corosolic acid profile

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	6918774
CHEMBL ID	391533
CHEBI ID	67895
SCHEMBL ID	335528
MeSH ID	M0293869

Synonym
corosolic acid ,
glucosol
corsolic acid
2alpha-hydroxyursolic acid
colosic acid
MLS000563488
smr000232346
CHEMBL391533 ,
chebi:67895 ,
4547-24-4
2alpha,3beta-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid
(1s,2r,4as,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12ar,12br,14bs)-10,11-dihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14b-icosahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid
bdbm50222205
2alpha,2beta-dihydroxy-18beta-ursan-12-ene-28-oic acid
2-alpha-hydroxyursolic acid
NCGC00247602-01
(1s,2r,4as,6ar,6as,6br,8ar,10r,11r,12ar,14bs)-10,11-dihydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picene-4a-carboxylic acid
urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (2alpha,3beta)-
amx2i57a98 ,
unii-amx2i57a98
S9041
2alpha-hydroxyursoloic acid
SCHEMBL335528
corosolic acid [usp-rs]
2-.alpha.-hydroxyursolic acid
urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (2.alpha.,3.beta.)-
corosolic acid (constituent of banaba leaf) [dsc]
CS-3798
AC-33935
Q-100487
corosolic-acid
HY-N0280
colosolic acid
corosolic acid, analytical standard
corosolic acid, united states pharmacopeia (usp) reference standard
corosolic acid from lagerstroemia speciosa, >=98% (hplc)
AKOS032948365
Q5172335
mfcd06794973
HFGSQOYIOKBQOW-ZSDYHTTISA-N
2a-hydroxyursolic acid
colosolic acid; corsolic acid; glucosol
CCG-269470
benzyl5-aminopyrazole-4-carboxylate
DTXSID70904142 ,
(2alpha,3beta)-2,3-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid
BS-42423
ursolic acid (2-alpha-hydroxy-)
corosolic acid (usp-rs)
dtxcid501332027
corosolic acid (constituent of banaba leaf)

Excerpt	Reference
"Corosolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from Lagerstroemia speciosa, which is known to inhibit cancer cell proliferations. "	( Corosolic acid reduces A549 and PC9 cell proliferation, invasion, and chemoresistance in NSCLC via inducing mitochondrial and liposomal oxidative stress. Dai, Y; Huang, G; Jin, M; Liu, C; Liu, X; Lou, Y; Wu, Y; Yang, W, 2021)
"Corosolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpene acid with hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. "	( Network pharmacological analysis of corosolic acid reveals P4HA2 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Gao, WH; Jia, TT; Li, N; Liu, JJ; Liu, L; Peng, YX; Qian, CM; Tang, FF; Tian, XT; Xu, YF, 2023)
"Corosolic acid (CA) is a plant-derived terpenoid compound with many health benefits. "	( Quantitative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals corosolic acid inhibiting bladder cancer via suppressing cell cycle and inducing mitophagy in vitro and in vivo. Cui, A; Li, X; Ma, X; Song, Z; Wang, C; Wang, X; Xia, Y, 2023)
"Corosolic acid (CRA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from Lagerstroemia speciosa. "	( Corosolic acid attenuates cardiac fibrosis following myocardial infarction in mice. Che, Y; Jin, YG; Meng, YY; Wang, SS; Wang, ZP; Wu, HM; Wu, QQ; Yuan, Y; Zhou, H, 2020)
"Corosolic acid (CRA) is a pentacyclic triterpene acid isolated from Lagerstroemia speciosa L."	( By restoring autophagic flux and improving mitochondrial function, corosolic acid protects against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Che, Y; Tang, Q; Wang, S; Wang, Z; Wu, H; Yuan, Y; Zhou, H, 2022)
"Corosolic acid (CRA) is a potential antidiabetic component in many plant-based foods and herbs."	( Inhibitory effect of corosolic acid on α-glucosidase: kinetics, interaction mechanism, and molecular simulation. Gong, D; Hu, X; Ni, M; Pan, J; Zhang, G, 2019)
"Corosolic acid (CRA) is a natural triterpenoid with antioxidative activity. "	( Inhibition of Mitochondrial Fission and NOX2 Expression Prevent NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in the Endothelium: The Role of Corosolic Acid Action in the Amelioration of Endothelial Dysfunction. Cao, GS; Chen, MH; Kou, JP; Leng, J; Li, P; Li, Y; Liu, BL; Liu, LF; Wen, XD; Xin, GZ; Yang, J; Zhou, ZH, 2016)
"Corosolic acid (CRA) is a pentacyclic triterpene acid that has been shown to exhibit an anti-atherosclerotic effect when added to diets of low-density lipoprotein-deficient mice, but the mechanisms are unclear. "	( Corosolic acid ameliorates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice by regulating the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway and inhibiting monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression. Chen, H; Chen, LH; Wang, Q; Yang, J; Zhang, Q, 2012)
"Corosolic acid (CRA) is a substance extracted from Lagerstroemia speciosa L. "	( Effect of corosolic acid on postchallenge plasma glucose levels. Egawa, K; Fujita, Y; Fukushima, M; Kajimoto, Y; Kaneko, T; Matsuyama, F; Mitsui, R; Miura, T; Nishi, Y; Seino, Y; Takemoto, J; Ueda, N; Yamada, Y; Yonaha, N, 2006)

Excerpt	Reference
"Corosolic acid (CA) has been proven to have both hypoglycemic and antitumor effects, so revealing the function of CA can help us understand the relationship between diabetes and liver cancer."	( Corosolic acid inhibits cancer progression by decreasing the level of CDK19-mediated O-GlcNAcylation in liver cancer cells. Li, Y; Ma, L; Niu, Y; Wang, J; Wang, Z; Xu, X; Yu, Y; Zhang, C, 2021)
"Pure corosolic acid has been reported to decrease blood sugar levels within 60 min in human subjects."	( A review of the efficacy and safety of banaba (Lagerstroemia speciosa L.) and corosolic acid. Kaats, GR; Miller, H; Stohs, SJ, 2012)

Excerpt	Reference
"Corosolic acid promotes the 3H-glucose uptaking, suppresses the differentiation and downregulates the expression of PPAR-gamma and C/EBP-alpha mRNA in 3T3-L1 adipocytes."	( Corosolic acid isolation from the leaves of Eriobotrta japonica showing the effects on carbohydrate metabolism and differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Zhao, G; Zong, W, 2007)

Excerpt	Reference
"Corosolic acid treatment significantly reduced cell viability while compound c reversed corosolic acid‑induced cell growth inhibition."	( Corosolic acid reduces 5‑FU chemoresistance in human gastric cancer cells by activating AMPK. Cha, EY; Kim, S; Lee, JS; Lee, MS; Park, JB; Sul, JY, 2018)
"Corosolic acid treatment triggered the activation of caspase-8, 9 and 3."	( Corosolic acid triggers mitochondria and caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death in osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. Cai, X; Han, D; Hu, W; Ji, F; Tan, Z; Tong, D; Zhang, H, 2011)
"Pretreatment with corosolic acid decreased the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and ERK1/2, suggesting that corosolic acid contains anti-angiogenic activity that can suppress FAK signaling induced by angiopoietin-1."	( Corosolic Acid Exhibits Anti-angiogenic and Anti-lymphangiogenic Effects on In Vitro Endothelial Cells and on an In Vivo CT-26 Colon Carcinoma Animal Model. Baek, NI; Chung, IS; Hwang-Bo, J; Lee, DY; Park, JH; Yoo, KH, 2015)

Excerpt	Reference
" No adverse effects have been observed or reported in animal studies or controlled human clinical trials."	( A review of the efficacy and safety of banaba (Lagerstroemia speciosa L.) and corosolic acid. Kaats, GR; Miller, H; Stohs, SJ, 2012)
"CA was effective in reducing vascularity in a CAM model and was found to be safe for potential ophthalmic use."	( Corosolic acid: antiangiogenic activity and safety of intravitreal injection in rats eyes. Dourado, LFN; Paiva, MRB; Pereira, VV; Silva-Cunha, A; Toledo, CR, 2019)

Excerpt	Reference
" The method was proved to be accurate and reliable and was applied to a pharmacokinetic study in the rat following intragastric and intravenous administration of corosolic acid."	( Determination of corosolic acid, a natural potential anti-diabetes compound, in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and its application to pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies. Biwoele, T; Chen, X; Han, D; Li, N; Li, Z; Liu, Q; Talbi, A; Zhao, D, 2011)
" The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of CRA after the drug was orally administered in Sprague-Dawley rats."	( Quantitative determination of corosolic acid in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS-ESI: application to a pharmacokinetic study. Li, B; Li, X; Wu, J, 2014)

Excerpt	Reference
"001), suggesting that the soft gel formulation has a better bioavailability than a dry-powder formulation."	( Antidiabetic activity of a standardized extract (Glucosol) from Lagerstroemia speciosa leaves in Type II diabetics. A dose-dependence study. Hari, SP; Judy, JS; Judy, WV; Naguib, YM; Passwater, R; Stogsdill, WW, 2003)
" The bioavailability of 29 was significantly improved in comparison with its aglycon."	( Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of saponin derivatives of δ-oleanolic acid. Chen, C; Cheng, K; Dai, L; Hu, K; Li, H; Liu, L; Sun, H; Wen, X; Xu, Q; Yuan, H, 2021)
" Their oral absorption and bioavailability can be improved through structural modification and formulation design."	( Corosolic acid and its structural analogs: A systematic review of their biological activities and underlying mechanism of action. Chen, BN; Cheng, ZP; Ma, MY; Qian, XP; Sun, LN; Sun, SY; Wang, Y; Wang, YQ; Wu, ZD; Xing, C; Xing, WF; Zhang, XH, 2021)

Role	Description
metabolite	Any intermediate or product resulting from metabolism. The term 'metabolite' subsumes the classes commonly known as primary and secondary metabolites.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
triterpenoid	Any terpenoid derived from a triterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C30 skeleton of the parent triterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups).
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
ATAD5 protein, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	27.8760	0.0041	10.8903	31.5287	AID504466; AID504467
TDP1 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	22.7265	0.0008	11.3822	44.6684	AID686978; AID686979
Smad3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	35.4813	0.0052	7.8098	29.0929	AID588855
67.9K protein	Vaccinia virus	Potency	17.4882	0.0001	8.4406	100.0000	AID720579; AID720580
chromobox protein homolog 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	89.1251	0.0060	26.1688	89.1251	AID540317
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	16.3601	0.0041	9.9848	25.9290	AID504444
huntingtin isoform 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	12.5893	0.0006	18.4198	1,122.0200	AID1688
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	22.7407	0.0079	8.2332	1,122.0200	AID2546; AID2551
geminin	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	12.9953	0.0046	11.3741	33.4983	AID624296
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	89.1251	3.9811	46.7448	112.2020	AID720708
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form	Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)	IC50 (µMol)	19.9882	0.0140	5.9324	9.0000	AID404873; AID436293; AID603224
Pancreatic alpha-amylase	Sus scrofa (pig)	IC50 (µMol)	31.2000	1.3530	4.3108	8.9300	AID1465050
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	Ovis aries (sheep)	IC50 (µMol)	40.0000	0.0003	2.1774	10.0000	AID1617778
DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	12.6000	1.4000	6.5667	9.0000	AID402618
Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	101.0000	0.6800	0.9267	1.1000	AID254872
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	40.0000	0.0001	1.6847	9.3200	AID1617774
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	40.0000	1.3000	2.6660	4.2300	AID409689
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	11.3100	0.7000	4.5804	9.4500	AID409687
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	6.2450	0.0005	3.4984	9.7600	AID409686; AID683328
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	40.0000	4.6000	4.6000	4.6000	AID409690
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.8100	0.0041	1.0667	10.0000	AID458318
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	24.5600	0.2900	2.2075	4.2300	AID409688
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	40.0000	0.0001	0.9950	10.0000	AID1617780
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	100.0000	0.0120	3.3213	8.4300	AID1662670
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
streptokinase A precursor	Streptococcus pyogenes M1 GAS	EC50 (µMol)	2.8130	0.0600	8.9128	130.5170	AID1902
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Pancreatic alpha-amylase	Sus scrofa (pig)	Kii	28.3000	5.8700	5.8700	5.8700	AID1465093
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap filling	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic development	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-templated DNA replication	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA repair	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
base-excision repair	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
base-excision repair, gap-filling	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
pyrimidine dimer repair	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
salivary gland morphogenesis	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiation	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ethanol	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
lymph node development	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
spleen development	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
homeostasis of number of cells	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic process	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to hyperoxia	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
immunoglobulin heavy chain V-D-J recombination	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA biosynthetic process	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene production involved in inflammatory response	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene metabolic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
humoral immune response	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of angiogenesis	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene biosynthetic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
lipoxygenase pathway	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bone mineralization	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic cell migration	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose homeostasis	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fat cell differentiation	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory response	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory response	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of insulin secretion	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular wound healing	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of wound healing	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory response to wounding	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene A4 biosynthetic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of sprouting angiogenesis	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cell	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
lipoxin biosynthetic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid metabolic process	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid oxidation	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase signaling pathway	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
cell migration	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection regeneration	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of axon regeneration	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic membrane adhesion	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of receptor binding	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid storage	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell differentiation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
erythrocyte differentiation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor recycling	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose homeostasis	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage differentiation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gluconeogenesis	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory response	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of chemotaxis	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of interleukin-4-mediated signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of positive thymic T cell selection	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein response	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of JUN kinase activity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein dephosphorylation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of signal transduction	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of signal transduction	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organization	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of endocytosis	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intracellular protein transport	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to unfolded protein	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor recycling	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of MAP kinase activity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
growth hormone receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein response	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation involved in inactivation of protein kinase activity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of receptor catabolic process	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin-mediated signaling pathway	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor signaling pathway	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of focal adhesion assembly	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
protein dephosphorylation	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
protein dephosphorylation	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon	Homo sapiens (human)
lung development	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid catabolic process	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
MAPK cascade	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
protein dephosphorylation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of angiogenesis	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
cell differentiation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet formation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell costimulation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of interleukin-6 production	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mast cell activation involved in immune response	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
megakaryocyte development	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell proliferation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of MAPK cascade	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of B cell differentiation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet aggregation	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory response to wounding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
epididymis development	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transduction	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycle	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin biosynthetic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesis	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
embryo implantation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
learning	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
memory	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of blood pressure	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulus	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to nematode	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to fructose	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to manganese ion	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cyclooxygenase pathway	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
bone mineralization	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fever generation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic plasticity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin secretion	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estradiol	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharide	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to vitamin D	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to heat	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to tumor necrosis factor	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
maintenance of blood-brain barrier	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein import into nucleus	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
hair cycle	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell cycle	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstriction	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
decidualization	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory response	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
brown fat cell differentiation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to glucocorticoid	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion transport	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to fatty acid	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulus	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lead ion	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ATP	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to fluid shear stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor production	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular oxidant detoxification	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of neuroinflammatory response	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to homocysteine	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
response to angiotensin	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
calcium-ion regulated exocytosis	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of exocytosis	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
insulin secretion	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretion	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of synaptic vesicle cycle	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of insulin secretion	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
single strand break repair	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA repair	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
damaged DNA binding	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule binding	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
lyase activity	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion binding	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
class I DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activity	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 12(S)-lipoxygenase activity	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activity	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 8(S)-lipoxygenase activity	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
heparin binding	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan binding	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex binding	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion molecule binding	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
syntaxin binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
STAT family protein binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cadherin binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ephrin receptor binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
7-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
NADP binding	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cortisol dehydrogenase activity	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid binding	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphotyrosine residue binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
SH3 domain binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
SH2 domain binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion molecule binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphorylation-dependent protein binding	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activity	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
peroxidase activity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion binding	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP binding	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-macromolecule adaptor activity	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
small GTPase binding	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
double-stranded DNA binding	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
single-stranded DNA binding	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
exonuclease activity	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
3'-tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase activity	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
nucleus	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
spindle microtubule	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelope	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelope lumen	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrix	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear membrane	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule lumen	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
ficolin-1-rich granule lumen	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelope	Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endosome lumen	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrix	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
early endosome	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial crista	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
endosome lumen	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
sorting endosome	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
early endosome	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic membrane	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor complex	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell junction	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
specific granule lumen	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
tertiary granule lumen	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha-beta T cell receptor complex	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear inner membrane	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear outer membrane	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumen	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
caveola	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (135)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID1424330	Cytotoxicity in human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by SRB assay	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 142	Oleanane-, ursane-, and quinone methide friedelane-type triterpenoid derivatives: Recent advances in cancer treatment.
AID402618	Inhibition of DNA polymerase beta lyase activity	2004	Journal of natural products, May, Volume: 67, Issue:5	A new ursane triterpene from Monochaetum vulcanicum that inhibits DNA polymerase beta lyase.
AID527188	Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 48 hrs	2010	Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10	Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID595352	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as viable cells at 25 uM after 24 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID416914	Acute toxicity in Albino rat	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 44, Issue:2	Cytotoxic, antioxidant activities and structure activity relationship of some newly synthesized terpenoidal oxaliplatin analogs.
AID458319	Inhibition of human recombinant 11beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction of cortisone to cortisol conversion up to 20 uM by scintillation counting	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 18, Issue:4	11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 inhibiting constituents from Eriobotrya japonica revealed by bioactivity-guided isolation and computational approaches.
AID1662672	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 28, Issue:11	Secondary metabolites from Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) Kudo and their anticancer activity as DNA topoisomerase IB and Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitors.
AID527184	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs	2010	Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10	Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID527186	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs	2010	Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10	Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID402093	Therapeutic index, ratio of IC50 for human H9 cells to EC50 for HIV1 3B	1998	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 61, Issue:9	Anti-AIDS agents. 30. Anti-HIV activity of oleanolic acid, pomolic acid, and structurally related triterpenoids.
AID1435536	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production at 0.4 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by ELISA relative to control	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID595363	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as change in cell morphology after 48 hrs by phase contrast microscopy	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID1662673	Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 28, Issue:11	Secondary metabolites from Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) Kudo and their anticancer activity as DNA topoisomerase IB and Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitors.
AID595350	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as late apoptotic cells at 25 uM after 24 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID595353	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as early apoptotic cells at 25 uM after 48 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID595359	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as dead cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID325978	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 assessed as log reduction of bacterial count at 100 ug/ml by rotating disk reactor method	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5	Asiatic acid and corosolic acid enhance the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms to tobramycin.
AID409690	Inhibition of human recombinant PTPalpha	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Oleanolic acid and its derivatives: new inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B with cellular activities.
AID1868239	Inhibition of recombinant human SENP1 assessed as reduction in deSUMOylation of RanGAP1-SUMO1 at 5 uM using RanGAP1-SUMO1 as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 30 mins relative to control	2022	Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5	Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID402092	Cytotoxicity against mock-infected human H9 cells after 4 days	1998	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 61, Issue:9	Anti-AIDS agents. 30. Anti-HIV activity of oleanolic acid, pomolic acid, and structurally related triterpenoids.
AID404873	Inhibition of rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase A assessed as phosphate release from glucose-1-phosphate	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-26, Volume: 51, Issue:12	Naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenes as inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase: synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and X-ray crystallographic studies.
AID254872	Inhibitory concentration against rat liver glycogen phosphorylase	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 15, Issue:22	Pentacyclic triterpenes. Part 1: the first examples of naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenes as a new class of inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylases.
AID1201601	Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 by serial microplate method	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95	Pentacyclic triterpene derivatives possessing polyhydroxyl ring A inhibit gram-positive bacteria growth by regulating metabolism and virulence genes expression.
AID587675	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as growth inhibition by liquid microdilution assay	2011	Journal of natural products, Feb-25, Volume: 74, Issue:2	Triterpenoid saponins from Symplocos lancifolia.
AID1435535	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production at 2 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by ELISA relative to control	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID458318	Inhibition of human recombinant 11beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction of cortisone to cortisol conversion by scintillation counting	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 18, Issue:4	11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 inhibiting constituents from Eriobotrya japonica revealed by bioactivity-guided isolation and computational approaches.
AID1201600	Antifungal activity against Candida guilliermondii by serial microplate method	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95	Pentacyclic triterpene derivatives possessing polyhydroxyl ring A inhibit gram-positive bacteria growth by regulating metabolism and virulence genes expression.
AID595357	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as early apoptotic cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID1662676	Inhibition of TDP1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) at 100 uM using 5'-FAM-AGGATCTAAAAGACTT-BHQ-3' as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition by fluorescence assay relative to control	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 28, Issue:11	Secondary metabolites from Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) Kudo and their anticancer activity as DNA topoisomerase IB and Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitors.
AID325977	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 assessed as log reduction of bacterial count at 50 ug/ml by rotating disk reactor method	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5	Asiatic acid and corosolic acid enhance the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms to tobramycin.
AID1364713	Cytotoxicity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as cell viability at 20 uM incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to untreated control	2017	Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4	Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID527182	Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs	2010	Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10	Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID1465051	Inhibition of yeast alpha-glucosidase using 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Pentacyclic triterpenes as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationships and the synergism with acarbose.
AID1246449	Antiinflammatory activity in IRC mouse assessed as inhibition of TPA-induced IL-1alpha mRNA expression in epidermis at 2 umol administered topically 30 mins prior to TPA challenge for twice weekly over 2 weeks measured 6 hrs post last TPA challenge by qRT	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 25, Issue:19	Synthesis of oxygenated oleanolic and ursolic acid derivatives with anti-inflammatory properties.
AID1728066	Activation of AMPK in human Huh-7 cells assessed as increase in AMPK phosphorylation at Thr172 residue at 10 uM measured after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209	Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of saponin derivatives of δ-oleanolic acid.
AID595306	Antiproliferative activity against rat HSC-T6 cells at 100 uM after 48 hrs by MTT assay	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID1465085	Inhibition of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase assessed as Km for substrate using starch as substrate at 31.2 uM by Michaelis-Menten plot analysis (Rvb = 2.48 +/- 0.24 mg/ml)	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Pentacyclic triterpenes as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationships and the synergism with acarbose.
AID1617778	Inhibition of ovine recombinant COX1 assessed as decrease in formation of PGE2 using arachidonic acid as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 45 mins by LC-MS analysis	2019	Journal of natural products, 12-27, Volume: 82, Issue:12	Structure-Activity Relationships of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids as Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Enzymes.
AID527189	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 48 hrs	2010	Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10	Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID402091	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in human H9 cells after 4 days by p24 antigen ELISA	1998	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 61, Issue:9	Anti-AIDS agents. 30. Anti-HIV activity of oleanolic acid, pomolic acid, and structurally related triterpenoids.
AID595351	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as dead cells at 25 uM after 24 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID595315	Cell cycle arrest in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as inhibition of DNA synthesis at S phase at 25 uM after 48 hrs	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID1435530	Cytotoxicity against human NCI-N87 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID595313	Cell cycle arrest in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as inhibition of DNA synthesis at sub-G1 phase at 25 uM after 48 hrs	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID1465095	Non-competitive inhibition of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase assessed as inhibitor-enzyme-substrate complex using starch as substrate by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Pentacyclic triterpenes as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationships and the synergism with acarbose.
AID1662669	Inhibition of calf thymus Top1 assessed as reduction in supercoiled pBR322 DNA relaxation at 100 uM measured after 30 mins by agarose gel electrophoresis relative to camptothecin	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 28, Issue:11	Secondary metabolites from Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) Kudo and their anticancer activity as DNA topoisomerase IB and Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitors.
AID527183	Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs	2010	Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10	Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID1165541	Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as cell viability at 40 uM by MTT assay	2014	Journal of natural products, Oct-24, Volume: 77, Issue:10	Anti-inflammatory ursane- and oleanane-type triterpenoids from Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia.
AID595312	Cell cycle arrest in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as inhibition of DNA synthesis at G2/M phase at 25 uM after 24 hrs	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID595356	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as viable cells at 25 uM after 48 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID595361	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as change in cell morphology at 10 to 50 uM by phase contrast microscopy	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID254893	Inhibitory concentration against rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 15, Issue:22	Pentacyclic triterpenes. Part 1: the first examples of naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenes as a new class of inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylases.
AID1435538	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha production at 10 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by ELISA relative to control	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID409687	Inhibition of TCPTP by pNPP assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Oleanolic acid and its derivatives: new inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B with cellular activities.
AID1435537	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha production at 50 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by ELISA relative to control	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID1435529	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID1435539	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha production at 2 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by ELISA relative to control	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID1617781	Inhibition of human recombinant COX2 expressed in baculovirus infected sf21 cells assessed as residual activity at 42 uM using arachidonic acid as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 45 mins by LC-MS analysis r	2019	Journal of natural products, 12-27, Volume: 82, Issue:12	Structure-Activity Relationships of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids as Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Enzymes.
AID527187	Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs	2010	Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10	Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID595320	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as dead cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID1465050	Inhibition of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase using starch as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 10 mins by dinitrosalicylic acid reagent based assay	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Pentacyclic triterpenes as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationships and the synergism with acarbose.
AID595349	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as early apoptotic cells at 25 uM after 24 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID595354	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as late apoptotic cells at 25 uM after 48 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID1868242	Cytotoxicity against human SK-OV-3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 25 uM incubated for 48 hrs by SRB assay	2022	Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5	Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID1868243	Cytotoxicity against human SK-OV-3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by SRB assay	2022	Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5	Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID325980	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 assessed as log reduction of bacterial count at 100 ug/ml by CDC biofilm reactor method	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5	Asiatic acid and corosolic acid enhance the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms to tobramycin.
AID1424331	Cytotoxicity in human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by SRB assay	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 142	Oleanane-, ursane-, and quinone methide friedelane-type triterpenoid derivatives: Recent advances in cancer treatment.
AID603224	Inhibition of rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase A assessed as release of phosphate from glucose-1-phosphate after 25 mins by microplate reader based method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6	Identification of pentacyclic triterpenes derivatives as potent inhibitors against glycogen phosphorylase based on 3D-QSAR studies.
AID595317	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as early apoptotic cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID595371	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as viable cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID1465090	Inhibition of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase assessed as Vmax for substrate using starch as substrate at 15.6 uM by Michaelis-Menten plot analysis (Rvb = 28.6 +/- 1.8 microg/ml/min)	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Pentacyclic triterpenes as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationships and the synergism with acarbose.
AID1246450	Antiinflammatory activity in IRC mouse assessed as inhibition of TPA-induced IL-1beta mRNA expression in epidermis at 2 umol administered topically 30 mins prior to TPA challenge for twice weekly over 2 weeks measured 6 hrs post last TPA challenge by qRT-	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 25, Issue:19	Synthesis of oxygenated oleanolic and ursolic acid derivatives with anti-inflammatory properties.
AID1246451	Antiinflammatory activity in IRC mouse assessed as inhibition of TPA-induced IL-6 mRNA expression in epidermis at 2 umol administered topically 30 mins prior to TPA challenge for twice weekly over 2 weeks measured 6 hrs post last TPA challenge by qRT-PCR	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 25, Issue:19	Synthesis of oxygenated oleanolic and ursolic acid derivatives with anti-inflammatory properties.
AID1868241	Inhibition of SENP1 in human SK-OV-3 cells assessed as increase in SUMOlytated JAK2 level at 5 uM after 48 hrs by immunoprecipitation method	2022	Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5	Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID595310	Cell cycle arrest in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as inhibition of DNA synthesis at G0/G1 phase at 25 uM after 24 hrs	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID595316	Cell cycle arrest in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as inhibition of DNA synthesis at G2/M phase at 25 uM after 48 hrs	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID527185	Cytotoxicity against human fibroblast cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs	2010	Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10	Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID1364712	Anti-inflammatory in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production pre-incubated before LPS challenge for 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay	2017	Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4	Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Twigs of Chaenomeles sinensis.
AID1662670	Inhibition of TDP1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using 5'-FAM-AGGATCTAAAAGACTT-BHQ-3' as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition by fluorescence assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 28, Issue:11	Secondary metabolites from Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) Kudo and their anticancer activity as DNA topoisomerase IB and Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitors.
AID1465091	Inhibition of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase assessed as Vmax for substrate using starch as substrate at 31.2 uM by Michaelis-Menten plot analysis (Rvb = 28.6 +/- 1.8 microg/ml/min)	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Pentacyclic triterpenes as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationships and the synergism with acarbose.
AID409689	Inhibition of human recombinant LAR	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Oleanolic acid and its derivatives: new inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B with cellular activities.
AID1868245	Reversal of platinum resistance in cisplatin-resistant human SK-OV-3 cells assessed as reduction in cisplatin IC50 after 48 hrs in presence of cisplatin by SRB assay (Rvb = 28.23 microM)	2022	Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5	Discovery of Natural Ursane-type SENP1 Inhibitors and the Platinum Resistance Reversal Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Cells: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study.
AID1201599	Antifungal activity against Microsporum canis by serial microplate method	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 95	Pentacyclic triterpene derivatives possessing polyhydroxyl ring A inhibit gram-positive bacteria growth by regulating metabolism and virulence genes expression.
AID1246452	Antiinflammatory activity in IRC mouse assessed as inhibition of TPA-induced IL-23 mRNA expression in epidermis at 2 umol administered topically 30 mins prior to TPA challenge for twice weekly over 2 weeks measured 6 hrs post last TPA challenge by qRT-PCR	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 25, Issue:19	Synthesis of oxygenated oleanolic and ursolic acid derivatives with anti-inflammatory properties.
AID595355	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as dead cells at 25 uM after 48 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID1662671	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-01, Volume: 28, Issue:11	Secondary metabolites from Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) Kudo and their anticancer activity as DNA topoisomerase IB and Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitors.
AID683328	Inhibition of human recombinant PTP1B using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate assessed as p-nitrophenol release after 30 mins	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19	Rhododendric acid A, a new ursane-type PTP1B inhibitor from the endangered plant Rhododendron brachycarpum G. Don.
AID1435531	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID587676	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa as growth inhibition by liquid microdilution assay	2011	Journal of natural products, Feb-25, Volume: 74, Issue:2	Triterpenoid saponins from Symplocos lancifolia.
AID1435540	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha production at 0.4 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by ELISA relative to control	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID595309	Cell cycle arrest in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as inhibition of DNA synthesis at sub-G1 phase at 25 uM after 24 hrs	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID1435541	Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as growth inhibition at 10 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay relative to control	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID595362	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as change in cell morphology after 24 hrs by phase contrast microscopy	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID409686	Inhibition of PTP1B by pNPP assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Oleanolic acid and its derivatives: new inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B with cellular activities.
AID527181	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs	2010	Journal of natural products, Oct-22, Volume: 73, Issue:10	Cytotoxic Hexacyclic Triterpene Acids from Euscaphis japonica.
AID436293	Inhibition of rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase a assessed as glycogen synthesis	2008	Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 71, Issue:11	Practical synthesis of bredemolic acid, a natural inhibitor of glycogen phosphorylase.
AID595314	Cell cycle arrest in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as inhibition of DNA synthesis at G0/G1 phase at 25 uM after 48 hrs	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID1435534	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production at 10 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by ELISA relative to control	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID409688	Inhibition of human recombinant SHP1	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Oleanolic acid and its derivatives: new inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B with cellular activities.
AID595319	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as late apoptotic cells at 10 uM after 24 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID409692	Selectivity for PTP1B to human recombinant SHP1	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Oleanolic acid and its derivatives: new inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B with cellular activities.
AID587673	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus assessed as growth inhibition by liquid microdilution assay	2011	Journal of natural products, Feb-25, Volume: 74, Issue:2	Triterpenoid saponins from Symplocos lancifolia.
AID595311	Cell cycle arrest in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as inhibition of DNA synthesis at S phase at 25 uM after 24 hrs	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID587674	Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis assessed as growth inhibition by liquid microdilution assay	2011	Journal of natural products, Feb-25, Volume: 74, Issue:2	Triterpenoid saponins from Symplocos lancifolia.
AID1617774	Inhibition of human recombinant 5-LOX expressed in insect cells assessed as decrease in production of 5-HPETE and 5-HETE using arachidonic acid as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins in dark by ferric io	2019	Journal of natural products, 12-27, Volume: 82, Issue:12	Structure-Activity Relationships of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids as Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Enzymes.
AID1617776	Inhibition of human recombinant N-terminal His-tagged 15-LOX2 expressed in Escherichia coli using arachidonic acid as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins in dark by ferric ion oxidation-xylenol orange as	2019	Journal of natural products, 12-27, Volume: 82, Issue:12	Structure-Activity Relationships of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids as Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Enzymes.
AID1617779	Inhibition of ovine recombinant COX1 assessed as residual activity at 42 uM using arachidonic acid as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 45 mins by LC-MS analysis	2019	Journal of natural products, 12-27, Volume: 82, Issue:12	Structure-Activity Relationships of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids as Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Enzymes.
AID1465084	Inhibition of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase assessed as Km for substrate using starch as substrate at 15.6 uM by Michaelis-Menten plot analysis (Rvb = 2.48 +/- 0.24 mg/ml)	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Pentacyclic triterpenes as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationships and the synergism with acarbose.
AID1158457	Enhancement of GLUT4 translocation in rat L6 cells expressing pIRAP-mOrange cDNAs at 10 uM after 10 mins by fluorescence assay relative to control	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 24, Issue:14	Chemical constituents from Eucalyptus citriodora Hook leaves and their glucose transporter 4 translocation activities.
AID1465093	Non-competitive inhibition of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase assessed as inhibitor-enzyme complex using starch as substrate by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Pentacyclic triterpenes as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors: Structure-activity relationships and the synergism with acarbose.
AID595360	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as viable cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID595358	Induction of apoptosis in rat HSC-T6 cells assessed as late apoptotic cells at 10 uM after 48 hrs using Annexin V-FITC staining by flow cytometry	2011	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 74, Issue:4	Antiproliferative triterpenes from the leaves and twigs of Juglans sinensis on HSC-T6 cells.
AID301826	Inhibition of rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase a	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 17, Issue:21	Pentacyclic triterpenes. Part 5: synthesis and SAR study of corosolic acid derivatives as inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylases.
AID325974	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5	Asiatic acid and corosolic acid enhance the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms to tobramycin.
AID1617777	Inhibition of human recombinant N-terminal His-tagged 15-LOX2 expressed in Escherichia coli assessed as residual activity at 42 uM using arachidonic acid as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins in dark by	2019	Journal of natural products, 12-27, Volume: 82, Issue:12	Structure-Activity Relationships of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids as Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Enzymes.
AID1435533	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production at 50 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by ELISA relative to control	2016	Journal of natural products, 11-23, Volume: 79, Issue:11	Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus.
AID1617780	Inhibition of human recombinant COX2 expressed in baculovirus infected sf21 cells assessed as decrease in PGE2 formation using arachidonic acid as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 45 mins by LC-MS analysis	2019	Journal of natural products, 12-27, Volume: 82, Issue:12	Structure-Activity Relationships of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids as Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Enzymes.
AID1617775	Inhibition of human recombinant 5-LOX expressed in insect cells assessed residual activity using arachidonic acid at 42 uM as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins in dark by ferric ion oxidation-xylenol o	2019	Journal of natural products, 12-27, Volume: 82, Issue:12	Structure-Activity Relationships of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids as Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Enzymes.
AID409691	Inhibition of human recombinant PTPepsilon	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 16, Issue:18	Oleanolic acid and its derivatives: new inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B with cellular activities.
AID504810	Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID504812	Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	3 (1.94)	18.2507
2000's	35 (22.58)	29.6817
2010's	86 (55.48)	24.3611
2020's	31 (20.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	3 (1.94%)	5.53%
Reviews	9 (5.81%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1 (0.65%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	142 (91.61%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
1-butanol 1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes.	2.5	2	alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent
gallic acid gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.	2.1	1	trihydroxybenzoic acid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.04	1	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite
hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.	2.13	1	elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity	antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite
methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.	2.5	2	alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound	amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.	2.11	1	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor
nitrous oxide Nitrous Oxide: Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.. dinitrogen oxide : A nitrogen oxide consisting of linear unsymmetrical molecules with formula N2O. While it is the most used gaseous anaesthetic in the world, its major commercial use, due to its solubility under pressure in vegetable fats combined with its non-toxicity in low concentrations, is as an aerosol spray propellant and aerating agent for canisters of 'whipped' cream.	2.41	1	gas molecular entity; nitrogen oxide	analgesic; bacterial metabolite; food packaging gas; food propellant; general anaesthetic; greenhouse gas; inhalation anaesthetic; NMDA receptor antagonist; raising agent; refrigerant; vasodilator agent
palmitic acid Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid.	2.03	1	long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
caffeine [no description available]	2.95	4	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.	2.03	1	aminoquinoline; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; environmental contaminant; topoisomerase IV inhibitor; xenobiotic
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.	2.05	1	amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.	8.93	3	nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.	2.03	1	aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole	analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic
isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.	2.61	2	catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
ketanserin Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.	2.31	1	aromatic ketone; organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; cardiovascular drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
nimesulide nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.	2.03	1	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
masoprocol nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)	2.21	1	catechols; lignan; tetrol	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; plant metabolite
streptonigrin [no description available]	3.51	1	pyridines; quinolone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent
carbon tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.	7.59	2	chlorocarbon; chloromethanes	hepatotoxic agent; refrigerant
sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.	2.04	1	glycosyl glycoside	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.	2.03	1	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine	EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.	2.04	1	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.	2.04	1	lactose
chloroform Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.	2.5	2	chloromethanes; one-carbon compound	carcinogenic agent; central nervous system drug; inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
ampicillin Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.	2.11	1	beta-lactam antibiotic; penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
evans blue Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.	2.41	1	organic sodium salt	fluorochrome; histological dye; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
glycyrrhetinic acid [no description available]	3.2	5	cyclic terpene ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	immunomodulator; plant metabolite
oleanolic acid [no description available]	7.06	31	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	plant metabolite
3-hydroxyflavone 3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone.	2.15	1	flavonols; monohydroxyflavone
galactitol [no description available]	2.08	1	hexitol	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
vancomycin Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.	2.06	1	glycopeptide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
glycyrrhizic acid glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.	2.81	3	enone; glucosiduronic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; tricarboxylic acid; triterpenoid saponin	EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	2.17	1	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
streptomycin [no description available]	2.11	1	antibiotic antifungal drug; antibiotic fungicide; streptomycins	antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; antimicrobial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
camptothecin NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.25	1	delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite
tiletamine hydrochloride Cyclohexanones: Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.. cyclohexanones : Any alicyclic ketone based on a cyclohexane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.	2.03	1
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.	2.49	2	acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator
zidovudine Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.	1.99	1	azide; pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
tobramycin Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.	7.03	1	amino cyclitol glycoside	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; toxin
acarbose [no description available]	2.15	1	tetrasaccharide derivative	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent
zileuton [no description available]	2.21	1	1-benzothiophenes; ureas	anti-asthmatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.	2.48	2	D-glucopyranose	epitope; mouse metabolite
ursolic acid [no description available]	5.99	19	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	geroprotector; plant metabolite
betulinic acid [no description available]	5.05	12	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-HIV agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; plant metabolite
medicagenic acid medicagenic acid: aglycone constituent of lucerne saponins, upon which their fungastatic & hemolytic activity depends	2.21	1	triterpenoid
epigallocatechin gallate epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.	2.06	1	flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
betulin betulin: isolated from various white birch bark (BETULA). betulin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents.	2.77	3	diol; pentacyclic triterpenoid	analgesic; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; metabolite
beta-amyrin beta-amyrin: alpha-amyrin is also available; a 5 ring triterpene derived from oleanane that differs from alpha-amyrin in having the 29-carbon at the 20 position; RN given refers to (3 beta)-isomer. beta-amyrin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanane substituted at the 3beta-position by a hydroxy group and containing a double bond between positions 12 and 13. It is one of the most commonly occurring triterpenoids in higher plants.	3.69	2	pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol	Aspergillus metabolite; plant metabolite
alpha-amyrin alpha-amyrin: beta-amyrin is also available; a 5 ring triterpene derived from taraxasterol that differs from beta-amyrin in having the 29-carbon at the 19 position. alpha-amyrin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is ursane which contains a double bond between positions 12 and 13 and in which the hydrogen at the 3beta position is substituted by a hydroxy group.	2.21	1	pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol
Tormentic acid tormentic acid: aglycone of Rosamultin	4.42	6	triterpenoid	metabolite
hederagenin [no description available]	2.66	2	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; sapogenin	plant metabolite
echinocystic acid [no description available]	3.51	1	triterpenoid
gliclazide 18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid: a gap junction inhibitor	3.25	1
madecassic acid [no description available]	3	4	monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; tetrol	antioxidant; plant metabolite
arjunolic acid arjunolic acid: oleanane type; isol from Cochlospermum tinctorium (Bixaceae); structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2alpha,3beta,4alpha)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 12/89. arjunolic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 23 (the 2alpha,3beta stereoisomer). Isolated from Symplocos lancifolia and Juglans sinensis, it exhibits antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.	3.16	5	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antioxidant; metabolite
maslinic acid (2Alpha,3beta)-2,3-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid: from Luehea divaricata and Agrimonia eupatoria	5.75	25	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
uvaol uvaol: from Vauquelinia corymbosa (Rosaceae)	4.18	4	triterpenoid	metabolite
gypsogenin gypsogenin: originally from Gypsophila species; structure in first source. gypsogenin : A sapogenin that is olean-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 23.	2.21	1	aldehyde; monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; sapogenin
4-nitrophenyl alpha-glucoside 4-nitrophenyl alpha-glucoside: RN given refers to (alpha)-anomer; see also (beta)-anomers: 29857-05-4, 2492-87-7; cpd with unspecified anomer: 5779-46-4. 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucoside : An alpha-D-glucoside that is beta-D-glucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group.	2.1	1	alpha-D-glucoside; C-nitro compound; monosaccharide derivative	chromogenic compound
erythrodiol [no description available]	2.49	2	diol; pentacyclic triterpenoid; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol	plant metabolite
imipenem, anhydrous Imipenem: Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.. imipenem : A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup.	2.11	1	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carbapenems; zwitterion	antibacterial drug
fructose 2,6-diphosphate fructose 2,6-diphosphate: phosphofructokinase activator synthesized via Mg-ATP & fructose-6-P. beta-D-fructofuranose 2,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 2,6-bisphosphate with a beta-configuration at the anomeric centre.	2.04	1	D-fructofuranose 2,6-bisphosphate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
3-chloro-L-tyrosine 3-chloro-L-tyrosine : A chloroamino acid comprising a tyrosine core with a chloro- substituent ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group.	2.03	1	chloroamino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-tyrosine derivative; monochlorobenzenes; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	biomarker; human metabolite
asiatic acid [no description available]	6.17	16	monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; triol	angiogenesis modulating agent; metabolite
celastrol [no description available]	4.18	2	monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; metabolite
betulonic acid betulonic acid: isolated from Rush javanica; strucure in first source	2.45	2	triterpenoid	anticoronaviral agent
omega-n-methylarginine omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent.	2.15	1	amino acid zwitterion; arginine derivative; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
boswellic acid boswellic acid: ursane type; RN given refers to (3alpha,4beta)-isomer; active principle of salai guggal; see also record for salai guggal	4.13	4	triterpenoid
angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).	2.21	1	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II	human metabolite
oleanolic acid 3-o-monoglucuronide oleanolic acid 3-O-monoglucuronide: structure given in first source	2.31	1	beta-D-glucosiduronic acid
scoparianoside b scoparianoside B: isolated from the fruit of Japanese Kochia scoparia; structure given in first source	3.86	2	triterpenoid saponin
sorafenib [no description available]	2.11	1	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas; pyridinecarboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.	2.05	1	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; C29-steroid; phytosterols; stigmastane sterol	anticholesteremic drug; antioxidant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; sterol methyltransferase inhibitor
3-nitrotyrosine 3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.	2.03	1	2-nitrophenols; C-nitro compound; nitrotyrosine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
lupeol [no description available]	3.27	1	pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol	anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite
wortmannin [no description available]	2.04	1	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; delta-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Penicillium metabolite; radiosensitizing agent
pomolic acid pomolic acid: from Rosa woodsii & Hyptis capitata; structure in first source	4.07	4	triterpenoid	metabolite
bardoxolone methyl methyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oate: structure in first source	4.18	2	cyclohexenones
glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.	2.31	1	D-glucosamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite
arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.	2.03	1	icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid	Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.	3.16	1	resveratrol	antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger
h 89 N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source. N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is the sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of isoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid with the primary amino group of N(1)-[3-(4-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine. It is a protein kinase A inhibitor.. (E)-N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	2.04	1	N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide
dactinomycin Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)	2.15	1	actinomycin	mutagen
gamma-sitosterol clionasterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is poriferast-5-ene carrying a beta-hydroxy substituent at position 3.	3	4	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; phytosterols	marine metabolite; plant metabolite
ganoderic acid a [no description available]	2.05	1	triterpenoid
euscaphic acid euscaphic acid: isolated from medicinal plant, Euscaphis japonica Pax.; structure; RN given refers to 2alpha,3alpha-isomer. euscaphic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 19 respectively (the 2alpha,3alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata.	10.11	13	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; triol	plant metabolite
methyl maslinate methyl maslinate: isolated from the radix of Vaccinium scopulorum	2.04	1
methyl ursolate methyl ursolate: structure in first source	2.05	1
boswellic acid [no description available]	2.21	1
glycosides [no description available]	2.15	1
stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.	3.16	1	stilbene
isoliquiritigenin [no description available]	2.25	1	chalcones	antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; GABA modulator; geroprotector; metabolite; NMDA receptor antagonist
gw9662 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide: pretreatment of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors with GW9662 results in the irreversible loss of ligand binding	2.6	1	benzamides
cytellin cytellin: a phytosterol preparation of mainly B-sitosterol, that was marketed by Eli Lilly to lower cholesterol 1957 to 1982	3.31	6
ginsenosides ginsenoside : Triterpenoid saponins with a dammarane-like skeleton originally isolated from ginseng (Panax) species. Use of the term has been extended to include semi-synthetic derivatives.	3.16	1
sc 560 SC560 : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3 and 5 by 4-methoxyphenyl, trifluoromethyl and 4-chlorophenyl groups, respectively. Unlike many members of the diaryl heterocycle class of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, SC-560 is selective for COX-1.	2.21	1	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; pyrazoles	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
quercetin [no description available]	2.5	2	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.	2.41	1	prostaglandins E	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic
apigenin Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.	2.45	2	trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
luteolin [no description available]	2.06	1	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; tetrahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
quercitrin [no description available]	2.1	1	alpha-L-rhamnoside; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glycoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	antileishmanial agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.	2.1	1	carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene	antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A
quercetin 3-o-glucopyranoside quercetin 3-O-glucopyranoside: structure in first source. quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Lepisorus contortus, it exhibits antineoplastic activityand has been found to decrease the rate of polymerization and sickling of red blood cells	2.1	1	beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antipruritic drug; bone density conservation agent; geroprotector; histamine antagonist; osteogenesis regulator; plant metabolite
kaempferol [no description available]	2.8	3	7-hydroxyflavonol; flavonols; tetrahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
hyperoside quercetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside : A quercetin O-glycoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-galactosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Artemisia capillaris, it exhibits hepatoprotective activity.	2.1	1	beta-D-galactoside; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glycoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
shogaol shogaol: from ginger, ZINGIBER OFFICINALE; less mutagenic than GINGEROL; structure given in first source	2.15	1	enone; monomethoxybenzene; phenols
ellagic acid [no description available]	2.08	1	catechols; cyclic ketone; lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol	antioxidant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
astragalin kaempferol-3-O-glucoside: isolated from the pit of Mahkota dewa; structure in first source. kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : A kaempferol O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 3 of kaempferol via a beta-glycosidic linkage.	2.06	1	beta-D-glucoside; kaempferol O-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone	plant metabolite; trypanocidal drug
syringin syringin: a phenylpropanoid glycoside; see also eleutherosides & lyoniside for eleutheroside A: 474-58-8. syringin : A monosaccharide derivative that is trans-sinapyl alcohol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.06	1	beta-D-glucoside; dimethoxybenzene; monosaccharide derivative; primary alcohol	hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
kaempferol-3-o-rutinoside kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside: isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plants of Diodia teres through repeated silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography; structure in first source. kaempferol-3-rutinoside : A kaempferol O-glucoside that is kaempferol attached to a rutinosyl [6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucosyl] residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the leaves of Solanum campaniforme.	2.06	1	disaccharide derivative; kaempferol O-glucoside; rutinoside; trihydroxyflavone	metabolite; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
ceftazidime [no description available]	2.06	1	cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
lyoniside daucosterol : A steroid saponin that is sitosterol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has bee isolated from Panax japonicus var. major and Breynia fruticosa.	2.02	1	beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative; steroid saponin	plant metabolite
cefotaxime Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.	7.6	1	1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
pyracrenic acid pyracrenic acid: a lupane from bark of Pyracantha crenulata; structure given in first source	2.15	1	triterpenoid	metabolite
3 beta-o-acetylursolic acid [no description available]	2.52	2	triterpenoid
beta-escin [no description available]	2.1	1
11-keto-boswellic acid [no description available]	4.12	4
3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid 3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid: from Potentilla chinensis	2.78	3	triterpenoid
1-(2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oyl) imidazole [no description available]	3.25	1
betulin-3-caffeate betulin-3-caffeate: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from Hibiscus syriacus; structure in first source	2.15	1
ilekudinol b ilekudinol B: stimulates glucose uptake; from Weigela subsessilis; structure in first source	2.49	2
nigranoic acid nigranoic acid: from stem of Schisandra sphaerandra; structure in first source. nigranoic acid : A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is 3,4-secocycloarta-4(28),24-(Z)-diene substituted by carboxy groups at positions 3 and 26. Isolated from Schisandra henryi and Schisandra propinqua, it exhibits cytotoxic and anti-HIV activities.	2.1	1	dicarboxylic acid; tetracyclic triterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; metabolite
acebutolol alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-mannose : An alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha configuration.	2.04	1	alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose
acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid: a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor; structure given in first source	2.51	2	triterpenoid
3-o-acetyl-beta-boswellic acid 3-O-acetyl-beta-boswellic acid: isolated from Boswellia serrata; structure in first source	2.21	1
kalopanax saponin b kalopanax saponin B: isolated from Kalopanax septemlobus; structure given in first source. kalopanaxsaponin B : A triterpenoid saponin with hederagenin as the aglycone part. It has been isolated from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus.	2.31	1	carboxylic ester; pentacyclic triterpenoid; triterpenoid saponin	anti-inflammatory agent; plant metabolite
ginsenoside ro ginsenoside Ro: from ginseng; RN given refers to ginsenoside Ro, (all-D)-isomer	2.31	1	triterpenoid saponin	metabolite
3-epioleanolic acid [no description available]	2.74	3	triterpenoid	metabolite
11-deoxy glycyrrhetinic acid [no description available]	2.77	3	triterpenoid
2alpha,3beta-dihydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid alphitolic acid: from the aerial parts of Gouania longipetala; structure in first source. 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is betulinic acid carrying an additional alpha-hydroxy group at position 2. It has been isolated from Breynia fruticosa.	2.76	3	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	plant metabolite
alpha-amyrenone alpha-amyrenone: from Marsdenia officinalis Tsiang	2.21	1
oleanonic acid oleanonic acid: structure in first source	2.94	4
roburic acid roburic acid : A tetracyclic triterpenoid with formula C30H40O2 that is isolated from the roots of Gentiana dahurica and Gentiana macrophylla.	3.51	1	monocarboxylic acid; olefinic compound; tetracyclic triterpenoid	plant metabolite
rutundic acid rutundic acid: isolated from the leaves of Hex pupurea; structure in first source	2.47	2	triterpenoid	metabolite
23-hydroxyursolic acid 23-hydroxyursolic acid: from medicinal plants of the Rubiaceae family; structure in first source. 23-hydroxyursolic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is ursolic acid substituted by an additional hydroxy group at position 23. It has been isolated from Lagerstroemia speciosa and Juglans sinensis.	2.47	2	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	plant metabolite
lyoniside lyoniside: see also eleutherosides & syringin for eleutheroside B: 118-34-3; RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer	2.76	3
augustic acid [no description available]	2.46	2
cytochrome c-t Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.	2.06	1
cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.	2.13	1	glycoside
23-hydroxybetulinic acid 23-hydroxybetulinic acid: structure in first source	2.46	2	triterpenoid	metabolite
madecassoside [no description available]	2.31	1	carboxylic ester; pentacyclic triterpenoid; trisaccharide derivative; triterpenoid saponin	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; antirheumatic drug; plant metabolite; vulnerary
epi-maslinic acid epi-maslinic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is 3alpha-hydroxy epimer of maslinic acid. Isolated from Prunella vulgaris and Isodon japonicus, it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.	3.35	6	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory agent; metabolite
2-oxopomolic acid 2-oxopomolic acid: isolated from Polylepis racemosa; structure in first source	1.99	1
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	2.05	1	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
rk 682 [no description available]	2.07	1
ziyuglycoside i ziyuglycoside I: isolated from the leaves of Hex pupurea; structure in first source	2.31	1
ziyuglycoside ii ziyuglycoside II: isolated from Sanguisorba officinalis; structure in first source	2.31	1
tetraphenylporphine tetraphenylporphyrin: structure in first source	3.18	1
deoxyguanosine [no description available]	2.03	1	purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.	2.03	1	nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage.	2.03	1	guanosines	biomarker

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.	5.47	5	1
Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).	7.44	2	0
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	3.19	5	0
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	3.19	5	0
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	3.06	1	0
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	3.06	1	0
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer [description not available]	3.33	1	0
Cancer of Ovary [description not available]	3.33	1	0
Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1, RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.	3.33	1	0
Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.	3.33	1	0
Disease Exacerbation [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	3.85	9	0
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	3.85	9	0
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	3.06	4	0
Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available]	2.72	2	0
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.	2.31	1	0
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	3.06	4	0
Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available]	2.53	2	0
Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.	2.53	2	0
Arthritis, Degenerative [description not available]	2.41	1	0
Osteoarthritis A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.	7.41	1	0
Apoplexy [description not available]	2.41	1	0
Acute Brain Injuries [description not available]	2.41	1	0
Cerebral Ischemia [description not available]	7.41	1	0
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available]	2.41	1	0
Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.	2.41	1	0
Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.	2.41	1	0
Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.	7.41	1	0
Stroke A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)	2.41	1	0
Heritable Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Pulmonary Hypertension [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension A progressive rare pulmonary disease characterized by high blood pressure in the PULMONARY ARTERY.	7.6	1	0
Hypertension, Pulmonary Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.	2.6	1	0
Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension Familial or idiopathic hypertension in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION which is not secondary to other disease.	2.6	1	0
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	2.86	3	0
Avian Flu [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Influenza in Birds Infection of domestic and wild fowl and other BIRDS with INFLUENZA A VIRUS. Avian influenza usually does not sicken birds, but can be highly pathogenic and fatal in domestic POULTRY.	2.6	1	0
Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	3.64	7	0
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.	3.64	7	0
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Infections, Staphylococcal [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Staphylococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.	2.6	1	0
Bladder Cancer [description not available]	7.6	1	0
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.	2.6	1	0
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	3.68	9	0
Cardiac Hypertrophy Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix.	7.21	1	0
Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.	2.21	1	0
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	2.88	3	0
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	3.46	2	0
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	3.46	2	0
Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.	2.25	1	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.52	2	0
Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Cirrhosis [description not available]	2.55	2	0
Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.	7.55	2	0
Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).	7.25	1	0
ER-Negative PR-Negative HER2-Negative Breast Cancer [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.	2.25	1	0
Colorectal Cancer [description not available]	7.31	1	0
Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.	2.31	1	0
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available]	2.57	2	0
Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.	2.57	2	0
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.	2.31	1	0
Cardiac Toxicity [description not available]	2.41	1	0
Cardiotoxicity Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.	7.41	1	0
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell of Head and Neck [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Cancer of Head [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Cancer of Mouth [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Metastase [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck The most common type of head and neck carcinoma that originates from cells on the surface of the NASAL CAVITY; MOUTH; PARANASAL SINUSES, SALIVARY GLANDS, and LARYNX. Mutations in TNFRSF10B, PTEN, and ING1 genes are associated with this cancer.	2.31	1	0
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	2.31	1	0
Head and Neck Neoplasms Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)	2.31	1	0
Mouth Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.	2.31	1	0
Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.	2.31	1	0
Cancer of Stomach [description not available]	3.19	5	0
Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.	3.19	5	0
Cancer of Prostate [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.	2.17	1	0
Eye Cancer, Retinoblastoma [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Retinoblastoma A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)	7.17	1	0
Adenocarcinoma Of Kidney [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Cancer of Kidney [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Carcinoma, Renal Cell A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.	2.17	1	0
Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.	2.17	1	0
Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such as TESTOSTERONE.	2.17	1	0
Osteolysis Dissolution of bone that particularly involves the removal or loss of calcium.	7.21	1	0
Cardiometabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY.	3.39	2	0
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available]	5.12	3	1
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	10.12	3	1
Metabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state.	8.39	2	0
Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available]	2.55	2	0
Bone Cancer [description not available]	2.08	1	0
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	2.5	2	0
Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available]	2.48	2	0
Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.	2.08	1	0
Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	7.48	2	0
Lung Adenocarcinoma [description not available]	7.08	1	0
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	2.47	2	0
Adenocarcinoma of Lung A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are associated with this cancer.	2.08	1	0
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	2.47	2	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	4.68	6	1
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal.	4.15	3	1
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	4.68	6	1
Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.	4.15	3	1
Cancer of Colon [description not available]	2.51	2	0
Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON.	2.51	2	0
Heart Disease, Ischemic [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Myocardial Ischemia A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).	2.11	1	0
Overweight A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal over fat.	3.48	1	1
Prediabetes [description not available]	3.48	1	1
Prediabetic State The time period before the development of symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	3.48	1	1
Hyperlipemia [description not available]	3.4	2	0
Hyperlipidemias Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.	3.4	2	0
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.	7.11	1	0
Alcoholic Liver Diseases [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Liver Diseases, Alcoholic Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS.	2.11	1	0
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	2.13	1	0
Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.	2.13	1	0
Impaired Glucose Tolerance [description not available]	3.85	2	1
Glucose Intolerance A pathological state in which BLOOD GLUCOSE level is less than approximately 140 mg/100 ml of PLASMA at fasting, and above approximately 200 mg/100 ml plasma at 30-, 60-, or 90-minute during a GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST. This condition is seen frequently in DIABETES MELLITUS, but also occurs with other diseases and MALNUTRITION.	3.85	2	1
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available]	2.49	2	0
Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.	2.49	2	0
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available]	2.78	3	0
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.	2.78	3	0
Autoimmune Diabetes [description not available]	2.04	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.	2.04	1	0
Cancer of Cervix [description not available]	2.05	1	0
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.	2.05	1	0
Chronic Kidney Diseases [description not available]	2.05	1	0
Acute Kidney Failure [description not available]	2.05	1	0
Lactic Acidosis [description not available]	7.05	1	0
Acidosis, Lactic Acidosis caused by accumulation of lactic acid more rapidly than it can be metabolized. It may occur spontaneously or in association with diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; LEUKEMIA; or LIVER FAILURE.	2.05	1	0
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002)	2.05	1	0
Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.	7.05	1	0
Liver Steatosis [description not available]	2.05	1	0
Elevated Cholesterol [description not available]	2.05	1	0
Fatty Liver Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.	2.05	1	0
Hypercholesterolemia A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.	7.05	1	0
Atherogenesis [description not available]	2.07	1	0
Aortic Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the AORTA.	2.07	1	0
Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.	7.07	1	0
External Ear Inflammation [description not available]	2.03	1	0
Otitis Externa Inflammation of the OUTER EAR including the external EAR CANAL, cartilages of the auricle (EAR CARTILAGE), and the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE.	2.03	1	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	2.44	2	0
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	2.03	1	0
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	7.03	1	0

corosolic acid

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corosolic acid

Cross-References

Synonyms (51)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Actions

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Bioavailability

Roles (1)

Drug Classes (1)

Protein Targets (26)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Activation Measurements

Other Measurements

Biological Processes (216)

Molecular Functions (55)

Ceullar Components (45)

Bioassays (135)

Research

Studies (155)

Study Types

Related Drugs (151)

Related Conditions (154)