the WHO Pediatric Weight Band Dosing Guidelines. Capparelli, EV; Cressey, TR; Mirochnick, M; Pinto, JA; Qin, M; Siberry, GK; Smith, B; Spector, SA; Warshaw, M; Zimmer, B, 2018)	0.79
"HIV-infected children admitted with severe acute malnutrition were randomized to early or delayed initiation of lopinavir (LPV)/ritonavir, abacavir and lamivudine using World Health Organization weight band dosage charts."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir in Severely Malnourished HIV-infected Children and the Effect on Treatment Outcomes. Archary, M; Bobat, R; Hennig, S; La Russa, P; Mcllleron, H; Sibaya, T; Wiesner, L, 2018)	0.98
" In 4 macaques dosed subcutaneously, drug levels over 5 weeks in plasma, lymph node mononuclear cells (LNMCs), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry."	( Long-Acting Profile of 4 Drugs in 1 Anti-HIV Nanosuspension in Nonhuman Primates for 5 Weeks After a Single Subcutaneous Injection. Collier, AC; Ho, RJY; Kinman, LM; Koehn, J; Kraft, JC; Lane, S; Lee, W; McConnachie, LA, 2018)	0.48
"To evaluate the proportion of children with lopinavir Cmin ≥1 mg/L when receiving a novel 8-hourly lopinavir/ritonavir dosing strategy during rifampicin co-treatment."	( Pharmacokinetics of adjusted-dose 8-hourly lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected children co-treated with rifampicin. McIlleron, H; Rabie, H; Rawizza, H; Van Rie, A; Wiesner, L; Winckler, J; Zar, H; Zuidewind, P, 2019)	1.04
" Rifampicin was dosed at 10-20 mg/kg/day."	( Pharmacokinetics of adjusted-dose 8-hourly lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected children co-treated with rifampicin. McIlleron, H; Rabie, H; Rawizza, H; Van Rie, A; Wiesner, L; Winckler, J; Zar, H; Zuidewind, P, 2019)	0.78
" The final analysis data set contained 17,725 observations from 1,054 subjects, including healthy subjects and subjects with drug-sensitive, multidrug-resistant, or extensively drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis dosed pretomanid in monotherapy or combination therapy for up to 6 months."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of the Antituberculosis Agent Pretomanid. Everitt, D; Nedelman, JR; Salinger, DH; Subramoney, V, 2019)	0.51
" The objective of the study was to apply physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to predict optimal dosage regimens of quinine when coadministered with lopinavir/ritonavir in malaria and HIV coinfected patients with different conditions."	( Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for Optimal Dosage Prediction of Quinine Coadministered With Ritonavir-Boosted Lopinavir. Karbwang, J; Na-Bangchang, K; Rajoli, RKR; Saeheng, T; Siccardi, M, 2020)	0.96
" Lopinavir TDM excluded pharmacokinetic reasons for failure in patients failing treatment when lopinavir dosing was supervised."	( Pediatric Antiretroviral Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A Five and a Half Year Experience from a South African Tertiary Hospital. Decloedt, EH; Engelbrecht, AE; Norman, J; Rabie, H; Wiesner, L, 2020)	1.47
"HIV is a global public health threat and requires life-long, daily oral dosing to effectively treat."	( Tuning HIV drug release from a nanogel-based in situ forming implant by changing nanogel size. Corker, A; Dawson, K; Elbaz, NM; Garcia-Tuñón, E; McDonald, TO; Niezabitowska, E; Taylor, J; Town, AR, 2019)	0.51
" After LPV loading, the antiviral profile of pHPβCD was reversed to the sigmoidal dose-response profile of LPV, while pMβCD maintained its dose-independent profile followed by a LPV mediated increase in viral inhibition."	( Pyromellitic dianhydride crosslinked soluble cyclodextrin polymers: Synthesis, lopinavir release from sub-micron sized particles and anti-HIV-1 activity. Adeoye, O; Bártolo, I; Cabral-Marques, H; Conceição, J; da Silva, AB; Duarte, N; Francisco, AP; Taveira, N, 2020)	0.79
"Diverging physicochemical properties of HIV drug combinations are challenging to formulate as a single dosage form."	( Controlled Solvent Removal from Antiviral Drugs and Excipients in Solution Enables the Formation of Novel Combination Multi-Drug-Motifs in Pharmaceutical Powders Composed of Lopinavir, Ritonavir and Tenofovir. Ho, RJY; Lane, S; McConnachie, L; Yu, D; Yu, J, 2020)	0.75
" Surges in volume of patients requiring mechanical ventilation coupled with prolonged ventilator days and the high sedative dosing requirements observed quickly led to the depletion of "just-in-time" inventories typically maintained by institutions."	( It Takes a Village…: Contending With Drug Shortages During Disasters. Barletta, JF; Burry, LD; Christian, MD; Dichter, J; Erstad, BL; Geiling, J; Kanji, S; Maves, RC; Williamson, D, 2020)	0.56
" (2) The patients were divided into normal dose group (500 mg, twice a day, n = 19) and reduced dose group (250 mg, twice a day, n = 5) according to the dosage of kaletra."	( [Clinical characteristics of liver damage in 30 patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 in Sichuan area]. Chen, H; Deng, C; Du, Q; Guo, Y; Huang, X; Li, T; Lu, S; Yue, R, 2020)	0.56
" Chloroquine (CQ) had a 100% discharge rate compared to 50% with lopinavir-ritonavir at day 14, however a trial has recommended against a high dosage due to cardiotoxic events."	( Repurposing of drugs for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Amparore, D; Checcucci, E; Dasgupta, P; Elhage, O; Fiori, C; Kotecha, P; Light, A; Porpiglia, F, 2022)	0.96
" Therefore, in the absence of adverse drug reaction, lopinavir dosage should not be reduced."	( Plasma Concentrations and Safety of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in COVID-19 Patients. Azoulay, C; Batista, R; Benaboud, S; Boujaafar, S; Canouï, E; Carlier, N; Chouchana, L; Gana, I; Kernéis, S; Legendre, P; Preta, LH; Regard, L; Terrier, B; Treluyer, JM; Zerbit, J; Zheng, Y, 2021)	1.15
"7%)) and incorrect dosing (n=6 (10."	( Prescribing practices of lopinavir/ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin during the COVID-19 epidemic crisis and pharmaceutical interventions in a French teaching hospital. Belmas, AS; Danion, F; Fourtage, M; Gourieux, B; Michel, B; Nai, T; Nivoix, Y; Reisz, F; Reiter-Schatz, A; Ruch, Y; Walther, J, 2021)	0.92
" This review summarizes the current data for the most commonly used drugs for coronavirus disease 2019 and will cover the unique factors that may affect the dosing of these medications in patients with CKD."	( Treatment Options for Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Patients With Reduced or Absent Kidney Function. Govil, A; Luckett, K; Miller-Handley, H, 2020)	0.56
" Lower white blood cell count and lactate dehydrogenase at the time of drug administration as well as shorter time from supplemental oxygen initiation to dosing were significantly associated with clinical improvement in the univariate analysis."	( Early clinical outcomes with tocilizumab for severe COVID-19: a two-centre retrospective study. Daniel, NM; Hilden, P; Raja, K; Smoke, SM, 2021)	0.62
"PK and safety findings for ZDV, 3TC, and LPV/r support current WHO weight band dosing of syrup formulations in children with SAM."	( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Zidovudine, Lamivudine, and Lopinavir/Ritonavir in HIV-infected Children With Severe Acute Malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: IMPAACT Protocol P1092. Aweeka, F; Bradford, S; Browning, R; Coletti, A; Costello, D; Graham, B; Hughes, E; Kamthunzi, P; Kawalazira, R; Mmbaga, BT; Moye, J; Musoke, P; Nathoo, K; Norman, J; Owor, M; Purdue, L; Reding, C; Tierney, C; Whalen, ME; Wiesner, L; Ziemba, L, 2021)	0.86
"Despite a collaborative effort towards developing suitable oral drug products for pediatrics over the past decade, appropriate pediatric dosage forms have remained lacking due to special considerations in dose flexibility, swallowability, palatability, and safety of excipients for pediatrics."	( Development of nanoparticle-based orodispersible palatable pediatric formulations. Deng, Y; Shen, J; Shen, L; Yang, Y, 2021)	0.62
" However, should some hospitalized patients have dosage escalation to intermediate dose? Should some be considered for full-dose anticoagulation without a measurable thromboembolic event and how should that anticoagulation be monitored? Should patients receive postdischarge anticoagulation and with what medication and for how long? What thrombotic issues are related to the various medications being used to treat this coagulopathy? Is antiphospholipid antibody part of this syndrome? What is the significance of isolated ischemic stroke and limb ischemia in this disorder and how does this interface with the rest of the clinical and laboratory features of this disorder? The aims of this article are to explore these questions and interpret the available data based on the current evidence."	( COVID-19 and Its Implications for Thrombosis and Anticoagulation. Berkman, SA; Tapson, VF, 2021)	0.62
" Trough plasma concentrations of lopinavir and ritonavir were higher than those expected, while those of hydroxychloroquine were those expected with the dosing regimen."	( An open-label randomized controlled trial of the effect of lopinavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir plus IFN-β-1a and hydroxychloroquine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Ader, F; Alfaiate, T; Andrejak, C; Belhadi, D; Botelho-Nevers, E; Bouadma, L; Bouiller, K; Bouscambert-Duchamp, M; Burdet, C; Cabié, A; Clere-Jehl, R; Costagliola, D; Courjon, J; Danion, F; Dechanet, A; Delmas, C; Diallo, A; Dubost, C; Dupont, A; Epaulard, O; Faure, E; Gaci, R; Gagneux-Brunon, A; Gallien, S; Goehringer, F; Hites, M; Jaureguiberry, S; Kimmoun, A; Lacombe, K; Lanoix, JP; Launay, O; Lê, MP; Leroy, S; Lescure, FX; Lina, B; Makinson, A; Martin-Blondel, G; Mentré, F; Mercier, N; Mootien, J; Mourvillier, B; Navellou, JC; Noret, M; Nseir, S; Peiffer-Smadja, N; Peytavin, G; Piroth, L; Poissy, J; Pourcher, V; Raffi, F; Reignier, J; Reuter, J; Richard, JC; Saillard, J; Staub, T; Tolsma, V; Wallet, F; Yazdanpanah, Y, 2021)	1.15
"1 ng/mL), resulting in contraception failure, when depot medroxyprogesterone is dosed at 12-week intervals."	( A Semimechanistic Pharmacokinetic Model for Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and Drug-Drug Interactions With Antiretroviral and Antituberculosis Treatment. Cohn, SE; Denti, P; Dooley, KE; Firnhaber, C; Francis, J; Godfrey, C; Kendall, MA; McIlleron, H; Mngqibisa, R; Wu, X, 2021)	0.62
"We conclude that despite availability of clinical evidence, double dosing LPV/r in patients receiving rifampicin-based TB treatment is low in Uganda's public HIV clinics but this does not seem to affect patient survival and viral suppression."	( Adoption of evidence-informed guidelines in prescribing protease inhibitors for HIV-Tuberculosis co-infected patients on rifampicin and effects on HIV treatment outcomes in Uganda. Castelnuovo, B; Haguma, P; Kalibbala, D; Kirenga, B; Muddu, M; Mulindwa, F; Semitala, FC, 2021)	0.62
" He was treated with azithromycin, isoprinosine, lopinavir, and fondaparinux with thromboprophylaxis dosage since admission."	( The Challenging Anticoagulant Therapy in COVID19 Patient with Associated Coagulopathy. Airlangga, MP; Fatimah, FN; Miftahussurur, M; Pradana, AD; Rianda, RA; Rianda, RV; Subkhan, M, 2021)	0.88
" We describe the population pharmacokinetics of ethambutol in children with TB to guide dosing in this population."	( Population pharmacokinetics of ethambutol in African children: a pooled analysis. Abdelwahab, MT; Andrieux-Meyer, I; Bekker, A; Chabala, C; Cotton, MF; Davies, G; Denti, P; Hesseling, A; Lee, J; McIlleron, H; Rabie, H; Tikiso, T; Wiesner, L; Zar, HJ, 2022)	0.72
" However, local safety profile should also be evaluated depending on the new indication, administration route and dosage form."	( Antivirals and the Potential Benefits of Orally Inhaled Drug Administration in COVID-19 Treatment. Akbal-Dagistan, O; Basarir, NS; Culha, M; Erturk, A; Sahin, G; Sancar, S; Yildiz-Pekoz, A, 2022)	0.72
" The established correlation equations can be useful in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and dosing regimen optimization."	( The investigation of the complex population-drug-drug interaction between ritonavir-boosted lopinavir and chloroquine or ivermectin using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling. Alsmadi, MM, 2023)	1.13
", a hyperimmune anti-COVID-19 intravenous immunoglobulin), methylprednisolone, interferon-beta/standard-of-care (SOC), interferon-beta-1b, convalescent plasma, remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, immunoglobulin gamma, high dosage sarilumab (HS), auxora, and imatinib were effective when compared with placebo or SOC group."	( Comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for severe COVID-19 patients: An updated network meta-analysis of 48 randomized controlled trials. Chen, J; Cheng, Q; Fang, Z; Jia, Q; Zhao, G, 2022)	0.92
" This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic model of LPV/r and provide dosage optimization in Thai PLWH."	( Dose optimization with population pharmacokinetics of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir for Thai people living with HIV with and without active tuberculosis. Avihingsanon, A; Chaivichacharn, P; Gatechompol, S; Punyawudho, B; Ubolyam, S, 2022)	0.95
" The reduced LPV/r dosage offers sufficient LPV exposure for Thai PLWH."	( Dose optimization with population pharmacokinetics of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir for Thai people living with HIV with and without active tuberculosis. Avihingsanon, A; Chaivichacharn, P; Gatechompol, S; Punyawudho, B; Ubolyam, S, 2022)	0.95
"6% probability of improving 6-month survival across varying hydrocortisone dosing strategies."	( Long-term (180-Day) Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 in the REMAP-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial. Al-Beidh, F; Angus, DC; Annane, D; Arabi, YM; Beane, A; Berry, LR; Berry, S; Bhimani, Z; Bonten, MJM; Bradbury, CA; Brunkhorst, FM; Burrell, A; Buxton, M; Buzgau, A; Charles, WN; Cove, M; Derde, LPG; Detry, MA; Estcourt, LJ; Fagbodun, EO; Fitzgerald, M; Girard, TD; Goligher, EC; Goossens, H; Gordon, AC; Green, C; Haniffa, R; Higgins, AM; Hills, T; Horvat, CM; Huang, DT; Ichihara, N; Lamontagne, F; Lawler, PR; Lewis, RJ; Lorenzi, E; Marshall, JC; McArthur, CJ; McAuley, DF; McGlothlin, A; McGuinness, SP; McQuilten, Z; McVerry, BJ; Mouncey, PR; Murthy, S; Neal, MD; Nichol, AD; Parke, RL; Parker, JC; Parry-Billings, K; Peters, SEC; Reyes, LF; Rowan, KM; Saito, H; Santos, MS; Saunders, CT; Serpa-Neto, A; Seymour, CW; Shankar-Hari, M; Stronach, LM; Turgeon, AF; Turner, AM; van Bentum-Puijk, W; van de Veerdonk, FL; Webb, SA; Zarychanski, R, 2023)	0.91
"Although super-boosted lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r; ratio 4:4 instead of 4:1) is recommended for infants living with HIV and receiving concomitant rifampicin, in clinical practice, many different LPV/r dosing strategies are applied due to poor availability of pediatric separate ritonavir formulations needed to superboost."	( Brief Report: Suboptimal Lopinavir Exposure in Infants on Rifampicin Treatment Receiving Double-dosed or Semisuperboosted Lopinavir/Ritonavir: Time for a Change. Ballesteros, A; Buck, WC; Burger, DM; Chabala, C; Chitsamatanga, M; Colbers, A; Domínguez-Rodríguez, S; Jacobs, TG; Madrid, L; Moraleda, C; Mujuru, HA; Mumbiro, V; Namuziya, N; Nathoo, KJ; Nduna, B; Passanduca, A; Rojo, P; Tagarro, A, 2023)	1.52
" Daily emtricitabine/TAF was dosed according to World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended weight bands: 120/15 mg in children weighing 14 to <25 kg and 200/25 mg in those weighing ≥25 kg."	( First Pharmacokinetic Data of Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate and Tenofovir With Dolutegravir or Boosted Protease Inhibitors in African Children: A Substudy of the CHAPAS-4 Trial. Bamford, A; Burger, DM; Bwakura-Dangarembizi, M; Chabala, C; Colbers, A; Denti, P; Doerholt, K; Gibb, DM; Griffiths, AL; Makumbi, S; McIlleron, HM; Monkiewicz, LN; Mulenga, V; Mumbiro, V; Musiime, V; Nangiya, J; Szubert, AJ; Waalewijn, H; Wasmann, RE; Wiesner, L, 2023)	0.91
"In children, TAF combined with boosted PIs or dolutegravir and dosed according to WHO-recommended weight bands provides TAF and tenofovir concentrations previously demonstrated to be well tolerated and effective in adults."	( First Pharmacokinetic Data of Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate and Tenofovir With Dolutegravir or Boosted Protease Inhibitors in African Children: A Substudy of the CHAPAS-4 Trial. Bamford, A; Burger, DM; Bwakura-Dangarembizi, M; Chabala, C; Colbers, A; Denti, P; Doerholt, K; Gibb, DM; Griffiths, AL; Makumbi, S; McIlleron, HM; Monkiewicz, LN; Mulenga, V; Mumbiro, V; Musiime, V; Nangiya, J; Szubert, AJ; Waalewijn, H; Wasmann, RE; Wiesner, L, 2023)	0.91
" We evaluated whether increased daily dosing with modified 8-hourly lopinavir/ritonavir 4:1 would maintain therapeutic plasma concentrations of lopinavir in children living with HIV receiving rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment."	( Inadequate Lopinavir Concentrations With Modified 8-Hourly Lopinavir/Ritonavir 4:1 Dosing During Rifampicin-based Tuberculosis Treatment in Children Living With HIV. Chabala, C; Choo, L; Chungu, C; Crook, A; Gibb, D; Kapasa, M; LeBeau, K; Lungu, J; McIlleron, H; Mulenga, V; Tembo, CH; Turkova, A; Weisner, L; Zimba, K; Zyambo, K, 2023)	1.54
"9 kg, on rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment were commenced or switched to 8-hourly liquid lopinavir/ritonavir 4:1 with increased daily dosing using weight-band dosing approach."	( Inadequate Lopinavir Concentrations With Modified 8-Hourly Lopinavir/Ritonavir 4:1 Dosing During Rifampicin-based Tuberculosis Treatment in Children Living With HIV. Chabala, C; Choo, L; Chungu, C; Crook, A; Gibb, D; Kapasa, M; LeBeau, K; Lungu, J; McIlleron, H; Mulenga, V; Tembo, CH; Turkova, A; Weisner, L; Zimba, K; Zyambo, K, 2023)	1.52
"7 mg/L]) were lower than on standard dosing without rifampicin (n = 12; area under the curve 24 121."	( Inadequate Lopinavir Concentrations With Modified 8-Hourly Lopinavir/Ritonavir 4:1 Dosing During Rifampicin-based Tuberculosis Treatment in Children Living With HIV. Chabala, C; Choo, L; Chungu, C; Crook, A; Gibb, D; Kapasa, M; LeBeau, K; Lungu, J; McIlleron, H; Mulenga, V; Tembo, CH; Turkova, A; Weisner, L; Zimba, K; Zyambo, K, 2023)	1.3
"Modified 8-hourly dosing of lopinavir/ritonavir failed to achieve adequate lopinavir concentrations with concurrent antituberculosis treatment."	( Inadequate Lopinavir Concentrations With Modified 8-Hourly Lopinavir/Ritonavir 4:1 Dosing During Rifampicin-based Tuberculosis Treatment in Children Living With HIV. Chabala, C; Choo, L; Chungu, C; Crook, A; Gibb, D; Kapasa, M; LeBeau, K; Lungu, J; McIlleron, H; Mulenga, V; Tembo, CH; Turkova, A; Weisner, L; Zimba, K; Zyambo, K, 2023)	1.59
" These drugs are typically available in liquid formulations to aid in dosing for children who cannot swallow tablets."	( Anti-HIV drugs lopinavir/ritonavir activate bitter taste receptors. Chen, S; Cui, M; Lu, Y; Wen, J; Xu, K; Zhou, X, 2023)	1.26
" The present analysis aims to evaluate LPV levels in individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 versus people living with HIV (PLWH) by developing a population pharmacokinetic (popPK) model, while characterizing external and patient-related factors that might affect LPV exposure along with dose-response association."	( Population pharmacokinetic analysis of lopinavir in HIV negative individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2: a COPEP (COronavirus Post-Exposure Prophylaxis) sub-study. Andre, P; Buclin, T; Calmy, A; Decosterd, LA; Delfraysse, M; Fedeli, C; Guidi, M; Thoueille, P; Ustero, P, 2023)	1.18
"The current World Health Organization (WHO) pediatric tuberculosis dosing guidelines lead to suboptimal drug exposures."	( Evaluating pediatric tuberculosis dosing guidelines: A model-based individual data pooled analysis. Aarnoutse, R; Chabala, C; Cotton, MF; Denti, P; Galileya, LT; Gibb, D; Hesseling, A; Lee, J; McIlleron, H; Njahira Mukui, I; Rabie, H; Turkova, A; Wasmann, RE; Zar, H, 2023)	0.91
" The importance of the drug-drug interactions with lopinavir/ritonavir and efavirenz should be evaluated further and considered in future dosing guidance."	( Evaluating pediatric tuberculosis dosing guidelines: A model-based individual data pooled analysis. Aarnoutse, R; Chabala, C; Cotton, MF; Denti, P; Galileya, LT; Gibb, D; Hesseling, A; Lee, J; McIlleron, H; Njahira Mukui, I; Rabie, H; Turkova, A; Wasmann, RE; Zar, H, 2023)	1.16

Role	Description
antiviral drug	A substance used in the prophylaxis or therapy of virus diseases.
HIV protease inhibitor	An inhibitor of HIV protease, an enzyme required for production of proteins needed for viral assembly.
anticoronaviral agent	Any antiviral agent which inhibits the activity of coronaviruses.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
amphetamines	Amines that constitute a class of central nervous system stimulants based on the structure of the parent amphetamine 1-phenylpropan-2-amine.
dicarboxylic acid diamide
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	29.8493	0.0060	38.0041	19,952.5996	AID1159521; AID1159523
SMAD family member 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	23.9145	0.1737	34.3047	61.8120	AID1346859
Fumarate hydratase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	37.2212	0.0030	8.7949	48.0869	AID1347053
USP1 protein, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	44.6684	0.0316	37.5844	354.8130	AID504865
SMAD family member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	23.9145	0.1737	34.3047	61.8120	AID1346859
TDP1 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	13.9650	0.0008	11.3822	44.6684	AID686978; AID686979
GLI family zinc finger 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	29.8493	0.0007	14.5928	83.7951	AID1259369; AID1259392
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.8544	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID1259243; AID1259247; AID743035; AID743036; AID743042; AID743054; AID743063
Smad3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	12.5893	0.0052	7.8098	29.0929	AID588855
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	24.2258	0.0006	57.9133	22,387.1992	AID1259377; AID1259378
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.4915	0.0010	22.6508	76.6163	AID1224838; AID1224893
progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.4915	0.0004	17.9460	75.1148	AID1346784; AID1346795
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.4640	0.0123	7.9835	43.2770	AID1346984; AID1645841
EWS/FLI fusion protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	26.9969	0.0013	10.1577	42.8575	AID1259252; AID1259253; AID1259255; AID1259256
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	20.4223	0.0002	14.3764	60.0339	AID720691; AID720692
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.7827	0.0030	41.6115	22,387.1992	AID1159552; AID1159555
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	21.4552	0.0008	17.5051	59.3239	AID1159527; AID1159531
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	20.5062	0.0015	30.6073	15,848.9004	AID1224841; AID1224842; AID1224848; AID1224849; AID1259401; AID1259403
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	29.8470	0.3758	27.4851	61.6524	AID743217; AID743220
pregnane X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	16.9152	0.0054	28.0263	1,258.9301	AID1346982; AID1346985
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	27.4759	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID1259244; AID1259248; AID743069; AID743075; AID743078; AID743079
G	Vesicular stomatitis virus	Potency	17.3768	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
cytochrome P450 2D6	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	13.8029	0.0010	8.3798	61.1304	AID1645840
polyprotein	Zika virus	Potency	37.2212	0.0030	8.7949	48.0869	AID1347053
67.9K protein	Vaccinia virus	Potency	7.9433	0.0001	8.4406	100.0000	AID720580
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	8.4120	0.0010	24.5048	61.6448	AID743212
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	13.4184	0.0010	19.4141	70.9645	AID743094; AID743140; AID743191
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.4915	0.0017	23.8393	78.1014	AID743083
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	11.2202	0.1000	9.1916	31.6228	AID1346983
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	22.3872	0.0178	9.6374	44.6684	AID588834
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	29.0145	0.0003	23.4451	159.6830	AID743065; AID743067
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	23.8128	0.0006	27.2152	1,122.0200	AID743202; AID743219
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	12.5893	0.0079	8.2332	1,122.0200	AID2551
geminin	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	35.5420	0.0046	11.3741	33.4983	AID624296; AID624297
peripheral myelin protein 22	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	20.3148	0.0056	12.3677	36.1254	AID624032
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	33.4915	0.0015	57.7890	15,848.9004	AID1259244
Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.3768	0.0033	9.1582	39.8107	AID1645842
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.3768	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.2985	0.0023	19.5956	74.0614	AID651631
Glutamate receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	33.4915	0.0015	51.7393	15,848.9004	AID1259244
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.3768	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	23.7101	0.0119	17.9420	71.5630	AID651632
Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	23.7101	0.0119	12.2221	68.7989	AID651632
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.3768	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Chain A, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	AID977610
Chain B, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	AID977610
Chain A, Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	AID977610
Chain B, Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	AID977610
Chain A, Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	AID977610
Chain B, Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	AID977610
Chain A, Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	AID977610
Chain B, Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	AID977610
Chain A, PROTEASE RETROPEPSIN	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0011	0.0011	0.0011	0.0011	AID977610
Chain B, PROTEASE RETROPEPSIN	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0011	0.0011	0.0011	0.0011	AID977610
Chain A, Protease Retropepsin	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0045	0.0008	0.0045	0.0082	AID977610
Chain B, Protease Retropepsin	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0045	0.0008	0.0045	0.0082	AID977610
Chain A, Protease Retropepsin	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0045	0.0008	0.0045	0.0082	AID977610
Chain B, Protease Retropepsin	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0045	0.0008	0.0045	0.0082	AID977610
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	21.0000	0.6315	4.4531	9.3000	AID1473740
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	47.0000	0.2000	5.6774	10.0000	AID1473741
Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	17.3000	0.1100	7.1903	10.0000	AID1443980; AID1473738
Gag-Pol polyprotein	Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (BRU ISOLATE)	Ki	0.0017	0.0000	0.0828	3.3000	AID1797110
Gag-Pol polyprotein	HIV-1 M:B_ARV2/SF2	Ki	0.0018	0.0000	0.0109	0.0895	AID1796953
Gag-Pol polyprotein	Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (RF/HAT ISOLATE)	Ki	0.0017	0.0000	0.0505	1.6160	AID1797110
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	6.0000	0.0002	2.3185	10.0000	AID416864; AID679931
Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.7050	0.0001	1.4162	9.9000	AID589156
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus	Ki	15.0000	0.0075	3.0083	9.1100	AID1805801
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	IC50 (µMol)	14.9150	0.0002	2.4585	9.9600	AID1804171; AID1845236
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	Ki	15.0000	0.0000	1.6307	9.0000	AID1805801
Gag-Pol polyprotein	Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (NEW YORK-5 ISOLATE)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0350	0.0002	0.1042	1.7000	AID1796876
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	10.3000	0.0002	1.8742	10.0000	AID416864
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	10.3000	0.0002	1.2704	10.0000	AID416864
Gag-Pol polyprotein	Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (STRAIN UGANDAN / ISOLATE U455)	Ki	0.0017	0.0000	0.0505	1.6160	AID1797110
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	10.3000	0.0000	1.8194	10.0000	AID416864
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	8.5114	0.0009	1.9014	10.0000	AID576612
Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	IC50 (µMol)	0.0250	0.0001	0.2248	7.3200	AID618426
Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0007	0.0000	0.0443	3.1000	AID160461; AID163477; AID1669454; AID238682; AID274379; AID274380; AID274381; AID274382; AID343015; AID343016; AID343017; AID343018; AID343019; AID343020; AID343021
CAAX prenyl protease 1 homolog	Mus musculus (house mouse)	IC50 (µMol)	18.4000	1.2000	1.2000	1.2000	AID328893
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	133.0000	2.4100	6.3433	10.0000	AID1473739
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	7.6000	0.0040	1.9666	10.0000	AID1873200
Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	IC50 (µMol)	0.0175	0.0000	0.8176	9.8500	AID1057016; AID590915; AID664437
Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Ki	0.0002	0.0000	0.0284	1.1000	AID1669455; AID1669456; AID321660; AID343014; AID374591; AID443165; AID537765; AID698062
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Chain A, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0000	0.0000	0.0039	0.0150	AID977611
Chain B, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0000	0.0000	0.0039	0.0150	AID977611
Chain A, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0000	0.0000	0.0039	0.0150	AID977611
Chain B, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0000	0.0000	0.0039	0.0150	AID977611
Chain A, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0000	0.0000	0.0039	0.0150	AID977611
Chain B, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0000	0.0000	0.0039	0.0150	AID977611
Chain A, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0000	0.0000	0.0039	0.0150	AID977611
Chain B, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0000	0.0000	0.0039	0.0150	AID977611
Chain A, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0000	0.0000	0.0039	0.0150	AID977611
Chain B, protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0000	0.0000	0.0039	0.0150	AID977611
Spike glycoprotein	Betacoronavirus England 1	EC50 (µMol)	12.8200	0.0030	4.5755	9.8200	AID1804127
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Betacoronavirus England 1	EC50 (µMol)	12.8200	0.0030	4.5755	9.8200	AID1804127
Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	12.8200	0.0030	4.5168	9.8200	AID1804127
Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	12.8200	0.0030	4.4874	9.8200	AID1804127
Replicase polyprotein 1a	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus	EC50 (µMol)	12.8200	0.0030	4.6136	9.8200	AID1804127
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Human coronavirus 229E	EC50 (µMol)	12.8200	0.0030	4.6136	9.8200	AID1804127
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus	EC50 (µMol)	12.8200	0.0030	4.4554	9.8200	AID1804127
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	EC50 (µMol)	12.8200	0.0030	4.1105	9.8200	AID1804127
Spike glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus	EC50 (µMol)	12.8200	0.0030	4.5755	9.8200	AID1804127
Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0001	0.0001	0.0412	0.5770	AID238043
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	12.8200	0.0030	4.5755	9.8200	AID1804127
Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	EC50 (µMol)	1.1600	0.0007	0.6942	2.7300	AID1350502
Protease	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Kd	0.0006	0.0000	0.6117	8.1500	AID1307690; AID1307691
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)	KD2	6.0000	6.0000	6.0000	6.0000	AID239810
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
viral translation	Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysis	Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein autoprocessing	Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of viral entry into host cell	Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronoside transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transport	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin secretion	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cilium assembly	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet degranulation	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
urate transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transport	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid biosynthetic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stress	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to organic cyclic compound	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitination	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid signaling pathway	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estrogen	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ethanol	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic export from cell	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bile acid secretion	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bile acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of autophagy	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interferon-beta	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of viral genome replication	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasis	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Lewy body formation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
humoral immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independent	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of T cell anergy	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
detection of bacterium	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-12 production	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-6 production	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protection from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of dendritic cell differentiation	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to starvation	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitochondrial depolarization	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to calcium ion starvation	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular oxidant detoxification	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
transport	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
autophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replication	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespan	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substance	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-ray	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
viral process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibiotic	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behavior	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell death	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-C	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin D	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processing	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysis	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
protein autoprocessing	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
collagen catabolic process	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
zymogen activation	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
enkephalin processing	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cell	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
elastin catabolic process	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
macrophage apoptotic process	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to thyroid hormone stimulus	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidase activity	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
immune response	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulus	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid translocation	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
terpenoid transport	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of response to osmotic stress	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transport	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferation	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ceramide translocation	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of anion channel activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
carboxylic acid transmembrane transport	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of chloride transport	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid hydroxylation	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
androgen metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
alkaloid catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
monoterpenoid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
calcitriol biosynthetic process from calciol	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
aflatoxin metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative demethylation	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont-mediated perturbation of host ubiquitin-like protein modification	Replicase polyprotein 1a	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
symbiont-mediated perturbation of host ubiquitin-like protein modification	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by hormone	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane potential	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion homeostasis	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle contraction	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane repolarization	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion transmembrane transport	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization during action potential	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during action potential	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion export across plasma membrane	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of potassium ion export across plasma membrane	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion import across plasma membrane	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate metabolic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate biosynthetic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expression	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
bilirubin transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
heme catabolic process	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic export from cell	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transport	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell population proliferation	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of B cell proliferation	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear DNA replication	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction in response to DNA damage	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
isotype switching	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA replication	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA clamp unloading	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of receptor internalization	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of translation	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA metabolic process	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
P-body assembly	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
stress granule assembly	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA transport	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of signaling receptor activity	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cell	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cytokine production	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
angiotensin maturation	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
tryptophan transport	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
viral life cycle	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstriction	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transmembrane transporter activity	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell population proliferation	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cell	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory response	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of amino acid transport	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
maternal process involved in female pregnancy	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane fusion	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
blood vessel diameter maintenance	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gap junction assembly	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cardiac conduction	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid transport	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transport	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
urate transport	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
biotin transport	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
sphingolipid biosynthetic process	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
riboflavin transport	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
urate metabolic process	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transport	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
renal urate salt excretion	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
serine-type endopeptidase activity	Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)
serine-type peptidase activity	Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronoside transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
icosanoid transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activity	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
urate transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
purine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activity	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
TAP binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
peptide antigen binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
TAP binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
toxic substance binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
antioxidant activity	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
pyridoxal phosphate binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
exogenous protein binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
enterobactin binding	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
p53 binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
fibronectin binding	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
collagen binding	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type peptidase activity	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
histone binding	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
proteoglycan binding	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
serpin family protein binding	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylcholine floppase activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylethanolamine flippase activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
ceramide floppase activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
floppase activity	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
oxygen binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
caffeine oxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
quinine 3-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 23-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 8,9 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 14,15 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
aromatase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 2-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1a	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1a	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
K63-linked deubiquitinase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1a	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
K48-linked deubiquitinase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1a	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
3'-5'-RNA exonuclease activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
mRNA 5'-cap (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
mRNA (nucleoside-2'-O-)-methyltransferase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
5'-3' RNA helicase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
K63-linked deubiquitinase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
K48-linked deubiquitinase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
3'-5'-RNA exonuclease activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
mRNA 5'-cap (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
mRNA (nucleoside-2'-O-)-methyltransferase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
mRNA guanylyltransferase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
RNA endonuclease activity, producing 3'-phosphomonoesters	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
ISG15-specific peptidase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
5'-3' RNA helicase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
protein guanylyltransferase activity	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
inward rectifier potassium channel activity	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
delayed rectifier potassium channel activity	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
C3HC4-type RING finger domain binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
scaffold protein binding	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol heptakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 5-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 1-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 3-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol 5-diphosphate pentakisphosphate 5-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol diphosphate tetrakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
bilirubin transmembrane transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activity	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA clamp unloader activity	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
virus receptor activity	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endopeptidase activity	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
carboxypeptidase activity	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
metallocarboxypeptidase activity	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
metallopeptidase activity	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-dipeptidase activity	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
urate transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
biotin transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
riboflavin transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
sphingolipid transporter activity	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
extracellular region	Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Transmembrane protease serine 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet dense granule membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
endosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculus	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular canaliculus	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytic vesicle membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
early endosome membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
MHC class I protein complex	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumen	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule lumen	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
blood microparticle	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Albumin	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replication fork	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
centrosome	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
PML body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand break	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
lysosome	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
multivesicular body	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
endolysosome lumen	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
chromaffin granule	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
lysosomal lumen	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
collagen-containing extracellular matrix	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
endocytic vesicle lumen	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
lysosome	Procathepsin L	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Homo sapiens (human)
double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane	Replicase polyprotein 1a	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane	Replicase polyprotein 1ab	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
plasma membrane	Glutamate receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
virion membrane	Spike glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
plasma membrane	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel complex	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
inward rectifier potassium channel complex	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens (human)
fibrillar center	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculus	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	Homo sapiens (human)
Elg1 RFC-like complex	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi network	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granule	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
ribonucleoprotein complex	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granule	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumen	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cilium	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endocytic vesicle membrane	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
brush border membrane	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raft	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
brush border membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raft	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (803)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID977610	Experimentally measured binding affinity data (Ki) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB	2008	Journal of virology, Jun, Volume: 82, Issue:12	Ninety-nine is not enough: molecular characterization of inhibitor-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease mutants with insertions in the flap region.
AID1797110	Protease Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1021/bi051886s: \\Analysis of HIV-1 CRF_01 A/E protease inhibitor resistance: structural determinants for maintaining sensitivity and developing resistance to atazanavir.\\	2006	Biochemistry, May-02, Volume: 45, Issue:17	Analysis of HIV-1 CRF_01 A/E protease inhibitor resistance: structural determinants for maintaining sensitivity and developing resistance to atazanavir.
AID1796953	Enzyme Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1021/jm060666p: \\Discovery of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with picomolar affinities incorporating N-aryl-oxazolidinone-5-carboxamides as novel P2 ligands.\\	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 49, Issue:25	Discovery of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with picomolar affinities incorporating N-aryl-oxazolidinone-5-carboxamides as novel P2 ligands.
AID1799570	Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2007.00514.x: \\Design of mutation-resistant HIV protease inhibitors with the substrate envelope hypothesis.\\	2007	Chemical biology & drug design, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Design of mutation-resistant HIV protease inhibitors with the substrate envelope hypothesis.
AID1796876	Enzyme Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.03.008: \\Oximinoarylsulfonamides as potent HIV protease inhibitors.\\	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-02, Volume: 15, Issue:9	Oximinoarylsulfonamides as potent HIV protease inhibitors.
AID328893	Inhibition of mouse ZMPSTE24 expressed n delta ste24 delta rce1 yeast	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID369953	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD with protease V47A mutation infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 7 days by Lenti-RT activity assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID374591	Inhibition of HIV1 protease	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID557231	Drug level in HIV-infected Thai pregnant women serum at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum administered for 30 days in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir measured before administering last dose	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID328891	Inhibition of human ICMT expressed in yeast assessed as methylation of N-acetyl-farnesylcysteine	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID557282	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 C harboring L10I/I15V/K20R/L24I/M36I/M46L/I54V/I62V/L63P/K70Q/V82A/L89M in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID369954	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD with protease G17N/V47A mutation infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 7 days by Lenti-RT activity assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID519783	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 14H-60K/N-65E protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID668809	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate M1 expressing protease L10I, M46I, I64V, I84V, L90M, I93L mutant infected in human MT4 cells	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-09, Volume: 2, Issue:6	Disubstituted Bis-THF Moieties as New P2 Ligands in Nonpeptidal HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.
AID297669	Inhibition of HIV1 Protease M2 variant by FRET based assay	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-06, Volume: 50, Issue:18	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating oxazolidinones as P2/P2' ligands in pseudosymmetric dipeptide isosteres.
AID564038	Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/D30N/K45I/A71V/T74S mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 5 uM of nelfinavir by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID558383	Drug level in HIV-infected pregnant woman amniotic fluid at 400 mg, po BID by HPLC/UV analysis	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6	Genital tract, cord blood, and amniotic fluid exposures of seven antiretroviral drugs during and after pregnancy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women.
AID238682	Inhibition constant for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 47, Issue:24	Improved structure-activity relationship analysis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors using interaction kinetic data.
AID1482906	Antiviral activity against tipranavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10I/L33I/M36I/M46I/I54V/K55R/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/V82T/L90M/I93L mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemilumi	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID415245	Antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 pNL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells after 5 days by MTT assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-23, Volume: 52, Issue:8	2-Pyridyl P1'-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (A-792611 and A-790742) with potential for convenient dosing and reduced side effects.
AID374626	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/46I/53L/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1079931	Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID369941	Antiviral activity against HIV2 MS infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect after 5 days by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID372182	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33I/46I/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1482921	Antiviral activity against atazanavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L23I/E34Q/K43I/M46I/I50L/G51A/L63P/A71V/V82A/T91A mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemiluminescent enzyme	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID321695	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 3 to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID558397	Ratio of drug level in HIV-infected pregnant woman amniotic fluid to maternal blood plasma at 400 mg, po BID by HPLC/UV analysis	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6	Genital tract, cord blood, and amniotic fluid exposures of seven antiretroviral drugs during and after pregnancy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women.
AID622660	Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring protease L10I, I13V, G16A, Q18H, L33F, N37D, M46I, I54V, G57R, Q61H,I62V, L63P, A71L, I72T, L76V, V77I, V82A, N88G, L90M, I93L mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cell death	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-27, Volume: 54, Issue:20	P1-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with potent antiviral activity against drug-resistant viruses.
AID519552	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 9 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10I, I15I/V, K20R, L33F, E35D, M36I, N37D, R41K, K43I, M46I, I54V, I62V, L63P, A71T, I72T, V82A, I84V, L90M, I93L	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID564031	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD infected in human MT2 cells by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID1219738	Maximum plasma concentration in healthy human at 400 mg co-administered with 50 mg ritonavir	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID328878	Toxicity in mouse fibroblast cells assessed as accumulation of prelamin A at 20 uM after 48 hrs by Western blot	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID278976	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C9 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID374593	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells after 6 days by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID519545	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 2 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10I, I15V, G16E, K20R, E35D, M36I, R41K, I54A, R57K, Q61D, A71V, I72R, V82A, L89I, L90M, Q92K mutation derived fro	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID519789	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 10V/I-40D-43I-56V-70K-82F-84V-89V-90M protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T2 during compound treatment measured after 3 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID557273	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A harboring L10I/I15V/E35D/N37E/K45R/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82T/L90M/I93L/C95F in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID519780	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype H expressing 10I-34E-40P-41Y-60H-63N-70T-73G-82F-89L-92E protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID396260	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro antiviral activity of the novel, tyrosyl-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 protease inhibitor brecanavir (GW640385) in combination with other antiretrovirals and against a panel of protease inhibitor-resistant HIV.
AID622658	Antiviral activity against HIV1 B26 harboring protease L33F, K45I, M46I, I50V, A71V and V82F mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cell death after 5 days by MTT assay relative to wild type HIV1 pNL4-3	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-27, Volume: 54, Issue:20	P1-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with potent antiviral activity against drug-resistant viruses.
AID105346	Tested for cytopathic effect of HIVIIIB in MT-4 cells in presence of 50% human serum	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-17, Volume: 14, Issue:10	Novel lopinavir analogues incorporating heterocyclic replacements of six-member cyclic urea--synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID372186	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 54V/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1350503	Ratio of EC50 for inhibition of protease L10F/V32I/M46I/I47V/Q58E/I84V mutant in HIV1 A17 infected in human MT4 cells to EC50 for wild-type HIV-1 pNL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12	Identification of Highly Potent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Protease Inhibitors against Lopinavir and Darunavir Resistant Viruses from Allophenylnorstatine-Based Peptidomimetics with P2 Tetrahydrofuranylglycine.
AID13678	Cmax value in the period of 8 hr after dosing.	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 43, Issue:3	Protease inhibitors: current status and future prospects.
AID1473741	Inhibition of human MRP4 overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID279336	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV2 in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID322122	Antiviral activity against HIV1 97ZA003 R5 subtype C in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID343025	Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease V32I/I47A mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID1669456	Inhibition of HIV1 NL4-3 protease I50V/A71V mutant expressed in Escherichia coli TAP-106 cells using EDANS/DABCYL-labelled 10-amino acid containing protease cleavage site as substrate preincubated for 1 hr followed by substrate addition and measured for 6	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-13, Volume: 63, Issue:15	Structural Analysis of Potent Hybrid HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Bis-tetrahydrofuran in a Pseudosymmetric Dipeptide Isostere.
AID532460	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 20 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, V215L, V218P, H219Q, M228I, E230D, G248T, T280A, E312D, A340G and G357S mutant gene and protease L10F, A22V, D30N, S37N, K45R, I54L, I62V, L63P, A71V, V77I, I	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID1717746	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for African green monkey Vero E6 cells to EC50 for SARS-CoV isolate Frankfurt-1 infected in African green monkey Vero E6 cells	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-25, Volume: 63, Issue:22	Chinese Therapeutic Strategy for Fighting COVID-19 and Potential Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
AID375204	Ratio of EC50 for multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate TM to EC50 for wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 52, Issue:13	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with pyrrolidinones and oxazolidinones as novel P1'-ligands to enhance backbone-binding interactions with protease: synthesis, biological evaluation, and protein-ligand X-ray studies.
AID519577	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clone2 infected in HEK293 cells harboring A-790742-selected protease V82L mutation assessed as reduction in viral replication by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to wild type HIV1 pNL4-3	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID1482925	Ratio of IC50 for nelfinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10F/K20T/D30N/K45I/A71V/V77I mutant infected in human MT4 cells to IC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4.3 infected in human MT4 cells	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID519554	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 11 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10I, I15V, K20R, E21Q, E35D, M36I, N37D, R41K, M46L, I54V, I62V, L63P, A71V, T74D, P79A, V82T, I84V, I85V, L90M,	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID446195	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate C infected in PHA-stimulated human PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein production	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID278958	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A6 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID547020	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 subtype C harboring protease L10R, M46I, I54V, V82S mutant gene and polymorphism at M36 position to EC50 for wild type HIV1 subtype C	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID279344	Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 154M and L99F mutation in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID1219734	Drug metabolism in human liver microsomes assessed as CYP2D6-mediated lopinavir-GSH adduct formation at 2 uM after after 50 mins by UPLC-TOFMS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID416859	Increase in P-glycoprotein-mediated tenofovir disoproxil fumarate permeation from apical to basolateral side of human Caco-2 cells at 20 uM	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID374623	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 32I/46L/47V/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID353726	Aqueous solubility in water by shake flask method	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Water-soluble prodrugs of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors lopinavir and ritonavir.
AID557290	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/M46I/I54V/V82A amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 1 uM of Lopinavir by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID374628	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/46L/53L/54V/82A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1474091	Ratio of drug concentration at steady state in human at 400 to 800 mg, po QD used as formulation with ritonavir measured after 24 hrs to IC50 for human MRP3 overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID21894	The partition coefficient was reported	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-22, Volume: 12, Issue:8	Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a novel series of HIV-1 protease inhibitors encompassing ABT-378 (Lopinavir).
AID519580	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clone5 infected in HEK293 cells harboring A-790742-selected protease L63P, A71V, and V82G mutation assessed as reduction in viral replication by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to wild type HIV1 RF	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID572579	Cmax in HIV-1 infected patient at 400 mg, po bid coadministered with 100 mg, po bid of ritonavir and 300 mg, po qd of atazanavir	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Decrease of atazanavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in a boosted double human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor salvage regimen.
AID541175	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring G140S and Q148H mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID248098	Inhibitory concentration against resistant (A17) human immunodeficiency virus	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-02, Volume: 15, Issue:9	Oximinoarylsulfonamides as potent HIV protease inhibitors.
AID278969	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C2 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID374613	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for non-B type HIV1 with protease 32I/47A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID162683	Inhibition of HIV protease at 0.5 nM	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-22, Volume: 12, Issue:8	Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a novel series of HIV-1 protease inhibitors encompassing ABT-378 (Lopinavir).
AID297668	Inhibition of HIV1 Protease M1 variant by FRET based assay	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-06, Volume: 50, Issue:18	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating oxazolidinones as P2/P2' ligands in pseudosymmetric dipeptide isosteres.
AID558390	Ratio of drug level in HIV-infected pregnant woman cord blood plasma to maternal blood plasma at 400 mg, po BID by HPLC/UV analysis	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6	Genital tract, cord blood, and amniotic fluid exposures of seven antiretroviral drugs during and after pregnancy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women.
AID1079942	Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID369958	Antiviral activity against HIV2 MS infected in human MT4 cells assessed as p27 antigen level after 1 passage	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID532473	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 34 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, I147L, V159I, V215L, T280V, A309C, S310T, E312D and G357S mutant gene and protease L10I, I13V, E35D, S37N, I62V, L63P and I64M mutant gene infected in human M	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID369956	Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 ROD with protease V47A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV2 ROD	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID242933	Dissociation rate constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10	Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID572577	Apparent oral clearance in HIV-1 infected patient at 400 mg, po bid coadministered with 100 mg, po bid of ritonavir with NRTI	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Decrease of atazanavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in a boosted double human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor salvage regimen.
AID374592	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 infected in MT4 cells after 6 days by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID369957	Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 ROD with protease G17N/V47A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV2 ROD	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID353765	AUC in Sprague-Dawley rat plasma at 5 mg/kg, po coadministered with RTV	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Water-soluble prodrugs of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors lopinavir and ritonavir.
AID668815	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-09, Volume: 2, Issue:6	Disubstituted Bis-THF Moieties as New P2 Ligands in Nonpeptidal HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.
AID1669457	Antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human TZM-bl cells infected with supernatants from virus-infected human 293T cells treated with compound for 18 hrs assessed as reduction in viral replication by luciferase assay	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-13, Volume: 63, Issue:15	Structural Analysis of Potent Hybrid HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Bis-tetrahydrofuran in a Pseudosymmetric Dipeptide Isostere.
AID582282	Plasma concentration in HIV-infected patient at 400 mg/m2, po administered every 12 hrs for 2 weeks co-administered with ritonavir and NNRTI measured 12 hrs after last dose	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Pharmacokinetics of high-dose lopinavir-ritonavir with and without saquinavir or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric and adolescent patients previously treated with protease inhibitors.
AID521547	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (ISOLATE ROD) after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID519550	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 7 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10I, M46M/L, G48V, I54V, L63P, A71V, I72M, V77I, V82A, L90M, I93L mutation derived from viral passages with Lopina	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID679931	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Rhodamine 123 efflux in Caco-2 cells	2003	AIDS (London, England), May-02, Volume: 17, Issue:7	Lopinavir: acute exposure inhibits P-glycoprotein; extended exposure induces P-glycoprotein.
AID446202	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate G to IC50 for wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID532453	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 32 harboring Gag-capsid, I138L, A146P, I147L, V159I, V215L, I223A, N252S/N, T280V and S310T and protease R41K/R, I62V, L63P, V77I and I93L mutant gene infected in human MT-2 cells by XTT-as	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID564048	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate JSL containing L10I, L24I, I33F, E35D, M36I, N37S, M46L, I54V, R57K, I62V, L63P, A71V, G73S, and V82A mutant infected in human PHA-PBMC cells by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID1219720	Drug metabolism in human liver microsomes assessed as GSH-conjugated monohydroxylated lopinavir adduct formation at 30 uM preincubated for 5 mins prior NADPH addition measured after 50 mins by UPLC-TOFMS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID321698	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 6 to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID242868	Association rate constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10	Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID557286	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/V32I/M46I/I54M//A71V/I84V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of amprenavir by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID541164	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring E92V mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID557297	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring M46I/V82F/I84V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1473739	Inhibition of human MRP2 overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID278975	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C8 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID321660	Inhibition of HIV1 protease	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID417048	Inhibition of human MDR1-dependent accumulation of calcein-AM expressed in MDCK2 cells at 20 uM	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID446205	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate JSL to IC50 for wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID572581	Half life in HIV-1 infected patient at 400 mg, po bid coadministered with 100 mg, po bid of ritonavir and 300 mg, po qd of atazanavir	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Decrease of atazanavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in a boosted double human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor salvage regimen.
AID369946	Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 CDC310319 infected in human PBMC to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID658567	Resistance factor, ratio of EC50 for multidrug-resistant HIV1 106-PR infected in HEK293T cells to wildtype HIV1 infected in HEK293T cells	2012	Journal of natural products, Mar-23, Volume: 75, Issue:3	Library-based discovery and characterization of daphnane diterpenes as potent and selective HIV inhibitors in Daphne gnidium.
AID557232	Drug level in HIV-infected Thai pregnant women serum at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum administered for 30 days in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir measured 2 hrs post last dose	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID322105	Antiviral activity against nelfinavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID278974	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C7 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID537771	Antiviral activity against multidrug resistant Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring protease M46I, I54V, V82A and L90M mutant	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	Structure-based design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating phenyloxazolidinones.
AID1482914	Antiviral activity against darunavir-resistant HIV1 derived from 51 passages harboring protease L10I/I15V/K20R/L24I/V32I/L33F/M36I/M46L/I54M/L63P/K70Q/V82I/I84V/L89M mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production af	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID519793	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 12T-14Y-19P-40N-41D-61N-62I-96S-99L protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID278956	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A4 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID374622	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54V/73S/82A/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1443980	Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in fall armyworm sf9 cell plasma membrane vesicles assessed as reduction in vesicle-associated [3H]-taurocholate transport preincubated for 10 mins prior to ATP addition measured after 15 mins in presence of [3H]-tauroch	2010	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Dec, Volume: 118, Issue:2	Interference with bile salt export pump function is a susceptibility factor for human liver injury in drug development.
AID278966	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A14 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID541163	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring E92Q mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID572582	Apparent oral clearance in HIV-1 infected patient at 400 mg, po bid coadministered with 100 mg, po bid of ritonavir and 300 mg, po qd of atazanavir	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Decrease of atazanavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in a boosted double human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor salvage regimen.
AID369951	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 7 days by Lenti-RT activity assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID374627	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54V/82T/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID557277	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 TM harboring L10I/K14R/R41K/M46L/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82A/L90M/I93L in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1482926	Ratio of IC50 for atazanavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L23I/E34Q/K43I/M46I/I50L/G51A/L63P/A71V/V82A/T91A mutant infected in human MT4 cells to IC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4.3 infected in human MT4 cells	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID541130	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against NRTI-resistant HIV1 harboring RTM184V mutant gene to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID519546	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 3 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10I, E35D, N37D, M461, I54V, L63P, A71V, T74P, I84V, L90M, I93L mutation derived from viral passages with Lopinavi	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID588212	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID519575	Antiviral activity against HIV1 P13 infected in human MT4 cells derived from viral passages with A-790742 harboring protease M46I, L63P, A71V, and V82G mutation assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infection measured 5 days p	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID1473740	Inhibition of human MRP3 overexpressed in Sf9 insect cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 10 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID525488	Antigametocyte activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring GFP-tagged Pfs16 protein assessed as reduction in number of gametocytes after 40 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	Antimalarial asexual stage-specific and gametocytocidal activities of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID557278	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 MM harboring L10I/K43T/M46L/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82A/L90M/Q92K in protease encoding region infected to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1725421	Antiviral activity against DRV resistant HIV1 infected in human MT4 cells incubated for 7 days by fully automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-08, Volume: 11, Issue:10	Design, Synthesis, and X-ray Studies of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with P2-Carboxamide Functionalities.
AID374630	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/54V/82A/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID575063	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring M46I mutation in viral protease assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID321681	Metabolic stability in dog liver microsomes assessed as compound remaining at 5 uM in presence of 2.5 uM ritonavir by RP-HPLC	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID1295706	Aqueous solubility of the compound by shake flask method	2016	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 59, Issue:7	Anti-HIV Drug Discovery and Development: Current Innovations and Future Trends.
AID278973	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C6 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID519786	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 10I-17D-40D-43I-45K/R-46V-54M-64I/V-69K/R-71V/I-90M protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID566850	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 MDR/TM infected in human PHA-PBM cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Design and synthesis of potent HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating hexahydrofuropyranol-derived high affinity P(2) ligands: structure-activity studies and biological evaluation.
AID1079949	Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID343028	Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease L10F/L19I/K20R/L33F/E35D/M36I/R41K/F53L/I54V/L63P/H69K/A71V/T74P/I84V/L89M/L90M/I93L mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID537768	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 clade A isolated from HIV-AIDS patient	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	Structure-based design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating phenyloxazolidinones.
AID1725420	Antiviral activity against ATV-resistant HIV1 infected in human MT4 cells incubated for 7 days by fully automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-08, Volume: 11, Issue:10	Design, Synthesis, and X-ray Studies of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with P2-Carboxamide Functionalities.
AID532469	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 6 harboring Gag-capsid I138L and V215L mutant gene and protease L10I, S37N, M46L, G48V, R57K, L63P, I66F, A71V, V82T and I84V mutant gene infected in human MT-2 cells by XTT-assay relative	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID557295	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/L24I/M46I/L63P/A71V/G73S/V82T amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1380930	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against APV resistant HIV1 harboring protease L10F/M46I/I50V/I85V mutant infected in human MT4 cells to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10	Design and Synthesis of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Tricyclic Fused Ring Systems as Novel P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies, Biological and X-ray Structural Analysis.
AID586625	Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring mutant protease with matrix K76R mutant infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase assay	2011	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID586618	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 harboring mutant protease with matrix Y79F mutant to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2011	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID558369	Drug level in HIV-infected pregnant woman maternal blood plasma at 400 mg, po BID by HPLC/UV analysis	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6	Genital tract, cord blood, and amniotic fluid exposures of seven antiretroviral drugs during and after pregnancy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women.
AID532463	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 9 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, A146S, I147L, V215L, N252H, T280A, A340G and E345D mutant gene and protease L10I, I13V, K20M, L33V, M36I, S37N, I54V, R57K, I62V, L63P, I66L, A71V, G73S, P79A,	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID726411	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B clinical isolate harboring L10I/K20R/M36I/G48V/ I62V/A71V/V82A/I93L protease mutant to EC50 for wild type Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors for a long-acting injectable drug application.
AID343026	Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/I15V/E35D/N37S/R41K/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/L90M mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID322112	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 ERS104prc X4 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID105589	Cytotoxicity against MT-4 cells	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-04, Volume: 12, Issue:21	Novel lopinavir analogues incorporating non-Aromatic P-1 side chains--synthesis and structure--activity relationships.
AID519553	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 10 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10I, I13V, K20R, L33F, E35D, M36I, N37D, I54L, Q58E, I62V, L63P, A71V, V82A, I84V, L90M mutation derived from vir	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID532466	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 27 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, S173T/S, V215L, L268M, R275K/R, T280V, S310T, E319D and G357S and protease L10I, I15V, L19V, V32I, L33F, M46I, I54V, K55R, R57K, L63P, C67F, H69Q, A71V, G73C/	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID589156	Mechanism based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 3A4 measured by testosterone hydroxylation	2005	Current drug metabolism, Oct, Volume: 6, Issue:5	Cytochrome p450 enzymes mechanism based inhibitors: common sub-structures and reactivity.
AID321662	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in presence of 50% human serum	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID1057015	Inhibition of HIV-1 multidrug-resistant protease 769 preincubated for 20 mins by FRET analysis	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 21, Issue:23	Ligand modifications to reduce the relative resistance of multi-drug resistant HIV-1 protease.
AID1079939	Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID162704	Compound was tested for its inhibitory potency against HIV protease at 0.5 nM	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-04, Volume: 12, Issue:21	Novel lopinavir analogues incorporating non-Aromatic P-1 side chains--synthesis and structure--activity relationships.
AID278982	Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46I, 54I and I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID279341	Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 154M mutation in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID297670	Inhibition of HIV1 Protease M3 variant by FRET based assay	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-06, Volume: 50, Issue:18	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating oxazolidinones as P2/P2' ligands in pseudosymmetric dipeptide isosteres.
AID1482913	Antiviral activity against darunavir-resistant HIV1 derived from 30 passages harboring protease L10I/I15V/K20R/L24I/V32I/M36I/M46L/L63P/K70R/V82A/I84V/L89M mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID278961	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A9 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID1057014	Ratio of IC50 for HIV-1 multidrug-resistant protease 769 to IC50 for HIV-1 NL4-3 wild type protease	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 21, Issue:23	Ligand modifications to reduce the relative resistance of multi-drug resistant HIV-1 protease.
AID1079934	Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID446198	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate MM infected in PHA-stimulated human PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein production	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID415251	Metabolic stability in human liver microsomes assessed as inhibition of metabolism at 2 uM by LC/MS/MS analysis in presence of ritonavir	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-23, Volume: 52, Issue:8	2-Pyridyl P1'-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (A-792611 and A-790742) with potential for convenient dosing and reduced side effects.
AID446201	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate C to IC50 for wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID369962	Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 MS infected in human MT4 cells after 18 passages to EC50 for HIV2 MS infected in human MT4 cells	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID546990	Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype B harboring protease polymorphism at M36 position and L10F, V82A mutant gene infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID278984	Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46I, 54V and I84V mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID525477	Antigametocyte activity against ring stage Plasmodium falciparum D10 assessed as inhibition of parasite growth at 20 uM after 1 to 8 hrs	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	Antimalarial asexual stage-specific and gametocytocidal activities of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID1482923	Ratio of IC50 for lopinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10F/V32I/M46I/I47A/A71V/I84V mutant infected in human MT4 cells to IC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4.3 infected in human MT4 cells	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID622656	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 pNL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cell death after 5 days by MTT assay in presence of 50% human serum	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-27, Volume: 54, Issue:20	P1-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with potent antiviral activity against drug-resistant viruses.
AID537774	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for multidrug resistant Human immunodeficiency virus 1 MDRC4 to EC50 for wild type Human immunodeficiency virus 1	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	Structure-based design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating phenyloxazolidinones.
AID446200	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate B to IC50 for wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID321696	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 4 to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID443166	Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity after 6 days by XTT assay	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-28, Volume: 53, Issue:2	HIV-1 protease inhibitors with a transition-state mimic comprising a tertiary alcohol: improved antiviral activity in cells.
AID532478	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 12 harboring Gag-capsid I138L E207D, V215L, V218P, H219Q, M228I, G248T, T280S, E312D, A340G, G357S and V362I mutant gene and protease S37N, I62V/I, L63P, I64L and V82I mutant gene infected	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID699540	Inhibition of human liver OATP1B3 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID724346	Inhibition of C-south african HIV-1 protease assessed as hydrolysis of the chromogenic peptide substrate Lys-Ala-Arg-Val-Nle-p-nitro-Phe-Glu-Ala-Nle-NH2	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60	Linear and cyclic glycopeptide as HIV protease inhibitors.
AID1482918	Ratio of IC50 for darunavir-resistant HIV1 derived from 51 passages harboring protease L10I/I15V/K20R/L24I/V32I/L33F/M36I/M46L/I54M/L63P/K70Q/V82I/I84V/L89M mutant infected in human MT4 cells to IC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4.3 infected in human MT4 cells	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID1422658	Inhibition of ZMPSTE24 in human KP4 cells assessed as increase in intracellular accumulation of prenylated prelamin A at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis relative to control	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 26, Issue:20	Molecular tools that block maturation of the nuclear lamin A and decelerate cancer cell migration.
AID1725423	Antiviral activity against HIV1 DRVR P51 infected in human MT4 cells incubated for 7 days by fully automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-08, Volume: 11, Issue:10	Design, Synthesis, and X-ray Studies of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with P2-Carboxamide Functionalities.
AID369952	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD with protease G17N mutation infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 7 days by Lenti-RT activity assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID446196	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate G infected in PHA-stimulated human PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein production	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID1079935	Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID1409312	Antiviral activity against darunavir-resistant HIV1 at passage 30 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-08, Volume: 61, Issue:21	Design and Synthesis of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Bicyclic Oxazolidinone Scaffold as the P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies and Biological and X-ray Structural Studies.
AID442713	Antiviral activity against indinavir-resistant HIV1 harboring L10R/M46I/L63P/V82T/I84V mutant protease infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 5 days by MTT assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Small-sized human immunodeficiency virus type-1 protease inhibitors containing allophenylnorstatine to explore the S2' pocket.
AID279347	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 5512 with D30N, M461 and V771 mutation in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID328892	Inhibition of mouse RCE1 expressed in delta ste24 delta rce1 yeast	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID547007	Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG harboring protease M46, I47A, I84V mutant gene and polymorphism at I36 position infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID246194	Protease inhibitory activity against HIV-1 r13034 mutant strain was determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID532655	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 39 harboring Gag-capsid A146P, I147L, V215L, M228I, G248A, R286K, A326S, G357S and V362I mutant gene and protease K14R, E35D, M36I, S37N, R41K, K45R, D60E, I62V and I64V mutant gene infecte	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID417028	Effect on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate metabolism in HIV infected patient assessed as change in plasma Cmax of tenofovir at 400 mg, po, BID co-administered with 300 mg once daily dose of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID586617	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 harboring mutant protease with matrix A81T mutant to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2011	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID416864	Inhibition of human MDR1-dependent accumulation of calcein-AM expressed in MDCK2 cells	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID432028	Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum W2 by [3H]hypoxanthine uptake	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 44, Issue:9	Synthesis, antimalarial evaluation and molecular modeling studies of hydroxyethylpiperazines, potential aspartyl protease inhibitors, part 2.
AID322102	Antiviral activity against saquinavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID322100	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for MT2 cells to EC50 for HIV1 LAI	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID519782	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 5L/F-14Y/H-17G/D-43T-54I/M-62V/A-70R/K-71I protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID1845236	Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 MPro	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 29	Protease targeted COVID-19 drug discovery and its challenges: Insight into viral main protease (Mpro) and papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibitors.
AID525279	Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 after 48 hrs	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	Antimalarial asexual stage-specific and gametocytocidal activities of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID1422656	Inhibition of ZMPSTE24 in human U2OS cells assessed as increase in intracellular accumulation of prelamin A at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis relative to control	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 26, Issue:20	Molecular tools that block maturation of the nuclear lamin A and decelerate cancer cell migration.
AID564063	Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/M46M,I/Q61Q mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 1 uM of GRL-396 by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID564032	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells after 7 days by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID442704	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 5 days by MTT assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Small-sized human immunodeficiency virus type-1 protease inhibitors containing allophenylnorstatine to explore the S2' pocket.
AID279346	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 5512 with V321 and M46L mutation in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID521549	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype H expressing 10I-40P-41Y-60H-63N-70T-73G-89L-92E protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID446204	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate MM to IC50 for wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID162693	Inhibitory activity (0.5 nM) against Protease	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-17, Volume: 14, Issue:10	Novel lopinavir analogues incorporating heterocyclic replacements of six-member cyclic urea--synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
AID322101	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 in MT4 cells by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID541132	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against NNRTI-resistant HIV1 harboring RTK103N mutant gene to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID343017	Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease A71V/V82T/I84V mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID519784	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 54M-65E-71I-74N-90M protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID575060	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring protease inhibitor resistance-associated mutations and protease L76V mutation in viral protease assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID532457	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 26 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, A146S, I147L, E312D, A326S, L337M, and A340G mutant gene and protease T4S, L10F, V11L, I13V, I15V, K20A, V32I, L33F, M36I, S37D, K43T, M46I, I54L, I62V, L63P,	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID557239	Ratio of drug level in 2 hrs to 30 days post last dose of HIV-infected Thai pregnant women serum at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID541131	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against NRTI-resistant HIV1 harboring RT-6TAMs mutant gene to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID374603	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 54V/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1323585	Binding affinity to mouse anti-dsDNA monoclonal antibody R4A assessed as inhibition of RA4 binding to DWEYS peptide at 5 to 50 uM preincubated for 1 hr followed by DWEYS peptide addition measured after 1 hr by ELISA	2016	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-13, Volume: 59, Issue:19	Amending HIV Drugs: A Novel Small-Molecule Approach To Target Lupus Anti-DNA Antibodies.
AID278959	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A7 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID163477	Binding affinity against ritonavir-resistant strains.	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 43, Issue:3	Protease inhibitors: current status and future prospects.
AID564042	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 ERS104 containing protease L36P mutant infected in human PHA-PBMC cells by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID1057016	Inhibition of HIV-1 NL4-3 wild type protease expressed in Escherichia coli preincubated for 20 mins by FRET analysis	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 21, Issue:23	Ligand modifications to reduce the relative resistance of multi-drug resistant HIV-1 protease.
AID541109	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human MT-2 cells by two fold dilution method in presence of 10% FBS	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID328888	Effect on HDJ2 farnesylation in mouse fibroblast cells at 20 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID1219735	Drug metabolism in human liver microsomes assessed as CYP1A2-mediated GSH-conjugated hydroxylated DMP adduct formation adduct formation at 2 uM after after 30 mins by UPLC-TOFMS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID546996	Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype C harboring protease L10R, M46I, I54V, V82S mutant gene and polymorphism at M36 position infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID683726	Antimalarial activity against liver stages of Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL infected in Swiss Webster mouse assessed as reduction in liver parasite load at 100 mg/kg, po co-administered with 50 mg/kg ritonavir incubated for 6 hrs prior to sporozoite inoculation	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-09, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Targeting the liver stage of malaria parasites: a yet unmet goal.
AID519792	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 14Y-19P-61N-64V-71I-90M-95I protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T2 during compound treatment measured after 3 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID532455	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 8 harboring Gag-capsid V215T mutant gene and protease L10I, L24I, L33F, S37N, R41K, I54V, D60E, I62V, L63P, A71V, V77I, V82A and I84V mutant gene infected in human MT-2 cells by XTT-assay r	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID374639	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/50L/54V/82A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID547004	Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG harboring protease L76V, M46I, I84V mutant gene and polymorphism at M36 position infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporte	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID557221	Drug level in HIV-infected Thai pregnant women serum at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir measured 4 hrs post last dose	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID274380	Inhibition of HIV1 protease L10I/G48V/I54V/L63P/V82A mutant	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 49, Issue:25	Discovery of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with picomolar affinities incorporating N-aryl-oxazolidinone-5-carboxamides as novel P2 ligands.
AID343018	Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease V32I/I47A mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID105401	Antiviral activity against the cytopathic effects of HIV IIIB in MT-4 cells was assayed in the presence of 50% human serum	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-04, Volume: 12, Issue:21	Novel lopinavir analogues incorporating non-Aromatic P-1 side chains--synthesis and structure--activity relationships.
AID247984	Inhibitory concentration against wild type human immunodeficiency virus	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-02, Volume: 15, Issue:9	Oximinoarylsulfonamides as potent HIV protease inhibitors.
AID532471	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 31 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, S173T, V215L, I223N, M228L, G248Q, N252H, T280V and E312D mutant gene and protease I13V, K14R/K, M36I, S37N, I64V, H69K and I72V mutant gene infected in human	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID566851	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 MDR/MM infected in human PHA-PBM cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Design and synthesis of potent HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating hexahydrofuropyranol-derived high affinity P(2) ligands: structure-activity studies and biological evaluation.
AID586622	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 harboring HIV1 harboring wild type 8.9NSX with gag RF79F and T81A mutant to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2011	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID547018	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 subtype B harboring protease polymorphism at M36 position and L10F, V82A mutant gene to EC50 for wild type HIV1 subtype B	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID557279	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 JSL harboring L10I/L24I/L33F/E35D/M36I/N37S/M46L/I54V/R57K/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/82A in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1482905	Antiviral activity against amprenavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10F/V32I/L33F/M46L/I54M/A71V mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID274379	Inhibition of wild type HIV1 protease Q7K mutant	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 49, Issue:25	Discovery of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with picomolar affinities incorporating N-aryl-oxazolidinone-5-carboxamides as novel P2 ligands.
AID582276	Clearance in HIV-infected patient at 400 mg/m2, po administered every 12 hrs for 2 weeks co-administered with 120 mg/m2 of ritonavir	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Pharmacokinetics of high-dose lopinavir-ritonavir with and without saquinavir or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric and adolescent patients previously treated with protease inhibitors.
AID278985	Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46I, 54M/V and I84A mutation in HEK 293 relative to similar background	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID417038	Effect on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate metabolism in HIV infected patient assessed as change in plasma Cmin of tenofovir at 400 mg, po, BID co-administered with 300 mg once daily dose of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID279345	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID532462	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 37 harboring Gag-capsid V135I, I138P, V143I, Q182H, V215L/V, V218P/A, H219Q, I223V, E230D, N252S, T280A, R286K, K302R and G357S mutant gene and protease S37D, R41K, L63P and I93L mutant gen	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID369959	Antiviral activity against HIV2 MS infected in human MT4 cells assessed as p27 antigen level after 11 passages	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID274381	Inhibition of HIV1 protease D30N/L63P/N88D mutant	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 49, Issue:25	Discovery of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with picomolar affinities incorporating N-aryl-oxazolidinone-5-carboxamides as novel P2 ligands.
AID532467	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 1 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, V159I, E203D, V215L, I223V, T280V, E312D and V323I mutant gene and protease L10I, K20R, M36I, S37N, G48V, I54M, I62V, L63P, A71V, I72V, V82A, I84V, L90M and I9	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID698059	Selectivity index, ratio of Ki for HIV protease V82A mutant to Ki for HIV1 wild type protease	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-23, Volume: 55, Issue:4	Rational approaches to improving selectivity in drug design.
AID352084	Antimalarial activity after 24 hrs against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum W2 by [3H]hypoxanthine uptake	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 44, Issue:3	Synthesis and antimalarial activity of hydroxyethylpiperazine derivatives.
AID1079947	Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID1380926	Antiviral activity against LPV resistant HIV1 harboring protease L10F/M46/I54V/V82A mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10	Design and Synthesis of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Tricyclic Fused Ring Systems as Novel P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies, Biological and X-ray Structural Analysis.
AID321679	Metabolic stability in dog liver microsomes assessed as compound remaining at 5 uM by RP-HPLC	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID322117	Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/C X4 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID321677	Metabolic stability in rat liver microsomes assessed as compound remaining at 5 uM in presence of 0.5 uM ritonavir by RP-HPLC	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID279340	Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 150V mutation in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID668816	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human MT4 cells to EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-09, Volume: 2, Issue:6	Disubstituted Bis-THF Moieties as New P2 Ligands in Nonpeptidal HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.
AID541172	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring E92V and V151A mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID1717754	Antiviral activity against SARS-CoV isolate Frankfurt-1 infected in African green monkey Vero E6 cells incubated for 3 days	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-25, Volume: 63, Issue:22	Chinese Therapeutic Strategy for Fighting COVID-19 and Potential Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
AID1079937	Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID1409308	Antiviral activity against Atazanavir-resistant HIV1 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-08, Volume: 61, Issue:21	Design and Synthesis of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Bicyclic Oxazolidinone Scaffold as the P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies and Biological and X-ray Structural Studies.
AID446193	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre infected in PHA-stimulated human PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein production	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID1193134	Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium knowlesi infected Chinese rhesus macaques assessed as parasitemia level in blood smears at 40 mg/kg, intragastric treated 5 days before infection measured between day 0 to 7 by Giemsa-staining in presence of ritona	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 25, Issue:7	Ritonavir-boosted indinavir but not lopinavir inhibits erythrocytic stage Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in rhesus macaques.
AID532657	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 4 harboring Gag-capsid A146P, V159I, K162R, Q182S, T186I, V215L, I223G/V, N252G, P255A, E260D, E312D and G357S mutant gene and protease L10R, S37N, M46L, I62V, L63P, A71V, T74S, V82T, L90M	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID372181	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/50L/54V/82A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID572574	Cmax in HIV-1 infected patient at 400 mg, po bid coadministered with 100 mg, po bid of ritonavir and NRTI	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Decrease of atazanavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in a boosted double human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor salvage regimen.
AID557244	Toxicity in HIV-infected Thai pregnant women assessed as adverse effect at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum administered for 30 days in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID374625	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54V/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID519544	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 1 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10V, I15V, G16E, K20R, E35D, M36I, R41K, M46I, I54V, R57K, Q61N, I64L, A71V, I72R, V82A, L89I, L90M, Q92K mutation	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID374638	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/48V/82A/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID532458	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 28 harboring Gag-capsid I138M mutant gene and protease L10I, I13V, L23I, L33F, S37N, M46I, I54V, K55R, R57K, Q58E, D60E, I62V, L63P, A71I, I72V, L76V, V77I, V82A, I84V, I85V, L89M, L90M and	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID683725	Antimalarial activity against liver stages of Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL infected in Swiss Webster mouse assessed as reduction in liver parasite load at 25 mg/kg, po co-administered with 12.5 mg/kg ritonavir incubated for 6 hrs prior to sporozoite inoculatio	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-09, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Targeting the liver stage of malaria parasites: a yet unmet goal.
AID322110	Antiviral activity against HIV1 GRL98065p30 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID321680	Metabolic stability in dog liver microsomes assessed as compound remaining at 5 uM in presence of 0.5 uM ritonavir by RP-HPLC	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID322111	Antiviral activity against HIV1 GRL98065p40 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID537766	Inhibition of multidrug resistant HIV1 protease L101I, L36P, A71V, G73S, I84V, L90M mutant by FRET	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	Structure-based design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating phenyloxazolidinones.
AID668810	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate M2 expressing protease L10I, I13V, M46I, I50V, L63P, L76V mutant infected in human MT4 cells	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-09, Volume: 2, Issue:6	Disubstituted Bis-THF Moieties as New P2 Ligands in Nonpeptidal HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.
AID328894	Effect on change in ZMPSTE24 mRNA expression level in mouse fibroblasts at 20 uM after 10 days by PCR	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID369943	Antiviral activity against HIV2 CDC310319 isolate infected in human PBMC assessed as inhibition of virus production after 5 days by Lenti-RT activity assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID321694	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 2 to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID239810	Equilibrium dissociation constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10	Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID375205	Ratio of EC50 for multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate MM to EC50 for wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 52, Issue:13	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with pyrrolidinones and oxazolidinones as novel P1'-ligands to enhance backbone-binding interactions with protease: synthesis, biological evaluation, and protein-ligand X-ray studies.
AID553577	Antiviral activity against HIV1 MM harboring L10I/K43T/M46L/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82A/L90M/Q92K in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID519785	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 10I-17D-40D-43I-46V-66V/A-70R/K protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID374609	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID557299	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L23I/K43I/M46I/I50L/G51A/A71V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID322097	Antiviral activity against HIV2 EHO in MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID372184	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 37T/41K/70E mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID519579	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clone4 infected in HEK293 cells harboring A-790742-selected protease L33F, A71V, G73S, V77I, V82L, and I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral replication by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to wild type HIV1 pN	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID374601	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 24I/33F/54V/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID279338	Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 182F mutation in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID278967	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A15 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID321685	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID668808	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B expressing wild-type protease infected in human MT4 cells	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-09, Volume: 2, Issue:6	Disubstituted Bis-THF Moieties as New P2 Ligands in Nonpeptidal HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.
AID1380929	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against LPV resistant HIV1 harboring protease L10F/M46/I54V/V82A mutant infected in human MT4 cells to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10	Design and Synthesis of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Tricyclic Fused Ring Systems as Novel P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies, Biological and X-ray Structural Analysis.
AID297671	Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected MT4 cells by MTT method	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-06, Volume: 50, Issue:18	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating oxazolidinones as P2/P2' ligands in pseudosymmetric dipeptide isosteres.
AID541173	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring E138K and Q148K mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID375199	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre infected in PHA-stimulated PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 52, Issue:13	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with pyrrolidinones and oxazolidinones as novel P1'-ligands to enhance backbone-binding interactions with protease: synthesis, biological evaluation, and protein-ligand X-ray studies.
AID532465	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 25 harboring Gag-capsid I138M, S173A, V215L, N252S, I256T, S310T/S, A340G and E345D mutant gene and protease L10F, V11I, I13V, K20I, V32I, L33F, E34Q, E35D, M36I, S37N, K43T, M46I, F53Y, I5	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID586628	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 harboring 8gpNS with K76R, F79Y, and A81T mutant to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2011	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID343027	Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/L24I/L33F/M46L/154V/L63P/A71V/V82A/I84V mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease expressed in Escherichia coli	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID369960	Antiviral activity against HIV2 MS infected in human MT4 cells assessed as p27 antigen level after 18 passages	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID369947	Antiviral activity against HIV2 MS infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 5 days by Lenti-RT activity assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID553576	Antiviral activity against HIV1 TM harboring L10I/K14R/R41K/M46L/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82A/L90M/I93L in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID553571	Antiviral activity against HIV1 LAI infected in human MT2 cells after 7 days by MTT assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID321690	Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 5	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID519573	Antiviral activity against HIV1 P15 infected in human MT4 cells derived from viral passages with A-790742 harboring protease L33L/F, K45I, V82L, and I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infection measured 5 days	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID668817	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B expressing wild-type protease infected in human MT4 cells in presence of 50% human serum	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-09, Volume: 2, Issue:6	Disubstituted Bis-THF Moieties as New P2 Ligands in Nonpeptidal HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.
AID519538	Antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 pNL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infection measured 5 days post infection in presence of 50% human serum by MTT assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID343022	Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease D30N/N88D mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID374612	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 30N/88D/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID532475	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 38 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, I147L, V215L, H219Q/H, I223V, N252H, P292S, A336S/A and A340G mutant gene and protease E35D, S37A and L63P mutant gene infected in human MT-2 cells by XTT-ass	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID564040	Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/M46I/I54V/V82A mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 5 uM of Lopinavir by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID557298	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/M46I/I54V/V82A amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1482915	Antiviral activity against nelfinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10F/K20T/D30N/K45I/A71V/V77I mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID369944	Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 MS to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID588986	Inhibitors of transporters of clinical importance in the absorption and disposition of drugs, OATP1A2	2010	Nature reviews. Drug discovery, Mar, Volume: 9, Issue:3	Membrane transporters in drug development.
AID374604	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54V/73S/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID257271	Antiviral activity against HIV1 in the presence of 50% human serum	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 15, Issue:24	Synthesis and activity of N-acyl azacyclic urea HIV-1 protease inhibitors with high potency against multiple drug resistant viral strains.
AID586624	Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring wild type 8.9NSX with mutant amino acid 116 insertion infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase assay	2011	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID1219721	Drug metabolism in human liver microsomes assessed as GSH-conjugated dihydroxylated/dehydrogenated lopinavir adduct formation at 30 uM preincubated for 5 mins prior NADPH addition measured after 50 mins by UPLC-TOFMS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID1219719	Drug metabolism in human liver microsomes assessed as compound-GSH adduct formation at 30 uM preincubated for 5 mins prior NADPH addition measured after 50 mins by UPLC-TOFMS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID557276	Antiviral activity against HIV1 G harboring L10I/V11I/T12E/I15V/L19I/R41K/M46L/L63P/A71T/V82A/L90M in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID322098	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD in MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID582278	Tmax in HIV-infected patient at 400 mg/m2, po administered every 12 hrs for 2 weeks co-administered with 120 mg/m2 of ritonavir	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Pharmacokinetics of high-dose lopinavir-ritonavir with and without saquinavir or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric and adolescent patients previously treated with protease inhibitors.
AID1725418	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells incubated for 7 days by fully automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-08, Volume: 11, Issue:10	Design, Synthesis, and X-ray Studies of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with P2-Carboxamide Functionalities.
AID622659	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 1 harboring protease L10I, E35D, N37D, M46I, I54V, G57R, L63P, A71V, T74P, I84V, L90M, I93L mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cell death after 5 days by MTT assay relative to	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-27, Volume: 54, Issue:20	P1-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with potent antiviral activity against drug-resistant viruses.
AID588213	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in non-rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID328886	Toxicity in HEK293 cells transfected with GFP-prelamin A construct assessed as accumulation of uncleaved protein at 20 uM by Western blot	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID374610	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/50V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID322115	Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/JSL R5 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID557287	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/L24I/M46I/L63P/A71V/G73S/V82T amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of indinavir by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1482919	Antiviral activity against saquinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10I/N37D/G48V/I54V/L63P/G73C/I84V/L90M mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassa	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID557293	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10I/G48V/I54V/L90M amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID532454	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 7 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, I147L, S173A, V215L, I223V, T242N, G248A, N252A, I126T, T280V and E312D mutant gene and protease K20R, M36I, R41K, M46I, L63Q, I64V, P79S, V82F and L90M mutant	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID521548	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (BRU ISOLATE) after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID564037	Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10I/G48V/I54V/A71V/I84V/L90M mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 5 uM of saquinavir by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID321697	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 5 to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID664437	Inhibition of South African HIV1 subtype C protease expressed in Escherichia coli BL21S4 (DE3)pLysS cells using Lys-Ala-Arg-Val-Nle-p-nitro-Phe-Glu-Ala-Nle-NH2 as substrate by spectrophotometry	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 53	Synthesis and molecular modelling studies of novel carbapeptide analogs for inhibition of HIV-1 protease.
AID519787	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 14H-40D-70K-72R/K-91T/S protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID566847	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 MDR/B infected in human PHA-PBM cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Design and synthesis of potent HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating hexahydrofuropyranol-derived high affinity P(2) ligands: structure-activity studies and biological evaluation.
AID278971	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C4 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID248600	Inhibitory concentration against wild type Human immuno deficiency virus (D545701) was determined in an MT-4 cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 15, Issue:15	Novel P1 chain-extended HIV protease inhibitors possessing potent anti-HIV activity and remarkable inverse antiviral resistance profiles.
AID328883	Toxicity in mouse fibroblast cells assessed as accumulation of prelamin A at 20 uM after 10 days by Western blot	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID525281	Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring HFP-tagged Pfs16 protein after 48 hrs	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	Antimalarial asexual stage-specific and gametocytocidal activities of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID726413	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B clinical isolate harboring L10I/M46I/I64V/I84V/L90M/I93L protease mutant to EC50 for wild type Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors for a long-acting injectable drug application.
AID519572	Antiviral activity against HIV1 P9 infected in human MT4 cells derived from viral passages with A-790742 harboring protease V82V/L and I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infection measured 5 days post infectio	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID343019	Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/I15V/E35D/N37S/R41K/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/L90M mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID525484	Antigametocyte activity against drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 trophozoites assessed as inhibition of parasite growth at 20 uM after 1 to 8 hrs	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	Antimalarial asexual stage-specific and gametocytocidal activities of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID404304	Effect on human MRP2-mediated estradiol-17-beta-glucuronide transport in Sf9 cells inverted membrane vesicles relative to control	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Prediction and identification of drug interactions with the human ATP-binding cassette transporter multidrug-resistance associated protein 2 (MRP2; ABCC2).
AID278964	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A12 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID343015	Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease D30N/N88D mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID238043	Binding affinity for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 47, Issue:24	Improved structure-activity relationship analysis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors using interaction kinetic data.
AID369942	Antiviral activity against HIV2 CBL-23 infected in human PBMC assessed as inhibition of virus production after 5 days by Lenti-RT activity assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID1409313	Antiviral activity against darunavir-resistant HIV1 at passage 51 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-08, Volume: 61, Issue:21	Design and Synthesis of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Bicyclic Oxazolidinone Scaffold as the P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies and Biological and X-ray Structural Studies.
AID353764	Cmax in Sprague-Dawley rat plasma at 5 mg/kg, po coadministered with RTV	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Water-soluble prodrugs of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors lopinavir and ritonavir.
AID374620	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 32I/46I/47V/50L mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID519790	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 14Y-61N-99L protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID519556	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 13 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10I, K14R, L33F, E34Q, R41K, K45R, M46I, I50V, K55R, L63P, A71V, G73T, V77I, V82A, L90M, I93L mutation derived fr	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID374629	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/54M/82L/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID525166	Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 infected in human erythrocytes assessed as potentiation of choloroquine-mediated antimalarial activity by light microscopy	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Synergy of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with chloroquine against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and Plasmodium chabaudi in vivo.
AID1079932	Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID547237	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG harboring protease L76V, M46I, I84V mutant gene and polymorphism at M36 position to EC50 for wild type HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID353740	AUC in po dosed Beagle dog at dose molar equivalent to 5 mg/kg LPV, po coadministered with RTV dosed as 5% dextrose containing solution	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Water-soluble prodrugs of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors lopinavir and ritonavir.
AID537773	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for multidrug resistant Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring protease M46I, I54V, V82A and L90M mutant to EC50 for wild type Human immunodeficiency virus 1	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	Structure-based design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating phenyloxazolidinones.
AID572578	Cmin in HIV-1 infected patient at 400 mg, po bid coadministered with 100 mg, po bid of ritonavir and 300 mg, po qd of atazanavir	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Decrease of atazanavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in a boosted double human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor salvage regimen.
AID415249	Metabolic stability in human liver microsomes assessed as compound disappearance at 2 uM by LC/MS/MS analysis	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-23, Volume: 52, Issue:8	2-Pyridyl P1'-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (A-792611 and A-790742) with potential for convenient dosing and reduced side effects.
AID557280	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 A harboring L10I/I15V/E35D/N37E/K45R/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82T/L90M/I93L/C95F in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID698061	Selectivity index, ratio of Ki for HIV protease L10I mutant to Ki for HIV1 wild type protease	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-23, Volume: 55, Issue:4	Rational approaches to improving selectivity in drug design.
AID557294	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/V32I/M46I/I54M//A71V/I84V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID532464	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 30 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, V215L, R286K and Q311A mutant gene and protease I13V, E35D, S37N and L63P mutant gene infected in human MT-2 cells by XTT-assay relative to wild-type	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID541167	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring Q148K mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID1219737	Maximum plasma concentration in healthy human at 400 mg	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID519548	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 5 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10F, I15V, M46I, L63P, A71V, I72L, V82T, I84V, I85V, L90M mutation derived from viral passages with Lopinavir asse	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID1482927	Ratio of IC50 for tipranavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10I/L33I/M36I/M46I/I54V/K55R/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/V82T/L90M/I93L mutant infected in human MT4 cells to IC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4.3 infected in human MT4 cells	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID374611	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 48V/54V/82A/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1079941	Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID519794	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 12Q-14R-17G/D-19P-61N-62I-92A protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID588982	Inhibitors of transporters of clinical importance in the absorption and disposition of drugs, OATP1B3	2010	Nature reviews. Drug discovery, Mar, Volume: 9, Issue:3	Membrane transporters in drug development.
AID564029	Antiviral activity against HIV1 LAI infected in human MT2 cells by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID343016	Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease M46I/A71V/V82T/I84V mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID374624	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54L/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1350495	Antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 pNL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 5 days in absence of human serum by MTT assay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12	Identification of Highly Potent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Protease Inhibitors against Lopinavir and Darunavir Resistant Viruses from Allophenylnorstatine-Based Peptidomimetics with P2 Tetrahydrofuranylglycine.
AID328877	Toxicity in human AG07095 cells assessed as accumulation of prelamin A at 20 uM after 10 days by Western blot	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID375202	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate C infected in PHA-stimulated PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 52, Issue:13	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with pyrrolidinones and oxazolidinones as novel P1'-ligands to enhance backbone-binding interactions with protease: synthesis, biological evaluation, and protein-ligand X-ray studies.
AID242866	Dissociation rate constant for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 47, Issue:24	Improved structure-activity relationship analysis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors using interaction kinetic data.
AID1079945	Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID322116	Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/B X4 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID343020	Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease L10I/L24I/L33F/M46L/154V/L63P/A71V/V82A/I84V mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID1409310	Antiviral activity against amprenavir-resistant HIV1 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-08, Volume: 61, Issue:21	Design and Synthesis of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Bicyclic Oxazolidinone Scaffold as the P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies and Biological and X-ray Structural Studies.
AID586626	Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring mutant protease with matrix Y79F mutant infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase assay	2011	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID279343	Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 154M and 184V mutation in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID322096	Antiviral activity against HIV1 LAI in MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID321693	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 1 to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID564061	Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/M46I/T91S mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 1 uM of GRL-246 by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID321699	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 mutant strain 7 to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID582283	Tmax in HIV-infected patient at 400 mg/m2, po administered every 12 hrs for 2 weeks co-administered with ritonavir and NNRTI	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Pharmacokinetics of high-dose lopinavir-ritonavir with and without saquinavir or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric and adolescent patients previously treated with protease inhibitors.
AID321676	Metabolic stability in rat liver microsomes assessed as compound remaining at 5 uM by RP-HPLC	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID519542	Antiviral activity against HIV1 B26 infected in human MT4 cells harboring protease L33F, K45I, M46I, I50V, I54V, A71V, and V82F mutation derived from viral passages with Lopinavir assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infectio	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID278965	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A13 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID257270	Antiviral activity against HIV1 in the absence of human serum	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 15, Issue:24	Synthesis and activity of N-acyl azacyclic urea HIV-1 protease inhibitors with high potency against multiple drug resistant viral strains.
AID104835	Effective concentration against ritonavir -resistant strains in MT-4 cells.	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 43, Issue:3	Protease inhibitors: current status and future prospects.
AID557218	AUC (0 to 12 hrs) in HIV-infected Thai pregnant women at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir measured within 72 hrs postpartum	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID322103	Antiviral activity against ritonavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID532461	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 5 harboring Gag-capsid I138M, V159I, T280V and S310T mutant gene and protease I13V, D30N, L33I, E35D, M36I, S37N, M46I/L, I54V, I62V, L63P, I66M/I, A71N/T, I72T/I, V82L/V, N88D, L90M and I9	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID519781	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 14H-17D-43T-68N/D protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID726416	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B clinical isolate harboring L10I/M46I/I64V/I84V/L90M/I93L protease mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors for a long-acting injectable drug application.
AID248546	Inhibitory concentration against wild type Human immuno deficiency virus (HXB2) was determined in an MT-4 cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 15, Issue:15	Novel P1 chain-extended HIV protease inhibitors possessing potent anti-HIV activity and remarkable inverse antiviral resistance profiles.
AID1307691	Binding affinity to HIV1 protease I47A mutant	2016	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-12, Volume: 59, Issue:9	OpenGrowth: An Automated and Rational Algorithm for Finding New Protein Ligands.
AID1873200	Inhibition of human ABCG2 expressed in dog MDCK-II-BCRP cells mediated pheophorbide A efflux preincubated with PhA followed by compound addition and measured after 60 mins by flow cytometry	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Targeting breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2): Functional inhibitors and expression modulators.
AID1323586	Binding affinity to mouse anti-dsDNA monoclonal antibody R4A assessed as inhibition of RA4 binding to DWEYS peptide preincubated for 1 hr followed by DWEYS peptide addition measured after 1 hr by ELISA	2016	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-13, Volume: 59, Issue:19	Amending HIV Drugs: A Novel Small-Molecule Approach To Target Lupus Anti-DNA Antibodies.
AID279342	Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 154M and L90M mutation in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID1482909	Antiviral activity against lopinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10F/V32I/M46I/I47A/A71V/I84V mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID1725419	Antiviral activity against LPV-resistant HIV1 infected in human MT4 cells incubated for 7 days by fully automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-08, Volume: 11, Issue:10	Design, Synthesis, and X-ray Studies of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with P2-Carboxamide Functionalities.
AID343014	Inhibition of wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID372190	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/50V/54V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID374607	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/82T/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID699539	Inhibition of human liver OATP1B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID415248	Fold resistance, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 bearing protease gene with A17 mutation to EC50 for wild-type HIV1 pNL4-3	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-23, Volume: 52, Issue:8	2-Pyridyl P1'-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (A-792611 and A-790742) with potential for convenient dosing and reduced side effects.
AID1422660	Inhibition of ZMPSTE24 in human HCT116 cells assessed as increase in intracellular accumulation of prenylated prelamin A at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis relative to control	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 26, Issue:20	Molecular tools that block maturation of the nuclear lamin A and decelerate cancer cell migration.
AID1593661	Prodrug conversion in cannulated Sprague-Dawley rat plasma assessed as atazanavir formation at 3 mg/kg equiv of atazanavir administered orally by UPLC/MS/MS analysis	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-11, Volume: 62, Issue:7	Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Phosphate and Amino Acid Ester Prodrugs for Improving the Oral Bioavailability of the HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor Atazanavir.
AID374634	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54V/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1350502	Inhibition of protease L10F/V32I/M46I/I47V/Q58E/I84V mutant in HIV1 A17 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect after 5 days by MTT assay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12	Identification of Highly Potent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Protease Inhibitors against Lopinavir and Darunavir Resistant Viruses from Allophenylnorstatine-Based Peptidomimetics with P2 Tetrahydrofuranylglycine.
AID1219724	Drug metabolism in human liver microsomes assessed as GSH-conjugated hydroxylated DMP adduct formation at 30 uM preincubated for 5 mins prior NADPH addition measured after 50 mins by UPLC-TOFMS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID541168	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring V151A mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID586619	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 harboring mutant protease with matrix K76R mutant to EC50 for wild type HIV1	2011	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID519791	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 14Y-19P-33I-61N-71I-75M-84V-90M protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID375200	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate TM infected in PHA-stimulated PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 52, Issue:13	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with pyrrolidinones and oxazolidinones as novel P1'-ligands to enhance backbone-binding interactions with protease: synthesis, biological evaluation, and protein-ligand X-ray studies.
AID588211	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in humans	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID28092	Cmax value in the period of 8 hr after dosing, when administered with ritonavir.	2000	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 43, Issue:3	Protease inhibitors: current status and future prospects.
AID519541	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A17 infected in human MT4 cells harboring protease L10F, V32I, M46I, I47V, Q58E, and I84V mutation derived from viral passages with Lopinavir assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infection meas	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID278953	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A1 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID372188	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID372185	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/53L/82T/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID575062	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring M46I, M46L, I54V, V82A and L76V mutations in viral protease assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID537769	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 clade B isolated from HIV-AIDS patient	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	Structure-based design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating phenyloxazolidinones.
AID572575	AUC in HIV-1 infected patient at 400 mg, po bid coadministered with 100 mg, po bid of ritonavir and NRTI	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Decrease of atazanavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in a boosted double human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor salvage regimen.
AID374605	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/46L/54V/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID375207	Ratio of EC50 for multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate G to EC50 for wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 52, Issue:13	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with pyrrolidinones and oxazolidinones as novel P1'-ligands to enhance backbone-binding interactions with protease: synthesis, biological evaluation, and protein-ligand X-ray studies.
AID279348	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 5512 with M36I/M and V82T mutation in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID416860	Increase in P-glycoprotein-mediated forward permeation of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in human Caco-2 cells at 2 uM	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID415250	Metabolic stability in human liver microsomes assessed as compound disappearance at 2 uM by LC/MS/MS analysis in presence of ritonavir	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-23, Volume: 52, Issue:8	2-Pyridyl P1'-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (A-792611 and A-790742) with potential for convenient dosing and reduced side effects.
AID541166	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring G140S mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID257273	Antiviral activity against Lopinavir resistant HIV A17 mutant strain	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 15, Issue:24	Synthesis and activity of N-acyl azacyclic urea HIV-1 protease inhibitors with high potency against multiple drug resistant viral strains.
AID278980	Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46M, 54I and I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID374615	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/47A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID328889	Effect on Rap1A isoprenylation in mouse fibroblast cells at 20 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID321682	Metabolic stability in human liver microsomes assessed as compound remaining at 5 uM by RP-HPLC	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID557292	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/L33F/M46I/I47V/Q58E/V82I/I84V/I85V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of GRL-02031 by E	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1717745	Antiviral activity against HCoV-229E harboring GFP infected in human Huh-7 cells treated 1 hr prior to viral infection by fluorometric analysis	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-25, Volume: 63, Issue:22	Chinese Therapeutic Strategy for Fighting COVID-19 and Potential Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
AID557284	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 gag protein production by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID566849	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 MDR/G infected in human PHA-PBM cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Design and synthesis of potent HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating hexahydrofuropyranol-derived high affinity P(2) ligands: structure-activity studies and biological evaluation.
AID328880	Toxicity in ICMT deficient mouse fibroblast cells assessed as accumulation of prelamin A at 20 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID278963	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A11 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID446197	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate TM infected in PHA-stimulated human PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein production	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID322114	Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/MM R5 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID321691	Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 6	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID658565	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 106-PR infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 4 days by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay	2012	Journal of natural products, Mar-23, Volume: 75, Issue:3	Library-based discovery and characterization of daphnane diterpenes as potent and selective HIV inhibitors in Daphne gnidium.
AID372183	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 37S/41K/70E mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1669454	Inhibition of HIV1 NL4-3 protease expressed in Escherichia coli TAP-106 cells using EDANS/DABCYL-labelled 10-amino acid containing protease cleavage site as substrate preincubated for 1 hr followed by substrate addition and measured for 60 mins by FRET as	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-13, Volume: 63, Issue:15	Structural Analysis of Potent Hybrid HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Bis-tetrahydrofuran in a Pseudosymmetric Dipeptide Isostere.
AID726415	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B clinical isolate harboring L10I/I13V/M46I/I50V/L63P/L76V protease mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors for a long-acting injectable drug application.
AID1219736	Drug metabolism in human liver microsomes assessed as CYP2D6-mediated GSH-conjugated hydroxylated DMP adduct formation adduct formation at 2 uM after after 30 mins by UPLC-TOFMS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID374600	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID372191	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/50V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID525290	Antigametocyte activity against Plasmodium falciparum D10 schizonts assessed as inhibition of parasite growth at 20 uM after 1 to 8 hrs	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	Antimalarial asexual stage-specific and gametocytocidal activities of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID668814	Selectivity index, ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate M3 expressing protease L10I, K20R, M36I, G48V, I62V, A71V, V82A, I93L mutant to EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B expressing wild-type protease	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-09, Volume: 2, Issue:6	Disubstituted Bis-THF Moieties as New P2 Ligands in Nonpeptidal HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.
AID586623	Antiviral activity against 8gpNS with amino acid 116 insertion removed HIV1 infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase assay	2011	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID369950	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human PBMC cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 5 days by Lenti-RT activity assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID553574	Antiviral activity against HIV1 ERS104pre infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID278972	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C5 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID557274	Antiviral activity against HIV1 B harboring L10I/I15V/E35D/N37E/K45R/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82T/L90M/I93L/C95F in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID519576	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clone1 infected in HEK293 cells harboring A-790742-selected protease I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral replication by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to wild type HIV1 pNL4-3	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID415246	Antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 pNL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells after 5 days by MTT assay in presence of 50% human serum	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-23, Volume: 52, Issue:8	2-Pyridyl P1'-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (A-792611 and A-790742) with potential for convenient dosing and reduced side effects.
AID106958	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against HIV-IIIB in MT-4 cells in presence of 50% human serum	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-22, Volume: 12, Issue:8	Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a novel series of HIV-1 protease inhibitors encompassing ABT-378 (Lopinavir).
AID564043	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate B containing protease L10I, K14R, L33I, M36I,M46I, F53I, K55R, I62V, L63P, A71V, G73S, V82A, L90M, and I93L mutant infected in human PHA-PBMC cells by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID322118	Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/G X4 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID564046	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate TM containing L10I, K14R, R41K, M46L, I54V, L63P, A71V, V82A, L90M, and I93L mutant infected in human PHA-PBMC cells by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID564039	Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/M46I/I50V/A71V/I84V/L90M mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 5 uM of amprenavir by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID1409309	Antiviral activity against lopinavir-resistant HIV1 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-08, Volume: 61, Issue:21	Design and Synthesis of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Bicyclic Oxazolidinone Scaffold as the P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies and Biological and X-ray Structural Studies.
AID374633	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID668811	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate M3 expressing protease L10I, K20R, M36I, G48V, I62V, A71V, V82A, I93L mutant infected in human MT4 cells	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-09, Volume: 2, Issue:6	Disubstituted Bis-THF Moieties as New P2 Ligands in Nonpeptidal HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.
AID321686	Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 1	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID1474092	Ratio of drug concentration at steady state in human at 400 to 800 mg, po QD used as formulation with ritonavir measured after 24 hrs to IC50 for human MRP4 overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID396259	Antiviral activity against HIV1 drug resistant mutant isolates from protease inhibitor treated HIV patient	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro antiviral activity of the novel, tyrosyl-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 protease inhibitor brecanavir (GW640385) in combination with other antiretrovirals and against a panel of protease inhibitor-resistant HIV.
AID537767	Antiviral activity against wild type Human immunodeficiency virus 1	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	Structure-based design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating phenyloxazolidinones.
AID1678482	Antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infected in Vero E6 cells preincubated for 1 hr followed by viral infection at MOI of 0.02 and measured after 48 hrs by qRT-PCR method	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-10, Volume: 11, Issue:12	Identification of 14 Known Drugs as Inhibitors of the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2.
AID374619	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 30N/33F/46L/54L/84V/88D mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID257272	Antiviral activity against indinavir resistant HIV IND-R mutant strain	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 15, Issue:24	Synthesis and activity of N-acyl azacyclic urea HIV-1 protease inhibitors with high potency against multiple drug resistant viral strains.
AID278970	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C3 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID519555	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 12 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10I, I13V, K20I, E35D, M36I, M46I, I50V, I54V, R57K, I62V, L63P, A71V, V82A, L89V, L90M, Q92K mutation derived fr	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID278979	Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46M, 54I and I84V mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID443165	Inhibition of HIV1 protease expressed in Escherichia coli by fluorometric assay	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-28, Volume: 53, Issue:2	HIV-1 protease inhibitors with a transition-state mimic comprising a tertiary alcohol: improved antiviral activity in cells.
AID566848	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 MDR/C infected in human PHA-PBM cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Design and synthesis of potent HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating hexahydrofuropyranol-derived high affinity P(2) ligands: structure-activity studies and biological evaluation.
AID575059	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring protease inhibitor resistance-associated mutations assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID278977	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C10 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID625397	Antimalarial activity against chloroquine resistant, mefloquine sensitive Plasmodium falciparum W2 infected in human erythrocytes by [3H]-hypoxanthine incorporation assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 46, Issue:11	Synthesis and antimalarial activity of thioetherhydroxyethylsulfonamides, potential aspartyl protease inhibitors, Part 3.
AID1065160	Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum DC6 plasmepsin-5 using DABCYL-GNKRTLAQKQG-EDANS as substrate measured every 15 mins of 75 mins by fluorescence assay	2014	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-09, Volume: 5, Issue:1	Evaluation of aminohydantoins as a novel class of antimalarial agents.
AID541133	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against NNRTI-resistant HIV1 harboring RTY181C mutant gene to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID582280	Cmax in HIV-infected patient at 400 mg/m2, po administered every 12 hrs for 2 weeks co-administered with ritonavir and NNRTI	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Pharmacokinetics of high-dose lopinavir-ritonavir with and without saquinavir or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric and adolescent patients previously treated with protease inhibitors.
AID415282	Antiviral activity against HIV1 bearing protease gene with B26 mutation infected in human MT4 cells after 5 days by MTT assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-23, Volume: 52, Issue:8	2-Pyridyl P1'-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (A-792611 and A-790742) with potential for convenient dosing and reduced side effects.
AID557283	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 G harboring L10I/V11I/T12E/I15V/L19I/R41K/M46L/L63P/A71T/V82A/L90M in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID1380927	Antiviral activity against APV resistant HIV1 harboring protease L10F/M46I/I50V/I85V mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10	Design and Synthesis of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Tricyclic Fused Ring Systems as Novel P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies, Biological and X-ray Structural Analysis.
AID532452	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 22 harboring Gag-capsid V215L, H219Q, I223V, N252S, P255A, L268M and A340G mutant gene and Protease L19I, E35D, M36I, S37N, L63P, V77I and I93L mutant gene infected in human MT-2 cells by X	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID160461	Inhibitory activity against HIV protease	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-04, Volume: 11, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activities of the major metabolites of the HIV protease inhibitor ABT-378 (Lopinavir).
AID442705	Antiviral activity against HIV1 pNL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 5 days by MTT assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Small-sized human immunodeficiency virus type-1 protease inhibitors containing allophenylnorstatine to explore the S2' pocket.
AID278960	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A8 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID557237	Ratio of drug level before intrapartum initiation to 30 days pre-last dose of HIV-infected Thai pregnant women serum at 400 mg, po bid in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID246193	Protease inhibitory activity against HIV-1 r13025 mutant strain was determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID1717747	Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero E6 cells incubated for 3 days by the MTS assay	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-25, Volume: 63, Issue:22	Chinese Therapeutic Strategy for Fighting COVID-19 and Potential Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
AID557241	Ratio of drug level in 4 hrs to 30 days post last dose of HIV-infected Thai pregnant women serum at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID698060	Selectivity index, ratio of Ki for HIV protease G48V mutant to Ki for HIV1 wild type protease	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-23, Volume: 55, Issue:4	Rational approaches to improving selectivity in drug design.
AID278968	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C1 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID726412	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B clinical isolate harboring L10I/I13V/M46I/I50V/L63P/L76V protease mutant to EC50 for wild type Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors for a long-acting injectable drug application.
AID532474	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 35 harboring Gag-capsid V159I, I223T, N252S, A326S/A, A340G and G357S mutant gene and protease I15V, G16E, E35D, S37N, L63H and I72V mutant gene infected in human MT-2 cells by XTT-assay re	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID1669455	Inhibition of HIV1 NL4-3 protease I84V mutant expressed in Escherichia coli TAP-106 cells using EDANS/DABCYL-labelled 10-amino acid containing protease cleavage site as substrate preincubated for 1 hr followed by substrate addition and measured for 60 min	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-13, Volume: 63, Issue:15	Structural Analysis of Potent Hybrid HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Bis-tetrahydrofuran in a Pseudosymmetric Dipeptide Isostere.
AID415247	Antiviral activity against HIV1 bearing protease gene with A17 mutation infected in human MT4 cells after 5 days by MTT assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-23, Volume: 52, Issue:8	2-Pyridyl P1'-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (A-792611 and A-790742) with potential for convenient dosing and reduced side effects.
AID564033	Selectivity ratio of CC50 for human MT2 cells to EC50 for HIV1 LAI infected human MT2 cells	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID396261	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 drug resistant mutant isolates from protease inhibitor treated HIV patient to EC50 for drug sensitive HIV1 NL4-3	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro antiviral activity of the novel, tyrosyl-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 protease inhibitor brecanavir (GW640385) in combination with other antiretrovirals and against a panel of protease inhibitor-resistant HIV.
AID1482922	Ratio of IC50 for amprenavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10F/V32I/L33F/M46L/I54M/A71V mutant infected in human MT4 cells to IC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4.3 infected in human MT4 cells	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID532470	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 10 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, I147L, V159I, V215L, G248A, I256V, T280V, R286K and N315H mutant gene and protease L10I, K20R, E35D, M36I, S37N, R41K, K45R, F53L, I54V, L63P, I64V, A71T, V82	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID374618	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/46I/84V/88D/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID572573	Cmin in HIV-1 infected patient at 400 mg, po bid coadministered with 100 mg, po bid of ritonavir and NRTI	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Decrease of atazanavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in a boosted double human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor salvage regimen.
AID353733	Cmax in po dosed Beagle dog at dose molar equivalent to 5 mg/kg LPV, po coadministered with RTV dosed as 5% dextrose containing solution	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Water-soluble prodrugs of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors lopinavir and ritonavir.
AID575064	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring M46I and L76V mutations in viral protease assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID1422659	Inhibition of ZMPSTE24 in human SW1990 cells assessed as increase in intracellular accumulation of prenylated prelamin A at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis relative to control	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 26, Issue:20	Molecular tools that block maturation of the nuclear lamin A and decelerate cancer cell migration.
AID525289	Antigametocyte activity against Plasmodium falciparum D10 trophozoites assessed as inhibition of parasite growth at 20 uM after 1 to 8 hrs	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	Antimalarial asexual stage-specific and gametocytocidal activities of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID519551	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 8 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10I, I13V, L33F, E34Q, R41K, M46I, I54V, K55R, R57K, Q58E, I62V, L63P, A71V, I72I/T, G73S, V82A, I84V, L90M mutati	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID1079933	Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID1725422	Antiviral activity against HIV1 DRVR P30 infected in human MT4 cells incubated for 7 days by fully automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2020	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-08, Volume: 11, Issue:10	Design, Synthesis, and X-ray Studies of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with P2-Carboxamide Functionalities.
AID557229	Drug level in HIV-infected Thai pregnant women serum before intrapartum initiation of 400 mg, po bid in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID249499	Toxicity value against wild type HIV-1 IIIB was determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID699541	Inhibition of human liver OATP2B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E3S uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID1482917	Ratio of IC50 for darunavir-resistant HIV1 derived from 30 passages harboring protease L10I/I15V/K20R/L24I/V32I/M36I/M46L/L63P/K70R/V82A/I84V/L89M mutant infected in human MT4 cells to IC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4.3 infected in human MT4 cells	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID590915	Inhibition of HIV1 subtype C protease expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 assessed as hydrolysis of substrate using chromogenic substrate Lys-Ala-Arg-Val-Nle-p-nitro-Phe-Glu-Ala-Nle-NH2 by spectrophotometric analysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 21, Issue:8	Pentacycloundecane-based inhibitors of wild-type C-South African HIV-protease.
AID525167	Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 infected in human erythrocytes assessed as potentiation of choloroquine-mediated antimalarial activity by light microscopy	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Synergy of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with chloroquine against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and Plasmodium chabaudi in vivo.
AID525171	Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium chabaudi ASCQ infected in NIH mice (Mus musculus) assessed as potentiation of 2.5 mg/kg chloroquine-mediated antimalarial activity at 100 mg/kg, perorally administered after 72 hrs post inocu	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Synergy of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with chloroquine against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and Plasmodium chabaudi in vivo.
AID374635	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/48V/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID586627	Antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring mutant protease with matrix A81T mutant infected in HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase assay	2011	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Three residues in HIV-1 matrix contribute to protease inhibitor susceptibility and replication capacity.
AID321687	Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 2	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID519574	Antiviral activity against HIV1 P21 infected in human MT4 cells derived from viral passages with A-790742 harboring protease L23I, L33F, K45I, A71A/V, V77I, V82L, and I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infecti	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID322099	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID372189	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID564030	Antiviral activity against HIV2 EHO infected in human MT2 cells by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID519537	Antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 pNL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infection measured 5 days post infection in absence of human serum by MTT assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID557220	Drug level in HIV-infected Thai pregnant women serum at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir measured 2 hrs post last dose	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID1079938	Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID322121	Antiviral activity against HIV1 BaL R5 subtype B in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID321689	Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 4	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID242869	Association rate constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10	Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID532459	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 36 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, A146P, S165N/S, E207D, V215L and E312D mutant gene and protease K14R/K, I15V, E35D, S37D, R57K/R and L63P mutant gene infected in human MT-2 cells by XTT-assa	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID618427	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells after 5 days by XTT assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9	Synthesis and structural studies of pentacycloundecane-based HIV-1 PR inhibitors: a hybrid 2D NMR and docking/QM/MM/MD approach.
AID374602	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 24I/33F/46I/54L/82A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID1474090	Ratio of drug concentration at steady state in human at 400 to 800 mg, po QD used as formulation with ritonavir measured after 24 hrs to IC50 for human BSEP overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID446203	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate TM to IC50 for wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID374616	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/88S mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID705597	Time dependent inhibition of CYP3A4-mediated testosterone-6-beta hydroxylation in human liver microsome	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 55, Issue:11	Mechanism-based inactivation (MBI) of cytochrome P450 enzymes: structure-activity relationships and discovery strategies to mitigate drug-drug interaction risks.
AID1482912	Antiviral activity against darunavir-resistant HIV1 derived from 20 passages harboring protease L10I/I15V/K20R/L24I/V32I/M36I/M46L/L63P/V82A/L89M mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemil	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID278981	Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46I, 54I and I84V mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID1422662	Antimigratory activity against human KP4 cells at 10 uM after 10 days by crystal violet staining-based assay	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 26, Issue:20	Molecular tools that block maturation of the nuclear lamin A and decelerate cancer cell migration.
AID547234	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 subtype C harboring protease L32I, M46I/M, L76V mutant gene and polymorphism at I36 position to EC50 for wild type HIV1 subtype C	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID683727	Antimalarial activity against liver stages of Plasmodium berghei 17XNL infected in human Hepa1-6 cells assessed as reduction in liver parasite load at 10 uM/L incubated for 1 hr prior to sporozoite inoculation measured after 46 to 48 hrs by fluorescence m	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-09, Volume: 55, Issue:3	Targeting the liver stage of malaria parasites: a yet unmet goal.
AID726417	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors for a long-acting injectable drug application.
AID622657	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A17 harboring protease L10F, V32I, M46I, I47V, Q58E and I84V mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cell death after 5 days by MTT assay relative to wild type HIV1 pNL4-3	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-27, Volume: 54, Issue:20	P1-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with potent antiviral activity against drug-resistant viruses.
AID321692	Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 7	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID1473738	Inhibition of human BSEP overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-taurocholate in presence of ATP measured after 15 to 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID572576	Half life in HIV-1 infected patient at 400 mg, po bid coadministered with 100 mg, po bid of ritonavir and NRTI	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Decrease of atazanavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in a boosted double human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor salvage regimen.
AID519795	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype B clinical isolate expressing 41D protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained before compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID343024	Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease A71V/V82T/I84V mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID541165	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring E138K mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID1079946	Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID1482920	Antiviral activity against indinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10F/L24I/M46I/I54V/L63P/A71V/G73S/V82T mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID1219722	Drug metabolism in human liver microsomes assessed as GSH-conjugated dihydroxylated lopinavir adduct formation at 30 uM preincubated for 5 mins prior NADPH addition measured after 50 mins by UPLC-TOFMS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID375206	Ratio of EC50 for multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate C to EC50 for wild type HIV1 isolate ERS104pre	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 52, Issue:13	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with pyrrolidinones and oxazolidinones as novel P1'-ligands to enhance backbone-binding interactions with protease: synthesis, biological evaluation, and protein-ligand X-ray studies.
AID369838	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect after 5 days by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID582279	AUC in HIV-infected patient at 400 mg/m2, po administered every 12 hrs for 2 weeks co-administered with ritonavir and NNRTI	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Pharmacokinetics of high-dose lopinavir-ritonavir with and without saquinavir or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric and adolescent patients previously treated with protease inhibitors.
AID557291	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L23I/K43I/M46I/I50L/G51A/A71V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 1 uM of atazanavir by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID519788	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 subtype A clinical isolate expressing 10I-40D-43I-70K-82F-84V-85L-89V-90M-91T/L-98N/K protease gene sequence from HIV2 infected patient plasma and PBMC obtained at T1 during compound treatment measured after 13 months	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	In vitro phenotypic susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 clinical isolates to protease inhibitors.
AID1079944	Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID509270	Inhibition of HIV1 protease assessed as substrate cleavage by cell free assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Antiviral efficacy of the novel compound BIT225 against HIV-1 release from human macrophages.
AID532476	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 23 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, V215L, E319D, A340G, G357S and V362I mutant gene and protease L10V, V11L, V32I, L33F, E34Q, E35D, M36L, S37T, M46I, I47V, G48V, I54M, I62V, L63P, I64V, I72V,	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID321688	Antiviral activity against HIV1 mutant strain 3	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID618426	Inhibition of HIV1 subtype C protease Q7K mutant expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS using Lys-Ala-Arg-Val-Nle-p-nitro-Phe-Glu-Ala-Nle-NH2 as substrate by spectrophotometry	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9	Synthesis and structural studies of pentacycloundecane-based HIV-1 PR inhibitors: a hybrid 2D NMR and docking/QM/MM/MD approach.
AID1474089	Drug concentration at steady state in human at 400 to 800 mg, po QD used as formulation with ritonavir measured after 24 hrs	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID1219723	Drug metabolism in human liver microsomes assessed as GSH-conjugated trihydroxylated/dehydrogenated lopinavir adduct formation at 30 uM preincubated for 5 mins prior NADPH addition measured after 50 mins by UPLC-TOFMS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID374621	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54L/82A/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID557285	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10I/G48V/I54V/L90M amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of saquinavir by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID519539	Antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 RF infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post infection measured 5 days post infection in absence of human serum by MTT assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID1380928	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against ATV resistant HIV1 harboring protease L23I/E34Q/K43I/M46I/I50L/G51A/L63P/A71V/V82A/T91A mutant infected in human MT4 cells to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 infected	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10	Design and Synthesis of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Tricyclic Fused Ring Systems as Novel P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies, Biological and X-ray Structural Analysis.
AID532656	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 2 harboring Gag-capsid A146P, S173A, V215L, H219P, E230D, N252S, R264K, L268M and A340G mutant gene and protease L10I, I15V, K20R, M36I, S37N, M46I, L63P, T80A, V82A, N83H, I84V, I85T and L	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID248545	Inhibitory concentration against wild type Human immuno deficiency virus (EP13) was determined in an MT-4 cell line	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 15, Issue:15	Novel P1 chain-extended HIV protease inhibitors possessing potent anti-HIV activity and remarkable inverse antiviral resistance profiles.
AID553578	Antiviral activity against HIV1 JSL harboring L10I/L24I/L33F/E35D/M36I/N37S/M46L/I54V/R57K/I62V/L63P/A71V/G73S/82A in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID263208	Antiviral activity against HIV1 EP13 in MT4 cells	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 16, Issue:7	Ultra-potent P1 modified arylsulfonamide HIV protease inhibitors: the discovery of GW0385.
AID537772	Antiviral activity against multidrug resistant Human immunodeficiency virus 1 MDRC4	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	Structure-based design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating phenyloxazolidinones.
AID392513	Antiviral activity against HIV1	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 17, Issue:2	Unified QSAR approach to antimicrobials. 4. Multi-target QSAR modeling and comparative multi-distance study of the giant components of antiviral drug-drug complex networks.
AID372187	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 54V/82A mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID278955	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A3 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID726414	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B clinical isolate harboring L10I/K20R/M36I/G48V/ I62V/A71V/V82A/I93L protease mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors for a long-acting injectable drug application.
AID557300	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/L33F/M46I/I47V/Q58E/V82I/I84V/I85V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID564041	Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L23I/E34Q/K43I/M46I/I50L/G51A/L63P/A71V/V82A/T91A mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 5 uM of atazanavir by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID541135	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against PI-resistant HIV1 harboring RTG48V, V82A and L90M mutant gene to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID106953	Antiviral activity against HIV in presence of 50% human serum in MT-4 cell was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-04, Volume: 11, Issue:11	Synthesis and antiviral activities of the major metabolites of the HIV protease inhibitor ABT-378 (Lopinavir).
AID564060	Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10I/L24I/M46I/V82I/I84V mutant infected in human MT4 cells selected after 50 passages of GRL-216 by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID1409307	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-08, Volume: 61, Issue:21	Design and Synthesis of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Bicyclic Oxazolidinone Scaffold as the P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies and Biological and X-ray Structural Studies.
AID322106	Antiviral activity against atazanavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID566852	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 MDR/JSL infected in human PHA-PBM cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Design and synthesis of potent HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating hexahydrofuropyranol-derived high affinity P(2) ligands: structure-activity studies and biological evaluation.
AID1717811	Toxicity in human infected with SARS-CoV2 assessed as adverse events at at 400 mg, po administered twice daily cotreated with 100 mg ritonavir and measured after 14 days	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-25, Volume: 63, Issue:22	Chinese Therapeutic Strategy for Fighting COVID-19 and Potential Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
AID321684	Metabolic stability in human liver microsomes assessed as compound remaining at 5 uM in presence of 2.5 uM ritonavir by RP-HPLC	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID278962	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A10 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID446194	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate B infected in PHA-stimulated human PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein production	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID415283	Antiviral activity against HIV1 bearing protease gene with P25 mutation infected in human MT4 cells after 5 days by MTT assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-23, Volume: 52, Issue:8	2-Pyridyl P1'-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (A-792611 and A-790742) with potential for convenient dosing and reduced side effects.
AID1717742	Antiviral actvity against SARS-CoV2 infected in human assessed as improvement rate of chest at 400 mg, po administered twice daily cotreated with 100 mg ritonavir and measured after 14 days by computed tomography	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-25, Volume: 63, Issue:22	Chinese Therapeutic Strategy for Fighting COVID-19 and Potential Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
AID1717743	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human Huh-7 cells to EC50 for HCoV-229E harboring GFP infected in human Huh-7 cells	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-25, Volume: 63, Issue:22	Chinese Therapeutic Strategy for Fighting COVID-19 and Potential Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
AID575061	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 harboring M46I, M46L, I54V, and V82A mutations in viral protease assessed as fold change in drug susceptibility relative to wild type	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Prevalence, mutation patterns, and effects on protease inhibitor susceptibility of the L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease.
AID572580	AUC in HIV-1 infected patient at 400 mg, po bid coadministered with 100 mg, po bid of ritonavir and 300 mg, po qd of atazanavir	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6	Decrease of atazanavir and lopinavir plasma concentrations in a boosted double human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor salvage regimen.
AID328890	Inhibition of farnesyl transferase	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID328885	Toxicity in human HeLa cells transfected with GFP-prelamin A construct assessed as accumulation of uncleaved protein at 20 uM by Western blot	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID557288	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/D30N/K45I/A71V/T74S amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of nelfinavir by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID541170	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring N155S mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID566846	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV-1 ERS104 pre infected in human PHA-PBM cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Design and synthesis of potent HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating hexahydrofuropyranol-derived high affinity P(2) ligands: structure-activity studies and biological evaluation.
AID705596	Inhibition of CYP3A4-mediated testosterone 6 beta hydroxylation in human liver microsome by Dixon plot analysis	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-14, Volume: 55, Issue:11	Mechanism-based inactivation (MBI) of cytochrome P450 enzymes: structure-activity relationships and discovery strategies to mitigate drug-drug interaction risks.
AID374636	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 48V/82A/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID374608	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33I/46I/84V/88D/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID375201	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate MM infected in PHA-stimulated PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 52, Issue:13	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with pyrrolidinones and oxazolidinones as novel P1'-ligands to enhance backbone-binding interactions with protease: synthesis, biological evaluation, and protein-ligand X-ray studies.
AID446199	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate JSL infected in PHA-stimulated human PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein production	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.
AID582281	Clearance in HIV-infected patient at 400 mg/m2, po administered every 12 hrs for 2 weeks co-administered with ritonavir and NNRTI	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Pharmacokinetics of high-dose lopinavir-ritonavir with and without saquinavir or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric and adolescent patients previously treated with protease inhibitors.
AID321678	Metabolic stability in rat liver microsomes assessed as compound remaining at 5 uM in presence of 2.5 uM ritonavir by RP-HPLC	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID279339	Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with V62A and L99F mutation in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID537765	Inhibition of wild type HIV1 protease by FRET	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	Structure-based design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating phenyloxazolidinones.
AID564044	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate C containing protease L10I, I15V, K20R, L24I, M36I, M46L, I54V, I62V, L63P, K70Q, V82A, and L89M mutant infected in human PHA-PBMC cells by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID1380924	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10	Design and Synthesis of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Tricyclic Fused Ring Systems as Novel P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies, Biological and X-ray Structural Analysis.
AID582275	Cmax in HIV-infected patient at 400 mg/m2, po administered every 12 hrs for 2 weeks co-administered with 120 mg/m2 of ritonavir	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Pharmacokinetics of high-dose lopinavir-ritonavir with and without saquinavir or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric and adolescent patients previously treated with protease inhibitors.
AID322123	Antiviral activity against HIV1 92TH019 R5 subtype E in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID668812	Selectivity index, ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate M1 expressing protease L10I, M46I, I64V, I84V, L90M, I93L mutant to EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B expressing wild-type protease	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-09, Volume: 2, Issue:6	Disubstituted Bis-THF Moieties as New P2 Ligands in Nonpeptidal HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.
AID622578	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 pNL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cell death after 5 days by MTT assay	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-27, Volume: 54, Issue:20	P1-substituted symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors with potent antiviral activity against drug-resistant viruses.
AID1593667	Prodrug conversion assessed as calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase-mediated compound dephosphorylation by measuring half life by UPLC-MS/MS analysis	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-11, Volume: 62, Issue:7	Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Phosphate and Amino Acid Ester Prodrugs for Improving the Oral Bioavailability of the HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor Atazanavir.
AID1079940	Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID519540	Antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 pNL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity after 5 days post dose by MTT assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID257269	Inhibitory activity against HIV1 protease at 0.5 uM	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 15, Issue:24	Synthesis and activity of N-acyl azacyclic urea HIV-1 protease inhibitors with high potency against multiple drug resistant viral strains.
AID239809	Equilibrium dissociation constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10	Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID1482916	Ratio of IC50 for darunavir-resistant HIV1 derived from 20 passages harboring protease L10I/I15V/K20R/L24I/V32I/M36I/M46L/L63P/V82A/L89M mutant infected in human MT4 cells to IC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4.3 infected in human MT4 cells	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID369955	Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 ROD with protease G17N mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV2 ROD	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID558376	Drug level in HIV-infected pregnant woman cord blood plasma at 400 mg, po BID by HPLC/UV analysis	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6	Genital tract, cord blood, and amniotic fluid exposures of seven antiretroviral drugs during and after pregnancy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women.
AID343023	Ratio of Ki for HIV1 recombinant protease M46I/A71V/V82T/I84V mutant to Ki for wild-type HIV1 BH10 protease	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID532468	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 3 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, A146P, I147L, V159I, S176A, V215L, H219Q/H, T242N, G248A, T280V, A340G and G357S mutant gene and protease L10I, T31S/T, V32I, M36I/M, S37C, R41K, M46I, F53L, I	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID537770	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 clade C isolated from HIV-AIDS patient	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-11, Volume: 53, Issue:21	Structure-based design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating phenyloxazolidinones.
AID541174	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring E92V, G140S and V151A mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID525485	Antigametocyte activity against drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 schizonts assessed as inhibition of parasite growth at 20 uM after 1 to 8 hrs	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	Antimalarial asexual stage-specific and gametocytocidal activities of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID519547	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 4 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease N37T, M46I, Q58E, I64V, T74K, V77I, V82F, L90M mutation derived from viral passages with Lopinavir assessed as redu	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID1380925	Antiviral activity against ATV resistant HIV1 harboring protease L23I/E34Q/K43I/M46I/I50L/G51A/L63P/A71V/V82A/T91A mutant infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10	Design and Synthesis of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Tricyclic Fused Ring Systems as Novel P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies, Biological and X-ray Structural Analysis.
AID374606	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/82T/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID322104	Antiviral activity against idinavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID532472	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 33 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, V215L, V218P, H219Q, I223V, M228I, G248T, N252S, N253T, I256M, E312D and A326S mutant gene and protease T12S/T, I13V/I, I15V, L19I, S37T, L63V/A/P/L and I72V/	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID557233	Drug level in HIV-infected Thai pregnant women serum at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum administered for 30 days in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir measured 4 hrs post last dose	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID557281	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 B harboring L10I/I15V/E35D/N37E/K45R/I54V/L63P/A71V/V82T/L90M/I93L/C95F in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 ERS104pre	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID278957	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A5 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID369961	Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 MS infected in human MT4 cells after 1 passage to EC50 for HIV2 MS infected in human MT4 cells	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID328879	Toxicity in RCE1 deficient mouse fibroblast cells assessed as accumulation of prelamin A at 20 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID369945	Ratio of EC50 for HIV2 CBL-23 infected in human PBMC to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID417047	Inhibition of esterase mediated-hydrolysis of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in human intestinal sub cellular fraction S9 at 2 uM after 30 mins	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID274382	Inhibition of HIV1 protease L10I/L63P/A71V/G73S/I84V/L90M mutant	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 49, Issue:25	Discovery of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with picomolar affinities incorporating N-aryl-oxazolidinone-5-carboxamides as novel P2 ligands.
AID321683	Metabolic stability in human liver microsomes assessed as compound remaining at 5 uM in presence of 0.5 uM ritonavir by RP-HPLC	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID541169	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring N155H mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID557296	Ratio of EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3 harboring L10F/D30N/K45I/A71V/T74S amino acid substitution in protease encoding region to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID374632	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/54V/73C/84V/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID278983	Resistance to HIV1 with protease 46I/L, 54I and I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to similar background	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID322113	Antiviral activity against HIV1 MDR/TM X4 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID442714	Fold resistance, ratio of EC50 for indinavir-resistant HIV1 harboring L10R/M46I/L63P/V82T/I84V mutant protease infected in human MT4 cells to EC50 for HIV1 pNL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23	Small-sized human immunodeficiency virus type-1 protease inhibitors containing allophenylnorstatine to explore the S2' pocket.
AID1482924	Ratio of IC50 for indinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10F/L24I/M46I/I54V/L63P/A71V/G73S/V82T mutant infected in human MT4 cells to IC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4.3 infected in human MT4 cells	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID375203	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate G infected in PHA-stimulated PBMC assessed as inhibition of p24 gap protein	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-09, Volume: 52, Issue:13	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors with pyrrolidinones and oxazolidinones as novel P1'-ligands to enhance backbone-binding interactions with protease: synthesis, biological evaluation, and protein-ligand X-ray studies.
AID557222	Drug level in HIV-infected Thai pregnant women serum at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir measured 12 hrs post last dose	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID698062	Binding affinity to wild type HIV1 protease	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-23, Volume: 55, Issue:4	Rational approaches to improving selectivity in drug design.
AID322107	Antiviral activity against lopinavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID374614	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for non-B type HIV1 with protease 46I/47V/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID532477	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 24 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, V159I, V215L, I223A, T239S, N252S, T280V, R286K, S310T and V362I mutant gene and protease L10V, I13V, I15V, K20R, D30N, V32I, L33F, E35D, M36I, S37N, K43T, M4	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID263207	Antiviral activity against HIV1 HXB2 in MT4 cells	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 16, Issue:7	Ultra-potent P1 modified arylsulfonamide HIV protease inhibitors: the discovery of GW0385.
AID1409311	Antiviral activity against darunavir-resistant HIV1 at passage 21 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-08, Volume: 61, Issue:21	Design and Synthesis of Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Bicyclic Oxazolidinone Scaffold as the P2 Ligands: Structure-Activity Studies and Biological and X-ray Structural Studies.
AID374594	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human MT4 cells to EC50 for HIV1 NL4-3	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID557217	Cmax in HIV-infected Thai pregnant women at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir measured within 72 hrs postpartum	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID726419	Antiviral activity against wild type Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors for a long-acting injectable drug application.
AID242932	Dissociation rate constant for the interaction between the compound and serum albumin	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-19, Volume: 48, Issue:10	Early absorption and distribution analysis of antitumor and anti-AIDS drugs: lipid membrane and plasma protein interactions.
AID369948	Antiviral activity against HIV2 MS infected in human PBMC cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 5 days by Lenti-RT activity assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID541129	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against NRTI-resistant HIV1 harboring RTK65R mutant gene to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID541161	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring T66I mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID328895	Effect on change in ZMPSTE24 protein level in mouse fibroblasts at 20 uM after 10 days by Western blot	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID1219725	Drug metabolism in human liver microsomes assessed as lopinavir semicarbazide adduct formation at 30 uM preincubated for 5 mins prior NADPH addition measured after 50 mins by UPLC-TOFMS analysis	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1	CYP3A4-mediated lopinavir bioactivation and its inhibition by ritonavir.
AID582274	AUC in HIV-infected patient at 400 mg/m2, po administered every 12 hrs for 2 weeks co-administered with 120 mg/m2 of ritonavir	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Pharmacokinetics of high-dose lopinavir-ritonavir with and without saquinavir or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric and adolescent patients previously treated with protease inhibitors.
AID519644	Antiviral activity against HIV1 isolate 6 infected in human MT4 cells obtained from protease inhibitor-resistant patient harboring protease L10I, L24I, M46I, I54V, K55R, Q58E, L63P, I64V, A71V, V82A, T91A mutation derived from viral passages with Lopinavi	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID278978	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C11 isolate with protease I84C mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID1482911	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in p24 Gag protein production after 7 days by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID246965	Effective dose of compound required to inhibit replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in MT-4 cells	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 47, Issue:24	Improved structure-activity relationship analysis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors using interaction kinetic data.
AID553570	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells by MTT assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID541171	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring L74M and E92V mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID321661	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 16, Issue:3	Structure-activity relationships of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing the 3-amino-2-chlorobenzoyl-allophenylnorstatine structure.
AID1307690	Binding affinity to HIV1 protease	2016	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-12, Volume: 59, Issue:9	OpenGrowth: An Automated and Rational Algorithm for Finding New Protein Ligands.
AID1079948	Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID279337	Antiviral activity against HIV2 isolate CBL20, CBL23, MVP15132 with 182L mutation in CBMCs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Natural polymorphisms in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 protease can accelerate time to development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
AID322120	Antiviral activity against HIV1 92UG037 subtype A R5 in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID322109	Antiviral activity against HIV1 GRL98065p20 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID557289	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 harboring M46I/V82F/I84V amino acid substitution in protease encoding region infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production selected at 5 uM of ritonavir by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID369949	Antiviral activity against HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 5 days by Lenti-RT activity assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir.
AID263209	Antiviral activity against HIV D545701 in MT4 cells	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 16, Issue:7	Ultra-potent P1 modified arylsulfonamide HIV protease inhibitors: the discovery of GW0385.
AID564036	Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 infected in human MT4 cells by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID582277	Plasma concentration in HIV-infected patient at 400 mg/m2, po administered every 12 hrs for 2 weeks co-administered with 120 mg/m2 of ritonavir measured 12 hrs after last dose	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Pharmacokinetics of high-dose lopinavir-ritonavir with and without saquinavir or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric and adolescent patients previously treated with protease inhibitors.
AID1482907	Ratio of IC50 for saquinavir-resistant HIV1 NL4-3 harboring protease L10I/N37D/G48V/I54V/L63P/G73C/I84V/L90M mutant infected in human MT4 cells to IC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4.3 infected in human MT4 cells	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-25, Volume: 60, Issue:10	Design and Development of Highly Potent HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with a Crown-Like Oxotricyclic Core as the P2-Ligand To Combat Multidrug-Resistant HIV Variants.
AID374617	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 33F/54L/88S/90M mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID374637	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46L/48V/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID246225	Protease inhibitory activity against HIV-1 GSS004421 mutant strain was determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID525486	Antigametocyte activity against drug-resistant ring stage Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 assessed as inhibition of parasite growth at 20 uM after 1 to 8 hrs	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	Antimalarial asexual stage-specific and gametocytocidal activities of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID726418	Antiviral activity against wild type Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication in presence of 50% human plasma	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors for a long-acting injectable drug application.
AID372192	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/50V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID278954	Antiviral activity against HIV1 A2 isolate with protease I84A mutation in HEK 293 cells relative to wild type	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2	Identification and structural characterization of I84C and I84A mutations that are associated with high-level resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and impair viral replication.
AID343021	Inhibition of HIV1 recombinant protease L10F/L19I/K20R/L33F/E35D/M36I/R41K/F53L/I54V/L63P/H69K/A71V/T74P/I84V/L89M/L90M/I93L mutant expressed in Escherichia coli by spectrophotometric assay	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-14, Volume: 51, Issue:15	Inorganic polyhedral metallacarborane inhibitors of HIV protease: a new approach to overcoming antiviral resistance.
AID239819	Association rate constant for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-18, Volume: 47, Issue:24	Improved structure-activity relationship analysis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors using interaction kinetic data.
AID519543	Antiviral activity against HIV1 P25 infected in human MT4 cells harboring protease L10F, G16E, V32I, M46I, I47A, H69Y, I84V, and T91S mutation derived from viral passages with Lopinavir assessed as reduction in viral cytopathogenicity treated 1 hr post in	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID416867	Effect on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate metabolism in ritonavir booster drug treated HIV infected patient assessed as change in plasma AUC of tenofovir at 400 mg, po, BID co-administered with 300 mg once daily dose of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID532456	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 21 harboring Gag-capsid I138L, A146P, I147L/I, V159I/V, E211D, V215L, N252H/N, R286K/R and K331R/K mutant gene and protease E35D, M36I, S37N, I62V and L63C mutant gene infected in human MT-	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID532658	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate 29 harboring Gag-capsid I138M, A146P, R286K, T303V and A326S mutant gene and protease L10F, I13V, V32I, M36L, S37N, L38W, P39Q, M46I, I47V, I50V, I62V, L63P, A71I, I72V and V82A mutant gene	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6	Phenotypic susceptibility to bevirimat in isolates from HIV-1-infected patients without prior exposure to bevirimat.
AID541162	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against HIV1 harboring L74M mutation in catalytic core domain of integrase to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID564045	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate G containing L10I, V11I, T12E, I15V, L19I,R41K, M46L, L63P, A71T, V82A, and L90M mutant infected in human PHA-PBMC cells by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID576612	Inhibition of human ERG	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Predicting hERG activities of compounds from their 3D structures: development and evaluation of a global descriptors based QSAR model.
AID557219	Tmax in HIV-infected Thai pregnant women at 400 mg, po bid initiated intrapartum in combination with 100 mg, po bid ritonavir measured within 72 hrs postpartum	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Early postpartum pharmacokinetics of lopinavir initiated intrapartum in Thai women.
AID588981	Inhibitors of transporters of clinical importance in the absorption and disposition of drugs, OATP1B1	2010	Nature reviews. Drug discovery, Mar, Volume: 9, Issue:3	Membrane transporters in drug development.
AID322108	Antiviral activity against amprenavir-resistant HIV1 in MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID246195	Protease inhibitory activity against HIV-1 r13363 mutant strain was determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID1079936	Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID1474088	AUC in human at 400 to 800 mg, po QD used as formulation with ritonavir measured after 24 hrs	2013	Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1	A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID553575	Antiviral activity against HIV1 MOKW infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID668813	Selectivity index, ratio of EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolate M2 expressing protease L10I, I13V, M46I, I50V, L63P, L76V mutant to EC50 for Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B expressing wild-type protease	2011	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-09, Volume: 2, Issue:6	Disubstituted Bis-THF Moieties as New P2 Ligands in Nonpeptidal HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.
AID553568	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human MT2 cells to EC50 for HIV1 LAI	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID541134	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for antiviral activity against PI-resistant HIV1 harboring RTI84V, L90M mutant gene to EC50 for antiviral activity against wild-type HIV1 3B	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Preclinical evaluation of GS-9160, a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.
AID1079943	Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID564062	Antiviral activity against HIV1 expressing protease L10F/M46L/I50V/A71Vmutant infected in human MT4 cells selected at 1 uM of GRL-286 by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID1350504	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells after 5 days by MTT assay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12	Identification of Highly Potent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Protease Inhibitors against Lopinavir and Darunavir Resistant Viruses from Allophenylnorstatine-Based Peptidomimetics with P2 Tetrahydrofuranylglycine.
AID525280	Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum D10 after 48 hrs	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	Antimalarial asexual stage-specific and gametocytocidal activities of HIV protease inhibitors.
AID1717744	Cytotoxicity against human Huh-7 cells incubated for 1 hr by MTS assay	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-25, Volume: 63, Issue:22	Chinese Therapeutic Strategy for Fighting COVID-19 and Potential Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
AID374631	Resistance index, ratio of EC50 for HIV1 with protease 46I/54V/82A/84V mutation to EC50 for wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	In vitro antiviral activity and cross-resistance profile of PL-100, a novel protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
AID246160	Protease inhibitory activity against wild type HIV-1 IIIB was determined	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 48, Issue:6	Design of HIV-1 protease inhibitors active on multidrug-resistant virus.
AID1422657	Inhibition of ZMPSTE24 in human HPAF2 cells assessed as increase in intracellular accumulation of prenylated prelamin A at 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis relative to control	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 26, Issue:20	Molecular tools that block maturation of the nuclear lamin A and decelerate cancer cell migration.
AID547240	Selectivity ratio of EC50 for HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG harboring protease M46, I47A, I84V mutant gene and polymorphism at I36 position to EC50 for wild type HIV1 subtype CRF02_AG	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID519578	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clone3 infected in HEK293 cells harboring A-790742-selected protease L33F, K45I, V82L, and I84V mutation assessed as reduction in viral replication by luciferase reporter gene assay relative to wild type HIV1 pNL4-3	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, A-790742.
AID546999	Antiviral activity against HIV1 subtype C harboring protease L32I, M46I/M, L76V mutant gene and polymorphism at I36 position infected in human cord blood mononuclear cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gen	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.
AID416857	Decrease in P-glycoprotein-mediated tenofovir disoproxil fumarate efflux in MDCK2 expressing human MDR1 cells at 20 uM	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Effects of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in vitro.
AID557275	Antiviral activity against HIV1 C harboring L10I/I15V/K20R/L24I/M36I/M46L/I54V/I62V/L63P/K70Q/V82A/L89M in protease encoding region infected in human PHA-PBC assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein production by ELISA	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
AID328876	Toxicity in human AG08470 cells assessed as accumulation of prelamin A at 20 uM after 10 days by Western blot	2007	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Aug-14, Volume: 104, Issue:33	HIV protease inhibitors block the zinc metalloproteinase ZMPSTE24 and lead to an accumulation of prelamin A in cells.
AID564047	Antiviral activity against multidrug-resistant HIV1 isolate MM containing L10I, K43T, M46L, I54V, L63P, A71V, V82A, L90M, and Q92K mutant infected in human PHA-PBMC cells by MTT assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8	Novel protease inhibitors (PIs) containing macrocyclic components and 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants in vitro.
AID322119	Antiviral activity against HIV1 92UG029 X4 subtype A in phytohemagglutininin-activated PBMCs assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	A novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI), GRL-98065, is potent against multiple-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347425	Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1508629	Cell Viability qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1508628	Confirmatory qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347407	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347424	RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1508627	Counterscreen qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: GLuc-NoTag assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID977608	Experimentally measured binding affinity data (IC50) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB	2013	Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Jul-26, Volume: 437, Issue:2	Crystallographic study of multi-drug resistant HIV-1 protease lopinavir complex: mechanism of drug recognition and resistance.
AID504749	qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation	2011	Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043	Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID1804127	No assay is provided from Article 10.1002/med.21724: \\The recent outbreaks of human coronaviruses: A medicinal chemistry perspective.\\	2021	Medicinal research reviews, 01, Volume: 41, Issue:1	The recent outbreaks of human coronaviruses: A medicinal chemistry perspective.
AID1804171	DRC analysis by immunofluorescence from Article 10.1128/AAC.00819-20: \\Identification of Antiviral Drug Candidates against SARS-CoV-2 from FDA-Approved Drugs.\\	2020	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 06-23, Volume: 64, Issue:7	Identification of Antiviral Drug Candidates against SARS-CoV-2 from FDA-Approved Drugs.
AID1805801	Various Assay from Article 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00409: \\Perspectives on SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors.\\	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-09, Volume: 64, Issue:23	Perspectives on SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors.
AID977610	Experimentally measured binding affinity data (Ki) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 10, Issue:8	X-ray crystallographic structure of ABT-378 (lopinavir) bound to HIV-1 protease.
AID1811	Experimentally measured binding affinity data derived from PDB	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 10, Issue:8	X-ray crystallographic structure of ABT-378 (lopinavir) bound to HIV-1 protease.
AID1811	Experimentally measured binding affinity data derived from PDB	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-06, Volume: 50, Issue:18	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating oxazolidinones as P2/P2' ligands in pseudosymmetric dipeptide isosteres.
AID977610	Experimentally measured binding affinity data (Ki) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-06, Volume: 50, Issue:18	Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating oxazolidinones as P2/P2' ligands in pseudosymmetric dipeptide isosteres.
AID977611	Experimentally measured binding affinity data (Kd) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB	2007	Journal of virology, May, Volume: 81, Issue:10	Unique thermodynamic response of tipranavir to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease drug resistance mutations.
AID1811	Experimentally measured binding affinity data derived from PDB	2007	Journal of virology, May, Volume: 81, Issue:10	Unique thermodynamic response of tipranavir to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease drug resistance mutations.
AID977610	Experimentally measured binding affinity data (Ki) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB	2008	Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society, Sep, Volume: 17, Issue:9	Enzymatic and structural analysis of the I47A mutation contributing to the reduced susceptibility to HIV protease inhibitor lopinavir.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	19 (0.84)	18.2507
2000's	771 (34.08)	29.6817
2010's	840 (37.14)	24.3611
2020's	632 (27.94)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	499 (20.94%)	5.53%
Reviews	213 (8.94%)	6.00%
Case Studies	198 (8.31%)	4.05%
Observational	62 (2.60%)	0.25%
Other	1,411 (59.21%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (281)

Trial Overview

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Pharmacokinetics of Pediatric Aluvia® (Lopinavir /Ritonavir 100/25 mg) and Generic Lopinavir/Ritonavir Tablet Formulation (200/50 mg) in Clinically and Virologically Stable HIV-1 Infected Thai Adults [NCT01159275]	Phase 1/Phase 2	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-07-31	Completed
Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between an Herbal Medicine (African Potato) and Antiretroviral Agents (Lopinavir/Ritonavir) [NCT01227590]	Phase 1	18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-02-28	Completed
Phase II, Parallel, Randomized, Clinical Trials Comparing the Responses to Initiation of NNRTI-Based Versus PI-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV Infected Infants Who Have and Have Not Previously Received Single Dose Nevirapine for Prevention of Mother-t [NCT00307151]	Phase 2	452 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-12-31	Completed
Maternal Tenofovir-containing Combination Drug Regimen During the Second and Third Trimesters of Pregnancy for Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV and HBV in HIV-HBV Co-infected Mothers [NCT01125696]	Phase 2	45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-05-31	Completed
The Influence of Ritonavir, Alone and in Combination With Lopinavir, on Fenofibric Acid Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Volunteers [NCT01148004]	Phase 1	25 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-05-13	Completed
Phase 2 Comparison of Low-Dose Naltrexone vs ARV Effectiveness in HIV+ Progression [NCT01174914]	Phase 2	171 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-03-31	Completed
Optimal Combination Therapy After Nevirapine Exposure [NCT00089505]	Phase 3	745 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-11-30	Completed
A Multicenter Phase III Trial of Second-line Antiretroviral Treatment Strategies in African Adults (Tanzania Ans South Africa) Using Atazanavir or Lopinavir/Ritonavir [NCT01255371]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to drug procurement issues)
A Randomized Controlled Study Compares the 48 Weeks Results of HIV-1 RNA Between Ritonavir-boosted Lopinavir Monotherapy and Ritonavir-boosted Lopinavir + Optimized Background Regimens in HIV-1 Infected Patients Who Have HIV-1 RNA <50 Copies/ml More Than [NCT01189695]	Phase 4	63 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-12-31	Completed
Comparative LUSZ Therapeutic Study of Antiviral, Antiretroviral, and Immunosuppressive Treatments in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients With High-Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Disease Progression. [NCT05925140]	Phase 1	1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-03-28	Recruiting
Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [NCT04381936]	Phase 2/Phase 3	50,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-03-19	Recruiting
The Effect of Kaletra on CD4 Immune Reconstitution in HIV-infected Patients With Long-term Virologic Suppression on a Non-Kaletra Containing ART Regimen, But With a Blunted Immune Response [NCT00344487]		3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-12-31	Terminated(stopped due to Inability to enroll subjects.)
Randomized Trial of a Switch to a Kaletra + Current Dual Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) Backbone Versus Continuation of the Current Regimen in Patients With Poor Immune Responses to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in Patien [NCT00145795]	Phase 4	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-04-30	Completed
"Safeguard the Household - A Study of HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Treatment Strategies Appropriate for a Resource Poor Country" [NCT00255840]		812 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-07-31	Completed
Metabolic Effects of Switching Kaletra to Boosted Reyataz [NCT00413153]		15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-05-31	Completed
Maintaining Options for Mothers Study (MOMS): A Phase II Randomized Comparison of Three Antiretroviral Strategies Administered for 7 or 21 Days to Reduce the Emergence of Nevirapine Resistant HIV-1 Following a Single Intrapartum Dose of Nevirapine [NCT00099632]	Phase 2	484 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-03-31	Completed
Use of an Aluvia Based Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Regimen in the Prevention of Mother to Child HIV Transmission (PMTCT) Antepartum, Intrapartum and Postpartum in Africa [NCT01088516]	Phase 4	280 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-12-31	Completed
An Evaluation of the Uptake and Safety of, and Adherence to Antiretroviral Treatment Among Individuals With CD4 ≥ 250 Cells/mm3 and HIV Virus Load ≥ 50,000 cp/mL [NCT01583439]		11 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-09-30	Terminated(stopped due to Low Accrual.)
Changes in Insulin Resistance in Healthy Volunteers on STRIBILD® Medication - A Controlled, Mono Center, Three-arm, Randomized Phase I Study. [NCT02203461]	Phase 1	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Completed
PI or NNRTI as First-line Treatment of HIV in a West African Population With Low Adherence - the PIONA Trial [NCT01192035]	Phase 4	400 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-05-31	Completed
Multicenter Study of Options for Second-Line Effective Combination Therapy (SELECT) [NCT01352715]	Phase 3	515 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-13	Completed
Combination Therapies to Reduce the Nasopharyngeal Carriage of SARS-CoV-2 and Improve the Outcome of COVID-19 Infection in Ivory Coast (INTENSE-COV): a Phase IIb Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT04466241]	Phase 2/Phase 3	294 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-11-27	Recruiting
Phase II Study of the Pharmacokinetics of Nevirapine and the Incidence of Nevirapine Resistance Mutations in HIV-Infected Women Receiving a Single Intrapartum Dose of Nevirapine With the Concomitant Administration of Zidovudine/Didanosine or Zidovudine/Di [NCT00109590]	Phase 2	175 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-06-30	Completed
A Phase III, Randomized, Open-Label Trial to Evaluate Strategies for Providing Antiretroviral Therapy to Infants Shortly After Primary Infection in a Resource Poor Setting [NCT00102960]	Phase 3	377 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-07-31	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Darunavir/Cobicistat vs. Lopinavir/Ritonavir in the Management of Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia in Qatar [NCT04425382]		400 participants (Actual)	Observational	2020-03-01	Completed
Multi-centre, Adaptive, Randomized Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Treatments of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Adults [NCT04315948]	Phase 3	1,552 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-03-22	Completed
HIV Infection and Gut Mucosal Immune Function: Longitudinal Analyses of Intestinal CD4+ and Th17 T Cells in HIV-infected Individuals on Short-term Antiretroviral Therapy [NCT02097381]		10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-04-30	Active, not recruiting
Implementation and Evaluation of an HIV-2 Viral Load and ARV Resistance Informed Algorithm for 2nd-line ART in HIV-2 Infected Patients in the Initiative Sénégalaise d'Accès Aux Antirétroviraux (ISAARV) Program [NCT03394196]		152 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-07-04	Terminated(stopped due to COVID-19 and Funding)
A Phase 3, Randomized, Open Label, Controlled Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Lamivudine Versus Standard Therapy in Naïve HIV-1 Infected Subjects. [NCT01237444]	Phase 3	417 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-12-31	Completed
The SETPOINT Study - A Randomized Study of the Effect of Immediate Treatment With Potent Antiretroviral Therapy Versus Observation With Treatment as Indicated in Newly Infected HIV-1 Infected Subjects: Does Early Therapy After the Virologic Setpoint? [NCT00090779]	Phase 2	130 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to The DSMB concluded that the findings regarding the primary analysis would persist and that no additional study goals would be achieved by continuing the study.)
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antiretroviral and Related Drugs During Pregnancy and Postpartum [NCT00042289]		1,578 participants (Actual)	Observational	2003-06-09	Completed
Exploratory, Cross-sectional Study to Compare the Virologic Efficacy in Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) and Neurocognitive State in Patients Infected by HIV-1 Long-term Treatment (> 3 Years) With Lopinavir / Ritonavir Monotherapy [NCT01116817]	Phase 4	35 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-08-31	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Low- Dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir Tablet Formulation HIV-1 Infected Children [NCT01139905]	Phase 2	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-04-30	Completed
A Phase IIa Randomized, Controlled Study of Combination Therapies to Treat COVID-19 Infection [NCT04459702]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-07-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Was never started)
COVID-19 Ring-based Prevention Trial With Lopinavir/Ritonavir [NCT04321174]	Phase 3	123 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-17	Active, not recruiting
A Randomized Prospective Open Label Study of Switching to Raltegravir Based ART Compared to Maintaining Ritonavir Boosted PI-based ART on Liver Fibrosis Progression in HIV-HCV Coinfected Patients [NCT01231685]	Phase 2	9 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-12-31	Completed
A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Versus Placebo in COVID-19 Positive Patients With Cancer and Immune Suppression in the Last Year [NCT04455958]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-05-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to limited resources)
Ensayo clínico, Abierto, Aleatorizado Para Comparar la Calidad de Vida de Los Pacientes VIH+ Que Inician Monoterapia Con Comprimidos de LPV/r vs Triple Terapia Que Contenga un IP Potenciado [NCT01166477]	Phase 4	228 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-01-31	Completed
the Investigation Into Beneficial Effects of High-dose Interferon Beta 1-a, Compared to Low-dose Interferon Beta 1-a in Moderate to Severe Covid-19 [NCT04521400]	Phase 2	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-20	Not yet recruiting
Phase II Trial of Ritonavir/Lopinavir in Patients With Progressive of Recurrent High-Grade Gliomas [NCT01095094]	Phase 2	19 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to Study did not meet its primary objective)
Multicenter Clinical Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Xiyanping Injection in the Treatment of New Coronavirus Infection Pneumonia (General and Severe) [NCT04295551]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-03-14	Not yet recruiting
Protease Inhibitors to Reduce Malaria Morbidity in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women [NCT00993031]	Phase 3	389 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-12-15	Completed
Atazanavir (BMS-232632) for HIV Infected Individuals Completing Atazanavir Clinical Trials: An Extended Access Study [NCT01003990]	Phase 3	710 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-10-31	Completed
A Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy of Infant Peri-exposure Prophylaxis With Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r) Versus Lamivudine to Prevent HIV-1 Transmission by Breastfeeding [NCT00640263]	Phase 3	1,500 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-12-31	Completed
A Randomized Open Label Trial of HIV Protease Inhibitors for the Prevention of Malaria in HIV-Infected Children [NCT00978068]	Phase 3	176 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Rifabutin Combined With Antiretroviral Therapy in the Treatment of Tuberculosis Patient With HIV Infection in South Africa: A Phase II Trial [NCT00640887]	Phase 2	48 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-02-28	Completed
A Randomised, Open Label Switch Study Comparing Darunavir/Ritonavir 400mg/100mg Daily With Lopinavir/Ritonavir 800mg/200mg Daily, in HIV-positive Participants [NCT02671383]	Phase 3	300 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Completed
Phase IV, Non Randomized Study in ARV Experienced Patients Under Switch Therapy With Kaletra [NCT00648999]	Phase 4	207 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-11-30	Completed
A Pilot Study Of the Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on Kaposi's Sarcoma in Zimbabwe [NCT00834457]	Phase 2/Phase 3	49 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-06-30	Completed
A Randomized, Open-label Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Early Initiation of cART With or Without Autologous HIV-1 Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) Infusion in Treatment-Naïve Acute HIV-1 Infected Adults [NCT02231281]	Phase 3	65 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-08-31	Active, not recruiting
A Randomized, Non-comparative, Phase IIb, Unblinded Trial, Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir-emtricitabine or Lamivudine Plus Zidovudine, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, or Raltegravir, Among ARV-naïve HIV-2 Infected Adult Patients, in West Africa [NCT02150993]	Phase 2/Phase 3	210 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-26	Completed
Trial of Early Therapies During Non-hospitalized Outpatient Window (TREAT NOW) for COVID-19 [NCT04372628]	Phase 2	452 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-01	Completed
Evaluation of the Capacity of a Weekly Strategy of 4 Consecutive Days on Treatment Followed by 3 Days Off Treatment, in HIV-1 Infected Patients With Undetectable Viral Load for at Least 12 Months, to Maintain a Virological Success With This Intermittent M [NCT02157311]	Phase 3	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Completed
Lopinavir/Ritonavir as an Immunomodulator to Enhance Vaccine Responsiveness [NCT01165645]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-11-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to no patients enrolled)
An Adaptive, Multicenter, Randomized, Open-label, Comparative Clinical Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Favipiravir in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 [NCT04434248]	Phase 2/Phase 3	330 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-23	Active, not recruiting
A 48-week, Randomized, Open-label, 2-arm Study to Compare the Efficacy of Saquinavir/Ritonavir Twice Daily (BID) Plus Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Once Daily (QD) Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir BID Plus Emtricitabine/Tenofovir QD in Treatment-naïve Human Immunodef [NCT00105079]	Phase 3	337 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-04-30	Completed
ProSpective, MultI-Center, Observational PrograM to Assess the Effectiveness of Dual TheraPy (Lopinavir/Ritonavir + LamivudinE) in Treatment-Experienced HIV Infected Patients in the Routine Clinical Settings of the Russian Federation (SIMPLE) [NCT02581202]		216 participants (Actual)	Observational	2015-12-21	Completed
Prophylaxis for HIV-1: Tenofovir/Emtricitabine (Truvada ®) + Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra ®) vs Tenofovir/Emtricitabine/Cobicistat/Elvitegravir (Stribild ®). Prospective, Randomized, Open. [NCT02198443]	Phase 4	160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-06-06	Completed
A Pilot Study to Assess the Safety, Efficacy, and PK Profile of a Switch in Antiretroviral Therapy to a RTI Sparing Combination of LPV/r and RAL in Virologically Suppressed HIV-infected Patients [NCT00700115]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-06-30	Completed
Pilot Assessment of Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Maraviroc in Experienced Patients [NCT00981318]	Phase 4	3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-12-31	Terminated(stopped due to unable to enroll expected number of subjects)
IMPAACT P1058A: Intensive Pharmacokinetic Studies of New Classes of Antiretroviral Drug Combinations in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults [NCT00977756]		168 participants (Actual)	Observational	2002-08-31	Completed
A Phase I, Open-label, Randomized Cross-over, 2-period, 2-way Interaction Trial to Investigate the Pharmacokinetic Interaction Between Lopinavir/Ritonavir and TMC125 Both at Steady-state in Healthy Subjects. [NCT00767117]	Phase 1	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Completed
A Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Antiretroviral Therapy Plus HIV Primary Care Versus HIV Primary Care Alone to Prevent the Sexual Transmission of HIV-1 in Serodiscordant Couples [NCT00074581]	Phase 3	3,526 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-02-28	Completed
A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Active-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety and Antiretroviral Activity of MK0518 Versus KALETRA in HIV-Infected Patients Switched From a Stable KALETRA-Based Regimen - Study A [NCT00443703]	Phase 3	352 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-05-31	Terminated(stopped due to primary efficacy analysis at Week 24 did not demonstrate non-inferiority of raltegravir versus lopinavir (+) ritonavir)
Randomised and Prospective Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Monotherapy Versus Darunavir/Ritonavir Monotherapies as Simplification Switching Strategies of PI/NNRTI-Triple Therapy Based-Regimens [NCT00994344]	Phase 4	73 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-10-31	Completed
Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform Trial for Community- Acquired Pneumonia [NCT02735707]	Phase 3	10,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-04-11	Recruiting
Phase III Open Label Atazanavir (BMS-232632) in Combination With Ritonavir or Saquinavir, and Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Each With Tenofovir and a Nucleoside in Subjects With HIV [NCT00035932]	Phase 3	571 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2001-11-30	Completed
A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Active-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety and Antiretroviral Activity of MK0518 Versus KALETRA in HIV-Infected Patients Switched From a Stable KALETRA-Based Regimen - Study B [NCT00443729]	Phase 3	355 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-05-31	Terminated(stopped due to Primary efficacy analysis at Week 24 did not demonstrate non-inferiority of raltegravir versus lopinavir (+) ritonavir)
International Trial of Modified Directly Observed Therapy Versus Self-Administered Therapy for Participants With First Virologic Failure on a Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Containing Antiretroviral Regimen [NCT00608569]		529 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Completed
A Randomized, Open-label, Multi-centre Clinical Trial Evaluating and Comparing the Safety and Efficiency of ASC09/Ritonavir and Lopinavir/Ritonavir for Confirmed Cases of Pneumonia Caused by Novel Coronavirus Infection [NCT04261907]		6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-11	Terminated(stopped due to There were no more subjects enrolled.)
A Randomised Open-label Study Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Ritonavir Boosted Lopinavir and 2-3N(t)RTI Backbone Versus Ritonavir Boosted Lopinavir and Raltegravir in Participants Virologically Failing First-line NNRTI/2N(t)RTI Therapy [NCT00931463]	Phase 4	558 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Completed
Multicentric, Non-inferiority, Randomized, Non-blinded Phase 3 Trial Comparing Virological Response at 48 Weeks of 3 Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens in HIV-1-infected Patients With Treatment Failure After 1st Line Antiretroviral Therapy (Cameroon, Burki [NCT00928187]	Phase 3	454 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-11-30	Completed
An International Randomized Trial of Additional Treatments for COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients Who Are All Receiving the Local Standard of Care Philippines [NCT05024006]		1,314 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-23	Completed
A Prospective Longitudinal Pilot Study to Measure the Effect of Intensification With Raltegravir +/- a Protease Inhibitor (PI) or Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTI) on HIV-1 Levels in the Gut [NCT00884793]		8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Completed
Lumefantrine Pharmacokinetics When Administered as a Fixed Dose Combination With Artemether in HIV Positive Patients on Lopinavir/Ritonavir [NCT00619944]	Phase 4	32 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Rifabutin Combined With Antiretroviral Therapy in the Treatment of Tuberculosis Patient With HIV Infection in Vietnam : A Phase II Trial [NCT00651066]	Phase 2	47 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Completed
A Randomised Controlled Trial to Evaluate Options for Second-line Therapy in Patients Failing a First-line 2NRTI + NNRTI Regimen in Africa [NCT00988039]	Phase 3	1,277 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Completed
P1060 Substudy Comparing Differences in Malaria Parasitemia by Real Time Quantitative PCR in HIV-Infected Infants and Children on PI-Based HAART Versus NNRTI-Based HAART [NCT00719602]	Early Phase 1	105 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-08-31	Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized, Open Label, Pilot Study to Assess the Possibility of Concomitant Treatment of HCV/HIV co Infection With Peg-interferon + Ribavirin, and Lopinavir/r as a Single Antiretroviral Agent. [NCT00866021]	Phase 4	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Completed
A Phase IV-III Comparative, Randomized, Open-label Study to Evaluate the Efficacy for the Recovery of Peripheral Fat (or of the Extremities) of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Monotherapy Versus Abacavir/Lamivudine and Lopinavir/Ritonavir [NCT00865007]	Phase 4	88 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-12-31	Completed
Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) on Patients With COVID-19 Infection: A Perspective, Open-labeled, Randomized, Controlled Trial [NCT04251871]		150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-01-22	Recruiting
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety Profile of Understudied Drugs [NCT04278404]		5,000 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-03-05	Recruiting
A Study Comparing Efficacy and Tolerance of Two Maintenance Strategies : a Monotherapy With Lopinavir/Ritonavir or a Single-tablet Triple Therapy by Efavirenz/Emtricitabin/Tenofovir in HIV-1 Infected Patients With HIV RNA Below 50 cp/mL [NCT00946595]	Phase 2/Phase 3	420 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-11-30	Completed
A Phase 3, Randomized, Open-Label Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r) Tablets 800/200 Milligram (mg) Once-Daily (QD) Versus 400/100 mg Twice-Daily (BID) When Coadministered With Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) in Antiretrov [NCT00358917]	Phase 3	599 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-08-31	Completed
A Comparison of the Bioavailability of Rifabutin With and Without Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Healthy Adult Subjects [NCT00743470]	Phase 1	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-08-31	Terminated
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Lopinavir an Anti-HIV Drug in Israeli Ethiopian and Non-Ethiopian Populations [NCT00347750]		0 participants (Actual)	Observational	2006-09-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to lack of participants)
Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Antiretroviral Agents, Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Efavirenz and Antimalarial Drug Combinations, Artesunate/Amodiaquine and Artemether/Lumefantrine. [NCT00697892]	Phase 1	38 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-07-31	Completed
Nucleoside-Sparing Combination Therapy With Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r) + Raltegravir (RAL) vs. Efavirenz (EFV) + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate + Emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) in Antiretroviral-Naïve Patients [NCT00752856]	Phase 2	51 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-08-26	Completed
Pilot Study Of Novel Combination Of Maraviroc + Atazanavir/Ritonavir vs. Atazanavir/Ritonavir + Emtricitabine/Tenofovir For The Treatment Of Naïve HIV-Infected Patients With R5 HIV-1 [NCT00827112]	Phase 2	129 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Completed
Prospective, Open Label and Randomized Clinical Trial About Hepatic Security of Antiretroviral Treatment Based on Kaletra Versus Nevirapine in Co-infected HIV/HCV Patients [NCT00661349]	Phase 4	9 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Terminated(stopped due to It has been impossible to achieve the number of patients defined by protocol)
The Pharmacokinetics of Two Generic Co-formulations of Lopinavir/Ritonavir for HIV Infected Children: a Pilot Study of Lopimune vs. the Branded Product (SURF Study). [NCT00665951]	Phase 1	12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Efavirenz and Lopinavir Nano-formulations in HIV Negative Healthy Volunteers: an Adaptive Design Study [NCT02631473]	Phase 1	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-11-30	Suspended(stopped due to Study is on hold whilst a grant application for further funding is put together)
Effects of 2 Initial Standard Antiretroviral Combinations Therapies on Lipid Metabolism in ARV-naive HIV-infected Subjects [NCT00759070]	Phase 4	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Active, not recruiting
Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir Crushed Versus Whole Tablets in Pediatric Patients [NCT00810108]	Phase 4	12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-06-30	Completed
A Phase I Study to Evaluate the Effect of Darunavir/Ritonavir and Lopinavir/Ritonavir on GSK2248761 Pharmacokinetics and to Assess the Effect of GSK2248761 on CYP450 Probe Drugs in Healthy Adult Subjects [NCT00920088]	Phase 1	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-06-30	Completed
A Randomized, Open-label Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir 400/100 mg Tablet Twice Daily + Co-formulated Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate 200/300 mg Once Daily Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir 400/100 mg Tablet Twice Daily + Raltegravir 400 mg Twice Daily [NCT00711009]	Phase 3	206 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-07-31	Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Combination With Raltegravir in HIV-infected Patients [NCT00752037]	Phase 4	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Completed
Adjusting Antiretroviral Therapy Dosage Using Therapeutic Drug Monitoring [NCT00836212]	Phase 4	12 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-03-31	Recruiting
CID 0708 - Sex, Aging and Antiretroviral Pharmacokinetics [NCT00666055]		11 participants (Actual)	Observational	2008-03-31	Completed
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials of Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Hydroxychloroquine in Patients With Mild Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) [NCT04307693]	Phase 2	65 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-03-11	Terminated(stopped due to Terminated early because no patients were further enrolled since mid-Apr 2020.)
An Open, Prospective/Retrospective, Randomized Controlled Cohort Study to Compare the Efficacy of Three Antiviral Drugs(Abidol Hydrochloride, Oseltamivir and Lopinavir/Ritonavir) in the Treatment of 2019-nCoV Pneumonia. [NCT04255017]	Phase 4	400 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-02-01	Recruiting
Kaletra and Maraviroc in Antiretroviral Therapy-Naïve Patients - KALMAR Study -Version 1.0 Amendment 2 [NCT01068873]	Phase 4	1 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to Poor enrollment)
Phase 3, Single Center, Controlled, Investigator-blinded, Randomized Matched Pair Design Study of CD4 Cell Recovery in HIV-1 Patients With Sustained Virologic Response Comparing Protease Inhibitor and Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Based T [NCT00966160]	Phase 3	215 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1999-01-31	Completed
The Effect of Pregnancy on the Pharmacokinetics of the Kaletra Tablet: A Longitudinal Investigation in the Second and Third Trimesters Including Empiric Dosage Adjustment [NCT00766818]	Phase 1	12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Completed
A Phase I, Open Label, Randomized, Three Period, One-way, Two Cohort, Adaptive Crossover Study to Evaluate the Effect of Darunavir/Ritonavir Plus Etravirine and Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Etravirine on GSK1349572 Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Adult Subjects ( [NCT00867152]	Phase 1	17 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-04-30	Completed
An Evaluation of the Pharmacological Interaction of Lopinavir 800mg - Ritonavir 200mg Combination and Rifampin in Subjects Presenting Tuberculosis, With Contraindication for Antiretroviral Regimens Including Efavirenz [NCT00771498]	Phase 4	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-11-30	Completed
Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of Low- or Standard-dose of Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra®) in PI-naïve HIV-1 Infected Children [NCT00887120]	Phase 2	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-04-30	Completed
Low Doses of Lung Radiation Therapy in Cases of COVID-19 Pneumonia: Prospective Multicentric Study in Radiation Oncology Centers [NCT04394182]		15 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-21	Suspended(stopped due to lack of recruitment)
A Phase I Study of Intra-anally Administered Lopinavir/Ritonavir in People Living With HIV (PLWH) With High-Grade Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (AIN 2/3) [NCT05334004]	Phase 1	21 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-31	Recruiting
Treatment Outcomes and Plasma Level of Ritonavir-boosted Lopinavir Monotherapy Among HIV-infected Patients Who Had Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) and NNRTI Failure: A Pilot Study [NCT01002898]	Phase 3	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-04-30	Completed
A Phase 4 Study of the Effect on Immune Reconstitution of a Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Based Versus an Efavirenz-based HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy) Regimen in Antiretroviral-Naïve Subjects With Advanced HIV Disease [NCT00775606]	Phase 4	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-10-31	Terminated(stopped due to Study stopped 12/2010 due to poor enrollment. Only 15 of 60 needed enrolled.)
Multicenter, International, Prospective, Phase III, Randomized, Superiority Trial Comparing Two Maintenance Strategies With Mono or Bi-therapy of Protease Inhibitors With or Without Lamivudine in Virologically Suppressed HIV Patients on Second Line Antire [NCT01905059]	Phase 3	265 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Completed
A Phase II Exploratory Study Examining Immunologic and Virologic Indices in Two Age-Differentiated Cohorts of HIV-Infected Subjects to Explore the Basis of Accelerated HIV-Disease Progression Associated With Aging [NCT00006144]	Phase 2	90 participants	Interventional	2000-10-31	Completed
An Open-Label Study of a Once Daily Dose of Emtricitabine in Combination With Other Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-Infected Pediatric Patients [NCT00017992]	Phase 2	100 participants	Interventional		Recruiting
A Phase III, Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label, Multicentre, Three Arm Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of a Dual-Boosted HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor Regimen of Fosamprenavir/Lopinavir/Ritonavir 1400mg/533mg/133mg Twice Daily and an Increased Dosage [NCT00144833]	Phase 3	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2005-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to Incomplete data)
Pilot Simplification Study to Lopinavir/Ritonavir 800/200 mg Monotherapy Regimen Once Daily [NCT01581853]	Phase 4	21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-05-31	Completed
Once-daily Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-1 Infected Patients With CD4+ Cell Counts Below 100 Cells/Mcl. A Prospective, Randomized, Multicentre, Open Clinical Study. [NCT00532168]	Phase 4	108 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-09-30	Completed
A Phase 3, Randomized, Open-label, Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Tablets Versus Soft Gel Capsules and Once Daily Versus Twice Daily Administration, When Coadministered With NRTIs in Antiretroviral Naive HIV-1 Infected Subjects [NCT00262522]	Phase 3	664 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-11-30	Completed
A Pilot Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Participants Experiencing Virologic Relapse on NNRTI-Containing Regimens [NCT00357552]		123 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Completed
Optimizing Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents [NCT00207948]		4 participants (Actual)	Observational	2004-11-30	Terminated(stopped due to no measurable response was detected at the 50% increase threshold.)
Lopinavir/r Plus Saquinavir Salvage Therapy in HIV-infected Children With NRTI and/or NNRTI Failure: PK and Two-year Treatment Follow up [NCT00476359]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-10-31	Completed
An Open-Label, Sequential, 3-Period Study to Evaluate Pharmacokinetics of Coadministered Raltegravir (Isentress) and Lopinavir-Ritonavir (Kaletra) in Healthy Adults [NCT00564772]	Phase 4	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-11-30	Completed
Phase 3 Randomized Trial Evaluating the Virological Efficacy and the Tolerance of 4 New Simplified Antiretroviral Treatments in Naive HIV-1 Infected Patients in Dakar and Yaounde [NCT00573001]	Phase 3	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-07-31	Completed
Evaluation of Clinical Response and Safety in HIV Positive Subjects Co-infected With Hepatitis C Treated With a Kaletra Containing HAART Regimen [NCT00234975]	Phase 4	86 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-10-31	Completed
A Phase II/III Trial of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Dosed According to the WHO Pediatric Weight Band Dosing Guidelines [NCT01172535]	Phase 2/Phase 3	97 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-11-30	Completed
Randomized, Double-blinded, Controlled Trial of Intensive HAART Including Raltegravir, and Maraviroc, on HIV-1 Pro-viral DNA and Reservoir Decay in HIV-1-infected Individuals During the Acute/Early Infection [NCT01154673]	Phase 2/Phase 3	32 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-11-30	Completed
Long-term Effectiveness and Safety in Hepatitis-co-infected Patients [NCT01153269]		33 participants (Actual)	Observational	2001-05-31	Completed
Treatment Options for Protease Inhibitor-exposed Children [NCT01146873]	Phase 3	300 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-07-31	Completed
A Randomized, Pilot Study on the Antiviral Activity and Immunological Effects of Lopinavir/Ritonavir vs. Efavirenz in Treatment-naïve HIV-Infected Patients With CD4 Cell Counts Below 100 Cells/mm3 [NCT00386659]	Phase 4	60 participants	Interventional		Terminated
Evaluation of Kaletra Therapy Over the Long-term [NCT01083810]		284 participants (Actual)	Observational	2001-06-30	Completed
A Multi-centre, Double-blinded, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial on the Efficacy and Safety of Lopinavir / Ritonavir Plus Ribavirin in the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome [NCT00578825]		340 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional		Not yet recruiting
Study on the Impact of Triptolide Woldifiion on HIV-1 Reservoir of Chinese HIV/AIDS Patients In Acute HIV-1 Infection [NCT02219672]	Phase 3	18 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-07-31	Recruiting
Clinical, Virological and Safety Outcomes of a Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Based Regimen in HIV-1 Infected Patients in Routine Clinical Use in China: A Multicenter Post-Marketing Observational Study [NCT01074931]		98 participants (Actual)	Observational	2008-04-30	Completed
Effect of HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors on Endothelial Function and Glucose Metabolism in Normal, HIV-Uninfected Subjects: Atazanavir or Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Placebo [NCT00720590]		30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-11-30	Completed
Safety and Efficacy of the Universal Use of EFV-TDF-FTC and AZT-3TC-LPV/r Combinations in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women to Prevent mother-to Child Transmission of HIV-1 o, Resource-limited Settings: A Multicentre Randomized Phase 3 Clinical Trial [NCT00936195]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-01-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to faillure to obtain insurance because of refusal from insurance companies)
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of the Generic Lopinavir/Ritonavir Tablets 200/50 mg in the Thai HIV-infected Patient [NCT00802334]	Phase 2	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Completed
A Phase I, Open-label, Single Sequence, Crossover Study Evaluating the Safety and the Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Eltrombopag Given Alone and When Co-administered in Healthy Adult Subjects. [NCT00833378]	Phase 1	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-19	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of the Tablet Formulation of Lopinavir/r as Standard and Increased Dosage During Pregnancy in HIV-infected Women [NCT00605098]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Completed
The Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Generic Lopinavir/Ritonavir (200/50 mg Tablets) 400/100 mg q12h in Thai HIV-infected Pregnant Women [NCT00621166]	Phase 2	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-06-30	Completed
Special Investigation of Kaletra in Pregnant Women [NCT01076985]		24 participants (Actual)	Observational	2000-12-31	Completed
MERS-CoV Infection tReated With A Combination of Lopinavir /Ritonavir and Interferon Beta-1b: a Multicenter, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Randomized Trial [NCT02845843]	Phase 2/Phase 3	95 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-07-31	Completed
Breastfeeding Version of the PROMISE Study (Promoting Maternal and Infant Survival Everywhere) [NCT01061151]	Phase 3	3,747 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-03-01	Completed
A Phase IV Study of Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infected Adults Presenting With Acute Opportunistic Infections: Immediate Versus Deferred Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy [NCT00055120]	Phase 4	283 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-03-31	Completed
A 3 Arm, Prospective Study to Compare the Effect of 6 Weeks Exposure to the Combination of Lopinavir (LPVr)/Combivir® (AZT/3TC) Versus Lopinavir Alone or Combivir® Alone in HIV-negative Healthy Subjects on the Development of Abnormalities of Lipid and Glu [NCT00192621]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-11-30	Completed
A Phase I/II Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetic Study of High Dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir With or Without Saquinavir in HIV-Infected Pediatric Subjects Previously Treated With Protease Inhibitors [NCT00084058]	Phase 1/Phase 2	26 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Phase III Randomized Trial of the Safety and Antiretroviral Effects of Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Abacavir Versus Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Lopinavir/Ritonavir in the Prevention of Perinatal Transmission of HIV [NCT00086359]	Phase 3	19 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-07-31	Completed
Evaluation of the Use of Antiretroviral Regimens Containing Raltegravir for Prophylaxis of Mother-to-child-transmission of HIV Infection in Pregnant Women Presenting With Detectable Viral Load After 32 Weeks of Gestation: a Pilot Study [NCT01854762]	Phase 2/Phase 3	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Recruiting
Drug-Drug Interaction Study to Assess the Effects of Steady-State Lopinavir/Ritonavir on Pitavastatin in Healthy Adult Volunteers [NCT01057433]	Phase 4	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-01-31	Completed
A 24-week, Randomized, Open-label, 2-arm Study to Compare the Safety, Efficacy and Tolerability of Invirase® Tablets With Ritonavir Versus Kaletra® Tablets in HIV 1 Infected Adults on a Kaletra® Based Regimen With 2 Nucleosides/Nucleotides [NCT00438152]	Phase 4	53 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-09-30	Completed
[NCT00525239]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2004-03-31	Recruiting
HIV- Monotherapy in Switzerland (MOST- ch) [NCT00531986]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to Unexpectedely high rates of treatment-failure)
Baricitinib Combined With Antiviral Therapy in Symptomatic Patients Infected by COVID-19: an Open-label, Pilot Study [NCT04320277]	Phase 2/Phase 3	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-05-16	Not yet recruiting
Monotherapy in Africa: Evaluation of New Therapy [NCT02155101]	Phase 3	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Completed
Comprehensive in Vitro Proarrhythmia Assay (CiPA) Clinical Phase 1 ECG Biomarker Validation Study (CiPA Phase 1 ECG Biomarker Study) [NCT03070470]	Phase 1	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-14	Completed
Phase I/II Study of ABT-378/Ritonavir in Combination With Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Antiretroviral Naive HIV-Infected Patients [NCT00004578]	Phase 1/Phase 2	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1997-11-30	Completed
An Open Label, Randomized Study to Compare Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Initiation When CD4 is Between 15% to 24% to ART Initiation When CD4 Falls Below 15% in Children With HIV Infection and Moderate Immune Suppression [NCT00234091]	Phase 3	300 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-04-30	Completed
A Phase III, Open Label, Randomized, Comparative Study of the Antiviral Efficacy of ARV Therapy With Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r-Kaletra) in Combination With Tenofovir (TDF) Versus Standard of Care (Kaletra in Combination With 2 Nucleoside RTIs) in naïve-H [NCT00234910]	Phase 3	152 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-01-31	Completed
An Open-Label, Randomized Study to Determine the Impact of Antiretroviral Treatment in HCV/HIV-Coinfected Subjects With High CD4+ Cell Count on the Efficacy of Hepatitis C Treatment With Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2A and Ribavirin [NCT00100581]		2 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
Safeguard the Household: A Study of HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Treatment Strategies Appropriate for a Resource Poor Country [NCT00080522]		813 participants	Interventional	2005-02-28	Completed
A Randomized, Open-Label Study Assessing Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of an Induction-Maintenance Treatment Strategy Including Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine Versus Efavirenz Plus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarat [NCT00121017]	Phase 2	200 participants	Interventional		Withdrawn
MEDICLAS Study (Metabolic Effects of Different Classes of AntiretroviralS) [NCT00122226]	Phase 4	50 participants	Interventional	2003-01-31	Active, not recruiting
A Pharmacokinetic Study of Super-boosted Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Combination With Rifampin in HIV-1-infected Patients With Tuberculosis. [NCT01700790]	Phase 4	9 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-02-29	Terminated(stopped due to No Further Funding)
Very Early Intensive Treatment of HIV-Infected Infants to Achieve HIV Remission: A Phase I/II Proof of Concept Study [NCT02140255]	Phase 1/Phase 2	905 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-01-23	Recruiting
The Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Combination With Atazanavir in HIV-Infected Subjects [NCT00420355]	Phase 4	19 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to Unexpected adverse event)
Randomised, Prospective Multicentre Clinical Study on the Effect of the Combination of Lopinavir/Rtv + Nevirapine as Maintenance Bitherapy (Without Nucleoside Analogues) in Comparison With a Triple Therapy Including Lopinavir/Rtv + Nucleoside Analogues in [NCT00335686]	Phase 4	67 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-10-31	Completed
A Randomized Clinical Trial Assessing Continuous HAART Versus Interrupted HAART in a Resource Poor Clinic [NCT00100646]		30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-03-31	Completed
A Phase II, Randomized, Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Two Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies: A Dual PI-Based HAART Regimen Versus a Multi-NRTI ART Regimen, in ART-Experienced Children and Youth Who Have Experienced Virol [NCT00102206]	Phase 2	6 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
Sex Differences in Lopinavir/Ritonavir Pharmacokinetics Among HIV-1-Infected Men and Women [NCT00102986]		116 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-10-31	Completed
Phase III-IV, Comparative, Randomized, Open-Label, Study to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy of Suspending Nucleosides From a Triple-Drug Therapy Based on Lopinavir/Ritonavir Versus Continuing Triple-Drug Therapy in HIV-Infected Subjects With Undetectable Pla [NCT00114933]	Phase 4	200 participants	Interventional	2005-01-31	Completed
A Randomized Comparison of Protease Inhibitor-based Versus Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-based Antiretroviral Therapy for Initial Treatment of Individuals With AIDS-related Kaposi's Sarcoma in Sub-Saharan Africa [NCT00444379]	Phase 4	224 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-04-30	Completed
A 48-Weeks National Multicenter Randomized Open Clinical Trial Evaluating Tolerance and Efficacy of a Treatment Simplification by Lopinavir/Ritonavir Versus Continuation of Current Treatment in HIV-Infected Patients With a Viral Load Inferior to 50 Copies [NCT00140751]	Phase 3	186 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-10-31	Completed
Evaluation of Efficacy of Pharmacotherapy Treatment of COVID- 19 Infection Using Oral Levamisole and Formoterol+Budesonide Inhaler and Comparison of This Treatment Protocol With Standard National Treatment of the Disease [NCT04331470]	Phase 2/Phase 3	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-04	Recruiting
Effect of HIV Protease Inhibitor Drugs on Glucose and Insulin Metabolism [NCT00135434]	Phase 1	25 participants	Interventional	2004-09-30	Completed
Randomized, Single Oral Dose,Two Treatment,Four-period,Full-replicated,Cross-over Trial to Assess the BE of Orvical 200 mg/50 mg FT in Comparison With Kaletra 200 mg/50 mg FT in Healthy Male Subjects Under Fasting Conditions [NCT04386876]	Phase 1	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-30	Completed
The Regimen of Favipiravir Plus Hydroxychloroquine Can Accelerate Recovery of the COVID-19 Patients With Moderate Severity in Comparison to Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Hydroxychloroquine Regimen: an Open-label, Non-randomized Clinical Trial Study [NCT04376814]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-03-29	Completed
A Randomized Trial of Efficacy and Safety of an Early OUTpatient Treatment of COVID-19 in Patients With Risk Factor for Poor Outcome: a Strategy to Prevent Hospitalization [NCT04365582]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-05-07	Withdrawn(stopped due to The PI decided.)
Efficacy of Pragmatic Same-day Ring COVID-19 Prophylaxis for Adult Individuals Exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in Switzerland: an Open-label Cluster Randomized Trial [NCT04364022]	Phase 3	326 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-23	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Umifenovir as an Adjuvant Therapy Compared to the Control Therapeutic Regiment of Interferon Beta 1a, Lopinavir / Ritonavir and a Single Dose of Hydroxychloroquine in Moderate to Severe COVID-19: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- [NCT04350684]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-15	Enrolling by invitation
A Multi-Center Comparison of Raltegravir to Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Both in Combination With Truvada, in HIV-Infected Individuals Naive to Antiretroviral Therapy [NCT00632970]	Phase 4	6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Terminated(stopped due to no patients completed)
A Proof of Concept Study for GSK2248761 (An Extension of NV-05A-002: A Phase I/IIa Double-Blind Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability, Antiretroviral Activity, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of IDX12899 in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naive HIV [NCT00945282]	Phase 2	8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-10-20	Completed
Bone and Body Comp: A Sub Study of the SECOND-LINE Study [NCT01513122]	Phase 4	210 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-02-28	Completed
HIV Infection and Breastfeeding: Interventions for Maternal and Infant Health [NCT00164736]	Phase 3	2,369 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-03-31	Completed
"Study ACA-ARGE-04-001 A Pilot, Open-Label Study Assessing Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy of a Simplified Lopinavir/Ritonavir Induction/Maintenance Therapy in HIV-Infected Subjects on Their First Protease Inhibitor-Based Regimen." [NCT00159224]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-04-30	Completed
The Efficacy and Safety of Carrimycin Treatment in Patients With Novel Coronavirus Infectious Disease (COVID-19) : A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-controlled Study [NCT04286503]	Phase 4	520 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-02-23	Not yet recruiting
A Randomized, Open-label, Controlled Study of the Efficacy of Lopinavir Plus Ritonavir and Arbidol for Treating With Patients With Novel Coronavirus Infection [NCT04252885]	Phase 4	86 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-01-28	Completed
An Open Label Study of the Impact on Insulin Sensitivity, Lipid Profile and Vascular Inflammation by Treatment With Lopinavir / Ritonavir (400 / 100 mg Twice Daily) or Raltegravir 400 mg Twice Daily in HIV Negative Male Volunteers. [NCT00531999]	Phase 1	18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-10-31	Completed
Open Randomized Study Comparing Two Alternatives of Antiretroviral Therapy as Post-exposure Prophylaxis to HIV-1: TENOFOVIR+EMTRICITABINA + LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR VS TENOFOVIR+EMTRICITABINA + MARAVIROC [NCT01533272]	Phase 4	240 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-02-29	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of and Rate of HIV-1 RNA Decline in ARV-naive HIV-1 Infected Patients Treated With Low- or Standard-dose Saquinavir HGC (Invirase®) and Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra® [NCT00400738]	Phase 2	48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-03-31	Completed
A Phase IIb, 96 Week, Randomized, Open-label Multicenter, Parallel Group, Repeat Dose Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, PK and Antiviral Effect of Different Doses and Regimens of GW873140 in Combination With Kaletra (Lopinavir and Ritonavir) in [NCT00102778]	Phase 2	175 participants	Interventional	2004-12-31	Terminated
Prospective Trial to Evaluate How Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Protease Inhibitors Increases Virologic Success and Tolerance of HAART (ANRS 111 COPHAR2) [NCT00122590]		115 participants	Interventional	2002-07-31	Terminated
Effect of Change to a Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI)-Sparing Regimen of Efavirenz (EFV) and Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r) on Liver Histology in HIV-1-Infected Individuals With Lactic Acidemia and Persistent Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) [NCT00023218]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Withdrawn
A Randomized, Comparative Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Versus GW433908 and Ritonavir Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir and GW433908 (In Combination With Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and One or Two Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors) in HIV-1-Infected S [NCT00028366]		56 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Two Potent, Simplified Regimens Utilizing A Protease Inhibitor-Sparing Regimen Versus A Nucleoside-Sparing Regimen for HIV-Infected Subjects Who Participated in ACTG 388 or Who Responded to A First Potent Combination Regi [NCT00014937]		240 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Open-Label Study of 800 Mg Lopinavir/200 Mg Ritonavir QD in Combination With Tenofovir and Emtricitabine Vs. 400 Mg Lopinavir /100 Mg Ritonavir BID in Combination With Tenofovir and Emtricitabine in HIV-Infected Antiretroviral Naïve Subjects [NCT00043966]	Phase 3	200 participants	Interventional	2002-07-31	Completed
A Phase II, Randomized, Open-Label Study Comparing Fixed-Dose Versus Concentration-Adjusted Lopinavir/Ritonavir Therapy in HIV-Infected Subjects on Salvage Therapy [NCT00046033]	Phase 2	118 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Comparative Trial of Protease-Containing and Protease-Sparing HAART Regimens in HIV-Infected Adolescents With an Evaluation of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring [NCT00075907]	Phase 3	240 participants	Interventional	2004-07-31	Completed
A Pilot Study of a Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Sparing Regimen in Antiretroviral-Naïve, HIV-infected Patients [NCT00143689]	Phase 4	13 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-04-30	Completed
A Phase II Study of the Predictive Value of Pharmacokinetic-Adjusted Phenotypic Susceptibility (C12h/IC50) on Antiretroviral Response to Ritonavir-Enhanced Protease Inhibitors in Subjects With Failure of Previous Protease Inhibitor-Based Regimens [NCT00027339]	Phase 2	53 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Restrictively Randomized, Open-Label, Controlled, Pilot Study of the Effect of a Thymidine Analogue Substitution or Change to a Nucleoside-Sparing Regimen on Peripheral Fat Wasting [NCT00028314]		150 participants	Interventional	2002-03-31	Completed
Immunologic Consequences of Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification in Subjects With Moderately Advanced HIV-1 Disease: A Follow-Up Study to ACTG 315/375 [NCT00034086]		22 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase I/II, Open Label Study to Evaluate the Ability of Combination Therapy With ABT-378/Ritonavir (Kaletra), Lamivudine (Epivir), Efavirenz (Sustiva)and Tenofovir DF to Completely Suppress Viral Replication in Subjects Infected With HIV-1 [NCT00038220]	Phase 2	40 participants	Interventional	2000-07-31	Completed
A Phase III, Randomized, Open-Label Comparison of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Efavirenz Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus 2 NRTIs Versus Efavirenz Plus 2 NRTIs as Initial Therapy for HIV-1 Infection [NCT00050895]	Phase 3	775 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase III, Randomized, Multicenter, Parallel Group, Open-Label, Three Arm Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Two Dosing Regimens of GW433908/Ritonavir (700mg/100mg Twice Daily or 1400mg/200mg Once Daily) Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir (400mg/100mg [NCT00025727]	Phase 3	330 participants	Interventional	2001-05-31	Active, not recruiting
A Randomized, Phase II, Open Label Study to Compare Twice Daily and Once Daily Potent Antiretroviral Therapy and to Compare Self-Administered Therapy and Therapy Administered Under Direct Observation [NCT00036452]	Phase 2	402 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase III Study of ABT-378/Ritonavir in Combination With Nevirapine and Two Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) vs. Investigator Selected Protease Inhibitor(s) in Combination With Nevirapine and Two NRTIs in Antir [NCT00004581]	Phase 3	300 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Phase I/II Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in HIV-1 Infected Infants Less Than 6 Months of Age [NCT00038480]	Phase 1	31 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Study of Two Different Doses of ABT-378/Ritonavir in HIV-Infected Patients Who Have Taken Protease Inhibitors and Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors [NCT00038636]	Phase 3	36 participants	Interventional	2000-09-30	Completed
A Phase II Pharmacokinetic Study of the Transdermal Contraceptive System and Oral Contraceptive in HIV-1 Infected Women on Lopinavir/Ritonavir [NCT00125983]	Phase 2	32 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Open-Label Study Exploring a Simplified Kaletra® (Lopinavir/Ritonavir)-Based Therapy Versus a Sustiva® (Efavirenz)-Based Standard of Care in Previously Non-Treated HIV-Infected Subjects [NCT00075231]	Phase 2	150 participants	Interventional	2003-12-31	Completed
A Phase II Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Combination With Saquinavir Mesylate or Lamivudine/Zidovudine to Explore Metabolic Toxicities in Antiretroviral HIV-Infected Subjects [NCT00043953]	Phase 2	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-08-31	Completed
Study on the Feasibility of Antiretroviral Therapy With a Single Agent - Lopinavir/r - in Patients Treated With HAART and With Viral Load Below 80 Copies/Ml [NCT00160849]	Phase 4	60 participants	Interventional	2004-08-31	Completed
Boosted PI VS. NNRTI Based Therapy as Initial Treatment for HIV-1 Infected Patients With Advanced Disease [NCT00162643]	Phase 4	300 participants	Interventional	2004-12-31	Recruiting
Maternal and Infant Peripartum Nevirapine, Versus Infant Only Peripartum Nevirapine, or Maternal Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Addition to Standard Zidovudine Prophylaxis for the Prevention of Perinatal HIV in Thailand. [NCT00409591]	Phase 3	435 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-07-31	Terminated(stopped due to Change in National PMTCT guidelines in Thailand)
Latency and Early Neonatal Provision of Antiretroviral Drugs Clinical Trial [NCT02431975]	Phase 4	73 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Completed
Randomized, Open-Label 2x2 Factorial Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Different Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens in Treatment Naive Patients With Advanced HIV Disease and/or CD4+ Cell Counts Less Than 200 Cells/MicroL [NCT00342355]	Phase 4	1,771 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-01-31	Completed
Optimizing Pediatric HIV-1 Treatment in Infants With Prophylactic Exposure to Nevirapine, Nairobi, Kenya (6-12 Month RCT) [NCT00427297]	Phase 3	34 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-09-30	Terminated(stopped due to There is no longer equipoise. DSMB recommended termination.)
Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Buprenorphine and Kaletra (Lopinavir/Ritonavir) [NCT00571961]		12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Completed
An Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial on Lopinavir/ Ritonavir, Ribavirin and Interferon Beta 1b Combination Versus Lopinavir/ Ritonavir Alone, as Treatment for 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection [NCT04276688]	Phase 2	127 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-10	Completed
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antiretroviral and Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs During Pregnancy and Postpartum [NCT04518228]		325 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2021-06-08	Recruiting
Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Antiretroviral Agents, Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Efavirenz and Antimalarial Drug Combination, Artemether/Lumefantrine [NCT00266058]	Phase 1	33 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-12-31	Completed
A Pilot, Open-Label, Randomized, Comparative Study of the Antiviral Efficacy of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Single-Drug Regimen Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Combination With Lamivudine/Zidovudine in Antiretroviral Naïve Patients [NCT00234923]	Phase 3	138 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-08-31	Completed
Factors Associated With Adherence in a Cohort of HIV Positive Subjects on a First Time PI Containing HAART Regimen: Observational Study of the Impact of Adherence on Viral Load for a HAART Regimen Containing Kaletra vs Other Selected PI Containing HAART. [NCT00234962]	Phase 4	200 participants	Interventional	2002-08-31	Terminated
Prevention of HIV1 Mother to Child Transmission Without Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in the Pre-partum Phase. A Multicenter Randomised Phase II/III Open Label Study With a Group of 100 Pregnant Women Receiving Lopinavir/Ritonavir a [NCT00424814]	Phase 2/Phase 3	105 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-03-31	Completed
A Phase IV, Randomized, Open-label Study of the Tolerability of Once Daily Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r) Liquid Versus Capsules [NCT00281606]	Phase 4	65 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-02-14	Completed
Enfuvirtide for the Initial Phase of Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-infected Patients With High Risk of Clinical Progression : ANRS 130 APOLLO [NCT00302822]	Phase 3	195 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-04-30	Completed
Cross-sectional Study for the Characterisation of the Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Protease Inhibitors and Non-nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in the Spanish Population of HIV-infected Subjects [NCT00307502]	Phase 1	675 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-01-31	Completed
Low Dose Anti-inflammatory Radiotherapy for the Treatment of Pneumonia by COVID-19: Multi-central Prospective Study [NCT04380818]		106 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-06-05	Recruiting
Maraviroc Switch Central Nervous System (CNS) Substudy: a Substudy of MARCH, a Randomised, Open-label Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Maraviroc (MVC) as a Switch for Either Nucleoside or Nucleotide Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (N [NCT01637233]		28 participants (Actual)	Observational	2012-06-30	Completed
Maraviroc Switch Collaborative Study Renal Substudy [NCT01637259]	Phase 4	76 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-06-30	Completed
Optimal Dosing of 1st Line Antituberculosis and Antiretroviral Drugs in Children (a Pharmacokinetic Study) [NCT01637558]	Phase 4	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-11-30	Completed
A Phase 1, Open-Label, Parallel Study to Evaluate the Effect of Multiple Doses of Isavuconazole on the Pharmacokinetics of Multiple Doses of Lopinavir/Ritonavir and the Effects of Lopinavir/Ritonavir on the Pharmacokinetics of Multiple Doses of Isavuconaz [NCT01660477]	Phase 1	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-06-30	Completed
Nevirapine vs Ritonavir-boosted Lopinavir in ART HIV-infected Adults in a Resource-limited Setting; a Randomized, Multicenter, Parallel Group Study [NCT01772940]	Phase 4	425 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-12-31	Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized, Active Controlled, Open Label, Platform Trial on the Efficacy and Safety of Experimental Therapeutics for Patients With COVID-19 (Caused by Infection With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2) [NCT04351724]	Phase 2/Phase 3	500 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-16	Recruiting
An Investigation Into Beneficial Effects of Interferon Beta 1a, Compared to The Base Therapeutic Regiment in Moderate to Severe COVID-19: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial [NCT04350671]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-15	Enrolling by invitation
A Pilot Study of the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Rifabutin 150 mg Once Daily Versus Rifabutin 300 mg Thrice Weekly With Lopinavir/Ritonavir Based HAART in HIV/TB Co-infected Patients [NCT02415985]	Phase 2	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Completed
A Study on ART Naïve Patients On Different Regimens to Treat Hiv (a Phase 4 Study) [NCT01445223]	Phase 4	242 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-04-30	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Plasma Lopinavir/Ritonavir Over a 12 Hour Dosing Interval Following Administration of 400/100, 200/150, and 200/50 mg Twice Daily to HIV-negative Healthy Volunteers [NCT00985543]	Phase 1	22 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-10-31	Completed
Real-Life Effectiveness of the Kaletra Adherence Support Assistance (KASA) Program: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study (KASA PMOS) [NCT01662336]		173 participants (Actual)	Observational	2012-06-30	Completed
A Phase II Study of ABT-378/Ritonavir and Efavirenz in Multiple Protease Inhibitor-Experienced Subjects [NCT00004582]	Phase 2	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
Comparative Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Remdesivir Plus Lopinavir/ Ritonavir and Tocilizumab Versus Hydroxychloroquine Plus Ivermectin and Tocilizumab in COVID-19 Patients. [NCT04779047]	Phase 4	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-10-01	Recruiting
Efficacy of Novel Agents for Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among High-Risk Outpatient Adults: An Adaptive Randomized Platform Trial [NCT04354428]	Phase 2/Phase 3	289 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-16	Terminated(stopped due to Low number of events contributing to primary outcome)
A Randomized Phase II Study of the Safety, Immunologic, and Virologic Effects of Cyclosporine A in Conjunction With Trizivir(R) and Kaletra(R) Versus Trizivir(R) and Kaletra(R) Alone During Primary HIV-1 Infection [NCT00084149]	Phase 2	54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-02-29	Completed
A Phase I, Three-Arm Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetic Interaction Study of PA-824, an Investigational Nitroimidazole for the Treatment of Tuberculosis, Together With Efavirenz, Ritonavir-Boosted Lopinavir, or Rifampin [NCT01571414]	Phase 1	52 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-05-31	Completed
Open Randomized Study Comparing Two Alternatives of Antiretroviral Therapy as Post-exposure Prophylaxis to HIV-1: Tenofovir + Emtricitabine + Lopinavir/Ritonavir Versus Tenofovir + Emtricitabine + Raltegravir [NCT01576731]	Phase 4	240 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Completed
Randomized Controlled Pilot Study of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy for Patients With Primary Biliary Cirrhosis [NCT01614405]		13 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-06-30	Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Infusion of Wharton's Jelly Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Plus Standard Therapy for the Treatment of Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Diagnosis Due to COVID 19: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04390152]	Phase 1/Phase 2	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-01-13	Recruiting
An Open Label, Randomized, Parallel-group Pharmacokinetics Trial of Tipranavir / Ritonavir (TPV/RTV), Alone or in Combination With RTV-boosted Saquinavir (SQV), Amprenavir (APV), or Lopinavir (LPV), Plus an Optimized Background Regimen, in Multiple Antire [NCT00056641]	Phase 2	328 participants	Interventional	2003-02-18	Completed
Phase I/II Study of ABT-378/Ritonavir in Protease Inhibitor Experienced HIV-Infected Patients [NCT00004580]	Phase 1	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Open-Label, Pilot Treatment Trial Evaluating Cellular Dynamics and Immune Restoration in Treatment-Naive HIV-Infected Subjects Receiving Either the Protease Inhibitor LPV/r or the Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors d4T/3TC/ [NCT00004855]		55 participants	Interventional		Completed
Chemoprophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19) in Exposed Healthcare Workers : A Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial [NCT04328285]	Phase 3	118 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-14	Terminated(stopped due to French authority's decision)
An Investigation Into Beneficial Effects of Interferon Beta 1a, Compared to Interferon Beta 1b And The Base Therapeutic Regiment in Moderate to Severe COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT04343768]	Phase 2	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-09	Completed
Comparative Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Remdesivir Versus Lopinavir/ Ritonavir and Remdesivir Combination in COVID-19 Patients [NCT04738045]	Phase 4	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-11-01	Recruiting
A Phase 1 Clinical Study to Assess the Effect of Darunavir/Ritonavir or Lopinavir/Ritonavir on the Pharmacokinetics of Daclatasvir in Healthy Subjects [NCT02159352]	Phase 1	49 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Completed
Evaluation of Additional Treatments for COVID-19: a Randomized Trial in Niger [NCT04409483]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to Epidemic dynamics)
The Influence of Lopinavir/Ritonavir on Gemfibrozil Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Volunteers [NCT00474201]		15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-05-31	Completed
Neuropsychiatric Adverse Effects of Efavirenz in Children Living With HIV in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania [NCT03227653]		144 participants (Actual)	Observational	2017-06-19	Completed
Switching From Regimens Consisting of a RTV-Boosted Protease Inhibitor Plus TDF/FTC to a Combination of Raltegravir Plus Nevirapine and Lamivudine in HIV Patients With Suppressed Viremia and Impaired Renal Function (RANIA Study) (Pilot Study) Protocol MK- [NCT02116660]	Phase 2	11 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-03	Terminated(stopped due to This study was terminated early due to poor recruitment.)
Pharmacokinetics Study of Tenofovir in HIV-infected Thai Children Using Tenofovir-based Regimen [NCT02404259]		32 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Completed
A Pharmacokinetics Study Comparing Lopinavir Plasma Exposure When Given as Lopinavir/Ritonavir (1:1) in the Presence of Rifampicin and Lopinavir/Ritonavir (4:1) Without Rifampicin in HIV and TB Co-infected Children in South Africa. [NCT02348177]	Phase 4	96 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-01-31	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Albuvirtide for Injection Combined With LPV/r for Treatment of HIV-1-Infected Patients Failed First-line Antiretroviral Therapy [NCT02369965]	Phase 3	418 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-19	Completed
HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis With Darunavir/r (PEPDar) [NCT01516970]	Phase 3	312 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-11-25	Completed
A Pilot Study to Assess Virologic Suppression and Immune Recovery With Raltegravir and Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Raltegravir and Emtricitabine/Tenofovir in HIV-1 Infected Treatment-naïve Subjects [NCT00654147]	Phase 2	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-04-30	Completed
Lopinavir/Ritonavir/Combivir vs. Abacavir/Zidovudine/Lamivudine for Virologic Efficacy and the Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission Among Breastfeeding Women With CD4 Counts Greater Than or Equal to 200 Cells/mm3 in Botswana [NCT00270296]	Phase 2	730 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-06-30	Completed
Drug Use Investigation of Kaletra [NCT01076972]		1,184 participants (Actual)	Observational	2000-12-31	Completed
Retrospective Cohort to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Safety of Xiyanping Injection Combined With Conventional Treatment for New Coronavirus Infection Pneumonia (Common Type) [NCT04275388]		426 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-05-15	Not yet recruiting
Immune Reconstitution as a Determinant of Adverse Effects to New Antiretroviral Therapy in Persons With Advanced HIV Infection [NCT00885664]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-10-31	Completed
Baricitinib Therapy in COVID-19: A Pilot Study on Safety and Clinical Impact [NCT04358614]	Phase 2/Phase 3	12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-03-16	Completed
A Pilot Project to Operationalize the Prevention Strategy of Post Exposure Prophylaxis Following Sexual Exposure to HIV in Combination With Educational Programming and Behavioral Risk Reduction Strategies in Los Angeles County [NCT00949234]	Phase 2	267 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Completed
"Hydroxychloroquine and Lopinavir/ Ritonavir for Hospitalization and Mortality Reduction in Patients With COVID-19 and Mild Disease Symptoms: The Hope Coalition" [NCT04403100]	Phase 3	1,968 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-06-03	Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III Study of ABT-378/Ritonavir Plus Stavudine and Lamivudine vs Nelfinavir Plus Stavudine and Lamivudine in Antiretroviral Naive HIV-Infected Subjects [NCT00004583]	Phase 3	660 participants	Interventional	1999-03-31	Completed
An Open-Label Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Short Course Antiretroviral Therapy for Acute or Recent HIV-1 Infection in Zimbabwe and the United States [NCT00414518]		16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Completed
Comparison of Liquid Kaletra and Low Dose Kaletra Tablets in HIV-Positive Children [NCT00762320]		8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-10-31	Completed
Antiretroviral Regime for Viral Eradication in Newborns After Intervention Failure of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV [NCT02712801]	Phase 4	600 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Completed
IMPAACT 1092: Phase IV Evaluation Of The Steady State Pharmacokinetics Of Zidovudine, Lamivudine, and Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Severely Malnourished HIV-1-Infected Children [NCT01818258]	Phase 4	52 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-10-26	Completed
A Randomized, Phase 2b Study of a Double-Dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Based Antiretroviral Regimen With Rifampin-Based Tuberculosis Treatment Versus a Standard-Dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Based Antiretroviral Regimen With Rifabutin-Based Tuberculosis Treatment W [NCT01601626]	Phase 2	71 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-07-13	Terminated(stopped due to The study was stopped early due to feasibility concerns.)
A Phase IIIb, Open -Label, Randomized Multi-center Study Comparing the Antiviral Efficacy, Safety, and Effect on Serum Lipids of Atazanavir/Ritonavir Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir, in Combination With Two Nucleoside or Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibi [NCT00135395]	Phase 3	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2004-05-31	Completed
A Randomized Open-label Study of the Antiviral Efficacy and Safety of Atazanavir Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir(LPV/RTV), Each in Combination With Two Nucleosides in Subjects Who Have Experienced Virologic Failure With Prior Protease Inhibitor-Containing HAAR [NCT00028301]	Phase 3	0 participants	Interventional	2001-02-28	Completed
Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Interest of a Down-scaled Treatment Strategy Using Dual Therapy (Nucleoside Analogs) in HIV Infected Patients Already Being Treated Using Triple Therapy, Who Present With a Successful Virological Control and for W [NCT02302547]	Phase 3	224 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Completed
An Open-Label, Proof of Concept, Randomized Trial Comparing a LPV/r-Based to an nNRTI-Based Antiretroviral Therapy Regimen for Clearance of Plasmodium Falciparum Subclinical Parasitemia in HIV-infected Adults With CD4+ Counts >200 and <500 Cells/mm^3 [NCT01632891]	Phase 1/Phase 2	52 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-10	Completed
HIV Reservoir Dynamics After Switching to Dolutegravir in Patients With Two NRTI and a Protease Inhibitor Based Regimen. A Phase IV Open Randomized Trial [NCT02513147]	Phase 4	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Completed
Favipiravir, Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Combination Therapy: a Randomised, Double Blind, 2x2 Factorial Placebo-controlled Trial of Early Antiviral Therapy in COVID-19 [NCT04499677]	Phase 2	240 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-09-24	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Trial	Outcome
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Fridericia-corrected QT (QTcF) Interval and Change From Baseline by Analysis Time Point
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Mean Score of European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) Health Index Score at Baseline, Mid-Study (Week 24), and Final (Week 48)
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Mean ATV, RTV and SQV Minimum Concentration (Cmin) Values
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Lipid Mean Percent Change From Baseline at Week 96, Observed Values
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Lipid Mean Percent Change From Baseline at Week 48
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Lipid Mean Percent Change From Baseline at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	HIV RNA Level - Treated Subjects With Evaluable Cmins at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Grade 3/4 Laboratory Abnormalities Through Week 48
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (LOQ = 400 c/mL) at Week 96
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and Adverse Events (AEs) Through Week 48
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Correlation of ATV Minimum Plasma Concentration (Cmin), Inhibitory Quotient (IQ), and Number of Protease Inhibitor (PI) Mutations at Baseline With HIV RNA Change From Baseline at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Correlation of ATV Minimum Plasma Concentration (Cmin) Inhibitory Quotient (IQ), and Number of PI Mutations at Baseline and CD4 Cell Count Change From Baseline at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Adherence to Regimen Though Week 48 Based on MACS the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) Adherence Questionnaire
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (LOQ = 50 c/mL) at Week 96
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (LOQ = 50 c/mL) at Week 48
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (LOQ = 50 c/mL) at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in HIV Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 50 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 96
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 50 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 48
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 50 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 400 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 96
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	HIV IC50 at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Fasting Glucose Mean Change From Baseline at Week 48
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Fasting Glucose Mean Change From Baseline at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in CD4 Cell Count at Week 96
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 400 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 48
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in CD4 Cell Count at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Inhibitory Quotient at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (LOQ = 400 c/mL) at Week 48, (Overall and by PI Sensitivity)
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (Limit of Quantification [LOQ] = 400 c/mL) at Week 24 (Overall and by Protease Inhibitor [PI] Sensitivity)
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Most Common AEs and AEs of Interest Through Week 48
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	PR Interval and Change From Baseline by Analysis Time Point
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Mean Score of European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at Baseline, Mid-Study (Week 24), and Final (Week 48)
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in CD4 Cell Count at Week 48
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 400 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 24
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in HIV RNA at Week 96
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in HIV RNA at Week 48
NCT00035932 (38) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in HIV RNA at Week 2
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) of ARVs for Contraceptive Arms
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	Pharmacokinetic (PK) Parameter: Infant Plasma Washout Half-life (T1/2) of ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Cord/Maternal Blood Concentration Ratio With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Cord/Maternal Blood Concentration Ratio With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	Plasma Concentration for Contraceptives
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) of ARVs for Contraceptive Arms
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	Number of Women Who Met PK Target of Area Under the Curve (AUC) for ARVs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	Number of Women Who Met PK Target of Area Under the Curve (AUC) for ARVs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	Pharmacokinetic (PK) Parameter: Infant Plasma Washout Concentration of ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) With Geometric Mean (95% CI) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in mg/L With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in mg/L With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in mg/L With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in ng/mL With Median (95% CI) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in ng/mL With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C12) With Geometric Mean (95% CI) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C12) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C12) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C24) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Trough Concentration (C24) With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00042289 (26) [back to overview]	PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs
NCT00074581 (2) [back to overview]	Linked Partner HIV Infection Rates in Early-ART and Delayed-ART Arms
NCT00074581 (2) [back to overview]	All Partner HIV Infection Rates in Early-ART and Delayed-ART Arms
NCT00084149 (7) [back to overview]	Levels of Proviral DNA in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) (log10)
NCT00084149 (7) [back to overview]	HIV-1 Viral Load Levels
NCT00084149 (7) [back to overview]	Adverse Events Related to Study Medication
NCT00084149 (7) [back to overview]	CD4 T Cell Levels
NCT00084149 (7) [back to overview]	Proviral DNA Levels (log10)
NCT00084149 (7) [back to overview]	Proviral DNA (log10)
NCT00084149 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Viral Load Less Than 50 Copies/ml
NCT00089505 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Experienced HIV-related Disease Progression or Death
NCT00089505 (9) [back to overview]	Time From Randomization to Virologic Failure or Death for Participants Without SD NVP Exposure Prior to Study Entry
NCT00089505 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Experienced Treatment-related Toxicity That Led to Discontinuation of Randomized Regimen.
NCT00089505 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Experienced Virologic Failure or Died.
NCT00089505 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Received NVP-containing Regimens at Randomization and Experienced NVP-associated Rash or Grade 2+ Liver Lab Abnormality
NCT00089505 (9) [back to overview]	CD4 Count Change From Randomization
NCT00089505 (9) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Experienced Virologic Failure or Died
NCT00089505 (9) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Reported to Never Missed Any of the Study Drug Regimen in the Past Month
NCT00089505 (9) [back to overview]	Time From Randomization to Virologic Failure or Death for Participants Who Had SD NVP Exposure Prior to Study Entry
NCT00090779 (9) [back to overview]	Ranked log10 HIV-1 RNA Viral Load (log10 Copies/mL) Averaged at Weeks 72 and 76 for the IT Arm and Ranked log10 HIV-1 RNA Viral Load (log10 Copies/mL) Averaged at Weeks 36 and 40 for the DT Arm
NCT00090779 (9) [back to overview]	Change in CD4 Counts Cells/mm^3 From Week 36 for IT Arm and From Week 0 for DT Arm
NCT00090779 (9) [back to overview]	Time to Meeting the Clinical, Virologic, or Immunologic Criteria for Treatment Initiation or Re-initiation
NCT00090779 (9) [back to overview]	Time to Treatment Initiation or Death
NCT00090779 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing Either a CDC Category B or C Diagnosis, CD4<200 Cells/mm^3 or CD4 Percent <14%.
NCT00090779 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants in IT Arm Off Treatment Before 36 Weeks
NCT00090779 (9) [back to overview]	Time From Study Entry in DT Arm Participants or From Week 36 in IT Arm Participants to Meeting the Clinical, Virologic, or Immunologic Criteria for Treatment Initiation or Re-initiation
NCT00090779 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Meeting Clinical, Virologic, or Immunologic Criteria for Treatment Initiation or Re-initiation
NCT00090779 (9) [back to overview]	Ranked Log10 HIV-1 RNA Viral Load (log10 Copies/mL) Averaged at 72 and 76 Weeks for the IT Arm and DT Arm
NCT00099632 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Discontinued Study Treatment Prematurely
NCT00099632 (5) [back to overview]	Severe (Grade 3) and Higher Adverse Events and Any Grade Adverse Event That Leads to a Treatment Change From First Day of Study Treatment to Week 12
NCT00099632 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With New PI-resistant Variants as Detected by Standard Composite (Bulk) Genotyping.
NCT00099632 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With New Circulating NRTI-resistant Variants Detected by Standard Composite (Bulk) Genotyping.
NCT00099632 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With New Circulating Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTI)-Resistant Variants as Detected by Standard Composite (Bulk) Genotyping
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Time to Death Alone or Death Plus Life Threatening Stage C Events or HIV Events Associated With Permanent End-organ Damage.
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Experienced Regimen-limiting ART Drug Toxicity
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Experienced Immunological Failure Defined as Failure of CD4% to Reach 20% or CD4% Falls Below 20% on Two Occasions, Within 4 Weeks, at Any Time After the First 24 Weeks of Therapy (Initial Therapy or Restart)
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Experienced Clinical Failure (Defined as Development of Severe CDC Stage B or Stage C Disease.) on Therapy.
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Children Experiencing Severe CDC Stage B or Stage C Disease or Death (Cumulative After 3.5 Years)
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Hospitalization Rates
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Duration of Hospitalisation
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Experienced Virological Failure Defined as Confirmed HIV-1 RNA Value of at Least 10,000 Copies Per/ml Recorded on Two Consecutive Separate Occasions After 24 Weeks of Treatment (Initial Therapy or Restart)
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Time From Randomization to Starting or Needing to Start Continuous Therapy
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Time to Failure of First Line Therapy or Death
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Time to First Hospitalization
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Total Occurrence of Grade 3 or 4 Clinical Events
NCT00102960 (13) [back to overview]	Total Occurrence of Grade 3 or 4 Laboratory Events
NCT00105079 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Who Discontinued Treatment Due to Abnormal Laboratory Parameters
NCT00105079 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Cluster Differentiation Antigen 4 Positive (CD4+) Lymphocyte Count
NCT00105079 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in HIV-1 RNA Viral Load
NCT00105079 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With HIV-1 RNA Viral Load <50 and <400 Copies/mL
NCT00105079 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Viral Load <50 Copies/mL
NCT00105079 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Assessed for Adverse Events (AEs)
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	The Proportion of Women Who Develop One or More New NVP Resistance Mutations as Identified by Consensus Sequencing or Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay in Plasma (Sampling Was Done at Days 10,21,30, and Weeks 5,6, and 8 Postpartum).
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	Area Under the Curve Pharmacokinetic Outcome for LPV/r. (AUC ug*hr/mL)
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	Four (4) Hour Concentration Pharmacokinetic Outcome for LPV/r (C4hour ug/mL).
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	Maximum Concentration Pharmacokinetic Outcome for LPV/r (Cmax ug/mL) .
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	Median HIV-1 Viral Load at 24 Weeks Postpartum in Women
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	Pre-dose Concentration Pharmacokinetic Outcome for LPV/r (Cpredose ug/mL).
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	Resistance Mutations in HIV Infected Infants
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	The Proportion of Women in Each Randomized Arm Who Have One or More New NVP Resistance Mutations as Identified by Consensus Sequencing or Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay (OLA) in Plasma
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	The Proportion of Women in Each Randomized Arm Who Have One or More New NVP Resistance Mutations for the Subgroup of Women With Plasma HIV RNA >= 500 Copies/ml At Entry
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	Proportion of Women With New NVP Resistance Mutation Within 8 Weeks Postpartum Who Had a NVP Resistance Mutation Detected at 72 Weeks Postpartum.
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	The Proportion of Women With Any New ZDV, ddI, or LPV/r Resistance Mutations.
NCT00109590 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Women With Grade >=3 Events After Start of Study Treatment
NCT00145795 (10) [back to overview]	Rates of ex Vivo T Cell Apoptosis: CD4+ Memory Cell Population [6 Months]
NCT00145795 (10) [back to overview]	Rates of ex Vivo T Cell Apoptosis: CD4+ Memory Cell Population [3 Months]
NCT00145795 (10) [back to overview]	Immune Reconstitution [6 Months]
NCT00145795 (10) [back to overview]	Immune Reconstitution [3 Months]
NCT00145795 (10) [back to overview]	Clinical HIV-related Events
NCT00145795 (10) [back to overview]	Rates of ex Vivo T Cell Apoptosis: CD4+ naïve Cell Population [3 Months]
NCT00145795 (10) [back to overview]	Rates of Virologic Failure
NCT00145795 (10) [back to overview]	Rates of ex Vivo T Cell Apoptosis: CD8+ Cell Population [6 Months]
NCT00145795 (10) [back to overview]	Rates of ex Vivo T Cell Apoptosis: CD8+ Cell Population [3 Months]
NCT00145795 (10) [back to overview]	Rates of ex Vivo T Cell Apoptosis: CD4+ naïve Cell Population [6 Months]
NCT00255840 (1) [back to overview]	Cumulative Treatment Failure Rate of Participants on First Line Antiretroviral Therapy Monitored by Primary Health Care Nurses (Investigative Arm)is Not Inferior to the Cumulative Treatment Failure Rate of Participants Monitored by Doctors (Control Arm).
NCT00262522 (4) [back to overview]	Percentage of Subjects With Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Levels < 50 Copies/mL at Week 96
NCT00262522 (4) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline to Week 96 in CD4+ T Cell Counts
NCT00262522 (4) [back to overview]	Percentage of Subjects With Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Levels < 50 Copies/mL at Week 48
NCT00262522 (4) [back to overview]	Percentage of Subjects With Adverse Events of Diarrhea During the First 8 Weeks
NCT00270296 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Virologic Suppression
NCT00270296 (2) [back to overview]	Number of HIV+ Infants
NCT00307151 (9) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Experiencing Virologic Failure
NCT00307151 (9) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants With Treatment Failure, Defined as a Confirmed Virologic Failure or Permanent Discontinuation of the Randomized NNRTI or PI Component of Study Treatment
NCT00307151 (9) [back to overview]	Time From Randomization to Death
NCT00307151 (9) [back to overview]	Time From Randomization to HIV-related Disease Progression or Death
NCT00307151 (9) [back to overview]	Time From Randomization to Treatment Failure, Defined as Virologic Failure or Permanent Discontinuation of the Randomized NNRTI or PI Component of Study Treatment
NCT00307151 (9) [back to overview]	Time From Randomization to Virologic Failure
NCT00307151 (9) [back to overview]	Time From Start of Study Treatment to First New Grade >=3 Lab Abnormality, Sign or Symptom Occurring on Study Treatment
NCT00307151 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Developing New NRTI, NNRTI or PI-resistant Virus
NCT00307151 (9) [back to overview]	Change in CD4 Percent From Entry to Week 48
NCT00342355 (2) [back to overview]	Progression to AIDS or Death in tx naïve Pts With Adv HIV dx in the Four Randomly Assigned Regimens.
NCT00342355 (2) [back to overview]	Serious Adverse Events
NCT00357552 (11) [back to overview]	Probability of Grade 3 or 4 Sign or Symptom, or Laboratory Toxicity Over 24 Weeks on Study.
NCT00357552 (11) [back to overview]	Percentage of Subjects Reporting Not Skipping Medications in the Last Month.
NCT00357552 (11) [back to overview]	Proportion of Participants With Plasma HIV-1 RNA Levels < 400 Copies/mL From Baseline to Week 104
NCT00357552 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Screened Subjects With at Least One NNRTI, or NRTI-associated Resistance Mutation at A5230 Screening.
NCT00357552 (11) [back to overview]	Level of HIV-1 RNA as Ascertained From Paired DBS and Plasma
NCT00357552 (11) [back to overview]	Time to Treatment Failure, Defined as the First Occurrence of Death, Disease Progression, or Virologic Failure.
NCT00357552 (11) [back to overview]	Time to First New Grade 3 or 4 Sign or Symptom or Laboratory Toxicity Following LPV/r Intensification
NCT00357552 (11) [back to overview]	Percentage of Enrolled Participants With Virologic Success at Week 24 on LPV/r Monotherapy
NCT00357552 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects With at Least One New PI-associated Resistance Mutation at Time of Virologic Failure.
NCT00357552 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Study-targeted Diagnoses and Clinical Events
NCT00357552 (11) [back to overview]	Change in CD4+ Cell Counts From Study Entry to Week 104
NCT00358917 (5) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With New Primary Protease Mutations at Week 48
NCT00358917 (5) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Levels < 50 Copies/Milliliter (mL) at Week 48
NCT00358917 (5) [back to overview]	Virologic Response (HIV-1 RNA <50 Copies/mL) at Week 48 for Participants With 0-2 Protease Inhibitor Substitutions at Baseline Associated With Reduced Response to Lopinavir/Ritonavir
NCT00358917 (5) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Responding at Week 48 Based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Time to Loss of Virologic Response (TLOVR) Algorithm
NCT00358917 (5) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline to Week 48 in Cluster of Differentiation 4 Single-Positive Thymocyte (CD4+ T) Cell Counts
NCT00413153 (9) [back to overview]	Fasting Glucose
NCT00413153 (9) [back to overview]	Immune Parameters -- CD4 Count
NCT00413153 (9) [back to overview]	Insulin Sensitivity
NCT00413153 (9) [back to overview]	Lipid Metabolism - Serum Triglyceride
NCT00413153 (9) [back to overview]	Liver Enzymes -- Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
NCT00413153 (9) [back to overview]	Liver Enzymes -- Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)
NCT00413153 (9) [back to overview]	Total Bilirubin
NCT00413153 (9) [back to overview]	Body Composition - Visceral Adipose Tissue
NCT00413153 (9) [back to overview]	Glucose Trafficking
NCT00414518 (3) [back to overview]	Viral Set Point
NCT00414518 (3) [back to overview]	Plasma HIV-1 Viral Load (Copies/ml) at Week 24 as Compared Between the Two Arms
NCT00414518 (3) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing Either an AIDS-defining Event, a Grade 3 or 4 Adverse Event, or Acute Retroviral Syndrome
NCT00427297 (4) [back to overview]	Incidence of Severe Adverse Events (Excluding Mortality)
NCT00427297 (4) [back to overview]	Immunologic Failure
NCT00427297 (4) [back to overview]	Incidence of Mortality
NCT00427297 (4) [back to overview]	Viral Failure
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Serious LAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Clinical Adverse Experiences (CAEs) Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum Cholesterol at Week 12
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum Cholesterol at Week 24
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) at Week 12
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) at Week 24
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) at Week 12
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) at Week 24
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) at Week 12
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) at Week 24
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Median Percent Change From Baseline in Serum Triglyceride at Week 12
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Median Percent Change From Baseline in Serum Triglyceride at Week 24
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) RiboNucleic Acid (RNA) <50 Copies/mL at Week 24
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients That Died by 24 Week Last Patient Last Visit
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients That Discontinued Due to CAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients That Discontinued Due to Drug Related CAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients That Discontinued Due to LAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients That Discontinued With Drug Related LAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Drug-related CAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Drug-related Laboratory Adverse Experiences (LAEs) Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Laboratory Adverse Experiences (LAEs) Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Serious CAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443703 (23) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Serious Drug-related CAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum Cholesterol at Week 12
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum Cholesterol at Week 24
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Serious Drug-related CAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Serious CAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Laboratory Adverse Experiences (LAEs) Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Drug-related LAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Drug-related CAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Clinical Adverse Experiences (CAEs) Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Patients That Discontinued Due to LAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Patients That Discontinued Due to CAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Patients That Died by 24 Week Last Patient Last Visit
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) RiboNucleic Acid (RNA) <50 Copies/mL at Week 24
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Median Percent Change From Baseline in Serum Triglyceride at Week 24
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Serious LAEs Through 24 Weeks
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Median Percent Change From Baseline in Serum Triglyceride at Week 12
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Non-high-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) at Week 24
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Non-high-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) at Week 12
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) at Week 24
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) at Week 12
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) at Week 24
NCT00443729 (21) [back to overview]	Mean Percent Change From Baseline in Fasting Serum High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) at Week 12
NCT00474201 (1) [back to overview]	Gemfibrozil Area Under the Concentration vs. Time Curve (AUC)
NCT00571961 (1) [back to overview]	Buprenorphine Area Under the Curve With LPV/r (ng/mL*hr)
NCT00608569 (8) [back to overview]	CD4 Count at Follow-up Visits
NCT00608569 (8) [back to overview]	Time to First Grade 3 or 4 Lab or Sign/Symptom Event
NCT00608569 (8) [back to overview]	Adherence to Second Line HAART Regimen
NCT00608569 (8) [back to overview]	Time to First Grade 3 or 4 Lab Event
NCT00608569 (8) [back to overview]	Confirmed Virologic Failure at or Prior to Week 48
NCT00608569 (8) [back to overview]	Confirmed Virologic Failure at or Prior to Week 24
NCT00608569 (8) [back to overview]	CD8 Count at Follow-up Visits
NCT00608569 (8) [back to overview]	Time to First Grade 3 or 4 Sign or Symptom
NCT00632970 (1) [back to overview]	Absolute Change in CD4 Cell Counts
NCT00654147 (6) [back to overview]	Study Medication Toxicity-related Discontinuation .
NCT00654147 (6) [back to overview]	Time to Confirmed Virologic Failure
NCT00654147 (6) [back to overview]	Time to Virologic Failure
NCT00654147 (6) [back to overview]	Study Medication Tolerability
NCT00654147 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline CD4+ and CD8+ Cell Counts
NCT00654147 (6) [back to overview]	Weeks to HIV-1 RNA <200 Copies/ml
NCT00700115 (2) [back to overview]	To Compare Plasma Triglyceride Levels at 48 Weeks Between LPV/r + RAL and Standard HAART Treated Subjects
NCT00700115 (2) [back to overview]	Plasma Viral Loads (HIV-1 RNA PCR)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Alkaline Phosphatase (Units/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Aspartate Aminotransferase (Units/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Basophils (x 10^9/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Bicarbonate (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Blood Urea Nitrogen (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Calcium (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Calculated Creatinine Clearance (Milliliters/Second)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Chest Measurement (cm)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Chloride (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Cholesterol (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Creatine Phosphokinase (Units/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Creatinine (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in DEXA Scan of Lower Extremity Lean Mass (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Bone Mineral Content (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Bone Mineral Density (Grams/cm^2)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Lower Extremity Fat (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Lower Extremity Total Mass (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Total Body Fat (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Total Body Lean Mass (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Total Body Mass (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Trunk Fat (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Trunk Lean Mass (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Trunk Mass (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Upper Extremity Fat (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Upper Extremity Lean Mass (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Upper Extremity Total Mass (Grams)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Eosinophils (x 10^9/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Fasting Glucose (Millimoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Hematocrit (Fraction)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Hemoglobin (Grams/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL) (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Hips Measurement (cm)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Inorganic Phosphate (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Insulin (Picomoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Interleukin-6 (Nanograms/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Lactate (Millimoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Lactate Dehydrogenase (Units/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Leptin (Nanograms/Milliliter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Lipase (Units/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL): High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Ratio (Ratio)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Lymphocytes (x 10^9/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Magnesium (Millimoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Mid-Arm Measurement (cm)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Mid-Thigh Measurement (cm)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Monocytes (x 10^9/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Neutrophils (x 10^9/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Platelet Count (x 10^9/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Potassium (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Red Blood Cell Count (x 10^12/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Sitting Diastolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Sitting Heart Rate (Beats Per Minute)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Sitting Systolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Sodium (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1 (Picograms/Milliliter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-2 (Picograms/Milliliter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Temperature (°F)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Total Bilirubin (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Total Protein (Grams/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Triglycerides (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Uric Acid (Micromoles/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Urine pH
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Urine Specific Gravity
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Waist Measurement (cm)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Weight (kg)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in White Blood Cell Count (x 10^9/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Developed Resistance, Defined Conservatively, to Lopinavir
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Responding (Plasma HIV-1 Ribonucleic Acid [RNA] Levels Less Than 40 Copies/Milliliter [mL]) at Week 48 Based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Time to Loss of Virologic Response (TLOVR) Algorithm
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Score on Effectiveness Scale of Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Score on Global Satisfaction Scale of Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Score on Side Effects Scale of Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Time to Loss of Virologic Response - Percentage of Participants Still Categorized as Responders at Day 672
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change in CD4+ T-Cell Counts From Baseline to Each Visit
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Developed Resistance to Each Drug in the Study Regimen, as Defined by the International AIDS Society-USA (IAS-USA) Panel.
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Responding (Plasma HIV-1 RNA Levels Below 40 Copies/Milliliter [mL]) at Each Visit Based on the FDA Time to Loss of Virologic Response (TLOVR) Algorithm
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Moderate or Severe Treatment-emergent, Drug-related Adverse Events
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Primary Outcome: Percentage of Participants With Potentially Clinically Significant Laboratory Values
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline on Mental Component of Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline on Physical Component Score of the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Adiponectin (Micrograms/Milliliter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Alanine Aminotransferase (Units/Liter)
NCT00711009 (82) [back to overview]	Mean Change From Baseline in Albumin (Grams/Liter)
NCT00752856 (4) [back to overview]	Viral Suppression Efficacy at 48 Weeks
NCT00752856 (4) [back to overview]	Compare Early Activated CD4+ T-cell Recovery Rates From Baseline to Week 4.
NCT00752856 (4) [back to overview]	Compare Late Activated CD4+ T-cell Recovery Rates Between Treatment Regimens From Baseline to Week 48
NCT00752856 (4) [back to overview]	To Compare the Phase 1 Viral Decay Rates Between LPV/r + RAL vs. EFV/TDF/FTC Treatment Combinations.
NCT00762320 (10) [back to overview]	Lopinavir (Lpv) and Ritonavir (Rtv) Cmax at 4 Weeks
NCT00762320 (10) [back to overview]	Absolute CD4 and CD4 %
NCT00762320 (10) [back to overview]	Symptoms Across All Patients
NCT00762320 (10) [back to overview]	Lopinavir and Ritonavir AUC on Low Dose Tablet
NCT00762320 (10) [back to overview]	Lopinavir and Ritonavir Area Under the Curve (AUC) Liquid Kaletra
NCT00762320 (10) [back to overview]	Lopinavir (Lpv) and Ritonavir (Rtv) Maximumu Plasma Concentration (CMax) Liquid
NCT00762320 (10) [back to overview]	Viral Load (VL)
NCT00762320 (10) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction
NCT00762320 (10) [back to overview]	Parent Satisfaction
NCT00762320 (10) [back to overview]	Lopinavir AUC Ratio of Baseline:Week 4
NCT00775606 (6) [back to overview]	Naive, Central Memory, Effector Memory, and T Reg CD4+ T-cell Frequency
NCT00775606 (6) [back to overview]	Naive, Central Memory, Effector Memory, and T Reg CD4+ T-cell Frequency
NCT00775606 (6) [back to overview]	CD4+ (Cluster of Differentiation 4) T-cell Apoptosis
NCT00775606 (6) [back to overview]	CD4+ T-cell Change
NCT00775606 (6) [back to overview]	Activated and Regulatory CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell Frequencies
NCT00775606 (6) [back to overview]	Activation and Proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell Frequencies
NCT00810108 (1) [back to overview]	Lopinavir Area Under the Curve (AUC)
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Less Than 50 Copies/mL of HIV-1 RNA
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Less Than 400 Copies/mL of HIV-1 RNA
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With HIV-1 RNA Tropism Status Using Trofile Assay
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	HIV-1 RNA Levels at Baseline
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in HIV-1 RNA Levels of First 15 Participants at Days 4, 7, 10 and 14
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Maraviroc
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Cluster of Differentiation 8+T Lymphocyte (CD8) Cell Count at Weeks 16, 24, 48 and 96
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Cluster of Differentiation 4+T Lymphocyte (CD4) Cell Counts at Weeks 16, 24, 48 and 96
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Time to Loss of Virological Response (TLOVR)
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Plasma Human Immuno Deficiency Virus-1 Ribonucleic Acid (HIV-1 RNA) Levels Less Than 50 Copies/Milliliter (mL)
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Phenotypic Resistance
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Genotypic Resistance
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Average Observed Plasma Concentration (Cavg) of Maraviroc
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Minimum Observed Plasma Concentration (Cmin) of Maraviroc
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Plasma log10 Viral Load at Weeks 16, 24, 48 and 96
NCT00827112 (16) [back to overview]	Time-Averaged Difference (TAD) in log10 Viral Load
NCT00884793 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Who Experienced an Increase in CD4% in the Ileum.
NCT00884793 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Who Experienced an Increase in CD4+ T Cells (as a % of All Cells) in the Ileum.
NCT00884793 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Who Had a Decrease in HIV RNA Per Million CD4+ T Cells in the Ileum
NCT00884793 (4) [back to overview]	"Average Change in Activated (CD38+HLADR+) CD8+ T Cells in the Ileum"
NCT00885664 (11) [back to overview]	IL-4
NCT00885664 (11) [back to overview]	TNF Alpha
NCT00885664 (11) [back to overview]	Symptom Score
NCT00885664 (11) [back to overview]	SF-12 Mental Capacity Score
NCT00885664 (11) [back to overview]	INF Gamma
NCT00885664 (11) [back to overview]	IL-7
NCT00885664 (11) [back to overview]	IL-8
NCT00885664 (11) [back to overview]	SF-12 Physical Capacity Score
NCT00885664 (11) [back to overview]	IL-1 Beta
NCT00885664 (11) [back to overview]	IL-6
NCT00885664 (11) [back to overview]	IL-10
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Development of Metabolic Syndrome
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Gain in CD4 Cells Between Baseline and W48
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Discontinuing Study Treatment
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With HIV Plasma Viral Load < 200 Copies/ml
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With HIV Plasma Viral Load < 50 Copies/ml
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Resistance Mutations
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With WHO Stage 3 and 4 HIV Related Events
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Patients With Plasma HIV RNA < 200 Copies/ml
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Tolerance: Equal or Superior to a 25% Reduction in eGFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate)
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Tolerance: Gastrointestinal Complains
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Tolerance: Neuropathies (Grade 1 to 4)
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Adherence
NCT00928187 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Plasma HIV RNA < 50 Copies/mL
NCT00931463 (5) [back to overview]	Participants With Plasma HIV RNA < 200 Copies/mL 48 Weeks After Randomization
NCT00931463 (5) [back to overview]	Participants With Plasma HIV RNA < 200 Copies/mL 48 Weeks After Randomization, Per-protocol Population
NCT00931463 (5) [back to overview]	Participants With Plasma HIV RNA < 200 Copies/mL 48 Weeks After Randomization, Per-protocol Population, Baseline VL >100,000 Copies Per mL
NCT00931463 (5) [back to overview]	Participants With Plasma HIV RNA < 200 Copies/mL 48 Weeks After Randomization, Per-protocol Population, Non-completer Classed as Failure
NCT00931463 (5) [back to overview]	Participants With Plasma HIV RNA < 200 Copies/mL 48 Weeks After Randomization, Per-protocol Population, VL Less Than or Equal to 100,000 Copies Per mL
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Clinical Chemistry Paramaters- Albumin and Total Protein
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte Cell Count at Day1 and Day 8.
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Assessment of the Achievement of Pre-dose GSK2248761 Steady State Concentration Following Repeat Dose Administration on Day 2 Through 7
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Accumulation Ratio for AUC , Cmax, Cτ, and Time Invariance Ratio Following Repeat Administration
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	HIV-1 Rate of Decline by Treatment
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	GSK2248761 PK Parameters Following Dose Administration on Day 7: Tmax
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	GSK2248761 PK Parameters Following Dose Administration on Day 7: t1/2
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	GSK2248761 PK Parameters Following Dose Administration on Day 7: AUC(0-τ)
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	GSK2248761 PK Parameters Following Dose Administration on Day 1: Apparent Clearance (CL/F)
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline to Nadir in Plasma HIV-1 RNA
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline Through Day 8 in Plasma HIV-1 RNA
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Clinical Chemistry Paramaters-sodium, Potassium and Carbondioxide or Bicarbonate
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	PK Data of Day 1 AUC(0-inf) and Day 7 AUC(0-tau) at Different Doses for the Assessment of Dose Proportionality
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	PK Data of Cmax and Ctau at Different Doses for the Assessment of Dose Proportionality
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Percent Change From Baseline in CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte Cell Count at Day 1 and Day 8
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) and Adverse Events (AEs)
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Abnormal Electrocardiogram (ECG) Findings
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	GSK2248761 PK Parameters Following Dose Administration on Day 7: Predose Concentration (C0), Concentration at End of Dosing Interval (Cτ), Minimum Observed Concentration During One Dosing Interval (Cmin) and Cmax
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	GSK2248761 PK Parameters Following Dose Administration on Day 1: Time to Maximum Observed Concentration (Tmax), Terminal Half-life (t1/2), Absorption Lag Time (Tlag)
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	GSK2248761 PK Parameters Following Dose Administration on Day 1: Maximum Observed Concentration (Cmax) and Concentration at 24 Hours Post Dose (C24)
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	GSK2248761 Pharmacokinetic (PK) Parameters Following Dose Administration on Day 1: Area Under the Plasma Concentration Time Curve 0 to Infinite (AUC[0-∞]) and Area Under the Plasma Concentration Time Curve (AUC [0-24])
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Vital Signs-systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in HR
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Hematology Parameters- Total Neutrophil
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Hematology Paramaters-Mean Corpuscle Hemoglobin Concentration
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Hematology Paramaters- Red Blood Cell Count
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Hematology Paramaters- Platelet Count
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Hematology Paramaters- Mean Corpuscle Volume (MCV)
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Hematology Paramaters- Mean Corpuscle Hemoglobin (MCH)
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Hematology Paramaters- Hemoglobin
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Hematology Paramaters- Hematocrit
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Hematology Paramaters- Basophils, Eosinophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, White Blood Cell Count
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Clinical Chemistry Parameters- Blood Urea Nitrogen, Triglycerides, Glucose, Creatinine, Calcium, Cholesterol, Total Bilirubin, and Direct Bilirubin.
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Clinical Chemistry Paramaters- Uric Acid
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Clinical Chemistry Paramaters- Thyroxine, Free
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Clinical Chemistry Paramaters- Thyroxine Total, Thyroxine Binding Globulin, Total T3.
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Clinical Chemistry Paramaters- Phosphorus
NCT00945282 (38) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Clinical Chemistry Paramaters- Alkaline Phosphatase, Alanine Amino Transferase, Aspartate Amino Transferase
NCT00978068 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Uncomplicated Malaria Episodes With Accompanying Adverse Events That Occurred in the 28 Days Following Antimalarial Therapy
NCT00978068 (6) [back to overview]	Incidence-density of Malaria Defined as the Number of Incident Episodes of Complicated Malaria Per Time at Risk.
NCT00978068 (6) [back to overview]	Estimates of the 6-month Risk of a First Episode of Malaria
NCT00978068 (6) [back to overview]	28-day Risk of Recurrent Parasitemia
NCT00978068 (6) [back to overview]	63-day Risk of Recurrent Malaria
NCT00978068 (6) [back to overview]	Incidence-density of Malaria Defined as the Number of Incident Episodes of Malaria Per Time at Risk.
NCT00985543 (2) [back to overview]	Adverse Events
NCT00985543 (2) [back to overview]	Plasma Lopinavir/Ritonavir Concentrations as Measured by the Area Under the Curve (AUC 0-12h).
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Maternal HIV RNA Suppression of <400 Copies/mL
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Maternal Malaria Defined as the Number of Treatments for New Episodes of Malaria Per Time at Risk During Pregnancy
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Grade 3 or 4 Toxicity in the Two Treatment Groups in Women
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Pre-eclampsia Defined by Hypertension > 140/90 on Two Occasions Measured > 6 Hours Apart With ≥1+ Proteinuria on Clean Catch Urine Dipstick
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Maternal to Child Transmission of HIV, Measured by Infant HIV DNA PCR
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	ART Levels in Hair Samples at Delivery
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Change in Maternal CD4 Cell Counts
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Severe Maternal Anemia Defined by Hemoglobin < 8g/dl at Any Point During the Trial in Each Treatment Group
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Placental Malaria Defined as Positive Placental RDT
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Placental Malaria Defined Placental Histopathologic Analysis
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Composite Clinical Outcome Defined by LBW, Stillbirth(Intrauterine Fetal Demise >20wks GA), Late Spontaneous Abortion(Miscarriage 12-20wks GA), Preterm Delivery(<37wks Gestation), Neonatal Death(Death of Liveborn Infant Within First 28days)
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Malaria Defined as Positive Placental Blood PCR
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Malaria Defined as Positive Placental Blood Smear
NCT00993031 (14) [back to overview]	Maternal Malaria Defined as the Number of Treatments for New Episodes of Malaria Per Time at Risk After Pregnancy
NCT01003990 (1) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), Treatment Related SAEs, Treatment Related Adverse Events (AEs), AEs Leading to Discontinuation of Study Therapy, Grade 3 to Grade 4 AEs, Grade 3 to Grade 4 AEs, CDC Class C AIDS Events, or Death
NCT01057433 (1) [back to overview]	Area Under the Curve From Time 0 to Tau (AUC 0-τ)
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Antepartum Component: Number of Mothers With Obstetrical Complications
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Antepartum Component: Number of Mothers With Obstetrical Complications
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Antepartum Component: Probability of Overall and HIV-free Infant Survival Until 104 Weeks of Age, by Antepartum Arm (in Conjunction With Infants in the Postpartum Component)
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Antepartum Component: Probability of Overall and HIV-free Infant Survival Until 104 Weeks of Age, by Antepartum Arm (in Conjunction With Infants in the Postpartum Component)
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Postpartum Component: Proportion of Infants Alive Through 12 and 24 Months Post-delivery
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Antepartum Component: Maternal HIV RNA Less Than 400 Copies/mL at Delivery
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Incidence Rate of Cardiovascular or Other Metabolic Events
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Postpartum Component: Adherence to the Maternal and/or Infant ARV Regimens, as Measured by Maternal Report and Hair Measures
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Antepartum Component: Number of Mothers With Grade 3 or Higher Toxicities and Selected Grade 2 Hematologic, Renal, and Hepatic Adverse Events
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Antepartum Component: Number of Mothers With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (e.g.,Stillbirth, Preterm Delivery (< 37 Weeks), Low Birth Weight (< 2,500 Grams), and Congenital Anomalies)
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Antepartum Component: Number of Mothers With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (e.g.,Stillbirth, Preterm Delivery (< 37 Weeks), Low Birth Weight (< 2,500 Grams), and Congenital Anomalies)
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Postpartum Component: Proportion of Mother-Infant Pairs With no Death or HIV Diagnosis Through 24 Months Post-delivery
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Postpartum Component: Incidence of Grade 3 or Higher Adverse Events and Selected Grade 2 Hematologic, Renal, and Hepatic Adverse Events
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Postpartum Component: Incidence of Confirmed Infant HIV Infection
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Toxicity: Incidence of Grade 3 or Greater Laboratory Results or Signs and Symptoms and Selected Grade 2 Hematologic, Renal, and Hepatic Laboratory Results
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Other Targeted Medical Conditions
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Incidence Rate of Progression to AIDS-defining Illness, Death, or a Serious Non-AIDS Cardiovascular, Hepatic, or Renal Event
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Incidence Rate of Death or Any Condition of Particular Concern
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Incidence of Tuberculosis
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Incidence of Progression to AIDS-defining Illness or Death
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Incidence of HIV/AIDS-related Events
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Incidence of HIV/AIDS-related Event or Death
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Incidence of Death
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Antepartum Component: Number of Confirmed Infant HIV Infections
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Antepartum Component: Number of Infant HIV Infections
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Incidence of AIDS-defining Illness
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Maternal Health Component: Incidence of HIV/AIDS-related Event or World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Stage 2 or 3 Events
NCT01061151 (28) [back to overview]	Antepartum Component: Number of Mothers With Grade 3 or Higher Toxicities and Selected Grade 2 Hematologic, Renal, and Hepatic Adverse Events
NCT01068873 (1) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With HIV RNA < 50 and <400 Copies/ml.
NCT01074931 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Missed Doses, Interrupt or Discontinue Regimen, and Experience Changes in Dosage or of Combination Regimen
NCT01074931 (6) [back to overview]	Adverse Events Observed and Development of Lipodystrophy Lesion and Their Locations
NCT01074931 (6) [back to overview]	Evolution of CD4 Count
NCT01074931 (6) [back to overview]	Evolution of the HIV Viral Response
NCT01074931 (6) [back to overview]	Evolution of the Tolerance Issues
NCT01074931 (6) [back to overview]	The Duration on Treatment Until Development of an Adverse Event Leading to Treatment Discontinuation or Until Escape From Treatment
NCT01076972 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Included in Each Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Classification Category for HIV-infected Adults and Adolescents
NCT01076972 (4) [back to overview]	Cluster of Differentiation 4 Lymphocyte Count (CD4)
NCT01076972 (4) [back to overview]	Mean Number of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Copies Per Milliliter (mL) Using a Logarithmic (Base 10) Transformation at Each Visit
NCT01076972 (4) [back to overview]	Total Number of Patients With Adverse Drug Reactions
NCT01076985 (1) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs)
NCT01083810 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients With HIV-1 RNA 50 to <200 Copies/ml
NCT01083810 (6) [back to overview]	Change in Absolute CD4 Cell Count [CD4+ Cells/µL]
NCT01083810 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Virus That Develop Mutations Conferring Resistance to Lopinavir/Ritonavir, NRTIs or NNRTIs
NCT01083810 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients With HIV-1 RNA <50 Copies/ml
NCT01083810 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients With HIV-1 RNA >500 Copies/ml
NCT01083810 (6) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients With HIV-1 RNA 200 to <500 Copies/ml
NCT01095094 (2) [back to overview]	Progression-free Survival
NCT01095094 (2) [back to overview]	Grade 3-5 Toxicity as Assessed by NCI CTC v3.0
NCT01146873 (5) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Percentage at 48 Weeks After Randomization
NCT01146873 (5) [back to overview]	Highest Grade ALT After Randomization
NCT01146873 (5) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Elevated Total Cholesterol, Elevated LDL, Abnormal HDL, or Abnormal Triglycerides at 40 Weeks After Randomization
NCT01146873 (5) [back to overview]	Viral Failure
NCT01146873 (5) [back to overview]	Viral Rebound
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Viral Load
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	CD4 Cell Count
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01153269 (42) [back to overview]	Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Parameters
NCT01154673 (1) [back to overview]	Change in Proviral HIV-1 DNA in Total CD4+ T-cells From Baseline to Week 48 in Participants Randomized to the Intensified Arm Versus the Control Arm Who Received Placebo in Addition to Standard HAART.
NCT01172535 (10) [back to overview]	Clearance of Lopinavir/Ritonavir (CL/F)
NCT01172535 (10) [back to overview]	Adherence
NCT01172535 (10) [back to overview]	Treatment Efficacy (CD4%)
NCT01172535 (10) [back to overview]	Lopinovir/Ritonavir Area Under the Concentration-time Curve (AUC0-24)
NCT01172535 (10) [back to overview]	Maximum Concentration of Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Cmax)
NCT01172535 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing Adverse Events of Grade 3 or 4
NCT01172535 (10) [back to overview]	Proportion of Participants Tolerating LPV/r
NCT01172535 (10) [back to overview]	Proportion of Participants With an AUC of Less Than 10% of Adults
NCT01172535 (10) [back to overview]	Treatment Efficacy (HIV Viral Load)
NCT01172535 (10) [back to overview]	Minimum Concentration of Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Cmin)
NCT01352715 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Grade 3 or Higher Adverse Event (AE) at Least One Grade Higher Than Baseline
NCT01352715 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Time Spent in Hospital
NCT01352715 (9) [back to overview]	Changes in Fasting Total Cholesterol, High-density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol, Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and Glucose From Baseline
NCT01352715 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Protease, Reverse Transcriptase, and Integrase in Participants With Virologic Failure at Baseline and at Time of Virologic Failure
NCT01352715 (9) [back to overview]	Change in CD4+ Cell Count From Baseline to Week 48
NCT01352715 (9) [back to overview]	Cumulative Probability of Virologic Failure by Week 48
NCT01352715 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Discontinuing Randomized Treatment for Toxicity
NCT01352715 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With a New AIDS-defining Events or Death
NCT01352715 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With a Targeted Serious Non-AIDS-defining Event or Death
NCT01513122 (6) [back to overview]	Mean Total Body Fat Changes From Baseline to 48 Weeks as Measured by DXA Scan
NCT01513122 (6) [back to overview]	Mean Total Cholesterol Changes From Baseline to 48 Weeks
NCT01513122 (6) [back to overview]	Mean Triglycerides Changes From Baseline to 48 Weeks
NCT01513122 (6) [back to overview]	Mean Bone Mineral Density Changes From Baseline to 48 Weeks as Measured by DXA Scan
NCT01513122 (6) [back to overview]	Mean Limbs Fat Changes From Baseline to 48 Weeks as Measured by DXA Scan
NCT01513122 (6) [back to overview]	Mean Glucose Changes From Baseline to 48 Weeks
NCT01516970 (4) [back to overview]	Worst Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) Score for the Safety Population
NCT01516970 (4) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Developed Detectable HIV Antibodies
NCT01516970 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)
NCT01516970 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Early Discontinuation From Randomized Human Immunodeficiency Virus Postexposure Prophylaxis (HIV PEP)
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Reporting a Grade 3 or 4 Laboratory Abnormality
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	LPV AUC in Participants Enrolled in Arms A, B, and C
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Cumulative Probability of HIV Virologic Failure at Week 72
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	CD4 Count Change From Baseline to Week 8
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	CD4 Count Change From Baseline to Week 72
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	CD4 Count Change From Baseline to Week 48
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	CD4 Count Change From Baseline to Week 24
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Experienced TB Relapse/Recurrence
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	RAL AUC in Participants Enrolled in Arm C
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Whose HIV Viral Load Was Less Than 50 Copies/mL at Week 48
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Whose HIV Viral Load Was Less Than 400 Copies/mL at Week 48.
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Interrupted or Discontinued at Least One TB Drug Due to Toxicity
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Interrupted or Discontinued at Least One HIV Drug Due to Toxicity
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Experienced TB Treatment Failure
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Experienced TB Relapse/Recurrence and Who Had TB Drug Resistance
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Experienced Sputum Conversion at Week 8.
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Experienced HIV Virologic Failure
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Experienced a New AIDS-defining Illness or Died
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Experienced a New AIDS-defining Illness
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Experienced MTB IRIS
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Reporting a Grade 3 or 4 Sign or Symptom
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	Percent of Participants Who Died
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	RBT Cmax and Cmin in Participants Enrolled in Arms A and C
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	RAL Cmax and Cmin in Participants Enrolled in Arm C
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	LPV Cmax and Cmin in Participants Enrolled in Arms A, B, and C
NCT01601626 (26) [back to overview]	RBT AUC in Participants Enrolled in Arms A and C
NCT01632891 (7) [back to overview]	Change in log10(Pf Gametocyte Density) From Entry to Day 30
NCT01632891 (7) [back to overview]	Time to First Pf SCP Clearance
NCT01632891 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Uncomplicated Clinical Malaria
NCT01632891 (7) [back to overview]	Change in log10(Pf Parasite Density) From Entry to Day 30
NCT01632891 (7) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Detectable Pf Gametocyte Density
NCT01632891 (7) [back to overview]	Proportion of Participants With Plasmodium Falciparum (Pf) Subclinical Parasitemia (SCP) Clearance
NCT01632891 (7) [back to overview]	Log10(Pf Parasite Density)
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Adherent to Treatment at Month 12
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Adherent to Treatment at Month 6
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Adherence Integration Subscale Score at Months 6 and 12
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Adherence Perseverance Subscale Score at Months 6 and 12
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Adherence Summative Score at Months 6 and 12
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Coping Self-Efficacy
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Health-related Quality of Life Cognitive Functioning Domain Score
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Health-related Quality of Life Energy/ Fatigue Domain Score
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Health-related Quality of Life General Health Perception Domain Score
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Health-related Quality of Life Mental Health Domain Score
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Health-related Quality of Life Pain Domain Score
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Health-related Quality of Life Physical Functioning Domain Score
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Health Resource Utilization
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Viral Load at Each Visit
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Healthcare Provider Satisfaction
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Health-related Quality of Life Role Functioning Domain Score
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) Positive Cell Counts at Each Visit
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Psychological Well-being
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Patient Perception of Stress
NCT01662336 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Health-related Quality of Life Social Functioning Domain Score
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Free Fraction of LPV at Hour 2 Post Dose
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	HIV Viral Load <400 Copies/mL
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Minimum Trough Concentration (Ctrough) of Lopinavir
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Plasma Clearance of Lamivudine
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Plasma Clearance of Lopinavir
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Plasma Clearance of Ritonavir
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Plasma Clearance of Zidovudine
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Steady-state Lopinavir Area Under the Curve
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Steady-state Ritonavir Area Under the Curve
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Steady-state Zidovudine Area Under the Curve
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Grade 3 or Higher Adverse Events Related to Study Drugs Through Week 24
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Steady-state Lamivudine Area Under the Curve
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Grade 3 or Higher Adverse Events Through 24 Weeks
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Change in CD4 Percent
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Change in HIV Viral Load From Baseline
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Change in Mid-upper Arm Circumference
NCT01818258 (17) [back to overview]	Change in WHO Weight-for-height Z-score
NCT02116660 (1) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
NCT02155101 (3) [back to overview]	HIV-1 RNA Viral Load
NCT02155101 (3) [back to overview]	HIV-1 RNA Viral Load
NCT02155101 (3) [back to overview]	HIV-1 RNA Viral Load
NCT02159352 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Marked Abnormalities in Hematology Laboratory Test Results
NCT02159352 (11) [back to overview]	Dose-normalized Area Under the Concentration-Time Curve in 1 Dosing Interval (AUC[TAU]/D) of Daclatasvir
NCT02159352 (11) [back to overview]	Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Cmax) for Daclatasvir
NCT02159352 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Abnormalities in Vital Sign Measurements
NCT02159352 (11) [back to overview]	Plasma Concentration Observed at 24 Hours Postdose (C24) of Daclatasvir
NCT02159352 (11) [back to overview]	Time of Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of Daclatasvir
NCT02159352 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) and Discontinuations Due to Adverse Events (AEs) and Who Died
NCT02159352 (11) [back to overview]	Dose-normalized Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration (Cmax/D) and Dose-normalized Plasma Concentration Observed at 24 Hours Postdose (C24/D) of Daclatasvir
NCT02159352 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Abnormalities in Electrocardiogram (ECG) Findings
NCT02159352 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Abnormalities in Urinalysis and Other Chemistry Testing Results
NCT02159352 (11) [back to overview]	Area Under the Concentration-Time Curve in 1 Dosing Interval (AUC[TAU]) for Daclatasvir
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in CD4+ T-cell Counts (Cells/mm^3) at Week 24
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Adverse Events
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 24: HDL
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 24: LDL
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 24: Aspartate Aminotransferase (µmol/L)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 24: Aspartate Aminotransferase (U/L)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 24: Alanine Aminotransferase (µmol/L)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 24: Alanine Aminotransferase (U/L)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in HIV-1- RNA Viral Load at Week 48 (Untransformed Data)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in HIV-1- RNA Viral Load at Week 48 (Base-10 Logarithm Transformed Data)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in CD4+ T-cell Counts (Cells/mm^3) at Week 48
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in CD4+ T-cell Counts (%) at Week 48
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in CD4+ T-cell Counts (%) at Week 24
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Anthropometric Measurements At Week 48
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Anthropometric Measurements At Week 24
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline (BL) in HIV-1- RNA Viral Load at Week 24 (Untransformed Data)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 24: Serum Creatinine
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline (BL) in HIV-1- RNA Viral Load at Week 24 (Base-10 Logarithm Transformed Data)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants on Dual Therapy (LPV/r + 3TC) With Undetectable HIV-1 RNA Level at Week 48
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants on Dual Therapy (LPV/r + 3TC) With Undetectable HIV-1 RNA Level at Week 24
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 24: Total Cholesterol
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 24: Triglycerides
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 48: Alanine Aminotransferase (U/L)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 48: Alanine Aminotransferase (µmol/L)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 48: Aspartate Aminotransferase (U/L)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 48: Aspartate Aminotransferase (µmol/L)
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 48: Glucose
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 48: HDL
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 48: Insulin
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 24: Glucose
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 24: Insulin
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 48: LDL
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 48: Serum Creatinine
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 48: Total Cholesterol
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Absolute Values and Change From Baseline in Metabolic Parameters at Week 48: Triglycerides
NCT02581202 (36) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Developed Resistance to Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs), Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs), and Protease Inhibitors (PIs)
NCT03070470 (3) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline J-Tpeakc With Balanced Ion Channel Drugs (Ranolazine, Verapamil, Lopinavir / Ritonavir)"
NCT03070470 (3) [back to overview]	QTc Shortening From Calcium Block (Diltiazem) in the Presence of hERG Block (Dofetilide)
NCT03070470 (3) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline QTc With Predominant hERG Blocking Drug (Chloroquine)"
NCT04354428 (6) [back to overview]	Time to Resolution of COVID-19 Symptom Resolution in Days
NCT04354428 (6) [back to overview]	Time to Clearance of Nasal SARS-CoV-2
NCT04354428 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Persons With Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI), Defined as Resting Blood Oxygen Saturation (SpO2<93%) Level Sustained for 2 Readings 2 Hours Apart and Presence of Subjective Dyspnea or Cough
NCT04354428 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events and Adverse Events Resulting in Treatment Discontinuation
NCT04354428 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Hospitalization or Mortality
NCT04354428 (6) [back to overview]	COVID-19-related Hospitalization Days
NCT04372628 (8) [back to overview]	Fever-free Days: Day 1 to Day 29 (Group 2 and Placebo Control Group)
NCT04372628 (8) [back to overview]	Hospital-free Days: Day 1 to Day 29 (Group 2 and Placebo Control Group)
NCT04372628 (8) [back to overview]	ICU-free Days: Day 1 to Day 29 (Group 2 and Placebo Control Group)
NCT04372628 (8) [back to overview]	Time to Hospitalization Day 1 to Day 29 (Group 2 and Placebo Control Group)
NCT04372628 (8) [back to overview]	Time to Symptom Resolution: Day 1 to Day 29 (Group 2 and Placebo Control Group)
NCT04372628 (8) [back to overview]	Vasopressor-free Days Through Study Day 29 (Group 2 and Placebo Control Group)
NCT04372628 (8) [back to overview]	Ventilator-free Days: Day 1 to Day 29 (Group 2 and Placebo Control Group)
NCT04372628 (8) [back to overview]	Oxygen-free Days: Day 1 to Day 29 (Group 2 and Placebo Control Group)

Fridericia-corrected QT (QTcF) Interval and Change From Baseline by Analysis Time Point

The QT interval is a measure of the time between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave in the heart's electrical cycle. The QT interval was corrected for heart rate using Fridericia's (QTcF) formula. (NCT00035932)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 4 predose, 2-3 hours postdose, 6-12 hours postdose, Week 12, Week 24, Week 48

Intervention	msec (Mean)
	Baseline Mean (n=119, 110, 118)	Mean Change at Week 4 predose (n=117, 104, 110)	Mean Change Wk 4 2-3 hrs postdose (n=113,102,106)	Mean Change Wk 4 6-12 hrs postdose (n=112,101,105)	Mean Change at Week 12 (n=110, 97, 107)	Mean Change at Week 24 (n=108, 92, 109)	Mean Change at Week 48 (n=89, 75, 97)
ATV 300 mg / RTV	390	-3	-2	-4	2	1	-1
ATV 400 mg / SQV	387	1	-3	-1	3	3	-1
LPV / RTV	390	-2	-7	-8	2	2	0

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n=99, 86, 100)	Mid-Study (n=103, 83, 95)	Final (n=93, 84, 96)
ATV 300 mg / RTV	0.83	0.87	0.84
ATV 400 mg / SQV	0.85	0.86	0.85
LPV / RTV	0.86	0.89	0.88

Intervention	ng/mL (Mean)
	ATV (n=40,23)	RTV (n=40,0)	SQV (n=0,19)
ATV 300 mg / RTV	719.53	154.83	NA
ATV 400 mg / SQV	312.01	NA	52.15

Intervention	percent change in lipid values (Number)
	Total Cholesterol (n=60, 46, 54)	HDL Cholesterol (n=60, 46, 54)	Fasting LDL Cholesterol (n=52, 39, 43)	Fasting Triglycerides (n=52, 40, 43)
ATV 300 mg / RTV	-7	-5	-11	-2
ATV 400 mg / SQV	-1	3	-7	4
LPV / RTV	9	7	1	30

Intervention	percent change in lipid values (Number)
	Total Cholesterol	HDL Cholesterol	Fasting LDL Cholesterol	Fasting Triglycerides
ATV 300 mg / RTV	-8	-7	-10	-4
ATV 400 mg / SQV	-4	4	-3	-14
LPV / RTV	6	2	1	30

Intervention	percent change (Number)
	Total Cholesterol	High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol	Fasting Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol	Fasting Triglycerides
ATV 300 mg / RTV	-8	-7	-10	-2
ATV 400 mg / SQV	-9	-1	-11	-14
LPV / RTV	3	0	-4	31

Intervention	log10 c/mL (Mean)
	Baseline Values	Week 24 Values	Change from Baseline at Week 24
ATV 300 mg / RTV	4.53	2.62	-1.91
ATV 400 mg / SQV	4.41	2.83	-1.57

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Neutrophil Reduction	Platelet Reduction	ALT Elevation	AST Elevation	Total Bilirubin Elevation
ATV 300 mg / RTV	8	2	5	4	58
ATV 400 mg / SQV	8	4	4	2	22
LPV / RTV	10	3	4	4	1

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Deaths (n = 120, 115, 123)	AEs leading to discontinuation (n = 119, 110, 118)	SAEs (n = 120, 115, 123)	AEs, grades 1-4 (n = 119, 110, 118)	AEs, grades 3-4 (n = 119, 110, 118)
ATV 300 mg / RTV	0	6	12	97	11
ATV 400 mg / SQV	1	8	14	93	18
LPV / RTV	1	5	11	103	12

Intervention	Pearson Correlation Coefficient (Number)
	ATV Cmin	IQ (<10; >=10)	# of PI Mutations at baseline (<4; >=4)
ATV 300 mg / RTV	-0.056	-0.391	0.306
ATV 400 mg / SQV	0.254	-0.081	0.437

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Adherent at Baseline (n=27, 25, 33)	Adherent at Week 24 (n=18, 11, 25)	Adherent at Week 48 (n=11, 4, 20)
ATV 300 mg / RTV	12	10	8
ATV 400 mg / SQV	10	5	2
LPV / RTV	18	23	13

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Overall (n=120, 115, 123)	PI Sensitive (n=88, 84, 88)	PI Resistant (n=32, 30, 33)
ATV 300 mg / RTV	77	65	12
ATV 400 mg / SQV	60	52	7
LPV / RTV	84	67	16

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Overall (n=120, 115, 123)	PI Sensitive (n=88, 83, 88)	PI Resistant (n=32, 30, 33)
ATV 300 mg / RTV	95	79	16
ATV 400 mg / SQV	74	58	15
LPV / RTV	93	72	19

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Diarrhea (Most Common)	Headache (Most Common)	Nausea (Most Common)	Jaundice (AE of Interest)	Ocular Icterus (AE of Interest)	Hyperbilirubinemia (AE of Interest)
ATV 300 mg / RTV	25	21	19	19	13	24
ATV 400 mg / SQV	29	24	24	6	3	8
LPV / RTV	54	18	15	0	0	1

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n=98, 85, 101)	Mid-Study (n=102, 83, 97)	Final (n=95, 81, 96)
ATV 300 mg / RTV	81.33	84.89	82.77
ATV 400 mg / SQV	81.72	83.34	85.80
LPV / RTV	81.52	85.09	86.16

Intervention	mcg*hr/mL (Median)
	Before contraceptive initiation	After contraceptive initiation
LPV/RTV 400/100 b.i.d. With ENG	115.97	100.20

Intervention	hour (Median)
DTG 50mg q.d.	32.8
EVG/COBI 150/150mg q.d.	7.6
DRV/COBI 800/150 mg q.d.	NA
EFV 600 mg q.d. (Outside THA)	65.6

Intervention	unitless (Median)
DRV/RTV 600 or 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/100mg b.i.d.	0.15
DTG 50mg q.d.	1.25
EVG/COBI 150/150mg q.d.	0.91
DRV/COBI 800/150 mg q.d.	0.07
ATV/COBI 300/150 mg q.d.	0.07
TFV 300mg q.d.	0.88

Intervention	unitless (Median)
TAF 10mg q.d. w/COBI	0.97
EFV 600 mg q.d. (Outside THA)	0.67
EFV 600mg q.d.	0.49
LPV/RTV Arm 3: 400/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/150mg b.i.d. Then 400/100mg b.i.d.	0.2
RAL 400mg b.i.d.	1.5
ETR 200mg b.i.d.	0.52
MVC 150 or 300mg b.i.d.	0.33
ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/100mg q.d. Then 400/100mg q.d. Then 300/100mg q.d.	0.14
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/300/100mg q.d. Then 300/400/100mg q.d Then 300/300/100mg q.d.	0.16
NFV Arm 2: 1250mg b.i.d. Then 1875mg b.i.d. Then 1250mg b.i.d.	0.19
IDV/RTV Arm 2: 400/100mg q.d. (Only THA)	0.12
RPV 25mg q.d.	0.55
ATV/RTV 300/100mg q.d. or TFV/ATV/RTV 300/300/100mg q.d.	0.18
DRV/RTV 800/100mg q.d. or DRV/RTV 600/100mg b.i.d.	0.18

Intervention	pg/mL (Median)
ATV/RTV/TFV 300/100/300mg q.d. With ENG	604
LPV/RTV 400/100 b.i.d. With ENG	428
EFV 600mg q.d. With ENG	125

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	3rd Trimester	Postpartum
EFV 600mg q.d.	20	21
MVC 150 or 300mg b.i.d.	8	7

lopinavir

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Protein Targets (99)

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Research Demand Index: 59.80

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Clinical Trials (281)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Fridericia-corrected QT (QTcF) Interval and Change From Baseline by Analysis Time Point

Mean Score of European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) Health Index Score at Baseline, Mid-Study (Week 24), and Final (Week 48)

Mean ATV, RTV and SQV Minimum Concentration (Cmin) Values

Lipid Mean Percent Change From Baseline at Week 96, Observed Values

Lipid Mean Percent Change From Baseline at Week 48

Lipid Mean Percent Change From Baseline at Week 24

HIV RNA Level - Treated Subjects With Evaluable Cmins at Week 24

Grade 3/4 Laboratory Abnormalities Through Week 48

Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (LOQ = 400 c/mL) at Week 96

Deaths, Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), and Adverse Events (AEs) Through Week 48

Correlation of ATV Minimum Plasma Concentration (Cmin), Inhibitory Quotient (IQ), and Number of Protease Inhibitor (PI) Mutations at Baseline With HIV RNA Change From Baseline at Week 24

Correlation of ATV Minimum Plasma Concentration (Cmin) Inhibitory Quotient (IQ), and Number of PI Mutations at Baseline and CD4 Cell Count Change From Baseline at Week 24

Adherence to Regimen Though Week 48 Based on MACS the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) Adherence Questionnaire

Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (LOQ = 50 c/mL) at Week 96

Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (LOQ = 50 c/mL) at Week 48

Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (LOQ = 50 c/mL) at Week 24

Mean Change From Baseline in HIV Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) at Week 24

Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 50 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 96

Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 50 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 48

Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 50 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 24

Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 400 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 96

HIV IC50 at Week 24

Fasting Glucose Mean Change From Baseline at Week 48

Fasting Glucose Mean Change From Baseline at Week 24

Change From Baseline in CD4 Cell Count at Week 96

Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 400 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 48

Change From Baseline in CD4 Cell Count at Week 24

Inhibitory Quotient at Week 24

Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (LOQ = 400 c/mL) at Week 48, (Overall and by PI Sensitivity)

Participants Achieving Virologic Half Log Suppression (Limit of Quantification [LOQ] = 400 c/mL) at Week 24 (Overall and by Protease Inhibitor [PI] Sensitivity)

Most Common AEs and AEs of Interest Through Week 48

PR Interval and Change From Baseline by Analysis Time Point

Mean Score of European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at Baseline, Mid-Study (Week 24), and Final (Week 48)

Change From Baseline in CD4 Cell Count at Week 48

Participants Achieving Treatment Response (LOQ = 400 c/mL) Without Prior Failure at Week 24

Mean Change From Baseline in HIV RNA at Week 96

Mean Change From Baseline in HIV RNA at Week 48

Mean Change From Baseline in HIV RNA at Week 2

Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) of ARVs for Contraceptive Arms

Pharmacokinetic (PK) Parameter: Infant Plasma Washout Half-life (T1/2) of ARVs and TB Drugs

PK Parameter: Cord/Maternal Blood Concentration Ratio With Median (IQR) for ARVs and TB Drugs

PK Parameter: Cord/Maternal Blood Concentration Ratio With Median (Range) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Plasma Concentration for Contraceptives

Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC24) of ARVs for Contraceptive Arms

Number of Women Who Met PK Target of Area Under the Curve (AUC) for ARVs

Number of Women Who Met PK Target of Area Under the Curve (AUC) for ARVs

Pharmacokinetic (PK) Parameter: Infant Plasma Washout Concentration of ARVs and TB Drugs

PK Parameter: Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC12) With Geometric Mean (95% CI) for ARVs and TB Drugs

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	2nd Trimester	3rd Trimester	Postpartum
ATV/RTV Arm 1: 300/100mg q.d.	1	12	12
DRV/COBI 800/150 mg q.d.	3	4	14
DRV/RTV 600 or 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 800 or 900/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/100mg b.i.d.	7	16	22
DRV/RTV 600/100mg b.i.d.	7	19	22
DRV/RTV 800/100mg q.d.	9	19	22
DTG 50mg q.d.	9	20	23
EFV 600 mg q.d. (Outside THA)	12	33	34
ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/100mg q.d. Then 400/100mg q.d. Then 300/100mg q.d.	8	29	27
ETR 200mg b.i.d.	5	13	7
EVG/COBI 150/150mg q.d.	8	10	18
FPV/RTV 700/100mg b.i.d.	8	26	22
IDV/RTV Arm 2: 400/100mg q.d. (Only THA)	10	19	26
LPV/RTV Arm 3: 400/100mg b.i.d. Then 600/150mg b.i.d. Then 400/100mg b.i.d.	9	30	27
ATV/COBI 300/150 mg q.d.	1	2	5
NFV Arm 2: 1250mg b.i.d. Then 1875mg b.i.d. Then 1250mg b.i.d.	NA	15	14
RAL 400mg b.i.d.	11	33	30
RPV 25mg q.d.	14	26	25
TAF 10mg q.d. w/COBI	15	23	22
TAF 25mg q.d.	13	23	24
TAF 25mg q.d. w/COBI or RTV Boosting	10	24	18
TFV 300mg q.d.	2	27	27
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 1: 300/300/100mg q.d.	1	11	12
TFV/ATV/RTV Arm 2: 300/300/100mg q.d. Then 300/400/100mg q.d Then 300/300/100mg q.d.	7	23	32

Intervention	mcg/mL (Median)
	2-10 hours after birth	18-28 hours after birth	36-72 hours after birth	5-9 days after birth
DRV/COBI 800/150 mg q.d.	0.35	1.43	1.87	1.72
DTG 50mg q.d.	1.73	1.53	1.00	0.06
EFV 600 mg q.d. (Outside THA)	1.1	1.0	0.9	0.4
EVG/COBI 150/150mg q.d.	0.132	0.032	0.005	0.005

Intervention	weeks (Number)
	5th percentile	10th percentile	25th percentile
NoNVP/LPV_r	12	36	132
NoNVP/NVP	24	36	NA

Intervention	cells/mm^3 (Median)
	Week 48 CD4 count change from randomization	Week 96 CD4 count change from randomization
NoNVP/LPV_r	172	256
NoNVP/NVP	172	223
NVP/LPV_r	201	278
NVP/NVP	191	291

Intervention	Percent of participants (Number)
	week 48 percent of virologic failure or death	week 96 percent of virologic failure or death
NoNVP/LPV_r	14	20
NoNVP/NVP	14	17
NVP/LPV_r	4	12
NVP/NVP	23	31

Intervention	percent of participants (Number)
	week 48 percent of full adherence in past month	week 96 percent of full adherence in past month
NoNVP/LPV_r	86	87
NoNVP/NVP	90	93
NVP/LPV_r	88	95
NVP/NVP	89	94

Intervention	Change in Log10 transformed CD4 Counts (Mean)
	IT arm (wk 60- wk 36) vs. DT arm (wk 24- wk 0)	IT arm (wk 72- wk 36) vs. DT arm (wk 36- wk 0)	IT arm (wk 84- wk 36) vs. DT arm (wk 48- wk 0)	IT arm (wk 96- wk 36) vs. DT arm (wk 60- wk 0)
DT Arm	-0.02	-0.03	-0.06	-0.02
IT Arm	-0.11	-0.10	-0.10	-0.12

Intervention	participants (Number)
7-day Lamivudine/Zidovudine (3TC/ZDV)	0
21-day Lamivudine/Zidovudine (3TC/ZDV)	2
7-day Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)	0
21-day Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)	0
7-day Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r)	0
21-day Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r)	5

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Deferred Therapy	34
Early Therapy 40 Weeks	18
Early Therapy 96 Weeks	13

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Deferred Therapy	9
Early ART for 40 Weeks	14
Early Therapy for 96 Weeks	11