Glycosides are a group of compounds known to be the active principle of a natural drug. C-glycosidic bonds can be cleaved by several intestinal bacteria, as exemplified by the human faeces-derived puerarin-degrading bacterium PUE.
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| "C-Glycosides are an important type of natural product with significant bioactivities, and the C-glycosidic bonds of C-glycosides can be cleaved by several intestinal bacteria, as exemplified by the human faeces-derived puerarin-degrading bacterium Dorea strain PUE. " | ( Discovery of novel glycoside hydrolases from C-glycoside-degrading bacteria using sequence similarity network analysis. Wang, H; Wang, SJ; Wang, YK; Wei, B; Xu, XW; Yu, JB; Yu, YL, 2021) | 1.34 |
| "Glycosides are a group of compounds known to be the active principle of a natural drug." | ( [Fascination with natural glycosides]. Ikeda, T; Miyashita, H; Nakano, D; Nohara, T, 2010) | 1.38 |
Six glycosides have been identified from the nematode Ascaris suum. The glycoside have been prepared by aldol reaction of glycosyl ketones with the appropriate aromatic aldehydes.
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| "The glycosides have been prepared by aldol reaction of glycosyl ketones with the appropriate aromatic aldehydes." | ( Attachment of carbohydrates to methoxyaryl moieties leads to highly selective inhibitors of the cancer associated carbonic anhydrase isoforms IX and XII. Colinas, PA; Riafrecha, LE; Rodríguez, OM; Supuran, CT; Vullo, D, 2014) | 0.88 |
| "Six glycosides have been identified from the nematode Ascaris suum. " | ( Structure of the ascarosides from Ascaris suum. Bartley, JP; Bennett, EA; Darben, PA, 1996) | 0.85 |
| "Both glycosides have been identified for the first time in nature." | ( Glycosidically bound flavor compounds of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.). Duque, C; Knapp, H; Mayorga, H; Winterhalter, P, 2001) | 0.77 |
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| "Kae glycosides were used to produce kae via environment-friendly enzymatic hydrolysis." | ( Antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of kaempferol and its corresponding glycosides and the enzymatic preparation of kaempferol. Cao, F; Fang, X; Ge, L; Wang, J; Wang, Z; Xiao, W; Zhao, L, 2018) | 1.18 |
Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets ( TG) have a toxic effect on the reproductive system of male rats. The inhibition rate of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine glycosides is increased with increasing lipophilicity of the aglycon or spacer.
The aim of the study was to develop a novel and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of the two isomeric iridoid glycosides. The pharmacokinetics of three glycoside (magnoloside A, magnolosIDE B, and syringin) and two lignans (honokiol and magnolol) were also studied.
Valsartan in combination with tripterygium glycosides protects against chronic nephritis via suppressing the Toll-like Receptor 4 pathway.
The high proportion of flavone-O-glycosides in rye is of interest due to their known higher bioavailability. Flavonoid C-monoglycosides are poorly absorbed in human beings with very few metabolites in urine and blood. Non-flavonoid components in Ginkgo biloba extracts could increase the absorption and improve the bioavailability of flavonoids.
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| " At higher values of oxygen absorption rate both the production of epsilon-pyrromycinone glycosides in the wild strain JA 3043 and its production mutant G-167 and accumulation of free epsilon-pyrromycinone in the blocked mutant G-162 were found to be higher; the production of 7-deoxyaglycones was lower in all strains." | ( Effect of aeration efficiency and carbon source on the production of anthracyclines in Streptomyces galilaeus. Královcová, E; Vanĕk, Z, 1979) | 0.48 |
| " After oral administration to rats it will be only poorly absorbed and mostly unchanged fecaly excreted." | ( [Biotransformation of phenolglycosides leiocarposide and salicin]. Bartoszek, M; Fötsch, G; Franke, P; Hiller, K; Pfeifer, S, 1989) | 0.57 |
| " Attachment of a sugar group to the oxime derivative seems to increase the bioavailability of the antidote." | ( Sugar conjugates of pyridinium aldoximes as antidotes against organophosphate poisoning. Ashani, Y; Heldman, E; Rachaman, ES; Raveh, L, 1986) | 0.27 |
| " Daily renal glycoside excretion, as a further measure of bioavailability of digitoxin, was also unchanged by the antacid." | ( [Digitoxin blood picture and renal elimination in long-term therapy with aluminum-magnesium hydroxide gel]. Kuhlmann, J, 1984) | 0.27 |
| " The delayed time to peak after a single dose of digoxin or digitoxin during cytostatic drug therapy shows that rate of absorption of both glycosides is reduced." | ( Inhibition of digoxin absorption but not of digitoxin during cytostatic drug therapy. Kuhlmann, J, 1982) | 0.47 |
| " The drug is well absorbed from small intestine." | ( [Topoisomerase inhibitors developing in Japan]. Furue, H, 1993) | 0.29 |
| "Combination of the acronycine pharmacophore with various sugar units appeared of interest, since numerous anticancer agents possess a sugar moiety, which strongly influence both their bioavailability and their selective toxicity towards tumor cells." | ( Synthesis and anti-proliferative activity of 2-hydroxy-1,2-dihydroacronycine glycosides. Atassi, G; Koch, M; Mitaku, S; Pierré, A; Rolland, Y; Skaltsounis, AL; Tillequin, F, 1996) | 0.52 |
| "The objective was to investigate the ability of a glycosteroid (TC002) to increase the oral bioavailability of gentamicin." | ( Intestinal transport of gentamicin with a novel, glycosteroid drug transport agent. Amidon, GL; Axelrod, HR; Choe, S; Hui, YW; Kakarla, R; Kim, JS; Lipka, E; Longley, CB; Sofia, MJ; Weber, SJ, 1998) | 0.3 |
| " Bioavailability of gentamicin was determined by HPLC." | ( Intestinal transport of gentamicin with a novel, glycosteroid drug transport agent. Amidon, GL; Axelrod, HR; Choe, S; Hui, YW; Kakarla, R; Kim, JS; Lipka, E; Longley, CB; Sofia, MJ; Weber, SJ, 1998) | 0.3 |
| "The bioavailability of gentamicin was substantially increased in the presence of TC002 in both rats and dogs." | ( Intestinal transport of gentamicin with a novel, glycosteroid drug transport agent. Amidon, GL; Axelrod, HR; Choe, S; Hui, YW; Kakarla, R; Kim, JS; Lipka, E; Longley, CB; Sofia, MJ; Weber, SJ, 1998) | 0.3 |
| " The bioavailability of the rutinoside was only 20% of that of the glucoside." | ( The sugar moiety is a major determinant of the absorption of dietary flavonoid glycosides in man. Bijsman, MN; Cnossen, EP; de Vries, JH; Hollman, PC; Katan, MB; van Gameren, Y, 1999) | 0.53 |
| " It is essential to know the bioavailability of flavonoids involving intestinal absorption, metabolic conversion and urinary excretion, in order to evaluate their in vivo antioxidant activity after intake." | ( Dietary flavonoids as antioxidants in vivo: conjugated metabolites of (-)-epicatechin and quercetin participate in antioxidative defense in blood plasma. Terao, J, 1999) | 0.3 |
| " The identification of the amounts, position of substitution, and nature of the sugars is important for understanding the potential bioavailability and biological activities of flavonoids in salads." | ( Effect of variety, processing, and storage on the flavonoid glycoside content and composition of lettuce and endive. DuPont, MS; Mondin, Z; Price, KR; Williamson, G, 2000) | 0.31 |
| "We investigated whether the bioavailability of isoflavones could be enhanced by enzymatic hydrolysis of glycosides to aglycones before consumption of a nonfermented soy food." | ( Hydrolysis of isoflavone glycosides to aglycones by beta-glycosidase does not alter plasma and urine isoflavone pharmacokinetics in postmenopausal women. Bodenstab, S; Enslen, M; Offord, EA; Pridmore-Merten, S; Richelle, M, 2002) | 0.83 |
| " NP based on beta-sitosterol beta-D-glucoside (Sit-G) enhanced the colon-specific absorption of FITC-dextran 4,400 (FD-4), because the concentration-dependent increase of bioavailability appeared in only the colon." | ( Regional intestinal absorption of FITC-dextran 4,400 with nanoparticles based on beta-sitosterol beta-D-glucoside in rats. Maitani, Y; Nagai, T; Nakamura, K; Takayama, K, 2003) | 0.32 |
| " In addition, the relative concentrations of anthocyanins detected in urine following dosing varied, indicating that differences in bioavailability are due to variations in chemical structure." | ( Anthocyanin glycosides from berry fruit are absorbed and excreted unmetabolized by both humans and rats. Ainge, GD; Barnett, LE; Cooney, JM; Jensen, DJ; McGhie, TK, 2003) | 0.7 |
| " The poor bioavailability of important dietary quercetin glycosides has implications for their in vivo bioactivities." | ( The type of sugar moiety is a major determinant of the small intestinal uptake and subsequent biliary excretion of dietary quercetin glycosides. Arts, IC; Faassen-Peters, M; Hollman, PC; Sesink, AL, 2004) | 0.77 |
| " The rate of absorption was influenced by the chemical structure of the anthocyanin and varied from 10." | ( Anthocyanins are efficiently absorbed from the small intestine in rats. Besson, C; Felgines, C; Lamaison, JL; Manach, C; Rémésy, C; Talavéra, S; Texier, O, 2004) | 0.32 |
| "Dodecylmaltoside (DDM), an alkylglycoside showing tissue-permeability-enhancing properties, has been successful in improving nasal and ocular transport of poorly absorbed drugs." | ( Evaluation of dodecylmaltoside as a permeability enhancer for insulin using human carcinoma cells. Eley, JG; Tirumalasetty, PP, 2005) | 0.33 |
| " silybin beta-galactoside, silybin beta-glucoside, silybin beta-maltoside, silybin beta-lactoside were synthesized in order to improve silybin water solubility and bioavailability (Kren et al." | ( Effect of silybin and its glycosides on the expression of cytochromes P450 1A2 and 3A4 in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. Dvorák, Z; Kosina, P; Maurel, P; Ulrichová, J, 2005) | 0.63 |
| " Despite the promise, M6G is not an ideal drug because bioavailability is low and hydrolysis occurs in the gut." | ( Dynamic medicinal chemistry in the elaboration of morphine-6-glucuronide analogs. Cashman, JR; MacDougall, JM, 2005) | 0.33 |
| " The pulmonary administration of lyophilized dry powder of insulin plus octylmaltoside or its solution counterpart showed that the bioavailability of powder formulation was about 2-fold higher than that of the formulation administered as solution." | ( Inhaled insulin is better absorbed when administered as a dry powder compared to solution in the presence or absence of alkylglycosides. Ahsan, F; Hussain, A; Majumder, QH, 2006) | 0.54 |
| "The results indicate OG has potential as a permeability enhancer for poorly absorbed drugs with no significant damage to monolayers at low concentrations." | ( Permeability enhancing effects of the alkylglycoside, octylglucoside, on insulin permeation across epithelial membrane in vitro. Eley, JG; Tirumalasetty, PP, 2006) | 0.33 |
| " The assay method was successfully applied to the study of the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of ECH in rat." | ( Determination of echinacoside in rat serum by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and its application to pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. Chen, J; Jia, C; Li, Y; Shi, H; Tu, P; Wu, X, 2006) | 0.33 |
| " The exhaustive study of the profiling of these species could help further studies concerning the bioavailability of these flavonoids for epidemiological or clinical intervention studies because these species have considerable potential as healthy leafy salads because of the bioactive phytochemicals." | ( Identification of new flavonoid glycosides and flavonoid profiles to characterize rocket leafy salads (Eruca vesicaria and Diplotaxis tenuifolia). Ferreres, F; Gil, MI; Llorach, R; Martínez-Sanchez, A, 2007) | 0.62 |
| " However, the four flavone C-glucosides orientin, homoorientin, vitexin and isovitexin were poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Metabolism of flavone C-glucosides and p-coumaric acid from antioxidant of bamboo leaves (AOB) in rats. Bao, B; Tie, X; Wu, X; Zhang, Y, 2007) | 0.34 |
| " In addition, to verify the effective bioavailability of flavonoid aglycones, the degradation rates of daidzein, genistein, glycitein, and kaempferol, following incubation with selected strains, were monitored." | ( Biotransformation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) flavonoid glycosides by bifidobacterium species from human intestinal origin. Biavati, B; Bonetti, A; Catizone, P; Dinelli, G; Marotti, I, 2007) | 0.58 |
| " Pharmacokinetic study found that morroniside was absorbed and eliminated rapidly in rat and manifested linear dynamics at 10-40 mg/kg range and absolute bioavailability of morroniside was lower." | ( HPLC study of pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of morroniside in rats. Jing, X; Li, D; Li, M; Li, X; Sheng, X; Wang, Q; Zhang, L; Zhang, X; Zhou, Y, 2007) | 0.34 |
| " It is concluded that although Cy and Cyg bioavailability is low, further investigations are necessary because some important metabolites may still not have been identified." | ( Bioavailability, antioxidant and biological properties of the natural free-radical scavengers cyanidin and related glycosides. Felgines, C; Fogliano, V; Galvano, F; La Fauci, L; Vanella, L; Vitaglione, P, 2007) | 0.55 |
| "As the bioavailability of flavonoids is influenced by intestinal metabolism, we have investigated the microbial deconjugation and degradation of several flavonols and flavonol glycosides using the pig cecum in vitro model system developed in our group." | ( Deconjugation and degradation of flavonol glycosides by pig cecal microbiota characterized by Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Friedrich, AW; Hein, EM; Humpf, HU; Rose, K; van't Slot, G, 2008) | 0.8 |
| " However, poor bioavailability and temperature and light sensitivity can reduce the efficacy of drugs like curcumin." | ( Drug development for liver diseases: focus on picroliv, ellagic acid and curcumin. Girish, C; Pradhan, SC, 2008) | 0.35 |
| " For extrapolation of the present findings to in vivo effects, future studies will need to address in more detail the bioavailability of these dietary constituents." | ( Berry anthocyanins and their aglycons inhibit monoamine oxidases A and B. Domani, M; Dreiseitel, A; Hajak, G; Korte, G; Locher, S; Oehme, A; Sand, PG; Schreier, P, 2009) | 0.35 |
| " However, low oral bioavailability of quercetin due to insolubility in water has limited its use as a food additive or dietary supplement." | ( Enzymatically modified isoquercitrin, alpha-oligoglucosyl quercetin 3-O-glucoside, is absorbed more easily than other quercetin glycosides or aglycone after oral administration in rats. Kanemaru, M; Makino, T; Mizukami, H; Moriwaki, M; Shimizu, R; Suzuki, Y, 2009) | 0.56 |
| " Isoflavones occur naturally in glycoside forms having lower bioavailability than their aglycone forms." | ( Effects of the beta-glycosidase reaction on bio-conversion of isoflavones and quality during tofu processing. Ghafoor, K; Park, HR; Park, J; Ryu, YG; Won, B, 2010) | 0.36 |
| " However, absorption and metabolism of flavonoids are complex processes that determine its bioavailability which remain not clear until now." | ( Hesperidin and hesperetin membrane interaction: understanding the role of 7-O-glycoside moiety in flavonoids. Creczynski-Pasa, T; Jaramillo, C; Lima, VR; Londoño-Londoño, J, 2010) | 0.36 |
| "To study the role of β-glucosidase producing probiotic bacteria and yeast in the biotransformation of isoflavone glycosides to aglycones, mineral bioavailability and vitamin B complex in fermented soymilk." | ( Bioconversion of isoflavone glycosides to aglycones, mineral bioavailability and vitamin B complex in fermented soymilk by probiotic bacteria and yeast. Rekha, CR; Vijayalakshmi, G, 2010) | 0.87 |
| " Increase in bioavailability of minerals and vitamin B complex were also observed in fermented soymilk." | ( Bioconversion of isoflavone glycosides to aglycones, mineral bioavailability and vitamin B complex in fermented soymilk by probiotic bacteria and yeast. Rekha, CR; Vijayalakshmi, G, 2010) | 0.65 |
| " boulardii has great potential for the enrichment of bioactive isoflavones, enhancing the viability of LAB strains, decreasing the antinutrient phytic acid and increasing the mineral bioavailability in soymilk fermentation." | ( Bioconversion of isoflavone glycosides to aglycones, mineral bioavailability and vitamin B complex in fermented soymilk by probiotic bacteria and yeast. Rekha, CR; Vijayalakshmi, G, 2010) | 0.65 |
| "Fermentation of soymilk with probiotic organisms improves the bioavailability of isoflavones, assists in digestion of protein, provides more soluble calcium, enhances intestinal health and supports immune system." | ( Bioconversion of isoflavone glycosides to aglycones, mineral bioavailability and vitamin B complex in fermented soymilk by probiotic bacteria and yeast. Rekha, CR; Vijayalakshmi, G, 2010) | 0.65 |
| " We examined the effect of alpha-oligoglucosylation of the sugar moiety of quercetin monoglucoside on its bioavailability in humans." | ( alpha-Oligoglucosylation of a sugar moiety enhances the bioavailability of quercetin glucosides in humans. Fujikura, Y; Kashino, Y; Kato, Y; Koda, T; Matsuda, N; Murota, K; Nakamura, T; Okuyama, S; Sekido, K; Shimizu, R; Tanaka, H; Terao, J, 2010) | 0.36 |
| "The aim of this study was to investigate the bioavailability of anthocyanins from chokeberry juice with a dietary-relevant dose of anthocyanins." | ( Bioavailability of cyanidin glycosides from natural chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) juice with dietary-relevant dose of anthocyanins in humans. Piskula, MK; Romaszko, E; Wiczkowski, W, 2010) | 0.65 |
| " The results indicated that the different compositions of SHL decreased absorption but increased bioavailability of forsythoside A, which may be related to its metabolism inhibited in intestine or liver." | ( Intestinal absorption of forsythoside A in different compositions of Shuang-Huang-Lian. Bi, XL; Chen, LT; Di, LQ; Shan, JJ; Wang, LC; Zhou, W, 2011) | 0.37 |
| "Published data about bioavailability and metabolism of flavonoids are reviewed." | ( [Bioavailability and metabolism of flavonoids]. Makarova, NM, 2011) | 0.37 |
| " The absorption rate constant K(a) and the hourly absorption percentages A were essentially unchanged." | ( [Study on in situ intestinal absorption of active ingredients in Shuanghuanglian oral liquid in rats]. Bi, X; Chen, L; Di, L; Du, Q; Zhou, W, 2011) | 0.37 |
| " These interactions may have important implications on the absorption and metabolism and thus the overall oral bioavailability of atazanavir." | ( Interactions between phytochemical components of Sutherlandia frutescens and the antiretroviral, atazanavir in vitro: implications for absorption and metabolism. Bendayan, R; Kanfer, I; Kis, O; Müller, AC; Patnala, S, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " In recent years, the problem of low bioavailability of Chinese glycosides has caused wide public concern." | ( [Study on herbal drugs of glycosides in brain]. Song, W; Wu, W; Yang, M; Zhang, H, 2012) | 0.92 |
| "Glycosylation is an important method for the structural modification of various flavonols, resulting in the glycosides with increased solubility, stability and bioavailability compared with the corresponding aglycone." | ( Synthesis of flavonol 3-O-glycoside by UGT78D1. Fang, Q; Hou, J; Liu, X; Ren, G; Sun, H; Wang, PG; Zhang, L, 2012) | 0.59 |
| "To explain the low bioavailability of sibiricaxanthone F (SF) following oral administration and to predict its possible metabolites in vivo, the in vitro biotransformation of SF and its metabolic stability in intestinal bacteria (BI) were studied." | ( Characterization of the metabolism of sibiricaxanthone F and its aglycone in vitro by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-trap mass spectrometry. Jiang, Y; Song, Y; Tu, P; Yang, X, 2012) | 0.38 |
| "Syringopicroside is well absorbed at the lower small intestine." | ( [Study on intestinal absorption kinetics of syringopicroside in rats]. Cao, Y; Li, Y; Lv, S; Wang, Y, 2012) | 0.38 |
| "To evaluate the activity of the orally bioavailable enfumafungin derivative MK-3118 and comparator antifungal agents tested against a collection of 113 clinical isolates of Candida spp." | ( Activity of MK-3118, a new oral glucan synthase inhibitor, tested against Candida spp. by two international methods (CLSI and EUCAST). Castanheira, M; Jones, RN; Messer, SA; Motyl, MR; Pfaller, MA, 2013) | 0.39 |
| "05) in oral bioavailability of picrosides I and II from different preparations." | ( Comparative pharmacokinetic profiles of picrosides I and II from kutkin, Picrorhiza kurroa extract and its formulation in rats. Anandjiwala, S; Dash, RP; Nivsarkar, M; Upadhyay, D, 2013) | 0.39 |
| "The aim of this study was to develop an optimal niosomal system to deliver Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) with improved oral bioavailability and to replace the conventional GbE tablets." | ( Development of a novel niosomal system for oral delivery of Ginkgo biloba extract. Garg, S; Jin, Y; Liu, D; Teng, L; Wen, J; Zhang, W; Zhou, Y, 2013) | 0.39 |
| " Self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) is a vital tool in solving low bioavailability of poor absorption drugs." | ( Enhanced bioavailability of total paeony glycoside by self-microemulsifying drug delivery system. Chen, LJ; Gao, F; Li, L; Liu, Y, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " To investigate their bioavailability in in vivo animal studies an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method has been developed." | ( An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of plasma flavonoids in mice fed apigenin-C-glycoside. Angelino, D; Buondelmonte, C; Dominici, S; Gennari, L; Giorgi, L; Ninfali, P, 2013) | 0.39 |
| " The assay represents a useful tool for rapid screening to compare bioavailability of apigenin flavonoids in respect to control animals." | ( An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of plasma flavonoids in mice fed apigenin-C-glycoside. Angelino, D; Buondelmonte, C; Dominici, S; Gennari, L; Giorgi, L; Ninfali, P, 2013) | 0.39 |
| " Studies on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of MSL can provide both a substantial foundation for understanding its mechanism and empirical evidence to support its use in clinical practice." | ( Pharmacokinetics of methyl salicylate-2-O-β-D-lactoside, a novel salicylic acid analog isolated from Gaultheria yunnanensis, in dogs. Du, G; Huang, C; Ma, X; Xin, W; Zhang, D; Zhang, T; Zhang, W, 2013) | 0.39 |
| "Slow terminal elimination features of the flavonols counterbalanced the influence of poor oral bioavailability on their systemic exposure levels, which also resulted in significant accumulation of the compounds in plasma during the subchronic treatment with ShuXueNing injection and GBE50." | ( Systemic and cerebral exposure to and pharmacokinetics of flavonols and terpene lactones after dosing standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts to rats via different routes of administration. Chen, F; Du, F; Li, C; Li, L; Li, X; Ma, X; Sun, Y; Wang, F; Xu, F; Zhang, N; Zhong, C, 2013) | 0.39 |
| "The in vivo bioavailability of the flavone-C-glycosides has been little studied compared to their O-glycoside analogues, which are both more common in nature and considered more easily hydrolyzed than C-glycosides, by both enterocytes and gut microbiota." | ( Caecal absorption of vitexin-2-O-xyloside and its aglycone apigenin, in the rat. Angelino, D; Berhow, M; Jeffery, EH; Ninfali, P, 2013) | 0.65 |
| " The results indicate that urine is the primary route of kakkalide elimination in vivo and that extensive metabolism may be one of the reasons for the low bioavailability of kakkalide." | ( Metabolism and excretion of kakkalide and its metabolites in rat urine, bile, and feces as determined by HPLC/UV and LC/MS/MS. Bai, X; Kano, Y; Makino, T; Sun, J; Wang, H; Yuan, D, 2013) | 0.39 |
| " This may be due to physiochemical degradation during gastrointestinal digestion and their poor bioavailability in in vivo studies." | ( Stability and absorption of anthocyanins from blueberries subjected to a simulated digestion process. Ji, B; Liu, Y; Wang, D; Wei, Y; Wu, J; Wu, Y; Zhang, D, 2014) | 0.4 |
| " Our objective was to determine the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of SDG in purified flaxseed extracts under dose-ranging and steady-state conditions, and to examine whether differences in secoisolariciresinol-diglycoside purity influence bioavailability." | ( Metabolism of secoisolariciresinol-diglycoside the dietary precursor to the intestinally derived lignan enterolactone in humans. Brown, NM; Heubi, JE; Jha, P; Setchell, KD; Wolfe, B; Zimmer-Nechemias, L, 2014) | 0.4 |
| "Although linarin possesses diverse pharmacological activities, its poor oral bioavailability has been a concern for further development." | ( Effects of piperine on the intestinal permeability and pharmacokinetics of linarin in rats. Di, X; Feng, X; Liu, Y; Wang, X, 2014) | 0.4 |
| " The compound of typhaneoside has a low bioavailability according to the results." | ( Simultaneous determination of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, ferulic acid, tetrahydropalmatine, protopine, typhaneoside, senkyunolide I in Beagle dogs plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study after Oral Administration of Shaofu Zhuyu Cui, W; Duan, JA; Guo, J; Huang, X; Huang, Z; Li, Z; Liu, P; Qian, D; Shang, E; Su, S, 2014) | 0.4 |
| "These results indicate that non-flavonoid components in Ginkgo biloba extracts could increase the absorption and improve the bioavailability of flavonoid glycosides but decrease the absorption and reduce the bioavailability of flavonoid aglycones." | ( Interactions of pharmacokinetic profile of different parts from Ginkgo biloba extract in rats. Duan, J; Guan, H; Nie, H; Qian, D; Ren, H; Shang, E; Zhang, W, 2014) | 0.6 |
| "Phenylethanoid glycosides, the main active ingredients in Fructus Forsythiae extract possesses strong antibacterial, antioxidant and antiviral effects, and their contents were higher largely than that of other ingredients such as lignans and flavones, but their absolute bioavailability orally was significantly low, which influenced clinical efficacies of its oral preparations seriously." | ( Effect of chito-oligosaccharide on the intestinal absorptions of phenylethanoid glycosides in Fructus Forsythiae extract. Cai, B; Di, L; Liu, T; Shan, J; Tan, X; Zhou, W, 2014) | 0.98 |
| " These results explain that glycosylation increased the bioavailability of baicalein by helping to protect this vital molecule from chemical or enzymatic oxidation." | ( Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel baicalein glycoside as an anti-inflammatory agent. Baek, NI; Cha, J; Ha, KT; Joo, M; Kim, KH; Moon, KO; Park, CS; Park, H; Park, YD, 2014) | 0.4 |
| " Derivatives of enfumafungin are novel orally bioavailable glucan synthase inhibitors." | ( Pharmacodynamic target evaluation of a novel oral glucan synthase inhibitor, SCY-078 (MK-3118), using an in vivo murine invasive candidiasis model. Andes, DR; Lepak, AJ; Marchillo, K, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " The results showed that PRE is primarily transported via poorly absorbed passive diffusion down a concentration gradient without efflux, which provides the pharmacokinetic basis for the clinical application of PhGs in CD." | ( Evaluation of the intestinal transport of a phenylethanoid glycoside-rich extract from Cistanche deserticola across the Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Cai, R; Chen, X; Fang, L; Gao, Y; Liu, F; Qi, Y; Shi, Y; Zong, C, 2015) | 0.42 |
| "The aim of this study was to formulate ECH into phospholipid complex (phytosome, PHY) to enhance intestinal absorption and oral bioavailability of ECH in vivo." | ( Phospholipid complex as an approach for bioavailability enhancement of echinacoside. Li, F; Li, P; Yang, X; Yang, Y; Yang, Z; Zhang, C, 2015) | 0.42 |
| "The PHY was prepared by a solvent evaporation method and was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy (IR), and then the physicochemical properties, intestinal absorption and bioavailability of the PHY were investigated." | ( Phospholipid complex as an approach for bioavailability enhancement of echinacoside. Li, F; Li, P; Yang, X; Yang, Y; Yang, Z; Zhang, C, 2015) | 0.42 |
| "Compared with ECH alone or the MIX group, the relative bioavailability of ECH was increased significantly after formulation into PHY (p < 0." | ( Phospholipid complex as an approach for bioavailability enhancement of echinacoside. Li, F; Li, P; Yang, X; Yang, Y; Yang, Z; Zhang, C, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " Data on bioavailability of cyanide after consumption of foods containing high levels of cyanogenic glycosides as presented herein were necessary to allow a meaningful risk assessment for these foods." | ( Bioavailability of cyanide after consumption of a single meal of foods containing high levels of cyanogenic glycosides: a crossover study in humans. Abraham, K; Buhrke, T; Lampen, A, 2016) | 0.86 |
| ", enterohepatic, enteric and local recycling) plays a central role in governing the disposition of phenolics such as flavonoids, resulting in low systemic bioavailability but higher gut bioavailability and longer than expected apparent half-life." | ( Triple Recycling Processes Impact Systemic and Local Bioavailability of Orally Administered Flavonoids. Dai, P; Hu, M; Li, Q; Liu, Z; Lu, L; Luo, F; Wang, L; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Zhu, L, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " We conducted a two-period, two-sequence crossover study to compare the bioavailability of quercetin when administered in the form of a fresh red onion meal (naturally glycosylated quercetin) or dietary supplement (aglycone quercetin) under fasting conditions." | ( Comparison of the urinary excretion of quercetin glycosides from red onion and aglycone from dietary supplements in healthy subjects: a randomized, single-blinded, cross-over study. Shi, Y; Williamson, G, 2015) | 0.67 |
| "To elucidate the bioavailability of luteolin and its glycosides in Chrysanthemum morifolium flowers, the absorption and metabolism of luteolin from them was investigated in rats and Caco-2 cells using HPLC and LC-MS." | ( Absorption and Metabolism of Luteolin and Its Glycosides from the Extract of Chrysanthemum morifolium Flowers in Rats and Caco-2 Cells. Fujita, K; Hosoya, T; Imai, S; Shimoi, K; Yasuda, MT, 2015) | 0.92 |
| " After treatment with morroniside, the activity, mRNA and protein expression of CYP3A were significantly induced and the absorbance and bioavailability of midazolam in rats were reduced." | ( Induction of CYP3A by morroniside in rats. Li, J; Wang, X; Xiong, S; Zhang, W; Zhang, Z, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " However, the extremely low oral bioavailability of ECH in rats implies that ECH may go through multiple hydrolysis steps in the gastrointestinal tract prior to its absorption into the blood." | ( Identification of Echinacoside Metabolites Produced by Human Intestinal Bacteria Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Li, X; Li, Y; Tu, P; Xing, S; Zhou, G, 2015) | 0.42 |
| "This present study investigated the absorption kinetics of echinacoside (ECH) in situ and in vitro and its oral bioavailability in rats." | ( Enhancement of absorption and bioavailability of echinacoside by verapamil or clove oil. Kou, JP; Li, F; Shen, JY; Yang, XL; Yang, ZL, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " Pharmacokinetics study was performed to investigate the influences of verapamil and clove oil on ECH bioavailability in vivo." | ( Enhancement of absorption and bioavailability of echinacoside by verapamil or clove oil. Kou, JP; Li, F; Shen, JY; Yang, XL; Yang, ZL, 2015) | 0.42 |
| "The absorption and bioavailability of ECH were enhanced by verapamil and clove oil, respectively, both in vitro and in vivo." | ( Enhancement of absorption and bioavailability of echinacoside by verapamil or clove oil. Kou, JP; Li, F; Shen, JY; Yang, XL; Yang, ZL, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " The results showed that the compound was poorly absorbed (∼0." | ( Development and validation of a UFLC-MS/MS method for the determination of anhydrosafflor yellow B in rat plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic study. Cui, X; Duan, JA; Jin, Y; Li, S; Qian, D; Qian, L; Qu, C; Shan, C; Shen, J; Shi, X; Tang, Y; Wu, L; Yang, H; Yue, S; Zhang, L, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " Flavonoid C-monoglycosides are poorly absorbed in human beings with very few metabolites in urine and blood and are deglycosylated and degraded by human intestinal bacteria in colon." | ( Advance on the Flavonoid C-glycosides and Health Benefits. Capanoglu, E; Jassbi, AR; Miron, A; Xiao, J, 2016) | 1.07 |
| " However, the extremely low oral bioavailability of acteoside in rats implies that these structural similar components may go through multiple sequential routes of hydrolysis in gastrointestinal tract before they are absorbed into blood." | ( Screening and identification of three typical phenylethanoid glycosides metabolites from Cistanches Herba by human intestinal bacteria using UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. Li, X; Li, Y; Peng, Y; Tu, P; Zhou, G, 2016) | 0.68 |
| " Thus, to improve the oral bioavailability of tilianin, composite phospholipid liposomes were adopted in this work as a novel nanoformulation." | ( Optimization of the process variables of tilianin-loaded composite phospholipid liposomes based on response surface-central composite design and pharmacokinetic study. He, C; Huang, W; Jiang, W; Tan, M; Xing, J; Yang, X; Zeng, C, 2016) | 0.43 |
| " To overcome the limited bioavailability and bioefficacy of natural products, new techniques using nanoparticles and nanocarriers may offer a new attractive strategy for increased in vivo utilization and targeted delivery of bioactives." | ( Targeting Reactive Carbonyl Species with Natural Sequestering Agents. Aldini, G; Hwang, SW; Lee, YM; Yeum, KJ, 2016) | 0.43 |
| "This study aimed to evaluate the potential of a novel glycoside non-ionic surfactant synthesized and characterized in our laboratory for increased oral bioavailability of Cefixime." | ( Glycoside-based niosomal nanocarrier for enhanced in-vivo performance of Cefixime. Ahmad, F; Ali, I; Elhissi, AM; Imran, M; Nawaz, W; Sadiq, A; Shah, MR; Ullah, F; Ullah, S, 2016) | 0.43 |
| " Previously, we have reported that oral bioavailability of picroside I and II is low." | ( In vitro - In vivo metabolism and pharmacokinetics of picroside I and II using LC-ESI-MS method. Anandjiwala, S; Nivsarkar, M; Padh, H; Upadhyay, D, 2016) | 0.43 |
| " We also cover recent pharmacologic efforts to improve the poor bioavailability of resveratrol and influence the transition between body systems in humans." | ( Resveratrol: How Much Wine Do You Have to Drink to Stay Healthy? Weiskirchen, R; Weiskirchen, S, 2016) | 0.43 |
| " The number of papers published reporting in vitro bioavailability and bioactivity of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich plant extracts is numerous and still increasing." | ( In vitro bioavailability and cellular bioactivity studies of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich plant extracts: questions, considerations and future perspectives. Gonzales, GB, 2017) | 0.46 |
| "Daidzein, which is scarce in nature, has gained significant attention due to its superior biological activity and bioavailability compared with daidzin." | ( Highly Efficient Enzymatic Preparation of Daidzein in Deep Eutectic Solvents. Cheng, QB; Zhang, LW, 2017) | 0.46 |
| "We studied the antifungal activity of SCY-078 (an orally bioavailable 1,3-β -d- glucan synthesis inhibitor), micafungin and fluconazole against the planktonic and sessile forms of 178 Candida and non- Candida isolates causing fungaemia in patients recently admitted to a large European hospital." | ( The novel oral glucan synthase inhibitor SCY-078 shows in vitro activity against sessile and planktonic Candida spp. Bouza, E; Escribano, P; Gómez-Perosanz, M; Guinea, J; Marcos-Zambrano, LJ, 2017) | 0.46 |
| " The current strategies to improve the bioavailability of pro-angiogenic growth factors, including VEGF and FGF2, have remained largely unsuccessful." | ( A glycan-based approach to therapeutic angiogenesis. Antelope, O; Chua, JS; Kalita, M; Kuberan, B; Muruganandam, G; Quintero, MV; Saijoh, Y; Tran, VM, 2017) | 0.46 |
| " The results indicate high bioavailability of triterpene glycosides from C racemosa extract Ze 450." | ( In Vitro and In Situ Characterization of Triterpene Glycosides From Cimicifuga racemosa Extract. Disch, L; Drewe, J; Forsch, K; Fricker, G; Siewert, B, 2017) | 0.95 |
| "SCY-078 is an orally bioavailable triterpenoid glucan synthase inhibitor in clinical development as an intravenous and oral treatment of fungal infections caused by Candida and Aspergillus species." | ( Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interaction Potential for Coadministered SCY-078, an Oral Fungicidal Glucan Synthase Inhibitor, and Tacrolimus. Angulo, D; Atiee, G; Corr, C; Hyman, M; Murphy, G; Willett, M; Wring, S, 2019) | 0.51 |
| " However, some reports have shown that anthocyanin is poorly absorbed in the small intestine." | ( Intestinal absorption of black chokeberry cyanidin 3-glycosides is promoted by capsaicin and capsiate in a rat ligated small intestinal loop model. Chiji, H; Higuchi, O; Sakaguchi, H; Suzuki, T; Takahashi, A, 2019) | 0.76 |
| " Poliumoside is also regarded as the main active component of Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun (CK), though its oral bioavailability in rat is extremely low (0." | ( Identification of poliumoside metabolites in rat plasma, urine, bile, and intestinal bacteria with UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. Lu, DY; Ma, ZG; Qian, H; Wang, H; Wu, BJ; Yu, FJ; Zhang, XW, 2018) | 0.48 |
| " Their different forms influence bioavailability and biological activity, causing problems with the selection of plant material for specific purposes." | ( Flavonoids enantiomer distribution in different parts of goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea L.), lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.). Bajkacz, S; Baranowska, I; Buszewski, B; Kowalski, B; Kruk, J; Ligor, M, 2019) | 0.51 |
| " The results suggest that coconsumption GTE or EnzGTE with GTE-derived flavonols could improve the bioavailability of epicatechins." | ( Impact of Bioconversion of Gallated Catechins and Flavonol Glycosides on Bioaccessibility and Intestinal Cellular Uptake of Catechins. Balusamy, SR; Choi, EH; Kim, DO; Rha, CS; Shim, SM, 2019) | 0.76 |
| "Glycosylation is an efficient strategy to modulate the solubility, stability, bioavailability and bioactivity of drug-like natural products." | ( Microbial Transformation of Flavonoids by Dou, F; Dun, B; Li, G; Wang, Z, 2019) | 0.51 |
| " In the present study, the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability studies of morroniside were conducted on Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats." | ( The absorption of oral morroniside in rats: In vivo, in situ and in vitro studies. Li, J; Mu, Y; Xiong, S; Zhang, Z, 2019) | 0.51 |
| "To evaluate the safety and efficacy of two dosing regimens of oral ibrexafungerp (formerly SCY-078), a novel orally bioavailable β-glucan synthase inhibitor, in subjects with invasive candidiasis versus the standard of care (SOC) and to identify the dose to achieve target exposure (15." | ( MSG-10: a Phase 2 study of oral ibrexafungerp (SCY-078) following initial echinocandin therapy in non-neutropenic patients with invasive candidiasis. Angulo, D; Helou, S; Pappas, PG; Powderly, WG; Pullman, J; Spec, A; Thompson, GR; Tobin, EH; Vazquez, J; Wring, SA, 2019) | 0.51 |
| " The present study aimed to formulate lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNs) as carriers for the sustained release and oral bioavailability enhancement of TIL in vitro and in vivo." | ( Improved oral delivery of tilianin through lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles to enhance bioavailability. Du, Y; Lan, W; Xing, J; Yang, X; Zeng, C; Zheng, R, 2019) | 0.51 |
| " These findings can be useful to identify new candidates which can be clinically developed as analgesics with better bioavailability and reduced side effects." | ( The analgesic potential of glycosides derived from medicinal plants. Atanasov, AG; Bishayee, A; Das, N; Intagliata, S; Khan, H; Nabavi, SM; Nagulapalli Venkata, KC; Najda, A; Pervaiz, A; Pittalà, V; Wang, D, 2020) | 0.86 |
| "The ability of glycosyltransferases (GTs) to reduce volatility, increase solubility, and thus alter the bioavailability of small molecules through glycosylation has attracted immense attention in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical industries." | ( Comparative Analysis of High-Throughput Assays of Family-1 Plant Glycosyltransferases. McGraphery, K; Schwab, W, 2020) | 0.56 |
| " Upon ingestion, their bioavailability and functionality depend on hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond by endogenous or microbial glycosidases." | ( Weaning affects the glycosidase activity towards phenolic glycosides in the gut of piglets. De Smet, S; Degroote, J; Desmet, T; Michiels, J; Van Liefferinge, E; Van Noten, N, 2020) | 0.8 |
| " The high proportion of flavone-O-glycosides in rye is of interest due to their known higher bioavailability relative to typical cereal grain C-glycosides." | ( Rye flavonoids - Structural profile of the flavones in diverse varieties and effect of fermentation and heat on their structure and antioxidant properties. Awika, JM; Queiroz, VAV; Ravisankar, S, 2020) | 0.84 |
| " The attempts to understand their metabolic pathways to improve their bioavailability are investigated." | ( Therapeutic potential of phenylethanoid glycosides: A systematic review. Cao, H; El-Seedi, HR; Georgiev, MI; Lu, B; Nahar, L; Sarker, SD; Wu, L; Xiao, J, 2020) | 0.83 |
| " However, the bioavailability of herbacetin is low and the toxicity of herbacetin has not been studied." | ( A comprehensive review of herbacetin: From chemistry to pharmacological activities. Tan, X; Wei, X; Zhao, Z; Zhong, R, 2021) | 0.62 |
| " Besides, fermentation and hydrolysis are effective ways to convert glycosides into aglycones, thus increasing the bioavailability of compounds." | ( Phenolic composition and biological activities of stingless bee honey: An overview based on its aglycone and glycoside compounds. Biluca, FC; Braghini, F; Costa, ACO; Fett, R; Gonzaga, LV; Santos, ACD, 2021) | 0.86 |
| "Stilbene-glycoside (THSG) is a promising dietary supplement with remarkable biological properties, however, its poor stability and low oral bioavailability hinder its application as an ingredient in functional foods." | ( Enhanced stability of stilbene-glycoside-loaded nanoparticles coated with carboxymethyl chitosan and chitosan hydrochloride. Abd El-Aty, AM; Liu, S; Ma, C; Sun, T; Wang, Y; Yang, M; Yang, Q; Zhang, J, 2022) | 0.72 |
| "01) values in steamed rhubarb showed that most components of steamed rhubarb have lower bioavailability in plasma compared with raw rhubarb." | ( Simultaneous quantification of anthraquinone glycosides, aglycones, and glucuronic acid metabolites in rat plasma and tissues after oral administration of raw and steamed rhubarb in blood stasis rats by UHPLC-MS/MS. Liu, Y; Xiao, Y; Xu, Y; Zhang, J; Zhang, P; Zhou, P, 2022) | 0.98 |
| " However, the low solubility and poor bioavailability of quercetin have limited its applications; therefore, the researchers have tried to design and synthesize many new derivatives of quercetin through different strategies to modify quercetin restrictions and improve its biological activities." | ( O-Glycoside quercetin derivatives: Biological activities, mechanisms of action, and structure-activity relationship for drug design, a review. Alizadeh, SR; Ebrahimzadeh, MA, 2022) | 0.72 |
| " The sugar moieties of DG enhance bioavailability and pharmacological activities." | ( Antiviral, Anticancer and Hypotensive Potential of Diphyllin Glycosides and their Mechanisms of Action. Nekrakalaya, B; Ramaiah, CK, 2022) | 0.96 |
| " Centell-S increased oral bioavailability of major triterpenoid glycosides and can be further developed into a phytopharmaceutical product." | ( Increase water solubility of Centella asiatica extract by indigenous bioenhancers could improve oral bioavailability and disposition kinetics of triterpenoid glycosides in beagle dogs. Boonyarattanasoonthorn, T; Buranasudja, V; Khemawoot, P; Kijtawornrat, A; Nuengchamnong, N; Songvut, P, 2022) | 1.16 |
| "The bioavailability of apigenin and its O-glycosides in humans was investigated with apigenin-4'-glucuronide (Ap-4'-GlcUA), apigenin-7-glucuronide and apigenin-7-sulfate being identified as in vivo metabolites." | ( Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of apigenin and its glycosides in healthy male adults. Borges, G; Crozier, A; Ensunsa, JL; Fong, RY; Kimball, J; Medici, V; Ottaviani, JI, 2022) | 1.22 |
| " However, their bioavailability is limited by their poor water solubility." | ( Excipient-free nanodispersions dominated by amphiphilic glycosides for bioavailability enhancement of hydrophobic aglycones, a case of glycyrrhetinic acid with diammonium glycyrrhizinate. Chen, J; Cheng, H; Cheng, J; Cui, X; Fu, T; Jia, X; Li, H; Li, J; Qiao, H; Wang, L; Wang, Z; Yuan, D, 2022) | 0.97 |
| " Since soy isoflavones exist in glycoside forms, their bioavailability requires initial hydrolysis of the sugar moieties bound to them to be efficiently absorbed through the gut epithelium." | ( Engineering of Jeong, KJ; Son, J, 2022) | 0.72 |
| " Echinacoside (ECH), a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from Chinese herbal medicine, Cistanche salsa, can inhibit HCC progression; however, poor absorption and low bioavailability limit its biological applications." | ( Targeting UBR5 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and precise treatment via echinacoside nanodelivery. Ma, X; Mai, Z; Song, Y; Wang, G; Wang, M; Xia, W; Ye, Y; Zhang, M; Zhou, B, 2022) | 0.72 |
| " and the bioavailability of flavonoid glycosides in the tincture was higher than that of the other two preparations." | ( Differences in in vivo absorption of flavone glycosides, flavone aglycones and terpene lactones under different dosage forms and physiological conditions. Bai, J; Du, S; Li, P; Lu, Y; Luo, J; Ren, H; Wang, X; Ye, J, 2023) | 1.44 |
| " Glycosylation has profound effects on decreasing toxicity, increasing bioavailability and stability, together with changing bioactivity of polyphenolic compounds." | ( Engineered production of bioactive polyphenolic O-glycosides. Barton, CD; Ren, J; Zhan, J, ) | 0.38 |
| " The metabolic details of GM on MSTG-A, MSTG-B and Gualtherin were clarified in this study, providing data support and basis for clinical development and bioavailability improvement." | ( Biotransformation and metabolism of three methyl salicylate glycosides by gut microbiota in vitro. Chai, K; Deng, Q; Dong, Y; He, Y; Li, X; Lv, F; Ren, X; Shan, D; She, G; Song, R; Wang, X; Zhao, Y; Zheng, Y; Zhong, X, 2023) | 1.15 |
| "Designing oral drug delivery systems using intestinal glucose transporters (IGTs) may be one of the strategies for improving oral bioavailability of drugs." | ( Strain differences in the drug transport capacity of intestinal glucose transporters in Sprague-Dawley versus Wistar rats, C57BL/6J versus Kunming mice. Cai, Z; Chen, J; Chen, Z; Huang, B; Jia, J; Li, Y; Liang, Y; Lin, Z; Pan, Y; Shi, B, 2023) | 0.91 |
| " Given that ECH has an extremely low bioavailability and gut microbiota drives the CRC progression, we hypothesized that ECH could inhibit metastatic CRC by targeting the gut microbiome." | ( Echinacoside inhibits colorectal cancer metastasis via modulating the gut microbiota and suppressing the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. He, F; Hou, X; Hu, L; Jia, F; Wei, J; Yuan, F; Yuan, Y; Zhao, L; Zheng, Z, 2024) | 1.44 |
| " Several crucial concerns surfaced, encompassing the recognition of active metabolites that exhibited inadequate bioavailability in their prototype form, the establishment of precise molecular signal pathways or targets associated with the aforementioned effects of echinacoside, and the scarcity of dependable clinical trials." | ( Echinacoside: A promising active natural products and pharmacological agents. Jiang, S; Wang, W; Zhao, Y; Zhu, G, 2023) | 0.91 |
Chlorogenic acid and gardenia glycosides were found to be DNA-binders via both minor groove-binding and intercalation modes. Spermatogenesis and turnover of basic nuclear protein synthesis in late elongated spermatids of rat testis were foundto be significantly inhibi.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " Otherwise, dosage was increased gradually to a maximum of four tablets twice daily until defecation occurred or until the four-day treatment period was over." | ( Management of postoperative constipation in anorectal surgery. Corman, ML, 1979) | 0.26 |
| " As papaverine (10(-5) M), AP 10 (10(-4) M) shifted to the left the atrial dose-response curve for isoproterenol." | ( In vitro and in vivo myocardial effects of a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor structurally related to natural cardenolides. Nemoz, G; Pacheco, H; Prigent, AF; Roche, M, 1979) | 0.26 |
| " In the animals given tribenoside in either dosage arthrotic lesions were significantly less frequent and less severe." | ( [Preventive effect of tribenoside in spontaneous arthrosis of the mouse]. Wilhelmi, G, ) | 0.13 |
| "Wistar rats, about 100 g in weight, were dosed by stomach tube with 30 mg of pure linamarin." | ( Fate of orally dosed linamarin in the rat. Alexander, JC; Barrett, MD; Hill, DC; Zitnak, A, 1977) | 0.26 |
| " Except in animals treated with the highest dosage tested, in which there was a significant decrease in the development of osteoporosis, tribenoside in the range of doses used had no influence on these skeletal changes." | ( Suitability of the C57 black mouse as an experimental animal for the study of skeletal changes due to ageing, with special reference to osteo-arthrosis and its response to tribenoside. Faust, R; Wilhelmi, G, 1976) | 0.26 |
| " The dose-response relationship in the foot volume reducing activity of the drug was measured quantitatively." | ( [New method for the exact determination of changes in the size of the leg for the quantification of therapeutic success in various angiopathies]. Diebschlag, VW, 1975) | 0.25 |
| " Although all three stages could be observed in a given retina, a single stage typically predominated, depending on the particular dosage regimen." | ( Xyloside-induced disruption of interphotoreceptor matrix proteoglycans results in retinal detachment. Hageman, GS; Lazarus, HS, 1992) | 0.28 |
| " At a dosage range in mice of 50-12." | ( Antimutagens from Momordica charantia. Dayrit, F; Finch, P; Guevara, AP; Lim-Sylianco, C, 1990) | 0.28 |
| "Spermatogenesis and turnover of basic nuclear protein synthesis in late elongated spermatids of rat testis were found to be significantly inhibited by glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook (T II) at a daily dosage of 10 mg/kg for 7 or 13 weeks and 20 mg/kg for 4 or 10 weeks." | ( [Effect of glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook on the reproductive system and major organs of male rats]. Lu, QX, 1990) | 0.87 |
| "6 mg/ml of the extract, higher concentration of the extracts (3 mg/ml) depressed the log dose-response curve of acetylcholine and carbachol." | ( Neuromuscular blocking activity of a glycosidic extract of the plant Sarcolobus globosus. Hadi, AH; Mustafa, MR, 1990) | 0.28 |
| " The assay system gave a linear dose-response curve in the range of 2-120 micrograms of lysozyme in a 15-60 min incubation." | ( p-nitrophenyl penta-N-acetyl-beta-chitopentaoside as a novel synthetic substrate for the colorimetric assay of lysozyme. Nanjo, F; Sakai, K; Usui, T, 1988) | 0.27 |
| " to vitamin D-deficient rats, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 1alpha,-25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were detected in the serum at levels less than or equal to those noted in animals dosed with the respective free sterols." | ( Biologic activity of 3beta-D-glucopyranosides of vitamin D compounds. Gross, M; Kost, SB; Kumar, R; Labler, L; Londowski, JM; Meier, W, 1985) | 0.27 |
| " On the 3rd day of the pengitoxin dosage schedule, a mean plasma level of 18." | ( Pharmacokinetics of pengitoxin and its therapeutic efficacy in congestive heart failure. Haustein, KO; Wesser, M, 1988) | 0.27 |
| " To determine whether quinidine affects digitoxin kinetics and cardiac efficacy, we measured glycoside plasma concentrations and renal excretion as well as ECG parameters and systolic time intervals before and during quinidine dosing in eight healthy subjects at steady state." | ( Effects of quinidine on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of digitoxin achieving steady-state conditions. Dohrmann, M; Kuhlmann, J; Marcin, S, 1986) | 0.27 |
| "The metabolic fates of 14C-phenol and its model plant conjugates 14C-phenyl glucoside and 14C-phenyl 6-O-malonyl-glucoside have been compared following equimolar oral dosing to rats (1." | ( A comparison of the metabolic fate of phenol, phenyl glucoside and phenyl 6-O-malonyl-glucoside in the rat. Edwards, VT; Hutson, DH; Jones, BC, 1986) | 0.27 |
| " The dose-response curve for all four effects shows peak activity at 2 microg/ml." | ( Inhibitory and stimulatory effects of concanavalin A on the response of mouse spleen cell suspensions to antigen. I. Characterization of the inhibitory cell activity. Dutton, RW, 1972) | 0.25 |
| " Houseflies, blowflies and New Zealand grass grubs were dosed with 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol or p-nitrophenol." | ( The conjugation of phenols with phosphate in grass grubs and flies. Binning, A; Darby, FJ; Heenan, MP; Smith, JN, 1967) | 0.25 |
| " (Leguminosae), was rapidly hydrolyzed to 3-nitropropanol (NPOH) in the rumen of cattle dosed with timber milkvetch (A." | ( Absorption of 3-nitropropanol (miserotoxin aglycone) from the compound stomach of cattle. Majak, W; Muir, AD; Pass, MA; Rode, LM, 1984) | 0.27 |
| " The conventional low dosage nitrite/thiosulfate (6." | ( Cyanide intoxication in sheep; therapeutics. Burrows, GE, 1981) | 0.26 |
| " Our results indicate the need for very exact monitoring of digoxin dosage during cytostatic therapy." | ( Inhibition of digoxin absorption but not of digitoxin during cytostatic drug therapy. Kuhlmann, J, 1982) | 0.26 |
| " We conclude that serial radionuclide EF just prior to anthracycline administration is a potentially useful predictor of cardiac toxicity, and that EF depression and/or preservation of a normal EF should be weighed in the decision for administering a drug of this type at high dosage levels." | ( Anthracycline cardiotoxicity: clinical and pathologic outcomes assessed by radionuclide ejection fraction. Hamilton, GW; Ritchie, JL; Singer, JW; Sorensen, SG; Thorning, D, 1980) | 0.26 |
| " The rats were then given a calculated LD50 dosage (13." | ( Toxicologic study of carboxyatractyloside (active principle in cocklebur--Xanthium strumarium) in rats treated with enzyme inducers and inhibitors and glutathione precursor and depletor. Clark, JD; Hatch, RC; Jain, AV; Weiss, R, 1982) | 0.26 |
| " There doesn't exist any surfactant which can be applied unrestricted in parenteral dosage forms." | ( [The hemolysis and solubilization behavior of nonionic polymer surface-active agents classes]. Bauer, KH; Reinhart, T, 1995) | 0.29 |
| " In the taenia coli, lower concentrations of both the extract and verapamil induced a parallel displacement of the dose-response curves to calcium (0." | ( Inhibition of calcium-dependent contractions of the isolated guinea-pig ileal longitudinal muscle and taenia coli by the total glycosidic extract of the plant Sarcolobus globosus. Mustafa, MR, 1993) | 0.29 |
| " It was also shown that times to reocclusion following Iliparcil or DS treatments were still increased even when heparin dosage was decreased." | ( The beneficial effect of a beta-D-xyloside, Iliparcil, in the prevention of postthrombolytic rethrombosis in the rat. Chicaud, P; Millet, J; Rademakers, JR, ) | 0.13 |
| " None of the compounds were active at low dosage levels (0." | ( Immunostimulatory effects of cycloartane-type triterpene glycosides from astragalus species. Bedir, E; Calis, I; Khan, IA; Pasco, DS; Pugh, N, 2000) | 0.55 |
| " Intact and unmetabolized anthocyanins were detected in urine of rats and humans following dosing for all molecular structures investigated, thus demonstrating that anthocyanins with diverse molecular structure and from different dietary sources are bioavailable at diet relevant dosage rates." | ( Anthocyanin glycosides from berry fruit are absorbed and excreted unmetabolized by both humans and rats. Ainge, GD; Barnett, LE; Cooney, JM; Jensen, DJ; McGhie, TK, 2003) | 0.7 |
| " In this work, we reported a comprehensive characterization of gene expression profiles of mouse hippocampus by the use of cDNA microarray system containing 1176 known genes in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) ischemic mice after treating with different dosage recipes of glycoside herbs (30, 90, and 270 mg/kg)." | ( Microarray analysis of gene expression on herbal glycoside recipes improving deficient ability of spatial learning memory in ischemic mice. Du, Q; Li, B; Liu, Z; Wang, A; Wang, F; Wang, Y; Wang, Z, 2004) | 0.32 |
| " The studies offering preparations with 50-60 mg harpagoside in the daily dosage are of better quality and provide more reliable evidence on efficacy than a proprietary ethanol extract with half the amount of harpagoside per day." | ( Effectiveness of Harpagophytum extracts and clinical efficacy. Chrubasik, S; Conradt, C; Roufogalis, BD, 2004) | 0.32 |
| "Mice were given Tripterygium Glycosides respectively with the dosage of 10 times, 20 times, 30 times of clinical dose to observe the change of mice acute hepatic injury with different does; then, the acute hepatic injury mice were duplicated with 20 times clinical dosage and mice serum ALT were detected at 9, 18, 27, 36 h to observe the change of mice acute hepatic injury at different time." | ( [Initial discussion of mice acute hepatic injury caused by Tripterygium glycosides]. Miao, MS; Peng, B; Wang, YL, 2003) | 0.84 |
| "The acute hepatic injury was obvious with 20 times adult dosage in 18 hours and the acute hepatic injury mice death rate was low." | ( [Initial discussion of mice acute hepatic injury caused by Tripterygium glycosides]. Miao, MS; Peng, B; Wang, YL, 2003) | 0.55 |
| "An accurate, precise and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS-MS) method was developed for the determination of two flavonol glycosides, rutin and quercitrin, together with the algycone markers, quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin in several Ginkgo biloba solid oral dosage forms." | ( The simultaneous determination of selected flavonol glycosides and aglycones in Ginkgo biloba oral dosage forms by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry. Dubber, MJ; Kanfer, I; Mshicileli, N; Sewram, V; Shephard, GS, 2005) | 0.78 |
| " The results showed that methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid enhanced greatly the accumulation of PeG and echinacoside (Echin), but their optimum elicitation dosage and addition time were different." | ( [Effects of methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid on phenylethanoid glycosides synthesis in suspension cultures of Cistanche deserticola]. Chen, YQ; Fu, CX; Jin, ZP; Xu, LS; Xue, XF; Zhao, DX, 2005) | 0.57 |
| " The apparent high clinical response, good tolerance, low recurrence rate, and more-complete and rapid symptom control with the highest dosage support the selection of the 200-mg twice-daily dose for further clinical development of OPT-80 for treatment of CDI." | ( Clinical outcomes, safety, and pharmacokinetics of OPT-80 in a phase 2 trial with patients with Clostridium difficile infection. Donskey, C; Goldstein, EJ; Louie, T; Miller, M; Mullane, K, 2009) | 0.35 |
| " After the identification, six different brands of GFW commercial products in various dosage forms were evaluated." | ( Identification of multiple constituents in the traditional Chinese medicine formula GuiZhiFuLing-Wan by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS. Chen, L; Wang, D; Wu, J; Yu, B; Zhu, D, 2009) | 0.35 |
| " The donor's nerve that is pretreated with TG can reduce the dosage of immunosuppressant for the recipient after allograft." | ( [Effects of tripterygium glycoside on apoptosis of the skeletal muscle after nerve allograft]. Chen, L; Huang, Y; Jiang, D; Jiang, H, 2009) | 0.35 |
| "08 microg x min/ml after the three dosage administrated." | ( Pharmacokinetics of phillyrin and forsythiaside following iv administration to Beagle dog. Jiang, XH; Li, X; Li, YX; Peng, C; Zhang, RQ, ) | 0.13 |
| " The BI strain was distributed approximately equally in the three dosing groups." | ( Typing and susceptibility of bacterial isolates from the fidaxomicin (OPT-80) phase II study for C. difficile infection. Babakhani, F; Citron, DM; Gerding, DN; Goldstein, EJ; Nagaro, K; Sambol, S; Sears, P; Shue, YK, 2009) | 0.35 |
| " And then, GTW was given to rats intragastrically at dosage of 7 or 105 mg kg(-1)day(-1) from day 15 to day 28 after immunization." | ( Comparison of toxic reaction of Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycoside in normal and adjuvant arthritic rats. He, X; Li, J; Lu, A; Lu, C; Lu, Y; Niu, X; Tan, Y; Xiao, C; Zhao, H, 2011) | 0.37 |
| " The metabolic analysis showed that a clear separation of PCA and PLS-DA score spot in normal rats, but not separation was seen in AA rats perturbed with low dosage GTW." | ( Comparison of toxic reaction of Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycoside in normal and adjuvant arthritic rats. He, X; Li, J; Lu, A; Lu, C; Lu, Y; Niu, X; Tan, Y; Xiao, C; Zhao, H, 2011) | 0.37 |
| " This research reviews glycosides and their metabolites on the role of brain diseases, the distribution in the brain tissue and recent reports of dosage form's effect to brain." | ( [Study on herbal drugs of glycosides in brain]. Song, W; Wu, W; Yang, M; Zhang, H, 2012) | 0.99 |
| " In pharmacokinetics study, water-soluble chitosan at dosage of 50mg/kg improved the bioavailability of FTA in weeping forsythia extract to the greatest extent, and was safe for gastrointestine from morphological observation." | ( Improvement of intestinal absorption of forsythoside A in weeping forsythia extract by various absorption enhancers based on tight junctions. Cai, BC; Di, LQ; Ju, WZ; Liu, SJ; Qin, KM; Shan, JJ; Zhou, W, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " Assays for off-target pharmacology and the absence of overt signs of toxicity in mice dosed with compound 1 suggest a comparatively selective pharmacology for this triterpenoid." | ( Discovery of a novel pharmacological and structural class of gamma secretase modulators derived from the extract of Actaea racemosa. Austin, WF; Clardy, J; Creaser, SP; Eckman, CB; Findeis, MA; Fraering, PC; McKee, TD; Schroeder, F; Selkoe, D; Wang, R; Yager, D, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " However, there are few dosage forms of TPG in the market because of its low bioavailability." | ( Enhanced bioavailability of total paeony glycoside by self-microemulsifying drug delivery system. Chen, LJ; Gao, F; Li, L; Liu, Y, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " Results from both in vitro, in situ as well as in vivo studies consistently indicated that Chito-oligosaccharide (COS) at dosage of 25 mg/kg could enhance intestinal permeabilities significantly as well as the in vivo bioavailabilities of both FTA and CHA than CMCs in Flos Lonicerae-Fructus Forsythiae herb couple preparations, and was safe for gastrointestine from morphological observation." | ( Improvement of intestinal absorption of forsythoside A and chlorogenic acid by different carboxymethyl chitosan and chito-oligosaccharide, application to Flos Lonicerae-Fructus Forsythiae herb couple preparations. Cai, B; Di, L; Shan, J; Wang, H; Yin, A; Zhou, W; Zhu, X, 2013) | 0.39 |
| " The flavonol glycosides occurred as major forms in plasma after dosing with ShuXueNing injection, while the flavonol aglycone conjugates were predominant in plasma after dosing with GBE50." | ( Systemic and cerebral exposure to and pharmacokinetics of flavonols and terpene lactones after dosing standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts to rats via different routes of administration. Chen, F; Du, F; Li, C; Li, L; Li, X; Ma, X; Sun, Y; Wang, F; Xu, F; Zhang, N; Zhong, C, 2013) | 0.75 |
| " Comparisons performed among the dosing schedules indicated that dosing immediately before breakfast maximized the PD effects of LX4211 on both SGLT1 and SGLT2 inhibition." | ( Effects of LX4211, a dual sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters 1 and 2 inhibitor, on postprandial glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and peptide tyrosine tyrosine in a dose-timing study in healthy subjects. Banks, P; Boehm, KA; Frazier, K; Freiman, J; Ogbaa, I; Powell, D; Ruff, D; Sands, A; Turnage, A; Zambrowicz, B, 2013) | 0.39 |
| "This clinical study indicates that dosing of LX4211 immediately before breakfast maximized the PD effects of both SGLT1 and SGLT 2 inhibition and provided a convenient dosing schedule for future trials." | ( Effects of LX4211, a dual sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters 1 and 2 inhibitor, on postprandial glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and peptide tyrosine tyrosine in a dose-timing study in healthy subjects. Banks, P; Boehm, KA; Frazier, K; Freiman, J; Ogbaa, I; Powell, D; Ruff, D; Sands, A; Turnage, A; Zambrowicz, B, 2013) | 0.39 |
| " The dosage was reduced to once per week 3 months later." | ( [Etanercept combined with Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in the elderly: a clinical study]. Chen, YS; Gao, JH; He, WZ; Kong, WH; Xie, Y; Ye, ZZ; Yin, ZH, 2014) | 0.4 |
| " FSC was also found to be able to protect mice from a lethal infection of Staphylococcus aureus at clinical dosage (0." | ( The antibacterial activity of phytochemically characterised fractions from Folium Syringae. Han, N; Li, W; Liu, Z; Miao, D; Wang, J; Xia, H; Yin, J; Zhou, Z, 2014) | 0.4 |
| "The effects of biosurfactant alkyl polyglycosides (APG) on the hydrolysis and acidification of waste activited sludge including dosage of APG and hydrolysis time were investigated." | ( [Enhanced hydrolysis and acidification of waste activated sludge by alkyl polyglycosides]. Chen, C; Huang, C; Shen, JY; Sun, XY; Wang, LJ, 2014) | 0.9 |
| " In pharmacokinetics study, COS at dosage of 25mg/kg improved the bioavailability of phenylethanoid glycosides in Fructus Forsythiae extract to the greatest extent, and was safe for gastrointestine from morphological observation." | ( Effect of chito-oligosaccharide on the intestinal absorptions of phenylethanoid glycosides in Fructus Forsythiae extract. Cai, B; Di, L; Liu, T; Shan, J; Tan, X; Zhou, W, 2014) | 0.85 |
| " After investigation of their dose-response behaviors and structure-activity relationships, chlorogenic acids and flavonoid glycosides were found to be DNA-binders via both minor groove-binding and intercalation modes." | ( An analysis method for simultaneous screening of deoxyribonucleic acid-binding active compounds and investigating their mechanisms by ultra-fast liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry coupled with fluorescence detection technology. Chen, S; Lin, Z; Ren, B; Tong, L; Wang, H; Zhang, C, 2015) | 0.62 |
| " At the dosage of 20μg/mL for 1-5, the glucose uptake increasing level was nearly 30%-40% in HepG2 cells." | ( Hypoglycemic activity evaluation and chemical study on hollyhock flowers. Chen, Q; Dong, Y; Han, L; Jin, L; Wang, T; Wu, Z; Zhang, Y, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " Thus, there is a pressing need to develop a new oral dosage form to enhance its intestinal absorption and improve bioavailability." | ( Phospholipid complex as an approach for bioavailability enhancement of echinacoside. Li, F; Li, P; Yang, X; Yang, Y; Yang, Z; Zhang, C, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " After oral dosing of SFSE-G at a dose of 200 mg/kg, the elimination half-life was app." | ( Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion study of a furostanol glycoside-based standardized fenugreek seed extract in rats. Bodhankar, SL; Kandhare, AD; Mohan, V; Thakurdesai, PA, 2015) | 0.42 |
| "5mg/kg) and oral (30mg/kg) dosing of AHSYB in normal rats." | ( Development and validation of a UFLC-MS/MS method for the determination of anhydrosafflor yellow B in rat plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic study. Cui, X; Duan, JA; Jin, Y; Li, S; Qian, D; Qian, L; Qu, C; Shan, C; Shen, J; Shi, X; Tang, Y; Wu, L; Yang, H; Yue, S; Zhang, L, 2015) | 0.42 |
| "1 mg/kg for 14 days; groups sham and I/R were administered with the same dosage of normal saline." | ( Tripterysium glycosides preconditioning attenuates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model. Chen, ZB; Liu, XH; Qiu, T; Shen, Y; Wang, L; Wang, ZS; Zhang, L; Zhou, JQ, 2016) | 0.8 |
| " BRM-BG demonstrated to be safe and effective as carrier of Cefixime following oral dosing in rabbits." | ( Glycoside-based niosomal nanocarrier for enhanced in-vivo performance of Cefixime. Ahmad, F; Ali, I; Elhissi, AM; Imran, M; Nawaz, W; Sadiq, A; Shah, MR; Ullah, F; Ullah, S, 2016) | 0.43 |
| " Twelve of these active compounds together with six standard compounds were used to study the dose-response effects and structure-activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids." | ( Rapid screening of transferrin-binders in the flowers of Bauhinia blakeana Dunn by on-line high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detector-electrospray ionization-ion-trap-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry-transferrin-fluorescence detection sys Chen, S; Dong, J; Guo, N; Jiang, H; Li, W; Lin, Z; Liu, M; Niu, Y; Wang, H; Zhang, X, 2016) | 0.43 |
| " Oral dosing was ineffective." | ( Pharmacokinetics in Mouse and Comparative Effects of Frondosides in Pancreatic Cancer. Adem, A; Adrian, TE; Al Shemaili, J; Collin, P; Hellman, B; Newman, RA; Parekh, KA; Woodward, C, 2016) | 0.43 |
| " BLIN stimulated total anti-DHAV-1 antibody secretion in ducklings at the dosage of 4 mg per duckling, but did not stimulate IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion significantly." | ( Anti-DHAV-1 reproduction and immuno-regulatory effects of a flavonoid prescription on duck virus hepatitis. Chen, Y; Hu, Y; Liu, J; Wang, D; Wang, Y; Wu, Y; Yang, J; Yao, F; Zeng, L, 2017) | 0.46 |
| " The effects of various parameters including adsorption time, equilibrium pH, adsorbent dosage and initial adsorbate concentration were investigated." | ( Kinetic and isotherm studies of bisphenol A adsorption onto orange albedo(Citrus sinensis): Sorption mechanisms based on the main albedo components vitamin C, flavones glycosides and carotenoids. Doungmo, G; Gouoko Kouonang, JJ; Kamgaing, T; Mbadcam, KJ; Melataguia Tchieno, FM, 2017) | 0.65 |
| " Mortality rate, antidote use, and appropriateness of antidote use (defined as correct indication, proper dosing regimen, and administration within 90 min) before and after NAP implementation were compared." | ( Cyanide poisoning in Thailand before and after establishment of the National Antidote Project Khomvilai, S; Krairojananan, W; Pradoo, A; Rittilert, P; Sriapha, C; Srisuma, S; Suchonwanich, N; Tongpoo, A; Wananukul, W; Wongvisavakorn, S, 2018) | 0.48 |
| " Based on the assessment of predefined safety events, volixibat dosing was either escalated or reduced." | ( A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 study of the safety, tolerability and pharmacodynamics of volixibat in overweight and obese but otherwise healthy adults: implications for treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Bliss, C; Jennings, L; Martin, P; Palmer, M; Silberg, DG, 2018) | 0.48 |
| " To examine clinically relevant effects of the potential interaction with SCY-078, this phase 1, open-label, 2-period crossover study evaluated the pharmacokinetic parameters of rosiglitazone, a sensitive substrate of CYP2C8 metabolism, in the absence and presence of SCY-078 dosed to therapeutically relevant SCY-078 concentration exposure after repeat dosing." | ( Lack of Impact by SCY-078, a First-in-Class Oral Fungicidal Glucan Synthase Inhibitor, on the Pharmacokinetics of Rosiglitazone, a Substrate for CYP450 2C8, Supports the Low Risk for Clinically Relevant Metabolic Drug-Drug Interactions. Angulo, D; Atiee, G; Corr, C; Hyman, M; Murphy, G; Willett, M; Wring, S, 2018) | 0.48 |
| "To investigate the optimal dosage ratio of chlorogenic acid and gardenia glycosides in\ treating the rates with fatty liver disease induced by high-fat feed." | ( Optimization of dosage ratio of chlorogenic acid and gardenia glycosides in the treatment of rats with fatty liver disease induced by\
high-fat feed. Chen, S; Li, H; Liang, H; Tang, J; Wu, C; Yang, J, 2016) | 0.91 |
| " Multiple\ regression analysis was conducted to test the optimal dosage ratio of chlorogenic acid and gardenia\ glycosides." | ( Optimization of dosage ratio of chlorogenic acid and gardenia glycosides in the treatment of rats with fatty liver disease induced by\
high-fat feed. Chen, S; Li, H; Liang, H; Tang, J; Wu, C; Yang, J, 2016) | 0.89 |
| " Combination of 90 mg chlorogenic\ acid and 90 mg Gardenia glycosides was the optimal dosage ratio of chlorogenic acid and gardenia\ glycosides in the treatment of rats with fatty liver induced by high-fat diet." | ( Optimization of dosage ratio of chlorogenic acid and gardenia glycosides in the treatment of rats with fatty liver disease induced by\
high-fat feed. Chen, S; Li, H; Liang, H; Tang, J; Wu, C; Yang, J, 2016) | 0.92 |
| " Then, a PK-PD research was carried out in adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats and control rats after oral administration of TGT, with different dosage and timing." | ( Wilforine, the Q-marker and PK-maker of Tripterygium glycosides tablet: Based on preparation quantitative analysis and PK-PD study. An, L; Du, X; Gao, X; He, X; Huang, C; Wang, L; Wang, Y; Wu, Z, 2019) | 0.76 |
| " This review elucidates some design strategies for drug delivery system that are mainly based on two methods (avoiding physical barriers by changing dosage forms and enhancing the ability to bind to receptors or proteins after administration) and indicate the current challenges during the combination of delivery vehicles and these glycosides in hopes of promoting the process of receiving ideal therapeutic efficacy of them in future studies." | ( Recent Advances in Drug Delivery System for Bioactive Glycosides from Traditional Chinese Medicine. Feng, Y; Hong, Y; Li, L; Lin, X; Shen, L, 2018) | 0.9 |
| " Microscopic and rheological characterization indicated that the molecular weight and concentration of lignin, the APG dosage and the oil/water ratio had important influences on the microstructure and stability of the HIPEs." | ( Development of anti-photo and anti-thermal high internal phase emulsions stabilized by biomass lignin as a nutraceutical delivery system. Chen, K; Lei, L; Qian, Y; Qiu, X; Yang, D, 2019) | 0.51 |
| "To evaluate the safety and efficacy of two dosing regimens of oral ibrexafungerp (formerly SCY-078), a novel orally bioavailable β-glucan synthase inhibitor, in subjects with invasive candidiasis versus the standard of care (SOC) and to identify the dose to achieve target exposure (15." | ( MSG-10: a Phase 2 study of oral ibrexafungerp (SCY-078) following initial echinocandin therapy in non-neutropenic patients with invasive candidiasis. Angulo, D; Helou, S; Pappas, PG; Powderly, WG; Pullman, J; Spec, A; Thompson, GR; Tobin, EH; Vazquez, J; Wring, SA, 2019) | 0.51 |
| "In a multinational, open-label study, patients with documented invasive candidiasis were randomized to receive step-down therapy to one of three treatment arms: two dosing regimens of novel oral ibrexafungerp or the SOC treatment following initial echinocandin therapy." | ( MSG-10: a Phase 2 study of oral ibrexafungerp (SCY-078) following initial echinocandin therapy in non-neutropenic patients with invasive candidiasis. Angulo, D; Helou, S; Pappas, PG; Powderly, WG; Pullman, J; Spec, A; Thompson, GR; Tobin, EH; Vazquez, J; Wring, SA, 2019) | 0.51 |
| " Two different dosages were designed in the animal experiment, including therapeutic dosage and toxic dosage." | ( A single-injection targeted metabolomics profiling method for determination of biomarkers to reflect tripterygium glycosides efficacy and toxicity. An, Z; Hu, T; Li, P; Liu, L; Shi, C; Sun, Y, 2020) | 0.77 |
| " In dosage groups, testicular and ovarian coefficients of rats were reduced, the number of sperm were significant decreased while the rate of sperm malformation increased and sperm dynamics parameters of normal, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang groups." | ( [Comparative study on chronic multiple organ injury in normal rats caused by high dose of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets from 6 different manufacturers]. Jia, KX; Li, YQ; Lin, N; Liu, CF; Ming, RR; Wang, JX; Wang, T; Xu, TT; Zhang, JX; Zhu, HW, 2020) | 0.77 |
| " For the in vivo study, healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were consecutively administered acacetin or apigenin for 7 days at the dosage of 5 mg/kg after being randomly divided into 3 groups: Group A (control group), Group B (acacetin group) and Group C (apigenin group)." | ( Inhibitory Effect of Chen, F; Geng, P; Hua, A; Wang, S; Wen, C; Yan, L; Zhou, Q; Zhou, Y, 2020) | 0.56 |
| "Pre-formulation physicochemical properties of the component-based Chinese medicine of Qinqi Fengshi Fang were investigated to provide a research basis for the design of the dosage form for component-based Chinese medicine of Qinqi Fengshi Fang." | ( [Pre-formulation physicochemical properties of component-based Chinese medicine of Qinqi Fengshi Fang]. Cai, XH; Cui, CL; Liu, HB; Song, ZX; Sun, J; Tang, ZS; Xu, SN; Yu, JG; Zhou, R, 2020) | 0.56 |
| "5), temperature (25 °C ~ 55 °C) and dosage (39 ~ 72 U/mL PPO and 36 U/mL PPO, 3 ~ 36 U/mL POD)." | ( Polyphenol oxidase dominates the conversions of flavonol glycosides in tea leaves. Guo, XY; Liang, YR; Liu, ZY; Lu, JL; Lv, YQ; Ye, JH; Ye, Y; Zheng, XQ, 2021) | 0.87 |
| "This article is a continuation of Theoretical Analysis for the Safe Form and Dosage of Amygdalin Product and Theoretical Study of the Process of Passage of Glycoside Amides through the Cell Membrane of Cancer Cell." | ( Theoretical Analysis of Anticancer Cellular Effects of Glycoside Amides. Tsanov, H; Tsanov, V, 2022) | 0.72 |
| "In the present study, male BALB/c mice received an oral dosage of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) (0." | ( Synergistic anti-inflammatory effects of peimine, peiminine, and forsythoside a combination on LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibition of the IL-17-NF-κB/MAPK pathway activation. Du, H; Gong, G; Liu, C; Ma, Q; Quan, ZS; Wu, Y; Zhen, D, 2022) | 0.72 |
| " In the course of our studies with xylosides, we conducted a dose-response curve for xyloside actions on neural cells." | ( A novel cytoskeletal action of xylosides. Geller, HM; Higashi, K; Katagiri, Y; Mencio, CP; Suzuki, M; Tilve, SM, 2022) | 0.72 |
| "Sixty female ICR mice were randomly assigned into six groups: sham-operated control group (SHAM, vehicle), ovariectomized model group (OVX, vehicle), positive group (EV, 1 mg/kg/day of estradiol valerate), low dosage (10 mg/kg/day of 6-AA), medium dosage (20 mg/kg/day of 6-AA) and high dosage (40 mg/kg/day of 6-AA) treatment groups." | ( Integration of pharmacodynamics and metabolomics reveals the therapeutic effects of 6-acetylacteoside on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis mice. Chen, J; Ding, S; Liu, J; Ma, X; Ren, R; Su, C; Wang, Y; Yang, L; Zhao, X, 2022) | 0.72 |
| " Furthermore, it displayed obvious effect on myocardial ischemia diseases when the dose is maintained at 100-150 mg/kg based on dosage analyses." | ( Evidence construction of baicalin for treating myocardial ischemia diseases: A preclinical meta-analysis. Chen, T; Guo, X; Hu, C; Hu, S; Jiang, L; Luo, Y; Ma, S; Ma, X; Yan, Q; Yang, F; Yuan, L; Zeng, J; Zhou, C, 2022) | 0.72 |
| " Among them, the oral absorption of the prototype components of flavonoid glycosides into the blood needs to be further clarified, and the differences in the oral absorption of different components in GBE by different dosage forms and physiological conditions are not clear yet." | ( Differences in in vivo absorption of flavone glycosides, flavone aglycones and terpene lactones under different dosage forms and physiological conditions. Bai, J; Du, S; Li, P; Lu, Y; Luo, J; Ren, H; Wang, X; Ye, J, 2023) | 1.4 |
| "To clarify the oral absorption of the prototype flavonoid glycosides in vivo, and to further explore the differences in the oral absorption of various active compounds under different oral dosage forms and dietary conditions." | ( Differences in in vivo absorption of flavone glycosides, flavone aglycones and terpene lactones under different dosage forms and physiological conditions. Bai, J; Du, S; Li, P; Lu, Y; Luo, J; Ren, H; Wang, X; Ye, J, 2023) | 1.41 |
| " The production of steviol glycosides presented a biphasic dose-response suggestive of hormesis, with the highest values at 10 mg/L PSNPs (1." | ( Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics exposure on in vitro-grown Stevia rebaudiana plants. Clapa, D; Coman, C; Coman, V; Iancu, ȘD; Leopold, LF; Leopold, N; Scurtu, VF, 2023) | 1.21 |
| "The compatibility of TGP significantly reduced the abnormal serum ALT and AST levels, and improved liver histopathological changes in both acute and chronic DILI animal models induced by TGTs, with the most effective dosage of TGP-M (medium-dose TGP, 450 mg/kg)." | ( Enhanced efficacy with reduced toxicity of tripterygium glycoside tablet by compatibility with total glucosides of paeony for rheumatoid arthritis therapy. Ding, Z; Lin, N; Wang, X; Zhang, Y, 2023) | 0.91 |
| Product Category | Products |
|---|---|
| Active Lifestyle & Fitness | 1 |
| Product | Brand | Category | Compounds Matched from Ingredients | Date Retrieved |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trace Minerals Research Electrolyte Stamina Power Pak Guava Passion Fruit -- 30 Packets | Trace Minerals Research | Active Lifestyle & Fitness | citric acid, Vitamin C, Boron, Chloride, Chromium, citric acid, Folate, glycosides, malic acid, Manganese, Niacin, Pantothenic Acid, Potassium Citrate, Vitamin B6, Selenium, steviol, Alpha-Lipoic Acid, Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6 | 2024-11-29 10:47:42 |
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 6479 (33.54) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 1507 (7.80) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 3967 (20.54) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 5374 (27.82) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1988 (10.29) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (110.84) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 169 (0.84%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 912 (4.52%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 60 (0.30%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 3 (0.01%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 19,035 (94.33%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dinitrochlorobenzene Dinitrochlorobenzene: A skin irritant that may cause dermatitis of both primary and allergic types. Contact sensitization with DNCB has been used as a measure of cellular immunity. DNCB is also used as a reagent for the detection and determination of pyridine compounds.. 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : A C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene carrying a nitro substituent at each of the 2- and 4-positions. | 2.93 | 3 | 0 | C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes | allergen; epitope; sensitiser |
| ethylene dichloride ethylene dichloride: RN given refers to 1,2-isomer; structure given in first source. 1,2-dichloroethane : A member of the class of chloroethanes substituted by two chloro groups at positions 1 and 2. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | chloroethanes | hepatotoxic agent; mutagen; non-polar solvent |
| 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. dihydroxybenzoic acid : Any member of the class of hydroxybenzoic acids carrying two phenolic hydroxy groups on the benzene ring and its derivatives.. 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It occurs naturally in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | dihydroxybenzoic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| ethylene chlorohydrin Ethylene Chlorohydrin: Used as a solvent, in the manufacture of insecticides, and for treating sweet potatoes before planting. May cause nausea, vomiting, pains in head and chest, stupefaction. Irritates mucous membranes and causes kidney and liver degeneration.. chloroethanol : An organochlorine compound that is ethanol substituted by at least one chloro group. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | chloroethanol | xenobiotic metabolite |
| 2,3-diphosphoglycerate 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate: A highly anionic organic phosphate which is present in human red blood cells at about the same molar ratio as hemoglobin. It binds to deoxyhemoglobin but not the oxygenated form, therefore diminishing the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. This is essential in enabling hemoglobin to unload oxygen in tissue capillaries. It is also an intermediate in the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate by phosphoglycerate mutase (EC 5.4.2.1). (From Stryer Biochemistry, 4th ed, p160; Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p508). 2,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid : A bisphosphoglyceric acid that is glyceric acid carrying two phospho substituents at positions 2 and 3. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | bisphosphoglyceric acid; tetronic acid derivative | human metabolite |
| protocatechuic acid protocatechuic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 4. | 3.93 | 12 | 0 | catechols; dihydroxybenzoic acid | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.11.2 (procollagen-proline dioxygenase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 3-hydroxykynurenine 3-hydroxykynurenine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-hydroxykynurenine : A hydroxykynurenine that is kynurenine substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3.. hydroxykynurenine : A hydroxy-amino acid that is kynurenine substituted by a single hydroxy group at unspecified position. A "closed" class. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | hydroxykynurenine | human metabolite |
| acetoacetic acid acetoacetic acid : A 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid bearing a 3-oxo substituent. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 3-oxo fatty acid; ketone body | metabolite |
| gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule |
| 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol: the aglycone of gastrodin. p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol : A member of the class of benzyl alcohols that is benzyl alcohol substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It has been isolated from Arcangelisia gusanlung. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | benzyl alcohols; phenols | plant metabolite |
| 4-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring. | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoic acid | algal metabolite; plant metabolite |
| aminolevulinic acid Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; amino acid zwitterion; delta-amino acid | antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 5-hydroxytryptophan 5-Hydroxytryptophan: The immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of SEROTONIN from tryptophan. It is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant.. 5-hydroxytryptophan : A tryptophan derivative that is tryptophan substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | hydroxytryptophan | human metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| ethylene glycol Ethylene Glycol: A colorless, odorless, viscous dihydroxy alcohol. It has a sweet taste, but is poisonous if ingested. Ethylene glycol is the most important glycol commercially available and is manufactured on a large scale in the United States. It is used as an antifreeze and coolant, in hydraulic fluids, and in the manufacture of low-freezing dynamites and resins.. ethanediol : Any diol that is ethane or substituted ethane carrying two hydroxy groups.. ethylene glycol : A 1,2-glycol compound produced via reaction of ethylene oxide with water. | 7.75 | 3 | 0 | ethanediol; glycol | metabolite; mouse metabolite; solvent; toxin |
| acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons. | 4.22 | 17 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent |
| acetaldehyde Acetaldehyde: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis.. acetaldehyde : The aldehyde formed from acetic acid by reduction of the carboxy group. It is the most abundant carcinogen in tobacco smoke.. aldehyde : A compound RC(=O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group.. acetyl group : A group, formally derived from acetic acid by dehydroxylation, which is fundamental to the biochemistry of all forms of life. When bound to coenzyme A, it is central to the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. | 9.17 | 5 | 0 | aldehyde | carcinogenic agent; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; electron acceptor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; oxidising agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; teratogenic agent |
| acetamide acetimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is acetic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; carboximidic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia | |
| acetone methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H). | 4.06 | 15 | 0 | ketone body; methyl ketone; propanones; volatile organic compound | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; polar aprotic solvent |
| adenine [no description available] | 6.35 | 31 | 0 | 6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| ammonium hydroxide azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2. | 3.75 | 11 | 0 | azane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; NMR chemical shift reference compound; nucleophilic reagent; refrigerant |
| anthranilic acid anthranilic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #565. anthranilic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is benzoic acid having a single amino substituent located at position 2. It is a metabolite produced in L-tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in the central nervous system. | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| quinacrine Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9. | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound | antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor |
| beta-alanine [no description available] | 2.83 | 3 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; beta-amino acid | agonist; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; inhibitor; neurotransmitter |
| benzaldehyde [no description available] | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | benzaldehydes | EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; fragrance; odorant receptor agonist; plant metabolite |
| benzene [no description available] | 4.77 | 10 | 0 | aromatic annulene; benzenes; volatile organic compound | carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; non-polar solvent |
| benzoic acid Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring. | 8.92 | 12 | 0 | benzoic acids | algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| benzyl alcohol Benzyl Alcohol: A colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.. hydroxytoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. benzyl alcohol : An aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent.. aromatic alcohol : Any alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.. aromatic primary alcohol : Any primary alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring. | 8.44 | 7 | 0 | benzyl alcohols | antioxidant; fragrance; metabolite; solvent |
| betaine glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine. | 3.21 | 6 | 0 | amino-acid betaine; glycine derivative | fundamental metabolite |
| bromide Bromides: Salts of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with the bromine atom in the 1- oxidation state. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) | 4.43 | 22 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic bromine | |
| hydrobromic acid Hydrobromic Acid: Hydrobromic acid (HBr). A solution of hydrogen bromide gas in water.. hydrobromide : Salts formally resulting from the reaction of hydrobromic acid with an organic base.. hydrogen bromide : A diatomic molecule containing covalently bonded hydrogen and bromine atoms. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | gas molecular entity; hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride | mouse metabolite |
| 1-butanol 1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes. | 4.96 | 36 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol; short-chain primary fatty alcohol | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent |
| butyric acid Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group. | 2.75 | 3 | 0 | fatty acid 4:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | human urinary metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| carbamates [no description available] | 11.07 | 23 | 0 | amino-acid anion | |
| carbon monoxide Carbon Monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carbon monoxide : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas. | 3.05 | 5 | 0 | carbon oxide; gas molecular entity; one-carbon compound | biomarker; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; ligand; metabolite; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; neurotransmitter; P450 inhibitor; probe; signalling molecule; vasodilator agent |
| formic acid formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects. | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antibacterial agent; astringent; metabolite; protic solvent; solvent |
| carnitine [no description available] | 4.43 | 23 | 0 | amino-acid betaine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| catechol [no description available] | 3.03 | 4 | 0 | catechols | allelochemical; genotoxin; plant metabolite |
| methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC). | 6.32 | 20 | 0 | alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound | bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas |
| choline [no description available] | 4.16 | 17 | 0 | cholines | allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| citric acid, anhydrous Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms. | 3.46 | 7 | 0 | tricarboxylic acid | antimicrobial agent; chelator; food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite |
| chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 6.79 | 48 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic chlorine | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
| hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms. | 5.81 | 18 | 0 | chlorine molecular entity; gas molecular entity; hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride | mouse metabolite |
| coumarin 2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative | 6.61 | 16 | 1 | coumarins | fluorescent dye; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL). | 4.07 | 14 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoic acid | algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| aminoethylphosphonic acid Aminoethylphosphonic Acid: An organophosphorus compound isolated from human and animal tissues.. (2-aminoethyl)phosphonic acid : A phosphonic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the phosphorus of phosphonic acid is substituted by a 2-aminoethyl group. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | phosphonic acids; primary amino compound; zwitterion | human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| phloroglucinol Phloroglucinol: A trinitrobenzene derivative with antispasmodic properties that is used primarily as a laboratory reagent.. phloroglucinol : A benzenetriol with hydroxy groups at position 1, 3 and 5. | 4.38 | 20 | 0 | benzenetriol; phenolic donor | algal metabolite |
| gallic acid gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid. | 6.55 | 59 | 0 | trihydroxybenzoic acid | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| octanoic acid octanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1764. octanoic acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens of a terminal methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. Octanoic acid is also known as caprylic acid. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | antibacterial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
| 4-aminophenol 4-aminophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-aminophenol : An amino phenol (one of the three possible isomers) which has the single amino substituent located para to the phenolic -OH group. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | aminophenol | allergen; metabolite |
| trimethylenediamine trimethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. trimethylenediamine : An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine comprising a propane skeleton with amino substituents at positions 1 and 3. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | alkane-alpha,omega-diamine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; reagent |
| 3-hydroxybutyric acid 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid: BUTYRIC ACID substituted in the beta or 3 position. It is one of the ketone bodies produced in the liver.. 3-hydroxybutyric acid : A straight-chain 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising a butyric acid core with a single hydroxy substituent in the 3- position; a ketone body whose levels are raised during ketosis, used as an energy source by the brain during fasting in humans. Also used to synthesise biodegradable plastics. | 6.07 | 3 | 2 | (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid; 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybutyric acid | human metabolite |
| bupropion Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound | antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| guaiacol Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position. | 2.81 | 3 | 0 | guaiacols | disinfectant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; expectorant; plant metabolite |
| hippuric acid hippuric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4591. N-benzoylglycine : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as benzoyl. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | N-acylglycine | human blood serum metabolite; uremic toxin |
| 4-aminoimidazole 4-aminoimidazole: structure in first source. 4-aminoimidazole : An aminoimidazole that is 1H-imidazole substituted by an amino group at position 4. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | aminoimidazole | |
| malic acid malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group. | 3.55 | 8 | 0 | 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid | food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite |
| 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid consisting of cyclopropane having amino and carboxy substituents both at the 1-position. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; monocarboxylic acid; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | ethylene releasers; plant metabolite |
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.. (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid : A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at the 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of dopamine.. dihydroxyphenylacetic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having two phenolic hydroxy substituents. | 3.15 | 5 | 0 | catechols; dihydroxyphenylacetic acid | human metabolite |
| dibenzofuran Dibenzofurans: Compounds that include the structure of dibenzofuran.. dibenzofurans : Any organic heterotricyclic compound based on a dibenzofuran skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.. dibenzofuran : A mancude organic heterotricyclic parent that consists of a furan ring flanked by two benzene rings ortho-fused across the 2,3- and 4,5-positions. | 3.88 | 3 | 0 | dibenzofurans; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene | xenobiotic |
| creatine [no description available] | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | glycine derivative; guanidines; zwitterion | geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical |
| cytosine [no description available] | 10.25 | 17 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| glucono-1,4-lactone [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | gamma-lactone | |
| lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 4.1 | 15 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite |
| diacetyl butane-2,3-dione : An alpha-diketone that is butane substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite produced during the malolactic fermentation. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | alpha-diketone | Escherichia coli metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| dihydroxyacetone [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ketotriose; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | antifungal agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents. | 4.7 | 29 | 0 | sulfoxide; volatile organic compound | alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger |
| ethanolamine [no description available] | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ethanolamines; primary alcohol; primary amine | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy | 5.41 | 20 | 0 | aldehyde; one-carbon compound | allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| formamide formimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is formic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.. primary carboxamide : A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with ammonia; formula RC(=O)NH2. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | carboximidic acid; formamides; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound | solvent |
| glycine [no description available] | 6.45 | 35 | 0 | alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid | EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical |
| glyceraldehyde Glyceraldehyde: An aldotriose containing the propionaldehyde structure with hydroxy groups at the 2- and 3-positions. It is involved in the formation of ADVANCED GLYCOSYLATION END PRODUCTS.. glyceraldehyde : An aldotriose comprising propanal having hydroxy groups at the 2- and 3-positions. It plays role in the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), a deleterious accompaniment to ageing.. aldose : Aldehydic parent sugars (polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H, n >= 2) and their intramolecular hemiacetals. | 3.11 | 1 | 0 | aldotriose | fundamental metabolite |
| glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil. | 9.29 | 85 | 1 | alditol; triol | algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent |
| glycolic acid glycolic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. glycolic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid where the methyl group has been hydroxylated. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; primary alcohol | keratolytic drug; metabolite |
| hydrogen cyanide Hydrogen Cyanide: Hydrogen cyanide (HCN); A toxic liquid or colorless gas. It is found in the smoke of various tobacco products and released by combustion of nitrogen-containing organic materials.. hydrogen cyanide : A one-carbon compound consisting of a methine group triple bonded to a nitrogen atom | 13.32 | 47 | 0 | hydracid; one-carbon compound | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; poison |
| hydrogen carbonate Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.. hydrogencarbonate : The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid. | 3.05 | 5 | 0 | carbon oxoanion | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| dalteparin Dalteparin: A low-molecular-weight fragment of heparin, prepared by nitrous acid depolymerization of porcine mucosal heparin. The mean molecular weight is 4000-6000 daltons. It is used therapeutically as an antithrombotic agent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 3.43 | 1 | 1 | ||
| histamine [no description available] | 3.98 | 14 | 0 | aralkylamino compound; imidazoles | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 6.68 | 42 | 0 | elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity | antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite |
| hydroquinone [no description available] | 3.48 | 8 | 0 | benzenediol; hydroquinones | antioxidant; carcinogenic agent; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; skin lightening agent |
| hydroxylamine amino alcohol : An alcohol containing an amino functional group in addition to the alcohol-defining hydroxy group. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | hydroxylamines | algal metabolite; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; EC 1.1.3.13 (alcohol oxidase) inhibitor; EC 4.2.1.22 (cystathionine beta-synthase) inhibitor; EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; nitric oxide donor; nucleophilic reagent |
| imidazole imidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1H-imidazole : An imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | imidazole | |
| indole [no description available] | 4.53 | 7 | 0 | indole; polycyclic heteroarene | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| indoleacetic acid indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group. | 4.24 | 18 | 0 | indole-3-acetic acids; monocarboxylic acid | auxin; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge.. | 6.49 | 25 | 0 | diatomic iodine | nutrient |
| 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate [no description available] | 3.71 | 10 | 0 | ||
| dihydroxyphenylalanine Dihydroxyphenylalanine: A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific.. dopa : A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | hydroxyphenylalanine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; tyrosine derivative | human metabolite |
| kynurenine Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.. kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group. | 4.76 | 10 | 0 | aromatic ketone; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; substituted aniline | human metabolite |
| 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentanal [no description available] | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | hydroxyaldehyde; pentose; polyol | |
| lipoamide Lipozyme: lipase from Rhizomucor miehei immobilized on anion exchange resin | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | dithiolanes; monocarboxylic acid amide | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| thioctic acid Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS. | 2.63 | 3 | 0 | dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; thia fatty acid | fundamental metabolite; geroprotector |
| malonic acid malonic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.. dicarboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid containing two carboxy groups. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid | human metabolite |
| melilotic acid melilotic acid: structure in first source. 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a 2-hydroxyphenyl group. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; phenols | bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; fungal xenobiotic metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| racemethionine Racemethionine: A preparation of METHIONINE that includes a mixture of D-methionine and L-methionine isomers. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; sulfur-containing amino acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| pyruvaldehyde Pyruvaldehyde: An organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals.. methylglyoxal : A 2-oxo aldehyde derived from propanal. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | 2-oxo aldehyde; propanals | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group. | 8.8 | 199 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound | amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| phytic acid Phytic Acid: Complexing agent for removal of traces of heavy metal ions. It acts also as a hypocalcemic agent.. myo-inositol hexakisphosphate : A myo-inositol hexakisphosphate in which each hydroxy group of myo-inositol is monophosphorylated. | 4.33 | 6 | 0 | inositol phosphate | |
| inositol Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration. | 12.39 | 50 | 0 | cyclitol; hexol | |
| melatonin [no description available] | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | acetamides; tryptamines | anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger |
| croton oil [no description available] | 4.86 | 11 | 0 | N-acyl-hexosamine | |
| naphthalene [no description available] | 9.37 | 6 | 0 | naphthalenes; ortho-fused bicyclic arene | apoptosis inhibitor; carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| nickel Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28. | 5.31 | 17 | 0 | metal allergen; nickel group element atom | epitope; micronutrient |
| niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group. | 4.59 | 8 | 0 | pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3 | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor |
| niacin Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group. | 2.63 | 3 | 0 | pyridine alkaloid; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid; vitamin B3 | antidote; antilipemic drug; EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical. | 6.98 | 26 | 0 | monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species | |
| nitric acid Nitric Acid: Nitric acid (HNO3). A colorless liquid that is used in the manufacture of inorganic and organic nitrates and nitro compounds for fertilizers, dye intermediates, explosives, and many different organic chemicals. Continued exposure to vapor may cause chronic bronchitis; chemical pneumonitis may occur. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). nitric acid : A nitrogen oxoacid of formula HNO3 in which the nitrogen atom is bonded to a hydroxy group and by equivalent bonds to the remaining two oxygen atoms. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | nitrogen oxoacid | protic solvent; reagent |
| nitroxyl nitroxyl: hydroxamic acid oxidized to nitroxyl free radical. nitroxyl : A nitrogen oxoacid consisting of an oxygen atom double-bonded to an NH group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | nitrogen oxoacid | |
| nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 4.86 | 11 | 0 | monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species | human metabolite |
| 1-octanol 1-Octanol: A colorless, slightly viscous liquid used as a defoaming or wetting agent. It is also used as a solvent for protective coatings, waxes, and oils, and as a raw material for plasticizers. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). octan-1-ol : An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | octanol; primary alcohol | antifungal agent; bacterial metabolite; fuel additive; kairomone; plant metabolite |
| hydroxide ion [no description available] | 4.67 | 8 | 0 | oxygen hydride | mouse metabolite |
| orotic acid Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| oxamic acid Oxamic Acid: Amino-substituted glyoxylic acid derivative.. oxamic acid : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide resulting from the formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid with ammonia. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid monoamide | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| 4-aminobenzoic acid 4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid; aromatic amino-acid zwitterion | allergen; Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 4-nitrophenol 4-nitrophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. mononitrophenol : A nitrophenol that is phenol carrying a single nitro substituent at unspecified position.. 4-nitrophenol : A member of the class of 4-nitrophenols that is phenol in which the hydrogen that is para to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group. | 3.95 | 13 | 0 | 4-nitrophenols | human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| palmitic acid Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid. | 3.57 | 9 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| pentachlorophenol PENTA: structure given in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | aromatic fungicide; chlorophenol; organochlorine pesticide; pentachlorobenzenes | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| phenol [no description available] | 5.94 | 34 | 0 | phenols | antiseptic drug; disinfectant; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| phenylacetic acid phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid; phenylacetic acids | allergen; Aspergillus metabolite; auxin; EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; toxin |
| phenethylamine phenethylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7016. 2-phenylethylamine : A phenylethylamine having the phenyl substituent at the 2-position. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid; aralkylamine; phenylethylamine | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| phosphoric acid phosphoric acid: concise etchant is 37% H3PO4. phosphoric acid : A phosphorus oxoacid that consists of one oxo and three hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central phosphorus atom. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | phosphoric acids | algal metabolite; fertilizer; human metabolite; NMR chemical shift reference compound; solvent |
| phosphoenolpyruvate Phosphoenolpyruvate: A monocarboxylic acid anion derived from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid. It is a metabolic intermediate in GLYCOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS; and other pathways.. phosphoenolpyruvate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resuting from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid.. phosphoenolpyruvic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acrylic acid substituted by a phosphonooxy group at position 2. It is a metabolic intermediate in pathways like glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. | 5.65 | 26 | 0 | carboxyalkyl phosphate; monocarboxylic acid | fundamental metabolite |
| phosphorylcholine Phosphorylcholine: Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.. phosphocholine : The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family. | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | phosphocholines | allergen; epitope; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| phosphorylethanolamine phosphorylethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. O-phosphoethanolamine : The ethanolamine mono-ester of phosphoric acid, and a metabolite of phospholipid metabolism. This phosphomonoester shows strong structural similarity to the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, and is decreased in post-mortem Alzheimer's disease brain. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | phosphoethanolamine; primary amino compound | algal metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| picolinic acid picolinic acid: iron-chelating agent that inhibits DNA synthesis; may interfere with iron-dependent production of stable free organic radical which is essential for ribonucleotide reductase formation of deoxyribonucleotides; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7206. picolinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position 2. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of tryptophan. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | pyridinemonocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; MALDI matrix material |
| propylene glycol Propylene Glycol: A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.. propane-1,2-diol : The simplest member of the class of propane-1,2-diols, consisting of propane in which a hydrogen at position 1 and a hydrogen at position 2 are substituted by hydroxy groups. A colourless, viscous, hygroscopic, low-melting (-59degreeC) and high-boiling (188degreeC) liquid with low toxicity, it is used as a solvent, emulsifying agent, and antifreeze. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | glycol; propane-1,2-diols | allergen; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent |
| 1-propanol 1-Propanol: A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.. propan-1-ol : The parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 3.35 | 7 | 0 | propan-1-ols; short-chain primary fatty alcohol | metabolite; protic solvent |
| propionic acid propionic acid : A short-chain saturated fatty acid comprising ethane attached to the carbon of a carboxy group. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | saturated fatty acid; short-chain fatty acid | antifungal drug |
| pteridines [no description available] | 5.42 | 8 | 0 | azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; pteridines | |
| purine 1H-purine : The 1H-tautomer of purine.. 3H-purine : The 3H-tautomer of purine.. 9H-purine : The 9H-tautomer of purine.. 7H-purine : The 7H-tautomer of purine. | 3.46 | 8 | 0 | purine | |
| putrescine [no description available] | 7.37 | 2 | 0 | alkane-alpha,omega-diamine | antioxidant; fundamental metabolite |
| pyrazole 1H-pyrazole : The 1H-tautomer of pyrazole. | 3.01 | 4 | 0 | pyrazole | |
| pyridine azine : An organonitrogen compound of general structure RCH=N-N=CHR or RR'C=N-N=CRR'. | 3.65 | 9 | 0 | azaarene; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; pyridines | environmental contaminant; NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| pyridoxine 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms). | 5.65 | 15 | 0 | hydroxymethylpyridine; methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; vitamin B6 | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| pyrogallol benzenetriol : A triol in which three hydroxy groups are substituted onto a benzene ring. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | benzenetriol; phenolic donor | plant metabolite |
| pyruvic acid Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis. | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid | cofactor; fundamental metabolite |
| thiosulfates Thiosulfates: Inorganic salts of thiosulfuric acid possessing the general formula R2S2O3.. thiosulfate(2-) : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from thiosulfuric acid. | 3.97 | 4 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion | human metabolite |
| selenious acid Selenious Acid: A selenium compound with the molecular formula H2SO3. It used as a source of SELENIUM, especially for patients that develop selenium deficiency following prolonged PARENTERAL NUTRITION. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | selenium oxoacid | |
| sulfites Sulfites: Inorganic salts of sulfurous acid.. sulfites : Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.. organosulfonate oxoanion : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid.. sulfite : A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3). | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion | |
| spermidine [no description available] | 3.72 | 9 | 0 | polyazaalkane; triamine | autophagy inducer; fundamental metabolite; geroprotector |
| spermine [no description available] | 4.04 | 5 | 0 | polyazaalkane; tetramine | antioxidant; fundamental metabolite; immunosuppressive agent |
| succinic acid Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851). succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid | anti-ulcer drug; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical; radiation protective agent |
| sulfuric acid sulfuric acid : A sulfur oxoacid that consists of two oxo and two hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central sulfur atom. | 3.25 | 6 | 0 | sulfur oxoacid | catalyst |
| sulfur dioxide Sulfur Dioxide: A highly toxic, colorless, nonflammable gas. It is used as a pharmaceutical aid and antioxidant. It is also an environmental air pollutant. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | sulfur oxide | Escherichia coli metabolite; food bleaching agent; refrigerant |
| taurine [no description available] | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid; zwitterion | antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient; radical scavenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| thiamine thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively. | 2.85 | 4 | 0 | primary alcohol; vitamin B1 | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| thymine [no description available] | 8.99 | 14 | 0 | pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups. | 9.26 | 19 | 0 | methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound | cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent |
| tryptamine [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | aminoalkylindole; aralkylamino compound; indole alkaloid; tryptamines | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| uracil 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder | 5.97 | 36 | 0 | pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone | allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8. | 3.9 | 12 | 0 | uric acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. | 6.83 | 36 | 0 | isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| vanillin Vanilla: A plant genus of the family ORCHIDACEAE that is the source of the familiar flavoring used in foods and medicines (FLAVORING AGENTS). | 4.53 | 7 | 0 | benzaldehydes; monomethoxybenzene; phenols | anti-inflammatory agent; anticonvulsant; antioxidant; flavouring agent; plant metabolite |
| xanthine 7H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-7 is protonated.. 9H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-9 is protonated. | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | xanthine | Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| isopentenyl pyrophosphate isopentenyl pyrophosphate: substrate for isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase; RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; a nonpeptide mycobacterial antigen that stimulates gamma delta T cells. isopentenyl diphosphate : A prenol phosphate comprising 3-methylbut-3-en-1-ol having an O-diphosphate substituent. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | prenol phosphate | antigen; antioxidant; epitope; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; phosphoantigen |
| 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin: A serotonin 1A-receptor agonist that is used experimentally to test the effects of serotonin.. 8-OH-DPAT : A tetralin substituted at positions 1 and 7 by hydroxy and dipropylamino groups respectively | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | phenols; tertiary amino compound; tetralins | serotonergic antagonist |
| 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid: structure given in first source; NMDA receptor antagonist | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ibotenic acid Ibotenic Acid: A neurotoxic isoxazole (similar to KAINIC ACID and MUSCIMOL) found in AMANITA mushrooms. It causes motor depression, ataxia, and changes in mood, perceptions and feelings, and is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | neurotoxin |
| menthol Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils. | 2.95 | 4 | 0 | p-menthane monoterpenoid; secondary alcohol | volatile oil component |
| 1,10-phenanthroline 1,10-phenanthroline: RN given refers to parent cpd; inhibits Zn-dependent metalloproteinases | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | phenanthroline | EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor |
| 1,2-dimethylhydrazine 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine: A DNA alkylating agent that has been shown to be a potent carcinogen and is widely used to induce colon tumors in experimental animals.. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine : A member of the class of hydrazines that is hydrazine in which one of the hydrogens attached to each nitrogen is replaced by a methyl group. A powerful DNA alkylating agent and carcinogen, it is used to induce colon cancer in laboratory rats and mice. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | hydrazines | alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent |
| 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine DPCPX : An oxopurine that is 7H-xanthine substituted at positions 1 and 3 by propyl groups and at position 8 by a cyclohexyl group. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor |
| 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8. | 6.68 | 41 | 0 | aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid | fluorescent probe |
| 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those found in Parkinson disease.. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 4. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | methylpyridines; phenylpyridine; tetrahydropyridine | neurotoxin |
| 1-methylimidazole 1-methyl-1H-imidazole : A 1H-imidazole having a methyl substituent at the N-1 position. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | |
| edelfosine edelfosine: RN given refers to parent cpd. edelfosine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-edelfosine.. 1-octadecyl-2-methylglycero-3-phosphocholine : A glycerophosphocholine that is glycero-3-phosphocholine substituted at positions 1 and 2 by octadecyl and methyl groups respectively. | 6.99 | 1 | 0 | glycerophosphocholine | |
| 2,2'-dipyridyl 2,2'-Dipyridyl: A reagent used for the determination of iron.. 2,2'-bipyridine : A bipyridine in which the two pyridine moieties are linked by a bond between positions C-2 and C-2'. | 3.27 | 6 | 0 | bipyridine | chelator; ferroptosis inhibitor |
| 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.. 2,4-D : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2 and 4 are substituted by chlorines. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | chlorophenoxyacetic acid; dichlorobenzene | agrochemical; defoliant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin |
| beta-resorcylic acid beta-resorcylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,4-dinitrophenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | dinitrophenol | allergen; antiseptic drug; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; geroprotector; oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor |
| 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine: mutagen from fried ground beef; structure given in first source. PhIP : An imidazopyridine that is 1H--imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 6 by methyl, amino, and phenyl groups, respectively. It is the most abundant of the mutagenic heterocyclic amines found in cooked meat and fish. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | imidazopyridine; primary amino compound | carcinogenic agent; mutagen |
| mercaptoethanol Mercaptoethanol: A water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation. | 3.74 | 11 | 0 | alkanethiol; primary alcohol | geroprotector |
| aminopropionitrile Aminopropionitrile: Reagent used as an intermediate in the manufacture of beta-alanine and pantothenic acid. | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | aminopropionitrile | antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; collagen cross-linking inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| meglutol Meglutol: An antilipemic agent which lowers cholesterol, triglycerides, serum beta-lipoproteins and phospholipids. It acts by interfering with the enzymatic steps involved in the conversion of acetate to hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A as well as inhibiting the activity of HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES which is the rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is glutaric acid in which one of the two hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a hydroxy group, while the other is substituted by a methyl group. It has been found to accumulate in urine of patients suffering from HMG-CoA lyase (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase, EC 4.1.3.4) deficiency. It occurs as a plant metabolite in Crotalaria dura. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; dicarboxylic acid; tertiary alcohol | anticholesteremic drug; antimetabolite; EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 3-methylcholanthrene Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.. 3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene | aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent |
| 3-nitropropionic acid 3-nitropropionic acid: succinate dehydrogenase inactivator; biosynthesized by FABACEAE plants from ASPARAGINE. 3-nitropropanoic acid : A C-nitro compound that is propanoic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a nitro group. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | antimycobacterial drug; EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; mycotoxin; neurotoxin |
| 4-aminopyridine [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | aminopyridine; aromatic amine | avicide; orphan drug; potassium channel blocker |
| homovanillic acid Homovanillic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid.. homovanillate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid.. homovanillic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | guaiacols; monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide 4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide: metabolite of nifuroxazide. 4-hydroxybenzohydrazide : A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with hydrazine. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | carbohydrazide; phenols | |
| 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide: do not confuse with DMPO (4',5'-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4-phenyl-5,2'-oxidocoumarin). 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide : A member of the class of 1-pyrroline nitrones (1-pyrroline N-oxides) resulting from the formal N-oxidation of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline. Used as a spin trap for the study of radicals formed by enzymatic acetaldehyde oxidation. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 1-pyrroline nitrones | neuroprotective agent; spin trapping reagent |
| phenytoin [no description available] | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | imidazolidine-2,4-dione | anticonvulsant; drug allergen; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent |
| hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indole-3-acetic acids | drug metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| oxyquinoline Oxyquinoline: An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.. quinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8. Its fungicidal properties are used for the control of grey mould on vines and tomatoes. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxyquinoline | antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug; iron chelator |
| tacrine Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | acridines; aromatic amine | EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor |
| 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane): water-soluble free-radical initiator | 3.27 | 6 | 0 | monoazo compound | |
| acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. | 11.99 | 22 | 1 | acetamides; phenols | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| acetazolamide Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337) | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles | anticonvulsant; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor |
| acridone acridone : A member of the class of acridines that is 9,10-dihydroacridine substituted by an oxo group at position 9. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | acridines; cyclic ketone | |
| albendazole [no description available] | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester | anthelminthic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator |
| albuterol Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). | 2.95 | 4 | 0 | phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate: specific inhibitor of pyruvate transport in rat liver mitochondria & human erythrocytes; structure | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| alprenolol Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent |
| alrestatin alrestatin: aldose reductase inhibitor; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 3.34 | 1 | 1 | ||
| aluminum fluoride [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | aluminium coordination entity | |
| amantadine amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine | analgesic; antiparkinson drug; antiviral drug; dopaminergic agent; NMDA receptor antagonist; non-narcotic analgesic |
| pimagedine pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | guanidines; one-carbon compound | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor |
| p-aminohippuric acid p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | N-acylglycine | Daphnia magna metabolite |
| theophylline [no description available] | 3.65 | 10 | 0 | dimethylxanthine | adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent |
| amobarbital Amobarbital: A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565). amobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by a 3-methylbutyl and an ethyl group at position 5. Amobarbital has been shown to exhibit sedative and hypnotic properties. | 3.45 | 8 | 0 | barbiturates | |
| 9-anthroic acid 9-anthroic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; chloride channel blocker; do not confuse with c-ANCA (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) which is frequently abbreviated as ANCA. 9-anthroic acid : An anthroic acid carrying the carboxy substituent at position 9. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | anthroic acid | |
| anthralin Anthralin: An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.. anthralin : An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | anthracenes | antipsoriatic |
| antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | pyrazolone | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| acetovanillone apocynin : An aromatic ketone that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3. | 3.15 | 5 | 0 | acetophenones; aromatic ketone; methyl ketone | antirheumatic drug; EC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug; plant metabolite |
| aristolochic acid i aristolochic acid I: phospholipase A inhibitor. aristolochic acid A : An aristolochic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions, by a methoxy group at position 8, and by a nitro group at position 10. It is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in almost all Aristolochia (birthworts or pipevines) species. It has been tried in a number of treatments for inflammatory disorders, mainly in Chinese and folk medicine. However, there is concern over their use as aristolochic acid is both carcinogenic and nephrotoxic. | 4.4 | 6 | 0 | aristolochic acids; aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; cyclic acetal; monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotetracyclic compound | carcinogenic agent; metabolite; mutagen; nephrotoxin; toxin |
| aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity. | 6.85 | 12 | 1 | benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates | anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent |
| atrazine [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | chloro-1,3,5-triazine; diamino-1,3,5-triazine | environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic |
| azathioprine Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS. | 3.9 | 3 | 0 | aryl sulfide; C-nitro compound; imidazoles; thiopurine | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug |
| azelaic acid nonanedioic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is heptane substituted at positions 1 and 7 by carboxy groups. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; plant metabolite |
| azobenzene azobenzene: photosensor molecule known to undergo reversible isomerization from trans to cis on illumination with photons of appropriate wavelength; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. (E)-azobenzene : The (E)-isomer of azobenzene.. (Z)-azobenzene : The (Z)-isomer of azobenzene.. azobenzene : A molecule whose structure comprises two phenyl rings linked by a N=N double bond; the parent compound of the azobenzene class of compounds. | 7.42 | 2 | 0 | azobenzenes | |
| baclofen [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound | central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant |
| barbital 5,5-diethylbarbituric acid : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by two ethyl groups. Formerly used as a hypnotic (sleeping aid). | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | drug allergen |
| bay-k-8644 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester: A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.. Bay-K-8644 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-Bay-K-8644. methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A pentasubstituted dihydropyridine carrying methoxycarbonyl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and nitro substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 respectively as well as two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester | |
| bemegride Bemegride: A CNS stimulant that is used to induce convulsions in experimental animals. It has also been used as a respiratory stimulant and in the treatment of barbiturate overdose. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | piperidones | |
| benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene | carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite |
| benzyl benzoate benzyl benzoate: structure; acarosan, a moist powder composed of wetted cellulose and benzyl benzoate, is used on carpets as an acaricide. benzyl benzoate : A benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of benzoic acid with benzyl alcohol. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Polyalthia. | 2.78 | 3 | 0 | benzoate ester; benzyl ester | acaricide; plant metabolite; scabicide |
| bepridil Bepridil: A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.. bepridil : A tertiary amine in which the substituents on nitrogen are benzyl, phenyl and 3-(2-methylpropoxy)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl. | 3.5 | 8 | 0 | pyrrolidines; tertiary amine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent |
| berberine [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid antibiotic; berberine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent; organic heteropentacyclic compound | antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite; potassium channel blocker |
| 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one: from maize extracts; structure given in first source. DIMBOA : A lactol that is DIBOA in which the hydrogen at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group. It has been isolated from the maize plants. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; benzoxazine; cyclic hydroxamic acid; lactol | allelochemical; plant metabolite |
| beta-naphthoflavone beta-Naphthoflavone: A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308). beta-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the f side of flavone. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | extended flavonoid; naphtho-gamma-pyrone; organic heterotricyclic compound | aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist |
| propiolactone Propiolactone: Disinfectant used in vapor form to sterilize vaccines, grafts, etc. The vapor is very irritating and the liquid form is carcinogenic. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | propan-3-olide | |
| betaxolol [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | propanolamine | antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent |
| bethanechol Bethanechol: A slowly hydrolyzing muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, HEART RATE changes, and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. bethanechol : The carbamic acid ester of 2-methylcholine. A slowly hydrolysed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects, it is used as its chloride salt to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the gastrointestinal tract following abdominal surgery, treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and as an alternative to catheterisation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester; quaternary ammonium ion | muscarinic agonist |
| bisacodyl Bisacodyl: A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871) | 3.74 | 2 | 1 | diarylmethane | |
| bisbenzimidazole Bisbenzimidazole: A benzimidazole antifilarial agent; it is fluorescent when it binds to certain nucleotides in DNA, thus providing a tool for the study of DNA replication; it also interferes with mitosis. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | bibenzimidazole; N-methylpiperazine | anthelminthic drug; fluorochrome |
| bohemine bohemine : Purine substituted on C-2, C-6 and N-9 with (3-hydroxypropyl)amino, benzylamino and isopropyl groups respectively; a synthetic, cell-permeable, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that is structurally similar to olomoucine and roscovitine. | 2 | 1 | 0 | purines | EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor |
| bumetanide [no description available] | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | amino acid; benzoic acids; sulfonamide | diuretic; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor |
| busulfan [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | methanesulfonate ester | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; insect sterilant; teratogenic agent |
| caffeine [no description available] | 9.7 | 9 | 0 | purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine | adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic |
| verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group. | 3.88 | 12 | 0 | aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound | |
| camphor, (+-)-isomer [no description available] | 3.05 | 5 | 0 | bornane monoterpenoid; cyclic monoterpene ketone | plant metabolite |
| cannabinol Cannabinol: A physiologically inactive constituent of Cannabis sativa L. | 6.98 | 1 | 0 | dibenzopyran | |
| carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant. | 3.64 | 2 | 0 | dibenzoazepine; ureas | analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic |
| carmustine Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group. | 3.04 | 1 | 0 | N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent |
| carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone: A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.. CCCP : A member of the class of monochlorobenzenes that is benzene substituted by 2-(1,3-dinitrilopropan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl and chloro groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a mitochondrial depolarizing agent that induces reactive oxygen species mediated cell death. | 3.46 | 8 | 0 | hydrazone; monochlorobenzenes; nitrile | antibacterial agent; geroprotector; ionophore |
| cefixime Cefixime: A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that is stable to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases.. cefixime : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic bearing vinyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[(carboxymethoxy)imino]acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used in the treatment of gonorrhoea, tonsilitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, and urinary tract infections. | 2.54 | 2 | 0 | ||
| cetyltrimethylammonium ion Cetrimonium: Cetyltrimethylammonium compound whose salts and derivatives are used primarily as topical antiseptics.. cetyltrimethylammonium ion : A quaternary ammonium ion in which the substituents on nitrogen are one hexadecyl and three methyl groups. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | |
| cetylpyridinium Cetylpyridinium: Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges. | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | pyridinium ion | |
| chloral hydrate [no description available] | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde hydrate; ethanediol; organochlorine compound | general anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; sedative; xenobiotic |
| chlorambucil Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent |
| chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis. | 3.44 | 7 | 0 | aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug |
| chlorothiazide Chlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812). thiazide : Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.. chlorothiazide : 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position is substituted by chlorine and that at position 7 is substituted by a sulfonamide group. A diuretic, it is used for treatment of oedema and hypertension. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | benzothiadiazine | antihypertensive agent; diuretic |
| chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety. | 3.05 | 5 | 0 | organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine | anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug |
| chlorpropamide Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea | hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue |
| cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile | adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor |
| eucalyptol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone; zwitterion | antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; environmental contaminant; topoisomerase IV inhibitor; xenobiotic |
| platinum tetrachloride platinum chloride: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified MF; structure in first source: K2PtCl; see also platinum tetrachloride. platinum dichloride : A platinum coordination entity consisting of platinum(II) bound to two chlorine atoms. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | platinum coordination entity | catalyst; reagent |
| clofibrate angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; ethyl ester; monochlorobenzenes | anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist |
| conduritol epoxide conduritol epoxide: conduritol C epoxide refers to the (epi & neo)-isomers; structure. conduritol epoxide : An epoxide resulting from the epoxidation of the double bond of a conduritol. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | cyclitol; epoxide; tetrol | |
| 4-cresol 4-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. p-cresol : A cresol that consists of toluene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It is a metabolite of aromatic amino acid metabolism produced by intestinal microflora in humans and animals. | 2.59 | 2 | 0 | cresol | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; uremic toxin |
| cyproheptadine Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | piperidines; tertiary amine | anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; gastrointestinal drug; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist |
| cystamine [no description available] | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | organic disulfide; primary amino compound | EC 2.3.2.13 (protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor |
| danthron danthron: structure. chrysazin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyanthraquinone | apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite |
| dapi DAPI: RN given refers to parent cpd. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | indoles | fluorochrome |
| decanoic acid decanoate : A fatty acid anion 10:0 that is the conjugate base of decanoic acid.. decanoic acid : A C10, straight-chain saturated fatty acid. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; human metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| amphetamine Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | primary amine | |
| eflornithine Eflornithine: An inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, the rate limiting enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.. eflornithine : A fluoroamino acid that is ornithine substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 2. | 3.34 | 2 | 0 | alpha-amino acid; fluoroamino acid | trypanocidal drug |
| diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5. | 2.95 | 4 | 0 | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound | anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic |
| dibucaine Dibucaine: A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006). cinchocaine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is the 2-(diethylamino)ethyl amide of 2-butoxyquinoline-4-carboxylic acid. One of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics, its parenteral use was restricted to spinal anesthesia. It is now generally only used (usually as the hydrochloride) in creams and ointments and in suppositories for temporary relief of pain and itching associated with skin and anorectal conditions. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound | topical anaesthetic |
| dibutyl phthalate Dibutyl Phthalate: A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.. dibutyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol. Although used extensively as a plasticiser, it is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that poses a risk to humans. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | diester; phthalate ester | EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; metabolite; plasticiser; teratogenic agent |
| diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position. | 8.44 | 7 | 0 | amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound | antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| diethyl pyrocarbonate Diethyl Pyrocarbonate: Preservative for wines, soft drinks, and fruit juices and a gentle esterifying agent.. diethyl pyrocarbonate : The diethyl ester of dicarbonic acid. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | acyclic carboxylic anhydride | |
| diethylcarbamazine Diethylcarbamazine: An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | N-carbamoylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine | |
| diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | ether; tertiary amino compound | anti-allergic agent; antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; antitussive; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; oneirogen; sedative |
| benzophenone benzophenone : The simplest member of the class of benzophenones, being formaldehyde in which both hydrogens are replaced by phenyl groups. | 3.76 | 10 | 0 | benzophenones | photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite |
| dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol | adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| stallimycin [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diuron Diuron: A pre-emergent herbicide.. diuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which both of the hydrogens attached to one nitrogen are substituted by methyl groups, and one of the hydrogens attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea; dichlorobenzene | environmental contaminant; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; photosystem-II inhibitor; urea herbicide; xenobiotic |
| valproic acid Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | branched-chain fatty acid; branched-chain saturated fatty acid | anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent |
| dyphylline Dyphylline: A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.. dyphylline : An oxopurine that is theophylline bearing a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group at the 7 position. It has broncho- and vasodilator properties, and is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis. It is also an ingredient in preparations that have been promoted for coughs. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine; propane-1,2-diols | bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent |
| ebselen ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | benzoselenazole | anti-inflammatory drug; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor; enzyme mimic; ferroptosis inhibitor; genotoxin; hepatoprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger |
| ellipticine ellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole carrying two methyl substituents at positions 5 and 11. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; polycyclic heteroarene | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| emodin Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies.. emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs. | 10.64 | 24 | 0 | trihydroxyanthraquinone | antineoplastic agent; laxative; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | 4.36 | 21 | 0 | ||
| ethacrynic acid Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor. | 4.43 | 7 | 0 | aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid | EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; loop diuretic |
| ether Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups. | 9.73 | 9 | 0 | ether; volatile organic compound | inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant |
| ethylenediamine ethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; edamine is the recommended contraction for the ethylenediamine radical. ethylenediamine : An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine in which the alkane is ethane. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | alkane-alpha,omega-diamine | GABA agonist |
| etidronate Etidronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.. etidronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is (ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) having a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) | antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; chelator |
| carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone: A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.. carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone : A hydrazone that is hydrazonomalononitrile in which one of the hydrazine hydrogens is substituted by a p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl group. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; hydrazone; nitrile; organofluorine compound | ATP synthase inhibitor; geroprotector; ionophore |
| fexofenadine fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | piperidines; tertiary amine | anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist |
| fluconazole Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis. | 6.28 | 6 | 2 | conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug | environmental contaminant; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic |
| flucytosine Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine antifungal drug; pyrimidone | prodrug |
| flufenamic acid Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | aromatic amino acid; organofluorine compound | antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| flunitrazepam Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound; monofluorobenzenes | anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative |
| fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth. | 3.87 | 12 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic |
| fluoxetine Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; secondary amino compound | |
| furazolidone Furazolidone: A nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activity. Furazolidone acts by gradual inhibition of monoamine oxidase. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p514). furazolidone : A member of the class of oxazolidines that is 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an N-{[(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino} group. It has antibacterial and antiprotozoal properties, and is used in the treatment of giardiasis and cholera. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | nitrofuran antibiotic; oxazolidines | antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antitrichomonal drug; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor |
| furfurylamine [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. | 10.71 | 26 | 0 | chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide | environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic |
| gemfibrozil [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | antilipemic drug |
| gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS. | 13.39 | 44 | 1 | ||
| 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; a oxidative product of saligenin. 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid having the two hydroxy groups at the 2- and 5-positions. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | dihydroxybenzoic acid | EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human metabolite; MALDI matrix material; mouse metabolite |
| gliclazide Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | N-sulfonylurea | hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; radical scavenger |
| glipizide Glipizide: An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.. glipizide : An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-sulfonylurea; pyrazines | EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue |
| glutaral Glutaral: One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.. glutaraldehyde : A dialdehyde comprised of pentane with aldehyde functions at C-1 and C-5. | 3.21 | 6 | 0 | dialdehyde | cross-linking reagent; disinfectant; fixative |
| glyburide Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group. | 3.24 | 6 | 0 | monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea | anti-arrhythmia drug; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent |
| gossypol Gossypol: A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer. | 3.99 | 4 | 0 | ||
| guaifenesin Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| guanethidine Guanethidine: An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.. guanethidine : A member of the class of guanidines in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a 2-azocan-1-ylethyl group.. guanethidine sulfate : A organic sulfate salt composed of two molecules of guanethidine and one of sulfuric acid. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | azocanes; guanidines | adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; sympatholytic agent |
| guanidine Guanidine: A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC.. guanidine : An aminocarboxamidine, the parent compound of the guanidines. | 3.4 | 7 | 0 | carboxamidine; guanidines; one-carbon compound | |
| haloperidol Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; tertiary alcohol | antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist |
| hexachlorophene Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | bridged diphenyl fungicide; polyphenol; trichlorobenzene | acaricide; antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug |
| miltefosine miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine. | 2.97 | 4 | 0 | phosphocholines; phospholipid | anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; apoptosis inducer; immunomodulator; protein kinase inhibitor |
| hexestrol [no description available] | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | stilbenoid | |
| hexobarbital Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups. | 2.86 | 4 | 0 | barbiturates | |
| beta-thujaplicin beta-thujaplicin: structure. beta-thujaplicin : A monoterpenoid that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and an isopropyl group at position 4. Isolated from Thuja plicata and Chamaecyparis obtusa, it exhibits antimicrobial activities. | 7.04 | 1 | 0 | cyclic ketone; enol; monoterpenoid | antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiplasmodial drug; plant metabolite |
| ethidium Ethidium: A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.. ethidium : The fluorescent compound widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry to reveal double-stranded DNA and RNA. | 3.15 | 5 | 0 | phenanthridines | fluorochrome; intercalator |
| hydralazine Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | azaarene; hydrazines; ortho-fused heteroarene; phthalazines | antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent |
| hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide | antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug |
| hydroxyurea [no description available] | 3.45 | 2 | 0 | one-carbon compound; ureas | antimetabolite; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; genotoxin; immunomodulator; radical scavenger; teratogenic agent |
| hypericin [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic |
| lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline. | 5.7 | 6 | 1 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound | anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic |
| ifosfamide [no description available] | 3.18 | 1 | 0 | ifosfamides | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic |
| imipramine Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dibenzoazepine | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor |
| indeloxazine indeloxazine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | indene | |
| indirubin-3'-monoxime indirubin-3'-monoxime: has antiangiogenic activity. indirubin-3'-monoxime : A member of the class of biindoles that is indirubin in which the keto group at position 3' has undergone condensation with hydroxylamine to form the corresponding oxime. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | ||
| indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis. | 9.14 | 16 | 0 | aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole | analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic |
| iodoacetamide [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| avapro Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | azaspiro compound; biphenylyltetrazole | angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively. | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine | |
| isoniazid Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC). | 4.67 | 9 | 0 | carbohydrazide | antitubercular agent; drug allergen |
| 2-propanol 2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | secondary alcohol; secondary fatty alcohol | protic solvent |
| isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders. | 5.75 | 16 | 0 | catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent |
| ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine | |
| ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| khellin Khellin: A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024). khellin : A furanochrome in which the basic tricyclic skeleton is substituted at positions 4 and 9 with methoxy groups and at position 7 with a methyl group. A major constituent of the plant Ammi visnaga it is a herbal folk medicine used for various illnesses, its main effect being as a vasodilator. | 5.11 | 11 | 1 | furanochromone; organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle | anti-asthmatic agent; bronchodilator agent; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent |
| kinetin Kinetin: A furanyl adenine found in PLANTS and FUNGI. It has plant growth regulation effects.. cytokinin : A phytohormone that promote cell division, or cytokinesis, in plant roots and shoots.. kinetin : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine carrying a (furan-2-ylmethyl) substituent at the exocyclic amino group. | 3.39 | 7 | 0 | 6-aminopurines; furans | cytokinin; geroprotector |
| kojic acid [no description available] | 2.75 | 3 | 0 | 4-pyranones; enol; primary alcohol | Aspergillus metabolite; EC 1.10.3.1 (catechol oxidase) inhibitor; EC 1.10.3.2 (laccase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.24 (quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.3 (D-amino-acid oxidase) inhibitor; NF-kappaB inhibitor; skin lightening agent |
| kynurenic acid Kynurenic Acid: A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.. kynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxyquinoline; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid | G-protein-coupled receptor agonist; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 3-phenyllactic acid 3-phenyllactic acid: alpha-hydroxy analog of phenylalanine; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-phenyllactic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite |
| mimosine Mimosine: 3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-1(4H)-pyridinealanine. An antineoplastic alanine-substituted pyridine derivative isolated from Leucena glauca. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid | |
| lapachol lapachol : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted by hydroxy and 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl groups at positions 2 and 3, respectively. It is a natural compound that exhibits antibacterial and anticancer properties, first isolated in 1882 from the bark of Tabebuia avellanedae. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lauric acid dodecanoic acid : A straight-chain, twelve-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties; the main fatty acid in coconut oil and palm kernel oil. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite; antibacterial agent; plant metabolite |
| leflunomide Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide. | 3.71 | 2 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; isoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide | antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| letrozole [no description available] | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | nitrile; triazoles | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor |
| loperamide Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes; piperidines; tertiary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; antidiarrhoeal drug; mu-opioid receptor agonist |
| loratadine Loratadine: A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.. loratadine : A benzocycloheptapyridine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylidene group at position 11. It is a H1-receptor antagonist commonly employed in the treatment of allergic disorders. | 8.31 | 1 | 0 | benzocycloheptapyridine; ethyl ester; N-acylpiperidine; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide | anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist |
| 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source | 3.02 | 4 | 0 | chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound | autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| edaravone [no description available] | 2.55 | 2 | 0 | pyrazolone | antioxidant; radical scavenger |
| mechlorethamine nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound | alkylating agent |
| mefruside Mefruside: A benzene-sulfonamide-furan. It is used as a diuretic that affects the concentrating ability of the KIDNEY, increases SODIUM CHLORIDE excretion, but may not spare POTASSIUM. It inhibits CARBONIC ANHYDRASES and may increase the blood URIC ACID level. | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| meprobamate Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603) | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| mesalamine Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position. | 4.41 | 2 | 2 | amino acid; aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; phenols | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1. | 7.52 | 8 | 2 | guanidines | environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic |
| methoxsalen Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis. | 3.23 | 6 | 0 | aromatic ether; psoralens | antineoplastic agent; cross-linking reagent; dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite |
| methoxyflurane Methoxyflurane: An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180). methoxyflurane : An ether in which the two groups attached to the central oxygen atom are methyl and 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl. | 3.04 | 1 | 0 | ether; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound | hepatotoxic agent; inhalation anaesthetic; nephrotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic |
| nocodazole [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester; thiophenes | antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator |
| methyl salicylate methyl salicylate: used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990. methyl salicylate : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid. | 5.4 | 18 | 0 | benzoate ester; methyl ester; salicylates | flavouring agent; insect attractant; metabolite |
| metronidazole Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; imidazoles; primary alcohol | antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiparasitic agent; antitrichomonal drug; environmental contaminant; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic |
| metyrapone Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | antimetabolite; diagnostic agent; EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor |
| miconazole Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles | |
| midazolam Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | imidazobenzodiazepine; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound | anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; anxiolytic drug; apoptosis inducer; central nervous system depressant; GABAA receptor agonist; general anaesthetic; muscle relaxant; sedative |
| minoxidil Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound | |
| molsidomine Molsidomine: A morpholinyl sydnone imine ethyl ester, having a nitrogen in place of the keto oxygen. It acts as NITRIC OXIDE DONORS and is a vasodilator that has been used in ANGINA PECTORIS.. molsidomine : A member of the class of oxadiazoles that is 1,2,3-oxadiazole substituted by morpholin-4-yl and (ethoxycarbonyl)azanidyl groups at positions 3 and 5, respectively. It is used as a vasodilator drug for the treatment of myocardial ischemic syndrome and congestive heart failure. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ethyl ester; morpholines; oxadiazole; zwitterion | antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent |
| muscimol Muscimol: A neurotoxic isoxazole isolated from species of AMANITA. It is obtained by decarboxylation of IBOTENIC ACID. Muscimol is a potent agonist of GABA-A RECEPTORS and is used mainly as an experimental tool in animal and tissue studies.. muscimol : A member of the class of isoxazoles that is 1,2-oxazol-3(2H)-one substituted by an aminomethyl group at position 5. It has been isolated from mushrooms of the genus Amanita. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | alkaloid; isoxazoles; primary amino compound | fungal metabolite; GABA agonist; oneirogen; psychotropic drug |
| ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies. | 5.61 | 25 | 0 | maleimides | anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor |
| clorgyline Clorgyline: An antidepressive agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor related to PARGYLINE.. clorgyline : An aromatic ether that is the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ether of 3-aminopropan-1-ol in which the nitrogen is substituted by a methyl group and a prop-1-yn-3-yl group. A monoamine oxidase inhibitor, it was formerly used as an antidepressant. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; terminal acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound | antidepressant; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor |
| nalidixic acid [no description available] | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | 1,8-naphthyridine derivative; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor |
| nicardipine Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | benzenes; C-nitro compound; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound | |
| nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester | calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent |
| nilutamide [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; imidazolidinone | androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent |
| nimodipine Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | 2-methoxyethyl ester; C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent |
| nisoldipine Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester | |
| nitrendipine Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; vasodilator agent |
| octopamine Octopamine: An alpha-adrenergic sympathomimetic amine, biosynthesized from tyramine in the CNS and platelets and also in invertebrate nervous systems. It is used to treat hypotension and as a cardiotonic. The natural D(-) form is more potent than the L(+) form in producing cardiovascular adrenergic responses. It is also a neurotransmitter in some invertebrates.. octopamine : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is phenol which is substituted at the para- position by a 2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl group. A biogenic phenylethanolamine which has been found to act as a neurotransmitter, neurohormone or neuromodulator in invertebrates. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | phenylethanolamines; tyramines | neurotransmitter |
| ofloxacin Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxazinoquinoline | |
| olomoucine olomoucine: inhibits protein P34CDC2. olomoucine : A 9H-purine that is substituted by a (2-hydroxyethyl)nitrilo, benzylnitrilo and a methyl group at positions 2,6 and 9, respectively. It is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 2,6-diaminopurines; ethanolamines | EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor |
| oxonic acid Oxonic Acid: Antagonist of urate oxidase. | 3.01 | 4 | 0 | 1,3,5-triazines; monocarboxylic acid | |
| oxidopamine Oxidopamine: A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.. oxidopamine : A benzenetriol that is phenethylamine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by hydroxy groups. It occurs naturally in human urine, but is also produced as a metabolite of the drug DOPA (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease). | 4.68 | 8 | 0 | benzenetriol; catecholamine; primary amino compound | drug metabolite; human metabolite; neurotoxin |
| oxyphenbutazone Oxyphenbutazone: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27). oxyphenbutazone : A metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. | 3.04 | 1 | 0 | phenols; pyrazolidines | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; drug metabolite; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite |
| quinone benzoquinone : The simplest members of the class of benzoquinones, consisting of cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups.. 1,4-benzoquinone : The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.. quinone : Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included). | 8.03 | 4 | 0 | 1,4-benzoquinones | cofactor; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 4-(2'-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2'-(n-(2''-pyridinyl)-4-iodobenzamido)ethyl)piperazine 4-(2'-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2'-(N-(2''-pyridinyl)-4-iodobenzamido)ethyl)piperazine: a 5-HT(1A) ligand; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| papaverine Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum. | 3.73 | 3 | 0 | benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; dimethoxybenzene; isoquinolines | antispasmodic drug; vasodilator agent |
| 4-chlorophenol 4-chlorophenol: used as a root canal irrigant. 4-chlorophenol : A monochlorophenol substituted at the pare position by a chlorine atom. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | monochlorophenol | |
| 4-dichlorobenzene dichlorobenzene : Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying two chloro groups at unspecified positions.. 1,4-dichlorobenzene : A dichlorobenzene carrying chloro groups at positions 1 and 4. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | dichlorobenzene | insecticide |
| pargyline Pargyline: A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | aromatic amine | |
| pd 98059 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'. | 3.13 | 5 | 0 | aromatic amine; monomethoxyflavone | EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| pentobarbital Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups. | 8.07 | 5 | 0 | barbiturates | GABAA receptor agonist |
| phenacetin Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; aromatic ether | cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug |
| phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups. | 3.35 | 7 | 0 | barbiturates | anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative |
| phenolphthalein Phenolphthalein: An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | phenols | |
| phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | aromatic amine | |
| 4-phenylbutyric acid 4-phenylbutyric acid: RN refers to the parent cpd. 4-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid the structure of which is that of butyric acid substituted with a phenyl group at C-4. It is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that displays anticancer activity. It inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induces apoptosis in glioma cells. It also inhibits protein isoprenylation, depletes plasma glutamine, increases production of foetal haemoglobin through transcriptional activation of the gamma-globin gene and affects hPPARgamma activation. | 3.27 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; prodrug |
| oxophenylarsine oxophenylarsine: inhibits protein-tyrosine-phosphatase. phenylarsine oxide : An arsine oxide derived from phenylarsine. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | arsine oxides | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor |
| phenylbutazone Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position. | 3.96 | 14 | 0 | pyrazolidines | antirheumatic drug; EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug |
| phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride: An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex.. phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride : An acyl fluoride with phenylmethanesulfonyl as the acyl group. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | acyl fluoride | serine proteinase inhibitor |
| phloretin [no description available] | 9.04 | 15 | 0 | dihydrochalcones | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| piperazine [no description available] | 6.93 | 1 | 0 | azacycloalkane; piperazines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent | anthelminthic drug |
| piracetam Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent. | 3.39 | 1 | 1 | organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound | |
| potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion. | 5.21 | 16 | 0 | inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt | fertilizer |
| potassium iodide Potassium Iodide: An inorganic compound that is used as a source of iodine in thyrotoxic crisis and in the preparation of thyrotoxic patients for thyroidectomy. (From Dorland, 27th ed). potassium iodide : A metal iodide salt with a K(+) counterion. It is a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | potassium salt | expectorant; radical scavenger |
| praziquantel azinox: Russian drug | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | isoquinolines | |
| probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | benzoic acids; sulfonamide | uricosuric drug |
| probucol Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | dithioketal; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory drug; anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antioxidant; cardiovascular drug |
| procainamide Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. | 3.04 | 5 | 0 | benzamides | anti-arrhythmia drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; sodium channel blocker |
| procaine Procaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).. procaine : A benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol. | 3.03 | 5 | 0 | benzoate ester; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound | central nervous system depressant; drug allergen; local anaesthetic; peripheral nervous system drug |
| procarbazine Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands. | 3.09 | 1 | 0 | benzamides; hydrazines | antineoplastic agent |
| promethazine Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | phenothiazines; tertiary amine | anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; sedative |
| propidium Propidium: Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits. | 3.8 | 3 | 0 | phenanthridines; quaternary ammonium ion | fluorochrome; intercalator |
| propofol Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | phenols | anticonvulsant; antiemetic; intravenous anaesthetic; radical scavenger; sedative |
| propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3. | 3.58 | 9 | 0 | naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| propyl gallate Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | trihydroxybenzoic acid | |
| protopine [no description available] | 2.5 | 2 | 0 | dibenzazecine alkaloid | plant metabolite |
| protoporphyrin ix protoporphyrin IX: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7685. protoporphyrin : A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin bearing four methyl substituents at positions 3, 8, 13 and 17, two vinyl substituents at positions 7 and 12 and two 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2 and 18. The parent of the class of protoporphyrins. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pseudohypericin pseudohypericin: structure given in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| resorcinol resorcinol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7951. resorcinol : A benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3. | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | benzenediol; phenolic donor; resorcinols | erythropoietin inhibitor; sensitiser |
| rofecoxib [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | butenolide; sulfone | analgesic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| rolipram [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidin-2-ones | antidepressant; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor |
| saccharin Saccharin: Flavoring agent and non-nutritive sweetener.. saccharin : A 1,2-benzisothiazole having a keto-group at the 3-position and two oxo substituents at the 1-position. It is used as an artificial sweetening agent. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-benzisothiazole; N-sulfonylcarboxamide | environmental contaminant; sweetening agent; xenobiotic |
| safrole Safrole: A member of the BENZODIOXOLES that is a constituent of several VOLATILE OILS, notably SASSAFRAS oil. It is a precursor in the synthesis of the insecticide PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE and the drug N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA).. safrole : A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 1,3-benzodioxole which is substituted by an allyl group at position 5. It is found in several plants, including black pepper, cinnamon and nutmeg, and is present in several essential oils, notably that of sassafras. It has insecticidal properties and has been used as a topical antiseptic. Although not thought to pose a significant carcinogenic risk to humans, findings of weak carcinogenicity in rats have resulted in the banning of its (previously widespread) use in perfumes and soaps, and as a food additive. | 4.27 | 3 | 0 | benzodioxoles | flavouring agent; insecticide; metabolite; plant metabolite |
| salicyl alcohol salicyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd; saligenin is the aglycone of salicin; structure; it is oxidatively metabolized to gentisic acid. salicyl alcohol : A hydroxybenzyl alcohol that is phenol substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at C-2. | 8.15 | 5 | 0 | aromatic primary alcohol; hydroxybenzyl alcohol | human urinary metabolite |
| salicylamide salamide: a major impurity of hydrochlorothiazide; structure in first source | 7.62 | 3 | 0 | phenols; salicylamides | antirheumatic drug; non-narcotic analgesic |
| sennoside a&b [no description available] | 3.88 | 13 | 0 | ||
| linsidomine linsidomine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | morpholines | |
| sobuzoxane sobuzoxane: used in treatment of leukemia L1210 | 3.08 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| sodium fluoride [no description available] | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | fluoride salt | mutagen |
| sodium iodide Sodium Iodide: A compound forming white, odorless deliquescent crystals and used as iodine supplement, expectorant or in its radioactive (I-131) form as an diagnostic aid, particularly for thyroid function tests.. sodium iodide : A metal iodide salt with a Na(+) counterion. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt; iodide salt | |
| iodoacetic acid Iodoacetic Acid: A derivative of ACETIC ACID that contains one IODINE atom attached to its methyl group.. iodoacetic acid : A haloacetic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by an iodine atom. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | haloacetic acid; organoiodine compound | alkylating agent |
| streptonigrin [no description available] | 4.59 | 3 | 0 | pyridines; quinolone | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent |
| succinylcholine Succinylcholine: A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.. succinylcholine : A quaternary ammonium ion that is the bis-choline ester of succinic acid. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion; succinate ester | drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent |
| sulfaguanidine Sulfaguanidine: A sulfanilamide antimicrobial agent that is used to treat enteric infections.. sulfaguanidine : A sulfonamide incorporating a guanidine moiety used to block the synthesis of folic acid; mostly used in veterinary medicine | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | sulfonamide antibiotic | antiinfective agent |
| sulfamerazine [no description available] | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antiinfective agent; drug allergen |
| sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic |
| sulfamethizole Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles | antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor |
| sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | isoxazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; epitope; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic |
| sulfamethoxypyridazine Sulfamethoxypyridazine: A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent.. sulfamethoxypyridazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridazine having a methoxy substituent at the 6-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position. | 2.63 | 3 | 0 | pyridazines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor |
| sulfamonomethoxine Sulfamonomethoxine: Long acting sulfonamide antibacterial agent. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; sulfonamide | |
| sulfanilamide [no description available] | 3.03 | 5 | 0 | substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antibacterial agent; drug allergen; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor |
| sulfinpyrazone Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | pyrazolidines; sulfoxide | uricosuric drug |
| suramin Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | naphthalenesulfonic acid; phenylureas; secondary carboxamide | angiogenesis inhibitor; antinematodal drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; GABA antagonist; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; purinergic receptor P2 antagonist; ryanodine receptor agonist; trypanocidal drug |
| tebuthiuron [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound | |
| temozolomide [no description available] | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | imidazotetrazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; triazene derivative | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; prodrug |
| tetraethylammonium Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90) | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | |
| theobromine Theobromine: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9). theobromine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, and is a vasodilator, diuretic and heart stimulator. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | dimethylxanthine | adenosine receptor antagonist; bronchodilator agent; food component; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| 2-thiosalicylic acid 2-thiosalicylic acid: a degradation product of thimerosal; RN given refers to parent cpd. thiosalicylic acid : A sulfanylbenzoic acid that is the 2-sulfanyl derivative of benzoic acid. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | sulfanylbenzoic acid | antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic |
| thiotepa Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed). | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | aziridines | |
| nikethamide Nikethamide: A central nervous system stimulant. It was formerly used in the treatment of barbiturate overdose but is now considered to be of no value for such purposes and may be dangerous. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1229) | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | pyridinecarboxamide | |
| todralazine Todralazine: An antihypertensive agent with both central and peripheral action; it has some central nervous system depressant effects. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | phthalazines | |
| tolbutamide Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | N-sulfonylurea | human metabolite; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; potassium channel blocker |
| triamterene Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | pteridines | diuretic; sodium channel blocker |
| triclosan [no description available] | 1.92 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; phenols | antibacterial agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; fungicide; persistent organic pollutant; xenobiotic |
| trigonelline trigonelline: in hydra among other organisms; RN given refers to hydroxide inner salt; structure. N-methylnicotinic acid : A pyridinium ion consisting of nicotinic acid having a methyl substituent on the pyridine nitrogen.. N-methylnicotinate : An iminium betaine that is the conjugate base of N-methylnicotinic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid; iminium betaine | food component; human urinary metabolite; plant metabolite |
| trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes | antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| trioxsalen Trioxsalen: Pigmenting photosensitizing agent obtained from several plants, mainly Psoralea corylifolia. It is administered either topically or orally in conjunction with ultraviolet light in the treatment of vitiligo.. lactone : Any cyclic carboxylic ester containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure, or an analogue having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.. antipsoriatic : A drug used to treat psoriasis.. trioxsalen : 7H-Furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which positions 2, 5, and 9 are substituted by methyl groups. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo. After photoactivation it creates interstrand cross-links in DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell division, and can lead to cell injury; recovery from the cell injury may be followed by increased melanisation of the epidermis. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | psoralens | dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent |
| tripelennamine Tripelennamine: A histamine H1 antagonist with low sedative action but frequent gastrointestinal irritation. It is used to treat ASTHMA; HAY FEVER; URTICARIA; and RHINITIS; and also in veterinary applications. Tripelennamine is administered by various routes, including topically. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine | |
| troglitazone Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | chromanes; thiazolidinone | anticoagulant; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| tyramine [no description available] | 8.26 | 6 | 0 | monoamine molecular messenger; primary amino compound; tyramines | EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| urethane [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester | fungal metabolite; mutagen |
| vinca Vinca: A plant genus of the family Apocynaceae. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | alkaloid | |
| pirinixic acid pirinixic acid: structure | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide; organochlorine compound; pyrimidines | |
| zinc chloride zinc chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd. zinc dichloride : A compound of zinc and chloride ions in the ratio 1:2. It exists in four crystalline forms, in each of which the Zn(2+) ions are trigonal planar coordinated to four chloride ions. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | inorganic chloride; zinc molecular entity | astringent; disinfectant; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; Lewis acid |
| mitomycin Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | mitomycin | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent |
| corticosterone [no description available] | 3.98 | 13 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone. | 5.35 | 14 | 1 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic |
| estriol hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl. | 4.24 | 19 | 0 | 16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid | estrogen; human metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| lysergic acid diethylamide Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: Semisynthetic derivative of ergot (Claviceps purpurea). It has complex effects on serotonergic systems including antagonism at some peripheral serotonin receptors, both agonist and antagonist actions at central nervous system serotonin receptors, and possibly effects on serotonin turnover. It is a potent hallucinogen, but the mechanisms of that effect are not well understood.. lysergic acid diethylamide : An ergoline alkaloid arising from formal condensation of lysergic acid with diethylamine. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ergoline alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotetracyclic compound | dopamine agonist; hallucinogen; serotonergic agonist |
| reserpine Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. | 3.45 | 8 | 0 | alkaloid ester; methyl ester; yohimban alkaloid | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; first generation antipsychotic; plant metabolite; xenobiotic |
| cephaloridine Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative | antibacterial drug |
| sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol). | 5.2 | 16 | 0 | glucitol | cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
| alloxan Alloxan: Acidic compound formed by oxidation of URIC ACID. It is isolated as an efflorescent crystalline hydrate.. alloxan : A member of the class of pyrimidones, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4, -5 and -6 by oxo groups. | 8.37 | 6 | 0 | pyrimidone | hyperglycemic agent; metabolite |
| thymidine [no description available] | 6.05 | 39 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| floxuridine Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract. | 3.23 | 6 | 0 | nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; radiosensitizing agent |
| piperonyl butoxide [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxoles | pesticide synergist |
| benzimidazole 1H-benzimidazole : The 1H-tautomer of benzimidazole. | 3.04 | 5 | 0 | benzimidazole; polycyclic heteroarene | |
| bromouracil Bromouracil: 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an antimetabolite, substituting for thymine in DNA. It is used mainly as an experimental mutagen, but its deoxyriboside (BROMODEOXYURIDINE) is used to treat neoplasms.. 5-bromouracil : A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; pyrimidines | mutagen |
| hydroxyproline Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.. hydroxyproline : A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group. | 7.05 | 35 | 0 | 4-hydroxyproline; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions. | 4.3 | 4 | 1 | 2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine | antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone |
| carbachol Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | ammonium salt; carbamate ester | cardiotonic drug; miotic; muscarinic agonist; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; non-narcotic analgesic |
| spironolactone Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7. | 2.87 | 4 | 0 | 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; oxaspiro compound; steroid lactone; thioester | aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| aldosterone [no description available] | 8.05 | 5 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| penicillamine Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; penicillamine | antirheumatic drug; chelator; copper chelator; drug allergen |
| prednisone Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid. | 11.25 | 11 | 1 | 11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug |
| estrone Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens. | 4.3 | 20 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; phenolic steroid; phenols | antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| androsterone [no description available] | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid; C19-steroid | androgen; anticonvulsant; human blood serum metabolite; human metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; pheromone |
| etiocholanolone Etiocholanolone: The 5-beta-reduced isomer of ANDROSTERONE. Etiocholanolone is a major metabolite of TESTOSTERONE and ANDROSTENEDIONE in many mammalian species including humans. It is excreted in the URINE.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-androstan-17-one : An androstanoid that is 5beta-androstane substituted by an alpha-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a metabolite of testosterone in mammals. | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| dehydroepiandrosterone Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands. | 3.34 | 7 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; androstanoid | androgen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| azauridine Azauridine: A triazine nucleoside used as an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with pyrimidine biosynthesis thereby preventing formation of cellular nucleic acids. As the triacetate, it is also effective as an antipsoriatic. | 3.74 | 3 | 0 | N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite |
| penicillin g Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group. | 4.65 | 5 | 0 | penicillin allergen; penicillin | antibacterial drug; drug allergen; epitope |
| pilocarpine Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | pilocarpine | antiglaucoma drug |
| pentylenetetrazole Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis. | 8.39 | 7 | 0 | organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | |
| triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism. | 2.86 | 4 | 0 | 2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone |
| diethylnitrosamine Diethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-nitrosodiethylamine : A nitrosamine that is N-ethylethanamine substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom. | 3.31 | 6 | 0 | nitrosamine | carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; mutagen |
| isoflurophate Isoflurophate: A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | dialkyl phosphate | |
| biguanides Biguanides: Derivatives of biguanide (the structure formula HN(C(NH)NH2)2) that are primarily used as oral HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS for the treatment of DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 and PREDIABETES.. biguanides : A class of oral hypoglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus or prediabetes treatment. They have a structure based on the 2-carbamimidoylguanidine skeleton. | 3.45 | 2 | 0 | guanidines | |
| carbon tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups. | 9.6 | 25 | 0 | chlorocarbon; chloromethanes | hepatotoxic agent; refrigerant |
| alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2. | 6.65 | 30 | 0 | alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid | EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite |
| serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. | 6.99 | 43 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| desoxycorticosterone acetate Desoxycorticosterone Acetate: The 21-acetate derivative of desoxycorticosterone. | 6.92 | 1 | 0 | corticosteroid hormone | |
| chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives. | 6.47 | 36 | 0 | C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid. | 4.48 | 24 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. | 4.56 | 8 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. | 6.74 | 47 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cyanides Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide. | 10.85 | 102 | 1 | pseudohalide anion | EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor |
| chlorobutanol [no description available] | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | tertiary alcohol | |
| physostigmine Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | carbamate ester; indole alkaloid | antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; miotic |
| sulfamic acid sulfamic acid: standard in alkalimetry; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. sulfamic acid : The simplest of the sulfamic acids consisting of a single sulfur atom covalently bound by single bonds to hydroxy and amino groups and by double bonds to two oxygen atoms. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | sulfamic acids | |
| sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar. | 10.53 | 149 | 1 | glycosyl glycoside | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
| ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | 17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound | xenoestrogen |
| 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke. | 3.25 | 6 | 0 | ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes | carcinogenic agent |
| apomorphine Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | aporphine alkaloid | alpha-adrenergic drug; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; emetic; serotonergic drug |
| aminopyrine Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. | 3.45 | 8 | 0 | pyrazolone; tertiary amino compound | antipyretic; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| methyltestosterone Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; enone | anabolic agent; androgen; antineoplastic agent |
| puromycin aminonucleoside 3'-amino-3'-deoxy-N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenosine: structure in first source. 3'-amino-3'-deoxy-N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenosine : Puromycin derivative that lacks the methoxyphenylalanyl group on the amine of the sugar ring. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | 3'-deoxyribonucleoside; adenosines | |
| adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. | 6.55 | 65 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate | fundamental metabolite; human metabolite |
| cephalothin Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | azabicycloalkene; beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carboxylic acid; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative; thiophenes | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent |
| 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; see also record for tetrachlorophenol with locants for chloro groups not specified. 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol : A tetrachlorophenol in which the chlorines are located at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | tetrachlorophenol | xenobiotic metabolite |
| uridine [no description available] | 11.68 | 44 | 0 | uridines | drug metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite |
| uridine diphosphate Uridine Diphosphate: A uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety. | 10.93 | 29 | 0 | pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate; uridine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| kanamycin a Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components. | 11.55 | 39 | 0 | kanamycins | bacterial metabolite |
| bromodeoxyuridine Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent |
| galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose. | 11.45 | 505 | 0 | D-galactose; galactopyranose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| carbostyril Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.. quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2. | 3.15 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxyquinoline; quinolone | bacterial xenobiotic metabolite |
| phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring. | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent |
| benzoxazolone benzoxazolone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 2-benzoxazolinone : A member of the class of benzoxazoles that is 2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzoxazole carrying an oxo group at position 2. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | benzoxazole | allelochemical; phytoalexin |
| levodopa Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; dopa; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | allelochemical; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; prodrug |
| edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. | 5.25 | 53 | 0 | ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid | anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector |
| p-dimethylaminoazobenzene p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene: A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed) | 3.04 | 1 | 0 | azobenzenes | |
| phenylethyl alcohol Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.. 2-phenylethanol : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2. | 7.59 | 70 | 0 | benzenes; primary alcohol | Aspergillus metabolite; fragrance; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 11.55 | 38 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| phlorhizin [no description available] | 8.05 | 50 | 0 | aryl beta-D-glucoside; dihydrochalcones; monosaccharide derivative | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. | 5.86 | 19 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| methicillin Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | penicillin allergen; penicillin | antibacterial drug |
| n,n-dimethyltryptamine N,N-Dimethyltryptamine: An N-methylated indoleamine derivative and serotonergic hallucinogen which occurs naturally and ubiquitously in several plant species including Psychotria veridis. It also occurs in trace amounts in mammalian brain, blood, and urine, and is known to act as an agonist or antagonist of certain SEROTONIN RECEPTORS.. N,N-dimethyltryptamine : A tryptamine derivative having two N-methyl substituents on the side-chain. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | tryptamine alkaloid; tryptamines | |
| cloxacillin Cloxacillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.. cloxacillin : A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative | antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug |
| methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties. | 3.97 | 4 | 0 | organic chloride salt | acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer |
| 4-toluenesulfonic acid 4-toluenesulfonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; other RNs in 9th CI Form Index. toluene-4-sulfonic acid : An arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by a methyl group. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | arenesulfonic acid; toluenes | |
| leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group. | 5.02 | 42 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| ethyl methanesulfonate Ethyl Methanesulfonate: An antineoplastic agent with alkylating properties. It also acts as a mutagen by damaging DNA and is used experimentally for that effect.. ethyl methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate ester resulting from the formal condensation of methanesulfonic acid with ethanol. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | methanesulfonate ester | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; mutagen; teratogenic agent |
| aniline [no description available] | 3.04 | 5 | 0 | anilines; primary arylamine | |
| 2-aminoisobutyric acid 2-aminoisobutyric acid: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. 2-aminoisobutyric acid : A rare, non-protein amino acid and end-product of pyrimidine metabolism, excreted in urine and found in some antibiotics of fungal origin. With the exception of a few bacteria, it is non-metabolisable, and therefore used in bioassays. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | 2,2-dialkylglycine zwitterion; 2,2-dialkylglycine | |
| androstenedione Androstenedione: A delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.. androst-4-ene-3,17-dione : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid | androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| cytidine monophosphate Cytidine Monophosphate: Cytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.. cytidine 5'-monophosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | cytidine 5'-phosphate; pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| uridine triphosphate Uridine Triphosphate: Uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A uracil nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate; uridine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose. | 11.29 | 247 | 2 | lactose | |
| methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. | 9.84 | 35 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| phenylalanine Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group. | 6.69 | 44 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; phenylalanine; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| desoxycorticosterone Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE | 3.72 | 11 | 0 | 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| colchicine (S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions. | 5.85 | 32 | 0 | alkaloid; colchicine | anti-inflammatory agent; gout suppressant; mutagen |
| cytidine [no description available] | 4.16 | 5 | 0 | cytidines | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| strophanthidin Strophanthidin: 3 beta,5,14-Trihydroxy-19-oxo-5 beta-card-20(22)-enolide. The aglycone cardioactive agent isolated from Strophanthus Kombe, S. gratus and other species; it is a very toxic material formerly used as digitalis. Synonyms: Apocymarin; Corchorin; Cynotoxin; Corchorgenin. | 3.03 | 5 | 0 | 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 19-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; cardenolides; steroid aldehyde | |
| oxacillin Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.. oxacillin : A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | penicillin | antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug |
| cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. | 5 | 41 | 0 | antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| ficusin Ficusin: A naturally occurring furocoumarin, found in PSORALEA. After photoactivation with UV radiation, it binds DNA via single and double-stranded cross-linking.. psoralen : The simplest member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromene having a keto group at position 7. It has been found in plants like Psoralea corylifolia and Ficus salicifolia. | 3.51 | 7 | 0 | psoralens | plant metabolite |
| egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively. | 2 | 1 | 0 | diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid | chelator |
| barbituric acid barbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure from Merck Index, 9th ed, #966. barbituric acid : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4 and -6 by oxo groups. Barbituric acid is the parent compound of barbiturate drugs, although it is not itself pharmacologically active. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | allergen; xenobiotic |
| chloroform Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. | 4.53 | 25 | 0 | chloromethanes; one-carbon compound | carcinogenic agent; central nervous system drug; inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant |
| bromoacetate [no description available] | 7 | 1 | 0 | carboxylic acid; organohalogen compound | |
| dimethylformamide Dimethylformamide: A formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylformamide : A member of the class of formamides that is formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups. | 7.91 | 4 | 0 | formamides; volatile organic compound | geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; polar aprotic solvent |
| norethindrone Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound; tertiary alcohol | progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive |
| cycloserine Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis). | 3.04 | 1 | 0 | 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic; zwitterion | antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antitubercular agent; metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist |
| tubercidin Tubercidin: An antibiotic purine ribonucleoside that readily substitutes for adenosine in the biological system, but its incorporation into DNA and RNA has an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of these nucleic acids.. tubercidin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is adenosine in which the in the 5-membered ring that is not attached to the ribose moiety is replaced by a carbon. Tubercidin is produced in the culture broth of Streptomyces tubericidus. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal agent; N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine; ribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite |
| ampicillin Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group. | 4.47 | 7 | 0 | beta-lactam antibiotic; penicillin allergen; penicillin | antibacterial drug |
| mannitol [no description available] | 4.87 | 36 | 0 | mannitol | allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent |
| cytarabine [no description available] | 5.82 | 7 | 1 | beta-D-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative; pyrimidine nucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; immunosuppressive agent |
| ornithine Ornithine: An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.. ornithine : An alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5. | 3.21 | 6 | 0 | non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; ornithine | algal metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; mouse metabolite |
| asparagine Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group. | 11.29 | 29 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; asparagine; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 4-hydroxypropiophenone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetophenones | |
| histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. | 8.98 | 14 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| n-pentanol n-pentanol: RN given refers to parent cpd. pentan-1-ol : A short-chain primary fatty alcohol that is pentane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It has been isolated from Melicope ptelefolia. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | pentanol; short-chain primary fatty alcohol | human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine. | 5.48 | 22 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| threonine Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group. | 10.74 | 28 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; threonine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| alizarin [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyanthraquinone | chromophore; dye; plant metabolite |
| cordycepin [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 3'-deoxyribonucleoside; adenosines | antimetabolite; nucleoside antibiotic |
| tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. | 10.85 | 31 | 0 | erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan | antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| isoleucine Isoleucine: An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.. isoleucine : A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration.. L-isoleucine : The L-enantiomer of isoleucine. | 9.11 | 16 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; isoleucine; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 4.27 | 19 | 0 | arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| ethane Ethane: A two carbon alkane with the formula H3C-CH3.. ethane : An alkane comprising of two carbon atoms. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | alkane; gas molecular entity | plant metabolite; refrigerant |
| ethylene Plastipore: high density polyethylene sponge biocompatible material; used as posts in dental bridges | 3.74 | 10 | 0 | alkene; gas molecular entity | plant hormone; refrigerant |
| acetylene [no description available] | 4.81 | 10 | 0 | alkyne; gas molecular entity; terminal acetylenic compound | |
| methyl chloride Methyl Chloride: A hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent. It has been used as an aerosal propellent, as a refrigerant and as a local anesthetic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p1403). chlorocarbon : Compounds consisting wholly of chlorine and carbon.. chloromethane : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a chloro group. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | chloromethanes; methyl halides | marine metabolite; mutagen; refrigerant |
| methyl iodide methyl iodide: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd with MF of CH3-I. iodomethane : A member of the class of iodomethanes that is methane in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by iodine. | 2 | 1 | 0 | iodomethanes; methyl halides | fumigant insecticide |
| methylamine methyl group : An alkyl group that is the univalent group derived from methane by removal of a hydrogen atom. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | methylamines; one-carbon compound; primary aliphatic amine | mouse metabolite |
| boranes Boranes: The collective name for the boron hydrides, which are analogous to the alkanes and silanes. Numerous boranes are known. Some have high calorific values and are used in high-energy fuels. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). borane : The simplest borane, consisting of a single boron atom carrying three hydrogens.. boranes : The molecular hydrides of boron. | 4.1 | 15 | 0 | boranes; mononuclear parent hydride | |
| propane Propane: A three carbon alkane with the formula H3CCH2CH3. | 8.09 | 5 | 0 | alkane; gas molecular entity | food propellant |
| acetonitrile acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group. | 5.41 | 18 | 0 | aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent |
| methylene chloride Methylene Chloride: A chlorinated hydrocarbon that has been used as an inhalation anesthetic and acts as a narcotic in high concentrations. Its primary use is as a solvent in manufacturing and food technology.. dichloromethane : A member of the class of chloromethanes that is methane in which two of the hydrogens have been replaced by chlorine. A dense, non-flammible colourless liquid at room temperature (b.p. 40degreeC, d = 1.33) which is immiscible with water, it is widely used as a solvent, a paint stripper, and for the removal of caffeine from coffee and tea. | 4.09 | 14 | 0 | chloromethanes; volatile organic compound | carcinogenic agent; polar aprotic solvent; refrigerant |
| difluoromethane difluoromethane: structure given in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | fluoromethanes | refrigerant |
| isocyanic acid isocyanic acid: structure. isocyanic acid : A colourless, volatile, poisonous inorganic compound with the formula HNCO; the simplest stable chemical compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, the four most commonly-found elements in organic chemistry and biology. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | hydracid; one-carbon compound | |
| cyclopropane cyclopropane : A cycloalkane composed of three carbon atoms to form a ring. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | cycloalkane; cyclopropanes | inhalation anaesthetic |
| ethylene oxide Ethylene Oxide: A colorless and flammable gas at room temperature and pressure. Ethylene oxide is a bactericidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal disinfectant. It is effective against most micro-organisms, including viruses. It is used as a fumigant for foodstuffs and textiles and as an agent for the gaseous sterilization of heat-labile pharmaceutical and surgical materials. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p794). oxirane : A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is a three-membered heterocycle of two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | gas molecular entity; oxacycle; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent | allergen; mouse metabolite; mutagen |
| boron trifluoride [no description available] | 7.71 | 3 | 0 | boron fluoride | NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| nitromethane nitromethane: structure. nitromethane : A primary nitroalkane that is methane in which one of the hydrogens is replace by a nitro group. A polar solvent (b.p. 101 degreeC), it is an important starting material in organic synthesis. It is also used as a fuel for rockets and radio-controlled models. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | primary nitroalkane; volatile organic compound | EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; explosive; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent |
| propylene oxide propylene oxide: structure. 1,2-epoxypropane : An epoxide that is oxirane substituted by a methyl group at position 2. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | epoxide | |
| trimethylchlorosilane trimethylsilyl chloride: structure in first source. chlorotrimethylsilane : A silyl chloride consisting of a central silicon atom covalently bound to one chloro and three methyl groups. Chlorotrimethylsilane is a derivatisation agent used in gas chromatography/mass spectrometry applications. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | silyl chloride | chromatographic reagent |
| tert-butylhydroperoxide tert-Butylhydroperoxide: A direct-acting oxidative stress-inducing agent used to examine the effects of oxidant stress on Ca(2+)-dependent signal transduction in vascular endothelial cells. It is also used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions and to introduce peroxy groups into organic molecules.. tert-butyl hydroperoxide : An alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl. It is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes. | 3.55 | 8 | 0 | alkyl hydroperoxide | antibacterial agent; oxidising agent |
| methyl sulfate methyl sulfate: RN given refers to parent cpd. methyl sulfate : An alkyl sulfate that is the monomethyl ester of sulfuric acid. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | alkyl sulfate; one-carbon compound | |
| trichloroacetic acid Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.. trichloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine. | 5.56 | 23 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound | carcinogenic agent; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| trifluoroacetic acid Trifluoroacetic Acid: A very strong halogenated derivative of acetic acid. It is used in acid catalyzed reactions, especially those where an ester is cleaved in peptide synthesis.. trifluoroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the trifluoro derivative of acetic acid. | 3.4 | 7 | 0 | fluoroalkanoic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite; NMR chemical shift reference compound; reagent |
| gibberellic acid gibberellic acid: RN given refers to (1alpha,2beta,4aalpha,4bbeta,10beta)-isomer; structure. gibberellin A3 : A C19-gibberellin that is a pentacyclic diterpenoid responsible for promoting growth and elongation of cells in plants. Initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi,it differs from gibberellin A1 in the presence of a double bond between C-3 and C-4. | 7.89 | 4 | 0 | C19-gibberellin; gibberellin monocarboxylic acid; lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound | mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| phencyclidine Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; piperidines | anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug |
| 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| divinyl sulfone divinyl sulfone: cross-linking reagent for agarose gels. divinyl sulfone : A sulfone compound having two S-vinyl substituents. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | sulfone | cross-linking reagent |
| tromethamine Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424) | 3.19 | 6 | 0 | primary amino compound; triol | buffer |
| quinic acid (-)-quinic acid : The (-)-enantiomer of quinic acid. | 4.8 | 30 | 0 | ||
| linalool linalool: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. linalool : A monoterpenoid that is octa-1,6-diene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 7 and a hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from plants like Ocimum canum. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid; tertiary alcohol | antimicrobial agent; fragrance; plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| isoprene isoprene: used in manufacture of ''synthetic'' rubber, butyl rubber; copolymer in production of elastomers; structure. isoprene : A hemiterpene with the formula CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2; the monomer of natural rubber and a common structure motif to the isoprenoids, a large class of other naturally occurring compounds. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | alkadiene; hemiterpene; volatile organic compound | plant metabolite |
| isobutyronitrile isobutyronitrile : An aliphatic nitrile that is acetonitrile in which two of the hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound | polar aprotic solvent |
| isobutyl alcohol isobutyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2 | 1 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol | Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| propionamide [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid amide; primary fatty amide | |
| acrylamide [no description available] | 3.41 | 7 | 0 | acrylamides; N-acylammonia; primary carboxamide | alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; Maillard reaction product; mutagen; neurotoxin |
| chloroacetamide [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acrylic acid acrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. acrylic acid : A alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is ethene substituted by a carboxy group. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid | metabolite |
| isobutyric acid isobutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. isobutyric acid : A branched fatty acid comprising propanoic acid carrying a methyl branch at C-2. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | branched-chain saturated fatty acid; fatty acid 4:0; methyl-branched fatty acid | Daphnia magna metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| methacrylamide [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | acrylamides; primary carboxamide | |
| pantothenic acid Pantothenic Acid: A butyryl-beta-alanine that can also be viewed as pantoic acid complexed with BETA ALANINE. It is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE.. pantothenic acid : A member of the class of pantothenic acids that is an amide formed from pantoic acid and beta-alanine.. vitamin B5 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pantothenic acids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B5 deficiency. Deficiency of vitamin B5 is rare due to its widespread distribution in whole grain cereals, legumes and meat. Symptoms associated with vitamin B5 deficiency are difficult to asses since they are subtle and resemble those of other B vitamin deficiencies. The vitamers include (R)-pantothenic acid and its ionized and salt forms.. (R)-pantothenate : A pantothenate that is the conjugate base of (R)-pantothenic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. (R)-pantothenic acid : A pantothenic acid having R-configuration. | 3.05 | 5 | 0 | pantothenic acid; vitamin B5 | antidote to curare poisoning; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite |
| bisphenol a 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol: stimulates proliferative responses and cytokine productions of murine spleen cells and thymus cells in vitro. bisphenol : By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.. bisphenol A : A bisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups. | 7.76 | 3 | 0 | bisphenol | endocrine disruptor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic; xenoestrogen |
| dehydrocholic acid Dehydrocholic Acid: A semisynthetic bile acid made from cholic acid. It is used as a cholagogue, hydrocholeretic, diuretic, and as a diagnostic aid.. 3,7,12-trioxo-5beta-cholanic acid : An oxo-5beta-cholanic acid in which three oxo substituents are located at positions 3, 7 and 12 on the cholanic acid skeleton. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 12-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-5beta-steroid; 7-oxo steroid; oxo-5beta-cholanic acid | gastrointestinal drug |
| taurocholic acid Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals. | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid; bile acid taurine conjugate | human metabolite |
| rhodamine b rhodamine B: RN & N1 from 9th CI Form Index; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7973; TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE was see RHODAMINES 1975-93; use RHODAMINES to search TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE 1975-93. rhodamine B : An organic chloride salt having N-[9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-6-(diethylamino)-3H-xanthen-3-ylidene]-N-ethylethanaminium as the counterion. An amphoteric dye commonly used as a fluorochrome. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | organic chloride salt; xanthene dye | fluorescent probe; fluorochrome; histological dye |
| 1-aminonaphthalene-8-sulfonate 1-naphthylamine-8-sulfonic acid: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6232 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone. | 4.04 | 2 | 1 | 6-methylprednisolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antiemetic; environmental contaminant; neuroprotective agent; xenobiotic |
| lawsone lawsone: a molluscacide from leaves of Lawsonia inermis L. topical sunscreening agent; structure; powdered leaves of Lawsonia inermis(Lythraceae) used as brown hair dye. lawsone : 1,4-Naphthoquinone carrying a hydroxy function at C-2. It is obtained from the leaves of Lawsonia inermis. | 2.69 | 2 | 0 | ||
| rotenone Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds. | 4.56 | 26 | 0 | organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones | antineoplastic agent; metabolite; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; phytogenic insecticide; piscicide; toxin |
| skimmianine skimmianine: furanoquinoline alkaloid from Teclea (RUTACEAE) | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid antibiotic; organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| dichlorodicyanobenzoquinone dichlorodicyanobenzoquinone: request from searcher | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 9,10-anthraquinone 9,10-anthraquinone : An anthraquinone that is anthracene in which positions 9 and 10 have been oxidised to carbonyls. | 3.55 | 9 | 0 | anthraquinone | |
| diquat Diquat: A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). diquat : The organic cation formed formally by addition of an ethylene bridge between the nitrogen atoms of 2,2'-bipyridine. Most often available as the dibromide. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | organic cation | defoliant; herbicide |
| 1-naphthoic acid naphthoic acid : An aromatic carboxylic acid that consists of a naphthalene skeleton substituted by one or more carboxy groups. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | naphthoic acid | bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; fungal xenobiotic metabolite |
| fluorene [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ortho-fused polycyclic arene; ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon | |
| 1-naphthaleneacetic acid 1-naphthaleneacetic acid: a plant growth regulator; RN given refers to parent cpd. naphthylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is naphthalene substituted by a carboxymethyl group at any position.. 1-naphthaleneacetic acid : A naphthylacetic acid substituted by a carboxymethyl group at position 1. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | naphthylacetic acid | synthetic auxin |
| phthalide 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one : A gamma-lactone that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran in which the hydrogens at position 1 are replaced by an oxo group.. isobenzofuranone : A 2-benzofuran containing one or more oxo groups. | 3.57 | 8 | 0 | 2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone | |
| xylitol xylooligosaccharide: structure in first source. pentitol : An alditol obtained by reduction of any pentose.. xylooligosaccharide : An oligosaccharide comprised of xylose residues. | 4.59 | 8 | 0 | ||
| n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidin-2-ones | |
| 2-nitroaniline [no description available] | 1.92 | 1 | 0 | ||
| picryl chloride Picryl Chloride: A hapten that generates suppressor cells capable of down-regulating the efferent phase of trinitrophenol-specific contact hypersensitivity. (Arthritis Rheum 1991 Feb;34(2):180).. 1-chloro-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene : The C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions. | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes | allergen; epitope; explosive; hapten |
| thymol Thymol: A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent.. thymol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | monoterpenoid; phenols | volatile oil component |
| resacetophenone resacetophenone: structure in first source. 2',4'-dihydroxyacetophenone : A dihydroxyacetophenone that is acetophenone carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 2' and 4'. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyacetophenone; resorcinols | plant metabolite |
| salicylaldehyde o-hydroxybenzaldehyde: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | hydroxybenzaldehyde | nematicide; plant metabolite |
| 1-naphthol 1-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 1.. hydroxynaphthalene : Any member of the class of naphthalenes that is naphthalene carrying one or more hydroxy groups. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | naphthol | genotoxin; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| anthrone anthrone: used in colorimetric determination of sugar & animal starch in body fluids; structure. anthrone : A member of the class of anthracenes that is 9,10-dihydroanthracene carrying an oxo group at C-9. | 2.85 | 4 | 0 | anthracenone | radical scavenger |
| xanthone xanthone : The parent compound of the xanthone class consisting of xanthene bearing a single oxo substituent at position 9. | 4.12 | 15 | 0 | xanthones | insecticide |
| beta-glucono-1,5-lactone beta-glucono-1,5-lactone: structure. D-glucono-1,5-lactone : An aldono-1,5-lactone obtained from D-gluconic acid. | 3.5 | 8 | 0 | aldono-1,5-lactone; gluconolactone | animal metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| decalin decalin: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; don't confuse with decaline which has a nitrogen at the juncture of the two rings;. trans-decalin : The trans-stereoisomer of decalin.. decalin : An ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon that is the decahydro- derivative of naphthalene. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon | solvent |
| quinoxalines quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; naphthyridine; ortho-fused heteroarene | |
| 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline: RN given refers to cpd with locants as specified | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | isoquinolines | |
| quinoline [no description available] | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinolines | |
| diphenyl diphenyl: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | aromatic fungicide; benzenes; biphenyls | antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative |
| proflavine Proflavine: Topical antiseptic used mainly in wound dressings.. 3,6-diaminoacridine : An aminoacridine that is acridine that is substituted by amino groups at positions 3 and 6. A slow-acting bacteriostat that is effective against many Gram-positive bacteria (but ineffective against spores), its salts were formerly used for treatment of burns and infected wounds. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aminoacridines | antibacterial agent; antiseptic drug; carcinogenic agent; chromophore; intercalator |
| xanthenes Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring. | 5.82 | 30 | 0 | xanthene | |
| veratric acid veratric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid substituted by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 3. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acids | allergen; plant metabolite |
| 2-naphthoic acid 2-naphthoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthoic acid : A naphthoic acid that is naphthalene carrying a carboxy group at position 2. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | naphthoic acid | mouse metabolite; xenobiotic metabolite |
| 1-phenylpropanol 1-phenylpropanol: structure in first source | 4.47 | 21 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| methyl benzoate methyl benzoate : A benzoate ester obtained by condensation of benzoic acid and methanol. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | benzoate ester; methyl ester | insect attractant; metabolite |
| methyl nicotinate methyl nicotinate: erythema provoked is basis of a methylnicotinate test of anti-inflammatories | 4.3 | 1 | 1 | aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines | |
| benzoic anhydride [no description available] | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | acyclic carboxylic anhydride | |
| synephrine [no description available] | 3.12 | 1 | 0 | ethanolamines; phenethylamine alkaloid; phenols | alpha-adrenergic agonist; plant metabolite |
| propylparaben Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872) | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | benzoate ester; paraben; phenols | antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent |
| benzotriazole benzotriazole: inhibitor of atmospheric metal corrosion; also component of motion picture film & Neva brake fluid. benzotriazole : The simplest member of the class of benzotriazoles that consists of a benzene nucleus fused to a 1H-1,2,3-triazole ring. | 7.38 | 2 | 0 | benzotriazoles | environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| 2-dichlorobenzene 2-dichlorobenzene: structure. 1,2-dichlorobenzene : A dichlorobenzene carrying chloro substituents at positions 1 and 2. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | dichlorobenzene | hepatotoxic agent; metabolite |
| 1,2-diaminobenzene 1,2-diaminobenzene: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,2-phenylenediamine : A phenylenediamine in which the two amino groups are ortho to each other. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | phenylenediamine | hydrogen donor |
| styrene oxide styrene oxide: structure. styrene oxide : An epoxide that is oxirane in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a phenyl group. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | epoxide | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| 4-butyrolactone 4-Butyrolactone: One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.. tetrahydrofuranone : Any oxolane having an oxo- substituent at any position on the tetrahydrofuran ring.. gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide that is tetrahydrofuran substituted by an oxo group at position 2. | 7.11 | 26 | 1 | butan-4-olide | metabolite; neurotoxin |
| ethylene dimethacrylate ethylene glycol dimethacrylate : The enoate ester that is the 1,2-bis(methacryloyl) derivative of ethylene glycol. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | enoate ester | allergen; cross-linking reagent; polymerisation monomer |
| furaldehyde Furaldehyde: A heterocyclic compound consisting of a furan where the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a formyl group.. furfural : An aldehyde that is furan with the hydrogen at position 2 substituted by a formyl group. | 3.62 | 9 | 0 | aldehyde; furans | Maillard reaction product; metabolite |
| pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid: A cyclized derivative of L-GLUTAMIC ACID. Elevated blood levels may be associated with problems of GLUTAMINE or GLUTATHIONE metabolism.. 5-oxo-L-proline : An optically active form of 5-oxoproline having L-configuration. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | 5-oxoproline; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | algal metabolite |
| methylphenyl carbinol 1-phenylethanol : An aromatic alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 1.. methylbenzyl alcohol : Members of the class of benzyl alcohols substituted by at least one methyl group. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | aromatic alcohol | mouse metabolite |
| acetophenone acetophenone : A methyl ketone that is acetone in which one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group. | 3.7 | 9 | 0 | acetophenones | animal metabolite; photosensitizing agent; xenobiotic |
| benzoyl chloride benzoyl chloride: potential carcinogens in manufacturing process. benzoyl chloride : An acyl chloride consisting of benzene in which a hydrogen is replaced by an acyl chloride group. It is an important chemical intermediate for the manufacture of other chemicals, dyes, perfumes, herbicides and pharmaceuticals. | 2 | 1 | 0 | acyl chloride; benzenes | carcinogenic agent |
| alpha-resorcylic acid alpha-resorcylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5. | 6.93 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxybenzoic acid; resorcinols | metabolite |
| trehalose alpha,alpha-trehalose : A trehalose in which both glucose residues have alpha-configuration at the anomeric carbon. | 11.17 | 18 | 0 | trehalose | Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| methyl gallate methyl gallate: has both immunosuppressive and phytogenic antineoplastic activities; isolated from Acer saccharinum. methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with methanol. It exhibits anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties. | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | gallate ester | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 5 are replaced by nitro groups. | 6.93 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acids; C-nitro compound | |
| 4-hydroxyacetophenone 4-hydroxyacetophenone: promotes secretion of bile & bile salts, which promotes griseofulvin absorption in the duodenum. 4'-hydroxyacetophenone : A monohydroxyacetophenone carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4'. | 3.41 | 7 | 0 | monohydroxyacetophenone | fungal metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| cyclohexylmethanol cyclohexylmethanol: structure | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phenylhydrazine [no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | phenylhydrazines | xenobiotic |
| cyclamic acid Cyclamates: Salts and esters of cyclamic acid.. cyclohexylsulfamic acid : A member of the class of sulfamic acids that is sulfamic acid carrying an N-cyclohexyl substituent. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | sulfamic acids | environmental contaminant; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| diphenylmethane diphenylmethane : A diarylmethane that is methane substituted by two phenyl groups. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| triethanolamine triethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. triethanolamine : A tertiary amino compound that is ammonia in which each of the hydrogens is substituted by a 2-hydroxyethyl group. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | amino alcohol; tertiary amino compound; triol | buffer; surfactant |
| boric acid [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | boric acids | astringent |
| 1,2-dihydrostilbene 1,2-dihydrostilbene: intermdiate in biosynthesis of dihydrophenanthrenes from phenylalanine. 1,2-dihydrostilbene : A diphenylethane that is the 1,2-dihydro derivative of stilbene. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | diphenylethane | |
| ethyl bromoacetate [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| caprolactam Caprolactam: Cyclic amide of caproic acid used in manufacture of synthetic fibers of the polyamide type. Can cause local irritation.. epsilon-caprolactam : A member of the class of caprolactams that is azepane substituted by an oxo group at position 2. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | caprolactams | human blood serum metabolite |
| ethyl caprylate ethyl octanoate : A fatty acid ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of octanoic acid with ethanol. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | fatty acid ethyl ester; octanoate ester | metabolite |
| 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene dioxide 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene dioxide: activates caspase cascades; structure. 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide : The diepoxide of 4-vinylcyclohexene. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | epoxide | carcinogenic agent |
| allyl glycidyl ether [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| propargyl bromide propargyl bromide: structure in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1,3-butadiene buta-1,3-diene : A butadiene with unsaturation at positions 1 and 3. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | butadiene | carcinogenic agent; mutagen |
| acrolein [no description available] | 2.8 | 3 | 0 | enal | herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; toxin |
| acrylonitrile [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound | antifungal agent; carcinogenic agent; fungal metabolite; mutagen; polar aprotic solvent |
| allyl alcohol allyl alcohol: structure. allylic alcohol : An alcohol where the hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom adjacent to a double bond (R groups may be H, organyl, etc.).. allyl alcohol : A propenol in which the C=C bond connects C-2 and C-3. It is has been found in garlic (Allium sativum). Formerly used as a herbicide for the control of various grass and weed seeds. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | primary allylic alcohol; propenol | antibacterial agent; fungicide; herbicide; insecticide; plant metabolite |
| propargyl alcohol propargyl alcohol: irreversibly inactivates alcohol oxidase; RN given refers to parent cpd. prop-2-yn-1-ol : A terminal acetylenic compound that is prop-2-yne substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | propynol; terminal acetylenic compound; volatile organic compound | antifungal agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| glyoxal [no description available] | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | dialdehyde | agrochemical; allergen; pesticide; plant growth regulator |
| 2-methylpentane Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning. | 3.93 | 12 | 0 | alkane | |
| 3-hydroxybutanal [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-cyanoacetamide 2-cyanoacetamide: used in fluorimetric labeling of monosaccharides; structure | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| propylene glycol methyl ether propylene glycol methyl ether: RN given refers to unspecified methoxypropanol; structure | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acetic anhydride acetic anhydride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure. acetic anhydride : An acyclic carboxylic anhydride derived from acetic acid. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | acyclic carboxylic anhydride | metabolite; reagent |
| gamma-valerolactone gamma-valerolactone: metabolite of n-hexane; RN given refers to cpd with methyl moiety in position 5. gamma-valerolactone : A butan-4-olide that is dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one substituted by a methyl group at position 5. It has been found in the urine samples of humans exposed to n-hexane. | 2 | 1 | 0 | butan-4-olide | flavouring agent; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| maleic anhydride Maleic Anhydrides: Used in copolymerization reactions, in the Diels-Alder(diene)synthesis, in the preparation of resins, pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals. It is a powerful irritant and causes burns.. maleic anhydride : A cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride that is the cyclic anhydride of maleic acid. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride; furans | allergen |
| cyanuric chloride cyanuric chloride : A chloro-1,3,5-triazine in which the triazine ring is substituted on each carbon by chlorine. Its main use is in the preparation of the triazine-class pesticides. | 7.1 | 1 | 0 | chloro-1,3,5-triazine; organochlorine compound | cross-linking reagent |
| cyclohexanol Cyclohexanols: Monohydroxy derivatives of cyclohexanes that contain the general formula R-C6H11O. They have a camphorlike odor and are used in making soaps, insecticides, germicides, dry cleaning, and plasticizers.. cyclohexanols : An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclohexane skeleton. | 5.98 | 8 | 1 | cyclohexanols; secondary alcohol | solvent |
| thiophenol thiophenol : A thiol in which the sulfanyl group is attached to a phenyl group. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | aryl thiol | |
| triethylene glycol dimethacrylate [no description available] | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | ||
| boron trifluoride etherate [no description available] | 3.28 | 6 | 0 | ||
| pentane Pentanes: Five-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.. pentane : A straight chain alkane consisting of 5 carbon atoms. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | alkane; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent; refrigerant |
| dicyanmethane malononitrile : A dinitrile that is methane substituted by two cyano groups. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | aliphatic nitrile; dinitrile | |
| vinyl ether vinyl ether: major descriptor (65-85); on-line search VINYL COMPOUNDS (66-85); Index Medicus search VINYL ETHER (65-85) | 3.14 | 1 | 0 | ether | |
| pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. | 6.7 | 30 | 0 | pyrrole; secondary amine | |
| tetrahydrofuran oxolane : A cyclic ether that is butane in which one hydrogen from each methyl group is substituted by an oxygen. | 8.15 | 5 | 0 | cyclic ether; oxolanes; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent; volatile organic compound | polar aprotic solvent |
| furan furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid. | 7.49 | 2 | 0 | furans; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; Maillard reaction product |
| thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring. | 9.39 | 18 | 3 | mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent |
| succinamide [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| isopropyl myristate isopropyl myristate: used for microemulsions; structure | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | fatty acid ester | |
| n-hexane hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms. | 3.48 | 7 | 0 | alkane; volatile organic compound | neurotoxin; non-polar solvent |
| cyclohexene cyclohexene : A cycloalkene that is cylohexane with a single double bond. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | cycloalkene | |
| piperidine [no description available] | 7.39 | 2 | 0 | azacycloalkane; piperidines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent; secondary amine | base; catalyst; human metabolite; non-polar solvent; plant metabolite; protic solvent; reagent |
| morpholine [no description available] | 7.01 | 1 | 0 | morpholines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent | NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| 1-hexanol 1-hexanol: RN given refers to parent cpd. hexanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of six carbon atoms.. hexan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is hexane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. | 3.42 | 7 | 0 | hexanol; primary alcohol | alarm pheromone; antibacterial agent; fragrance; plant metabolite |
| diethanolamine diethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. diethanolamine : A member of the class of ethanolamines that is ethanolamine having a N-hydroxyethyl substituent. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ethanolamines | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| diethylene glycol glycol ether : A hydroxyether which contains both an ether and alcohol functional groups. It is one of the most versatile classes of organic solvents which are commonly used in paints, cleaners, adhesives, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | hydroxyether | |
| heptanol Heptanol: A colorless liquid with a fragrant odor. It is used as an intermediate, solvent and in cosmetics.. heptanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of seven carbon atoms.. heptan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is heptane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It has been isolated from Capillipedium parviflorum. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | heptanol; primary alcohol | flavouring agent; fragrance; gap junctional intercellular communication inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| nonane iotrochotin: toxin from the Caribbean sponge Iotrochota birotulata, which selectively permeabilizes synaptosomes. nonane : A straight chain alkane composed of 9 carbon atoms. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | alkane | plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| octylamine octylamine: RN given refers to 1-octylamine. octan-1-amine : An 8-carbon primary aliphatic amine. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | primary aliphatic amine | metabolite |
| carbitol carbitol: used as lubricating oil & in braking fluid, structure. diethylene glycol monoethyl ether : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 2-ethoxyethoxy group at position 2. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | diether; glycol ether; hydroxypolyether; primary alcohol | protic solvent |
| dodecyltrimethylammonium dodecyltrimethylammonium: used to determine thermal stability of DNA; RN given refers to parent cpd. dodecyltrimethylammonium ion : A quarternary ammonium cation having one dodecyl and three methyl substituents around the central nitrogen. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | |
| triethylene glycol triethylene glycol : A poly(ethylene glycol) that is octane-1,8-diol in which the carbon atoms at positions 3 and 6 have been replaced by oxygen atoms. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | diol; poly(ethylene glycol); primary alcohol | plasticiser |
| n-dodecane dodecane : A straight-chain alkane with 12 carbon atoms. It has been isolated from the essential oils of various plants including Zingiber officinale (ginger). | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | alkane | plant metabolite |
| dodecanol Dodecanol: A saturated 12-carbon fatty alcohol obtained from coconut oil fatty acids. It has a floral odor and is used in detergents, lubricating oils, and pharmaceuticals. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). dodecanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of twelve carbon atoms.. dodecan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is dodecane in which a hydrogen from one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group. It is registered for use in apple and pear orchards as a Lepidopteran pheromone/sex attractant, used to disrupt the mating behaviour of certain moths whose larvae destroy crops. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | dodecanol; primary alcohol | bacterial metabolite; cosmetic; insect attractant; insecticide; pheromone; plant metabolite |
| tetraethylenepentamine [no description available] | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | polyazaalkane | copper chelator |
| behenic acid behenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. docosanoic acid : A straight-chain, C22, long-chain saturated fatty acid. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | plant metabolite |
| ergotamine Ergotamine: A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. ergotamine : A peptide ergot alkaloid that is dihydroergotamine in which a double bond replaces the single bond between positions 9 and 10. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | peptide ergot alkaloid | alpha-adrenergic agonist; mycotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; oxytocic; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent |
| propylene propylene: structure | 2.99 | 4 | 0 | alkene; gas molecular entity | refrigerant; xenobiotic |
| dimethyl ether dimethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to two methyl groups. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | ether | |
| oxyphenisatin acetate Oxyphenisatin Acetate: A laxative that undergoes enterohepatic circulation. It may cause jaundice. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | benzoate ester; phenols | |
| acetol hydroxyacetone : A propanone that is acetone in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | methyl ketone; primary alcohol; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; propanones | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 2-methylbutanoic acid 2-methylbutanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 2-methylbutyric acid : A methylbutyric acid comprising a butyric acid core carrying a 2-methyl substituent. Produced from amino acid leucine during nutrient starvation in bacteria. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | methylbutyric acid | bacterial metabolite; human metabolite |
| benzyl salicylate benzyl salicylate: structure given in Merck | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | benzoate ester; phenols | |
| maltol maltol: found in bark of young larch trees; isolated from Passiflora incarnata; possesses depressant properties in mice; potentiates hexobarbital-induced narcosis & inhibits spontaneous motor activity; structure | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | 4-pyranones | metabolite |
| hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorobenzene: An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. hexachlorobenzene : A member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | aromatic fungicide; chlorobenzenes | antifungal agrochemical; carcinogenic agent; persistent organic pollutant |
| framycetin Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B. | 6.42 | 24 | 0 | aminoglycoside | allergen; antibacterial drug; Escherichia coli metabolite |
| 1-hydroxyphthalazine 1-hydroxyphthalazine: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified locants; do not confuse with cpd phthalazinol RN: 56611-65-5 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | phthalazines | |
| benzoin [no description available] | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | benzoins; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone | EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor |
| tetralin tetralin: structure given in first source. tetralin : An ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro derivative of naphthalene. | 7.52 | 2 | 0 | ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon; tetralins | |
| isoquinoline [no description available] | 3.41 | 1 | 0 | azaarene; isoquinolines; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene | |
| anthracene acene : A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of fused benzene rings in a rectilinear arrangement.. acenes : Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons consisting of fused benzene rings in a rectilinear arrangement and their substitution derivatives. | 4.91 | 12 | 0 | acene; anthracenes; ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon | |
| sulfoxide sulfoxide: synergistic insecticide for use with pyrethrum, allethrin, rotenone, ryania, etc.; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. sulfoxide : An organosulfur compound having the structure R2S=O or R2C=S=O (R =/= H). | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxoles | |
| cyclopentanone [no description available] | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | cyclopentanones | Maillard reaction product |
| vanillic acid Vanillic Acid: A flavoring agent. It is the intermediate product in the two-step bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin. (J Biotechnol 1996;50(2-3):107-13).. vanillic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is 4-hydroxybenzoic acid substituted by a methoxy group at position 3. | 7.34 | 82 | 0 | methoxybenzoic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid | plant metabolite |
| triethylamine [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | tertiary amine | |
| 1-hydroxyanthraquinone [no description available] | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | monohydroxyanthraquinone | |
| pyrazolanthrone pyrazolanthrone: JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor; structure in first source. anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one : A member of the class of anthrapyrazoles that is anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazole substituted at position 6 by an oxo group. An inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | anthrapyrazole; aromatic ketone; cyclic ketone | antineoplastic agent; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; geroprotector |
| 1,4-naphthoquinone naphthoquinone : A polycyclic aromatic ketone metabolite of naphthalene.. 1,4-naphthoquinone : The parent structure of the family of 1,4-naphthoquinones, in which the oxo groups of the quinone moiety are at positions 1 and 4 of the naphthalene ring. Derivatives have pharmacological properties. | 8.7 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-naphthoquinones | |
| meglumine Meglumine: 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.. N-methylglucamine : A hexosamine that is D-glucitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the nitrogen of a methylamino group. A crystalline base, it is used in preparing salts of certain acids for use as diagnostic radiopaque media, while its antimonate is used as an antiprotozoal in the treatment of leishmaniasis. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | hexosamine; secondary amino compound | |
| alpha-naphthylphthalamic acid alpha-naphthylphthalamic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. naptalam : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide which results from addition of one equivalent of 1-naphthylamine to phthalic anhydride. | 2 | 1 | 0 | carboxylic acid; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; N-(1-naphthyl)carboxamide | herbicide |
| uridine diphosphate glucose Uridine Diphosphate Glucose: A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.. UDP-alpha-D-glucose : The alpha-anomer of UDP-alpha-D-glucose. It is used in nucleotide sugars metabolism. | 9.38 | 21 | 0 | UDP-D-glucose | fundamental metabolite |
| 1-naphthylamine 1-Naphthylamine: A suspected industrial carcinogen (and listed as such by OSHA). Its N-hydroxy metabolite is strongly carcinogenic and mutagenic.. naphthylamine : A primary arylamine that is naphthalene substituted by an amino group at unspecified position.. 1-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine that is naphthalene substituted by an amino group at position 1. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | naphthylamine | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| fluorodeoxyuridylate Fluorodeoxyuridylate: 5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylate. An inhibitor of thymidylate synthetase. Formed from 5-fluorouracil or 5-fluorodeoxyuridine. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | |
| syringaldehyde syringaldehyde: isolated from nonfermented fiber fractions of oat hulls and cottonseed hulls. syringaldehyde : A hydroxybenzaldehyde that is 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3 and 5. Isolated from Pisonia aculeata and Panax japonicus var. major, it exhibits hypoglycemic activity. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | dimethoxybenzene; hydroxybenzaldehyde | hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite |
| 2-naphthol 2-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.. naphthols : Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent. | 4.65 | 27 | 0 | naphthol | antinematodal drug; genotoxin; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger |
| shikimic acid Shikimic Acid: A tri-hydroxy cyclohexene carboxylic acid important in biosynthesis of so many compounds that the shikimate pathway is named after it.. shikimic acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5 (the 3R,4S,5R stereoisomer). It is an intermediate metabolite in plants and microorganisms. | 5.54 | 13 | 0 | alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; cyclohexenecarboxylic acid; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| protocatechualdehyde protocatechualdehyde: found in wheat grains, wheat seedlings, & other plants; RN given refers to parent cpd; see also rancinamycins; structure | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | dihydroxybenzaldehyde | |
| estragole estragole : A phenylpropanoid that is chavicol in which the hydroxy group is replaced by a methoxy group. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | alkenylbenzene; monomethoxybenzene; phenylpropanoid | carcinogenic agent; flavouring agent; genotoxin; insect attractant; plant metabolite |
| citronellol citronellol: alcohol form of citronellal; found in rose oil; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. citronellol : A monoterpenoid that is oct-6-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 3 and 7.. insect repellent : An insecticide that acts as a repellent to insects. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | monoterpenoid | plant metabolite |
| ethyl acetate ethyl acetate : The acetate ester formed between acetic acid and ethanol. | 4.58 | 24 | 0 | acetate ester; ethyl ester; volatile organic compound | EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor; metabolite; polar aprotic solvent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| ethyl acetoacetate ethyl acetoacetate: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. ethyl acetoacetate : An ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of acetoacetic acid with ethanol. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ethyl ester | antibacterial agent; flavouring agent; plant metabolite |
| n-heptane Heptanes: Seven-carbon alkanes with the formula C7H16.. heptane : A straight-chain alkane with seven carbon atoms. It has been found in Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi). | 4.04 | 4 | 0 | alkane; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent; plant metabolite |
| dibutyl ether [no description available] | 7.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sodium cyanide Sodium Cyanide: A highly poisonous compound that is an inhibitor of many metabolic processes and is used as a test reagent for the function of chemoreceptors. It is also used in many industrial processes.. sodium cyanide : A cyanide salt containing equal numbers of sodium cations and cyanide anions. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | cyanide salt; one-carbon compound; sodium salt | EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor |
| pregnenolone [no description available] | 5.67 | 25 | 0 | 20-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; C21-steroid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| yohimbine Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina. | 3.47 | 2 | 0 | methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; serotonergic antagonist |
| 3-o-methylglucose 3-O-Methylglucose: A non-metabolizable glucose analogue that is not phosphorylated by hexokinase. 3-O-Methylglucose is used as a marker to assess glucose transport by evaluating its uptake within various cells and organ systems. (J Neurochem 1993;60(4):1498-504). 3-O-methyl-D-glucose : A D-aldohexose that is D-glucose in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group at position 3 has been substituted by a methyl group. It is a non-metabolisable glucose analogue that is not phosphorylated by hexokinase and is used as a marker to assess glucose transport by evaluating its uptake within various cells and organ systems. | 4.98 | 15 | 0 | D-aldohexose derivative | |
| diphenhydramine hydrochloride Antitussive Agents: Agents that suppress cough. They act centrally on the medullary cough center. EXPECTORANTS, also used in the treatment of cough, act locally.. diphenhydramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenhydramine. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | hydrochloride; organoammonium salt | anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; sedative |
| ditiocarb Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dithiocarbamic acids | chelator; copper chelator |
| formaldehydesulfoxylate formaldehydesulfoxylate: antidote for mercury poisoning; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonic acid disodium salt 1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-3,5-Disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt: A colorimetric reagent for iron, manganese, titanium, molybdenum, and complexes of zirconium. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| mequinol mequinol: depigmenting agent; RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | metabolite |
| 1,3-dimethoxybenzene 1,3-dimethoxybenzene: structure given in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| potassium cyanide [no description available] | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | cyanide salt; one-carbon compound; potassium salt | EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; neurotoxin |
| aziridine [no description available] | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | azacycloalkane; aziridines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent | alkylating agent |
| catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite. | 9.78 | 87 | 1 | catechin | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| thiamine pyrophosphate Thiamine Pyrophosphate: The coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 present in many animal tissues. It is a required intermediate in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX and the KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX.. thiamine(1+) diphosphate chloride : An organic chloride salt of thiamine(1+) diphosphate. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | organic chloride salt; vitamin B1 | |
| perylene Perylene: A 20-carbon dibenz(de,kl)anthracene that can be viewed as a naphthalene fused to a phenalene or as dinaphthalene. It is used as fluorescent lipid probe in the cytochemistry of membranes and is a polycyclic hydrocarbon pollutant in soil and water. Derivatives may be carcinogenic.. perylene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene comprising of five benzene rings that is anthracene in which the d,e and k,l sides are fused to benzene rings. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene; perylenes | |
| quinazolines Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives. | 9.51 | 7 | 0 | azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinazolines | |
| acridines Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | acridines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene | genotoxin |
| indazoles Indazoles: A group of heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds consisting of the fusion of BENZENE and PYRAZOLES. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | indazole | |
| benzofuran benzofuran: RN & structure given in first source. 1-benzofuran : A benzofuran consisting of fused benzene and furan rings. It is the parent compound of the class of 1-benzofurans. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | 1-benzofurans; benzofuran | |
| benzoxazoles 1,3-benzoxazole : A benzoxazole in which the benzene ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazole ring across positions 4 and 5.. benzoxazole : Compounds based on a fused 1,2- or 1,3-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton. | 3.13 | 5 | 0 | 1,3-benzoxazoles; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent | |
| adamantane Adamantane: A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon. | 4.07 | 4 | 0 | adamantanes; polycyclic alkane | |
| cyclopentane Cyclopentanes: A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.. cyclopentanes : Cyclopentane and its derivatives formed by substitution. | 7.66 | 51 | 0 | cycloalkane; cyclopentanes; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent |
| isoxazoles Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent. | 2.99 | 4 | 0 | isoxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
| oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom. | 4.94 | 38 | 0 | 1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
| thiazoles [no description available] | 6.9 | 37 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
| 1,2,4-triazole 1,2,4-triazole: RN given refers to 1H-1,2,4-triazole | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | 1,2,4-triazole | |
| pyridazine pyridazine: structure given in first source | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | diazine; pyridazines | |
| pyrimidine pyrimidine : The parent compound of the pyrimidines; a diazine having the two nitrogens at the 1- and 3-positions. | 3.23 | 6 | 0 | diazine; pyrimidines | Daphnia magna metabolite |
| pyrazines Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms. | 4.75 | 2 | 1 | diazine; pyrazines | Daphnia magna metabolite |
| cyclooctane [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nitroblue tetrazolium Nitroblue Tetrazolium: Colorless to yellow dye that is reducible to blue or black formazan crystals by certain cells; formerly used to distinguish between nonbacterial and bacterial diseases, the latter causing neutrophils to reduce the dye; used to confirm diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | organic cation | |
| methylphenazonium methosulfate Methylphenazonium Methosulfate: Used as an electron carrier in place of the flavine enzyme of Warburg in the hexosemonophosphate system and also in the preparation of SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | azaheterocycle sulfate salt; phenazines | |
| calcium gluconate [no description available] | 3.63 | 9 | 0 | calcium salt | nutraceutical |
| ephedrine Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively. | 7.9 | 4 | 0 | phenethylamine alkaloid; phenylethanolamines | bacterial metabolite; environmental contaminant; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic |
| hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups. | 6.16 | 25 | 0 | azane; hydrazines | EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor |
| thiocyanate thiocyanate: RN given refers to parent cpd. thiocyanate : A pseudohalide anion obtained by deprotonation of the thiol group of thiocyanic acid. | 4.31 | 4 | 1 | pseudohalide anion; sulfur molecular entity | human metabolite |
| chlormadinone acetate Chlormadinone Acetate: An orally active synthetic progestational hormone used often in combinations as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL). | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | corticosteroid hormone | |
| 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid: tyrosing metabolite; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid : A 2-hydroxy carboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | 2-hydroxy carboxylic acid; phenols | bacterial metabolite; human metabolite |
| paraoxon [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aryl dialkyl phosphate; organophosphate insecticide | EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite |
| hemicholinium 3 Hemicholinium 3: A potent inhibitor of the high affinity uptake system for CHOLINE. It has less effect on the low affinity uptake system. Since choline is one of the components of ACETYLCHOLINE, treatment with hemicholinium can deplete acetylcholine from cholinergic terminals. Hemicholinium 3 is commonly used as a research tool in animal and in vitro experiments. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | ||
| evans blue Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | fluorochrome; histological dye; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent |
| monocrotaline Monocrotaline: A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolizidine alkaloid | |
| 5-fluorouridine [no description available] | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | organofluorine compound; uridines | mutagen |
| aminophylline Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | mixture | bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug |
| azacitidine Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia. | 3.74 | 3 | 0 | N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine; nucleoside analogue | antineoplastic agent |
| 6-aminonicotinamide 6-Aminonicotinamide: A vitamin antagonist which has teratogenic effects.. 6-aminonicotinamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-aminonicotinic acid with ammonia. An inhibitor of the NADP(+)-dependent enzyme, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, it interferes with glycolysis, resulting in ATP depletion and synergizes with DNA-crosslinking chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin, in killing cancer cells. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aminopyridine; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary amino compound | antimetabolite; EC 1.1.1.44 (NADP(+)-dependent decarboxylating phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; teratogenic agent |
| diazomethane Diazomethane: A diazonium compound with the formula CH2N2.. diazomethane : The simplest diazo compound, in which a diazo group is attached to a methylene group. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | diazo compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; poison |
| carbutamide Carbutamide: A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277) | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; sulfonamide | |
| aminoimidazole carboxamide Aminoimidazole Carboxamide: An imidazole derivative which is a metabolite of the antineoplastic agents BIC and DIC. By itself, or as the ribonucleotide, it is used as a condensation agent in the preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. Compounded with orotic acid, it is used to treat liver diseases.. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide : An aminoimidazole in which the amino group is at C-5 with a carboxamido group at C-4. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | aminoimidazole; monocarboxylic acid amide | mouse metabolite |
| methysergide Methysergide: An ergot derivative that is a congener of LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE. It antagonizes the effects of serotonin in blood vessels and gastrointestinal smooth muscle, but has few of the properties of other ergot alkaloids. Methysergide is used prophylactically in migraine and other vascular headaches and to antagonize serotonin in the carcinoid syndrome.. methysergide : A synthetic ergot alkaloid, structurally related to the oxytocic agent methylergonovine and to the potent hallucinogen LSD and used prophylactically to reduce the frequency and intensity of severe vascular headaches. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ergoline alkaloid | |
| phenylbenzoquinone phenylbenzoquinone: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| citrulline citrulline : The parent compound of the citrulline class consisting of ornithine having a carbamoyl group at the N(5)-position. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; citrulline | Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; protective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| betamethasone Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724) | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent |
| benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(n,n-dimethyl-n-2-propenyl-), dibromide Benzenaminium, 4,4'-(3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(N,N-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-), Dibromide: Proposed cholinesterase inhibitor. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyanamide Cyanamide: A cyanide compound which has been used as a fertilizer, defoliant and in many manufacturing processes. It often occurs as the calcium salt, sometimes also referred to as cyanamide. The citrated calcium salt is used in the treatment of alcoholism.. cyanamide : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by an amino group. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | nitrile; one-carbon compound | EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor |
| nandrolone Nandrolone: C18 steroid with androgenic and anabolic properties. It is generally prepared from alkyl ethers of ESTRADIOL to resemble TESTOSTERONE but less one carbon at the 19 position.. nandrolone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is estr-4-en-3-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 17. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid | human metabolite |
| xanthinol niacinate Xanthinol Niacinate: A vasodilator used in peripheral vascular disorders and insufficiency. It may cause gastric discomfort and hypotension. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyanogen cyanogen: structure. oxalonitrile : A dinitrile that is ethane substituted by two cyano groups. | 5.05 | 6 | 0 | dinitrile; pseudohalogen | |
| hydantoins Hydantoins: Compounds based on imidazolidine dione. Some derivatives are ANTICONVULSANTS.. imidazolidine-2,4-dione : An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4. | 3.75 | 3 | 0 | imidazolidine-2,4-dione | |
| ketene ketene: structure. ketene : Carbonyl compounds where the C=O bond is conjugated to an alkylidene group. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | ketene | |
| limestone Calcium Carbonate: Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.. calcium carbonate : A calcium salt with formula CCaO3. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | calcium salt; carbonate salt; inorganic calcium salt; one-carbon compound | antacid; fertilizer; food colouring; food firming agent |
| oxamide oxamide: induces hydronephrosis in rat kidneys; structure. oxamide : A dicarboxylic acid diamide of oxalic acid. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid diamide | |
| hopane hopane: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 3.43 | 7 | 0 | terpenoid fundamental parent; triterpene | |
| pinane pinane: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. pinane : A monoterpene that is bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 6 and 6. | 7.04 | 1 | 0 | carbobicyclic compound; monoterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent | plant metabolite |
| chenodeoxycholic acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| naphthazarin naphthazarin: fish toxin; isolated for first time from the walnut onigurmi, Juglans mandshurica maxim var. Sieboldiana Makino; structure. naphthazarin : A naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 8 are replaced by hydroxy groups. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone | acaricide; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; plant metabolite |
| fusarium Fusarium: A mitosporic Hypocreales fungal genus, various species of which are important parasitic pathogens of plants and a variety of vertebrates. Teleomorphs include GIBBERELLA. | 4.48 | 23 | 0 | ||
| funiculosin (anthraquinone) funiculosin (anthraquinone): see also a pyridone cpd called funiculosin; structure | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | trihydroxyanthraquinone | |
| lucidin lucidin: from Rubiatinctorum L. root | 7.4 | 2 | 0 | dihydroxyanthraquinone | |
| rhein [no description available] | 7.37 | 2 | 0 | dihydroxyanthraquinone | |
| berbamine [no description available] | 7.07 | 1 | 0 | phenylpropanoid | |
| indirubin [no description available] | 4.46 | 6 | 0 | ||
| epitestosterone Epitestosterone: The 17-alpha isomer of TESTOSTERONE, derived from PREGNENOLONE via the delta5-steroid pathway, and via 5-androstene-3-beta,17-alpha-diol. Epitestosterone acts as an antiandrogen in various target tissues. The ratio between testosterone/epitestosterone is used to monitor anabolic drug abuse.. epitestosterone : An androstanoid that is the C-17 epimer of testosterone. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid | androgen antagonist; human metabolite |
| plumbagin plumbagin: a superoxide anion generator. plumbagin : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are substituted by methyl and hydroxy groups, respectively. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone; phenols | anticoagulant; antineoplastic agent; immunological adjuvant; metabolite |
| aloe emodin aloe emodin: structure distinct from emodin; this does not mean emodin from aloe. Aloe emodin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It has been isolated from plant species of the genus Aloe. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | aromatic primary alcohol; dihydroxyanthraquinone | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| chrysophanic acid chrysophanic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #2260. chrysophanol : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin with a methyl substituent at C-3. It has been isolated from Aloe vera and exhibits antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity. | 3.32 | 6 | 0 | dihydroxyanthraquinone | anti-inflammatory agent; antiviral agent; plant metabolite |
| menadiol [no description available] | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | methylnaphthalenes; naphthalenediols; naphthohydroquinone | |
| cdta CDTA: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | organooxygen compound | |
| phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate Phosphoadenosine Phosphosulfate: 3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. Key intermediate in the formation by living cells of sulfate esters of phenols, alcohols, steroids, sulfated polysaccharides, and simple esters, such as choline sulfate. It is formed from sulfate ion and ATP in a two-step process. This compound also is an important step in the process of sulfur fixation in plants and microorganisms.. 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate : An adenosine bisphosphate having monophosphate groups at the 3'- and 5'-positions and a sulfo group attached to the phosphate at position 5'. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | acyl sulfate; adenosine bisphosphate; purine ribonucleoside bisphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| emetine Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | isoquinoline alkaloid; pyridoisoquinoline | antiamoebic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiviral agent; autophagy inhibitor; emetic; expectorant; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| kokusaginine kokusaginine: antimalarial alkaloid from Teclea afzelii; structure in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| flavanone flavanone: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source. flavanone : The simplest member of the class of flavanones that consists of flavan bearing an oxo substituent at position 4. | 6.85 | 24 | 1 | flavanones | |
| kainic acid Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid | antinematodal drug; excitatory amino acid agonist |
| indole-3-carbaldehyde indole-3-carbaldehyde: metabolite of tryptophan; structure. indole-3-carbaldehyde : A heteroarenecarbaldehyde that is indole in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a formyl group. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | heteroarenecarbaldehyde; indole alkaloid; indoles | bacterial metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; marine metabolite; plant metabolite |
| thymoquinone thymoquinone: constituent of cedarwood; can cause dermatitis; structure. thymoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-bezoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl and isopropyl groups, respectively. It is a natural compound isolated from Nigella sativa which has demonstrated promising chemotherapeutic activity. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-benzoquinones | adjuvant; anti-inflammatory agent; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| indoline indoline: structure given in first source | 7.49 | 2 | 0 | indoles | |
| butenolide butenolide: inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rats. butenolide : A gamma-lactone that consists of a 2-furanone skeleton and its substituted derivatives. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | butenolide | |
| 2-norbornene norbornene : A bridged compound that is cyclohexane with a methylene bridge between carbons 1 and 4 and a double bond at position 2. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | ||
| isomaltose [no description available] | 3.52 | 8 | 0 | ||
| carvacrol carvacrol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. An inhibitor of bacterial growth, it is used as a food additive. Potent activator of the human ion channels transient receptor potential V3 (TRPV3) and A1 (TRPA1). | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | botanical anti-fungal agent; p-menthane monoterpenoid; phenols | agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; flavouring agent; TRPA1 channel agonist; volatile oil component |
| indophenol Indophenol: A deep blue dye (with the formula OC6H4NC6H4OH) used to detect AMMONIA in a common test called the Berthelot's reaction and to detect PARACETAMOL by spectrophotometry.. indophenol : A quinone imine obtained by formal condensation of one of the keto groups of benzoquinone with the amino group of 4-hydroxyaniline. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | quinone imine | dye |
| phloroglucinol dimethyl ether phloroglucinol dimethyl ether: structure | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | |
| 4-hydroxyphenylethanol 4-hydroxyphenylethanol: in chest gland secretion of galagos. 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol : A phenol substituted at position 4 by a 2-hydroxyethyl group. | 3.17 | 5 | 0 | phenols | anti-arrhythmia drug; antioxidant; cardiovascular drug; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; protective agent |
| phloretic acid phloretic acid: structure. N-hydroxysuccinimide ester : An ester of N-hydroxysuccinimide.. phloretic acid : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of propionic acid having a 4-hydroxyphenyl group at the 3-position. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | plant metabolite |
| oxetane oxetane: structure. oxetane : A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is a four-membered ring comprising of three carbon atoms and an oxygen atom. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | oxetanes; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent | |
| isovaleric acid isovaleric acid: structure. isovaleric acid : A C5, branched-chain saturated fatty acid. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | branched-chain saturated fatty acid; methylbutyric acid; short-chain fatty acid | mammalian metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 1,3-cyclohexanedione 1,3-cyclohexanedione: structure. cyclohexane-1,3-dione : A cyclohexanedione carrying oxo substituents at positions 1 and 3. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | beta-diketone; cyclohexanedione | |
| alpha-aminopyridine alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485. aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 1,3-propanediol propane-1,3-diol : The simplest member of the class of propane-1,3-diols, consisting of propane in which one hydrogen from each methyl group is substituted by a hydroxy group. A colourless, viscous, water-miscible liquid with a high (210degreeC) boiling point, it is used in the synthesis of certain polymers and as a solvent and antifreeze. | 7.36 | 2 | 0 | propane-1,3-diols | metabolite; protic solvent |
| thiazolidines Thiazolidines: Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | thiazolidine | |
| cyanogen bromide Cyanogen Bromide: Cyanogen bromide (CNBr). A compound used in molecular biology to digest some proteins and as a coupling reagent for phosphoroamidate or pyrophosphate internucleotide bonds in DNA duplexes. | 4.26 | 19 | 0 | ||
| oleanolic acid [no description available] | 8.79 | 131 | 0 | hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | plant metabolite |
| cadmium carbonate cadmium carbonate: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Cd-CO3 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| abietic acid abietic acid : An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-7,13-diene substituted by a carboxy group at position 18. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | abietane diterpenoid; monocarboxylic acid | plant metabolite |
| periplogenin periplogenin: structure | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| myrtenol myrtenol: fragrance ingredient; structure in first source | 7.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hematoxylin Hematoxylin: A dye obtained from the heartwood of logwood (Haematoxylon campechianum Linn., Leguminosae) used as a stain in microscopy and in the manufacture of ink. | 2.9 | 2 | 0 | organic heterotetracyclic compound; oxacycle; polyphenol; tertiary alcohol | histological dye; plant metabolite |
| podophyllotoxin Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA. | 9.88 | 38 | 9 | furonaphthodioxole; lignan; organic heterotetracyclic compound | antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator |
| hesperidin Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 7.11 | 41 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; flavanone glycoside; monomethoxyflavanone; rutinoside | mutagen |
| dihydrotestosterone Dihydrotestosterone: A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.. 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5.. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one; 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid | androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| physcione physcione: structure. physcion : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 8, a methoxy group at position 3, and a methyl group at position 6. It has been widely isolated and characterised from both terrestrial and marine sources. | 3.56 | 8 | 0 | dihydroxyanthraquinone | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite |
| angelicin angelicin: used as tranquillizer; sedative; or anticonvulsant; structure | 3.36 | 6 | 0 | furanocoumarin | |
| flavone flavone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure given in first source. flavone : The simplest member of the class of flavones that consists of 4H-chromen-4-one bearing a phenyl substituent at position 2. | 6.54 | 63 | 0 | flavones | metabolite; nematicide |
| copper gluconate Gluconates: Derivatives of gluconic acid (the structural formula HOCH2(CHOH)4COOH), including its salts and esters. | 4.4 | 22 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| azomycin azomycin: RN given refers to parent cpd with specified locant; structure | 3.58 | 2 | 0 | C-nitro compound; imidazoles | antitubercular agent |
| uridine diphosphate n-acetylglucosamine Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine: Serves as the biological precursor of insect chitin, of muramic acid in bacterial cell walls, and of sialic acids in mammalian glycoproteins. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| cellobiose beta-cellobiose : A cellobiose with beta configuration at the reducing-end glucose residue. | 5.09 | 42 | 0 | cellobiose | epitope |
| syringic acid syringic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in third source. syringic acid : A dimethoxybenzene that is 3,5-dimethyl ether derivative of gallic acid. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acids; dimethoxybenzene; phenols | plant metabolite |
| herniarin herniarin: methoxy analog of umbelliferone; structure. herniarin : A member of the class of coumarins that is coumarin substituted by a methoxy group at position 7. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | coumarins | fluorochrome |
| mandelonitrile, (+-)-isomer [no description available] | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | cyanohydrin | |
| chlormethiazole Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | thiazoles | |
| tropolone Tropolone: A seven-membered aromatic ring compound. It is structurally related to a number of naturally occurring antifungal compounds (ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS).. tropolone : A cyclic ketone that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It is a toxin produced by the agricultural pathogen Burkholderia plantarii. | 7.47 | 2 | 0 | alpha-hydroxy ketone; cyclic ketone; enol | bacterial metabolite; fungicide; toxin |
| 1,1-dimethoxyethane 1,1-dimethoxyethane : An acetal that is dimethoxymethane substituted by a methyl group at position 1. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | acetal; diether | flavouring agent; plant metabolite |
| 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol : A hydroxytoluene that is o-cresol carrying nitro substituents at positions 4 and 6. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | dinitrophenol acaricide; hydroxytoluene; nitrotoluene | dinitrophenol insecticide; fungicide; herbicide |
| methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol: Synthesized from endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine in vivo. It is found in brain, blood, CSF, and urine, where its concentrations are used to measure catecholamine turnover. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | |
| perillyl alcohol perillyl alcohol: inhibits geranylgeranyl transferase; structure in first source. perillyl alcohol : A limonene monoterpenoid consists of a cyclohexene ring substituted by a hydroxymethyl and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively. It is a constituent of a variety of essential oils including lavender. | 7.1 | 1 | 0 | limonene monoterpenoid | plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| phenylacetylene phenylacetylene: can polymerize into DENDRIMERS | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | benzenes | |
| dicyclohexylcarbodiimide 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide : A carbodiimide compound having a cyclohexyl substituent on both nitrogen atoms. | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | carbodiimide | ATP synthase inhibitor; cross-linking reagent; peptide coupling reagent |
| malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. | 5.43 | 57 | 0 | dialdehyde | biomarker |
| 3-hexen-1-ol 3-hexen-1-ol: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer; a green odor chemical. hex-3-en-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is hex-3-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. | 2.53 | 2 | 0 | alkenyl alcohol; homoallylic alcohol; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound | plant metabolite |
| n-hexadecane n-hexadecane: structure. hexadecane : A straight-chain alkane with 16 carbon atoms. It is a component of essential oil isolated from long pepper. | 2 | 1 | 0 | long-chain alkane | non-polar solvent; plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid: A reagent that is used to neutralize peptide terminal amino groups.. 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions. | 3.25 | 6 | 0 | arenesulfonic acid; C-nitro compound | epitope; explosive; reagent |
| eosine yellowish-(ys) Eosine Yellowish-(YS): A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.. eosin YS dye : An organic sodium salt that is 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromofluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions. | 2.85 | 3 | 0 | organic sodium salt; organobromine compound | fluorochrome; histological dye |
| phenalen-1-one phenalen-1-one: fossil fuel combustion product | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lucanthone hydrochloride Schistosomicides: Agents that act systemically to kill adult schistosomes. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| resazurin resazurin: used as indicator in detection of hyposulfite (sulfoxylate); in food research (reductase test); structure | 2.61 | 2 | 0 | phenoxazine | |
| paeonol paeonol: structure | 4.62 | 8 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | metabolite |
| neutral red Neutral Red: A vital dye used as an indicator and biological stain. Various adverse effects have been observed in biological systems.. neutral red : A hydrochloride obtained by combining the free base of neutral red with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Neutral red acts as a pH indicator, changing from red to yellow between pH 6.8 and 8.0. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | acid-base indicator; dye; two-colour indicator |
| linamarin [no description available] | 7.03 | 25 | 1 | beta-D-glucoside | |
| 4-chloromercuribenzenesulfonate 4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate: A cytotoxic sulfhydryl reagent that inhibits several subcellular metabolic systems and is used as a tool in cellular physiology. | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | arenesulfonic acid; arylmercury compound | |
| carbon tetrabromide tetrabromomethane : A one-carbon compound substituted by 4 bromo groups. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | bromomethanes | |
| glycerylphosphorylcholine Glycerylphosphorylcholine: A component of PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINES or LECITHINS, in which the two hydroxy groups of GLYCEROL are esterified with fatty acids. (From Stedman, 26th ed) | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | glycerophosphocholine | |
| silver acetate silver acetate: RN refers to acetic acid, silver (1+) salt | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| docusate Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid: All-purpose surfactant, wetting agent, and solubilizer used in the drug, cosmetics, and food industries. It has also been used in laxatives and as cerumenolytics. It is usually administered as either the calcium, potassium, or sodium salt. | 2.87 | 1 | 0 | diester; organosulfonic acid | |
| 3-hydroxyflavone 3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone. | 12.26 | 460 | 4 | flavonols; monohydroxyflavone | |
| succinimide succinimide: RN given refers to parent cpd. succinimide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine which is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 5. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dicarboximide; pyrrolidinone | |
| iodobenzene iodobenzene: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-hexene 1-hexene: structure in first source. 1-hexene : An alkene that is hexane carrying a double bond at position 1. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | alkene | |
| triphenylphosphine triphenylphosphine: RN given refers to parent cpd. triphenylphosphine : A member of the class of tertiary phosphines that is phosphane in which the three hydrogens are replaced by phenyl groups. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | benzenes; tertiary phosphine | NMR chemical shift reference compound; reducing agent |
| galactitol [no description available] | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | hexitol | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine. | 4.53 | 7 | 0 | acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary |
| chorismic acid Chorismic Acid: A cyclohexadiene carboxylic acid derived from SHIKIMIC ACID and a precursor for the biosynthesis of UBIQUINONE and the AROMATIC AMINO ACIDS.. chorismic acid : The (3R,4R)-stereoisomer of 5-[(1-carboxyethenyl)oxy]-6-hydroxycyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | 5-[(1-carboxyethenyl)oxy]-6-hydroxycyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| triethylsilane [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | organosilicon compound | reducing agent |
| benzenesulfinic acid [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | organosulfinic acid | |
| 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol: structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-methyl-2-furfural 5-methyl-2-furfural: RN given refers to cpd with locants as specified | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde; furans | EC 2.2.1.6 (acetolactate synthase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; human metabolite; Maillard reaction product |
| 3-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid 3-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid: metabolite of L-dopa; structure. 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is phenylacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 3 on the benzene ring is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; phenols | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| 3-iodoaniline 3-iodoaniline: the 125I cpd used for radiolabeling biotin; structure given in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea: structure. 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea : A member of the class of ureas that is urea substituted by methyl groups at positions 1, 1, 3 and 3 respectively. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ureas | human metabolite |
| c.i. 42510 Rosaniline Dyes: Compounds that contain the triphenylmethane aniline structure found in rosaniline. Many of them have a characteristic magenta color and are used as COLORING AGENTS.. basic fuchsin : A four-component mixture of chemically related dyes comprising pararosanilin, rosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin in varying amounts. rosanilin : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride of 4-[(4-aminophenyl)(4-iminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline. One of the major constituents of Basic fuchsin, together with pararosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively. | 7.07 | 25 | 0 | cyclic ketone; erythromycin | |
| formal glycol [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | cyclic acetal; dioxolane | |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate: The circulating form of a major C19 steroid produced primarily by the ADRENAL CORTEX. DHEA sulfate serves as a precursor for TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE.. dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate : A steroid sulfate that is the 3-sulfooxy derivative of dehydroepiandrosterone. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate | EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| isosorbide Isosorbide: 1,4:3,6-Dianhydro D-glucitol. Chemically inert osmotic diuretic used mainly to treat hydrocephalus; also used in glaucoma. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| nitrosoguanidines Nitrosoguanidines: Nitrosylated derivatives of guanidine. They are used as MUTAGENS in MOLECULAR BIOLOGY research. | 3.45 | 8 | 0 | ||
| hempa Hempa: A chemosterilant agent that is anticipated to be a carcinogen. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | phosphoramide | insect sterilant; mutagen |
| methylnitrosourea Methylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by methyl and nitroso groups. | 5.78 | 6 | 1 | N-nitrosoureas | alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; mutagen; teratogenic agent |
| naphthyl acetate naphthyl acetate: do not confuse with naphthaleneacetic acid; acetic acid ester of naphthol | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ethyl gallate ethyl gallate: used with osmium in procedure for mapping neuronal pathways. ethyl gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with ethanol. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | gallate ester | plant metabolite |
| 3-cyanoalanine 3-cyanoalanine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-cyanoalanine : An alanine derivative obtained by replacement of one of the methyl hydrogens in alanine with a cyano group | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | alanine derivative; aliphatic nitrile; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | |
| 3,4-epoxy-1-butene 3,4-epoxy-1-butene: RN given refers to monomer | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclopentenone 2-cyclopenten-1-one : An enone that is cyclopentanone having a C=C double bond at position 2. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | alicyclic ketone; enone | Hsp70 inducer |
| diphenyl sulfoxide diphenyl sulfoxide: electron acceptor for liver aldehyde oxidase | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | sulfoxide | |
| deoxycytidine [no description available] | 3.57 | 8 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| deoxyuridine [no description available] | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 2'-deoxyadenosine 2'-deoxyformycin A: RN not in Chemline 9/85; RN and structure given in first source | 2.78 | 3 | 0 | purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| canrenone Canrenone: A synthetic pregnadiene compound with anti-aldosterone activity. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | steroid lactone | |
| cytidine diphosphate choline Cytidine Diphosphate Choline: Donor of choline in biosynthesis of choline-containing phosphoglycerides. | 3.39 | 1 | 1 | nucleotide-(amino alcohol)s; phosphocholines | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| deoxycytidine monophosphate Deoxycytidine Monophosphate: Deoxycytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A deoxycytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the deoxyribose moiety in the 2'-,3'- or 5- positions.. 2'-deoxycytosine 5'-monophosphate : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | 2'-deoxycytidine phosphate; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| phenylglyoxal [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | phenylacetaldehydes | |
| nicotinamide mononucleotide Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: 3-Carbamoyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl pyridinium hydroxide-5'phosphate, inner salt. A nucleotide in which the nitrogenous base, nicotinamide, is in beta-N-glycosidic linkage with the C-1 position of D-ribose. Synonyms: Nicotinamide Ribonucleotide; NMN. | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | nicotinamide mononucleotide | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| pyrithioxin Pyrithioxin: A neurotropic agent which reduces permeability of blood-brain barrier to phosphate. It has no vitamin B6 activity. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | methylpyridines | |
| 4-dimethylaminopyridine 4-dimethylaminopyridine: catalyst for acetylation of hydroxy cpds; structure | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound | |
| dihydroferulic acid dihydroferulic acid: structure in first source. dihydroferulic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 has been replaced by a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl group. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | guaiacols; monocarboxylic acid; phenylpropanoid | antioxidant; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 4-aminothiophenol [no description available] | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | ||
| durapatite Durapatite: The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.. hydroxylapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH). | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | ||
| potassium hydroxide potassium hydroxide: RN given refers to cpd with MF of K-OH | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | alkali metal hydroxide | |
| sodium hydroxide Sodium Hydroxide: A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 3.89 | 13 | 0 | alkali metal hydroxide | |
| zinc oxide Zinc Oxide: A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock. | 7.51 | 2 | 0 | zinc molecular entity | |
| chromium trioxide chromium trioxide: oxidizing agent. chromium trioxide : A chromium oxide composed of a single chromium bound (oxidation state +6) to three oxygens; the acidic anhydride of chromic acid. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | chromium oxide | |
| hydrofluoric acid Hydrofluoric Acid: Hydrofluoric acid. A solution of hydrogen fluoride in water. It is a colorless fuming liquid which can cause painful burns.. hydrogen fluoride : A diatomic molecule containing covalently bonded hydrogen and fluorine atoms.. organofluorine compound : An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond. | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride | NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| vancomycin Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile. | 7.72 | 13 | 1 | glycopeptide | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite |
| glycyrrhizic acid glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid. | 10.53 | 16 | 1 | enone; glucosiduronic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; tricarboxylic acid; triterpenoid saponin | EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils. | 4.84 | 33 | 0 | alpha-tocopherol | algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite |
| tocopherols [no description available] | 2.96 | 4 | 0 | ||
| lysergol lysergol: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (8beta)-isomer. lysergol : An alkaloid of the ergoline family that occurs as a minor constituent in some species of fungi and in the morning glory family of plants. Its structure is that of ergoline with a methyl group at N-6 and a beta-hydroxymethyl substituent at C-8. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ergoline alkaloid | |
| pseudouridine [no description available] | 4.76 | 5 | 0 | pseudouridines | fundamental metabolite |
| 4-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide [no description available] | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | ||
| vincamine Vincamine: A major alkaloid of Vinca minor L., Apocynaceae. It has been used therapeutically as a vasodilator and antihypertensive agent, particularly in cerebrovascular disorders. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid ester; hemiaminal; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; vinca alkaloid | antihypertensive agent; metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| methyl tert-butyl ether methyl tert-butyl ether: used to dissolve gallstones; gasoline additive. methyl tert-butyl ether : An ether having methyl and tert-butyl as the two alkyl components. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ether | fuel additive; metabolite; non-polar solvent |
| diphenyldiselenide diphenyldiselenide: structure given in first source | 7.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| digoxigenin Digoxigenin: 3 beta,12 beta,14-Trihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)-enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digoxin. Can be obtained by hydrolysis of digoxin or from Digitalis orientalis L. and Digitalis lanata Ehrh.. digoxigenin : A hydroxy steroid that consists of 5beta-cardanolide having a double bond at the 20(22)-position as well as hydroxy groups at the 3beta-, 12beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Digitalis. | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-sterol | hapten; plant metabolite |
| spectinomycin Spectinomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of GONORRHEA.. spectinomycin dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining spectinomycin with two molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea.. spectinomycin : A pyranobenzodioxin and antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | cyclic acetal; cyclic hemiketal; cyclic ketone; pyranobenzodioxin; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite |
| cyclopropanecarboxylic acid cyclopropanecarboxylic acid: 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | cyclopropanes; monocarboxylic acid | |
| cembrane cembrane: diterpene with Ca-antagonistic action on rabbit aorta from soft coral of genus Sarcophyton; structure given in first source. cembrane : A 14-membered macrocyclic diterpene carrying an isopropyl group at C-1 and three symmetrically disposed methyl groups at C-4, -8 and -12. | 7.44 | 2 | 0 | diterpene | |
| paraquat Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.. paraquat : An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | organic cation | geroprotector; herbicide |
| pristane pristane: structure. pristane : A norterpene that is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon derived from phytane by loss of its C-16 terminal methyl group. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | long-chain alkane; norterpene | biomarker; immunological adjuvant |
| 2-tert-butylhydroquinone 2-tert-butylhydroquinone: an anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive agent. 2-tert-butylhydroquinone : A member of the class of hydroquinones in which one of the ring hydrogens of hydroquinone is replaced by a tert-butyl group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | hydroquinones | food antioxidant |
| methionine sulfoximine methionine sulfoximine : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is the sulfoximine derivative of methionine . | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | methionine derivative; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sulfoximide | |
| amiloride Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. | 3.77 | 3 | 0 | aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines | diuretic; sodium channel blocker |
| azetidyl-2-carboxylic acid azetidyl-2-carboxylic acid: a proline analog (with 4-membered ring in place of 5); a toxic non-protein amino acid that is misincorporated into protein in place of proline; induces nonfunctional heat-shock proteins; inhibits acquired thermotolerance; RN given refers to (L)-isomer; found in beets and Liliaceae. (S)-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid : The (S)-enantiomer of azetidine-2-carboxylic acid.. azetidinecarboxylic acid : A member of the class of azetidines that is azetidine substituted by at least one carboxy group at unspecified position. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | azetidine-2-carboxylic acid | |
| phenethyl isothiocyanate phenethyl isothiocyanate: a dietary liver aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; promotes urinary bladder carcinoma. phenethyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables (e.g. watercress) and is known to possess anticancer properties. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | isothiocyanate | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; metabolite |
| 5-phenylvaleric acid 5-phenylvaleric acid: from Polygonum salicifolium. 5-phenylpentanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is valeric acid substituted by a phenyl group at the delta-position. | 2 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid | |
| fluorescein Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy. | 7.08 | 1 | 0 | 2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; xanthene dye | fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium |
| 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethanol 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethanol: Metabolite of serotonin and norepinephrine. | 3.14 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | |
| thioflavin t thioflavin T: RN given refers to chloride; structure. thioflavine T : An organic chloride salt having 2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,6-dimethyl-1,3-benzothiazol-3-ium as the counterion. It is widely used to visualise and quantify the presence of amyloids, both in vitro and in vivo. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | organic chloride salt | fluorochrome; geroprotector; histological dye |
| fucose Fucose: A six-member ring deoxysugar with the chemical formula C6H12O5. It lacks a hydroxyl group on the carbon at position 6 of the molecule.. L-fucopyranose : The pyranose form of L-fucose.. fucose : Any deoxygalactose that is deoxygenated at the 6-position. | 5.98 | 111 | 0 | fucopyranose; L-fucose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate: structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronic Acid: A nucleoside diphosphate sugar which serves as a source of glucuronic acid for polysaccharide biosynthesis. It may also be epimerized to UDP iduronic acid, which donates iduronic acid to polysaccharides. In animals, UDP glucuronic acid is used for formation of many glucosiduronides with various aglycones.. UDP-alpha-D-glucuronic acid : A UDP-sugar having alpha-D-glucuronic acid as the sugar component. | 4.2 | 5 | 0 | UDP-D-glucuronic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| n-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone: structure in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | N-alkylpyrrolidine | |
| hydroxyphenytoin hydroxyphenytoin: main metabolite of diphenylhydantoin; reduces Na(+) inhibition at high Na:K ratios; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 4-hydroxyphenytoin : A imidazolidine-2,4-dione that consists of hydantoin bearing phenyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl substituents at position 5. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | imidazolidine-2,4-dione; phenols | metabolite |
| thymine glycol thymine glycol: forms photodimers (thymine dimers) under UV; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | hydroxypyrimidine | |
| uridine diphosphate galactose Uridine Diphosphate Galactose: A nucleoside diphosphate sugar which can be epimerized into UDPglucose for entry into the mainstream of carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a source of galactose in the synthesis of lipopolysaccharides, cerebrosides, and lactose.. UDP-alpha-D-galactose : A UDP-D-galactose in which the anomeric centre of the galactose moiety has alpha-configuration. | 3.24 | 6 | 0 | UDP-D-galactose | mouse metabolite |
| doxifluridine doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug |
| 10-camphorsulfonic acid 10-camphorsulfonic acid: solucampher refers to piperazine salt; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Negwer. camphorsulfonic acid : A sulfonic acid containing the camphorsulfonate anion. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | organosulfonic acid | |
| 2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol 2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol: structure given in first source | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | primary alcohol | |
| fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques. | 3.26 | 6 | 0 | fluorescein isothiocyanate | |
| sabinene sabinene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. sabinene : A thujene that is a bicyclic monoterpene isolated from the essential oils of various plant species. | 10.07 | 74 | 0 | thujene | plant metabolite |
| 1-octen-3-ol 1-octen-3-ol: main flavor component of mushrooms; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; bait for insect vectors (tsetse, sandflies, mosquitoes). oct-1-en-3-ol : An alkenyl alcohol with a structure based on a C8 unbranched chain with the hydroxy group at C-2 and unsaturation at C-1-C-2. It is a major volatile compound present in many mushrooms and fungi. | 8.29 | 5 | 0 | alkenyl alcohol; medium-chain fatty alcohol | antimicrobial agent; fungal metabolite; insect attractant; volatile oil component |
| mannose mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose. | 14.24 | 263 | 0 | D-aldohexose; D-mannose; mannopyranose | metabolite |
| dithiothreitol 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol. | 3.66 | 10 | 0 | 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol; butanediols; dithiol; glycol; thiol | chelator; human metabolite; reducing agent |
| zinc carbonate [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | organooxygen compound | |
| palmatine burasaine: structure in first source | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | berberine alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound | plant metabolite |
| 9-amino-6-chloro-2-methoxyacridine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ecdysone [no description available] | 2.87 | 4 | 0 | 14alpha-hydroxy steroid; 22-hydroxy steroid; 25-hydroxy steroid; 2beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-sterol; 6-oxo steroid; ecdysteroid | prohormone |
| uridine diphosphate xylose Uridine Diphosphate Xylose: The decarboxylation product of UDPglucuronic acid, which is used for formation of the xylosides of seryl hydroxyl groups in mucoprotein synthesis. Also forms plant xylans. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | UDP-sugar | fundamental metabolite |
| streptomycin [no description available] | 6.19 | 27 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal drug; antibiotic fungicide; streptomycins | antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; antimicrobial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| chloric acid [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | chlorine oxoacid | |
| carbonates Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). carbonates : Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3. | 3.88 | 12 | 0 | carbon oxoanion | |
| 3-o-methylgallic acid 3-O-methylgallic acid: structure in first source. 3-O-methylgallic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is gallic acid in which the phenolic hydroxy group at position 3 is converted into the corresponding methyl ether. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acids; catechols | |
| 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd | 7.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hyaluronoglucosaminidase kinetin riboside: preferentially induces apoptosis by modulating Bcl-2 family proteins and caspase-3 in cancer cells; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | purine nucleoside | |
| fructosamine Fructosamine: An amino sugar formed when glucose non-enzymatically reacts with the N-terminal amino group of proteins. The fructose moiety is derived from glucose by the classical Amadori rearrangement. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| carbenicillin Carbenicillin: Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.. carbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain. | 3.55 | 9 | 0 | penicillin allergen; penicillin | antibacterial drug |
| buthionine sulfoximine Buthionine Sulfoximine: A synthetic amino acid that depletes glutathione by irreversibly inhibiting gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a critical step in glutathione biosynthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferative response in human T-lymphocytes and inhibit macrophage activation. (J Biol Chem 1995;270(33):1945-7). 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is homocysteine in which the thiol group carries an oxo, imino and butyl groups.. S-butyl-DL-homocysteine (S,R)-sulfoximine : A sulfoximide that is the sulfoximine derivative of an analogue of DL-methionine in which the S-methyl group is replaced by S-butyl. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | diastereoisomeric mixture; homocysteines; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sulfoximide | EC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer |
| norleucine Norleucine: An unnatural amino acid that is used experimentally to study protein structure and function. It is structurally similar to METHIONINE, however it does not contain SULFUR.. L-norleucine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino group at C-2. It does not occur naturally. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | 2-aminohexanoic acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | |
| raspberry ketone rheosmin: an NSAID that blocks NF-kappaB activation; isolated from Pinus densiflora; structure in first source. raspberry ketone : A ketone that is 4-phenylbutan-2-one in which the phenyl ring is substituted at position 4 by a hydroxy group. It is found in a variety of fruits including raspberries, blackberries and cranberries, and is used in perfumery and cosmetics. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | methyl ketone; phenols | androgen antagonist; cosmetic; flavouring agent; fragrance; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite |
| dihydrostreptomycin sulfate Dihydrostreptomycin Sulfate: A semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic that is used in the treatment of TUBERCULOSIS. | 2.63 | 3 | 0 | ||
| iodinated glycerol iodinated glycerol: secretolytic agent; RN given refers to cpd without iodine locant | 6 | 36 | 0 | dioxolane | |
| dimethindene Dimethindene: A histamine H1 antagonist. It is used in hypersensitivity reactions, in rhinitis, for pruritus, and in some common cold remedies. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | indene | |
| n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound | neurotransmitter agent |
| tert-nitrosobutane [no description available] | 3.09 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hepes [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | HEPES; organosulfonic acid | |
| iridium Iridium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Ir, atomic number 77, and atomic weight 192.22. | 8.18 | 5 | 0 | cobalt group element atom; platinum group metal atom | |
| lanthanum [no description available] | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom; scandium group element atom | |
| manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4. | 4.98 | 40 | 0 | elemental manganese; manganese group element atom | Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient |
| mercury Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero. | 10.53 | 23 | 0 | elemental mercury; zinc group element atom | neurotoxin |
| molybdenum Molybdenum: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Mo, atomic number 42, and atomic weight 95.95. It is an essential trace element, being a component of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and nitrate reductase. | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | chromium group element atom | micronutrient |
| neptunium Neptunium: A radioactive element of the actinide metals family. It has the atomic symbol Np, and atomic number 93. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | actinoid atom; f-block element atom | |
| osmium Osmium: A very hard, gray, toxic, and nearly infusible metal element, atomic number 76, atomic weight 190.2, symbol Os. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | iron group element atom; platinum group metal atom | |
| palladium Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46. | 6.46 | 53 | 0 | metal allergen; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom | |
| platinum Platinum: A heavy, soft, whitish metal, resembling tin, with atomic number 78, atomic weight 195.084, symbol Pt. It is used in manufacturing equipment for laboratory and industrial use. It occurs as a black powder (platinum black) and as a spongy substance (spongy platinum) and may have been known in Pliny's time as alutiae. | 4.32 | 6 | 0 | elemental platinum; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom | |
| rhenium Rhenium: A metal, atomic number 75, atomic weight 186.207, symbol Re. | 7.44 | 2 | 0 | manganese group element atom | |
| rhodium Rhodium: A hard and rare metal of the platinum group, atomic number 45, atomic weight 102.905, symbol Rh.. rhodium atom : A cobalt group element atom of atomic number 45. | 8.68 | 9 | 0 | cobalt group element atom | |
| ruthenium Ruthenium: A hard, brittle, grayish-white rare earth metal with an atomic symbol Ru, atomic number 44, and atomic weight 101.07. It is used as a catalyst and hardener for PLATINUM and PALLADIUM. | 5.17 | 14 | 0 | iron group element atom; platinum group metal atom | |
| samarium Samarium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sm, atomic number 62, and atomic weight 150.36. The oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors. | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| scandium Scandium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sc, atomic number 21, and atomic weight 45. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | d-block element atom; rare earth metal atom; scandium group element atom | |
| silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA. | 4.29 | 19 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental silver | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| tantalum Tantalum: A rare metallic element, atomic number 73, atomic weight 180.948, symbol Ta. It is a noncorrosive and malleable metal that has been used for plates or disks to replace cranial defects, for wire sutures, and for making prosthetic devices. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | vanadium group element atom | |
| terbium Terbium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Tb, atomic number 65, and atomic weight 158.92. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| titanium Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures. | 9.01 | 13 | 0 | titanium group element atom | |
| tungsten Tungsten: A metallic element with the atomic symbol W, atomic number 74, and atomic weight 183.85. It is used in many manufacturing applications, including increasing the hardness, toughness, and tensile strength of steel; manufacture of filaments for incandescent light bulbs; and in contact points for automotive and electrical apparatus. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | chromium group element atom | micronutrient |
| actinium Actinium: A trivalent radioactive element and the prototypical member of the actinide family. It has the atomic symbol Ac, and atomic number 89. Its principal isotope is 227 and it decays primarily by beta-emission. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | actinoid atom; f-block element atom; scandium group element atom | |
| argon Argon: A noble gas with the atomic symbol Ar, atomic number 18, and atomic weight 39.948. It is used in fluorescent tubes and wherever an inert atmosphere is desired and nitrogen cannot be used. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monoatomic argon; noble gas atom; p-block element atom | food packaging gas; neuroprotective agent |
| cadmium Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common. | 3.69 | 10 | 0 | cadmium molecular entity; zinc group element atom | |
| cerium Cerium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ce, atomic number 58, and atomic weight 140.12. Cerium is a malleable metal used in industrial applications. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24. | 3.05 | 5 | 0 | chromium group element atom; metal allergen | micronutrient |
| europium Europium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Eu, atomic number 63, and atomic weight 152. Europium is used in the form of its salts as coatings for cathode ray tubes and in the form of its organic derivatives as shift reagents in NMR spectroscopy. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 6.9 | 35 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
| helium Helium: A noble gas with the atomic symbol He, atomic number 2, and atomic weight 4.003. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is not combustible and does not support combustion. It was first detected in the sun and is now obtained from natural gas. Medically it is used as a diluent for other gases, being especially useful with oxygen in the treatment of certain cases of respiratory obstruction, and as a vehicle for general anesthetics. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | monoatomic helium; noble gas atom; s-block element atom | food packaging gas |
| uranium Uranium: A radioactive element of the actinide series of metals. It has an atomic symbol U, atomic number 92, and atomic weight 238.03. U-235 is used as the fissionable fuel in nuclear weapons and as fuel in nuclear power reactors. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | actinoid atom; f-block element atom; monoatomic uranium | |
| vanadium Vanadium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol V, atomic number 23, and atomic weight 50.94. It is used in the manufacture of vanadium steel. Prolonged exposure can lead to chronic intoxication caused by absorption usually via the lungs. | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | elemental vanadium; vanadium group element atom | micronutrient |
| ytterbium Ytterbium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Yb, atomic number 70, and atomic weight 173. Ytterbium has been used in lasers and as a portable x-ray source. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| zirconium Zirconium: A rather rare metallic element with atomic number 40, atomic weight 91.224, and symbol Zr. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | titanium group element atom | |
| aluminum chloride Aluminum Chloride: A compound with the chemical formula AlCl3; the anhydrous salt is used as a catalyst in organic chemical synthesis, and hydrated salts are used topically as antiperspirants, and for the management of HYPERHYDROSIS. | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | aluminium coordination entity | Lewis acid |
| cupric chloride cupric chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. copper(II) chloride : An inorganic chloride of copper in which the metal is in the +2 oxidation state. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | copper molecular entity; inorganic chloride | EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor |
| magnesium sulfate Magnesium Sulfate: A small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells. Excitation and contraction are uncoupled, which decreases the frequency and force of contractions. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1083). magnesium sulfate : A magnesium salt having sulfate as the counterion. | 3.74 | 3 | 0 | magnesium salt; metal sulfate; organic magnesium salt | anaesthetic; analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; fertilizer; tocolytic agent |
| mercuric chloride Mercuric Chloride: Mercury chloride (HgCl2). A highly toxic compound that volatizes slightly at ordinary temperature and appreciably at 100 degrees C. It is corrosive to mucous membranes and used as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant.. mercury dichloride : A mercury coordination entity made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a mercury atom is bonded to two chlorines. Water-soluble, it is highly toxic. Once used in a wide variety of applications, including preserving wood and anatomical specimens, embalming and disinfecting, as an intensifier in photography, as a mordant for rabbit and beaver furs, and freeing gold from lead, its use has markedly declined as less toxic alternatives have been developed. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | mercury coordination entity | sensitiser |
| acetylglucosamine Acetylglucosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine : An N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre. | 5.57 | 70 | 0 | N-acetyl-D-glucosamine | epitope |
| galactosamine 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose : The pyranose form of D-galactosamine.. D-galactosamine : The D-stereoisomer of galactosamine. | 7.08 | 64 | 0 | D-galactosamine; primary amino compound | toxin |
| titanium tetrachloride titanium tetrachloride: RN given refers to TiCl4 | 3.02 | 4 | 0 | ||
| stannic chloride [no description available] | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | ||
| palladium chloride palladium chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. palladium(II) chloride : A palladium coordination entity consisting of palladium(II) bound to two chlorine atoms. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | palladium coordination entity | catalyst |
| cesium chloride cesium chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. caesium chloride : The inorganic chloride salt of caesium; each caesium ion is coordinated by eight chlorine ions. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | inorganic caesium salt; inorganic chloride | phase-transfer catalyst; vasoconstrictor agent |
| hypochlorous acid Hypochlorous Acid: An oxyacid of chlorine (HClO) containing monovalent chlorine that acts as an oxidizing or reducing agent.. hypochlorous acid : A chlorine oxoacid with formula HOCl; a weak, unstable acid, it is the active form of chlorine in water. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | chlorine oxoacid; reactive oxygen species | EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite |
| camptothecin NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source | 5.42 | 11 | 0 | delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite |
| ferric chloride ferric chloride: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Fe-Cl3; used to induce experimental arterial thrombosis to evaluate antithrombotic agents | 7.94 | 4 | 0 | iron coordination entity | astringent; Lewis acid |
| thionyl chloride thionyl chloride: methylating agent; structure given in first source. thionyl chloride : A sulfinyl halide in which both of the halide atoms are chorines. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | chlorine molecular entity; sulfinyl halide | |
| phosphine phosphane : The simplest phosphine, consisting of a single phosphorus atom with three hydrogens attached.. phosphine : Phosphane (PH3) and compounds derived from it by substituting one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups: RPH2, R2PH, R3P (R =/= H) are called primary, secondary and tertiary phosphines, respectively. A specific phosphine is preferably named as a substituted phosphane. | 7.07 | 1 | 0 | mononuclear parent hydride; phosphanes; phosphine | carcinogenic agent; fumigant insecticide |
| isopentenyladenosine Isopentenyladenosine: N(6)-[delta(3)-isopentenyl]adenosine. Isopentenyl derivative of adenosine which is a member of the cytokinin family of plant growth regulators.. N(6)-(Delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenosine : A nucleoside analogue in which adenosine has been modified by substitution at the 6-amino nitrogen by a Delta(2)-isopentenyl group. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | N-ribosyl-N(6)-isopentenyladenine; nucleoside analogue | antineoplastic agent; plant growth regulator; plant metabolite |
| bromine Bromine: A halogen with the atomic symbol Br, atomic number 35, and atomic weight 79.904. It is a volatile reddish-brown liquid that gives off suffocating vapors, is corrosive to the skin, and may cause severe gastroenteritis if ingested. | 5.53 | 23 | 0 | diatomic bromine | |
| potassium nitrate potassium nitrate: RN given refers to cpd with MF of K-HNO3; when combined with charcoal and sulfur it can form EXPLOSIVE AGENTS. potassium nitrate : The inorganic nitrate salt of potassium. | 3.48 | 2 | 0 | inorganic nitrate salt; potassium salt | fertilizer |
| sodium sulfate [no description available] | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt | |
| magnesium phosphate (2:3) [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | inorganic magnesium salt | |
| tricalcium phosphate tricalcium phosphate: a form of tricalcium phosphate used as bioceramic bone replacement material; see also records for alpha-tricalcium phosphate, beta-tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate; apatitic tricalcium phosphate Ca9(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH) is the calcium orthophosphate leading to beta tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 (b-TCP). calcium phosphate : A calcium salt composed of calcium and phosphate/diphosphate ions; present in milk and used for the mineralisation of calcified tissues. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | calcium phosphate | |
| chromates Chromates: Salts of chromic acid containing the CrO(2-)4 radical.. chromate(2-) : A chromium oxoanion resulting from the removal of two protons from chromic acid. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | chromium oxoanion; divalent inorganic anion | oxidising agent |
| copper sulfate Copper Sulfate: A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.. copper(II) sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | metal sulfate | emetic; fertilizer; sensitiser |
| silver nitrate Silver Nitrate: A silver salt with powerful germicidal activity. It has been used topically to prevent OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM. | 3.34 | 7 | 0 | inorganic nitrate salt; silver salt | astringent |
| sodium thiosulfate sodium thiosulfate: do not confuse synonym sodium hyposulfite with sodium hyposulfite, synonym for di-Na salt of dithionous acid. sodium thiosulfate : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and thiosulfate ions in a 2:1 ratio. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt | antidote to cyanide poisoning; antifungal drug; nephroprotective agent |
| calcium sulfate Calcium Sulfate: A calcium salt that is used for a variety of purposes including: building materials, as a desiccant, in dentistry as an impression material, cast, or die, and in medicine for immobilizing casts and as a tablet excipient. It exists in various forms and states of hydration. Plaster of Paris is a mixture of powdered and heat-treated gypsum. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | calcium salt; inorganic calcium salt | |
| deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus. | 4.89 | 36 | 0 | dihydrogen | |
| fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries. | 6.7 | 24 | 0 | diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity | NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| chlorine Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family. | 5 | 13 | 0 | diatomic chlorine; gas molecular entity | bleaching agent |
| nitrous acid Nitrous Acid: Nitrous acid (HNO2). A weak acid that exists only in solution. It can form water-soluble nitrites and stable esters. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | nitrogen oxoacid | |
| silver perchlorate [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| deuterium oxide Deuterium Oxide: The isotopic compound of hydrogen of mass 2 (deuterium) with oxygen. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) It is used to study mechanisms and rates of chemical or nuclear reactions, as well as biological processes. | 8.64 | 9 | 0 | deuterated compound; water | NMR solvent |
| fluorosulfonic acid perfluorosulfonic acid: sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer–copolymer | 7.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfur oxoacid | NMR solvent |
| molybdate ion molybdate : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from molybdic acid | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; molybdenum oxoanion | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| iodine monochloride iodine monochloride: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| sulfonyl chloride [no description available] | 3.58 | 2 | 0 | sulfuryl halide | |
| galactose aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end. | 8.6 | 139 | 0 | ||
| poloxalene Poloxalene: A copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene ether glycol. It is a non-ionic polyol surface-active agent used medically as a fecal softener and in cattle for prevention of bloat.. pluronic : A triblock copolymer composed of a central hydrophobic chain of poly(propylene oxide) flanked by two hydrophilic chains of poly(ethylene oxide). | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | epoxide | |
| sizofiran Sizofiran: A beta-D-glucan obtained from the Aphyllophoral fungus Schizophyllum commune. It is used as an immunoadjuvant in the treatment of neoplasms, especially tumors found in the stomach. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | ||
| hymexazol hymexazol: a chemical used to sterilize soil; structure in first source. hymexazol : A member of the class of isoxazoles carrying hydroxy and methyl substituents at positions 3 and 5 respectively. It is used worldwide as a systemic soil and seed fungicide for the control of diseases caused by Fusarium, Aphanomyces, Pythium, and Corticium spp. in rice, sugarbeet, fodderbeet, vegetables, cucurbits, and ornamentals. | 7.41 | 1 | 0 | heteroaryl hydroxy compound; isoxazoles | antifungal agrochemical |
| ozone Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs. | 8.24 | 6 | 0 | elemental molecule; gas molecular entity; reactive oxygen species; triatomic oxygen | antiseptic drug; disinfectant; electrophilic reagent; greenhouse gas; mutagen; oxidising agent; tracer |
| lead nitrate lead nitrate: RN given refers to unspecified lead nitrate | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | inorganic nitrate salt; lead coordination entity | |
| cadmium chloride Cadmium Chloride: A cadmium halide in the form of colorless crystals, soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol. It is used in photography, in dyeing, and calico printing, and as a solution to precipitate sulfides. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). cadmium dichloride : A cadmium coordination entity in which cadmium(2+) and Cl(-) ions are present in the ratio 2:1. Although considered to be ionic, it has considerable covalent character to its bonding. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | cadmium coordination entity | |
| calcium nitrate calcium nitrate: an amylopsin activator. calcium nitrate : Inorganic nitrate salt of calcium. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | calcium salt; inorganic nitrate salt | fertilizer |
| barium chloride barium chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd. barium chloride : The inorganic dichloride salt of barium. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | barium salt; inorganic chloride | potassium channel blocker |
| trolamine salicylate Arthritis: Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS. | 4.57 | 10 | 0 | ||
| stanozolol Stanozolol: A synthetic steroid that has anabolic and androgenic properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1194). stanozolol : An organic heteropentacyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the 3-keto-aldehyde moiety of oxymetholone with hydrazine. Like oxymetholone, it is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It has both anabolic and androgenic properties, and has been used to treat hereditary angioedema and various vascular disorders. It has also been widely abused by professional athletes. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol | anabolic agent; androgen |
| rhamnose [no description available] | 6.89 | 90 | 0 | L-rhamnose | |
| ammonium chloride Ammonium Chloride: An acidifying agent that has expectorant and diuretic effects. Also used in etching and batteries and as a flux in electroplating.. ammonium chloride : An inorganic chloride having ammonium as the counterion. | 3.57 | 9 | 0 | ammonium salt; inorganic chloride | ferroptosis inhibitor |
| ethionine L-ethionine : An S-ethylhomocysteine that has S-configuration at the chiral centre. | 3.04 | 1 | 0 | S-ethylhomocysteine | antimetabolite; carcinogenic agent |
| titanium dioxide titanium dioxide: used medically as protectant against externally caused irritation & sunlight; high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to respiratory tract; RN given refers to titanium oxide (TiO2); structure. titanium dioxide : A titanium oxide with the formula TiO2. A naturally occurring oxide sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase, it has a wide range of applications. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | titanium oxides | food colouring |
| misonidazole Misonidazole: A nitroimidazole that sensitizes normally radio-resistant hypoxic cells to radiation. It may also be directly cytotoxic to hypoxic cells and has been proposed as an antineoplastic. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diacerein diacerein: chelates with bivalent metals; a quinone which possesses redox properties; metabolized to active rhein; proposed mechanisms include inhibiting IL1 and metalloproteinases; called a slow acting symptomatic drug in osteoarthritis; no effect of cyclooxygenase; | 4.64 | 3 | 2 | anthraquinone | |
| menthone menthone : The trans-stereoisomer of p-menthan-3-one.. (-)-menthone : A menthone that is cyclohexanone substituted by a methyl and an isopropyl group at positions 5 and 2 respectively (the 2S,5R-stereoisomer). | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | menthone | |
| salen disalicylaldehyde ethylenediamine: reagents for determination of iron | 7.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tiletamine hydrochloride Cyclohexanones: Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.. cyclohexanones : Any alicyclic ketone based on a cyclohexane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof. | 4.96 | 36 | 0 | ||
| cycasin [no description available] | 4.31 | 6 | 0 | ||
| 6-bromo-2-naphthol 6-bromo-2-naphthol: RN given refers to cpd with specified bromide locant. 6-bromo-2-naphthol : A member of the class of naphthols that is 2-naphthol carrying an additional bromo substituent at position 6. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | naphthols; organobromine compound | |
| cephalexin Cephalexin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.. cephalexin : A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative | antibacterial drug |
| cromolyn sodium Cromolyn Sodium: A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized MAST CELLS. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.. disodium cromoglycate : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | organic sodium salt | anti-asthmatic drug; drug allergen |
| 1,4-thioxane 1,4-thioxane: structure in first source | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | ||
| gestrinone Gestrinone: A non-estrogenic contraceptive which is a weak progestin with strong anti-progesterone properties. It is effective if used once a week orally or can also be used in intravaginal devices. | 8.51 | 1 | 1 | oxo steroid | |
| eedq EEDQ: peptide coupling reagent | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types. | 4.49 | 23 | 0 | acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator |
| ethephon (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid: structure in first source. (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid : A phosphonic acid compound having a 2-chloroethyl substituent attached to the P-atom. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | phosphonic acids | plant growth regulator |
| showdomycin Showdomycin: 3-beta-D-Ribofuranosylmaleimide. Antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces showdoensis. It is possibly active also as a sulfhydryl reagent. | 3.52 | 2 | 0 | ||
| fluoroboric acid [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | boron fluoride | |
| fluorides [no description available] | 7.43 | 42 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic fluorine | |
| 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one: structure in first source. DIBOA : A lactol that consists of 1,4-benzoxazine bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 2 and 4 as well as a keto group at position 3. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | benzoxazine; cyclic hydroxamic acid; lactol | allelochemical; herbicide; phytotoxin; plant metabolite |
| ochracin ochracin: produced by Aspergillus alutaceus; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | isochromanes | |
| tomatine alpha-tomatine: in tomato fruits and vegetative plant tissues; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid antibiotic; glycoalkaloid; glycoside; steroid alkaloid; tetrasaccharide derivative | antifungal agent; immunological adjuvant; phytotoxin |
| deslanoside Deslanoside: Deacetyllanatoside C. A cardiotonic glycoside from the leaves of Digitalis lanata.. deslanoside : A cardenolide glycoside that is lanatoside C with the acetoxy group replaced by a hydroxy group. | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; cardenolide glycoside; tetrasaccharide derivative | anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| mecysteine mecysteine: RN given refers to parent cpd(L)-isomer. methyl L-cysteinate : An L-cysteinyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxylic acid group of L-cysteine with methanol. It is used (as the hydrochloride salt) as a mucolytic for the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with productive cough. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | L-cysteinyl ester; primary amino compound; thiol | mucolytic |
| oryzalin oryzalin: a dinitroaniline; preemergence herbicide; structure. oryzalin : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide substituted at positions 3 and 5 by nitro groups and at position 4 by a dipropylamino group. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | aromatic amine; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound | agrochemical; antimitotic; herbicide |
| 1-deoxynojirimycin 1-deoxy-nojirimycin: structure in first source. duvoglustat : An optically active form of 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol having 2R,3R,4R,5S-configuration. | 4.03 | 14 | 0 | 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol; piperidine alkaloid | anti-HIV agent; anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite |
| calcium dobesilate Calcium Dobesilate: A drug used to reduce hemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy. | 3.74 | 2 | 1 | ||
| iodine [no description available] | 10.36 | 18 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic iodine | human metabolite |
| neohesperidin dihydrochalcone neohesperidin dihydrochalcone : A member of the dihydrochalcones that is 3,2',4',6'-tetrahydroxy-4-methoxydihydrochalcone attached to a neohesperidosyl residue at position 4' via glycosidic linkage. It is found in sweet orange. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | dihydrochalcones; disaccharide derivative; neohesperidoside | environmental contaminant; plant metabolite; sweetening agent; xenobiotic |
| osmium tetroxide Osmium Tetroxide: (T-4)-Osmium oxide (OsO4). A highly toxic and volatile oxide of osmium used in industry as an oxidizing agent. It is also used as a histological fixative and stain and as a synovectomy agent in arthritic joints. Its vapor can cause eye, skin, and lung damage.. osmium tetroxide : An osmium coordination entity consisting of four oxygen atoms bound to a central osmium atom via covalent double bonds. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | osmium coordination entity | fixative; histological dye; oxidising agent; poison |
| daunorubicin Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola. | 8.85 | 54 | 1 | aminoglycoside antibiotic; anthracycline; p-quinones; tetracenequinones | antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite |
| razoxane Razoxane: An antimitotic agent with immunosuppressive properties. | 3.08 | 1 | 0 | N-alkylpiperazine | |
| phosphotyrosine Phosphotyrosine: An amino acid that occurs in endogenous proteins. Tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation plays a role in cellular signal transduction and possibly in cell growth control and carcinogenesis.. O(4)-phospho-L-tyrosine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-tyrosine phosphorylated at the phenolic hydroxy group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; O(4)-phosphotyrosine | Escherichia coli metabolite; immunogen |
| phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid. | 9.22 | 166 | 0 | benzenes; phenyl acetates | |
| cetylpyridinium chloride anhydrous tserigel: according to first source contains polyvinylbutyral & cetylpyridinium chloride; UD only lists cetylpyridinium chloride as constituent. cetylpyridinium chloride : A pyridinium salt that has N-hexadecylpyridinium as the cation and chloride as the anion. It has antiseptic properties and is used in solutions or lozenges for the treatment of minor infections of the mouth and throat. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | chloride salt; organic chloride salt | antiseptic drug; surfactant |
| 4-ethylphenol 4-ethylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-ethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols carrying an ethyl substituent at position 4. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | phenols | fungal xenobiotic metabolite |
| isopentyl alcohol isopentyl alcohol: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. isoamylol : An primary alcohol that is butan-1-ol in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a methyl group. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound | antifungal agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; xenobiotic metabolite |
| propionic anhydride [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pyrrolidine [no description available] | 7.05 | 1 | 0 | azacycloalkane; pyrrolidines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent | |
| 1,4-dioxane 1,4-dioxane: dehydrating agent; polar solvent miscible both with water & most organic solvents. dioxane : Any member of the class of dioxanes that is a cyclohexane in which two carbon atoms are replaced by oxygen atoms.. 1,4-dioxane : A dioxane with oxygen atoms at positions 1 and 4. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | dioxane; volatile organic compound | carcinogenic agent; metabolite; NMR chemical shift reference compound; non-polar solvent |
| triamcinolone Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug |
| fludrocortisone Fludrocortisone: A synthetic mineralocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; fluorinated steroid; mineralocorticoid | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug |
| ursodeoxycholic acid Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| pregnanolone Pregnanolone: A pregnane found in the urine of pregnant women and sows. It has anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative properties.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : The 3alpha-stereoisomer of 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid | human metabolite; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative |
| pyrene pyrene: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7746. pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene | fluorescent probe; persistent organic pollutant |
| 4-methoxyamphetamine 4-methoxyamphetamine: para-methoxy derivative to amphetamine with hallucinogenic properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search AMPHETAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent compound without isomeric designation | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| megalomicin a megalomicin A: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | amino oligosaccharide | |
| 8-bromo cyclic adenosine monophosphate 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate: A long-acting derivative of cyclic AMP. It is an activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.. 8-Br-cAMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic AMP bearing an additional bromo substituent at position 8 on the adenine ring. An activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; adenyl ribonucleotide; organobromine compound | antidepressant; protein kinase agonist |
| transferrin Transferrin: An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 3-nitro-1-propanol 3-nitro-1-propanol: RN given refers to parent cpd; N1 same as NM. 3-nitropropan-1-ol : The nitro compound formed from propan-1-ol by nitration at C-3. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| alkenes [no description available] | 7.34 | 58 | 0 | ||
| calcium oxalate Calcium Oxalate: The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.. calcium oxalate : The calcium salt of oxalic acid, which in excess in the urine may lead to formation of oxalate calculi (kidney stones). | 2.78 | 3 | 0 | organic calcium salt | |
| glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. | 4.23 | 17 | 0 | glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical |
| glucaric acid Glucaric Acid: A sugar acid derived from D-glucose in which both the aldehydic carbon atom and the carbon atom bearing the primary hydroxyl group are oxidized to carboxylic acid groups.. D-glucaric acid : The D-enantiomer of glucaric acid.. glucaric acid : A hexaric acid derived by oxidation of sugar such as glucose with nitric acid. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | glucaric acid | antineoplastic agent |
| azoxymethane Azoxymethane: A potent carcinogen and neurotoxic compound. It is particularly effective in inducing colon carcinomas. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| torpedo Torpedo: A genus of the Torpedinidae family consisting of several species. Members of this family have powerful electric organs and are commonly called electric rays. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | ||
| sodium azide Sodium Azide: A cytochrome oxidase inhibitor which is a nitridizing agent and an inhibitor of terminal oxidation. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). sodium azide : The sodium salt of hydrogen azide (hydrazoic acid). | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt | antibacterial agent; explosive; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mutagen |
| azides Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3. | 13.3 | 147 | 0 | pseudohalide anion | mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor |
| adenosine diphosphate ribose Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose: An ester formed between the aldehydic carbon of RIBOSE and the terminal phosphate of ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE. It is produced by the hydrolysis of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) by a variety of enzymes, some of which transfer an ADP-ribosyl group to target proteins. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ADP-sugar | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| tramadol Tramadol: A narcotic analgesic proposed for severe pain. It may be habituating.. tramadol : A racemate consisting of equal amounts of (R,R)- and (S,S)-tramadol. A centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic, used (as the hydrochloride salt) to treat moderately severe pain. The (R,R)-enantiomer exhibits ten-fold higher analgesic potency than the (S,S)-enantiomer. Originally developed by Gruenenthal GmbH and launched in 1977, it was subsequently isolated from the root bark of the South African tree Nauclea latifolia.. (R,R)-tramadol : A 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol in which both stereocentres have R-configuration; the (R,R)-enantiomer of the racemic opioid analgesic tramadol, it exhibits ten-fold higher analgesic potency than the (S,S)-enantiomer. | 3.38 | 1 | 1 | 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antitussive; capsaicin receptor antagonist; delta-opioid receptor agonist; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; muscarinic antagonist; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; opioid analgesic; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor |
| nicergoline Nicergoline: An ergot derivative that has been used as a cerebral vasodilator and in peripheral vascular disease. It may ameliorate cognitive deficits in CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | |
| nigericin Nigericin: A polyether antibiotic which affects ion transport and ATPase activity in mitochondria. It is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). nigericin : A polyether antibiotic which affects ion transport and ATPase activity in mitochondria. It is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. | 2 | 1 | 0 | polycyclic ether | antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; potassium ionophore |
| enterobactin [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | catechols; crown compound; macrotriolide; polyphenol | bacterial metabolite; siderophore |
| oxcarbazepine Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy. | 3.27 | 1 | 0 | cyclic ketone; dibenzoazepine | anticonvulsant; drug allergen |
| 1-(9-fluorenyl)methyl chloroformate 1-(9-fluorenyl)methyl chloroformate: used for tagging silica-based derivatization reagents in HPLC | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| zidovudine Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase. | 2.59 | 2 | 0 | azide; pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
| acetylgalactosamine Acetylgalactosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of galactosamine. | 9.38 | 21 | 0 | N-acetyl-D-hexosamine; N-acetylgalactosamine | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| sisomicin Sisomicin: Antibiotic produced by Micromonospora inyoensis. It is closely related to gentamicin C1A, one of the components of the gentamicin complex (GENTAMICINS). | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic; beta-L-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative | |
| tobramycin Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring. | 3.17 | 5 | 0 | amino cyclitol glycoside | antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; toxin |
| paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL). | 5.15 | 10 | 1 | taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid | antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent |
| etoposide [no description available] | 8.47 | 7 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound | antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor |
| dobutamine Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | catecholamine; secondary amine | beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent |
| cartazolate cartazolate: structure | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ribavirin Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | 1-ribosyltriazole; aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary carboxamide | anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor |
| lentinan [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | butyrate ester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | |
| fluorescamine Fluorescamine: A nonfluorescent reagent for the detection of primary amines, peptides and proteins. The reaction products are highly fluorescent. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methyldopa Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; hapten; peripheral nervous system drug; sympatholytic agent |
| 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position. | 7.76 | 3 | 0 | pyridinium ion | apoptosis inducer; herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; neurotoxin |
| lonidamine lonidamine: structure. lonidamine : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole that is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by 2,4-dichlorobenzyl and carboxy groups, respectively. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; indazoles; monocarboxylic acid | antineoplastic agent; antispermatogenic agent; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| ng-nitroarginine methyl ester NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid ester; L-arginine derivative; methyl ester; N-nitro compound | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor |
| deoxynivalenol deoxynivalenol : A trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium to which wheat, barley, maize (corn) and their products are susceptible to contamination. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | cyclic ketone; enone; primary alcohol; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; trichothecene; triol | mycotoxin |
| quisqualic acid Quisqualic Acid: An agonist at two subsets of excitatory amino acid receptors, ionotropic receptors that directly control membrane channels and metabotropic receptors that indirectly mediate calcium mobilization from intracellular stores. The compound is obtained from the seeds and fruit of Quisqualis chinensis. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | |
| 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid [no description available] | 3.81 | 11 | 0 | chromanol; monocarboxylic acid; phenols | antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger; Wnt signalling inhibitor |
| 7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide: 7,8,8a,9a-Tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. A benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | epoxide | intercalator |
| epirubicin Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA. | 2.66 | 2 | 0 | aminoglycoside; anthracycline antibiotic; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative; p-quinones; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor |
| idarubicin Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | anthracycline antibiotic; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative | |
| fluridone [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | phenylpyridine | carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor |
| propiconazole Orbit: Bony cavity that holds the eyeball and its associated tissues and appendages. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | conazole fungicide; cyclic ketal; dichlorobenzene; triazole fungicide; triazoles | antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
| colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol | adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist |
| indoxyl 3-hydroxyindole: inhibits amyloid fibril formation; structure in first source | 3.82 | 3 | 0 | heteroaryl hydroxy compound; hydroxyindoles | |
| swainsonine Swainsonine: An indolizidine alkaloid from the plant Swainsona canescens that is a potent alpha-mannosidase inhibitor. Swainsonine also exhibits antimetastatic, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activity.. swainsonine : An indolizidine alkaloid isolated from the plant Swainsona canescens with three hydroxy substituents at positions 1, 2 and 8. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | indolizidine alkaloid | antineoplastic agent; EC 3.2.1.114 (mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,3-1,6-alpha-mannosidase) inhibitor; immunological adjuvant; plant metabolite |
| lovastatin Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom). | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring) | anticholesteremic drug; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; prodrug |
| magnocurarine magnocurarine: RN given refers to (R)-isomer | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | isoquinolines | |
| castanospermine castanospermine: indolizidine alkaloid from seeds of Australian legume, Castanospermum australe. castanospermine : A tetrahydroxyindolizidine alkaloid that consists of octahydroindolizine having four hydroxy substituents located at positions 1, 6, 7 and 8 (the 1S,6S,7R,8R,8aR-diastereomer). | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | indolizidine alkaloid | anti-HIV-1 agent; anti-inflammatory agent; EC 3.2.1.* (glycosidase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| mifepristone Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound | abortifacient; contraceptive drug; hormone antagonist; synthetic oral contraceptive |
| fura-2 Fura-2: A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in tissues. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| imiquimod Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis. | 2.54 | 2 | 0 | imidazoquinoline | antineoplastic agent; interferon inducer |
| topotecan Topotecan: An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.. topotecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks. | 3.51 | 2 | 0 | pyranoindolizinoquinoline | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor |
| gemcitabine gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer. | 3.23 | 5 | 0 | organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; photosensitizing agent; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic |
| atorvastatin [no description available] | 2.55 | 2 | 0 | aromatic amide; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrroles; statin (synthetic) | environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| lamivudine [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | monothioacetal; nucleoside analogue; oxacycle; primary alcohol | allergen; anti-HBV agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; prodrug |
| irinotecan [no description available] | 4.72 | 5 | 0 | carbamate ester; delta-lactone; N-acylpiperidine; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; ring assembly; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug |
| valsartan Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity. | 7.9 | 2 | 0 | biphenylyltetrazole; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid | angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| tirofiban Tirofiban: Tyrosine analog and PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX antagonist that inhibits PLATELET AGGREGATION and is used in the treatment of ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. tirofiban : A member of the class of piperidines that is L-tyrosine in which a hydrogen attached to the amino group is replaced by a butylsulfonyl group and in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 4-(piperidin-4-yl)butyl group. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | L-tyrosine derivative; piperidines; sulfonamide | anticoagulant; fibrin modulating drug; platelet glycoprotein-IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist |
| capecitabine Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester; cytidines; organofluorine compound | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug |
| adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit | 6.53 | 37 | 0 | adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| safranal safranal: a monoterpene aldehyde; one of the main components responsible for the aroma of saffron; structure given in first source. safranal : A monoterpenoid formally derived from beta-cyclocitral by dehydrogenation. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
| trichloroacetamide [no description available] | 10.45 | 19 | 0 | ||
| nitroaniline nitroaniline: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified locant for nitro moiety. nitroaniline : A substituted aniline that carries one or more nitro groups. | 6.92 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dibutyltin oxide [no description available] | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 1-octen-3-one 1-octen-3-one: structure in first source | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | olefinic compound | |
| vanadates Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms. | 3.79 | 11 | 0 | trivalent inorganic anion; vanadium oxoanion | EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor |
| ruthenium chloride (rucl3) ruthenium chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | ||
| dimethylhydrazines Dimethylhydrazines: Hydrazines substituted with two methyl groups in any position. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| vanillyl alcohol vanillyl alcohol: structure. vanillyl alcohol : A monomethoxybenzene that is 2-methoxyphenol substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at position 4. | 2.79 | 3 | 0 | benzyl alcohols; guaiacols | plant metabolite |
| benzylaminopurine benzylaminopurine: a plant growth regulator. N-benzyladenine : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group is replaced by a benzyl group. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | 6-aminopurines | cytokinin; plant metabolite |
| trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoromethanesulfonic acid: deblocking reagent for peptide synthesis; RN given refers to parent cpd. triflic acid : A one-carbon compound that is methanesulfonic acid in which the hydrogens attached to the methyl carbon have been replaced by fluorines. | 4.3 | 18 | 0 | one-carbon compound; perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid | |
| isothiocyanic acid [no description available] | 3.51 | 1 | 0 | hydracid; one-carbon compound | |
| ammonium peroxydisulfate ammonium persulfate : An inorganic ammonium salt in which two of the terminal hydroxy groups of peroxydisulfuric acid are deprotonated and associated with ammonium ions as counter-cations. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| caloreen caloreen: glucose polymer with average length of five glucose units for dietary energy supplement. dextrin : Glucans produced by the hydrolysis of starch or glycogen. They are mixtures of polymers of D-glucose units linked by alpha(1->4) or alpha(1->6) glycosidic bonds. | 4.7 | 9 | 0 | ||
| octyl glucoside octyl-beta-D-glucoside: RN given refers to (beta)-isomer. octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside : An beta-D-glucoside in which the anomeric hydrogen of beta-D-glucopyranose is substituted by an octyl group. | 5.35 | 58 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside | plant metabolite |
| trazodone hydrochloride Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride. | 6 | 36 | 0 | hydrochloride | adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor |
| glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages. | 18.06 | 1,335 | 9 | D-glucopyranose | epitope; mouse metabolite |
| lanthanum chloride lanthanum chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | ||
| dihydrochalcone dihydrochalcone : A member of the class of dihydrochalcones that is acetophenone in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a benzyl group. | 3.68 | 9 | 0 | dihydrochalcones | plant metabolite |
| 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | 2-benzofurans | fluorochrome |
| ursolic acid [no description available] | 10.15 | 14 | 0 | hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | geroprotector; plant metabolite |
| meglumine antimoniate Meglumine Antimoniate: ANTIMONY salt of meglumine that is used in the treatment of LEISHMANIASIS. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| xanthosine [no description available] | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | purines D-ribonucleoside; xanthosines | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 1,5-anhydroglucitol 1,5-anhydroglucitol: structure. 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol : An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | anhydro sugar | human metabolite |
| norharman norharman: RN given refers to parent cpd. beta-carboline : The parent compound of the beta-carbolines, a tricyclic structure comprising an indole ring system ortho- fused to C-3 and C-4 of a pyridine ring. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | beta-carbolines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent | fungal metabolite; marine metabolite |
| thiazolyl blue thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium. | 4.07 | 14 | 0 | organic bromide salt | colorimetric reagent; dye |
| betulinic acid [no description available] | 3.85 | 11 | 0 | hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | anti-HIV agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| baicalin [no description available] | 5.07 | 12 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; glucosiduronic acid; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative | antiatherosclerotic agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite; prodrug |
| oseltamivir Oseltamivir: An acetamido cyclohexene that is a structural homolog of SIALIC ACID and inhibits NEURAMINIDASE.. oseltamivir : A cyclohexenecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of oseltamivir acid. An antiviral prodrug (it is hydrolysed to the active free carboxylic acid in the liver), it is used to slow the spread of influenza. | 2.61 | 2 | 0 | acetamides; amino acid ester; cyclohexenecarboxylate ester; primary amino compound | antiviral drug; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; prodrug; xenobiotic |
| allicin [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | botanical anti-fungal agent; sulfoxide | antibacterial agent |
| 5-methylcytosine 5-Methylcytosine: A methylated nucleotide base found in eukaryotic DNA. In ANIMALS, the DNA METHYLATION of CYTOSINE to form 5-methylcytosine is found primarily in the palindromic sequence CpG. In PLANTS, the methylated sequence is CpNpGp, where N can be any base.. 5-methylcytosine : A pyrimidine that is a derivative of cytosine, having a methyl group at the 5-position. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | methylcytosine; pyrimidines | human metabolite |
| medicagenic acid medicagenic acid: aglycone constituent of lucerne saponins, upon which their fungastatic & hemolytic activity depends | 4.19 | 5 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| diphenylcyclopropenone diphenylcyclopropenone: strong contact sensitizer; a photosensitizing agent; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source. diphenylcyclopropenone : A cyclopropenone compound having phenyl substituents at the 2- and 3-positions. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | cyclopropenone | drug allergen; hapten; photosensitizing agent |
| 2'-deoxyuridylic acid 2'-deoxyuridylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | deoxyuridine phosphate; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| epigallocatechin gallate epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin. | 8.63 | 8 | 0 | flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| fluorexon fluorexon: structure | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | xanthene dye | fluorochrome |
| phenyl beta-d-glucopyranoside phenylglucoside: RN given refers to (beta-(D))-isomer | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | glycoside | |
| gallocatechol gallocatechol: structure give in first source; RN given for (trans-(+-))-omer; inhibits DNA-dependent DNA & RNA polymerases. (+)-gallocatechin : A gallocatechin that has (2R,3S)-configuration. It is found in green tea and bananas.. gallocatechin : A catechin that is a flavan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 3', 4', 5, 5' and 7 (the trans isomer). It is isolated from Acacia mearnsii. | 2.81 | 3 | 0 | gallocatechin | antioxidant; metabolite; radical scavenger |
| 3-hydroxynorvaline 3-hydroxynorvaline: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 3-hydroxynorvaline : A non-proteinogenic amino-acid derivative that is norvaline (2-aminopentanoic acid) in which a hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative | |
| 10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium 10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium: chemoluminescent probe; RN given refers to dinitrate; Lucigenin refers to dinitrate | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chlorin chlorin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. chlorin : A tetrapyrrole fundamental parent that is obtained by formal hydrogenation across the 2,3-double bond of porphyrin. | 7.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| aica ribonucleotide AICA ribonucleotide: purine precursor that has antineoplastic activity. AICA ribonucleotide : A 1-(phosphoribosyl)imidazolecarboxamide that is acadesine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position has been converted to its monophosphate derivative. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | 1-(phosphoribosyl)imidazolecarboxamide; aminoimidazole | cardiovascular drug; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 4-nitrophenylgalactoside 4-nitrophenylgalactoside: RN refers to (beta-D)-isomer. 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactoside : A beta-D-galactopyranoside having a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 3.27 | 6 | 0 | beta-D-galactoside; monosaccharide derivative | affinity label |
| salvin salvin: a biocyclic diterpenoid; from sage and rosemary (Lamiaceae) | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound; catechols; monocarboxylic acid | angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; food preservative; HIV protease inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| 1,2-distearoyllecithin [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-galactoside 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-galactoside: enzyme substrate for beta-galactosidase. 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-D-galactoside : An indolyl carbohydrate that is the beta-D-galactoside of 3-hydroxy-1H-indole in which the indole moiety is substituted at positions 4 and 5 by chlorine and bromine, respectively. It is used to test for the presence of an enzyme, beta-galactosidase, which cleaved the glycosidic bond to give 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxy-1H-indole, which immediately dimerises to give an intensely blue product. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | beta-D-galactoside; D-aldohexose derivative; indolyl carbohydrate; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound | chromogenic compound |
| metaperiodate Periodic Acid: A strong oxidizing agent. | 6.34 | 53 | 0 | iodine oxoacid | |
| lissamine rhodamine b lissamine rhodamine B: RN given refers to parent cpd; Lissamine Rhodamine B refers to Na salt | 3.18 | 5 | 0 | ||
| neocuproine neocuproine: Spectrophotometric determination of copper and ultramicro blood sugar determinations; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd. neocuproine : A member of the class of phenanthrolines that is 1,10-phenanthroline bearing two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 9. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | phenanthrolines | chelator; copper chelator |
| 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose pentagalloylglucose: pentahydroxy gallic acid ester of glucose; a phytogenic antineoplastic agent and antibacterial agent. 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose : A galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | gallate ester; galloyl beta-D-glucose | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite; radiation protective agent; radical scavenger |
| tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II): a fluorescent dye; structure in first source | 3.18 | 1 | 0 | ruthenium coordination entity | fluorochrome |
| nojirimycin nojirimycin: from Streptomyces ficellus; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 3.28 | 6 | 0 | amino monosaccharide; hydroxypiperidine | |
| 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-n-acetylneuraminic acid 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid: also known as NeuAc2en, but this is also synonym for another compound. 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid : N-Acetylneuraminic acid reduced across the 2,3-bond with loss of the hydroxy group at C-2; it is a minor component of body fluids although abundant in sialuria. | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | N-acetylneuraminic acids | |
| glutathione disulfide Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | glutathione derivative; organic disulfide | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate: deprotecting cpd for peptides | 3.3 | 6 | 0 | ||
| secoisolariciresinol secoisolariciresinol: RN given refers to ((R-(R*,R*))-isomer); RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 8/89; precursor of lignans found in human urine; structure given in first source. secoisolariciresinol : A lignan that is butane-1,4-diol in which the 2 and 3 positions are substituted by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl groups. (-)-secoisolariciresinol : An enantiomer of secoisolariciresinol having (-)-(2R,3R)-configuration. | 5.04 | 9 | 1 | secoisolariciresinol | antidepressant; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite |
| 4-nitrobenzylthioinosine 4-nitrobenzylthioinosine: inhibitor of nucleoside transport; acts on ENT1 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | purine nucleoside | |
| triptonide triptonide: extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii; structure given in first source. triptonide : A diterpene triepoxide that is triptobenzene K in which the acylhydroquinone moiety has undergone oxidation to the corresponding triepoxyketone derivative. It has been isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | butenolide; cyclic ketone; diterpene triepoxide; organic heteroheptacyclic compound | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent |
| glucose-1-phosphate glucose-1-phosphate: RN given refers to (alpha-D-Glc)-isomer. alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate : A D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate in which the anomeric centre has alpha-configuration. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate | |
| cephalosporin c cephalosporin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #1937. cephalosporin C : A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7. | 3.33 | 7 | 0 | cephalosporin | fungal metabolite |
| tomatidine tomatidine: RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha,22beta,25S)-isomer; structure. tomatidine : A 3beta-hydroxy steroid resulting from the substitution of the 3beta-hydrogen of tomatidane by a hydroxy group. | 3.07 | 1 | 0 | 3beta-hydroxy steroid; azaspiro compound; oxaspiro compound | |
| solanidine solanidine: derivative of DIOSGENIN that can rearrange to SOLANINE | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; solanid-5-en-3-ol; steroid alkaloid fundamental parent | plant metabolite; toxin |
| bergenin bergenin: RN refers to (2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,4aalpha,10bbeta))-isomer; structure | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | trihydroxybenzoic acid | metabolite |
| steffimycin steffimycin: see also record for steffimycin B; structure | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 2-methoxyestradiol 2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid | angiogenesis modulating agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| toxoflavin toxoflavin: azapteridine antibiotic; structure. toxoflavin : A pyrimidotriazine that is 1,6-dimethyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine with oxo groups at positions 5 and 7. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; pyrimidotriazine | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; toxin; virulence factor; Wnt signalling inhibitor |
| salicylhydroxamic acid [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | hydroxamic acid; phenols | antibacterial drug; EC 1.11.2.2 (myeloperoxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor; trypanocidal drug |
| fast blue b Fast Blue B: reagent for marijuana detection; RN given refers to parent cpd. fast blue salt B : An organic chloride salt composed of 3,3'-dimethoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-bis(diazonium), zinc and chloride ions in a ratio of 1:1:4. Used for detection of marijuana metabolites in urine.. fast blue B : The aromatic diazonium ion formed from diazotisation of 3,3'-dimethoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aromatic diazonium ion | histological dye |
| benzeneboronic acid [no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | boronic acids | |
| thiamorpholine thiamorpholine: RN given refers to parent cpd. thiomorpholine : A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is an analogue of morpholine where the oxygen atom is replaced by sulfur. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent; thiomorpholines | |
| bromosuccinimide Bromosuccinimide: A brominating agent that replaces hydrogen atoms in benzylic or allylic positions. It is used in the oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones and in controlled low-energy brominations. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed; Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed,). | 7.39 | 2 | 0 | dicarboximide; organobromine compound; pyrrolidinone | reagent |
| 1,7-phenanthroline [no description available] | 3.13 | 5 | 0 | phenanthroline | |
| 1h-imidazo(4,5-b)pyridine 1H-imidazo(4,5-b)pyridine: structure given in first source. 4-azabenzimidazole : The [4,5-b]-fused isomer of imidazopyridine. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | imidazopyridine | |
| triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms. | 9.76 | 65 | 1 | 1,2,3-triazole | |
| 1h-tetrazole tetrazole : An azaarene that is a five-membered ring composed of 4 nitrogen and 1 carbon atom.. 2H-tetrazole : A tetrazole tautomer where the proton is located on the 2 position. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | one-carbon compound; tetrazole | |
| triflic anhydride triflic anhydride: structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | organosulfonic anhydride | |
| azauracil azauracil: minor descriptor (64-72); major descriptor (73-86); on line search URACIL (66-74); URACIL/AA (75-86); INDEX MEDICUS search URACIL (64-72); AZAURACIL (73-86). 6-azauracil : A 1,2,4-triazine compound having oxo-substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | 1,2,4-triazines; nucleobase analogue | antimetabolite |
| 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone monoacetylphloroglucinol: structure in first source. 2',4',6'-trihydroxyacetophenone : A benzenetriol that is acetophenone in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 6 on the phenyl group are replaced by hydroxy groups. It is used as a matrix in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of acidic glycans and glycopeptides. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; benzenetriol; methyl ketone | MALDI matrix material; plant metabolite |
| tangeretin tangeretin: structure given in first source; from citrus plants; inhibits invasion of MO4 mouse cells into embryonic chick heart in vitro. tangeretin : A pentamethoxyflavone flavone with methoxy groups at positions 4', 5, 6 , 7 and 8.. pentamethoxyflavone : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by a five methoxy groups. | 3.35 | 1 | 0 | pentamethoxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| isocoumarins Isocoumarins: Compounds that differ from COUMARINS in having the positions of the ring and ketone oxygens reversed so the keto oxygen is at the 1-position of the molecule.. isocoumarin : The simplest member of the class of isocoumarins that is 1H-isochromene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 1. | 9.26 | 17 | 0 | isocoumarins | |
| chavicol 4-allylphenol: an inhibitor of aryl-alcohol oxidase; has free radical scavenging activity. chavicol : A phenylpropanoid that is phenol substituted by a prop-2-enyl group at position 4. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | phenols; phenylpropanoid | |
| diethylmalonic acid diethylmalonic acid: isomer of diethyl malonate which is a di-ester | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| maclurin maclurin: from Maclura pomifera; composed of two isoforms (isolectins); some sequence similarity to jacalin; potent non-specific blood-group hemagglutinin; do not confuse with dye of the same name | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzophenones | |
| flindersiamine flindersiamine: from Helietta parvifolia; structure | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| maculine maculine: isolated from Esenbeckia grandiflora; structure in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| duroquinone tetramethyl-1,4-benzoquinone: structure in first source. duroquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which all four hydrogens are substituted by methyl groups. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-benzoquinones | |
| delphinidin Paraffin: A mixture of solid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It has a wide range of uses including as a stiffening agent in ointments, as a lubricant, and as a topical anti-inflammatory. It is also commonly used as an embedding material in histology.. delphinidin chloride : An anthocyanidin chloride that has delphinidin as the cationic counterpart. | 3.98 | 4 | 0 | anthocyanidin chloride | |
| alpha-methylene gamma-butyrolactone alpha-methylene gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide having a methylene group at the 3-position. | 3.51 | 8 | 0 | butan-4-olide | anti-ulcer drug; gastrointestinal drug |
| nebularine nebularine: structure. nebularine : A purine ribonucleoside that is 9H-purine attached to a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue at position 9 via a glycosidic (N-glycosyl) linkage. | 1.92 | 1 | 0 | purine ribonucleoside; purines D-ribonucleoside | fungal metabolite |
| 1-octacosanol 1-octacosanol: RN given refers to parent cpd. octacosan-1-ol : An ultra-long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is octacosane in which a hydrogen attached to one of the terminal carbons is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | fatty alcohol 28:0; ultra-long-chain primary fatty alcohol | plant metabolite |
| schizandrol b schizandrol B: from Schizandra chinensis, plant used as tonic in traditional Chinese medicine | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | tannin | |
| artemisinin (+)-artemisinin : A sesquiterpene lactone obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua, which is used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | organic peroxide; sesquiterpene lactone | antimalarial; plant metabolite |
| 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene : A methoxybenzene carrying methoxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 5. It has been found to be a biomarker of flavonoid consumption in humans. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | biomarker; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| resorufin [no description available] | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | phenoxazine | |
| phenylpropiolic acid phenylpropiolic acid: structure. phenylpropiolic acid : An acetylenic compound that is propynoic acid in which the acetylenic hydrogen is replaced by a phenyl group. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | acetylenic compound; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; benzenes | |
| 5-fluoropyrimidine [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| allyltrimethylsilane allyltrimethylsilane: used to make allyl C-glycosylic compounds | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| indole-3-carboxylic acid indole-3-carboxylic acid : An indole-3-carboxylic acid carrying a carboxy group at position 3. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | indol-3-yl carboxylic acid | bacterial metabolite; human metabolite |
| methyl syringate methyl syringate : A benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of carboxy group of syringic acid with methanol. | 2.83 | 3 | 0 | benzoate ester; dimethoxybenzene; phenols | plant metabolite |
| 3-chloroperbenzoic acid 3-chloroperbenzoic acid: oxidizing agent | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | monochlorobenzenes; peroxy acid | |
| tyrosyltyrosine tyrosyltyrosine: RN given refers to all-(L)-isomer. tyrosyltyrosine : A dipeptide comprising tyrosine with a tyrosyl residue attached to the alpha-nitrogen.. Tyr-Tyr : Tyrosyltyrosine in which each tyrosine residue has L-configuration. | 4.39 | 1 | 1 | tyrosyltyrosine | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| tyloxapol tyloxapol: non-ionic detergent with surface-active properties; incompatible with metals; surfactant also used in inhalation therapy; N1 is from CA Vol 90 Form Index; N1 in Chemline is same as synonym 8. tyloxapol : A polymeric compound resulting from the reaction of 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol with formaldehyde to give a chain in which 6-8 molecules are linked together by CH2 groups ortho to the phenolic hydroxy groups, which have then undergone reaction with oxirane to give polyoxyethyleneoxy moieties, Ar(OCH2CH2)xOH, where x = 8-10. A nonionic liquic polymer, it inhibits lipoprotein lipase and hence clearance of triglyceride from the plasma, so is used to induce hyperlipidaemia in test animals. Also used as a surfactant to aid liquefaction and removal of mucus- and pus-containing bronchopulmonary secretions. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | ||
| masoprocol Masoprocol: A potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. The compound also inhibits formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase to a lesser extent. It also serves as an antioxidant in fats and oils.. masoprocol : The meso-form of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. An antioxidant found in the creosote bush, Larrea divaricata, it is a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. It also inhibits (though to a lesser extent) formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | nordihydroguaiaretic acid | antineoplastic agent; hypoglycemic agent; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite |
| voriconazole Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; pyrimidines; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug | P450 inhibitor |
| fagomine fagomine: structure in first source | 7.44 | 2 | 0 | piperidines | |
| hesperetin [no description available] | 5.6 | 8 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-methoxyflavanones; monomethoxyflavanone; trihydroxyflavanone | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| magnolol [no description available] | 3.06 | 4 | 0 | biphenyls | |
| honokiol [no description available] | 2.89 | 3 | 0 | biphenyls | |
| sesamin (+)-sesamin : A lignan that consists of tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by 1,3-benzodioxole groups at positions 1 and 4 (the 1S,3aR,4S,6aR stereoisomer). Isolated from Cinnamomum camphora, it exhibits cytotoxic activity. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxoles; furofuran; lignan | antineoplastic agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| betulin betulin: isolated from various white birch bark (BETULA). betulin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | diol; pentacyclic triterpenoid | analgesic; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; metabolite |
| nobiletin nobiletin : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 8, 3' and 4' respectively. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | methoxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| narciclasine narciclasine: antitumor alkaloid from bulbs of Narcissus species | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | phenanthridines | metabolite |
| lycorine lycorine: from bulbs of LYCORIS & other plants; RN given refers to (1 alpha,2 beta)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5444. lycorine : An indolizidine alkaloid that is 3,12-didehydrogalanthan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions and 2 and a methylenedioxy group across positions 9 and 10. Isolated from Crinum asiaticum, it has been shown to exhibit antimalarial activity. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | indolizidine alkaloid | anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| nagilactone c nagilactone C: norditerpene lactone isolated from leaves of Podocarpus; structure | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| rubrofusarin rubrofusarin: naphthopyrone from Cassia quinquangulata; structure. rubrofusarin : A member of the class of benzochromenones that is benzo[g]chromen-4-one carrying two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 5 and 6 as well as methyl and methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 8 respectively. An orange polyketide pigment that is a common intermediate in many different fungal biosynthetic pathways. | 2 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; benzochromenone; phenols; polyketide | biological pigment; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite |
| 3-aminophenoxazone 3-aminophenoxazone: also inhibits sulfatase; structure | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | phenoxazine | |
| rebeccamycin rebeccamycin: from actinomycete strain C-38,383; structure given in first source. rebeccamycin : An N-glycosyl compound consisting of a heteropolycyclic ring system with a glucosyl group attached to one of the indolic nitrogens. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | indolocarbazole; N-glycosyl compound; organic heterohexacyclic compound; organochlorine compound | |
| beta-amyrin beta-amyrin: alpha-amyrin is also available; a 5 ring triterpene derived from oleanane that differs from alpha-amyrin in having the 29-carbon at the 20 position; RN given refers to (3 beta)-isomer. beta-amyrin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanane substituted at the 3beta-position by a hydroxy group and containing a double bond between positions 12 and 13. It is one of the most commonly occurring triterpenoids in higher plants. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol | Aspergillus metabolite; plant metabolite |
| nodakenin nodakenin: RN given for (R)-isomer; has anti-inflammatory properties | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | furanocoumarin | |
| heraclenol heraclenol: isolated from the herb Huanghuaren | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hederagenin [no description available] | 3.78 | 10 | 0 | dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; sapogenin | plant metabolite |
| magnoflorine magnoflorine: opium alkaloid having the aporphine configuration; RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer; structure. (S)-magnoflorine : An aporphine alkaloid that is (S)-corytuberine in which the nitrogen has been quaternised by an additional methyl group. | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | aporphine alkaloid; quaternary ammonium ion | plant metabolite |
| marrubiin marrubiin: RN given for (2aS-(2aalpha,5abeta,6alpha,7alpha,8aalpha,8balpha))-isomer; often isolated from MARRUBIUM. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | gamma-lactone | |
| brusatol brusatol: quassinoid from B. javanica; structure | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| monotropein monotropein: isolated from the root of Morinda officinalis; structure in first source. monotropein : An iridoid monoterpenoid that is 1,4a,7,7a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy group at position 1, a carboxylic acid group at position 4, and at position 7 by a hydroxy and hydroxymethyl groups respectively (the 1S,4aS,7R,7aS diastereomer). | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; cyclopentapyran; iridoid monoterpenoid; monocarboxylic acid; monosaccharide derivative | anti-inflammatory agent; metabolite |
| cornin iridoid cornin iridoid: structure | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | terpene glycoside | |
| chrysomycin a chrysomycin A: Streptomyces arenae; differs only in sugar moiety from gilvocarcin V | 3.99 | 4 | 0 | glycoside | |
| panaxadiol panaxadiol: a protopanaxadiol with the side chain cyclized into a pyran which is an artifact of acidic hydrolysis; RN refers to (3 beta,12 beta,20R)-isomer | 7.03 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid saponin | |
| 2,5-anhydromannitol 2,5-anhydromannitol: RN given refers to cpd with specified locants | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| corilagin corilagin: isolated from Geranii herba. corilagin : An ellagitannin with a hexahydroxydiphenoyl group bridging over the 3-O and 6-O of the glucose core. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ellagitannin; gallate ester | antihypertensive agent; antioxidant; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| sakuranetin sakuranetin: major rice phytoalexin; RN given for ((S)-(-))-isomer; structure in first source. sakuranetin : A flavonoid phytoalexin that is (S)-naringenin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group. | 3.35 | 1 | 0 | (2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; flavonoid phytoalexin; monomethoxyflavanone | antimycobacterial drug; plant metabolite |
| bilobalide [no description available] | 7.25 | 1 | 0 | sesquiterpene lactone | |
| tetracenomycin c tetracenomycin C: chemically related to tetracyclines & anthracyclinones but not a member of either group; produced by Streptomyces glaucescens, strain Tu 49 | 2 | 1 | 0 | methyl ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracenomycin | |
| homoeriodictyol homoeriodictyol: structure in first source. homoeriodictyol : A trihydroxyflavanone that consists of 3'-methoxyflavanone in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4', 5, and 7. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | 3'-methoxyflavanones; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; monomethoxyflavanone; trihydroxyflavanone | flavouring agent; metabolite |
| maslinic acid (2Alpha,3beta)-2,3-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid: from Luehea divaricata and Agrimonia eupatoria | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| 2,2'-dipicolylamine 2,2'-dipicolylamine: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| oxazolidin-2-one Oxazolidinones: Derivatives of oxazolidin-2-one. They represent an important class of synthetic antibiotic agents.. oxazolidin-2-one : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine with an oxo substituent at position 2.. oxazolidinone : An oxazolidine containing one or more oxo groups. | 3.43 | 7 | 0 | carbamate ester; oxazolidinone | metabolite |
| hexamethyldisilane [no description available] | 7.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-aminopyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine 4-aminopyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine: adenine analog which suppresses growth of E coli & Bacillus cereus; inhibits cell growth & purine biosynthesis in rat hepatoma | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tutin tutin: neurotoxin found in Coriaria shrubs; hyenanchin is the hydroxy derivative; structure | 2.54 | 2 | 0 | gamma-lactone | |
| 1-hydroxybenzotriazole 1-hydroxybenzotriazole: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | benzotriazoles | |
| 4-chloro-5-sulfamoylanthranilic acid 4-chloro-5-sulfamoylanthranilic acid: hydrolysis product of furosemide | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; sulfonamide | |
| 4-methoxymethylpyridoxine 4-methoxymethylpyridoxine: RN given refers to parent cpd | 3.14 | 1 | 0 | pyridines | |
| 6-carboxyfluorescein 6-carboxyfluorescein: originally sold as 6-carboxyfluorescein, but commercial product is a mixture of two isomers; correct name is 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | |
| isoguanine isoguanine: structure. isoguanine : An oxopurine that is 3,7-dihydro-purin-2-one in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by an amino group. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| methyl alpha-d-galactopyranoside methyl-galactopyranoside: structure in first source. methyl alpha-D-galactoside : An alpha-D-galactoside having a methyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | alpha-D-galactoside; methyl D-galactoside; monosaccharide derivative | |
| salifungin multifungin: RN given for mixture of salicylic acid, 5-bromo-4'-chlorosalicylanilide (Salifungin) & bamipine | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| ethyl protocatechuate ethyl protocatechuate: structure. ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate : An ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid with ethanol. It is the anti-oxidative component of peanut seed testa. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | catechols; ethyl ester | antibacterial agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.14.11.2 (procollagen-proline dioxygenase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| rosiglitazone [no description available] | 3.82 | 2 | 1 | aminopyridine; thiazolidinediones | EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; insulin-sensitizing drug |
| azidotrimethylsilane azidotrimethylsilane: structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-hydroxysuccinimide N-hydroxysuccinimide: structure | 6.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3,7-dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol Geranium: A plant genus of the family GERANIACEAE. Geranium is also used as a common name for PELARGONIUM. | 3.02 | 4 | 0 | ||
| lithium bromide lithium bromide: denatures ribonuclease A; also sedative. lithium bromide : A lithium salt in which the counterion is bromide. The anhydrous salt forms cubic crystals similar to common salt. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | bromide salt; lithium salt | |
| trimethylsilyl cyanide [no description available] | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| cryptolepine cryptolepine: fused indole-quinoline; structure in first source; from CRYPTOLEPIS sanguinolenta. cryptolepine : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 5H-indolo[3,2-b]quinoline in which the hydrogen at position N-5 is replaced by a methyl group. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | anti-inflammatory agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; cysteine protease inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-l-fucoside 4-nitrophenylfucoside: RN given refers to (alpha-L-isomer). 4-nitrophenyl alpha-L-fucoside : An alpha-L-fucoside that is alpha-L-fucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group. | 3.82 | 11 | 0 | alpha-L-fucoside; C-nitro compound | chromogenic compound |
| 4-nitrophenylglucuronide 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide : A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid having a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucosiduronic acid; C-nitro compound | chromogenic compound |
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol: serotonin metabolite; structure | 3.95 | 12 | 0 | catechols; primary alcohol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite |
| eriocitrin eriocitrin: structure in first source. eriocitrin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of eriodictyol substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.8 | 3 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; disaccharide derivative; flavanone glycoside; rutinoside; trihydroxyflavanone | antioxidant |
| 7-deoxyadriamycin aglycone 7-deoxyadriamycin aglycone: adriamycin metabolite; RN given refers to (R)-isomer | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| asperuloside asperuloside : A iridoid monoterpenoid glycoside isolated from Galium verum. | 3.47 | 8 | 0 | acetate ester; beta-D-glucoside; gamma-lactone; iridoid monoterpenoid; monosaccharide derivative | metabolite |
| methyl rhamnopyranoside methyl rhamnopyranoside: a synthetic intermediate in pyranonaphthoquinone antibiotic synthesis; RN given refers to (alpha-L)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | ||
| cobalt-ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid chelate cobalt-ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid chelate: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonym dicobalt edetate refers to di-Na salt | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-nitrophenyl-n-acetyl-beta-d-galactosaminide 4-nitrophenyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactopyranoside: RN given refers to (beta)-anomer. 4-nitrophenyl N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide : An N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide having a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide | |
| trimethylsilyl iodide trimethylsilyl iodide: structure in first source | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | ||
| difenoconazole difenoconazole : A member of the class of dioxolanes that is 1,3-dioxolane substituted at position 2 by 2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl and 1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl groups. A broad spectrum fungicide with novel broad-range activity used as a spray or seed treatment. It is moderately toxic to humans, mammals, birds and most aquatic organisms. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; conazole fungicide; cyclic ketal; dioxolane; triazole fungicide; triazoles | antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| we 201 We 201: synthetic lysolecithin analog; RN given refers to hydroxide inner salt; structure | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-methylumbelliferyl heptanoate [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| coenzyme a [no description available] | 5.9 | 34 | 0 | adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate | coenzyme; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| loganin [no description available] | 4.71 | 27 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; cyclopentapyran; enoate ester; iridoid monoterpenoid; methyl ester; monosaccharide derivative; secondary alcohol | anti-inflammatory agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| convicine convicine: structure | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | glycoside | |
| 1-naphthylglucoside 1-naphthylglucoside: used in analysis of UDPglucosyltransferase | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| gentiopicroside gentiopicroside: a secoiridoid in Gentiana with rearrangement to two pyran rings | 5.02 | 13 | 0 | glycoside | |
| orellanine orellanine: isolated from Cortinarius orellanus | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | bipyridines | |
| nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum. | 3.23 | 6 | 0 | 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine | anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic |
| loganic acid loganic acid: structure. loganic acid : A cyclopentapyran that is 1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylic acid substituted at positions 1, 6 and 7 by beta-D-glucosyloxy, hydroxy and methyl groups respectively | 3.53 | 8 | 0 | alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; cyclopentapyran; glucoside | plant metabolite |
| fibrinogen Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol. | 3.21 | 6 | 0 | iditol | fungal metabolite |
| hecogenin hecogenin: steroidal sapogenin which has been isolated from plants particularly from numerous Agave species; used in prep of steroidal hormones; structure; RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha,25R)-isomer | 7.44 | 2 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| beta-eudesmol beta-eudesmol: found in Atractylodes and other plants; RN given refers to (2R-(2alpha,4aalpha,8abeta))-isomer. beta-eudesmol : A carbobicyclic compound that is trans-decalin substituted at positions 2, 4a, and 8 by 2-hydroxypropan-2-yl, methyl and methylidene groups, respectively (the 2R,4aR,8aS-diastereoisomer). | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | carbobicyclic compound; eudesmane sesquiterpenoid; tertiary alcohol | volatile oil component |
| aucubin [no description available] | 4.11 | 16 | 0 | organic molecular entity | metabolite |
| equol Equol: A non-steroidal ESTROGEN generated when soybean products are metabolized by certain bacteria in the intestines. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | hydroxyisoflavans | |
| friedelin 3-friedelanone: from the stem bark of Irvingia gabonensis; structure in first source. friedelin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is perhydropicene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and by methyl groups at the 4, 4a, 6b, 8a, 11, 11, 12b, and 14a-positions (the 4R,4aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aR,12bS,14aS,14bS-enantiomer). It is the major triterpenoid constituent of cork. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | cyclic terpene ketone; pentacyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory drug; antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; plant metabolite |
| 4-nitrophenyl beta-d-xyloside 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-xyloside : A xyloside that is beta-D-xylopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group. | 6.67 | 86 | 0 | C-nitro compound; xyloside | chromogenic compound |
| inermin inermin: phytoalexin produced in plants after injection with fungi; RN given refers to (cis-(+-))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation; structure. (-)-maackiain : The (-)-enantiomer of maackiain. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | maackiain | |
| cytidylyl-3',5'-adenosine cytidylyl adenosine: CPA removed as SY because it is also used as an abbreviation for N6-cyclopentyladenosine, CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE, and cyclopiazonic acid | 2 | 1 | 0 | nucleoside analogue; purines | |
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol: noradrenaline metabolite in mouse brain; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol : A tetrol composed of ethyleneglycol having a 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at the 1-position. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | catechols; tetrol | metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile): free radical initiator in liposome systems | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| gitoxin gitoxin: an isomer of digoxin; the OH group which is in the C16 position while it is in the C12 position for Digoxin. gitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is gitoxigenin in which the 3beta-hydroxy group has been glycosylated with tridigitoxose. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | cardenolide glycoside | |
| glycidamide glycidamide: metabolite of acrylamide; structure given in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| homocysteine Homocysteine: A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE.. homocysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid consisting of a glycine core with a 2-mercaptoethyl side-chain.. L-homocysteine : A homocysteine that has L configuration. | 7.87 | 4 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; homocysteine; serine family amino acid | fundamental metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 4-methylumbelliferyl glucuronide 4-methylumbelliferone beta-D-glucuronide : A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid having a 4-methylumbelliferyl substituent at the anomeric position. A hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor, it is anti-tumourigenic for various malignant tumours. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucosiduronic acid; coumarins; monosaccharide derivative | antineoplastic agent; chromogenic compound; hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor |
| methylglucoside [no description available] | 3.47 | 8 | 0 | ||
| 9-hydroxyellipticine 9-hydroxyellipticine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 9-hydroxyellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is ellipticine in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. | 6.97 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotetracyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | antineoplastic agent |
| sarsasapogenin [no description available] | 7.9 | 4 | 0 | sapogenin | |
| taraxerol taraxerol: structure. taraxerol : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanan-3-ol lacking the methyl group at position 14, with an alpha-methyl substituent at position 13 and a double bond between positions 14 and 15. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol | metabolite |
| ruberythric acid ruberythric acid: structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cycloartenol [no description available] | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | 3beta-sterol; pentacyclic triterpenoid; phytosterols | plant metabolite |
| picein picein: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | glycoside | |
| diploptene diploptene: biosynthesized in a cell-free system from Acetobacter pasteurianum in the presence of squalene. hop-22(29)-ene : A triterpene consisting of hopane having a C=C double bond at the 22(29)-position. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | triterpene | |
| lupenone lupenone: structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | metabolite |
| methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-xyloside [no description available] | 3.77 | 11 | 0 | ||
| fluoromisonidazole [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclopentane-1,2,3-triol [no description available] | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| gamma-tocopherol gamma-Tocopherol: A natural tocopherol with less antioxidant activity than ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL. It exhibits antioxidant activity by virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus. As in BETA-TOCOPHEROL, it also has three methyl groups on the 6-chromanol nucleus but at different sites.. gamma-tocopherol : A tocopherol in which the chroman-6-ol core is substituted by methyl groups at positions 7 and 8. It is found particularly in maize (corn) oil and soya bean (soybean) oils. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | tocopherol; vitamin E | algal metabolite; food antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| populin populin: from Chinese white poplar (Populus tomentosa) leaf; RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | glycoside | |
| indican, plant indican, plant: RN given refers to the (D-Glu)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| taraxerone taraxerone: structure | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | scalarane sesterterpenoid | metabolite |
| melezitose melezitose: structure. melezitose : A trisaccharide produced by insects such as aphids. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | trisaccharide | animal metabolite |
| 4-nitrophenyl beta-d-glucoside 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucoside: RN given refers to (beta)-anomer; see also (alpha)-anomer: 3767-28-0; cpd with unspecified anomer: 5779-46-4. 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucoside : A beta-D-glucoside that is beta-D-glucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group. | 3.62 | 9 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; C-nitro compound | chromogenic compound |
| phenopyrazone phenopyrazone: structure | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-nitrophenyl alpha-glucoside 4-nitrophenyl alpha-glucoside: RN given refers to (alpha)-anomer; see also (beta)-anomers: 29857-05-4, 2492-87-7; cpd with unspecified anomer: 5779-46-4. 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucoside : An alpha-D-glucoside that is beta-D-glucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | alpha-D-glucoside; C-nitro compound; monosaccharide derivative | chromogenic compound |
| digoxigenin-bis(digitoxoside) [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | cardenolide glycoside | |
| glycidyl nitrate glycidyl nitrate: a nitric oxide donor; structure in first source. peptidoglycan : A peptidoglycosaminoglycan formed by alternating residues of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid {2-amino-3-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxy-D-glucose} residues. Attached to the carboxy group of the muramic acid is a peptide chain of three to five amino acids. | 3.68 | 10 | 0 | ||
| xanthorrhizol xanthorrhizol: structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | sesquiterpenoid | |
| dodecyl glucoside dodecyl glucoside: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 4-methylumbelliferyl-galactopyranoside 4-methylumbelliferyl-galactopyranoside: fluorogenic substrate; RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer. 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-galactoside : A beta-D-galactoside having a 4-methylumbelliferyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 3.75 | 11 | 0 | beta-D-galactoside; coumarins; monosaccharide derivative | chromogenic compound |
| 6-deoxyglucose 6-deoxyglucose: RN given refers to (D)-isomer; Main Heading DEOXYGLUCOSE refers to 2-deoxyglucose | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | quinovose | |
| 5-pregnene-3,20-diol 5-pregnene-3,20-diol: RN given refers to (3 beta,20 alpha)-isomer | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | corticosteroid hormone | |
| pyrimidine dimers Pyrimidine Dimers: Dimers found in DNA chains damaged by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They consist of two adjacent PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES, usually THYMINE nucleotides, in which the pyrimidine residues are covalently joined by a cyclobutane ring. These dimers block DNA REPLICATION. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| pyrroline pyrroline: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified locant for dihydro moiety. pyrroline : Any organic heteromonocyclic compound with a structure based on a dihydropyrrole. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | pyrroline | |
| malvidin 3-galactoside [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | anthocyanidin glycoside | |
| hippuryl-histidyl-leucine hippuryl-histidyl-leucine: synthetic substrate for angiotensin converting enzyme; used in affinity chromatography | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glucuronic acid Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form. | 4.56 | 24 | 0 | D-glucuronic acid | algal metabolite |
| 1,2,3,4,6-penta-o-acetylgalactopyranose [no description available] | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| septacidin septacidin: structure | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 6'-o-methylguanosine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-bromoadenosine [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | purine nucleoside | |
| nitrophenylgalactosides Nitrophenylgalactosides: Includes ortho-, meta-, and para-nitrophenylgalactosides.. 2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactoside : A beta-D-galactoside having a 2-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 5.9 | 40 | 0 | beta-D-galactoside; C-nitro compound | chromogenic compound |
| 4-aminophenyl-beta-galactoside 4-aminophenyl-beta-galactoside: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer | 3.21 | 6 | 0 | ||
| 10-hydroxycamptothecin [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | pyranoindolizinoquinoline | |
| methyl xylopyranoside methyl xylopyranoside: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rhodomycinone rhodomycinone: anthracycline antibiotic. epsilon-rhodomycinone : A carboxylic ester that is the methyl ester of (1R,2R,4S)-2-ethyl-2,4,5,7,12-pentahydroxy-6,11-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydrotetracene-1-carboxylic acid. | 9.2 | 5 | 0 | carbopolycyclic compound; methyl ester; polyphenol; tetracenequinones; tetracenomycin | |
| diosgenin [no description available] | 9.54 | 24 | 0 | 3beta-sterol; hexacyclic triterpenoid; sapogenin; spiroketal | antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; metabolite |
| isosteviol isosteviol: an antihyperglycemic agent; obtained by acid hydrolysis of stevioside; was indexed to steviol 1985-2007 | 3.25 | 5 | 0 | diterpenoid | |
| anthraglycoside b anthraglycoside B: from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc; structure in first source | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | dihydroxyanthraquinone | |
| variamycin variamycin: new glycoside antibiotic from aureolic acid group; disrupts RNA synthesis in Staph aureus, HeLa cells; complexes DNA; russian drug | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| syringaresinol [no description available] | 8.15 | 5 | 0 | aromatic ether; furofuran; lignan; polyether; polyphenol | plant metabolite |
| combretastatin combretastatin: cytotoxic principle from South African tree COMBRETUM caffrum; structure given in first source; acts at COLCHICINE site of TUBULIN | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diphyllin diphyllin: extract of Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb), a highly poisonous plant; do not confuse with diphyllin or diphylline which is the main heading AMINOPHYLLINE; do not confuse with the theophylline derivative DYPHYLLINE | 5.4 | 10 | 0 | lignan | |
| n-acetyldopamine N-acetyldopamine : A secondary carboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of acetic acid with the amino group of dopamine. A dopamine metabolite. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; catechols; N-(fatty acyl)-dopamine; secondary carboxamide | human urinary metabolite; marine metabolite |
| arctiin arctiin: from fruits of Arctium lappa L; RN given refers to (3R-trans)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 12/92 | 3.26 | 6 | 0 | glycoside; lignan | |
| chimaphilin chimaphilin: isolated from Chimaphila umbellata; structure given in first source | 6.94 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-naphthoquinones | |
| friedelinol friedelinol: isolated from seeds of Aster auriculatus Franch; structure given in first source; RN given refers to friedelanol (friedelinol), the (3alpha)-isomer | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| berbine berbine: structure | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | berberine alkaloid; isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parent; organic heterotetracyclic compound | |
| ledol ledol: from Renealmia chrysotrycha; structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| erythrodiol [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | diol; pentacyclic triterpenoid; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol | plant metabolite |
| methyl mannoside, (alpha-d)-isomer methylmannoside: RN given refers to (D)-isomer; see also record for 3-O-methylmannose. methyl alpha-D-mannoside : A methyl mannoside having alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre. | 3.25 | 6 | 0 | alpha-D-mannoside; methyl mannoside | |
| quillaic acid quillaic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-12-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 16, an oxo group at position 23 and a carboxy group at position 28 (the 3beta,16alpha stereoisomer). | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory agent; metabolite |
| pregnanetriol Pregnanetriol: A metabolite of 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE, normally produced in small quantities by the GONADS and the ADRENAL GLANDS, found in URINE. An elevated urinary pregnanetriol is associated with CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA with a deficiency of STEROID 21-HYDROXYLASE. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | corticosteroid hormone | |
| 4-nitrophenyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-d-glucopyranoside 4-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-2-deoxyglucopyranoside: RN given refers to (beta)-isomer. 4-nitrophenyl N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide : An N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide | chromogenic compound |
| 3,4,6-tri-o-acetylglucal 3,4,6-tri-O-acetylglucal: RN given refers to (D)-isomer with unspecified acetate locants | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cobalt Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27. | 4.23 | 18 | 0 | cobalt group element atom; metal allergen | micronutrient |
| p-methoxy-n-methylphenethylamine p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine: A potent mast cell degranulator. It is involved in histamine release.. N,O-dimethyltyramine : A secondary amino compound that is tyramine in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a methyl group. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; secondary amino compound | metabolite |
| hydrogen sulfite [no description available] | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | sulfur oxoanion | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| mizoribine [no description available] | 3.11 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | anticoronaviral agent |
| chlorates Chlorates: Inorganic salts of chloric acid that contain the ClO3- ion. | 4.79 | 12 | 0 | chlorine oxoanion; monovalent inorganic anion | |
| carbidopa, levodopa drug combination [no description available] | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| u 73122 1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: structure given in first source. U-73122 : An aza-steroid that is 3-O-methyl-17beta-estradiol in which the 17beta-hydroxy group is replaced by a 6-(maleimid-1-yl)hexylamino group. An inibitor of phospholipase C. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; aza-steroid; maleimides | EC 3.1.4.11 (phosphoinositide phospholipase C) inhibitor |
| arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid: amino acid sequence of basic unit of widespread cellular recognition system | 3.08 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
| 1,4-dihydropyridine [no description available] | 3.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| imipenem, anhydrous Imipenem: Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.. imipenem : A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carbapenems; zwitterion | antibacterial drug |
| 1,n(6)-ethenoadenine 1,N(6)-ethenoadenine: biologically active fluorescent derivatives of this cpd potentially valuable in studies concerning interactions between adenine cpds & various enzymes for which they serve as substrates or co-factors; structure | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | imidazo[2,1-i]purine | mutagen |
| beauvericin beauvericin: 18-membered cyclodepsipeptides. beauvericin : A trimeric cyclodepsipeptide composed from alternating methylphenylalanyl and hydroxyvaleryl residues. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fructose 2,6-diphosphate fructose 2,6-diphosphate: phosphofructokinase activator synthesized via Mg-ATP & fructose-6-P. beta-D-fructofuranose 2,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 2,6-bisphosphate with a beta-configuration at the anomeric centre. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | D-fructofuranose 2,6-bisphosphate | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| cyanates Cyanates: Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.. cyanates : Salts and esters of cyanic acid, HOC#N; compounds carrying the cyanate functional group -O-C#N.. isocyanates : Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N). | 6.45 | 13 | 0 | ||
| pyridinoline pyridinoline: 3-hydroxypyridinium derivative collagen crosslink; structure | 3.77 | 3 | 0 | organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound | |
| deoxypyridinoline deoxypyridinoline: structure given in first source | 7.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester: isolated from brain tissue & urine; extremely potent displacer of diazepam from brain benzodiazepam receptors; structure in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | beta-carbolines | |
| 3,4-dihydroxypyridine 3-hydroxy-4(1H)-pyridone: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | 4-pyridones; dihydroxypyridine | |
| ((18)O)water ((18)O)water : A form of water consisting of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to an oxygen-18 atom.. oxygen-18 atom : The stable isotope of oxygen with relative atomic mass 17.999160 and 0.205 atom percent natural abundance. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | isotopically modified compound; water | |
| 20,22-dihydrodigitoxigenin 20,22-dihydrodigitoxigenin: cardiotonic steroid | 7.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonium)-1-propanesulfonate 3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonium)-1-propanesulfonate: a surfactant; structure given in first source | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate | |
| taxiphyllin taxiphyllin: cyanogenic glycoside from plant Taxus; (S) epimer is dhurrin; structure. (R)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile beta-D-glucoside : A beta-D-glucoside consisting of (R)-prunasin carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 5.11 | 8 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; nitrile | |
| 22-hydroxycholesterol [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | cholanoid | |
| saikosaponin d [no description available] | 2.55 | 2 | 0 | ||
| miserotoxin miserotoxin: toxin from Emory milkvetch; measured by nitro moiety. miserotoxin : A beta-D-glucoside having 3-nitropropyl as the anomeric alkyl group. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; C-nitro compound | phytotoxin |
| chlorodiethylenetriamine platinum chlorodiethylenetriamine platinum: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| geniposide [no description available] | 8.39 | 7 | 0 | terpene glycoside | |
| procyanidin Proanthocyanidins: Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways. | 7.4 | 58 | 0 | proanthocyanidin | |
| pisatin pisatin: phytoalexin produced in plants after injection with fungi; RN given refers to (6aS-cis)-isomer; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| epicatechin gallate epicatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor; RN given refers to the (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source; isolated from green tea. (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of epicatechin. A natural product found in Parapiptadenia rigida. | 2.86 | 3 | 0 | catechin; gallate ester; polyphenol | EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| phosphites Phosphites: Inorganic salts or organic esters of phosphorous acid that contain the (3-)PO3 radical. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). phosphite(3-) : A trivalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of all three protons from phosphorous acid. | 4.06 | 4 | 0 | phosphite ion; trivalent inorganic anion | |
| 1,9-dideoxyforskolin [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | acetate ester; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound | plant metabolite |
| daidzin daidzin: a potent, selective, and reversible inhibitor of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. daidzein 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is daidzein attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It is used in the treatment of alcohol dependency (antidipsotropic). | 3.96 | 12 | 0 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside; hydroxyisoflavone; monosaccharide derivative | plant metabolite |
| n(g)-iminoethylornithine [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid | |
| triptolide [no description available] | 3.11 | 4 | 0 | diterpenoid; epoxide; gamma-lactam; organic heteroheptacyclic compound | antispermatogenic agent; plant metabolite |
| tuliposide a tuliposide A: RN given refers to (beta-D-Glucopyranose); RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 2/90; found in the Alstroemeria plant | 3.95 | 13 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; homoallylic alcohol; O-acyl carbohydrate | |
| asiaticoside [no description available] | 6.8 | 11 | 2 | ||
| proanthocyanidin proanthocyanidin: RN given refers to proanthocyanidin A; Cannabinoid Receptor CB1 antagonist. proanthocyanidin : A flavonoid oligomer obtained by the the condensation of two or more units of hydroxyflavans. | 4.94 | 11 | 0 | ||
| 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | deoxyaldohexose phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| schizandrin b schizandrin B: a phytogenic antineoplastic agent with anti-inflammatory activity; isolated from Schisandra plant | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine Platelet Activating Factor: A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.. 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine which has hexadecyl as the alkyl group. PAF is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis. | 4.63 | 8 | 0 | 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; bronchoconstrictor agent; hematologic agent; vasodilator agent |
| deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen. | 4.88 | 35 | 0 | ||
| chrysanthemol chrysanthemol: a trans-eudesmane type sesquiterpene from flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum L.; structure given in first source | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | cyclopropanes; homoallylic alcohol; monoterpenoid; primary alcohol | |
| ribonolactone ribonolactone: structure given in first source; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. D-ribono-1,4-lactone : A five-membered form of ribonolactone having D-configuration. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | butan-4-olide; ribonolactone | metabolite |
| methyl beta-cellobioside methyl beta-cellobioside: molecular model given in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| neoeriocitrin neoeriocitrin: protects against autophagy-inhibiting effects of okadaic acid; isolated from Drynariae rhizome; structure in first source. neoeriocitrin : A flavanone glycoside that is eriodictyol substituted by a 2-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | 4'-hydroxyflavanones; disaccharide derivative; flavanone glycoside; neohesperidoside; trihydroxyflavanone | plant metabolite |
| convalloside convalloside: neoconvalloside is the stereoisomer of convalloside; RN refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer; structure given in first source | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | cardenolide glycoside | |
| 2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone 2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone: lignan isolated from urine of humans & other mammals; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in second source | 4.35 | 4 | 1 | lignan | |
| homoorientin homoorientin: isolated from Swertia japonica; structure given in first source | 3.48 | 7 | 0 | flavone C-glycoside; tetrahydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; radical scavenger |
| valerates Valerates: Derivatives of valeric acid, including its salts and esters. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | short-chain fatty acid anion; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion | plant metabolite |
| liquiritigenin liquiritigenin: structure given in first source; isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium. 4',7-dihydroxyflavanone : A dihydroxyflavanone in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4' and 7.. liquiritigenin : A dihydroxyflavanone compound having the two hydroxy substituents at the 4'- and 7-positions. Isolated from the root of Glycyrrhizae uralensis, it is a selective agonist for oestrogen receptor beta. | 7.74 | 3 | 0 | 4',7-dihydroxyflavanone | hormone agonist; plant metabolite |
| thromboxanes thromboxane : A class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dodecyl-beta-d-maltoside dodecyl beta-D-maltoside : A glycoside resulting from attachment of a dodecyl group to the reducing-end anomeric centre of a beta-maltose molecule. | 3.78 | 11 | 0 | disaccharide derivative; glycoside | detergent |
| tephrosin tephrosin: RN given for (7aR-cis)-isomer; has insecticidal activity; structure in first source. tephrosin : A member of the class of rotenones that is 13,13a-dihydro-3H-chromeno[3,4-b]pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-7(7aH)-one substituted with geminal methyl groups at position 3, hydroxy group at position 7a and methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10 (the 7aR,13aR stereoisomer). It is isolated from the leaves and twigs of Antheroporum pierrei and exhibits antineoplastic and pesticidal activities. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; cyclic ketone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones | antineoplastic agent; metabolite; pesticide |
| tanshinone tanshinone: from root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge; RN given refers to tanshinone I; cardioprotective agent and neuroprotective agent | 4.51 | 1 | 1 | abietane diterpenoid | anticoronaviral agent |
| 4,6-diamino-5-n-formamidopyrimidine 4,6-diamino-5-N-formamidopyrimidine: formed when adenine is exposed to ionizing radiation. 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine : A member of the class of aminopyrimidines that is 4,6-diaminopyrimidine bearing an additional formamido substituent at position 5. A DNA lesion formed when DNA exposed to ionising radiation. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; formamidopyrimidine | |
| protoberberine protoberberine: a benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline derivative that appears as an isoquinoline annelated (adjoined) with a naphthylene; the nitrogen is typically quarternary; nitidine is annelated differently; RN given refers to parent cpd | 7.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| soyasapogenol b soyasapogenol B: RN given for (3beta,4beta,22beta)-isomer; structure in first source. soyasapogenol B : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanane containing a double bond between positions 12 and 13 and substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 22beta and 24-positions. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pentacyclic triterpenoid | |
| pterosin b pterosin B: structure in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| geraniin Geraniin: in various plants; structure in first source | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | ||
| gastrodin gastrodin: the glucoside of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (gastrodigenin); isolated from Gastrodia elata Blume; | 6.4 | 13 | 1 | glycoside | |
| ponasterone a ponasterone A: RN given refers to (2 beta,3 beta,5 beta,22R)-isomer | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | 14alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-hydroxy steroid; 22-hydroxy steroid; 2beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; 6-oxo steroid; phytoecdysteroid | |
| amarogentin amarogentin: secoiridoid glycoside. amarogentin : A secoiridoid glycoside that consists of (4aS,5R,6R)-5-ethenyl-6-hydroxy-4,4a,5,6-tetrahydro-1H,3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-1-one having a 2-O-[(3,3',5-trihydroxybiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl group attached at position 6 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.59 | 2 | 0 | monosaccharide derivative; secoiridoid glycoside | EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| icrf 193 4,4'-(1,2-dimethyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis-2,6-piperazinedione: structure given in first source; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. ICRF-193 : An N-alkylpiperazine that is butane which is substituted by a 3,5-dioxopiperazin-1-yl group at positions 2 and 3. The meso isomer. | 3.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| brassinolide brassinolide: plant growth promoting steroidal lactone from rape pollen; RN given refers to (2alpha,3alpha,5alpha,22R,23R,24S)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | 22-hydroxy steroid; 23-hydroxy steroid; 2alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; brassinosteroid | plant growth stimulator; plant hormone |
| dimethyldioxirane dimethyldioxirane: structure given in first source; powerful oxidizing agent | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzenesulfonate 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzenesulfonate: structure given in first source | 3.5 | 2 | 0 | ||
| stachydrine stachydrine: RN given refers to hydroxide inner salt (S)-isomer; structure. L-proline betaine : An amino acid betaine that is L-proline zwitterion in which both of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid; amino-acid betaine; N-methyl-L-alpha-amino acid | food component; human blood serum metabolite; plant metabolite |
| taraxasterol taraxasterol: from Cirsium segetum. taraxasterol : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is taraxastane with a beta-hydroxy group at position 3. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol | anti-inflammatory agent; metabolite |
| duocarmycin sa duocarmycin SA: structure similar to CC-1065 and yatakemycin, composed of a pyrrolo-indole plus an indole; isolated from Streptomyces | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | ||
| prunasin prunasin: cyanogenic glycoside; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 3.96 | 13 | 0 | prunasin | |
| asiatic acid [no description available] | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; triol | angiogenesis modulating agent; metabolite |
| stichoposide stichoposide: triterpene glycoside; RN given refers to stichoposide A | 8.14 | 45 | 1 | ||
| thiodigalactoside thiodigalactoside: RN given refers to beta-D-galactopyranoside (D-Gal)-isomer | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | ||
| hydrangenol hydrangenol: allergen; an isocoumarin. hydrangenol : A member of the class of dihydroisocoumarins that is 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8 and a 4-hydroxyphenyl group at position 3. It has been isolated from the roots of Scorzonera judaica and exhibits anti-allergic activity. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | dihydroisocoumarins; phenols | anti-allergic agent; plant metabolite |
| matairesinol matairesinol: lignan that is a central precursor in plants in the biosynthesis of numerous lignans (coordinate with specific); RN refers to (3R-trans)-isomer. (-)-matairesinol : A lignan that is gamma-butyrolactone in which the 3 and 4 positions are substituted by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl groups (the 3R,4R-diastereomer). | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | gamma-lactone; lignan; polyphenol | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-asthmatic agent; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite |
| 3-deoxy-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosonic acid 3-deoxy-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosonic acid: a component of cell wall lipopolysaccharide; artifacts in mass spectrometric analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae; structure in first source. 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate : A carbohydrate acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid | |
| dioscin [no description available] | 8.24 | 6 | 0 | hexacyclic triterpenoid; spiroketal; spirostanyl glycoside; trisaccharide derivative | anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite |
| astilbin astilbin: dihydroflavonol from Kohki tea processed from Engelhardtia chrysolepis (huang-qui); astilbin is the (2R-trans)-isomer; neoisoastilbin is the (2S-cis)-isomer and is Sweetening Agents; isoastilbin is the (2R-cis)-isomer; structure in first source;. astilbin : A flavanone glycoside that is (+)-taxifolin substituted by a alpha-L-rhamnosyl moiety at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. | 5.06 | 12 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; alpha-L-rhamnoside; flavanone glycoside; monosaccharide derivative; tetrahydroxyflavanone | anti-inflammatory agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger |
| cucurbitacins [no description available] | 3.73 | 10 | 0 | 11-oxo steroid | |
| linustatin linustatin: cyanogenic glucoside from linseed oil; structure | 3.29 | 6 | 0 | cyanogenic glycoside | |
| ginsenoside rh2 ginsenoside Rh2: from leaves of Panax ginseng C; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh2 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bone density conservation agent; cardioprotective agent; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| allosamidin allosamidin: Anti-Asthmatic | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| caprylates Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis. | 3.23 | 6 | 0 | fatty acid anion 8:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion | human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 1,3,4-thiadiazole 1,3,4-thiadiazole: structure given in first source | 2.63 | 2 | 0 | thiadiazole | |
| maculosin maculosin: RN refers to (3S-trans)-isomer; isolated from Alternaria alternata; structure given in first source. maculosin : A homodetic cyclic peptide that is a dipeptide composed of L-proline and L-tyrosine joined by peptide linkages. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide; homodetic cyclic peptide; phenols; pyrrolopyrazine | metabolite |
| cleistanthin b cleistanthin B: toxic constituent of Cleistanthus collinus. cleistanthin B : A member of the class of cleistanthins that is cleistanthin A in which the 3,4-di-O-methyl-D-xylopyranosyl group is replaced by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; cleistanthins; monosaccharide derivative | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic |
| neolinustatin neolinustatin: cyanogenic glucoside from linseed oil; related to amygdalin; structure | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | cyanogenic glycoside | |
| pentosidine pentosidine: structure given in first source. pentosidine : An imidazopyridine having norleucine and ornithine residues attached via their side-chains at the 4- and 2-positions respectively. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | imidazopyridine; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | biomarker; cross-linking reagent |
| 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-mannoside 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-mannopyranoside: see also record for (alpha)-isomer | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| perimidine [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | perimidine | |
| n-iodosuccinimide [no description available] | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | dicarboximide; pyrrolidinone | |
| quinovic acid quinovic acid: from Mitragyna stipulosa (Rubiaceae); structure in first source | 3.32 | 6 | 0 | ||
| piscidic acid piscidic acid: active constituent for chronic bronchitis isolated from root of Chuan-Shan-Long plant; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.69 | 2 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid | |
| cannogenol-3-o-beta-d-allomethyloside cannogenol-3-O-beta-D-allomethyloside: cardenolide from Convallaria majalis L.; structure in first source | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| nepitrin [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| 5-oxo-prolyl-glycyl-arginine-4-nitroanilide 5-oxo-prolyl-glycyl-arginine-4-nitroanilide: urokinase substrate; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| alliin alliin: nutritional supplement in diet; possible therapeutic use in anemia and splenic hypertrophy; structure. alliin : An L-alanine derivative in which one of the methyl hydrogens of L-alanine has been replaced by an (S)-allylsulfinyl group. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid | |
| methyl lactoside beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-OMe : A methyl glycoside comprising methyl beta-D-glucoside having an beta-D-galactosyl residue at the 4-position. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | disaccharide derivative; methyl glycoside | |
| chitotriose chitotriose : An amino trisaccharide comprising of three 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose units joined by beta-(1->4) linkages. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-(4-(7-diethylamino-4-methylcoumarin-3-yl)phenyl)maleimide N-(4-(7-diethylamino-4-methylcoumarin-3-yl)phenyl)maleimide: structure given in first source. 7-diethylamino-3-(4-maleimidophenyl)-4-methylcoumarin : A member of the class of coumarins that is 2H-chromen-2-one substituted by 4-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl, methyl, and diethylamino groups at positions 3, 4 and 7, respectively. It is a thiol-reactive fluorescent dye. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; coumarins; maleimides; tertiary amino compound | fluorescent dye |
| 2-n-(4-(1-azitrifluoroethyl)benzoyl)-1,3-bis-(mannos-4-yloxy)-2-propylamine 2-N-(4-(1-azitrifluoroethyl)benzoyl)-1,3-bis-(mannos-4-yloxy)-2-propylamine: an azi-ethyl-benzoyl-propylamine with mannose attached at two locations of the propylamine | 6.04 | 45 | 0 | ||
| a 82846a [no description available] | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| kadsurenone kadsurenone: platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist from Chinese herbal plant, haifenteng; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2s-(2alpha,3beta,3aalpha))-isomer | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| benzoyl-coenzyme a benzoyl-coenzyme A: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrole-1-norleucine 2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrole-1-norleucine: formed by Maillard recaction of bovine serum albumin with glucose; RN refers to (S)-isomer. 1-(L-norleucin-6-yl)pyrraline : An N-substituted pyrraline formed via Maillard reaction of L-lysine with glucose.. pyrraline : A pyrrole having formyl and hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 2 and 5 respectively; useful as indicator of advanced stages of the Maillard reaction, which produces advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | L-lysine derivative; N-substituted pyrraline; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | |
| glucosylgalactosylhydroxylysine glucosylgalactosylhydroxylysine: from sponge & sea anemone collagen | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | ||
| saccharolactone saccharolactone: used as index for assessing induction of hepatic enzymes by anticonvulsants; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. D-glucaro-1,4-lactone : A delta-lactone that is D-glucono-1,4-lactone in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been oxidised to the corresponding carboxylic acid. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | aldarolactone; delta-lactone | |
| decanoyl acetaldehyde decanoyl acetaldehyde: structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | fatty aldehyde | |
| 4-aminophenyl alpha-d-mannopyranoside p-aminophenyl alpha-D-mannoside : An alpha-D-mannoside having 4-aminophenyl as the anomeric substituent. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | alpha-D-mannoside; substituted aniline | |
| astragaloside a [no description available] | 4.38 | 6 | 0 | ||
| procyanidin b2 procyanidin B2 : A proanthocyanidin consisting of two molecules of (-)-epicatechin joined by a bond between positions 4 and 8' in a beta-configuration. Procyanidin B2 can be found in Cinchona pubescens (Chinchona, in the rind, bark and cortex), in Cinnamomum verum (Ceylon cinnamon, in the rind, bark and cortex), in Crataegus monogyna (Common hawthorn, in the flower and blossom), in Uncaria guianensis (Cat's claw, in the root), in Vitis vinifera (Common grape vine, in the leaf), in Litchi chinensis (litchi, in the pericarp), in the apple, in Ecdysanthera utilis and in red wine. | 2.83 | 3 | 0 | biflavonoid; hydroxyflavan; polyphenol; proanthocyanidin | antioxidant; metabolite |
| 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin: structure in first source. 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is the 9- epimer of 4'-demethylpodophyllotoxin. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound; phenols | antineoplastic agent |
| olivomycin a olivomycin A: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | olivomycin; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone | antimicrobial agent |
| aromadedrin aromadedrin: inhibits protein kinase C; the dihydro makes it a flavone rather than a flavonol. (+)-dihydrokaempferol : A tetrahydroxyflavanone having hydroxy groupa at the 3-, 4'-, 5- and 7-positions. | 3 | 4 | 0 | 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroflavonols; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetrahydroxyflavanone | metabolite |
| stannane [no description available] | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | mononuclear parent hydride; tin hydride | |
| carbene carbene: electrically neutral species H2C: and its derivatives, in which the carbon is covalently bonded to two univalent groups of any kind or a divalent group and bears two nonbonding electrons; carbene is the name of the parent hydride :CH2 ; hence, the name dichlorocarbene for :CCl2. However, names for acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons containing one or more divalent carbon atoms are derived from the name of the corresponding all-4-hydrocarbon using the suffix -ylidene; methylene carbene also available. carbene : The electrically neutral species H2C(2.) and its derivatives, in which the carbon is covalently bonded to two univalent groups of any kind or a divalent group and bears two nonbonding electrons, which may be spin-paired (singlet state) or spin-non-paired (triplet state). | 5.03 | 12 | 0 | carbene; methanediyl | |
| squaric acid diethyl ester squaric acid diethyl ester: structure | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| peroxynitrous acid Peroxynitrous Acid: A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES). | 3.84 | 11 | 0 | nitrogen oxoacid | |
| diethylaminosulfur trifluoride diethylaminosulfur trifluoride: fluorinating agent for carbohydrates | 6.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fullerene c60 Fullerenes: A polyhedral CARBON structure composed of around 60-80 carbon atoms in pentagon and hexagon configuration. They are named after Buckminster Fuller because of structural resemblance to geodesic domes. Fullerenes can be made in high temperature such as arc discharge in an inert atmosphere.. fullerene : A compound composed solely of an even number of carbon atoms, which form a cage-like fused-ring polycyclic system with twelve five-membered rings and the rest six-membered rings. The term has been broadened to include any closed cage structure consisting entirely of three-coordinate carbon atoms. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | fullerene | geroprotector |
| mk 0663 [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | bipyridines; organochlorine compound; sulfone | cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| gefitinib [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; morpholines; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound | antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist |
| 2-nitrophenylgalactoside 2-nitrophenylgalactoside: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 3.62 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 3-deoxyglycero-galacto-nonulosonic acid 3-deoxyglycero-galacto-nonulosonic acid: deaminated neuraminic acid from rainbow trout; structure given in first source | 3.11 | 5 | 0 | L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->7)-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->3)-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->5)-alpha-Kdo | |
| adenophostin a adenophostin A: structure given in first source; an inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate agonist isolated from Penicillium brevicompactum | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | disaccharide phosphate | |
| 2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol 2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol: lignan isolated from urine of humans & other mammals | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | lignan | |
| 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one: structure. 7alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one : A cholestanoid consisting of a cholesterol core having an oxo group at the 3-position, a C=C bond at the 4,5-position and an alpha-hydroxy group at the 7-position. | 6.58 | 3 | 3 | 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; 7alpha-hydroxy steroid; cholestanoid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 4-carboxyfluorescein [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | fluorochrome |
| n,n',n''-triacetylchitotriose N,N',N''-triacetylchitotriose: used for affinity chromatography of potato lectin when coupled to Sepharose; structure | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-hexosamine | |
| n(6)-carboxymethyllysine N(6)-carboxymethyllysine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer; structure given in first source. N(6)-carboxymethyl-L-lysine : An L-lysine derivative with a carboxymethyl substituent at the N(6)-position. | 2.96 | 4 | 0 | L-lysine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | antigen |
| n-acetylglucosaminylasparagine N-acetylglucosaminylasparagine: RN given refers to parent cpd; presence in urine characteristic of aspartylglucosaminuria; structure. N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine : An N(4)-glycosyl-L-asparagine having (beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl as the glycosyl component. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; glucosaminylamine; N(4)-glycosyl-L-asparagine | |
| n-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)phosphatidylethanolamine N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)phosphatidylethanolamine: fluorescent probe for membrane lipids | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| antibiotic g 418 antibiotic G 418: from Micromonospora rhodorangea | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-((3,5-dichloro)-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone 1-((3,5-dichloro)-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone: structure given in first source. 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexan-1-one : A differentiation-inducing factor that is hexaphenone bearing two chloro substituents at positions 3 and 5, two hydroxy substituents at positions 2 and 6 as well as a single methoxy substituent at position 4. A secreted, chlorinated molecule that controls cell fate during development of Dictyostelium cells. | 4.26 | 3 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; differentiation-inducing factor; monomethoxybenzene; resorcinols | eukaryotic metabolite; signalling molecule |
| lipid x lipid X: monosaccharide precursor of E coli lipid A; structure given in first source; see also lipid A precursors, Salmonella. lipid X : An N-acyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate where the N-acyl group is (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl and carrying an additional (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl group at the 3-position. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| galactose-1-phosphate alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate : A D-galactopyranose 1-phosphate having alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | alpha-D-hexose 1-phosphate; D-galactopyranose 1-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| n-acetylneuraminoyllactose 3'-sialyllactose: structure in first source | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| galactosylhydroxylysine galactosylhydroxylysine: found in collagen & basement membranes; presence in urine can be used to determine collagen metabolism | 3.35 | 7 | 0 | 5-glycosyloxy-L-lysine | |
| swertisin swertisin: from Wilbrandia ebracteata; structure in first source. swertisin : A flavone C-glycoside that is 7-O-methylapigenin in which the hydrogen at position 6 has been replaced by a beta-D-glucosyl residue. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; flavone C-glycoside; monomethoxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; polyphenol | adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite |
| rubiadin rubiadin: highly genotoxic in Salmonella typhimurium. rubiadin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3 and a methyl group at position 2. It has been isolated from Rubia yunnanensis. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyanthraquinone | antibacterial agent; antioxidant; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| desloratadine desloratadine: major metabolite of loratadine. desloratadine : Loratadine in which the ethoxycarbonyl group attached to the piperidine ring is replaced by hydrogen. The major metabolite of loratidine, desloratadine is an antihistamine which is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and chronic urticaria. It does not readily enter the central nervous system, so does not cause drowsiness. | 8.31 | 1 | 0 | benzocycloheptapyridine | anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; drug metabolite; H1-receptor antagonist |
| sericic acid sericic acid: RN refers to (2alpha,3beta,4beta,19alpha)-isomer; from Vochysia divergens | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-hexyl-2'-deoxyuridine [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glucogallin glucogallin: RN given refers to (D-glucose)-isomer | 3.3 | 6 | 0 | ||
| 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxy-nor-tropane calystegine B(2): RN given for (2-endo,3-exo,4-endo)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 3-c-methylerythritol 3-C-methylerythritol: structure given in first source. 2-methylerythritol : A tetritol that is erythritol substituted by a methyl group at position 2. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | tetritol | human metabolite |
| 6-hexadecanoylamino-4-methylumbelliferyl-galactopyranoside 6-hexadecanoylamino-4-methylumbelliferyl-galactopyranoside: structure given in first source | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| resorufin galactopyranoside resorufin galactopyranoside: fluorogenic substrate for beta-galactosidase activity | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glycero-alpha-manno-heptopyranose glycero-alpha-manno-heptopyranose: structure given in first source. L-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptopyranose : An aldoheptose in pyranose cyclic form with L-glycero-alpha-D-manno stereochemistry. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | aldoheptose | |
| 4-methylumbelliferylcellobioside 4-methylumbelliferylcellobioside: substrate for cellobiohydrolase I | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | coumarins; glycoside | |
| beta-fluoroasparagine [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| aranciamycin aranciamycin: microbial collagenase inhibitor; structure given in first source | 6.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ay 25545 ravidomycin: isolated from mycelium of Streptomyces ravidus; structure given in first source. ravidomycin : A C-glycosylated naphthoisochromene derivative obtained from Streptomyces ravidus; exhibits antibiotic and anticancer properties. | 3.17 | 1 | 0 | acetate ester; aromatic ether; C-glycosyl compound; naphthoisochromene; olefinic compound; phenols; tertiary amine | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite |
| methotrexate [no description available] | 9.1 | 16 | 3 | dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines | abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent |
| o-(glucuronic acid 2-sulfate)-(1--4)-o-(2,5)-anhydromannitol 6-sulfate O-(glucuronic acid 2-sulfate)-(1--4)-O-(2,5)-anhydromannitol 6-sulfate: disaccharide substrate derived from heparin | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid 3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid: direct precursor of 7-carbon amino starter-unit for biosyn of ansamycins. 3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is 3-hydroxybenzoic acid carrying an additional amino substitutent at position 4. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid | |
| hupeheninoside hupeheninoside: isolated from Fritillaria hupehensis; structure given in first source; MF: C33-H55-N-O7 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| saquayamycin saquayamycin: isolated from Streptomyces nodosus MH190-16F3; structure given in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-nitrophenyl-o-6-deoxy-6-((2-pyridyl)amino)-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-o-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-o-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-o-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-alpha-d-glucopyranoside [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acetyl hypofluorite acetyl hypofluorite: selective fluorinating agent; used with 18F for synthesis of 2-(18F)fluorodeoxy-D-glucose; structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lysyllysine lysyllysine: RN given refers to (L-Lys)-isomer. Lys-Lys : A dipeptide formed from two L-lysine residues. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| delphinidin delphinidin: RN given refers to parent cpd;. delphinidin : An anthocyanidin cation consisting of benzopyrylium with hydroxy substituents at the 3-, 5- and 7-positions and a 3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl group at the 2-position. It is a plant pigment responsible for the colours of the plants of the genera Viola and Delphinium. | 5.56 | 12 | 0 | 5-hydroxyanthocyanidin | antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; plant metabolite |
| cyanidin cyanidin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cyanidin cation : An anthocyanidin cation that is flavylium substituted at positions 3, 3', 4', 5 and 7 by hydroxy groups. | 5.9 | 17 | 0 | 5-hydroxyanthocyanidin | antioxidant; metabolite; neuroprotective agent |
| tetracenomycin x tetracenomycin X: from Nocardia mediterranea; structure given in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-(rhamnosyloxy)phenylacetonitrile 4-(rhamnosyloxy)phenylacetonitrile: from roasted seeds of Moringa oleifera; structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | glycoside | |
| picrocrocin picrocrocin: a glucoside of safranal; a bitter-tasting substance; structure given in first source. picrocrocin : A beta-D-glucoside of beta-cyclocitral; the precursor of safranal. It is the compound most responsible for the bitter taste of saffron. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside | |
| cornuside cornuside: a bisiridoid glucoside from Cornus officinalis Sieb et Zucc; structure given in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-benzyl-3-crotonyl-2-oxazolidinone locostatin: an RKIP inhibitor that reduces cell migration | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| verticine verticine: structure | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | alkaloid | |
| bis(2-aminohexyl)disulfide bis(2-aminohexyl)disulfide: has inhibitory effects on polymorphonuclear leukocyte functions in vitro | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | ||
| osw 1 OSW 1: RN given for the (3beta,16beta)-isomer | 3.89 | 3 | 0 | ||
| omega-n-methylarginine omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; arginine derivative; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | |
| defucogilvocarcin v defucogilvocarcin V: isolated from Streptomyces arenae 2064; structure given in first source | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| imidazolecarboxamide imidazolecarboxamide: RN given refers to parent cpd; see also related record for imidazole-4-carboxamide | 2.33 | 2 | 0 | ||
| n-octyl-beta-d-maltopyranoside octyl maltopyranoside: structure given in first source | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| isodityrosine isodityrosine: structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cycloastragenol [no description available] | 3.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
| altruronic acid [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| xylose xylopyranose: structure in first source | 8.3 | 150 | 0 | D-xylose | |
| dithiane dithiane: structure in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | dithiane | |
| beta-lactams 2-azetidinone: structure in first source. azetidin-2-one : An unsubstituted beta-lactam compound.. beta-lactam : A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a four-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon. | 8.14 | 5 | 0 | beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; beta-lactam | |
| ethynylpyridine ethynylpyridine: structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methaneboronic acid [no description available] | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sperm motility inhibitor 2 [no description available] | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | ||
| phytol [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| proline Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2. | 12.33 | 38 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proline; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cucurbitaceae Cucurbitaceae: The gourd plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is sometimes placed in its own order, Cucurbitales. 'Melon' generally refers to CUCUMIS; CITRULLUS; or MOMORDICA. | 6.26 | 42 | 0 | ||
| procyanidin b3 procyanidin B3 : A proanthocyanidin consisting of two molecules of (+)-catechin joined by a bond between positions 4 and 8' in alpha-configuration. It can be found in red wine, in barley, in beer, in peach or in Jatropha macrantha, the Huanarpo Macho. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | biflavonoid; hydroxyflavan; polyphenol; proanthocyanidin | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| eremomycin aglycone [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| docetaxel anhydrous Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group. | 3.87 | 3 | 0 | secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid | antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent |
| peptide elongation factor 2 Peptide Elongation Factor 2: Peptide Elongation Factor 2 catalyzes the translocation of peptidyl-tRNA from the A site to the P site of eukaryotic ribosomes by a process linked to the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| levofloxacin Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolone antibiotic | antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor |
| aclacinomycin aklavin: antibiotic prepared from culture liquids of streptomycete (A 1129); possessing antiphage activity; structure. aclacinomycin T : An anthracycline that is aklavinone having an alpha-L-rhodosaminyl residue attached at position 4 via a glycosidic linkage. | 3.05 | 5 | 0 | aminoglycoside; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; methyl ester; monosaccharide derivative; phenols; polyketide; tertiary alcohol; tetracenequinones; zwitterion | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| ezetimibe Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.. ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer). | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | azetidines; beta-lactam; organofluorine compound | anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite |
| n-methylserotonin N-methylserotonin: RN given refers to parent cpd. N-methylserotonin : A member of the class of tryptamines that is serotonin in which one of the hydrogens attached to the primary amino group is replaced by a methyl group. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | phenols; tryptamines | human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 2-nitrophenyl-beta-fucoside 2-nitrophenyl-beta-fucoside: RN given refers to (beta-D-)-isomer | 3.4 | 7 | 0 | beta-D-fucoside | |
| glucosyl fluoride glucosyl fluoride: RN given refers to (alpha-D)-isomer | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 4-o-methylglucuronic acid 4-O-methylglucuronic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-hexadecynoic acid 2-hexadecynoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2 | 1 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid | |
| threonic acid threonic acid: RN given refers to (R*,S*)-isomer | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | threonic acid | |
| 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-l-arabinofuranoside [no description available] | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | ||
| tellimagrandin ii tellimagrandin II: isolated from Filipendula palmata; structure in first source | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phosphorodithioic acid dithiophosphoric acid : A phosphorothioic acid that is the phosphoric acid having two of its oxygen atoms replaced by sulfur atoms. | 2 | 1 | 0 | phosphorothioic acid | |
| naphthyl glucuronide naphthyl glucuronide: RN given refers to D-glucosiduronic acid, 1-naphthyl | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; pyrrolidinopiperidine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone | antibacterial drug |
| 10-deacetylbaccatine iii 10-deacetylbaccatine III: structure given in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid | |
| phorbols Phorbols: The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium). | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | diterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent | |
| menisdaurilide menisdaurilide: from Ouratea reticulata structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| spinosin spinosin: isolated from seeds of Ziziph spinosa; structure given in first source. spinosin : A flavone C-glycoside that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 4', a methoxy group at position 7 and a 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 6 via a C-glycosidic linkage. | 2.97 | 4 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; flavone C-glycoside; monomethoxyflavone | anxiolytic drug; plant metabolite |
| leiocarposide leiocarposide: a phenolic bisglucoside from Solidago virgaurea L; a heterodimer of salicin esterified to a methoxy-hydroxy-benzoic acid; RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | glycoside | |
| echinoside a echinoside A: RN given refers to Na salt; structure given in first source | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hydroxyl radical Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent. | 4.43 | 21 | 0 | oxygen hydride; oxygen radical; reactive oxygen species | |
| lactitol lactitol : A glycosyl alditol consisting of beta-D-galactopyranose and D-glucitol joined by a 1->4 glycosidic bond. It is used as a laxative, as an excipient, and as replacement bulk sweetener in some low-calorie foods. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | glycosyl alditol | cathartic; excipient; laxative |
| triflimide triflimide: structure in first source | 7.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| wilforlide a wilforlide A: form Tripterygium regelii; Chinese medicinal plant extract | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| atazanavir sulfate Atazanavir Sulfate: An azapeptide and HIV-PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | organic sulfate salt | |
| rhodioloside [no description available] | 9.53 | 22 | 0 | glycoside | |
| malvidin malvidin: RN given refers to parent cpd; coloring agent from flowers of Malvaviscus conzatti. malvidin : An anthocyanidin cation that is delphinidin carrying methyl substituents at positions 3' and 5'. | 4.84 | 9 | 0 | 5-hydroxyanthocyanidin | biological pigment; metabolite |
| cirsimarin cirsimarin: a flavone glycoside from Microtea debilis; structure given in first source | 3.66 | 9 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| karounidiol karounidiol: structure given in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | organic hydroxy compound | |
| indium trichloride indium trichloride: RN given refers to parent cpd | 3.01 | 4 | 0 | ||
| terephthalamidine terephthalamidine: structure given in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| aklavinone aklavinone: from Streptomyces galilaeus MA 144-M1, strain 3AR-33; structure in first source | 7.9 | 4 | 0 | anthracycline; methyl ester; tertiary alcohol; tetracenequinones | antineoplastic agent |
| aristololactam-glucoside aristololactam-glucoside: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (beta-D-glucopyranosyl) | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| singlet oxygen Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | chalcogen; monoatomic oxygen; nonmetal atom | macronutrient |
| 1-hydroxyaklavinone epsilon-pyrromycinone: structure | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | p-quinones; tetracenes | |
| justicidin a justicidins: from Justica procumbens | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | lignan | |
| lucidin 3-o-beta-primveroside lucidin 3-O-beta-primveroside: structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| aloesin aloesin: UP780 is a preparation of aloesin and an aloe polysaccharide that improves insulin sensitivity; human intestinal bacteria cleaves the C-glucosyl bond; structure given in first source | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | chromones | |
| carbodiimides Carbodiimides: Compounds with the general formula RN=C=NR, where R is a hydrocarbyl group.. methanediimine : A carbodiimide in which both nitrogens are unsubstituted. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | carbodiimide | |
| isosakuranetin isosakuranetin: structure in first source. 4'-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone : A dihydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 and a methoxy group at position 4' (the 2S stereoisomer). | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | (2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; monomethoxyflavanone | plant metabolite |
| matteucinol matteucinol: isolated from leaves of Rhododendron simsii; structure given in first source. matteucinol : A dihydroxyflavanone that is (2S)-flavanone with hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, methyl groups at positions 6 and 8 and a methoxy group at position 4'. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; monomethoxyflavanone | plant metabolite; radical scavenger |
| cycloartane cycloartane : A triterpene that is lanostane in which there is a methylene bridge between the 5- and 9-positions. | 6.77 | 72 | 0 | triterpene | |
| mycaminose [no description available] | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | deoxyglucose derivative; glucosamines | |
| isolariciresinol isolariciresinol: RN given refers to ((1-S-(1alpha,2beta,3alpha))-isomer); structure given in first source. (+)-isolariciresinol : A lignan that is 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol substituted by hydroxymethyl groups at positions 6 and 7, a methoxy group at position 3 and a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl group at position 8. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | guaiacols; lignan; polyphenol; primary alcohol | plant metabolite |
| beta-ureidoisobutyric acid beta-ureidoisobutyric acid: structure given in first source. 3-ureidoisobutyric acid : A ureidocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylpropanoic acid substituted by a carbamoylamino group at position 3. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ureidocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| questin [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyanthraquinone | |
| isoflavanone isoflavanone: structure given in first source; RN from CA Index Guide. isoflavanone : Isoflavone in which the double bond between positions 2 and 3 has been reduced to a single bond. | 8.53 | 2 | 0 | isoflavanones | |
| 2-deoxy-lyxo-hexose 2-deoxy-lyxo-hexose: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nevadensin nevadensin: from Lysionotus pauceflora Maxim; RN & N1 from 9th CI. nevadensin : A trimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6, 8 and 4' and hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 respectively. | 2.66 | 2 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; trimethoxyflavone | plant metabolite |
| sweroside [no description available] | 3.41 | 7 | 0 | glycoside | |
| secologanin (-)-secologanin : An iridoid monoterpenoid that is acetaldehyde in which on of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a 2-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl group which is substituted at positions 3 and 5 by a vinyl and a methoxycarbonyl group, respectively (the 2S,3R,4S stereoisomer). | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde; beta-D-glucoside; enoate ester; methyl ester; pyrans; secoiridoid glycoside | plant metabolite |
| cerous chloride cerous chloride: RN given refers to cpd with MF CeCl3 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | cerium coordination entity | |
| dhurrin dhurrin: cyanogenic glucoside from plant Sorghum; (R)-epimer is taxiphyllin; RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure. (S)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile beta-D-glucoside : A beta-D-glucoside consisting of (S)-prunasin carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 5.31 | 17 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; cyanogenic glycoside; monosaccharide derivative; nitrile | |
| agrimonolide agrimonolide: anticestodal agent from Chinese medicinal plant Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3'-fucosyllactose 3'-fucosyllactose: antiserum against fuc alpha 1-3 gal linkage reacted with human colon adenocarcinoma cells | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ampelopsin ampelopsin: hepatoprotective agent; isolated from Hovenia dulcis; RN given for (2R-trans)-isomer; structure in first source. (+)-dihydromyricetin : An optically active form of dihydromyricetin having (2R,3R)-configuration. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | dihydromyricetin; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite |
| syringopicroside syringopicroside: from leaves of Syringa oblata Lindl.; structure given in first source | 3.86 | 11 | 0 | ||
| 4-amino-4,6-dideoxymannose 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-mannose: structure given in first source; RN refers to (D)-isomer | 2 | 1 | 0 | deoxymannose derivative; mannosamine | |
| myricanone myricanone: from stem bark of Myrica rubra; structure given in first source. Myricanone : A cyclic ketone isolated from the bark of Morella species and has been shown to exhibit cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; cyclic ketone; diarylheptanoid; methoxybenzenes; phenols | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| myricanol myricanol: from stem bark of Myrica rubra; RN given for (R)-isomer; structure given in first source | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| glycyrrhetyl 3-monoglucuronide glycyrrhetyl 3-monoglucuronide: RN given for (3beta,20beta)-isomer. glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-glucuronide : A triterpenoid saponin that is the 3-O-beta-glucuronide of glycyrrhetic acid. It is a metabolite of glycyrrhizin contained in licorice and potentially a causative agent in the pathogenesis of pseudoaldosteronism. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucosiduronic acid; enone; monosaccharide derivative; oxo dicarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; triterpenoid saponin | anti-allergic agent; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite; sweetening agent |
| 2,4,5-trihydroxypentanoic acid gamma-lactone [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ribonolactone | metabolite |
| 2'-hydroxyflavone 2'-hydroxyflavone: isolated from Daphnopsis sellowiana; structure given in first source | 7.41 | 1 | 0 | flavones | |
| fukiic acid fukiic acid: RN given for (S-(R*,S*))-isomer | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid | |
| 4-nitrophenyl-beta-d-mannopyranoside 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-mannopyranoside: see also record for (alpha)-isomer | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| patrinoside patrinoside: obtained from Patrina scabiosaefolia; RN given refers to (1S-(1 alpha,4a alpha,6 alpha,7 alpha,7a alpha))-isomer; structure in 9th CI Form Index | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | terpene glycoside | |
| aloenin aloenin: bitter glucoside constituent of Aloe arborescens; structure given in first source | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | glycoside | |
| isovitexin [no description available] | 4.28 | 17 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; trihydroxyflavone | EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| tulipalin b tulipalin B: RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source. tulipalin B : A member of the class of butan-4-olides that is 3-methylidenebutan-4-olide carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 4 (the 4R-enantiomer) | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 8-o-acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester 8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester: an iridoid glucoside; from Phlomis mongolica Turcz; RN given refers to (1S-(1alpha,4aalpha,5alpha,7alpha,7aalpha))-isomer; structure given in first source | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| secoxyloganin secoxyloganin: from Guettarda playpoda. secoxyloganin : A secoiridoid glycoside that is [(2R,3R,4S)-2-hydroxy-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-3-vinyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]acetic acid in which the anometric hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucoside. It has been isolated from several plant species and exhibits antioxidant and anti-allergic properties. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; dicarboxylic acid monoester; enoate ester; methyl ester; monosaccharide derivative; pyrans; secoiridoid glycoside | anti-allergic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| beta-d-galactopyranosylmethyl-4-nitrophenyltriazene beta-D-galactopyranosylmethyl-4-nitrophenyltriazene: active-site directed irreversible-inhibitor of beta-galactosidase; structure | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| galtamycin galtamycin: isolated from Streptomyces species; shows low antitumor activity; inactive against fungi and gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | ||
| periplocoside a periplocoside A: isolated from Periploca sepium; structure given in first source; MF: C72-H114-O27 | 3.13 | 5 | 0 | ||
| isoindigotin isoindigotin: used in treatment of chronic granulocytic leukemia; structure given in first source | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methylinositol methylinositol: from Ebenus haussknechtii; structure in first source. pinitol : A cyclitol ether formed by etherification of the 3-hydroxy group of chiro-inositol. It is plant metabolite isolated from the leaves of Sutherlandia frutescens.. 1D-4-O-methyl-myo-inositol : A member of the class of methyl myo-inositols that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 (the 1R,2S,3S,4S,5S,6S-isomer).. D-pinitol : The D-enantiomer of pinitol. | 7.78 | 3 | 0 | ||
| androsin androsin: phenol glycoside which prevents allergen & platelet-activating factor induced bronchial obstruction in guinea pigs in vivo prior to inhalation challenge | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | ||
| diplopterol diplopterol: biosyntheside from squalene in a cell-free system for Acetobacter pasteurianum; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | hopanoid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; tertiary alcohol | plant metabolite |
| tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylphosphonium: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tetraphenylphosphonium : A polyatomic cation consisting of four phenyl groups attached to a central phosphonium. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | heteroorganic entity; phosphorus molecular entity; polyatomic cation | |
| 4-nitrophenyl beta-cellobioside 4-nitrophenyl beta-cellobioside: RN given refers to (beta)-isomer; see also (alpha)-anomer: 17400-77-0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 | ||
| proximadiol proximadiol: dicyclic sesquiterpenediol from Cymbopogon proximus with antispasmodic activity | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | eudesmane sesquiterpenoid | metabolite |
| uridine diphosphate 2-deoxyglucose uridine diphosphate 2-deoxyglucose: RN given refers to alpha-D-glucopyranosyl cpd; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not in Chemline 7/85 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| leucrose leucrose: RN given refers to all (D)-isomer. leucrose : A glycosylfructose consisting of an alpha-D-glucopyranosyl residue joined to D-fructopyranose via a (1->5)-linkage. An isomer of sucrose. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| paromomycin Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis. | 3.9 | 13 | 0 | amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic | anthelminthic drug; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug |
| anidulafungin Anidulafungin: Echinocandin antifungal agent that is used in the treatment of CANDIDEMIA and CANDIDIASIS.. anidulafungin : A semisynthetic echinocandin anti-fungal drug. It is active against Aspergillus and Candida species and is used for the treatment of invasive candidiasis. | 2.63 | 2 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal drug; azamacrocycle; echinocandin; heterodetic cyclic peptide; semisynthetic derivative | |
| metaperiodate metaperiodate: RN given refers to periodic acid, Na salt; structure. periodate : A monovalent inorganic anion obtained by deprotonation of periodic acid. | 3.23 | 6 | 0 | iodine oxoanion; monovalent inorganic anion | |
| thiophosphoric acid thiophosphoric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | phosphorothioic acid | |
| 4-nitrophenylmaltoside [no description available] | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | ||
| peiminine peiminine: isolated from Fritillaria verticillata; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha)-isomer | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid | |
| pectolinarin pectolinarin: antihemorrhagic principle from Chinese plant Cirsium japonicum DC.. pectolinarin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of pectolinarigenin substituted by a 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | dimethoxyflavone; disaccharide derivative; glycosyloxyflavone; monohydroxyflavanone; rutinoside | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| boswellic acid boswellic acid: ursane type; RN given refers to (3alpha,4beta)-isomer; active principle of salai guggal; see also record for salai guggal | 7.17 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| tetrahymanol tetrahymanol: minor descriptor (75-82); online & Index Medicus search TRITERPENES (75-82). tetrahymanol : A pentacyclic triterpenoid having a 3beta- (21alpha-) hydroxy-substituted gammacerane structure. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | pentacyclic triterpenoid | |
| beta-solamarine beta-solamarine: RN given refers to (3beta,22beta,25S)-isomer; structure given in first source | 5.02 | 9 | 1 | steroid saponin | |
| desosamine desosamine: RN given for (D-xylo)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | amino sugar | |
| mycarose mycarose: RN given refers to (L-ribo)-isomer; structure given in first source; epi-axenose to lyxo configeration | 2 | 1 | 0 | dideoxyhexose derivative | |
| threitol threitol: RN given refers to (R*,R*)-isomer. D-threitol : The D-enantiomer of threitol. | 2 | 1 | 0 | threitol | human metabolite |
| tracheloside tracheloside: a lignan isolated from the seeds of Arctium lappa and Carthamus tinctorius; structure given in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | glycoside; lignan | metabolite |
| molybdenum blue molybdenum blue: spray reagent prepared by dissolving molybdenum trioxide in H2SO4 & adding powdered molybdenum; for staining phospholipids in thin layer chromatography | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| isoxazolin-5-one isoxazolin-5-one : An isoxazole that is 3-isoxazoline substituted at position 5 by an oxo group. | 7.11 | 1 | 0 | isoxazoles | |
| ristosamine ristosamine: aminosugar component of antibiotic ristomycin; RN given refers to (D-ribo)-isomer; see also acosamine, (L-arabino)-isomer: 41094-24-0 & daunosamine, (L-lyxo)-isomer: 26548-47-0; structure | 7.53 | 2 | 0 | ||
| biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms. | 5.1 | 14 | 0 | biotins; vitamin B7 | coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V). | 3.74 | 10 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II | human metabolite |
| 3-methyladenosine 3-methyladenosine: structure in first source | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| campesterol campesterol: RN refers to (3beta,24R)-isomer; structure | 7.37 | 2 | 0 | 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; C28-steroid; phytosterols | mouse metabolite |
| 4-nitrophenyl maltoheptaoside [no description available] | 3.47 | 8 | 0 | ||
| triptophenolide triptophenolide: structure given in first source | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | oxo steroid | |
| pinoresinol diglucoside pinoresinol diglucoside: major antihypertensive principle of Tu-Chung (Eucummia ulmoides, Oliver); structure | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | ||
| n-hydroxytyrosine N-hydroxytyrosine: structure. N-hydroxytyrosine : An L-tyrosine derivative obtained by replacement of one of the amino hydrogen by a hydroxy group. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | L-tyrosine derivative; N-hydroxy-alpha-amino-acid | |
| 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium: structure given in first source. 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium : A 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium in which the alkyl substituent at C-1 is ethyl. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium | |
| atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3. | 4.43 | 7 | 0 | ||
| lignin Lignin: The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). lignin : A polyphenylpropanoid derived from three monolignol monomers: trans-p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferol and trans-sinapyl alcohol. There is extensive cross-linking and no defined primary structure. | 11.64 | 28 | 0 | ||
| urdamycin b urdamycin B: angucycline antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces fradiae strain Tu 2717; structure given in first source; RN not in Chemline 4/87; RN from Chem Abstracts Index Guide | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | oligosaccharide | |
| oleanolic acid 3-o-monoglucuronide oleanolic acid 3-O-monoglucuronide: structure given in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucosiduronic acid | |
| paris saponin vii Paris saponin VII: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from Trillium tschonoskii; structure in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| erlotinib hydrochloride [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride; terminal acetylenic compound | antineoplastic agent; protein kinase inhibitor |
| 2'-hydroxyflavanone [no description available] | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
| organophosphonates hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid. | 3.98 | 14 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; phosphite ion | |
| limonin [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | epoxide; furans; hexacyclic triterpenoid; lactone; limonoid; organic heterohexacyclic compound | inhibitor; metabolite; volatile oil component |
| psyllium Psyllium: Dried, ripe seeds of PLANTAGO PSYLLIUM; PLANTAGO INDICA; and PLANTAGO OVATA. Plantain seeds swell in water and are used as demulcents and bulk laxatives. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | very long-chain fatty acid | |
| medioresinol medioresinol: has both leishmanicidal and antifungal activities; isolated from Sambucus williamsii; structure in first source. (-)-medioresinol : A lignan that is tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl group at position 1 and a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl group at position 4. It has been isolated from the stems of Sinocalamus affinis. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | dimethoxybenzene; furofuran; lignan; polyphenol | plant metabolite |
| mycosamine mycosamine: structure | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | deoxymannose derivative; mannosamine | |
| kobusin kobusin: from flower buds of Magnolia fargesii; structure in first source. demethoxyaschantin : A member of the class of furofurans that is tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan-1-yl]-1,3-benzodioxole carrying an additional 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl substituent at position 4. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxoles; dimethoxybenzene; furofuran; lignan | plant metabolite |
| schaftoside schaftoside: structure in first source. schaftoside : A C-glycosyl compound that is apigenin substituted by beta-D-glucopyranosyl and an alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl moieties at positions 6 and 8 via C-glycosidic linkages. | 4.24 | 15 | 0 | ||
| scutellarin scutellarin: see scutellarein for aglycone. scutellarin : The glycosyloxyflavone which is the 7-O-glucuronide of scutellarein. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | glucosiduronic acid; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; proteasome inhibitor |
| 6-o-veratroyl catalpol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dihydroresveratrol dihydroresveratrol: structure in first source. dihydroresveratrol : A stilbenol that is 1,1'-ethane-1,2-diyldibenzene with hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 4'. | 7.1 | 1 | 0 | stilbenol | plant metabolite; xenobiotic metabolite |
| aflatoxin b1 Aflatoxin B1: A potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus flavus group of fungi. It is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and causes immunosuppression in animals. It is found as a contaminant in peanuts, cottonseed meal, corn, and other grains. The mycotoxin requires epoxidation to aflatoxin B1 2,3-oxide for activation. Microsomal monooxygenases biotransform the toxin to the less toxic metabolites aflatoxin M1 and Q1.. aflatoxin B1 : An aflatoxin having a tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene skeleton with oxygen functionality at positions 1, 4 and 11. | 3.25 | 6 | 0 | aflatoxin; aromatic ether; aromatic ketone | carcinogenic agent; human metabolite |
| glycitin glycitin: structure in first source. glycitin : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 6, a hydroxy group at position 4' and a beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy group at position 7. | 2.54 | 2 | 0 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside; hydroxyisoflavone; methoxyisoflavone; monosaccharide derivative | plant metabolite |
| oleuropeic acid oleuropeic acid: structure in first source | 7.43 | 2 | 0 | ||
| cirsimaritin cirsimaritin: has antagonist or partial agonist activity on benzodiazepine receptors. cirsimaritin : A dimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 4' respectively. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; dimethoxyflavone | |
| 4-aminophenyl beta-lactoside [no description available] | 3.59 | 9 | 0 | ||
| esculentin steroid esculentin steroid: do not confuse with esculentin (antimicrobial peptide) | 5.44 | 19 | 0 | ||
| isochorismic acid isochorismic acid: structure given in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | 5-[(1-carboxyethenyl)oxy]-6-hydroxycyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid | |
| vancosamine vancosamine: amino sugar from vancomycin | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
| maltotriose Porcelite: a light-cured composite resin. alpha-maltotriose : A maltotriose trisaccharide in which the glucose residue at the reducing end is in the pyranose ring form and has alpha configuration at the anomeric carbon atom.. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | maltotriose trisaccharide | human metabolite |
| eudesmane eudesmane: a bicyclododecane; not a napthalene | 3.03 | 4 | 0 | sesquiterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent | |
| glucopyranosylamine glucopyranosylamine: structure given in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| forosamine forosamine: from spiramycin; structure | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | hexosamine; tetradeoxyhexose derivative | |
| n-acetylgalactosaminyl-(1-4)-galactose N-acetylgalactosaminyl-(1-4)-galactose: terminal non-reducing structure in human blood group Sd(a)-active Tamm-Horsfall urinary glycoprotein | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2',3'-epoxypropylglucopyranoside 2',3'-epoxypropylglucopyranoside: active-site directed, irreversible inactivator of yeast hexokinase; structure | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| valienamine valienamine: intermediate formed by microbial degradation of validamycins; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phellamurin phellamurin: flavonone. phellamurin : A member of the class of dihydroflavonols that is (+)-dihydrokaempferol substituted by a prenyl group at position 8 and a beta-D-glucopyranosyl group at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Phellodendron amurense and Commiphora africana, it exhibits inhibition of intestinal P-glycoprotein. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 4'-hydroxyflavanones; beta-D-glucoside; dihydroflavonols; flavanone glycoside; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavanone | metabolite |
| tunicamine tunicamine: structure given in first source | 3.53 | 2 | 0 | ||
| nikkomycin x [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| yemuoside ym(10) yemuoside YM(10): from Stauntonia chinensis Decne; structure given in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tribenoside tribenoside: anti-inflammatory agent used in edema of extremities, varicose veins & phlebitis; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search GLYCOSIDES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 7.33 | 19 | 2 | glycoside | |
| arnottin i arnottin I: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chlorite [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | chlorine oxoanion; monovalent inorganic anion | |
| anabasine Anabasine: A piperidine botanical insecticide.. (S)-anabasine : The (S)-enantiomer of anabasine.. anabasine : A pyridine alkaloid that is pyridine substituted by a piperidin-2-yl group at position 3. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | anabasine | |
| 3-(alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl)-1-methyl-1-nitrosourea [no description available] | 5.78 | 6 | 1 | ||
| lapatinib [no description available] | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | furans; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; quinazolines | antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| albaconazole albaconazole: UR-9825 is the (1R,2R)-isomer; structure in first source | 3.27 | 1 | 0 | ||
| trehalosamine trehalosamine: strucure in first source | 3.12 | 1 | 0 | amino disaccharide; glycosyl glycoside derivative | |
| sorafenib [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas; pyridinecarboxamide | angiogenesis inhibitor; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| odiparcil odiparcil: orally active beta-D-xyloside for the treatment of venous thrombosis in a rat model | 5.16 | 5 | 2 | ||
| phenoxodiol phenoxodiol: a synthetic derivative of DAIDZEIN | 7.82 | 2 | 0 | ||
| benzyl-beta-d-xyloside benzyl-beta-D-xyloside: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer | 3.58 | 9 | 0 | ||
| demecolcine Demecolcine: An alkaloid isolated from Colchicum autumnale L. and used as an antineoplastic.. (-)-demecolcine : A secondary amino compound that is (S)-colchicine in which the N-acetyl group is replaced by an N-methyl group. Isolable from the autumn crocus, Colchicum autumnale, it is less toxic than colchicine and is used as an antineoplastic. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | alkaloid; secondary amino compound | antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent |
| k-strophanthin-beta K-strophanthin-beta: contains beta-glucose, cymarose & strophanthidin | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cholic acid Cholic Acid: A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.. cholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid bearing three alpha-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | 12alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; 7alpha-hydroxy steroid; bile acid; C24-steroid; trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| cymarine Cymarine: A cardiotonic cardiac glycoside found in STROPHANTHUS. The aglycone is STROPHANTHIN. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | ||
| erythritol [no description available] | 4.6 | 10 | 0 | butane-1,2,3,4-tetrol | antioxidant; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| deoxycholic acid Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively. | 9.04 | 15 | 0 | bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid | human blood serum metabolite |
| cortisone [no description available] | 4.14 | 5 | 0 | 11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| colchicoside colchicoside: from colchcium seeds; RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure | 3.81 | 12 | 0 | ||
| eudesmin eudesmin: RN refers to (1R-(1alpha,3aalpha,4alpha,6aalpha))-isomer; structure given in first source; very similar to pinoresinol | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| gmelinol gmelinol: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | lignan | |
| 3-nitrotyrosine 3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | 2-nitrophenols; C-nitro compound; nitrotyrosine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | |
| 5-hydroxymethylfurfural 5-hydroxymethylfurfural: has antisickling activity; HMF is the causative component in honey that affects the presystemic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of GZ in-vivo. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural : A member of the class of furans that is furan which is substituted at positions 2 and 5 by formyl and hydroxymethyl substituents, respectively. Virtually absent from fresh foods, it is naturally generated in sugar-containing foods during storage, and especially by drying or cooking. It is the causative component in honey that affects the presystemic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of GZ in-vivo. | 3.24 | 6 | 0 | arenecarbaldehyde; furans; primary alcohol | indicator; Maillard reaction product |
| propargylamine propargylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lanosterol [no description available] | 8.9 | 12 | 0 | 14alpha-methyl steroid; 3beta-sterol; tetracyclic triterpenoid | bacterial metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| nogalamycin Nogalamycin: An anthrocycline from a Streptomyces nogalater variant. It is a cytolytic antineoplastic that inhibits DNA-dependent RNA synthesis by binding to DNA.. nogalamycin : An anthracycline antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces nogalater. It is a DNA intercalator and exhibits anticancer properties. | 3.74 | 3 | 0 | ||
| anisomycin Anisomycin: An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.. (-)-anisomycin : An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxypyrrolidine; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic | anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; bacterial metabolite; DNA synthesis inhibitor; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| benzofurans Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring. | 6.62 | 63 | 0 | ||
| hellebrigenin hellebrigenin: structure | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lupeol [no description available] | 8.34 | 6 | 0 | pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol | anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite |
| calendula Calendula: A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain CAROTENOIDS, essential oils (OILS, VOLATILE), flavonoids, mucilage, SAPONINS, and STEROLS. The plants are used both topically and internally. The common name of Marigold is also used for TAGETES. | 3.95 | 13 | 0 | ||
| solanine Solanine: A mixture of alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine, found in SOLANACEAE plants.. solanine : A glycoalkaloid poison found in species of the nightshade family (Solanaceae), such as the potato (Solanum tuberosum). It is a trisccharide derivative of solanidine [(22beta)-solanid-5-en-3beta-ol]. | 5.78 | 12 | 0 | ||
| withaferin a withaferin A: an antiestrogen and phytogenic antineoplastic agent isolated from leaves of Withania somnifera Dun.; structure. withaferin A : A withanolide that is 5,6:22,26-diepoxyergosta-2,24-diene-1,26-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 27 (the 4beta,5beta,6beta,22R stereoisomer). Isolated from Physalis longifolia, it exhibits cytotoxic activity. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 27-hydroxy steroid; 4-hydroxy steroid; delta-lactone; enone; epoxy steroid; ergostanoid; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol; withanolide | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer |
| fusicoccin fusicoccin: phytotoxic glycoside from Fusicoccum amydali; structure | 9.11 | 183 | 0 | ||
| 5-formyluracil 5-formyluracil: structure. 5-formyluracil : A pyrimidone resulting from the formal oxidation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 5-hydroxymethyluracil to the corresponding aldehyde. It is a major one-electron photooxidation product of thymine in oligodeoxynucleotides. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde; nucleobase analogue; pyrimidone | human metabolite; mutagen |
| wortmannin [no description available] | 4.04 | 5 | 0 | acetate ester; cyclic ketone; delta-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound | anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Penicillium metabolite; radiosensitizing agent |
| 2-oxindole 2-oxindole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. indolin-2-one : An indolinone carrying an oxo group at position 2. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | gamma-lactam; indolinone | |
| 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one: structure in first source. HBOA : A benzoxazine bearing hydroxy and oxo substituents at positions 2 and 3 respectively. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | benzoxazine; lactam; lactol | allelochemical; plant metabolite |
| n-trifluoroacetyladriamycin N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin: see also record for valerate of above cpd | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| withanolides Withanolides: Ergostane derivatives of 28 carbons with oxygens at C1, C22, and C26 positions and the side chain cyclized. They are found in WITHANIA plant genus and have cytotoxic and other effects. | 3.32 | 6 | 0 | ||
| 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole: inhibits transcript elongation | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rocaglamide rocaglamide: RN refers to (1alpha,2alpha,3beta,3abeta,8bbeta)-isomer; isolated from stems of Aglaia elliptifolia; structure given in first source. rocaglamide : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8b, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 8, a 4-methoxyphenyl group at position 3a, a phenyl group at position 3 and a N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl group at position 1. Isolated from Aglaia odorata and Aglaia duperreana, it exhibits antineoplastic activity. | 7 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid amide; monomethoxybenzene; organic heterotricyclic compound | antileishmanial agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| lariciresinol lariciresinol: found in human urine. (+)-lariciresinol : A lignan that is tetrahydrofuran substituted at positions 2, 3 and 4 by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl, hydroxymethyl and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl groups respectively (the 2S,3R,4R-diastereomer). | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; lignan; oxolanes; phenols; primary alcohol | antifungal agent; plant metabolite |
| medicarpin (-)-medicarpin : The (-)-enantiomer of medicarpin. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | medicarpin | plant metabolite |
| amyrin acetate [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acronine Acronine: A pyrano-acridone alkaloid found in RUTACEAE plants.. acronycine : An alkaloid antineoplastic agent isolated from Acronychia baueri. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | acridone derivatives; alkaloid | antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid: metabolite of caffeic acid; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 3-phenylpropionic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4. Also known as dihydrocaffeic acid, it is a metabolite of caffeic acid and exhibits antioxidant activity. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | (dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid | antioxidant; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| gitoxigenin gitoxigenin: structure | 6.93 | 1 | 0 | 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 16beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid | |
| indole-3-acetonitrile indole-3-acetonitrile: occurs in edible cruciferous vegetables. indole-3-acetonitrile : A nitrile that is acetonitrile where one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1H-indol-3-yl group. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | indoles; nitrile | auxin; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| lobetyolin lobetyolin: from Herba Lobeliae Chinensis | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| murrayafoline a murrayafoline A: structure in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cryptophycin cryptophycin: a potent antitumor cyclic depsipeptide active against drug-resistant cells; from cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) of the genus Nostoc; structure given in first source; | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pomolic acid pomolic acid: from Rosa woodsii & Hyptis capitata; structure in first source | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | triterpenoid | metabolite |
| taurochenodeoxycholic acid Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of chenodeoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as detergent to solubilize fats in the small intestine and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurochenodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurochenodeoxycholic acid arising from deprotonation of the sulfonate OH group; major species at pH 7.3.. taurochenodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of chenodeoxycholic acid. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | bile acid taurine conjugate | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| calcein am calcein AM: a non-fluorescent compound cleaved to a fluorescent compound by non-specific intracellular esterases. calcein am : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is calcein in which all four carboxy group hydrogens have been substituted by (acetyloxy)methoxy groups and the hyrodgens of the two hydroxy groups have been substituted by acetyl groups. It is a a non-fluorescent probe cleaved to a fluorescent probe by non-specific intracellular esterases. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | 2-benzofurans; acetate ester; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; xanthene dye | fluorochrome |
| acetogenins Acetogenins: Polyketides of up to a few dozen carbons in length, formed by chain extension of multiple PROPIONATES and oxygenated to form tetrahydrofuran and lactone rings along the length of the chain. They are found in ANNONACEAE and other PLANTS. Related compounds cyclize to MACROLIDES. | 3.56 | 2 | 0 | ||
| dihydropyridines Dihydropyridines: Pyridine moieties which are partially saturated by the addition of two hydrogen atoms in any position. | 4.21 | 5 | 0 | ||
| lanatosides Lanatosides: Glycosides from DIGITALIS lanata leaf. Lanatoside C has actions similar to DIGOXIN. Mixtures of lanatosides A, B, and C have also been used. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p670) | 3.64 | 10 | 0 | ||
| daunosamine daunosamine: amino sugar moiety common to adriamycin & daunomycin; RN given refers to (L-lyxo)-isomer; see also ristosamine, (L-ribo)-isomer: 51869-30-8 & acosamine, (L-arabino)-isomer: 41094-24-0; structure | 7.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| prosapogenin prosapogenin: RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid saponin | |
| lithium chloride Lithium Chloride: A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.. lithium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a Li(+) counterion. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | inorganic chloride; lithium salt | antimanic drug; geroprotector |
| glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate: An aldotriose which is an important intermediate in glycolysis and in tryptophan biosynthesis.. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate : An aldotriose phosphate that is the 3-phospho derivative of glyceraldehyde. It is an important metabolic intermediate in several central metabolic pathways in all organisms. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate | mouse metabolite |
| 5'-methylthioadenosine 5'-methylthioadenosine: structure. 5'-S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine : Adenosine with the hydroxy group at C-5' substituted with a methylthio (methylsulfanyl) group. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | thioadenosine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues. | 6.16 | 44 | 0 | ||
| sorbose sorbopyranose : The pyranose form of sorbose.. L-sorbopyranose : The L-stereoisomer of sorbopyranose. | 5.13 | 15 | 0 | L-sorbose; sorbopyranose | |
| arabinose [no description available] | 10.88 | 99 | 0 | L-arabinose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| n-acetylneuraminic acid N-Acetylneuraminic Acid: An N-acyl derivative of neuraminic acid. N-acetylneuraminic acid occurs in many polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animals and bacteria. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1518). N-acetylneuraminic acid : An N-acylneuraminic acid where the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl. | 6.45 | 55 | 0 | N-acetylneuraminic acids | antioxidant; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| mannose-6-phosphate beta-D-mannose 6-phosphate : A D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position. | 7.02 | 1 | 0 | D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate | |
| fibrin Fibrin: A protein derived from FIBRINOGEN in the presence of THROMBIN, which forms part of the blood clot. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | peptide | |
| bradykinin [no description available] | 4.66 | 9 | 0 | oligopeptide | human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| canavanine L-canavanine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-homoserine substituted at oxygen with a guanidino (carbamimidamido) group. Although structurally related to L-arginine, it is non-proteinogenic. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite |
| amylopectin Amylopectin: A highly branched glucan in starch.. amylopectin : A polydisperse highly branched polysaccharide derivative composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage. The chains are joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some 6-phosphate ester groups also may occur. The branches in amylopectin typically contain 24 to 30 glucose residues. | 3.77 | 3 | 0 | ||
| hexacyanoferrate iii hexacyanoferrate III: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2. | 10.35 | 176 | 1 | D-glucosamine | Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite |
| polygalacturonic acid galacturonic acid: N1 same as NM; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. D-galactopyranuronic acid : The pyranose form of D-galacturonic acid. D-galacturonic acid : The D-enantiomer of galacturonic acid. It is the main component of pectin. | 3.28 | 6 | 0 | D-galacturonic acid | |
| elastin [no description available] | 4.83 | 6 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
| carnosine polaprezinc: stimulates bone growth | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; dipeptide | anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Daphnia magna metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent |
| mevalonic acid Mevalonic Acid: A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.. mevalonic acid : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mevalonic acid.. (R)-mevalonic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of mevalonic acid. | 10.64 | 15 | 0 | 3,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid | |
| lyxose D-lyxose : Any lyxose having D-configuration.. D-lyxopyranose : The pyranose form of D-lyxose. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | D-lyxose | |
| lichenin [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| raffinose Raffinose: A trisaccharide occurring in Australian manna (from Eucalyptus spp, Myrtaceae) and in cottonseed meal.. raffinose : A trisaccharide composed of alpha-D-galactopyranose, alpha-D-glucopyranose and beta-D-fructofuranose joined in sequence by 1->6 and 1<->2 glycosidic linkages, respectively. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | raffinose family oligosaccharide; trisaccharide | mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| naringenin (S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin. | 11.42 | 20 | 0 | (2S)-flavan-4-one; naringenin | expectorant; plant metabolite |
| epiglucan epiglucan: a highly side-chain/branched alkali-insoluble cell wall glucan from fungus such as Epicoccum nigrum, Botrytis cinerea, ascomycetes & basidiomycetes; also isolated S-4001 from Lei Wan (polyporus mylitiae), HA-beta-glucan from mushroom Pleutotus ostreatus (Fr.) Quel., and translam from seaweed Laminaria cichorioides; with commercially important functional properties including emulsification and friction reduction. | 5.3 | 16 | 0 | ||
| n-acetyllactosamine N-acetyllactosamine: RN given refers to D-isomer. N-acetyllactosamine : A beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the reducing end anomeric centre. | 3.53 | 8 | 0 | beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc | |
| oxytocin Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour. | 7.67 | 3 | 0 | heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone | oxytocic; vasodilator agent |
| laminaran beta-1,3-glucan: component of fungal cell walls; also used as antitumor polysaccharide; unspecified D usually means BETA-GLUCANS; beta-1,3-D-glucan is also available; glucan phosphate is also available; biosynthesis is inhibited by echinocandins (cyclic hexapeptides). laminarin : A polysaccharide composed of beta-(1->3)-linked glucose residues containing sporadic beta-(1->6)-linkages as branch points or inter-residue linkages and 2-3% D-mannitol at some reducing termini. | 3.59 | 8 | 0 | ||
| pantetheine Pantetheine: An intermediate in the pathway of coenzyme A formation in mammalian liver and some microorganisms.. pantetheine : An amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of pantothenic acid and the amino group of cysteamine. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | pantetheines; thiol | human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| theanine theanine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer; precursor of ethylamine; found in green tea. N(5)-ethyl-L-glutamine : A N(5)-alkylglutamine where the alkyl group is ethyl. It has been isolated from green tea. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; N(5)-alkyl-L-glutamine | geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: Intracellular messenger formed by the action of phospholipase C on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which is one of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is released into the cytoplasm where it releases calcium ions from internal stores within the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. These calcium ions stimulate the activity of B kinase or calmodulin. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | myo-inositol trisphosphate | mouse metabolite |
| ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus. | 11.96 | 59 | 0 | 11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone | anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| salicin [no description available] | 4.43 | 22 | 0 | aromatic primary alcohol; aryl beta-D-glucoside; benzyl alcohols | antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug |
| allose [no description available] | 7.36 | 2 | 0 | allopyranose; D-allose | antioxidant |
| scopolin [no description available] | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; coumarins; monosaccharide derivative | plant metabolite |
| puromycin [no description available] | 5.3 | 18 | 0 | puromycins | antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor; nucleoside antibiotic; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| stachyose stachyose: RN given refers to parent cpd. stachyose : A tetrasaccharide consisting of sucrose having an alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactosyl moiety attached at the 6-position of the glucose. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | raffinose family oligosaccharide; tetrasaccharide | mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| taxifolin (+)-taxifolin : A taxifolin that has (2R,3R)-configuration. | 3.18 | 5 | 0 | taxifolin | metabolite |
| xylobiose xylobiose: RN given refers to D-xylose. xylobiose : A glycosylxylose that is D-xylopyranose having a beta-D-xylopyranosyl residue attached at position 4 via a glycosidic bond. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | glycosylxylose | bacterial metabolite |
| isomaltulose 6-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-fructofuranose : A glycosylfructose that is D-fructofuranose attached to a alpha-D-glucopyranosyl unit at position 6 via a glycosidic linkage. It is found in honey and sugarcane. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | glycosylfructose | animal metabolite; plant metabolite; sweetening agent |
| maltohexaose alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-D-Glcp : A maltohexaose hexasaccharide consisting of five alpha-D-glucopyranose residues and a D-glucopyranose residue joined in sequence by (1->4) glycosidic bonds. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | maltohexaose hexasaccharide | |
| mannuronic acid mannuronic acid: hydrolysis product of alginic acids from ALGAE; has anti-inflammatory activity. D-mannopyranuronic acid : The pyranose form of D-mannonic acid. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | D-mannonic acid | |
| maltotetraose alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-D-Glcp : A maltotetraose tetrasaccharide consisting of three alpha-D-glucopyranose residues and a D-glucopyranose residue joined in sequence by (1->4) glycosidic bonds. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | maltotetraose tetrasaccharide | |
| tartaric acid tartaric acid: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. D-tartaric acid : The D-enantiomer of tartaric acid. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | tartaric acid | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| hemoglobin randwick hemoglobin Randwick: unstable beta chain hemoglobin variant; Try replaced by Gly on beta chain 15(A12). (1->4)-beta-D-mannan : A mannan composed from D-mannan residues joined by beta-(1->4) linkages.. beta-D-mannose : A D-mannopyranose in which the anomeric centre has beta-configuration.. (1->2)-beta-D-mannan : A mannan consisting of repeating mannosyl units joined via beta-(1->2)-linkages. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | D-mannopyranose | epitope |
| nicotinamide-beta-riboside N-ribosylnicotinamide : A pyridine nucleoside consisting of nicotinamide with a beta-D-ribofuranosyl moiety at the 1-position. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | N-glycosylnicotinamide; pyridine nucleoside | geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 5-o-methyl-myo-inositol 1D-5-O-methyl-myo-inositol : A member of the class of methyl myo-inositols that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 (the 1R,2S,3r,4R,5S,6r-stereoisomer). | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | cyclohexanols | |
| n-glycolylneuraminic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid: RN given refers to (all-D)-isomer | 4.05 | 4 | 0 | N-acylneuraminic acid | |
| nitroarginine Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | guanidines; L-arginine derivative; N-nitro compound; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | |
| mannosamine mannosamine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. D-mannosamine : The D-enantiomer of mannosamine.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-mannopyranose : A D-mannosamine in cyclic pyranose form. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | D-mannosamine | |
| cholesteryl glucoside cholesteryl glucoside: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 4.39 | 3 | 0 | monosaccharide derivative; sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside | |
| inositol 3-phosphate inositol 3-phosphate: RN given refers to (myo)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate: found in proteinase I from Dictyostelium discoideum. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate : A N-acyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate in which the acyl group specified is acetyl.. 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate : A N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate that is 2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose 1-(dihydrogen phosphate) substituted by an acetamido group at position 2. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| eriodictyol eriodictyol: structure. eriodictyol : A tetrahydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4' respectively. | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavanones; tetrahydroxyflavanone | |
| pelargonidin pelargonidin: influences flower phenotype. pelargonidin : An anthocyanidin cation that is flavylium substituted by a hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5, 7 and 4'. | 3.98 | 13 | 0 | 5-hydroxyanthocyanidin | plant metabolite |
| leucocyanidin leucocyanidin: derived from dihydro-quercetin and a precursor to cyanidin; for treatment of hemorroids | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin; leucocyanidin | |
| elymoclavine elymoclavine: ergot alkaloid isolated from cultures of fungi parasitic on Elymis mollis Trin; toxic alkaloid produced by Claviceps purpurea; structure | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid | |
| arabinofuranose arabinofuranose: structure in first source. L-arabinofuranose : The five-membered ring form of L-arabinose. | 8.57 | 8 | 0 | L-arabinose | |
| arbutin hydroquinone O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A monosaccharide derivative that is hydroquinone attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4 via a glycosidic linkage. | 5.96 | 42 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative | Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite |
| fructans (2->6)-beta-D-fructan : A fructan compound consisting of repeating (2->6)-beta-linked fructofuranose units. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| cellulase Cellulase: An endocellulase with specificity for the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-glucosidic linkages in CELLULOSE, lichenin, and cereal beta-glucans.. beta-cellotriose : A cellotriose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position. | 6.12 | 40 | 0 | cellotriose | |
| gulose gulose: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. gulopyranose : The pyranose form of gulose.. gulose : An aldohexose that is the C-3 epimer of galactose. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | D-aldohexose; D-gulose; gulopyranose | |
| psicose, (d)-isomer [no description available] | 3.14 | 1 | 0 | monosaccharide | |
| iduronate Iduronic Acid: Component of dermatan sulfate. Differs in configuration from glucuronic acid only at the C-5 position.. iduronic acid : A member of the class of iduronic acids that is the major uronic acid component of the dermatan sulfate and heparin.. idopyranuronic acid : The pyranose form of iduronic acid.. L-idopyranuronic acid : The L-stereoisomer of idopyranuronic acid.. L-iduronic acid : Any iduronic acid having L-configuration. | 7.89 | 4 | 0 | idopyranuronic acid; L-iduronic acid | |
| strychnine Strychnine: An alkaloid found in the seeds of STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA. It is a competitive antagonist at glycine receptors and thus a convulsant. It has been used as an analeptic, in the treatment of nonketotic hyperglycinemia and sleep apnea, and as a rat poison.. strychnine : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that is strychnidine bearing a keto substituent at the 10-position. | 4.6 | 8 | 0 | monoterpenoid indole alkaloid; organic heteroheptacyclic compound | avicide; cholinergic antagonist; glycine receptor antagonist; neurotransmitter agent; rodenticide |
| quinidine Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy. | 4.03 | 3 | 1 | cinchona alkaloid | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker |
| griseofulvin Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment. | 3.45 | 2 | 0 | 1-benzofurans; antibiotic antifungal drug; benzofuran antifungal drug; organochlorine compound; oxaspiro compound | antibacterial agent; Penicillium metabolite |
| monensin Monensin: An antiprotozoal agent produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. It exerts its effect during the development of first-generation trophozoites into first-generation schizonts within the intestinal epithelial cells. It does not interfere with hosts' development of acquired immunity to the majority of coccidial species. Monensin is a sodium and proton selective ionophore and is widely used as such in biochemical studies.. monensin A : A spiroketal, monensin A is the major component of monensin, a mixture of antibiotic substances produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. An antiprotozoal, it is used as the sodium salt as a feed additive for the prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and as a growth promoter in cattle. | 3.84 | 12 | 0 | cyclic hemiketal; monocarboxylic acid; polyether antibiotic; spiroketal | antifungal agent; coccidiostat; ionophore |
| mycothiol mycothiol: a glyco-inositol-cysteine found in MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS which conjugates exogenous compounds for detoxication; it is a microbe counterpart to eucaryotic GLUTATHIONE; acted on by mycothiol disulfide reductase and mycothiol S-conjugate amidase and MDF dehydrogenase;. mycothiol S-conjugate : Any S-conjugate of mycothiol.. mycothiol : A pseudodisaccharide, 1D-myo-inosityl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, in which the hydroxy group at the 2-position of the glucose moiety is replaced by an (N-acetyl-L-cysteinyl)amido group. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| digitoxin Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain. | 9.28 | 154 | 1 | cardenolide glycoside | EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor |
| pentazocine Pentazocine: The first mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic to be marketed. It is an agonist at the kappa and sigma opioid receptors and has a weak antagonist action at the mu receptor. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1991, p97) | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | benzazocine | |
| miglitol [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | piperidines | |
| saponarin saponarin: structure in first source. 7-O-(beta-D-glucosyl)isovitexin : A C-glycosyl compound that is isovitexin in which the hydroxyl hydrogen at position 7 is replaced by a beta-D-glucosyl residue. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; dihydroxyflavone; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative | metabolite |
| lotaustralin lotaustralin: higher homologue of linamarin from flax; a cyanogenic glycoside; RN given refers to (R)-isomer; structure | 4.95 | 12 | 0 | cyanogenic glycoside | |
| phalloidine Phalloidine: Very toxic polypeptide isolated mainly from AMANITA phalloides (Agaricaceae) or death cup; causes fatal liver, kidney and CNS damage in mushroom poisoning; used in the study of liver damage.. phalloidin : A homodetic bicyclic heptapeptide having a sulfide bridge. | 2.86 | 4 | 0 | homodetic cyclic peptide | |
| indican [no description available] | 7.65 | 3 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; exopolysaccharide; indolyl carbohydrate | |
| pancratistatin pancratistatin: an isocarbostyril from Amaryllidaceae | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | citraconoyl group | |
| peonidin peonidin: a COX-2 inhibitor with protein kinase inhibitory and phytogenic antineoplastic activities; RN given for chloride salt. peonidin : An anthocyanidin cation that is flavylium bearing four hydroxy substituents at positions 3, 4', 5 and 7 as well as a methoxy substituent at position 3'. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | 5-hydroxyanthocyanidin | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; metabolite |
| petunidin petunidin: RN given for chloride salt. petunidin : An anthocyanidin cation that is flavylium bearing five hydroxy substituents at positions 3, 3', 4', 5 and 7 as well as a methoxy substituent at position 5'. | 2.91 | 3 | 0 | 5-hydroxyanthocyanidin | plant metabolite |
| chaparrin chaparrin: isolated from Castela texana; structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| stigmast-7-enol stigmast-7-enol: RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | steroid | |
| convallatoxin convallatoxin: PI: *CONVALLARIA (73-79). convallatoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that consists of strophanthidin having a 6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl (L-rhamnosyl) group attached at position 3. | 3.2 | 6 | 0 | 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 19-oxo steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; steroid aldehyde; steroid lactone | metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| digitalin digitalin: RN given refers to (3beta,5beta,16beta)-isomer | 6.93 | 1 | 0 | cardenolide glycoside | |
| helveticoside helveticoside: structure. helveticoside : A cardenolide glycoside that consists of strophanthidin having a digitoxosyl group attached at position 3. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; cardenolide glycoside; digitoxoside; monosaccharide derivative; steroid aldehyde; steroid lactone | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite |
| neriifolin neriifolin: structure in first source; RN given refers to alpha-L-glucopyranosyl(3beta,5beta)-isomer. neriifolin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxigenin in which the hydroxy goup at position 3 has been converted to its (6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-glucopyranoside derivative. Found in the seeds of Cerbera odollamand in Thevetia ahouia and Thevitia neriifolia. | 2.33 | 2 | 0 | cardenolide glycoside | cardiotonic drug; neuroprotective agent; toxin |
| rhodexin a rhodexin A: isolated from Rhodea japonica; structure in first source | 3.1 | 5 | 0 | ||
| deltonin [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| furostanol i furostanol I: from Dioscorea deltoidea; intermediate in in vivo diosgenin biosynthesis; structure given in first source. protodioscin : A spirostanyl glycoside that consists of the trisaccharide alpha-L-Rha-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Rha-(1->2)]-beta-D-Glc attached to position 3 of 26-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3beta,22-dihydroxyfurost-5-ene via a glycosidic linkage. Found in several plant species including yams, asparagus and funugreek. | 3.33 | 6 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; cyclic hemiketal; pentacyclic triterpenoid; steroid saponin; trisaccharide derivative | metabolite |
| ruscogenin ruscogenin: basic sapogenin of Ruscus sp.; RN given refers to (1 beta,3 beta,25R)-isomer | 2 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| ginsenoside re [no description available] | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; disaccharide derivative; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; nephroprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| ginsenoside rg1 [no description available] | 3.56 | 2 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid; beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid | neuroprotective agent; pro-angiogenic agent |
| beta-hederin beta-hederin: derived from beta-amyrin; other hederigenin based saponins are available | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| notoginsenoside r1 notoginsenoside R1 : A ginsenoside found in Panax notoginseng that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside and beta-D-glucopyranoside respectively, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 3.01 | 4 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; disaccharide derivative; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid | antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; neuroprotective agent; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite |
| 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone: from Aquilaria sinensis; structure given in first source. 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone : A member of the class of chromones that is chromone which is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group at position 2. It is found in agarwood, a fragrant resinous heartwood obtained from certain trees in the genus Aquilaria. | 7.6 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; chromones | plant metabolite |
| khelloside khelloside: structure given in first source | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| ferruginol ferruginol: structure in first source. ferruginol : An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted by a hydroxy group at positions 12. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound; meroterpenoid; phenols | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite; protective agent |
| stevioside stevioside: Kaurene glucoside from leaves of Stevia rebaudiana; 300 times as sweet as sugar. stevioside : A diterpene glycoside that is rubusoside in which the hydroxy group at position 2 of the allylic beta-D-glucoside has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucoside. It is a natural herbal sweetener that is 250-300 times sweeter than sucrose (though with a bitter aftertaste), extracted from the Stevia rebaudiana plant native to South America.. diterpene glycoside : A terpene glycoside in which the terpene moiety is a diterpenoid. | 8.76 | 63 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; bridged compound; diterpene glycoside; ent-kaurane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; sweetening agent |
| decursin decursin: activates protein kinase C; isolated from the root of Angelica gigas; RN given for (S)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | coumarins | |
| afzelechin afzelechin: from Hovenia dulcis; structure in first source. afzelechin : A tetrahydroxyflavan that is (2S)-flavan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5, 7 and 4' respectively. | 2.8 | 3 | 0 | catechin; tetrahydroxyflavan | EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| asebogenin asebogenin: from Piper longicaudatum; structure in first source. asebogenin : A member of the class of dihydrochalcones that is the 4'-methyl ether derivative of phloretin. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | dihydrochalcones | plant metabolite |
| genipin [no description available] | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | iridoid monoterpenoid | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cross-linking reagent; hepatotoxic agent; uncoupling protein inhibitor |
| naringin [no description available] | 6.2 | 25 | 0 | (2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; neohesperidoside | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| isonaringin isonaringin: structure in first source. narirutin : A disaccharide derivative that is (S)-naringenin substituted by a 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 3.66 | 9 | 0 | (2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; rutinoside | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; metabolite |
| swertiamarin swertiamarin: seco-iridoid glucoside from Swertia japonica; | 4.87 | 11 | 0 | glycoside | |
| neoastilbin neoastilbin: from rhizoma smilacis glabrae; structure in first source. neoastilbin : A flavanone glycoside that is (-)-taxifolin substituted by a alpha-L-rhamnosyl moiety at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; alpha-L-rhamnoside; flavanone glycoside; monosaccharide derivative; tetrahydroxyflavanone | |
| Rhododendrin rhododendrin: isolated from leaves of Rhododendron plants; has anti-inflammatory properties | 2.89 | 3 | 0 | glycoside | |
| tremulacin tremulacin: extracted from Folia Populus tomentosa Carr; structure given in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | glycoside | |
| cucurbitine cucurbitine: active ingredient from pumpkin seeds; should not be confused with cucurbitin (globulin); RN given refers to (R)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | |
| vicenin ii vicenin: isolated from the leaves of the Indian plant Ocimum sanctum were tested for their radioprotective effect in mice. isovitexin 8-C-beta-glucoside : A C-glycosyl compound that is isovitexin in which the hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a beta-D-glucosyl residue. | 3.24 | 5 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; trihydroxyflavone | metabolite |
| casuarinin casuarinin: a hydrolyzable tannin from the bark of Terminalia arjuna (Combretaceae) | 2.69 | 2 | 0 | tannin | |
| tellimagrandin i tellimagrandin I: isolated from Filipendula palmata; RN given for (D)-isomer | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | tannin | |
| knipholone knipholone: a binary compound of the anthraquinone chrysophanol and an acetylphloroglucinol. knipholone : An anthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 6, a methyl group at position 2 and a 3-acetyl-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl group at position 1. It exhibits antioxidant, cytotoxic and antiplasmodial activities. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; dihydroxyanthraquinone; methoxybenzenes; methyl ketone; polyphenol; resorcinols | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiplasmodial drug; leukotriene antagonist; metabolite |
| gingerol gingerol: an active ingredient in GINGER along with SHOGAOL. a nonvolatile methoxy phenyl decanone. gingerol : A beta-hydroxy ketone that is 5-hydroxydecan-3-one substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl moiety at position 1; believed to inhibit adipogenesis. It is a constituent of fresh ginger. | 3.01 | 2 | 0 | beta-hydroxy ketone; guaiacols | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| alpha-chaconine alpha-chaconine: glycoside of solanidine; structure in 5th source | 4.28 | 3 | 0 | glycoalkaloid; steroid saponin | |
| theogallin theogallin: structure in first source. theogallin : A gallate ester resulting from the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (5R)-hydroxy group of (-)-quinic acid (i.e. the hydroxy group on the same side of the cyclohexane ring as the carboxy group). | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | gallate ester; monocarboxylic acid; tertiary alcohol | |
| lignans Lignans: A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed) | 14.9 | 300 | 8 | ||
| acanthoside b acanthoside B: isolated from the herb Huanghuaren; RN given refers to (1S-(1alpha,3aalpha,4alpha,6aalpha))-isomer | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside | metabolite |
| spinosyn a spinosyn A: a macrolide ; structure in first source. spinosyn A : A spinosyn in which the sugar amino and hydroxy groups are globally methylated. One of the two active ingredients of spinosad. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | spinosyn insecticide; spinosyn | pediculicide |
| acriflavine Acriflavine: 3,6-Diamino-10-methylacridinium chloride mixt. with 3,6-acridinediamine. Fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-c-methylerythritol 4-phosphate 2-C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate: structure in first source | 2.8 | 3 | 0 | tetritol phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | tripeptide | |
| geniposidic acid [no description available] | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | terpene glycoside | |
| epiafzelechin epiafzelechin: antioxidant; 3'-deoxy form of epicatechin; structure in first source. (-)-epiafzelechin : A catechin derivative having (2R,3R)-configuration. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | catechin | plant metabolite |
| petunidin-3-glucoside [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | anthocyanin cation; aromatic ether; beta-D-glucoside | antioxidant; metabolite |
| malvidin-3-glucoside malvidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : An anthocyanin cation consisting of malvidin having a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at the 3-hydroxy position. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | anthocyanin cation; aromatic ether; beta-D-glucoside | metabolite |
| isoshinanolone isoshinanolone: from crude extracts; structure in first source | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | tetralins | |
| kerriamycin b kerriamycin B: from a streptomycete; structure given in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | angucycline antibiotic | antineoplastic agent |
| medigoxin Medigoxin: A semisynthetic digitalis glycoside with the general properties of DIGOXIN but more rapid onset of action. Its cardiotonic action is prolonged by its demethylation to DIGOXIN in the liver. It has been used in the treatment of congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE). | 5 | 5 | 2 | cardenolide glycoside | |
| betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds. | 4.04 | 14 | 0 | cyclodextrin | |
| acetyl coenzyme a Acetyl Coenzyme A: Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | acyl-CoA | acyl donor; coenzyme; effector; fundamental metabolite |
| e-z cinnamic acid cinnamic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that consists of acrylic acid bearing a phenyl substituent at the 3-position. It is found in Cinnamomum cassia.. trans-cinnamic acid : The E (trans) isomer of cinnamic acid | 4.36 | 19 | 0 | cinnamic acid | plant metabolite |
| ergosterol [no description available] | 5.83 | 17 | 0 | 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; ergostanoid; phytosterols | fungal metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. | 3.77 | 11 | 0 | retinoic acid; vitamin A | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule |
| arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid. | 8.61 | 9 | 0 | icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid | Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| alpha-cyclodextrin alpha-cyclodextrin : A cycloamylose composed of six alpha-(1->4) linked D-glucopyranose units. | 3.28 | 6 | 0 | cyclodextrin | |
| farnesol Farnesol: A colorless liquid extracted from oils of plants such as citronella, neroli, cyclamen, and tuberose. It is an intermediate step in the biological synthesis of cholesterol from mevalonic acid in vertebrates. It has a delicate odor and is used in perfumery. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). (2-trans,6-trans)-farnesol : The (2-trans,6-trans)-stereoisomer of farnesol.. farnesol : A farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-2,6,10-triene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 1. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | farnesol | plant metabolite |
| 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA : An alpha,omega dicarboxyacyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with one of the carboxy groups of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid.. (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA : A 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA where the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl component has (S)-configuration. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA; 3-hydroxy fatty acyl-CoA | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration. | 5.66 | 23 | 0 | resveratrol | antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified). | 9.05 | 15 | 0 | retinol; vitamin A | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| oleic acid Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry. | 3.73 | 10 | 0 | octadec-9-enoic acid | antioxidant; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; solvent |
| tacrolimus Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis. | 5.64 | 6 | 3 | macrolide lactam | bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent |
| ferulic acid ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid. | 4.35 | 19 | 0 | ferulic acids | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; MALDI matrix material; plant metabolite |
| pectins Pectins: High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell walls together. They are used as emulsifiers and stabilizers in the food industry. They have been tried for a variety of therapeutic uses including as antidiarrheals, where they are now generally considered ineffective, and in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.. alpha-D-galacturonic acid : The alpha-anomer of D-galacturonic acid. | 5.36 | 18 | 0 | D-galactopyranuronic acid | |
| eicosapentaenoic acid icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17. | 4.48 | 1 | 1 | icosapentaenoic acid; omega-3 fatty acid | anticholesteremic drug; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; Daphnia galeata metabolite; fungal metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| mycophenolic acid Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | 2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; monocarboxylic acid; phenols | anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; xenobiotic |
| mupirocin Mupirocin: A topically used antibiotic from a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. It has shown excellent activity against gram-positive staphylococci and streptococci. The antibiotic is used primarily for the treatment of primary and secondary skin disorders, nasal infections, and wound healing.. mupirocin : An alpha,beta-unsaturated ester resulting from the formal condensation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid with the carboxy group of (2E)-4-[(2S)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid in which the tetrahydropyranyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by hydroxy groups and at position 5 by a {(2S,3S)-3-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl]oxiran-2-yl}methyl group. Originally isolated from the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, it is used as a topical antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections. | 3.09 | 1 | 0 | alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester; epoxide; monocarboxylic acid; oxanes; secondary alcohol; triol | antibacterial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| clindamycin Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| keratan sulfate Keratan Sulfate: A sulfated mucopolysaccharide initially isolated from bovine cornea. At least two types are known. Type I, found mostly in the cornea, contains D-galactose and D-glucosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit; type II, found in skeletal tissues, contains D-galactose and D-galactosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit.. keratan sulfate : A sulfated glycosaminoglycan, a linear polymer that consists of the repeating disaccharide [3)-beta-Gal-(1->4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1->] and containing sulfo groups located at random positions.. keratan 6'-sulfate : A keratan sulfate with random sulfation at the 6'-position. | 4.17 | 5 | 0 | ||
| lycopene [no description available] | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | acyclic carotene | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| zithromax Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections. | 3.29 | 5 | 0 | macrolide antibiotic | antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| adenylosuccinate aspartyl adenylate: RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| formycin [no description available] | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | formycin | antineoplastic agent |
| cefoxitin Tn antigen: immediate precursor in biosynthesis of Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) antigen; present in about 90% of human carcinoma tissue; proposed as universal carcinoma marker. O-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl)-L-serine : A non-proteinogenic L-amino acid that is N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine linked via an alpha glycosidic bond to the O at position 3 of L-serine. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | L-serine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | tumour antigen |
| geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate: RN given refers to (E,E,E)-isomer. geranylgeranyl diphosphate : A polyprenol diphosphate having geranylgeranyl as the polyprenyl component.. 2-trans,6-trans,10-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate : The all-trans-isomer of geranylgeranyl diphosphate. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | geranylgeranyl diphosphate | mouse metabolite |
| isofagomine [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | piperidines | |
| mannobiose beta-mannobiose : The beta-isomer of mannobiose. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | mannobiose | |
| cytidine monophosphate n-acetylneuraminic acid Cytidine Monophosphate N-Acetylneuraminic Acid: A nucleoside monophosphate sugar which donates N-acetylneuraminic acid to the terminal sugar of a ganglioside or glycoprotein.. CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acid : A nucleotide sugar used as a donor by glycosyltransferases for the synthesis of sugar chains | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | CMP-N-acyl-beta-neuraminic acid | mouse metabolite |
| adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide) Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide): A stable adenosine A1 and A2 receptor agonist. Experimentally, it inhibits cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity.. N-ethyl-5'-carboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by an N-ethylcarboxamido group. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide | adenosine A1 receptor agonist; adenosine A2A receptor agonist; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| violaxanthin violaxanthin: a carotene epoxide that is precursor to capsanthin; one of 3 xanthophylls involved in evolution of plastids of green plants (oxygen evolution); 3 (violaxanthin, zeaxanthin & antheraxanthin) participate in series of photo-induced interconversions known as ''violaxanthin cycle''; structure; cleavage of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoids (violaxanthin) to xanthoxin, catalyzed by 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, is the key regulatory step of ABSCISIC ACID biosynthesis. violaxanthin : An epoxycarotenol that is 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-5,6:5',6'-diepoxy-beta,beta-carotene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 3'. It is the naturally occurring xanthophyll pigment found in a variety of plants.. all-trans-violaxanthin : The all-trans-stereoisomer of violaxanthin. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | violaxanthin | food colouring |
| diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | olefinic compound; polyphenol | antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inducer; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; endocrine disruptor; xenoestrogen |
| 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-d-mannopyranoside 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside: see also record for (beta)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| zeatin Zeatin: An aminopurine factor in plant extracts that induces cell division. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dict, 5th ed) | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | zeatin | plant metabolite |
| 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid, (s)-isomer lycoperodine-1: from Cirsium setosum; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| imidazolidines [no description available] | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | azacycloalkane; imidazolidines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent | |
| aclarubicin Aclarubicin: An anthracycline produced by Streptomyces galilaeus. It has potent antineoplastic activity.. aclacinomycin A : An anthracycline antibiotic that is produced by Streptomyces galilaeus and also has potent antineoplastic activity. | 4.44 | 7 | 0 | aminoglycoside; anthracycline; methyl ester; phenols; polyketide; tetracenequinones; trisaccharide derivative; zwitterion | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor |
| taribavirin [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase-containing molecular entity | |
| trachelogenin trachelogenin: structure in first source | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | lignan | |
| steviol steviol: aglucon of stevioside; RN given refers to (4alpha)-isomer. steviol : An ent-kaurane diterpenoid that is 5beta,8alpha,9beta,10alpha-kaur-16-en-18-oic acid in which the hydrogen at position 13 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. | 8.51 | 92 | 0 | bridged compound; ent-kaurane diterpenoid; monocarboxylic acid; tertiary allylic alcohol; tetracyclic diterpenoid | antineoplastic agent |
| iridoids Iridoids: A type of MONOTERPENES, derived from geraniol. They have the general form of cyclopentanopyran, but in some cases, one of the rings is broken as in the case of secoiridoid. They are different from the similarly named iridals (TRITERPENES). | 9.69 | 223 | 0 | ||
| valrubicin [no description available] | 3.46 | 2 | 0 | anthracycline; trifluoroacetamide | |
| laminaran laminaran: beta-1,3-glucan | 3.06 | 4 | 0 | ||
| dactinomycin Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015) | 6.95 | 22 | 0 | actinomycin | mutagen |
| gamma-sitosterol clionasterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is poriferast-5-ene carrying a beta-hydroxy substituent at position 3. | 4.83 | 33 | 0 | 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; phytosterols | marine metabolite; plant metabolite |
| tiazofurin tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase). | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; C-glycosyl compound; monocarboxylic acid amide | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; prodrug |
| 3-(1-deoxyribofuranosyl)benzamide 3-(1-deoxyribofuranosyl)benzamide: structure given in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| azaserine Azaserine: Antibiotic substance produced by various Streptomyces species. It is an inhibitor of enzymatic activities that involve glutamine and is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent.. azaserine : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of diazoacetic acid with the alcoholic hydroxy group of L-serine. An antibiotic produced by a Streptomyces species. | 3.49 | 2 | 0 | carboxylic ester; diazo compound; L-serine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | antifungal agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; glutamine antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite |
| melphalan Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | L-phenylalanine derivative; nitrogen mustard; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent |
| enkephalin, leucine Enkephalin, Leucine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from MET-ENKEPHALIN in the LEUCINE at position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.. Leu-enkephalin : A pentapeptide comprising L-tyrosine, glycine, glycine, L-phenylalanine and L-leucine residues joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is an endogenous opioid peptide produced in vertebrate species, including rodents, primates and humans that results from decomposition of proenkephalin or dynorphin and exhibits antinociceptive properties. | 2 | 1 | 0 | pentapeptide; peptide zwitterion | analgesic; delta-opioid receptor agonist; human metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; rat metabolite |
| schizandrin schizandrin: a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan; schizandra is the plant name | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| l 743,872 [no description available] | 3.02 | 4 | 0 | ||
| dibekacin Dibekacin: Analog of KANAMYCIN with antitubercular as well as broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.. dibekacin : A kanamycin that is kanamycin B lacking the 3- and 4-hydroxy groups on the 2,6-diaminosugar ring. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | kanamycins | antibacterial agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| euscaphic acid euscaphic acid: isolated from medicinal plant, Euscaphis japonica Pax.; structure; RN given refers to 2alpha,3alpha-isomer. euscaphic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 19 respectively (the 2alpha,3alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata. | 2.75 | 3 | 0 | hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; triol | plant metabolite |
| cinnamtannin b-1 cinnamtannin B-1: COX2 Inhibitor from bay wood and bark of Cinnamomum cassia; structure in second source. cinnamtannin B-1 : A proanthocyanidin found in Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum zeylanicum. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | proanthocyanidin | cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| streptothricins Streptothricins: A group of antibiotic aminoglycosides differing only in the number of repeating residues in the peptide side chain. They are produced by Streptomyces and Actinomyces and may have broad spectrum antimicrobial and some antiviral properties.. streptothricin : An N-glycosyl compound consisting of 2-amino-4-O-carbamoyl-2-deoxy-N-[(3aS,7R,7aS)-7-hydroxy-4-oxooctahydro-2H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-ylidene]-beta-D-gulopyranosylamine in which the amino group at position 2 of the gulopyranosyl moiety is acylated by a peptide unit made up of between 1 and 7 N(epsilon)-linked units of beta-lysine. | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| micafungin Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy. | 3.97 | 2 | 1 | antibiotic antifungal drug; echinocandin | antiinfective agent |
| shikonin shikonin: a naphthazarin; has antineoplastic and angiogenesis inhibiting activities | 7.05 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone | |
| 8-prenylnaringenin 8-prenylnaringenin: a phytogenic antineoplastic agent; structure in first source. sophoraflavanone B : A trihydroxyflavanone that is (S)-naringenin having a prenyl group at position 8. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | (2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; trihydroxyflavanone | plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| ascosteroside ascosteroside: isolated from the culture broth of Ascotricha amphitricha; structure given in first source | 3.11 | 5 | 0 | ||
| 23-hydroxytormentic acid 23-hydroxytormentic acid: from the unripe fruits of Rubus coreanus (Rosaceae); structure in first source. 19alpha-hydroxyasiatic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is asiatic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 19. It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; tetrol | anti-inflammatory agent; plant metabolite |
| grandinin grandinin: structure in first source | 3.3 | 6 | 0 | ||
| riboflavin vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms). | 10.05 | 14 | 0 | flavin; vitamin B2 | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fundamental metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite |
| likviriton liquiritin: isoalted from Glycyrrhizae radix. liquiritin : A flavanone glycoside that is liquiritigenin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4' via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.5 | 2 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; flavanone glycoside; monohydroxyflavanone; monosaccharide derivative | anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; plant metabolite |
| sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt | antacid; food anticaking agent |
| sodium chlorate sodium chlorate : An inorganic sodium salt that has chlorate as the counter-ion. An oxidising agent, it is used for bleaching paper and as a herbicide. It is also used in the manufacture of dyes, explosives and matches. | 3.26 | 6 | 0 | chlorate salt; inorganic sodium salt | herbicide |
| sodium acetate, anhydrous Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| ammonium acetate ammonium acetate : An ammonium salt obtained by reaction of ammonia with acetic acid. A deliquescent white crystalline solid, it has a relatively low melting point (114degreeC) for a salt. Used as a food acidity regulator, although no longer approved for this purpose in the EU. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | acetate salt; ammonium salt | buffer; food acidity regulator |
| 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl-n-oxyl 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl-N-oxyl: structure given in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | aminoxyls; pyrrolidinecarboxamide | |
| potassium fluoride potassium fluoride : A fluoride salt having K+ as the counterion. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | fluoride salt; potassium salt | NMR chemical shift reference compound; poison |
| oxazolidine oxazolidine: structure given in first source | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | oxazolidine | |
| bromochloroacetic acid Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.. bromochloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by bromine while a second is replaced by chlorine. A low-melting (27.5-31.5degreeC), hygroscopic crystalline solid, it can be formed during the disinfection (by chlorination) of water that contains bromide ions and organic matter, so can occur in drinking water as a byproduct of the disinfection process. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 2-bromocarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound | |
| calix(4)arene calix(4)arene: a cyclophane consisting of four phenolic units linked by methylene groups; structure in first source | 4.22 | 5 | 0 | ||
| tris(perfluorophenyl)borane tris(perfluorophenyl)borane: structure in first source | 2.66 | 2 | 0 | ||
| glucuronamide glucuronamide: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. beta-D-glucuronamide : A monosaccharide derivative that is the carboxamide of beta-D-glucuronic acid | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid amide; monosaccharide derivative | |
| carbenoxolone sodium Carbenoxolone: An agent derived from licorice root. It is used for the treatment of digestive tract ulcers, especially in the stomach. Antidiuretic side effects are frequent, but otherwise the drug is low in toxicity. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| camalexin camalexin : An indole phytoalexin that is indole substituted at position 3 by a 1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; indole phytoalexin | metabolite |
| lyngbyaloside b lyngbyaloside B: a glycoside macrolide from a Palauan marine cyanobacterium, Lyngbya sp.; structure in first source | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| nemorosone [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hirsutanone hirsutanone: from methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Viscum cruciatum (Viscaceae) | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | diarylheptanoid | |
| cinnamaldehyde 3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | 3-phenylprop-2-enal; cinnamaldehydes | antifungal agent; EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; sensitiser; vasodilator agent |
| trans-4-coumaric acid hydroxycinnamic acid : Any member of the class of cinnamic acids carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. trans-4-coumaric acid : The trans-isomer of 4-coumaric acid.. 4-coumaric acid : A coumaric acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-4 of the phenyl ring. | 3.83 | 11 | 0 | 4-coumaric acid | food component; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| geraniol [no description available] | 3.49 | 8 | 0 | 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol; monoterpenoid; primary alcohol | allergen; fragrance; plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| chalcone trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone. | 6.69 | 23 | 0 | chalcone | EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor |
| sinapinic acid sinapinic acid: a matrix for matrix-assisted laser desorption technique for protein MW determination; a constituent of propolis. trans-sinapic acid : A sinapic acid in which the double bond has trans-configuration. | 3.18 | 5 | 0 | sinapic acid | MALDI matrix material; plant metabolite |
| isomethyleugenol Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 10.44 | 181 | 0 | isomethyleugenol | |
| teucrol teucrol: from Teucrium pilosum; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| citral citral: Xref geranial: geraniol is also available; Xref neral: nerol is also available; vitamin A antagonist; oxygenated monoterpene; inhibits cytosolic dehydrogenases; structure. citral : An enal that consists of octa-2,6-dienal bearing methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7. A mixture of the two geometric isomers geranial and neral, it is the major constituent (75-85%) of oil of lemon grass, the volatile oil of Cymbopogon citratus, or of C. flexuosus. It also occurs in oils of verbena, lemon, and orange. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | enal; monoterpenoid; polyprenal | plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| beta-ionone beta-ionone: stimulator of carotenogenesis; carotenoid inhibitor; intermediate in synthesis of Vit A; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. beta-ionone : An ionone that is but-3-en-2-one substituted by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group at position 4. | 2.5 | 2 | 0 | ionone | antioxidant; fragrance |
| retinaldehyde Retinaldehyde: A diterpene derived from the carotenoid VITAMIN A which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is the prosthetic group of RHODOPSIN (i.e., covalently bonded to ROD OPSIN as 11-cis-retinal). When stimulated by visible light, rhodopsin transforms this cis-isomer of retinal to the trans-isomer (11-trans-retinal). This transformation straightens-out the bend of the retinal molecule and causes a change in the shape of rhodopsin triggering the visual process. A series of energy-requiring enzyme-catalyzed reactions convert the 11-trans-retinal back to the cis-isomer.. all-trans-retinal : A retinal in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. | 3.56 | 8 | 0 | retinal; vitamin A | gap junctional intercellular communication inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| piperine piperine : A N-acylpiperidine that is piperidine substituted by a (1E,3E)-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-oxopenta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is an alkaloid isolated from the plant Piper nigrum. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | benzodioxoles; N-acylpiperidine; piperidine alkaloid; tertiary carboxamide | food component; human blood serum metabolite; NF-kappaB inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| squalene Addavax: an oil-water nanoemulsion and adjuvant containing squalene, Tween 80, and sorbitane trioleate | 3.05 | 5 | 0 | triterpene | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene. | 8 | 84 | 0 | stilbene | |
| isoliquiritigenin [no description available] | 7.73 | 3 | 0 | chalcones | antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; GABA modulator; geroprotector; metabolite; NMDA receptor antagonist |
| coumestan coumestan: structure in first source. coumestan : A member of the class of coumestans that is 6H-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromene substituted by an oxo group at position 6. | 7.5 | 2 | 0 | coumestans; delta-lactone | phytoestrogen; plant metabolite |
| phenyl-n-tert-butylnitrone phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone: a spin-trapping agent | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| curvularin curvularin: from Penicillium Baradicum Baghdadi; structure | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| propolin c propolin C: a PAK1 inhibitor; from Taiwanese propolis; structure in first source. nymphaeol A : A tetrahydroxyflavanone that is (2S)-flavanone substituted by hydroxy group at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4' and a geranyl group at position 6. Isolated from Macaranga tanarius and propolis collected in Okinawa, it exhibits radical scavenging activity. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 4'-hydroxyflavanones; tetrahydroxyflavanone | metabolite; radical scavenger |
| xanthohumol xanthohumol: from hop plant, Humulus lupulus. xanthohumol : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 2' and 4', a methoxy group at position 6' and a prenyl group at position 3'. Isolated from Humulus lupulus, it induces apoptosis in human malignant glioblastoma cells. | 8.93 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; chalcones; polyphenol | anti-HIV-1 agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.3.1.20 (diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| sorbic acid Sorbic Acid: Mold and yeast inhibitor. Used as a fungistatic agent for foods, especially cheeses.. (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid : A sorbic acid having trans-double bonds at positions 2 and 4; a food preservative that can induce cutaneous vasodilation and stinging upon topical application to humans. It is the most thermodynamically stable of the four possible geometric isomers possible, as well as the one with the highest antimicrobial activity.. sorbic acid : A hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4; it has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; sorbic acid | |
| flavin-adenine dinucleotide Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide: A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972) | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | flavin adenine dinucleotide; vitamin B2 | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prosthetic group |
| n-acetylneuraminoyllactose [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cannabidiol Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | olefinic compound; phytocannabinoid; resorcinols | antimicrobial agent; plant metabolite |
| arginine vasopressin Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. | 2 | 1 | 0 | vasopressin | cardiovascular drug; hematologic agent; mitogen |
| pyrophosphate Diphosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups. | 7.88 | 4 | 0 | diphosphate ion | |
| palmitoyl coenzyme a Palmitoyl Coenzyme A: A fatty acid coenzyme derivative which plays a key role in fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis.. palmitoyl-CoA : A long-chain fatty acyl-CoA resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of hexadecanoic acid with the thiol group of coenzyme A. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 11,12-saturated fatty acyl-CoA; 3-substituted propionyl-CoA; long-chain fatty acyl-CoA; palmitoyl bioconjugate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| mannose 1-phosphate D-mannose 1-phosphate : A mannose phosphate that is D-mannose carrying a phosphate group at position 1. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | mannose phosphate | fundamental metabolite; human metabolite |
| dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate: RN given refers to (R-(R*,S*))-isomer. sphinganine 1-phosphate : A sphingoid 1-phosphate that is the monophosphorylated derivative of sphinganine. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | sphingoid 1-phosphate | mouse metabolite |
| amygdalin [no description available] | 7.13 | 26 | 1 | ||
| lanatoside c lanatoside C: RN given refers to (3beta,5beta,12beta)-isomer | 7.62 | 3 | 0 | ||
| adenophostin b adenophostin B: structure given in first source; an inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate agonist isolated from Penicillium brevicompactum | 2 | 1 | 0 | disaccharide phosphate | |
| isopropyl thiogalactoside Isopropyl Thiogalactoside: A non-metabolizable galactose analog that induces expression of the LAC OPERON.. isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside : An S-glycosyl compound consisting of beta-D-1-thiogalactose having an isopropyl group attached to the anomeric sulfur. | 3.69 | 10 | 0 | S-glycosyl compound | |
| n-octyl-beta-d-thioglucopyranoside n-octyl-beta-D-thioglucopyranoside: new non-ionic detergent that is more stable than n-octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside | 2 | 1 | 0 | S-glycosyl compound | |
| sorangicin a sorangicin A: RNA polymerase inhibitor; isolated from Sorangium cellulosum; structure given in first source; RN not in Chemline 5/87; RN from Chemical Abstracts Index Guide | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nsc 4347 NSC 4347: structure in first source | 3.81 | 10 | 0 | ||
| sesquiterpenes [no description available] | 9.09 | 150 | 0 | ||
| mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. | 7.86 | 4 | 0 | aryl thiol; purines; thiocarbonyl compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent |
| 3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene 3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: demethyl derivative of isorhapontigenin; structure in first source; a Syk kinase inhibitor; found in heartwood of FABACEAE; inhibitor of photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts; may be inhibitor of plant growth; RN given refers to (E)-isomer. piceatannol : A stilbenol that is trans-stilbene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4, while the other phenyl group is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5. | 2.79 | 3 | 0 | catechols; polyphenol; resorcinols; stilbenol | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| thioinosine Thioinosine: Sulfhydryl analog of INOSINE that inhibits nucleoside transport across erythrocyte plasma membranes, and has immunosuppressive properties. It has been used similarly to MERCAPTOPURINE in the treatment of leukemia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p503) | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phenylthiourea Phenylthiourea: Phenylthiourea is a THIOUREA derivative containing a phenyl ring. Depending on their genetic makeup, humans can find it either bitter-tasting or tasteless.. N-phenylthiourea : A member of the class of thioureas that is thiourea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a phenyl group. Depending on their genetic makeup, humans find it either very bitter-tasting or tasteless. This unusual property resulted in N-phenylthiourea being used in paternity testing prior to the advent of DNA testing. | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | thioureas | EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor |
| cycloanthranilylproline cycloanthranilylproline: from myxomycete Fuligo candida; structure in first source | 3.13 | 1 | 0 | benzodiazepine | |
| oxilofrine oxilofrine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | alkylbenzene | |
| caffeic acid trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid. | 4.98 | 36 | 0 | caffeic acid | geroprotector; mouse metabolite |
| methyl caffeate methyl caffeate: from plant Gaillardia pulchella. methyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester formed by the formal condensation of caffeic acid with methyl alcohol. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | alkyl caffeate ester; methyl ester | |
| 4-methoxycinnamic acid [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | cinnamic acids | |
| 2-mercaptobenzimidazole 2-mercaptobenzimidazole: purine synthesis antimetabolite; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid : A methoxycinnamic acid that is trans-cinnamic acid substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3' and 4' respectively. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | methoxycinnamic acid | |
| isoferulic acid isoferulic acid: isomer of ferulic acid; structure. isoferulic acid : A ferulic acid consisting of trans-cinnamic acid bearing methoxy and hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 3 respectively on the phenyl ring. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ferulic acids | antioxidant; biomarker; metabolite |
| isoeugenol trans-isoeugenol : The trans-stereoisomer of isoeugenol. | 7.47 | 2 | 0 | isoeugenol | plant metabolite |
| rhododendrol rhododendrol: structure in first source | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | ||
| tetrahydropalmatine [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa. | 10.92 | 12 | 0 | aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger |
| thiouracil Thiouracil: Occurs in seeds of Brassica and Crucifera species. Thiouracil has been used as antithyroid, coronary vasodilator, and in congestive heart failure although its use has been largely supplanted by other drugs. It is known to cause blood dyscrasias and suspected of terato- and carcinogenesis.. thiouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the oxo group at C-2 is replaced by a thioxo group. | 7.88 | 4 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; thiocarbonyl compound | antithyroid drug; metabolite |
| methimazole Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen. | 4.96 | 2 | 1 | 1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones | antithyroid drug |
| cinnarizine Cinnarizine: A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane; N-alkylpiperazine; olefinic compound | anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist |
| capsaicin ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers. | 8.31 | 6 | 0 | capsaicinoid | non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker |
| oxazolone Oxazolone: Immunologic adjuvant and sensitizing agent. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | ||
| caryophyllene oxide caryophyllene oxide: has butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity; structure in first source. epoxide : Any cyclic ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a 3-membered ring. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | epoxide | metabolite |
| chlorogenic acid caffeoylquinic acid: Antiviral Agent; structure in first source. chlorogenate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of chlorogenic acid; major species at pH 7.3. | 7.25 | 71 | 0 | cinnamate ester; tannin | food component; plant metabolite |
| thioguanine anhydrous Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | 2-aminopurines | anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent |
| digitoxose [no description available] | 7.33 | 2 | 0 | ||
| thiobarbituric acid thiobarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-thiobarbituric acid : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid in which the oxygen at C-2 is replaced by sulfur. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | allergen; reagent |
| thiosemicarbazide thiosemicarbazide: glutamate decarboxylase antagonist; structure given in first source. hydrazinecarbothioamide : A member of the class of thioureas that is thiourea in which a hydrogen of one of the amino groups is replaced by an amino group. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | hydrazines; thiocarboxamide; thioureas | |
| thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur. | 10.16 | 15 | 0 | one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas | antioxidant; chromophore |
| indigo carmine Indigo Carmine: Indolesulfonic acid used as a dye in renal function testing for the detection of nitrates and chlorates, and in the testing of milk.. indigo carmine : An organic sodium salt resulting from the formal condensation of indigo carmine (acid form) with two equivalents of sodium hydroxide. It is an indicator at pH 11.5-14, changing from blue to yellow. | 4.07 | 4 | 0 | ||
| D-fructopyranose [no description available] | 7.67 | 85 | 0 | cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose | sweetening agent |
| potassium oxonate potassium oxonate: used to induce hyperuricemia in mice | 8.01 | 4 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| thioacetamide Thioacetamide: A crystalline compound used as a laboratory reagent in place of HYDROGEN SULFIDE. It is a potent hepatocarcinogen.. thioacetamide : A thiocarboxamide consiting of acetamide having the oxygen replaced by sulfur. | 3.09 | 5 | 0 | thiocarboxamide | hepatotoxic agent |
| tempo TEMPO: structure. TEMPO : A member of the class of aminoxyls that is piperidine that carries an oxidanediyl group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 2, 2, 6, and 6, respectively. | 7.57 | 2 | 0 | aminoxyls; piperidines | catalyst; ferroptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| brij-58 Cetomacrogol: Non-ionic surfactant of the polyethylene glycol family. It is used as a solubilizer and emulsifying agent in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, often as an ointment base, and also as a research tool. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| digoxin Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. | 6.84 | 37 | 2 | cardenolide glycoside; steroid saponin | anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; epitope |
| 1,6-anhydro-beta-glucopyranose 1,6-anhydro-beta-glucopyranose: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer. levoglucosan : A anhydrohexose that is the 1,6-anhydro-derivative of beta-D-glucopyranose. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | anhydrohexose | Arabidopsis thaliana metabolite; biomarker; human metabolite |
| meso-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine, (r-(r*,s*))-isomer diphenylethylenediamine: structure in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ytterbium(iii) triflate [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| epsilon-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-lysine epsilon-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-lysine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1,3-dihydroxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-carboxyphenyl)tetrahydroimidazole 1,3-dihydroxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-carboxyphenyl)tetrahydroimidazole: intermediate in the synthesis of imidazolineoxyl N-oxides; partial structure given in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acid; imidazolines; organic radical | apoptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| tamoxifen [no description available] | 2.54 | 2 | 0 | stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator |
| 4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside 4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside: RN given refers to (beta)-isomer. 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-glucoside : A beta-D-glucoside having a 4-methylumbelliferyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 3.47 | 8 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; coumarins; monosaccharide derivative | chromogenic compound |
| 6-o-(n-heptylcarbamoyl)methylglucoside 6-O-(N-heptylcarbamoyl)methylglucoside: structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nadp [no description available] | 6.2 | 27 | 0 | ||
| scandium triflate scandium triflate: structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| galactal galactal: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure | 3.4 | 7 | 0 | anhydrohexose; glycal | |
| d-glucal [no description available] | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974) | 6.35 | 145 | 0 | ||
| krn 7000 KRN 7000: has an alpha-galactosylceramide structure; structure given in first source. alpha-galactosylceramide : A galactosylceramide in which the galactosyl residue has alpha anomeric conofiguration.. 1-O-(alpha-D-galactosyl)-N-hexacosanoylphytosphingosine : A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. | 8.85 | 11 | 0 | glycophytoceramide; N-acyl-beta-D-galactosylphytosphingosine | allergen; antigen; antineoplastic agent; epitope; immunological adjuvant |
| fusidic acid Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | 11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; steroid acid; steroid antibiotic; sterol ester | EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| lincomycin Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis. | 5.39 | 20 | 0 | carbohydrate-containing antibiotic; L-proline derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide; S-glycosyl compound | antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite |
| valinomycin Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains. | 4.92 | 12 | 0 | cyclodepsipeptide; macrocycle | antimicrobial agent; antiviral agent; bacterial metabolite; potassium ionophore |
| thiopental Thiopental: A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.. thiopental : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of 2-thiobarbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | anticonvulsant; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; sedative; xenobiotic |
| estrone sulfate estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| laccase Laccase: A copper-containing oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 4-benzenediol to 4-benzosemiquinone. It also has activity towards a variety of O-quinols and P-quinols. It primarily found in FUNGI and is involved in LIGNIN degradation, pigment biosynthesis and detoxification of lignin-derived products. | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | ||
| glycylproline Gly-Pro : A dipeptide consisting of L-proline having a glycyl residue attached to its alpha-amino group. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide | metabolite |
| lithium Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER. | 4.1 | 16 | 0 | alkali metal atom | |
| cobaltous chloride cobaltous chloride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; RN in Chemline for cobalt trichloride: 10241-04-0; RN for 60-labeled cpd: 14543-09-0; RN for 57-labeled cpd: 164113-89-1; RN for 58-labeled cpd: 29377-09-1; structure. cobalt dichloride : A cobalt salt in which the cobalt metal is in the +2 oxidation state and the counter-anion is chloride. It is used as an indicator for water in desiccants. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | cobalt salt; inorganic chloride | allergen; calcium channel blocker; sensitiser; two-colour indicator |
| nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen Dioxide: Nitrogen oxide (NO2). A highly poisonous gas. Exposure produces inflammation of lungs that may only cause slight pain or pass unnoticed, but resulting edema several days later may cause death. (From Merck, 11th ed) It is a major atmospheric pollutant that is able to absorb UV light that does not reach the earth's surface. | 3.01 | 2 | 0 | nitrogen oxide | |
| thiouridine Thiouridine: A photoactivable URIDINE analog that is used as an affinity label.. 4-thiouridine : A thiouridine in which the oxygen replaced by sulfur is that at C-4. | 3.75 | 3 | 0 | nucleoside analogue; thiouridine | affinity label; antimetabolite |
| dermatan sulfate Dermatan Sulfate: A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found mostly in the skin and in connective tissue. It differs from CHONDROITIN SULFATE A (see CHONDROITIN SULFATES) by containing IDURONIC ACID in place of glucuronic acid, its epimer, at carbon atom 5. (from Merck, 12th ed). alpha-L-IdopA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc4S : An oligosaccharide sulfate that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-idopyranuronoside.. dermatan sulfate : Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated beta1->4-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units. | 4.43 | 22 | 0 | amino disaccharide; glycosylgalactose derivative; iduronic acids; oligosaccharide sulfate | |
| hydroxylysine Hydroxylysine: A hydroxylated derivative of the amino acid LYSINE that is present in certain collagens.. hydroxylysine : A hydroxy-amino acid in which the amino acid specified is lysine. A "closed" class.. erythro-5-hydroxy-L-lysine : A 5-hydroxylysine consisting of L-lysine having an (R)-hydroxy group at the 5-position.. 5-hydroxylysine : A hydroxylysine that is lysine substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5. | 7.8 | 76 | 0 | 5-hydroxylysine; hydroxy-L-lysine | human metabolite |
| orlistat Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | beta-lactone; carboxylic ester; formamides; L-leucine derivative | anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor |
| quinine [no description available] | 4.16 | 5 | 0 | cinchona alkaloid | antimalarial; muscle relaxant; non-narcotic analgesic |
| kaurenoic acid kaurenoic acid: isolated from leaves of Montanoa tomentosa; structure given in first source. ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid : An ent-kaurane diterpenoid that is ent-kauran-19-oic acid in which a double bond is present at position 16(17); exhibits anticancer and anti-HIV 1 activity. | 7.53 | 2 | 0 | ||
| brassinin [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | dithiocarbamic ester; indole phytoalexin | |
| methyl-n-dansylgalactosaminide methyl-N-dansylgalactosaminide: probe for the combining sites of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-specific lectins; RN given refers to the (alpha-D-Galacto)-isomer | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cystine [no description available] | 2.87 | 4 | 0 | ||
| n,n-dimethylpradimicin fa-2 N,N-dimethylpradimicin FA-2: pradimicin A derivative; structure given in first source | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| micronomicin micronomicin: DE 020 & DE 020 eyedrops both consist of KW 1062, benzalkonium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide & distilled water pH 7.4; RN given refers to parent cpd; see also record for gentamicin C; structure | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | aminoglycoside | |
| hirsutine [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chlormadinol acetate chlormadinol acetate: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pelargonidin-3-glucoside pelargonidin-3-glucoside: structure given in first source; RN given for chloride salt; RN for parent cpd not available 1/93. pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside chloride : A member of the class of anthocyanin chlorides that has pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside as the cationic counterpart. | 2.63 | 2 | 0 | anthocyanin chlorides | |
| 1-deoxynojirimycin 4-o-alpha-d-glucopyranose 4-O-glucopyranosylmoranoline: structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| apramycin apramycin : An aminoglycoside that is 2-deoxystreptamine that is substituted on the oxygen at position 4 by an (8R)-2-amino-8-O-(4-amino-4-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-2,3,7-trideoxy-7-(methylamino)-D-glycero-alpha-D-allo-octodialdo-1,5:8,4-dipyranos-1-yl) group. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | 2-deoxystreptamine derivative; aminoglycoside; organic heterobicyclic compound | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent |
| ki 8110 KI 8110: structure given in first source | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | ||
| calixarenes Calixarenes: Phenolic metacyclophanes derived from condensation of PHENOLS and ALDEHYDES. The name derives from the vase-like molecular structures. A bracketed [n] indicates the number of aromatic rings.. calixarenes : Originally macrocyclic compounds capable of assuming a basket (or "calix") shaped conformation. They are formed from p-hydrocarbyl phenols and formaldehyde. The term now applies to a variety of derivatives by substitution of the hydrocarbon cyclo{oligo[(1,3-phenylene)methylene]}.. calixarene : A macrocycle composed of 1,3-phenylene groups linked by methylene groups. The number of 1,3-phenylene units in the macrocycle is denoted by the "n" in calix[n]arene name. | 5.69 | 10 | 0 | ||
| genipin 1-gentiobioside genipin 1-gentiobioside: from Gardenia fructus (zhi-zi) | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | terpene glycoside | |
| sulfaton sulfaton: Russian drug; structure given in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sesamoside sesamoside: an iridoid glucoside; from Phlomis mongolica Turz; RN given refers to (1aR-(1aalpha,1bbeta,2beta,5abeta,6beta,6aalpha))-isomer; structure given in first source | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acarviosine acarviosine: structure given in first source; the core of acarbose; RN refers to the (R(-))-isomer | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | amino cyclitol; glycoside | |
| phillygenin phillygenin: cytoprotective lignan from Forsythia suspensa; structure in first source | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| demethoxysudachitin demethoxysudachitin: from Lysionotus denticutosus & pauciflorus var. Catifolius | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | ether; flavonoids | |
| olivomycins Olivomycins: A mixture of several closely related glycosidic antibiotics obtained from Actinomyces (or Streptomyces) olivoreticuli. They are used as fluorescent dyes that bind to DNA and prevent both RNA and protein synthesis and are also used as antineoplastic agents. | 4.27 | 3 | 0 | ||
| amanitins Amanitins: Cyclic peptides extracted from carpophores of various mushroom species. They are potent inhibitors of RNA polymerases in most eukaryotic species, blocking the production of mRNA and protein synthesis. These peptides are important in the study of transcription. Alpha-amanitin is the main toxin from the species Amanitia phalloides, poisonous if ingested by humans or animals. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | ||
| cytellin cytellin: a phytosterol preparation of mainly B-sitosterol, that was marketed by Eli Lilly to lower cholesterol 1957 to 1982 | 5.49 | 65 | 0 | ||
| wogonoside wogonoside: from Scutellaria baicalensis; structure in first source. wogonin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide : The glycosyloxyflavone which is the 7-O-glucuronide of wogonin. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucosiduronic acid; glycosyloxyflavone; monohydroxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative | |
| isoschaftoside isoschaftoside: structure in first source. isoschaftoside : A C-glycosyl compound that is apigenin substituted at positions 6 and 8 by alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues respectively. | 4.81 | 9 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; trihydroxyflavone | metabolite |
| aloesaponarin ii aloesaponarin II: structure given in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| onitin onitin: from Onychium siliculosum; structure given in first source; RN from Chem Abst Index Guide 1985; RN not in Chemline 9/85 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | indanones | |
| salinomycin salinomycin: from Streptomyces albus; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | polyketide; spiroketal | animal growth promotant; potassium ionophore |
| cucumarioside cucumarioside: from Cucumaria (sea cucumbers); RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF | 4.27 | 18 | 0 | ||
| ginsenosides ginsenoside : Triterpenoid saponins with a dammarane-like skeleton originally isolated from ginseng (Panax) species. Use of the term has been extended to include semi-synthetic derivatives. | 11.41 | 30 | 0 | ||
| urdamycin c urdamycin C: angucycline antibiotic from Streptomyces fradiae; MF: C33-H30-O12; structure incomplete | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phosphothreonine Phosphothreonine: The phosphoric acid ester of threonine. Used as an identifier in the analysis of peptides, proteins, and enzymes.. O-phospho-L-threonine : A L-threonine derivative phosphorylated at the side-chain hydroxy function. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | L-threonine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; O-phosphoamino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. | 9.67 | 29 | 0 | ||
| sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate. | 4.1 | 16 | 0 | organic sodium salt | detergent; protein denaturant |
| crocin crocin: a free radical scavenger | 3.81 | 3 | 0 | ||
| galactomannan galactomannan: a galectin inhibitor. galactomannan : A heteroglycan consisting of a mannan backbone with galactose side groups. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | oligosaccharide | |
| 3-hydroxyflavanone 3-hydroxyflavanone: structure in first source. 3'-hydroxyflavanone : A monohydroxyflavanone in which the hydroxy group is located at position 3'. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavanones; monohydroxyflavanone | metabolite |
| mtt formazan MTT formazan: a blue MEM-insoluble mitochondrial byproduct; used to determine viability of cells with active mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzymes | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| flavan-3-ol flavan-3-ol: structure in first source | 4.03 | 13 | 0 | hydroxyflavonoid | |
| 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione: A potent excitatory amino acid antagonist with a preference for non-NMDA iontropic receptors. It is used primarily as a research tool. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | quinoxaline derivative | |
| betulafolientriol betulafolientriol: isolated from Betula platyphylla; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (3alpha,12beta)-isomer | 7.68 | 3 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| zinc protoporphyrin ix [no description available] | 2.63 | 2 | 0 | ||
| alpha-chymotrypsin Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side. | 5.99 | 15 | 0 | ||
| ferrostatin-1 ferrostatin-1: inhibits ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death; structure in first source. ferrostatin-1 : An ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-amino-4-(cyclohexylamino)benzoic acid with ethanol. It is a potent inhibitor of ferroptosis, a distinct non-apoptotic form of cell death caused by lipid peroxidation. It is also a radical-trapping antioxidant and has the ability to reduce the accumulation of lipid peroxides and chain-carrying peroxyl radicals. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ethyl ester; primary arylamine; substituted aniline | antifungal agent; antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; radiation protective agent; radical scavenger |
| 17-ketosteroids 17-Ketosteroids: Steroids that contain a ketone group at position 17.. 17-oxo steroid : Any oxo steroid carrying the oxo group at position 17. | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | ||
| naphthoquinones Naphthoquinones: Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups. | 7.17 | 38 | 0 | ||
| lithium tetrafluoroborate [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sodium borohydride sodium borohydride: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt; metal tetrahydridoborate | |
| digitoxigenin Digitoxigenin: 3 beta,14-Dihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digitoxin. Synonyms: Cerberigenin; Echujetin; Evonogenin; Thevetigenin.. digitoxigenin : A 5beta-cardenolide that is 5beta-cardanolide with hydroxy substituents at the 3beta- and 14beta-positions and double bond unsaturation at C(20)-C(22). | 3.75 | 11 | 0 | 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid | |
| osteoprotegerin Osteoprotegerin: A secreted member of the TNF receptor superfamily that negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis. It is a soluble decoy receptor of RANK LIGAND that inhibits both CELL DIFFERENTIATION and function of OSTEOCLASTS by inhibiting the interaction between RANK LIGAND and RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B. | 3.08 | 4 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid | |
| timosaponin b-ii timosaponin B-II: from Anemarrhenae asphodeloides; improved memory and learning dysfunction induced by cerebral ischemia in rats; structure in first source | 2.55 | 2 | 0 | steroid saponin | |
| rhodamine 123 Rhodamine 123: A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30). rhodamine 123(1+) : A cationic fluorescent dye derived from 9-phenylxanthene. | 7.74 | 3 | 0 | organic cation; xanthene dye | fluorochrome |
| myelin basic protein Myelin Basic Protein: An abundant cytosolic protein that plays a critical role in the structure of multilamellar myelin. Myelin basic protein binds to the cytosolic sides of myelin cell membranes and causes a tight adhesion between opposing cell membranes. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | ||
| iodoazomycin arabinoside iodoazomycin arabinoside: marker of tissue hypoxia; structure given in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tetrathiomolybdate tetrathiomolybdate: RN given refers to (MoS4)-2; chelates copper; inhibits CopB copper ATPase and cytokine proteins important for angiogenesis; structure | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diethyl maleate diethyl maleate : A maleate ester resulting from the formal condensation of both carboxy groups of maleic acid with ethanol. A colourless liquid at room temperature (m.p. -10degreeC) with boiling point 220degreeC at 1 atm., it is commonly used as a dienophile for Diels-Alder-type cycloaddition reactions in organic synthesis. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ethyl ester; maleate ester | glutathione depleting agent |
| calceolarioside a calceolarioside A: structure given in first source; isolated from Calceolaria hypericina; induces platelet aggregation | 3.31 | 6 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | |
| calceolarioside b calceorioside B: a cardioprotective agent isolated from Akebia; structure in first source | 2.5 | 2 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | metabolite |
| fraxin fraxin: found in Fraxinus excelsior leaves; structure given in first source. fraxin : A beta-D-glucoside that is fraxetin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl group at position 8 via a glycosidic linkage. It is a natural product isolated from the leaves of Fraxinus excelsior and exhibits potent hepatoprotective effects in vitro and in vivo. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ether; beta-D-glucoside; hydroxycoumarin | anti-inflammatory agent; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| fraxetin fraxetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is 6-methoxycoumarin in which the hydrogens at positions 7 and 8 have been replaced by hydroxy groups. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; hydroxycoumarin | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; apoptosis inhibitor; Arabidopsis thaliana metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; hypoglycemic agent |
| eupatilin eupatilin: isolated from Artemisia argyi. eupatilin : A trimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at C-5 and C-7 and methoxy groups at C-6, C-3' and C-4' respectively. Isolated from Citrus reticulata and Salvia tomentosa, it exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer and antineoplastic activities. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; trimethoxyflavone | anti-inflammatory agent; anti-ulcer drug; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| quercetin 3-o-glucuronide quercetin 3-O-glucuronide: structure in first source. miquelianin : A quercetin O-glycoside that consists of quercetin attached to a beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl moiety at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Salvia and Phaseolus vulgaris, it exhibits antioxidant and antidepressant activities. | 2.83 | 3 | 0 | beta-D-glucosiduronic acid; quercetin O-glycoside | antidepressant; antioxidant; metabolite |
| catechin gallate catechin gallate: structure in first source. (+)-catechin-3-O-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3S)-hydroxy group of (+)-catechin. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol | metabolite |
| sphingosine sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4. | 7.22 | 21 | 0 | sphing-4-enine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| quercetin [no description available] | 14.06 | 427 | 8 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| ubiquinone q2 Ubiquinone Q2: interacts with iron atom to form acceptor quinone complex; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ubiquinones | |
| bilirubin [no description available] | 9.03 | 15 | 0 | biladienes; dicarboxylic acid | antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. | 4.73 | 28 | 0 | prostaglandins E | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic |
| dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| coniferin coniferin : A monosaccharide derivative that is coniferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; cinnamyl alcohol beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative | plant metabolite |
| biochanin a [no description available] | 2.95 | 4 | 0 | 4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones | antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| formononetin [no description available] | 5.39 | 13 | 1 | 4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones | phytoestrogen; plant metabolite |
| 12-oxophytodienoic acid 12-oxophytodienoic acid: structure given in first source; a jasmonate precursor that induces phytoalexin synthesis | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | carbocyclic fatty acid; olefinic fatty acid; oxo carboxylic acid | |
| vitexin [no description available] | 5.18 | 14 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; trihydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| acacetin 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-methyl ether derivative of apigenin. | 4.27 | 17 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone | anticonvulsant; plant metabolite |
| apigenin Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia. | 9.51 | 113 | 1 | trihydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| luteolin [no description available] | 5.55 | 66 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavonoid; tetrahydroxyflavone | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist |
| 7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone 7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone: isolated from Astragali radix; structure in first source. calycosin : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones that is 7-hydroxyisoflavone which is substituted by an additional hydroxy group at the 3' position and a methoxy group at the 4' position. | 3.43 | 6 | 0 | 4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones | antioxidant; metabolite |
| linoleic acid Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed). linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry. | 3.63 | 9 | 0 | octadecadienoic acid; omega-6 fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia galeata metabolite; plant metabolite |
| calcitriol dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes | 5.24 | 9 | 0 | D3 vitamins; hydroxycalciol; triol | antineoplastic agent; antipsoriatic; bone density conservation agent; calcium channel agonist; calcium channel modulator; hormone; human metabolite; immunomodulator; metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| psychosine [no description available] | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | glycosylsphingoid | human metabolite |
| quercitrin [no description available] | 4.54 | 24 | 0 | alpha-L-rhamnoside; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glycoside; tetrahydroxyflavone | antileishmanial agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| scopoletin [no description available] | 3.74 | 10 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | plant growth regulator; plant metabolite |
| vomifoliol blumenol A: a phytotoxin isolated from Oryza sativa Awaakamai; structure in first source. vomifoliol : A fenchane monoterpenoid that is 3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one substituted by a hydroxy and a (1E)-3-hydroxybut-1-en-1-yl group at position 4.. (6S,9R)-vomifoliol : A (6S)-vomifoliol with a R configuration for the hydroxy group at position 9. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | (6S)-vomifoliol | metabolite; phytotoxin |
| vitamin k semiquinone radical vitamin K semiquinone radical: found in active preparations of vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. vitamin K : Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors. | 3.33 | 7 | 0 | ||
| beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues. | 6.3 | 18 | 0 | carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene | antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A |
| 11-cis-retinal Rhodopsin: A purplish-red, light-sensitive pigment found in RETINAL ROD CELLS of most vertebrates. It is a complex consisting of a molecule of ROD OPSIN and a molecule of 11-cis retinal (RETINALDEHYDE). Rhodopsin exhibits peak absorption wavelength at about 500 nm.. 11-cis-retinal : A retinal having 2E,4Z,6E,8E-double bond geometry. | 3.27 | 6 | 0 | retinal | chromophore; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| leukotriene c4 Leukotriene C4: The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene C4 : A leukotriene that is (5S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid in which a glutathionyl group is attached at position 6 via a sulfide linkage. | 2 | 1 | 0 | leukotriene | bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| thromboxane a2 Thromboxane A2: An unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2. The compound has a bicyclic oxaneoxetane structure. It is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. It is the principal component of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS).. thromboxane A2 : A thromboxane which is produced by activated platelets and has prothrombotic properties: it stimulates activation of new platelets as well as increases platelet aggregation. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | epoxy monocarboxylic acid; thromboxanes A | mouse metabolite |
| coniferaldehyde coniferaldehyde: from aqueous extract of Senra incana. coniferyl aldehyde : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is cinnamaldehyde substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | cinnamaldehydes; guaiacols; phenylpropanoid | antifungal agent; plant metabolite |
| feruloyltyramine feruloyltyramine: structure given in first source; isolated from Cannabis sativa seeds, roots, leaves, and resin; induces hypothermia and motor incoordination in mice; moupinamide is (E)-isomer | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | tyramines | metabolite |
| herbacetin herbacetin: from Ramose Scouring Rush Herb; structure in first source. herbacetin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is kaempferol substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8. It is a natural flavonoid from flaxseed which exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. | 3.41 | 1 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| hymecromone Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID. | 5.71 | 83 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | antineoplastic agent; hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor |
| luteolin-7-glucoside luteolin-7-glucoside: has both antiasthmatic and antineoplastic activities; has 3C protease inhibitory activity; isolated from Ligustrum lucidum. luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 3.1 | 4 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| gossypetin gossypetin: inhibits activity of penicillinase enzyme in E coli. gossypetin : A hexahydroxyflavone having the hydroxy groups placed at the 3-, 3'-, 4'-, 5- 7- and 8-positions. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; hexahydroxyflavone | plant metabolite |
| rosin rosin: Resin from plant. Do not confuse with the specific compound: 3-phenyl-2-propenyl-(E)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, also know as rosin. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chrysoeriol chrysoeriol: isolated from leaves of Eurya japonica & E. emarginata. 4',5,7-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone : The 3'-O-methyl derivative of luteolin. | 8.83 | 11 | 0 | monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite |
| quercetin 3-o-methyl ether quercetin 3-O-methyl ether: from Rhamnus species; structure in first source. 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone : A tetrahydroxyflavone having the 4-hydroxy groups located at the 3'- 4'- 5- and 7-positions as well as a methoxy group at the 2-position. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | monomethoxyflavone; tetrahydroxyflavone | antimicrobial agent; metabolite |
| apigetrin apigetrin: structure given in first source. apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is apigenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; dihydroxyflavone; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative | antibacterial agent; metabolite; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| alprostadil [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | prostaglandins E | anticoagulant; human metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| apiin apiin: structure. apiin : A beta-D-glucoside having a beta-D-apiosyl residue at the 2-position and a 5,4'-dihydroxyflavon-7-yl moiety at the anomeric position. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; dihydroxyflavone; glycosyloxyflavone | EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| (all-e) phytoene (all-E) phytoene: C40 carotenoid biosynthesized in bacteria; minor descriptor (75-84); EP to CAROTENOIDS (85); on-line & Index Medicus search CAROTENOIDS (75-85); RN given refers to (all-trans)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation. all-trans-phytoene : The all-trans-isomer of phytoene. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | phytoene | plant metabolite |
| vitamin d 2 Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-ergostane; vitamin D | bone density conservation agent; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; rodenticide |
| stigmasterol stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol: isolated from freeze-dried powder of Blackberries (Rubus ursinus L.) which showed an activity on inhibition of chemocarcinogen. stigmasterol : A 3beta-sterol that consists of 3beta-hydroxystigmastane having double bonds at the 5,6- and 22,23-positions. | 4.45 | 22 | 0 | 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; phytosterols; stigmastane sterol | plant metabolite |
| cholecalciferol Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | D3 vitamins; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; steroid hormone | geroprotector; human metabolite |
| sinapaldehyde sinapyl aldehyde: structure in first source. (E)-sinapaldehyde : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is cinnamaldehyde substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and methoxy groups at positions 3 and 5. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | cinnamaldehydes; dimethoxybenzene; phenols | antifungal agent; plant metabolite |
| quercetin 3-o-glucopyranoside quercetin 3-O-glucopyranoside: structure in first source. quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Lepisorus contortus, it exhibits antineoplastic activityand has been found to decrease the rate of polymerization and sickling of red blood cells | 3.32 | 6 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; tetrahydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antipruritic drug; bone density conservation agent; geroprotector; histamine antagonist; osteogenesis regulator; plant metabolite |
| rutin Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders. | 11.46 | 115 | 4 | disaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; rutinoside; tetrahydroxyflavone | antioxidant; metabolite |
| kaempferol [no description available] | 7.16 | 131 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; flavonols; tetrahydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 6-ketoprostaglandin f1 alpha 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha: The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue.. 6-oxoprostaglandin F1alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha that is prostaglandin F1alpha bearing a keto substituent at the 6-position. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| alpha-linolenic acid linolenic acid : A two-membered subclass of octadecatrienoic acid comprising the (9Z,12Z,15Z)- and (6Z,9Z,12Z)-isomers. Linolenic acids are nutrients essential to the formation of prostaglandins and are also used in making paints and synthetic resins.. linolenate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of either alpha- or gamma-linolenic acid. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | linolenic acid; omega-3 fatty acid | micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| naringenin chalcone naringenin chalcone: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified stereoisomer & from CA Vol 92 Form Index; RN for cpd not in Chemline 7/6/83; structure in first source. 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2' ,4, 4', and 6' respectively. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | chalcones; polyphenol | anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; metabolite |
| genistein [no description available] | 8.07 | 38 | 2 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| amphotericin b Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections. | 9.96 | 12 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal drug; macrolide antibiotic; polyene antibiotic | antiamoebic agent; antiprotozoal drug; bacterial metabolite |
| kava Kava: Dried rhizome and roots of Piper methysticum, a shrub native to Oceania and known for its anti-anxiety and sedative properties. Heavy usage results in some adverse effects. It contains ALKALOIDS; LACTONES; kawain, methysticin, mucilage, STARCH, and yangonin. Kava is also the name of the pungent beverage prepared from the plant's roots. | 3.82 | 3 | 0 | ||
| jasmonic acid jasmonic acid: a derivative of alpha-linolenic acid that has a role in plant response to herbivory analogous to the role of prostanoids in inflammation in mammals;. jasmonic acid : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is (3-oxocyclopentyl)acetic acid substituted by a (2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl group at position 2 of the cyclopentane ring. | 10.38 | 17 | 0 | oxo monocarboxylic acid | jasmonates; plant metabolite |
| butein [no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | chalcones; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; radiosensitizing agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| astaxanthine astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | carotenol; carotenone | animal metabolite; anticoagulant; antioxidant; food colouring; plant metabolite |
| azafrin azafrin: constituent of Centranthera grandiflora | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | sesterterpenoid | |
| canthaxanthin Canthaxanthin: A trans-carotenoid pigment widely distributed in nature. The compound is used as an oral suntanning agent and as a food and drug coloring agent. Oral ingestion of the compound causes canthaxanthin retinopathy.. canthaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene bearing two oxo substituents at positions 4 and 4'. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | carotenone | biological pigment; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fungal metabolite |
| gardenia yellow gardenia yellow: extract of gardenia fruit; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF. crocin-1 : A diester that is crocetin in which both of the carboxy groups have been converted to their gentiobiosyl esters. It is one of the water-soluble yellow-red pigments of saffron and is used as a spice for flavouring and colouring food. Note that in India, the term 'Crocin' is also used by GlaxoSmithKline as a brand-name for paracetamol. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | diester; disaccharide derivative; diterpenoid | antioxidant; food colouring; histological dye; plant metabolite |
| echinenone echinenone: structure in first source. echinenone : A carotenone that is beta-carotene in which the 4 position has undergone formal oxidation to afford the corresponding ketone. Isolated as orange-red crystals, it is widely distributed in marine invertebrates. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | carotenone | animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; cofactor; marine metabolite |
| lutein Lutein: A xanthophyll found in the major LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES of plants. Dietary lutein accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.. xanthophyll : A subclass of carotenoids consisting of the oxygenated carotenes. | 3.09 | 5 | 0 | carotenol | food colouring; plant metabolite |
| isobavachalcone isobavachalcone: RN given for (E)-isomer; structure in first source. isobavachalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 2' and 4' and a prenyl group at position 3'. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | chalcones; polyphenol | antibacterial agent; metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| cassaine cassaine: Erythrophleum alkaloid; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cassaine : A tricyclic diterpenoid isolated from several plant species of the genus Erythrophleum. | 7.54 | 2 | 0 | enoate ester; organic hydroxy compound; tertiary amino compound; tricyclic diterpenoid | antihypertensive agent; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; local anaesthetic; plant metabolite; poison |
| cucurbitacin b [no description available] | 9.01 | 4 | 0 | cucurbitacin; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | |
| cucurbitacin c cucurbitacin C: structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | cucurbitacin | |
| cucurbitacin d cucurbitacin D: toxic constituent in edible gourd; see also records for cucurbitacins & specific cucurbitacins. cucurbitacin D : A cucurbitacin in which a lanostane skeleton is multi-substituted with hydroxy, methyl and oxo substituents, with unsaturation at positions 5 and 23. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | cucurbitacin; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | |
| nsc 106399 cucurbitacin E: RN refers to (9beta,10alpha,16alpha,23E)-isomer; structure given in first source. cucurbitacin E : A cucurbitacin in which a lanostane skeleton is multi-substituted with hydroxy, methyl and oxo substituents, with unsaturation at positions 1, 5 and 23. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | cucurbitacin; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | |
| cucurbitacin i cucurbitacin I: toxic constituent in edible gourd; see also records for cucurbitacins & specific cucurbitacins. cucurbitacin I : A cucurbitacin that is 9,10,14-trimethyl-4,9-cyclo-9,10-secocholesta-2,5,23-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 16, 20 and 25 and oxo groups at positions 1, 11 and 22. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | cucurbitacin; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| spinasterol spinasterol: RN given refers to alpha-spinasterol ((3beta,5alpha,22E)-isomer) | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | steroid | |
| genistin genistin: glycoside of soy bean isoflavone, gentistein | 4.11 | 15 | 0 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside | |
| ophiobolin a ophiobolin A: sesterterpene; phytotoxin produced by plant pathogen Helminthosporium maydis; natural product inhibitor of calmodulin; RN refers to (18R)-isomer; structure given in first source. ophiobolin A : A sesterterpenoid that is ophiobolane with a hydroxy group at position 3, oxo groups at positions 5 and 25, double bonds at positions 7-8 and 19-20, and an oxygen link between positions 14 and 18. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | cyclic ketone; enal; oxaspiro compound; sesterterpenoid; tertiary alcohol | |
| chartreusin chartreusin: structure | 8.3 | 39 | 1 | benzochromenone; glycoside | |
| esculetin esculetin: used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light; structure. esculetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light. | 8.56 | 8 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | antioxidant; plant metabolite; ultraviolet filter |
| esculin [no description available] | 8.69 | 10 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; hydroxycoumarin | antioxidant; metabolite |
| 7-hydroxycoumarin 7-oxycoumarin: derivatives have anti-oxidant properties. umbelliferone : A hydroxycoumarin that is coumarin substituted by a hydroxy group ay position 7. | 3.29 | 6 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | fluorescent probe; food component; plant metabolite |
| humulene humulene: structure given in first source. (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene : The (1E,4E,8E)-isomer of alpha-humulene. | 4.4 | 6 | 0 | alpha-humulene | |
| harpagoside harpagoside: glycoside of a cyclopenta[c]pyran from root of S. African plant Harpagophytum procumbens DC; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #5281, 7th ed #9921; Harpagophytum extract WS 1531 is plant extract containing harpagoside; Antidiabetic Agent | 14.91 | 79 | 4 | terpene glycoside | |
| oleuropein oleuropein: iridoid isolated from leaves and fruit of Olea and Ligustrum (Oleaceae). oleuropein : A secoiridoid glycoside that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the anomeric hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted into its beta-D-glucoside and the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2S,3E,4S stereoisomer). The most important phenolic compound present in olive cultivars. | 3.48 | 7 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; catechols; diester; methyl ester; pyrans; secoiridoid glycoside | anti-inflammatory agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; NF-kappaB inhibitor; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; radical scavenger |
| garcinol garcinol: from stem bark of Garcinia huillensis; has chemotherapeutic activity against gram-positive & gram-negative cocci, mycobacteria & fungi | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| zearalenone Zearalenone: (S-(E))-3,4,5,6,8,10-Hexahydro-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1,7(8H)-dione. One of a group of compounds known under the general designation of resorcylic acid lactones. Cis, trans, dextro and levo forms have been isolated from the fungus Gibberella zeae (formerly Fusarium graminearum). They have estrogenic activity, cause toxicity in livestock as feed contaminant, and have been used as anabolic or estrogen substitutes.. zearalenone : A macrolide comprising a fourteen-membered lactone fused to 1,3-dihydroxybenzene; a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Giberella species. | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | macrolide; resorcinols | fungal metabolite; mycoestrogen |
| amentoflavone [no description available] | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone; ring assembly | angiogenesis inhibitor; antiviral agent; cathepsin B inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| baicalein [no description available] | 9.76 | 9 | 0 | trihydroxyflavone | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hormone antagonist; plant metabolite; prostaglandin antagonist; radical scavenger |
| chrysin chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7. | 2.53 | 2 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; dihydroxyflavone | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| diosmetin [no description available] | 8.67 | 9 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavonoid; monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; bone density conservation agent; cardioprotective agent; plant metabolite; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist; vasodilator agent |
| diosmin [no description available] | 11.95 | 12 | 2 | dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; glycosyloxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone; rutinoside | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant |
| fisetin [no description available] | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavonoid; 7-hydroxyflavonol; tetrahydroxyflavone | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; metabolite; plant metabolite |
| genkwanin genkwanin: structure. genkwanin : A monomethoxyflavone that is apigenin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is methylated. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone | metabolite |
| gossypin gossypin: do not confuse with gossypin(e) which is synonym for choline. gossypin : A glycosyloxyflavone that is gossypetin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 8 via a glycosidic linkage. | 7.37 | 2 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; pentahydroxyflavone | neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| hinokiflavone hinokiflavone: from Rhus succedanea; structure given in first source. hinokiflavone : A biflavonoid that is apigenin substituted by a 4-(5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenoxy group at position 6. A diflavonyl ether, it is isolated from Rhus succedanea and has been found to possess significant cytotoxic potential. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; metabolite; neuroprotective agent |
| hispidulin hispidulin : A monomethoxyflavone that is scutellarein methylated at position 6. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone | anti-inflammatory agent; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite |
| gentisein gentisein: isolated from the methanol extract of the herb of Hypericum annulatum; structure in first source. gentisein : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 7. | 2 | 1 | 0 | polyphenol; xanthones | plant metabolite |
| isogentisin isogentisin: found in plants such as Guttiferae & Gentianaceae.; structure. isogentisin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3 and a methoxy group at position 7. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; polyphenol; xanthones | EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| hyperoside quercetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside : A quercetin O-glycoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-galactosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Artemisia capillaris, it exhibits hepatoprotective activity. | 4.49 | 22 | 0 | beta-D-galactoside; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glycoside; tetrahydroxyflavone | hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| mangiferin shamimin: isolated from the leaves of Bombax ceiba; structure in first source | 5.27 | 16 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; xanthones | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite |
| mangostin mangostin: xanthone from rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. fruit. alpha-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3 and 6, a methoxy group at position 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumour activities. | 2.55 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; phenols; xanthones | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| 3-methylquercetin isorhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin in which the hydroxy group at position 3' is replaced by a methoxy group. | 6.67 | 40 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; monomethoxyflavone; tetrahydroxyflavone | anticoagulant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| isoscutellarein isoscutellarein: isocarthamidin is 2S isomer of isoscutellarein; do not confuse with scutellarein and/or carthamidin which are respective regioisomers. isoscutellarein : A tetrahydroxyflavone that is apigenin with an extra hydroxy group at position 8. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | tetrahydroxyflavone | metabolite |
| kaempferide kaempferide: structure in first source. kaempferide : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-O-methyl derivative of kaempferol. | 7.73 | 3 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone | antihypertensive agent; metabolite |
| morin morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5. | 2.95 | 4 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone | angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite; neuroprotective agent |
| myricetin [no description available] | 9.81 | 30 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; hexahydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; food component; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite |
| myricitrin myricitrin: isolated from root bark of Myrica cerifera L.; structure. myricitrin : A glycosyloxyflavone that consists of myricetin attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Myrica cerifera, it exhibits anti-allergic activity. | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | alpha-L-rhamnoside; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; pentahydroxyflavone | anti-allergic agent; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| orientin orientin: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (D-glucopyranosyl)-isomer. orientin : A C-glycosyl compound that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 8. | 3.79 | 11 | 0 | 3'-hydroxyflavonoid; C-glycosyl compound; tetrahydroxyflavone | antioxidant; metabolite |
| patuletin patuletin: structure given in first source; inhibits aldose reductase in rat lens. patuletin : A trimethoxyflavone that is quercetagetin methylated at position 6. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | flavonols; monomethoxyflavone; pentahydroxyflavone | analgesic; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite |
| quercetagetin quercetagetin: structure given in first source; inhibits aldose reductase in rat lens. quercetagetin : A hexahydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5, 6, 7, 3' and 4' respectively. | 7.38 | 2 | 0 | flavonols; hexahydroxyflavone | antioxidant; antiviral agent; plant metabolite |
| rhamnetin rhamnetin: aglycone of xanthorhamnin; from Rhamnus. rhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position 7. | 2.97 | 4 | 0 | monomethoxyflavone; tetrahydroxyflavone | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; metabolite |
| robinin robinin : A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempherol substituted by a 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl residue at position 3 and a 6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; glycosyloxyflavone | plant metabolite |
| robustaflavone robustaflavone: bis-apigenin coupled at 6 and 3' positions; a potential non-nucleoside anti-hepatitis B agent;. robustaflavone : A biflavonoid that is obtained by oxidative coupling of two molecules of apigenin resulting in a bond between positions C-3 of the hydroxyphenyl ring and C-6 of the chromene ring. Isolated from Thuja orientalis and Rhus succedanea it exhibits antioxidant, cytotoxic and anti-hepatitis B activity. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone; ring assembly | anti-HBV agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite |
| sciadopitysin sciadopitysin: biflavonoid from Taxus celebica & Ginkgo biloba. sciadopitysin : A biflavonoid that is a 7, 4', 4'''-trimethyl ether derivative of amentoflavone. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone; methoxyflavone; ring assembly | bone density conservation agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| scutellarein scutellarein: aglycone of scutellarin from Scutellaria baicalensis; carthamidin is 2S isomer of scutellarein; do not confuse with isoscutellarein and/or isocarthamidin which are respective regioisomers, or with the scutelarin protein. scutellarein : Flavone substituted with hydroxy groups at C-4', -5, -6 and -7. | 7.01 | 1 | 0 | tetrahydroxyflavone | metabolite |
| tricetin tricetin : Flavone hydroxylated at positions 3', 4', 5, 5' and 7. | 7.02 | 1 | 0 | pentahydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| tricin tricin: from Spartina cynosuroides and other plants; structure | 7.77 | 3 | 0 | 3'-methoxyflavones; dimethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone | EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| wogonin wogonin: structure in first source. wogonin : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-8. | 7.01 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| coumestrol Coumestrol: A daidzein derivative occurring naturally in forage crops which has some estrogenic activity.. coumestrol : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | coumestans; delta-lactone; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| daidzein [no description available] | 12.86 | 18 | 2 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones | antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite |
| pterostilbene [no description available] | 3.04 | 4 | 0 | diether; methoxybenzenes; stilbenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; hypoglycemic agent; neuroprotective agent; neurotransmitter; plant metabolite; radical scavenger |
| epsilon-viniferin epsilon-viniferin: stilbene dimer; isolated from the Oriental medicinal plant Vitis coignetiae; structure given in first source. (-)-trans-epsilon-viniferin : A stilbenoid that is the (-)-trans-stereoisomer of epsilon-viniferin, obtained by cyclodimerisation of trans-resveratrol. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 1-benzofurans; polyphenol; stilbenoid | metabolite |
| 5-o-caffeoylshikimic acid 5-O-caffeoylshikimic acid: from bracken fern, Pteridium aquilinum; structure given in first source. 5-[(E)-caffeoyl]shikimic acid : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (E)-caffeic acid with the 5-hydroxy group of shikimic acid. | 2.79 | 3 | 0 | alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; carboxylic ester; catechols; cyclohexenecarboxylic acid | plant metabolite |
| chicoric acid chicoric acid: inhibits HIV-1 integrase | 4.06 | 4 | 0 | organooxygen compound | geroprotector; HIV-1 integrase inhibitor |
| cynarine cynarine: active principle of the artichoke; functions primarily as a cholagogue and choleretic and also as antilipemic agent | 3.82 | 3 | 0 | alkyl caffeate ester; quinic acid | plant metabolite |
| echinacoside echinacoside: from Buddleja species; has antihepatotoxic activity | 8.86 | 157 | 0 | oligosaccharide | |
| forsythiaside forsythiaside: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source; from the unripe fruit of Forsythia suspensa (qinglianquiao) | 8.53 | 103 | 1 | hydroxycinnamic acid | |
| irilone irilone: structure in first source. irilone : A hydroxyisoflavone that is 6,7-methylenedioxyisoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 4'. | 2.54 | 2 | 0 | hydroxyisoflavone; organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle | antineoplastic agent; immunomodulator; metabolite |
| 3,4-di-o-caffeoylquinic acid 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid: isolated from Siphonostegia chinensis | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | quinic acid | |
| irisolidone irisolidone: isolated from the flowers and rhizomes of Pueraria thunbergiana; structure in first source | 3.45 | 7 | 0 | 4'-methoxyisoflavones | |
| caffeic acid phenethyl ester phenethyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester in which 2-phenylethyl is the alkyl component. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | alkyl caffeate ester | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiviral agent; immunomodulator; metabolite; neuroprotective agent |
| plantamajoside plantamajoside: RN given for (E)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | |
| rosmarinic acid rosmarinic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; promote OT project. (R)-rosmarinic acid : A stereoisomer of rosmarinic acid having (R)-configuration.. rosmarinic acid : The 1-carboxy-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester of trans-caffeic acid. | 8.7 | 9 | 0 | rosmarinic acid | geroprotector; plant metabolite |
| shogaol shogaol: from ginger, ZINGIBER OFFICINALE; less mutagenic than GINGEROL; structure given in first source | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | enone; monomethoxybenzene; phenols | |
| suspensaside suspensaside: from fruit of Forsythia suspensa Vahl (Oleaceae); structure given in first source | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | ||
| acteoside acteoside: a protein kinase C inhibitor with hepatoprotective, anti-asthmatic, and analgesic activities; a phenylethanoid glycoside related to isoacteoside; from leaves of Lippia multiflora (Verbenaceae). acteoside : A glycoside that is the alpha-L-rhamnosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucoside of hydroxytyrosol in which the hydroxy group at position 4 of the glucopyranosyl moiety has undergone esterification by formal condensation with trans-caffeic acid. | 11.98 | 90 | 0 | catechols; cinnamate ester; disaccharide derivative; glycoside; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antileishmanial agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| orobol orobol: from Aspergillus niger or Streptomyces neyagawaensis; potent inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol kinase. orobol : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones which consists of isoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4'. It has been isolated from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones | anti-inflammatory agent; fungal metabolite; plant metabolite; radical scavenger |
| psi-baptigenin pseudobaptigenin : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones that is 7-hydroxyisoflavone and in which the phenyl group at position 3 is replaced by a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones; benzodioxoles | antiprotozoal drug; plant metabolite |
| psoralidin psoralidin : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 9 and a prenyl group at position 2 respectively. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | coumestans; delta-lactone; polyphenol | estrogen receptor agonist; plant metabolite |
| tectoridin tectoridin: glycosylated tectorigenin. tectoridin : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is tectorigenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.78 | 3 | 0 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside; hydroxyisoflavone; methoxyisoflavone; monosaccharide derivative | plant metabolite |
| tectorigenin tectorigenin: tectoridin is glycosylated form. tectorigenin : A methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 and hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 4' respectively. | 8.19 | 5 | 0 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones; methoxyisoflavone | anti-inflammatory agent; plant metabolite |
| wedelolactone wedelolactone: antihepatotoxic coumestan from Eclipta prostrata and Wedelia calendulacea (both Asteraceae); structure given in first source. wedelolactone : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents as positions 1, 8 and 9 and a methoxy substituent at position 3. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; coumestans; delta-lactone; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite |
| maytansine Maytansine: An ansa macrolide isolated from the MAYTENUS genus of East African shrubs.. maytansine : An organic heterotetracyclic compound and 19-membered macrocyclic lactam antibiotic originally isolated from the Ethiopian shrub Maytenus serrata but also found in other Maytenus species. It exhibits cytotoxicity against many tumour cell lines. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | alpha-amino acid ester; carbamate ester; epoxide; maytansinoid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; organochlorine compound | antimicrobial agent; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator |
| ellagic acid [no description available] | 4.57 | 24 | 0 | catechols; cyclic ketone; lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol | antioxidant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent |
| ginkgolic acid [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | hydroxybenzoic acid | |
| 3,3',4-o-trimethylellagic acid 3,7,8-tri-O-methylellagic acid: structure given in first source | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | tannin | |
| syringetin [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | 3',5'-dimethoxyflavone; 3'-methoxyflavones; 7-hydroxyflavonol; dimethoxyflavone; tetrahydroxyflavone | metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| picromycin picromycin: structure. pikromycin : A macrolide antibiotic that is biosynthesised by Streptomyces venezuelae. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | enone; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative | bacterial metabolite |
| cerulenin Cerulenin: An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including ACREMONIUM, Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.. cerulenin : An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including Acremonium, Acrocylindrum and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function. | 3.48 | 2 | 0 | epoxide; monocarboxylic acid amide | antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor |
| astragalin kaempferol-3-O-glucoside: isolated from the pit of Mahkota dewa; structure in first source. kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : A kaempferol O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 3 of kaempferol via a beta-glycosidic linkage. | 9.12 | 14 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; kaempferol O-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | plant metabolite; trypanocidal drug |
| kaempferol-3-o-galactoside kaempferol-3-O-galactoside: isolated from Ardisia pusilla; RN given refers to (3-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxy))-isomer. kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-galactoside : A beta-D-galactoside compound with a 4',5,7-trihydroxychromen-3-yl group at the anomeric position. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-galactoside; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | antifungal agent; plant metabolite |
| rhoifolin rhoifolin: from many plants. apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside : An apigenin derivative having an alpha-(1->2)-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety attached to the 7-hydroxy group. | 5.31 | 15 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; glycosyloxyflavone; neohesperidoside | metabolite |
| vitexin rhamnoside 2''-O-rhamnopyranosylvitexin: has both analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities; isolated from Alternanthera maritima; structure in first source. vitexin 2''-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside : A derivative of vitexin having an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue attached at the 2''-position of the glucitol moiety. | 4.37 | 5 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; disaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | plant metabolite |
| veronicastroside veronicastroside: a flavonoid; second source Yak. Zas. shows same melting point, absorption, Rf and color tests for lonicerin (luteolin-7-rhamnoglucoside from Lonicera) and veronicastroside (luteolin-7-neohesperidoside from Trachelospermum);. luteolin 7-O-neohesperidoside : A disaccharide derivative that is luteolin substituted by a 2-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | disaccharide derivative; glycosyloxyflavone; neohesperidoside; trihydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent; metabolite |
| kaempferol 3-o-sophoroside kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside: isolated from leaves of Cassia alata. kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside : A sophoroside that is kaempferol attached to a beta-D-sophorosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | sophoroside; trihydroxyflavone | plant metabolite |
| quercetin-3-o-sophoroside quercetin-3-O-sophoroside: structure given in first source. quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin attached to a beta-D-sophorosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | sophoroside; tetrahydroxyflavone | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| turimycin turimycin: macrolide antibiotic from Streptomyces hygroscopicus JA 6599; structure. leucomycin V : A macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces kitasatoensis, showing activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | leucomycin; macrolide antibiotic | bacterial metabolite |
| 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid: A non-penetrating amino reagent (commonly called SITS) which acts as an inhibitor of anion transport in erythrocytes and other cells. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | stilbenoid | |
| 8-epi-prostaglandin f2alpha 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha: a potent preglomerular vasoconstrictor acting principally through thromboxane A2 receptor activation. 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha : An isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | F2-isoprostane | biomarker; bronchoconstrictor agent; vasoconstrictor agent |
| glyceryl 2-arachidonate glyceryl 2-arachidonate: binds to cannabinoid receptors; structure in first source. 2-arachidonoylglycerol : An endocannabinoid and an endogenous agonist of the cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2). It is an ester formed from omega-6-arachidonic acid and glycerol. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | 2-acylglycerol 20:4; endocannabinoid | human metabolite |
| etretinate retinoid : Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | enoate ester; ethyl ester; retinoid | keratolytic drug |
| misoprostol Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fondaparinux Fondaparinux: Synthetic pentasaccharide that mediates the interaction of HEPARIN with ANTITHROMBINS and inhibits FACTOR Xa; it is used for prevention of VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM after surgery.. fondaparinux : A synthetic pentasaccharide which, apart from the O-methyl group at the reducing end of the molecule, consists of monomeric sugar units which are identical to a sequence of five monomeric sugar units that can be isolated after either chemical or enzymatic cleavage of the polymeric glycosaminoglycans heparin and heparan sulfate. | 7.58 | 2 | 0 | amino sugar; oligosaccharide sulfate; pentasaccharide derivative | anticoagulant |
| zinostatin Zinostatin: An enediyne that alkylates DNA and RNA like MITOMYCIN does, so it is cytotoxic. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 11-deoxyprostaglandin e1 11-deoxyprostaglandin E1: RN given refers to (13E,15S)-isomer | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | prostanoid | |
| thromboxane b2 Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. | 4.5 | 5 | 1 | thromboxanes B | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| oleylamide oleylamide: plastic additive; can cause contact urticaria; RN given refers to (Z)-isomer; a sleep inducing factor. aliphatic amide : A carboxamide in which the amide linkage is bonded directly to an aliphatic system.. oleamide : A fatty amide derived from oleic acid. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | primary fatty amide | human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| menaquinone 6 menaquinone 6: RN given refers to (all-E)-isomer | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hyodeoxycholic acid hyodeoxycholic acid: differs from deoxycholic acid in that the 6 alpha-OH is in the 12 position in the former; RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,6alpha)-isomer. hyodeoxycholic acid : A member of the class of 5beta-cholanic acids that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by alpha-hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 6. | 7.89 | 4 | 0 | 5beta-cholanic acids; 6alpha,20xi-murideoxycholic acid; bile acid; C24-steroid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| codeine [no description available] | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound | antitussive; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; opioid analgesic; opioid receptor agonist; prodrug; xenobiotic |
| methyl linoleate [no description available] | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | fatty acid methyl ester | plant metabolite |
| oleyl alcohol oleyl alcohol: structure; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | fatty alcohol 18:1; long-chain primary fatty alcohol | metabolite; nonionic surfactant |
| acetyldigitoxin Acetyldigitoxins: Cardioactive derivatives of lanatoside A or of DIGITOXIN. They are used for fast digitalization in congestive heart failure.. 3'''-O-acetyldigitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside compound consisting of digitoxin having an acetyl substituent at the 3-position on the D-ribo-hexopyranosyl residue at the non-reducing end. | 7.34 | 2 | 0 | cardenolide glycoside | anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; enzyme inhibitor |
| acitretin Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.. acitretin : A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | acitretin; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; retinoid | keratolytic drug |
| nalorphine Nalorphine: A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid | |
| naloxone Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol | antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist |
| vitamin k 1 Vitamin K 1: A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.. phylloquinone : A member of the class of phylloquinones that consists of 1,4-naphthoquinone having methyl and phytyl groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively. The parent of the class of phylloquinones. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | phylloquinones; vitamin K | cofactor; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| proscillaridin Proscillaridin: A cardiotonic glycoside isolated from Scilla maritima var. alba (Squill). | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| sirolimus Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent. | 2.83 | 3 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal drug; cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol | antibacterial drug; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor |
| 3',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone 3',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone: from Streptomyces sp OH-1049; structure given in first source. 3',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone : A 7-hydroxyisoflavone that is daidzein substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3'. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; metabolite |
| gamma-cyclodextrin gamma-cyclodextrin : A cycloamylose composed of eight alpha-(1->4) linked D-glucopyranose units. | 7.67 | 3 | 0 | cyclodextrin | |
| brefeldin a [no description available] | 3.71 | 10 | 0 | macrolide antibiotic | Penicillium metabolite |
| cellodextrin cellodextrin: can be metabolized by some yeast species. cellooligosaccharide : An oligosaccharide with between two and about 20 D-glucose residues connected by mixed alpha and beta (1->4) glycosidic linkages.. cellodextrin : A dextrin of varying length (two or more glucose monomers) resulting from cellulolysis, the breakdown of cellulose. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | glucotriose | bacterial xenobiotic metabolite |
| morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn. | 3.84 | 12 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound | anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| peridinin peridinin: structure | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| su 5402 SU 5402: structure given in first source. SU5402 : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is substituted by a 3-(2-carboxyethyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl group. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| xylulose [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | xylulose | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| rutin quercetin-3-O-rutinoside: structure in first source | 2.59 | 2 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| kallidin Kallidin: A decapeptide bradykinin homolog cleaved from kininogen by kallikreins. It is a smooth-muscle stimulant and hypotensive agent that acts by vasodilatation. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | peptide | |
| lysophosphatidylcholines lysophosphatidylcholine : An acylglycerophosphocholine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylcholine, which removes one of the fatty acyl groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R1 = acyl, R2 = H or where R1 = H, R2 = acyl. | 3.21 | 6 | 0 | 1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |
| cytochalasin b Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.. cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments. | 4.05 | 15 | 0 | cytochalasin; lactam; lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound | actin polymerisation inhibitor; metabolite; mycotoxin; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| ciguatoxins Ciguatoxins: Polycyclic ethers produced by Gambierdiscus (DINOFLAGELLATES) from gambiertoxins, which are ingested by fish which in turn may be ingested by humans who are susceptible to the CIGUATERA POISONING.. ciguatoxin CTX1B : A ciguatoxin comprising a sequence of twelve trans-fused six-, seven-, eight- and nine-membered rings and a spiro-fused five-membered ring. A commonly encountered fish toxin.. ciguatoxin : Ciguatoxins are cyclic polyether toxins, derived from marine dinoflagellates, which are responsible for the symptoms of ciguatera poisoning. Ingestion of tropical and subtropical fin fish contaminated by ciguatoxins results in an illness characterised by neurological, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders. | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | ciguatoxin | metabolite |
| calyculin a calyculin A: RN given refers to (5S-(5alpha(2R*(1S*,3S*,4S*,5R*,6R*,7E,9E,11E,13Z),3R*),7beta(E(S*)),*beta,9alpha))-isomer | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sulfenamide sulfenamide: structure in first source | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (E)-10-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid : An omega-hydroxy amino acid that is 2-decenoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the terminal carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group and in which the C=C double bond has E configuration. It is a component of royal jelly. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; hydroxy monounsaturated fatty acid; omega-hydroxy-medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain fatty acid | animal metabolite; geroprotector |
| centaureidin centaureidin: structure given in first source; isolated from Tanacetum microphyllum, Brickellia veronicaefolia. centaureidin : A trihydroxyflavone that consists of quercetagetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3, 6 and 4' have been replaced by methoxy groups. It has been isolated from Eremophila mitchellii and Athroisma proteiforme. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | trihydroxyflavone; trimethoxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| isochlorogenic acid [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | quinic acid | |
| cinnamyl alcohol cinnamyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. (E)-cinnamyl alcohol : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamyl alcohol.. cinnamyl alcohol : A primary alcohol comprising an allyl core with a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position and a phenyl substituent at the 3-position (geometry of the C=C bond unspecified). | 2.75 | 3 | 0 | cinnamyl alcohol | plant metabolite |
| kaempferol 3-o-rhamnoside kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside: from apple (Malus domestica) leaves; structure in first source. afzelin : A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. | 4.21 | 16 | 0 | glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; plant metabolite |
| syringin syringin: a phenylpropanoid glycoside; see also eleutherosides & lyoniside for eleutheroside A: 474-58-8. syringin : A monosaccharide derivative that is trans-sinapyl alcohol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage. | 4.22 | 17 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; dimethoxybenzene; monosaccharide derivative; primary alcohol | hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| linarin linarin: flavone glycoside isolated from leaves of Linaria japonica MIQ | 5.75 | 78 | 0 | ||
| fustin fustin : A dihydroflavonol that is the 2,3-dihydro derivative of fisetin.. tetrahydroxyflavanone : A hydroxyflavanone with atleast four hydroxy substituents. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glycitein glycitein : A methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 and hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 4'. It has been isolated from the mycelia of the fungus Cordyceps sinensis. | 4.13 | 3 | 1 | 7-hydroxyisoflavone; methoxyisoflavone | fungal metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite |
| calycosin-7-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside: from Radix Astragali. calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is calycosin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position at 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.53 | 2 | 0 | 4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside; hydroxyisoflavone; monosaccharide derivative | |
| 1-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthene 1-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthene: from Swertia tetrapetala Pall; structure given in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ginnalin a ginnalin A: isolated from Acer pycnanthum; structure in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| isofraxidin isofraxidin: also see fraxidin | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | |
| isomangiferin isomangiferin: structure given in first source. isomangiferin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7 and a 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol moiety at position 1. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; polyphenol; xanthones | anti-HSV-1 agent; plant metabolite |
| isorhamnetin 3-o-glucoside isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside: from the flowers of Persea gratissima; structure in first source. isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is isorhamnetin substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue. | 3.15 | 5 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; glycosyloxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | metabolite |
| juglanin juglanin: antioxidant from Polygonum aviculare; structure in first source | 4.34 | 16 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| kaempferol 3-o-neohesperidoside kaempferol 3-O-neohesperidoside: isolated from Daphniphyllum calycinum; structure in first source | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| kaempferol-3-o-rutinoside kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside: isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plants of Diodia teres through repeated silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography; structure in first source. kaempferol-3-rutinoside : A kaempferol O-glucoside that is kaempferol attached to a rutinosyl [6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucosyl] residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the leaves of Solanum campaniforme. | 3.87 | 11 | 0 | disaccharide derivative; kaempferol O-glucoside; rutinoside; trihydroxyflavone | metabolite; plant metabolite; radical scavenger |
| koaburaside koaburaside: an anti-histamine compound from Aeschynanthus bracteatus; structure in first source | 2.53 | 2 | 0 | ||
| icaritin icaritin: structure in first source | 2.78 | 3 | 0 | ||
| icariin [no description available] | 3.91 | 11 | 0 | flavonols; glycosyloxyflavone | antioxidant; bone density conservation agent; EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen |
| ligustilide ligustilide: found in Umbelliferae plants; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | butenolide | metabolite |
| luteolin 4'-o-glucoside luteolin 4'-O-glucoside: from Kummerowia striata. luteolin-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4' via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from Olea europaea. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | plant metabolite |
| martynoside martynoside: isolated from Verbena bipinnatifida Nutt; structure in first source | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 4-methylesculetin 4-methylesculetin: has antiinflammatory activity. 6,7-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin : A hydroxycoumarin that is 4-methylcuomarin which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4. A hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor. It has also been used as a fluorescent sensor to monitor the consumption of a boronic acid in Suzuki coupling reactions; fluorescence is readily detectable by the naked eye using a standard 365 nm UV lamp. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor |
| neoisoliquiritin neoisoliquiritin: inhibits angiogenesis; isolated from licorice root; isoliquiritin is the (E)-isomer; structure in first source; isoliquiritin is also available | 2.59 | 2 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| tiliroside tiliroside: isolated from seeds of Eremocarpus setigerus | 8.73 | 10 | 0 | cinnamate ester; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | plant metabolite |
| quercetin 3-o-gentiobioside quercetin 3-O-gentiobioside: an antioxidant with hypoglycemic and anticholesteremic activities; structure in first source. quercetin 3-beta-gentiobioside : A quercetin O-glycoside in which the hydroxy hydrogen at position 3 of quercetin has been replaced by a gentiobiosyl group. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | disaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glycoside; tetrahydroxyflavone | Brassica napus metabolite |
| spiraeoside spiraeoside: from flowers of Filipendula ulmaria (L.); structure given in first source. quercetin 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 4'. | 4.91 | 8 | 1 | beta-D-glucoside; flavonols; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; tetrahydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| sophoricoside sophoricoside: from fruit of Sophora japonica; structure in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | acrovestone; isoflavonoid | |
| tilianin tilianin: from several medicinal plants including Agastache rugosa and Dracocephalum moldavia | 6.79 | 42 | 0 | ||
| 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene-4'-o-glucoside trans-resveratrol-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside: structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| malealdehyde malealdehyde: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; fumaraldehyde refers to (E)-isomer | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | but-2-enedial | |
| acetaldehyde oxime acetaldehyde oxime: structure. (E)-acetaldehyde oxime : The (E)-stereoisomer of acetaldehyde oxime.. acetaldehyde oxime : An aldoxime derived from acetaldehyde. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | acetaldehyde oxime | |
| casein kinase ii Casein Kinase II: A ubiquitous casein kinase that is comprised of two distinct catalytic subunits and dimeric regulatory subunit. Casein kinase II has been shown to phosphorylate a large number of substrates, many of which are proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ermanin ermanin: from Tanacetum microphyllum; structure given in first source. 3,4'-dimethylkaempferol : A dimethoxyflavone that is kaempferol in which the hydroxy groups at position 3 and 4' have been replaced by methoxy groups. It is a component of bee glue and isolated from several plant species including Tanacetum microphyllum. | 2 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; dimethoxyflavone | anti-inflammatory agent; antimycobacterial drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite |
| lead Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb. | 4.61 | 8 | 0 | carbon group element atom; elemental lead; metal atom | neurotoxin |
| tin [no description available] | 3.35 | 7 | 0 | carbon group element atom; elemental tin; metal atom | micronutrient |
| 12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid: A lipoxygenase metabolite of ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is a highly selective ligand used to label mu-opioid receptors in both membranes and tissue sections. The 12-S-HETE analog has been reported to augment tumor cell metastatic potential through activation of protein kinase C. (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 274(3):1545-51; J Natl Cancer Inst 1994; 86(15):1145-51) | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 6,7-dihydroxyflavone 6,7-dihydroxyflavone: intensifies effect of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus; structure in first source | 2.58 | 2 | 0 | ||
| bay 11-7082 (E)-3-tosylacrylonitrile : A nitrile that is acrylonitrile in which the hydrogen located beta,trans to the cyano group is replaced by a tosyl group. It is an inhibitor of cytokine-induced IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation in cells. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | nitrile; sulfone | apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| bay 11-7085 BAY11-7085 : A sulfone that is benzene substituted by [(E)-2-cyanoethenyl]sulfonyl and tert-butyl groups at position 1 and 4, respectively. It is an irreversible inhibitor of IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation in cells (IC50 = 10 muM) and prevents the activation of NF-kappaB. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; nitrile; sulfone | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; NF-kappaB inhibitor |
| diamide Diamide: A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells. | 7.39 | 2 | 0 | 1,1'-azobis(N,N-dimethylformamide) | |
| 15-hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic acid 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid: A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110) | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cinnamoyl chloride cinnamoyl chloride: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| antimony Antimony: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Sb, atomic number 51, and atomic weight 121.75. It is used as a metal alloy and as medicinal and poisonous salts. It is toxic and an irritant to the skin and the mucous membranes. | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | metalloid atom; pnictogen | |
| cesium Cesium: A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency. | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | alkali metal atom | |
| barium Barium: An element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous. | 2.86 | 4 | 0 | alkaline earth metal atom; elemental barium | |
| methyl ferulate methyl ferulate: inhibits LDL oxidation; isolated from Chrysanthemum coronarium; structure in first source. trans-methylferulate : A cinnamate ester that is the methyl ester of ferulic acid. It has been isolated from Pisonia aculeata. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | cinnamate ester; guaiacols; methyl ester | plant metabolite |
| triphenyltin triphenyltin: triphenyltin derivatives widely used as pesticides; all of first source is triphenyltin cpds | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rubidium Rubidium: An element that is an alkali metal. It has an atomic symbol Rb, atomic number 37, and atomic weight 85.47. It is used as a chemical reagent and in the manufacture of photoelectric cells. | 4.57 | 8 | 0 | alkali metal atom | |
| aluminum Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98. | 5.07 | 14 | 0 | boron group element atom; elemental aluminium; metal atom | |
| ethylmorphine Ethylmorphine: A narcotic analgesic and antitussive. It is metabolized in the liver by ETHYLMORPHINE-N-DEMETHYLASE and used as an indicator of liver function. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid | |
| 6-chloropurine [no description available] | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | purines | |
| strontium Strontium: An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62. | 7.66 | 3 | 0 | alkaline earth metal atom | |
| bismuth Bismuth: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Bi, and atomic number 83. Its principal isotope is Bismuth 209. | 7.13 | 1 | 0 | metal atom; pnictogen | |
| arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 5.61 | 25 | 0 | metalloid atom; pnictogen | micronutrient |
| indium Indium: A metallic element, atomic number 49, atomic weight 114.818, symbol In. It is named from its blue line in the spectrum.. indium atom : A metallic element first identified and named from the brilliant indigo (Latin indicum) blue line in its flame spectrum. | 3.86 | 11 | 0 | boron group element atom | |
| morphine-6-glucuronide morphine-6-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer | 4.03 | 4 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid | |
| elsamicin a elsamicin A: from actinomycete strain J907-21; structure given in first source | 4.79 | 10 | 0 | ||
| sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine. | 12.59 | 60 | 0 | chalcogen; nonmetal atom | macronutrient |
| methylazoxymethanol acetate Methylazoxymethanol Acetate: The aglycone of CYCASIN. It acts as a potent carcinogen and neurotoxin and inhibits hepatic DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. | 3.47 | 2 | 0 | azoxy compound | |
| ethyl oleate [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester | acaricide; plant metabolite |
| 2,3-oxidosqualene 2,3-oxidosqualene: an oxidized derivative of SQUALENE that can fold in several ways: chair-boat-chair-boat to LANOSTEROL; chair-chair-chair-boat to dammarane; or all chair to hopane and on to cycloartenol; RN given refers to (all-Z)-isomer. 2,3-epoxysqualene : A squalene triterpenoid obtained by formal epoxidation across the 2,3 C=C bond of squalene. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | epoxide; squalene triterpenoid | |
| n,o-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sorbicillin sorbicillin: RN given for (E,E)-isomer; structure in first source | 7.41 | 1 | 0 | phenols | |
| diphenylhexatriene Diphenylhexatriene: A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | alkatriene | fluorochrome |
| aldosterone dehydrodiisoeugenol: an isoeugenol dimer, inhibits lipopolysaccharide-stimulated nuclear factor kappa B activation and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in macrophages; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| veratrine Veratrine: A voltage-gated sodium channel activator. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid | |
| menisdaurin menisdaurin: structure in first source | 8.16 | 5 | 0 | ||
| irumamycin irumamycin: from Streptomyces subflavus; macrolide antibiotic with sugar moiety | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | ||
| puerarin [no description available] | 5.23 | 15 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; isoflavonoid | |
| apigenin-7-o-glucuronide apigenin-7-O-glucuronide: from the leaves and flowers of the cannabinoid-free cannabis (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa L., Cannabaceae); structure in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | flavonoids; glucosiduronic acid | |
| calycanthine calycanthine: the principal alkaloid of the plant family Calycanthaceae; RN given refers to (4bS)-(4balpha,5alpha,10balpha,11alpha)-isomer. calycanthine : The principal alkaloid of the plant family Calycanthaceae. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | aminal; calycanthaceous alkaloid; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | |
| thevetine thevetine: RN given refers to thevetine; from Yellow Oleander (Thevetia peruviana) seed | 3.18 | 6 | 0 | ||
| artocarpin lectin artocarpin lectin: a mannose-specific lectin; from the seeds of Artocarpus integrifolia; a homotetramic protein distinct from jacalin, another jackfruit lectin; MW 65 kDa; devoid of covalently-attached carbohydrates; consists of 4 isolectins with pI 5 - 6.5; do not confuse with artocarpin flavone. artocarpin : A trihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 2', and 4', a methoxy group at position 7, a prenyl group at position 3 and a (1E)-3-methylbut-1-enyl group at position 6. Isolated from Artocarpus heterophyllus and Artocarpus integrifolia, it exhibits antineoplastic activity. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| cotylenin a cotylenin A: induces differentiation in murine and human myeloid leukemia cells; structure in first source | 4.44 | 6 | 0 | ||
| nsc 600032 combretastatin A-1: from Combretum caffrum; structure given in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ternatin (flavonoid) ternatin (flavonoid): from Sceptridium ternatum; also isolated from Egletes viscosa; structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ether; flavonoids | |
| sinomenine sinomenine: isolated from root of Sinomenium acutum; antirheumatic, antineuralgic | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid | |
| dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl). | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; phosphatidylcholine 28:0; tetradecanoate ester | antigen; mouse metabolite |
| ecdysterone Ecdysterone: A steroid hormone that regulates the processes of MOLTING or ecdysis in insects. Ecdysterone is the 20-hydroxylated ECDYSONE.. 20-hydroxyecdysone : An ecdysteroid that is ecdysone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 20. | 7.47 | 2 | 0 | 14alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-hydroxy steroid; 22-hydroxy steroid; 25-hydroxy steroid; 2beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-sterol; ecdysteroid; phytoecdysteroid | animal metabolite; plant metabolite |
| deoxyribose [no description available] | 3.68 | 10 | 0 | deoxypentose | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| fumarates Fumarates: Compounds based on fumaric acid.. fumarate(2-) : A C4-dicarboxylate that is the E-isomer of but-2-enedioate(2-) | 3.04 | 5 | 0 | butenedioate; C4-dicarboxylate | human metabolite; metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldoxime [no description available] | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde oxime | |
| 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate, (alpha-d-erythro)-isomer [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose 1-phosphate | |
| acosamine acosamine: component of antibiotic actinodin; RN given refers to (L-arabino)-isomer; see also ristosamine, (L-ribo)-isomer: 51869-30-8 & daunosamine, (L-lyxo)-isomer: 26548-47-0. acosamine : A trideoxyhexose carrying a single amino substituent at position 3 and deoxygenated at positions 2, 3 and 6. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | amino monosaccharide; trideoxyhexose derivative | |
| rhodinose rhodinose: structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | trideoxyhexose | |
| cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. | 12.12 | 28 | 1 | cysteinium | fundamental metabolite |
| isophthalate isophthalate: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid dianion | |
| silicon Silicon: A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086]. | 11.2 | 19 | 0 | carbon group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom | |
| n-acetylmuramic acid N-acetylmuramic acid: RN given refers to D-Glucopyranose, (R)-isomer. N-acetyl-D-muramic acid : The pyranose form of N-acetylmuramic acid. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | N-acetylmuramic acid | |
| phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions. | 5.71 | 27 | 0 | monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen | macronutrient |
| boron Boron: A trace element with the atomic symbol B, atomic number 5, and atomic weight [10.806; 10.821]. Boron-10, an isotope of boron, is used as a neutron absorber in BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY. | 4.99 | 6 | 0 | boron group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom | micronutrient |
| lycodine lycodine: structure in first source | 7.17 | 1 | 0 | phenanthrol | |
| gluconasturtiin gluconasturtiin: hydrolysis yields phenylethyl isothiocyanate; structure in first source. gluconasturtiin : An aralkylglucosinolic acid that consists of 1-thio-beta-D-glucopyranose attached to a 3-phenyl-N-(sulfooxy)propanimidoyl group at the anomeric sulfur. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | aralkylglucosinolic acid; benzenes | |
| 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid: chromogen in glucose oxidase-peroxidase method for determining serum glucose; used in free radical scavenging assays; structure in first source | 4.15 | 14 | 0 | ||
| benanomicin a benanomicin A: from Actinomycete sp. MH193-16F4; structure given in first source | 3.57 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 5,4'-dihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyflavone 5,4'-dihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyflavone: has anti-inflammatory activity; isolated from acai, Euterpe oleracea; structure in first source. velutin : A dimethoxyflavone that is luteolin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 3' are replaced by methoxy groups. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxyflavone; dimethoxyflavone | anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antioxidant; melanin synthesis inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| phenoxan phenoxan: structure given in first source; isolated from Polyangium; inhibits electron transport at NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase; do not confuse this with phenoxan given as synonym for FENDILENE | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bakuchiol bakuchiol: chief component of Psoralea corylifolia Linn; structure | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bergamottin bergamottin: constituent of bergamot oil; structure given in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | furanocoumarin | metabolite |
| kendomycin kendomycin: structure in first source | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| paepalantine paepalantine: an isocoumarin from Paepalanthus vellozioides; structure given in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pinostilbene pinostilbene: structure in first source. 3-methoxy-4',5-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene : A stilbenoid that is trans-resveratrol in which one of the meta-hydroxy groups is converted to the corresponding methyl ether. | 7.15 | 1 | 0 | stilbenol | |
| apocarotenal apocarotenal: structure. 8'-apo-beta,psi-caroten-8'-al : An apo carotenoid triterpenoid compound arising from oxidative degradation of the beta,beta-carotene skeleton at the 8'-position. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | apo carotenoid triterpenoid; enal | |
| pradimicin a pradimicin A: from actinomycete strain No. P157-2; has inhibitory effect against HIV in vitro; structure given in first source. pradimicin A : A member of the class of pradimicins that is isolated from the cultured broth of Actinomadura hibisca No. P157-2 (ATCC 53557). | 3.55 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; carboxylic acid; disaccharide derivative; L-alanine derivative; p-quinones; polyphenol; pradimicin; secondary alcohol | |
| guajavarin guajavarin: from leaves of Psidium guajava | 3.43 | 7 | 0 | ||
| narcissin flavonol narcissin flavonol: flavanol glycoside from Strumpfia maritima; do not confuse with other narcissin in Chemline, an alkaloid (lycorine (NM)) | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | disaccharide derivative; glycosyloxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone | |
| baohuoside ii baohuoside II: a flavonol glycoside from the aerial parts of Epimedium acuminatum | 3.19 | 5 | 0 | ||
| progoitrin progoitrin: RN given refers to (R)-isomer; structure. epi-progoitrin : The stereoisomer of xi-progoitrin that has S at the carbon bearing the allylic hydroxy group.. progoitrin : The stereoisomer of xi-progoitrin that has R at the carbon bearing the allylic hydroxy group. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | alkylglucosinolate | |
| lespenefril lespenefril: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. kaempferol 3,7-di-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residues at positions 3 and 7 respectively via glycosidic linkages. It has been isolated from the aerial parts of Vicia faba and Lotus edulis. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | alpha-L-rhamnoside; dihydroxyflavone; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bone density conservation agent; hypoglycemic agent; immunomodulator; plant metabolite |
| sinigrin sinigrin: glucosinate in mustard seeds etc.; RN given refers to parent cpd. sinigrin : An alkenylglucosinolic acid that consists of 1-thio-beta-D-glucopyranose having a 4-[(sulfooxy)imino]but-1-en-4-yl group attached to the anomeric sulfur. | 2.63 | 3 | 0 | alkenylglucosinolic acid | |
| udp dialdehyde UDP dialdehyde: inhibitor of haematoside synthetase | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| myricetin 3-o-glucuronide myricetin 3-O-glucuronide: from Epilobium angustifolium. myricetin 3-O-glucuronide : A myricetin O-glucuronide that is myricetin with a beta-D-glucosiduronic acid residue attached at the 3-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monosaccharide derivative; myricetin O-glucuronide; pentahydroxyflavone | metabolite |
| quercetin 3-sambubioside quercetin 3-sambubioside: isolated from Actinidia arguta. quercetin 3-O-[beta-D-xylosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside] : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin attached to a beta-D-sambubiosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidc linkage. | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | disaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; tetrahydroxyflavone | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| citrusinine i citrusinine I: acridone alkaloid isolated from Rutaceae | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | acridines | |
| baohuoside i baohuoside I: structure given in first source; isolated from the herb Epimedium davidii | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | glycosyloxyflavone | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite |
| vitexin rhamnoside vitexin rhamnoside: an apigenin | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| 3,3'-di-o-methylellagic acid 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid: structure given in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| codeine-6-glucuronide codeine-6-glucuronide: structure given in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid | |
| 4(g)-alpha-glucopyranosyl-rutin 4(G)-alpha-glucopyranosyl-rutin: structure given in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| stigmast-4-ene-3,6-dione [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | steroid | |
| avicularin avicularin: from Polygonum aviculare L.; RN given refers to L-isomer. avicularin : A quercetin O-glycoside in which an alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl residue is attached at position 3 of quercetin via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated particularly from Juglans regia and Foeniculum vulgare. | 2.8 | 3 | 0 | alpha-L-arabinofuranoside; monosaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glycoside; tetrahydroxyflavone | hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| delphinidin-3-rutinoside delphinidin-3-rutinoside: anthocyanin from eggplant skin | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | anthocyanidin glycoside | |
| bafilomycin a [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| abscisic acid Abscisic Acid: Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.. (S)-2-trans-abscisic acid : A 2-trans-abscisic acid with (S)-configuration at the chiral centre.. (+)-abscisic acid : The naturally occurring (1'S)-(+) enantiomer of abscisic acid. It is an important sesquiterpenoid plant hormone which acts as a regulator of plant responses to environmental stresses such as drought and cold. | 3.99 | 13 | 0 | 2-trans-abscisic acid | |
| epimedin b epimedin B: structure given in first source; from Epimedium sp. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| epimedin c epimedin C: structure given in first source; from Epimedium sp. | 8.04 | 4 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| quercetin-3'-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside quercetin 3'-O-glucoside: structure in first source | 3.05 | 4 | 0 | ||
| cinidon-ethyl Lotus: A genus of the PEA FAMILY. The genus Lotus, formerly known as Tetragonolobus, is unrelated to other plants with the common name of lotus (NELUMBO and NYMPHAEA).. cinidon ethyl : A carboxylic ester and organochlorine compound that is the ethyl ester of cinidon. | 4.22 | 16 | 0 | ethyl ester; isoindoles; monochlorobenzenes | herbicide |
| ammonium sulfate Ammonium Sulfate: Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.. ammonium sulfate : An inorganic sulfate salt obtained by reaction of sulfuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia. A high-melting (decomposes above 280degreeC) white solid which is very soluble in water (70.6 g/100 g water at 0degreeC; 103.8 g/100 g water at 100degreeC), it is widely used as a fertilizer for alkaline soils. | 4.48 | 24 | 0 | ammonium salt; inorganic sulfate salt | fertilizer |
| ajmaline Ajmaline: An alkaloid found in the root of RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA, among other plant sources. It is a class 1-A antiarrhythmic agent that apparently acts by changing the shape and threshold of cardiac action potentials.. ajmaline : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that consists of ajmalan substituted at positions 17 and 21 by hydroxy groups. | 4.84 | 2 | 1 | ||
| c.i. fluorescent brightening agent 28 4,4'-bis({4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl}amino)stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid : An organosulfonic acid comprising stilbene having 4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl}amino groups at the 4 and 4'-positions and sulfo groups at the 2- and 2'-positions. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| caffeoyl-coenzyme a caffeoyl-coenzyme A: structure given in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| caffeoylmalic acid caffeoylmalic acid: from extracts of Chelidonium majus & Corydalis lutea | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | |
| 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid: An inhibitor of anion conductance including band 3-mediated anion transport. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | ||
| mastoparan [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | mastoparans; peptidyl amide | antimicrobial agent |
| tetrodotoxin Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.. tetrodotoxin : A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | azatetracycloalkane; oxatetracycloalkane; quinazoline alkaloid | animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; marine metabolite; neurotoxin; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker |
| quercetin-3-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside: from Rhododendron ovatum Planch; structure in first source | 4.11 | 14 | 0 | ||
| selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE. | 4.84 | 34 | 0 | chalcogen; nonmetal atom | micronutrient |
| tellurium Tellurium: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has the atomic symbol Te, atomic number 52, and atomic weight 127.60. It has been used as a coloring agent and in the manufacture of electrical equipment. Exposure may cause nausea, vomiting, and CNS depression. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | chalcogen; metalloid atom | |
| oxalates Oxalates: Derivatives of OXALIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are derived from the ethanedioic acid structure. | 5.07 | 8 | 0 | ||
| aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, drug combination aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, simethicone drug combination: antacid contains aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and simethicone; mylanta II contains aluminum/magnesium hydroxide mixture | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| mevalonolactone mevalonolactone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd without isomeric designation; structure. mevalonolactone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-mevalonolactone and (S)-mevalonolactone. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 4-hydroxy-4-methyloxan-2-one | fungal metabolite; plant metabolite |
| dizocilpine maleate Dizocilpine Maleate: A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.. dizocilpine maleate : A maleate salt obtained by reaction of dizocilpine with one equivalent of maleic acid. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | maleate salt; tetracyclic antidepressant | anaesthetic; anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist |
| antimycin a Antimycin A: An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). antimycin A : A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison. | 4.39 | 22 | 0 | amidobenzoic acid | |
| pregnanediol [no description available] | 3.99 | 4 | 0 | ||
| cholestanol Cholestanol: A cholesterol derivative found in human feces, gallstones, eggs, and other biological matter. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | cholestanoid | |
| methylazoxymethanol methylazoxymethanol: a neuroteratogen; reacts with guanine residues of DNA & RNA forming 7-methylguanine adduct products; carcinogenicity probably related to biological decomposition into methyldiazonium ion, the ultimate methylating agent; structure in first source | 3.47 | 2 | 0 | azoxy compound | |
| dolichols Dolichols: A class of polyprenols which contain approximately 20 isoprene residues. Although considered ISOPRENOIDS, they terminate with an alpha-saturated isoprenoid group at the hydroxy end of the molecule. | 4.31 | 6 | 0 | polyterpene | |
| bongkrekic acid Bongkrekic Acid: An antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas cocovenenans. It is an inhibitor of MITOCHONDRIAL ADP, ATP TRANSLOCASES. Specifically, it blocks adenine nucleotide efflux from mitochondria by enhancing membrane binding.. bongkrekic acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is docosa-2,4,8,10,14,18,20-heptaenedioic acid substituted at positions 2 ,5 and 17 by methyl groups, at positions 6 by a methoxy group and at position 20 by a carboxymethyl group. It is produced by the bacterium Burkholderia gladioli and implicated in outbreaks of food-borne illness involving coconut and corn-based products in Indonesia and China. | 3.97 | 14 | 0 | ether; olefinic compound; tricarboxylic acid | apoptosis inhibitor; ATP/ADP translocase inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; toxin |
| 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin d 3 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3: A physiologically active metabolite of VITAMIN D. The compound is involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism, alkaline phosphatase activity, and enhancing the calcemic effect of CALCITRIOL. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dolichol monophosphate mannose Dolichol Monophosphate Mannose: A lipophilic glycosyl carrier of the monosaccharide mannose in the biosynthesis of oligosaccharide phospholipids and glycoproteins. | 4.44 | 7 | 0 | ||
| avermectin b(1)a avermectin B(1)a: RN given refers to avermectin B(1)a; see also avermectins & demethylavermectins | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | avermectin | |
| papulacandin b papulacandin B: from Papularia sphaerosperma; inhibits growth of Candida albicans. papulacandin B : A papulacandin that is papulacandin A in which the (2E,4E)-deca-2,4-dienoyl chain at the O-(6') position is replaced by a (2E,4Z,6E)-8-hydroxydeca-2,4,6-trienoyl chain. It is the major carbohydrate-containing antibiotic from the deuteromycetous fungus Papularia sphaerosperma which shows potent antifungal activity against Candida albicans. | 3.75 | 11 | 0 | ||
| bafilomycin a1 bafilomycin A1: from Streptomyces griseus; structure given in first source. bafilomycin A1 : The most used of the bafilomycins, a family of toxic macrolide antibiotics derived from Streptomyces griseus. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | cyclic hemiketal; macrolide antibiotic; oxanes | apoptosis inducer; autophagy inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.14 (H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; fungicide; potassium ionophore; toxin |
| falcarindiol falcarindiol: from leaves of Schefflera digitata (Araliaceae) and in carrots; inhibits germination of spores of most common dermatophyte fungi | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | metabolite |
| hesperidin methylchalcone [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sibiromycin [no description available] | 3.05 | 1 | 0 | aminoglycoside antibiotic; hemiaminal; phenols; pyrrolobenzodiazepine | antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite |
| syringotoxin b syringotoxin B: low MW peptide phytotoxin produced by citrus isolates of Pseudomonas syringae | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dehydrocurvularin [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rh 421 RH 421: structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| retinol phosphate [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| vicenistatin vicenistatin: a macrocyclic lactam from Streptomyces sp. HC34; structure given in first source | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | azamacrocycle; lactam | |
| caftaric acid [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | |
| 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin: structure given in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | psoralens | |
| picroside i picroside I: RN given for (1aS-(1aalpha,1bbeta,2beta(E),5abeta,6beta,6aalpha))-isomer; hepatoprotective agent; structure in first source | 2.78 | 3 | 0 | ||
| valerenic acid valerenic acid: a saturated oplopanone type indene from Valeriana officinalis. valerenic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid which is substituted at position 3 by a 3,7-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-inden-4-yl group. A bicyclic sesquiterpenoid constituent of the essential oil of the Valerian plant. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | carbobicyclic compound; monocarboxylic acid; sesquiterpenoid | GABA modulator; plant metabolite; sedative; volatile oil component |
| zeatin riboside zeatin riboside: RN given refers to parent cpd. 9-ribosyl-trans-zeatin : A 9-ribosylzeatin having trans-zeatin as the nucleobase. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | 9-ribosylzeatin; nucleoside analogue | cytokinin; plant metabolite |
| nuezhenide nuezhenide: from Ligustrum lucidum; structure given in first source; RN refers to trans-isomer | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | saccharolipid | |
| acuminatin acuminatin: from Epimedium acuminatum; Chemline give RN 41744-39-2 for acuminatin, but the compound has a different structure than the one given in journal. acuminatin : A neolignan that is 5-[(1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran carrying additional 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl, methyl and methoxy substituents at positions 2, 3 and 7 respectively. | 4.52 | 5 | 1 | 1-benzofurans; dimethoxybenzene; neolignan; olefinic compound; ring assembly | fungal metabolite; plant metabolite |
| fukinolic acid fukinolic acid: also a carboxypeptidase A inhibitor; RN given for (S-(R*,S*))-isomer; structure in first source | 7.51 | 2 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | |
| ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one: antineoplastic, non-toxic fungal steroid. ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one : An ergostanoid that is (22E)-ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraene substituted by an oxo group at position 3. It has been isolated from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; ergostanoid | fungal metabolite |
| bacterioruberin bacterioruberin: C(50) carotenoid pigment; structure. bacterioruberin : A C50 carotenoid that is a red-coloured pigment found in several Halobacterium and Haloarcula species. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | C50 carotenoid; tertiary alcohol; tetrol | bacterial metabolite; biological pigment |
| a 201a A 201A: from Streptomyces capreolus; structure given in first source | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sphingosyl beta-glucoside sphingosyl beta-glucoside: isolated from spleen in Gaucher's disease | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| gambierol gambierol: structure in first source | 7.93 | 4 | 0 | ||
| rhodiocyanoside a rhodiocyanoside A: from Chinese natural medicine, Si Lie Hong Jing Tian, from the underground part of Rhodiola quadrifida; structure given in first source. rhodiocyanoside A : A cyanogenic glycoside that is (2Z)-2-methylbut-2-enenitrile attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy at position 4. Isolated from Rhodiola quadrifida, it exhibits anti-allergic activity. | 3.28 | 6 | 0 | aliphatic nitrile; beta-D-glucoside; cyanogenic glycoside; monosaccharide derivative | anti-allergic agent; metabolite |
| anecortave [no description available] | 3.47 | 7 | 0 | oligosaccharide | |
| hemibrevetoxin b hemibrevetoxin B: RN given for (2R-(2alpha.4alpha.4abeta.5abeta.7abeta.9alpha(Z),10beta,12alpha,13aalpha,14aalpha))-isomer; structure in first source | 7 | 1 | 0 | oxacycle | |
| hydroxysafflor yellow a hydroxysafflor yellow A: from Carthamus tinctorius; structure given in first source. hydroxysafflor yellow A : A C-glycosyl compound that is 3,4,5-trihydroxycyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one which is substituted by beta-D-glucosyl groups at positions 2 and 4, and by a p-hydroxycinnamoyl group at position 6. It is the main bioactive compound of a traditional Chinese medicine obtained from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). | 7.79 | 3 | 0 | ||
| cinnamoyl-coenzyme a (E)-cinnamoyl-CoA : The (E)-isomer of cinnamoyl-CoA. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | cinnamoyl-CoA | |
| alyssonoside alyssonoside: from Marrubium alysson; structure given in first source | 3.28 | 6 | 0 | ||
| vanicoside a vanicoside A: isolated from Polygonum pensylvanicum; structure in first source | 7.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| aculeximycin aculeximycin: isolated from Streptosporangium albidum | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cdw17 antigen [no description available] | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | ||
| ganglioside, gd1b [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| platenolide i platenolide I: from Streptomyces platensis; RN & N1 from 9th CI; see also platenolide II: 52212-95-0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | ||
| papulacandins papulacandins: isolated from Papularia sphaerosperma (Deutermycetes); see also papulacandin B; structures of papulacandins A,C & D in second source. papulacandin : Any of the carbohydrate-containing antibiotic compounds obtained from the deuteromycetous fungus Papularia sphaerosperma and generally consisting of o-orsellinic acid linked via a spirocyclic structure to a lactose moiety with two different side-chains: a shorter fatty-acid chain at the O-(6') position and a longer side-chain at the O-(3) position of the glucose moiety. Papulacandin D, the simplest member of the papulacandin family, lacks the O-(6'-acyl-beta-galactoside) at the O-(4) position of the glucose residue. The papulacandins show potent antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Geotrichum lactis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Pneumocytis carinii, but are inactive against filamentous fungi, bacteria, and protazoa. | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | ||
| asialo gm1 ganglioside [no description available] | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| salvianolic acid B salvianolic acid B: isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza. salvianolic acid B : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is an antioxidant and free radical scavenging compound extracted from S. miltiorrhiza | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | 1-benzofurans; catechols; dicarboxylic acid; enoate ester; polyphenol | anti-inflammatory agent; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; hepatoprotective agent; hypoglycemic agent; neuroprotective agent; osteogenesis regulator; plant metabolite |
| i(3)so3-galactosylceramide Sulfoglycosphingolipids: GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS with a sulfate group esterified to one of the sugar groups.. 1-(3-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactosyl)-N-tetracosanoylsphingosine : A D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine having a sulfo group at the 3-position on the galactose ring and tetracosanoyl as the N-acyl group. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | galactosylceramide sulfate; N-acyl-beta-D-galactosylsphingosine | |
| oxepins Oxepins: Compounds based on a 7-membered heterocyclic ring including an oxygen. They can be considered a medium ring ether. A natural source is the MONTANOA plant genus. Some dibenzo-dioxepins, called depsidones, are found in GARCINIA plants. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | ||
| isoprimeverose [no description available] | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| quercetin-3-o-galactoside-7-o-glucoside quercetin-3-O-galactoside-7-O-glucoside: isolated from the seeds of Cuscuta chinensis | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| engeletin engeletin: dihydroflavonol glycoside from the leaves of Stelechocarpus cauliflorus; structure in first source | 4.62 | 23 | 0 | ||
| allolactose [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | glycosylglucose | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| pseudopteroxazole pseudopteroxazole: structure in first source | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | tetralins | metabolite |
| beta-escin Escin: Pentacyclic triterpene saponins, biosynthesized from protoaescigenin and barringtogenol, occurring in the seeds of AESCULUS. It inhibits edema formation and decreases vascular fragility. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | triterpenoid saponin | |
| isoacteoside isoacteoside: a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from Indian paintbrush (Verbenaceae) Castilleja linariaefolia; also in other plants; structure given in first source | 4.09 | 14 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | |
| epoxyfarnesyl diazoacetate 2'-deoxy-4'-C-ethynyl-2-fluoroadenosine: has anti-HIV activity; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| verlukast verlukast: LTD4 receptor antagonist | 2.81 | 3 | 0 | ||
| aurone [no description available] | 2.81 | 3 | 0 | aurones; cyclic ketone | |
| beta-escin [no description available] | 15.2 | 515 | 2 | ||
| aureothin aureothin: isolated from culture MA-2465; structure. aureothin : A C-nitro compound that is (3Z)-3-[(2E)-2-methyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-ylidene]tetrahydrofuran which is substituted by a 6-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl group at position 5. It is isolated from the soil bacterium, Streptomyces thioluteus and exhibits antitumor, antifungal, and insecticidal activities. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4-pyranones; C-nitro compound; ketene acetal; olefinic compound; oxolanes | antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 1.6.5.3 [NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H(+)-translocating)] inhibitor |
| melibiose alpha-D-Galp-(1->6)-alpha-D-Glcp : A glycosylglucose consisting of alpha-D-galactopyranose and alpha-D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->6) glycosidic bond. | 8.61 | 9 | 0 | glycosylglucose | |
| nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic | antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent |
| caviunin caviunin: from the stems of Dalbergia vietnamensis; structure in first source | 3.06 | 4 | 0 | ||
| echinocystic acid echinocystic acid: aglycone moiety of saponin chrysantellin | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | ||
| morphinans Morphinans: Compounds based on a partially saturated iminoethanophenanthrene, which can be described as ethylimino-bridged benzo-decahydronaphthalenes. They include some of the OPIOIDS found in PAPAVER that are used as ANALGESICS. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parent; morphinane alkaloid | |
| ergostane ergostane: structure | 3.97 | 3 | 0 | steroid fundamental parent | |
| androstane androstane: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 7 | 1 | 0 | steroid fundamental parent | |
| ergoline Ergolines: A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure.. ergoline : An indole alkaloid whose structural skeleton is found in many naturally occurring and synthetic ergolines which are known to bind to neurotransmitter receptors, such as dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin receptors and function as unselective agonists or antagonists at these receptors. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | diamine; ergoline alkaloid; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound | |
| allosamine allosamine: structure in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| detorubicin [no description available] | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| artesunate artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | artemisinin derivative; cyclic acetal; dicarboxylic acid monoester; hemisuccinate; semisynthetic derivative; sesquiterpenoid | antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; ferroptosis inducer |
| evernimicin [no description available] | 4.17 | 5 | 0 | ||
| ginsenoside rb2 [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; disaccharide derivative; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid | antiviral agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite |
| eleutherobin eleutherobin: structure in first source | 3.16 | 1 | 0 | ||
| beta-elemene beta-elemene: increases tumor cell immunogenicity by inducing, at least in part, elevated expression of heat shock protein 70 on tumor cell surface. beta-elemene : A sesquiterpene that consists of cyclohexane bearing methyl and vinyl substituents at position 1 as well as two isopropenyl substituents at positions 2 and 4.. (-)-beta-elemene : The (-)-enantiomer of beta-elemene that has (1S,2S,4R)-configuration. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | beta-elemene | antineoplastic agent |
| isavuconazole isavuconazole : A 1,3-thiazole that is butan-2-ol which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 3 by 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, 2,5-difluorophenyl, and 4-(p-cyanophenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl groups, respectively. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis and invasive mucormycosis. | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; nitrile; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug | EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor; orphan drug |
| lu 208075 ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertension | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| scropolioside d scropolioside D: an iridoid glycoside from aerial parts of Scrophularia ilwensis; structure given in first source; Antidiabetic Agent | 7.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| corosolic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | metabolite |
| rebaudioside a rebaudioside A: glucoside isolated from the leaves of the paraguayan shrub, Stevia rebaudiana; has taste properties superior to stevioside; structure in first source. rebaudioside A : A rebaudioside that is rubusoside in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4 of the beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy group at the 13alpha position have both been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside. | 12.39 | 147 | 1 | beta-D-glucoside; rebaudioside; tetracyclic diterpenoid | sweetening agent |
| staurosporine staurosporinium : Conjugate acid of staurosporine. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | ammonium ion derivative | |
| chloralose Chloralose: A derivative of CHLORAL HYDRATE that was used as a sedative but has been replaced by safer and more effective drugs. Its most common use is as a general anesthetic in animal experiments. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bufalin bufalin: cardiotonic; powerful anesthetic & one of the active constituents of the Chinese drug ch'an su(senso); in Japan prepared from skin of Bufo bufo garfarizans; RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer. bufalin : A 14beta-hydroxy steroid that is bufan-20,22-dienolide having hydroxy substituents at the 5beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the skin of the toad Bufo bufo. | 7.25 | 1 | 0 | 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid | animal metabolite; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; cardiotonic drug |
| 1-deoxy-2-pentulose [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | deoxypentose | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| hypericum Hypericum: Genus of perennial plants in the family CLUSIACEAE (sometimes classified as Hypericaceae). Herbal and homeopathic preparations are used for depression, neuralgias, and a variety of other conditions. Hypericum contains flavonoids; GLYCOSIDES; mucilage, TANNINS; volatile oils (OILS, ESSENTIAL), hypericin and hyperforin.. 6-formamidopenicillanic acid : A penicillanic acid having a (6R)-formamido substituent. | 5.87 | 17 | 0 | penicillanic acids | |
| phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine: An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996). phosphagen : Any of a group of guanidine or amidine phosphates that function as storage depots for high-energy phosphate in muscle with the purpose of regenerating ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.. N-phosphocreatine : A phosphoamino acid consisting of creatine having a phospho group attached at the primary nitrogen of the guanidino group. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | phosphagen; phosphoamino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| pimarane pimarane: from Croton joufra; structure in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | diterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent | |
| cadinane cadinane: structure in first source. cadinane : A sesquiterpene consisting of decalin having two methyl substituents at the 1- and 6-positions, an isopropyl substituent at the 4-position and (1S,4S,4aS,6S,8aS)-configuration. | 3.17 | 4 | 0 | sesquiterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent | |
| labdane labdane: from Croton joufra; structure in first source | 3.29 | 6 | 0 | diterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent | |
| oleanane oleanane: from the aerial roots of Ficus microcarpa; structure in first source | 6.9 | 34 | 0 | terpenoid fundamental parent; triterpene | |
| drimane drimane: structure in first source | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | sesquiterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent | |
| taxane taxane: produced by Taxomyces andreanae | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | diterpene; terpenoid fundamental parent | |
| ursane ursane: structure in first source | 2.93 | 3 | 0 | terpenoid fundamental parent; triterpene | |
| chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge. | 3.49 | 2 | 0 | biguanides; monochlorobenzenes | antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent |
| formazans Formazans: Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| gemifloxacin Gemifloxacin: A naphthyridine and fluoroquinolone derivative antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial infections associated with chronic bronchitis.. gemifloxacin : A 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a substituted pyrrolin-1-yl group at the 7-position. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | 1,8-naphthyridine derivative; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; topoisomerase IV inhibitor |
| disilver oxide [no description available] | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | ||
| oleandrigenin oleandrigenin: RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer; structure. oleandrigenin : A steroid ester that is the 16-acetyl derivative of gitoxigenin. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; steroid ester | EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate combination Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination: A fixed-ratio combination of amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| copper(i) triflate [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| erogorgiaene erogorgiaene: from the West Indian gorgonian octocoral, Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae; structure in first source | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bicyclol bicyclol: an antihepatitis drug, on the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in rats. | 2.81 | 3 | 0 | ||
| kb r7943 2-(2-(4-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)phenyl)ethyl)isothiourea methanesulfonate: inhibits the reverse mode of Na+/Ca++ exchange in cells expressing NCX1; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rosavin rosavin: isolated from Rhodiola rosea; structure in first source | 2.53 | 2 | 0 | O-acyl carbohydrate | |
| platyphylloside platyphylloside: from the bark of black alder, inhibits the growth of sensitive and multi-drug resistant non-small cell lung carcinoma cells; structure in first source | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nikkomycin [no description available] | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | ||
| tubuloside b tubuloside B: hepatoprotective agent isolated from Cistanche deserticola; structure in first source | 3.04 | 4 | 0 | ||
| jasplakinolide jasplakinolide: cyclodepsipeptide isolated from marine sponge Jaspis; active against Candida; RN refers to 2S-(2R*,4E,6S*,8R*)-isomer; structure in first source. jaspamide : A cyclodepsipeptide isolated from Jaspis splendens and has been shown to exhibit antineoplastic activity. It is an actin polymerization and stabilization inducer. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | cyclodepsipeptide; phenols | actin polymerisation inducer; animal metabolite; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; marine metabolite; neuroprotective agent |
| sincalide Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
| capsiate [no description available] | 7.21 | 1 | 0 | carboxylic ester; monomethoxybenzene; phenols | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; capsaicin receptor agonist; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite |
| fructosyl-lysine fructosyllysine : A glyco-amino acid consisting of a D-fructosyl residue attached to the epsilon-amino group of L-lysine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | fructosamine; glyco-amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| apigenin-7-o-rutinoside [no description available] | 2.97 | 4 | 0 | ||
| ginsenoside m1 ginsenoside M1: structure in first source. ginsenoside C-K : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid | anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| nk 611 NK 611: structure given in first source | 6.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11). | 4.7 | 27 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent |
| alloin alloin: isolated from various species of aloe; structure | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | diastereoisomeric mixture | EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; laxative |
| bacopaside ii bacopaside II: isolated from Bacopa monniera Wettst; structure in first source | 4.55 | 7 | 0 | ||
| lipid a Lipid A: Lipid A is the biologically active component of lipopolysaccharides. It shows strong endotoxic activity and exhibits immunogenic properties.. lipid A : The glycolipid moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (R can be either hydrogen or a fatty acyl group). | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | dodecanoate ester; lipid A; tetradecanoate ester | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| dapagliflozin [no description available] | 9.42 | 11 | 1 | aromatic ether; C-glycosyl compound; monochlorobenzenes | hypoglycemic agent; sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2 inhibitor |
| ginsenoside rb1 [no description available] | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | ginsenoside; glycoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory drug; anti-obesity agent; apoptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger |
| sucrose monolaurate sucrose monolaurate: RN given refers to monolaurate | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| g(m2) ganglioside G(M2) Ganglioside: A glycosphingolipid that accumulates due to a deficiency of hexosaminidase A or B (BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES), or GM2 activator protein, resulting in GANGLIOSIDOSES, heredity metabolic disorders that include TAY-SACHS DISEASE and SANDHOFF DISEASE.. ganglioside GM2 (18:0) : A sialotriaosylceramide that is N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl group on the sphingosine nitrogen is octadecanoyl. A constituent of natural ganglioside GM2. | 3.24 | 6 | 0 | N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine; sialotriaosylceramide | antigen |
| 2,2,2-trifluorodiazoethane 2,2,2-trifluorodiazoethane: structure in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| neoruscogenin [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| prunin protein, prunus naringenin-7-O-glucoside: from Dracocephalum rupestre; has protective effects against doxorubicin-induced apoptosis | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 6''-o-malonyldaidzin 6''-O-malonyldaidzin: structure in first source. malonyldaidzin : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is daidzein substituted by a 6-O-(carboxyacetyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | glycosyloxyisoflavone; hydroxyisoflavone; malonate ester; monosaccharide derivative | plant metabolite |
| thiocolchicoside thiocolchicoside: used in combination with glafenine and meprobamate to tranquilize patients undergoing hysterosalpingography; structure | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | glycoside | |
| secoisolariciresinol diglucoside secoisolariciresinol diglucoside: major precursor of mammalian lignans; structure given in first source; RN given refers to B-D-GLUCO isomer | 3.35 | 6 | 0 | ||
| berythromycin erythromycin B : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide B having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | erythromycin | |
| ginsenoside rg3 ginsenoside Rg3: from Red ginseng; inhibits lung metastasis of tumor cells; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ginsenoside; glycoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid | angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite |
| theasaponin e1 theasaponin E1: acylated oleanene-type triterpene oligoglycoside from the seeds of the tea plant Camellia sinensis; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hirsutanonol hirsutanonol: a diarylheptanoid from the bark of Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica; inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 expression; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cc 1065 CC 1065: from Streptomyces zelensis; structure in second sourc | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| s 5682 S 5682: a purified flavonoid fraction composed of 90% diosmin 7-rhamnoglucoside and 10% hesperidin 7-rhamnoglucoside | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| zeolites [no description available] | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| g(m1) ganglioside G(M1) Ganglioside: A specific monosialoganglioside that accumulates abnormally within the nervous system due to a deficiency of GM1-b-galactosidase, resulting in GM1 gangliosidosis.. ganglioside GM1 : A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched pentasaccharide made up from one sialyl residue, two galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to N-stearoylsphingosine via a beta-linkage. | 4.79 | 10 | 0 | alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine; sialotetraosylceramide | |
| pipernonaline pipernonaline: derived from long pepper, Piper longum; structure in first source | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxoles | |
| landomycin a landomycin A: structure given in first source; isolated from Streptomyces sp. | 9.23 | 5 | 0 | oligosaccharide | metabolite |
| aluminum oxide Aluminum Oxide: An oxide of aluminum, occurring in nature as various minerals such as bauxite, corundum, etc. It is used as an adsorbent, desiccating agent, and catalyst, and in the manufacture of dental cements and refractories. | 7.9 | 4 | 0 | ||
| frondosin a frondosin A: structure in first source | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| elloramycin elloramycin: isolated from Streptomyces olivaceus; structure given in first source. elloramycin A : A member of the class of tetracenomycins that is 8-demethyltetracenomycin C in which the hydroxyl hydrogens at position 8 and 10 a are replaced by a 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-alpha-L-rhamnosyl and methyl groups respectively. | 2 | 1 | 0 | alpha-L-rhamnoside; carboxylic ester; enol ether; enone; methyl ester; monosaccharide derivative; phenols; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracenomycin | antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite |
| actein actein: a cyclolanostane from the Chinese drug Shoma; structure in first source | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | triterpenoid | metabolite |
| vanicoside b vanicoside B: isolated from Polygonum pensylvanicum; structure in first source | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| fidaxomicin Fidaxomicin: A narrow-spectrum macrolide antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of diarrhea associated with CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION.. fidaxomicin : An 18-membered macrolide that is a fermentation product obtained from the Actinomycete Dactylosporangium aurantiacum. A narrow spectrum antibiotic used for treatment of Clostridium difficile-related infections. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | ||
| phosphoramidite phosphoramidite: structure in first source. phosphoramidite : A compound with the general formula (RO)2PNR2. Phosphoramidites can be regarded as phosphites that have an NR2 instead of an OH group, or as amides of phosphorous acid. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 18f-faza fluoroazomycin arabinoside: used for hypoxia-specific imaging; structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| kaempferol 7-o-glucoside kaempferol 7-O-glucoside: structure in first source. kaempferol 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A kaempferol O-glucoside that is kaempferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.79 | 3 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; flavonols; kaempferol O-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | metabolite; plant metabolite; radical scavenger |
| linagliptin Linagliptin: A purine and quinazoline derivative that functions as an INCRETIN and DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBTOR. It is used as a HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT in the treatment of TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS.. linagliptin : A xanthine that is 7H-xanthine bearing (4-methylquinazolin-2-yl)methyl, methyl, but-2-yn-1-yl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 7 and 8 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used for treatment of type II diabetes. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | aminopiperidine; quinazolines | EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent |
| tribulus Tribulus: A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. Members contain steroidal saponins. Ingestion by grazing animals causes PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS called geeldikkop (yellow thick head) in South Africa. | 7.79 | 3 | 0 | ||
| azd 6244 AZD 6244: a MEK inhibitor | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles; bromobenzenes; hydroxamic acid ester; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound | anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor |
| vincosamide vincosamide: isolated from Anthocephalus cadamba; structure in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid indole alkaloid | |
| delphinidin 3-sambubioside delphinidin 3-sambubioside: a Hibiscus anthocyanin that induces apoptosis in human leukemia cells through reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathway. delphinidin 3-O-beta-D-sambubioside : An anthocyanidin 3-O-beta-D-sambubioside having delphinidin as the anthocyanidin component. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | anthocyanidin 3-O-beta-D-sambubioside | apoptosis inducer; metabolite |
| artenimol artenimol: derivative of antimalarial drug artemisinin (quinghaosu) | 2.66 | 2 | 0 | ||
| bryonolic acid bryonolic acid: structure given in first source; an anti-allergy agent isolated from Luffa cylindrica, the roots of Bryonia dioica, and the fruit hulls of Sandrica indicum | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| trans-sodium crocetinate trans-sodium crocetinate: vitamin A-analog that increases diffusivity of oxygen in aqueous solutions, including plasma | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | ||
| alpha-synuclein alpha-Synuclein: A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES and plays a role in SYNUCLEINOPATHIES, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. | 3.21 | 4 | 0 | ||
| nymphaeol c nymphaeol C: from the leaves of Macaranga tanarius; structure in first source. nymphaeol C : A tetrahydroxyflavanone that is (2S)-flavanone substituted by hydroxy group at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4', a geranyl group at position 2' and a prenyl group at position 6. Isolated from Macaranga tanarius and propolis collected in Okinawa, it exhibits radical scavenging activity. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 4'-hydroxyflavanones; tetrahydroxyflavanone | metabolite; radical scavenger |
| 1-azafagomine 1-azafagomine: inhibits processing glycosidase; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pumiloside pumiloside: structure in first source | 2.58 | 2 | 0 | glycoside | |
| beta-acetyldigoxin Acetyldigoxins: Alpha- or beta-acetyl derivatives of DIGOXIN or lanatoside C from Digitalis lanata. They are better absorbed and longer acting than digoxin and are used in congestive heart failure. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | cardenolide glycoside | |
| lyngbouilloside lyngbouilloside: a glycosidic macrolide from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya bouillonii; structure in first source | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 1,6-anhydro-beta-d-mannopyranose mannosan: structure in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ligustroflavone ligustroflavone: an apigenin triglycoside from the leaves of Ligustrum vulgare; structure in first source | 3.46 | 7 | 0 | ||
| hellebrin hellebrin: from Helleborus purpurascens (Ranunculaceae) | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | alpha-L-rhamnoside; disaccharide derivative | |
| ipragliflozin [no description available] | 4.5 | 2 | 0 | glycoside | |
| cucurbitacin iib cucurbitacin IIb: has anti-inflammatory activity; isolated from Hemsleya amabilis; structure in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms. | 3.47 | 8 | 0 | ||
| alliarinoside alliarinoside: A cyanoallyl glucoside from Alliaria petiolata; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cypellocarpin c cypellocarpin C: isolated from Eucalyptus cypellocarpa; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| isomalyngamide a isomalyngamide A: from the Hawaiian cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula; structure in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| digalactosyldiacylglycerol digalactosyldiacylglycerol: two Galactoses bound to diacylglycerol; the mono Gal MGDG is also available; constitutes 20% of plant chloroplast lipids; see also 1,2-distearoyldigalactosyldiglyceride | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-(6,7-difluoroquinolonyl)ampicillin N-(6,7-difluoroquinolonyl)ampicillin: structure given in first source | 3.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lanatoside a [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bis(pyridine)iodonium(i) tetrafluoroborate bis(pyridine)iodonium(I) tetrafluoroborate: an iodinating reagent for peptides | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| esculeoside a esculeoside A: a major component contained in the ripe tomato Lycopersicon esculentum fruits; structure in first source. esculeoside A : A steroid saponin that is spirosolane-3,23,27-triol in which the hydroxy group at position 23 is acetylated and the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 27 are glycosylated by lycotetraosyl and a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moieties respectively. Isolated from the fruits of Lycopersicon esculentum, it exhibits cytotoxic activity. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | azaspiro compound; oxaspiro compound; saponin; steroid alkaloid; steroid saponin | antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| olivose olivose: RN given for (D)-isomer | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | hexose | |
| artemisic acid artemisic acid: isolated from Artemisia annua; MF: C28-H58-O; RN from Toxline. (+)-artemisinic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is prop-2-enoic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydronaphthalen-1-yl group (the 1S,4R,4aS,8aR diastereoisomer). It is a sesquiterpenoid precursor of artemisinin, obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | carbobicyclic compound; monocarboxylic acid; octahydronaphthalenes; sesquiterpenoid | metabolite |
| 26-deoxyactein 26-deoxyactein: cyclolanostane from the Chinese drug Shoma; structure in first source | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | triterpenoid | metabolite |
| ribose ribopyranose : The pyranose form of ribose. | 12.12 | 69 | 0 | D-ribose; ribopyranose | |
| thyrsiferol thyrsiferol: RN given for (2R-(2alpha(S*(S*(2R*,5R*))),4abeta,(alpha(2S*,5R*),8aalpha)-isomer; a marine algae metabolite; structure in first source | 7.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acebutolol alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-mannose : An alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha configuration. | 5.99 | 112 | 0 | alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose | |
| garcimangosone d garcimangosone D: from Garcinia mangostana (Guttiferae); structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | glycoside | |
| lactulose Lactulose: A synthetic disaccharide used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. It has also been used in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p887). lactulose : A synthetic galactosylfructose disaccharide used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | ||
| gilvocarcin v gilvocarcin V: from Actinomycete DO-38; structure given in first source | 6.73 | 45 | 0 | ||
| idopyranose L-idose : The L-stereoisomer of idose.. L-idopyranose : The pyranose form of L-idose. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | L-idose | |
| atractyligenine atractyligenine: structure in first source. atractyligenin : A diterpenoid isolated from coffee silverskin. It inhibits cutaneous photoaging. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | carbotetracyclic compound; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; ent-kaurane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid | plant metabolite |
| benzyl glucopyranoside benzyl glucopyranoside: structure in first source | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| brimonidine tartrate Brimonidine Tartrate: A quinoxaline derivative and ADRENERGIC ALHPA-2 RECEPTOR AGONIST that is used to manage INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE associated with OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| procyanidin b1 procyanidin B1 : A proanthocyanidin consisting of (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin units joined by a bond between positions 4 and 8' respectively in a beta-configuration.. Procyanidin B1 can be found in Cinnamomum verum (Ceylon cinnamon, in the rind, bark or cortex), in Uncaria guianensis (cat's claw, in the root), and in Vitis vinifera (common grape vine, in the leaf) or in peach. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | biflavonoid; hydroxyflavan; polyphenol; proanthocyanidin | anti-inflammatory agent; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; metabolite |
| ascochlorin ascochlorin: structure in first source. ascochlorin : A dihydroxybenzaldehyde that is 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde which is substituted by a (1E,3E)-3-methyl-1-[(1R,2R,6R)-1,2,6-trimethyl-3-oxocyclohexyl]penta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at position 3, chlorine at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6. A meroterpenoid produced by several fungi including Ascochyta viciae . It exhibits anticancer, antifungal and antiprotozoal activities. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | cyclohexanones; dihydroxybenzaldehyde; meroterpenoid; monochlorobenzenes; olefinic compound; resorcinols; sesquiterpenoid | angiogenesis inhibitor; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; fungal metabolite |
| nystatin a1 Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species. | 4.43 | 7 | 0 | nystatins | |
| apoptolidin apoptolidin: an apoptosis inducer in transformed cells from Nocardiopsis sp.; structure in first source | 2.95 | 4 | 0 | ||
| isoesculeogenin a isoesculeogenin A: isolated from the ripe tomato; structure in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| zampanolide zampanolide: structure in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 32,33,34,35-bacteriohopanetetrol 32,33,34,35-bacteriohopanetetrol: hopanoid from Rhodopseudomonas acidophila; structure given in first source. bacteriohopane-32,33,34,35-tetrol : A hopanoid that is bacteriohopane carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 32, 33, 34 and 35. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | hopanoid; tetrol | antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; lipoxygenase inhibitor |
| kalopanax saponin b kalopanax saponin B: isolated from Kalopanax septemlobus; structure given in first source. kalopanaxsaponin B : A triterpenoid saponin with hederagenin as the aglycone part. It has been isolated from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | carboxylic ester; pentacyclic triterpenoid; triterpenoid saponin | anti-inflammatory agent; plant metabolite |
| psoralenoside psoralenoside: structure in first source | 8.62 | 8 | 0 | ||
| oleandrin oleandrin: structure. oleandrin : A steroid saponin that consists of oleandrigenin having a 2,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl residue attached to the oxygen function at position 3. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | 14beta-hydroxy steroid; cardenolide glycoside; steroid ester; steroid saponin | |
| chir 090 CHIR 090: structure in first source. CHIR-090 : An L-threonine derivative obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({4-[(morpholin-4-yl)methyl]phenyl}ethynyl)benzoic acid with the amino group of N-hydroxy-L-threoninamide. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | acetylenic compound; benzamides; hydroxamic acid; L-threonine derivative; morpholines | antimicrobial agent; EC 3.5.1.108 (UDP-3-O-acyl-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase) inhibitor; lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis inhibitor |
| ki11502 Ki11502: a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that induces growth arrest and apoptosis of human leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo; structure in first source. Ki11502 : A member of the class of quinolines that acts as a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and apoptosis inducer with potential for use in treatment of leukemia and colorectal cancer. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; benzamides; quinolines; thioureas | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor |
| isopsoralenoside isopsoralenoside: structure in first source | 8.36 | 6 | 0 | ||
| sitagliptin phosphate Sitagliptin Phosphate: A pyrazine-derived DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBITOR and HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT that increases the levels of the INCRETIN hormones GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). It is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES. | 4.39 | 1 | 1 | ||
| chlorophyll b [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | chlorophyll | cofactor |
| murucoidin v murucoidin V: from morning glory; structure in first source | 3.02 | 4 | 0 | ||
| veratridine Veratridine: A benzoate-cevane found in VERATRUM and Schoenocaulon. It activates SODIUM CHANNELS to stay open longer than normal. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diospongin a diospongin A: structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxystilbene oleocanthal: newly pressed extra-virgin olive oil contains oleocanthal, acting as a natural anti-inflammatory compound that has a potency and profile strikingly similar to that of ibuprofen; structure in first source. oleocanthal : A carboxylic ester that is the 2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester of (3S)-4-formyl-3-(2-oxoethyl)hex-4-enoic acid. Oleocanthal is found in olive oil but it is not clear whether the natural product is a mixture of E/Z isomers or a single isomer as the two isomers readily interconvert in solution; most pharmacological studies will have been performed using a mixture. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ginsenoside rd ginsenoside Rd: RN refers to (3beta,12beta)-isomer. ginsenoside Rd : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to its beta-D-glucopyranoside. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory drug; apoptosis inducer; immunosuppressive agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite; vulnerary |
| omecamtiv mecarbil [no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| lyoniresinol lyoniresinol: isoalted from the vine stem of Bauhinia championii; structure in first source. (+)-lyoniresinol : A lignan that is tetralin substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy group at position 4, hydroxymethyl groups at positions 2 and 3, methoxy groups at positions 5 and 7 and a hydroxy group at position 6. Isolated from Machilus robusta and Sinocalamus affinis, it exhibits antineoplastic activity. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dimethoxybenzene; lignan; polyphenol; primary alcohol; tetralins | antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| galactosan galactosan: structure in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dc 88-a duocarmycin A: from a Streptomycete | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| guluronic acid [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | carbohydrate acid derivative | |
| imidazolone imidazolone: a reaction product of arginine with 3-deoxyglucosone which markedly accumulates in uremic serum; structure in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | |
| diosgenin glucoside diosgenin glucoside: RN given refers to (3beta,25R)-isomer; structure given in first source. diosgenin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : A sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside having diosgenin as the sterol component. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | hexacyclic triterpenoid; monosaccharide derivative; spiroketal; sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside | metabolite |
| alpha-Neup5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fucp-(1->3)]-D-GlcpNAc Sialyl Lewis X Antigen: A sialylated version of Lewis X antigen expressed on cell surfaces. It is a ligand for SELECTINS.. alpha-Neup5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fucp-(1->3)]-D-GlcpNAc : A branched amino tetrasaccharide consisting of a sialyl residue, linked (2->3) to a galactosyl residue that in turn is linked (1->4) to a glucosaminyl residue, which is also carrying a fucosyl residue at the 3-position. | 3.71 | 10 | 0 | amino tetrasaccharide; glucosamine oligosaccharide | epitope |
| pulvomycin pulvomycin: isolated from culture MA-2465; structure | 3.34 | 7 | 0 | ||
| n-acetylmannosamine N-acetylmannosamine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. N-acetylmannosamine : Any mannosamine carrying an N-acetyl substituent | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| empagliflozin [no description available] | 6.28 | 6 | 0 | aromatic ether; C-glycosyl compound; monochlorobenzenes; tetrahydrofuryl ether | hypoglycemic agent; sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2 inhibitor |
| calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems. | 3.48 | 8 | 0 | benzoxazole | |
| dihydroouabain dihydroouabain: RN given refers to (1beta,3beta,5beta,11alpha,20xi)-isomer. dihydroouabain : A cardenolide glycoside that is ouabain in which the double bond in the lactone ring has been reduced to a single bond. It is a cardiac glycoside and a derivative of ouabain which is used as a sodium pump antagonist and exhibits ionotropic effects. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| dextrothyroxine [no description available] | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | ||
| tachioside tachioside: from the linseed meal; structure in first source | 7.81 | 3 | 0 | ||
| sepharose agarose : A linear polysaccharide made up from alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose residues joined by alpha-(1->3)- and beta-(1->4)-linkages. | 9.22 | 18 | 0 | ||
| scopolamine hydrobromide [no description available] | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | ||
| methylamphotericin b methylamphotericin B: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | macrolide; methyl ester; monosaccharide derivative | antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; metabolite |
| asperulosidic acid asperulosidic acid: from the fruit juice of Morinda citrifolia (noni), a plant originally grown in the Hawaiian and Tahitian islands, has long been used by islanders to treat diseases, including cancer; structure in first source | 9.19 | 15 | 0 | glycoside; iridoid monoterpenoid | |
| pituitrin Pituitrin: A substance or extract from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | ||
| gentiodelphin gentiodelphin: RN given for (E,E)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | anthocyanidin glycoside | |
| ra v RA V: structure given in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| podophyllin Podophyllin: Caustic extract from the roots of Podophyllum peltatum and P. emodi. It contains PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and its congeners and is very irritating to mucous membranes and skin. Podophyllin is a violent purgative that may cause CNS damage and teratogenesis. It is used as a paint for warts, skin neoplasms, and senile keratoses. | 3.33 | 7 | 0 | ||
| viridiflorol viridiflorol: a strong feeding deterrent for the melaleuca weevil that retards larval development; structure in first source. viridiflorol : A carbotricyclic compound that is (1aS,4aR,7aR,7bR)-decahydro-1H-cyclopropa[e]azulene carrying four methyl substituents at positions 1, 1, 4 and 7 as well as a hydroxy substituent at position 4. It is a sesquiterpenoid isolated from several plant species and is a strong feeding deterrent for the melaleuca weevil that retards larval development. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | carbotricyclic compound; sesquiterpenoid; tertiary alcohol | anti-inflammatory agent; antifeedant; antimycobacterial drug; plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| verproside verproside: from Pseudolysimachion longifolium; structure in first source | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | glycoside | metabolite |
| verminoside verminoside: from Kigelia africana; structure in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | metabolite |
| rhodomyrtone rhodomyrtone: antibacterial from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa; structure in first source | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| morelloflavone morelloflavone: also inhibits cruzain; RN given for (2S-trans)-isomer; structure in first source. (+)-morelloflavone : A biflavonoid found in Rheedia edulis and Garcinia livingstonei. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | biflavonoid; hydroxyflavanone; hydroxyflavone | plant metabolite |
| tenacigenin b tenacigenin B: from the plant Marsdenia tenacissima; structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| resorcinarene resorcinarene: structure in first source | 7.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| jadomycin a jadomycin A: the aglycone of jadomycin B; structure in first source. jadomycin A : A organic heteropentacyclic compound that is 1,2,8,13-tetrahydro-3aH-benzo[b][1,3]oxazolo[3,2-f]phenanthridine which carries oxo groups at positions 2, 8 and 13, methyl group at position 5, hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 12, and a (2R)-butan-2-yl group at position 1. It is a mixture of epimers at the hemiaminal carbon (position 3a). | 3.58 | 2 | 0 | ||
| arabinofuranosyluracil Arabinofuranosyluracil: A pyrimidine nucleoside formed in the body by the deamination of CYTARABINE. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cinnamosmolide cinnamosmolide: isolated from several species of Canellaceae family; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phytosterols Phytosterols: A class of organic compounds known as sterols or STEROIDS derived from plants.. phytosterols : Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. | 14.27 | 100 | 1 | ||
| tyvelose tyvelose: see also records for paratose & colitose; RN given refers to (D)-isomer | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | ||
| alloin barbaloin: RN given refers to (R)-isomer; source for isobarbaloin is Biol Pharm Bull 1998 Nov; 21(11):1226-7 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid alphitolic acid: from the aerial parts of Gouania longipetala; structure in first source. 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is betulinic acid carrying an additional alpha-hydroxy group at position 2. It has been isolated from Breynia fruticosa. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid | plant metabolite |
| apis apiose: RN given refers to (D)-isomer; structure | 2.88 | 3 | 0 | carbohydrate | |
| ouabagenin ouabagenin: inhibitor of ATPASE; structure. ouabagenin : A hexahydroxy steroidal lactone obtained by hydrolysis of ouabain. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 1-hydroxy steroid; 11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 19-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid | EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor |
| cannogenin thevetoside cannogenin thevetoside: from Thevetia neriifolia; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search CARDENOLIDES (77-84), CARDANOLIDES (75-76); RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | cardenolide glycoside | |
| rifamycins [no description available] | 3.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
| neoxanthin neoxanthin: one of the main carotenoids in chloroplasts of higher plants and algae; RN given refers to (9'-cis)-isomer. neoxanthin : An epoxycarotenoid that is 6,7-didehydro-5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-5',6'-epoxy-beta,beta-carotene which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3, 3', and 5 positions. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sudachitin sudachitin: antimicrobial from the peels of Citrus sudachi; structure in first source | 4.94 | 10 | 0 | ether; flavonoids | |
| thienopyrimidine thienopyrimidine: structure in first source. thienopyrimidine : A class of aromatic heterobicyclic compounds each of which contains a pyrimidine ring ortho fused to a 5-membered thiophene ring. | 7.81 | 3 | 0 | ||
| clove Madagascar: One of the Indian Ocean Islands off the southeast coast of Africa. Its capital is Antananarivo. It was formerly called the Malagasy Republic. Discovered by the Portuguese in 1500, its history has been tied predominantly to the French, becoming a French protectorate in 1882, a French colony in 1896, and a territory within the French union in 1946. The Malagasy Republic was established in the French Community in 1958 but it achieved independence in 1960. Its name was changed to Madagascar in 1975. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p714) | 4.53 | 23 | 0 | ||
| helicide helicide: structure given in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | glycoside | |
| acid phosphatase Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2. | 4.3 | 20 | 0 | ||
| erythrosine Erythrosine: A tetraiodofluorescein used as a red coloring in some foods (cherries, fish), as a disclosure of DENTAL PLAQUE, and as a stain of some cell types. It has structural similarity to THYROXINE.. erythrosin B : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of 2-(2,4,5,7-tetraiodo-6-oxido-3-oxo-8a,10a-dihydroxanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| ants Ants: Insects of the family Formicidae, very common and widespread, probably the most successful of all the insect groups. All ants are social insects, and most colonies contain three castes, queens, males, and workers. Their habits are often very elaborate and a great many studies have been made of ant behavior. Ants produce a number of secretions that function in offense, defense, and communication. (From Borror, et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p676) | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | ||
| asterina Asterina: A genus of STARFISH in the family Asterinidae. They externally hold developing embryos (EMBRYO, NON-MAMMALIAN) among the spines below the oral surface. | 7.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lnd 623 LND 623: structure given in first source | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | ||
| rebaudioside c [no description available] | 3.25 | 5 | 0 | ||
| ortho-topolin riboside ortho-topolin riboside: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-o-acetylharpagide 8-O-acetylharpagide: an iridoid isolated from Ajuga raptans | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| luteolin-7-o-glucuronide luteolin-7-O-glucuronide: from the leaves and flowers of the cannabinoid-free cannabis (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa L., Cannabaceae); structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cauloside c [no description available] | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| taraxasteryl acetate taraxasteryl acetate: from Inula britannica; an anti-hepatitis substance; do not confuse with psi-taraxasterol acetate | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | metabolite |
| maltoheptaose maltoheptaose: consists of seven glucose residues in a linear 1,4-alpha-linkage; substrate for determining alpha-amylase in serum; RN given refers to (D-glucopyranose)-isomer. maltoheptaose : A maltoheptaose heptasaccharide in which the glucose residue at the reducing end is in the aldehydo open-chain form.. alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-D-Glcp : A maltoheptaose heptasaccharide consisting of six alpha-D-glucose residues and a D-glucose residue joined in sequence by (1->4) glycosidic bonds. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | maltoheptaose heptasaccharide | |
| chikusetsu saponin iva chikusetsu saponin IVa: from the tubers of Hemsleya pengxianensis (Cucurbitaceae) | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | triterpenoid saponin | metabolite |
| bisdesmoside bisdesmoside: cytotoxic saponin from tubers of Bolbostemma paniculatum; structure in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ptaquiloside ptaquiloside: a norsesquiterpene from bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum); not a pteridine; can be activated to alkylate DNA | 9.91 | 4 | 0 | ||
| odoratin odoratin: structure; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sarasinoside a1 sarasinoside A1: isolated from Palauan marine sponge Asteropus sarasinosum; structure given in first source | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 4-nitrophenyl-n,n',n'',n''',n''''-pentaacetyl-beta-chitopentaoside 4-nitrophenyl-N,N',N'',N''',N''''-pentaacetyl-beta-chitopentaoside: synthetic substrate for the colorimetric assay of lysozyme; structure given in first source | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| ligstroside ligstroside: structure in first source. ligstroside : A secoiridoid glycoside that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the anomeric hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted into its beta-D-glucoside and the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 4-hydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2S,3E,4S stereoisomer). An important phenolic compound present in olive cultivars. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; diester; methyl ester; phenols; pyrans; secoiridoid glycoside | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| bavachin bavachin: from Psoralea corylifolia (Leguminosae), has osteoblastic proliferation stimulating activity; do not confuse with bavachinin | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| astragaloside vii astragaloside VII: from Astragalus trojanus Stev.; structure in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| peonidin 3-glucoside peonidin 3-glucoside: the methylated form of cyanidin 3-glucoside | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| asperflavin asperflavin: metabolic product of Aspergillus flavus | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| periplocin periplocin: isolated from Periploca calophylla | 2.64 | 3 | 0 | ||
| lyoniside lyoniside: see also eleutherosides & syringin for eleutheroside B: 118-34-3; RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer | 9.03 | 14 | 0 | ||
| oregonin oregonin: a diarylheptanoid from the bark of Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica; inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 expression; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | diarylheptanoid | |
| 2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid 2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid: inhibits salicylic acid synthesis | 7.71 | 3 | 0 | ||
| jujubogenin jujubogenin: dammarane type triterpene | 7.74 | 3 | 0 | ||
| fortunellin fortunellin: from Mentha piperita; structure in first source | 3.42 | 6 | 0 | ||
| friedelane friedelane: from leaves of Maytenus aquifolium (Celastraceae); structure in first source. friedelane : A triterpene that is docosahydropicene substituted by 8 methyl groups at positions 2, 2, 4a, 6a, 8a, 9, 12b and 14a. | 3.16 | 1 | 0 | triterpene | metabolite |
| pluramycin [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyanidin-3-o-beta-glucopyranoside cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside: a natural compound distributed in several fruits & vegetables, such as strawberry, rhubarb, cherry, red cabbage, red onion, cranberries, etc. | 4.07 | 4 | 0 | ||
| malonylgenistin malonylgenistin: structure in first source. malonylgenistin : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is genistin in which the hydroxy hydrogen at position 6'' has been replaced by a malonyl group. | 2.58 | 2 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; glycosyloxyisoflavone; hydroxyisoflavone; malonate ester; monosaccharide derivative | plant metabolite |
| nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety. | 6.1 | 41 | 0 | organophosphate oxoanion | cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| foetidin foetidin: extract of Momordica foetida consisting of equal parts sitosterol glucoside & 5,25-stigmastadiene-ol glucoside | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | coumarins | |
| cytochrome c-t Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV. | 5.11 | 16 | 0 | ||
| nostoxanthin nostoxanthin: structure in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | xanthophyll | |
| myxol myxol: structure in first source | 7.44 | 2 | 0 | xanthophyll | |
| 3,6-anhydrogalactose 3,6-anhydrogalactose: structure in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde; anhydrohexose | |
| ceruletide Ceruletide: A specific decapeptide obtained from the skin of Hila caerulea, an Australian amphibian. Caerulein is similar in action and composition to CHOLECYSTOKININ. It stimulates gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion; and certain smooth muscle. It is used in paralytic ileus and as diagnostic aid in pancreatic malfunction.. ceruletide : A decapeptide comprising 5-oxoprolyl, glutamyl, aspartyl, O-sulfotyrosyl, threonyl, glycyl, tryptopyl, methionyl, aspartyl and phenylalaninamide residues in sequence. Found in the skins of certain Australian amphibians, it is an analogue of the gastrointestinal peptide hormone cholecystokinin and stimulates gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion. It is used in cases of paralysis of the intestine (paralytic ileus) and as a diagnostic aid in pancreatic malfunction. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | diagnostic agent; gastrointestinal drug |
| oenothein a oenothein A: from leaves of Oenothera biennis; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| oenothein b oenothein B: from Oenothera erythrosepala Bordas; exhibits strong antitumor activity against MM2 ascites tumors & inhibits the growth of Meth-A solid-type tumors in mice; 5 alpha reductase testosterone inhibitor | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hes1 protein, human HES1 protein, human: RefSeq NM_005524 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | ||
| gastrins Gastrins: A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| gramicidin a Gramicidin: A group of peptide antibiotics from BACILLUS brevis. Gramicidin C or S is a cyclic, ten-amino acid polypeptide and gramicidins A, B, D are linear. Gramicidin is one of the two principal components of TYROTHRICIN. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | ||
| glucagon Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence. | 3.66 | 10 | 0 | peptide hormone | |
| actinoidins actinoidins: belongs to vancomycin antibiotic group; RN given refers to actinoidin | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| beta-endorphin beta-Endorphin: A 31-amino acid peptide that is the C-terminal fragment of BETA-LIPOTROPIN. It acts on OPIOID RECEPTORS and is an analgesic. Its first four amino acids at the N-terminal are identical to the tetrapeptide sequence of METHIONINE ENKEPHALIN and LEUCINE ENKEPHALIN.. beta-endorphin : A polypeptide consisting of 31 amino acid residues in the sequence Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-Thr-Ser-Glu-Lys-Ser-Gln-Thr-Pro-Leu-Val-Thr-Leu-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ala-Ile-Ile-Lys-Asn-Ala-Tyr-Lys-Lys-Gly-Glu. It is an endogenous opioid peptide neurotransmitter found in the neurons of both the central and peripheral nervous system and results from processing of the precursor protein proopiomelanocortin (POMC). | 3.51 | 2 | 0 | ||
| emerimicins Peptaibols: A group of peptides characterized by length of 1-2 dozen residues with a high proportion of them being non-proteinogenic, notably alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) and isovaline, and have a C-terminal amino alcohol and N terminal alkyl group. They are found in FUNGI and some are ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS. They form channels or pores in target organisms. The term is a contraction of peptide-Aib-alcohol. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| angiotensinogen Angiotensinogen: An alpha-globulin of about 453 amino acids, depending on the species. It is produced by the liver in response to lowered blood pressure and secreted into blood circulation. Angiotensinogen is the inactive precursor of the ANGIOTENSINS produced in the body by successive enzyme cleavages. Cleavage of angiotensinogen by RENIN yields the decapeptide ANGIOTENSIN I. Further cleavage of angiotensin I (by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME) yields the potent vasoconstrictor octapeptide ANGIOTENSIN II; and then, via other enzymes, other angiotensins also involved in the hemodynamic-regulating RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tannins Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing. | 9.07 | 94 | 0 | ||
| oligonucleotides [no description available] | 6.39 | 22 | 0 | ||
| anticodon Anticodon: The sequential set of three nucleotides in TRANSFER RNA that interacts with its complement in MESSENGER RNA, the CODON, during translation in the ribosome. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glucagon-like peptide 1 Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: A peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. GLP-1(1-37 or 1-36) is further N-terminally truncated resulting in GLP-1(7-37) or GLP-1-(7-36) which can be amidated. These GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake. | 10.42 | 13 | 6 | ||
| incretins Incretins: Peptides which stimulate INSULIN release from the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS following oral nutrient ingestion, or postprandially. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thiazomycin thiazomycin: isolated from Amycolatopsis fastidiosa; structure in first source. thiazomycin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide isolated from Amycolatopsis fastidiosa. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | heterodetic cyclic peptide | antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite |
| c-peptide C-Peptide: The middle segment of proinsulin that is between the N-terminal B-chain and the C-terminal A-chain. It is a pancreatic peptide of about 31 residues, depending on the species. Upon proteolytic cleavage of proinsulin, equimolar INSULIN and C-peptide are released. C-peptide immunoassay has been used to assess pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic patients with circulating insulin antibodies or exogenous insulin. Half-life of C-peptide is 30 min, almost 8 times that of insulin. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | ||
| ristocetin Ristocetin: An antibiotic mixture of two components, A and B, obtained from Nocardia lurida (or the same substance produced by any other means). It is no longer used clinically because of its toxicity. It causes platelet agglutination and blood coagulation and is used to assay those functions in vitro.. ristocetin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is produced by species of Amycolatopsis and Nocardia. | 2.87 | 4 | 0 | glycopeptide; heterodetic cyclic peptide; macrocycle; tetrasaccharide derivative | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; platelet-activating factor receptor agonist |
| cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications. | 8.75 | 61 | 1 | glycoside | |
| endothelin-1 Endothelin-1: A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63) | 7.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety. | 5 | 41 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |
| atractyloside Atractyloside: A glycoside of a kaurene type diterpene that is found in some plants including Atractylis gummifera (ATRACTYLIS); COFFEE; XANTHIUM, and CALLILEPIS. Toxicity is due to inhibition of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE. | 5.66 | 81 | 0 | ||
| chlorophyll a Chlorophyll: Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.. chlorophyll : A family of magnesium porphyrins, defined by the presence of a fifth ring beyond the four pyrrole-like rings. The rings can have various side chains which usually include a long phytol chain. | 5.38 | 19 | 0 | chlorophyll; methyl ester | cofactor |
| salirepin salirepin: isolated from Symplocos racemosa; structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | glycoside | |
| urea stibamine [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bi(otf)3 Bi(OTf)3: structure in first source | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | ||
| glaziovianin a glaziovianin A: structure in first source | 3.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| didymin didymin: a dietary glycoside from citrus fruits that induces Fas-mediated apoptotic pathway in human non-small-cell lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo; structure in first source | 8.21 | 21 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| adenosine kinase Adenosine Kinase: An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of ADP plus AMP from adenosine plus ATP. It can serve as a salvage mechanism for returning adenosine to nucleic acids. EC 2.7.1.20. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sodium salicylate [no description available] | 3.45 | 8 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| ubiquinone Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | ||
| pinoresinol pinoresinol: in plants; a furo[3,4-c]furan created from dimer of coniferyl alcohol. pinoresinol : A lignan that is tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted at positions 1 and 4 by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl groups. | 3.86 | 11 | 0 | ||
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol-elenolic acid dialdehyde oleacein: found in olive oil; structure in first source | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | alcohol; phenols | |
| pentaacetylgitoxin pentaacetylgitoxin: structure; RN given refers to (3beta,5beta,16beta)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| k-strophanthin-beta strophanthin K: induces arrhythmias; see also K-strophanthin-beta | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | cardenolide glycoside; steroid aldehyde | |
| k-strophanthoside K-strophanthoside: cardiac glycoside extracted from Strophanthus kombe; sugars (glucose-glucose-cymarose) are bonded with strophanthidin | 1.92 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lucifer yellow lucifer yellow: RN given refers to di-Li salt | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | organic lithium salt | fluorochrome |
| 6-tuliposide a 6-tuliposide A: from Alstroemeria ligtu L.; structure given in first source; RN given from Chem Abstr. Index Guide 1985; RN not Chemline 9/85. 6-tuliposide A : A 6-O-acyl-D-glucose that is the 6-O-(4-hydroxy-2-methylenebutanoyl) derivative of D-glucopyranose. | 3.53 | 8 | 0 | 6-O-acyl-D-glucose; homoallylic alcohol | allergen; metabolite |
| sapogenins Sapogenins: The aglucon moiety of a saponin molecule. It may be triterpenoid or steroid, usually spirostan, in nature. | 6.89 | 37 | 0 | ||
| 4-amino-4,6-dideoxyglucose 4-amino-4,6-dideoxyglucose: structure in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| arjunic acid arjunic acid: from Terminalia arjuna; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| strictosidinic acid strictosidinic acid: a neurotransmitter agent isolated from Psychotria myriantha; structure in first source | 3.35 | 6 | 0 | ||
| Icariside E4 icariside E4: has antinociceptive activity; isolated from Tabebuia roseo-alba; structure in first source | 2.55 | 2 | 0 | benzofurans | metabolite |
| bacopaside i bacopaside I: isolated from Bacopa monniera Wettst; structure in first source | 4.05 | 4 | 0 | ||
| bacopasaponin c bacopasaponin C: triterpene glycoside from Indian medicinal plant Bacopa monniera (b. brahmi); a glycosidic pseudojujobogenin with glucose and rhamnose at the 3-position; | 4.87 | 10 | 0 | ||
| 2'-acetylacteoside 2'-acetylacteoside: hepatoprotective agent isolated from Cistanch deserticola; structure in first source | 2.99 | 4 | 0 | ||
| oxypaeoniflora oxypaeoniflora: from Paeonia lactiflora | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | 4-hydroxybenzoate ester; beta-D-glucoside; bridged compound; cyclic acetal; lactol; monoterpene glycoside | plant metabolite |
| caudatin caudatin: antineoplastic from Cynanchum; structure in first source | 10.52 | 19 | 0 | ||
| strospeside strospeside : A cardenolide glycoside in which the parent structure gitoxigenin is glycosylated at the 3beta-hydroxy group by beta-D-digitalose. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | cardenolide glycoside | |
| 23-epi-26-deoxyactein 23-epi-26-deoxyactein: 23-epi-26-deoxyactein was previously designated as 27-deoxyactein; from the roots/rhizomes of Cimicifuga racemosa; structure in first source | 2.97 | 4 | 0 | triterpenoid | metabolite |
| ilexgenin a ilexgenin A: extract from the leaves of the plant | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nothofagin nothofagin: a dihydrochalcone | 2.76 | 2 | 0 | ||
| chitosan [no description available] | 4.51 | 21 | 0 | ||
| mannopentaose mannopentaose: 5 mannose residues having 1,2-linkages. mannopentaose : Any pentasaccharide composed of 5 mannose moieties. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| aminoarabinose [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| octyl galactopyranoside octyl galactopyranoside: the minimum acceptor-substrate for H transferase; structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| potassium borohydride [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| marmycin a marmycin A: cytotoxic compound from a marine sediment-derived actinomycete related to the genus Streptomyces; structure in first source | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| mesna Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | organosulfonic acid | |
| sodium oxybate Sodium Oxybate: The sodium salt of 4-hydroxybutyric acid. It is used for both induction and maintenance of ANESTHESIA. | 4.36 | 20 | 0 | ||
| bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP. | 3.91 | 13 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide | |
| cucumarioside a2-2 cucumarioside A2-2: isolated from Cucumaria japonica; structure in first source | 8.45 | 7 | 0 | ||
| osteum [no description available] | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| sodium nitrite Sodium Nitrite: Nitrous acid sodium salt. Used in many industrial processes, in meat curing, coloring, and preserving, and as a reagent in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES. It is used therapeutically as an antidote in cyanide poisoning. The compound is toxic and mutagenic and will react in vivo with secondary or tertiary amines thereby producing highly carcinogenic nitrosamines.. sodium nitrite : An inorganic sodium salt having nitrite as the counterion. Used as a food preservative and antidote to cyanide poisoning. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt; nitrite salt | antidote to cyanide poisoning; antihypertensive agent; antimicrobial food preservative; food antioxidant; poison |
| stearates Stearates: Salts and esters of the 18-carbon saturated, monocarboxylic acid--stearic acid. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | ||
| holothurin a holothurin A: RN given refers to Na salt (3 beta,12 alpha,22S)-isomer | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | ||
| sodium glutamate Sodium Glutamate: One of the FLAVORING AGENTS used to impart a meat-like flavor.. monosodium glutamate : An organic sodium salt that is the monosodium salt of glutamic acid. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | monosodium glutamate | flavouring agent |
| merocyanine dye merocyanine dye: fluorescent dye used for studying axons 2 position on pyrimidine ring may be S or O; RN given refers to Na salt; structure | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-(4'-maleimidylanilino)naphthalene-6-sulfonic acid 2-(4'-maleimidylanilino)naphthalene-6-sulfonic acid: RN given refers to mono-Na salt; structure | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sodium ethylxanthate Sex: The totality of characteristics of reproductive structure, functions, PHENOTYPE, and GENOTYPE, differentiating the MALE from the FEMALE organism. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chiniofon Hydroxyquinolines: The 8-hydroxy derivatives inhibit various enzymes and their halogenated derivatives, though neurotoxic, are used as topical anti-infective agents, among other uses. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| arginine Teniposide: A semisynthetic derivative of PODOPHYLLOTOXIN that exhibits antitumor activity. Teniposide inhibits DNA synthesis by forming a complex with topoisomerase II and DNA. This complex induces breaks in double stranded DNA and prevents repair by topoisomerase II binding. Accumulated breaks in DNA prevent cells from entering into the mitotic phase of the cell cycle, and lead to cell death. Teniposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cycle.. teniposide : A furonaphthodioxole that is a synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin with anti-tumour activity; causes single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA and DNA-protein cross-links and prevents repair by topoisomerase II binding. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| angoroside c angoroside C: angoroside C is the (E)-isomer; structure in first source | 3.04 | 4 | 0 | ||
| scrovalentinoside scrovalentinoside: an iridoid glycoside from Scrophularia auriculata; structure in first source | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | ||
| forsythoside b forsythoside B: structure in first source | 3.81 | 10 | 0 | ||
| verbaspinoside verbaspinoside: an iridoid glycoside from Verbascum spinosum; structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| isorhamnetin-3-o-neohesperidoside isorhamnetin-3-O-neohesperidoside: flavonoid from pollen typhae(Puhuang) | 2.99 | 4 | 0 | ||
| methyl jasmonate [no description available] | 8.35 | 6 | 0 | ||
| liriodendrin liriodendrin: 573-33-4 is liriodendrin; from bark of Plumeria rubra; structure given in first source | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | ||
| mogroside v mogroside V: cucurbitane type sweet triterpene glycoside from fruit of Momordica grosvenori Swingle; RN given refers to (3beta,9beta,10alpha,11alpha,24R-all D)-isomer | 3.21 | 5 | 0 | ||
| rubusoside rubusoside: from RUBUS. rubusoside : A steviol glycoside that is steviol in which both the carboxy group and the tertiary allylic hydroxy group have been converted to their corresponding beta-D-glucosides. A precious bioactive natural sweetener which mainly exists the in Chinese sweet tea plant, Rubus suavissimus. | 8.42 | 7 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; bridged compound; steviol glycoside; tetracyclic diterpenoid | plant metabolite; sweetening agent |
| s-adenosylmethionine (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine that has R-configuration.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : A zwitterionic tautomer of S-adenosyl-L-methionine arising from shift of the proton from the carboxy group to the amino group.. (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has R-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. (S)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has S-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine : A sulfonium compound that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-methionine. It is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of methionine. | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | organic cation; sulfonium compound | coenzyme; cofactor; human metabolite; micronutrient; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| picrotoxin Picrotoxin: A noncompetitive antagonist at GABA-A receptors and thus a convulsant. Picrotoxin blocks the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-activated chloride ionophore. Although it is most often used as a research tool, it has been used as a CNS stimulant and an antidote in poisoning by CNS depressants, especially the barbiturates.. picrotoxin : A mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of picrotoxinin and picrotin found in the climbing plant Anamirta cocculus. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | ||
| canagliflozin canagliflozin hydrate : A hydrate that is the hemihydrate form of canagliflozin. Used for treatment of type II diabetes via inhibition of sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2. | 6.27 | 6 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; organofluorine compound; thiophenes | hypoglycemic agent; sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2 inhibitor |
| madecassoside [no description available] | 4.03 | 4 | 0 | carboxylic ester; pentacyclic triterpenoid; trisaccharide derivative; triterpenoid saponin | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; antirheumatic drug; plant metabolite; vulnerary |
| arabinogalactan [no description available] | 8.1 | 4 | 0 | ||
| intrinsic factor Intrinsic Factor: A glycoprotein secreted by the cells of the GASTRIC GLANDS that is required for the absorption of VITAMIN B 12 (cyanocobalamin). Deficiency of intrinsic factor leads to VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY and ANEMIA, PERNICIOUS. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| albiflorin albiflorin: glucoside in peony roots. albiflorin : A monoterpene glycoside with formula C23H28O11, originally isolated from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora. | 3.87 | 11 | 0 | benzoate ester; beta-D-glucoside; bridged compound; gamma-lactone; monoterpene glycoside; secondary alcohol | neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| adriatoxin adriatoxin: structure in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| egg white Egg White: The white of an egg, especially a chicken's egg, used in cooking. It contains albumin. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed) | 3.33 | 7 | 0 | ||
| telotristat telotristat: a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor | 3.31 | 1 | 0 | phenylalanine derivative | |
| 6-tuliposide b 6-tuliposide B: has antibacterial activity; structure in first source. 6-tuliposide B : A 6-O-acyl-D-glucose in which the 6-acyl group is specified as (3S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoyl. A secondary metabolite with potent antibacterial activity, occurring specifically in tulip anthers. | 2.83 | 3 | 0 | 6-O-acyl-D-glucose; enoate ester | antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; plant metabolite |
| 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene [no description available] | 3.55 | 2 | 0 | BODIPY compound | |
| cardiovascular agents Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume. | 4.84 | 11 | 0 | ||
| neurotensin neurotensin, Tyr(11)-: RN given refers to parent cpd & (D)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 5/91 | 7 | 1 | 0 | peptide hormone | human metabolite; mitogen; neurotransmitter; vulnerary |
| systemin systemin: amino acid sequence given in first source; a mobile 18 amino acid polypeptide, induces proteinase inhibitor synthesis; from Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) | 7.72 | 3 | 0 | ||
| quercetin 3-o-glucoside-7-o-rhamnoside quercetin 3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside: sedative from Tilia petiolaris; structure in first source. petiolaroside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin attached to beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 and a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 7 via glycosidic linkages. Isolated from the aerial parts of Delphinium staphisagria, it exhibits trypanocidal activity. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; quercetin O-glucoside; trihydroxyflavone | plant metabolite; trypanocidal drug |
| dahlia Dahlia: A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that contains antifungal plant defensin.. Hoffman's violet : A hydrochloride obtained by combining Hoffman's violet free base with one molar equivalent of hydrogen chloride. A specific stain for animal chromosomes. | 2.33 | 2 | 0 | ||
| camelliaside a camelliaside A: structure given in first source; a flavonol triglycoside isolated from seeds of Camellia sinensis | 2.96 | 4 | 0 | ||
| 3-azido-7-hydroxycoumarin 3-azido-7-hydroxycoumarin: structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| mannans [no description available] | 5.96 | 25 | 1 | ||
| enfumafungin enfumafungin: from endophytic Hormonema species; structure in first source. enfumafungin : A triterpene glycoside and hemiacetal isolated from a fermentation of Hormonema sp. and which specifically inhibits glucan synthesis in fungal cells. | 3.88 | 11 | 0 | lactol; monosaccharide derivative; triterpenoid saponin | antifungal agent |
| 10-nonacosanol 10-nonacosanol: from the root of Euphorbia ebracteolata. nonacosan-10-ol : A fatty alcohol that is nonacosane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 10. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | secondary fatty alcohol; ultra-long-chain fatty alcohol | plant metabolite |
| ipomoeassin f ipomoeassin F: a cytotoxic macrocyclic glycoresin from the leaves of Ipomoea squamosa from the Suriname rainforest | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | ||
| salicortin salicortin: an aryl glucoside from most species of Salix and Populus; structure in first source | 3.49 | 7 | 0 | glycoside | |
| peptones Peptones: Derived proteins or mixtures of cleavage products produced by the partial hydrolysis of a native protein either by an acid or by an enzyme. Peptones are readily soluble in water, and are not precipitable by heat, by alkalis, or by saturation with ammonium sulfate. (Dorland, 28th ed) | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | ||
| moracin o moracin O: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| prunin prunin: structure in first source | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| adenosine diphosphate glucose Adenosine Diphosphate Glucose: Serves as the glycosyl donor for formation of bacterial glycogen, amylose in green algae, and amylopectin in higher plants.. ADP alpha-D-glucoside(2-) : A nucleotide-sugar oxoanion resutling from the deprotonation of both free OH groups of the diphosphate group of ADP alpha-D-glucoside. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | NDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-); ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate-alpha-D-glucose(2-) | human metabolite |
| biselyngbyaside biselyngbyaside: antineoplastic from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp.; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| urushiol [no description available] | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| ganglioside, gd1a [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glycolipids [no description available] | 10.58 | 162 | 0 | ||
| piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines. | 6.01 | 21 | 0 | ||
| cyanidin 3-galactoside cyanidin 3-galactoside: structure in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| violarvensin violarvensin: a flavonoid di-c-glycoside from Viola arvensis; structure given in first source | 3.33 | 4 | 0 | ||
| aciculatin aciculatin: structure given in first source; isolated from the plant Chrysopogon aciculatis | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| multiflorin a multiflorin A: isolated from Arthromeris mairei | 3.15 | 5 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells. | 4.37 | 18 | 0 | ||
| mauritianin mauritianin: from Chenopodium quinoa | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| rhizochaline rhizochaline: from Rhizochalina incrustata; structure given in first source | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| kakkalide kakkalide: hepatoprotective isoflavonoid from Pueraria; | 4.06 | 14 | 0 | ||
| cleistanthin cleistanthin: lignan lactone toxic glycoside from Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb); structure. cleistanthin A : A member of the class of cleistanthins that is the 4-O-3,4-di-O-methyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside of 1,3-dihydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4-ol which is substituted by an oxo group at position 1, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7, and a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 9. It is one of the toxic principles in Cleistanthus collinus. | 5.96 | 19 | 0 | cleistanthins; xylose derivative | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic |
| typhaneoside typhaneoside: isolated from pollen of Typha angustfolia L. (puhuang); structure given in first source | 4.14 | 15 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| sordarin sordarin: antifungal mold metabolite of Sordaria araneosa; sordarins A and B are stereoisomers. sordarin : An antifungal metabolite of Sordaria araneosa that inhibits protein synthesis. It has a tetracyclic diterpene glycoside structure. | 7.77 | 3 | 0 | ||
| phillyrin [no description available] | 5.26 | 15 | 0 | ||
| operculinic acid operculinic acid: from the leaves of the native North American prairie plant Ipomoea leptophylla (big root morning glory), shows in vitro activity against M. tuberculosis; structure in first source | 3.86 | 11 | 0 | ||
| saquayamycin b saquayamycin B: isolated from Streptomyces nodosus MH190-16F3; structure given in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| darendoside a darendoside A: from Scutellaria orientalis subsp. pinnatifida; structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pf 04971729 ertugliflozin: structure in first source | 3.71 | 2 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| colistin Colistin: Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C) which act as detergents on cell membranes. Colistin is less toxic than Polymyxin B, but otherwise similar; the methanesulfonate is used orally.. colistin : A multi-component mixture comprising mostly of colistin A (R = Me) and B (R = H), with small amounts of colistin C and other polymyxins, produced by certain strains of Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus. An antibiotic, it is used as its sulfate salt (for oral or topical use) or as the sodium salt of the N-methylsulfonic acid derivative (the injectable form) in the treatment of severe Gram-negative infections, partiularly those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. | 3.04 | 5 | 0 | ||
| tylosin [no description available] | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| globotriose alpha-D-Galp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Glcp : A trisaccharide consisting of two alpha-D-galactose residues and a beta-D-glucose at the reducing end in a linear sequence and joined by (1->4) linkages. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | trisaccharide | |
| jadomycin b jadomycin B: structure given in first source; isolated from Streptomyces venezuelae. jadomycin B : A jadomycin that is jadomycin A in which the phenolic hydroxy group at position 12 has been converted to the corresponding 2,6-dideoxy-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranoside, isolated from Streptomyces venezuelae. It exists as a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of both 3aS and 3aR isomers. | 3.55 | 2 | 0 | glycoside; jadomycin; organic heteropentacyclic compound | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; Aurora kinase inhibitor; bacterial metabolite |
| bufadienolide bufadienolide: isolated from liushen pills; RN given for (14beta)-isomer. bufadienolide : The simplest member of the class of bufadienolides that is bufanolide with unsaturation at positions 20 and 22. | 7.4 | 2 | 0 | bufadienolides | |
| cyanolide a cyanolide A: molluscicidal from the Papua New Guinea cyanobacterium Lyngbya bouillonii; structure in first source | 3.23 | 1 | 0 | ||
| mk-3118 ibrexafungerp: a glucan synthase inhibitor with antifungal activity; structure in first source | 12.87 | 42 | 6 | ||
| psychollatine psychollatine: from Psychotria umbellata; structure in first source | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | ||
| mannosylglycerate 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate : Conjugate base of 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glyceric acid | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | carbohydrate acid anion | |
| benzoylpaeoniflorin benzoylpaeoniflorin: from Paeonia lactiflora | 3.57 | 8 | 0 | ||
| galloylpaeoniflorin galloylpaeoniflorin: an acylated monoterpene glucoside from paeony root; structure in first source | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| amphidinol 3 amphidinol 3: structure in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methylmalonyl-coenzyme a [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fructose-1,6-diphosphate fructose-1,6-diphosphate: RN refers to (D)-isomer | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| isatan b isatan B: an indigo precursor from leaves of Isatis tinctoria (Woad) | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| UDP-rhamnose UDP-rhamnose : A UDP-sugar in which the sugar component is rhamnose. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | UDP-sugar | |
| salinixanthin salinixanthin: from Salinibacter ruber, an extremely halophilic eubacterium; structure in first source | 5.52 | 20 | 0 | ||
| methylcellulose Methylcellulose: Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative. | 3.99 | 4 | 0 | ||
| jujuboside a [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| isoquercitrin [no description available] | 11.91 | 36 | 2 | ||
| gardenoside gardenoside: structure given in first source; RN given refers to 1S(1alpha,4alpha,7alpha,7aalpha)-isomer. gardenoside : A cyclopentapyran that is 7-deoxyloganin with a methyl and hydrogen replaced by hydroxy and hydroxymethyl groups at position 7. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; cyclopentapyran; enoate ester; methyl ester; monosaccharide derivative; tertiary alcohol | metabolite |
| landomycin e landomycin E: structure given in first source; isolated from Streptomyces sp. | 3.55 | 2 | 0 | oligosaccharide | |
| phosphomannopentaose sulfate phosphomannopentaose sulfate: structure in first source | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | ||
| heme Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | ||
| globotetraose beta-D-GalpNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-D-Glcp : A linear amino tetrasaccharide consisting of D-glucose at the reducing end having an N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl moiety attached at the 4-position. | 7.39 | 2 | 0 | amino tetrasaccharide; galactosamine oligosaccharide | |
| mannotetraose mannotetraose: RN given refers to cpd with ((1-3)linkage alpha-D-mannopyranose)-isomer. beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-D-Manp : A tetrasaccharide comprised of four D-mannose residues connected by beta(1->4) linkages.. mannotetraose : Any tetrasaccharide composed of 4 mannose moieties. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | mannotetraose | |
| chondroitin Chondroitin: A mucopolysaccharide constituent of chondrin. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 9.85 | 35 | 0 | ||
| heparitin sulfate Heparitin Sulfate: A heteropolysaccharide that is similar in structure to HEPARIN. It accumulates in individuals with MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS. | 8.14 | 52 | 0 | ||
| dihydronicotinamide [no description available] | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bruceoside a bruceoside A: quassinoid from B javanica; structure | 7.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms. | 8.88 | 52 | 0 | ascorbic acid; vitamin C | coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent |
| 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-pyrone 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-pyrone: structure in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | 2-pyranones | |
| coumermycin coumermycin: RN given refers to coumermycin A1; structure. coumermycin A1 : A hydroxycoumarin antibiotic that is obtained from Streptomyces rishiriensis and exhibits potent antibacterial and anticancer activity. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | aromatic amide; coumarins; glycoside; heteroarenecarboxylate ester; pyrroles | antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; DNA synthesis inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor |
| novobiocin Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus. | 5.28 | 10 | 0 | carbamate ester; ether; hexoside; hydroxycoumarin; monocarboxylic acid amide; monosaccharide derivative; phenols | antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; hepatoprotective agent |
| tetracycline Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria. | 6.7 | 20 | 0 | ||
| chlortetracycline Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | ||
| oxytetracycline, anhydrous Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| minocycline Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| isoascorbic acid isoascorbic acid: food antioxidant; (L)-isomer is ascorbic acid; RN given refers to (D)-isomer; structure | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ascorbic acid | |
| salicylates Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid. | 7.21 | 30 | 1 | monohydroxybenzoate | plant metabolite |
| dicumarol Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; vitamin K antagonist |
| warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group. | 11.31 | 241 | 1 | benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone | |
| citrinin Citrinin: Antibiotic and mycotoxin from Aspergillus niveus and Penicillium citrinum. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tetrocarcin a tetrocarcin A: from cultures of strain No. T-90 designated as Micromonospora chalcea subsp. kazunoensis | 3.47 | 8 | 0 | ||
| antimycin [no description available] | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | ||
| tigecycline [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tetramic acid tetramic acid : A gamma-lactam that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one in which the hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. Despite its simple structure, it was not synthesised until 1972; earlier attempts were later shown to have resulted only in the formation of the isomer 5-imino-4,5-dihydrofuran-3-ol. | 3.02 | 4 | 0 | ||
| clorobiocin clorobiocin: chlorine-containing antibiotic related to novobiocin | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tetrapetalone a tetrapetalone A: a lipoxygenase inhibitor; structure in first source | 3.43 | 7 | 0 | ||
| streptolydigin streptolydigin: antibiotic isolated from culture filtrates of Streptomyces lydicus; active against gram-postive bacteria except micrococci; minor descriptor (75-87); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search ANTIBIOTICS (75-87). streptolydigin : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is a broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lydicus. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | bridged compound; cyclic ketal; enol; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-glycosyl compound; organic heterobicyclic compound; pyrrolidinone; spiro-epoxide | antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor |
| kijanimicin kijanimicin: from Actinomadura, A.kijaniata; branched tetrasaccharide unit as well as novel nitrosugar moiety glycosidically linked to the aglycone | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | ||
| tirandamycin b tirandamycin B: antibiotic related to streptolydigin | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| simocyclinone d8 simocyclinone D8: isolated from Streptomyces antibioticus; structure in first source | 4.68 | 27 | 0 | ||
| betalains Betalains: Compounds derived from TYROSINE via betalamic acid, including BETAXANTHINS and BETACYANINS. They are found in the Caryophyllales order of PLANTS and some BASIDIOMYCETES. | 3.84 | 3 | 0 | ||
| epidermal growth factor Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form. | 3.63 | 9 | 0 | ||
| kaolinite Kaolin: The most common mineral of a group of hydrated aluminum silicates, approximately H2Al2Si2O8-H2O. It is prepared for pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes by levigating with water to remove sand, etc. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) The name is derived from Kao-ling (Chinese: high ridge), the original site. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). kaolin : An aluminosilicate soft white mineral named after the hill in China (Kao-ling) from which it was mined for centuries. In its natural state kaolin is a white, soft powder consisting principally of the mineral kaolinite, and varying amounts of other minerals such as muscovite, quartz, feldspar, and anatase. It is used in the manufacture of china and porcelain and also widely used in the production of paper, rubber, paint, drying agents, and many other products. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | aluminosilicate mineral; mixture | antidiarrhoeal drug; excipient |
| charybdotoxin [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| holothurin Holothurin: A highly toxic saponin occurring in HOLOTHUROIDEA. This marine toxin is an anionic surfactant, hemolyzing ERYTHROCYTES. | 4.69 | 9 | 0 | ||
| transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins. | 4.23 | 17 | 0 | ||
| phytoestrogens Phytoestrogens: Compounds derived from plants, primarily ISOFLAVONES that mimic or modulate endogenous estrogens, usually by binding to ESTROGEN RECEPTORS. | 4.77 | 9 | 0 | ||
| myricetin-3-o-rhamnoside myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside: antioxidant and antigenotoxic from Myrtus communis; structure in first source | 2.83 | 3 | 0 | ||
| calicheamicin gamma(1)i calicheamicin gamma(1)I: structure given in first source; isolated from Micromonospora echinospora sp. calichensis; acts as a DNA double-stranded cleaving agent. calicheamicin gamma1(I) : A calcheamicin in which contains 3-O-methyl-alpha-L-rhamnosyl, 2,6-dideoxy-4-thio-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl, and 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-2-O-[2,4-dideoxy-4-(ethylamino)-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-threo-pentopyranosyl]-alpha-L-idopyranose units and in which the aromatic ring contains an iodo substituent. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | calicheamicin; enediyne antibiotic; organoiodine compound | antineoplastic agent; metabolite |
| okadaic acid Okadaic Acid: A specific inhibitor of phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2a. It is also a potent tumor promoter. It is produced by DINOFLAGELLATES and causes diarrhetic SHELLFISH POISONING.. okadaic acid : A polycyclic ether that is produced by several species of dinoflagellates, and is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, it is one of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). It is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases and is known to have a variety of negative effects on cells. | 2.96 | 4 | 0 | ketal | |
| pyrethrins [no description available] | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| globotriaosylceramide globotriaosylceramide: receptor for Shigella. alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide : A glycotriaosylceramide having alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| t-2307 T-2307: antimalarial | 3.27 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-(6-isobutyl-9-methoxy-1,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12a-octahydropyrazino(1',2'-1,6)pyrido(3,4-b)indol-3-yl)propionic acid tert-butyl ester 3-(6-isobutyl-9-methoxy-1,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12a-octahydropyrazino(1',2'-1,6)pyrido(3,4-b)indol-3-yl)propionic acid tert-butyl ester: a breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) inhibitor; structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| opt 80 OPT 80: has anti-infective activity; no further info available 7/2004 | 10.22 | 15 | 5 | carboxylic ester; glycoside; macrolide antibiotic; organochlorine compound; phenols | antibacterial drug; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor |
| tuberoside tuberoside: a steroidal saponin from the seeds of Allium tuberosum; structure in first source | 2.75 | 3 | 0 | steroid saponin | |
| imbricatolic acid imbricatolic acid: isolated from Araucaria araucana resin; structure in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| grincamycin grincamycin: structure given in first source; isolated from Streptomyces griseoincarnatus | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lasiokaurin lasiokaurin: kaurene-type diterpenoid from Isodon species; structure | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | kaurane diterpenoid | metabolite |
| stigmasterol glucoside stigmasterol glucoside: toxic component of Cycas circinalis seeds possibly etiologic in Guamanian ALS-parkinsonism-dementia complex; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | steroid | |
| cucurbitane cucurbitane: structure in first source. cucurbitane : A triterpene that is an isomer of lanostane obtained by migration of the methyl group from 10 to the 9beta position. | 7.77 | 82 | 0 | triterpene | |
| timosaponin aiii timosaponin AIII: nootropic agent from Anemarrhena asphodeloides; structure in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside: a major conjugate of deoxynivalenol in beer and some brewing intermediates | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | trichothecene | |
| agar Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.. agar : A complex mixture of polysaccharides extracted from species of red algae. Its two main components are agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is the component responsible for the high-strength gelling properties of agar, while agaropectin provides the viscous properties. | 3.49 | 8 | 0 | ||
| chondrosine chondrosine: obtained by degradation of chondroitin sulfates; structure given in first source | 7.01 | 1 | 0 | O-acyl carbohydrate | |
| smectite smecta: used therapeutically in chronic gastritis. montmorillonite : An aluminosilicate mineral consisting of aluminosilicate layers approximately 1 nm thick which are surface-substituted with metal cations and stacked in ca. 10 mum-sized multilayer stacks. Its approximate formula is R(+)0.33(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2.nH2O where R(+) includes one or more of the cations Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+), and Ca(2+). | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rebaudioside d rebaudioside D: isolated from Stevia rebaudiana. rebaudioside D : A rebaudioside that is rebaudioside A in which the hydroxy group at position 2 of the beta-D-glucosyl ester moiety has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucoside. Found in minute quantities in the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. | 3.94 | 11 | 0 | rebaudioside; sophoroside; tetracyclic diterpenoid | sweetening agent |
| ilexsaponin a1 ilexsaponin A1: extract from the leaves of the plant | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glutaminase [no description available] | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclin d1 Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms. | 2.78 | 3 | 0 | ||
| qs 21 [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| caseins Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones. | 3.68 | 10 | 0 | ||
| arabinobiose [no description available] | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| naphthomycin naphthomycin: class of naphthalenic ansamycins; from fermentation broth of a Streptomyces; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thearubigin thearubigin: from black tea leaves; a catechin oxidized product; a mixture of heterogenous polyphenols | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
| zearalenone-4-glucopyranoside zearalenone-4-glucopyranoside: structure given in first source | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| vt-1161 VT-1161: has antifungal activity | 3.27 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| oligomycins Oligomycins: A closely related group of toxic substances elaborated by various strains of Streptomyces. They are 26-membered macrolides with lactone moieties and double bonds and inhibit various ATPases, causing uncoupling of phosphorylation from mitochondrial respiration. Used as tools in cytochemistry. Some specific oligomycins are RUTAMYCIN, peliomycin, and botrycidin (formerly venturicidin X). | 5.45 | 66 | 0 | ||
| tangshenoside i tangshenoside I: RN refers to ((S-(E))-isomer; from the root of Codonopsis pilosula | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ellagitannin ellagitannin: structure; precoxin A/ praecoxin A is a purified ellagitannin. ellagitannin : A form of hydrolysable tannin produced from ellagic acid. Ellagitannins are glucosides which are readily hydrolysed by water to regenerate ellagic acid when the plants are eaten. | 9.41 | 6 | 0 | ||
| phthalocyanine phthalocyanine : A tetrapyrrole fundamental parent that consists of four isoindole-type units, with the connecting carbon atoms in the macrocycle replaced by nitrogen. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | phthalocyanines; tetrapyrrole fundamental parent | |
| carubicin Carubicin: A very toxic anthracycline-type antineoplastic related to DAUNORUBICIN, obtained from Actinomadura carminata.. carminomycin(1+) : An anthracyline cation that is the conjugate acid of carminomycin, obtained by protonation of the amino group. | 4.31 | 6 | 0 | anthracycline cation | |
| g(m3) ganglioside G(M3) Ganglioside: A ganglioside present in abnormally large amounts in the brain and liver due to a deficient biosynthetic enzyme, G(M3):UDP-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. Deficiency of this enzyme prevents the formation of G(M2) ganglioside from G(M3) ganglioside and is the cause of an anabolic sphingolipidosis.. alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer(d18:1/24:1(15Z)) : A sialotriaosylceramide consisting of beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide(d18:1/24:1(15Z)). | 3.39 | 7 | 0 | alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide; sialodiosylceramide; sialotriaosylceramide | mouse metabolite |
| teca TECA: titrated extract of Centella asiatica; contains asiaticoside | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone: an interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like protease inhibitor | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | ||
| nitrophenols Nitrophenols: PHENOLS carrying nitro group substituents. | 7.07 | 110 | 0 | ||
| glaucarubin Glaucarubin: (1 beta,2 alpha,11 beta,12 alpha,15 beta(S))-11,20-Epoxy-1,2,11,12-tetrahydroxy-15-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-oxobutoxy)picras-3-en-16-one. A quassinoid (Simaroubolide) from Simaruba glauca, a tropical shrub. It has been used as an antiamebic agent and is found to be cytotoxic. It may be of use in cancer chemotherapy. | 3.19 | 6 | 0 | ||
| lewis x antigen Lewis X Antigen: A trisaccharide antigen expressed on glycolipids and many cell-surface glycoproteins. In the blood the antigen is found on the surface of NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. In addition, Lewis X antigen is a stage-specific embryonic antigen. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | ||
| angiotensin i Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | angiotensin; peptide zwitterion | human metabolite; neurotransmitter agent |
| cmp-deaminoneuraminic acid CMP-3-deoxy-D-glycero-beta-D-galacto-nonulosonate(2-) : A nucleotide-sugar oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid and phosphate functions of CMP-3-deoxy-D-glycero-beta-D-galacto-nonulosonic acid; major species at pH 7.3. | 2 | 1 | 0 | nucleotide-sugar oxoanion | |
| fusicoccadiene fusicoccadiene: a biosynthetic intermediate of fusicoccins; structure in first source | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cobamamide cobamamide : A member of the class of cobalamins that is vitamin B12 in which the cyano group is replaced by a 5'-deoxyadenos-5'-yl moiety. It is one of the two metabolically active form of vitamin B12. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| hyaluronoglucosaminidase Hyaluronoglucosaminidase: An enzyme that catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-linkages between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronate residues in hyaluronate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) There has been use as ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS to limit NEOPLASM METASTASIS. | 4.29 | 19 | 0 | ||
| 25-o-acetylcimigenol-3-o-beta-d-xylopyranoside 25-O-acetylcimigenol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside: from Cimicifuga dahurica; structure in first source | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | ||
| bacoside a3 bacoside A3: from Bacopa monniera; structure given in first source | 4.42 | 6 | 0 | triterpenoid | |
| xylotriose [no description available] | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| rebaudioside m rebaudioside M: a sweetening agent isolated from Stevia rebaudiana; structure in first source. rebaudioside M : A rebaudioside that is rebaudioside A in which the the hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3 of the beta-D-glucosyl ester moiety have both been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucoside. Found in very low concentraitions in the leaves of Stevia Rebaudiana, it is more than 200 times sweeter than sucrose. | 2.66 | 2 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; rebaudioside; tetracyclic diterpenoid | sweetening agent |
| bacoside a bacoside A: from Bacopa monnieri; structure in first source | 4.09 | 4 | 0 | triterpenoid saponin | |
| vineomycin b2 vineomycin B2: structure in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phyllanthoside phyllanthoside: structure | 3.07 | 5 | 0 | ||
| kosinostatin kosinostatin: isolated from Micromonospora; structure in first source | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| harpagide harpagide: from S. African plant Harpagophytum procumbens DC | 4.57 | 24 | 0 | ||
| diospyros Diospyros: A plant genus of the family EBENACEAE, order Ebenales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida best known for the edible fruit and the antibacterial activity and compounds of the wood. | 3.68 | 9 | 0 | ||
| nephrin nephrin: gene nephrin is mutated in congenital nephrotic syndrome; amino acid sequence in first source; GenBank F19541; RefSeq NM_019459 (mouse), NM_004646 (human), NM_022628 (rat) | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | ||
| carboxyatractyloside carboxyatractyloside: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 4.21 | 18 | 0 | ||
| morroniside morroniside: from Cornus officinalis; protects cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells from damage by high ambient glucose; a component of cornel iridoid glycoside; structure in first source | 5.72 | 73 | 0 | ||
| chebulagic acid [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cimicifugoside cimicifugoside: triterpene xyloside from Cimicifuga simplex; nucleoside transport inhibitor | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| gibberellins [no description available] | 5.02 | 13 | 0 | ||
| moracin p moracin P: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| t-2 toxin T-2 Toxin: A potent mycotoxin produced in feedstuffs by several species of the genus FUSARIUM. It elicits a severe inflammatory reaction in animals and has teratogenic effects.. T-2 toxin : A trichothecene mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium. It is a common contaminant in food and feedstuffs of cereal origin and is known to cause a range of toxic effects in humans and animals. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ht-2 toxin HT-2 toxin : A trichothecene mycotoxin that is T-2 toxin in which the acetyloxy group at position 4S has been hydrolysed to the corresponding hydroxy group. It is the major metabolite of T-2 toxin. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dianemycin dianemycin: polyether, polyalcohol, monocarboxylic acid (with 2 spiro links between rings) antibiotic from Streptomyces hygroscopicus which binds metal monovalent cations; structure in second source | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| gilvocarcin m gilvocarcin M: from Actinomycete DO-38; structure given in first source | 4.11 | 16 | 0 | ||
| nifedipine hemanthamine: crinine-like alkaloid from AMARYLLIDACEAE; RN given for (3beta,5alpha,11R,13beta,19alpha)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| peoniflorin peoniflorin: from Radix and of Paeonia suffruticosa | 8.78 | 57 | 1 | ||
| vitamin b 12 Vitamin B 12: A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12. | 4.65 | 9 | 0 | ||
| crenatoside crenatoside: structure given in first source; isolated from the aerial parts of Orobanche crenata | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| catalposide catalposide: structure | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| humulin s Insulin, Regular, Human: Regular insulin preparations that contain the HUMAN insulin peptide sequence.. insulin (human) : An insulin that is produced in the pancreas and involved in regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates (particularly glucose) and fats. Commonly thought of as a protein, it consists of two peptide chains, one containing 21 amino acid residues and the other containing 30; the chains are joined together by 2 disulfide bonds. Recombinant insulin is identical to human insulin, but is synthesised by inserting the human insulin gene into E. coli, which then produces insulin for human use. It is used in the treatment of type I and type II diabetes. | 5.99 | 2 | 2 | ||
| ecallantide ecallantide: an NSAID and analgesic | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| norgestrel Norgestrel: A synthetic progestational agent with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE. This racemic or (+-)-form has about half the potency of the levo form (LEVONORGESTREL). Norgestrel is used as a contraceptive, ovulation inhibitor, and for the control of menstrual disorders and endometriosis. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rubradirin rubradirin: selective inhibitor of enzymatic peptide initiation; RN given refers to (7Z)-isomer; see also rubradirin B: 68833-11-4 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| oxyntomodulin Glucagon-Like Peptides: Peptides derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of pancreatic GLUCAGON. Despite expression of proglucagon in multiple tissues, the major production site of glucagon-like peptides (GLPs) is the INTESTINAL L CELLS. GLPs include glucagon-like peptide 1, glucagon-like peptide 2, and the various truncated forms. | 3.34 | 1 | 1 | ||
| transforming growth factor alpha Transforming Growth Factor alpha: An EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR related protein that is found in a variety of tissues including EPITHELIUM, and maternal DECIDUA. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form which binds to the EGF RECEPTOR. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). | 4.93 | 11 | 0 | ||
| epimedin a [no description available] | 3.03 | 4 | 0 | ||
| flavin mononucleotide Flavin Mononucleotide: A coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH DEHYDROGENASE. It is the principal form in which RIBOFLAVIN is found in cells and tissues. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | ||
| silybin Silybin: The major active component of silymarin flavonoids extracted from seeds of the MILK THISTLE, Silybum marianum; it is used in the treatment of HEPATITIS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; and CHEMICAL AND DRUG INDUCED LIVER INJURY, and has antineoplastic activity; silybins A and B are diastereomers. | 7.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chrysomycin b chrysomycin B: structure given in first source | 3.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
| cytochalasin d Cytochalasin D: A fungal metabolite that blocks cytoplasmic cleavage by blocking formation of contractile microfilament structures resulting in multinucleated cell formation, reversible inhibition of cell movement, and the induction of cellular extrusion. Additional reported effects include the inhibition of actin polymerization, DNA synthesis, sperm motility, glucose transport, thyroid secretion, and growth hormone release.. cytochalasin D : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a mycotoxin produced by Helminthosporium and other moulds which is cell permeable and a potent inhibitor of actin polymerisation and DNA synthesis. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| monazomycin monazomycin: antibiotic produced by Streptomyces mashuensis; takacidn produced by S. griseoverticillatum; U-0412 produced by Streptoverticillium SP. KCC U-0142 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | ||
| peptide yy Peptide YY: A 36-amino acid peptide produced by the L cells of the distal small intestine and colon. Peptide YY inhibits gastric and pancreatic secretion.. peptide YY : A 36-membered human gut polypeptide consisting of Tyr, Pro, Ile, Lys, Pro, Glu, Ala, Pro, Gly, Glu, Asp, Ala, Ser, Pro, Glu, Glu, Leu, Asn, Arg, Tyr, Tyr, Ala, Ser, Leu, Arg, His, Tyr, Leu, Asn, Leu, Val, Thr, Arg, Gln, Arg and Tyr-NH2 residues joined in sequence. | 7.44 | 4 | 2 | ||
| lactoferrin Lactoferrin: An iron-binding protein that was originally characterized as a milk protein. It is widely distributed in secretory fluids and is found in the neutrophilic granules of LEUKOCYTES. The N-terminal part of lactoferrin possesses a serine protease which functions to inactivate the TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM used by bacteria to export virulence proteins for host cell invasion. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (35-55) [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| digitonin Digitonin: A glycoside obtained from Digitalis purpurea; the aglycone is digitogenin which is bound to five sugars. Digitonin solubilizes lipids, especially in membranes and is used as a tool in cellular biochemistry, and reagent for precipitating cholesterol. It has no cardiac effects.. digitonin : A spirostanyl glycoside that is digitogenin in which the 3-hydroxy group is substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl group. It is a steroidal saponin isolated from the foxglove plant, Digitalis purpurea. It is used extensively as a mild non-ionic detergent for extracting proteins from membranes for structure and function studies. | 3.46 | 8 | 0 | ||
| protopanaxadiol protopanaxadiol: triterpenoid sapogenin of ginsenosides from leaves of Panax ginseng; has antineoplastic activity; acid hydrolysis results in panaxadiol. protopanaxadiol : A tetracyclic triterpenoid sapogenin (isolated from ginseng) that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 positions and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| catalpol catalpol: component of dihuang; RN given refers to (1aS-(1aalpha,1bbeta,2beta,5abeta,6beta,6aalpha))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 12/92 | 8.29 | 6 | 0 | ||
| edetic acid solasodine: RN given refers to (3beta,22alpha,25R)-isomer; structure. solasodine : An oxaspiro compound and steroid alkaloid sapogenin with formula C27H43NO2 found in the Solanum (nightshade) family. It is used as a precursor in the synthesis of complex steroidal compounds such as contraceptive pills. | 6.35 | 12 | 1 | ||
| gracillin gracillin: spirostan glycoside from Tamus communis; RN given refers to (3beta,25R)-isomer | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | ||
| neohesperidin [no description available] | 4.13 | 4 | 0 | ||
| tomatine Tomatine: An alkaloid that occurs in the extract of leaves of wild tomato plants. It has been found to inhibit the growth of various fungi and bacteria. It is used as a precipitating agent for steroids. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed). tomatine : A steroid alkaloid that is tomatidine in which the hydroxy group at position 3 is linked to lycotetraose, a tetrasaccharide composed of two units of D-glucose, one unit of D-xylose, and one unit of D-galactose. | 5.01 | 13 | 0 | ||
| poncirin poncirin: isolated from the fructus of Poncirus trifoliata; structure in first source | 4.13 | 4 | 0 | ||
| ononitol monohydrate ononitol monohydrate: antioxidant from Cassia tora L. leaves; structure in first source | 3.49 | 7 | 0 | ||
| 7-o-galloyl-d-sedoheptulose 7-O-galloyl-D-sedoheptulose: structure in first source | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| orabase Orabase: used in therapy of oral mucosal ulcers | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thromboplastin Thromboplastin: Constituent composed of protein and phospholipid that is widely distributed in many tissues. It serves as a cofactor with factor VIIa to activate factor X in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | ||
| muramidase Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17. | 7.52 | 57 | 0 | ||
| kutkin kutkin: alcoholic extract of the root and rrhizome of Picrorhiza kurrooa; has heptatoprotective activity; contains picroside I, kutkoside, and a small amount of other minor glycosides of P. kurrooa | 12.17 | 69 | 0 | ||
| ansamitocins ansamitocins: maytansinoid antibiotics produced by an actinomycete strain Norcardia sp. No. C-15003 (N-1); P-1 & P-2 identified with maytanacine & maytansinol propionate, respectively; structures for ansamitocins P-0, P-1, P-2, P-3, P-3', P-4 in second source | 7.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| chromomycins Chromomycins: A complex of several closely related glycosidic antibiotics from Streptomyces griseus. The major component, CHROMOMYCIN A3, is used as a fluorescent stain of DNA where it attaches and inhibits RNA synthesis. It is also used as an antineoplastic agent, especially for solid tumors.. chromomycin : A family of antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces griseus. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | ||
| lavandulifolioside lavandulifolioside: structure in first source | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rhamnogalacturonan i rhamnogalacturonan I: pectic polysaccharide from sycamore cell walls; composed of galactosyluronic acid, rhamnosyl, galactosyl, arabinosyl & fucosyl residues. rhamnogalacturonan I : A family of polysaccharides that all contain a linear backbone composed of repeating units of the disaccharide alpha-D-GalpA-(l->2)-alpha-L-Rhap joined by alpha-(1->4) linkages. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | ||
| amyloid beta-peptides amyloid beta-protein (1-40): although acutely neurotoxic in both rat & monkey cerebral cortex, neuronal degeneration in primates resembles more closely to that found in Alzheimer's disease; amino acid sequence has been determined | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| senkyunolide i senkyunolide I: has antioxidant and anti-migraine activities; isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong; structure in first source | 2.53 | 2 | 0 | ||
| khasianine khasianine: structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chondroitin sulfates Chondroitin Sulfates: Derivatives of chondroitin which have a sulfate moiety esterified to the galactosamine moiety of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate A, or chondroitin 4-sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate C, or chondroitin 6-sulfate, have the sulfate esterified in the 4- and 6-positions, respectively. Chondroitin sulfate B (beta heparin; DERMATAN SULFATE) is a misnomer and this compound is not a true chondroitin sulfate. | 8.23 | 85 | 1 | ||
| exudates Malaysia: A parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch in southeast Asia, consisting of 11 states (West Malaysia) on the Malay Peninsula and two states (East Malaysia) on the island of BORNEO. It is also called the Federation of Malaysia. Its capital is Kuala Lumpur. Before 1963 it was the Union of Malaya. It reorganized in 1948 as the Federation of Malaya, becoming independent from British Malaya in 1957 and becoming Malaysia in 1963 as a federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore (which seceded in 1965). The form Malay- probably derives from the Tamil malay, mountain, with reference to its geography. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p715 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p329) | 4.42 | 6 | 0 | ||
| chlorothricin [no description available] | 3.2 | 6 | 0 | ||
| roseoside roseoside: from Polygonum hydropiper L. (Polygonaceae); structure in first source | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| lupane lupane: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source | 4.85 | 10 | 0 | ||
| protopanaxatriol protopanaxatriol: triterpenoid sapogenin of ginsenosides from leaves of Panax ginseng; acid hydrolysis leads to panaxatriol. protopanaxatriol : A tetracyclic triterpenoid sapogenin (isolated from ginseng and notoginseng) that is that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | ||
| aquayamycin [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fucosyl gm1 ganglioside [no description available] | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| prajmaline Prajmaline: A derivative of the rauwolfia alkaloid AJMALINE. It is an anti-arrhythmia agent but may cause liver damage. | 3.75 | 2 | 1 | ||
| acyclovir Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections. | 2.99 | 4 | 0 | 2-aminopurines; oxopurine | antimetabolite; antiviral drug |
| cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine. | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| deoxyguanosine [no description available] | 3.83 | 11 | 0 | purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| guanosine diphosphate Guanosine Diphosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor |
| gdp-4-keto-6-deoxymannose GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-alpha-D-mannose : A GDP-sugar having 4-dehydro-6-deoxy-alpha-D-mannose as the sugar portion. | 2 | 1 | 0 | GDP-sugar | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| guanosine diphosphate mannose Guanosine Diphosphate Mannose: A nucleoside diphosphate sugar which can be converted to the deoxy sugar GDPfucose, which provides fucose for lipopolysaccharides of bacterial cell walls. Also acts as mannose donor for glycolipid synthesis.. GDP-D-mannose : A GDP-mannose in which the mannose fragment has D-configuration.. GDP-alpha-D-mannose : The alpha-anomer of GDP-D-mannose. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | GDP-D-mannose | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| guanosine triphosphate Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | 5.01 | 13 | 0 | guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor |
| guanine [no description available] | 4.94 | 12 | 0 | 2-aminopurines; oxopurine; purine nucleobase | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| guanosine ribonucleoside : Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose. | 3.94 | 13 | 0 | guanosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | fundamental metabolite |
| hypoxanthine [no description available] | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; oxopurine; purine nucleobase | fundamental metabolite |
| inosine [no description available] | 3.45 | 8 | 0 | inosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| folic acid folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin. | 4.47 | 4 | 0 | folic acids; N-acyl-amino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient |
| 3-methyladenine N3-methyladenine: structure in first source | 2.61 | 2 | 0 | ||
| viomycin [no description available] | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide antibiotic | antitubercular agent |
| guanosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate): Guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), monoanhydride with phosphorothioic acid. A stable GTP analog which enjoys a variety of physiological actions such as stimulation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, cyclic AMP accumulation, and activation of specific proto-oncogenes. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | nucleoside triphosphate analogue | |
| pheophytin a pheophytin a: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (3S-(3alpha(2E,7S*,11S*),4beta,21beta))-isomer | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160) | 4.84 | 11 | 0 | cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion | angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| dacarbazine (E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration. | 3.4 | 1 | 1 | dacarbazine | |
| ganciclovir [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 2-aminopurines; oxopurine | antiinfective agent; antiviral drug |
| allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring. | 6.26 | 45 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound | antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger |
| azaguanine Azaguanine: One of the early purine analogs showing antineoplastic activity. It functions as an antimetabolite and is easily incorporated into ribonucleic acids.. 8-azaguanine : A triazolopyrimidine that consists of 3,6-dihydro-7H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine bearing amino and oxo substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively. | 3.44 | 2 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; triazolopyrimidines | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor |
| guanylyl imidodiphosphate Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate: A non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta to the gamma phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom. It binds tightly to G-protein in the presence of Mg2+. The nucleotide is a potent stimulator of ADENYLYL CYCLASES.. guanosine 5'-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate : A nucleoside triphosphate analogue that is GTP in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta- to the gamma- phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom A non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, it binds tightly to G-protein in the presence of Mg(2+). | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | nucleoside triphosphate analogue | |
| xanthopterin [no description available] | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| factumycin factumycin: from Streptomyces lavendulae; structure given in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cytarabine Guanosine Diphosphate Fucose: A nucleoside diphosphate sugar formed from GDPmannose, which provides fucose for lipopolysaccharides of bacterial cell walls, and for blood group substances and other glycoproteins. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | GDP-fucose | |
| nc 190 NC 190: structure given in first source | 3.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sildenafil citrate Sildenafil Citrate: A PHOSPHODIESTERASE TYPE-5 INHIBITOR; VASODILATOR AGENT and UROLOGICAL AGENT that is used in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION and PRIMARY PULMONARY HYPERTENSION.. sildenafil citrate : The citrate salt of sildenafil. | 2 | 1 | 0 | citrate salt | EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| pyrazofurin pirazofurin : A C-glycosyl compound that is 4-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. | 3.51 | 2 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound; pyrazoles | antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 4.1.1.23 (orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase) inhibitor |
| vicine vicine: pyrimidine glycoside found in fava bean; structure | 3.67 | 10 | 0 | glycoside | |
| 6-hydroxymethylpterin [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nsc 614846 carbovir: structure given in first source; potent & selective anti-HIV agent. carbovir : Cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-hydroxy-9H-purin-9-yl group such that the two substitutents on the cyclopentene ring are in a cis relationship. The (-)-enantiomer, also known as carbovir, is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication replication in cell cultures.. (-)-carbovir : The (active) (-)-enantiomer of the carbocyclic analogue of 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydroguanosine. | 3.11 | 1 | 0 | carbovir | HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
| methylnitronitrosoguanidine Methylnitronitrosoguanidine: A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine : An N-nitroguanidine compound having nitroso and methyl substituents at the N'-position | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | nitroso compound | alkylating agent |
| 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | guanosines | biomarker |
| 7-methylguanosine 7-methylguanosine : A positively charged methylguanosine in which a single methyl substituent is located at position 7. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | methylguanosine; organic cation | metabolite |
| prodigiosin Prodigiosin: 4-Methoxy-5-((5-methyl-4-pentyl-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl)- 2,2'-bi-1H-pyrrole. A toxic, bright red tripyrrole pigment from Serratia marcescens and others. It has antibacterial, anticoccidial, antimalarial, and antifungal activities, but is used mainly as a biochemical tool.. prodigiosin : A member of the class of tripyrroles that is a red-coloured pigment with antibiotic properties produced by Serratia marcescens. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| streptovaricin c streptovaricin C: structure given in first source | 3.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-methylguanosine 8-methylguanosine: structure in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| calcon calcon: RN given refers to Na salt | 3.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| divicine divicine: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| formycins Formycins: Pyrazolopyrimidine ribonucleosides isolated from Nocardia interforma. They are antineoplastic antibiotics with cytostatic properties. | 3.51 | 2 | 0 | ||
| mocimycin mocimycin: induces GTPase activity of EF-TU; N-demethyl analog of antibiotic X-5108; structure | 3.22 | 6 | 0 | C-glycosyl compound | |
| kinamycin a kinamycin A: isolated from Streptomyces muragamaensis; RN in Chemline for Kinamycin B: 35303-13-0; RN for Kinamycin C: 35303-08-3; RN for Kinamycin D: 35303-14-1; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 3.17 | 1 | 0 | kinamycin | |
| nucleoside q Nucleoside Q: A modified nucleoside which is present in the first position of the anticodon of tRNA-tyrosine, tRNA-histidine, tRNA-asparagine and tRNA-aspartic acid of many organisms. It is believed to play a role in the regulatory function of tRNA. Nucleoside Q can be further modified to nucleoside Q*, which has a mannose or galactose moiety linked to position 4 of its cyclopentenediol moiety.. queuosine : A nucleoside found in tRNA that has an additional cyclopentenyl ring added via an NH group to the methyl group of 7-methyl-7-deazaguanosine. The cyclopentenyl ring may carry other substituents. | 3.51 | 1 | 0 | 7-deazaguanine ribonucleoside | |
| cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate 2'-3'-cGAMP : A cyclic purine dinucleotide that consists of AMP and GMP units cyclised via 3',5'- and 2',5'-linkages respectively. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | adenyl ribonucleotide; cyclic purine dinucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide | |
| carthamine carthamine: composed of two chalcones; from Carthamus tinctorius; the conjugated bonds cause a red color; derived from precarthamin by a decarboxylase; do not confuse with carthamidin | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | |
| kinamycin f kinamycin F: isolated from Streptomyces murayamaensis; structure given in first source | 3.17 | 1 | 0 | kinamycin | |
| 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine: RN given refers to (5'R)-isomer in Toxline; RN not in Chemline 1/87. 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine : An organic heterotetracyclic compound obtained by intramolecular formation of a C-C bond between positions 8 and 5' of 2'-deoxyguanosine. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine; bridged compound; diol; N-glycosyl compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| alcian blue Alcian Blue: A copper-containing dye used as a gelling agent for lubricants, for staining of bacteria and for the dyeing of histiocytes and fibroblasts in vivo. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lipoteichoic acid lipoteichoic acid: lipopolysaccharides with an acyl group anchored to the cell membrane of gram-positive bacteria; functions as an adhesion molecule to facilitate the binding of bacteria to cells, colonization, and invasion; interacts with CD14 to induce NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine production; can function as surface antigen; inhibits remineraliztion of artificial lesions and surface-softened enamels;. lipoteichoic acid : A teichoic acid which is covalently bound to a lipid. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| avermectin avermectin: produced by actinomycete, Streptomyces avermitilis; structure; see also records for specific avermectins. avermectin : Any of the macrolides obtained as fermentation products from the bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis and consisting of a 16-membered macrocyclic backbone that is fused both benzofuran and spiroketal functions and contains a disaccharide substituent. They have significant anthelmintic and insecticidal properties. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cholestyramine resin Cholestyramine Resin: A strongly basic anion exchange resin whose main constituent is polystyrene trimethylbenzylammonium Cl(-) anion. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| eye [no description available] | 8.08 | 5 | 0 | ||
| fructooligosaccharide [no description available] | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | oligosaccharide | |
| maltodextrin maltodextrin : A dextrin in which the D-glucose units are linked by alpha-(1->4) glycosidic bonds. | 5.7 | 7 | 1 | ||
| steviolbioside steviolbioside: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source. steviolbioside : A beta-D-glucoside that is steviolmonoside in which the hydroxy group at position 2 of the glucoside moiety has been converted into its beta-D-glucoside.. steviolbioside(1-) : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of steviolbioside. The major species at pH 7.3. | 8.44 | 7 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid anion | |
| ferric carboxymaltose ferric carboxymaltose: effective for treatment of postpartum anemia | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| olitoriside olitoriside: from Adonis mongolica Sim; RN given refers to (D-xylo)-isomer; see also erysimoside for (D-ribo)-isomer: 7082-34-0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | ||
| luminacin d luminacin D: a capillary tube formation inhibitor; isolated from Streptomyces; structure in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| amycolamicin amycolamicin: isolated from Amycolatopsis; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glycothiohexide alpha glycothiohexide alpha: isolated from the fermentation broth of Sebekia sp. LL-14E605; structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| aridanin aridanin: from aridan (tetrapleura tetraptera); RN given from CAS Index Guide | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| frondoside a frondoside A: from the North Atlantic commercially harvested sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa | 10.62 | 21 | 0 | ||
| carbidopa Carbidopa: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that prevents conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA. It has no anti-parkinson activity by itself.. carbidopa : The hydrate of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| wilforine wilforine: isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii; structure in first source. wilforine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound and pyridine alkaloid with formula C43H49NO18 originally isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii. | 7.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| niddamycin niddamycin: structure | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| argyrophilic acid [no description available] | 2.61 | 2 | 0 | ||
| actodigin actodigin: structure | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | ||
| picroside ii picroside II: RN given for (1aS-(1aalpha,1bbeta,2beta,5abeta,6beta,6abeta))-isomer; structure in first source | 2.78 | 3 | 0 | ||
| darutoside darutoside: from Siegesbeckia glabrescens Mak; RN given refers to (2R-(2alpha,4aalpha,4bbeta,7alpha(R*),10abeta)) | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| esperamicin a1 esperamicin A1: from Actinomadura verrucosospora; RN refers to (1S,(1R*,4Z,8S*,12S*,13E))-isomer. esperamicin A1 : A naturally occurring antibiotic and antitumor agent isolated from Actinomadura verrucosopora. Its chemical structure consists of a core bicyclo[7.3.1]tridecadiynene moiety containing a 1,5-diyn-3-ene as part of a ten-membered ring, a alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone with a bridgehead double bond and an attached allylic trisulfide. This ring system is attached at one end by a trisaccharide moiety and at the opposite end by a 2-deoxy-L-fucose-anthranilate moiety. The trisaccharide consists of a hydroxyamino sugar which is connected to a isopropylamino sugar through a glycosidic linkage and a thiomethyl sugar through an NH-O linkage. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| angucyclinone angucyclinone: structure in first source | 3.56 | 2 | 0 | ||
| lycoperoside h lycoperoside H: steroidal alkaloid glycoside from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum); structure in first source | 3.21 | 5 | 0 | ||
| periplocoside e periplocoside E: inhibits T cell activation; isolated from Periploca sepium; structure in first source | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| plantainoside d plantainoside D: antioxidant from the leaves of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora (Scrophulariaceae); structure in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures. | 8.42 | 141 | 0 | ||
| metallothionein Metallothionein: A low-molecular-weight (approx. 10 kD) protein occurring in the cytoplasm of kidney cortex and liver. It is rich in cysteinyl residues and contains no aromatic amino acids. Metallothionein shows high affinity for bivalent heavy metals. | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | ||
| antimony sodium gluconate Antimony Sodium Gluconate: Antimony complex where the metal may exist in either the pentavalent or trivalent states. The pentavalent gluconate is used in leishmaniasis. The trivalent gluconate is most frequently used in schistosomiasis. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| vescalagin vescalagin: structure in first source; castalagin is the (33beta)-isomer of vescalagin | 3.31 | 6 | 0 | ||
| ra xii RA XII: structure given in first source; isolated from Rubia cordifolia | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dinitrobenzenes Dinitrobenzenes: Benzene derivatives which are substituted with two nitro groups in the ortho, meta or para positions. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 2',7'-bis(carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phosphorus radioisotopes Phosphorus Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of phosphorus that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. P atoms with atomic weights 28-34 except 31 are radioactive phosphorus isotopes. | 4.15 | 17 | 0 | ||
| 1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin d3 1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3: RN given refers to (3beta,5Z,7E)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thrombin aptamer thrombin aptamer: nucleotide sequence given in first source; a synthetic polynucleotide | 3.41 | 1 | 0 | ||
| temporin temporin: isolated from frogs Rana temporaria & R. clamitans; has many isoforms; amino acid sequence in first source | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| leptin Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage. | 7.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pyrimidinones Pyrimidinones: Heterocyclic compounds known as 2-pyrimidones (or 2-hydroxypyrimidines) and 4-pyrimidones (or 4-hydroxypyrimidines) with the general formula C4H4N2O. | 4.04 | 15 | 0 | ||
| araban araban: contains arabinose & galactose | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | ||
| chalcomycin chalcomycin: structure | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
| callipeltoside a callipeltoside A: isolated from the sponge Callipelta; structure in first source | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | ||
| cnicin cnicin: extract from CENTAUREA BENEDICTA | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phenanthrenes Phenanthrenes: POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS composed of three fused BENZENE rings.. phenanthrenes : Any benzenoid aromatic compound that consists of a phenanthrene skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof. | 5.02 | 42 | 0 |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidiasis, Genital [description not available] | 0 | 9.31 | 11 | 3 |
| Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal Infection of the VULVA and VAGINA with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. | 0 | 9.31 | 11 | 3 |
| Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight. | 0 | 4.66 | 6 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 14.76 | 130 | 4 |
| Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. | 0 | 14.76 | 130 | 4 |
| Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available] | 0 | 5.38 | 58 | 0 |
| Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity. | 0 | 5.38 | 58 | 0 |
| Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 9.16 | 40 | 3 |
| Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57) | 0 | 9.16 | 40 | 3 |
| Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 7.64 | 34 | 0 |
| Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. | 0 | 7.64 | 34 | 0 |
| Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 11.87 | 15 | 1 |
| Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 9.99 | 219 | 0 |
| Grippe [description not available] | 0 | 5.95 | 9 | 1 |
| Influenza, Human An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia. | 0 | 5.95 | 9 | 1 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available] | 0 | 17.36 | 92 | 26 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. | 0 | 17.36 | 92 | 26 |
| Alloxan Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 7.01 | 73 | 0 |
| Candidemia A form of invasive candidiasis where species of CANDIDA are present in the blood. | 0 | 2.76 | 2 | 0 |
| Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 4.98 | 13 | 0 |
| Age-Related Osteoporosis [description not available] | 0 | 6.98 | 25 | 0 |
| Osteoporosis Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis. | 0 | 6.98 | 25 | 0 |
| Dehydration The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism. | 0 | 4.12 | 12 | 0 |
| Bright Disease A historical classification which is no longer used. It described acute glomerulonephritis, acute nephritic syndrome, or acute nephritis. Named for Richard Bright. | 0 | 6.05 | 10 | 1 |
| Glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. | 0 | 6.05 | 10 | 1 |
| Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 8.66 | 51 | 2 |
| Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. | 0 | 8.66 | 51 | 2 |
| Infections, Staphylococcal [description not available] | 0 | 6.95 | 20 | 0 |
| Staphylococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS. | 0 | 6.95 | 20 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Prostatic [description not available] | 0 | 3.14 | 5 | 0 |
| Prostatic Hyperplasia Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both. | 0 | 3.14 | 5 | 0 |
| Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 11.55 | 120 | 3 |
| Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 11.55 | 120 | 3 |
| Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. | 0 | 8.59 | 20 | 2 |
| Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 4.55 | 22 | 0 |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 11.74 | 54 | 12 |
| Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. | 0 | 11.74 | 54 | 12 |
| Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. | 0 | 17.41 | 161 | 1 |
| Apoplexy [description not available] | 0 | 4.1 | 4 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 8.15 | 32 | 1 |
| Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION). | 0 | 13.15 | 32 | 1 |
| Stroke A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810) | 0 | 4.1 | 4 | 0 |
| E coli Infections [description not available] | 0 | 3.72 | 10 | 0 |
| Bacterial Infections, Gram-Negative [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Escherichia coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI. | 0 | 3.72 | 10 | 0 |
| Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years. | 0 | 4.06 | 4 | 0 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 8.43 | 70 | 2 |
| Colitis Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER. | 0 | 4.39 | 18 | 0 |
| Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply. | 0 | 4.69 | 11 | 0 |
| Colitis Gravis [description not available] | 0 | 4.7 | 10 | 0 |
| Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN. | 0 | 4.7 | 10 | 0 |
| 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease [description not available] | 0 | 4.73 | 8 | 0 |
| Autism [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Autistic Disorder A disorder beginning in childhood. It is marked by the presence of markedly abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest. Manifestations of the disorder vary greatly depending on the developmental level and chronological age of the individual. (DSM-V) | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 15.03 | 107 | 2 |
| Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available] | 0 | 7.09 | 78 | 0 |
| Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by an adverse effect of a drug or chemical. The adverse effect may be caused by drugs, drug metabolites, chemicals from the environment, or an idiosyncratic response. | 0 | 2.82 | 2 | 0 |
| Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment. | 0 | 7.09 | 78 | 0 |
| Mucopolysaccharidosis [description not available] | 0 | 4.27 | 4 | 1 |
| ARSB Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 4.42 | 3 | 1 |
| Mucopolysaccharidoses Group of lysosomal storage diseases each caused by an inherited deficiency of an enzyme involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). The diseases are progressive and often display a wide spectrum of clinical severity within one enzyme deficiency. | 0 | 4.27 | 4 | 1 |
| Mucopolysaccharidosis VI Mucopolysaccharidosis with excessive CHONDROITIN SULFATE B in urine, characterized by dwarfism and deafness. It is caused by a deficiency of N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE-4-SULFATASE (arylsulfatase B). | 0 | 4.42 | 3 | 1 |
| Mucositis An INFLAMMATION of the MUCOSA with burning or tingling sensation. It is characterized by atrophy of the squamous EPITHELIUM, vascular damage, inflammatory infiltration, and ulceration. It usually occurs at the mucous lining of the MOUTH, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the airway due to chemical irritations, CHEMOTHERAPY, or radiation therapy (RADIOTHERAPY). | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Ischemia A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION. | 0 | 3.1 | 5 | 0 |
| Anemias, Iron-Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Anemia, Iron-Deficiency Anemia characterized by decreased or absent iron stores, low serum iron concentration, low transferrin saturation, and low hemoglobin concentration or hematocrit value. The erythrocytes are hypochromic and microcytic and the iron binding capacity is increased. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Gestational [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS). Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available] | 0 | 4 | 13 | 0 |
| Diathesis [description not available] | 0 | 3.88 | 4 | 0 |
| Nerve Pain [description not available] | 0 | 4.49 | 8 | 0 |
| Neuralgia Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve. | 0 | 4.49 | 8 | 0 |
| Cancer of Ovary [description not available] | 0 | 5.46 | 15 | 0 |
| Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS. | 0 | 5.46 | 15 | 0 |
| EBV Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Libman-Sacks Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow. | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Epstein-Barr Virus Infections Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA (African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY). | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| ER-Negative PR-Negative HER2-Negative Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 3.76 | 8 | 0 |
| Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN. | 0 | 3.76 | 8 | 0 |
| Eye Cancer, Retinoblastoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinoblastoma A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104) | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Cognitive Decline [description not available] | 0 | 6.18 | 9 | 1 |
| Cognitive Dysfunction Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function. | 0 | 6.18 | 9 | 1 |
| Arthritis, Degenerative [description not available] | 0 | 7.05 | 18 | 1 |
| Osteoarthritis A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans. | 0 | 12.05 | 18 | 1 |
| Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral [description not available] | 0 | 2.61 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebral Hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. | 0 | 2.61 | 2 | 0 |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 6.61 | 36 | 0 |
| Cancer of Liver [description not available] | 0 | 8.64 | 54 | 1 |
| Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested. | 0 | 6.61 | 36 | 0 |
| Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER. | 0 | 8.64 | 54 | 1 |
| Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM. | 0 | 14.33 | 33 | 15 |
| Cholangiocellular Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.87 | 3 | 0 |
| Cholangiocarcinoma A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the BILE DUCTS. | 0 | 2.87 | 3 | 0 |
| Injuries, Spinal Cord [description not available] | 0 | 2.98 | 3 | 0 |
| Spinal Cord Injuries Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.). | 0 | 2.98 | 3 | 0 |
| Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic [description not available] | 0 | 7.62 | 15 | 2 |
| Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION. | 0 | 7.62 | 15 | 2 |
| Ankylosing Spondylarthritis [description not available] | 0 | 3.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Spondylitis, Ankylosing A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with inflammation at tendon insertions. | 0 | 3.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Anoxemia [description not available] | 0 | 4.35 | 19 | 0 |
| Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms. | 0 | 9.35 | 19 | 0 |
| Plica Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.5 | 2 | 0 |
| Synovitis Inflammation of the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE. | 0 | 2.5 | 2 | 0 |
| Plasmodium falciparum Malaria [description not available] | 0 | 3.03 | 4 | 0 |
| Malaria, Falciparum Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations. | 0 | 3.03 | 4 | 0 |
| Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill. | 0 | 5.61 | 18 | 0 |
| Atherogenesis [description not available] | 0 | 4.26 | 16 | 0 |
| Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA. | 0 | 4.26 | 16 | 0 |
| Hepatitis B Virus Infection [description not available] | 0 | 4.03 | 5 | 0 |
| Hepatitis B INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact. | 0 | 9.03 | 5 | 0 |
| Colorectal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 3.94 | 12 | 0 |
| Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI. | 0 | 3.94 | 12 | 0 |
| Cancer of Pancreas [description not available] | 0 | 4.17 | 15 | 0 |
| Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA). | 0 | 4.17 | 15 | 0 |
| Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders. | 0 | 8.35 | 14 | 0 |
| Anasarca [description not available] | 0 | 6.86 | 64 | 1 |
| Allodynia [description not available] | 0 | 3.49 | 7 | 0 |
| Ache [description not available] | 0 | 8.78 | 32 | 4 |
| Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. | 0 | 6.86 | 64 | 1 |
| Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS. | 0 | 8.78 | 32 | 4 |
| Triploid [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Brain Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
| Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits. | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
| Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY). | 0 | 7.93 | 32 | 1 |
| Lung Injury, Acute [description not available] | 0 | 4.37 | 16 | 0 |
| Acute Lung Injury A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological). | 0 | 9.37 | 16 | 0 |
| Skin Aging The process of aging due to changes in the structure and elasticity of the skin over time. It may be a part of physiological aging or it may be due to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, usually through exposure to sunlight. | 0 | 5.56 | 5 | 3 |
| Black Fever [description not available] | 0 | 4.88 | 13 | 0 |
| Leishmaniasis, Visceral A chronic disease caused by LEISHMANIA DONOVANI and transmitted by the bite of several sandflies of the genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. It is commonly characterized by fever, chills, vomiting, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, emaciation, and an earth-gray color of the skin. The disease is classified into three main types according to geographic distribution: Indian, Mediterranean (or infantile), and African. | 0 | 4.88 | 13 | 0 |
| Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available] | 0 | 5.57 | 8 | 0 |
| Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures. | 0 | 10.57 | 8 | 0 |
| Insulin Sensitivity [description not available] | 0 | 9.6 | 23 | 0 |
| Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS. | 0 | 9.6 | 23 | 0 |
| Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available] | 0 | 6.01 | 16 | 0 |
| Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules. | 0 | 6.01 | 16 | 0 |
| Infections, Orthomyxoviridae [description not available] | 0 | 4.68 | 10 | 0 |
| Orthomyxoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE. | 0 | 4.68 | 10 | 0 |
| Cancer of Endometrium [description not available] | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Endometrial Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells. | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Ovine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.23 | 6 | 0 |
| Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular [description not available] | 0 | 3.38 | 5 | 0 |
| Age-Related Memory Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.61 | 8 | 0 |
| Memory Disorders Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions. | 0 | 8.61 | 8 | 0 |
| Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery [description not available] | 0 | 4.15 | 14 | 0 |
| Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction [description not available] | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebral Ischemia [description not available] | 0 | 4.5 | 21 | 0 |
| Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 5.67 | 28 | 0 |
| Cerebral Infarction The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction). | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
| Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION. | 0 | 4.5 | 21 | 0 |
| Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA. | 0 | 5.67 | 28 | 0 |
| Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction. | 0 | 4.15 | 14 | 0 |
| Glial Cell Tumors [description not available] | 0 | 4.3 | 18 | 0 |
| Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21) | 0 | 4.3 | 18 | 0 |
| Indigestion [description not available] | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Dyspepsia Impaired digestion, especially after eating. | 0 | 7.71 | 3 | 0 |
| B16 Melanoma [description not available] | 0 | 4.78 | 30 | 0 |
| Acute Ischemic Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 3.04 | 3 | 0 |
| Ischemic Stroke Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain. When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel (see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke. Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown origin. | 0 | 3.04 | 3 | 0 |
| Uremia A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms. | 0 | 3.35 | 7 | 0 |
| Malignant Melanoma [description not available] | 0 | 7.62 | 30 | 2 |
| Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445) | 0 | 12.62 | 30 | 2 |
| Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 6.59 | 19 | 1 |
| Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available] | 0 | 3.49 | 7 | 0 |
| Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. | 0 | 6.59 | 19 | 1 |
| Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures. | 0 | 3.49 | 7 | 0 |
| Viral Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 5.44 | 8 | 0 |
| Diarrhea An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight. | 0 | 14.57 | 13 | 5 |
| Virus Diseases A general term for diseases caused by viruses. | 0 | 5.44 | 8 | 0 |
| Gastritis, Atrophic GASTRITIS with atrophy of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, the GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS, and the mucosal glands leading to ACHLORHYDRIA. Atrophic gastritis usually progresses from chronic gastritis. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipemia [description not available] | 0 | 5.99 | 18 | 0 |
| Blood Pressure, High [description not available] | 0 | 5.33 | 22 | 0 |
| Hyperlipidemias Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood. | 0 | 5.99 | 18 | 0 |
| Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. | 0 | 5.33 | 22 | 0 |
| Aortic Stenosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 2 | 0 |
| Calcification, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Aortic Valve Stenosis A pathological constriction that can occur above (supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA. | 0 | 2.9 | 2 | 0 |
| Calcinosis Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues. | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Hyperuricemia Excessive URIC ACID or urate in blood as defined by its solubility in plasma at 37 degrees C; greater than 0.42mmol per liter (7.0mg/dL) in men or 0.36mmol per liter (6.0mg/dL) in women. This condition is caused by overproduction of uric acid or impaired renal clearance. Hyperuricemia can be acquired, drug-induced or genetically determined (LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME). It is associated with HYPERTENSION and GOUT. | 0 | 3.73 | 9 | 0 |
| Cancer of Lung [description not available] | 0 | 8.26 | 46 | 1 |
| Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. | 0 | 8.26 | 46 | 1 |
| Bone Loss, Osteoclastic [description not available] | 0 | 4.82 | 11 | 0 |
| Nephritis Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY. | 0 | 6.65 | 7 | 3 |
| Asthma, Bronchial [description not available] | 0 | 4.04 | 14 | 0 |
| Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL). | 0 | 9.04 | 14 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis, Lupus [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 0 |
| Lupus Nephritis Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III - focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification 1982). | 0 | 8.33 | 1 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 20.43 | 59 | 14 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence. | 0 | 15.43 | 59 | 14 |
| Blood Poisoning [description not available] | 0 | 5.39 | 14 | 1 |
| Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK. | 0 | 5.39 | 14 | 1 |
| Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. | 0 | 5.16 | 3 | 1 |
| Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE. | 0 | 5.16 | 3 | 1 |
| Edema, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 5 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Edema Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening. | 0 | 3.12 | 5 | 0 |
| Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time. | 0 | 7.92 | 52 | 0 |
| Complications of Diabetes Mellitus [description not available] | 0 | 7 | 16 | 0 |
| Retinal Diseases Diseases involving the RETINA. | 0 | 3.82 | 4 | 0 |
| Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 5.65 | 26 | 0 |
| Heart Disease, Ischemic [description not available] | 0 | 5.17 | 10 | 0 |
| Myocardial Ischemia A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION). | 0 | 5.17 | 10 | 0 |
| Cardiac Failure [description not available] | 0 | 13.42 | 96 | 10 |
| Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 18.42 | 96 | 10 |
| Pyrexia [description not available] | 0 | 3.6 | 9 | 0 |
| Fever An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process. | 0 | 3.6 | 9 | 0 |
| ALS - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.85 | 4 | 0 |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94) | 0 | 3.85 | 4 | 0 |
| Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51) | 0 | 5.69 | 30 | 0 |
| alpha-L-Iduronidase Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Mucopolysaccharidosis I Systemic lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase (IDURONIDASE) and characterized by progressive physical deterioration with urinary excretion of DERMATAN SULFATE and HEPARAN SULFATE. There are three recognized phenotypes representing a spectrum of clinical severity from severe to mild: Hurler syndrome, Hurler-Scheie syndrome and Scheie syndrome (formerly mucopolysaccharidosis V). Symptoms may include DWARFISM; hepatosplenomegaly; thick, coarse facial features with low nasal bridge; corneal clouding; cardiac complications; and noisy breathing. | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Bladder Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 11.36 | 8 | 2 |
| Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER. | 0 | 6.36 | 8 | 2 |
| Autoimmune Urticaria [description not available] | 0 | 4.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Sepsis Associated Delirium [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 4.82 | 10 | 0 |
| Pancreatic Diseases Pathological processes of the PANCREAS. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. | 0 | 4.82 | 10 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available] | 0 | 3.92 | 13 | 0 |
| FMR1-Related Primary Ovarian Insufficiency [description not available] | 0 | 3.76 | 9 | 0 |
| Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Cessation of ovarian function after MENARCHE but before the age of 40, without or with OVARIAN FOLLICLE depletion. It is characterized by the presence of OLIGOMENORRHEA or AMENORRHEA, elevated GONADOTROPINS, and low ESTRADIOL levels. It is a state of female HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM. Etiologies include genetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy, radiation, and infections. The most commonly known genetic cause is the expansion of a CGG repeat to 55 to 199 copies in the 5' untranslated region in the X-linked FMR1 gene. | 0 | 3.76 | 9 | 0 |
| Plant Poisoning Poisoning by the ingestion of plants or its leaves, berries, roots or stalks. The manifestations in both humans and animals vary in severity from mild to life threatening. In animals, especially domestic animals, it is usually the result of ingesting moldy or fermented forage. | 0 | 7.21 | 37 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 5.59 | 28 | 0 |
| Cancer of Colon [description not available] | 0 | 5.73 | 31 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 5.59 | 28 | 0 |
| Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. | 0 | 5.73 | 31 | 0 |
| Pericementitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Alveolar Bone Atrophy [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Periodontitis Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology) | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Colitis, Mucous [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome A disorder with chronic or recurrent colonic symptoms without a clearcut etiology. This condition is characterized by chronic or recurrent ABDOMINAL PAIN, bloating, MUCUS in FECES, and an erratic disturbance of DEFECATION. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Loss, Perimenopausal [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 6 | 0 |
| Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal Metabolic disorder associated with fractures of the femoral neck, vertebrae, and distal forearm. It occurs commonly in women within 15-20 years after menopause, and is caused by factors associated with menopause including estrogen deficiency. | 0 | 3.33 | 6 | 0 |
| Chronic Illness [description not available] | 0 | 9.17 | 17 | 2 |
| Adverse Drug Event [description not available] | 0 | 5.19 | 8 | 0 |
| Hives [description not available] | 0 | 4.11 | 2 | 0 |
| Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). | 0 | 9.17 | 17 | 2 |
| Urticaria A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy, infection, or stress. | 0 | 9.11 | 2 | 0 |
| Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals. | 0 | 5.19 | 8 | 0 |
| Anemia, Cooley's [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemoglobinopathies A group of inherited disorders characterized by structural alterations within the hemoglobin molecule. | 0 | 8.32 | 2 | 0 |
| beta-Thalassemia A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin. There is retardation of hemoglobin A synthesis in the heterozygous form (thalassemia minor), which is asymptomatic, while in the homozygous form (thalassemia major, Cooley's anemia, Mediterranean anemia, erythroblastic anemia), which can result in severe complications and even death, hemoglobin A synthesis is absent. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal. | 0 | 9.94 | 29 | 1 |
| Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level. | 0 | 14.94 | 29 | 1 |
| Aganglionic Megacolon [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Hirschsprung Disease Congenital MEGACOLON resulting from the absence of ganglion cells (aganglionosis) in a distal segment of the LARGE INTESTINE. The aganglionic segment is permanently contracted thus causing dilatation proximal to it. In most cases, the aganglionic segment is within the RECTUM and SIGMOID COLON. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Spinal Stenosis Narrowing of the spinal canal. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Epithelial Ovarian Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1, RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available] | 0 | 5.46 | 15 | 1 |
| Cancer of Skin [description not available] | 0 | 7.75 | 24 | 3 |
| Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 5.46 | 15 | 1 |
| Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN. | 0 | 7.75 | 24 | 3 |
| Extramembranous Glomerulopathy [description not available] | 0 | 4.27 | 3 | 1 |
| Glomerulonephritis, Membranous A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the basement membrane. | 0 | 4.27 | 3 | 1 |
| Pheochromocytoma, Extra-Adrenal [description not available] | 0 | 3.1 | 5 | 0 |
| Pheochromocytoma A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular, vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MEDULLA or sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the increased secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE, is HYPERTENSION, which may be persistent or intermittent. During severe attacks, there may be HEADACHE; SWEATING, palpitation, apprehension, TREMOR; PALLOR or FLUSHING of the face, NAUSEA and VOMITING, pain in the CHEST and ABDOMEN, and paresthesias of the extremities. The incidence of malignancy is as low as 5% but the pathologic distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas is not clear. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1298) | 0 | 3.1 | 5 | 0 |
| IgA Vasculitis A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-containing IMMUNE COMPLEXES within the blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the kidney (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS). Clinical symptoms include URTICARIA; ERYTHEMA; ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; and renal involvement. Most cases are seen in children after acute upper respiratory infections. | 0 | 7.71 | 8 | 3 |
| Deficiency, Yin [description not available] | 0 | 3.86 | 2 | 1 |
| Diabetic Angiopathies VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. | 0 | 5.22 | 12 | 0 |
| Leucocythaemia [description not available] | 0 | 8.51 | 34 | 2 |
| Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006) | 0 | 8.51 | 34 | 2 |
| Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues. | 0 | 5.93 | 11 | 0 |
| Acidosis, Diabetic [description not available] | 0 | 13.3 | 25 | 9 |
| Diabetic Ketoacidosis A life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, primarily of TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS with severe INSULIN deficiency and extreme HYPERGLYCEMIA. It is characterized by KETOSIS; DEHYDRATION; and depressed consciousness leading to COMA. | 0 | 13.3 | 25 | 9 |
| Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) | 0 | 8.29 | 102 | 0 |
| Alcoholic Pancreatitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms. | 0 | 5.74 | 34 | 0 |
| Disbacteriosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.86 | 3 | 0 |
| Congenital Zika Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Zika Virus Infection A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Small Cell Lung [description not available] | 0 | 2.81 | 3 | 0 |
| Small Cell Lung Carcinoma A form of highly malignant lung cancer that is composed of small ovoid cells (SMALL CELL CARCINOMA). | 0 | 2.81 | 3 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Yang [description not available] | 0 | 2.61 | 2 | 0 |
| Congestive Ophthalmopathy [description not available] | 0 | 5.73 | 3 | 2 |
| Graves Ophthalmopathy An autoimmune disorder of the EYE, occurring in patients with Graves disease. Subtypes include congestive (inflammation of the orbital connective tissue), myopathic (swelling and dysfunction of the extraocular muscles), and mixed congestive-myopathic ophthalmopathy. | 0 | 5.73 | 3 | 2 |
| Candida Infection [description not available] | 0 | 5.93 | 14 | 0 |
| Candidiasis Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 5.93 | 14 | 0 |
| Eczema, Atopic [description not available] | 0 | 5.89 | 8 | 1 |
| Dermatitis, Atopic A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema. | 0 | 5.89 | 8 | 1 |
| Starvation Lengthy and continuous deprivation of food. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 4.38 | 8 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available] | 0 | 3.91 | 13 | 0 |
| Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer. | 0 | 3.91 | 13 | 0 |
| Osteoarthritis of Knee [description not available] | 0 | 5.26 | 4 | 3 |
| Osteoarthritis, Knee Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019) | 0 | 5.26 | 4 | 3 |
| Myelopathy [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Spinal Cord Diseases Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Alcoholic Liver Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Liver Diseases, Alcoholic Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS. | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Blood Clot [description not available] | 0 | 5.56 | 9 | 2 |
| Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel. | 0 | 10.56 | 9 | 2 |
| Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes are associated with this cancer. | 0 | 3.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Esophagus [description not available] | 0 | 5.83 | 5 | 1 |
| Esophageal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS. | 0 | 5.83 | 5 | 1 |
| Gastric Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 4.05 | 14 | 0 |
| Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). | 0 | 4.05 | 14 | 0 |
| Health Care Associated Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.78 | 3 | 0 |
| Cross Infection Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution. | 0 | 2.78 | 3 | 0 |
| Genital Tract Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA. | 0 | 5.78 | 12 | 2 |
| Kidney Stones [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Kidney Calculi Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE. | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Testis [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Testicular Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms. | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Seminoma A radiosensitive, malignant neoplasm of the testis, thought to be derived from primordial germ cells of the sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonad. There are three variants: classical (typical), the most common type; anaplastic; and spermatocytic. The classical seminoma is composed of fairly well differentiated sheets or cords of uniform polygonal or round cells (seminoma cells), each cell having abundant clear cytoplasm, distinct cell membranes, a centrally placed round nucleus, and one or more nucleoli. In the female, a grossly and histologically identical neoplasm, known as dysgerminoma, occurs. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Plasmodium [description not available] | 0 | 5.42 | 14 | 0 |
| Rheumatism [description not available] | 0 | 3.58 | 3 | 0 |
| Malaria A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia. | 0 | 10.42 | 14 | 0 |
| Rheumatic Diseases Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement. | 0 | 3.58 | 3 | 0 |
| Ulcer A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. | 0 | 4.37 | 8 | 0 |
| Recrudescence [description not available] | 0 | 7.36 | 10 | 2 |
| Lichen Planus, Oral Oral lesions accompanying cutaneous lichen planus or often occurring alone. The buccal mucosa, lips, gingivae, floor of the mouth, and palate are usually affected (in a descending order of frequency). Typically, oral lesions consist of radiating white or gray, velvety, threadlike lines, arranged in a reticular pattern, at the intersection of which there may be minute, white, elevated dots or streaks (Wickham's striae). (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry) | 0 | 4.79 | 2 | 1 |
| Bed Sores [description not available] | 0 | 2.87 | 4 | 0 |
| Pressure Ulcer An ulceration caused by prolonged pressure on the SKIN and TISSUES when one stays in one position for a long period of time, such as lying in bed. The bony areas of the body are the most frequently affected sites which become ischemic (ISCHEMIA) under sustained and constant pressure. | 0 | 2.87 | 4 | 0 |
| Airflow Obstruction, Chronic [description not available] | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
| Experimental Lung Inflammation Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma. | 0 | 3.69 | 10 | 0 |
| Pneumonia Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation. | 0 | 3.69 | 10 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA. | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
| Nephrotic Syndrome A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction. | 0 | 3.11 | 5 | 0 |
| Tuberculosis, Drug-Resistant [description not available] | 0 | 3.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Koch's Disease [description not available] | 0 | 5.38 | 10 | 0 |
| Tuberculosis Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS. | 0 | 10.38 | 10 | 0 |
| Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis resistant to chemotherapy with two or more ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS, including at least ISONIAZID and RIFAMPICIN. The problem of resistance is particularly troublesome in tuberculous OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS associated with HIV INFECTIONS. It requires the use of second line drugs which are more toxic than the first line regimens. TB with isolates that have developed further resistance to at least three of the six classes of second line drugs is defined as EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS. | 0 | 3.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Cervix [description not available] | 0 | 3.74 | 10 | 0 |
| Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX. | 0 | 3.74 | 10 | 0 |
| Alveolitis, Fibrosing [description not available] | 0 | 4.68 | 9 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Fibrosis A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death. | 0 | 4.68 | 9 | 0 |
| ADDH [description not available] | 0 | 3.23 | 1 | 0 |
| Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity A behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood. (From DSM-V) | 0 | 3.23 | 1 | 0 |
| Gout Metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and around the joints, sometimes with formation of URIC ACID calculi. | 0 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 |
| Encephalopathy, Traumatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Injuries, Traumatic A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used. | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity. | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Disease Exacerbation [description not available] | 0 | 4.74 | 6 | 1 |
| Bone Diseases, Developmental Diseases resulting in abnormal GROWTH or abnormal MORPHOGENESIS of BONES. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available] | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903) | 0 | 8.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Brain Inflammation [description not available] | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Encephalitis Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition. | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Infections, Coronavirus [description not available] | 0 | 4.48 | 4 | 1 |
| Dysentery, Shiga bacillus [description not available] | 0 | 3.21 | 6 | 0 |
| Genital Herpes [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Klebsiella [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Dysentery, Bacillary DYSENTERY caused by gram-negative rod-shaped enteric bacteria (ENTEROBACTERIACEAE), most often by the genus SHIGELLA. Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups according to syndrome severity and the infectious species. Group A: SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE (severest); Group B: SHIGELLA FLEXNERI; Group C: SHIGELLA BOYDII; and Group D: SHIGELLA SONNEI (mildest). | 0 | 3.21 | 6 | 0 |
| Herpes Genitalis Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Klebsiella Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA. | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Pneumonia, Viral Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection. | 0 | 2.66 | 2 | 0 |
| Coronavirus Infections Virus diseases caused by the CORONAVIRUS genus. Some specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (ENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF TURKEYS); FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; and transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (GASTROENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF SWINE). | 0 | 4.48 | 4 | 1 |
| Experimental Hepatoma [description not available] | 0 | 5.15 | 18 | 0 |
| Osteolysis Dissolution of bone that particularly involves the removal or loss of calcium. | 0 | 2.91 | 3 | 0 |
| Palmoplantaris Pustulosis [description not available] | 0 | 5.81 | 8 | 1 |
| SAPHO Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 7.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis. | 0 | 5.81 | 8 | 1 |
| Acquired Hyperostosis Syndrome Syndrome consisting of SYNOVITIS; ACNE CONGLOBATA; PALMOPLANTAR PUSTULOSIS; HYPEROSTOSIS; and OSTEITIS. The most common site of the disease is the upper anterior chest wall, characterized by predominantly osteosclerotic lesions, hyperostosis, and arthritis of the adjacent joints. The association of sterile inflammatory bone lesions and neutrophilic skin eruptions is indicative of this syndrome. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory [description not available] | 0 | 3.59 | 7 | 0 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS. | 0 | 3.59 | 7 | 0 |
| Cardiometabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY. | 0 | 3.17 | 4 | 0 |
| Metabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state. | 0 | 8.17 | 4 | 0 |
| Stomatitis, Vesicular [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available] | 0 | 5.32 | 12 | 0 |
| Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75) | 0 | 5.32 | 12 | 0 |
| Eosinophilia, Tropical [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Enteritis Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Eosinophilia Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastritis Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion observed in a number of unrelated disorders. | 0 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung [description not available] | 0 | 3.76 | 10 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy. | 0 | 3.76 | 10 | 0 |
| Hyperthyroid [description not available] | 0 | 8.97 | 5 | 0 |
| Hyperthyroidism Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE. | 0 | 8.97 | 5 | 0 |
| Chronic Kidney Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 9.71 | 15 | 4 |
| Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002) | 0 | 9.71 | 15 | 4 |
| Adnexitis Inflammation of the uterine appendages (ADNEXA UTERI) including infection of the FALLOPIAN TUBES (SALPINGITIS), the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), or the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS). | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Primary Peritonitis [description not available] | 0 | 3.03 | 4 | 0 |
| Infection, Postoperative Wound [description not available] | 0 | 3.78 | 2 | 1 |
| Dehiscence, Surgical Wound [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Pelvic Inflammatory Disease A spectrum of inflammation involving the female upper genital tract and the supporting tissues. It is usually caused by an ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix. Infection may be confined to the uterus (ENDOMETRITIS), the FALLOPIAN TUBES; (SALPINGITIS); the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS), or may involve several of the above uterine appendages. Such inflammation can lead to functional impairment and infertility. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Peritonitis INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs. | 0 | 3.03 | 4 | 0 |
| Albuminuria The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 3.74 | 3 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling [description not available] | 0 | 2.55 | 2 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Hypertension [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertension, Pulmonary Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Fasting Hypoglycemia HYPOGLYCEMIA expressed in the postabsorptive state, after prolonged FASTING, or an overnight fast. | 0 | 10.76 | 16 | 4 |
| Hypoglycemia A syndrome of abnormally low BLOOD GLUCOSE level. Clinical hypoglycemia has diverse etiologies. Severe hypoglycemia eventually lead to glucose deprivation of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM resulting in HUNGER; SWEATING; PARESTHESIA; impaired mental function; SEIZURES; COMA; and even DEATH. | 0 | 10.76 | 16 | 4 |
| Airway Remodeling The structural changes in the number, mass, size and/or composition of the airway tissues. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Allergic Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 8.46 | 8 | 0 |
| Hypersensitivity Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen. | 0 | 3.46 | 8 | 0 |
| Aspergillus Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
| Aspergillosis Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS. | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
| Overweight A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal over fat. | 0 | 4.94 | 2 | 1 |
| Acute Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 10.06 | 13 | 9 |
| Blood Pressure, Low [description not available] | 0 | 11.15 | 14 | 11 |
| Hypotension Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients. | 0 | 11.15 | 14 | 11 |
| Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions. | 0 | 10.06 | 13 | 9 |
| Fungal Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 10.39 | 12 | 4 |
| Mycoses Diseases caused by FUNGI. | 0 | 10.39 | 12 | 4 |
| Poultry Diseases Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild. | 0 | 4.1 | 3 | 1 |
| Bronchitis Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI. | 0 | 4.04 | 3 | 1 |
| Cystic Echinococcosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Hypertrophy Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix. | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES. | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Liver Steatosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 6 | 0 |
| Fatty Liver Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS. | 0 | 3.37 | 6 | 0 |
| Enlarged Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Cranial Nerve II Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Atrial Remodeling Long-term changes in the electrophysiological parameters and/or anatomical structures of the HEART ATRIA that result from prolonged changes in atrial rate, often associated with ATRIAL FIBRILLATION or long periods of intense EXERCISE. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Arrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 9.25 | 19 | 0 |
| Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction. | 0 | 4.25 | 19 | 0 |
| Tauopathies Neurodegenerative disorders involving deposition of abnormal tau protein isoforms (TAU PROTEINS) in neurons and glial cells in the brain. Pathological aggregations of tau proteins are associated with mutation of the tau gene on chromosome 17 in patients with ALZHEIMER DISEASE; DEMENTIA; PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS; progressive supranuclear palsy (SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY, PROGRESSIVE); and corticobasal degeneration. | 0 | 3.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Colonic Inertia Symptom characterized by the passage of stool once a week or less. | 0 | 6.41 | 9 | 2 |
| Constipation Infrequent or difficult evacuation of FECES. These symptoms are associated with a variety of causes, including low DIETARY FIBER intake, emotional or nervous disturbances, systemic and structural disorders, drug-induced aggravation, and infections. | 0 | 6.41 | 9 | 2 |
| Atrophy, Muscle [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Muscular Atrophy Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation. | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Nervous System Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 6.44 | 7 | 0 |
| Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. | 0 | 6.44 | 7 | 0 |
| Acne [description not available] | 0 | 3.61 | 3 | 0 |
| Bacterial Infections, Gram-Positive [description not available] | 0 | 3.74 | 3 | 0 |
| Acne Vulgaris A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but heredity and age are predisposing factors. | 0 | 3.61 | 3 | 0 |
| Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method. | 0 | 3.74 | 3 | 0 |
| Hypertriglyceridemia A condition of elevated levels of TRIGLYCERIDES in the blood. | 0 | 2.76 | 3 | 0 |
| Diplopia A visual symptom in which a single object is perceived by the visual cortex as two objects rather than one. Disorders associated with this condition include REFRACTIVE ERRORS; STRABISMUS; OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES; TROCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; ABDUCENS NERVE DISEASES; and diseases of the BRAIN STEM and OCCIPITAL LOBE. | 0 | 3.7 | 1 | 1 |
| Exophthalmos Abnormal protrusion of both eyes; may be caused by endocrine gland malfunction, malignancy, injury, or paralysis of the extrinsic muscles of the eye. | 0 | 3.7 | 1 | 1 |
| Basedow Disease [description not available] | 0 | 4.67 | 3 | 2 |
| Central Hypothyroidism [description not available] | 0 | 4.6 | 6 | 1 |
| Graves Disease A common form of hyperthyroidism with a diffuse hyperplastic GOITER. It is an autoimmune disorder that produces antibodies against the THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR. These autoantibodies activate the TSH receptor, thereby stimulating the THYROID GLAND and hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES. These autoantibodies can also affect the eyes (GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY) and the skin (Graves dermopathy). | 0 | 9.67 | 3 | 2 |
| Hypothyroidism A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA. It may be primary or secondary due to other pituitary disease, or hypothalamic dysfunction. | 0 | 4.6 | 6 | 1 |
| Eye Pain A dull or sharp painful sensation associated with the outer or inner structures of the eyeball, having different causes. | 0 | 3.7 | 1 | 1 |
| Systolic Heart Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Heart Failure, Systolic Heart failure caused by abnormal myocardial contraction during SYSTOLE leading to defective cardiac emptying. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypospermatogenesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
| Lymphocytopenia [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Lymphopenia Reduction in the number of lymphocytes. | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Disease Resistance The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants. | 0 | 4.41 | 7 | 0 |
| Dyslipidemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.61 | 2 | 0 |
| Dyslipidemias Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL. | 0 | 2.61 | 2 | 0 |
| Arachnoidal Cerebellar Sarcoma, Circumscribed [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Medulloblastoma A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood (see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes. Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1) | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Local Neoplasm Recurrence [description not available] | 0 | 3.89 | 2 | 1 |
| Hepatic Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Failure Severe inability of the LIVER to perform its normal metabolic functions, as evidenced by severe JAUNDICE and abnormal serum levels of AMMONIA; BILIRUBIN; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASES; and albumin/globulin ratio. (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed) | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Protein Folding Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Mastitis INFLAMMATION of the BREAST, or MAMMARY GLAND. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetic Cardiomyopathies Diabetes complications in which VENTRICULAR REMODELING in the absence of CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS and hypertension results in cardiac dysfunctions, typically LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION. The changes also result in myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial necrosis and fibrosis, and collagen deposition due to impaired glucose tolerance. | 0 | 2.88 | 3 | 0 |
| Cancer of Mouth [description not available] | 0 | 3.16 | 5 | 0 |
| Mouth Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH. | 0 | 3.16 | 5 | 0 |
| Experimental Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 8.84 | 57 | 1 |
| Acute Generalised Exanthematous Pustulosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Pemphigoid [description not available] | 0 | 7.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Pemphigoid, Bullous A chronic and relatively benign subepidermal blistering disease usually of the elderly and without histopathologic acantholysis. | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Dermatitis, Eczematous [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Eczema A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th ed). | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Orphan Diseases Rare diseases that have not been well studied. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Acetyl-CoA:alpha-Glucosaminide N-Acetyltransferase Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Mucopolysaccharidosis III Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by heparitin sulfate in the urine, progressive mental retardation, mild dwarfism, and other skeletal disorders. There are four clinically indistinguishable but biochemically distinct forms, each due to a deficiency of a different enzyme. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Joint Pain [description not available] | 0 | 5.07 | 3 | 1 |
| Arthralgia Pain in the joint. | 0 | 5.07 | 3 | 1 |
| Absence Seizure [description not available] | 0 | 4.09 | 15 | 0 |
| Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder. | 0 | 4.09 | 15 | 0 |
| Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 3 | 0 |
| Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways. | 0 | 3 | 4 | 0 |
| Parkinsonian Disorders A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE), secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA. | 0 | 2.89 | 3 | 0 |
| Sicca Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 3.5 | 2 | 0 |
| Sjogren's Syndrome Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid arthritis. | 0 | 3.5 | 2 | 0 |
| Aspergilloses, Bronchopulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 3.23 | 1 | 0 |
| Disseminated Fungal Infection [description not available] | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Aspergillosis Infections of the respiratory tract with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS. | 0 | 3.23 | 1 | 0 |
| Candidiasis, Invasive An important nosocomial fungal infection with species of the genus CANDIDA, most frequently CANDIDA ALBICANS. Invasive candidiasis occurs when candidiasis goes beyond a superficial infection and manifests as CANDIDEMIA, deep tissue infection, or disseminated disease with deep organ involvement. | 0 | 5.58 | 5 | 1 |
| Pancreatic Fistula Abnormal passage communicating with the PANCREAS. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Complication, Postoperative [description not available] | 0 | 5.68 | 12 | 0 |
| Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. | 0 | 5.68 | 12 | 0 |
| Allergic Contact Dermatitis [description not available] | 0 | 3.62 | 9 | 0 |
| Dermatitis, Allergic Contact A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure. | 0 | 3.62 | 9 | 0 |
| Eye Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.79 | 4 | 0 |
| Eye Diseases Diseases affecting the eye. | 0 | 3.79 | 4 | 0 |
| Acute Necrotizing Encephalitis, Herpetic [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal. The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1 (HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2 (HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations; APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4) | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Bovine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.84 | 12 | 0 |
| Milk Fever, Animal [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypocalcemia Reduction of the blood calcium below normal. Manifestations include hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, Chvostek's sign, muscle and abdominal cramps, and carpopedal spasm. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.53 | 2 | 0 |
| Chronic Hepatitis B [description not available] | 0 | 3.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatitis B, Chronic INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact. | 0 | 3.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure Sudden liver failure in the presence of underlying compensated chronic LIVER DISEASE (e.g., LIVER CIRRHOSIS; HEPATITIS; and liver injury and failure) due to a precipitating acute hepatic insult. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| African Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Burkitt Lymphoma A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative. | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Vibrio cholerae Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Cholera An acute diarrheal disease endemic in India and Southeast Asia whose causative agent is VIBRIO CHOLERAE. This condition can lead to severe dehydration in a matter of hours unless quickly treated. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Contact Dermatitis [description not available] | 0 | 6.77 | 14 | 1 |
| Facial Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the FACE. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms. | 0 | 6.77 | 14 | 1 |
| Astheno Teratozoospermia [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Menopause The last menstrual period. Permanent cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) is usually defined after 6 to 12 months of AMENORRHEA in a woman over 45 years of age. In the United States, menopause generally occurs in women between 48 and 55 years of age. | 0 | 5.49 | 5 | 1 |
| Leukemia, Acute Monocytic [description not available] | 0 | 4.61 | 3 | 2 |
| Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute An acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage including monoblasts, promonocytes, and MONOCYTES. | 0 | 4.61 | 3 | 2 |
| Metastase [description not available] | 0 | 12.36 | 26 | 1 |
| Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site. | 0 | 7.36 | 26 | 1 |
| Endometrioma An enlarged area of ENDOMETRIOSIS that resembles a tumor. It is usually found in the OVARY. When it is filled with old blood, it is known as a chocolate cyst. | 0 | 3.84 | 2 | 1 |
| Endometriosis A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum. | 0 | 8.84 | 2 | 1 |
| Cancer of Stomach [description not available] | 0 | 3.6 | 8 | 0 |
| Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH. | 0 | 3.6 | 8 | 0 |
| Allergic Encephalomyelitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.75 | 3 | 0 |
| Biliary Calculi [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Gallstones Solid crystalline precipitates in the BILIARY TRACT, usually formed in the GALLBLADDER, resulting in the condition of CHOLELITHIASIS. Gallstones, derived from the BILE, consist mainly of calcium, cholesterol, or bilirubin. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Mandibular Retroposition [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Hepatic Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Liver Failure, Acute A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or massive loss of HEPATOCYTES. It is characterized by sudden development of liver dysfunction and JAUNDICE. Acute liver failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA, drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C. | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Clinically Isolated CNS Demyelinating Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.78 | 3 | 0 |
| Peripheral Nerve Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.58 | 3 | 0 |
| Demyelinating Diseases Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system. | 0 | 2.78 | 3 | 0 |
| Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves. | 0 | 3.58 | 3 | 0 |
| Allergy, Food [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Food Hypersensitivity Gastrointestinal disturbances, skin eruptions, or shock due to allergic reactions to allergens in food. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatitis INFLAMMATION of the LIVER. | 0 | 3.87 | 4 | 0 |
| Genetic Predisposition [description not available] | 0 | 3.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Bile Duct Obstruction, Intrahepatic [description not available] | 0 | 3.09 | 1 | 0 |
| Itching [description not available] | 0 | 3.3 | 2 | 0 |
| Cholestasis, Intrahepatic Impairment of bile flow due to injury to the HEPATOCYTES; BILE CANALICULI; or the intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC). | 0 | 3.09 | 1 | 0 |
| Pruritus An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief. | 0 | 3.3 | 2 | 0 |
| Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup A [description not available] | 0 | 2.58 | 2 | 0 |
| Meningitis, Meningococcal A fulminant infection of the meninges and subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS, producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor, focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults. Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr 1998 Feb;10(1):13-8) | 0 | 2.58 | 2 | 0 |
| Bone Inflammation [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Anaphylactic Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 3.46 | 8 | 0 |
| Anaphylaxis An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death. | 0 | 3.46 | 8 | 0 |
| Weight Reduction [description not available] | 0 | 7.17 | 7 | 3 |
| Weight Loss Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT. | 0 | 7.17 | 7 | 3 |
| Cancer of Prostate [description not available] | 0 | 3.91 | 12 | 0 |
| Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE. | 0 | 3.91 | 12 | 0 |
| Dermatitis, Occupational A recurrent contact dermatitis caused by substances found in the work place. | 0 | 3.68 | 10 | 0 |
| Finger Injuries General or unspecified injuries involving the fingers. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Tonsillitis Inflammation of the tonsils, especially the PALATINE TONSILS but the ADENOIDS (pharyngeal tonsils) and lingual tonsils may also be involved. Tonsillitis usually is caused by bacterial infection. Tonsillitis may be acute, chronic, or recurrent. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Onset Vascular Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 2.81 | 3 | 0 |
| Dementia, Vascular An imprecise term referring to dementia associated with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION (single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44) | 0 | 2.81 | 3 | 0 |
| IgG4 Related Systemic Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease A spectrum of systemic autoimmune diseases in which IMMUNOGLOBULIN G4 plays a pathophysiologic role. It can affect multiple organs in highly variable presentations, characterized by inflammatory lesions composed of IgG4-positive PLASMA CELLS, further infiltrated by T helper cells (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER) when linked to progressive FIBROSIS and eventual organ damage. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Macular Degeneration Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Hot Flashes A sudden, temporary sensation of heat predominantly experienced by some women during MENOPAUSE. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed) | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Licheniform Eruptions [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Petechiae Pinhead size (3 mm) skin discolorization due to hemorrhage. | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Hand Dermatosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.49 | 8 | 0 |
| Foot Dermatoses Skin diseases of the foot, general or unspecified. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Hand Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the HANDS. | 0 | 3.49 | 8 | 0 |
| Purpura Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage into the tissues. When the size of the discolorization is | 0 | 7.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Encephalopathy, Toxic [description not available] | 0 | 3.23 | 6 | 0 |
| Aura [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313) | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Alopecia Cicatrisata [description not available] | 0 | 6.7 | 6 | 4 |
| Loose Anagen Hair Syndrome Benign childhood alopecia that improves spontaneously with aging. It is characterized by anagen hairs (misshapen hair bulbs and absent inner and outer root sheaths), thin, and sparse hairs that pulls out easily. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Alopecia Absence of hair from areas where it is normally present. | 0 | 6.7 | 6 | 4 |
| Asymmetric Diabetic Proximal Motor Neuropathy [description not available] | 0 | 6.55 | 11 | 1 |
| Diabetic Neuropathies Peripheral, autonomic, and cranial nerve disorders that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. These conditions usually result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves (VASA NERVORUM). Relatively common conditions which may be associated with diabetic neuropathy include third nerve palsy (see OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES); MONONEUROPATHY; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic amyotrophy; a painful POLYNEUROPATHY; autonomic neuropathy; and thoracoabdominal neuropathy. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1325) | 0 | 6.55 | 11 | 1 |
| Bacteroides Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus BACTEROIDES. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| MPTP Neurotoxicity Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 3.32 | 6 | 0 |
| Kahler Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.23 | 6 | 0 |
| Multiple Myeloma A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. | 0 | 3.23 | 6 | 0 |
| Leishmania Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Leishmaniasis A disease caused by any of a number of species of protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World) (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS), and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL). | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Delayed Hypersensitivity [description not available] | 0 | 3.77 | 11 | 0 |
| Erythema Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes. | 0 | 2.98 | 4 | 0 |
| Scoliosis An appreciable lateral deviation in the normally straight vertical line of the spine. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Ureteral Obstruction Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Edematous Pancreatitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Pancreatitis INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin. | 0 | 2.81 | 3 | 0 |
| Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 3.75 | 11 | 0 |
| Altitude Hypoxia Low ambient oxygen tension associated with ALTITUDE. | 0 | 2.57 | 2 | 0 |
| Brain Swelling [description not available] | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
| Altitude Sickness Multiple symptoms associated with reduced oxygen at high ALTITUDE. | 0 | 2.57 | 2 | 0 |
| Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6) | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
| Granulocytic Leukemia, Chronic [description not available] | 0 | 3.03 | 4 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS. | 0 | 3.03 | 4 | 0 |
| Abnormal Movements [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Hereditary Autoinflammation Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Colicky Pain [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Abdominal Pain Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Prosthesis Durability [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Chilaiditi Anomaly [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Vulvovaginitis Inflammation of the VULVA and the VAGINA, characterized by discharge, burning, and PRURITUS. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Neuropathy, Subacute Combined Degeneration [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Anoxia-Ischemia, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA; COMA; and other conditions. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Infectious Skin Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.6 | 3 | 0 |
| Skin Diseases, Infectious Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses. | 0 | 3.6 | 3 | 0 |
| Gouty Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Gouty Arthritis, especially of the great toe, as a result of gout. Acute gouty arthritis often is precipitated by trauma, infection, surgery, etc. The initial attacks are usually monoarticular but later attacks are often polyarticular. Acute and chronic gouty arthritis are associated with accumulation of MONOSODIUM URATE in and around affected joints. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| alpha Mannosidase B Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| alpha-Mannosidosis An inborn error of metabolism marked by a defect in the lysosomal isoform of ALPHA-MANNOSIDASE activity that results in lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich intermediate metabolites. Virtually all patients have psychomotor retardation, facial coarsening, and some degree of dysostosis multiplex. It is thought to be an autosomal recessive disorder. | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Liver Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 7.26 | 33 | 0 |
| Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER. | 0 | 7.26 | 33 | 0 |
| Amentia [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Dementia An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Caliciviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by CALICIVIRIDAE. They include HEPATITIS E; VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE; acute respiratory infections in felines, rabbit hemorrhagic disease, and some cases of gastroenteritis in humans. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperoxaluria Excretion of an excessive amount of OXALATES in the urine. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola A highly fatal, acute hemorrhagic fever caused by EBOLAVIRUS. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Vibrio [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Acetonemia [description not available] | 0 | 4.51 | 1 | 1 |
| Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Polycystic Ovary Syndrome A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term, polycystic ovary, is misleading. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Myelogenous Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 6.69 | 12 | 2 |
| Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. | 0 | 6.69 | 12 | 2 |
| Avian Flu [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Influenza in Birds Infection of domestic and wild fowl and other BIRDS with INFLUENZA A VIRUS. Avian influenza usually does not sicken birds, but can be highly pathogenic and fatal in domestic POULTRY. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Glycosuria The appearance of an abnormally large amount of GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA). | 0 | 9.68 | 22 | 2 |
| Catarrh Inflammation of a mucous membrane with increased flow of mucous in humans or animals. Catarrh is used mostly in a historical context. | 0 | 3.85 | 2 | 1 |
| Infections, Picornaviridae [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Common Cold A catarrhal disorder of the upper respiratory tract, which may be viral or a mixed infection. It generally involves a runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing. | 0 | 3.85 | 2 | 1 |
| Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such as TESTOSTERONE. | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Colitis, Granulomatous [description not available] | 0 | 7.25 | 5 | 3 |
| Crohn Disease A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients. | 0 | 7.25 | 5 | 3 |
| Granulomas [description not available] | 0 | 3.66 | 10 | 0 |
| Granuloma A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents. | 0 | 3.66 | 10 | 0 |
| Cholera Infantum [description not available] | 0 | 6.84 | 7 | 4 |
| American Trypanosomiasis [description not available] | 0 | 2.93 | 4 | 0 |
| Chagas Disease Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON. | 0 | 2.93 | 4 | 0 |
| Muscle Relaxation That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position. | 0 | 3.51 | 8 | 0 |
| Infections, Pseudomonas [description not available] | 0 | 3.46 | 8 | 0 |
| Pseudomonas Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS. | 0 | 3.46 | 8 | 0 |
| Cough A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Stunted Growth [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Growth Disorders Deviations from the average values for a specific age and sex in any or all of the following: height, weight, skeletal proportions, osseous development, or maturation of features. Included here are both acceleration and retardation of growth. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Endomyocardial Fibrosis A condition characterized by the thickening of the ventricular ENDOCARDIUM and subendocardium (MYOCARDIUM), seen mostly in children and young adults in the TROPICAL CLIMATE. The fibrous tissue extends from the apex toward and often involves the HEART VALVES causing restrictive blood flow into the respective ventricles (CARDIOMYOPATHY, RESTRICTIVE). | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Wounds, Penetrating Wounds caused by objects penetrating the skin. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Keloid A sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar resulting from formation of excessive amounts of collagen in the dermis during connective tissue repair. It is differentiated from a hypertrophic scar (CICATRIX, HYPERTROPHIC) in that the former does not spread to surrounding tissues. | 0 | 4.05 | 3 | 1 |
| Acute Bacterial Prostatitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Prostatitis Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to treatment. | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| African Sleeping Sickness [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Trypanosomiasis, African A disease endemic among people and animals in Central Africa. It is caused by various species of trypanosomes, particularly T. gambiense and T. rhodesiense. Its second host is the TSETSE FLY. Involvement of the central nervous system produces African sleeping sickness. Nagana is a rapidly fatal trypanosomiasis of horses and other animals. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis) or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Glycosuria, Renal An autosomal inherited disorder due to defective reabsorption of GLUCOSE by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The urinary loss of glucose can reach beyond 50 g/day. It is attributed to the mutations in the SODIUM-GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 2 encoded by the SLC5A2 gene. | 0 | 3.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Dementias, Transmissible [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Polyarthritis [description not available] | 0 | 4.57 | 10 | 0 |
| Arthritis Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS. | 0 | 4.57 | 10 | 0 |
| Lassitude [description not available] | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Fatigue The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli. | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body. | 0 | 6.27 | 14 | 3 |
| Food Poisoning [description not available] | 0 | 5.3 | 9 | 0 |
| Adult GM1 Gangliosidosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Gangliosidosis, GM1 An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACTOSIDASE. It is characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of G(M1) GANGLIOSIDE and oligosaccharides, primarily in neurons of the central nervous system. The infantile form is characterized by MUSCLE HYPOTONIA, poor psychomotor development, HIRSUTISM, hepatosplenomegaly, and facial abnormalities. The juvenile form features HYPERACUSIS; SEIZURES; and psychomotor retardation. The adult form features progressive DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp96-7) | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments. | 0 | 6.53 | 30 | 0 |
| Herpes Simplex Virus Infection [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 6 | 0 |
| Genetic Skin Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Erythema Multiforme A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with characteristic bull's-eye lesions usually occurring on the dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Herpes Simplex A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.) | 0 | 3.33 | 6 | 0 |
| Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism [description not available] | 0 | 3.85 | 2 | 1 |
| Hypogonadism Condition resulting from deficient gonadal functions, such as GAMETOGENESIS and the production of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES. It is characterized by delay in GROWTH, germ cell maturation, and development of secondary sex characteristics. Hypogonadism can be due to a deficiency of GONADOTROPINS (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) or due to primary gonadal failure (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism). | 0 | 8.85 | 2 | 1 |
| Arteriosclerosis Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries. | 0 | 3.77 | 11 | 0 |
| Metabolic Acidosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Coagulation Disorders, Blood [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Blood Coagulation Disorders Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions. | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Amyloidosis A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited, degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition of AMYLOID. As the amyloid deposits enlarge they displace normal tissue structures, causing disruption of function. Various signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the deposits. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Poisoning Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure. | 0 | 4.57 | 10 | 0 |
| Low Bone Density [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Diseases, Metabolic Diseases that affect the METABOLIC PROCESSES of BONE TISSUE. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Toxicity [description not available] | 0 | 3.19 | 6 | 0 |
| Cardiotoxicity Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION. | 0 | 3.19 | 6 | 0 |
| Diseases, Metabolic [description not available] | 0 | 3.59 | 3 | 0 |
| Metabolic Diseases Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed) | 0 | 3.59 | 3 | 0 |
| Diabetic Retinopathy Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION. | 0 | 4.49 | 9 | 0 |
| Cancer of Kidney [description not available] | 0 | 3.91 | 13 | 0 |
| Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY. | 0 | 3.91 | 13 | 0 |
| Hematuria Presence of blood in the urine. | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Bleeding [description not available] | 0 | 3.83 | 12 | 0 |
| Hemorrhage Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel. | 0 | 3.83 | 12 | 0 |
| Bone Marrow Diseases Diseases involving the BONE MARROW. | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| External Ear Inflammation [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Otitis Externa Inflammation of the OUTER EAR including the external EAR CANAL, cartilages of the auricle (EAR CARTILAGE), and the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Keratitis Inflammation of the cornea. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Disease, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 3.05 | 5 | 0 |
| Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG. | 0 | 3.05 | 5 | 0 |
| Infections, Helicobacter [description not available] | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Helicobacter Infections Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Diabetic Feet [description not available] | 0 | 3.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetic Foot Common foot problems in persons with DIABETES MELLITUS, caused by any combination of factors such as DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; and INFECTION. With the loss of sensation and poor circulation, injuries and infections often lead to severe foot ulceration, GANGRENE and AMPUTATION. | 0 | 3.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Cystitis Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain. | 0 | 7.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Bacterial Disease [description not available] | 0 | 6.13 | 7 | 1 |
| Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified. | 0 | 6.13 | 7 | 1 |
| Amyloid Neuropathy Type 1 [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial Inherited disorders of the peripheral nervous system associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. The different clinical types based on symptoms correspond to the presence of a variety of mutations in several different proteins including transthyretin (PREALBUMIN); APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; and GELSOLIN. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available] | 0 | 3.1 | 5 | 0 |
| Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES. | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 8.1 | 5 | 0 |
| Depression, Endogenous [description not available] | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Depressive Disorder An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent. | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Berger Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis, IGA A chronic form of glomerulonephritis characterized by deposits of predominantly IMMUNOGLOBULIN A in the mesangial area (GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM). Deposits of COMPLEMENT C3 and IMMUNOGLOBULIN G are also often found. Clinical features may progress from asymptomatic HEMATURIA to END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocystic Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Salivary Gland [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma characterized by bands or cylinders of hyalinized or mucinous stroma separating or surrounded by nests or cords of small epithelial cells. When the cylinders occur within masses of epithelial cells, they give the tissue a perforated, sievelike, or cribriform appearance. Such tumors occur in the mammary glands, the mucous glands of the upper and lower respiratory tract, and the salivary glands. They are malignant but slow-growing, and tend to spread locally via the nerves. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Salivary Gland Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirrhoses, Experimental Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Allergy, Drug [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 4 | 0 |
| Drug Hypersensitivity Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally. | 0 | 2.89 | 4 | 0 |
| Acid beta-Glucosidase Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 4.15 | 17 | 0 |
| Gaucher Disease An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of neurological involvement. | 0 | 9.15 | 17 | 0 |
| Acinetobacter Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus ACINETOBACTER. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Bile Duct Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Bile Duct Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS. | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Elaeophoriasis [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Filariasis Infections with nematodes of the superfamily FILARIOIDEA. The presence of living worms in the body is mainly asymptomatic but the death of adult worms leads to granulomatous inflammation and permanent fibrosis. Organisms of the genus Elaeophora infect wild elk and domestic sheep causing ischemic necrosis of the brain, blindness, and dermatosis of the face. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Alactasia [description not available] | 0 | 4.05 | 3 | 1 |
| Lactose Intolerance The condition resulting from the absence or deficiency of LACTASE in the MUCOSA cells of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, and the inability to break down LACTOSE in milk for ABSORPTION. Bacterial fermentation of the unabsorbed lactose leads to symptoms that range from a mild indigestion (DYSPEPSIA) to severe DIARRHEA. Lactose intolerance may be an inborn error or acquired. | 0 | 4.05 | 3 | 1 |
| No-Reflow Phenomenon Markedly reduced or absent REPERFUSION in an infarct zone following the removal of an obstruction or constriction of an artery. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Constriction, Pathological [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Constriction, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Coronary Restenosis Recurrent narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery following surgical procedures performed to alleviate a prior obstruction. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| HIV Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2. | 0 | 8.85 | 4 | 0 |
| Sterility, Male [description not available] | 0 | 3.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Infertility, Male The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility. | 0 | 3.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Hypokalemia Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities (depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
| Emesis [description not available] | 0 | 4.44 | 5 | 1 |
| Vomiting The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH. | 0 | 4.44 | 5 | 1 |
| Caries, Dental [description not available] | 0 | 4.96 | 9 | 0 |
| Dental Caries Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp. | 0 | 9.96 | 9 | 0 |
| Cancer of Pharynx [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Pharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PHARYNX. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Alveolar [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar A carcinoma derived from epithelium of terminal bronchioles, in which the neoplastic tissue extends along the alveolar walls and grows in small masses within the alveoli. Involvement may be uniformly diffuse and massive, or nodular, or lobular. The neoplastic cells are cuboidal or columnar and form papillary structures. Mucin may be demonstrated in some of the cells and in the material in the alveoli, which also includes denuded cells. Metastases in regional lymph nodes, and in even more distant sites, are known to occur, but are infrequent. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Hemorrhoids Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms which include bleeding, itching, and pain. | 0 | 7.52 | 15 | 4 |
| Abdominal Migraine [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Audiogenic Epilepsy [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Migraine Disorders A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtypes are common migraine (without aura) and classic migraine (with aura or neurological symptoms). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1) | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Epilepsy, Reflex A subtype of epilepsy characterized by seizures that are consistently provoked by a certain specific stimulus. Auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimuli as well as the acts of writing, reading, eating, and decision making are examples of events or activities that may induce seizure activity in affected individuals. (From Neurol Clin 1994 Feb;12(1):57-8) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Endomyometritis Inflammation of both the ENDOMETRIUM and the MYOMETRIUM, usually caused by infections after a CESAREAN SECTION. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Endometritis Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of postpartum fever. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Coronary Heart Disease [description not available] | 0 | 7.2 | 23 | 1 |
| Coronary Disease An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels. | 0 | 7.2 | 23 | 1 |
| Dermatoses [description not available] | 0 | 8.21 | 6 | 0 |
| Skin Diseases Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS. | 0 | 3.21 | 6 | 0 |
| Hymenolepiasis Infection with tapeworms of the genus Hymenolepis. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Iron Overload An excessive accumulation of iron in the body due to a greater than normal absorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract or from parenteral injection. This may arise from idiopathic hemochromatosis, excessive iron intake, chronic alcoholism, certain types of refractory anemia, or transfusional hemosiderosis. (From Churchill's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 1989) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Anterior Cerebral Circulation Infarction [description not available] | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Brain Infarction Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis. | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Infections, Ureaplasma [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Aqueductal Stenosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebral Intraventricular Haemorrhage [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas [description not available] | 0 | 4.95 | 9 | 0 |
| Cystic Fibrosis An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION. | 0 | 4.95 | 9 | 0 |
| Acute Post-operative Pain [description not available] | 0 | 3.53 | 1 | 1 |
| Blood Loss, Surgical Loss of blood during a surgical procedure. | 0 | 3.53 | 1 | 1 |
| Pain, Postoperative Pain during the period after surgery. | 0 | 3.53 | 1 | 1 |
| Lysosomal Enzyme Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatitis, Animal INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in non-human animals. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| HbS Disease [description not available] | 0 | 4.45 | 5 | 0 |
| Anemia, Sickle Cell A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for hemoglobin S. | 0 | 4.45 | 5 | 0 |
| Granulocytic Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 6.81 | 15 | 1 |
| Dysmyelopoietic Syndromes [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites. | 0 | 6.81 | 15 | 1 |
| Myelodysplastic Syndromes Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by dysplasia in one or more hematopoietic cell lineages. They predominantly affect patients over 60, are considered preleukemic conditions, and have high probability of transformation into ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Transitional Cell A malignant neoplasm derived from TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIAL CELLS, occurring chiefly in the URINARY BLADDER; URETERS; or RENAL PELVIS. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Pediculosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Lice Infestations Parasitic attack or subsistence on the skin by members of the order Phthiraptera, especially on humans by Pediculus humanus of the family Pediculidae. The hair of the head, eyelashes, and pubis is a frequent site of infestation. (From Dorland, 28th ed; Stedman, 26th ed) | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Lymphocytic, T Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
| Leukemia, T-Cell A malignant disease of the T-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone marrow, thymus, and/or blood. | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
| Phlegmasia Alba Dolens Inflammation that is characterized by swollen, pale, and painful limb. It is usually caused by DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS in a FEMORAL VEIN, following PARTURITION or an illness. This condition is also called milk leg or white leg. | 0 | 6.12 | 12 | 1 |
| Foot Ulcer Lesion on the surface of the skin of the foot, usually accompanied by inflammation. The lesion may become infected or necrotic and is frequently associated with diabetes or leprosy. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Thrombophlebitis Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot (THROMBUS). | 0 | 6.12 | 12 | 1 |
| Venous Insufficiency Impaired venous blood flow or venous return (venous stasis), usually caused by inadequate venous valves. Venous insufficiency often occurs in the legs, and is associated with EDEMA and sometimes with VENOUS STASIS ULCERS at the ankle. | 0 | 5.41 | 8 | 2 |
| Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells. | 0 | 7.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Ptosis, Eyelid [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Blepharoptosis Drooping of the upper lid due to deficient development or paralysis of the levator palpebrae muscle. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibrosarcoma A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 4.14 | 6 | 0 |
| Antibiotic-Associated Colitis [description not available] | 0 | 6.73 | 7 | 2 |
| Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization. | 0 | 6.73 | 7 | 2 |
| Cardiac Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 6.23 | 58 | 0 |
| Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities. | 0 | 6.23 | 58 | 0 |
| Clostridioides difficile Infection [description not available] | 0 | 9.18 | 8 | 5 |
| Clostridium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM and closely related CLOSTRIDIOIDES species. | 0 | 9.18 | 8 | 5 |
| Graft-Versus-Host Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Graft vs Host Disease The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia P388 An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene. | 0 | 4.65 | 28 | 0 |
| Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 0 | 3.58 | 9 | 0 |
| Di Guglielmo Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Experimental Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 5.31 | 22 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the peripheral blood. | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Sarcoma, Epithelioid [description not available] | 0 | 3.99 | 5 | 0 |
| Connective Tissue Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Sarcoma A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant. | 0 | 3.99 | 5 | 0 |
| Sarcoma 180 An experimental sarcoma of mice. | 0 | 9.83 | 13 | 0 |
| Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS. | 0 | 2.47 | 2 | 0 |
| Hypermelanosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.8 | 2 | 1 |
| Hyperpigmentation Excessive pigmentation of the skin, usually as a result of increased epidermal or dermal melanin pigmentation, hypermelanosis. Hyperpigmentation can be localized or generalized. The condition may arise from exposure to light, chemicals or other substances, or from a primary metabolic imbalance. | 0 | 3.8 | 2 | 1 |
| Carcinoma, Lewis Lung A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy. | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Ear Diseases Pathological processes of the ear, the hearing, and the equilibrium system of the body. | 0 | 3.3 | 2 | 0 |
| Carditis [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Coxsackie Virus Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Myocarditis Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Germinoblastoma [description not available] | 0 | 7.12 | 15 | 1 |
| Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue. | 0 | 7.12 | 15 | 1 |
| T-Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, T-Cell A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Hydrophobia [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Aphthae [description not available] | 0 | 3.44 | 1 | 1 |
| Stomatitis, Aphthous A recurrent disease of the oral mucosa of unknown etiology. It is characterized by small white ulcerative lesions, single or multiple, round or oval. Two to eight crops of lesions occur per year, lasting for 7 to 14 days and then heal without scarring. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p742) | 0 | 3.44 | 1 | 1 |
| Chronic Insomnia [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric condition. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Cadmium Poisoning Poisoning occurring after exposure to cadmium compounds or fumes. It may cause gastrointestinal syndromes, anemia, or pneumonitis. | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Extravasation of Contrast Media [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Ambulation Disorders, Neurologic [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Atherosclerotic Parkinsonism [description not available] | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Parkinson Disease, Secondary Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms, infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait, and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42) | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Polyomavirus Infections Infections with POLYOMAVIRUS, which are often cultured from the urine of kidney transplant patients. Excretion of BK VIRUS is associated with ureteral strictures and CYSTITIS, and that of JC VIRUS with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL). | 0 | 2.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibroma, Shope [description not available] | 0 | 2.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Neutropenia A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Parasitemia The presence of parasites (especially malarial parasites) in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Cognition Disorders Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment. | 0 | 7.19 | 6 | 0 |
| Adamantiades-Behcet Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Behcet Syndrome Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as well. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Autolysis, Dental Pulp [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Abnormality, Heart [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 4 | 0 |
| Heart Defects, Congenital Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life. | 0 | 2.88 | 4 | 0 |
| Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Toxic asphyxiation due to the displacement of oxygen from oxyhemoglobin by carbon monoxide. | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Radiation Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Bronchial Hyperreactivity Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Envenomation, Snakebite [description not available] | 0 | 2.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Complications, Pregnancy [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Varices [description not available] | 0 | 8.44 | 27 | 6 |
| Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment. | 0 | 4.2 | 18 | 0 |
| Varicose Veins Enlarged and tortuous VEINS. | 0 | 8.44 | 27 | 6 |
| Neoplasms, Pleural [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Mesothelioma A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Paronychia An inflammatory reaction involving the folds of the skin surrounding the fingernail. It is characterized by acute or chronic purulent, tender, and painful swellings of the tissues around the nail, caused by an abscess of the nail fold. The pathogenic yeast causing paronychia is most frequently Candida albicans. Saprophytic fungi may also be involved. The causative bacteria are usually Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Streptococcus. (Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p271) | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Anterior Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Carotid Artery Narrowing [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Ischemic Attack, Transient Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6) | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Carotid Stenosis Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3) | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Atypical Mycobacterial Infection, Disseminated [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Bowen Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Penis [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Penile Neoplasms Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component tissues. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Rodent Diseases Diseases of rodents of the order RODENTIA. This term includes diseases of Sciuridae (squirrels), Geomyidae (gophers), Heteromyidae (pouched mice), Castoridae (beavers), Cricetidae (rats and mice), Muridae (Old World rats and mice), Erethizontidae (porcupines), and Caviidae (guinea pigs). | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Apraxia, Ideokinetic [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| HIV Coinfection [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| HIV Infections Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Bacterial Pneumonia [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Chlamydia pneumoniae Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Pneumonia, Bacterial Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Chondrosteoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Shingles [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Herpes Zoster An acute infectious, usually self-limited, disease believed to represent activation of latent varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN) in those who have been rendered partially immune after a previous attack of CHICKENPOX. It involves the SENSORY GANGLIA and their areas of innervation and is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area. (From Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperdactyly [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Craniofacial Abnormalities Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or other abnormalities of the cranium and facial bones. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Nanism [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypermobility, Joint [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Ectopic Ossification [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Dwarfism A genetic or pathological condition that is characterized by short stature and undersize. Abnormal skeletal growth usually results in an adult who is significantly below the average height. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Brain Diseases Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM. | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Chromosome-Defective Micronuclei [description not available] | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Anal Fistula [description not available] | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| B cepacia Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Borrelia Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus BORRELIA. | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| B. burgdorferi Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Lyme Disease An infectious disease caused by a spirochete, BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, which is transmitted chiefly by Ixodes dammini (see IXODES) and pacificus ticks in the United States and Ixodes ricinis (see IXODES) in Europe. It is a disease with early and late cutaneous manifestations plus involvement of the nervous system, heart, eye, and joints in variable combinations. The disease was formerly known as Lyme arthritis and first discovered at Old Lyme, Connecticut. | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Glaucoma An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed) | 0 | 7.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Intraocular Pressure The pressure of the fluids in the eye. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Elevated Cholesterol [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Hypothermia, Accidental [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Hypercholesterolemia A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population. | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Hypothermia Lower than normal body temperature, especially in warm-blooded animals. | 0 | 7.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute An acute myeloid leukemia in which abnormal PROMYELOCYTES predominate. It is frequently associated with DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Hypertension, Renal Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Colonic Diseases Pathological processes in the COLON region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE). | 0 | 3.3 | 2 | 0 |
| Anaplastic Astrocytoma [description not available] | 0 | 4.05 | 3 | 1 |
| Astrocytoma Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082) | 0 | 4.05 | 3 | 1 |
| Academic Disorder, Developmental [description not available] | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Learning Disabilities Conditions characterized by a significant discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect and their ability to acquire new language and other cognitive skills. These may result from organic or psychological conditions. Relatively common subtypes include DYSLEXIA, DYSCALCULIA, and DYSGRAPHIA. | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Long Sleeper Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Sleep Wake Disorders Abnormal sleep-wake schedule or pattern associated with the CIRCADIAN RHYTHM which affect the length, timing, and/or rigidity of the sleep-wake cycle relative to the day-night cycle. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Equine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Protozoan Infections, Animal Infections with unicellular organisms formerly members of the subkingdom Protozoa. The infections may be experimental or veterinary. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Fish Diseases Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates). | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Histomoniasis [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Compensatory Hyperinsulinemia A GLUCOSE-induced HYPERINSULINEMIA, a marker of insulin-resistant state. It is a mechanism to compensate for reduced sensitivity to insulin. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperinsulinism A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor (INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Endotoxemia A condition characterized by the presence of ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Ear Infection [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemorrhage, Uterine [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Uterine Hemorrhage Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes manifested as vaginal bleeding. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Anti-MuSK Myasthenia Gravis [description not available] | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Myasthenia Gravis A disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by fatigable weakness of cranial and skeletal muscles with elevated titers of ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS or muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibodies. Clinical manifestations may include ocular muscle weakness (fluctuating, asymmetric, external ophthalmoplegia; diplopia; ptosis; and weakness of eye closure) and extraocular fatigable weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles (ocular myasthenia). THYMOMA is commonly associated with this condition. | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Uveitis, Anterior Inflammation of the anterior uvea comprising the iris, angle structures, and the ciliary body. Manifestations of this disorder include ciliary injection, exudation into the anterior chamber, iris changes, and adhesions between the iris and lens (posterior synechiae). Intraocular pressure may be increased or reduced. | 0 | 3.76 | 2 | 1 |
| Infections, Trichomonas [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Trichomonas Infections Infections in birds and mammals produced by various species of Trichomonas. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Astroblastoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive A group of malignant tumors of the nervous system that feature primitive cells with elements of neuronal and/or glial differentiation. Use of this term is limited by some authors to central nervous system tumors and others include neoplasms of similar origin which arise extracranially (i.e., NEUROECTODERMAL TUMORS, PRIMITIVE, PERIPHERAL). This term is also occasionally used as a synonym for MEDULLOBLASTOMA. In general, these tumors arise in the first decade of life and tend to be highly malignant. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2059) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial Neoplasms composed of neuroepithelial cells, which have the capacity to differentiate into NEURONS, oligodendrocytes, and ASTROCYTES. The majority of craniospinal tumors are of neuroepithelial origin. (From Dev Biol 1998 Aug 1;200(1):1-5) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Sphingolipid Storage Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Campylobacter Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Cataract, Membranous [description not available] | 0 | 4.12 | 6 | 0 |
| Cataract Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 4.12 | 6 | 0 |
| Gastroduodenal Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Peptic Ulcer Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Diseases of Immune System [description not available] | 0 | 2.85 | 4 | 0 |
| Immune System Diseases Disorders caused by abnormal or absent immunologic mechanisms, whether humoral, cell-mediated, or both. | 0 | 2.85 | 4 | 0 |
| Arteriosclerosis, Coronary [description not available] | 0 | 2.84 | 4 | 0 |
| Coronary Artery Disease Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause. | 0 | 2.84 | 4 | 0 |
| Ascites Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Lipidoses Conditions characterized by abnormal lipid deposition due to disturbance in lipid metabolism, such as hereditary diseases involving lysosomal enzymes required for lipid breakdown. They are classified either by the enzyme defect or by the type of lipid involved. | 0 | 3.73 | 11 | 0 |
| Angor Pectoris [description not available] | 0 | 2.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Angina Pectoris The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION. | 0 | 7.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Arthropathies [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 7 | 0 |
| Joint Diseases Diseases involving the JOINTS. | 0 | 3.33 | 7 | 0 |
| Hypogalactia A condition of less than normal MILK secretion. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Hansen Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.04 | 5 | 0 |
| Leprosy A chronic granulomatous infection caused by MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. The granulomatous lesions are manifested in the skin, the mucous membranes, and the peripheral nerves. Two polar or principal types are lepromatous and tuberculoid. | 0 | 3.04 | 5 | 0 |
| Adult-Onset Dystonias [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.26 | 2 | 0 |
| Dystonic Disorders Acquired and inherited conditions that feature DYSTONIA as a primary manifestation of disease. These disorders are generally divided into generalized dystonias (e.g., dystonia musculorum deformans) and focal dystonias (e.g., writer's cramp). They are also classified by patterns of inheritance and by age of onset. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Encephalitis, Polio [description not available] | 0 | 2.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Bulbar Polio [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Poliomyelitis An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5) | 0 | 2.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Consumption [description not available] | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Tuberculosis, Pulmonary MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung. | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Abscess, Amebic [description not available] | 0 | 2.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Amebiasis Infection with any of various amebae. It is an asymptomatic carrier state in most individuals, but diseases ranging from chronic, mild diarrhea to fulminant dysentery may occur. | 0 | 2.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Adolescent Gynecomastia [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Gynecomastia Enlargement of the BREAST in the males, caused by an excess of ESTROGENS. Physiological gynecomastia is normally observed in NEWBORNS; ADOLESCENT; and AGING males. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Amebiasis, Intestinal [description not available] | 0 | 2.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Mushroom Poisoning Poisoning from ingestion of mushrooms, primarily from, but not restricted to, toxic varieties. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Goiter Enlargement of the THYROID GLAND that may increase from about 20 grams to hundreds of grams in human adults. Goiter is observed in individuals with normal thyroid function (euthyroidism), thyroid deficiency (HYPOTHYROIDISM), or hormone overproduction (HYPERTHYROIDISM). Goiter may be congenital or acquired, sporadic or endemic (GOITER, ENDEMIC). | 0 | 4.24 | 7 | 0 |
| Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment [description not available] | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Retinal Degeneration A retrogressive pathological change in the retina, focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p304) | 0 | 2.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Retinal Detachment Separation of the inner layers of the retina (neural retina) from the pigment epithelium. Retinal detachment occurs more commonly in men than in women, in eyes with degenerative myopia, in aging and in aphakia. It may occur after an uncomplicated cataract extraction, but it is seen more often if vitreous humor has been lost during surgery. (Dorland, 27th ed; Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p310-12). | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Erythroblastosis Fetalis [description not available] | 0 | 2.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Icterus [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Icterus Gravis Neonatorum [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Jaundice A clinical manifestation of HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA, characterized by the yellowish staining of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA. Clinical jaundice usually is a sign of LIVER dysfunction. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Jaundice, Neonatal Yellow discoloration of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA in the NEWBORN. It is a sign of NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Most cases are transient self-limiting (PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE) occurring in the first week of life, but some can be a sign of pathological disorders, particularly LIVER DISEASES. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Respiratory Tract Diseases Diseases involving the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Cornea Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Cicatrization The formation of fibrous tissue in the place of normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. It includes scar tissue formation occurring in healing internal organs as well as in the skin after surface injuries. | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Cicatrix The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Corneal Injuries Damage or trauma inflicted to the CORNEA by external means. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Leg Ulcer Ulceration of the skin and underlying structures of the lower extremity. About 90% of the cases are due to venous insufficiency (VARICOSE ULCER), 5% to arterial disease, and the remaining 5% to other causes. | 0 | 3.19 | 6 | 0 |
| Infant, Newborn, Diseases Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts. | 0 | 3.04 | 5 | 0 |
| Stasis Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 4.58 | 6 | 1 |
| Varicose Ulcer Skin breakdown or ulceration in the drainage area of a VARICOSE VEIN, usually in the leg. | 0 | 4.58 | 6 | 1 |
| Behavior Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Endemic Goiter [description not available] | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Cor Pulmonale [description not available] | 0 | 4.47 | 3 | 0 |
| Hypertension, Essential [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Essential Hypertension Hypertension that occurs without known cause, or preexisting renal disease. Associated polymorphisms for a number of genes have been identified, including AGT, GNB3, and ECE1. OMIM: 145500 | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Bradyarrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 3.04 | 5 | 0 |
| Bradycardia Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK. | 0 | 8.04 | 5 | 0 |
| Aldosteronism [description not available] | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Hyperaldosteronism A condition caused by the overproduction of ALDOSTERONE. It is characterized by sodium retention and potassium excretion with resultant HYPERTENSION and HYPOKALEMIA. | 0 | 7.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Favism Hemolytic anemia due to the ingestion of fava beans or after inhalation of pollen from the Vicia fava plant by persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient erythrocytes. | 0 | 4.37 | 8 | 0 |
| Cervix Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Cervix Erosion [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Proteus [description not available] | 0 | 2.87 | 4 | 0 |
| Gastroenteritis INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER. | 0 | 4.03 | 3 | 0 |
| Frostbite Damage to tissues as the result of low environmental temperatures. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Breathlessness [description not available] | 0 | 2.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Dyspnea Difficult or labored breathing. | 0 | 2.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Polyuria Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS). | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Deaf Mutism [description not available] | 0 | 3.55 | 3 | 0 |
| Auditory Vertigo [description not available] | 0 | 2.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Deafness A general term for the complete loss of the ability to hear from both ears. | 0 | 3.55 | 3 | 0 |
| Meniere Disease A disease of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) that is characterized by fluctuating SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; TINNITUS; episodic VERTIGO; and aural fullness. It is the most common form of endolymphatic hydrops. | 0 | 2.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Anorectal Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 4.02 | 3 | 1 |
| Rectal Diseases Pathological developments in the RECTUM region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE). | 0 | 4.02 | 3 | 1 |
| Erysipelas An acute infection of the skin caused by species of STREPTOCOCCUS. This disease most frequently affects infants, young children, and the elderly. Characteristics include pink-to-red lesions that spread rapidly and are warm to the touch. The commonest site of involvement is the face. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Gangrene Death and putrefaction of tissue usually due to a loss of blood supply. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Paralysis, Legs [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Arteriosclerosis Obliterans Common occlusive arterial disease which is caused by ATHEROSCLEROSIS. It is characterized by lesions in the innermost layer (ARTERIAL INTIMA) of arteries including the AORTA and its branches to the extremities. Risk factors include smoking, HYPERLIPIDEMIA, and HYPERTENSION. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Paraplegia Severe or complete loss of motor function in the lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. This condition is most often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, although BRAIN DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause bilateral leg weakness. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| EHS Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 3.73 | 11 | 0 |
| Cardiac Death [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Dementia Praecox [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Schizophrenia A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Crisis, Thyrotoxic [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Autolysis The spontaneous disintegration of tissues or cells by the action of their own autogenous enzymes. | 0 | 2.86 | 4 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid Marked developmental anomalies of a fetus or infant. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Absence of Brain, Congenital [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Measles, German [description not available] | 0 | 2.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Keratoconjunctivitis Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Riboflavin [description not available] | 0 | 3.26 | 2 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Vitamin B [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Vitamin B Deficiency A condition due to deficiency in any member of the VITAMIN B COMPLEX. These B vitamins are water-soluble and must be obtained from the diet because they are easily lost in the urine. Unlike the lipid-soluble vitamins, they cannot be stored in the body fat. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Airway Hyper-Responsiveness [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Dysentery Acute inflammation of the intestine associated with infectious DIARRHEA of various etiologies, generally acquired by eating contaminated food containing TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL derived from BACTERIA or other microorganisms. Dysentery is characterized initially by watery FECES then by bloody mucoid stools. It is often associated with ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and DEHYDRATION. | 0 | 4.02 | 3 | 1 |
| Periphlebitis Periphlebitis is inflammation of the outer coat of a vein or of tissues surrounding the vein. | 0 | 5.86 | 9 | 3 |
| Phlebitis Inflammation of a vein, often a vein in the leg. Phlebitis associated with a blood clot is called (THROMBOPHLEBITIS). | 0 | 5.86 | 9 | 3 |
| Injuries, Radiation [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Trichomoniasis, Human [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Trichomonas Vaginitis Inflammation of the vagina, marked by a purulent discharge. This disease is caused by the protozoan TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Tachyarrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 3.77 | 4 | 0 |
| Tachycardia Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia. | 0 | 3.77 | 4 | 0 |
| Auricular Flutter [description not available] | 0 | 7.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Atrial Flutter Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a block of electrical impulse conduction in the right atrium and a reentrant wave front traveling up the inter-atrial septum and down the right atrial free wall or vice versa. Unlike ATRIAL FIBRILLATION which is caused by abnormal impulse generation, typical atrial flutter is caused by abnormal impulse conduction. As in atrial fibrillation, patients with atrial flutter cannot effectively pump blood into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). | 0 | 2.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Infections, Nematomorpha [description not available] | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Fasciolopsiasis [description not available] | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Helminthiasis Infestation with parasitic worms of the helminth class. | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Addison's Anemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Anemia A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN. | 0 | 2.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Emergencies Situations or conditions requiring immediate intervention to avoid serious adverse results. | 0 | 4.02 | 3 | 0 |
| Coronary Thrombosis Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS. The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Ectromelia, Infectious A viral infection of mice, causing edema and necrosis followed by limb loss. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Low Back Ache [description not available] | 0 | 5.7 | 4 | 1 |
| Low Back Pain Acute or chronic pain in the lumbar or sacral regions, which may be associated with musculo-ligamentous SPRAINS AND STRAINS; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; and other conditions. | 0 | 5.7 | 4 | 1 |
| Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 3.57 | 9 | 0 |
| Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. | 0 | 3.57 | 9 | 0 |
| Aneuploid [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Urinary Tract [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Alcoholic Intoxication An acute brain syndrome which results from the excessive ingestion of ETHANOL or ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES. | 0 | 4.32 | 1 | 1 |
| Drug Withdrawal Symptoms [description not available] | 0 | 4.73 | 2 | 1 |
| Alcohol Drinking Behaviors associated with the ingesting of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, including social drinking. | 0 | 4.68 | 2 | 1 |
| Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug. | 0 | 4.73 | 2 | 1 |
| Abnormality, Torsion [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Anorexia The lack or loss of APPETITE accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder ANOREXIA NERVOSA. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Fasciola Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Fascioliasis Liver disease caused by infections with parasitic flukes of the genus FASCIOLA, such as FASCIOLA HEPATICA. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Amnesia-Memory Loss [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Amnesia Pathologic partial or complete loss of the ability to recall past experiences (AMNESIA, RETROGRADE) or to form new memories (AMNESIA, ANTEROGRADE). This condition may be of organic or psychologic origin. Organic forms of amnesia are usually associated with dysfunction of the DIENCEPHALON or HIPPOCAMPUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp426-7) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| DDD MPGNII [description not available] | 0 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative Chronic glomerulonephritis characterized histologically by proliferation of MESANGIAL CELLS, increase in the MESANGIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a thickening of the glomerular capillary walls. This may appear as a primary disorder or secondary to other diseases including infections and autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Various subtypes are classified by their abnormal ultrastructures and immune deposits. Hypocomplementemia is a characteristic feature of all types of MPGN. | 0 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 |
| Ambiguous Genitalia [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Disorders of Sex Development In gonochoristic organisms, congenital conditions in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical. Effects from exposure to abnormal levels of GONADAL HORMONES in the maternal environment, or disruption of the function of those hormones by ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS are included. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cytomegalovirus Infections Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cytomegalovirus A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS. | 0 | 7.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Abscess, Amebic, Hepatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Carotid Artery Thrombosis Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Rotavirus Infections Infection with any of the rotaviruses. Specific infections include human infantile diarrhea, neonatal calf diarrhea, and epidemic diarrhea of infant mice. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastric Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Ciguatera [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Ciguatera Poisoning Poisoning caused by ingestion of SEAFOOD containing microgram levels of CIGUATOXINS. The poisoning is characterized by gastrointestinal, neurological and cardiovascular disturbances. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Alpha Virus Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiovirus Infections Infections caused by viruses of the genus CARDIOVIRUS, family PICORNAVIRIDAE. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Pneumovirus [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Far East Scarlet-like Fever [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Disease [description not available] | 0 | 4.27 | 4 | 1 |
| Autoimmune Diseases Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides. | 0 | 4.27 | 4 | 1 |
| Deep Vein Thrombosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Venous Thrombosis The formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) within a vein. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Kaposi Sarcoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Sarcoma, Kaposi A multicentric, malignant neoplastic vascular proliferation characterized by the development of bluish-red cutaneous nodules, usually on the lower extremities, most often on the toes or feet, and slowly increasing in size and number and spreading to more proximal areas. The tumors have endothelium-lined channels and vascular spaces admixed with variably sized aggregates of spindle-shaped cells, and often remain confined to the skin and subcutaneous tissue, but widespread visceral involvement may occur. Kaposi's sarcoma occurs spontaneously in Jewish and Italian males in Europe and the United States. An aggressive variant in young children is endemic in some areas of Africa. A third form occurs in about 0.04% of kidney transplant patients. There is also a high incidence in AIDS patients. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, pp2105-7) HHV-8 is the suspected cause. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Biliary Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Great Pox [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS, EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cholangitis involves the destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and decreased bile secretion. Secondary biliary cholangitis is produced by prolonged obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from a variety of causes. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Syphilis A contagious venereal disease caused by the spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Acidosis, Renal Tubular, Type I [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Circulatory Collapse [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Acidosis, Renal Tubular A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS. Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Shock A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning Poisoning that results from ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of CARBON TETRACHLORIDE. | 0 | 4.51 | 9 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma Of Kidney [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Renal Cell A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Testicular Diseases Pathological processes of the TESTIS. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Brittle Bone Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta COLLAGEN DISEASES characterized by brittle, osteoporotic, and easily fractured bones. It may also present with blue sclerae, loose joints, and imperfect dentin formation. Most types are autosomal dominant and are associated with mutations in COLLAGEN TYPE I. | 0 | 7.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Leanness [description not available] | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Coma A profound state of unconsciousness associated with depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be aroused. Coma generally occurs when there is dysfunction or injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION. | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatoblastoma A malignant neoplasm occurring in young children, primarily in the liver, composed of tissue resembling embryonal or fetal hepatic epithelium, or mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Basal Cell, Pigmented [description not available] | 0 | 4.62 | 3 | 2 |
| Carcinoma, Basal Cell A malignant skin neoplasm that seldom metastasizes but has potentialities for local invasion and destruction. Clinically it is divided into types: nodular, cicatricial, morphaic, and erythematoid (pagetoid). They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck area and the remaining 15% on the trunk and limbs. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1471) | 0 | 4.62 | 3 | 2 |
| 47,XX,+21 [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Down Syndrome A chromosome disorder associated either with an extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21. Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature, brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p213) | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Larynx [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Laryngeal Neoplasms Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Oat Cell [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Small Cell An anaplastic, highly malignant, and usually bronchogenic carcinoma composed of small ovoid cells with scanty neoplasm. It is characterized by a dominant, deeply basophilic nucleus, and absent or indistinct nucleoli. (From Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1286-7) | 0 | 3.33 | 2 | 0 |
| BCKD Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Maple Syrup Urine Disease An autosomal recessive inherited disorder with multiple forms of phenotypic expression, caused by a defect in the oxidative decarboxylation of branched-chain amino acids (AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-CHAIN). These metabolites accumulate in body fluids and render a maple syrup odor. The disease is divided into classic, intermediate, intermittent, and thiamine responsive subtypes. The classic form presents in the first week of life with ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, emesis, neonatal seizures, and hypertonia. The intermediate and intermittent forms present in childhood or later with acute episodes of ataxia and vomiting. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p936) | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Asystole [description not available] | 0 | 3.26 | 2 | 0 |
| Heart Arrest Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation. | 0 | 3.26 | 2 | 0 |
| Leukocytopenia [description not available] | 0 | 6.67 | 8 | 3 |
| Leukopenia A decrease in the number of LEUKOCYTES in a blood sample below the normal range (LEUKOCYTE COUNT less than 4000). | 0 | 6.67 | 8 | 3 |
| Cancer of Intestines [description not available] | 0 | 4.36 | 8 | 0 |
| Intestinal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES. | 0 | 4.36 | 8 | 0 |
| Diseases, Occupational [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Genito-urinary Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Urogenital Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Hirsutism A condition observed in WOMEN and CHILDREN when there is excess coarse body hair of an adult male distribution pattern, such as facial and chest areas. It is the result of elevated ANDROGENS from the OVARIES, the ADRENAL GLANDS, or exogenous sources. The concept does not include HYPERTRICHOSIS, which is an androgen-independent excessive hair growth. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Ovarian Diseases Pathological processes of the OVARY. | 0 | 2.86 | 4 | 0 |
| Adrenal Gland Diseases Pathological processes of the ADRENAL GLANDS. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 4.03 | 3 | 0 |
| Granuloma, Hodgkin [description not available] | 0 | 7.9 | 11 | 5 |
| Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 5.28 | 7 | 2 |
| Erythremia [description not available] | 0 | 3.27 | 2 | 0 |
| Hematologic Diseases Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues. | 0 | 4.03 | 3 | 0 |
| Hodgkin Disease A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen. | 0 | 7.9 | 11 | 5 |
| Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease. | 0 | 5.28 | 7 | 2 |
| Polycythemia Vera A myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by abnormal proliferation of all hematopoietic bone marrow elements and an absolute increase in red cell mass and total blood volume, associated frequently with splenomegaly, leukocytosis, and thrombocythemia. Hematopoiesis is also reactive in extramedullary sites (liver and spleen). In time myelofibrosis occurs. | 0 | 3.27 | 2 | 0 |
| Alcohol Abuse [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Alcoholism A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4) | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Chromosome Deletion Actual loss of portion of a chromosome. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Anemia, Hypochromic Anemia characterized by a decrease in the ratio of the weight of hemoglobin to the volume of the erythrocyte, i.e., the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is less than normal. The individual cells contain less hemoglobin than they could have under optimal conditions. Hypochromic anemia may be caused by iron deficiency from a low iron intake, diminished iron absorption, or excessive iron loss. It can also be caused by infections or other diseases, therapeutic drugs, lead poisoning, and other conditions. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Miale, Laboratory Medicine: Hematology, 6th ed, p393) | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Bronze Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemochromatosis A disorder of iron metabolism characterized by a triad of HEMOSIDEROSIS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; and DIABETES MELLITUS. It is caused by massive iron deposits in parenchymal cells that may develop after a prolonged increase of iron absorption. (Jablonski's Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed) | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Bacteriuria The presence of bacteria in the urine which is normally bacteria-free. These bacteria are from the URINARY TRACT and are not contaminants of the surrounding tissues. Bacteriuria can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Significant bacteriuria is an indicator of urinary tract infection. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Pachymeningitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Meningitis Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6) | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Pregnancy in Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 5.12 | 18 | 0 |
| Leukemia L 1210 [description not available] | 0 | 6.15 | 32 | 0 |
| Plasma Cell Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 3.45 | 8 | 0 |
| Plasmacytoma Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various extramedullary sites. | 0 | 3.45 | 8 | 0 |
| Dysembryoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Teratoma A true neoplasm composed of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature (malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642) | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Krebs 2 A transplantable neoplasm of mice. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Cancer of Pituitary [description not available] | 0 | 3.79 | 4 | 0 |
| Pituitary Neoplasms Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA. | 0 | 3.79 | 4 | 0 |
| Island Cell Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Islet Cell A benign tumor of the pancreatic ISLET CELLS. Usually it involves the INSULIN-producing PANCREATIC BETA CELLS, as in INSULINOMA, resulting in HYPERINSULINISM. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Uterus [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Choriocarcinoma A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors. Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses: placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin (CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL). | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Uterine Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Cell Transformation, Viral An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus. | 0 | 2.87 | 4 | 0 |
| Interstitial Cell Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Salmonella Infections, Animal Infections in animals with bacteria of the genus SALMONELLA. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Diseases Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord. | 0 | 2.88 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsy [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Epilepsies, Myoclonic A clinically diverse group of epilepsy syndromes characterized either by myoclonic seizures or by myoclonus in association with other seizure types. Myoclonic epilepsy syndromes are divided into three subtypes based on etiology: familial, cryptogenic, and symptomatic. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Acantholysis Bullosa [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Epidermolysis Bullosa Group of genetically determined disorders characterized by the blistering of skin and mucosae. There are four major forms: acquired, simple, junctional, and dystrophic. Each of the latter three has several varieties. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Rectum [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Rectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Achromatopsia Severely deficient color perception, typically with monochromacy and reduced visual acuity. The atypical form can include normal visual acuity with pseudomonochromacy. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Color Vision Defects Defects of color vision are mainly hereditary traits but can be secondary to acquired or developmental abnormalities in the CONES (RETINA). Severity of hereditary defects of color vision depends on the degree of mutation of the ROD OPSINS genes (on X CHROMOSOME and CHROMOSOME 3) that code the photopigments for red, green and blue. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Chondrosarcoma A slowly growing malignant neoplasm derived from cartilage cells, occurring most frequently in pelvic bones or near the ends of long bones, in middle-aged and old people. Most chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion or in patients with ENCHONDROMATOSIS. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 3.06 | 5 | 0 |
| Day Blindness [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Classic Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses. | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Mast-Cell Sarcoma A unifocal malignant tumor that consists of atypical pathological MAST CELLS without systemic involvement. It causes local destructive growth in organs other than in skin or bone marrow. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism [description not available] | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Metabolism, Inborn Errors Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero. | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Collagen Diseases Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that collagen was equivalent to connective tissue, but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term collagen diseases now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494) | 0 | 3.79 | 4 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Lymphocytic [description not available] | 0 | 6.51 | 11 | 1 |
| Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts. | 0 | 6.51 | 11 | 1 |
| Group A Strep Infection [description not available] | 0 | 3.79 | 4 | 0 |
| Streptococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS. | 0 | 3.79 | 4 | 0 |
| Birth Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 4.72 | 7 | 1 |
| Infantile Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn A condition of the newborn marked by DYSPNEA with CYANOSIS, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing cause. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure [description not available] | 0 | 4.19 | 2 | 0 |
| Respiratory Insufficiency Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 4.19 | 2 | 0 |
| Friedreich Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Friedreich Ataxia An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood onset, characterized pathologically by degeneration of the spinocerebellar tracts, posterior columns, and to a lesser extent the corticospinal tracts. Clinical manifestations include GAIT ATAXIA, pes cavus, speech impairment, lateral curvature of spine, rhythmic head tremor, kyphoscoliosis, congestive heart failure (secondary to a cardiomyopathy), and lower extremity weakness. Most forms of this condition are associated with a mutation in a gene on chromosome 9, at band q13, which codes for the mitochondrial protein frataxin. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1081; N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75) The severity of Friedreich ataxia associated with expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin gene correlates with the number of trinucleotide repeats. (From Durr et al, N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75) | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Congenital [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Coma, Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic [description not available] | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Prediabetes [description not available] | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Prediabetic State The time period before the development of symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Dermatomycoses Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Error [description not available] | 0 | 5.26 | 21 | 0 |
| Cat Diseases Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Symptom Cluster [description not available] | 0 | 2.87 | 4 | 0 |
| Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex. | 0 | 7.87 | 4 | 0 |
| Sarcoma 37 An experimental sarcoma of mice. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Swine Diseases Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus. | 0 | 4.25 | 4 | 1 |
| Erythrocytosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Adult Fanconi Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Adult Rickets [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders Disorders in the processing of phosphorus in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteomalacia Disorder caused by an interruption of the mineralization of organic bone matrix leading to bone softening, bone pain, and weakness. It is the adult form of rickets resulting from disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or CALCIUM homeostasis. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Canine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 4 | 0 |
| Humeral Fractures Fractures of the HUMERUS. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Protein [description not available] | 0 | 3.05 | 5 | 0 |
| Left Ventricular Hypertrophy [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Burns Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like. | 0 | 4.59 | 6 | 1 |
| Cardiac Output, Low A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, including congenital, valvular, rheumatic, hypertensive, coronary, and cardiomyopathic. The serious form of low cardiac output is characterized by marked reduction in STROKE VOLUME, and systemic vasoconstriction resulting in cold, pale, and sometimes cyanotic extremities. | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Anemia, Fanconi [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Kaposi Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Fanconi Anemia Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Xeroderma Pigmentosum A rare, pigmentary, and atrophic autosomal recessive disease. It is manifested as an extreme photosensitivity to ULTRAVIOLET RAYS as the result of a deficiency in the enzyme that permits excisional repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Goldblatt Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertension, Renovascular Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or compression. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Bile Duct Obstruction [description not available] | 0 | 3.07 | 5 | 0 |
| Cholestasis Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS). | 0 | 3.07 | 5 | 0 |
| Cushing's Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cushing Syndrome A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Vitamin D [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Vitamin D Deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN D in the diet, insufficient production of vitamin D in the skin, inadequate absorption of vitamin D from the diet, or abnormal conversion of vitamin D to its bioactive metabolites. It is manifested clinically as RICKETS in children and OSTEOMALACIA in adults. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1406) | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Leukemic Infiltration A pathologic change in leukemia in which leukemic cells permeate various organs at any stage of the disease. All types of leukemia show various degrees of infiltration, depending upon the type of leukemia. The degree of infiltration may vary from site to site. The liver and spleen are common sites of infiltration, the greatest appearing in myelocytic leukemia, but infiltration is seen also in the granulocytic and lymphocytic types. The kidney is also a common site and of the gastrointestinal system, the stomach and ileum are commonly involved. In lymphocytic leukemia the skin is often infiltrated. The central nervous system too is a common site. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, T Cell [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell A lymphoid leukemia characterized by a profound LYMPHOCYTOSIS with or without LYMPHADENOPATHY, hepatosplenomegaly, frequently rapid progression, and short survival. It was formerly called T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Juvenile Chronic [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer, Second Primary [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Juvenile Arthritis in children, with onset before 16 years of age. The terms juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refer to classification systems for chronic arthritis in children. Only one subtype of juvenile arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive) clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered its childhood equivalent. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Centriacinar Emphysema [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Alpha-Fucosidase Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Fucosidosis An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE activity resulting in an accumulation of fucose containing SPHINGOLIPIDS; GLYCOPROTEINS, and mucopolysaccharides (GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS) in lysosomes. The infantile form (type I) features psychomotor deterioration, MUSCLE SPASTICITY, coarse facial features, growth retardation, skeletal abnormalities, visceromegaly, SEIZURES, recurrent infections, and MACROGLOSSIA, with death occurring in the first decade of life. Juvenile fucosidosis (type II) is the more common variant and features a slowly progressive decline in neurologic function and angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Type II survival may be through the fourth decade of life. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p87; Am J Med Genet 1991 Jan;38(1):111-31) | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Bilharziasis [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Schistosomiasis Infection with flukes (trematodes) of the genus SCHISTOSOMA. Three species produce the most frequent clinical diseases: SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM (endemic in Africa and the Middle East), SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (in Egypt, northern and southern Africa, some West Indies islands, northern 2/3 of South America), and SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM (in Japan, China, the Philippines, Celebes, Thailand, Laos). S. mansoni is often seen in Puerto Ricans living in the United States. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Drug Overdose Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Psoriasis Arthropathica [description not available] | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Arthritis, Psoriatic A type of inflammatory arthritis associated with PSORIASIS, often involving the axial joints and the peripheral terminal interphalangeal joints. It is characterized by the presence of HLA-B27-associated SPONDYLARTHROPATHY, and the absence of rheumatoid factor. | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Bacteremia The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertrophy General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA). | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Vitamin A [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Xerophthalmia Dryness of the eye surfaces caused by deficiency of tears or conjunctival secretions. It may be associated with vitamin A deficiency, trauma, or any condition in which the eyelids do not close completely. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Vitamin A Deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN A in the diet, characterized by NIGHT BLINDNESS and other ocular manifestations such as dryness of the conjunctiva and later of the cornea (XEROPHTHALMIA). Vitamin A deficiency is a very common problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries as a consequence of famine or shortages of vitamin A-rich foods. In the United States it is found among the urban poor, the elderly, alcoholics, and patients with malabsorption. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1179) | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Impotence [description not available] | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Erectile Dysfunction The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction. | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Bronchospasm [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Bronchial Spasm Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Intestinal Obstruction Any impairment, arrest, or reversal of the normal flow of INTESTINAL CONTENTS toward the ANAL CANAL. | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Dermatitis Medicamentosa [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Active Hyperemia [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperemia The presence of an increased amount of blood in a body part or an organ leading to congestion or engorgement of blood vessels. Hyperemia can be due to increase of blood flow into the area (active or arterial), or due to obstruction of outflow of blood from the area (passive or venous). | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Chromosomal Breakage [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cyanosis A bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to an increase in the amount of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood or a structural defect in the hemoglobin molecule. | 0 | 3.57 | 3 | 0 |
| Adult Premature Aging Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Papilloma, Squamous Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Papilloma A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Coxarthrosis [description not available] | 0 | 4.35 | 2 | 2 |
| Osteoarthritis, Hip Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the hip joint which usually appears in late middle or old age. It is characterized by growth or maturational disturbances in the femoral neck and head, as well as acetabular dysplasia. A dominant symptom is pain on weight-bearing or motion. | 0 | 4.35 | 2 | 2 |
| Fetal Death Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH. | 0 | 3.05 | 5 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced Congenital changes in the morphology of organs produced by exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Musculoskeletal [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Elliptocytosis, Hereditary An intrinsic defect of erythrocytes inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. The erythrocytes assume an oval or elliptical shape. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer, Radiation-Induced [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Autoimmune Neuropathy [description not available] | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Guillain-Barre Syndrome An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes. Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1312-1314) | 0 | 3.39 | 1 | 1 |
| Dwarfism, Growth Hormone Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Dwarfism, Pituitary A form of dwarfism caused by complete or partial GROWTH HORMONE deficiency, resulting from either the lack of GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR from the HYPOTHALAMUS or from the mutations in the growth hormone gene (GH1) in the PITUITARY GLAND. It is also known as Type I pituitary dwarfism. Human hypophysial dwarf is caused by a deficiency of HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE during development. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Basophilic Leukemia, Acute [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the primary differentiation is to BASOPHILS. It is characterized by an extreme increase of immature basophilic granulated cells in the bone marrow and blood. Mature basophils are usually sparse. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Sneezing The sudden, forceful, involuntary expulsion of air from the NOSE and MOUTH caused by irritation to the MUCOUS MEMBRANES of the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Infectious Endophthalmitis Infectious condition of the internal eye. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Endophthalmitis Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an infection. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Nearsightedness [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Myopia A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Dyskinesia, Medication-Induced [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| alpha-Galactosidase A Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 4 | 0 |
| Fabry Disease An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders. | 0 | 2.88 | 4 | 0 |
| Mycosis Fungoides A chronic, malignant T-cell lymphoma of the skin. In the late stages, the LYMPH NODES and viscera are affected. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Celiac Sprue [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Celiac Disease A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Cystadenocarcinoma A malignant neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed. The neoplastic cells manifest varying degrees of anaplasia and invasiveness, and local extension and metastases occur. Cystadenocarcinomas develop frequently in the ovaries, where pseudomucinous and serous types are recognized. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Cherry Red Spot Myoclonus Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Choreoathetosis Self-Mutilation Hyperuricemia Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders, progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently. Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127) | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperchylomicronemia Late Onset [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Mucositis, Oral [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Gingivitis Inflammation of gum tissue (GINGIVA) without loss of connective tissue. | 0 | 7.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Stomatitis INFLAMMATION of the soft tissues of the MOUTH, such as MUCOSA; PALATE; GINGIVA; and LIP. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Stomatitis, Denture Inflammation of the mouth due to denture irritation. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Dental Plaque A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from salivary glands, and microorganisms. | 0 | 4.03 | 3 | 0 |
| Spinal Diseases Diseases involving the SPINE. | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Duncan Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoproliferative Disorders Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid tissue, general or unspecified. | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Myeloproliferative Disorders Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE. | 0 | 2.87 | 1 | 0 |
| Osseous Paget's Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.87 | 4 | 0 |
| Osteitis Deformans A disease marked by repeated episodes of increased bone resorption followed by excessive attempts at repair, resulting in weakened, deformed bones of increased mass. The resultant architecture of the bone assumes a mosaic pattern in which the fibers take on a haphazard pattern instead of the normal parallel symmetry. | 0 | 2.87 | 4 | 0 |
| Kwashiorkor A syndrome produced by severe protein deficiency, characterized by retarded growth, changes in skin and hair pigment, edema, and pathologic changes in the liver, including fatty infiltration, necrosis, and fibrosis. The word is a local name in Gold Coast, Africa, meaning displaced child. Although first reported from Africa, kwashiorkor is now known throughout the world, but mainly in the tropics and subtropics. It is considered to be related to marasmus. (From Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Marasmus [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Protein-Energy Malnutrition The lack of sufficient energy or protein to meet the body's metabolic demands, as a result of either an inadequate dietary intake of protein, intake of poor quality dietary protein, increased demands due to disease, or increased nutrient losses. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Chemical Dependence [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Substance-Related Disorders Disorders related to substance use or abuse. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Diseases Diseases of BONES. | 0 | 4.12 | 6 | 0 |
| Lathyrism A paralytic condition of the legs caused by ingestion of lathyrogens, especially BETA-AMINOPROPIONITRILE or beta-N-oxalyl amino-L-alanine, which are found in the seeds of plants of the genus LATHYRUS. | 0 | 4.59 | 6 | 0 |
| Alport Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Fong Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Nephritis, Hereditary A group of inherited conditions characterized initially by HEMATURIA and slowly progressing to RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. The most common form is the Alport syndrome (hereditary nephritis with HEARING LOSS) which is caused by mutations in genes for TYPE IV COLLAGEN and defective GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Endarteritis Inflammation of the inner endothelial lining (TUNICA INTIMA) of an artery. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Dysesthesia [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Acropachy, Hereditary [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Puerperal Disorders Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Pregnancy Complications [description not available] | 0 | 4.25 | 4 | 1 |
| Cretinism [description not available] | 0 | 3.27 | 2 | 0 |
| Classic Galactosemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| BH4 Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Thalassemias [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Congenital Hypothyroidism A condition in infancy or early childhood due to an in-utero deficiency of THYROID HORMONES that can be caused by genetic or environmental factors, such as thyroid dysgenesis or HYPOTHYROIDISM in infants of mothers treated with THIOURACIL during pregnancy. Endemic cretinism is the result of iodine deficiency. Clinical symptoms include severe MENTAL RETARDATION, impaired skeletal development, short stature, and MYXEDEMA. | 0 | 3.27 | 2 | 0 |
| Galactosemias A group of inherited enzyme deficiencies which feature elevations of GALACTOSE in the blood. This condition may be associated with deficiencies of GALACTOKINASE; UDPGLUCOSE-HEXOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; or UDPGLUCOSE 4-EPIMERASE. The classic form is caused by UDPglucose-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase deficiency, and presents in infancy with FAILURE TO THRIVE; VOMITING; and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. Affected individuals also may develop MENTAL RETARDATION; JAUNDICE; hepatosplenomegaly; ovarian failure (PRIMARY OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY); and cataracts. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp61-3) | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Phenylketonurias A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE or less frequently by reduced activity of DIHYDROPTERIDINE REDUCTASE (i.e., atypical phenylketonuria). Classical phenylketonuria is caused by a severe deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase and presents in infancy with developmental delay; SEIZURES; skin HYPOPIGMENTATION; ECZEMA; and demyelination in the central nervous system. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p952). | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Thalassemia A group of hereditary hemolytic anemias in which there is decreased synthesis of one or more hemoglobin polypeptide chains. There are several genetic types with clinical pictures ranging from barely detectable hematologic abnormality to severe and fatal anemia. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Drop Attack [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Intestinal Perforation Opening or penetration through the wall of the INTESTINES. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Syncope A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9) | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Biliary Fistula Abnormal passage in any organ of the biliary tract or between biliary organs and other organs. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Psychoses, Drug [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Nutritional Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.27 | 2 | 0 |
| Nutrition Disorders Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either overnutrition or undernutrition. | 0 | 3.27 | 2 | 0 |
| Anemia, Hemolytic, Acquired [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Anemia, Hemolytic A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES). | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Bladder Calculi [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperparathyroidism A condition of abnormally elevated output of PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH) triggering responses that increase blood CALCIUM. It is characterized by HYPERCALCEMIA and BONE RESORPTION, eventually leading to bone diseases. PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is caused by parathyroid HYPERPLASIA or PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is increased PTH secretion in response to HYPOCALCEMIA, usually caused by chronic KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 7.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Polyploid [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Anal Fissure [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Anus Diseases Diseases involving the ANUS. | 0 | 3.74 | 2 | 1 |
| Fissure in Ano A painful linear tear at the margin of the anus. It appears as a crack or slit in the mucous membrane of the anus and is very painful and difficult to heal. | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Encephalopathy, Hepatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Hepatic Encephalopathy A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5) | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Chloasma [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Melanosis Disorders of increased melanin pigmentation that develop without preceding inflammatory disease. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Milk-Alkali Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypercalcemia Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Hematoma A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue. | 0 | 4.58 | 3 | 2 |
| A-V Dissociation [description not available] | 0 | 3.27 | 2 | 0 |
| Shock, Cardiogenic Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in heart disease. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Ventricular Fibrillation A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST. | 0 | 2.86 | 4 | 0 |
| Keratitis, Ulcerative [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Corneal Ulcer Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue; usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Bladder Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Malignant Hypertension [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertension, Malignant A condition of markedly elevated BLOOD PRESSURE with DIASTOLIC PRESSURE usually greater than 120 mm Hg. Malignant hypertension is characterized by widespread vascular damage, PAPILLEDEMA, retinopathy, HYPERTENSIVE ENCEPHALOPATHY, and renal dysfunction. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Vascular Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 4.03 | 3 | 1 |
| Cerebrovascular Disorders A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others. | 0 | 4.03 | 3 | 1 |
| Reticulum Cell-Like Sarcoma, Yoshida [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Adrenal Cortex Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the ADRENAL CORTEX. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Airway Obstruction Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Sickle Cell Trait The condition of being heterozygous for hemoglobin S. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Adrenal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Keratoderma Blennorrhagicum [description not available] | 0 | 3.36 | 1 | 1 |
| Condition, Preneoplastic [description not available] | 0 | 3.36 | 1 | 1 |
| Keratosis Any horny growth such as a wart or callus. | 0 | 3.36 | 1 | 1 |
| Precancerous Conditions Pathological conditions that tend eventually to become malignant. | 0 | 3.36 | 1 | 1 |
| Craniofacial Dysarthrosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Opportunistic Infections An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cocarcinogenesis The combination of two or more different factors in the production of cancer. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Diseases, Parasitic Liver diseases caused by infections with PARASITES, such as tapeworms (CESTODA) and flukes (TREMATODA). | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Complications, Infectious Pregnancy [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Alcoholic Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to chronic excess ALCOHOL DRINKING. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiac Complex, Premature [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathies, Primary [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathies A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS). | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9) | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Anesthesia A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Vitiligo A disorder consisting of areas of macular depigmentation, commonly on extensor aspects of extremities, on the face or neck, and in skin folds. Age of onset is often in young adulthood and the condition tends to progress gradually with lesions enlarging and extending until a quiescent state is reached. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Tracheitis INFLAMMATION of the TRACHEA that is usually associated with RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Congenital Limb Deformities [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Corpus Luteum Cyst [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Ovarian Cysts General term for CYSTS and cystic diseases of the OVARY. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Ascorbic Acid [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Ascorbic Acid Deficiency A condition due to a dietary deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), characterized by malaise, lethargy, and weakness. As the disease progresses, joints, muscles, and subcutaneous tissues may become the sites of hemorrhage. Ascorbic acid deficiency frequently develops into SCURVY in young children fed unsupplemented cow's milk exclusively during their first year. It develops also commonly in chronic alcoholism. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1177) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Fetal Growth Restriction [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Fetal Growth Retardation Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Sex Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological Physiological disturbances in normal sexual performance in either the male or the female. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Bodily Distress Disorder [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |
| Corridor Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Necrotizing Pyelonephritis [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Remission, Spontaneous A spontaneous diminution or abatement of a disease over time, without formal treatment. | 0 | 5.86 | 9 | 3 |
| Lymphatic Diseases Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC VESSELS. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Sclerosis, Systemic [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Scleroderma, Systemic A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS, the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary Inborn errors of bilirubin metabolism resulting in excessive amounts of bilirubin in the circulating blood, either because of increased bilirubin production or because of delayed clearance of bilirubin from the blood. | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Error [description not available] | 0 | 4.73 | 12 | 0 |
| Familial Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinaemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity. | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Arthus Phenomenon [description not available] | 0 | 2.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Bilateral Wilms Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Wilms Tumor A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Tuberculosis, Splenic Infection of the spleen with species of MYCOBACTERIUM. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Hydronephrosis Abnormal enlargement or swelling of a KIDNEY due to dilation of the KIDNEY CALICES and the KIDNEY PELVIS. It is often associated with obstruction of the URETER or chronic kidney diseases that prevents normal drainage of urine into the URINARY BLADDER. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Amyoplasia Congenita [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemorrhage, Peptic Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Curling Ulcer Acute stress DUODENAL ULCER, usually observed in patients with extensive third-degree burns. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Duodenal Ulcer A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Nasopharynx [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Mitral Incompetence [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Bacterial Endocarditides [description not available] | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Endocarditis, Bacterial Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use. | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Mitral Valve Insufficiency Backflow of blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the LEFT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the MITRAL VALVE. This can lead to mitral valve regurgitation. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Agricultural Worker Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Pyoderma Any purulent skin disease (Dorland, 27th ed). | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Embryopathies [description not available] | 0 | 3.78 | 4 | 0 |
| C gattii Infection [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Meningococcal [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Cryptococcosis Fungal infection caused by genus CRYPTOCOCCUS. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Gonorrhea Acute infectious disease characterized by primary invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the species NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Glomerular Necrosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Glycogenosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Glycogen Storage Disease A group of inherited metabolic disorders involving the enzymes responsible for the synthesis and degradation of glycogen. In some patients, prominent liver involvement is presented. In others, more generalized storage of glycogen occurs, sometimes with prominent cardiac involvement. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Mental [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Pigmentary Retinopathy [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Gargoylism, Hunter Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Intellectual Disability Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28) | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinitis Pigmentosa Hereditary, progressive degeneration of the retina due to death of ROD PHOTORECEPTORS initially and subsequent death of CONE PHOTORECEPTORS. It is characterized by deposition of pigment in the retina. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Mucopolysaccharidosis II Systemic lysosomal storage disease marked by progressive physical deterioration and caused by a deficiency of L-sulfoiduronate sulfatase. This disease differs from MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS I by slower progression, lack of corneal clouding, and X-linked rather than autosomal recessive inheritance. The mild form produces near-normal intelligence and life span. The severe form usually causes death by age 15. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| ARSA Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of neurological symptoms. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Cyst [description not available] | 0 | 2.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Hepatitis, Infectious [description not available] | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Hepatitis A INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water. | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Avian Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Chlamydia [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Ornithosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Egyptian Ophthalmia [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Blennorrhea, Inclusion [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphogranuloma Inguinale [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Chlamydia Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA. | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Conjunctivitis, Inclusion An infection of the eyes characterized by the presence in conjunctival epithelial cells of inclusion bodies indistinguishable from those of trachoma. It is acquired by infants during birth and by adults from swimming pools. The etiological agent is CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS whose natural habitat appears to be the genito-urinary tract. Inclusion conjunctivitis is a less severe disease than trachoma and usually clears up spontaneously. | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Psittacosis Infection with CHLAMYDOPHILA PSITTACI (formerly Chlamydia psittaci), transmitted to humans by inhalation of dust-borne contaminated nasal secretions or excreta of infected BIRDS. This infection results in a febrile illness characterized by PNEUMONITIS and systemic manifestations. | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Albright Hereditary Osteodystrophy [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Pseudohypoparathyroidism A hereditary syndrome clinically similar to HYPOPARATHYROIDISM. It is characterized by HYPOCALCEMIA; HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA; and associated skeletal development impairment and caused by failure of response to PARATHYROID HORMONE rather than deficiencies. A severe form with resistance to multiple hormones is referred to as Type 1a and is associated with maternal mutant allele of the ALPHA CHAIN OF STIMULATORY G PROTEIN. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Gallbladder [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Gallbladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Back Ache [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Back Pain Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior regions of the THORAX; LUMBOSACRAL REGION; or the adjacent regions. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Malabsorption Syndromes General term for a group of MALNUTRITION syndromes caused by failure of normal INTESTINAL ABSORPTION of nutrients. | 0 | 2.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Angioblastic Meningioma [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue Neoplasms composed of nerve tissue. This concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the nervous system or its component nerves. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningioma A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7) | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Infection [description not available] | 0 | 3.04 | 5 | 0 |
| Cronobacter Infections [description not available] | 0 | 3.55 | 3 | 0 |
| Enterobacteriaceae Infections Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE. | 0 | 3.55 | 3 | 0 |
| Infections Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases. | 0 | 3.04 | 5 | 0 |
| Endothelioma, Vascular [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemangioendothelioma A neoplasm derived from blood vessels, characterized by numerous prominent endothelial cells that occur singly, in aggregates, and as the lining of congeries of vascular tubes or channels. Hemangioendotheliomas are relatively rare and are of intermediate malignancy (between benign hemangiomas and conventional angiosarcomas). They affect men and women about equally and rarely develop in childhood. (From Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1866) | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Diseases of Endocrine System [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Endocrine System Diseases Pathological processes of the ENDOCRINE GLANDS, and diseases resulting from abnormal level of available HORMONES. | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Schwartzman Phenomenon [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Death, Sudden The abrupt cessation of all vital bodily functions, manifested by the permanent loss of total cerebral, respiratory, and cardiovascular functions. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Poisoning, Mercury [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Incontinentia Pigmenti Achromians [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Mercury Poisoning Poisoning that results from chronic or acute ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of MERCURY or MERCURY COMPOUNDS. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Kidney Tubular Necrosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of EPITHELIAL CELLS of the KIDNEY TUBULES. It is commonly attributed to exposure to toxic agents or renal ISCHEMIA following severe TRAUMA. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Nephrosis Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Ascariasis Infection by nematodes of the genus ASCARIS. Ingestion of infective eggs causes diarrhea and pneumonitis. Its distribution is more prevalent in areas of poor sanitation and where human feces are used for fertilizer. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Pasteurella [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Corynebacterium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CORYNEBACTERIUM. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Diseases, Parasitic Infections of the lungs with parasites, most commonly by parasitic worms (HELMINTHS). | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Thyroid [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Thyroid Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency Diseases A condition produced by dietary or metabolic deficiency. The term includes all diseases caused by an insufficient supply of essential nutrients, i.e., protein (or amino acids), vitamins, and minerals. It also includes an inadequacy of calories. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 3.55 | 3 | 0 |
| Hospital-Acquired Condition [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Agranulocytosis A decrease in the number of GRANULOCYTES; (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS). | 0 | 4.58 | 3 | 2 |
| Anemia, Hypoplastic [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Thrombocytopathy [description not available] | 0 | 3.74 | 2 | 1 |
| Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 5.35 | 5 | 3 |
| Anemia, Aplastic A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements. | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Blood Platelet Disorders Disorders caused by abnormalities in platelet count or function. | 0 | 3.74 | 2 | 1 |
| Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation. | 0 | 5.35 | 5 | 3 |
| Thrombopenia [description not available] | 0 | 5.16 | 4 | 3 |
| Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses. | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Thrombocytopenia A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS. | 0 | 5.16 | 4 | 3 |
| Bruise [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Contusions Injuries resulting in hemorrhage, usually manifested in the skin. | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Auricular Fibrillation [description not available] | 0 | 3.78 | 4 | 0 |
| Atrial Fibrillation Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation. | 0 | 3.78 | 4 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Digestive System [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Urethral Diseases Pathological processes involving the URETHRA. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Fistula An abnormal passage in any part of the URINARY TRACT between itself or with other organs. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypospadias A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in which the urethral opening is below its normal location. In the male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the ventral surface of the PENIS or on the PERINEUM. In the female, the malformed urethral opening is in the VAGINA. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Pleural Effusion Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting from excessive transudation or exudation from the pleural surfaces. It is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis in itself. | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Infections, Respiratory [description not available] | 0 | 5.14 | 6 | 2 |
| Respiratory Tract Infections Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases. | 0 | 5.14 | 6 | 2 |
| Muscle Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscular Diseases Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Polyps Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the DIGESTIVE TRACT or the RESPIRATORY TRACT. Polyps can be spheroidal, hemispheroidal, or irregular mound-shaped structures attached to the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the lumen wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma 256, Walker A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Alpers Diffuse Degeneration of Cerebral Gray Matter with Hepatic Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Niemann-Pick Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Niemann-Pick Diseases A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based on their clinical and genetic differences. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Bertielliasis [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Diphyllobothriasis Infection with tapeworms of the genus Diphyllobothrium. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Taenia [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Monieziasis Infection of ruminants with tapeworms of the genus Moniezia. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Taeniasis Infection with tapeworms of the genus Taenia. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Acoustic Trauma Usually refer to hearing loss due to a single noise event such as an explosion or shotgun blast. | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced Hearing loss due to exposure to explosive loud noise or chronic exposure to sound level greater than 85 dB. The hearing loss is often in the frequency range 4000-6000 hertz. | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Anaplastic Ependymoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Ependymoma Glioma derived from EPENDYMOGLIAL CELLS that tend to present as malignant intracranial tumors in children and as benign intraspinal neoplasms in adults. It may arise from any level of the ventricular system or central canal of the spinal cord. Intracranial ependymomas most frequently originate in the FOURTH VENTRICLE and histologically are densely cellular tumors which may contain ependymal tubules and perivascular pseudorosettes. Spinal ependymomas are usually benign papillary or myxopapillary tumors. (From DeVita et al., Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2018; Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp28-9) | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Ecchymosis Extravasation of blood into the skin, resulting in a nonelevated, rounded or irregular, blue or purplish patch, larger than a petechia. | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Angiokeratoma A vascular, horny neoplasm of the skin characterized by TELANGIECTASIS and secondary epithelial changes including acanthosis and hyperkeratosis. | 0 | 3.77 | 4 | 0 |
| Heart Valve Diseases Pathological conditions involving any of the various HEART VALVES and the associated structures (PAPILLARY MUSCLES and CHORDAE TENDINEAE). | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Infarct [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Hypoascorbemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Scurvy An acquired blood vessel disorder caused by severe deficiency of vitamin C (ASCORBIC ACID) in the diet leading to defective collagen formation in small blood vessels. Scurvy is characterized by bleeding in any tissue, weakness, ANEMIA, spongy gums, and a brawny induration of the muscles of the calves and legs. | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Cramp [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Muscle Cramp A sustained and usually painful contraction of muscle fibers. This may occur as an isolated phenomenon or as a manifestation of an underlying disease process (e.g., UREMIA; HYPOTHYROIDISM; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; etc.). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1398) | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Pyelitis Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and KIDNEY CALICES where urine is collected before discharge, but does not involve the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS) where urine is processed. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Tract Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Purine Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Leiomyosarcoma, Epithelioid [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Leiomyosarcoma A sarcoma containing large spindle cells of smooth muscle. Although it rarely occurs in soft tissue, it is common in the viscera. It is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract and uterus. The median age of patients is 60 years. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1865) | 0 | 3.33 | 1 | 1 |
| Rida [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Disease A definite pathologic process with a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. It may affect the whole body or any of its parts, and its etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be known or unknown. | 0 | 2.86 | 1 | 0 |
| Thyroiditis Inflammatory diseases of the THYROID GLAND. Thyroiditis can be classified into acute (THYROIDITIS, SUPPURATIVE), subacute (granulomatous and lymphocytic), chronic fibrous (Riedel's), chronic lymphocytic (HASHIMOTO DISEASE), transient (POSTPARTUM THYROIDITIS), and other AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS subtypes. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Stye [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Middle Ear Inflammation [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Hordeolum Purulent infection of one of the sebaceous glands of Zeis along the eyelid margin (external) or of the meibomian gland on the conjunctival side of the eyelid (internal). | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Otitis Media Inflammation of the MIDDLE EAR including the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Aminoaciduria, Renal [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Disgerminoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Dysgerminoma A malignant ovarian neoplasm, thought to be derived from primordial germ cells of the sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonad. It is the counterpart of the classical seminoma of the testis, to which it is both grossly and histologically identical. Dysgerminomas comprise 16% of all germ cell tumors but are rare before the age of 10, although nearly 50% occur before the age of 20. They are generally considered of low-grade malignancy but may spread if the tumor extends through its capsule and involves lymph nodes or blood vessels. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1646) | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Spasm [description not available] | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Spasm An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE. | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Uterine Prolapse Downward displacement of the UTERUS. It is classified in various degrees: in the first degree the UTERINE CERVIX is within the vaginal orifice; in the second degree the cervix is outside the orifice; in the third degree the entire uterus is outside the orifice. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenofibroma A benign neoplasm composed of glandular and fibrous tissues, with a relatively large proportion of glands. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Scotoma A localized defect in the visual field bordered by an area of normal vision. This occurs with a variety of EYE DISEASES (e.g., RETINAL DISEASES and GLAUCOMA); OPTIC NERVE DISEASES, and other conditions. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Duodenum [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Cecum [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Conjugate Nystagmus [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Origin Vertigo [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Vertigo An illusion of movement, either of the external world revolving around the individual or of the individual revolving in space. Vertigo may be associated with disorders of the inner ear (EAR, INNER); VESTIBULAR NERVE; BRAINSTEM; or CEREBRAL CORTEX. Lesions in the TEMPORAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE may be associated with FOCAL SEIZURES that may feature vertigo as an ictal manifestation. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp300-1) | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Vagina [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Vaginal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the VAGINA. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Abscess, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Abscess Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the lung parenchyma as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other agents. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Neuritis A general term indicating inflammation of a peripheral or cranial nerve. Clinical manifestation may include PAIN; PARESTHESIAS; PARESIS; or HYPESTHESIA. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Gall Bladder Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Female Genital Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Genital Diseases, Female Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE). | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Vaginal Diseases Pathological processes of the VAGINA. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Abortion, Tubal [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Abortion, Spontaneous Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate interference. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Vitamin E [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Giant Cell Tumors Tumors of bone tissue or synovial or other soft tissue characterized by the presence of giant cells. The most common are giant cell tumor of tendon sheath and GIANT CELL TUMOR OF BONE. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Achondroplasia, Severe, With Developmental Delay And Acanthosis Nigricans [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Cutis Elastica [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Marfan Syndrome, Type I [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Bronchiolitis, Viral An acute inflammatory disease of the lower RESPIRATORY TRACT, caused by paramyxoviruses, occurring primarily in infants and young children; the viruses most commonly implicated are PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE 3; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS, HUMAN; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Achondroplasia An autosomal dominant disorder that is the most frequent form of short-limb dwarfism. Affected individuals exhibit short stature caused by rhizomelic shortening of the limbs, characteristic facies with frontal bossing and mid-face hypoplasia, exaggerated lumbar lordosis, limitation of elbow extension, GENU VARUM, and trident hand. (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim, MIM#100800, April 20, 2001) | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome A heterogeneous group of autosomally inherited COLLAGEN DISEASES caused by defects in the synthesis or structure of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are numerous subtypes: classical, hypermobility, vascular, and others. Common clinical features include hyperextensible skin and joints, skin fragility and reduced wound healing capability. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Marfan Syndrome An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton. Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE, dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome (type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome type 2. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Exanthem [description not available] | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Exanthema Diseases in which skin eruptions or rashes are a prominent manifestation. Classically, six such diseases were described with similar rashes; they were numbered in the order in which they were reported. Only the fourth (Duke's disease), fifth (ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM), and sixth (EXANTHEMA SUBITUM) numeric designations survive as occasional synonyms in current terminology. | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Infections, Pneumococcal [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Pneumococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Neuroses [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Neurotic Disorders Disorders in which the symptoms are distressing to the individual and recognized by him or her as being unacceptable. Social relationships may be greatly affected but usually remain within acceptable limits. The disturbance is relatively enduring or recurrent without treatment. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Complications, Labor [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Endotoxin Shock [description not available] | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Abortion, Septic Any type of abortion, induced or spontaneous, that is associated with infection of the UTERUS and its appendages. It is characterized by FEVER, uterine tenderness, and foul discharge. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Shock, Septic Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status. | 0 | 2.63 | 3 | 0 |
| Blood Protein Disorders Hematologic diseases caused by structural or functional defects of BLOOD PROTEINS. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Franklin Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Concussion [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Concussion A nonspecific term used to describe transient alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p418) | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Boils [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Staphylococcal Pneumonia [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Impetigo Contagiosa [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Impetigo A common superficial bacterial infection caused by STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS or group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Characteristics include pustular lesions that rupture and discharge a thin, amber-colored fluid that dries and forms a crust. This condition is commonly located on the face, especially about the mouth and nose. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Pneumonia, Staphylococcal Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Foreign Bodies Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the body. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Intestinal Diseases Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM. | 0 | 2.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Fibromatosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibroma A benign tumor of fibrous or fully developed connective tissue. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Diseases of Nasopharynx [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukocytosis A transient increase in the number of leukocytes in a body fluid. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Alkalosis A pathological condition that removes acid or adds base to the body fluids. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Tissue Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Inappropriate GH Secretion Syndrome (Acromegaly) [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Nephrosclerosis Hardening of the KIDNEY due to infiltration by fibrous connective tissue (FIBROSIS), usually caused by renovascular diseases or chronic HYPERTENSION. Nephrosclerosis leads to renal ISCHEMIA. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Microglossia [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Acromegaly A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excessive HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE in adults. It is characterized by bony enlargement of the FACE; lower jaw (PROGNATHISM); hands; FEET; HEAD; and THORAX. The most common etiology is a GROWTH HORMONE-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch36, pp79-80) | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Corneal Opacity Disorder occurring in the central or peripheral area of the cornea. The usual degree of transparency becomes relatively opaque. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Eye Manifestations Ocular disorders attendant upon non-ocular disease or injury. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Abortion, Recurrent [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Abortion, Habitual Three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Fractures [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Clostridium tetani Infection [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Tetanus A disease caused by tetanospasmin, a powerful protein toxin produced by CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI. Tetanus usually occurs after an acute injury, such as a puncture wound or laceration. Generalized tetanus, the most common form, is characterized by tetanic muscular contractions and hyperreflexia. Localized tetanus presents itself as a mild condition with manifestations restricted to muscles near the wound. It may progress to the generalized form. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Fractures, Bone Breaks in bones. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Adiadochokinesis [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebellar Diseases Diseases that affect the structure or function of the cerebellum. Cardinal manifestations of cerebellar dysfunction include dysmetria, GAIT ATAXIA, and MUSCLE HYPOTONIA. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Focal Neurologic Deficits [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebellar Ataxia Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90) | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency A disease-producing enzyme deficiency subject to many variants, some of which cause a deficiency of GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE activity in erythrocytes, leading to hemolytic anemia. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Enlarged Spleen [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |