omeprazole

Research Excerpts

Overview

Omeprazole (OPZ) is a proton pump inhibitor commonly used for the treatment of gastric acid hypersecretion. It irreversibly binds to H+-K+ ATPase enzyme system in the gastric parietal cells. Little is known about its possible liver protective effects.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Omeprazole (OMZ) is a proton pump inhibitor that is used to reduce gastric acid secretion, but little is known about its possible liver protective effects. "	( Omeprazole Increases Survival Through the Inhibition of Inflammatory Mediaters in Two Rat Sepsis Models. Hashimoto, Y; Hatta, M; Kaibori, M; Kotsuka, M; Nakatake, R; Nishizawa, M; Okumura, T; Okuyama, T; Sekimoto, M; Yoshida, T, 2022)	3.61
"Omeprazole (OPZ) is a proton pump inhibitor commonly used for the treatment of gastric acid hypersecretion. "	( Evidence for Metabolic Activation of Omeprazole In Vitro and In Vivo. Hu, Z; Peng, Y; Shi, J; Su, M; Sun, C; Zhao, Y; Zheng, J, 2022)	2.44
"Omeprazole is a part of PPIs most commonly prescribed worldwide; it irreversibly binds to H+-K+ ATPase enzyme system in the gastric parietal cells to reduce secretion of H+ ions into the lumen of stomach."	( Long-Term Use of Omeprazole: Effect on Haematological and Biochemical Parameters. Al Ali, HS; Ibrahim, NK; Jabbar, AS; Neamah, NF, 2022)	1.78
"Omeprazole (OM) is a proton pump inhibitor from the benzimidazole group used for treatment of gastric acid-related disorders (2)."	( Occupational Airborne Contact Dermatitis Caused by Omeprazole. Balić, A; Bartolić, L; Jurakić Tončić, R; Ljubojević Hadžavdić, S; Pavičić, B; Petković, M; Žužul, K, 2019)	1.49
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor which is reported to have antiparasitic properties."	( Assessment of the potential therapeutic effects of omeprazole in Schistosoma mansoni infected mice. Abdel Ghaffar, AE; Alshenawy, HA; Elgendy, DI; Ellakany, AR, 2019)	1.49
"Omeprazole is a commonly used drug in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). "	( Pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in rats with dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis. Dong, L; Hu, N; Jiang, Y; Ling, J; Zhou, Q; Zou, S, 2020)	2.32
"Omeprazole (OME) is a representative of proton pump inhibitors and widely used in anti-ulcer treatment. "	( A potential drug combination of omeprazole and patchouli alcohol significantly normalizes oxidative stress and inflammatory responses against gastric ulcer in ethanol-induced rat model. Chen, YR; Guo, YL; Wang, B; Wang, ZC; Xie, L; Zhang, LY; Zhang, T, 2020)	2.28
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that is used in acid suppression therapy in infants. "	( Rectal Omeprazole in Infants With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Randomized Pilot Trial. Bestebreurtje, P; de Koning, BAE; de Wildt, SN; Knibbe, CAJ; Plötz, FB; Roeleveld, N; Tibboel, D; van de Ven, CP; van Groen, B, 2020)	2.46
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that is used in acid suppression therapy in infants. "	( Development and Stability Study of an Omeprazole Suppository for Infants. Bestebreurtje, P; de Wildt, SN; Knibbe, CAJ; Plötz, FB; Roeleveld, N; van Sorge, AA, 2020)	2.27
"Omeprazole is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. "	( Ultrastructural intestinal mucosa change after prolonged inhibition of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole in male rats. Chamniansawat, S; Kampuang, N; Suksridechacin, N; Thongon, N, 2021)	2.28
"Omeprazole is a common proton pump inhibitor that interferes with the hepatic activation of clopidogrel and potentially reduces its platelet-inhibitory effect. "	( Omeprazole-clopidogrel interaction and neurovascular complications after flow-diverter device placement. Albuquerque, FC; Baranoski, JF; Catapano, JS; Cole, TS; Ducruet, AF; Fredrickson, VL; Lundberg, JN; Rahmani, R; Rutledge, C; Srinivasan, VM; Wakim, AA, 2022)	3.61
"Omeprazole is a widely used over-the-counter (20 mg) proton pump inhibitor, usually supplied as oral enteric-coated pellets intended to release at pH 5.5 and higher; however, it is sensitive to acidic pH. "	( Effect of Elevated pH on the Commercial Enteric-Coated Omeprazole Pellets Resistance: Patent Review and Multisource Generics Comparison. Katynska, M; Mohylyuk, V; Patel, K; Sirko, V; Yerkhova, A, 2021)	2.31
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibition and ranitidine is an H2 histamine receptor antagonist widely used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflex disease, peptic ulcer disease, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and as a protector of the gastric mucosae. "	( Occupational contact allergy to omeprazole and ranitidine. Herrera-Mozo, I; Martí-Amengual, G; Sanz-Gallen, P, 2017)	2.18
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibition and ranitidine is an H2 histamine receptor antagonist widely used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflex disease, peptic ulcer disease, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and as a protector of the gastric mucosae. "	( Occupational contact allergy to omeprazole and ranitidine. Herrera-Mozo, I; Martí-Amengual, G; Sanz-Gallen, P, 2017)	2.18
"Omeprazole is a widely prescribed proton pump inhibitor to treat various gastric acid hyper secretion disorders. "	( Renal clearance and urinary excretion of omeprazole in healthy female volunteers in Pakistan. Asharaf, S; Hussain, RA; Khaliq, T; Noor, N; Qadir, N; Raza, A; Shah, GA, 2017)	2.16
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used for decreasing gastric acid production."	( A pharmacokinetic model of drug-drug interaction between clopidogrel and omeprazole at CYP2C19 in humans. Lohitnavy, M; Lohitnavy, O; Morasuk, T; Tangamornsuksan, W; Thiansupornpong, P, 2017)	1.41
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat the symptoms of gastro esophageal reflux disease, ulcers, excess stomach acid, infection with Helicobacter pylori, and to control the gastric side effects of various drugs. "	( To Flavor or Not to Flavor Extemporaneous Omeprazole Liquid. Chuong, MC; Kerr, SG; Taglieri, CA, )	1.84
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that inhibits gastric acid secretion and, theoretically, may cause the premature release of cysteamine by increasing intragastric pH, thereby affecting the PK of CBDR."	( A Phase 1 Pharmacokinetic Study of Cysteamine Bitartrate Delayed-Release Capsules Following Oral Administration with Orange Juice, Water, or Omeprazole in Cystinosis. Armas, D; Brannagan, M; Checani, GC; Confer, NF; Holt, RJ; Obaidi, M; Xie, Y, 2018)	1.4
"Omeprazole (OME) is a proton pump inhibitor used for the treatment of various gastric and intestinal disease; however, studies on its effects on the genetic materials are still restricted. "	( Toxicogenetic study of omeprazole and the modulatory effects of retinol palmitate and ascorbic acid on Allium cepa. Ali, ES; Alves, LBDS; Braga, AL; da Mata, AMOF; Das, AK; de Lima, RMT; de Meneses, APM; Dev, S; Dos Reis, AC; E Sousa, JMC; Islam, MT; Khan, IN; Melo-Cavalcante, AAC; Mishra, SK; Mubarak, MS; Paz, MFCJ; Rouf, R; Santos, JVO; Shaw, S; Shil, MC; Shilpi, JA; Uddin, SJ, 2018)	2.23
"Omeprazole is a well-established and most studied drug in the PPI class."	( Reliving 25 years of Experience with Omeprazole in Acid-peptic Diseases. Sharma, P, 2018)	1.48
"Omeprazole is an important cause of drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). "	( Omeprazole-induced acute interstitial nephritis: a possible Th1-Th17-mediated injury? Berney-Meyer, L; Hung, N; Kitching, AR; Schollum, JB; Slatter, T; Walker, RJ, 2014)	3.29
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor for the treatment of gastric acid-related disorders. "	( Sensitization to omeprazole in the occupational setting. Björkheden, C; Cederbrant, K; Ghatan, PH; Lundborg, P; Marcusson-Ståhl, M; Matura, M, 2014)	2.18
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and gastrosophageal reflux disease and acts by irreversibly blocking ATP4A, a P-type H+/K+ ATPase in gastric parietal cells. "	( Omeprazole, a gastric proton pump inhibitor, inhibits melanogenesis by blocking ATP7A trafficking. Ichihashi, M; Karaman-Jurukovska, N; Matsui, MS; Muizzuddin, N; Niki, Y; Petris, MJ; Yarosh, DB, 2015)	3.3
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor which is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)."	( Hydroxylation index of omeprazole in relation to CYP2C19 polymorphism and sex in a healthy Iranian population. Ghahremani, MH; Payan, M; Rouini, MR; Tahvilian, R; Tajik, N, 2014)	1.43
"Omeprazole (OME) is a proton pump inhibitor with a 58% bioavailability after a single oral dose. "	( Improvement and validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography in tandem mass spectrometry method for monitoring of omeprazole in plasma. Abad-Santos, F; Gil García, AI; Ochoa-Mazarro, D; Román-Martínez, M; Ruiz-Nuño, A; Wojnicz, A, 2015)	2.07
"Omeprazole is an acid suppressant and CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and CYP2C19 substrate and inhibitor, as well as inhibitor of transporters (like P-gp)."	( Effect of Omeprazole on the Pharmacokinetics of Rosuvastatin in Healthy Male Volunteers. Ahmad, L; Iqbal, Z; Khan, A; Khan, MI; Khuda, F; Shah, Y, )	1.26
"Omeprazole (OM) is a proton pump inhibitor that is used to treat humans with gastric acid related disorders."	( Omeprazole Attenuates Pulmonary Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation and Potentiates Hyperoxia-Induced Developmental Lung Injury in Newborn Mice. Jiang, W; Moorthy, B; Patel, A; Shivanna, B; Wang, L; Welty, SE; Zhang, S, 2015)	2.58
"Omeprazole (Prilosec®) is a selective and irreversible proton pump inhibitor used to treat various medical conditions related to the production of excess stomach acids. "	( Site selective syntheses of [(3)H]omeprazole using hydrogen isotope exchange chemistry. Pollack, SR; Schenk, DJ, )	1.85
"Omeprazole (OM) is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist and a proton pump inhibitor that is used to treat humans with gastric acid related disorders. "	( Omeprazole induces heme oxygenase-1 in fetal human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells via hydrogen peroxide-independent Nrf2 signaling pathway. Maturu, P; Moorthy, B; Patel, A; Shivanna, B; Shrestha, AK; Zhang, S, 2016)	3.32
"Omeprazole is a drug used for treating gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and duodenal ulcers. "	( Omeprazole alleviates benzo[a]pyrene cytotoxicity by inhibition of CYP1A1 activity in human and mouse hepatoma cells. Kawanishi, M; Ohsako, S; Shiizaki, K; Yagi, T, 2008)	3.23
"Omeprazole is a selective inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and is one of the most widely prescribed drugs internationally. "	( Analysis of omeprazole and its main metabolites by liquid chromatography using hybrid micellar mobile phases. Carda-Broch, S; Esteve-Romero, J; Rambla-Alegre, M, 2009)	2.17
"Omeprazole is a proton-pump inhibitor recently approved in the United States for the treatment of gastric ulcer disease in horses. "	( Evaluation of the effects of omeprazole on physiological indices of performance of horses during incremental treadmill exercise. Cox, K; Jones, J; Kollias-Baker, C, 2001)	2.04
"Omeprazole is a mainstay of therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and gastritis, and is increasingly used as an over-the-counter remedy for dyspepsia. "	( Antioxidant pre-treatment prevents omeprazole-induced toxicity in an in vitro model of infectious gastritis. Blass, AL; Kohler, JE; Liu, J; Soybel, DI; Tai, K, 2010)	2.08
"Omeprazole is a potent CYP2C19 inhibitor."	( Omeprazole preferentially inhibits the metabolism of (+)-(S)-citalopram in healthy volunteers. Coelho, EB; Lanchote, VL; Rocha, A; Sampaio, SA, 2010)	2.52
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor with proven efficacy in the prevention and treatment of PUD."	( Prophylactic use of omeprazole associated with a reduced risk of peptic ulcer disease among maintenance hemodialysis patients. Chang, CT; Hsu, WM; Huang, CC; Kuo, HL; Liang, CC; Lin, HH; Liu, JH; Wang, IK; Yeh, HC, 2011)	1.41
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor, a widely used drug to treat ulcers and gastroesophageal refluxdisease. "	( Anti-carcinogenic properties of omeprazole against human colon cancer cells and azoxymethane-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci formation in rats. Li, Q; Patlolla, JM; Rao, CV; Steele, VE; Zhang, Y, 2012)	2.11
"Omeprazole is a very widely used proton-pump inhibitor. "	( Comparative bioavailability of two oral formulations of omeprazole. Carrasco-Portugal, Mdel C; Flores-Murrieta, FJ; Herrera, JE; Medina-Santillán, R; Reyes-García, G, 2009)	2.04
"Omeprazole is a drug used in the prophylaxis of the gastrointestinal bleeding in these patients, but its cardiovascular effects are unknown."	( [Hemodynamic effects of intravenous omeprazole in critically ill children]. Botrán, M; Del Castillo, J; Garrido, B; López-Herce, J; Solana, MJ; Urbano, J, 2013)	1.39
"Omeprazole is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. "	( Comparison of oral omeprazole and endoscopic ethanol injection therapy for prevention of recurrent bleeding from peptic ulcers with nonbleeding visible vessels or fresh adherent clots. Jung, HK; Jung, SA; Kim, DY; Lee, HC; Moon, IH; Son, HY; Yi, SY; Yoo, K, 2002)	2.09
"Esomeprazole is an effective agent in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and erosive esophagitis."	( Esomeprazole: update and clinical review. Baker, DE, 2002)	1.59
"Omeprazole is a class referred to as proton pump inhibitor; it acts to regulate acid production in the stomach and is used to treat various acid-related gastrointestinal disorders. "	( Stereospecific analysis of omeprazole in human plasma as a probe for CYP2C19 phenotype. Higaki, M; Kanazawa, H; Mashige, F; Nakahara, K; Okada, A; Yokota, H, 2003)	2.06
"Esomeprazole is an enantiomorph of omeprazole, which inhibits gastric acid secretion more effectively than omeprazole. "	( Antimicrobial activity of esomeprazole versus omeprazole against Helicobacter pylori. D'Anna, L; Figura, N; Gatta, L; Holton, J; Miglioli, M; Perna, F; Ricci, C; Vaira, D, 2003)	1.33
"Omeprazole is a unique and effective agent for suppression of gastric acid secretion. "	( In vitro study on capsule formulations of omeprazole containing enteric coated granules. Livingston, J; Manavalan, R; Pandey, VP; Phanindrudu, A, )	1.84
"Omeprazole is a racemate, from which the R- and S-isomers can be isolated. "	( Review article: esomeprazole--the first proton pump inhibitor to be developed as an isomer. Kendall, MJ, 2003)	2.1
"Esomeprazole (Nexium) is a new proton pump inhibitor that provides more effective acid control compared with other proton pump inhibitors. "	( Efficacy of esomeprazole in patients with acid-peptic disorders. Beck, J, )	1.21
"Omeprazole is a drug widely used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcer disease."	( [Acute interstitial nephritis associated with omeprazole therapy]. Calvo, C; García, H; Hernández-Jaras, J; Maduell, F; Rovira, RE; Torregrosa, E, 2004)	1.3
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor, which is used for the treatment of peptic ulcers, reflux esophagitis and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. "	( Development of an intravenously injectable chemically stable aqueous omeprazole formulation using nanosuspension technology. Achleitner, G; Möschwitzer, J; Müller, RH; Pomper, H, 2004)	2
"Esomeprazole 40 mg is an effective and safe drug at least comparable to omeprazole in treating Chinese EE patients."	( Esomeprazole tablet vs omeprazole capsule in treating erosive esophagitis. Chang, FY; Chen, CY; Lai, YL; Lee, SD; Lu, CL; Luo, JC, 2005)	1.77
"Omeprazole is a well known activator of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)."	( Role of CYP3A4 in the regulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by omeprazole sulphide. Daujat-Chavanieu, M; Fabre, JM; Gerbal-Chaloin, S; Maurel, P; Pichard-Garcia, L; Poellinger, L; Sa-Cunha, A, 2006)	1.29
"Omeprazole is a commonly prescribed drug for patients with peptic ulcerations. "	( Omeprazole affects neither electroconvulsive threshold nor anticonvulsant activity of diphenylhydantoin and carbamazepine in mice. Czuczwar, SJ; Kozicka, M; Luszczki, JJ; Parada-Turska, J; Pilip, S; Swiader, MJ, )	3.02
"Omeprazole (OMP) is a proton pump inhibitor used as an oral treatment for acid-related gastrointestinal disorders. "	( Effect of Cimetidine and Phenobarbital on metabolite kinetics of Omeprazole in rats. Cho, HY; Lee, YB; Park, EJ, 2005)	2.01
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor with a number of pharmacokinetic drug interactions due to interference with cytochrome P450. "	( Interaction between omeprazole and tacrolimus in renal allograft recipients: a clinical-analytical study. Alarcón, MC; Burgos, FJ; Marcén, R; Navarro, M; Ocaña, J; Orea, OE; Ortuño, J; Pascual, J; Villafruela, JJ, 2005)	2.09
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor which reduces both basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the parietal cell enzyme H(+)-K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase. "	( [Anaphylaxis caused by omeprazole]. Bauer, C; Fackler, I; Kamann, S; Przybilla, B, 2006)	2.09
"Omeprazole is an inhibitor of the parietal cell enzyme H+/K+ adenosine triphosphatase. "	( Anaphylaxis to omeprazole: diagnosis and desensitization protocol. Confino-Cohen, R; Goldberg, A, 2006)	2.13
"Omeprazole is a commonly prescribed inhibitor of the gastric proton pump and has numerous indications in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. "	( Omeprazole-associated digoxin toxicity. Cragin, DJ; Kiley, CA; Roth, BJ, 2007)	3.23
"Omeprazole is an effective treatment for gastroesophageal reflux in children younger than 2 years. "	( Omeprazole for gastroesophageal reflux disease in the first 2 years of life: a dose-finding study with dual-channel pH monitoring. Bishop, J; Furman, M; Thomson, M, 2007)	3.23
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor drug in widespread use for the reduction of gastric acid production. "	( Enantioselective quantification of omeprazole and its main metabolites in human serum by chiral HPLC-atmospheric pressure photoionization tandem mass spectrometry. Bode-Böger, SM; Malfertheiner, P; Martens-Lobenhoffer, J; Mönkemüller, K; Reiche, I; Tröger, U, 2007)	2.06
"Omeprazole is a proton-pump inhibitor that acts to reduce acid secretion in the stomach and is used for treating various acid-related gastrointestinal disorders. "	( Bioavailability of two single-dose oral formulations of omeprazole 20 mg: an open-label, randomized sequence, two-period crossover comparison in healthy Mexican adult volunteers. Burke-Fraga, V; de Lago, A; Galán, JF; González-de la Parra, M; Jiménez, P; Namur, S; Oliva, I; Poo, JL; Rosete, A, 2008)	2.03
"Omeprazole is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion (GAS). "	( Omeprazole, a long-lasting inhibitor of gastric secretion. Larson, GM; Sullivan, HW, 1984)	3.15
"Omeprazole is a highly effective antisecretory compound without any effect on the basal hormone levels tested."	( [4 weeks' administration of omeprazole: effect on acid behavior and basal hormone levels]. Dammann, HG; Feurle, G; Huefner, M; Lichtwald, K; Müller, P; Schmidt-Gayk, H; Seitz, HK; Simon, B, 1984)	1.28
"Omeprazole is an acid-accumulated, acid-activated, prodrug that binds covalently to two cysteine residues at positions 813 (or 822) and 892, accessible from the acidic face of the pump."	( Gastric acid secretion: activation and inhibition. Bamberg, K; Besancon, M; Loo, D; Prinz, C; Sachs, G; Shin, JM, )	0.85
"Omeprazole is a potent antisecretory drug that acts by inhibiting the gastric proton pump. "	( Omeprazole administration does not impair gastrointestinal mucosal perfusion, oxygenation, and hexosamine generation. Ikegami, M; Iwao, T; Shigemori, H; Tanikawa, K; Toyonaga, A, 1995)	3.18
"Omeprazole is a powerful inhibitor of gastric acid and may suppress Helicobacter pylori by effecting the pKa of H pylori urease, by altering the pattern of infection, or by promoting overgrowth of other bacteria. "	( Changes in the intragastric distribution of Helicobacter pylori during treatment with omeprazole. Baron, JH; Gummett, PA; Karim, QN; Logan, RP; Misiewicz, JJ; Walker, MM, 1995)	1.96
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor of increasingly wide use in the treatment of peptic ulcers. "	( Lack of evidence of omeprazole genotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Brambilla, G; Ghia, M; Martelli, A; Mereto, E, 1993)	2.05
"Omeprazole is an inhibitor of gastric H+,K(+)-ATPase. "	( Effect of omeprazole, an inhibitor of H+,K(+)-ATPase, on bone resorption in humans. Abe, K; Furukawa, Y; Katano, K; Mizunashi, K, 1993)	2.13
"Omeprazole is a substituted benzimidazole that has gained widespread use in the treatment of acidic and peptic ulcer disease. "	( Angioedema and urticaria associated with omeprazole confirmed by drug rechallenge. Bowlby, HA; Dickens, GR, )	1.84
"Omeprazole is an effective drug for treating active peptic ulcer, whereas tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate can prevent ulcer relapse if Helicobacter pylori is eradicated. "	( Omeprazole-induced increase in the absorption of bismuth from tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate. Klotz, U; Treiber, G; Walker, S, 1994)	3.17
"Omeprazole is a specific inhibitor in vivo of the functioning gastric acid pump, the H(+)-K(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase), in the secretory canaliculus of the parietal cell. "	( Role of histamine2 receptor in increased expression of rat gastric H(+)-K(+)-ATPase alpha-subunit induced by omeprazole. Haruma, K; Kajiyama, G; Sachs, G; Sumii, K; Sumii, M; Takehara, Y; Tari, A; Walsh, JH; Wu, V; Yamamoto, G, 1993)	1.94
"Omeprazole is an antagonist to the H+K+ ATPase of the gastric parietal cell. "	( Electrolyte disturbance with omeprazole therapy. Matthew, D; Melville, C; Milla, P; Shah, A, 1994)	2.02
"Omeprazole is a member of a new class of substituted benzimidazoles. "	( Omeprazole: a comprehensive review. Destache, CJ; Massoomi, F; Savage, J, )	3.02
"Omeprazole is a safe and specific probe of the CYP2C19 enzyme system that correlates well with genotype."	( Determination of CYP2C19 phenotype in black Americans with omeprazole: correlation with genotype. Balian, JD; Daus, JC; Flockhart, DA; Foxworth, JW; Marinac, JS; Owen, R; Willsie, SK, 1996)	1.26
"Omeprazole (OP) is a potent antiulcer drug that is metabolized by liver cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes. "	( Human CYP2C19 is a major omeprazole 5-hydroxylase, as demonstrated with recombinant cytochrome P450 enzymes. Ghanayem, BI; Goldstein, JA; Karam, WG; Lasker, JM, 1996)	2.04
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor widely used for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. "	( Omeprazole-induced acute interstitial nephritis. d'Adamo, G; Forte, F; Gangeri, F; Spinelli, C, 1997)	3.18
"Omeprazole is an effective agent for gastroduodenal prophylaxis in patients taking NSAIDs. "	( Primary gastroduodenal prophylaxis with omeprazole for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug users. Bardhan, KD; Cullen, D; Eisner, M; Hawkey, CJ; Kogut, DG; Peacock, RA; Thomson, JM, 1998)	2.01
"Omeprazole is a well studied proton pump inhibitor that reduces gastric acid secretion. "	( Omeprazole. A review of its use in Helicobacter pylori infection, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcers induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Langtry, HD; Wilde, MI, 1998)	3.19
"Omeprazole is a well studied and well tolerated agent effective in adults or children as a component in regimens aimed at eradicating H. "	( Omeprazole. A review of its use in Helicobacter pylori infection, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcers induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Langtry, HD; Wilde, MI, 1998)	3.19
"Omeprazole is a non-competitive inhibitor of the parietal cell enzyme H+-K--adenosine triphosphatase. "	( Anaphylaxis to omeprazole. Borja, J; Cabrera, M; Feo, F; Galindo, PA; García, R; Gómez, E; Martínez, C, 1999)	2.1
"Omeprazole is an inducer of human cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) enzymes, but shows inhibitory effects on CYP2C19 and CYP3A4. "	( Omeprazole weakly inhibits CYP1A2 activity in man. Bohnemeier, H; Brockmöller, J; Fuhr, U; Roots, I; Rost, KL; Thomsen, T; Zaigler, M, 1999)	3.19
"Esomeprazole (Nexium) is a new proton pump inhibitor for the treatment of acid-related diseases."	( Esomeprazole provides improved acid control vs. omeprazole In patients with symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Andersson, T; Hasselgren, G; Holmberg, J; Jonsson, A; Kylebäck, A; Lind, T; Röhss, K; Rydberg, L, 2000)	1.75
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor widely used in the treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcer disease. "	( Reversible renal failure after treatment with omeprazole. Post, AT; Voorhorst, G; Zanen, AL, 2000)	2.01
"Omeprazole is an antisecretory drug used against gastric ulcers. "	( Adsorption of omeprazole on latex particles and characterization of the complex. Gallardo, V; Parera, A; Reyes, I; Ruiz, MA, 2000)	2.11
"Omeprazole is a valuable therapeutic instrument to detect and treat patients with GERD in general practice."	( High dose proton pump inhibitor response as an initial strategy for a clinical diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Swedish multi-centre group in primary health care. Brun, J; Sörngård, H, 2000)	1.03
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor of increasingly wide application in the treatment of different gastroenterological diseases. "	( Level of malondialdehyde after short-time omeprazole administration. Burak, B; Burdan, F; Sek, A, )	1.84
"Omeprazole is an effective long-term drug for gastroesophageal reflux disease after failed fundoplication in children. "	( Omeprazole maintenance therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease after failure of fundoplication. Blair, GK; Israel, DM; Pashankar, D, 2001)	3.2
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor, acting selectively on the gastric parietal cell H+K+-adenosine triphosphatase. "	( Intravenous omeprazole in children: pharmacokinetics and effect on 24-hour intragastric pH. Faure, C; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Michaud, L; Navarro, J; Popon, M; Shaghaghi, EK; Turck, D, 2001)	2.13
"Esomeprazole is a new proton pump inhibitor, which has been compared to omeprazole for the treatment of reflux oesophagitis in clinical trials."	( Systematic review of proton pump inhibitors for the acute treatment of reflux oesophagitis. Edwards, SJ; Lind, T; Lundell, L, 2001)	1.03
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that is used commonly in the treatment of acid-peptic disorders. "	( Acute interstitial nephritis due to omeprazole. Hollomby, DJ; McLaughlin, K; Myers, RP, 2001)	2.03
"Omeprazole is a potent proton pump inhibitor and usually is well tolerated. "	( Cutaneous leucocytoclastic vasculitis associated with omeprazole. Lurie, M; Odeh, M; Oliven, A, 2002)	2.01
"Omeprazole is an inhibitor of the H+K+ ATPase of the gastric parietal cell, which is used clinically to suppress gastric acid secretion. "	( Effect of omeprazole-induced achlorhydria on trefoil peptide expression in the rat stomach. Alderman, BM; Cook, GA; Giraud, AS; Kang, B; Nicoll, AJ, 2001)	2.16
"Esomeprazole is a new PPI and is the S-isomer of racemic omeprazole. "	( Esomeprazole for acid peptic disorders. Kale-Pradhan, PB; Landry, HK; Sypula, WT, 2002)	1.76
"Esomeprazole is a safe and effective PPI. "	( Esomeprazole for acid peptic disorders. Kale-Pradhan, PB; Landry, HK; Sypula, WT, 2002)	1.76
"Esomeprazole is an effective and well tolerated treatment for managing GORD and for eradicating H. "	( Esomeprazole: a review of its use in the management of acid-related disorders in the US. Dunn, CJ; Mallarkey, G; Scott, LJ; Sharpe, M, 2002)	1.76
"Omeprazole is a benzimidazole compound that acts as a proton-pump inhibitor. "	( Determination of omeprazole and its metabolites in human plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Kanazawa, H; Mashige, F; Matsushima, Y; Nakahara, K; Okada, A; Okubo, S; Yokota, H, 2002)	2.1
"Esomeprazole is an effective, well tolerated treatment for managing GORD and for eradicating H. "	( Esomeprazole: a review of its use in the management of acid-related disorders. Dunn, CJ; Mallarkey, G; Scott, LJ; Sharpe, M, 2002)	1.76
"Omeprazole is a benzimidazole derivative which induces both P450 1A1 and 1A2 in human liver in vitro and in vivo. "	( Omeprazole, an inducer of human CYP1A1 and 1A2, is not a ligand for the Ah receptor. Daujat, M; Domergue, J; Fourtanier, G; Lesca, P; Maurel, P; Peryt, B, 1992)	3.17
"Omeprazole is a drug for short term use in patients with acid-peptic disease."	( [Omeprazole and liver functions]. Sauvet, P; Schouler, L, )	1.76
"Omeprazole is a weak base that reaches the parietal cell through the bloodstream, diffuses through the cytoplasm, and becomes activated and trapped as a sulfenamide in the acidic canaliculus of the parietal cell."	( Control of gastric acid secretion. Histamine H2-receptor antagonists and H+K(+)-ATPase inhibitors. Schubert, ML; Shamburek, RD, 1992)	1
"Omeprazole is an effective inhibitor of gastric acid secretion through inhibition of the parietal cell H+K+ATPase."	( A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of omeprazole on urinary pH in healthy subjects. Osther, PJ; Pedersen, SA; Rasmussen, L, 1992)	1.27
"Omeprazole (OPZ) is a proton pump inhibitor in gastric parietal cells. "	( Simultaneous determination of omeprazole and its metabolites in plasma and urine by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with an alkaline-resistant polymer-coated C18 column. Chiba, K; Ishizaki, T; Kato, Y; Kobayashi, K; Sohn, DR, 1992)	2.01
"Omeprazole is a substituted benzimidazole that causes dose-dependent intracellular inhibition of gastric acid secretion in humans. "	( Single-dose oral omeprazole for reduction of gastric residual acidity in adults for outpatient surgery. Haskins, DA; Jahr, JS; Ramadhyani, U; Texidor, M, 1992)	2.07
"Omeprazole is a new hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphatase antagonist with indications for severe reflux esophagitis and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. "	( Fulminant hepatic failure related to omeprazole. Brogan, M; Cook-Glenn, C; Greenson, J; Jochem, V; Kirkpatrick, R; Sturgis, T, 1992)	2
"Omeprazole is a potent, highly specific, and clinically efficacious anti-secretory agent. "	( Experience with omeprazole in erosive oesophagitis. Decktor, DL; Robinson, MG, 1991)	2.07
"Omeprazole is a potent and effective antisecretory drug. "	( Omeprazole. Langman, MJ, 1991)	3.17
"Omeprazole is a powerful inhibitor of gastric acid secretion."	( Omeprazole. Overview and opinion. Holt, S; Howden, CW, 1991)	2.45
"Omeprazole is a specific inhibitor of H+,K(+)-ATPase or 'proton pump' in parietal cells. "	( Clinical pharmacology of omeprazole. Howden, CW, 1991)	2.03
"Omeprazole is a new drug used for its high efficiency as an inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. "	( Omeprazole is an aryl hydrocarbon-like inducer of human hepatic cytochrome P450. Bories, P; Daujat, M; Diaz, D; Fabre, I; Maurel, P; Michel, H; Saint Aubert, B, 1990)	3.16
"2. Omeprazole is an antagonist of the proton pump of the acid-producing cell of the human stomach."	( [Current perspectives in ulcer disease]. Beglinger, C, 1990)	0.79
"Omeprazole is a very potent and long-acting inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. "	( Omeprazole in the treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and histamine H2-antagonist refractory ulcers. Jansen, JB; Lamers, CB; Meijer, JL, 1989)	3.16
"Omeprazole is a valuable alternative in modern treatment of gastric ulcer, being superior to histamine H2-receptor antagonists."	( Omeprazole in the acute treatment of gastric ulcer. Classen, M; Schepp, W, 1989)	2.44
"Omeprazole is a highly effective treatment for erosive/ulcerative peptic oesophagitis, 40 mg daily being marginally superior to 20 mg."	( Evaluation of omeprazole in reflux oesophagitis. Dent, J; Hetzel, DJ; MacKinnon, MA; Narielvala, FM; Reed, WD, 1989)	1.36
"Omeprazole is a very potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and has proven to be efficacious in the healing of peptic ulcer and reflux oesophagitis. "	( Safety profile of omeprazole. Adverse events with short-term treatment. Nelis, GF, 1989)	2.05
"Omeprazole is a prodrug which is converted to its active form only at the site of action, namely the parietal cell. "	( Omeprazole: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and interactions. Jonkman, JH; Oosterhuis, B, 1989)	3.16
"Omeprazole is a substituted benzimidazole which inhibits profoundly and long-lasting human acid secretion. "	( [Omeprazole in the therapy of acid-induced diseases]. Dammann, HG; Müller, P; Simon, B, 1987)	2.63
"Omeprazole (OME) is a novel acid secretion inhibitor, believed to act directly on the gastric proton pump, the (H+ + K+)-ATPase. "	( The specificity of omeprazole as an (H+ + K+)-ATPase inhibitor depends upon the means of its activation. Fallowfield, C; Keeling, DJ; Underwood, AH, 1987)	2.04
"Omeprazole is a highly effective treatment for peptic esophagitis."	( Healing and relapse of severe peptic esophagitis after treatment with omeprazole. Beveridge, BR; Dent, J; Gibson, GG; Hetzel, DJ; Laurence, BH; Mackinnon, M; McCarthy, JH; Mitchell, B; Narielvala, FM; Reed, WD, 1988)	1.23
"Omeprazole is an efficient treatment for patients with prepyloric gastric ulcers."	( Effect of omeprazole and cimetidine on prepyloric gastric ulcer: double blind comparative trial. Astrup, L; Bendtsen, F; Bytzer, P; Havelund, T; Lauritsen, K; Laursen, LS; Linde, J; Olsen, JH; Rune, SJ; Wulff, HR, 1988)	1.4
"Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor which induces a dose-dependent reduction of gastric acid secretion. "	( [Comparative efficacy of omeprazole and cimetidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer in the acute stage. A French multicenter, controlled therapeutic trial]. Bader, JP; Bigard, MA; Ebrard, F; Galmiche, JP; Isal, JP, 1987)	2.02
"Omeprazole is a potent and long-acting inhibitor of pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion in normal subjects, and this prompted a study of the effect of omeprazole on gastric acid hypersecretion and acid peptic disease resulting from endogenous hypergastrinaemia in Zollinger-Ellison patients."	( Present experiences with omeprazole in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Lamers, CB, 1986)	1.3
"Omeprazole is a long acting inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in different species including rat and dog. "	( Pharmacology and toxicology of omeprazole--with special reference to the effects on the gastric mucosa. Carlsson, E; Larsson, H; Mattsson, H; Ryberg, B; Sundell, G, 1986)	2
"Omeprazole is a substituted benzimidazole derivative which markedly inhibits basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion. "	( Omeprazole. A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in peptic ulcer disease and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Campoli-Richards, DM; Clissold, SP, 1986)	3.16
"Omeprazole is a substituted benzimidazole which blocks gastric acid secretion by inhibiting H+K+ATPase. "	( Localization of omeprazole and metabolites in the mouse. Helander, HF; Ramsay, CH; Regårdh, CG, 1985)	2.06
"Omeprazole is a highly effective inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome."	( Omeprazole: effective, convenient therapy for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Cherner, JA; Ciarleglio, CA; Collen, MJ; Cornelius, MJ; Gardner, JD; Howard, JM; Jensen, RT; Maton, PN; McArthur, KE, 1985)	2.43

Effects

Omeprazole has a cytostatic effect on one of three colorectal cancer cell lines. The mechanism for this effect of omeprazol and its potential role in treatment awaits elucidation. A relatively low dose (0.6 mg/kg per day) appears to be optimal in most patients.

Omeprazole has a lethal effect over some cancer cells, and cell death is a key process in kidney disease. It can increase gastric mucosal blood flow and related to many factors.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Omeprazole has a lethal effect over some cancer cells, and cell death is a key process in kidney disease."	( Molecular pathways driving omeprazole nephrotoxicity. Cardenas-Villacres, D; Carrasco, S; Fontecha-Barriuso, M; Martín-Sanchez, D; Martinez-Moreno, JM; Ortiz, A; Ruiz-Ortega, M; Sanchez-Niño, MD; Sanz, AB, 2020)	1.58
"Omeprazole, which has a free terminal secondary amino group, reacted with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1, 3-diazole (NBD-Cl) by a nucleophilic substitution mechanism to form a highly fluorescent dark yellow fluorophore."	( Application of different spectrofluorimetric approaches for quantitative determination of acetylsalicylic acid and omeprazole in recently approved pharmaceutical preparation and human plasma. Abdelazim, AH; Almrasy, AA; El-Olemy, A; Hasan, MA; Madkour, AW; Ramzy, S; Shahin, M, 2021)	1.55
"Omeprazole has an important protective effect on gastric mucosal and it can increase gastric mucosal blood flow and related to many factors."	( Protective effect of omeprazole on gastric mucosal of cirrhotic portal hypertension rats. Cai, CJ; Gao, JL; Gao, W; Hao, LJ; Li, HY; Si, YL; Wang, LX; Zheng, RJ, 2014)	2.16
"Esomeprazole has a good tolerability profile and a low potential for drug interaction."	( The pharmacology of esomeprazole and its role in gastric acid related diseases. Saccar, CL, 2009)	1.23
"Esomeprazole has an improved pharmacokinetic profile, resulting in increased systemic exposure and less interindividual variability compared with omeprazole, and more effective suppression of gastric acid production compared with other proton pump inhibitors."	( Review of esomeprazole in the treatment of acid disorders. Johnson, DA, 2003)	1.26
"Omeprazole has a potential to decrease FDG uptake rate in a limited part of the GI tract."	( Gastrointestinal uptake of FDG after N-butylscopolamine or omeprazole treatment in the rat. Asaka, M; Nakada, K; Satoh, M; Tamaki, N; Yamamoto, F; Zhao, S, 2004)	1.29
"Omeprazole has a cytostatic effect on one of three colorectal cancer cell lines but the mechanism for this effect of omeprazole and its potential role in treatment awaits elucidation."	( Omeprazole inhibits growth of cancer cell line of colonic origin. Chintalapani, S; Goo, R; Luk, G; Lundqvist, M; Maliakkal, B; Oberg, K; Reddy, J; Tobi, M, 1995)	2.46
"Omeprazole has a potent antisecretory effect and is a suitable alternative for short-term treatment of refractory acid-related diseases; a relatively low dose (0.6 mg/kg per day) appears to be optimal in most patients. "	( Effect of omeprazole in the treatment of refractory acid-related diseases in childhood: endoscopic healing and twenty-four-hour intragastric acidity. Chiba, H; Ebina, K; Fujii, K; Kato, S; Nakagawa, H, 1996)	2.14
"Omeprazole has a strong inhibitory effect on H."	( Effect of omeprazole on Helicobacter pylori urease activity in vivo. Domínguez-Muñoz, JE; Kalhori, N; Malfertheiner, P; Sauerbruch, T; Stoschus, B, 1996)	1.42
"Omeprazole has a greater intragastric pH elevating effect in Helicobacter pylori positive than negative subjects. "	( Helicobacter pylori infection potentiates the inhibition of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole. Ardill, JE; Gillen, D; McColl, KE; Neithercut, WD; Wirz, AA, 1999)	1.97
"Omeprazole has a particularly flat dose response curve, making it difficult to differentiate pH or clinical effects of 20 vs."	( Drugs, bugs, and esophageal pH profiles. Robinson, M, )	0.85
"Omeprazole, which has a long duration of action and is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, has simplified management."	( Role of acid suppressants in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Maton, PN, 1991)	1
"Omeprazole has a simple treatment regimen: 20 mg once daily is recommended in the routine treatment of DU, GU and RO."	( Treatment of acid-related disorders with gastric acid inhibitors: the state of the art. Blum, AL, 1990)	1
"Omeprazole has a marked effect on the duration and the degree of inhibition of intragastric acidity which is dose-dependent."	( Relationship between inhibition of acid secretion and healing of peptic ulcers. Chiverton, SG; Hunt, RH, 1989)	1
"Omeprazole has an anti-ulcerogenic effect and protects rat gastric mucosa against drug-induced damage in vivo. "	( Protection of gastric epithelial cell monolayers from a human cell line by omeprazole in vitro. Ivey, KJ; Razandi, M; Romano, M, 1989)	1.95
"Omeprazole has a low water solubility and is chemically labile in an acid environment. "	( Development of an oral formulation of omeprazole. Cederberg, C; Pilbrant, A, 1985)	1.98
"Omeprazole has a lethal effect over some cancer cells, and cell death is a key process in kidney disease."	( Molecular pathways driving omeprazole nephrotoxicity. Cardenas-Villacres, D; Carrasco, S; Fontecha-Barriuso, M; Martín-Sanchez, D; Martinez-Moreno, JM; Ortiz, A; Ruiz-Ortega, M; Sanchez-Niño, MD; Sanz, AB, 2020)	1.58
"Omeprazole has been shown to increase P2Y"	( Omeprazole-clopidogrel interaction and neurovascular complications after flow-diverter device placement. Albuquerque, FC; Baranoski, JF; Catapano, JS; Cole, TS; Ducruet, AF; Fredrickson, VL; Lundberg, JN; Rahmani, R; Rutledge, C; Srinivasan, VM; Wakim, AA, 2022)	2.89
"Omeprazole, which has a free terminal secondary amino group, reacted with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1, 3-diazole (NBD-Cl) by a nucleophilic substitution mechanism to form a highly fluorescent dark yellow fluorophore."	( Application of different spectrofluorimetric approaches for quantitative determination of acetylsalicylic acid and omeprazole in recently approved pharmaceutical preparation and human plasma. Abdelazim, AH; Almrasy, AA; El-Olemy, A; Hasan, MA; Madkour, AW; Ramzy, S; Shahin, M, 2021)	1.55
"Omeprazole has (R)- and (S)-enantiomers, which exhibit different pharmacokinetics (PK) among patients with cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 genotype groups. "	( The (R)-omeprazole hydroxylation index reflects CYP2C19 activity in healthy Japanese volunteers. Akamine, Y; Shiohira, H; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yamada, S; Yasui-Furukori, N, 2013)	2.27
"Omeprazole has an important protective effect on gastric mucosal and it can increase gastric mucosal blood flow and related to many factors."	( Protective effect of omeprazole on gastric mucosal of cirrhotic portal hypertension rats. Cai, CJ; Gao, JL; Gao, W; Hao, LJ; Li, HY; Si, YL; Wang, LX; Zheng, RJ, 2014)	2.16
"Omeprazole has been shown to significantly reduce these events without compromising cardiovascular safety in patients treated with dual anti-platelet therapy."	( The effects of proton pump inhibition on patient-reported severity of dyspepsia when receiving dual anti-platelet therapy with clopidogrel and low-dose aspirin: analysis from the Clopidogrel and the Optimization of Gastrointestinal Events Trial. Bhatt, DL; Cannon, CP; Cohen, M; Cryer, BL; Doros, G; Goldsmith, MA; Laine, L; Lanas, A; Lapuerta, P; Liu, Y; McIntosh, AI; Schnitzer, TJ; Vardi, M, 2015)	1.14
"Oral omeprazole has consequently been recommended to reduce CSF production in dogs with conditions in which clinical signs may be attributable to an accumulation of CSF in the central nervous system (e.g."	( Evaluation of the effect of oral omeprazole on canine cerebrospinal fluid production: A pilot study. Allerton, F; de Marchin, J; Girod, M; Gommeren, K; Peeters, D; Ramery, E; Tutunaru, AC; Van Soens, I, 2016)	1.17
"S-Omeprazole has been developed as a single enantiomer medicine, which has been reported not to be associated with polymorphic human P450 2C19 phenotypes."	( Oxidation of R- and S-omeprazole stereoselectively mediated by liver microsomal cytochrome P450 2C19 enzymes from cynomolgus monkeys and common marmosets. Inoue, T; Kawano, M; Murayama, N; Sasaki, E; Uehara, S; Uno, Y; Utoh, M; Yamazaki, H, 2016)	1.31
"Esomeprazole has a good tolerability profile and a low potential for drug interaction."	( The pharmacology of esomeprazole and its role in gastric acid related diseases. Saccar, CL, 2009)	1.23
"Omeprazole has recently been described as a modulator of tumour chemoresistance, although its underlying molecular mechanisms remain controversial. "	( Omeprazole inhibits proliferation and modulates autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells. Ellinger, S; Henne-Bruns, D; Klapperstueck, T; Knippschild, U; Kreyes, A; Landfester, K; Udelnow, A; Walther, P; Wohlrab, J; Würl, P, 2011)	3.25
"Omeprazole, a PPI, has been reported to weaken the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel."	( Effects of PPIs and an H2 blocker on the antiplatelet function of clopidogrel in Japanese patients under dual antiplatelet therapy. Horiuchi, H; Ikeda, T; Imai, M; Jinnai, T; Kato, Y; Kimura, T; Makiyama, T; Shirakawa, R; Tada, T; Tazaki, J; Yamane, K, 2012)	1.1
"Esomeprazole has FDA-approved labeling for use in the treatment of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), including healing and maintenance of healing of erosive esophagitis and as part of a triple-drug regimen for Helicobocter pylori infection."	( Esomeprazole: a clinical review. Hedge, DD; Johnson, TJ, 2002)	1.59
"Esomeprazole has an improved pharmacokinetic profile, resulting in increased systemic exposure and less interindividual variability compared with omeprazole, and more effective suppression of gastric acid production compared with other proton pump inhibitors."	( Review of esomeprazole in the treatment of acid disorders. Johnson, DA, 2003)	1.26
"Esomeprazole has higher and more consistent bio-availability than omeprazole, which results in a greater area under the plasma concentration-time curve."	( Review article: Esomeprazole--enhanced bio-availability, specificity for the proton pump and inhibition of acid secretion. Andersson, T; Carlsson, E; Fryklund, J; Keeling, D; Lindberg, P; Lundborg, P, 2003)	1.21
"Omeprazole has been used as a drug probe for CYP2C19, but no systematic data are available for Mexican populations. "	( CYP2C19- and CYP3A4-dependent omeprazole metabolism in West Mexicans. de J Chávez, T; Escobar-Islas, E; Gonzalez, HM; Hoyo-Vadillo, C; Lozano, F; Peregrina, AA; Romero, EM, 2003)	2.05
"Esomeprazole has been studied clinically for a variety of acid-related conditions, showing that the compound is as well tolerated and more effective with regard to healing and symptom relief than the recommended treatment with omeprazole."	( Single-isomer drugs: true therapeutic advances. Andersson, T, 2004)	0.88
"Omeprazole has the same inhibitory effect on T."	( Pyruvate decarboxylase, the target for omeprazole in metronidazole-resistant and iron-restricted Tritrichomonas foetus. Hrdý, I; Kulda, J; Sutak, R; Tachezy, J, 2004)	1.31
"Esomeprazole has higher oral bioavailability and increased antimicrobial activity against Helicobacter pylori than omeprazole."	( Esomeprazole versus omeprazole for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: results of a randomized controlled study. Anagnostopoulos, GK; Arvanitidis, D; Kostopoulos, P; Margantinis, G; Tsiakos, S, 2004)	1.77
"Omeprazole has a potential to decrease FDG uptake rate in a limited part of the GI tract."	( Gastrointestinal uptake of FDG after N-butylscopolamine or omeprazole treatment in the rat. Asaka, M; Nakada, K; Satoh, M; Tamaki, N; Yamamoto, F; Zhao, S, 2004)	1.29
"Esomeprazole has been shown to be more effective than lansoprazole in relieving GORD symptoms, and esomeprazole and pantoprazole appear to be equally effective in resolving GORD symptoms in a comparative study."	( Night-time gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: prevalence, hazards, and management. Orr, WC, 2005)	0.89
"Omeprazole has significantly elevated the expression level of COX-2 protein, PGE2 level (19.37%), and decreased myeloperoxidase activity (81.92%), thereby causing the most effective ulcer healing (89.74%)."	( Cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 production in experimental chronic gastric ulcer healing. Gautam, P; Poonam, D; Vinay, CS, 2005)	1.05
"Omeprazole has been associated with multiple adverse effects including skin reactions but, to date, cutaneous hyperpigmentation has not been described as an adverse effect of this drug."	( Cutaneous hyperpigmentation induced by omeprazole mimicking ashy dermatosis. Alcolea-Rubio, LA; Ibarra-Berrocal, IJ; Martínez-Barba, E; Martínez-Escribano, JA; Ramírez-Hernández, M, 2006)	2.05
"Omeprazole has been determined in formulations and biological fluids by a variety of methods such as spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry."	( Analytical methodologies for the determination of omeprazole: an overview. Bosch Ojeda, C; Espinosa Bosch, M; Ruiz Sánchez, AJ; Sánchez Rojas, F, 2007)	1.31
"Omeprazole has previously been shown to be a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in man. "	( Omeprazole, a gastric 'proton pump inhibitor': lack of effect on renal handling of electrolytes and urinary acidification. Howden, CW; Reid, JL, 1984)	3.15
"Omeprazole (OM) has been shown to be superior to H2-Blockers in terms of complete healing rates of gastric (GU) and duodenal ulcers (DU). "	( [Treatment of acute peptic gastroduodenal ulcer: omeprazole is superior to ranitidine especially in the early phase of ulcer healing. A prospective controlled randomized serial endoscopy study]. Guthke, A; Hotz, J; Kark, W; Otten, O; Plein, K; Wiedbrauck, F, 1995)	1.99
"Omeprazole has a cytostatic effect on one of three colorectal cancer cell lines but the mechanism for this effect of omeprazole and its potential role in treatment awaits elucidation."	( Omeprazole inhibits growth of cancer cell line of colonic origin. Chintalapani, S; Goo, R; Luk, G; Lundqvist, M; Maliakkal, B; Oberg, K; Reddy, J; Tobi, M, 1995)	2.46
"Omeprazole has been shown to have a good long-term safety profile, as evaluated in these trials."	( Long-term treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease with omeprazole. Lundell, L, 1994)	1.25
"Omeprazole has been reported to increase cytochrome P450IA2 (CYP1A2) activity in vitro, but whether this effect also occurs in vivo is controversial. "	( Omeprazole does not enhance the metabolism of phenacetin, a marker of CYP1A2 activity, in healthy volunteers. Bartoli, A; Cipolla, G; Crema, F; Gatti, G; Perucca, E; Xiaodong, S, 1994)	3.17
"Omeprazole has been marketed in France since 1989, for the healing of peptic ulcers, erosive reflux esophagitis and the Zollinger Ellison syndrome. "	( [Evaluation of unexpected and toxic effects of omeprazole (Mopral) reported to the regional centers of pharmacovigilance during the first 22 postmarketing months]. Bidault, I; Castot, A; Dahan, R; Efthymiou, ML, )	1.83
"Omeprazole has previously been shown to induce hepatic cytochrome P4501A2 activity, as evidenced by an accelerated N-3-demethylation in the 13C-[N-3-methyl]-caffeine breath test. "	( Accelerated caffeine metabolism after omeprazole treatment is indicated by urinary metabolite ratios: coincidence with plasma clearance and breath test. Roots, I; Rost, KL, 1994)	2
"Omeprazole has been investigated for the treatment of gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux, and various hypersecretory states."	( Omeprazole: a comprehensive review. Destache, CJ; Massoomi, F; Savage, J, )	2.3
"Omeprazole has been marketed successfully after a prolonged development phase characterized by difficult problems with the toxicity studies."	( Problems with toxicity studies in the assessment of new drugs. Werkö, L, 1993)	1.01
"Omeprazole has a potent antisecretory effect and is a suitable alternative for short-term treatment of refractory acid-related diseases; a relatively low dose (0.6 mg/kg per day) appears to be optimal in most patients. "	( Effect of omeprazole in the treatment of refractory acid-related diseases in childhood: endoscopic healing and twenty-four-hour intragastric acidity. Chiba, H; Ebina, K; Fujii, K; Kato, S; Nakagawa, H, 1996)	2.14
"Omeprazole has been shown to have a suppressive effect on Helicobacter pylori. "	( Prolonged treatment with omeprazole does not improve the eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori infection--a short report [corrected]. Anderson, PE; Goh, KL; Parasakthi, N; Peh, SC; Tan, KK, 1995)	2.04
"Omeprazole has a strong inhibitory effect on H."	( Effect of omeprazole on Helicobacter pylori urease activity in vivo. Domínguez-Muñoz, JE; Kalhori, N; Malfertheiner, P; Sauerbruch, T; Stoschus, B, 1996)	1.42
"Omeprazole has shown remarkable efficacy and safety in the treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); similarly, laparoscopic techniques have allowed less morbidity in patients undergoing fundoplication procedures. "	( Choice of long-term strategy for the management of patients with severe esophagitis: a cost-utility analysis. Centor, RM; Heudebert, GR; Marks, R; Wilcox, CM, 1997)	1.74
"Omeprazole has been shown previously to be metabolized by the two cytochrome P450 isoforms CYP2C19 (hydroxylation) and CYP3A4 (sulphoxidation). "	( Carbamazepine treatment induces the CYP3A4 catalysed sulphoxidation of omeprazole, but has no or less effect on hydroxylation via CYP2C19. Bertilsson, L; Chang, M; Tomson, T; Tybring, G; Widén, J, 1997)	1.97
"Omeprazole has the potential to mask other disorders such as peptic ulcer disease, thereby delaying appropriate testing for and eradication of Helicobacter pylori."	( Value of a therapeutic trial to diagnose gastroesophageal reflux disease: step up versus step down therapy. Da Costa, LR, 1997)	1.02
"Omeprazole has been used with increasing frequency for the treatment of conditions such as reflux oesophagitis, peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. "	( Omeprazole and the development of acute hepatitis. Koury, SI; La Charité, DD; Stone, CK, 1998)	3.19
"Omeprazole has a greater intragastric pH elevating effect in Helicobacter pylori positive than negative subjects. "	( Helicobacter pylori infection potentiates the inhibition of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole. Ardill, JE; Gillen, D; McColl, KE; Neithercut, WD; Wirz, AA, 1999)	1.97
"Omeprazole has been marketed in France since 1989, for the healing of peptic ulcers, erosive reflux oesophagitis, and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. "	( Omeprazole-induced leukopenia. A case report. Brunet, C; Dehee, D; Dine, T; Gressier, B; Luyckx, MM; Martin, P; Membré, S; Moulron, S; Odou, P; Tamiji, L, 1999)	3.19
"Omeprazole has been shown to promote healing of spontaneously occurring gastric ulcers in horses when administered for 28 days at a dose of 4 mg/kg bwt/day and to prevent recurrence of ulcers in almost all horses when treatment is continued at a dose of at least 2 mg/kg bwt/day. "	( Safety of omeprazole paste in foals and mature horses. Attebery, DK; Cox, JL; Daurio, C; Plue, RE; Wall, HG; Wallace, DH, 1999)	2.15
"Omeprazole has a particularly flat dose response curve, making it difficult to differentiate pH or clinical effects of 20 vs."	( Drugs, bugs, and esophageal pH profiles. Robinson, M, )	0.85
"Omeprazole has become available in a tablet formulation, a Multiple Unit Pellet System (MUPS) containing a large number of small individually enteric-coated micropellets."	( Pharmacodynamics and kinetics of omeprazole MUPS 20 mg and pantoprazole 40 mg during repeated oral administration in Helicobacter pylori-negative subjects. Geus, WP; Lamers, CB; Mathôt, RA; Mulder, PG, 2000)	2.03
"Esomeprazole has significantly higher oral bioavailability than omeprazole, resulting in greater acid suppression."	( Esomeprazole, a new proton pump inhibitor: pharmacological characteristics and clinical efficacy. Talley, NJ; Thitiphuree, S, 2000)	1.59
"Omeprazole has been shown to be effective in the treatment of acid-related diseases. "	( A review of omeprazole use in the treatment of acid-related disorders in children. Katona, BG; Levine, D; Souney, PE; Walters, JK; Zimmermann, AE, 2001)	2.13
"Omeprazole has long been used as an effective agent to treat peptic ulcer. "	( Anticonvulsant activity of omeprazole in rats. Balakrishnan, S; Bhargava, VK; Pandhi, P, 2001)	2.05
"Esomeprazole has demonstrated higher healing rates than omeprazole at 4 and 8 weeks. "	( Systematic review of proton pump inhibitors for the acute treatment of reflux oesophagitis. Edwards, SJ; Lind, T; Lundell, L, 2001)	1.03
"Esomeprazole has demonstrated acid control comparable to that of the other PPIs currently available."	( Esomeprazole for acid peptic disorders. Kale-Pradhan, PB; Landry, HK; Sypula, WT, 2002)	1.59
"Omeprazole has been shown to induce cytochrome P450IA1 and P450IA2 activity in vitro. "	( Increase of cytochrome P450IA2 activity by omeprazole: evidence by the 13C-[N-3-methyl]-caffeine breath test in poor and extensive metabolizers of S-mephenytoin. Brockmöller, J; Brösicke, H; Helge, H; Roots, I; Rost, KL; Scheffler, M, 1992)	1.99
"Omeprazole has been used successfully in the treatment of reflux esophagitis and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in the United States over the past year and has received approval recently as first-line therapy for duodenal ulcer disease."	( Proton-pump inhibition for acid-related disease. Holt, S, 1991)	1
"Omeprazole, which has a long duration of action and is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, has simplified management."	( Role of acid suppressants in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Maton, PN, 1991)	1
"Omeprazole has been shown in previous studies to inhibit the hepatic metabolism of selected drugs. "	( Quinidine single dose pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are unaltered by omeprazole. Ching, MS; Devenish-Meares, S; Elliott, SL; Morgan, DJ; Murdoch, RT; Smallwood, RA; Stead, CK, 1991)	1.95
"Omeprazole has a simple treatment regimen: 20 mg once daily is recommended in the routine treatment of DU, GU and RO."	( Treatment of acid-related disorders with gastric acid inhibitors: the state of the art. Blum, AL, 1990)	1
"Omeprazole has produced short term healing rates superior to the histamine H2-receptor antagonists in duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and reflux oesophagitis."	( Clinical pharmacology of omeprazole. Howden, CW, 1991)	1.31
"Omeprazole has been subjected to an unusually extensive range of genotoxicity tests ranging from mutational assays in bacteria (e.g. "	( Tests for genotoxicity: principles and findings in relation to omeprazole. Evans, HJ, 1990)	1.96
"Omeprazole has been shown to provide more rapid symptom relief and to heal ulcers more quickly and reliably than H2-receptor antagonists in duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and reflux oesophagitis. "	( Clinical development programme for omeprazole. Walan, A, 1990)	2
"Omeprazole has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for short-term therapy of severe erosive esophagitis, poorly responsive symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease, and long-term management of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome."	( Omeprazole: a novel antisecretory agent for the treatment of acid-peptic disorders. Dukes, GE; Hak, LJ; Lampkin, TA; Ouellet, D, 1990)	2.44
"Omeprazole has given healing rates of 58-83% after treatment for 2 weeks and 84-100% after 4 weeks."	( Clinical experience with omeprazole: assessment of efficacy and safety. Walan, A, 1989)	1.3
"Omeprazole has also had a more pronounced effect on ulcer symptoms."	( The clinical utility and safety of omeprazole. Walan, A, 1989)	1.28
"Omeprazole therapy has been well tolerated and no side effects, significant changes in laboratory variables or toxicity have been noted."	( Omeprazole in the treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and histamine H2-antagonist refractory ulcers. Jansen, JB; Lamers, CB; Meijer, JL, 1989)	2.44
"Omeprazole has been shown to give significantly higher healing rates than ranitidine or cimetidine in patients with duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer."	( Clinical utility and safety of omeprazole. Walan, A, 1989)	1.28
"Omeprazole has a marked effect on the duration and the degree of inhibition of intragastric acidity which is dose-dependent."	( Relationship between inhibition of acid secretion and healing of peptic ulcers. Chiverton, SG; Hunt, RH, 1989)	1
"Omeprazole and placebo have been compared in 64 patients with erosive or ulcerative oesophagitis; the 4-week healing rates were 81% with omeprazole, 20 mg or 40 mg daily, and 6% with placebo."	( Evaluation of omeprazole in reflux oesophagitis. Dent, J; Hetzel, DJ; MacKinnon, MA; Narielvala, FM; Reed, WD, 1989)	1.36
"Omeprazole has an anti-ulcerogenic effect and protects rat gastric mucosa against drug-induced damage in vivo. "	( Protection of gastric epithelial cell monolayers from a human cell line by omeprazole in vitro. Ivey, KJ; Razandi, M; Romano, M, 1989)	1.95
"Omeprazole has been shown to be an inhibitor of acid secretion in vivo, but also in in vitro test models for acid secretion, including partly purified H+,K+-ATPase, the inhibitory action of omeprazole has been demonstrated (Wallmark, B., Jaresten, B."	( The relationship between gastric acid secretion and gastric H+,K+-ATPase activity. Humble, L; Larsson, H; Wallmark, B, 1985)	0.99
"Omeprazole has been previously shown to block gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of gastric parietal cell membrane H+-K+-ATPase. "	( Omeprazole, a specific inhibitor of H+-K+-ATPase, inhibits bone resorption in vitro. Tuukkanen, J; Väänänen, HK, 1986)	3.16
"Omeprazole has no documented effect on esophageal motility or lower esophageal sphincter pressure."	( Therapeutic evaluation of omeprazole. Adams, MH; Kirkwood, CF; Ostrosky, JD, 1988)	1.3
"Omeprazole has also been shown to dose-dependently inhibit vagally stimulated and meal stimulated acid secretion."	( Effect of omeprazole on gastric acid secretion in man. Cederberg, C; Ekenved, G; Lind, T; Olbe, L, 1986)	1.39
"Omeprazole has been given to more than 2500 subjects, mostly in short-term studies for 2-4 weeks, but also to some patients for more than 2 years. "	( Safety aspects of omeprazole. Sölvell, L, 1986)	2.05
"Omeprazole has been reported to prolong the half-life of diazepam which may be due to inhibition of the demethylation of diazepam."	( Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of omeprazole in man. Regårdh, CG, 1986)	1.27
"Omeprazole has a low water solubility and is chemically labile in an acid environment. "	( Development of an oral formulation of omeprazole. Cederberg, C; Pilbrant, A, 1985)	1.98

Actions

Omeprazole was found to inhibit acid secretion, and the inhibition could be reversed with glutathione or 2-mercaptoethanol. Patients remained free of toxicity or side effects related to omeprazoles. Omeprazol is able to inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis to fMLP and IL-8.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Omeprazole with lower water solubility could not generate sufficient osmotic pressure to create a crack in the membrane to activate pulsatile release, whereas the two other model drugs with higher solubilities could."	( Formulation and process optimization of multiparticulate pulsatile system delivered by osmotic pressure-activated rupturable membrane. Chen, YC; Ho, HO; Hsieh, CM; Hung, SF; Lin, CM; Sheu, MT, 2015)	1.14
"Omeprazole does not inhibit Th2 cytokine-stimulated eotaxin-3 expression by esophageal fibroblasts, suggesting that PPIs will have limited impact on subepithelial EoE processes such as fibrosis. "	( JAK-STAT6 Pathway Inhibitors Block Eotaxin-3 Secretion by Epithelial Cells and Fibroblasts from Esophageal Eosinophilia Patients: Promising Agents to Improve Inflammation and Prevent Fibrosis in EoE. Cheng, E; Huo, X; Park, JY; Souza, RF; Spechler, SJ; Wang, DH; Wilson, KS; Yu, C; Zhang, Q; Zhang, X, 2016)	1.88
"Omeprazole did not inhibit when present in the internal proteoliposomal compartment, indicating that the inhibition was specifically due to interaction with external site(s) of the protein."	( Inactivation by omeprazole of the carnitine transporter (OCTN2) reconstituted in liposomes. Indiveri, C; Pochini, L; Scalise, M, 2009)	1.42
"Omeprazole could inhibit human hepatoma cell line HepG2 cell proliferation and promote apoptosis."	( [Effects of omeprazole on the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatoma cell line HepG2]. Liang, NL; Liu, XJ; Wei, Y; Wu, WC; Yang, L; Zhu, YJ, 2012)	2.2
"Omeprazole is able to inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis to fMLP and IL-8. "	( The inhibitory effects of H+ K+ ATPase inhibitors on human neutrophils in vitro: restoration by a K+ ionophore. Antunes, E; Gambero, A; Martins de Oliveira, R; Pedrazzoli, J, 2007)	1.78
"Omeprazole can enhance efficacy of single and double antibiotic protocols and is particularly effective when combined with clarithromycin and a nitroimidazole."	( Omeprazole enhances efficacy of triple therapy in eradicating Helicobacter pylori. Andrews, P; Bae, H; Borody, TJ; Brandl, S; Fracchia, G; Shortis, NP, 1995)	2.46
"Omeprazole abolished the increase in bicarbonate secretion produced by neuromedin C."	( Mechanisms of stimulatory effect of neuromedin C on pancreatic exocrine secretion in conscious rats. Funakoshi, A; Matsumoto, M; Miyasaka, K; Okubo, K, 1994)	1.01
"Omeprazole caused an increase of the systemic availability of bismuth from tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate. "	( Omeprazole-induced increase in the absorption of bismuth from tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate. Klotz, U; Treiber, G; Walker, S, 1994)	3.17
"The omeprazole-induced increase in ECL-cell histamine is associated with an increase in the compartment composed of secretory vesicles and vacuoles."	( Ultrastructure of enterochromaffin-like cells in rat stomach: effects of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine-evoked histamine depletion and hypergastrinemia. Andersson, K; Chen, D; Håkanson, R; Sundler, F; Zhao, CM, 1996)	0.77
"omeprazole does not cause increased bacterial shall bowel overgrowth in elderly subjects."	( The effect of long-term omeprazole on the glucose-hydrogen breath test in elderly patients. Hutchinson, S; Logan, R, 1997)	2.05
"Omeprazole can suppress gastric acid remarkably and may be beneficial for patients with peptic ulcer bleeding."	( Can optimal acid suppression prevent rebleeding in peptic ulcer patients with a non-bleeding visible vessel: a preliminary report of a randomized comparative study. Lee, FY; Lin, HJ; Lo, WC; Perng, CL; Wang, K, )	0.85
"Omeprazole does increase intragastric pH in bleeding peptic ulcer patients with H. "	( Will Helicobacter pylori affect short-term rebleeding rate in peptic ulcer bleeding patients after successful endoscopic therapy? Chang, FY; Hsieh, YH; Lee, FY; Lee, SD; Lin, HJ; Perng, CL; Tseng, GY, 1999)	1.75
"Omeprazole can inhibit renal elimination of the hydrogen ion and block the active tubular secretion of MTX."	( Potential interaction between methotrexate and omeprazole. Aldaz, A; Aquerreta, I; Beorlegui, B; Giráldez, J; Ortega, A; Sierrasesúmega, L, 2000)	1.29
"Omeprazole 20-40 mg may cause a moderate increase in fasting plasma gastrin."	( Omeprazole in elderly duodenal ulcer patients: relationship between reduction in gastric acid secretion and fasting plasma gastrin. Cederberg, C; Lind, T; Olausson, M; Olbe, L, 1991)	2.45
"Omeprazole, believed to inhibit H+, K+-ATPase, was used to study acid secretion dynamics in isolated gastric mucosa. "	( Omeprazole: inhibitor of both acid formation and translocation in gastric mucosa. Ekblad, EB, 1989)	3.16
"Omeprazole did not increase the amount of sulfhydryl compounds in cultured cells."	( Protection of gastric epithelial cell monolayers from a human cell line by omeprazole in vitro. Ivey, KJ; Razandi, M; Romano, M, 1989)	1.23
"Omeprazole was found to inhibit the K+-stimulated ATPase activity of the gastric (H+ + K+)-ATPase in parallel with the K+-stimulated p-nitrophenylphosphatase activity and the phosphoenzyme formation. "	( The mechanism for inhibition of gastric (H+ + K+)-ATPase by omeprazole. Brändström, A; Eklundh, B; Lorentzon, P; Wallmark, B, 1985)	1.95
"Omeprazole was found to inhibit the (H+ + K+)-ATPase activity in a time-dependent manner."	( Studies on the mechanism of action of omeprazole. Fallowfield, C; Ife, RJ; Keeling, DJ; Milliner, KJ; Tingley, SK; Underwood, AH, 1985)	1.26
"Omeprazole was found to inhibit the (H+ + K+)-ATPase activity in isolated gastric vesicles only when acid was accumulated in the vesicle lumen. "	( Inhibition of (H+ + K+)-ATPase by omeprazole in isolated gastric vesicles requires proton transport. Jackson, R; Lorentzon, P; Sachs, G; Wallmark, B, 1987)	1.99
"Omeprazole in doses lower than 20 mg daily did not suppress pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion in all subjects 6 h after dosing on the 5th day."	( Relationship between reduction of gastric acid secretion and plasma gastrin concentration during omeprazole treatment. Cederberg, C; Forssell, H; Lind, T; Olausson, M; Olbe, L, 1988)	1.21
"Omeprazole was found to inhibit acid secretion, and the inhibition could be reversed with glutathione or 2-mercaptoethanol."	( Acid secretion by frog gastric mucosa is electroneutral. Hersey, SJ; Kasbekar, DK; Sachs, G, 1985)	0.99
"Omeprazole continued to inhibit gastric acid secretion during 1-9 mo of therapy and patients remained free of toxicity or side effects related to omeprazole."	( Omeprazole: effective, convenient therapy for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Cherner, JA; Ciarleglio, CA; Collen, MJ; Cornelius, MJ; Gardner, JD; Howard, JM; Jensen, RT; Maton, PN; McArthur, KE, 1985)	2.43

Treatment

Omeprazole treatment resulted in anacidity (pH values above 6.0) in 14 individuals 30 min after the liver dose and in 15 individuals after 60 min. Dogs treated with omeprazoles had a significantly higher MPT ± SD intragastric pH (91.2%) than dogs treated with placebo (19.7%)

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Omeprazole treatment of LLC cells inhibited Hsp70/90 and Hsp70/90-carrying EV release in a dose-dependent manner (1 to 10 μM) and attenuated the catabolic activity of LLC cell-conditioned medium on C2C12 myotubes. "	( Ameliorating cancer cachexia by inhibiting cancer cell release of Hsp70 and Hsp90 with omeprazole. Gao, S; Li, M; Li, YP; Liu, Z; Sun, K; Xiong, J; Zhang, G; Zhu, MX, 2022)	2.39
"Omeprazole treatment increased R-R intervals (P = .01) and decreased ratio of low frequency/high frequency signal (P = .008) as compared to horses receiving water."	( Changes in Heart Rate Variability with Induction of Gastric Ulcers in Adult Horses. Berryhill, EH; Finno, CJ; Knych, H; Louie, EW; Morgan, JM; Nieto, J; Wensley, F, 2023)	1.63
"Omeprazole treatment inhibits gastric acidity, rescuing morphine-induced gastric dysbiosis and preventing inflammation."	( Morphine use induces gastric microbial dysbiosis driving gastric inflammation through TLR2 signalling which is attenuated by proton pump inhibition. Chupikova, I; Ghosh, N; Kesh, K; Ramakrishnan, S; Roy, S; Sharma, U; Singh, PK, 2023)	1.63
"Omeprazole-treated rats had significantly decreased the width of tight junction, villous length, and absorptive area of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum compared to control rats."	( Ultrastructural intestinal mucosa change after prolonged inhibition of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole in male rats. Chamniansawat, S; Kampuang, N; Suksridechacin, N; Thongon, N, 2021)	1.56
"Omeprazole treatment increased the aortic cross-sectional area and media/lumen ratio by 25% (P < 0.05)."	( Omeprazole induces vascular remodeling by mechanisms involving xanthine oxidoreductase and matrix metalloproteinase activation. Castro, MM; Conde, SO; Nogueira, RC; Oliveira-Paula, GH; Parente, JM; Pinheiro, LC; Sanches-Lopes, JM; Tanus-Santos, JE, 2021)	2.79
"Omeprazole treatment (10 mg/kg) for 2 weeks significantly improved the impaired motor coordinative function of demyelinated mice, increased the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) and up-regulated the expression of genes related to remyelination."	( Repurposing of omeprazole for oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination. Harris, RA; Kang, Z; Sun, J; Wang, J; Wang, Y; Wu, G; Wu, X; Zhu, K; Zou, Z, 2019)	1.59
"Omeprazole treatment also resulted in increased activity of the enzymes catalase and ascorbate peroxidase, reduced accumulation of the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide, increase in the essential oil ratio, and improvement in essential oil composition."	( Omeprazole alleviates water stress in peppermint and modulates the expression of menthol biosynthesis genes. Elansary, HO; Zin El-Abedin, TK, 2019)	2.68
"Omeprazole treatment had no significant effect on lowering the blood glucose levels of diabetic mice, when compared to control, although it improved the antihyperglycemic actions of exendin-4. "	( Combination of omeprazole with GLP-1 agonist therapy improves insulin sensitivity and antioxidant activity in liver in type 1 diabetic mice. Bahekar, R; Detroja, J; Dhanesha, N; Gandhi, T; Jain, M; Joharapurkar, A; Kshirsagar, S; Patel, K; Patel, V, 2013)	2.19
"Omeprazole treatment decreases the expression of genes that have important functions in colonocyte integrity. "	( Proton pump inhibitors induce changes in colonocyte gene expression that may affect Clostridium difficile infection. Harris, LR; Hegarty, JP; Sangster, W; Stewart, DB, 2014)	1.85
"Omeprazole treatment resulted in decreases in Akkermansia muciniphila and Coprococcus sp. "	( The effect of omeprazole on the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6J and SJL/J mice. Ericsson, AC; LeVine, SM; Parker, BL; Sands, SA; Tsau, S; Yankee, TM, 2014)	2.21
"Omeprazole treatment increased the proportion of EndoH sensitive tyrosinase, indicating that tyrosinase maturation was impaired."	( Omeprazole, a gastric proton pump inhibitor, inhibits melanogenesis by blocking ATP7A trafficking. Ichihashi, M; Karaman-Jurukovska, N; Matsui, MS; Muizzuddin, N; Niki, Y; Petris, MJ; Yarosh, DB, 2015)	2.58
"Omeprazole-treated rats presented larger cortical defects (2.75 ± 0.59 mm(3) , p = 0.003 versus 2.11 ± 0.36 mm(3) ; p = 0.002) and a lower percentage of newly formed bone in the defects (28.62 ± 13.12; 45.89 ± 9.73; p = 0.003) than controls. "	( Systemic administration of omeprazole interferes with bone healing and implant osseointegration: an in vivo study on rat tibiae. Abdallah, MN; Al Subaie, A; Eimar, H; Emami, E; Laurenti, M; Tamimi, F; Tamimi, I, 2016)	2.17
"Omeprazole treatment caused a nonsignificant reduction in the mean iron level (iron 159 ± 42, 136 ± 54,167 ± 34 µg/dl, p  =  0.302)."	( Proton pump inhibitors use suppresses iron absorption in congenital dyserythropoietic anemia. Harosh, MB; Kapelushnik, J; Quider, AA; Shalev, H, )	0.85
"Omeprazole treatment have caused considerable changes in stool culture results. "	( The effect of omeprazole treatment on the gut microflora and neutrophil function. Dabrowski, A; Garley, M; Jabłońska, E; Jamiołkowski, J; Jurkowska, G; Kostrzewska, M; Olszańska, D; Ratajczak-Wrona, W; Świdnicka-Siergiejko, A, 2017)	2.26
"Omeprazole treatment significantly increased the AUC(0-infinity) (41,387 ng h/mL, P = 0.004) and t1/2 (46.4 hours, P = 0.017) of R-warfarin in hmEMs to levels comparable to those in the PMs."	( The role of cytochrome P2C19 in R-warfarin pharmacokinetics and its interaction with omeprazole. Sugawara, K; Sugimoto, K; Tateishi, T; Uno, T, 2008)	1.29
"Omeprazole pre-treatment delayed the post-prandial acidification of the gastric chyme, slowed the rise in Cl(-) concentration of the chyme and altered the patterns of other ions, indicating inhibition of H(+) and accompanying Cl(-) secretion."	( Using omeprazole to link the components of the post-prandial alkaline tide in the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias. Munger, RS; Schultz, AG; Walsh, PJ; Wood, CM, 2009)	1.56
"Omeprazole treatment did not result in mucosal injury or inflammation; however, there were marked shifts in numbers and types of enteric bacteria, including a significant reduction (∼80%) of jejunal Actinobacteria and Bifidobacteria spp."	( Proton pump inhibitors exacerbate NSAID-induced small intestinal injury by inducing dysbiosis. Bercik, P; Bolla, M; Collins, SM; de Palma, G; Denou, E; Jury, J; McKnight, W; Ongini, E; Syer, S; Verdu, E; Vong, L; Wallace, JL, 2011)	1.09
"Omeprazole treatment in human colon cancer cell lines HCT-116 and HCA-7 cells resulted in induction of p21waf1/cip1 and decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and survivin in a dose-dependent manner."	( Anti-carcinogenic properties of omeprazole against human colon cancer cells and azoxymethane-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci formation in rats. Li, Q; Patlolla, JM; Rao, CV; Steele, VE; Zhang, Y, 2012)	1.38
"Omeprazole treatment exerts its effects mostly on bone mineralization and cancellous bone, adversely affecting bone properties. "	( Can 2-oxoglutarate prevent changes in bone evoked by omeprazole? Bienko, M; Dobrowolski, P; Pierzynowski, SG; Radzki, RP; Tomaszewska, E; Wydrych, J; Zdybel, A, 2013)	2.08
"Omeprazole treatment of such patients relieves BA and GERD symptoms."	( [Clinico-functional evaluation of the efficacy of treating gastroesophageal reflux disease combined with bronchial asthma with omeprazole]. Agapova, NR; Busarova, GA; Maev, IV; Samsonov, AA, 2002)	1.24
"Omeprazole treatment does not affect the pharmacokinetics or systemic effects of budesonide controlled-release capsules when the two medications are taken simultaneously."	( Pharmacokinetics of budesonide controlled-release capsules when taken with omeprazole. Bergstrand, M; Edsbäcker, S; Larsson, P, 2003)	1.99
"Omeprazole treatment success occurred more frequently in patients with a total diagnostic score of > 7 and oesophagitis II-IV in patients with a total diagnostic score of > 9."	( Reflux symptoms in general practice: diagnostic evaluation of the Carlsson-Dent gastro-oesophageal reflux disease questionnaire. de Wit, NJ; Numans, ME, 2003)	1.04
"Omeprazole treatment produced reciprocal changes in A(1) receptor and gastrin gene expression, and parallel changes in A(2A) receptor and somatostatin gene expression."	( Effect of omeprazole on gastric adenosine A1 and A2A receptor gene expression and function. Kwok, YN; Leung, HC; Yip, L, 2004)	1.45
"the omeprazole-treated group were 148% vs."	( Gastrointestinal uptake of FDG after N-butylscopolamine or omeprazole treatment in the rat. Asaka, M; Nakada, K; Satoh, M; Tamaki, N; Yamamoto, F; Zhao, S, 2004)	1.05
"Omeprazole treatment did not improve asthma symptoms or lung function in children with asthma and GORD."	( Acid suppression does not change respiratory symptoms in children with asthma and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Bentsen, BS; Carlsen, KC; Closs, O; Handeland, M; Holm, HK; Johannesdottir, GB; Knudsen, PK; Sandvik, L; Størdal, K, 2005)	1.77
"Omeprazole pretreatment ameliorated DMP-777-induced parietal cell loss as well as foveolar hyperplasia."	( Omeprazole treatment ameliorates oxyntic atrophy induced by DMP-777. Car, BD; Goldenring, JR; Nomura, S; Ogawa, M, 2006)	2.5
"Omeprazole treats gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) by inhibition of acid secretion whereas alginate based reflux suppressants work by forming a low density raft of near neutral pH which floats on the stomach contents and physically impedes gastro-oesophageal reflux. "	( Administration of an alginate based gastric reflux suppressant on the bioavailability of omeprazole. Baxter, T; Choubey, S; Dettmar, PW; Hampson, FC; Jain, A; Little, SL, 2006)	2
"All omeprazole-treated patients showed improvement of laryngeal features and symptoms. "	( Silent reflux: ex juvantibus criteria for diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal disorders. Barbara, M; Di Stadio, A; Monini, S; Vestri, A, 2006)	0.89
"Omeprazole treatment increased bacteria colonization and MPO activity in mice stomachs. "	( Effects of a one-week treatment with acid gastric inhibitors on Helicobacter pylori-infected mice. Arçari, DP; Bartchewsky, W; Gambero, A; Hoehr, NF; Maróstica, M; Pedrazzoli, J; Ribeiro, ML; Trevisan, M, 2007)	1.78
"Omeprazole treatment (10(-8), 10(-6) and 10(-4)M) for 12 and 24 h did not promote cell proliferation."	( Omeprazole promotes gastric epithelial cell migration. Chang, FY; Chi, CW; Cho, CH; Lee, SD; Lin, HC; Lin, HY; Luo, JC; Ng, KM, 2008)	2.51
"Omeprazole pretreatment did not prevent the development of canaliculi and the reduction in the number of tubulovesicles in parietal cells after histamine."	( Comparison of the effect of omeprazole--a substituted benzimidazole--and ranitidine--a potent H2-receptor antagonist--on histamine-induced gastric acid secretion and the ultrastructure of canine parietal cells. Cieszkowsky, M; Dabroś, W; Konturek, J; Konturek, SJ; Stachura, J; Zakrzewska, J, 1983)	1.28
"Omeprazole treatment reduced corpus somatostatin mRNA to 59 +/- 5% (P < 0.05), and elevated SSTR mRNA to 140 +/- 3% of control (P < 0.01)."	( Differential expression and regulation of SSTR2 messenger RNA in rat gastric antrum and corpus. Brenna, E; Dimaline, R; Sandvik, AK; Waldum, HL, 1995)	1.01
"Omeprazole remains a treatment of choice in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome."	( Omeprazole. An update of its pharmacology and therapeutic use in acid-related disorders. McTavish, D; Wilde, MI, 1994)	2.45
"Omeprazole treatment produced a greater colonization of the body with bacteria traversing the entire gland."	( The importance of local acid production in the distribution of Helicobacter felis in the mouse stomach. Danon, SJ; Lee, A; Moss, ND; O'Rourke, JL, 1995)	1.01
"Omeprazole pretreatment significantly raised the median gastric pH (from pH 1.1 to pH 4.7, p < 0.0001), but had no significant influence on gastric emptying time of the pH capsule (median = 4.3 vs 4.9 hours)."	( The influence of gastric pH on the pharmacokinetics of fluconazole: the effect of omeprazole. Lach, P; Laufen, H; Riedel, KD; Yeates, RA; Zimmermann, T, 1994)	1.24
"Omeprazole treatment and small ulcer size significantly increased the probability of healing, but smoking had no significant effect."	( A double-blind, randomized, parallel group study of omeprazole and ranitidine in Korean patients with gastric ulcer. Chang, R; Choi, KW; Chung, JM; Lee, SI; Min, YI; Park, KN; Sun, HS; Wong, EC; Yang, US; Yoon, CM, )	1.1
"Omeprazole treatment did not improve asthma symptoms during the day or night, or peak expiratory flow rate readings."	( Omeprazole in the treatment of asthmatics with nocturnal symptoms and gastro-oesophageal reflux: a placebo-controlled cross-over study. Butland, RJ; Ford, GA; Oliver, PS; Prior, JS; Wilkinson, SP, 1994)	2.45
"For omeprazole-treated tissues, altered and degenerated parietal cells occurred throughout the gland and averaged 62% of total parietal cells."	( Inhibiting gastric H(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity by omeprazole promotes degeneration and production of parietal cells. Forte, JG; Karam, SM, 1994)	1.03
"Omeprazole treatment rapidly caused an increase in the serum gastrin concentration and the antral gastrin mRNA level after 3 days."	( Expression of the gastric H+/K(+)-ATPase and histidine decarboxylase during omeprazole treatment. Arnold, R; Eissele, R; Gross, M; Koop, H; Körtner, G; Simon, B; Swarovsky, B, 1994)	1.24
"Omeprazole treatment of normal volunteers resulted in a significant change in postprandial gastric pH (pH 6.4 +/- 0.3 vs."	( Hypochlorhydria from short-term omeprazole treatment does not inhibit intestinal absorption of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium or zinc from food in humans. Pedrosa, M; Russell, RR; Saltzman, JR; Sepe, TE; Serfaty-Lacrosniere, C; Voytko, D; Wood, RJ, 1995)	1.3
"Omeprazole treated animals (group II) showed statistically significant lower levels of serum amylase and pancreatic trypsinogen content (P < 0.05)."	( [Effect of omeprazole administration on pancreatic content of enzymes in rats]. Coelho, AM; da Cunha, JE; Kubrusly, MS; Machado, MC; Molan, NA; Montagnini, AL; Pinotti, HW, )	1.24
"Omeprazole treatment (20 mg twice daily) does not affect the pharmacokinetics of orally ingested ethanol in healthy male subjects."	( Omeprazole therapy does not affect pharmacokinetics of orally administered ethanol in healthy male subjects. Brier, ME; Levinson, SS; Minocha, A; Rahal, PS, 1995)	2.46
"Omeprazole treatment leads to the appearance of numerous vacuoles (with profile diameter greater than 500 nm); such vacuoles are not observed in the ECL cells of rats treated with alpha-FMH or alpha-FMH+omeprazole."	( Ultrastructure of enterochromaffin-like cells in rat stomach: effects of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine-evoked histamine depletion and hypergastrinemia. Andersson, K; Chen, D; Håkanson, R; Sundler, F; Zhao, CM, 1996)	1.02
"Omeprazole treatment produced a significant fall in the number of H."	( Suppression of Helicobacter pylori colonization with omeprazole. Fukuda, Y, 1996)	1.26
"Omeprazole pretreatment did not change the absorption parameters."	( Influence of gastric acid secretion blockade and food intake on the bioavailability of a potassium diclofenac suspension in healthy male volunteers. De Nucci, G; Dias, HB; Moreno, H; Moreno, RA; Muscara, MN; Poli, A; Ribeiro, W, 1996)	1.02
"Omeprazole treatment produces lower intragastric pH values 4 weeks after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection than before. "	( Intragastric pH during treatment with omeprazole: role of Helicobacter pylori and H. pylori-associated gastritis. Armstrong, D; Blum, AL; Börsch, G; Idström, JP; Labenz, J; Stolte, M; Verdú, EF, 1996)	2.01
"The omeprazole treated group showed the highest and more sustained plasma gastrin levels."	( Comparative study of plasma gastrin levels in rats after two months of ebrotidine administration. Ballesta, A; Gómez, F; Ortiz, JA; Romero, A; Sacristán, A; Villamayor, F, 1997)	0.78
"The omeprazole-treated groups also showed an increase in the number of immunoreactive gastrin cells in the pyloric mucosa and an enhancement in the intensity of immunoreaction."	( Alterations in gastrin cells induced by short-term omeprazole treatment in the rat antrum: an immunocytochemical and in situ hybridization study. Bolkent, S; Yilmazer, S, 1997)	1.03
"In omeprazole-treated rats, the healing of gastric mucosal lesions was accelerated in comparison with those of untreated rats. "	( Increased hepatocyte growth factor content in rat stomach during omeprazole treatment. Chiba, T; Fukui, H; Hassan, MS; Kawamura, M; Kinoshita, Y; Kishi, K; Maekawa, T; Matsushima, Y; Okada, A; Waki, S, 1998)	1.16
"Omeprazole treatment led to higher mean overall scores on the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire, and on the subdomains of activity limitation, symptoms, and emotions (p = 0.039, 0.049, 0.024, 0.040)."	( Omeprazole improves peak expiratory flow rate and quality of life in asthmatics with gastroesophageal reflux. Levin, TR; McQuaid, KR; Sperling, RM, 1998)	2.46
"Omeprazole pretreatment did not influence eradication rates."	( Dual versus triple therapy: comparison of five antibiotic regimens for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in a prospective, randomized study. Bojarski, C; Epple, HJ; Fromm, M; Kirstein, FW; Riecken, EO; Schulzke, JD; Victor, L, 1998)	1.02
"Omeprazole treatment significantly reduced persistent reflux-related symptoms and normalized psychological well-being compared with ranitidine in poorly responsive symptomatic patients with GERD."	( Health-related quality of life outcomes of omeprazole versus ranitidine in poorly responsive symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease. Maton, PN; Orlando, RC; Revicki, DA; Sorensen, S, )	1.84
"With omeprazole treatment, gastric nitrite levels after the nitrate meal were markedly increased at 154 micromol/L (range, 49-384 micromol/L; P < 0.001)."	( Omeprazole and dietary nitrate independently affect levels of vitamin C and nitrite in gastric juice. Carswell, A; McColl, KE; Mowat, C; Wirz, A, 1999)	2.2
"Omeprazole treatment resulted in a decrease of acid reflux per 24 h from 23.4% (7.9-39.3) to 0.0% (0.0-2.9) in H."	( The influence of Helicobacter pylori on oesophageal acid exposure in GERD during acid suppressive therapy. Ganesh, S; Kleibeuker, JH; Klinkenberg-Knol, EC; Kuipers, EJ; Lamers, CB; Peters, FT; Sluiter, WJ, 1999)	1.02
"More omeprazole-treated patients reported improved heartburn resolution at 2 weeks (49.0% vs 33.3%; P=.007) and 4 weeks (58.6% vs 35.0%; P<.001) compared with ranitidine-treated patients. "	( Effectiveness and costs of omeprazole vs ranitidine for treatment of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease in primary care clinics in West Virginia. Kaplan-Machlis, B; Revicki, DA; Spiegler, GE; Zodet, MW, 2000)	1.12
"Omeprazole treatment increased meal-stimulated plasma gastrin concentrations from day 0 to day 8 in the homozygous EMs and heterozygous EMs by 16% (NS) and 157% (P = 0."	( Effects of omeprazole on intragastric pH and plasma gastrin are dependent on the CYP2C19 polymorphism. Bertilsson, L; Dahl, ML; Sagar, M; Seensalu, R; Tybring, G, 2000)	1.42
"In omeprazole treated animals, serum gastrin levels showed statistically significant increases compared with the control and ethanol treated animals."	( Effects of omeprazole on ethanol lesions. Abdel Fattaha, NA; Abdel-Rahman, MS, 2000)	1.21
"Omeprazole treatment stimulated expression of the transgene and the endogenous CgA gene selectivity in the gastric corpus (3-4-fold)."	( Neuroendocrine-specific and gastrin-dependent expression of a chromogranin A-luciferase fusion gene in transgenic mice. Cramer, T; Höcker, M; O'Connor, DT; Rosewicz, S; Wang, TC; Wiedenmann, B, 2001)	1.03
"Omeprazole treatment is associated with hypergastrinaemia, resulting in growth of the oxyntic mucosa in general and the enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in particular."	( Long-term omeprazole treatment suppresses body weight gain and bone mineralization in young male rats. Chen, D; Cui, GL; Syversen, U; Waldum, HL; Zhao, CM, 2001)	1.43
"Omeprazole treatment of young male rats reduces body weight and bone mass gain. "	( Long-term omeprazole treatment suppresses body weight gain and bone mineralization in young male rats. Chen, D; Cui, GL; Syversen, U; Waldum, HL; Zhao, CM, 2001)	2.16
"The omeprazole-treated groups also showed an increase in the number of somatostatin-containing cells in fundus mucosa."	( Effects of acid inhibition on somatostatin-producing cells in the rat gastric fundus. Bolkent, S; Kaya, F; Oztürk, M; Yilmazer, S, 2001)	0.79
"When omeprazole-treated mice were treated with antibiotics alone, elevated plasma gastrin levels returned to baseline and D cell numbers returned to resting levels despite persistent hypochlorhydria."	( Hypergastrinemia in response to gastric inflammation suppresses somatostatin. Ferguson, A; Merchant, JL; Rieder, G; Samuelson, LC; Zavros, Y, 2002)	0.77
"Omeprazole treatment further augmented clarithromycin Cmax and AUC0-2h in gastric juice approximately 2-fold (P < 0.05)."	( Transfer of clarithromycin to gastric juice is enhanced by omeprazole in Helicobacter pylori-infected individuals. Bento, AP; Calafatti, SA; de Nucci, G; Deguer, M; Dias, FE; Ferraz, JG; Lerner, F; Mendes, FD; Ortiz, RA; Pedrazzoli, J; Pereira, AA; Piovesana, H, 2001)	1.28
"Omeprazole treatment for 4 weeks increased the oxyntic mucosal weight and thickness by 15-20%."	( Effects of CCK2 receptor blockade on growth parameters in gastrointestinal tract and pancreas in rats. Björkqvist, M; Chen, D; de la Cour, CD; Gagnemo-Persson, C; Håkanson, R; Kitano, M; Norlén, P; Zhao, CM, 2001)	1.03
"Omeprazole treatment of portacaval--shunted rats suppressed or even reversed the somatostatin cell hyperplasia after portacaval shunt alone."	( Somatostatin cells in the oxyntic mucosa of hypo- or hypergastrinemic rats. Chen, D; Håkanson, R; Sundler, F; Uribe, A, 1992)	1
"In omeprazole (0.3 mM)-pretreated frog fundic mucosae, in which H+ secretion was totally inhibited, 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2) induced a significant decrease in intracellular pH (pHi) in OPC simultaneously with a significant increase in pHi in adjacent muscularis mucosae, an effect abolished by removal of ambient Cl- or addition of 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) (0.5 mM)."	( Prostaglandin stimulates Cl(-)-HCO3- exchange in amphibian oxynticopeptic cells. Carter, KJ; Goddard, PJ; Silen, W; Yanaka, A, 1992)	0.8
"Omeprazole treatment healed duodenal ulceration, improved gastritis temporarily, and suppressed but did not eradicate H."	( Short report: the effect of omeprazole on Helicobacter pylori and associated gastritis. Daw, MA; Deegan, P; Leen, E; O'Moráin, C, 1991)	1.3
"Omeprazole-treated rats gavaged with nitrosation-proficient bacteria were treated with nitrosamines and/or precursors and compared to control animals that received no omeprazole treatment/no bacteria."	( Bacterial formation of N-nitroso compounds from administered precursors in the rat stomach after omeprazole-induced achlorhydria. Bartsch, H; Béréziat, JC; Calmels, S; Ohshima, H, 1991)	1.22
"Omeprazole-treated patients reported significantly less daytime epigastric pain (P = 0.02) and heartburn (P = 0.04) after two weeks than ranitidine-treated patients."	( A comparison of omeprazole and ranitidine for duodenal ulcer in South African patients. A multiracial study. Danilewitz, MD; Garisch, JA; Marks, IN, 1991)	1.35
"Omeprazole has a simple treatment regimen: 20 mg once daily is recommended in the routine treatment of DU, GU and RO."	( Treatment of acid-related disorders with gastric acid inhibitors: the state of the art. Blum, AL, 1990)	1
"Omeprazole-treated rats on the normal diet had no significant reduction in the absorption of ferric, ferrous, or food iron."	( Inhibition of iron absorption by omeprazole in rat model. Adams, P; Flanagan, P; Golubov, J, 1991)	1.28
"In omeprazole pretreated rats, gavage with ethanol resulted in a significant twofold worsening of duodenal injury."	( Chronic omeprazole treatment increases duodenal susceptibility to ethanol injury in rats. Bezabah, S; Erickson, RA; Jonas, G; Lifrak, E; Tarnawski, AS, 1991)	1.23
"Omeprazole-treated patients took fewer antacids (p less than 0.05) over the first 2 wk."	( Omeprazole provides quicker symptom relief and duodenal ulcer healing than ranitidine. Bateson, MC; Burke, GJ; Dickinson, RJ; Dronfield, MW; Green, JR; Keeling, PW; McFarland, RJ; O'Donoghue, DP; Peers, EM; Shreeve, DR, 1990)	2.44
"In omeprazole-treated dogs, a sustained gastrin release was observed during a 10-h period after feeding, although greater than 95% of the meal had left the stomach after 4 h."	( Effect of acute suppression of acid secretion by omeprazole on postprandial gastrin release in conscious dogs. De Graef, J; Simoens, C; Woussen-Colle, MC, 1989)	1.05
"Omeprazole treatment was well tolerated by the women and Apgar scores and subsequent progress of the babies were acceptable."	( Effect of single-dose omeprazole on intragastric acidity and volume during obstetric anaesthesia. Flynn, RJ; Gillon, KR; Moore, J; Sampaio, M; Wilson, CM, 1989)	1.31
"Omeprazole treatment resulted in anacidity (pH values above 6.0) in 14 individuals 30 min after the liver dose and in 15 individuals after 60 min."	( The effect of omeprazole on gastric acidity and the absorption of liver cobalamins. Aadland, E; Kittang, E; Røhss, K; Schjønsby, H, 1987)	1.35
"Omeprazole pretreatment 50 mg/kg s.c."	( The influence of omeprazole on the protective effects of secretagogues against ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. Cho, CH; Ogle, CW; Wong, SH, 1987)	1.33
"Omeprazole treatment resulted in a 3- to 5-fold increase in the ECL cell density."	( Hypergastrinemia after blockade of acid secretion in the rat: trophic effects. Carlsson, E; Håkanson, R; Larsson, H; Mattsson, H; Sundler, F, 1986)	0.99
"Omeprazole treatment resulted in an increased mucosal thickness as a result of a proportional increase in all types of epithelial cells with the exception of the endocrine cells."	( Alterations in gastric mucosal morphology induced by long-term treatment with omeprazole in rats. Blom, H, 1986)	1.22
"Dogs treated with omeprazole had a significantly higher MPT ± SD intragastric pH ≥3 (91.2% ± 11.0%), ≥4 (86.9% ± 13.7%) and mean ± SD pH (5.4 ± 0.8) than dogs treated with placebo (19.7% ± 15.5%, 28.3 ± 20.7, and 2.4 ± 1.0, respectively) (P < .001 for all)."	( A prospective, randomized, masked, placebo-controlled crossover study for the effect of 10 mg omeprazole capsules on gastric pH in healthy dogs. Fitzgerald, S; Gaier, A; Grubb, L; Price, J; Tolbert, MK, 2021)	1.17
"Treatment with omeprazole (OMP) (20 μM), a non-specific inducer of CYP450 induced approximately 10-fold increase in CYP1A1 activity after 2 h of treatment."	( Involvement of astrocytic CYP1A1 isoform in the metabolism and toxicity of the alkaloid pyrrolizidine monocrotaline. Batatinha, MJM; Carvalho, JLC; Costa, SL; El-Bachá, RS; Nascimento, RP; Oliveira, JL; Pires, TRC; Santos, WA; Silva, VDA, 2017)	0.79
"Cotreatment with omeprazole did not reduce indomethacin-induced intestinal bleeding."	( Suppression of contractile activity in the small intestine by indomethacin and omeprazole. Bhattarai, D; Dial, EJ; Lichtenberger, LM; Phan, TM; Uray, K, 2015)	0.97
"Treatment with omeprazole significantly reduced serum Mg2+ and Ca2+ levels. "	( Dietary Inulin Fibers Prevent Proton-Pump Inhibitor (PPI)-Induced Hypocalcemia in Mice. Bindels, RJ; de Baaij, JH; Gommers, LM; Hess, MW; Hoenderop, JG, 2015)	0.77
"Pretreatment with omeprazole or MDLA led to an increase in the uptake of Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain in the glandular part of the gastric tissue, raised levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations."	( Acute Toxicity and Gastroprotection Studies of a New Schiff Base Derived Manganese (II) Complex against HCl/Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcerations in Rats. Adam, H; Al-Obaidi, MM; Ali, HM; Alkotaini, B; Batran, RA; Dhiyaaldeen, SM; El-Ferjani, RM; Hashim, NM; Ibrahim, MY, 2016)	0.76
"Treatment with omeprazole reduced endothelium-dependent aortic responses to acetylcholine without causing hypertension."	( Omeprazole impairs vascular redox biology and causes xanthine oxidoreductase-mediated endothelial dysfunction. de Angelis, CD; Guimarães, DA; Oliveira-Paula, GH; Pinheiro, LC; Portella, RL; Tanus-Santos, JE, 2016)	2.22
"Treatment with omeprazole or pantoprazole had no effect on spontaneous nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test results."	( The effect of short-term oral treatment with omeprazole or pantoprazole on the function of polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Dabrowski, A; Garley, M; Jabłońska, E; Jamiołkowski, J; Kostrzewska, M; Ratajczak-Wrona, W, 2017)	1.05
"Treatment with omeprazole did not result in C. difficile positive stool culture and had no significant effect on neutrophil function."	( The effect of omeprazole treatment on the gut microflora and neutrophil function. Dabrowski, A; Garley, M; Jabłońska, E; Jamiołkowski, J; Jurkowska, G; Kostrzewska, M; Olszańska, D; Ratajczak-Wrona, W; Świdnicka-Siergiejko, A, 2017)	1.16
"Treatment by omeprazole is effective for treatment of asthmatic patients with GERD."	( The effect of omeprazole on asthmatic adolescents with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Fallahi, GH; Khorasani, EN; Mansouri, F; Rezaei, N, )	0.84
"Treatment with omeprazole significantly improved voice quality showing the greatest changes in the mean scores of majority of voice range profile parameters."	( [Usefulness of assessment of voice capabilities in female patients with reflux-related dysphonia]. Adamonis, K; Siupsinskiene, N; Toohill, RJ, 2009)	0.69
"Treatment with omeprazole alone modifies clinical manifestations and endoscopic findings in patients with PL. "	( Posterior laryngitis: effects of treatment with omeprazole alone. Argüelles-Arias, F; Carmona, I; Galera-Ruiz, H; Herrerías, JM; Muñoz-Borje, F; Rodríguez-Téllez, M, 2002)	0.92
"Treatment with omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxycillin triple therapy eradicated H."	( The role of triple therapy, age, gender and smoking on the genotoxic effects of Helicobacter pylori infection. Demiray, M; Ercan, I; Evke, E; Gulten, M; Gulten, T; Karakaya, AE; Sardas, S; Tokyay, N, )	0.47
"Treatment with omeprazole significantly reduced mean gastric severity score compared to placebo (omeprazole: 0.65 +/- 0.17, placebo: 1.09 +/- 0.18; P = .028), but also was associated with increased frequency of diarrhea during the race (omeprazole 54%, placebo 21%; P = .017)."	( Efficacy of omeprazole for the prevention of exercise-induced gastritis in racing Alaskan sled dogs. Davis, MS; Mandsager, RE; McCullough, SM; Nelson, SL; Payton, ME; Roberts, J; Willard, MD, )	0.85
"Treatment with omeprazole or pantoprazole prior to urea breath test (UBT) was associated with low false negative results, while lansoprazole and esomeprazole caused clinically unacceptable high false negative rates (pantoprazole 2.2% vs."	( Masking of 13C urea breath test by proton pump inhibitors is dependent on type of medication: comparison between omeprazole, pantoprazole, lansoprazole and esomeprazole. Aeed, H; Avni, Y; Boaz, M; Levine, A; Moss, SF; Niv, Y; Shabat-Sehayek, V; Shevah, O; Shirin, H, 2004)	0.87
"Pretreatment with omeprazole did not change the RX-77368 (15 ng)-induced increase in permeability, but quickened the recovery of permeability after the peak."	( Evaluation of early gastric mucosal permeability induced by central thyrotropin-releasing hormone administration. Itoh, M; Joh, T; Kaneko, H; Kataoka, H; Nomura, T; Ohara, H; Oshima, T; Sasaki, M; Sobue, M; Suzuki, H; Takahashi, N; Watanabe, K, 2005)	0.65
"Treatment with omeprazole provides superior symptom relief compared to ranitidine, cisapride, and placebo in the treatment of H. "	( A randomized trial comparing omeprazole, ranitidine, cisapride, or placebo in helicobacter pylori negative, primary care patients with dyspepsia: the CADET-HN Study. Armstrong, D; Barkun, A; Chiba, N; Escobedo, S; Lee, J; Sinclair, P; Smyth, S; Thomson, A; Veldhuyzen van Zanten, SJ, 2005)	0.97
"Treatment with omeprazole or melatonin prevented this damage as well as the changes in biochemical parameters, and melatonin appeared to be more efficient than omeprazole in protecting the mucosa."	( Protective effect of melatonin and omeprazole against alendronat-induced gastric damage. Arbak, S; Dülger, GA; Ersoy, Y; Goren, FO; Sener, G; Ulusoy, NB, 2005)	0.95
"Treatment with omeprazole significantly improved QL in both LPR subgroups patients."	( Quality of life in laryngopharyngeal reflux patients. Adamonis, K; Siupsinskiene, N; Toohill, RJ, 2007)	0.68
"Treatment with omeprazole did not change bronchial responsiveness to methacholine (basal: 0.16 mg, 0.02-1.27; omeprazole: 0.15 mg, 0.02-1.60); omeprazole decreased the tussive response to capsaicin (basal: 0.08 nmol, 0.08-2.46; omeprazole: 0.61 nmol, 0.08-9.84, p<0.001) only in patients with pathological reflux."	( Omeprazole reduces the response to capsaicin but not to methacholine in asthmatic patients with proximal reflux. Benini, L; Bonella, F; Brotto, E; Corradini, G; De Iorio, F; Ferrari, M; Lo Cascio, V; Locatelli, F; Tacchella, N; Vantini, I, 2007)	2.12
"Treatment with omeprazole at an initial dosage of 0.7 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) (in 2 divided doses) was followed by dual-channel pH study after 14 days."	( Omeprazole for gastroesophageal reflux disease in the first 2 years of life: a dose-finding study with dual-channel pH monitoring. Bishop, J; Furman, M; Thomson, M, 2007)	2.12
"Pretreatment of omeprazole does not affect the absorption of domperidone maleate, but leads to a moderately decreased rate of absorption of the free base."	( Influence of omeprazole on pharmacokinetics of domperidone given as free base and maleate salt in healthy Chinese patients. Chen, XY; Dai, XJ; Liu, QZ; Yu, HL; Zhang, YF; Zhang, YN; Zhong, DF, 2007)	1.05
"Pretreatment with omeprazole (1 mg/kg) or ranitidine (0.5 mg/kg) almost completely prevented subsequent stimulation of acid secretion by histamine (40 micrograms/kg-h)."	( Comparison of the effect of omeprazole--a substituted benzimidazole--and ranitidine--a potent H2-receptor antagonist--on histamine-induced gastric acid secretion and the ultrastructure of canine parietal cells. Cieszkowsky, M; Dabroś, W; Konturek, J; Konturek, SJ; Stachura, J; Zakrzewska, J, 1983)	0.88
"Treatment with omeprazole plus two different antibiotics has also been used in a number of studies."	( The role of omeprazole and antibiotic combinations in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori--an update. Axon, AT, 1994)	1.01
"Treatment with omeprazole plus amoxicillin or clarithromycin resulted in encouraging Helicobacter pylori cure rates in pilot and controlled studies. "	( High-dose omeprazole plus amoxicillin or clarithromycin cures Helicobacter pylori infection in duodenal ulcer disease. Bertrams, J; Börsch, G; Domian, C; Labenz, J; Stolte, M, 1995)	1.05
"Treatment of omeprazole induces profound inhibition of gastric acid secretion, resulting in hypergastrinaemia. "	( Effect of enprostil on serum gastrin and pepsinogen A and C levels in patients on long-term treatment with omeprazole. Biemond, I; Jansen, JB; Kuijpers, IJ; Lamers, CB; Meijer, JL, 1994)	0.87
"Pretreatment with omeprazole did not significantly influence the bioavailability of CdA (51% vs 46% without), or the interindividual variability in bioavailability in the fasting state (C."	( On the bioavailability of 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (CdA). The influence of food and omeprazole. Albertioni, F; Juliusson, G; Liliemark, J, 1993)	0.83
"Pretreatment with omeprazole (5-40 mumol/kg) also, significantly attenuated the ET-1-induced mucosal damage."	( Gastric ulcer induced by submucosal injection of ET-1: role of potent vasoconstriction and intraluminal acid. Fukutomi, H; Goto, K; Kashimura, H; Lazaratos, S; Miyauchi, T; Nakahara, A; Osuga, T; Urushidani, T, 1993)	0.61
"Treatment with omeprazole for 2 weeks was also associated with lower cumulative antacid intake (P < 0.05) and reduced absenteeism from work."	( Omeprazole versus famotidine in the healing and relapse of duodenal ulcer. Dasarathy, S; Misra, SC; Sharma, MP, 1993)	2.07
"Treatment with omeprazole and amoxycillin could provide both rapid healing of ulcers and eradication of H."	( Compliance, adverse events and antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori treatment. Malfertheiner, P, 1993)	0.63
"Pretreatment with omeprazole (60 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) completely inhibited the acid secretory response and the enhancement of GMBF induced by both submaximal (60 micrograms/kg/hr) and maximal doses of pentagastrin."	( Pathways mediating pentagastrin-induced mucosal blood flow response in rat stomachs. Kato, S; Okabe, S; Takeuchi, K, 1996)	0.62
"Treatment with omeprazole 80 mg b.d."	( Dose-response of omeprazole combined with amoxycillin on duodenal ulcer healing and eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Braden, B; Lembcke, B; Londong, W; Pommerien, W; Schultze, V; Wrangstadh, M, 1996)	0.97
"Treatment with omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, for 2 months, followed by famotidine, resulted in clinical improvement with resolution of the gastroduodenal lesions and protein loss."	( Varioliform gastritis and duodenitis associated with protein-losing gastroenteropathy, treated with omeprazole. Kuroda, T; Miura, T; Murata, I; Otsuki, M; Tabaru, A; Yoshikawa, I, 1996)	0.85
"Treatment with omeprazole or placebo lasted 4 wk; those whose ulcers remained unhealed continued the same treatment regimen for an additional 4 wk. "	( Comparison of once-daily doses of omeprazole (40 and 20 mg) and placebo in the treatment of benign gastric ulcer: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind study. Colón Pagán, JR; Gilde, LR; Kogut, DG; McCullough, AJ; Shah, U; Simon, TJ; Valenzuela, JE; Whipple, J, 1996)	0.93
"Treatment with omeprazole 20 mg and amoxycillin 1000 mg twice daily for 14 days altered the normal microflora in the oral, gastric and intestinal tract and antibiotic resistant microorganisms increased in numbers in the intestinal microflora."	( Effects of omeprazole and amoxycillin on the human oral and gastrointestinal microflora in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection. Adamsson, I; Edlund, C; Nord, CE; Seensalu, R; Sjösted, S; Stark, CA; Wikström, B, 1996)	1.02
"Pretreatment with omeprazole evoked a 54% reduction in TNF-alpha, but had no effect on ethanol-induced mucosal damage or apoptosis, the sucralfate reduced the extent of mucosal damage by 95%, apoptosis by 39% and TNF-alpha by 52%, while ebrotidine not only prevented mucosal injury and rise in TNF-alpha, but also caused a 70% reduction in epithelial cells' apoptosis."	( Gastric mucosal apoptosis induced by ethanol: effect of antiulcer agents. Piotrowski, E; Piotrowski, J; Skrodzka, D; Slomiany, A; Slomiany, BL, 1997)	0.62
"Treatment with omeprazole, a long-acting proton pump inhibitor of acid secretion, induces hypergastrinemia. "	( Chicken parathyroid hormone gene expression in response to gastrin, omeprazole, ergocalciferol, and restricted food intake. Gagnemo-Persson, R; Hâkanson, R; Persson, P; Samuelsson, A, 1997)	0.89
"Pretreatment with omeprazole reduced gastric emptying rates. "	( A double-blind placebo-controlled study on the effects of omeprazole on gut hormone secretion and gastric emptying rate. Holst, JJ; Oster-Jørgensen, E; Pedersen, SA; Qvist, N; Rasmussen, L; Rehfeld, JF, 1997)	0.88
"Only treatment with omeprazole (P < 0.0001) and lower severity of heartburn at entry (P < 0.01) were significant in predicting heartburn relief."	( Omeprazole is more effective than cimetidine for the relief of all grades of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease-associated heartburn, irrespective of the presence or absence of endoscopic oesophagitis. Axon, AT; Bate, CM; Emmas, CE; Green, JR; Murray, FE; Taylor, MD; Tildesley, G, 1997)	2.05
"Treatment with omeprazole 20 mg every morning maintained significantly more patients in remission than treatment with ranitidine 150 mg at bedtime."	( Omeprazole and ranitidine in long-term treatment of duodenal ulcer: a double-blind comparison of length of time in remission. Aran-Suau, R; Berenguer, J; Caswell, C; Clerch, L; Da Silveira, JC; Diaz de Rojas, F; Garcia Aparicio, P; Rodrigo, L, 1998)	2.08
"Treatment with omeprazole 20-80 mg over 1-3 years has yielded conflicting but largely disappointing results."	( Continuous treatment with omeprazole 20 mg daily for up to 6 years in Barrett's oesophagus. Cooper, BT; Cox, MA; Iqbal, TH; Neumann, CS, 1998)	0.94
"Pretreatment with omeprazole did not reduce the cure rate for this new quadruple therapy."	( A new quadruple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Effect of pretreatment with omeprazole on the cure rate. Maeda, K; Nishimura, H; Oda, K; Ohkuma, K; Okabe, N; Okada, M; Oki, K; Seo, M; Shirotani, T, 1998)	0.84
"Treatment with omeprazole reduces the effect of ranitidine in H. "	( Treatment with proton pump inhibitors induces tolerance to histamine-2 receptor antagonists in Helicobacter pylori-negative patients. Arnestad, JS; Brenna, E; Qvigstad, G; Waldum, HL, 1998)	0.65
"Treatment with omeprazole (OME), azithromycin (AZI) and amoxicillin (AMO) resulted in encouraging Helicobacter pylori cure rates in pilot and control studies. "	( Omeprazole, azithromycin and amoxicillin or amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid in eradication of Helicobacter pylori in duodenal ulcer disease. Blazanović, A; Dmitrović, B; Ivandić, A; Karner, I; Kovac, D; Pezerović, D; Stimac, D; Stimac, T; Takac, B; Vcev, A; Vceva, A, 1998)	2.1
"Pretreatment with omeprazole significantly decreased this adherence in a dose-dependent manner (10(-6)-10(-4)mol/L)."	( Omeprazole attenuates neutrophil-endothelial cell adhesive interaction induced by extracts of Helicobacter pylori. Fukumura, D; Ishii, H; Miura, S; Mori, M; Suzuki, H; Suzuki, M, 1999)	2.07
"Treatment with omeprazole once daily has been shown to be superior to that with ranitidine and misoprostol in this respect."	( Quality of life in arthritis patients using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Wiklund, I, 1999)	0.64
"Pretreatment with omeprazole (30 mg/kg s.c.) did not suppress the gastric hemorrhage."	( Influence of rebamipide on indometacin-induced gastric hemorrhage in rats under restraint stress. Arakawa, T; Higuchi, K; Kobayashi, K; Kuroki, T; Takaishi, O; Yamasaki, K, 1999)	0.63
"Pretreatment with omeprazole was followed by a delay in gastric emptying of liquid at 30 min (64% (49%-66%) (omeprazole series) versus 78% (67%-83%); P < 0.01) and solid at 180 min (71% (48%-86%) (omeprazole series) versus 96% (87%-100%); P < 0.01)."	( The effects of omeprazole on intragastric pH, intestinal motility, and gastric emptying rate. Oster-Jørgensen, E; Pedersen, SA; Qvist, N; Rasmussen, L, 1999)	0.98
"Treatment with omeprazole not only decreased the need for further dilatations, but also prolonged the mean time between any further dilatations to 26.3 months compared to 9.3 months for those on an H2-receptor antagonist (P<0.0001)."	( Omeprazole therapy decreases the need for dilatation of peptic oesophageal strictures. Barbezat, GO; Lubcke, R; Schlup, M, 1999)	2.09
"Treatment with omeprazole or ranitidine, which completely suppressed gastric acid secretion and significantly raised plasma gastrin level, greatly reduced the formation of erosive lesions preventing the progression of these lesions to chronic gastric ulcers, and this was accompanied by the rise in gastric blood flow and plasma gastrin levels and the significant attenuation of plasma interleukin-1beta"	( Role of gastric acid secretion in progression of acute gastric erosions induced by ischemia-reperfusion into gastric ulcers. Bielanski, W; Brzozowski, T; Drozdowicz, D; Hahn, EG; Konturek, PC; Konturek, SJ; Kwiecieñ, S; Pajdo, R, 2000)	0.65
"Treatment with omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin resulted in eradication of the infection in all and in resolution of the clinical symptoms in 15 (80%) of 19 patients who had a follow-up examination."	( Helicobacter pylori infection in recurrent abdominal pain. Braegger, CP; Frank, F; Stallmach, T; Stricker, T, 2000)	0.65
"Pretreatment with omeprazole (15 mumol/kg) to suppress gastric acid secretion or with L-364,718 (5 mumol/kg) to antagonize CCK receptors in the diverted state, resulted in the decline in pancreatic secretion similar to that observed after opening the GF."	( Feedback control of pancreatic secretion in rats. Role of gastric acid secretion. Bilski, J; Konturek, PK; Konturek, SJ; Krzyzek, E, 1992)	0.61
"Treatment with omeprazole proved to be effective by stopping the vomiting immediately."	( [Severe hyperemesis gravidarum--pathophysiologic observations and new therapeutic approach]. Ditschuneit, H; Glasbrenner, B; Malfertheiner, P; Swobodnik, W, 1991)	0.62
"Treatment with omeprazole also failed to bring about healing of the ulceration which, at times, measured up to 10 cm in diameter."	( Failure of ranitidine and omeprazole treatment in eosinophilic gastritis with ulceration. Gail, K; Mihaljevic, L; Stolte, M, 1991)	0.92
"Pretreatment with omeprazole to suppress completely gastric acid secretion in the diverted state resulted in a decline in pancreatic secretion similar to that observed after opening the GF."	( The importance of gastric secretion in the feedback control of interdigestive and postprandial pancreatic secretion in rats. Bilski, J; Konturek, SJ; Krzyzek, E, 1991)	0.6
"Treatment with omeprazole for 14 days led to a profound hypergastrinemia, a twofold increase in antral gastrin stores, and a tenfold increase in messenger RNA."	( The secretory kinetics of the G cell in omeprazole-treated rats. Dimaline, R; Dockray, GJ; Evans, D; Hamer, C; Varro, A, 1991)	0.89
"100) treated with omeprazole and 31 of 69 patients (45 p."	( [Omeprazole (20 mg daily) compared to ranitidine (150 mg twice daily) in the treatment of esophagitis caused by reflux. Results of a double-blind randomized multicenter trial in France and Belgium]. Barbier, P; Carlsson, R; Eriksson, S; Isal, JP; Rampal, P; Zeitoun, P, 1989)	1.51
"Treatment with omeprazole, 20 mg, increased 24-hour plasma gastrin to the same extent as after highly selective vagotomy."	( Effect of omeprazole on gastric acid secretion and plasma gastrin in man. Cederberg, C; Lind, T; Olausson, M; Olbe, L, 1989)	1.02
"Treatment with omeprazole resulted not only in improvement of gastro-oesophageal reflux but also in alleviation of asthmatic symptoms and increases in expiratory peak flow values."	( Gastro-oesophageal reflux in patients with bronchial asthma. Depla, AC, 1989)	0.62
"Pretreatment with omeprazole significantly reduced the amount of cell damage brought about by sodium taurocholate (p less than 0.001)."	( Protection of gastric epithelial cell monolayers from a human cell line by omeprazole in vitro. Ivey, KJ; Razandi, M; Romano, M, 1989)	0.83
"Treatment with omeprazole also gave faster and more pronounced pain relief."	( Clinical perspectives of drugs inhibiting acid secretion--H+K+-ATPase inhibitors. Walan, A, 1986)	0.61
"Treatment with omeprazole also raised stomach weight and antral gastrin and gastrin cell density, reduced antral somatostatin cell density, but did not affect enterochromaffin cell density."	( Time-course of development and reversal of gastric endocrine cell hyperplasia after inhibition of acid secretion. Studies with omeprazole and ranitidine in intact and antrectomized rats. Carlsson, E; Håkanson, R; Larsson, H; Mattsson, H; Nilsson, G; Seensalu, R; Sundler, F; Wallmark, B, 1988)	0.82
"Pretreatment with omeprazole partially restored a quantitative reduction and a qualitative change of carbohydrate portion in corpus mucus glycoprotein induced by acetylsalicylic acid."	( Effects of omeprazole on rat gastric mucus glycoproteins with acetylsalicylic acid-induced gastric damage. Hotta, K; Ishihara, K; Kuwata, H; Murayama, N; Ohara, S, )	0.84
"Treatment with omeprazole was evaluated in nine patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, in whom the effect of H2-receptor antagonists had become inadequate. "	( Omeprazole in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Bardram, L; Stadil, F, 1986)	2.07

Toxicity

Omeprazole has been linked to methotrexate toxicity. Since September 1989, 143 adverse reactions have been reported to pharmacovigilance centres. 37 neurological and psychiatric side effects, especially confusion in patients with hepatic diseases and/or advanced age.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The pattern of adverse events reported during long-term treatment was similar to the adverse-event profile in short-term treatment with omeprazole (n = 2,818), ranitidine (n = 1,572) and cimetidine (n = 891)."	( Safety experience from long-term treatment with omeprazole. Joelson, IB; Joelson, S; Lundborg, P; Walan, A; Wallander, MA, 1992)	0.74
"Although most clinical trials encompass aspects of safety, methods for assessing the safety of a drug by recording adverse events have been poorly studied."	( Adverse event monitoring in clinical trials of felodipine and omeprazole. Lundborg, P; Svärdsudd, K; Wallander, MA, 1992)	0.52
" In conclusion, omeprazole was far superior to ranitidine in preventing recurrence, a goal achieved without adverse events and significant abnormalities in the oxyntic mucosal exocrine or endocrine cells but with a moderate increase in basal gastrin levels."	( Prevention of relapse of reflux esophagitis after endoscopic healing: the efficacy and safety of omeprazole compared with ranitidine. Backman, L; Ekström, P; Enander, LK; Falkmer, S; Fausa, O; Grimelius, L; Havu, N; Lind, T; Lönroth, H; Lundell, L, 1991)	0.84
" Both drugs were generally well tolerated, and the number of adverse events in the two treatment groups were similar."	( The effect of omeprazole and ranitidine on ulcer healing, relief of symptoms, and incidence of adverse events in the treatment of duodenal ulcer patients. Backman, L; Granström, L; Kager, L; Kollberg, B; Lindberg, G; Moberg, S; Nilsson, LH; Seensalu, R; Sidenvall, L; Sörstad, J, 1991)	0.64
" Isolated, non-specific adverse events which might be attributable to omeprazole have included nausea, dizziness, headache and diarrhoea."	( The clinical safety of omeprazole. Sölvell, L, 1990)	0.82
" During maintenance therapy with omeprazole, no endoscopically verified relapses occurred, and no drug-related adverse effects were seen."	( Efficacy and safety of omeprazole in the long-term treatment of peptic ulcer and reflux oesophagitis resistant to ranitidine. Brunner, GH; Creutzfeldt, W; Lamberts, R, 1990)	0.87
" This therapeutic advantage was achieved without adverse events and without significant abnormalities in the endocrine or exocrine cell population of the oxyntic mucosa."	( Prevention of relapse of reflux oesophagitis after endoscopic healing: the efficacy and safety of omeprazole compared with ranitidine. Lundell, L, 1990)	0.5
" The incidence of serious adverse events reported in comparative short-term studies with H2-receptor antagonists and placebo were similar."	( The clinical safety of omeprazole. Sölvell, L, 1989)	0.59
" A search for adverse events during short-term treatment with omeprazole has been made, based on data from published comparative trials, data on file at the manufactor's (Hässle Research Laboratories, Mölndal, Sweden) and personal series."	( Safety profile of omeprazole. Adverse events with short-term treatment. Nelis, GF, 1989)	0.85
"Based on the experience from more than 10,000 individuals omeprazole has been found to be safe and is well tolerated."	( Omeprazole: long-term safety. Arnold, R; Koop, H, 1989)	1.96
" The lack of significant adverse effects has revealed a degree of tolerability that, to write a review of the adverse effects, poses a difficult task."	( A comparative overview of the adverse effects of antiulcer drugs. Piper, DW, 1995)	0.29
"There is an extensive literature on the adverse effects of drugs that inhibit gastric acid secretion."	( Safety of acid-suppressing drugs. Berlin, RG; Castagnoli, N; Festen, HP; Hawkey, CJ; Lam, SK; Langman, MJ; Lundborg, P; Parkinson, A; Smallwood, RA, 1995)	0.29
" The H2 antagonists differ in potency, pharmacodynamic effect, pharmacokinetics in certain patient groups, drug interactions, and adverse effects."	( Efficacy, safety, and cost issues in managing patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Garnett, WR, 1993)	0.29
" Since September 1989, 143 adverse reactions have been reported to pharmacovigilance centres and Astra France: 37 neurological and psychiatric side effects, especially confusion in patients with hepatic diseases and/or advanced age; 35 cutaneous reactions, generally rash and urticaria; 22 hematological effects: leucopenia and agranulocytosis have been reported but the relation with omeprazole is very uncertain; 10 gastrointestinal effects, generally diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain; 8 hepatic disorders, especially moderate elevation of aminotransferases."	( [Evaluation of unexpected and toxic effects of omeprazole (Mopral) reported to the regional centers of pharmacovigilance during the first 22 postmarketing months]. Bidault, I; Castot, A; Dahan, R; Efthymiou, ML, )	0.56
" Minor adverse events include headache, diarrhoea, dizziness, pruritus and rash."	( Safety of proton pump inhibitors--an overview. Arnold, R, 1994)	0.29
" No significant pathological findings were noted, and no adverse events were attributable to the study treatments."	( Omeprazole v ranitidine for prevention of relapse in reflux oesophagitis. A controlled double blind trial of their efficacy and safety. Dent, J; Hetzel, DJ; Mackinnon, M; Narielvala, FM; Reed, W; Shearman, DJ; Solcia, E; Yeomans, ND, 1994)	1.73
" Omeprazole appears to be safe for short-term use, but further studies are needed to assess long-term safety because the significance of chronically elevated gastrin levels in children is unknown."	( Efficacy and safety of omeprazole for severe gastroesophageal reflux in children. Gunasekaran, TS; Hassall, EG, 1993)	1.51
" The use of such therapies, however, may be impeded by a number of major disadvantages, including reduced patient compliance, the incidence of adverse events and primary or acquired antibiotic resistance."	( Compliance, adverse events and antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori treatment. Malfertheiner, P, 1993)	0.29
" These results demonstrate that lansoprazole is a safe and effective inhibitor of gastric acid hypersecretion in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome."	( Prospective study of efficacy and safety of lansoprazole in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Feigenbaum, K; Gardner, JD; Jensen, RT; Koviack, PD; Maton, PN; Metz, DC; Pisegna, JR; Ringham, GL, 1993)	0.29
" Zimeldine was launched in the international market but had to be withdrawn when it caused severe unexpected adverse reactions."	( Problems with toxicity studies in the assessment of new drugs. Werkö, L, 1993)	0.29
" These results demonstrate that long-term treatment with lansoprazole is both safe and effective in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and suggest that this drug will be useful in such patients."	( Prospective study of the long-term efficacy and safety of lansoprazole in patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Feigenbaum, KM; Jensen, RT; Koviack, PD; Metz, DC, 1993)	0.29
"7%) were the most commonly reported adverse events."	( Safety of lansoprazole. Colin-Jones, DG, 1993)	0.29
"The LCM1 regimen consisting of 30 mg lansoprazole once daily, 200 mg clarithromycin twice daily, and 250 mg metronidazole twice daily (the regular doses in ordinary use in Japan) is a highly effective and safe regimen for Japanese patients."	( The efficacy and safety of one-week triple therapy with lansoprazole, clarithromycin, and metronidazole for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japanese patients. Ido, K; Kihira, K; Kimura, K; Saifuku, K; Satoh, K; Seki, M; Takimoto, T; Taniguchi, Y; Yoshida, Y, 1997)	0.3
" Fifty-four (24%) patients experienced adverse events; 15 of these withdrew."	( One-year prophylactic efficacy and safety of pantoprazole in controlling gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with healed reflux oesophagitis. Koop, H; Maier, C; Mössner, J; Porst, H; Schneider, A; Wübbolding, H, 1997)	0.3
" There were no clinically significant effects on patient laboratory tests or serious adverse events."	( An ascending single-dose safety and tolerance study of an oral formulation of rabeprazole (E3810). Barbuti, RC; Humphries, TJ; Kovacs, TO; Lew, EA; Sytnic, B; Walsh, JH, 1998)	0.3
" The most common side effects were loose stools, headache, and taste disturbance, but there were no serious adverse events related to the study medication."	( Safety and efficacy of rabeprazole in combination with four antibiotic regimens for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with chronic gastritis with or without peptic ulceration. Atherton, JC; Cockayne, A; Hawkey, CJ; Jenkins, D; Knifton, A; Stack, WA; Thirlwell, D, 1998)	0.3
" Neither adverse events nor carcinoid tumors were observed."	( [Effectiveness and safety of lansoprazole in the treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. First six months of treatment]. Cadiot, G; Coste, T; Escourrou, J; Forestier, S; Mignon, M; Pospaï, D; Ruszniewski, P, 1998)	0.3
" Adverse events, laboratory value changes and gastric biopsy changes that occurred during treatment were compared statistically for differences between treatments."	( Safety profile of Lansoprazole: the US clinical trial experience. Freston, JW; Haber, M; Heller, CA; Jennings, D; Rose, PA, 1999)	0.3
"The incidence of adverse events and number of patients discontinuing treatment because of adverse events was similar for lansoprazole and comparative agents."	( Safety profile of Lansoprazole: the US clinical trial experience. Freston, JW; Haber, M; Heller, CA; Jennings, D; Rose, PA, 1999)	0.3
"Argon plasma coagulation in an acid-controlled environment was both efficacious and safe in the treatment of Barrett's esophagus."	( The efficacy and safety of argon plasma coagulation therapy in Barrett's esophagus. Grade, AJ; Medlin, SM; Ramirez, FC; Shah, IA, 1999)	0.3
" For patients, temporarily unable to take oral medications, this regimen offers safe and reliable gastric acid suppression and allows the possibility of changing between the oral and intravenous administration without the need for dose adjustment."	( Efficacy and safety of pantoprazole in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease using an intravenous-oral regimen. Austrian Intravenous Pantoprazole Study Group. Bethke, T; Fischer, R; Luhmann, R; Riesenhuber, C; Schutze, K; Wurzer, H, )	0.13
"Of the 178 adverse events, experienced by 88 (56%) patients (intention-to-treat population), 12 (7%) were assessed by the investigators as possibly related to the study medication."	( Safety and efficacy of pantoprazole 40 mg daily as relapse prophylaxis in patients with healed reflux oesophagitis-a 2-year follow-up. Eloff, FP; Fischer, R; Grundling, HD; Honiball, PJ; Louw, JA; Simjee, AE; Spies, SK; Theron, I; Van Rensburg, CJ; Van Zyl, JH, 1999)	0.3
"Pantoprazole 40 mg proved to be safe and efficacious during a 2-year prophylaxis treatment in patients with healed reflux oesophagitis."	( Safety and efficacy of pantoprazole 40 mg daily as relapse prophylaxis in patients with healed reflux oesophagitis-a 2-year follow-up. Eloff, FP; Fischer, R; Grundling, HD; Honiball, PJ; Louw, JA; Simjee, AE; Spies, SK; Theron, I; Van Rensburg, CJ; Van Zyl, JH, 1999)	0.3
"The adverse effect profile of proton-pump inhibitors is presented."	( Safety profile of the proton-pump inhibitors. Reilly, JP, 1999)	0.3
" In conclusion, omeprazole paste is safe for use in horses as demonstrated in studies with foals and mature horses."	( Safety of omeprazole paste in foals and mature horses. Attebery, DK; Cox, JL; Daurio, C; Plue, RE; Wall, HG; Wallace, DH, 1999)	1.05
" A paste formulation of omeprazole, administered at a dose of 4 mg/kg bwt once daily for 28 days, was determined to be highly acceptable to the foals and yearlings we studied, and no adverse effects attributable to the medication were noted."	( Safety, acceptability and endoscopic findings in foals and yearling horses treated with a paste formulation of omeprazole for twenty-eight days. Cooper, VA; Cooper, WL; Cox, JL; Eichorn, ES; Holste, JE; Murray, MJ; Stanier, WB, 1999)	0.82
" Safety evaluations, which included adverse events, vital signs, clinical laboratory determinations, ECG, and physical examinations, revealed no unexpected clinically significant findings and did not suggest a drug-drug interaction."	( Lack of interaction between lansoprazole and propranolol, a pharmacokinetic and safety assessment. Cavanaugh, JH; Karol, MD; Locke, CS, 2000)	0.31
" The adverse event profile was as might be expected from this elderly group of patients."	( Long-term omeprazole treatment in resistant gastroesophageal reflux disease: efficacy, safety, and influence on gastric mucosa. Dent, J; Frame, MH; Havu, N; Klinkenberg-Knol, EC; Lloyd, D; Mitchell, B; Nelis, F; Prichard, P; Romàn, J; Snel, P; Walan, A, 2000)	0.71
"Long-term omeprazole therapy (up to 11 years) is highly effective and safe for control of reflux esophagitis."	( Long-term omeprazole treatment in resistant gastroesophageal reflux disease: efficacy, safety, and influence on gastric mucosa. Dent, J; Frame, MH; Havu, N; Klinkenberg-Knol, EC; Lloyd, D; Mitchell, B; Nelis, F; Prichard, P; Romàn, J; Snel, P; Walan, A, 2000)	1.11
"We compared the gastric toxic effect of aspirin (ASA) in both normal and diabetic rats, with that of NCX-4016, a derivative of ASA with nitric oxide (NO) releasing moiety."	( Lack of gastric toxicity of nitric oxide-releasing aspirin, NCX-4016, in the stomach of diabetic rats. Fujita, A; Takeuchi, K; Tashima, K; Umeda, M, 2000)	0.31
"To estimate the rates of common adverse events in patients treated with the proton pump inhibitors omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole in general practice in England."	( The rates of common adverse events reported during treatment with proton pump inhibitors used in general practice in England: cohort studies. Dunn, NR; Freemantle, S; Martin, RM; Shakir, S, 2000)	0.52
"Omeprazole is well tolerated, highly effective, and safe for treatment of erosive esophagitis and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux in children, including children in whom antireflux surgery or other medical therapy has failed."	( Omeprazole for treatment of chronic erosive esophagitis in children: a multicenter study of efficacy, safety, tolerability and dose requirements. International Pediatric Omeprazole Study Group. Dalväg, A; Hassall, E; Israel, D; Junghard, O; Lundborg, P; Radke, M; Shepherd, R; Sköld, B, 2000)	3.19
" Gastrointestinal symptoms, documentation of adverse events, and standard laboratory examinations were assessed at each visit."	( Comparison of the efficacy and safety of different formulations of omeprazole-based triple therapies in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori-positive peptic ulcer. Baik, SK; Cho, MY; Jeong, YS; Kim, HS; Kim, JW; Kim, KH; Kwon, SO; Lee, DK; Seo, JI, 2001)	0.55
" The most common adverse events in both treatment groups were headache, diarrhea, and nausea."	( Efficacy and safety of esomeprazole compared with omeprazole in GERD patients with erosive esophagitis: a randomized controlled trial. Breiter, JR; Hamelin, B; Hwang, C; Johanson, J; Kahrilas, PJ; Levine, JG; Marino, V; Maton, P; Richter, JE, 2001)	0.61
" We performed serial endoscopy, checked for adverse events, and laboratory values."	( Pantoprazole therapy in the long-term management of severe acid peptic disease: clinical efficacy, safety, serum gastrin, gastric histology, and endocrine cell studies. Bardhan, KD; Bishop, AE; Cherian, P; Fischer, R; Lühmann, R; McCaldin, B; Morris, P; Ng, W; Perry, MJ; Polak, JM; Romanska, H; Rowland, A; Schneider, A; Thompson, M, 2001)	0.31
" Treatment was safe; only four patients had adverse events definitely related to pantoprazole."	( Pantoprazole therapy in the long-term management of severe acid peptic disease: clinical efficacy, safety, serum gastrin, gastric histology, and endocrine cell studies. Bardhan, KD; Bishop, AE; Cherian, P; Fischer, R; Lühmann, R; McCaldin, B; Morris, P; Ng, W; Perry, MJ; Polak, JM; Romanska, H; Rowland, A; Schneider, A; Thompson, M, 2001)	0.31
" We conclude that the use of intravenous P allows a safe and efficient control of the acid ipersecretion in patients with ZES."	( [Efficacy and safety of intravenously administered pantoprazole in the treatment of gastrinoma]. Modlin, IM, )	0.13
" No drug related severe adverse event was reported."	( [Complementary observational study of the efficacy, tolerance and safety of lansoprazole 15 mg as maintenance therapy of reflux esophagitis in daily medical practice in Belgium (record RU49749/R002]. Azerad, MA; Fassotte, C; Penson, J; Puttemans, M, 2001)	0.31
" The adverse effects were minimal and transitory."	( [Evaluation of efficacy, safety and tolerability rabeprazole in treatment of acid-peptic diseases ]. Chinzon, D; de Freitas, JA; Fragoso, HJ; Lima, LM; Olivieri, JC; Ranieri, JL, )	0.13
" Pre- and post-treatment peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures were prepared from 17 patients and 25 metaphases per patients were analysed for sister chromatid exchange (SCE), a well-established technique for the evaluation of human exposure to toxic agents."	( The role of triple therapy, age, gender and smoking on the genotoxic effects of Helicobacter pylori infection. Demiray, M; Ercan, I; Evke, E; Gulten, M; Gulten, T; Karakaya, AE; Sardas, S; Tokyay, N, )	0.13
" Pantoprazole was safe and well tolerated."	( Efficacy and safety of oral pantoprazole 20 mg given once daily for reflux esophagitis in children. Delgado, J; Dibildox, M; Gonzalez, J; Madrazo-de la Garza, A; Vargas, A; Yañez, P, 2003)	0.32
" All three were safe and well tolerated during 5 years of treatment."	( A randomized, double-blind trial of the efficacy and safety of 10 or 20 mg rabeprazole compared with 20 mg omeprazole in the maintenance of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease over 5 years. Bardhan, KD; Fiocca, R; Humphries, TJ; Miller, N; Morocutti, A; Rindi, G; Thjodleifsson, B, 2003)	0.53
" Safety for all study participants was monitored by adverse event reports and laboratory evaluations."	( Safety of lansoprazole in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children. Fitzgerald, J; Hassall, E; Huang, B; Kane, R; Pilmer, B; Tolia, V, 2002)	0.31
" Throughout the treatment period, no child discontinued therapy because of an adverse event and no clinically significant changes in laboratory values were observed."	( Safety of lansoprazole in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children. Fitzgerald, J; Hassall, E; Huang, B; Kane, R; Pilmer, B; Tolia, V, 2002)	0.31
"Lansoprazole, when administered on the basis of body weight in children between 1 and 11 years of age, is safe and well-tolerated."	( Safety of lansoprazole in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children. Fitzgerald, J; Hassall, E; Huang, B; Kane, R; Pilmer, B; Tolia, V, 2002)	0.31
"To estimate the frequency of adverse events and drug interactions reported to the Food and Drug Administration in patients receiving omeprazole, lansoprazole or pantoprazole."	( A summary of Food and Drug Administration-reported adverse events and drug interactions occurring during therapy with omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole. Koelz, HR; Labenz, J; Petersen, KU; Rösch, W, 2003)	0.73
"The study involved a search of the Food and Drug Administration's database for adverse events and drug interactions with omeprazole, lansoprazole or pantoprazole as primary or secondary suspect drug."	( A summary of Food and Drug Administration-reported adverse events and drug interactions occurring during therapy with omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole. Koelz, HR; Labenz, J; Petersen, KU; Rösch, W, 2003)	0.74
"Outpatient management is safe for patients with non-variceal upper-GI bleeding who are at low risk of recurrent bleeding and death."	( A randomized study of the safety of outpatient care for patients with bleeding peptic ulcer treated by endoscopic injection. Brullet, E; Cabrol, J; Calvet, X; Campo, R; Garcia-Monforte, N; Guell, M, 2004)	0.32
" Safety evaluations included adverse events and laboratory assessments."	( Efficacy and safety of pantoprazole versus ranitidine in the treatment of patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease. Fischer, R; van Rensburg, C; van Zyl, J; Vieweg, W, 2004)	0.32
"3%) and there were no serious adverse events."	( The efficacy, safety and tolerability of pantoprazole-based one-week triple therapy in H. pylori eradication and duodenal ulcer healing. Akarsu, M; Bozbas, A; Hulagu, S; Kadayifci, A; Koruk, M; Savas, MC; Simsek, I; Sivri, B; Tozun, N; Uraz, S, 2004)	0.32
" Only four patients had adverse events considered to be definitely related to pantoprazole."	( Pantoprazole in severe acid-peptic disease: the effectiveness and safety of 5 years' continuous treatment. Bardhan, KD; Bishop, AE; Luehmann, R; McCaldin, B; Morris, P; Polak, JM; Romanska, HM; Rowland, A; Schaefer-Preuss, S; Thompson, M, 2005)	0.33
" Treatment-related adverse events were reported by 19% of patients with non-erosive and 4% of patients with erosive esophagitis."	( Efficacy and safety of lansoprazole in adolescents with symptomatic erosive and non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease. Fiedorek, S; Gold, BD; Gremse, D; Huang, B; Lee, C; Stolle, J; Tolia, V, 2005)	0.33
"A total of 119 Japanese patients with recurrent reflux oesophagitis underwent cytochrome P450 2C19 genotyping prior to receiving daily omeprazole 10 mg or 20 mg for 6-12 months, during which adverse event frequency, serum gastrin levels and endoscopic findings were monitored."	( Effect of CYP2C19 polymorphism on the safety and efficacy of omeprazole in Japanese patients with recurrent reflux oesophagitis. Aoyama, N; Arakawa, T; Chida, N; Fujimoto, K; Hamada, S; Hoshino, E; Inoue, M; Kawahara, Y; Konda, Y; Maekawa, T; Mine, T; Mitachi, Y; Nagai, T; Nakajima, M; Ohkusa, T; Sato, N; Seno, H; Shimatani, T; Tadokoro, K; Yoshida, N, 2005)	0.77
"The incidences of adverse events, serious adverse events and adverse events leading to withdrawal did not differ between homozygous extensive metabolizer (n = 46), heterozygous extensive metabolizer (n = 53) or poor metabolizer (n = 20) groups."	( Effect of CYP2C19 polymorphism on the safety and efficacy of omeprazole in Japanese patients with recurrent reflux oesophagitis. Aoyama, N; Arakawa, T; Chida, N; Fujimoto, K; Hamada, S; Hoshino, E; Inoue, M; Kawahara, Y; Konda, Y; Maekawa, T; Mine, T; Mitachi, Y; Nagai, T; Nakajima, M; Ohkusa, T; Sato, N; Seno, H; Shimatani, T; Tadokoro, K; Yoshida, N, 2005)	0.57
"5 million adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports for 8620 drugs/biologics that are listed for 1191 Coding Symbols for Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction (COSTAR) terms of adverse effects."	( Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling. Benz, RD; Contrera, JF; Kruhlak, NL; Matthews, EJ; Weaver, JL, 2004)	0.32
" No significant adverse effects were reported."	( Efficacy and safety of rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and gatifloxacin after treatment failure of initial Helicobacter pylori eradication. Abdul-Baki, H; Aoun, E; Araj, GF; Chaar, HF; Kanj, SS; Sharara, AI, 2006)	0.33
" In the present article, the adverse effects of PPIs are reviewed, with special emphasis on those related to their continued administration and on the special circumstances of patients, as in the case of the elderly, those with liver failure, pregnant and breastfeeding mothers and children."	( [Safety of proton pump inhibitors]. Esplugues, JV; Martí-Cabrera, M; Ponce, J, 2006)	0.33
" Protonic pump inhibitors (PPI) are considered to be the correct therapy in the treatment of peptic ulcers, as they have proven to be safe and efficient."	( [Protonic pump inhibitors in kidney transplant patients: efficacy and safety]. Cianciolo, G; Comai, G; Feliciangeli, G; Stefoni, S, 2007)	0.34
" A retrospective review of children receiving PPI therapy continuously for 1 year or more with baseline and follow-up esophageal and gastric biopsies on treatment was conducted to assess type, frequency, and duration of PPI dosing, symptom relief, gastrin levels, histologic findings, and adverse events."	( Long-term proton pump inhibitor use in children: a retrospective review of safety. Boyer, K; Tolia, V, 2008)	0.35
" However, the adverse event database of newly marketed drugs is limited, and it is only after widespread clinical use that the adverse effect profile of a drug is ascertained more comprehensively."	( Safety profile of esomeprazole: results of a prescription-event monitoring study of 11 595 patients in England. Davies, M; Shakir, SA; Wilton, LV, 2008)	0.67
" Adverse events that occurred significantly more often in the first month of treatment with esomeprazole compared with months 2-6 included diarrhoea, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, headache/migraine, intolerance, malaise/lassitude, pruritus, unspecified adverse effects and abnormal sensation."	( Safety profile of esomeprazole: results of a prescription-event monitoring study of 11 595 patients in England. Davies, M; Shakir, SA; Wilton, LV, 2008)	0.89
"The AstraZeneca ARIADNE safety database was searched for comparative, controlled phase II-IV randomized, blinded clinical studies with esomeprazole and standard reporting of all adverse events (AEs)."	( Occurrence of community-acquired respiratory tract infection in patients receiving esomeprazole: retrospective analysis of adverse events in 31 clinical trials. Estborn, L; Joelson, S, 2008)	0.77
" CYP1A1-inducible chemicals, such as benzo[a]pyrene and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, are known to have adverse effects (i."	( Omeprazole alleviates benzo[a]pyrene cytotoxicity by inhibition of CYP1A1 activity in human and mouse hepatoma cells. Kawanishi, M; Ohsako, S; Shiizaki, K; Yagi, T, 2008)	1.79
"To explore whether proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) possess anti-inflammatory effects on microglia, we investigated the effect of lansoprazole (LPZ) and omeprazole (OPZ) on the toxic action towards SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells of supernatants from human microglia and THP-1 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide combined with interferon-gamma."	( Proton pump inhibitors exert anti-inflammatory effects and decrease human microglial and monocytic THP-1 cell neurotoxicity. Hashioka, S; Klegeris, A; McGeer, PL, 2009)	0.55
" The secondary outcome measure was the proportion of patients who experienced therapy-related adverse effects during anti-H pylori treatment."	( Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: effect of lactobacillus GG supplementation on Helicobacter pylori eradication rates and side effects during treatment in children. Albrecht, P; Szajewska, H; Topczewska-Cabanek, A, 2009)	0.35
" The groups did not differ with respect to adverse effects."	( Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: effect of lactobacillus GG supplementation on Helicobacter pylori eradication rates and side effects during treatment in children. Albrecht, P; Szajewska, H; Topczewska-Cabanek, A, 2009)	0.35
" No major adverse events occurred in both groups."	( A randomized controlled trial: efficacy and safety of azithromycin, ofloxacin, bismuth, and omeprazole compared with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, bismuth, and omeprazole as second-line therapy in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection. Davarpanah Jazi, AH; Fatahi, F; Minakari, M; Moghareabed, N; Shavakhi, A, 2010)	0.58
" Secondary end-points were the rate of control of chronic cough at each step of therapy, the duration of treatment required, changes in cough symptom score, health-related quality of life and possible adverse effects."	( Efficacy and safety of modified sequential three-step empirical therapy for chronic cough. Li, X; Liang, S; Liu, B; Lü, H; Qiu, Z; Wang, L; Wang, Y; Wei, W; Yu, L, 2010)	0.36
" Omeprazole acts by selectively oxidizing thiol targets in the gastric proton pump, but it also appears to be toxic to the gastric mucosa."	( Antioxidant pre-treatment prevents omeprazole-induced toxicity in an in vitro model of infectious gastritis. Blass, AL; Kohler, JE; Liu, J; Soybel, DI; Tai, K, 2010)	1.55
" There was no difference among the treatment groups with regard to the incidence and severity of adverse events reported."	( Efficacy and safety of Levofloxacin, Clarithromycin and Esomeprazol as first line triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in Middle East. Prospective, randomized, blind, comparative, multicenter study. Abdelfatah, M; Assem, M; El Azab, G; Rasheed, MA; Shastery, M, 2010)	0.36
" Rates of congenital malformations in PPIs exposed and unexposed pregnancies, as well as other adverse fetal effects were compared."	( The safety of fetal exposure to proton-pump inhibitors during pregnancy. Gorodischer, R; Koren, G; Levy, A; Matok, I; Uziel, E; Wiznitzer, A, 2012)	0.38
" However, a randomized controlled trial that compared clopidogrel alone with the combination of clopidogrel and omeprazole found no increase in adverse cardiovascular outcomes and a reduction in the rate of adverse gastrointestinal outcomes attributable to omeprazole."	( Recent safety concerns with proton pump inhibitors. Chen, J; Howden, CW; Leontiadis, GI; Yuan, YC, 2012)	0.59
"The physicochemical properties of racemates and stereoisomers of medicines can differ significantly, and this may affect the side-effect profile in addition to the pharmacokinetics and intended pharmacology."	( Safety profile of enantiomers vs. racemic mixtures: it's the same? Bagheri, H; Caillet, C; Chauvelot-Moachon, L; Montastruc, JL, 2012)	0.38
"This is a study to investigate the profile of adverse drug reactions of racemic and enantiomeric forms of drugs."	( Safety profile of enantiomers vs. racemic mixtures: it's the same? Bagheri, H; Caillet, C; Chauvelot-Moachon, L; Montastruc, JL, 2012)	0.38
" A case-noncase approach was used to measure the disproportionality of combination between adverse drug reaction (ADR) and exposure to drug."	( Safety profile of enantiomers vs. racemic mixtures: it's the same? Bagheri, H; Caillet, C; Chauvelot-Moachon, L; Montastruc, JL, 2012)	0.38
" Although use of the Naranjo adverse reaction probability scale indicated a probable relationship (score of 6) between the patient's development of methotrexate toxicity and omeprazole use, we believe this was a drug-drug interaction case consistent with previous reports in the literature."	( Suspected methotrexate toxicity from omeprazole: a case review of carboxypeptidase G2 use in a methotrexate-experienced patient with methotrexate toxicity and a review of the literature. Antonia, SJ; Goetz, D; Haura, EB; McBride, A, 2012)	0.85
" In this study, the reports submitted to the Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS) of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) were evaluated to assess omeprazole and esomeprazole in terms of susceptibility to hypomagnesaemia."	( Omeprazole- and esomeprazole-associated hypomagnesaemia: data mining of the public version of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System. Kadoyama, K; Okuno, Y; Sakaeda, T; Tamura, T, 2012)	2.02
", an association between a drug and an adverse drug event, including the proportional reporting ratio, the reporting odds ratio, the information component given by a Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and the empirical Bayes geometric mean."	( Omeprazole- and esomeprazole-associated hypomagnesaemia: data mining of the public version of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System. Kadoyama, K; Okuno, Y; Sakaeda, T; Tamura, T, 2012)	1.82
"A total of 22,017,956 co-occurrences were found in 1,644,220 reports from 2004 to 2009, where a co-occurrence was a pair of a drug and an adverse drug event."	( Omeprazole- and esomeprazole-associated hypomagnesaemia: data mining of the public version of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System. Kadoyama, K; Okuno, Y; Sakaeda, T; Tamura, T, 2012)	1.82
" Incidence of moderate-to-severe abdominal symptoms and discontinuation of treatment due to GI adverse events (AEs) were lower in the celecoxib group."	( Efficacy and safety of celecoxib versus diclofenac and omeprazole in elderly arthritis patients: a subgroup analysis of the CONDOR trial. Essex, MN; Kellner, HL; Li, C, 2012)	0.63
" Adverse events were rare (2."	( [Efficacy and safety of OTC omeprazole]. Labenz, J; Willmer, C, 2012)	0.67
" No serious adverse events were observed in any of the patients in either group."	( Efficacy and safety of 1-week Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy and 7-week rebamipide treatment after endoscopic submucosal dissection of early gastric cancer in comparison with 8-week PPI standard treatment: a randomized, controlled, prospective, m Azuma, T; Higuchi, K; Iguchi, M; Machida, H; Morita, Y; Naito, Y; Takeuchi, T; Takeuchi, Y; Tamada, T; Tominaga, K; Uedo, N; Yagi, N; Yamao, J; Yazumi, S, 2015)	0.42
" Serious adverse events were not observed in either group."	( Efficacy and safety of 1-week Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy and 7-week rebamipide treatment after endoscopic submucosal dissection of early gastric cancer in comparison with 8-week PPI standard treatment: a randomized, controlled, prospective, m Azuma, T; Higuchi, K; Iguchi, M; Machida, H; Morita, Y; Naito, Y; Takeuchi, T; Takeuchi, Y; Tamada, T; Tominaga, K; Uedo, N; Yagi, N; Yamao, J; Yazumi, S, 2015)	0.42
" We used recombinant technology and enzyme inactivation to demonstrate the capacity of omeprazole to inactivate giardial triosephosphate isomerase, with no adverse effects on its human counterpart."	( Giardial triosephosphate isomerase as possible target of the cytotoxic effect of omeprazole in Giardia lamblia. Castillo-Villanueva, A; de la Mora-de la Mora, I; Enríquez-Flores, S; Figueroa-Salazar, R; García-Torres, I; Gómez-Manzo, S; Gutiérrez-Castrellón, P; Hernández-Alcántara, G; López-Velázquez, G; Marcial-Quino, J; Méndez, ST; Oria-Hernández, J; Reyes-Vivas, H; Torres-Arroyo, A; Vanoye-Carlo, A; Yépez-Mulia, L, 2014)	0.85
"To establish the efficiency and adverse effects of the addition of bismuth subsalicylate to triple eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection."	( [Addition of bismuth subsalicylate to triple eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: efficiency and adverse events]. Díaz Ferrer, J; Hinostroza Morales, D, )	0.13
" The adverse events of both groups were: diarrhea (10."	( [Addition of bismuth subsalicylate to triple eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: efficiency and adverse events]. Díaz Ferrer, J; Hinostroza Morales, D, )	0.13
" Reported serious adverse events (SAEs) and changes in laboratory variables were analysed."	( Long-term safety of proton pump inhibitor therapy assessed under controlled, randomised clinical trial conditions: data from the SOPRAN and LOTUS studies. Attwood, SE; Eklund, S; Ell, C; Fiocca, R; Galmiche, JP; Hasselgren, B; Hatlebakk, JG; Jahreskog, M; Långström, G; Lind, T; Lundell, L, 2015)	0.42
" Adverse events (AEs) caused study withdrawal in 13."	( Long-Term Safety of a Coordinated Delivery Tablet of Enteric-Coated Aspirin 325 mg and Immediate-Release Omeprazole 40 mg for Secondary Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Patients at GI Risk. Cryer, BL; Eisen, GM; Fort, JG; Goldstein, JL; Lanas, A; Scheiman, JM; Whellan, DJ, 2016)	0.65
"Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been proved as safe and effective ways to treat patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD)."	( The efficacy and safety of proton-pump inhibitors in treating patients with non-erosive reflux disease: a network meta-analysis. Chen, L; Chen, Y; Li, B, 2016)	0.43
" About 76% of the patients experienced adverse events (35% diarrhea, 14% nausea and 24% metallic taste), none of which was serious."	( Efficacy and safety of rifaximin associated with standard triple therapy (omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin) for H. pylori eradication: A phase IV pilot clinical trial. Donday, MG; Gisbert, JP; McNicholl, AG; Ramas, M, 2017)	0.69
" For the duration of 4 months, weight, body mass index, and the occurrence of adverse events was documented."	( The safety and efficacy of the procedureless intragastric balloon. Al Haddad, E; Al Kendari, M; Al-Subaie, S; Almulla, A; Alsabah, S; Ekrouf, S, 2018)	0.48
" Roxadustat was considered safe and well tolerated when administered alone or in combination with multiple daily oral doses of 40 mg omeprazole in healthy subjects."	( Effect of Multiple Doses of Omeprazole on the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Roxadustat in Healthy Subjects. Barroso-Fernandez, B; den Adel, M; El Galta, R; Golor, G; Groenendaal-van de Meent, D; Schaddelee, M; van Dijk, J, 2018)	0.98
" Adverse events were recorded by patients in specially developed diaries."	( Efficacy and safety of the use of rebamipide in the scheme of triple eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection: a prospective randomized comparative study. Andreev, DN; Dicheva, DT; Maev, IV; Partzvania-Vinogradova, EV; Samsonov, AA, 2018)	0.48
" The incidence of adverse events between the groups was comparable: 22."	( Efficacy and safety of the use of rebamipide in the scheme of triple eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection: a prospective randomized comparative study. Andreev, DN; Dicheva, DT; Maev, IV; Partzvania-Vinogradova, EV; Samsonov, AA, 2018)	0.48
" Adverse events were recorded by patients in specially developed diaries."	( Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the hybrid scheme for eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection. Andreev, DN; Dicheva, DT; Maiev, IV; Partzvania-Vinogradova, EV; Yurenev, GL, 2018)	0.48
" The incidence of adverse events with the use of triple, four-component and hybrid ET regimens was 15; 18."	( Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the hybrid scheme for eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection. Andreev, DN; Dicheva, DT; Maiev, IV; Partzvania-Vinogradova, EV; Yurenev, GL, 2018)	0.48
"Risks regarding hospital admission due to adverse drug reactions and drug interactions from use of omeprazole have been reported."	( Safety assessment of omeprazole use: a review. Forgerini, M; Mastroianni, PC; Mieli, S, )	0.67
" Studies evaluating adverse events were screened."	( Safety assessment of omeprazole use: a review. Forgerini, M; Mastroianni, PC; Mieli, S, )	0.45
"72 articles were included, among which 58 reported on adverse drug events (47, adverse drug reactions; 5, drug interactions; and 6, situations of ineffectiveness)."	( Safety assessment of omeprazole use: a review. Forgerini, M; Mastroianni, PC; Mieli, S, )	0.45
"Use of omeprazole should be monitored primarily in patients with heart disorders using antiplatelet agents concomitantly, and in newly transplanted patients using mycophenolic acid, in order to avoid serious adverse reactions."	( Safety assessment of omeprazole use: a review. Forgerini, M; Mastroianni, PC; Mieli, S, )	0.91
" However, whether omeprazole is toxic to renal cells is unknown."	( Molecular pathways driving omeprazole nephrotoxicity. Cardenas-Villacres, D; Carrasco, S; Fontecha-Barriuso, M; Martín-Sanchez, D; Martinez-Moreno, JM; Ortiz, A; Ruiz-Ortega, M; Sanchez-Niño, MD; Sanz, AB, 2020)	1.19
" In terms of individual toxicity, omeprazole is the most toxic of the active ingredients, followed by simvastatin, diazepam and, finally, metformin."	( Diazepam, metformin, omeprazole and simvastatin: a full discussion of individual and mixture acute toxicity. d'Auriol, M; de Souza Santos, LV; Jacob, RS; Lange, LC; Lebron, YAR; Moreira, VR, 2020)	1.16
" No serious adverse events/deaths were reported."	( Napabucasin Drug-Drug Interaction Potential, Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics Following Oral Dosing in Healthy Adult Volunteers. Brantley, SJ; Dai, X; Goulet, MT; Hard, ML; Hitron, M; Karol, MD; McLaughlin, CF, 2021)	0.62
"To assess the impact of prophylactic omeprazole and famotidine on the incidence and severity of gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events (AEs) in dogs with cancer treated with single agent piroxicam."	( A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial comparing the incidence and severity of gastrointestinal adverse events in dogs with cancer treated with piroxicam alone or in combination with omeprazole or famotidine. Fulkerson, CM; Moore, GE; Shaevitz, MH, 2021)	1.08
" The treatment efficiency and the incidence of adverse reactions were used as the main outcome indicators."	( The clinical efficacy and safety of atropine combined with omeprazole in the treatment of patients with acute gastritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chen, H; Lin, X; Lin, YN, 2021)	0.86
"The combination of atropine with omeprazole in the treatment of acute gastritis demonstrated a high effective rate with few adverse reactions than."	( The clinical efficacy and safety of atropine combined with omeprazole in the treatment of patients with acute gastritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chen, H; Lin, X; Lin, YN, 2021)	1.15
" The inclusion of Bifiform in the eradication scheme dramatically reduces the frequency of adverse events and increases patient compliance, and also maintains the protective factors of the gastrointestinal mucosa at a higher level."	( [A prospective randomized comparative study of the efficacy and safety of a two-week bismuth-based quadrotherapy of Iakovenko, AV; Ivanov, AN; Soluyanova, IP; Strokova, TV; Vasilyev, NN; Yakovenko, EP, 2021)	0.62
" Adverse events were monitored for safety."	( Effect and safety of anaprazole in the treatment of duodenal ulcers: a randomized, rabeprazole-controlled, phase III non-inferiority study. Ding, J; Du, Y; Fan, H; Huang, C; Li, Z; Lyu, N; Pan, X; Pan, Z; Shi, Z; Sun, H; Wang, Q; Zhang, L; Zhu, H, 2022)	0.72
" The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events was similar for anaprazole (72/220, 32."	( Effect and safety of anaprazole in the treatment of duodenal ulcers: a randomized, rabeprazole-controlled, phase III non-inferiority study. Ding, J; Du, Y; Fan, H; Huang, C; Li, Z; Lyu, N; Pan, X; Pan, Z; Shi, Z; Sun, H; Wang, Q; Zhang, L; Zhu, H, 2022)	0.72
" Secondary outcomes included adverse events, dropout rate, and subgroup analysis."	( Efficacy and Safety of Vonoprazan and Amoxicillin Dual Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ding, YM; Han, ZX; Ji, R; Li, YY; Lin, BS; Zhang, WL, 2023)	0.91
" The adverse effects of vonoprazan/amoxicillin dual therapy were lower than those of triple therapy (21."	( Efficacy and Safety of Vonoprazan and Amoxicillin Dual Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ding, YM; Han, ZX; Ji, R; Li, YY; Lin, BS; Zhang, WL, 2023)	0.91
" Therefore, the competition for CYP3A4 may affect the metabolism of tacrolimus and result in its increased plasma concentrations, as well as in adverse reactions."	( Safety analysis of co-administering tacrolimus and omeprazole in renal transplant recipients - A review. Idasiak-Piechocka, I; Miedziaszczyk, M, 2023)	1.16

Pharmacokinetics

AUC0-24 and Cmax of active clopidogrel metabolite decreased with both omeprazole and rabeprazoles. The mean elimination half-life of omepazole in the patients with cirrhosis was 2.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The single dose of omeprazole had no significant effect on any pharmacokinetic parameter of nifedipine, nor on gastric pH, or blood pressure or heart rate."	( Influence of single- and multiple-dose omeprazole treatment on nifedipine pharmacokinetics and effects in healthy subjects. Breimer, DD; Danhof, M; Jansen, JB; Lamers, CB; Soons, PA; van Brummelen, P; van den Berg, G, 1992)	0.88
" The range of clinically acceptable variation in the pharmacokinetic characteristics of drug A defines the equivalence range."	( Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction as an equivalence problem. Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Radtke, HW; Steinijans, VW, 1991)	0.28
" The principal pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated for the two studied populations."	( Pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in cirrhotic patients. Regazzi, MB; Rinetti, M; Sivelli, R; Tizzoni, M; Villani, P, 1991)	0.6
" On average, Cmax and AUC values for digoxin were approximately 10% higher and tmax tended to be shorter during the administration of omeprazole, while the elimination rate constant was unaffected."	( Minor effect of multiple dose omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin after a single oral dose. Andersson, T; Jedema, JN; Jonkman, JH; Oosterhuis, B; Zuiderwijk, PB, 1991)	0.77
" A good dose linearity was observed for AUC (0, infinity) and Cmax over the dose range from 5 to 80 mg."	( Single intravenous administration of the H+, K(+)-ATPase inhibitor BY 1023/SK&F 96022--inhibition of pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion and pharmacokinetics in man. Bliesath, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Lühmann, R; Müller, P; Simon, B; Wurst, W, 1990)	0.28
" AUC, Cmax and t1/2 of the drug after repeated oral intake were not significantly different when compared with a single dose at either 20 mg or 40 mg."	( Effect of repeated oral administration of BY 1023/SK&F 96022--a new substituted benzimidazole derivative--on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion and pharmacokinetics in man. Hartmann, R; Huber, R; Lühmann, R; Marinis, E; Müller, P; Simon, B; Wurst, W, 1990)	0.28
" Repeated once-daily infusion (15 min) of pantoprazole resulted in a rapidly increasing pharmacodynamic effect: as compared to placebo the mean percent inhibition of acid output measured from 1 to 3 h after start of infusion was 22%, 63% and 78% for the 15 mg dose, and 56%, 97% and 99% for the 30 mg dose on days 1, 4 and 5, respectively."	( Pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion and pharmacokinetics following single and repeated intravenous administration of the gastric H+, K(+)-ATPase-inhibitor pantoprazole (BY1023/SK&F96022) in healthy volunteers. Bliesath, H; Bohnenkamp, W; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Lühmann, R; Müller, P; Simon, B; Wurst, W, 1990)	0.28
" The half-life is less than 1 hour, and omeprazole is almost entirely cleared from plasma within 3-4 hours."	( Omeprazole: pharmacokinetics and metabolism in man. Andersson, T; Cederberg, C; Skånberg, I, 1989)	1.99
" The pharmacokinetic profile of omeprazole is rather complicated, showing concentration-dependent elimination kinetics and an oral bioavailability which increases with the dose and during repeated administration."	( Omeprazole: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and interactions. Jonkman, JH; Oosterhuis, B, 1989)	2
" Following 10 mg intravenous omeprazole, plasma clearance was reduced, and plasma half-life and area under the concentration curve were increased, in comparison with previous studies in healthy subjects."	( The anti-secretory effect and pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in chronic liver disease. Carter, DC; Forrest, JA; Garden, OJ; MacGilchrist, AJ; McKee, RF, 1988)	0.82
" Increasing the intravenous dose of omeprazole from 10 mg to 40 mg had no significant effect on the pharmacokinetic parameters determined."	( Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of omeprazole in man. Regårdh, CG, 1986)	0.82
" The peak concentration, and apparent elimination half-life of phenytoin also tended to be increased though not significantly."	( Oral phenytoin pharmacokinetics during omeprazole therapy. Kitchingman, GK; Langman, MJ; Prichard, PJ; Richens, A; Somerville, KW; Walt, RP; Williams, J, 1987)	0.54
" Derived pharmacokinetic constants of intact omeprazole were within the range of those reported in healthy individuals."	( Pharmacokinetics of [14C]omeprazole in patients with impaired renal function. Andersson, T; Bodemar, G; Larsson, R; Naesdal, J; Regårdh, CG; Skånberg, I; Walan, A, 1986)	0.83
" Omeprazole was rapidly absorbed (peak plasma levels were reached within one hour) and the elimination half-life was approximately one hour."	( Animal pharmacodynamics of omeprazole. A survey of its pharmacological properties in vivo. Carlsson, E; Larsson, H; Mattson, H; Sundell, G, 1985)	1.48
" The mean elimination half-life in man and in the dog is about 1 hour, whereas half-lives in the range of 5 to 15 minutes have been recorded in the mouse."	( Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of omeprazole in animals and man--an overview. Gabrielsson, M; Hoffman, KJ; Löfberg, I; Regårdh, CG; Skånberg, I, 1985)	0.55
"Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies of omeprazole, a new gastric antisecretory agent, were undertaken in 8 healthy subjects."	( Omeprazole: a study of its inhibition of gastric pH and oral pharmacokinetics after morning or evening dosage. Buckle, PJ; Jones, DB; Louis, WJ; Mihaly, GW; Prichard, PJ; Smallwood, RA; Yeomans, ND, 1985)	1.97
" The absorption and pharmacokinetic profile of omeprazole were not affected by dialysis."	( Antisecretory effect and oral pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in patients with chronic renal failure. Forrest, JA; Howden, CW; Hughes, DM; Macdougall, AI; Meredith, PA; Payton, CD; Reid, JL, 1985)	0.78
" We concluded that pharmacokinetic elimination patterns of OPZ and LPZ were different, whereas the pharmacodynamic characteristics of both drugs are nearly the same in rats."	( Comparative pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic study of proton pump inhibitors, omeprazole and lansoprazole in rats. Iga, T; Katashima, M; Sawada, Y; Sugiura, M; Yamamoto, K, 1995)	0.52
" None of the pharmacokinetic parameters differed significantly after prior treatment with omeprazole compared with placebo."	( Interaction study of lomefloxacin and ciprofloxacin with omeprazole and comparative pharmacokinetics. Koeppe, P; Lode, H; Rost, KL; Schaberg, T; Stuht, H, 1995)	0.76
"A pharmacodynamic interactional study with omeprazole was undertaken in rats."	( Pharmacodynamic interactions of omeprazole with CNS active drugs in rats. Chakrabarti, A; Chandrashekhar, SM; Garg, SK, 1995)	0.84
" Three separate studies were conducted to evaluate the safety and to establish the pharmacokinetic profile of E3810 after oral administration to healthy male subjects."	( Pharmacokinetic properties of E3810, a new proton pump inhibitor, in healthy male volunteers. Hasegawa, J; Morishita, N; Nakai, H; Ogawa, T; Ohnishi, A; Shimamura, Y; Tomono, Y; Yasuda, S, 1994)	0.29
" The variation between different subjects dominated the total variance for all of the pharmacokinetic parameters studied except the rate of disappearance of ethanol from blood (ko)."	( Between-subject and within-subject variations in the pharmacokinetics of ethanol. Jones, AW; Jönsson, KA, 1994)	0.29
"The experience with long-term treatment of peptic ulcer with omeprazole is still scant, but the possibility cannot be excluded that its better pharmacodynamic effect on gastric acidity also has a positive result in the relapse rate."	( A pharmacodynamic study of two omeprazole regimens suitable for long-term treatment of duodenal ulcer. Badalamenti, S; Di Mario, F; Mela, GS; Muratore, F; Pantalena, M; Savarino, V; Scialabba, A; Termini, R; Vigneri, S; Zentilin, P, 1994)	0.82
"The two omeprazole regimens we tested are effective in reducing gastric acidity, and their pharmacodynamic action does not decrease with time."	( A pharmacodynamic study of two omeprazole regimens suitable for long-term treatment of duodenal ulcer. Badalamenti, S; Di Mario, F; Mela, GS; Muratore, F; Pantalena, M; Savarino, V; Scialabba, A; Termini, R; Vigneri, S; Zentilin, P, 1994)	1.01
"Key pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of gastric acid-suppressive agents in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are discussed."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of acid-suppressive agents in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Goss, TF; Schentag, JJ, 1993)	0.29
" If two drugs of the same class have a similar dose-efficacy profile, then the favourable/unfavourable balance of the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drugs may determine the drug of choice."	( Pharmacokinetics--a relevant factor for the choice of a drug? Benet, LZ; Zech, K, 1994)	0.29
" The dose-dependency of a range of pantoprazole pharmacokinetic characteristics was studied."	( Dose linearity of the pharmacokinetics of the new H+/K(+)-ATPase inhibitor pantoprazole after single intravenous administration. Bliesath, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Lühmann, R; Wurst, W, 1994)	0.29
" In renal failure, the absorption of L was unchanged, its half-life being similar to that in healthy subjects; a small change seen in mild renal failure patients (creatinine clearance between 40 and 60 ml/min) was attributed to the age of the patients."	( Pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole in patients with renal or liver disease of varying severity. Delhotal-Landes, B; Dellatolas, F; Duchier, J; Flouvat, B; Lemaire, M; Molinie, P, 1993)	0.29
" Our results do not rule out a possible effect on psychomotor function as a result of a pharmacodynamic interaction."	( Omeprazole therapy does not affect pharmacokinetics of orally administered ethanol in healthy male subjects. Brier, ME; Levinson, SS; Minocha, A; Rahal, PS, 1995)	1.73
"The pharmacokinetic interaction potential of the new proton-pump inhibitor lansoprazole and theophylline was assessed in a double-blind, two-period (13-day duration per period), multiple-dose crossover study in 14 healthy male volunteers."	( Pharmacokinetic interaction between lansoprazole and theophylline. Cavanaugh, JH; Granneman, GR; Karol, MD; Locke, CS, 1995)	0.29
" The pharmacokinetic parameters of theophylline were determined, and the urinary recovery of unchanged theophylline and its major metabolites were calculated."	( Effects of lansoprazole on pharmacokinetics and metabolism of theophylline. Ihara, N; Kokufu, T; Koyama, H; Mori, S; Nakajima, K; Ohta, T; Sugioka, N, 1995)	0.29
"The pharmacokinetic profile of omeprazole was examined in 27 healthy Japanese volunteers, and the results were analyzed in relation to genotype for the two mutations, CgammaP2C19m1 in exon 5 and CgammaP2C19m2 in exon 4, associated with the poor metabolizer phenotype."	( Pharmacokinetics of omeprazole (a substrate of CYP2C19) and comparison with two mutant alleles, C gamma P2C19m1 in exon 5 and C gamma P2C19m2 in exon 4, in Japanese subjects. Amamoto, T; Higuchi, S; Ieiri, I; Irie, S; Kimura, M; Kubota, T; Mamiya, K; Nakamura, K; Nakano, S; Urae, A; Wada, Y; Yoshioka, S, 1996)	0.9
"Stereoselective and sensitive methods employing chiral stationary phase columns for HPLC determination of enantiomers of lansoprazole in the human serum were developed and pharmacokinetic behaviors of the enantiomers were evaluated in seven subjects."	( Determination of R(+)- and S(-)-lansoprazole using chiral stationary-phase liquid chromatography and their enantioselective pharmacokinetics in humans. Arimori, K; Fujioka, Y; Fujiyama, S; Katafuchi, S; Katsuki, H; Nakamura, C; Nakano, M; Yagi, H, 1996)	0.29
" The mean Cmax and the AUC values of R(+)-enantiomer were 3-5 times greater than those of S(-)-enantiomer following oral administration of 30 mg of racemic lansoprazole."	( Determination of R(+)- and S(-)-lansoprazole using chiral stationary-phase liquid chromatography and their enantioselective pharmacokinetics in humans. Arimori, K; Fujioka, Y; Fujiyama, S; Katafuchi, S; Katsuki, H; Nakamura, C; Nakano, M; Yagi, H, 1996)	0.29
" The dose-dependency of a range of pantoprazole pharmacokinetic characteristics was studied."	( Dose linearity of the pharmacokinetics of the new H+/K(+)-ATPase inhibitor pantoprazole after single intravenous administration. Bliesath, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Lühmann, R; Wurst, W, 1996)	0.29
" The range of clinically acceptable variation in the pharmacokinetic characteristics of drug A defines the equivalence range."	( Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction as an equivalence problem. Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Radtke, HW; Steinijans, VW, 1996)	0.29
" Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction was handled as an equivalence problem."	( Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between pantoprazole and diclofenac. Bliesath, H; Huber, R; Koch, HJ; Mascher, H; Steinijans, VW; Wurst, W, 1996)	0.29
" Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction was handled as an equivalence problem."	( Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between pantoprazole and diclofenac. Bliesath, H; Huber, R; Koch, HJ; Mascher, H; Steinijans, VW; Wurst, W, 1996)	0.29
"021 1 h-1 kg-1 for test and reference) and elimination half-life (36."	( Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction of pantoprazole with diazepam in man. Bliesath, H; Brod, I; Gugler, R; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Klotz, U; Rudi, J; Steinijans, VW; Wurst, W, 1996)	0.29
" The primary pharmacokinetic characteristics for extent and rate of absorption were AUC(0-24h) and % PTF, respectively."	( Pantoprazole has no influence on steady state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of metoprolol in healthy volunteers. Bliesath, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Koch, HJ; Mascher, H; Steinijans, VW; Wurst, W, 1996)	0.29
" Eighteen volunteers entered the study; pharmacokinetic data were evaluable for 15 participants."	( Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction after administration of lansoprazole or omeprazole with prednisone. Cavanaugh, JH; Karol, MD, 1996)	0.52
" As a pharmacodynamic parameter, the prothrombin time ratio was determined on days 9 and 10 (reference value) and on days 14 and 15 (test value), and the ratio test/reference was evaluated according to equivalence criteria."	( Lack of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interaction between pantoprazole and phenprocoumon in man. Birkel, M; Bliesath, H; Ehrlich, A; Fuder, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Lücker, PW; Steinijans, VW; Timmer, W; Wieckhorst, G; Wurst, W, 1996)	0.29
" The pharmacokinetic characteristics AUC0-24h and Cmax of S(-)- and R(+)-phenprocoumon were also investigated using equivalence criteria."	( Lack of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interaction between pantoprazole and phenprocoumon in man. Birkel, M; Bliesath, H; Ehrlich, A; Fuder, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Lücker, PW; Steinijans, VW; Timmer, W; Wieckhorst, G; Wurst, W, 1996)	0.29
"Pantoprazole does not interact with the anticoagulant phenprocoumon on a pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic level."	( Lack of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interaction between pantoprazole and phenprocoumon in man. Birkel, M; Bliesath, H; Ehrlich, A; Fuder, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Lücker, PW; Steinijans, VW; Timmer, W; Wieckhorst, G; Wurst, W, 1996)	0.29
" The ideal therapy for GORD will have linear pharmacokinetics, a relatively long plasma half-life (t1/2), a duration of action allowing once daily administration, and a stable effect independent of interactions with food, antacids and other drugs."	( Pharmacokinetic optimisation in the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Berstad, A; Hatlebakk, JG, 1996)	0.29
" A significant, although weak, relationship existed between creatinine clearance (CLCR) and area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) and terminal disposition half-life (t1/2), calculated with total concentration data."	( Lansoprazole pharmacokinetics in subjects with various degrees of kidney function. Cavanaugh, JM; Karol, MD; Machinist, JM, 1997)	0.3
"A rapid and sensitive high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method has been developed for the measurement of lansoprazole in human plasma and its use for pharmacokinetic study has been evaluated."	( High-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for the detection and determination of lansoprazole in human plasma and its use in pharmacokinetic studies. Chakravarthy, BK; Gandhi, TP; Modi, IA; Modi, RI; Mody, VD; Pandya, KK; Satia, MC, 1997)	0.3
"We investigated whether interindividual differences in the pharmacokinetic disposition of lansoprazole are attributed to the genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19 which occurred by two mutations."	( Genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19 and lansoprazole pharmacokinetics in Japanese subjects. Arimori, K; Fujiyama, S; Katsuki, H; Nakamura, C; Nakano, M, 1997)	0.3
" Pharmacokinetic parameters for metronidazole and hydroxymetronidazole were calculated, and the significance of the mean differences in parameters between omeprazole and placebo co-administration was assessed using a two-tailed, paired t-test."	( The effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole and hydroxymetronidazole in human plasma, saliva and gastric juice. Barrett, DA; Goddard, AF; Jessa, MJ; Shaw, PN; Spiller, RC, 1997)	0.86
"05) in any of the plasma or saliva pharmacokinetic parameter values for metronidazole between volunteers receiving omeprazole or placebo when metronidazole was administered either as an intravenous infusion or orally."	( The effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole and hydroxymetronidazole in human plasma, saliva and gastric juice. Barrett, DA; Goddard, AF; Jessa, MJ; Shaw, PN; Spiller, RC, 1997)	0.87
" On day 2 of each study period, a single 10 mg oral dose of racemic acenocoumarol was administered and venous blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessments."	( No effect of short-term omeprazole intake on acenocoumarol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Beysens, AJ; de Hoon, JN; Thijssen, HH; Van Bortel, LM, 1997)	0.6
"Haemodialysis has no influence on the pharmacokinetic characteristics of pantoprazole."	( Pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole in patients with end-stage renal failure. Bahlmann, J; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Kliem, V; Lühmann, R; Wurst, W, 1998)	0.3
" With concomitant omeprazole treatment, the mean AUC0-24 and Cmax of itraconazole were significantly reduced by 64% and 66%, respectively."	( Effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of itraconazole. Jaruratanasirikul, S; Sriwiriyajan, S, 1998)	1.04
" Cmax (maximum serum concentration) and AUC (area under the serum concentration-time curve) for (+)-lansoprazole were 5-6 times greater than those for (-)-lansoprazole, whereas for (+)-5-hydroxylansoprazole both values were significantly smaller than those for the (-) enantiomer."	( Pharmacokinetic differences between lansoprazole enantiomers in rats. Arimori, K; Katsuki, H; Nakano, M; Yasuda, K, 1998)	0.3
" For pantoprazole, no differences were observed in AUC and Cmax after single and repeated dosing."	( Comparison of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole (40 mg) as compared to omeprazole MUPS (20 mg) after repeated oral dose administration. Ehrlich, A; Huber, R; Lücker, PW; Mascher, H; Sander, P; Wiedemann, A, )	0.35
" The pharmacokinetic parameters, Cmax, t(max), AUC and t1/2, showed no statistically significant differences when rabeprazole was administered alone, concomitantly with antacid or one hour after antacid administration."	( Antacids have no influence on the pharmacokinetics of rabeprazole, a new proton pump inhibitor, in healthy volunteers. Higashi, S; Kawaguchi, M; Murakami, M; Tomono, Y; Yasuda, S, 1999)	0.3
"This single-center, open-label study was undertaken to compare the tolerability and pharmacokinetic profiles of rabeprazole, a new proton-pump inhibitor (PPI), in healthy volunteers and in subjects with chronic cirrhosis."	( Rabeprazole: pharmacokinetics in patients with stable, compensated cirrhosis. Grimes, I; Hoyumpa, AM; Humphries, TJ; Trevino-Alanis, H, 1999)	0.3
" Neither the elimination half-life nor the area under the curve was significantly different between the two sessions."	( Pharmacokinetic interaction between acetaminophen and lansoprazole. Enatsu, I; Hanada, Y; Kuyama, Y; Makino, H; Mineshita, S; Qi, J; Sanaka, M; Tanaka, H; Yamanaka, M, 1999)	0.3
"Within both the patient and volunteers groups, there were no significant differences between day 1 and day 7 in any of the pharmacokinetic parameters including maximum concentration (Cmax), area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), and terminal half-life of elimination (t(1/2))."	( Lansoprazole pharmacokinetics differ in patients with oesophagitis compared to healthy volunteers. Barclay, ML; Begg, EJ; Ketelbey, JW; Peters, WA; Robson, RA, 1999)	0.3
"The authors compare the pharmacokinetic profiles, safety, and tolerability of rabeprazole, a new proton pump inhibitor (PPI), in healthy volunteers and in subjects with stable, end-stage renal failure."	( Rabeprazole: pharmacokinetics and tolerability in patients with stable, end-stage renal failure. Grimes, I; Humphries, TJ; Keane, WF; Swan, SK, 1999)	0.3
" As increased cisapride concentrations may result in longer electrocardiogram (ECG) QTc intervals, a crossover study was conducted in healthy subjects to evaluate the oral pharmacokinetic interaction between cisapride (20 mg) and pantoprazole (40 mg)."	( Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between oral pantoprazole and cisapride in healthy adults. Ferron, GM; Fruncillo, RJ; Martin, PT; Mayer, PR; Paul, JC; Yacoub, L, 1999)	0.3
" The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) are linearly related to dose, while the time to maximum plasma concentration (tmax) and elimination half-life (t1/2) are dose-independent."	( Review article: the pharmacokinetics of rabeprazole in health and disease. Hoyumpa, AM; Merritt, GJ; Swan, SK, 1999)	0.3
" As a result of structural and functional similarities, the PPIs share many pharmacokinetic features."	( Review article: pharmacokinetic concerns in the selection of anti-ulcer therapy. Lew, EA, 1999)	0.3
" Blood was sampled for 48 h after dosing for determination of pharmacokinetic parameters."	( Effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of oral gemifloxacin in healthy volunteers. Allen, A; Lewis, A; Vousden, M, )	0.53
" There were no statistically significant differences between the two regimens for mean phenytoin Cmax or tmax."	( Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between lansoprazole and intravenously administered phenytoin. Cavanaugh, JH; Karol, MD; Locke, CS, 1999)	0.3
" Dengue patients manifested the same pharmacokinetic responses to a 20 g Ala-Gln bolus as healthy controls."	( The pharmacokinetic responses of humans to 20 g of alanyl-glutamine dipeptide differ with the dosing protocol but not with gastric acidity or in patients with acute Dengue fever. Fürst, P; Klassen, P; Mazariegos, M; Solomons, NW, 2000)	0.31
"To study the potential pharmacokinetic interaction between lansoprazole or pantoprazole and theophylline at steady state."	( Lack of a pharmacokinetic interaction between lansoprazole or pantoprazole and theophylline. Goldwater, DR; Hunt, RH; Pan, WJ; Pilmer, BL; Zhang, Y, 2000)	0.31
"No significant changes in the steady-state theophylline maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to Cmax (Tmax), minimum plasma concentration (Cmin), area under the plasma concentration-time curve over the 12-h dosing interval (AUC0-12), or apparent total oral clearance (CL/F) were observed within the two treatment groups when theophylline was administered alone or in combination with lansoprazole or pantoprazole."	( Lack of a pharmacokinetic interaction between lansoprazole or pantoprazole and theophylline. Goldwater, DR; Hunt, RH; Pan, WJ; Pilmer, BL; Zhang, Y, 2000)	0.31
" Serial blood samples were taken on days 1 and 5 of each course for pharmacokinetic measurements."	( Oral pharmacokinetics of omeprazole and lansoprazole after single and repeated doses as intact capsules or as suspensions in sodium bicarbonate. Howden, CW; Peyton, B; Raufman, JP; Sharma, VK; Spears, T, 2000)	0.61
"To evaluate and compare the pharmacodynamic effects of IY-81149 and omeprazole on gastric pH in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease."	( A comparative pharmacodynamic study of IY-81149 versus omeprazole in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Boileau, F; Cho, KD; Goldwater, R; Jung, WT; Kim, DY; Lee, SM; Park, DW; Periclou, AP, 2000)	0.79
" Pharmacokinetic study was optional for subjects and was performed in 25 of the 57 enrolled."	( Pharmacokinetics of orally administered omeprazole in children. International Pediatric Omeprazole Pharmacokinetic Group. Andersson, T; Becker, M; Behrens, R; Dalväg, A; Drouin, E; Göthberg, G; Hassall, E; Koletzko, S; Lundborg, P; Marcon, M; Martin, S; Radke, M; Shepherd, R, 2000)	0.57
" An irreversible pharmacodynamic response model was successfully developed and validated."	( Pharmacodynamic modeling of pantoprazole's irreversible effect on gastric acid secretion in humans and rats. Ferron, GM; Mayer, PR; McKeand, W, 2001)	0.31
" Sequential blood samples were collected over 24 h to characterize SOS absorption and pharmacokinetic parameters."	( A randomized, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic, cross-over study of duodenal or jejunal administration compared to nasogastric administration of omeprazole suspension in patients at risk for stress ulcers. Metzler, MH; Miedema, BW; Olsen, KM; Phillips, JO; Rangnekar, NJ; Rebuck, JA, 2001)	0.51
"In critically ill surgical patients, pharmacokinetic parameters and subsequent pH control after the administration of SOS are similar by the jejunal, nasogastric, or duodenal route."	( A randomized, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic, cross-over study of duodenal or jejunal administration compared to nasogastric administration of omeprazole suspension in patients at risk for stress ulcers. Metzler, MH; Miedema, BW; Olsen, KM; Phillips, JO; Rangnekar, NJ; Rebuck, JA, 2001)	0.51
" To determine the role of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 in the stereoselective metabolism of pantoprazole, we investigated the pharmacokinetic disposition of (+)- and (-)-pantoprazole in 7 extensive metabolizers and 7 poor metabolizers of S-mephenytoin."	( Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, in extensive and poor metabolizers of S-mephenytoin. Ishizaki, T; Kaneko, S; Ohkubo, T; Otani, K; Ryokawa, Y; Sugawara, K; Suzuki, A; Tanaka, M, 2001)	0.31
" The mean Cmax and area under the curve (AUC) values of (+)-lansoprazole were 4-5 times greater than those of (-)-lansoprazole following oral administration of 30-mg racemic lansoprazole to dogs."	( Pharmacokinetic differences between lansoprazole enantiomers and contribution of cytochrome P450 isoforms to enantioselective metabolism of lansoprazole in dogs. Arimori, K; Fujii, J; Hamada, A; Masa, K; Nakano, M, 2001)	0.31
" To confirm the involvement of CYP2C19, we performed a pharmacokinetic interaction study."	( Effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of moclobemide according to the genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19. Bae, KS; Cho, JY; Jang, IJ; Lee, KH; Park, JY; Park, SS; Shin, SG; Yi, SY; Yim, DS; Yu, KS, 2001)	0.71
" On the eighth morning, 300 mg of moclobemide and 40 mg of placebo were coadministered with 200 mL of water, and a pharmacokinetic study was performed."	( Effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of moclobemide according to the genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19. Bae, KS; Cho, JY; Jang, IJ; Lee, KH; Park, JY; Park, SS; Shin, SG; Yi, SY; Yim, DS; Yu, KS, 2001)	0.71
" After daily administration of omeprazole for 1 week, the pharmacokinetic parameters of moclobemide and its metabolites in extensive metabolizers changed to values similar to those in poor metabolizers."	( Effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of moclobemide according to the genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19. Bae, KS; Cho, JY; Jang, IJ; Lee, KH; Park, JY; Park, SS; Shin, SG; Yi, SY; Yim, DS; Yu, KS, 2001)	1
" Plasma omeprazole concentrations were determined by a validated high-performance liquid chromatographic method, and pharmacokinetic values were determined."	( Pharmacokinetic comparison of omeprazole capsules and a simplified omeprazole suspension. Fan, C; Quercia, RA; Song, JC; Tsikouris, J; White, CM, 2001)	1.03
" Based on the metabolic and pharmacokinetic differences among other proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole, rabeprazole appears to be the least affected proton pump inhibitor by the CYP2C19-related genetic polymorphism."	( Pharmacodynamic effects and kinetic disposition of rabeprazole in relation to CYP2C19 genotypes. Furuie, H; Horai, Y; Irie, S; Ishizaki, T; Kimura, M; Koga, Y; Matsuguma, K; Matsui, T; Murakami, M; Nagahama, T; Urae, A; Yao, T, 2001)	0.53
"To determine whether the pharmacodynamic effects of rabeprazole on intragastric pH and serum gastrin levels, and its pharmacokinetics depend on the CYP2C19 genotype status."	( Pharmacodynamic effects and kinetic disposition of rabeprazole in relation to CYP2C19 genotypes. Furuie, H; Horai, Y; Irie, S; Ishizaki, T; Kimura, M; Koga, Y; Matsuguma, K; Matsui, T; Murakami, M; Nagahama, T; Urae, A; Yao, T, 2001)	0.31
"The pharmacodynamic effects of rabeprazole and its pharmacokinetics depend on the CYP2C19 genotype status."	( Pharmacodynamic effects and kinetic disposition of rabeprazole in relation to CYP2C19 genotypes. Furuie, H; Horai, Y; Irie, S; Ishizaki, T; Kimura, M; Koga, Y; Matsuguma, K; Matsui, T; Murakami, M; Nagahama, T; Urae, A; Yao, T, 2001)	0.31
"A comparative pharmacokinetic study with each PPI was designed as an open, randomized, and crossover study of 18 Japanese healthy volunteers who were classified into the homozygous, heterozygous extensive metabolizer and the poor metabolizer based on the CYP2C19 genotype determined by PCR-RFLP method."	( CYP2C19 genotype and pharmacokinetics of three proton pump inhibitors in healthy subjects. Aoyama, N; Hohda, T; Kasuga, M; Kita, T; Nishiguchi, K; Nishitora, Y; Okumura, K; Sakaeda, T; Sakai, T; Sirasaka, D; Tamura, T; Tanigawara, Y, 2001)	0.31
" As for rabeprazole, the pharmacokinetic profile was independent of the CYP2C19 genotype."	( CYP2C19 genotype and pharmacokinetics of three proton pump inhibitors in healthy subjects. Aoyama, N; Hohda, T; Kasuga, M; Kita, T; Nishiguchi, K; Nishitora, Y; Okumura, K; Sakaeda, T; Sakai, T; Sirasaka, D; Tamura, T; Tanigawara, Y, 2001)	0.31
" Patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease exhibit a pharmacokinetic pattern similar to that in healthy individuals, whereas elderly individuals exhibited a slightly lower metabolism rate."	( Pharmacokinetic studies with esomeprazole, the (S)-isomer of omeprazole. Andersson, T; Hassan-Alin, M; Hasselgren, G; Röhss, K; Weidolf, L, 2001)	0.6
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were similar in responders and non-responders to the higher dose."	( Lansoprazole in children: pharmacokinetics and efficacy in reflux oesophagitis. Faure, C; Hankard, R; Jacoz-Aigrain, E; Laurence, M; Michaud, L; Mougenot, JF; Navarro, J; Popon, M; Shaghaghi, EK, 2001)	0.31
"This study sought to determine whether dosage adjustment of pantoprazole is required in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment by comparing the pharmacokinetic profile of pantoprazole in such patients with that in healthy slow metabolizers of pantoprazole, in whom no dosage adjustment is required."	( Pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole in patients with moderate and severe hepatic dysfunction. Abell, M; Ferron, GM; Getsy, J; Mayer, P; Noveck, RJ; Paul, J; Pockros, P; Preston, RA; Turner, M, 2001)	0.31
" Pharmacokinetic data were compared between the 2 groups with hepatic impairment and against historical data from 17 healthy subjects who were genetically slow CYP2C19 metabolizers of pantoprazole."	( Pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole in patients with moderate and severe hepatic dysfunction. Abell, M; Ferron, GM; Getsy, J; Mayer, P; Noveck, RJ; Paul, J; Pockros, P; Preston, RA; Turner, M, 2001)	0.31
" CL(int,in vivo) was calculated from in vivo pharmacokinetic data using three frequent mathematical models (the well stirred, parallel-tube, and dispersion models)."	( Prediction of human hepatic clearance from in vivo animal experiments and in vitro metabolic studies with liver microsomes from animals and humans. Kagayama, A; Kimura, S; Naritomi, Y; Sugiyama, Y; Suzuki, A; Terashita, S, 2001)	0.31
" At day 3, a 24-hour intragastric pH and a pharmacokinetic study of omeprazole were performed."	( Intravenous omeprazole in children: pharmacokinetics and effect on 24-hour intragastric pH. Faure, C; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Michaud, L; Navarro, J; Popon, M; Shaghaghi, EK; Turck, D, 2001)	0.92
"The influence of synthetic drugs prescribed for peptic ulcer on the pharmacokinetic fate of glycyrrhizin (GL) from Shaoyao-Gancao-tang (SGT, a traditional Chinese formulation, Shakuyaku-Kanzo-to in Japanese) was investigated in rats."	( The influence of commonly prescribed synthetic drugs for peptic ulcer on the pharmacokinetic fate of glycyrrhizin from Shaoyao-Gancao-tang. Akao, T; He, JX; Nishino, T; Tani, T, 2001)	0.31
" When administered intravenously, the half-life during the elimination phase was significantly prolonged by 30 min of immobilization stress, but the AUC value remained unchanged."	( The effect of immobilization stress on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in rats. Araki, H; Gomita, Y; Hashimoto, Y; Matsuka, N; Okazaki, M; Watanabe, K, 2002)	0.55
" In treated group, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve of omeprazole from time zero to time infinity (AUC) was significantly greater (3090 vs 491 ng h/ml), terminal half-life of omeprazole was significantly longer (2."	( Influence of fluconazole on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in healthy volunteers. Cho, HK; Kang, BC; Shin, WG; Suh, OK; Yang, CQ, 2002)	0.8
" For the iv groups (CO(iv) and OP(iv)), the Cp-analgesic effect relationship was described by an E(max) sigmoid model and omeprazole did not affect the pharmacodynamic parameters."	( Effect of omeprazole on oral and intravenous RS-methadone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the rat. Calvo, R; Carlos, MA; Carlos, R; Du Souich, P; Lukas, JC; Suarez, E, 2002)	0.92
" After each dose was administered, the pharmacokinetic profiles of omeprazole and its two metabolites were significantly different between extensive metabolizers and poor metabolizers."	( Optimal dose of omeprazole for CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers in anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy: pharmacokinetic considerations. Aoyama, N; Kasuga, M; Kawahara, Y; Kita, T; Okumura, K; Sakaeda, T; Sakai, T, 2002)	0.9
" For lansoprazole, the elimination half-life (t(1/2)) was significantly prolonged (1."	( Pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin after simultaneous and single administration. Borner, K; Koeppe, P; Kotwas, J; Lode, H; Mainz, D, 2002)	0.31
" Here, we identify factors in specific disease therapy and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics that help us achieve this goal."	( The clinical importance of proton pump inhibitor pharmacokinetics. Thomson, AB; Yacyshyn, BR, 2002)	0.31
"Proton pump inhibitors, the reference standard in adults with acid-related disorders, are increasingly being used in children despite limited pediatric safety and pharmacokinetic data."	( Safety and pharmacokinetics of oral lansoprazole in preadolescent rats exposed from weaning through sexual maturity. Fort, FL; Turck, P; Youssef, AF, )	0.13
"A mechanism-based pharmacodynamic model was used to describe the inhibitory effect by omeprazole on gastric acid secretion measured after histamine stimulation in the dog."	( Gastric acid secretion in the dog: a mechanism-based pharmacodynamic model for histamine stimulation and irreversible inhibition by omeprazole. Abelö, A; Eriksson, UG; Gabrielsson, J; Holstein, B; Karlsson, MO, 2002)	0.74
" Blood samples were collected on day 1 of both periods to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters."	( Comparative pharmacokinetics and safety of lansoprazole oral capsules and orally disintegrating tablets in healthy subjects. Ballard, ED; Chiu, YL; Freston, JW; Mulford, DJ, 2003)	0.32
" Blood samples for pharmacokinetic evaluation and urine samples for cortisol assessments were collected before and after the budesonide doses."	( Pharmacokinetics of budesonide controlled-release capsules when taken with omeprazole. Bergstrand, M; Edsbäcker, S; Larsson, P, 2003)	0.55
" The effects of lansoprazole on 24-hour median intragastric pH, the percentages of time intragastric pH was above 3 and 4, and pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed at the day-5 visit and compared to baseline."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lansoprazole in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Book, L; Chiu, YL; Gremse, D; Gunasekaran, T; Karol, M; Pan, WJ; Pilmer, B; Tolia, V; Winter, H, 2002)	0.31
"The observed pharmacokinetic properties of lansoprazole in children between 1 and 11 years of age with GERD were similar to those previously observed in healthy adult subjects."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lansoprazole in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Book, L; Chiu, YL; Gremse, D; Gunasekaran, T; Karol, M; Pan, WJ; Pilmer, B; Tolia, V; Winter, H, 2002)	0.31
"The pharmacokinetic parameters of lansoprazole observed in this study of adolescents are similar to those observed in studies of healthy adults."	( Lansoprazole in adolescents with gastroesophageal reflux disease: pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, symptom relief efficacy, and tolerability. Chiu, YL; Fitzgerald, J; Gremse, D; Gunasekaran, T; Gupta, S; Karol, M; Keith, R; Pan, WJ, 2002)	0.31
"To determine the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic rationale for the optimum regimen of rabeprazole in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients who are cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 poor metabolizers or extensive metabolizers."	( Time-dependent amplified pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses of rabeprazole in cytochrome P450 2C19 poor metabolizers. Chern, HD; Lin, CJ; Uang, YS; Wang, TH; Yang, JC, 2003)	0.32
"Prospective, multiple-dose pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study."	( Time-dependent amplified pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses of rabeprazole in cytochrome P450 2C19 poor metabolizers. Chern, HD; Lin, CJ; Uang, YS; Wang, TH; Yang, JC, 2003)	0.32
"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters were compared between CYP2C19 poor and extensive metabolizers on day 1 and day 4 of dosing."	( Time-dependent amplified pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses of rabeprazole in cytochrome P450 2C19 poor metabolizers. Chern, HD; Lin, CJ; Uang, YS; Wang, TH; Yang, JC, 2003)	0.32
"Mean Cmax and AUCtau of voriconazole were increased by 15%[90% confidence interval (CI) 5, 25] and 41% (90% CI 29, 55), respectively, with no effect on tmax during coadministration of omeprazole."	( Effect of omeprazole on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of voriconazole. Hamlin, J; Kleinermans, D; Layton, G; Nichols, D; Purkins, L; Tan, K; Wood, N, 2003)	0.91
" Because of the apparent safety of PPIs and a well-demonstrated dose-response-effect relationship in adults, pediatric pharmacokinetic data and an exposure correlate, such as the dose-area-under-the-plasma-concentration-versus-time-curve relationship, can be used as a bridge to determine pediatric dosing."	( Proton pump inhibitors in pediatrics: relevant pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Kearns, GL; Winter, HS, )	0.13
" Population pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using NONMEM."	( Pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in healthy adults and in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Alvarez, F; Brazier, JL; Drouin, E; Dubuc, MC; Ducharme, MP; Marier, JF, 2004)	0.65
" A comparison is also presented between several methods based on animal pharmacokinetic data, using the same set of proprietary compounds, and it lends further support for the use of this method, as opposed to methods that require the gathering of pharmacokinetic data in laboratory animals."	( Prediction of human volume of distribution values for neutral and basic drugs. 2. Extended data set and leave-class-out statistics. Gao, F; Lombardo, F; Obach, RS; Shalaeva, MY, 2004)	0.32
" The pharmacokinetic parameters of omeprazole and pantoprazole were compared to those after intake of both agents alone."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between omeprazole/pantoprazole and clarithromycin in health volunteers. Calabresi, L; Di Paolo, A; Ferrara, S; Pazzucconi, F; Sirtori, C; Tacca, MD, 2004)	0.87
" Analysis of variance was performed to determine whether lumiracoxib alone differed from lumiracoxib plus omeprazole or from lumiracoxib plus Al/Mg antacid for overall exposure (area under the concentration-time curve from zero to infinity [AUC( infinity )]) and peak concentration (C(max)), with treatment sequence, subject, period and treatment as factors."	( Lack of effect of omeprazole or of an aluminium hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide antacid on the pharmacokinetics of lumiracoxib. Langholff, W; Milosavljev, S; Rordorf, C; Scott, G; Shenouda, M; Vinluan Reynolds, C, 2004)	0.87
" Comparison of the pharmacokinetic parameters of omeprazole before and after fexofenadine revealed that there were no differences in peak concentration, time to peak concentration, area under the time concentration curve up to 8 hr, and elimination half-life."	( Fexofenadine does not affect omeprazole pharmacokinetics: both are putative P-glycoprotein substrates. Sugawara, K; Takahata, T; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yasui-Furukori, N; Yoshiya, G, 2004)	0.87
" In the homo EMs and the PMs groups, the main kinetic parameters were as follows: Tmax (2."	( Pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole in Chinese healthy subjects in relation to CYP2C19 genotypes. Hu, YR; Kan, QC; Qiao, HL, 2004)	0.32
" The mean terminal half-life of approximately 6 min was found across genotype and gender groups."	( Altered pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in cystic fibrosis knockout mice relative to wild-type mice. Ali, SY; Smith, PC; Tallman, MN, 2004)	0.62
"05) in heterozygous EMs, whereas no difference in any pharmacokinetic parameters was found in PMs."	( Effects of fluvoxamine on lansoprazole pharmacokinetics in relation to CYP2C19 genotypes. Saito, M; Sugawara, K; Takahata, T; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yasui-Furukori, N, 2004)	0.32
"Limited data characterize pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine, and no data exist for an interaction with proton pump inhibitors."	( A randomized crossover study investigating the influence of ranitidine or omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of cephalexin monohydrate. Adejare, A; George, M; Madaras-Kelly, K; May, MP; Michas, P, 2004)	0.55
" By comparing these pharmacokinetic parameters, we may state that there was no significant difference between the two administration modes."	( Effect of water intake on pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole from fast disintegrating tablet in human subjects. Irie, S; Ito, Y; Iwasaki, K; Nakamura, K; Sakurai, Y; Shibata, N; Takada, K; Takagi, N, 2004)	0.32
" Pharmacokinetic parameters of S-omeprazole, R-omeprazole, racemic omeprazole and the two main metabolites (5-hydroxy and sulphone) were calculated using non-compartmental analysis."	( A pharmacokinetic study comparing single and repeated oral doses of 20 mg and 40 mg omeprazole and its two optical isomers, S-omeprazole (esomeprazole) and R-omeprazole, in healthy subjects. Andersson, T; Hassan-Alin, M; Niazi, M; Röhss, K, 2005)	0.83
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with compartmental and non-compartmental analysis, using the computer program Kinetica (Inna Phase)."	( A pharmacokinetic interaction study between omeprazole and the H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine. Farcau, D; Leucuta, A; Nanulescu, M; Vlase, L, 2004)	0.58
" The elimination half-life of rabeprazole sodium (1."	( Pharmacokinetics of rabeprazole following single intravenous and oral administration to healthy subjects. Hasegawa, J; Humphries, T; Laurent, A; Setoyama, T, 2005)	0.33
"The pharmacokinetic profiles of single doses of lansoprazole 15- and 30-mg sachets for suspension were compared with those of corresponding doses of lansoprazole oral capsules."	( Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole 15- and 30-mg sachets for suspension versus intact capsules. Amer, F; Chiu, YL; Griffin, JS; Karol, MD; Locke, CS; Lukasik, NL; Pan, WJ, 2004)	0.32
" Blood samples were collected before and after each administration to assess the pharmacokinetic parameters of lansoprazole and bioequivalence between suspension and capsule."	( Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole 15- and 30-mg sachets for suspension versus intact capsules. Amer, F; Chiu, YL; Griffin, JS; Karol, MD; Locke, CS; Lukasik, NL; Pan, WJ, 2004)	0.32
" The pharmacokinetic parameters of the 15- and 30-mg lansoprazole sachets for suspension were similar to those of the corresponding doses of the oral capsules."	( Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole 15- and 30-mg sachets for suspension versus intact capsules. Amer, F; Chiu, YL; Griffin, JS; Karol, MD; Locke, CS; Lukasik, NL; Pan, WJ, 2004)	0.32
" These pharmacokinetic characteristics confirm the suitability of this oral solid dosage form for use in future clinical trials."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate in healthy volunteers and patients undergoing total hip replacement. Ahnfelt, L; Dahl, OE; Eriksson, BI; Nehmiz, G; Rathgen, K; Stähle, H; Stangier, J; Svärd, R, 2005)	0.33
" The peak concentration ratios for oxybutynin and metabolite also conformed to this range; those for tolterodine did not."	( Effect of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of extended-release formulations of oxybutynin and tolterodine. Chen, A; Dmochowski, R; Gidwani, S; Gupta, S; MacDiarmid, S; Sathyan, G, 2005)	0.6
" Intragastric pH was recorded for 24 h after drug administration for pharmacodynamic evaluation."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pantoprazole in clinically normal neonatal foals. Giguère, S; Ryan, CA; Sanchez, LC; Vickroy, T, 2005)	0.33
" The method was suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring and was applied to pharmacokinetic study in human volunteers."	( Determination of rabeprazole and its active metabolite, rabeprazole thioether in human plasma by column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography and its application to pharmacokinetic study. Shimizu, M; Sugawara, K; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yasui-Furukori, N, 2005)	0.33
"In view of the good tolerability of escitalopram, the pharmacokinetic changes observed on co-administration with cimetidine or omeprazole are unlikely to be of clinical concern."	( The effect of cimetidine or omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of escitalopram in healthy subjects. Malling, D; Poulsen, MN; Søgaard, B, 2005)	0.83
" After oral administration of DA-8159 at a dose of 30 mg/kg to rats without or with cola beverage, the pharmacokinetic parameters of DA-8159 and DA-8164 were not significantly different between two groups of rats."	( Effects of omeprazole or cola beverage on the pharmacokinetics of oral DA-8159, a new erectogenic, in rats. Bae, SK; Kim, WB; Kwon, JW; Lee, JH; Lee, MG, 2005)	0.72
" In this open-label study, the effect of lansoprazole 30 mg qd and naproxen 500 mg bid on the pharmacokinetic profile of methotrexate was investigated."	( Coadministration of lansoprazole and naproxen does not affect the pharmacokinetic profile of methotrexate in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Amer, F; Andhivarothai, N; Kukulka, MJ; Vakily, M, 2005)	0.33
" The pharmacokinetic differences between pantoprazole enantiomers were evaluated by the experiments of the in situ perfusion into rat small intestine, the protein binding, and the in vitro metabolism in rat liver microsomes of pantoprazole enantiomers."	( Pharmacokinetic differences between pantoprazole enantiomers in rats. Xie, Z; Xu, H; Zhang, Y; Zhong, D, 2005)	0.33
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by noncompartmental analysis."	( The effect of aging on the relationship between the cytochrome P450 2C19 genotype and omeprazole pharmacokinetics. Ishizawa, Y; Sasaki, M; Takahata, T; Tateishi, T; Yasui-Furukori, N, 2005)	0.55
" ADP-induced platelet aggregation was measured as a pharmacodynamic index."	( Interaction magnitude, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ticlopidine in relation to CYP2C19 genotypic status. Ieiri, I; Irie, S; Ishizaki, T; Kimura, M; Otsubo, K; Urae, A, 2005)	0.33
" No significant intergenotypic differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of ticlopidine were observed, although the accumulation ratio tended to be greater in hmEMs than in PMs (2."	( Interaction magnitude, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ticlopidine in relation to CYP2C19 genotypic status. Ieiri, I; Irie, S; Ishizaki, T; Kimura, M; Otsubo, K; Urae, A, 2005)	0.33
" Pharmacokinetic parameters calculated included the area under the curve (AUC(0-infinity)), peak plasma concentration (Cmax), time of peak plasma concentration (Tmax), and terminal half-life (t(1/2))."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral omeprazole in llamas. Davis, JL; Papich, MG; Poulsen, KP; Smith, GW, 2005)	0.63
"There were some differences for the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), the elimination half-life (t(1/2 ke)) and the maximum plasma concentration (c(max)) in the three groups."	( Pharmacokinetics of three proton pump inhibitors in Chinese subjects in relation to the CYP2C19 genotype. Gao, N; Guo, YZ; Hu, YR; Jia, LJ; Qiao, HL; Tian, X; Zhang, LR, 2006)	0.33
"The pharmacokinetic characteristics of the three PPIs are significantly dependent on the CYP2C19 genotype status."	( Pharmacokinetics of three proton pump inhibitors in Chinese subjects in relation to the CYP2C19 genotype. Gao, N; Guo, YZ; Hu, YR; Jia, LJ; Qiao, HL; Tian, X; Zhang, LR, 2006)	0.33
" Cmax and AUC increased linearly between 10 to 80 mg."	( Pharmacokinetics of tenatoprazole, a newly synthesized proton pump inhibitor, in healthy male Caucasian volunteers. Barré, J; Domagala, F; Ficheux, H; Houin, G, 2006)	0.33
"01) in heterozygous EMs, and significantly prolonged the elimination half-life of rabeprazole and rabeprazole thioether in homozygous EMs and in heterozygous EMs, whereas no difference in any pharmacokinetic parameters was found in PMs."	( Different effects of fluvoxamine on rabeprazole pharmacokinetics in relation to CYP2C19 genotype status. Shimizu, M; Sugawara, K; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yasui-Furukori, N, 2006)	0.33
" This method was suitable for use in pharmacokinetic studies in human volunteers, and provides a useful tool for measuring CYP2C19 activity."	( Sensitive determination of omeprazole and its two main metabolites in human plasma by column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography: application to pharmacokinetic study in relation to CYP2C19 genotypes. Niioka, T; Shimizu, M; Sugawara, K; Takahata, T; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yaui-Furukori, N, 2006)	0.63
" The present study was conducted to evaluate pharmacokinetic parameters of omeprazole after a single dose in healthy Jordanian Arabic subjects and to compare the results with data published for other populations."	( Possible interethnic differences in omeprazole pharmacokinetics : comparison of Jordanian Arabs with other populations. Shilbayeh, S; Tutunji, MF, 2006)	0.84
" Omeprazole pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from the plasma concentration-time profiles using the WinNonlin software."	( Possible interethnic differences in omeprazole pharmacokinetics : comparison of Jordanian Arabs with other populations. Shilbayeh, S; Tutunji, MF, 2006)	1.52
"The mean pharmacokinetic parameters and their corresponding coefficient of variation (CV%) for peak plasma concentration (Cmax), AUC from time zero to infinity (AUCinfinity), time to reach Cmax (tmax), apparent oral clearance (CL/F) and elimination half-life (t(1/2)) were 314."	( Possible interethnic differences in omeprazole pharmacokinetics : comparison of Jordanian Arabs with other populations. Shilbayeh, S; Tutunji, MF, 2006)	0.61
"The current pharmacokinetic study revealed that the majority of the Jordanian Arabics seemed to be more properly classified within the EM phenotype."	( Possible interethnic differences in omeprazole pharmacokinetics : comparison of Jordanian Arabs with other populations. Shilbayeh, S; Tutunji, MF, 2006)	0.61
" Serial plasma samples were collected for 12-h pharmacokinetic profiles of saquinavir and ritonavir on days 10 and 15 and safety analysis on days 1, 4, 10, 15 and 29."	( Effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of saquinavir-500 mg formulation with ritonavir in healthy male and female volunteers. Back, D; Boffito, M; Fletcher, C; Gazzard, B; Pozniak, AL; Robinson, L; Schutz, M; Tolowinska, I; Unsworth, J; Winston, A, 2006)	0.74
" No significant changes were observed in saquinavir elimination half life, ritonavir pharmacokinetic parameters or in safety laboratory tests."	( Effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of saquinavir-500 mg formulation with ritonavir in healthy male and female volunteers. Back, D; Boffito, M; Fletcher, C; Gazzard, B; Pozniak, AL; Robinson, L; Schutz, M; Tolowinska, I; Unsworth, J; Winston, A, 2006)	0.74
"To evaluate the pharmacodynamic effect, efficacy, and safety of omeprazole 10 mg and 20 mg once daily in patients with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) in Japan."	( The pharmacodynamic effect of omeprazole 10 mg and 20 mg once daily in patients with nonerosive reflux disease in Japan. Aoshima, M; Asahina, K; Ashida, K; Haruma, K; Hirayama, M; Inoue, S; Kabemura, T; Kato, M; Kinoshita, Y; Kiyama, S; Kobayashi, T; Kurosawa, S; Kuwayama, H; Matsumoto, K; Shimatani, T; Suzuki, H; Suzuki, J; Yamamoto, M, 2006)	0.86
" An open-label, randomized, crossover, phase I, pharmacokinetic interaction design was used."	( Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between omeprazole or lansoprazole and ivabradine in healthy volunteers: an open-label, randomized, crossover, pharmacokinetic interaction clinical trial. Calvo, A; Gorostiaga, C; Laredo, L; Moreno, A; Portolés, A; Resplandy, G; Terleira, A, 2006)	0.59
" This method developed can be easily applied to the pharmacokinetic study of tenatoprazole in dog plasma after oral administration of an enteric-coated capsule."	( HPLC determination and pharmacokinetic study of tenatoprazole in dog plasma after oral administration of enteric-coated capsule. Li, F; Liu, P; Lu, X; Qin, F; Sun, B, 2007)	0.34
"02 ng/ml) and paricalcitol pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using non-compartmental methods."	( Effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of paricalcitol in healthy subjects. Awni, W; Chan, J; Chira, T; Galitz, L; Palaparthy, R; Pradhan, RS; Rieser, M; Williams, LA, 2007)	0.74
" Hence, it could be expected that some pharmacokinetic parameters of omeprazole might change in PCM rats and partially restore to control levels in PCMC rats."	( Effects of cysteine on the pharmacokinetic parameters of omeprazole in rats with protein-calorie malnutrition: partial restoration of some parameters to control levels by oral cysteine supplementation. Lee, DY; Lee, I; Lee, MG, )	0.61
"The following pharmacokinetic parameters were changed in PCM rats and partially returned to control levels in PCMC rats: the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC; 387, 762, and 539 microg min/mL for control, PCM, and PCMC rats, respectively, after intravenous [IV] administration, and the corresponding values after oral administration: 115, 304, and 201 microg min/mL), total body clearance (51."	( Effects of cysteine on the pharmacokinetic parameters of omeprazole in rats with protein-calorie malnutrition: partial restoration of some parameters to control levels by oral cysteine supplementation. Lee, DY; Lee, I; Lee, MG, )	0.38
"PCM was associated with significant changes in some omeprazole pharmacokinetics and the pharmacokinetic parameters restored to control levels by oral cysteine."	( Effects of cysteine on the pharmacokinetic parameters of omeprazole in rats with protein-calorie malnutrition: partial restoration of some parameters to control levels by oral cysteine supplementation. Lee, DY; Lee, I; Lee, MG, )	0.63
"Darunavir (DRV; TMC114; Prezista) is a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitor used in combination with low-dose ritonavir (RTV) (DRV/r) as a pharmacokinetic enhancer."	( Pharmacokinetic interaction between darunavir boosted with ritonavir and omeprazole or ranitidine in human immunodeficiency virus-negative healthy volunteers. De Marez, T; De Paepe, E; De Pauw, M; Hoetelmans, RM; Lefebvre, E; Parys, W; Sekar, VJ, 2007)	0.57
" This validated method is simple and repeatable enough to be used in pharmacokinetic studies."	( Quantification of tenatoprazole in rat plasma by HPLC: validation and its application to pharmacokinetic studies. Bhyrapuneni, G; Kandikere, V; Mudigonda, K; Nirogi, R, 2007)	0.34
" However, for maleate salt, with the exception of an increase in t(1/2), no pharmacokinetic parameters were significantly changed."	( Influence of omeprazole on pharmacokinetics of domperidone given as free base and maleate salt in healthy Chinese patients. Chen, XY; Dai, XJ; Liu, QZ; Yu, HL; Zhang, YF; Zhang, YN; Zhong, DF, 2007)	0.71
"A prospective, open-label, single-site, two-period, crossover pharmacokinetic study was carried out in healthy volunteers."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics of once-daily fosamprenavir/ritonavir and atazanavir/ritonavir alone and in combination with 20 mg omeprazole in healthy volunteers. Brower, R; Frank, I; Kim, D; Luber, AD; Peloquin, CA; Silverman, R, 2007)	0.54
" OMP reduced ATV exposure [area under the concentration curve at 0-24 h (AUC0-24 h)] and the minimum drug concentration (Cmin) by 27% each."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics of once-daily fosamprenavir/ritonavir and atazanavir/ritonavir alone and in combination with 20 mg omeprazole in healthy volunteers. Brower, R; Frank, I; Kim, D; Luber, AD; Peloquin, CA; Silverman, R, 2007)	0.54
"The pharmacodynamic effects of OPZ and its pharmacokinetics depend on the CYP2C19 genotype status in Chinese people."	( Effects of CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of omeprazole in Chinese people. Hu, XP; Hu, YM; Mei, Q; Xu, JM; Xu, XH, 2007)	0.56
"In a single-dose pharmacokinetic study, 17 healthy White volunteers genotyped as either CYP2C19*17/*17 or CYP2C19*1/*1 received an oral dose of 40 mg of omeprazole."	( Increased omeprazole metabolism in carriers of the CYP2C19*17 allele; a pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers. Baldwin, RM; Bertilsson, L; Eliasson, E; Ingelman-Sundberg, M; Mwinyi, J; Ohlsson, S; Pedersen, RS, 2008)	0.95
" pharmacokinetic data on 670 drugs representing, to our knowledge, the largest publicly available set of human clinical pharmacokinetic data."	( Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds. Lombardo, F; Obach, RS; Waters, NJ, 2008)	0.35
"Previous studies reported omeprazole to be an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 and suggested the pharmacokinetic interaction of omeprazole with R-warfarin."	( The role of cytochrome P2C19 in R-warfarin pharmacokinetics and its interaction with omeprazole. Sugawara, K; Sugimoto, K; Tateishi, T; Uno, T, 2008)	0.87
" Serial plasma samples were collected; and the pharmacokinetic behavior of each enantiomer was characterized using a sequential achiral and chiral liquid chromatographic method."	( Determination of tenatoprazole enantiomers and their enantioselective pharmacokinetics in rats. Guan, J; Li, F; Li, J; Li, X; Yang, J, 2009)	0.35
" This novel method has been applied to a pharmacokinetic study of OPZ in humans."	( Highly sensitive method for the determination of omeprazole in human plasma by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry: application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study. Bharathi, DV; Ganneboina, R; Hotha, KK; Layek, B; Mullangi, R; Trivedi, RK; Vittal, S, 2009)	0.61
"Several pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were determined from the plasma samples, and data from reference and test formulations in the plasma were represented such as AUC0-t (1,223."	( Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of 20 mg omeprazole capsule in 24 healthy Korean male volunteers. Hwang, KG; Kang, JS; Kim, YS; Lee, MH; Lee, YS; Park, JH; Park, YS; Rhim, SY; Shaw, LM, 2009)	0.61
" The aim of the study is to assess the relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties of two oral formulations of 20 mg omeprazole tablet, namely LOSEC(R) as reference product and Losectil DR as test product using serum data."	( Relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetic study of omeprazole 20 mg enteric-coated tablet in healthy Bangladeshi volunteers. Abul Kalam Azad, M; Hasan, A; Hasnat, A; Mahbub Latif, AH; Ullah, MA, 2009)	0.81
" The pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by a non-compartmental method."	( Relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetic study of omeprazole 20 mg enteric-coated tablet in healthy Bangladeshi volunteers. Abul Kalam Azad, M; Hasan, A; Hasnat, A; Mahbub Latif, AH; Ullah, MA, 2009)	0.6
" No statistically significant differences were observed between two formulations by analyzing different pharmacokinetic parameters in terms of period, sequence and formulation."	( Relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetic study of omeprazole 20 mg enteric-coated tablet in healthy Bangladeshi volunteers. Abul Kalam Azad, M; Hasan, A; Hasnat, A; Mahbub Latif, AH; Ullah, MA, 2009)	0.6
" The developed assay method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study in human volunteers."	( Simultaneous estimation of four proton pump inhibitors--lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole and rabeprazole: development of a novel generic HPLC-UV method and its application to clinical pharmacokinetic study. Bharathi, DV; Chatki, PK; Hotha, KK; Jagadeesh, B; Mullangi, R; Naidu, A; Thriveni, K, 2009)	0.59
"This open-label, crossover, pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction study was conducted at seven institutions in the US and Europe between January 2005 and August 2006."	( Effect of the cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of bortezomib in patients with advanced solid tumours, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or multiple myeloma. Acharya, M; Britten, CD; Chan, K; Cohen, N; Dudov, A; Fuloria, J; Gabrail, N; Nemunaitis, J; Quinn, DI; Yee, L, 2009)	0.61
" Bortezomib pharmacokinetic parameters were similar when bortezomib was administered alone or with omeprazole (maximum plasma concentration 120 vs 123 ng/mL; area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 72 hours 129 vs 135 ng ."	( Effect of the cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of bortezomib in patients with advanced solid tumours, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or multiple myeloma. Acharya, M; Britten, CD; Chan, K; Cohen, N; Dudov, A; Fuloria, J; Gabrail, N; Nemunaitis, J; Quinn, DI; Yee, L, 2009)	0.83
" The aim of the study is to assess the bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic properties of two oral formulations of 20 mg omeprazole capsule, the reference product and Omep-20 as test product using serum data."	( Bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic study of two different omeprazole capsule formulations in healthy Bangladeshi volunteers. Azad, MA; Hasan, A; Hasnat, A; Islam, SM; Joti, JJ; Nahar, K; Ullah, MA, 2009)	0.81
" The half-life of omeprazole was also increased after both acute and chronic administration of soybean."	( Effect of soybean administration on the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine and omeprazole in rats. Asad, M; Singh, D, 2010)	0.92
" Additionally, the in vivo pharmacokinetic characterization of the chosen compounds was not hampered by the reduction of calibration standards (from n = 8 to n = 3)."	( Influence of number of calibration standards within a defined range on pharmacokinetic disposition-case studies with omeprazole and clopidogrel carboxylic acid. D'Souza, HJ; Kristjansson, F; Kumar, A; Pai, B; Shekar, R; Srinivas, NR, 2010)	0.57
"97), or half-life (13."	( Effect of a proton pump inhibitor on the pharmacokinetics of imatinib. Appleman, LR; Beumer, JH; Christner, SM; Egorin, MJ; Komazec, KA; Miller, BM; Redner, RL; Shah, DD; Yerk, MA, 2009)	0.35
" Blood samples were collected predose and 0 to 96 hours postdose for pharmacokinetic analysis."	( Effects of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetic profiles of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate and extended-release mixed amphetamine salts in adults. Buckwalter, M; Ermer, JC; Haffey, MB; Homolka, R; Lasseter, KC; Martin, P; Zhang, P, 2009)	0.74
" h/mL, for Cmax and AUCinf, respectively."	( Effects of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetic profiles of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate and extended-release mixed amphetamine salts in adults. Buckwalter, M; Ermer, JC; Haffey, MB; Homolka, R; Lasseter, KC; Martin, P; Zhang, P, 2009)	0.74
" However, approximately 50% of subjects receiving MAS XR showed an earlier Tmax while on omeprazole, indicating unpredictable release of active drug by the second bead of MAS XR, most likely related to reduced stomach acid while on a PPI compromising the pulsed delivery of MAS XR."	( Effects of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetic profiles of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate and extended-release mixed amphetamine salts in adults. Buckwalter, M; Ermer, JC; Haffey, MB; Homolka, R; Lasseter, KC; Martin, P; Zhang, P, 2009)	0.96
" Pharmacokinetic profile was less variable for immediate compared with delayed-release omeprazole."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of immediate-release omeprazole in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux associated with gastroparesis. Eversmann, J; Mann, S; Wo, JM, 2010)	0.84
"Immediate-release omeprazole was associated with a more rapid absorption and less variable pharmacokinetic profile compared with delayed-release omeprazole in reflux patients associated with gastroparesis."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of immediate-release omeprazole in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux associated with gastroparesis. Eversmann, J; Mann, S; Wo, JM, 2010)	0.95
"There were authentic distinctions between the groups of healthy volunteers and patients with a peptic ulcer disease in Cmax, Tmax, AUC(0-t), AUC(0-infinity), CIt, Vd of omeprazole and Cmax of esomeprazole (Nexium, AstraZeneca)."	( [Omeprazol and ezomeprazol pharmacokinetics, duration of antisecretory effect, and reasons for their probable changes in duodenal ulcer]. Dobrovol'skiĭ, OV; Kondratenko, SN; Pisarev, VV; Serebrova, SIu; Starodubtsev, AK; Vasilenko, GF, 2009)	0.55
" This assay was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic omeprazole study in children with cerebral palsy and mental retardation."	( A bio-analytical hydrophilic interaction LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of omeprazole and lansoprazole in human plasma in support of a pharmacokinetic omeprazole study in children. Boussery, K; De Cock, P; De Paepe, P; De Smet, J; Remon, JP; Van Bocxlaer, J; Van Winckel, M, 2010)	0.82
" Different pharmacokinetic parameters for both drugs were determined using non-compartmental method."	( Interaction study between levofloxacin and omeprazole using urinary pharmacokinetic data. Azad, MA; Faruquee, CF; Hasnat, A; Parveen, S; Rayhan, I; Ullah, A, 2010)	0.62
"After a single dose, both the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and peak concentration (C(max)) were higher in PMs than in EMs."	( Influence of CYP2C19 on the relationship between pharmacokinetics and intragastric pH of omeprazole administered by successive intravenous infusions in Chinese healthy volunteers. Li, Z; Meng, L; Ou, N; Shi, R; Wang, M; Wang, Y; Yuan, H; Zhang, H, 2010)	0.58
" It has been suggested that staggering administration of clopidogrel and omeprazole may overcome this pharmacodynamic (PD) interaction."	( Pharmacodynamic effects of concomitant versus staggered clopidogrel and omeprazole intake: results of a prospective randomized crossover study. Angiolillo, DJ; Bass, TA; Capodanno, D; Charlton, RK; Darlington, A; Desai, B; Dharmashankar, K; Ferreiro, JL; Ueno, M, 2010)	0.82
" The pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using previously developed barrier-limited and space-distributed models."	( Liver fibrosis impairs hepatic pharmacokinetics of liver transplant drugs in the rat model. Asadian, P; Crawford, DH; Fletcher, LM; Khlentzos, AM; Li, P; Liu, X; Roberts, MS; Robertson, TA; Thorling, CA; Zou, YH, 2010)	0.36
" Pharmacokinetic analyses were performed on day 1 without sorafenib and day 28 after steady-state sorafenib exposure; sorafenib pharmacokinetics were evaluated on day 28."	( Interaction of sorafenib and cytochrome P450 isoenzymes in patients with advanced melanoma: a phase I/II pharmacokinetic interaction study. Flaherty, KT; Frye, RF; Lathia, C; O'Dwyer, PJ; Redlinger, M; Rosen, M; Schuchter, L, 2011)	0.37
" The present method was successfully applied to a chiral pharmacokinetic study of omeprazole in human volunteers with different CYP2C19 genotypes."	( Chiral assay of omeprazole and metabolites and its application to a pharmacokinetics related to CYP2C19 genotypes. Shiohira, H; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yasui-Furukori, N, 2011)	0.94
" These observations support the investigation of potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between PPIs and anticoagulants."	( Effect of multiple doses of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of a single dose of rivaroxaban. Ariyawansa, J; Burton, PB; Moore, KT; Plotnikov, AN; Thyssen, A; Vaccaro, N, 2011)	0.66
" In conclusion, omeprazole did not affect the pharmacokinetic profile of vinpocetine."	( Omeprazole does not change the oral bioavailability or pharmacokinetics of vinpocetine in rats. Karaźniewicz-Łada, M; Kiełbowicz, G; Ksiądzyna, D; Magdalan, J; Merwid-Ląd, A; Sozański, T; Szeląg, A; Szumny, A; Słupski, W; Trocha, M, 2011)	2.16
" Pharmacokinetic profiling of orally dosed DPG or DPG with 60% loading of FA (DPG/FA60) was carried out in omeprazole-treated rats as a hypochlorhydric model."	( Improved dissolution and pharmacokinetic behavior of dipyridamole formulation with microenvironmental pH-modifier under hypochlorhydria. Inoue, R; Kawabata, Y; Onoue, S; Taniguchi, C; Wada, K; Yamada, S; Yamashita, K; Yamauchi, Y, 2012)	0.59
" Pharmacodynamic end-points were vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein P2Y(12) platelet reactivity index, maximal platelet aggregation to 5 and 20 μmol/l adenosine diphosphate, and VerifyNow P2Y12 platelet response units."	( A randomized, 2-period, crossover design study to assess the effects of dexlansoprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole, and omeprazole on the steady-state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel in healthy volunteers. Bhatt, DL; Brooks, JK; Frelinger, AL; Lee, RD; Michelson, AD; Mulford, DJ; Nigam, A; Nudurupati, S; Wu, J, 2012)	0.59
"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses with omeprazole demonstrated assay sensitivity."	( A randomized, 2-period, crossover design study to assess the effects of dexlansoprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole, and omeprazole on the steady-state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel in healthy volunteers. Bhatt, DL; Brooks, JK; Frelinger, AL; Lee, RD; Michelson, AD; Mulford, DJ; Nigam, A; Nudurupati, S; Wu, J, 2012)	0.84
"In the absence of clinical studies, the ability to project the direction and the magnitude of changes in bioavailability of drug therapy, using evidence-based mechanistic pharmacokinetic in silico models would be of significant value in guiding prescribers to make the necessary adjustments to dosage regimens for an increasing population of patients who are undergoing bariatric surgery."	( A mechanistic pharmacokinetic model to assess modified oral drug bioavailability post bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients: interplay between CYP3A gut wall metabolism, permeability and dissolution. Ammori, BJ; Ashcroft, DM; Darwich, AS; Jamei, M; Pade, D; Rostami-Hodjegan, A, 2012)	0.38
" The present study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of omeprazole after a single oral administration to a random Iranian population."	( Variation in omeprazole pharmacokinetics in a random Iranian population: a pilot study. Keyhanfar, F; Kobarfard, F; Motevalian, M; Noubarani, M, 2012)	0.98
" Plasma samples obtained, up to 24 hr after dosing, from four male and four female Microminipigs were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to estimate typical pharmacokinetic parameters for each analyte."	( Simultaneous pharmacokinetics assessment of caffeine, warfarin, omeprazole, metoprolol, and midazolam intravenously or orally administered to Microminipigs. Iwasaki, K; Izumi, H; Kusumoto, S; Mogi, M; Murayama, N; Shimizu, M; Takehara, H; Toda, A; Utoh, M; Yamazaki, H, 2012)	0.62
"We conducted a pharmacokinetic (PK) study and a pharmacodynamic (PD) study to assess whether Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is associated with significant changes to PK and PD of oral medications."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic alterations in the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass recipients. Chalasani, N; Hall, SD; Jones, DR; Mattar, S; Tandra, S; Vuppalanchi, R, 2013)	0.39
" Compared with controls, the RYGB group had brisk natriuresis, with significantly lower tmax for urine sodium (1."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic alterations in the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass recipients. Chalasani, N; Hall, SD; Jones, DR; Mattar, S; Tandra, S; Vuppalanchi, R, 2013)	0.39
"RYGB recipients have significantly shorter tmax for the studied orally administered medications, but otherwise no other significant changes in PK were reported."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic alterations in the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass recipients. Chalasani, N; Hall, SD; Jones, DR; Mattar, S; Tandra, S; Vuppalanchi, R, 2013)	0.39
"This study aimed to determine whether the PPI omeprazole influences the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) behavior of ASA+ER-DP."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the antiplatelet combination aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) plus extended-release dipyridamole are not altered by coadministration with the potent CYP2C19 inhibitor omeprazole. Brickl, R; Ehrlich, J; Eisert, W; Offman, E; Schobelock, MJ; VanderMaelen, CP, 2013)	0.84
"The present study was conducted to describe the pharmacokinetic profile of immediate-release compound omeprazole capsule and compare it with the enteric-coated formulation under fasting and fed condition."	( Pharmacokinetics of a new immediate-release compound omeprazole capsule and its comparison with the enteric-coated formulation under fasting and fed conditions. Cao, X; Ding, L; Duan, H; Jiang, L; Liu, Z; Zhong, S, 2013)	0.85
"This review provides an update on the following points: pharmacokinetic profile and metabolism of ilaprazole in relation to its pharmacodynamic properties; comparative data on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ilaprazole with currently available PPIs; and implications for studies on the therapeutic efficacy of ilaprazole in GERD."	( The pharmacokinetics of ilaprazole for gastro-esophageal reflux treatment. Blandizzi, C; de Bortoli, N; Giacchino, M; Marchi, S; Martinucci, I; Savarino, E; Savarino, V, 2013)	0.39
"Different studies show that ilaprazole, a benzimidazole derivative, has an extended plasma half-life in comparison with all other approved PPIs."	( The pharmacokinetics of ilaprazole for gastro-esophageal reflux treatment. Blandizzi, C; de Bortoli, N; Giacchino, M; Marchi, S; Martinucci, I; Savarino, E; Savarino, V, 2013)	0.39
" Clinical studies in healthy subjects were performed to evaluate potential pharmacokinetic interactions between vortioxetine (Lu AA21004) and co-administered agents, including fluconazole (cytochrome P450 [CYP] 2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A inhibitor), ketoconazole (CYP3A and P-glycoprotein inhibitor), rifampicin (CYP inducer), bupropion (CYP2D6 inhibitor and CYP2B6 substrate), ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel (CYP3A substrates) and omeprazole (CYP2C19 substrate and inhibitor)."	( Pharmacokinetic drug interactions involving vortioxetine (Lu AA21004), a multimodal antidepressant. Buchbjerg, JK; Chen, G; Højer, AM; Lee, R; Serenko, M; Zhao, Z, 2013)	0.55
", area under the plasma concentration-time curve [AUC] and maximum plasma concentration [C max]) was used to assess pharmacokinetic interactions."	( Pharmacokinetic drug interactions involving vortioxetine (Lu AA21004), a multimodal antidepressant. Buchbjerg, JK; Chen, G; Højer, AM; Lee, R; Serenko, M; Zhao, Z, 2013)	0.39
" DNV AUC0-∞, Cmax and C12h GMR% (90% CI) with ranitidine: 81."	( Effect of meal and antisecretory agents on the pharmacokinetics of danoprevir/ritonavir in healthy volunteers. Bech, N; Brennan, BJ; Morcos, PN; Moreira, SA; Navarro, MT; Quatkemeyer, A; Smith, PF, 2014)	0.4
" The AUC0-24 and Cmax of active clopidogrel metabolite decreased with both omeprazole and rabeprazole, and conditions of bioequivalence were not met, except for AUC0-24 with rabeprazole."	( Effects of rabeprazole on the antiplatelet effects and pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel in healthy volunteers. Azizi, M; Ducint, D; Funck-Brentano, C; Gaussem, P; Molimard, M; Remones, V; Steichen, O; Szymezak, J, 2013)	0.62
" However, under our experimental conditions and proton-pump inhibitor doses, there was no significant pharmacodynamic interaction between rabeprazole or omeprazole and clopidogrel, despite a significant decrease in the formation of clopidogrel active metabolite."	( Effects of rabeprazole on the antiplatelet effects and pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel in healthy volunteers. Azizi, M; Ducint, D; Funck-Brentano, C; Gaussem, P; Molimard, M; Remones, V; Steichen, O; Szymezak, J, 2013)	0.59
"To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for intravenous omeprazole in critically ill children."	( Population pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in critically ill pediatric patients. Carrillo, A; Colom, H; González, R; López, J; López-Herce, J; Manzanares, C; Solana, MJ; Urbano, J, 2014)	0.93
"The pharmacokinetic profile was best described by a 2-compartment model with a first-order elimination process."	( Population pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in critically ill pediatric patients. Carrillo, A; Colom, H; González, R; López, J; López-Herce, J; Manzanares, C; Solana, MJ; Urbano, J, 2014)	0.69
"An allometric size model allows changes to be predicted in all the pharmacokinetic parameters, making dose adjustment by body weight important to achieve the most effective omeprazole exposure."	( Population pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in critically ill pediatric patients. Carrillo, A; Colom, H; González, R; López, J; López-Herce, J; Manzanares, C; Solana, MJ; Urbano, J, 2014)	0.88
" A single oral dose, open-label, non-controlled, pharmacokinetic study of omeprazole was conducted in healthy young/premenopausal females (n = 16)."	( Pharmacokinetics of omeprazole and its metabolites in three phases of menstrual cycle. Ahmad, L; Iqbal, Z; Nasir, F; Nazir, S; Shah, Y, 2015)	0.97
"This phase I, randomized, open-label, two-way crossover trial evaluated the pharmacokinetic effects of lacosamide and omeprazole coadministration."	( Pharmacokinetics of lacosamide and omeprazole coadministration in healthy volunteers: results from a phase I, randomized, crossover trial. Cawello, W; Fichtner, A; Mueller-Voessing, C, 2014)	0.89
" Area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and peak concentration (C(max)) were the primary pharmacokinetic parameters measured for lacosamide or omeprazole administered alone (reference) or in combination (test)."	( Pharmacokinetics of lacosamide and omeprazole coadministration in healthy volunteers: results from a phase I, randomized, crossover trial. Cawello, W; Fichtner, A; Mueller-Voessing, C, 2014)	0.88
"The objective of this study is to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for each omeprazole enantiomer that accounts for nonlinear PK of the two enantiomers as well as omeprazole racemic drug."	( Predicting nonlinear pharmacokinetics of omeprazole enantiomers and racemic drug using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation: application to predict drug/genetic interactions. Bashaw, ED; Gaohua, L; Huang, SM; Jamei, M; Lee, SC; Wu, F; Zhao, P, 2014)	0.88
" Pharmacokinetic effects were estimated by measuring active metabolite of clopidogrel, and pharmacodynamic effects by inhibition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation."	( Effect of esomeprazole with/without acetylsalicylic acid, omeprazole and lansoprazole on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel in healthy volunteers. Andersson, T; Galbraith, H; Nagy, P; Niazi, M; Nylander, S; Ranjan, S; Wallentin, L, 2014)	0.78
" The purpose of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic of four probe drugs in adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy rat."	( Pharmacokinetic of four probe drugs in adriamycin-induced nephropathy rat. Chen, WH; Chen, ZB; Hu, LF; Li, D; Lin, FY; Yu, XG; Zhi, AY, 2014)	0.4
"To evaluate felodipine as a potential perpetrator of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (PK-DDIs) involving cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and P-glycoprotein (P-gp)."	( Evaluation of felodipine as a potential perpetrator of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions. Doogue, MP; Miners, JO; Polasek, TM; Rowland, A; Snyder, BD, 2014)	0.4
" Vandetanib + digoxin increased digoxin area under the concentration-time curve from zero to the last quantifiable concentration (AUC0-last) and Cmax by 23 and 29 %, respectively, versus digoxin alone, with only a 9 % decrease in CLR."	( Pharmacokinetic evaluations of the co-administrations of vandetanib and metformin, digoxin, midazolam, omeprazole or ranitidine. Johansson, S; Leese, PT; Li, Y; Lisbon, E; Martin, P; Mathews, D; Oliver, S; Read, J; Steinberg, M, 2014)	0.62
" No significant differences were present between the ECO-Fasted and ECO-Fed groups with regards to bioavailability, Cmax , Tmax or AUC0-∞ ."	( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous, plain oral and enteric-coated oral omeprazole in the horse. McGowan, CM; Mills, PC; Sykes, BW; Underwood, C, 2015)	0.65
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of coadministration of acid-reducing agents on the pharmacokinetic exposure of orally administered epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor erlotinib, a drug that displays pH-dependent solubility."	( Effect of gastric pH on erlotinib pharmacokinetics in healthy individuals: omeprazole and ranitidine. Abt, M; Ducray, PS; Giraudon, M; Hamilton, M; Kletzl, H; Lum, BL, 2015)	0.65
"The objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of formulation (enteric coated and buffered) and feeding on pharmacokinetic variables associated with the oral administration of omeprazole in the horse."	( The effect of feeding on the pharmacokinetic variables of two commercially available formulations of omeprazole. McGowan, CM; Mills, PC; Sykes, BW; Underwood, C, 2015)	0.82
" The metabolism of these drugs by CYP1A2, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 was evaluated by the calculation of bioavailabilities and of intrinsic clearances using a pharmacokinetic (PK) model."	( Investigation of omeprazole and phenacetin first-pass metabolism in humans using a microscale bioreactor and pharmacokinetic models. Bois, F; Bricks, T; Fleury, MJ; Hamon, J; Herpe, YE; Jellali, R; Leclerc, E; Merlier, F; Regimbeau, JM; Seyer, A, 2015)	0.76
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed for up to 48 hours after administration of the investigational product."	( A phase 1 randomized study evaluating the effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of a novel 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 agonist, revexepride (SSP-002358), in healthy adults. Corcoran, M; Hoppenbrouwers, M; Hossack, S; Martin, P; Pierce, D; Velinova, M, 2015)	0.67
" The pharmacokinetic parameters of revexepride were similar without or with omeprazole co-administration."	( A phase 1 randomized study evaluating the effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of a novel 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 agonist, revexepride (SSP-002358), in healthy adults. Corcoran, M; Hoppenbrouwers, M; Hossack, S; Martin, P; Pierce, D; Velinova, M, 2015)	0.9
" Published pharmacokinetic data of omeprazole after intravenous or oral administration in Caucasian, Chinese, and Japanese were used for the evaluation."	( Evaluating a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for prediction of omeprazole clearance and assessing ethnic sensitivity in CYP2C19 metabolic pathway. Cleary, Y; Feng, S; Hu, P; Parrott, N; Shi, J; Wang, Y; Weber, C; Yin, OQ, 2015)	0.92
" Blood samples for pharmacokinetic analysis were collected pre-dose and serially for 72 h post-dose."	( Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate Effects on the Pharmacokinetics of Cytochrome P450 Substrates in Healthy Adults in an Open-Label, Randomized, Crossover Study. Corcoran, M; Ermer, J; Martin, P, 2015)	0.42
"The advances in pharmaceutical development and drug discovery impose the availability of reliable high-throughput screening methods for the rapid evaluation of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (PK) in biological samples."	( Development and validation of a DESI-HRMS/MS method for the fast profiling of esomeprazole and its metabolites in rat plasma: a pharmacokinetic study. Barocelli, E; Bettini, R; Castrati, L; Colombo, P; Elviri, L; Flammini, L; Rossi, A, 2016)	0.66
" No significant differences were present between three of the formulations and the reference formulation, while the fourth formulation had a lower Cmax and longer Tmax than the reference formulation."	( Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence testing of five commercial formulations of omeprazole in the horse. Greer, R; McGowan, CM; Mills, PC; Sykes, BW; Underwood, C, 2016)	0.66
" Plasma concentrations of slowly eliminated caffeine and R-/S-warfarin and rapidly eliminated omeprazole and midazolam previously observed in cynomolgus monkeys were scaled to human oral biomonitoring equivalents using known species allometric scaling factors and in vitro metabolic clearance data with a simple physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model."	( Human plasma concentrations of cytochrome P450 probes extrapolated from pharmacokinetics in cynomolgus monkeys using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. Murayama, N; Shida, S; Shimizu, M; Uno, Y; Utoh, M; Yamazaki, H, 2015)	0.64
" There was a 37% decrease in Cmax and a 16% decrease in AUC (0-∞) following administration of danirixin in the presence of food."	( The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of danirixin (GSK1325756)--a selective CXCR2 antagonist --in healthy adult subjects. Bloomer, JC; Carpenter, DC; Connolly, P; Cooray, H; Lazaar, AL; Miller, BE; Mistry, S; Smart, K; Tal-Singer, R, 2015)	0.42
" However, its pharmacokinetic and chemical instability does not allow simple aqueous dosage form formulation synthesis for therapy of, especially child, these patients."	( Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Omeprazole Granule and Suspension Forms in Children: A Randomized, Parallel Pilot Trial. Dehghanzadeh, G; Haghighat, M; Karami, S; Mirzaei, R; Rahimi, HR, 2016)	0.72
"The pharmacokinetics of cytochrome P450 probes in humans can be extrapolated from corresponding data in cynomolgus monkeys using simplified physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling."	( Human plasma concentrations of five cytochrome P450 probes extrapolated from pharmacokinetics in dogs and minipigs using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. Shida, S; Yamazaki, H, 2016)	0.43
"For SA, Tmax significantly decreased after RYGB, while both Cmax and AUC0-24 significantly increased."	( The Effect of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery in Morbidly Obese Patients on Pharmacokinetics of (Acetyl)Salicylic Acid and Omeprazole: the ERY-PAO Study. Mitrov-Winkelmolen, L; Overdiek, HWPM; Swank, DJ; Touw, DJ; van Buul-Gast, MW; van Schaik, RHN, 2016)	0.64
" The pharmacokinetic data of cytochrome P450 probes in humans can be extrapolated from corresponding data in cynomolgus monkeys, dogs and minipigs using simplified physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling."	( Human plasma concentrations of cytochrome P450 probe cocktails extrapolated from pharmacokinetics in mice transplanted with human hepatocytes and from pharmacokinetics in common marmosets using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. Kawano, M; Mitsui, M; Sasaki, E; Shimizu, M; Suemizu, H; Toda, A; Uehara, S; Uno, Y; Utoh, M; Yamazaki, H, 2016)	0.43
" Based on clearance of CYP isoform-specific substrates at the microsomal level (CLM), microsomal protein per gram of liver (MPPGL), liver weight, hepatic blood flow, hepatic clearance values (CLH) for 10 CYPs in HCC patients (n=102) were extrapolated using a predictive bottom-up pharmacokinetic model."	( Changes in cytochrome P450s-mediated drug clearance in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo: a bottom-up approach. Fang, Y; Gao, J; Gao, N; He, XP; Jia, LJ; Jin, H; Qiao, HL; Tian, X; Wen, Q; Zhang, YF; Zhou, J, 2016)	0.43
" Here, we assessed the potential for pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction of LCZ696 (400 mg, single dose or once daily [q."	( Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction assessment of LCZ696 (an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor) with omeprazole, metformin or levonorgestrel-ethinyl estradiol in healthy subjects. Akahori, M; Dahlke, M; Gan, L; Jiang, X; Langenickel, T; Mendonza, A; Neelakantham, S; Nguyen, J; Pal, P; Rajman, I; Rebello, S; Reynolds, C; Sunkara, G; Swan, T; Zhou, W, 2016)	0.65
" Blood and urine samples were collected on days 6 and 12 to evaluate rotigotine pharmacokinetic parameters alone and in the presence of omeprazole."	( No influence of the CYP2C19-selective inhibitor omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of the dopamine receptor agonist rotigotine. Andreas, JO; Braun, M; Cawello, W; Elshoff, JP, 2014)	0.86
" It was fully validated and applied to a pharmacokinetic study after per os administration of 20mg tablet formulations of omeprazole."	( Study of the effect of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on omeprazole pharmacokinetics by utilizing validated LC-MS/MS and Real Time-PCR methods. Chatzidaki, M; Dotsikas, Y; Koukoula, M; Loukas, YL; Molou, E; Schulpis, KH; Thodi, G; Triantafylli, O, 2017)	0.92
"We report a case of Pisa syndrome (PS) due to the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donepezil which may have been precipitated by pharmacokinetic interactions with commonly used medications."	( Pisa syndrome due to donepezil: pharmacokinetic interactions to blame? Cunningham, E; McGuinness, B; Passmore, AP; Pollock, D, 2017)	0.46
"To compare pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of a novel omeprazole formulation against a currently registered product."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of two omeprazole formulations on stomach pH and gastric ulcer scores. Andrews, FM; Nielsen, SG; Raidal, SL; Trope, G, 2017)	0.94
" The mean hepatic clearances determined by in silico fitting for individual pharmacokinetic models of warfarin and midazolam in the aged group were, respectively, 23% and 56% smaller than those for the young group."	( Effects of aging and rifampicin pretreatment on the pharmacokinetics of human cytochrome P450 probes caffeine, warfarin, omeprazole, metoprolol and midazolam in common marmosets genotyped for cytochrome P450 2C19. Inoue, T; Kusama, T; Mogi, M; Sasaki, E; Shimizu, M; Toda, A; Uehara, S; Uno, Y; Utoh, M; Yamazaki, H, 2018)	0.69
" To expand and verify this modeling procedure, simulations of R/S-omeprazole and R/S-warfarin clearances after oral administrations in individual marmosets were performed using individual simplified physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling consisting of gut, liver and central compartments."	( Association with polymorphic marmoset cytochrome P450 2C19 of in vivo hepatic clearances of chirally separated R-omeprazole and S-warfarin using individual marmoset physiologically based pharmacokinetic models. Inoue, T; Kusama, T; Sasaki, E; Shimizu, M; Toda, A; Uehara, S; Uno, Y; Utoh, M; Yamazaki, H, 2018)	0.93
" Combining epidemiological studies with pharmacokinetic modeling, we detected and evaluated high-dimensional DDIs among 30 frequent drugs."	( Translational High-Dimensional Drug Interaction Discovery and Validation Using Health Record Databases and Pharmacokinetics Models. Chiang, CW; Li, L; Ning, X; Quinney, SK; Shen, L; Wang, L; Wang, X; Zhang, P; Zhang, S, 2018)	0.48
"Searching for pharmacokinetic interaction studies between clopidogrel and omeprazole in humans was performed in PubMed."	( A pharmacokinetic model of drug-drug interaction between clopidogrel and omeprazole at CYP2C19 in humans. Lohitnavy, M; Lohitnavy, O; Morasuk, T; Tangamornsuksan, W; Thiansupornpong, P, 2017)	0.92
"Our clopidogrel-omeprazole pharmacokinetic interaction model with a description of competitive inhibition at CYP2C19 could successfully describe concentration-time courses from the selected datasets."	( A pharmacokinetic model of drug-drug interaction between clopidogrel and omeprazole at CYP2C19 in humans. Lohitnavy, M; Lohitnavy, O; Morasuk, T; Tangamornsuksan, W; Thiansupornpong, P, 2017)	1.03
" There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of caffeine, omeprazole, metoprolol, chlorzoxazone, and midazolam between the SGI-pretreated and control groups."	( Influence of Shenxiong Glucose Injection on the Activities of Six CYP Isozymes and Metabolism of Warfarin in Rats Assessed Using Probe Cocktail and Pharmacokinetic Approaches. Gong, Z; Huang, J; Li, Y; Liu, C; Liu, T; Lu, Y; Pan, J; Sun, J; Wang, Y; Zheng, J; Zheng, L, 2017)	0.68
" Blood samples were collected at prespecified time points for pharmacokinetic analyses."	( The Effect of Food or Omeprazole on the Pharmacokinetics of Osimertinib in Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and in Healthy Volunteers. Bui, K; Cassier, PA; Dickinson, PA; Greystoke, A; Lisbon, E; Moreno, V; Plummer, R; So, K; Thomas, K; Vishwanathan, K; Weilert, D; Yap, TA, 2018)	0.8
" The present study aimed to develop a novel amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) of CAR with acidic counter ions for pH modifications in microenvironment to improve the pharmacokinetic properties under hypochlorhydric conditions."	( Amorphous solid dispersions of carvedilol along with pH-modifiers improved pharmacokinetic properties under hypochlorhydoria. Halder, S; Onoue, S; Sato, H; Seto, Y; Tabata, A, 2018)	0.48
"A single-center, randomized, open-label, parallel-group trial investigated pharmacokinetic interactions of oral semaglutide with omeprazole (40 mg once-daily) in 54 healthy subjects."	( A randomized study investigating the effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of oral semaglutide. Breitschaft, A; Bækdal, TA; Hansen, CW; Navarria, A, 2018)	0.94
"An in vitro-in vivo (IVIV) pharmacokinetic model of itraconazole and hydroxyitraconazole was developed including data from an omeprazole interaction study with SUBA itraconazole."	( Mechanistic Assessment of the Effect of Omeprazole on the In Vivo Pharmacokinetics of Itraconazole in Healthy Volunteers. Abuhelwa, AY; Foster, DJR; Mudge, S; Upton, RN, 2019)	0.99
"A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was used to simulate the impact of elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-6 on the exposure of several orally administered cytochrome P450 (CYP) probe substrates (caffeine, S-warfarin, omeprazole, dextromethorphan, midazolam, and simvastatin)."	( Simulating the Impact of Elevated Levels of Interleukin-6 on the Pharmacokinetics of Various CYP450 Substrates in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica or Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders in Different Ethnic Populations. Ducray, PS; Endo-Tsukude, C; Gardner, I; Gill, KL; Hatley, OJ; Machavaram, KK; Parrott, N; Terao, K, 2019)	0.7
" Pharmacokinetic analyses of the CYP2C19 probe drug, omeprazole, were performed before and after rifampicin or fluvoxamine administration."	( Effect of co-administered inducer or inhibitor on omeprazole pharmacokinetics based on CYP2C19 genotype. Hakamata, A; Inui, N; Kamiya, C; Miyakawa, S; Namiki, N; Odagiri, K; Tanaka, S; Uchida, S; Watanabe, H, 2019)	1.02
"Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling and simulation is a useful tool in predicting the PK profiles of a drug, assessing the effects of covariates such as demographics, ethnicity, genetic polymorphisms and disease status on the PK, and evaluating the potential of drug-drug interactions."	( Development of a Korean-specific virtual population for physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling and simulation. Chung, JY; Hatley, O; Kim, Y; Lee, H; Lee, HA; Rhee, SJ; Yi, S; Yoon, S; Yu, KS, 2019)	0.51
" The purpose of this study is to apply a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approach to investigate the DDI mechanism for an immediate release formulation of nifedipine with omeprazole."	( Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach to Identify the Drug-Drug Interaction Mechanism of Nifedipine and a Proton Pump Inhibitor, Omeprazole. Babiskin, A; Le Merdy, M; Lee, SC; Ni, Z; Sun, D; Tan, ML; Zhao, L, 2021)	1.01
"A prospective, blinded randomized interventional study was trial, conducted in 3 parts: (a) bioavailability study, (b) dose titration study, and (c) comparative clinical pharmacodynamic study, each using a blocked crossover design."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of 2 registered omeprazole preparations and varying dose rates in horses. Edwards, S; Hughes, KJ; Jacobson, GA; Narkowicz, CK; Raidal, SL; Wise, JC, 2021)	0.86
"Consistent with the larger dose administered, Cmax (median, 1032 ng/mL; range, 576-1766) and AUC0-24 (median, 63."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of 2 registered omeprazole preparations and varying dose rates in horses. Edwards, S; Hughes, KJ; Jacobson, GA; Narkowicz, CK; Raidal, SL; Wise, JC, 2021)	0.86
"For decades, inflammation has been considered a cause of pharmacokinetic variability, mainly in relation to the inhibitory effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the expression level and activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP)."	( Modeling Approach to Predict the Impact of Inflammation on the Pharmacokinetics of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 Substrates. Chenel, M; Gautier-Veyret, E; Payen, L; Simon, F; Stanke-Labesque, F; Tod, M; Truffot, A, 2021)	0.62
"Changes in pharmacokinetic profiles and parameters induced by inflammation seem to be captured accurately by the models."	( Modeling Approach to Predict the Impact of Inflammation on the Pharmacokinetics of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 Substrates. Chenel, M; Gautier-Veyret, E; Payen, L; Simon, F; Stanke-Labesque, F; Tod, M; Truffot, A, 2021)	0.62
" Coadministration of OM with omeprazole was not associated with any clinically significant pharmacokinetic drug interactions."	( Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interaction Study of Omecamtiv Mecarbil With Omeprazole, a Proton Pump Inhibitor, in Healthy Subjects. Abbasi, S; Dutta, S; Flach, S; Jafarinasabian, P; Lee, E; Sohn, W; Terminello, B; Trivedi, A; Zhang, H, 2022)	1.25
"The aim of this work is the development of a mechanistic physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model using in vitro to in vivo extrapolation to conduct a drug-drug interaction (DDI) assessment of treosulfan against two cytochrome p450 (CYP) isoenzymes and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates."	( Evaluation of the drug-drug interaction potential of treosulfan using a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling approach. Balazki, P; Baumgart, J; Beelen, DW; Böhm, S; Hemmelmann, C; Hilger, RA; Martins, FS; Ring, A; Schaller, S, 2022)	0.72
" However, considering the comprehensive treosulfan-based conditioning treatment schedule and the respective pharmacokinetic properties of the concomitantly used drugs (eg, half-life), the potential for interaction on all evaluated mechanisms would be low (AUCR < 1."	( Evaluation of the drug-drug interaction potential of treosulfan using a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling approach. Balazki, P; Baumgart, J; Beelen, DW; Böhm, S; Hemmelmann, C; Hilger, RA; Martins, FS; Ring, A; Schaller, S, 2022)	0.72
" In this study, a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed to assess CYPs mediated therapeutic protein drug interactions (TP-DIs) in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) with elevated systemic IL-6 levels when treated by anti-IL-6 therapies."	( Utilization of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model to assess disease-mediated therapeutic protein-disease-drug interaction in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Chen, Y; Miao, X; Wang, L; Zhou, H; Zhou, W, 2022)	0.72
" The aim of our study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to foresee the impact of elevated IL-6 levels in combination with drug interactions with esomeprazole on CYP3A and CYP2C19."	( Prediction of cytochromes P450 3A and 2C19 modulation by both inflammation and drug interactions using physiologically based pharmacokinetics. Daali, Y; Desmeules, JA; Lenoir, C; Niederer, A; Rollason, V; Samer, CF, 2022)	0.91
" The principal aim was to evaluate whether gastric bypass surgery modifies the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of omeprazole."	( Effect of Obesity and Roux-En-Y Gastric Surgery on Omeprazole Pharmacokinetics. Bandrés, F; Castrillón, EV; Chicharro, LM; López-Picado, A; Moreno Lopera, C; Paterna, ABR; Portolés-Pérez, A; Rubio, MA; Sánchez Pernaute, A; Torres García, AJ, 2022)	1.18
" Cmax and AUC corrected by dose/body weight were significantly different between the baseline surgery subjects and controls."	( Effect of Obesity and Roux-En-Y Gastric Surgery on Omeprazole Pharmacokinetics. Bandrés, F; Castrillón, EV; Chicharro, LM; López-Picado, A; Moreno Lopera, C; Paterna, ABR; Portolés-Pérez, A; Rubio, MA; Sánchez Pernaute, A; Torres García, AJ, 2022)	0.97
" The drug dissolution and the gastrointestinal tract pH conditions are likely to influence the in vivo pharmacokinetic behavior of LTD tablets."	( Simultaneous Determination of Loratadine and Its Metabolite Desloratadine in Beagle Plasma by LC-MS/MS and Application for Pharmacokinetics Study of Loratadine Tablets and Omeprazole‑Induced Drug-Drug Interaction. Li, X; Wang, W; Wang, Y; Wu, W; Xu, Q; Zhang, J; Zhang, T; Zhang, Y, 2021)	0.82
" Pharmacokinetic results showed in the fasting state the three LTD tablets were equivalent in beagles in terms of effective components."	( Simultaneous Determination of Loratadine and Its Metabolite Desloratadine in Beagle Plasma by LC-MS/MS and Application for Pharmacokinetics Study of Loratadine Tablets and Omeprazole‑Induced Drug-Drug Interaction. Li, X; Wang, W; Wang, Y; Wu, W; Xu, Q; Zhang, J; Zhang, T; Zhang, Y, 2021)	0.82
" The aim of this study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to mechanistically describe absorption of immediate release capsule formulation of acalabrutinib in humans."	( Physiologically Based Absorption Modelling to Explore the Formulation and Gastric pH Changes on the Pharmacokinetics of Acalabrutinib. Chen, B; Pepin, X; Sharma, S; Tang, W; Zhou, D, 2023)	0.91
" Omeprazole is the most common option utilized for acid-related disorders ; however, the pharmacokinetic (PK) and dosing recommendations for the obese patient population are lacking."	( Population pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in obese and normal-weight adults. Chen, K; Deng, C; Ding, J; Lin, Y; Luo, P; Pei, Q; Yang, G; Zhu, L; Zhu, S, 2022)	1.92
" Although some studies have explored the roles of gut microbiota and host Cyp450s in drug pharmacokinetics, few have explored their effects on pharmacokinetic variability, especially in disease states."	( Gut microbiota and host Cyp450s co-contribute to pharmacokinetic variability in mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Effects vary from drug to drug. Chen, LJ; Chen, XP; Chen, Y; Guo, J; Liou, YL; Tan, ZR; Xu, Y; Zhang, SX; Zhang, W; Zhou, HH, 2022)	0.72
"In this study, we aim to investigate the effects of gut microbiota and host Cyp450s on pharmacokinetic variability in mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and to elucidate the contribution of gut microbiota and host Cyp450s to pharmacokinetic variability in this setting."	( Gut microbiota and host Cyp450s co-contribute to pharmacokinetic variability in mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Effects vary from drug to drug. Chen, LJ; Chen, XP; Chen, Y; Guo, J; Liou, YL; Tan, ZR; Xu, Y; Zhang, SX; Zhang, W; Zhou, HH, 2022)	0.72
"The pharmacokinetic variability of mice with NASH was explored under intragastric and intravenous administrations of a cocktail mixture of omeprazole, phenacetin, midazolam, tolbutamide, chlorzoxazone, and metoprolol, after which the results were compared with those obtained from the control group."	( Gut microbiota and host Cyp450s co-contribute to pharmacokinetic variability in mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Effects vary from drug to drug. Chen, LJ; Chen, XP; Chen, Y; Guo, J; Liou, YL; Tan, ZR; Xu, Y; Zhang, SX; Zhang, W; Zhou, HH, 2022)	0.92
" The pharmacokinetic variabilities of phenacetin, midazolam, omeprazole, and chlorzoxazone were mainly associated with decreased elimination activity in the gut microbiota."	( Gut microbiota and host Cyp450s co-contribute to pharmacokinetic variability in mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Effects vary from drug to drug. Chen, LJ; Chen, XP; Chen, Y; Guo, J; Liou, YL; Tan, ZR; Xu, Y; Zhang, SX; Zhang, W; Zhou, HH, 2022)	0.96
"Gut microbiota and host Cyp450s co-contribute to the pharmacokinetic variability in mice with NASH, and the degree of contribution varies from drug to drug."	( Gut microbiota and host Cyp450s co-contribute to pharmacokinetic variability in mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Effects vary from drug to drug. Chen, LJ; Chen, XP; Chen, Y; Guo, J; Liou, YL; Tan, ZR; Xu, Y; Zhang, SX; Zhang, W; Zhou, HH, 2022)	0.72
" A noncompartmental method was used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters, and 47 subjects were divided into two groups based on the calculation of the median age."	( Development of a particle swarm optimization-backpropagation artificial neural network model and effects of age and gender on pharmacokinetics study of omeprazole enteric-coated tablets in Chinese population. Chen, J; Hu, Y; Jiang, B; Lou, H; Ruan, Z; Xu, Y; Yang, D, 2022)	0.92
" This study aimed to build a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model reflecting observed changes in physiological and molecular parameters relevant to drug disposition that are associated with MAFLD."	( A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model to Predict the Impact of Metabolic Changes Associated with Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease on Drug Exposure. Newman, EM; Rowland, A, 2022)	0.72
" Pharmacokinetic characteristics of probe drugs were subsequently assessed in a Phase I, open-label, single-sequence crossover study in healthy male participants."	( Pharmacokinetic-Interactions of BI 425809, a Novel Glycine Transporter 1 Inhibitor, With Cytochrome P450 and P-Glycoprotein Substrates: Findings From In Vitro Analyses and an Open-Label, Single-Sequence Phase I Study. Chan, T; Desch, M; Hohl, K; Ishiguro, N; Keller, S; Liesenfeld, KH; Müller, F; Schlecker, C; Wind, S; Wunderlich, G, )	0.13
" With BI 425809, area under the plasma concentration curve from administration to the last measurement (AUC 0-tz ) and maximum plasma concentration ( Cmax ) for midazolam were lower than when administered alone."	( Pharmacokinetic-Interactions of BI 425809, a Novel Glycine Transporter 1 Inhibitor, With Cytochrome P450 and P-Glycoprotein Substrates: Findings From In Vitro Analyses and an Open-Label, Single-Sequence Phase I Study. Chan, T; Desch, M; Hohl, K; Ishiguro, N; Keller, S; Liesenfeld, KH; Müller, F; Schlecker, C; Wind, S; Wunderlich, G, )	0.13
"To compare intragastric rifabutin concentrations between low-dose rifabutin (50 mg three time daily; as in RHB-105) and generically dosed rifabutin 150 mg once daily, 150 mg twice daily, and 300 mg once daily using a validated Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model."	( Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling to predict intragastric rifabutin concentrations in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Almenoff, JS; Howden, CW; Offman, E; Pendse, SN; Shah, S; Sheldon, KL, 2023)	0.91
"We obtained plasma pharmacokinetic data from the RHB-105 clinical development programs and used it to develop and validate a whole-body PBPK model using PK-SIM software."	( Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling to predict intragastric rifabutin concentrations in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Almenoff, JS; Howden, CW; Offman, E; Pendse, SN; Shah, S; Sheldon, KL, 2023)	0.91
"The successful establishment of this PBPK-PD model highlights that pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of drugs can be predicted using preclinical data."	( Prediction of Omeprazole Pharmacokinetics and its Inhibition on Gastric Acid Secretion in Humans Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Model Characterizing CYP2C19 Polymorphisms. Jiang, L; Li, S; Liu, L; Liu, X; Xie, L; Yang, H; Yang, L; Yang, Y; Zhi, H, 2023)	1.27
" After cocktail alone or in combination with adavosertib administration, 24-h pharmacokinetic sampling occurred for probe substrates and their respective metabolites paraxanthine, 5-hydroxyomeprazole (5-HO), and 1'-hydroxymidazolam (1'-HM)."	( Phase I study to assess the effect of adavosertib (AZD1775) on the pharmacokinetics of substrates of CYP1A2, CYP2C19, and CYP3A in patients with advanced solid tumors. Ah-See, ML; Edenfield, WJ; Lewis, LD; Li, Y; Mugundu, GM; Nadeau, L; Någård, M; Ottesen, LH; Safran, HP; Strauss, J; Wise-Draper, T, 2023)	1.1
" We investigated potential effects of comedication on pharmacokinetic exposure of nifedipine ER products with different formulation designs and manufacturing processes."	( Effect of Omeprazole Administration on the Pharmacokinetics of Oral Extended-Release Nifedipine in Healthy Subjects. Feng, K; Kinjo, M; Lionberger, R; Sun, D; Tan, ML; Wang, H; Xu, M; Zhao, L, 2023)	1.31

Compound-Compound Interactions

Omeprazole contains a benzimidazole moiety and thus has the potential to interact with the cytochrome P-450 enzyme group. The overall effect of lansoprazole combined with antibiotics in the treatment of Hp positive gastric ulcer in the elderly is better than that of omeprazoles combined with antidepressants.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"The effect of a proton pump inhibitor, omeprazole (OPZ), in combination with mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF), on the healing of chronic gastric ulcers induced by acetic acid in submandibular glands removed rats (SMR rat) was investigated."	( [Effect of proton pump inhibitor, in combination with epidermal growth factor, on the healing of chronic gastric ulcer in submandibular gland removed rats]. Imai, S; Itoh, M; Joh, T; Takeuchi, T; Yokoyama, Y, 1992)	0.55
" Omeprazole contains a benzimidazole moiety and thus has the potential to interact with the cytochrome P-450 enzyme group."	( Clinical implications of drug interactions with the cytochrome P-450 enzyme system associated with omeprazole. Humphries, TJ, 1991)	1.41
" This suggests that further stimulation of ulcer healing may be expected if EGF is given with an acid-suppressive agent or with an agent allowing EGF to remain in rat gastric lumen at high concentrations."	( Effect of epidermal growth factor in combination with sucralfate or omeprazole on the healing of chronic gastric ulcers in the rat. Endoh, K; Imai, S; Itoh, M; Iwai, A; Joh, T; Kawai, T; Matsusako, K; Takeuchi, T; Yasue, N; Yokoyama, Y, 1990)	0.51
"To establish the efficacy of omeprazole combined with two antibiotics for Helicobacter pylori eradication and duodenal ulcer relapse."	( Efficacy of omeprazole combined with antibiotics for Helicobacter pylori eradication and duodenal ulcer recurrence. Bargiggia, S; Bianchi Porro, G; Lazzaroni, M; Maconi, G; Minguzzi, M, 1995)	0.96
"Serum gastrin levels in 44 peptic ulcer patients (26 gastric ulcer patients and 18 duodenal ulcer patients) were determined after they had been treated with omeprazole (OPZ) (20 mg/day) alone or in combination with pirenzepine (PZP) (100 mg/day)."	( Serum gastrin levels following administration of omeprazole alone or in combination with pirenzepine. Arakawa, Y; Ito, K; Iwasaki, A; Kawamura, Y; Matsuo, Y; Miyazawa, K; Sakai, Y; Tashiro, Y, 1994)	0.74
" Different mechanisms have to be considered as causes for potential drug-drug interactions."	( Lack of pantoprazole drug interactions in man. Bliesath, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Radtke, HW; Steinijans, VW; Wurst, W; Zech, K, 1994)	0.29
" A number of studies have now been undertaken using an acid inhibitor in combination with two antibiotics."	( Eradication of Helicobacter pylori: omeprazole in combination with antibiotics. Axon, AT; Moayyedi, P, 1996)	0.57
" Various mechanisms have to be considered as causes for potential drug-drug interactions."	( Lack of pantoprazole drug interactions in man: an updated review. Bliesath, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Radtke, HW; Steinijans, VW; Wurst, W; Zech, K, 1996)	0.29
" Various mechanisms have to be considered as causes for potential drug-drug interactions."	( Lack of pantoprazole drug interactions in man: an updated review. Bliesath, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Radtke, HW; Steinijans, VW; Wurst, W; Zech, K, 1996)	0.29
" In conclusion, H pylori eradication rates using high dose ranitidine plus amoxycillin and metronidazole may be similar to that of low dose omeprazole in combination with the same antibiotics for omeprazole with clarithromycin."	( Randomised controlled trial of ranitidine versus omeprazole in combination with antibiotics for eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Bamford, KB; Collins, JS; Molloy, C; Sloan, JM; Tham, TC; Watson, RG, 1996)	0.75
"An agar dilution checkerboard method was used to evaluate the in vitro activity of omeprazole combined with clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and ceftibuten, respectively, against clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori."	( In vitro activity of omeprazole in combination with several antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori. Alarcón, T; Díaz de Rojas, F; Domingo, D; López-Brea, M; Sánchez, I, 1996)	0.84
" The aim of this study was to evaluate rabeprazole in combination with antibiotics for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H."	( Safety and efficacy of rabeprazole in combination with four antibiotic regimens for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with chronic gastritis with or without peptic ulceration. Atherton, JC; Cockayne, A; Hawkey, CJ; Jenkins, D; Knifton, A; Stack, WA; Thirlwell, D, 1998)	0.3
"To evaluate the efficacy of polaprezinc, a mucosal protective agent, in combination with a 7-day triple therapy containing lansoprazole, amoxycillin and clarithromycin, as a treatment for Helicobacter pylori."	( Polaprezinc, a mucosal protective agent, in combination with lansoprazole, amoxycillin and clarithromycin increases the cure rate of Helicobacter pylori infection. Hassan, M; Ikezawa, K; Kashimura, H; Mutoh, H; Nakahara, A; Sawahata, T; Suzuki, K; Tanaka, N; Watanabe, T, 1999)	0.3
" Thus, it is important to understand the potential for clinically significant drug-drug interactions in this setting."	( Review article: drug interactions with agents used to treat acid-related diseases. Humphries, TJ; Merritt, GJ, 1999)	0.3
" This study assessed the comparative frequency of potential drug-drug interactions in patients receiving either omeprazole or lansoprazole."	( Prevalence of potential proton-pump inhibitor drug interactions: a retrospective review of prescriptions in community pharmacies. Fask, A; Saltiel, E, 1999)	0.51
"The effect of omeprazole, a clinically used proton pump inhibitor, alone or in combination with clarithromycin was evaluated against Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, using a human alveolar macrophage model of infection."	( Effect of proton pump inhibitor alone or in combination with clarithromycin on mycobacterial growth in human alveolar macrophages. Amitani, R; Matsumoto, H; Niimi, A; Suzuki, K; Tanaka, E; Tsuyuguchi, K, 2000)	0.67
" The aim of this study was to determine the optimal dose and duration of lansoprazole (LA) administration in combination with amoxicillin (AMPC) and metronidazole (MNZ)."	( Eradication of Helicobacter pylori using 30 mg or 60 mg lansoprazole combined with amoxicillin and metronidazole: one and two weeks of a new triple therapy. Asaka, M; Ishizuka, J; Kagaya, H; Katagiri, M; Kato, M; Komatsu, Y; Kudo, M; Kudo, T; Nishikawa, K; Sugiyama, T; Sukegawa, M; Takeda, H; Toyota, J, 1999)	0.3
" Time-kill curve assays of RPZ, when combined with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, or metronidazole, disclosed that synergistic effects were demonstrated in combination with each antibiotic examined."	( In vitro activities of rabeprazole, a novel proton pump inhibitor, and its thioether derivative alone and in combination with other antimicrobials against recent clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori. Akahane, T; Gotoh, A; Katsuyama, T; Kawakami, Y; Oana, K; Okabe, T; Okimura, Y; Takahashi, Y; Yamaguchi, M, 2000)	0.31
" The aim of this prospective study was to assess the efficacy of argon plasma coagulation in combination with high-dose omeprazole therapy to ablate nondysplastic Barrett's epithelium."	( Ablation of Barrett's epithelium by endoscopic argon plasma coagulation in combination with high-dose omeprazole. Antos, D; Bayerdörffer, E; Miehlke, S; Schentke, KU; Schulz, H; Stolte, M; Vieth, M, 2000)	0.73
"In 73 patients with histologically confirmed Barrett's epithelium, argon plasma coagulation was used in combination with maximal acid suppression (omeprazole 40 mg three times a day)."	( Ablation of Barrett's epithelium by endoscopic argon plasma coagulation in combination with high-dose omeprazole. Antos, D; Bayerdörffer, E; Miehlke, S; Schentke, KU; Schulz, H; Stolte, M; Vieth, M, 2000)	0.72
"In our experience, argon plasma coagulation in combination with high-dose omeprazole treatment is an effective and safe technique for complete ablation of nondysplastic Barrett's epithelium."	( Ablation of Barrett's epithelium by endoscopic argon plasma coagulation in combination with high-dose omeprazole. Antos, D; Bayerdörffer, E; Miehlke, S; Schentke, KU; Schulz, H; Stolte, M; Vieth, M, 2000)	0.75
"The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of 30 and 60 mg of lansoprazole administered in combination with two antibiotics for 7 or 10 days in eradicating Helicobacter pylori in duodenal ulcer patients."	( [Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection with lansoprazole 30 mg or 60 mg combined with two antibiotics for duodenal ulcers]. Joubert-Collin, M; Lamouliatte, H; Perie, F, 2000)	0.31
" This study is designed to determine the efficacy of omeprazole 20 mg bd in combination with amoxycillin 500 mg tid (Group A), amoxycillin 750 mg tds (Group B) and clarithromycin 500 mg tid (Group C) in Singapore."	( A randomised trial of amoxycillin versus clarithromycin in combination with omeprazole for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in Singapore. Fock, KM; Law, NM; Lim, CC; Ng, HS; Ng, TM, 2000)	0.79
" This is a multicenter trial defining the efficacy and safety of multipolar electrocoagulation combined with high-dose acid inhibition."	( Effective and safe endoscopic reversal of nondysplastic Barrett's esophagus with thermal electrocoagulation combined with high-dose acid inhibition: a multicenter study. Faigel, D; Fennerty, MB; Ippoliti, A; Lewin, K; Lieberman, D; Sampliner, RE; Weinstein, WM, 2001)	0.31
" PPIs may interact with other drugs through numerous mechanisms."	( Proton pump inhibitors and their drug interactions: an evidence-based approach. Gerson, LB; Triadafilopoulos, G, 2001)	0.31
" No studies have yet compared the effects of different dosages of clarithromycin in combination with a proton pump inhibitor and amoxicillin in elderly patients."	( Cure of Helicobacter pylori infection in elderly patients: comparison of low versus high doses of clarithromycin in combination with amoxicillin and pantoprazole. Bozzola, L; Di Mario, F; Franceschi, M; Leandro, G; Pilotto, A; Rassu, M; Soffiati, G; Valerio, G, 2001)	0.31
") in combination with pantoprazole and amoxicillin in elderly patients."	( Cure of Helicobacter pylori infection in elderly patients: comparison of low versus high doses of clarithromycin in combination with amoxicillin and pantoprazole. Bozzola, L; Di Mario, F; Franceschi, M; Leandro, G; Pilotto, A; Rassu, M; Soffiati, G; Valerio, G, 2001)	0.31
" Altered absorption or metabolism are 2 of the major mechanisms for drug-drug interactions."	( Drug interaction studies with esomeprazole, the (S)-isomer of omeprazole. Andersson, T; Hassan-Alin, M; Hasselgren, G; Röhss, K, 2001)	0.59
" pylori status on the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) events in rheumatic patients receiving longterm conventional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy combined with omeprazole."	( Influence of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy on the occurrence of gastrointestinal events in patients treated with conventional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs combined with omeprazole. Bannwarth, B; Barthelemy, P; Caekaert, A; Dorval, E, 2002)	0.7
" We determined the therapeutic effects of sofalcone and polaprezinc when combined with rabeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin for Helicobacter pylori infection."	( Sofalcone, a mucoprotective agent, increases the cure rate of Helicobacter pylori infection when combined with rabeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin. Furusu, H; Inoue, K; Isomoto, H; Kohno, S; Ohnita, K; Wen, CY, 2005)	0.33
"The addition of sofalcone, but not polaprezinc, significantly increased the cure rate of H pylori infection when combined with the rabeprazole-amoxicillin-clarithromycin regimen."	( Sofalcone, a mucoprotective agent, increases the cure rate of Helicobacter pylori infection when combined with rabeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin. Furusu, H; Inoue, K; Isomoto, H; Kohno, S; Ohnita, K; Wen, CY, 2005)	0.33
"To study the efficacy and safety of rabeprazole in peptic ulcer patients alone or combined with anti-Helicobacter pylori (Hp) agents."	( [The clinical applications of rabeprazole either alone or combined with anti-Helicobacter pylori agents in peptic ulcer patients]. Lin, SR, 2005)	0.33
"Whether labeprazole was used alone or combined with anti-Hp agents, it is an effective and safe therapy for the treatment of peptic ulcer."	( [The clinical applications of rabeprazole either alone or combined with anti-Helicobacter pylori agents in peptic ulcer patients]. Lin, SR, 2005)	0.33
" The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of proton pump inhibitors alone or in combination with H2 receptor blockers on gastric acidity with 24-hour gastric pH monitoring."	( The effect of rabeprazole alone or in combination with H2 receptor blocker on intragastric pH: a pilot study. Bektaş, M; Cetinkaya, H; Ozden, A; Soykan, I; Törüner, M, 2004)	0.32
" Although interactions based on the change of gastric pH are a group-specific effect and thus may occur with all proton pump inhibitors, individual proton pump inhibitors differ in their propensities to interact with other drugs and the extent to which their interaction profiles have been defined."	( Pharmacokinetic drug interaction profiles of proton pump inhibitors. Blume, H; Donath, F; Schug, BS; Warnke, A, 2006)	0.33
" The purpose of this study was to determine the steady-state pharmacokinetics of once-daily (qd) fosamprenavir/ritonavir (FPV/r) and atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r) alone and in combination with 20 mg qd omeprazole (OMP) in healthy volunteers."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics of once-daily fosamprenavir/ritonavir and atazanavir/ritonavir alone and in combination with 20 mg omeprazole in healthy volunteers. Brower, R; Frank, I; Kim, D; Luber, AD; Peloquin, CA; Silverman, R, 2007)	0.73
"The effects of omeprazole on indinavir when administered alone or in combination with ritonavir were evaluated."	( Effect of omeprazole on the plasma concentrations of indinavir when administered alone and in combination with ritonavir. Donovan, BJ; Hollowell, SB; Kashuba, AD; Min, SS; Raasch, RH; Rezk, NL; Rublein, JC; Smith, PC; Tallman, MN; Tappouni, HL; Theodore, D; Tien, HC, 2008)	1.1
" After seven days, the single-dose pharmacokinetic profile of an 800-mg dose of indinavir alone or in combination with 200 mg of ritonavir was evaluated."	( Effect of omeprazole on the plasma concentrations of indinavir when administered alone and in combination with ritonavir. Donovan, BJ; Hollowell, SB; Kashuba, AD; Min, SS; Raasch, RH; Rezk, NL; Rublein, JC; Smith, PC; Tallman, MN; Tappouni, HL; Theodore, D; Tien, HC, 2008)	0.75
" The addition of 200 mg of ritonavir to 800 mg of indinavir in combination with 40 mg of omeprazole significantly increased the mean indinavir AUC from 30."	( Effect of omeprazole on the plasma concentrations of indinavir when administered alone and in combination with ritonavir. Donovan, BJ; Hollowell, SB; Kashuba, AD; Min, SS; Raasch, RH; Rezk, NL; Rublein, JC; Smith, PC; Tallman, MN; Tappouni, HL; Theodore, D; Tien, HC, 2008)	0.97
" Proton pump inhibitors and H(2)-antagonists are frequently used in the HIV-negative-infected population, and drug-drug interactions have been described with other antiretrovirals."	( A pharmacokinetic study of etravirine (TMC125) co-administered with ranitidine and omeprazole in HIV-negative volunteers. Bouche, MP; De Smedt, G; Hoetelmans, RM; Kakuda, TN; Peeters, M; Schöller-Gyüre, M; Vanaken, H; Woodfall, B, 2008)	0.57
" In situations in which both clopidogrel and a PPI are indicated, pantoprazole should be used since it is the PPI least likely to interact with clopidogrel."	( Drug-drug interaction between clopidogrel and the proton pump inhibitors. Mathews, KD; Norgard, NB; Wall, GC, 2009)	0.35
"To review all currently published drug-drug interaction studies with the HIV-integrase inhibitor raltegravir."	( Drug-drug interactions with raltegravir. Burger, DM, 2009)	0.35
"A total of 14 drug-drug interaction studies were found."	( Drug-drug interactions with raltegravir. Burger, DM, 2009)	0.35
"Raltegravir is not without drug-drug interactions but due to the lack of an effect on CYP450 or UGT by raltegravir and the broad therapeutic range of raltegravir itself, this agent can safely combined with almost all tested agents."	( Drug-drug interactions with raltegravir. Burger, DM, 2009)	0.35
"To study the efficacy and side effects of furazolidone when given for 1 week in combination with bismuth subcitrate, amoxicillin, and omeprazole."	( Short-duration furazolidone therapy in combination with amoxicillin, bismuth subcitrate, and omeprazole for eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Hasan, SR; Reza, PM; Roham, SR; Vahid, V, )	0.55
"One week of furazolidone in combination with 2 weeks of amoxicillin, omeprazole, and bismuth subcitrate is a safe and cost-effective regimen for the eradication of H pylori."	( Short-duration furazolidone therapy in combination with amoxicillin, bismuth subcitrate, and omeprazole for eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Hasan, SR; Reza, PM; Roham, SR; Vahid, V, )	0.59
" The method is simple, rapid and rugged, and has been applied successfully to sample analysis in support of a drug-drug interaction study."	( Simultaneous determination of tolbutamide, omeprazole, midazolam and dextromethorphan in human plasma by LC-MS/MS--a high throughput approach to evaluate drug-drug interactions. Bertelsen, K; Guo, P; Han, F; Huang, MQ; Lin, ZJ; Weng, N; Zhang, W; Zhao, H, 2010)	0.62
" Neither were there significant differences in the absolute nadir and percentage decrease of WBC and ANC, nor on the incidence and severity of neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting when irinotecan was combined with omeprazole."	( Effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics and toxicities of irinotecan in cancer patients: a prospective cross-over drug-drug interaction study. de Bruijn, P; de Jong, FA; Konings, IR; Lam, MH; Loos, WJ; Mathijssen, RH; van der Bol, JM; van Meerten, E; Verweij, J; Wiemer, EA, 2011)	0.95
" In this article, the authors review the current studies that reported a possible drug-drug interaction between clopidogrel and PPIs, particularly omeprazole."	( Clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors: is there a significant drug-drug interaction? Azab, AN; Friger, M; Gilutz, H; Shmulevich, E, 2011)	0.57
"The hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) influence the pharmacokinetics of several drug classes and are involved in many clinical drug-drug interactions."	( Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions. Artursson, P; Haglund, U; Karlgren, M; Kimoto, E; Lai, Y; Norinder, U; Vildhede, A; Wisniewski, JR, 2012)	0.38
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of metabolites to drug-drug interactions (DDI) using the inhibition of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 by omeprazole and its metabolites as a model."	( Inhibition of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 by omeprazole metabolites and their contribution to drug-drug interactions. Davis, C; Isoherranen, N; Lutz, JD; Sager, JE; Shirasaka, Y, 2013)	0.86
"The identification and quantification of potential drug-drug interactions is important for avoiding or minimizing the interaction-induced adverse events associated with specific drug combinations."	( Pharmacokinetic drug interactions involving vortioxetine (Lu AA21004), a multimodal antidepressant. Buchbjerg, JK; Chen, G; Højer, AM; Lee, R; Serenko, M; Zhao, Z, 2013)	0.39
" This observed discrepancy between in vitro risk assessment and in vivo drug-drug interaction (DDI) profile was rationalized by time-varying dynamic pharmacokinetic models that incorporated circulating concentrations of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine enantiomers, mutual inhibitor-inhibitor interactions, and CYP3A4 induction."	( Fluoxetine- and norfluoxetine-mediated complex drug-drug interactions: in vitro to in vivo correlation of effects on CYP2D6, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4. Davis, C; Foti, RS; Isoherranen, N; Kunze, KL; Lutz, JD; Sager, JE, 2014)	0.4
"To evaluate the clinical effect of proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy combined with Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection among children in terms of Hp eradication rate and incidence of adverse events."	( [Clinical effect of triple therapy combined with Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in children]. Chen, ZY; Duan, BP; Ou-Yang, HJ; Tang, J; Xu, B; You, JY; Zhao, HM, 2014)	0.4
"Triple therapy combined with Saccharomyces boulardii cannot significantly increase Hp eradication rate, but can significantly reduce the incidence of stomatitis, constipation, and diarrhea during treatment."	( [Clinical effect of triple therapy combined with Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in children]. Chen, ZY; Duan, BP; Ou-Yang, HJ; Tang, J; Xu, B; You, JY; Zhao, HM, 2014)	0.4
" Therefore, the potential pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions between sucroferric oxyhydroxide and selected drugs commonly taken by dialysis patients were investigated."	( Drug-drug interactions between sucroferric oxyhydroxide and losartan, furosemide, omeprazole, digoxin and warfarin in healthy subjects. Chong, E; Kalia, V; Willsie, S; Winkle, P, 2014)	0.63
"Systemic exposure based on AUC0-∞ for all drugs, and AUC0-24 for all drugs except omeprazole (for which AUC 0-8 h was measured), was unaffected to a clinically significant extent by the presence of sucroferric oxyhydroxide, irrespective of whether sucroferric oxyhydroxide was administered with the drug or 2 h earlier."	( Drug-drug interactions between sucroferric oxyhydroxide and losartan, furosemide, omeprazole, digoxin and warfarin in healthy subjects. Chong, E; Kalia, V; Willsie, S; Winkle, P, 2014)	0.85
"There is a low risk of drug-drug interactions between sucroferric oxyhydroxide and losartan, furosemide, digoxin and warfarin."	( Drug-drug interactions between sucroferric oxyhydroxide and losartan, furosemide, omeprazole, digoxin and warfarin in healthy subjects. Chong, E; Kalia, V; Willsie, S; Winkle, P, 2014)	0.63
"To evaluate felodipine as a potential perpetrator of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (PK-DDIs) involving cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and P-glycoprotein (P-gp)."	( Evaluation of felodipine as a potential perpetrator of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions. Doogue, MP; Miners, JO; Polasek, TM; Rowland, A; Snyder, BD, 2014)	0.4
"To quantify the drug-drug interactions between dabigatran etexilate (DE) and proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and in particular the role of P-gp activity modulation."	( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of drug-drug interaction between dabigatran and proton pump inhibitors. Accassat, S; Basset, T; Bertoletti, L; Delavenne, X; Hodin, S; Mismetti, P; Ollier, E, 2015)	0.42
"Many systematic reviews resulted in claims on drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)."	( Adverse drug reactions due to drug-drug interactions with proton pump inhibitors: assessment of systematic reviews with AMSTAR method. Okuyan, B; Sancar, M; Yucel, A; Yucel, E, 2016)	0.43
" To further validate this cocktail, in this study, we have verified whether probe drugs contained in the latter cause mutual drug-drug interactions."	( Evaluation of Mutual Drug-Drug Interaction within Geneva Cocktail for Cytochrome P450 Phenotyping using Innovative Dried Blood Sampling Method. Bosilkovska, M; Daali, Y; Déglon, J; Desmeules, J; Samer, C; Thomas, A; Walder, B, 2016)	0.43
" Here, we assessed the potential for pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction of LCZ696 (400 mg, single dose or once daily [q."	( Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction assessment of LCZ696 (an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor) with omeprazole, metformin or levonorgestrel-ethinyl estradiol in healthy subjects. Akahori, M; Dahlke, M; Gan, L; Jiang, X; Langenickel, T; Mendonza, A; Neelakantham, S; Nguyen, J; Pal, P; Rajman, I; Rebello, S; Reynolds, C; Sunkara, G; Swan, T; Zhou, W, 2016)	0.65
" Drug-drug interactions between 2D (ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir) or 3D (ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir) regimens and omeprazole, a CYP2C19 substrate and acid-reducing agent, were evaluated in 24 healthy volunteers."	( Drug-Drug Interaction of Omeprazole With the HCV Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents Paritaprevir/Ritonavir and Ombitasvir With and Without Dasabuvir. Awni, WM; Dutta, S; Hu, B; Menon, RM; Podsadecki, TJ; Polepally, AR, 2016)	0.94
"The efficacy and safety of polaprezinc combined with triple therapy was compared with triple therapy alone in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori."	( Polaprezinc combined with clarithromycin-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis: A prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial. Fang, JY; Ji, F; Li, JS; Li, YQ; Luo, HQ; Luo, HS; Lv, NH; Qian, JM; Ren, JL; Shi, RH; Tan, B; Xu, H; Zou, YY, 2017)	0.46
"A microdose drug-drug interaction (DDI) study may be a valuable tool for anticipating drug interaction at therapeutic doses."	( Drug-drug interaction of microdose and regular-dose omeprazole with a CYP2C19 inhibitor and inducer. Bae, SH; Han, S; Park, GJ; Park, MH; Park, WS; Shin, SH; Shin, YG; Yim, DS, 2017)	0.71
" Triple therapy group in combination with Curcumin significantly decreased all active, chronic and endoscopic inflammation scores of patients compared to the baseline and triple therapy group (P<0."	( CURCUMIN IN COMBINATION WITH TRIPLE THERAPY REGIMES AMELIORATES OXIDATIVE STRESS AND HISTOPATHOLOGIC CHANGES IN CHRONIC GASTRITIS-ASSOCIATED HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION. Asadollahi, K; Feizi, J; Hafezi Ahmadi, MR; Judaki, A; Rahmani, A, )	0.13
"This phase 1, open-label, crossover study sought to evaluate drug-drug interactions between tivantinib and cytochrome P450 (CYP) substrates and tivantinib and P-glycoprotein."	( Evaluation of the pharmacokinetic drug interaction potential of tivantinib (ARQ 197) using cocktail probes in patients with advanced solid tumours. Gajee, R; Papadopoulos, KP; Puzanov, I; Strickler, JH; Tachibana, M; Wang, Y; Zahir, H, 2018)	0.48
"The data suggest that tivantinib 360 mg twice daily has either a minimal or no effect on the pharmacokinetics of probe drugs for CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 substrates, and decreases the systemic exposure of P-glycoprotein substrates when administered with tivantinib."	( Evaluation of the pharmacokinetic drug interaction potential of tivantinib (ARQ 197) using cocktail probes in patients with advanced solid tumours. Gajee, R; Papadopoulos, KP; Puzanov, I; Strickler, JH; Tachibana, M; Wang, Y; Zahir, H, 2018)	0.48
"Polypharmacy increases the risk of drug-drug interactions (DDIs)."	( Translational High-Dimensional Drug Interaction Discovery and Validation Using Health Record Databases and Pharmacokinetics Models. Chiang, CW; Li, L; Ning, X; Quinney, SK; Shen, L; Wang, L; Wang, X; Zhang, P; Zhang, S, 2018)	0.48
"We aimed to develop a mathematical model describing a drug-drug interaction between clopidogrel and omeprazole in humans."	( A pharmacokinetic model of drug-drug interaction between clopidogrel and omeprazole at CYP2C19 in humans. Lohitnavy, M; Lohitnavy, O; Morasuk, T; Tangamornsuksan, W; Thiansupornpong, P, 2017)	0.9
"To evaluate the capacity for modafinil to be a perpetrator of metabolic drug-drug interactions by altering cytochrome P450 activity following a single dose and dosing to steady state."	( Evaluation of modafinil as a perpetrator of metabolic drug-drug interactions using a model informed cocktail reaction phenotyping trial protocol. Mangoni, AA; Rowland, A; Sorich, MJ; van Dyk, M; Warncken, D, 2018)	0.48
"These data support consideration of the risk of clinically relevant metabolic drug-drug interactions perpetrated by modafinil when this drug is co-administered with drugs that are primarily cleared by CYP2C19 (single modafinil dose or steady state modafinil dosing) or CYP3A4 (steady state modafinil dosing only) catalysed metabolic pathways."	( Evaluation of modafinil as a perpetrator of metabolic drug-drug interactions using a model informed cocktail reaction phenotyping trial protocol. Mangoni, AA; Rowland, A; Sorich, MJ; van Dyk, M; Warncken, D, 2018)	0.48
"To assess the efficacy and safety of omeprazole given with the new single capsule of bismuth, metronidazole and tetracycline (OBMT) compared with quadruple treatment consisting of omeprazole, bismuth, amoxicillin and clarithromycin (OBAC) for Helicobacter pylori eradication in duodenal ulcer patients."	( New single capsule of bismuth, metronidazole and tetracycline given with omeprazole versus quadruple therapy consisting of bismuth, omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in duodenal ulcer patients: a Chinese pro Chen, Y; Du, Y; Li, Y; Liu, D; Lv, N; Pan, X; Wang, H; Wang, J; Wu, K; Xie, Y; Xu, J; Zeng, Z; Zhang, G, 2018)	0.99
" This study confirmed that the Inje cocktail approach was able to detect relevant drug-drug interactions impacting further development of ASP8477 and future therapeutic use."	( A Cocktail Interaction Study Evaluating the Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of the Perpetrator Drug ASP8477 at Multiple Ascending Dose Levels. Collins, C; Ernault, E; Fuhr, R; Gangaram-Panday, S; Passier, P; Treijtel, N; van Bruijnsvoort, M, 2019)	0.51
"This study aimed to investigate the effect of ticagrelor combined with omeprazole on patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)."	( Effects (MACE and bleeding events) of ticagrelor combined with omeprazole on patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary PCI. Hou, Y; Liu, F; Su, S; Wang, Z; Wu, F; Zhang, F; Zhang, L; Zhao, L, )	0.6
"Cytochrome P450 (CYP) downregulation is a mechanism of drug-drug interaction encountered in pharmaceutical development which is difficult to evaluate in vitro because of the scarcity of evidence."	( CYP1A2 Downregulation by Obeticholic Acid: Usefulness as a Positive Control for the In Vitro Evaluation of Drug-Drug Interactions. Ishida, C; Kotake, Y; Sanoh, S, 2019)	0.51
" The probe cocktail was generally well-tolerated when administered in combination with guselkumab in patients with psoriasis."	( Evaluating Potential Disease-Mediated Protein-Drug Interactions in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis Receiving Subcutaneous Guselkumab. Chen, D; Piantone, A; Sharma, A; Shu, C; Xu, Y; Xu, Z; Zhou, H; Zhu, Y; Zhuang, Y, 2020)	0.56
"In the present study the electrochemical system based on recombinant cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) was used for the investigation of potential drug-drug interaction between medicinal preparations employed for Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy."	( [Modeling of drug-drug interactions between omeprazole and erythromycin with cytochrome P450 3A4 in vitro assay]. Bulko, TV; Dmitriev, AV; Filimonov, DA; Gilep, AA; Koroleva, PI; Kuzikov, AV; Makhova, AA; Masamrekh, RA; Rikova, SM; Shich, EV; Shumyantseva, VV; Zaviyalova, MG, 2020)	0.82
" Previous studies have demonstrated that drug-drug interaction (DDI) existed between omeprazole and nifedipine with significantly increased systemic exposure of nifedipine in subjects after pre-treatment for 7 days with omeprazole compared to the subjects without omeprazole treatment."	( Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach to Identify the Drug-Drug Interaction Mechanism of Nifedipine and a Proton Pump Inhibitor, Omeprazole. Babiskin, A; Le Merdy, M; Lee, SC; Ni, Z; Sun, D; Tan, ML; Zhao, L, 2021)	1.05
" The validity of a cocktail study for use as a quantitative drug-drug interactions (DDIs) assessment was evaluated."	( Verification of a cocktail approach for quantitative drug-drug interaction assessment: a comparative analysis between the results of a single drug and a cocktail drug. Hakamata, A; Inui, N; Kamiya, C; Katayama, N; Kawakami, J; Miura, M; Namiki, N; Odagiri, K; Tanaka, S; Uchida, S; Watanabe, H, 2021)	0.62
" The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine combined with omeprazole for GU."	( Effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine combined with omeprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Liu, L; Wei, M; Xie, C; Zhu, S, 2021)	1.08
"The efficacy and safety of Chinese medicine combined with omeprazole for the treatment of GU will be evaluated, and the conclusion will be published to provide medical evidence for a better clinical decision of patients with GU."	( Effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine combined with omeprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Liu, L; Wei, M; Xie, C; Zhu, S, 2021)	1.11
" RNAi therapeutics, such as givosiran, have a low liability for drug-drug interactions (DDIs) because they are not metabolized by cytochrome 450 (CYP) enzymes, and do not directly inhibit or induce CYP enzymes in the liver."	( A Drug-Drug Interaction Study Evaluating the Effect of Givosiran, a Small Interfering Ribonucleic Acid, on Cytochrome P450 Activity in the Liver. Agarwal, S; Clausen, VA; Harper, P; Najafian, N; Robbie, GJ; Sardh, E; Simon, AR; Vassiliou, D, 2021)	0.62
"The aim of this work is the development of a mechanistic physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model using in vitro to in vivo extrapolation to conduct a drug-drug interaction (DDI) assessment of treosulfan against two cytochrome p450 (CYP) isoenzymes and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates."	( Evaluation of the drug-drug interaction potential of treosulfan using a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling approach. Balazki, P; Baumgart, J; Beelen, DW; Böhm, S; Hemmelmann, C; Hilger, RA; Martins, FS; Ring, A; Schaller, S, 2022)	0.72
"To date, guidelines on the impact and value of atropine combined with omeprazole in the treatment of acute gastritis have not been well established or well defined."	( The clinical efficacy and safety of atropine combined with omeprazole in the treatment of patients with acute gastritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chen, H; Lin, X; Lin, YN, 2021)	1.1
" Atropine combined with omeprazole significantly alleviated the clinical symptoms of the patients."	( The clinical efficacy and safety of atropine combined with omeprazole in the treatment of patients with acute gastritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chen, H; Lin, X; Lin, YN, 2021)	1.17
"Xenobiotics can interact with cytochromes P450 (CYPs), resulting in drug-drug interactions, but CYPs can also contribute to drug-disease interactions, especially in the case of inflammation, which downregulates CYP activities through pretranscriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms."	( Prediction of cytochromes P450 3A and 2C19 modulation by both inflammation and drug interactions using physiologically based pharmacokinetics. Daali, Y; Desmeules, JA; Lenoir, C; Niederer, A; Rollason, V; Samer, CF, 2022)	0.72
" A comparative pharmacokinetics study of three LTD tablets with different dissolution rates was conducted in male beagles in fasting state and an omeprazole-induced drug-drug interaction (DDI) study was subsequently performed under pretreatment of omeprazole."	( Simultaneous Determination of Loratadine and Its Metabolite Desloratadine in Beagle Plasma by LC-MS/MS and Application for Pharmacokinetics Study of Loratadine Tablets and Omeprazole‑Induced Drug-Drug Interaction. Li, X; Wang, W; Wang, Y; Wu, W; Xu, Q; Zhang, J; Zhang, T; Zhang, Y, 2021)	1.02
" Moreover, significant changes in LTD and DL pharmacokinetics parameters were observed under the effect of omeprazole-induced pH increase in gastrointestinal tract, suggesting that DDI effects are of concern for the curative effect of LTD when combined with omeprazole."	( Simultaneous Determination of Loratadine and Its Metabolite Desloratadine in Beagle Plasma by LC-MS/MS and Application for Pharmacokinetics Study of Loratadine Tablets and Omeprazole‑Induced Drug-Drug Interaction. Li, X; Wang, W; Wang, Y; Wu, W; Xu, Q; Zhang, J; Zhang, T; Zhang, Y, 2021)	1.03
" To investigate the drug-drug interaction mechanism between CDK inhibitors and proton pump inhibitors, the in-silico docking approach was designed by applying computer simulation modules to predict the binding and inhibitory potential."	( Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 Enzyme and Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Acid Reducing Agents Used in Management of CDK Inhibitors for Breast Cancer Chemotherapy. Birangal, S; Farooqui, J; Fatima, F; Jagadish, PC; Patil, PH; Pinjari, J; Rao, M; Rastogi, H; Sharma, T; Shenoy, GG, 2022)	0.72
"Proton pump inhibitors alter the conformation of the CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 enzymes and interact with the heme prosthetic group, as determined by docking studies."	( Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 Enzyme and Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Acid Reducing Agents Used in Management of CDK Inhibitors for Breast Cancer Chemotherapy. Birangal, S; Farooqui, J; Fatima, F; Jagadish, PC; Patil, PH; Pinjari, J; Rao, M; Rastogi, H; Sharma, T; Shenoy, GG, 2022)	0.72
"Using dynamic models, we determined that proton pump inhibitors such as rabeprazole and omeprazole indeed have the potential to cause clinically significant drug-drug interactions with CDK inhibitors in the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER) positive and HER2-positive breast cancer."	( Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 Enzyme and Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Acid Reducing Agents Used in Management of CDK Inhibitors for Breast Cancer Chemotherapy. Birangal, S; Farooqui, J; Fatima, F; Jagadish, PC; Patil, PH; Pinjari, J; Rao, M; Rastogi, H; Sharma, T; Shenoy, GG, 2022)	0.94
" As such, this 2-part clinical drug-drug interaction study was conducted to assess the effect of itraconazole (a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor), rifampicin (a strong CYP3A4 inducer), rabeprazole, and omeprazole (both proton pump inhibitors) on the pharmacokinetics of belumosudil."	( A Phase 1 Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Study of Belumosudil Coadministered With CYP3A4 Inhibitors and Inducers and Proton Pump Inhibitors. Alabanza, A; Lohmer, L; Patel, J; Schueller, O; Singh, N; Willson, A, 2022)	0.91
" Numerous drug-drug interactions have been described with PPIs, but all the described interactions do not have clinical significance."	( An update on drug-drug interactions associated with proton pump inhibitors. Bardou, M; Ben Ghezala, I; Luu, M, 2022)	0.72
"This review will discuss the latest updates on drug-drug interactions with PPIs, focusing on the last 10-year publications in the following areas: anti-infective agents, anticancer drugs, antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants, and antidiabetics."	( An update on drug-drug interactions associated with proton pump inhibitors. Bardou, M; Ben Ghezala, I; Luu, M, 2022)	0.72
"To evaluate the potential gastric pH-dependent drug-drug interaction (DDI), safety and tolerability of famitinib co-administered with omeprazole in healthy subjects."	( Phase I study to evaluate of the gastric pH-dependent drug interaction between famitinib and the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole in healthy subjects. Cai, M; Dou, T; Hu, L; Qian, W; Sun, Q; Tang, L; Wang, H, 2022)	1.13
"In this study, the drug-drug interaction potential of vatiquinone with cytochrome P450 (CYP) substrates was investigated in both in vitro and clinical studies."	( Evaluation of vatiquinone drug-drug interaction potential in vitro and in a phase 1 clinical study with tolbutamide, a CYP2C9 substrate, and omeprazole, a CYP2C19 substrate, in healthy subjects. Barrett, R; Lee, L; Ma, J; Murase, K; Thoolen, M, 2022)	0.92
" In an open-label, drug-drug interaction study in 18 healthy human subjects, a single oral dose of 500 mg tolbutamide and 40 mg omeprazole was administered on day 1, followed by a washout of 7 days."	( Evaluation of vatiquinone drug-drug interaction potential in vitro and in a phase 1 clinical study with tolbutamide, a CYP2C9 substrate, and omeprazole, a CYP2C19 substrate, in healthy subjects. Barrett, R; Lee, L; Ma, J; Murase, K; Thoolen, M, 2022)	1.13
"To observe the effect of lansoprazole and omeprazole combined with antibiotics on gastric juice pH and inflammatory factors in elderly patients with Hp positive gastric ulcer."	( Effects of lansoprazole and omeprazole Combined With Antimicrobial Agents on Gastric Juice pH and Inflammatory Factors in Elderly Patients With Hp Positive Gastric Ulcer. Chen, B; Gao, N; Yan, S, 2023)	1.47
"The control group was treated with omeprazole combined with antibiotics, and the observation group was treated with lansoprazole combined with antibiotics."	( Effects of lansoprazole and omeprazole Combined With Antimicrobial Agents on Gastric Juice pH and Inflammatory Factors in Elderly Patients With Hp Positive Gastric Ulcer. Chen, B; Gao, N; Yan, S, 2023)	1.48
"The overall effect of lansoprazole combined with antibiotics in the treatment of Hp positive gastric ulcer in the elderly is better than that of omeprazole combined with antibiotics."	( Effects of lansoprazole and omeprazole Combined With Antimicrobial Agents on Gastric Juice pH and Inflammatory Factors in Elderly Patients With Hp Positive Gastric Ulcer. Chen, B; Gao, N; Yan, S, 2023)	1.4
" Whether used alone or combined with omeprazole (OME), it shows a significant effect."	( Weikangling capsules combined with omeprazole ameliorates ethanol-induced chronic gastritis by regulating gut microbiota and EGF-EGFR-ERK pathway. Li, X; Liu, F; Nong, X; Qu, W, 2023)	1.46
" Then chronic gastritis model rats were induced by 56 % ethanol and treated with OME, low dose of WKLCs (WKL), high dose of WKLCs (WKH), WKLCs combined with OME (WO), and EA fraction (EA) to evaluate the mechanisms of WKLCs, drug combination and EA fraction."	( Weikangling capsules combined with omeprazole ameliorates ethanol-induced chronic gastritis by regulating gut microbiota and EGF-EGFR-ERK pathway. Li, X; Liu, F; Nong, X; Qu, W, 2023)	1.19
"This study elucidated that the effect of WKLCs and its combination with OME in the treatment of chronic gastritis was attributed to regulating the composition of the gut microbiota and inhibiting the EGF-EGFR-ERK pathway."	( Weikangling capsules combined with omeprazole ameliorates ethanol-induced chronic gastritis by regulating gut microbiota and EGF-EGFR-ERK pathway. Li, X; Liu, F; Nong, X; Qu, W, 2023)	1.19
" The in vitro efficacy of OME alone and in combination with other antifungal compounds was evaluated for all isolates using the BM chequerboard method."	( In vitro effects of omeprazole in combination with antifungal compounds against Malassezia pachydermatis. Bae, S; Shin, J, 2023)	1.23

Bioavailability

Omeprazole treatment did not influence the bioavailability from uncoated acetylsalicylic acid tablets but the absorption rate of salicylate from enteric-coated tablets was increased significantly. Mean (+/- SEM) bioavailability of oral omeprazoles for all patients was 68% +/- 16%.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" This effect may result from enhancement of antibiotic bioavailability and optimizing host defense mechanisms."	( Progress with proton pump inhibition. Bell, NJ; Hunt, RH, )	0.13
" A limited prevalence of hepatotoxic effects is reported by some authors (transitory rise in serum aminotransferase level) and it may be prescribed in patients with chronic liver disease although slower metabolism and greater bioavailability are observed."	( [Omeprazole and liver functions]. Sauvet, P; Schouler, L, )	1.04
" This was reflected in an increase in bioavailability from 56 to 76%, a reduction in mean systemic clearance by approximately 50% (0."	( Pharmacokinetic study of omeprazole in elderly healthy volunteers. Andersson, T; Landahl, S; Larsson, M; Lernfeldt, B; Lundborg, P; Regårdh, CG; Sixt, E; Skånberg, I, 1992)	0.59
" Lansoprazole bioavailability demonstrated a circadian effect manifested by higher plasma concentrations following morning dosing."	( The effects of lansoprazole, a new H+,K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, on gastric pH and serum gastrin. Greski, PA; Hoyos, PA; Jennings, DE; Page, JG; Sanders, SW; Tolman, KG, 1992)	0.28
" Measurement of serum concentrations of 1 mg/kg saviprazole after intravenous or intraduodenal administration revealed a bioavailability of about 60% in dogs."	( Gastric acid inhibitory profile of saviprazole (HOE 731) compared to omeprazole. Bickel, M; Herling, AW; Lang, HJ; Rippel, R; Scheunemann, KH; Scholl, T; Weidmann, K, 1991)	0.52
" Omeprazole, and presumably other gastric-acid inhibitors, may increase the bioavailability of unchanged digoxin."	( Influence of gastric acidity on the bioavailability of digoxin. Cohen, AF; Hoogkamer, H; Kroon, R; Schoemaker, R; van Vliet, A, 1991)	1.19
" Mean (+/- SEM) bioavailability of oral omeprazole for all patients was 68% +/- 16%, which was similar to the bioavailability reported previously for normal subjects."	( Pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous omeprazole in patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Amantea, MA; Frucht, H; Gardner, JD; Jensen, RT; Maton, PN; Vinayek, R, 1991)	0.81
" This study investigated the mechanism of the increase in oral bioavailability of omeprazole during repeated oral dosing."	( Oral bioavailability of omeprazole before and after chronic therapy in patients with duodenal ulcer. Angus, PW; Ching, MS; Devenish-Meares, S; Mihaly, GW; Morgan, DJ; Smallwood, RA; Yeomans, ND, 1991)	0.81
" Bioavailability appears to be dose-dependent, with more drug being absorbed with increasing dosage as well as after repeated dosing."	( Omeprazole: a novel antisecretory agent for the treatment of acid-peptic disorders. Dukes, GE; Hak, LJ; Lampkin, TA; Ouellet, D, 1990)	1.72
" The slight dose-dependency of the bioavailability of the solution is considered to be of no or limited clinical relevance."	( Pharmacokinetics of various single intravenous and oral doses of omeprazole. Andersson, T; Cederberg, C; Regårdh, CG; Skånberg, I, 1990)	0.52
" The median bioavailability was 39% (25-117%) and the median systemic plasma clearance was 624 ml/min (range of 59-828 ml/min)."	( The pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in humans--a study of single intravenous and oral doses. Andersson, T; Lagerström, PO; Lundborg, P; Regårdh, CG; Skånberg, I, 1990)	0.59
" Bioavailability after a single dose is 35% and increases during repeated once-daily dosing to 60%."	( Omeprazole: pharmacokinetics and metabolism in man. Andersson, T; Cederberg, C; Skånberg, I, 1989)	1.72
" The pharmacokinetic profile of omeprazole is rather complicated, showing concentration-dependent elimination kinetics and an oral bioavailability which increases with the dose and during repeated administration."	( Omeprazole: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and interactions. Jonkman, JH; Oosterhuis, B, 1989)	2
" Hypoacidity as such does not reduce the bioavailability of amoxycillin or bacampicillin."	( No effect of omeprazole-induced hypoacidity on the bioavailability of amoxycillin or bacampicillin. Höglund, P; Paulsen, O; Walder, M, 1989)	0.65
" A water suspension of omeprazole was tested in a pilot bioavailability study."	( Development of an oral formulation of omeprazole. Cederberg, C; Pilbrant, A, 1985)	0.85
" The bioavailability (AUC0-2 h) of omeprazole in all patients was greater than that required for total suppression of acid secretion."	( The effect of omeprazole on gastric emptying in patients with duodenal ulcer disease. Buckle, PJ; Chatterton, BE; Hetzel, DJ; Horowitz, M; Shearman, DJ, 1984)	0.91
" Measurement of the plasma concentration of unchanged omeprazole revealed an intraduodenal bioavailability of approximately 70% whereas the oral bioavailability was only approximately 15%."	( Inhibition of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole in the dog and rat. Carlsson, E; Junggren, U; Larsson, H; Olbe, L; Sjöstrand, SE; Skånberg, I; Sundell, G, 1983)	0.78
"A single-dose, open-label, randomized, fasting, two-period, crossover bioavailability study was conducted in 24 healthy adult men to assess an alternative method of administration of lansoprazole capsules."	( Lansoprazole: an alternative method of administration of a capsule dosage formulation. Cavanaugh, JH; Chun, AH; Eason, CJ; Shi, HH, )	0.13
" Second, the effect of magnesium/aluminium hydroxide on the relative bioavailability of nizatidine, famotidine, cimetidine and ranitidine was evaluated in healthy volunteers."	( Drug interactions of H2-receptor antagonists. Bachmann, KA; Jauregui, L; Levine, L; Miller, K; Reese, J; Sullivan, TJ, 1994)	0.29
"The effect of increased gastric pH (obtained by pre-treatment with omeprazole) on the bioavailability of doxycycline monohydrate and doxycycline carrageenate has been investigated in 24 healthy volunteers, using an open, randomised, four-treatment, four-period, cross-over, 2 x 2 factorial design."	( Doxycycline carrageenate--an improved formulation providing more reliable absorption and plasma concentrations at high gastric pH than doxycycline monohydrate. Eckernäs, SA; Grahnén, A; Johansson, G; Olsson, B, 1994)	0.52
" Food intake did not significantly influence the bioavailability of CdA (42% after food intake vs 46% while fasting) but it did reduce the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) by 40%; 83 compared to 116 nM while fasting."	( On the bioavailability of 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (CdA). The influence of food and omeprazole. Albertioni, F; Juliusson, G; Liliemark, J, 1993)	0.51
"The enteral bioavailability of magnesium firmly bound to a fire-proof, inert SiO2-Al2O3 matrix (ground magnesia boats) was studied in magnesium-deficient albino Sprague-Dawley rats, with and without blocking gastric hydrochloric acid secretion with omeprazole."	( Erythema formation in magnesium-deficient albino rats. A non-invasive model for the screening of anti-inflammatory agents and oral mineral supplements. Abele, C; Classen, CU; Classen, HG; Friedberg, KD; Haubold, W; Schimatschek, HF, 1993)	0.47
" Pantoprazole was well absorbed following oral administration; the absolute systemic bioavailability of the compound was estimated as 77% (95% CI, 67 to 89%)."	( Pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole following single intravenous and oral administration to healthy male subjects. de Mey, C; Laroche, J; Meineke, I; Pue, MA, 1993)	0.29
"A comparative bioavailability study was carried out on two enteric-coated capsules (20 mg each) of omeprazole (omeprazole, Alembic: "A" and Losec, Astra, England: "B")."	( Comparative bioavailability of two enteric-coated capsules of omeprazole in healthy volunteers. Chugh, Y; Garg, SK; Kumar, N; Sharma, PL; Tripathi, SK, 1993)	0.74
" Pantoprazole formulated in an enteric-coated tablet displays high bioavailability and linear pharmacokinetics whether on single or multiple dose regimens."	( Review article: the continuing development of proton pump inhibitors with particular reference to pantoprazole. Huber, R; Kohl, B; Sachs, G; Senn-Bilfinger, J; Simon, WA; Sturm, E, 1995)	0.29
"We compared the bioavailability and the efficacy of omeprazole provided either as encapsulated enteric-coated granules or as enteric-coated granules delivered via a nasogastric tube in 10 healthy subjects."	( Bioavailability and efficacy of omeprazole given orally and by nasogastric tube. Cavuto, NJ; Flockhart, DA; Larson, C; Weinberg, RB, 1996)	0.83
" Its absolute bioavailability is 77% and does not change upon multiple dosing."	( Pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole in man. Bliesath, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Lühmann, R; Steinijans, VW; Zech, K, 1996)	0.29
" The bioavailability of lansoprazole is 85%; that of omeprazole is 54%."	( Lansoprazole and omeprazole in the treatment of acid peptic disorders. Blum, RA, 1996)	0.88
" Limited information exists about intragastric pH and bioavailability of amoxycillin during combination therapy."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between omeprazole and amoxycillin in Helicobacter pylori-positive healthy subjects. Braun, M; Idström, JP; Londong, W; Pommerien, W; Wrangstadh, M, 1996)	0.54
" Its absolute bioavailability is 77% and does not change upon multiple dosing."	( Pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole in man. Bliesath, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Lühmann, R; Steinijans, VW; Zech, K, 1996)	0.29
"min-1, and the absolute bioavailability was 91% for the 30-mg and 81% for the 15-mg enteric-coated formulation."	( Pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of lansoprazole. Barth, H; Gerloff, J; Heintze, K; Mignot, A, 1996)	0.29
" The relationship between drug effect and the systemic bioavailability of methadone, measured as the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-180), was also evaluated."	( The effect of changes in gastric pH induced by omeprazole on the absorption and respiratory depression of methadone. Aguirre, C; Calvo, R; de Castro, J; Garrido, MJ; Gómez, E; Rodríguez-Sasiaín, JM, 1996)	0.55
" The primary pharmacokinetic characteristics for extent and rate of absorption were AUC(0-24h) and % PTF, respectively."	( Pantoprazole has no influence on steady state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of metoprolol in healthy volunteers. Bliesath, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Koch, HJ; Mascher, H; Steinijans, VW; Wurst, W, 1996)	0.29
"The bioavailability of a single dose of a potassium diclofenac (KDIC) suspension (Flogan, Merck, 7ml, 105 mg) was studied in 13 healthy male volunteers in the fasting state (placebo phase, PLA), after gastric acid secretion blockade (subacute pretreatment with omeprazole, OME phase) and after food intake (FOOD phase)."	( Influence of gastric acid secretion blockade and food intake on the bioavailability of a potassium diclofenac suspension in healthy male volunteers. De Nucci, G; Dias, HB; Moreno, H; Moreno, RA; Muscara, MN; Poli, A; Ribeiro, W, 1996)	0.47
"A single-dose, open-label, randomized, crossover bioavailability study was conducted in 24 healthy adult male volunteers to assess an alternative method of administration of lansoprazole capsules."	( Lansoprazole: administration of the contents of a capsule dosage formulation through a nasogastric tube. Achari, R; Cavanaugh, JH; Chun, AH; Dennis, S; Shi, HH, )	0.13
" It has a high and constant bioavailability (approximately 77%) which does not change on multiple dosing, so that maximum blood levels are achieved after the first dose."	( Pantoprazole, a new proton-pump inhibitor, has a precise and predictable profile of activity. Parsons, ME, 1996)	0.29
"To investigate, by means of meal-stimulated acid secretion, the extent to which differences in plasma half-life, bioavailability and the recommended therapeutic dose can influence the antisecretory potency of lansoprazole and omeprazole."	( Lansoprazole versus omeprazole: influence on meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion. Burkhardt, F; Dammann, HG; Fuchs, W; Richter, G; Walter, TA; Wolf, N, 1997)	0.8
"To determine the effect of the concurrent administration of Maalox and omeprazole in the bioavailability of trovafloxacin (CP-99,219), an open, placebo-controlled, randomized, four-way crossover study was conducted in 12 healthy male volunteers."	( Effect of Maalox and omeprazole on the bioavailability of trovafloxacin. Dogolo, LC; Friedman, HL; Teng, R; Vincent, J; Willavize, SA, 1997)	0.85
" In the present study, we evaluated the potential of omeprazole to interfere with the bioavailability of aspirin administered to rats either alone or complexed with the zwitterionic phospholipid, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)."	( Effect of omeprazole on the bioavailability of unmodified and phospholipid-complexed aspirin in rats. Dial, EJ; Felder, TB; Giraud, MN; Illich, PA; Lichtenberger, LM; Sanduja, SK, 1997)	0.95
"Gastric absorption of aspirin and its relative bioavailability were reduced by an antisecretory dose of omeprazole; its inhibitory effect on gastric prostaglandin synthesis was consequently attenuated."	( Effect of omeprazole on the bioavailability of unmodified and phospholipid-complexed aspirin in rats. Dial, EJ; Felder, TB; Giraud, MN; Illich, PA; Lichtenberger, LM; Sanduja, SK, 1997)	0.91
"This study compared the 24 h intragastric pH profile and bioavailability at repeated dosing conditions of the omeprazole 20 mg enteric-coated tablet versus the 20 mg capsule."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics during treatment with the omeprazole 20 mg enteric-coated tablet and 20 mg capsule in asymptomatic duodenal ulcer patients. Kirdeikis, P; Lastiwka, R; Olofsson, B; Röhss, K; Sinclair, P; Thomson, AB, )	0.58
"The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of food on the bioavailability of omeprazole (20 mg) given as an enteric-coated tablet under repeated dose conditions."	( Influence of food on the bioavailability of an enteric-coated tablet formulation of omeprazole 20 mg under repeated dose conditions. Andersson, T; Matisko, A; Olofsson, B; Rosen, E; Sinclair, P; Thomson, AB, )	0.57
"Omeprazole affects itraconazole kinetics, leading to a reduction in bioavailability and Cmax."	( Effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of itraconazole. Jaruratanasirikul, S; Sriwiriyajan, S, 1998)	2.15
" There was no significant change in the bioavailability of theses NSAIDs during omeprazole therapy in this study."	( Lack of drug-drug interaction between three different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and omeprazole. Andersson, T; Bredberg, E; Lagerström, PO; Naesdal, J; Wilson, I, 1998)	0.75
" The presented study was performed to determine the influence of the gastric acid secretion inhibitor omeprazole on bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of cerivastatin."	( The effect of omeprazole pre- and cotreatment on cerivastatin absorption and metabolism in man. Mück, W; Ochmann, K; Rohde, G; Sachse, R, 1998)	0.88
" According to our results, omeprazole treatment did not influence the bioavailability from uncoated acetylsalicylic acid tablets but the absorption rate of salicylate from enteric-coated tablets was increased significantly."	( Interaction of omeprazole with enteric-coated salicylate tablets. Ayanoglu-Dülger, G; Imeryüz, N; Nefesoglu, FZ; Ulusoy, NB, 1998)	0.95
"Findings of the present study demonstrate that omeprazole treatment significantly increases the rate of absorption of single-unit enteric-coated medication."	( Interaction of omeprazole with enteric-coated salicylate tablets. Ayanoglu-Dülger, G; Imeryüz, N; Nefesoglu, FZ; Ulusoy, NB, 1998)	0.91
"The present study examined whether the intestinal microflora could affect the bioavailability and vitamin A activity of dietary alpha- and beta-carotene in the rat."	( The bioavailability of alpha- and beta-carotene is affected by gut microflora in the rat. Alexandre-Gouabau, MC; Azais-Braesco, V; Borel, P; Duszka, C; Grolier, P; Lory, S; Nugon-Baudon, L, 1998)	0.3
" Differences in physical and physicochemical properties of products A, B, and C indicated that they did not maintain the required stability and that bioavailability might be affected by the poor dissolution of omeprazole from the pellets."	( In vitro evaluation of dissolution properties and degradation products of omeprazole in enteric-coated pellets. Rodrigues, D; Storpirtis, S, 1998)	0.72
" There was no significant difference between the absorption rate constants of the lansoprazole enantiomers in the in-situ absorption study."	( Pharmacokinetic differences between lansoprazole enantiomers in rats. Arimori, K; Katsuki, H; Nakano, M; Yasuda, K, 1998)	0.3
" However, the new omeprazole MUPS formulation still showed the well-known effect of initial low bioavailability increasing after repeated dosing."	( Comparison of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole (40 mg) as compared to omeprazole MUPS (20 mg) after repeated oral dose administration. Ehrlich, A; Huber, R; Lücker, PW; Mascher, H; Sander, P; Wiedemann, A, )	0.68
"To determine the relative bioavailability of Ulceral (study formula) with respect to Losec (reference standard formula) and establish their bioequivalence daily doses of 20 mg of omeprazole were given during 5 consecutive days to 24 healthy volunteers."	( [A relative bioavailability study of 2 oral formulations of omeprazole after their administration in repeated doses to healthy volunteers]. Gimeno, M; McEwen, J; Moreland, TA; Richards, JP, 1999)	0.74
" Its bioavailability is not influenced by the coingestion of either food or antacids."	( Review article: the pharmacokinetics of rabeprazole in health and disease. Hoyumpa, AM; Merritt, GJ; Swan, SK, 1999)	0.3
" The relative bioavailability of omeprazole can be accurately assessed using this multiple-dose study design."	( High-dose omeprazole: use of a multiple-dose study design to assess bioequivalence and accuracy of CYP2C19 phenotyping. Edwards, DJ; Kovacs, P; Lalka, D; Scheiwe, WM; Stoeckel, K, 1999)	0.99
" They have comparable rates of absorption, maximum plasma concentrations, and total drug absorptions resulting in similar bioavailability after single-dose administration."	( Review article: pharmacokinetic concerns in the selection of anti-ulcer therapy. Lew, EA, 1999)	0.3
"This study was designed to compare the bioavailability of lansoprazole when administered as an intact capsule and when the contents are admixed with various soft foods."	( Effect on bioavailability of admixing the contents of lansoprazole capsules with selected soft foods. Achari, R; Cavanaugh, JH; Chun, AH; Erdman, K; Zhang, Y, 2000)	0.31
" Bioavailability was assessed by the two 1-sided tests procedure using a 90% CI for the AUC0-infinity ratio of test-to-reference regimens."	( Effect on bioavailability of admixing the contents of lansoprazole capsules with selected soft foods. Achari, R; Cavanaugh, JH; Chun, AH; Erdman, K; Zhang, Y, 2000)	0.31
"Proton pump inhibitors and roxithromycin do not alter the systemic bioavailability of each other."	( Pharmacokinetic interaction between proton pump inhibitors and roxithromycin in volunteers. Grobecker, H; Holstege, A; Ittner, KP; Kees, F; Lock, G; Schölmerich, J; Zimmermann, M, 2000)	0.31
" Although there is no significant difference between proton pump inhibitors with respect to healing of esophagitis, symptom relief occurs earlier with lansoprazole than omeprazole, and this is probably due to the greater oral bioavailability and faster onset of action of lansoprazole when compared to omeprazole."	( pH, healing rate, and symptom relief in patients with GERD. Huang, JQ; Hunt, RH, )	0.33
" Relative bioavailability of omeprazole from simplified omeprazole suspension compared to the capsule was 58."	( Oral pharmacokinetics of omeprazole and lansoprazole after single and repeated doses as intact capsules or as suspensions in sodium bicarbonate. Howden, CW; Peyton, B; Raufman, JP; Sharma, VK; Spears, T, 2000)	0.9
"The quantitative structure-bioavailability relationship of 232 structurally diverse drugs was studied to evaluate the feasibility of constructing a predictive model for the human oral bioavailability of prospective new medicinal agents."	( QSAR model for drug human oral bioavailability. Topliss, JG; Yoshida, F, 2000)	0.31
"For the development of omeprazole buccal adhesive tablets, we studied the release and bioavailability of omeprazole delivered by buccal adhesive tablets composed of sodium alginate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), magnesium oxide and croscarmellose sodium."	( Formulation and in vivo evaluation of omeprazole buccal adhesive tablet. Choi, H; Han, J; Jung, J; Kim, C; Lee, M; Park, K; Rhee, C; Yong, CS, 2000)	0.89
" The bioavailability of pantoprazole is not altered by concomitant administration of food or antacids or with repeated dosing."	( Clinical experience with pantoprazole in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Avner, DL, 2000)	0.31
" Pantoprazole is well absorbed when administered as an enteric-coated, delayed-release tablet, with an oral bioavailability of approximately 77%."	( Pantoprazole: a new proton pump inhibitor. Jungnickel, PW, 2000)	0.31
" Esomeprazole has significantly higher oral bioavailability than omeprazole, resulting in greater acid suppression."	( Esomeprazole, a new proton pump inhibitor: pharmacological characteristics and clinical efficacy. Talley, NJ; Thitiphuree, S, 2000)	1.65
" Pantoprazole is well absorbed, undergoes little first-pass metabolism, and has an absolute bioavailability of approximately 77%."	( Pantoprazole. Poole, P, 2001)	0.31
" The release and bioavailability of omeprazole delivered by the buccal adhesive tablets were studied."	( Physicochemical characterization and evaluation of buccal adhesive tablets containing omeprazole. Choi, HG; Jung, JH; Kim, CK; Rhee, JD; Yong, CS, 2001)	0.81
" Short-term treatment with omeprazole did alter the relative bioavailability of this drug, probably through an effect on absorption kinetics or first-pass metabolism."	( Effect of acid secretion blockade by omeprazole on the relative bioavailability of orally administered furazolidone in healthy volunteers. Calafatti, SA; Deguer, M; Martinez, M; Ortiz, RA; Pedrazzoli, J, 2001)	0.88
"The encapsulation of omeprazole MUPS 20 mg tablets does not influence the extent and rate of absorption as indicated by the AUC and Cmax ratios."	( Bioequivalence between omeprazole MUPS 20 mg as tablet and omeprazole MUPS 20 mg as tablet encapsulated in a hard gelatine capsule. Cotoraci, CA; Hole, U; Huber, R; Mascher, H; Potthast, H; Schaltenbrand, R, 2001)	0.94
" The similar holds true for the value of time to reach the maximal concentration of lansoprazole in serum, although this parameter was previously described as less sensitive in comparative bioavailability studies."	( A bioavailability/bioequivalence study of two oral lansoprazole formulations after single administration to healthy volunteers. Jovanović, D; Kilibarda, V; Maksimović, M, 2001)	0.31
"To compare the bioavailability of three brands of omeprazole capsule (Losec, Aoke-Changzhou No."	( [Bioavailability of three brands of omeprazole capsule and their effects on 24 hour intragastric pH in healthy volunteers]. Dong, H, 1999)	0.83
" The superior acid control achieved by esomeprazole is mainly due to an advantageous metabolism compared with racemate omeprazole, leading to improved bioavailability and to enhanced delivery of the drug to the gastric proton pump."	( Clinical pharmacology and safety profile of esomeprazole, the first enantiomerically pure proton pump inhibitor. Savarino, V; Scarpignato, C; Tonini, M; Vigneri, S, 2001)	0.83
" However, decreased bioavailability may limit the value of intragastric delivery of PPIs because of the high frequency of gastric emptying problems in critically ill patients."	( Pharmacology of acid suppression in the hospital setting: focus on proton pump inhibition. Pisegna, JR, 2002)	0.31
"The ability to administer the contents of an encapsulated-dose formulation in liquids or soft foods without compromising drug bioavailability is highly desirable for patients who are unable to swallow or have difficulty swallowing."	( Bioavailability of lansoprazole granules administered in juice or soft food compared with the intact capsule formulation. Achari, R; Cavanaugh, JH; Chiu, YL; Chun, AH; Erdman, K; Pilmer, BL, 2002)	0.31
"The purpose of this study was to compare the bioavailability of lansoprazole granules administered in 2 types of juice and a soft food with that of the intact capsule administered with water."	( Bioavailability of lansoprazole granules administered in juice or soft food compared with the intact capsule formulation. Achari, R; Cavanaugh, JH; Chiu, YL; Chun, AH; Erdman, K; Pilmer, BL, 2002)	0.31
" Bioavailability of the 3 test regimens was assessed using the two 1-sided tests procedure for mean maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) from time 0 through the last measurable concentration and AUC from time 0 to infinity."	( Bioavailability of lansoprazole granules administered in juice or soft food compared with the intact capsule formulation. Achari, R; Cavanaugh, JH; Chiu, YL; Chun, AH; Erdman, K; Pilmer, BL, 2002)	0.31
"The results of this study indicate that the bioavailability of lansoprazole granules, when administered in orange juice, tomato juice, or a small amount of strained pears, was similar to that of the intact capsule in these healthy adult volunteers."	( Bioavailability of lansoprazole granules administered in juice or soft food compared with the intact capsule formulation. Achari, R; Cavanaugh, JH; Chiu, YL; Chun, AH; Erdman, K; Pilmer, BL, 2002)	0.31
" The substance has an absolute bioavailability upon oral administration of approximately 52% which is robust against food intake or administration of antacids."	( Rabeprazole: pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic drug interactions. Fuhr, U; Jetter, A, 2002)	0.31
" These include differences in PPI bioavailability and acid-suppressive effects."	( The clinical importance of proton pump inhibitor pharmacokinetics. Thomson, AB; Yacyshyn, BR, 2002)	0.31
" Studies have shown that the bioavailability of LFDT is comparable to lansoprazole capsules, at both 15 and 30 mg doses; the indications and recommended dosages for LFDT are therefore identical to lansoprazole capsules."	( Lansoprazole fast disintegrating tablet: a new formulation for an established proton pump inhibitor. Baldi, F; Malfertheiner, P, 2003)	0.32
"The bioavailability of pantoprazole when administered as a suspension in sodium bicarbonate solution and as the oral tablet was studied."	( Oral bioavailability of pantoprazole suspended in sodium bicarbonate solution. Abell, M; Ferron, GM; Getsy, J; Ku, S; Mayer, PR; Paul, J; Unruh, M, 2003)	0.32
" Physiologic factors that may contribute to a poor response to these drugs include the considerable variation in the bioavailability of PPIs, the need to take PPIs with meals, the influence of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis, and genetic variation in enzyme capacity, resulting in rapid and slow metabolizers of PPIs."	( Medical management of patients with esophageal or supraesophageal gastroesophageal reflux disease. Richter, JE, 2003)	0.32
" The absorption rate is not related to food."	( [Therapeutic effect of gastrozolum in stomach ulcers]. Dolgova, NIu; Goncharenko, LS; Kuz'mina, OS; Lopatina, IN; Manannikov, IV; Melik-Ogandzhanian, NB; Serova, TI; Sukhareva, GV; Trubitsina, IE; Tsaregorodtseva, TM; Zarudnaia, SI, 2003)	0.32
" The present results suggest that the protective effects of lansoprazole can be ascribed to a reduction of gastric oxidative injury, resulting in an increased bioavailability of mucosal sulfhydryl compounds."	( Mechanisms of gastroprotection by lansoprazole pretreatment against experimentally induced injury in rats: role of mucosal oxidative damage and sulfhydryl compounds. Blandizzi, C; Colucci, R; Del Tacca, M; Fornai, M; Lazzeri, G; Lubrano, V; Natale, G; Vassalle, C, 2004)	0.32
" The bioavailability of omeprazole might, to some extent, be increased through inhibition of P-glycoprotein during fluvoxamine treatment."	( Different inhibitory effect of fluvoxamine on omeprazole metabolism between CYP2C19 genotypes. Inoue, Y; Kaneko, S; Nakagami, T; Takahata, T; Tateishi, T; Yasui-Furukori, N; Yoshiya, G, 2004)	0.89
" At comparable doses, these properties lead to several clinical advantages: higher bioavailability in extensive metabolisers (the majority of patients), lower exposure in poor metabolisers, less interindividual variation and a steeper dose-response curve at steady state resulting in a more pronounced inhibition of gastric acid secretion."	( Single-isomer drugs: true therapeutic advances. Andersson, T, 2004)	0.32
"The objective of this study was to determine the impact of omeprazole on bismuth (Bi) bioavailability when given in a three-in-one capsule containing bismuth biskalcitrate, metronidazole, and tetracycline."	( Influence of omeprazole on bioavailability of bismuth following administration of a triple capsule of bismuth biskalcitrate, metronidazole, and tetracycline. Aumais, C; Lefebvre, M; Massicotte, J; Spénard, J; Tremblay, C, 2004)	0.94
" The pharmacokinetic parameters (C(max), AUC(o-t), t(max)) of this drug have been evaluated to compare the single dose (20 mg) bioavailability of rabeprazole sodium with the standard reference."	( Bioequivalence study of rabeprazole sodium on healthy human volunteers. Banerjee, SN; Chattaraj, TK; Ganesan, M; Jayakumar, M; Mondal, U; Pal, TK; Roy, K, 2004)	0.32
"Esomeprazole has higher oral bioavailability and increased antimicrobial activity against Helicobacter pylori than omeprazole."	( Esomeprazole versus omeprazole for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: results of a randomized controlled study. Anagnostopoulos, GK; Arvanitidis, D; Kostopoulos, P; Margantinis, G; Tsiakos, S, 2004)	1.77
" Clinical observations have suggested reduced responses to omeprazole in CF children, which may reflect alterations in bioavailability or clearance."	( Altered pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in cystic fibrosis knockout mice relative to wild-type mice. Ali, SY; Smith, PC; Tallman, MN, 2004)	0.86
" pylori-infected mucosa and that inhibited the loss of CAM bioavailability in the acidic environment."	( Effect of sucralfate on antibiotic therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection in mice. Fujioka, T; Kashimura, K; Kodama, M; Miura, M; Miyajima, H; Murakami, K; Nasu, M; Okimoto, T; Ootsu, S; Sato, R; Watanabe, K, 2004)	0.32
"Lansoprazole (LPZ) is a representative drug that shows a high inter-subject variation of bioavailability (BA)."	( Effect of adsorbents on the absorption of lansoprazole with surfactant. Arai, H; Ito, Y; Iwasaki, K; Shibata, N; Takada, K; Uchino, K, 2005)	0.33
"Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and P-glycoprotein (PGP) are important determinants of the oral bioavailability and clearance of tacrolimus."	( Impact of gastric acid suppressants on cytochrome P450 3A4 and P-glycoprotein: consequences for FK506 assimilation. Lemahieu, WP; Maes, BD; Vanrenterghem, Y; Verbeke, K, 2005)	0.33
"The study was designed to determine the absolute bioavailability of 20 mg rabeprazole tablets in normal, healthy subjects in comparison with intravenous administration of 20 mg rabeprazole."	( Pharmacokinetics of rabeprazole following single intravenous and oral administration to healthy subjects. Hasegawa, J; Humphries, T; Laurent, A; Setoyama, T, 2005)	0.33
" The bioavailability of lansoprazole might, to some extent, be increased through inhibition of P-glycoprotein during clarithromycin treatment."	( Effects of clarithromycin on lansoprazole pharmacokinetics between CYP2C19 genotypes. Munakata, A; Saito, M; Sugawara, K; Takahata, T; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yasui-Furukori, N, 2005)	0.33
"This study assessed the effect of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole on the bioavailability of the extended-release formulations of oxybutynin and tolterodine."	( Effect of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of extended-release formulations of oxybutynin and tolterodine. Chen, A; Dmochowski, R; Gidwani, S; Gupta, S; MacDiarmid, S; Sathyan, G, 2005)	0.85
" Bioavailability of intragastric-administered pantoprazole was 41%."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pantoprazole in clinically normal neonatal foals. Giguère, S; Ryan, CA; Sanchez, LC; Vickroy, T, 2005)	0.33
" In the in situ absorption study, the absorption rate constants were of no significant differences between the two enantiomers."	( Pharmacokinetic differences between pantoprazole enantiomers in rats. Xie, Z; Xu, H; Zhang, Y; Zhong, D, 2005)	0.33
"Methadone is an opioid, which has a high oral bioavailability (>70%) and a long elimination half-life (>20 h) in human beings."	( The effects of inhibiting cytochrome P450 3A, p-glycoprotein, and gastric acid secretion on the oral bioavailability of methadone in dogs. Aman, AM; Kukanich, B; Lascelles, BD; Mealey, KL; Papich, MG, 2005)	0.33
" There are minor formulation-based pharmacokinetic differences among these agents, primarily reflected in their bioavailability following the first few doses."	( Review article: similarities and differences among delayed-release proton-pump inhibitor formulations. Horn, JR; Howden, CW, 2005)	0.33
" Further, the bioavailability of tenatoprazole was two-fold greater in the (S)-tenatoprazole sodium salt hydrate form as compared to the free form in dogs which is due to differences in the crystal structure and hydrophobic nature of the two forms."	( Characterization of the inhibitory activity of tenatoprazole on the gastric H+,K+ -ATPase in vitro and in vivo. Domagala, F; Ficheux, H; Homerin, M; Sachs, G; Shin, JM, 2006)	0.33
"Acid suppression markedly reduced the bioavailability of atazanavir in this group of healthy volunteers."	( Inhibition of atazanavir oral absorption by lansoprazole gastric acid suppression in healthy volunteers. Bednarczyk, E; Berenson, CS; Difrancesco, R; Eberhardt, E; Morse, GD; Ogundele, AB; Smith, PF; Tomilo, DL, 2006)	0.33
" This study has examined the physical and thermal properties of both forms and in highlighting their differences provides an explanation for the potential differences in bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy."	( Physical and thermal characterisation of chiral omeprazole sodium salts. Agotonovic-Kustrin, S; Glass, B; Markovic, N; Prestidge, CA, 2006)	0.59
"The effect of omeprazole on the oral bioavailability and urinary exposure of the Depomed formulation of extended-release (ER) ciprofloxacin was studied."	( Effect of omeprazole on bioavailability of an oral extended-release formulation of ciprofloxacin. Berner, B; Hou, E; Hughes, N; Washington, C, 2006)	1.1
" The bioavailability of tenatoprazole was improved by administration of enteric-coated capsule."	( HPLC determination and pharmacokinetic study of tenatoprazole in dog plasma after oral administration of enteric-coated capsule. Li, F; Liu, P; Lu, X; Qin, F; Sun, B, 2007)	0.34
"Cyclodextrins are known to be good solubility enhancers for several drugs, improving bioavailability when incorporated in pharmaceutical formulations."	( Interaction of omeprazole with a methylated derivative of beta-cyclodextrin: phase solubility, NMR spectroscopy and molecular simulation. Carvalho, RA; Figueiras, A; Pais, AA; Sarraguça, JM; Veiga, FJ, 2007)	0.69
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the absolute bioavailability and the metabolism of omeprazole following single intravenous and oral administrations to healthy subjects in relation to CYP2C19 genotypes."	( Absolute bioavailability and metabolism of omeprazole in relation to CYP2C19 genotypes following single intravenous and oral administrations. Hayakari, M; Niioka, T; Sugawara, K; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yasui-Furukori, N, 2007)	0.82
"This study indicates that the absolute bioavailability of omeprazole differs among the three different CYP2C19 genotypes after a single dose of omeprazole orally or intravenously."	( Absolute bioavailability and metabolism of omeprazole in relation to CYP2C19 genotypes following single intravenous and oral administrations. Hayakari, M; Niioka, T; Sugawara, K; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yasui-Furukori, N, 2007)	0.85
"The effect of coadministration of omeprazole on the bioavailability of oral garenoxacin was evaluated in an open-label study in 14 healthy subjects."	( The effect of omeprazole on the bioavailability and safety of garenoxacin in healthy volunteers. Grasela, DM; Kisicki, JC; Krishna, G; Olsen, S; Wang, Z, 2007)	0.98
"A randomized, single-dose, crossover study was conducted to assess the bioavailability of two omeprazole (CAS 73590-58-6) capsule formulations, Emilok (test) and a commercially available original preparation (reference), under fasting conditions."	( Bioequivalence assessment of two capsule formulations of omeprazole in healthy volunteers. Hammami, MM; Hussein, RF; Lockyer, M, 2007)	0.8
"Pretreatment of omeprazole does not affect the absorption of domperidone maleate, but leads to a moderately decreased rate of absorption of the free base."	( Influence of omeprazole on pharmacokinetics of domperidone given as free base and maleate salt in healthy Chinese patients. Chen, XY; Dai, XJ; Liu, QZ; Yu, HL; Zhang, YF; Zhang, YN; Zhong, DF, 2007)	1.05
", nonligand binding, AhR activation by omeprazole upon human insulin-like growth factor binding protein (hIGFBP)-1, a secreted phosphoprotein involved in regulation of insulin-like growth factor-I/II bioavailability and mitogenic activity."	( Omeprazole stimulates the induction of human insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 through aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation. Murray, IA; Perdew, GH, 2008)	2.06
" Since S-omeprazole shows more predictable bioavailability and excipients have been known to interact with active pharmaceutical ingredients to produce altered bioavailability, it was decided to investigate the compatibility of omeprazole sodium isomers with mannitol, the major excipient in omeprazole formulations using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for bulk drug, attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared (IR) spectroscopy in a powder mixture and localized thermal analysis (LTA) from a drug disk."	( Compatibility studies between mannitol and omeprazole sodium isomers. Agatonovic-Kustrin, S; Ginic-Markovic, M; Glass, BD; Mangan, M; Markovic, N, 2008)	1.03
" The results indicated that lopinavir bioavailability was not affected by the coadministration of omeprazole or ranitidine."	( Effects of acid-reducing agents on the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir. Beck, K; Cai, Y; Causemaker, SJ; Chiu, YL; Doan, T; Esslinger, HU; Hanna, GJ; King, KR; Klein, CE; Podsadecki, TJ, 2008)	0.56
" There are several generic formulations of omeprazole available in Mexico; however, a literature search failed to identify published data concerning the bioavailability of these formulations in the Mexican population."	( Bioavailability of two single-dose oral formulations of omeprazole 20 mg: an open-label, randomized sequence, two-period crossover comparison in healthy Mexican adult volunteers. Burke-Fraga, V; de Lago, A; Galán, JF; González-de la Parra, M; Jiménez, P; Namur, S; Oliva, I; Poo, JL; Rosete, A, 2008)	0.85
"The aim of this study was to compare the bioavailability of 2 oral formulations of omeprazole 20-mg capsules, marketed for use in Mexico, in healthy volunteers: Inhibitron (test formulation) and LosecA 20 mg (reference formulation)."	( Bioavailability of two single-dose oral formulations of omeprazole 20 mg: an open-label, randomized sequence, two-period crossover comparison in healthy Mexican adult volunteers. Burke-Fraga, V; de Lago, A; Galán, JF; González-de la Parra, M; Jiménez, P; Namur, S; Oliva, I; Poo, JL; Rosete, A, 2008)	0.82
" Raltegravir plasma concentration increases with omeprazole coadministration in healthy subjects; this is likely secondary to an increase in bioavailability attributable to increased gastric pH."	( Effects of omeprazole on plasma levels of raltegravir. Azrolan, N; Breidinger, SA; Chodakewitz, JA; Farmer, HF; Hanley, WD; Harvey, CM; Isaacs, RD; Iwamoto, M; Jin, B; Moreau, AR; Nguyen, BY; Rhodes, RR; Stone, JA; Teppler, H; Wagner, JA; Wenning, LA, 2009)	1
"The results of this study show that the nasogastric route of administration does not appear to cause marked, clinically unsuitable alterations in the bioavailability of the tested drugs."	( The bioavailability of bromazepam, omeprazole and paracetamol given by nasogastric feeding tube. Berger-Gryllaki, M; Buclin, T; Pannatier, A; Podilsky, G; Roulet, M; Testa, B, 2009)	0.63
" The aim of the study is to assess the relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties of two oral formulations of 20 mg omeprazole tablet, namely LOSEC(R) as reference product and Losectil DR as test product using serum data."	( Relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetic study of omeprazole 20 mg enteric-coated tablet in healthy Bangladeshi volunteers. Abul Kalam Azad, M; Hasan, A; Hasnat, A; Mahbub Latif, AH; Ullah, MA, 2009)	0.81
" Wet-milling using an ULTRA APEX MILL offers a highly effective approach to produce stable drug nanopowders and is a very useful tool for bioavailability enhancement of poorly water soluble and heat labile drugs."	( Nanoparticulation of poorly water soluble drugs using a wet-mill process and physicochemical properties of the nanopowders. Inkyo, M; Nagai, J; Nagata, S; Takano, M; Tanaka, Y; Yumoto, R, 2009)	0.35
"Oral omeprazole undergoes marked extraction in the small intestine, and increased bioavailability of the drug after id administration of ketoconazole and verapamil suggests that this increase results from inhibition of CYP3A4 and P-gp function in the intestine rather than the liver."	( Involvement of cytochrome P450 3A4 and P-glycoprotein in first-pass intestinal extraction of omeprazole in rabbits. Chen, ML; Diao, L; Fang, HM; Jin, J; Mei, Q; Xu, JM; Xu, XH, 2009)	1.09
" The method is sensitive and repeatable enough to be used in pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies."	( Simultaneous determination of omeprazole and domperidone in dog plasma by LC-MS method. Li, Z; Yao, J; Zhang, L; Zhang, Z, )	0.42
"Oral bioavailability (F) is a product of fraction absorbed (Fa), fraction escaping gut-wall elimination (Fg), and fraction escaping hepatic elimination (Fh)."	( Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination. Chang, G; El-Kattan, A; Miller, HR; Obach, RS; Rotter, C; Steyn, SJ; Troutman, MD; Varma, MV, 2010)	0.36
" This bioavailability study evaluates this practice in tube-fed patients with severe neurodevelopmental problems."	( Pharmacokinetics of two formulations of omeprazole administered through a gastrostomy tube in patients with severe neurodevelopmental problems. Boussery, K; De Cock, P; De Paepe, P; De Smet, J; Mehuys, E; Remon, JP; Van Bocxlaer, JF; Van Winckel, M; Vande Velde, S, 2011)	0.64
"In seven of 10 patients, bioavailability was higher for the suspension formulation than for the MUPS® formulation."	( Pharmacokinetics of two formulations of omeprazole administered through a gastrostomy tube in patients with severe neurodevelopmental problems. Boussery, K; De Cock, P; De Paepe, P; De Smet, J; Mehuys, E; Remon, JP; Van Bocxlaer, JF; Van Winckel, M; Vande Velde, S, 2011)	0.64
" PPIs can reduce the antiplatelet activity of clopidogrel through cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibition, and pantoprazole reduces the bioavailability of dabigatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor that acts via cytochrome P450 2C19-independent mechanisms."	( Effect of multiple doses of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of a single dose of rivaroxaban. Ariyawansa, J; Burton, PB; Moore, KT; Plotnikov, AN; Thyssen, A; Vaccaro, N, 2011)	0.66
" The bioavailability of MPA following administration of MMF or EC-MPS was similar except for the time to peak concentration, which was longer in the EC-MPS group."	( Omeprazole impairs the absorption of mycophenolate mofetil but not of enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium in healthy volunteers. Bucher, M; Faerber, L; Kees, F; Kees, MG; Moritz, S; Paulus, EM; Rupprecht, K; Steinke, T, 2012)	1.82
" This study was conducted to compare the relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties of two omeprazole 20 mg capsule formulations namely Xeldrin®20 (ACI Ltd."	( Bioavailability of omeprazole 20 mg capsules containing omeprazole 22.5% enteric coated pellets versus a reference product in healthy Bangladeshi male subjects: an open-label, single-dose, randomized-sequence, two-way crossover study. Ahmed, MU; Hasnat, A; Islam, MS; Maruf, AA; Shohag, H; Trini, AB, 2011)	0.91
" The purpose of this study was to compare the bioavailability of two of them, Losec and Omelcid."	( Comparative bioavailability of two oral formulations of omeprazole. Carrasco-Portugal, Mdel C; Flores-Murrieta, FJ; Herrera, JE; Medina-Santillán, R; Reyes-García, G, 2009)	0.6
"Previous studies proved that food strongly enhanced the bioavailability of vinpocetine."	( Omeprazole does not change the oral bioavailability or pharmacokinetics of vinpocetine in rats. Karaźniewicz-Łada, M; Kiełbowicz, G; Ksiądzyna, D; Magdalan, J; Merwid-Ląd, A; Sozański, T; Szeląg, A; Szumny, A; Słupski, W; Trocha, M, 2011)	1.81
"In order to comply with the requirements for a drug listed in China, the study was developed to compare the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of two different enteric formulations of omeprazole (OPZ) in healthy Chinese subjects."	( Relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetic comparison of two different enteric formulations of omeprazole. Chen, JC; Dou, J; Hu, XJ; Huang, MZ; Liu, J; Shentu, JZ; Wu, GL; Wu, LH; Xu, QY; Zhou, HL, 2012)	0.79
"Due to the multi-factorial physiological implications of bariatric surgery, attempts to explain trends in oral bioavailability following bariatric surgery using singular attributes of drugs or simplified categorisations such as the biopharmaceutics classification system have been unsuccessful."	( A mechanistic pharmacokinetic model to assess modified oral drug bioavailability post bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients: interplay between CYP3A gut wall metabolism, permeability and dissolution. Ammori, BJ; Ashcroft, DM; Darwich, AS; Jamei, M; Pade, D; Rostami-Hodjegan, A, 2012)	0.38
"The trends in oral bioavailability pre to post surgery were found to be dependent on a combination of drug parameters, including solubility, permeability and gastrointestinal metabolism as well as the surgical procedure carried out."	( A mechanistic pharmacokinetic model to assess modified oral drug bioavailability post bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients: interplay between CYP3A gut wall metabolism, permeability and dissolution. Ammori, BJ; Ashcroft, DM; Darwich, AS; Jamei, M; Pade, D; Rostami-Hodjegan, A, 2012)	0.38
"In the absence of clinical studies, the ability to project the direction and the magnitude of changes in bioavailability of drug therapy, using evidence-based mechanistic pharmacokinetic in silico models would be of significant value in guiding prescribers to make the necessary adjustments to dosage regimens for an increasing population of patients who are undergoing bariatric surgery."	( A mechanistic pharmacokinetic model to assess modified oral drug bioavailability post bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients: interplay between CYP3A gut wall metabolism, permeability and dissolution. Ammori, BJ; Ashcroft, DM; Darwich, AS; Jamei, M; Pade, D; Rostami-Hodjegan, A, 2012)	0.38
"2-(4-(4-(tert-Butylcarbamoyl)-2-(2-chloro-4-cyclopropylphenylsulfonamido)phenoxy)-5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (AMG 853) is an orally bioavailable and potent dual antagonist of the D-prostanoid and chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on T helper 2 cells receptors."	( Predicting the drug interaction potential of AMG 853, a dual antagonist of the D-prostanoid and chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on T helper 2 cells receptors. Amore, BM; Banfield, C; Boudreaux, MD; Davis, JA; Emery, MG; Foti, RS; Pearson, JT; Prokop, SP; Rock, DA; Wahlstrom, JL; Wienkers, LC; Wong, SL; Zalikowski, JA, 2012)	0.38
" The CGA is well absorbed orally, and its effects on gastric ulcer have not been previously reported."	( Antiulcerogenic activity of chlorogenic acid in different models of gastric ulcer. de Melo, IL; de Oliveira e Silva, AM; Farsky, SH; Machado, ID; Mancini-Filho, J; Santin, JR; Shimoyama, AT, 2013)	0.39
" However, maximum plasma concentration, half-life, area under the curve, and oral bioavailability were not different."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic alterations in the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass recipients. Chalasani, N; Hall, SD; Jones, DR; Mattar, S; Tandra, S; Vuppalanchi, R, 2013)	0.39
"The aim of this study was to develop new dipyridamole (DP) salts with pH-independent solubility for improving oral bioavailability under hypochlorhydria."	( New dipyridamole salt with improved dissolution and oral bioavailability under hypochlorhydric conditions. Inoue, R; Kato, M; Kawabata, Y; Onoue, S; Taniguchi, C; Wada, K; Yamada, S; Yamashita, K, 2013)	0.39
"A new series of novel benzimidazole derivatives containing substituted pyrid-2-yl moiety and polyhydroxy sugar conjugated to the N-benzimidazole moiety has been synthesized and evaluated as orally bioavailable anti-inflammatory agents with anti-ulcerogenic activity."	( Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of omeprazole-like agents with anti-inflammatory activity. Biuomy, AR; El-Nezhawy, AO; Hassan, FS; Ismaiel, AK; Omar, HA, 2013)	0.64
"As the bioavailability of erlotinib is dependent on gastric pH, an increase in gastric pH via the concurrent use of gastric acid suppressive medications (AS) may reduce its bioavailability and efficacy."	( An evaluation of the possible interaction of gastric acid suppressing medication and the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib. Bradbury, PA; Hilton, JF; Seymour, L; Shepherd, FA; Tu, D, 2013)	0.39
" The goals of the clinical development program were to demonstrate the following: improved gastrointestinal safety of PA relative to enteric-coated aspirin alone; bioequivalence and comparative bioavailability between the PA compounds and currently marketed enteric-coated aspirin; and long-term safety."	( PA tablets: investigational compounds combining aspirin and omeprazole for cardioprotection. Bliden, KP; Brener, M; Franzese, CJ; Gesheff, MG; Gurbel, PA; Tabrizchi, A; Tantry, U, 2013)	0.63
" The study was conducted from January 2006 to April 2007 and was designed to find out the bioavailability of omeprazole in capsule form in healthy Bangladeshi population and to compare this with that of the other population in the world."	( Bioavailability and plasma concentration of omeprazole in healthy bangladeshi population after ingestion. Bachar, SC; Ghosh, CK; Hasan, M; Ishaque, SM; Mahmuduzzaman, M; Uddoula, MS, 2013)	0.86
"The objectives were to document the pharmacokinetics of intravenous, enteric-coated oral and plain oral omeprazole in fasted horses and to investigate the impact of feeding on the bioavailability of an enteric-coated omeprazole."	( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous, plain oral and enteric-coated oral omeprazole in the horse. McGowan, CM; Mills, PC; Sykes, BW; Underwood, C, 2015)	0.87
"Omeprazole (OME) is a proton pump inhibitor with a 58% bioavailability after a single oral dose."	( Improvement and validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography in tandem mass spectrometry method for monitoring of omeprazole in plasma. Abad-Santos, F; Gil García, AI; Ochoa-Mazarro, D; Román-Martínez, M; Ruiz-Nuño, A; Wojnicz, A, 2015)	2.07
" However, a wider-than-expected degree of variation was present and examination of the raw data suggests that an effect of feeding, wherein the bioavailability of omeprazole may be reduced in the fed animal, may be present."	( The effect of feeding on the pharmacokinetic variables of two commercially available formulations of omeprazole. McGowan, CM; Mills, PC; Sykes, BW; Underwood, C, 2015)	0.83
"An early prediction of solubility in physiological media (PBS, SGF and SIF) is useful to predict qualitatively bioavailability and absorption of lead candidates."	( Thermodynamic equilibrium solubility measurements in simulated fluids by 96-well plate method in early drug discovery. Bharate, SS; Vishwakarma, RA, 2015)	0.42
" Bioavailability of midazolam was 4% in marmosets, presumably because of contribution of marmoset P450 3A4 expressed in small intestine and liver, with a high catalytic efficiency for midazolam 1'-hydroxylation as evident in the recombinant system."	( Simultaneous pharmacokinetics evaluation of human cytochrome P450 probes, caffeine, warfarin, omeprazole, metoprolol and midazolam, in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Inoue, T; Sasaki, E; Shimizu, M; Toda, A; Uehara, S; Uno, Y; Utoh, M; Yamazaki, H, 2016)	0.65
"This study was conducted to investigate the effect of food and coadministration of omeprazole on the relative bioavailability (BA) of faldaprevir (FDV)."	( Investigation of the effect of food and omeprazole on the relative bioavailability of a single oral dose of 240 mg faldaprevir, a selective inhibitor of HCV NS3/4 protease, in an open-label, randomized, three-way cross-over trial in healthy participants. Elgadi, M; Gießmann, T; Huang, F; Lang, B; Wu, J, 2016)	0.93
"Short-term fasting can alter drug exposure but it is unknown whether this is an effect of altered oral bioavailability and/or systemic clearance."	( Effect of Short-Term Fasting on Systemic Cytochrome P450-Mediated Drug Metabolism in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Study Using a Cocktail Approach. Achterbergh, R; Lammers, LA; Mathôt, RAA; Romijn, JA; van Schaik, RHN, 2017)	0.46
" Comparison of mean log area under time-plasma concentration curves demonstrated that, although the lower limit of the 90% confidence interval was within the -20% limit for bioequivalence, the upper limit was exceeded, suggesting that the test product could have greater bioavailability than the reference product."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of two omeprazole formulations on stomach pH and gastric ulcer scores. Andrews, FM; Nielsen, SG; Raidal, SL; Trope, G, 2017)	0.71
"The small sample size, large interhorse plasma omeprazole concentrations, and low bioavailability of omeprazole impacted the sensitivity of the bioequivalence analysis."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of two omeprazole formulations on stomach pH and gastric ulcer scores. Andrews, FM; Nielsen, SG; Raidal, SL; Trope, G, 2017)	0.96
" In this study, the relative bioavailability of the tablet formulation versus the initial capsule formulation and the effect of food and omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of a single-dose momelotinib tablet were evaluated in healthy subjects."	( The Relative Bioavailability, Food Effect, and Drug Interaction With Omeprazole of Momelotinib Tablet Formulation in Healthy Subjects. Deng, W; Hemenway, J; Maltzman, J; Shao, L; Silverman, JA; Stefanidis, D; Tarnowski, T; Xin, Y, 2018)	0.92
" absorption rate constants or systemic circulation volumes, were not likely determining factors."	( Association with polymorphic marmoset cytochrome P450 2C19 of in vivo hepatic clearances of chirally separated R-omeprazole and S-warfarin using individual marmoset physiologically based pharmacokinetic models. Inoue, T; Kusama, T; Sasaki, E; Shimizu, M; Toda, A; Uehara, S; Uno, Y; Utoh, M; Yamazaki, H, 2018)	0.69
" Although dissolution profiles similar to the original product were obtained, the unexpected results of omeprazole low bioavailability in the fed bioequivalence study (BES I) showed the necessity to investigate the formulation in greater depth."	( The effect of the composition of a fixed dose combination on bioequivalence results. Beránek, J; Červená, T; Dumicic, A; Franc, A; Hofmann, J; Kukačková, L; Repický, A; Šalandová, J; Srbek, J; Vetchý, D; Vladovičová, B, 2018)	0.7
" This phase 1 study in healthy subjects evaluated the relative bioavailability of filgotinib maleate tablets versus the reference tablet (filgotinib hydrochloride) and effects of food and acid-reducing agents (ARAs) on the pharmacokinetics of filgotinib and its major metabolite."	( The Relative Bioavailability and Effects of Food and Acid-Reducing Agents on Filgotinib Tablets in Healthy Subjects. Anderson, K; Cuvin, J; Kotecha, M; Namour, F; Qin, AR; Scott, B; Sharma, S; Xin, Y; Zheng, H, 2019)	0.51
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51
"Omeprazole preparations vary in bioavailability in horses."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of 2 registered omeprazole preparations and varying dose rates in horses. Edwards, S; Hughes, KJ; Jacobson, GA; Narkowicz, CK; Raidal, SL; Wise, JC, 2021)	2.31
"A prospective, blinded randomized interventional study was trial, conducted in 3 parts: (a) bioavailability study, (b) dose titration study, and (c) comparative clinical pharmacodynamic study, each using a blocked crossover design."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of 2 registered omeprazole preparations and varying dose rates in horses. Edwards, S; Hughes, KJ; Jacobson, GA; Narkowicz, CK; Raidal, SL; Wise, JC, 2021)	0.86
" No differences were observed between products for absolute oral bioavailability (NOV 55% range, 15-88; REF 17% range, 10-77; P = ."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of 2 registered omeprazole preparations and varying dose rates in horses. Edwards, S; Hughes, KJ; Jacobson, GA; Narkowicz, CK; Raidal, SL; Wise, JC, 2021)	0.86
"A novel, integrated, in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) system is presented to study oral bioavailability parameters of small molecules."	( A versatile, compartmentalised gut-on-a-chip system for pharmacological and toxicological analyses. Bouwmeester, H; de Haan, P; Nielen, MWF; Santbergen, MJC; van der Zande, M; Verpoorte, E, 2021)	0.62
" The principal aim was to evaluate whether gastric bypass surgery modifies the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of omeprazole."	( Effect of Obesity and Roux-En-Y Gastric Surgery on Omeprazole Pharmacokinetics. Bandrés, F; Castrillón, EV; Chicharro, LM; López-Picado, A; Moreno Lopera, C; Paterna, ABR; Portolés-Pérez, A; Rubio, MA; Sánchez Pernaute, A; Torres García, AJ, 2022)	1.18
"Controlled, open-label, bioavailability clinical trial in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)."	( Effect of Obesity and Roux-En-Y Gastric Surgery on Omeprazole Pharmacokinetics. Bandrés, F; Castrillón, EV; Chicharro, LM; López-Picado, A; Moreno Lopera, C; Paterna, ABR; Portolés-Pérez, A; Rubio, MA; Sánchez Pernaute, A; Torres García, AJ, 2022)	0.97
" Discusion/Conclusions: Omeprazole bioavailability is reduced in patients with obesity at 1 and 6 months after RYGB."	( Effect of Obesity and Roux-En-Y Gastric Surgery on Omeprazole Pharmacokinetics. Bandrés, F; Castrillón, EV; Chicharro, LM; López-Picado, A; Moreno Lopera, C; Paterna, ABR; Portolés-Pérez, A; Rubio, MA; Sánchez Pernaute, A; Torres García, AJ, 2022)	1.28
" In a bioavailability study comparing formulations containing 110."	( Dasatinib anhydrate containing oral formulation improves variability and bioavailability in humans. Bartůněk, A; Beránek, J; Hauser, T; Hofmann, J; Ryšánek, P; Sedmak, G; Šíma, M; Slanař, O, 2023)	0.91

Dosage Studied

Omeprazole had no clinically relevant effect on voriconazole exposure. Median pH during combined dosing was significantly lower, compared to omepraz.

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"3%) had received previous therapy with H2-receptor antagonists and in 33% of these patients it was at an inadequate dose or for an inadequate period of dosing or both."	( A drug usage review of omeprazole. Kay, EA; McManus, PV; Norris, CM; Petty, D, 1992)	0.59
" Lansoprazole (both doses) as well as omeprazole raised the plasma gastrin levels about 11-fold 2 h after dosing and 8-to 10-fold 24 h after dosing, reflecting complete (2 h) and 70-80% (24 h) reductions of gastric acid secretion."	( Lansoprazole and omeprazole have similar effects on plasma gastrin levels, enterochromaffin-like cells, gastrin cells and somatostatin cells in the rat stomach. Håkanson, R; Karlsson, A; Lee, H; Mattsson, H; Sundler, F, 1992)	0.89
" Successful control of reflux disease in these patients was achieved by increasing omeprazole therapy to a regime and dosage that achieved elevation of intragastric pH above 4 throughout the 24-hour period."	( Medical therapy of patients with reflux oesophagitis poorly responsive to H2-receptor antagonist therapy. Klinkenberg-Knol, EC; Meuwissen, SG, 1992)	0.51
" Estimation of fasting serum gastrin concentration (RIA) was performed before treatment and 24 hours after the last dosage of OME, and HP was searched for an antral biopsies at the end of the treatment as well."	( Preliminary observations in the fasting serum gastrin in patients with duodenal ulcer; further evidence of the "clearing" effect of omeprazole on H pylori? Alevizou, V; Archimandritis, A; Davaris, P; Fertakis, A; Kapsalas, D; Kyriaki, D; Tjivras, M, 1992)	0.49
" Despite these findings, the considerable overlap in these parameters between young and old volunteers, together with data from previous pharmacodynamic studies and the wide therapeutic range of omeprazole, indicate that dosage reductions are not needed in the elderly."	( Pharmacokinetic study of omeprazole in elderly healthy volunteers. Andersson, T; Landahl, S; Larsson, M; Lernfeldt, B; Lundborg, P; Regårdh, CG; Sixt, E; Skånberg, I, 1992)	0.78
"Prolonged fasting and longer time between dosing and sampling reduced the plasma gastrin concentrations after omeprazole (80 mumol/kg x 2 for 14 days) treatment in male rats whereas the amounts of tissue gastrin were essentially unchanged during these initial experiments."	( Effects of omeprazole and ranitidine on plasma gastrin concentration and stomach gastrin content in rats. Girma, K; Nilsson, G; Romell, B; Seensalu, R, 1992)	0.89
"Omeprazole, an inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, was administered to rats at a dosage of 20 mg/kg/day for 14 and 35 days, and subsequent changes in subcellular structures of parietal cells were analyzed using morphometry and immunocytochemistry."	( Changes in subcellular structures of parietal cells in the rat gastric gland after omeprazole. Fukutomi, H; Furuhashi, M; Kominami, E; Nakahara, A; Uchiyama, Y, 1992)	1.95
" The purpose of this study was to determine whether morning or evening dosage gave better control of 24-hr intragastric pH."	( Effect of lansoprazole on intragastric pH. Comparison between morning and evening dosing. Abe, S; Asaki, S; Hirasawa, Y; Hongo, M; Ohara, S; Toyota, T, 1992)	0.28
" Conventional dosing with H2-receptor antagonists has been successful in only about 50% of the patients with reflux esophagitis."	( The role of omeprazole in healing and prevention of reflux disease. Klinkenberg-Knol, EC, 1992)	0.66
" Dosing included continuous intravenous infusion ranitidine (50 mg bolus followed by 12."	( Circadian differences in pharmacological blockade of meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion. Day, GM; Moore, JG; Sanders, SW; Tolman, KG, 1992)	0.28
" An additional 18 subjects received once daily 30 mg oral doses of lansoprazole or placebo; these subjects were dosed at either 08."	( The effects of lansoprazole, a new H+,K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, on gastric pH and serum gastrin. Greski, PA; Hoyos, PA; Jennings, DE; Page, JG; Sanders, SW; Tolman, KG, 1992)	0.28
" To define a dosage regimen for clinical trials we compared the effect of pantoprazole 40 and 60 mg daily on 24-h intragastric acidity and plasma gastrin concentrations using a double-blind, randomized, cross-over design."	( Effects of oral pantoprazole on 24-hour intragastric acidity and plasma gastrin profiles. Broom, C; Hannan, A; Walt, RP; Weil, J, 1992)	0.28
" The present study indicates that 24-hour oesophageal pH monitoring is a practical approach to the determination of drug dosage in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux."	( Effect of different doses of omeprazole on 24-hour oesophageal acid exposure in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux. Allen, ML; Bradstreet, TE; Cagliola, AJ; Humphries, TJ; Maton, PN; McIntosh, D; Robinson, M, 1991)	0.57
" Six dogs were given cimetidine at dosage of 10 mg/kg orally every 8 hours, and 6 dogs were given omeprazole orally at dosage of 2 mumol/kg (0."	( Comparison of effects of cimetidine and omeprazole on mechanically created gastric ulceration and on aspirin-induced gastritis in dogs. Bright, RM; DeNovo, RC; Jenkins, CC; Patton, CS; Rohrbach, BW, 1991)	0.77
" This randomized, double-blind multicentre trial studied the dose-response relationship of lansoprazole on ulcer healing and compared it with ranitidine in 314 out-patients with endoscopically assessed, symptomatic duodenal ulcer."	( Dose-related healing of duodenal ulcer with the proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole. Barth, H; Dammann, HG; Hengels, KJ; Kleinert, R; Londong, W; Müller, P; Rohde, H; Simon, B, 1991)	0.28
"This study was performed to investigate the possible influence of repeated omeprazole dosing on the metabolism of caffeine, which has been shown to reflect the activity of one specific enzyme within the hepatic cytochrome P450 family, P450IA2."	( Omeprazole treatment does not affect the metabolism of caffeine. Andersson, T; Bergstrand, R; Cederberg, C; Eriksson, S; Lagerström, PO; Skånberg, I, 1991)	1.95
"We determined the effect of four times daily dosing with intravenous omeprazole on 24-h intragastric acidity, serum gastrin, and serum pepsinogen A and C in 10 fasting subjects (median age, 23."	( Repeated intravenous bolus injections of omeprazole: effects on 24-hour intragastric pH, serum gastrin, and serum pepsinogen A and C. Baak, LC; Biemond, I; Jansen, JB; Lamers, CB, 1991)	0.78
" Post-evening meal (PEM) dosing of H2-receptor antagonists appears to be a rational method of suppressing late evening gastric acidity, but on balance the symptomatic response of twice daily dosing is superior to once daily dosing."	( Reflux esophagitis. Nio, CY; Schotborgh, RH; Tytgat, GN, 1990)	0.28
" Omeprazole, which suppresses acid very effectively, may be problematic in the critically ill, limited by its oral dosage form, acid-labile properties, and potential drug interactions."	( Controlling gastric pH: the impact of newer agents on the critically ill patient. Earnest, DL, 1990)	1.19
"The magnitude and duration of changes in nocturnal intragastric acidity caused by 25 days of dosing with the antisecretory drugs ranitidine and omeprazole were investigated in a double-blind study of 22 healthy subjects."	( Nocturnal intragastric acidity during and after a period of dosing with either ranitidine or omeprazole. Hudson, M; Nwokolo, CU; Pounder, RE; Prewett, EJ; Sawyerr, AM, 1991)	0.7
" The dose of omeprazole required in individual patients ranged from 10 to 180 mg/24 hr with 20-60% requiring a split dosage regimen."	( Use of omeprazole in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Frucht, H; Jensen, RT; Maton, PN, 1991)	1.11
" Rats were orally dosed with 40 mumol/kg of omeprazole or placebo daily for two days prior to iron absorption studies."	( Inhibition of iron absorption by omeprazole in rat model. Adams, P; Flanagan, P; Golubov, J, 1991)	0.82
" dosage following the course of treatment."	( Oral bioavailability of omeprazole before and after chronic therapy in patients with duodenal ulcer. Angus, PW; Ching, MS; Devenish-Meares, S; Mihaly, GW; Morgan, DJ; Smallwood, RA; Yeomans, ND, 1991)	0.59
" Use of the insert achieved an earlier steady secretory response which allowed cumulative dosing to be performed in each animal."	( Use of a cannula insert in erratic emptying Heidenhain pouch dogs: effect of single and cumulative doses of omeprazole. Ghelani, A; Radziwonik, H, 1990)	0.49
"To determine the effect of three times daily dosing with intravenous omeprazole on intragastric acidity, 24 h intragastric pH was measured continuously with a monocrystalline antimony electrode system in II patients with inactive duodenal ulceration during fasting conditions."	( Intravenous omeprazole: effect of a loading dose on 24-h intragastric pH. Andersen, J; Leire, K; Naesdal, J; Ström, M; Walan, A, 1990)	0.89
" Blood was collected up to 120 hours after diazepam dosing (still during one-daily omeprazole and placebo administration) for measurement of diazepam and its major metabolite desmethyldiazepam."	( Effect of omeprazole treatment on diazepam plasma levels in slow versus normal rapid metabolizers of omeprazole. Andersson, T; Cederberg, C; Edvardsson, G; Heggelund, A; Lundborg, P, 1990)	0.91
" Bioavailability appears to be dose-dependent, with more drug being absorbed with increasing dosage as well as after repeated dosing."	( Omeprazole: a novel antisecretory agent for the treatment of acid-peptic disorders. Dukes, GE; Hak, LJ; Lampkin, TA; Ouellet, D, 1990)	1.72
"The effects of steady state dosing with omeprazole and cimetidine on plasma diazepam levels have been studied in 12 healthy males."	( Effect of omeprazole and cimetidine on plasma diazepam levels. Andersson, T; Andrén, K; Cederberg, C; Edvardsson, G; Heggelund, A; Lundborg, P, 1990)	0.95
" Omeprazole, a substituted benzimidazole inhibitor of the gastric H+/K(+)-APT-ase, was administered orally at a dose of 20 mg in the morning of 3 consecutive days, followed by a period of 4 days without medication, and this intermittent dosage regimen was continued for 4 weeks."	( Effect of intermittent administration of omeprazole on serum pepsinogens in duodenal ulcer patients and healthy volunteers. Biemond, I; Crobach, LF; Jansen, JB; Lamers, CB, 1990)	1.46
" tracer dose were unchanged on repeated dosing while AUC increased by approximately 40% for the solution and 60% for the EC granules."	( Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of omeprazole after single and repeated oral administration in healthy subjects. Andersson, T; Andrén, K; Cederberg, C; Lagerström, PO; Lundborg, P; Skånberg, I, 1990)	0.55
" During repeated once daily dosing with this formulation the degree of acid suppression increased over the first days after the start of treatment but stabilized within about 4 days."	( Effect of omeprazole on gastric acid secretion and plasma gastrin. Cederberg, C; Lind, T; Olausson, M; Olbe, L, 1989)	0.68
"To investigate the efficacy of standard and low dosage of omeprazole in the healing of duodenal ulcer, 270 patients with endoscopically active duodenal ulcer were randomized to receive omeprazole, 10 mg or 20 mg every morning, or ranitidine, 150 mg twice daily, using the double-dummy technique."	( Omeprazole and ranitidine in duodenal ulcer healing and subsequent relapse: a randomized double-blind study with weekly endoscopic assessment. Branicki, FJ; Hui, WM; Lai, CL; Lam, SK; Lau, WY; Lok, AS; Ng, MM; Poon, GP, 1989)	1.96
" Seven days' dosing with 60 mg AG-1749 induced a more than threefold increment of fasting serum gastrin concentration, but this increase was still within the normal range."	( Human gastric acid secretion following repeated doses of AG-1749. Dammann, HG; Leucht, U; Müller, P; Simon, B, 1989)	0.28
"8 mM Ca2+, the rate of glycogen breakdown was increased by theophylline in a dose-dependent manner and the dose-response curve was somewhat similar to that obtained with oxygen uptake."	( Ca2+ requirement for metabolic effects of secretagogues in the amphibian gastric mucosa. Chacín, J; Lobo, P; Subero, O, 1989)	0.28
" During dosing with omeprazole, basal gastric acid output diminished by 94%, and pentagastrin-stimulated acid output by 97%."	( Repeated high oral doses of omeprazole do not affect intrinsic factor secretion: proof of a selective mode of action. Den Hollander, W; Festen, HP; Meuwissen, SG; Tuynman, HA, 1989)	0.89
" Omeprazole caused a non-competitive inhibition of the dose-response curve to dimaprit, whereas famotidine induced a parallel shift to the right without depressing the maximum response."	( Antisecretory activity of omeprazole in the conscious gastric fistula cat: comparison with famotidine. Bertaccini, G; Coruzzi, G, )	1.34
" No changes in DNA synthesis, percentage of labelled nuclei and transaminase were detected when the agents were added to the hepatocytes in culture at concentrations within the effective pharmacological dosage and 30 times higher."	( Effect of cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine and omeprazole on hepatocyte proliferation in vitro. Amoruso, A; Barone, M; Di Leo, A; Francavilla, A; Ingrosso, M; Makowka, L; Panella, C; Polimeno, L; Starzl, TE, 1989)	0.53
" SK&F Wistar rats were dosed orally with omeprazole (up to 500 mg kg-1) or vehicle."	( Studies on the effects of omeprazole on thyroid function in the rat. Atterwill, CK; Brown, CG; Fowler, KL; Jones, CA, 1989)	0.84
" Dinnertime dosing of cimetidine appears to be a rational method of suppressing late-evening gastric acidity."	( Drug therapy of reflux oesophagitis: an update. Tytgat, GN, 1989)	0.28
" During repeated once-daily dosing with an enteric-coated granule capsule formulation, inhibition of acid secretion increased initially, and stabilized within about 4 days."	( Effect of omeprazole on gastric acid secretion and plasma gastrin in man. Cederberg, C; Lind, T; Olausson, M; Olbe, L, 1989)	0.68
" Bioavailability after a single dose is 35% and increases during repeated once-daily dosing to 60%."	( Omeprazole: pharmacokinetics and metabolism in man. Andersson, T; Cederberg, C; Skånberg, I, 1989)	1.72
" This gastrin-carcinoid sequence is unlikely to occur in man with an omeprazole dosage recommended for treatment of peptic diseases."	( Omeprazole: long-term safety. Arnold, R; Koop, H, 1989)	1.95
" For the choice of dosage regimens this has minor consequences, in view of the wide therapeutic range of omeprazole and because an almost continuous maximum effect is obtained with once daily oral administration of 20-40 mg."	( Omeprazole: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and interactions. Jonkman, JH; Oosterhuis, B, 1989)	1.93
" Omeprazole, in contrast, did not alter gastric emptying at a similar antisecretory dosage level."	( Effects of H2-receptor antagonists upon physiological acid secretory states in animals. Cook, PG; Mangel, AW; Pendleton, RG; Shepherd-Rose, A, 1985)	1.18
" The other five patients, who were free of complication, initially received a standard regimen of omeprazole 60 mg orally once a day; dosage was subsequently adjusted until the basal acid output, measured 1 hr before the next dose of the drug, was less than 10 mmol/hr."	( Effectiveness of omeprazole in seven patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome resistant to histamine H2-receptor antagonists. Bader, JP; Cortot, A; Delchier, JC; Goldfain, D; Isal, JP; Mignon, M; Soule, JC; Travers, B, 1986)	0.83
" Investigative studies showed evidence for marked and sustained hypergastrinemia increasing on chronic dosing which was capable of restoring gastric acid secretion and pH to near control values."	( Gastric ECL-cell hyperplasia and carcinoids in rodents following chronic administration of H2-antagonists SK&F 93479 and oxmetidine and omeprazole. Betton, GR; Buckley, P; Dormer, CS; Pert, P; Price, CA; Wells, T, 1988)	0.48
" Dosage was adjusted primarily on the basis of basal acid output, but also if symptoms recurred."	( Omeprazole in the treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: a 4-year international study. Lloyd-Davies, KA; Rutgersson, K; Sölvell, L, 1988)	1.72
"The effect of 7 days of oral dosing with 5 mg day-1 and 20 mg day-1 omeprazole on basal and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid output was studied in nine duodenal ulcer patients."	( Effect of low-dose omeprazole on gastric acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients. Crean, GP; McColl, KE; McLauchlan, G, 1988)	0.84
" The dose which inhibited 50% of the enzyme activity was 1 mg/kg from dose-response profiles obtained 3 h after the drug dosing."	( Irreversible inactivation of rat gastric (H+-K+)-ATPase in vivo by omeprazole. Blakeman, DP; Davis, JP; Im, WB, 1985)	0.51
" The 40-mg/day dosage produces endoscopic healing slightly more quickly than the 20-mg/day dosage, and the initial endoscopic gradings are of prognostic value."	( Healing and relapse of severe peptic esophagitis after treatment with omeprazole. Beveridge, BR; Dent, J; Gibson, GG; Hetzel, DJ; Laurence, BH; Mackinnon, M; McCarthy, JH; Mitchell, B; Narielvala, FM; Reed, WD, 1988)	0.51
"The pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, and dosage and administration of omeprazole are reviewed."	( Therapeutic evaluation of omeprazole. Adams, MH; Kirkwood, CF; Ostrosky, JD, 1988)	0.79
"The effect of intermittent dosage with omeprazole on basal and pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion and fasting plasma gastrin was assessed in eight duodenal ulcer subjects who were in remission."	( Effect of 'weekend therapy' with omeprazole on basal and stimulated acid secretion and fasting plasma gastrin in duodenal ulcer patients. Angus, PW; Brook, CW; Hewson, EG; Sewell, RB; Shulkes, A; Smallwood, RA; Yeomans, ND, 1988)	0.83
" Omeprazole in doses lower than 20 mg daily did not suppress pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion in all subjects 6 h after dosing on the 5th day."	( Relationship between reduction of gastric acid secretion and plasma gastrin concentration during omeprazole treatment. Cederberg, C; Forssell, H; Lind, T; Olausson, M; Olbe, L, 1988)	1.4
" Daily dosing at high dose levels results in virtually complete 24-hour inhibition of acid secretion in experimental animals."	( Pharmacology and toxicology of omeprazole--with special reference to the effects on the gastric mucosa. Carlsson, E; Larsson, H; Mattsson, H; Ryberg, B; Sundell, G, 1986)	0.56
" Comparative trials clearly demonstrated that omeprazole 20 to 40 mg administered once daily was significantly more effective than usual dosage regimens of cimetidine and ranitidine in healing duodenal ulcers during 2 to 4 weeks of treatment."	( Omeprazole. A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in peptic ulcer disease and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Campoli-Richards, DM; Clissold, SP, 1986)	1.97
" Rats were dosed orally for 4 days with the histamine H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine or the H+,K+-sensitive ATPase inhibitor omeprazole, and examined on day 5 for effects on gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin."	( Use of a five-day test to predict the long-term effects of gastric antisecretory agents on serum gastrin in rats. Katz, LB; Schoof, RA; Shriver, DA, 1987)	0.48
"This study was aimed to identify an intravenous dosage regime of omeprazole which would sufficiently suppress acid secretion to maintain intragastric pH greater than 4 continuously."	( Intravenous omeprazole: effect on 24-hour intragastric pH in duodenal ulcer patients. Lind, T; Moore, M; Olbe, L, 1986)	0.89
" The expected antisecretory effect of a particular dosage regimen in patients with duodenal ulcer can be predicted mathematically from data derived from studies in normal volunteers."	( Comparison of the effects of gastric antisecretory agents in healthy volunteers and patients with duodenal ulcer. Burget, DW; Howden, CW; Hunt, RH; Jones, DB, 1986)	0.27
" Achlorhydria, induced by omeprazole at a dosage of 250-500 times that required for effective acid inhibition in man and animals, therefore resulted in reciprocal changes in gastrin and somatostatin cells."	( Gastric regulatory peptides in rats with reduced acid secretion. Allen, JM; Bishop, AE; Bloom, SR; Carlsson, E; Daly, MJ; Larsson, H; Polak, JM, 1986)	0.57
" The quantity of gastric ulceration was inversely proportional to the omeprazole dosage with nearly complete prevention of ulceration at the highest dose."	( Effect of omeprazole on acute gastric stress ulceration in cervical cord transected rats. Hardy, KJ; MacLellan, DG; Shulkes, A, 1987)	0.91
" In the formulation of an oral dosage form of omeprazole the possibilities of dissolution rate limited absorption and preabsorption degradation must be kept in mind."	( Development of an oral formulation of omeprazole. Cederberg, C; Pilbrant, A, 1985)	0.8
" The effects of different dosage regimens of intravenous omeprazole was compared with placebo."	( Intravenous omeprazole rapidly raises intragastric pH. Hawkey, CJ; Kitchingman, G; Langman, MJ; Reynolds, JR; Smart, HL; Somerville, KW; Walt, RP, 1985)	0.89
" The peak acid output to pentagastrin measured 24 h after dosing was reduced by 54% on day 3 of the study and by 74% on day 14."	( Gastric acid secretion and duodenal ulcer healing during treatment with omeprazole. A Scandinavian Multicentre Study. , 1984)	0.5
" After four weeks the ulcer had healed in 41 of the 43 patients who completed the course of treatment; the proportions of patients whose ulcer healed were similar between the four dosage groups."	( Omeprazole in duodenal ulceration: acid inhibition, symptom relief, endoscopic healing, and recurrence. Cooperative study. , 1984)	1.71
" An oral daily dose of 15 mg omeprazole in humans produced about 80% acid inhibition just after dosage and about 40% 24 hours later."	( [Acid secretion inhibition with new mechanisms of action: substituted benzimidazole]. Carlsson, E; Cederberg, C; Helander, H; Lind, T; Olbe, L; Wallmark, B, 1984)	0.56
" From these results we conclude that, following endoscopic hemostasis of bleeding ulcers, Omeprazol has no advantage over Ranitidin using our dosage regimes."	( [Do proton pump inhibitors after endoscopic control of acute ulcer hemorrhage have an advantage over H2 receptor antagonists?]. Barnert, J; Fleischmann, R; Hendrich, H; Prassler, R; Richter, G; Wienbeck, M, 1995)	0.29
" In this model, duration of action studies showed that significant residual inhibition of acid secretion remained 8 hours after intravenous dosing with SK&F 97574 (producing peak inhibition of 92%)."	( Properties of the reversible, K(+)-competitive inhibitor of the gastric (H+/K+)-ATPase, SK&F 97574. II. Pharmacological properties. Ife, RJ; Leach, C; Parsons, ME; Pope, AJ; Postius, S; Rasmussen, TC; Rushant, B, 1995)	0.29
" Increasing concentrations of PD 136450 caused a monophasic dose-response curve in contrast to the well-known biphasic amylase release in response to CCK8."	( A new CCK-B/gastrin receptor antagonist acts as an agonist on the rat pancreas. Arnold, R; Eissele, R; Koop, H; Koop, I; Meyer, F; Mössner, J; Patberg, H; Richter, S, 1994)	0.29
" Lansoprazole granules contained in a standard capsule dosage formulation may be removed and placed directly into applesauce and administered to appropriate patients."	( Lansoprazole: an alternative method of administration of a capsule dosage formulation. Cavanaugh, JH; Chun, AH; Eason, CJ; Shi, HH, )	0.13
" The optimal dosage and duration of treatment need to be specified."	( Lansoprazole versus lansoprazole plus amoxicillin treatment for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric ulcer. Fujita, N; Hisano, K; Kobayashi, T; Kurokawa, I; Ochiai, T; Sugiyama, T; Yabana, T; Yachi, A, 1995)	0.29
"To compare pantoprazole 40 mg with omeprazole 20 mg as once daily dosing in the treatment of reflux oesophagitis (grades II and III)."	( A double-blind study of pantoprazole and omeprazole in the treatment of reflux oesophagitis: a multicentre trial. Herz, R; Hölscher, AH; Mössner, J; Schneider, A, 1995)	0.83
" HP was eradicated by combined treatment with high-dose omeprazole (2 x 40 mg) and amoxicillin (2 x 1,000 mg; n = 27) administered for 10 days (OME + AMX); alternatively, patients were treated with omeprazole monotherapy (OME) using the same dosage (n = 25)."	( Two-year follow-up of duodenal ulcer patients treated with omeprazole and amoxicillin. Bayerdörffer, E; Dirschedl, P; Hatz, R; Höchter, W; Lehn, N; Mannes, GA; Miehlke, S; Ruckdeschel, G; Sommer, A; Weingart, J, 1995)	0.78
" When lansoprazole was used in dual therapy with amoxicillin, pooled data from four trials employing various dosage schedules showed Hp eradication in 38."	( Adjuvant therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: role of lansoprazole in clinical studies. Lamouliatte, H, 1995)	0.29
" Considerably more work, however, is required to identify the ideal dosage and combination that will give the best eradication rates with the simplest regimen and fewest side effects."	( The potential value of lansoprazole in Helicobacter pylori eradication. Axon, AT, 1995)	0.29
" These results indicate that lansoprazole at a dosage of 30 mg once daily in the morning produced the most potent inhibition of acid secretion in young Japanese volunteers, compared with famotidine 20 mg twice daily and omeprazole 20 mg once in the morning."	( Evaluation of the effect of lansoprazole in suppressing acid secretion using 24-hour intragastric pH monitoring. Asaka, M; Hokari, K; Takeda, H, 1995)	0.48
" The inhibitory effect of omeprazole on pepsinogen secretion and its effect on the mRNA level showed similar dose-response relationship, suggesting that pepsinogen secretion and the gene expression are regulated coordinately."	( Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, reduces the secretion, synthesis and gene expression of pepsinogen in the rat stomach. Ichinose, M; Kakei, N; Kurokawa, K; Matsushima, M; Miki, K; Takahashi, K; Tatematsu, M; Tezuka, N; Tsukada, S; Yahagi, N, 1993)	2.03
" The drug dosage can be reduced, freeing the patient of the adverse reaction, but leaving behind a background activity adequate to produce a therapeutically beneficial effect."	( A comparative overview of the adverse effects of antiulcer drugs. Piper, DW, 1995)	0.29
" No appreciable change in drug pharmacokinetics was observed during repeated oral dosing of E3810."	( Pharmacokinetic properties of E3810, a new proton pump inhibitor, in healthy male volunteers. Hasegawa, J; Morishita, N; Nakai, H; Ogawa, T; Ohnishi, A; Shimamura, Y; Tomono, Y; Yasuda, S, 1994)	0.29
"The aim of this study was to identify dosage regimens using intravenous omeprazole and ranitidine that would elevate and consistently maintain intragastric pH > 6 in the first 24 hr of therapy."	( Effect of repeated boluses of intravenous omeprazole and primed infusions of ranitidine on 24-hour intragastric pH in healthy human subjects. Chari, ST; Scheid, J; Singer, MV; Teyssen, S, 1995)	0.79
" We aimed to see whether the intragastric distribution and gastric retention of a therapeutic agent could be improved, either by giving omeprazole or by dosing after a meal."	( Scintigraphic assessment of the intragastric distribution and gastric emptying of an encapsulated drug: the effect of feeding and of a proton pump inhibitor. Atherton, JC; Bracewell, MA; Greaves, JL; Hawkey, CJ; Perkins, AC; Spiller, RC; Sutton, LJ; Washington, N, 1994)	0.49
" Post-prandial dosing may, therefore, be useful for improving delivery of some anti-Helicobacter agents."	( Scintigraphic assessment of the intragastric distribution and gastric emptying of an encapsulated drug: the effect of feeding and of a proton pump inhibitor. Atherton, JC; Bracewell, MA; Greaves, JL; Hawkey, CJ; Perkins, AC; Spiller, RC; Sutton, LJ; Washington, N, 1994)	0.29
" Amoxycillin dosing was randomised to either 1 h before or 10 min after food."	( Amoxycillin capsules with omeprazole for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Assessment of the importance of antibiotic dose timing in relation to meals. Atherton, JC; Hawkey, CK; Hudson, N; Kirk, GE; Spiller, RC, 1994)	0.59
"Nine patients with non-resected gastrinoma(s) an previously well controlled by omeprazole (mean dosage 75 +/- 12."	( [Comparative efficacy of lansoprazole and omeprazole on the intragastric pH measured over a period of 24 hours and on the basal]. Cadiot, G; Forestier, S; Joubert-Collin, M; Mignon, M; Paul, G; Ramdani, A; Ruszniewski, P; Vallot, T, 1994)	0.78
" Moreover, the inhibitory effect of YM-14471 was more prolonged than those of famotidine and cimetidine by either route, and it was as long as that of omeprazole dosed orally."	( Antisecretory effects of a novel and long-lasting histamine H2-receptor antagonist, YM-14471, in rats and dogs. Fujihara, A; Kamato, T; Miyata, K; Nishida, A; Takeda, M; Yuki, H, 1993)	0.48
" Cytochrome P-450 1A2 activity was monitored by means of the 13C-[N3-methyl]caffeine breath test and by means of plasma caffeine clearance before omeprazole treatment with 120 mg/day, on the seventh day of dosage and after a 7-day washout."	( Specific and dose-dependent enzyme induction by omeprazole in human beings. Brösicke, H; Heinemeyer, G; Roots, I; Rost, KL, 1994)	0.74
" The YM022 dosage required in this model was much greater than that required in the inhibition of gastric acid."	( YM022 [(R)-1-[2,3-dihydro-1-(2'-methylphenacyl)-2-oxo-5-phenyl- 1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-3-yl]-3-(3-methylphenyl)urea], a potent and selective gastrin/cholecystokinin-B receptor antagonist, prevents gastric and duodenal lesions in rats. Akuzawa, S; Ito, H; Kamato, T; Kobayashi, A; Miyata, K; Nagakura, Y; Nishida, A; Takinami, Y; Yamano, M; Yuki, H, 1994)	0.29
" Moreover, if omeprazole is administered at a pharmacologically effective dosage for a short period of time, it may not have serious effects on the ultrastructure of human parietal cells."	( The effects of omeprazole on the ultrastructure of gastric parietal cells. Fujii, T; Kato, S; Naganuma, H; Nakagawa, H; Nakano, K, 1994)	1
", in the dosage used and in a selected group of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, is similar."	( [The treatment of upper digestive hemorrhage of peptic origin: intravenous ranitidine versus intravenous omeprazole]. Blasco Colmenarejo, MM; Cabot Lozano, A; Caneiro Alcubilla, E; García Molinero, MJ; García-Rayo Somoza, M; Herrero Quirós, C; Pérez Flores, R, 1994)	0.5
" Antipyrine plasma concentrations were measured without pantoprazole (day 1), on the last day of chronic dosing with pantoprazole (day 12) and 48 hours after the last dose of pantoprazole (day 14) to differentiate between inhibition and induction, respectively."	( Pantoprazole lacks interaction with antipyrine in man, either by inhibition or induction. Bliesath, H; De Mey, C; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Meineke, I; Steinijans, VW; Wurst, W, 1994)	0.29
"High-dose once daily oral omeprazole dosing can inhibit acid secretion almost completely but several days elapse before maximum efficacy is established."	( Comparison of acid inhibition by either oral high-dose ranitidine or omeprazole. Abbühl, B; Halter, F; Hurlimann, S; Inauen, W, 1994)	0.82
" Twenty-eight healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to a 2-week dosing with omeprazole or ranitidine in a double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study design."	( Comparison of acid inhibition by either oral high-dose ranitidine or omeprazole. Abbühl, B; Halter, F; Hurlimann, S; Inauen, W, 1994)	0.75
" Prolonged high-dose histamine H2-receptor dosing compromises the feedback mechanism regulating gastrin release, whilst this is maintained during dosing with omeprazole."	( Comparison of acid inhibition by either oral high-dose ranitidine or omeprazole. Abbühl, B; Halter, F; Hurlimann, S; Inauen, W, 1994)	0.72
" It is concluded that at the dosage used omeprazole does not increase the rate of oxidative and conjugative reactions involved in the metabolism of phenacetin and paracetamol respectively."	( Omeprazole does not enhance the metabolism of phenacetin, a marker of CYP1A2 activity, in healthy volunteers. Bartoli, A; Cipolla, G; Crema, F; Gatti, G; Perucca, E; Xiaodong, S, 1994)	2
" The durations of action of cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine are similar to the dosage intervals usually chosen (6, 8, and 12 hours, respectively)."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of acid-suppressive agents in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Goss, TF; Schentag, JJ, 1993)	0.29
" Tests of gastric acidity, in particular 24-h acidity studies, have provided considerable insight into normal and abnormal gastric physiology, and have largely determined the dosing regimens for the management of acid-peptic diseases."	( Gastric acid secretion and intragastric acidity: measurement in health and disease. Fraser, AG; Pounder, RE, 1993)	0.29
" Moderate hypergastrinaemia occurs in some patients, especially if an omeprazole dosage of 40 mg/day is needed."	( Risk-benefit assessment of omeprazole in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Creutzfeldt, W, 1994)	0.82
" A strong dose-response relation was present among cimetidine users."	( Risk of gynaecomastia associated with cimetidine, omeprazole, and other antiulcer drugs. García Rodríguez, LA; Jick, H, 1994)	0.54
" The area under the concentration curve (AUC) was not affected by dosing over 7 years and was in good agreement with the AUC in humans given a dose of 20 mg omeprazole daily."	( Effect of 7 years' daily oral administration of omeprazole to beagle dogs. Forssell, H; Havu, N; Mattsson, H; Säfholm, C; Sundell, G, 1994)	0.74
" Our group first performed a dose-response analysis of the efficacy of lansoprazole in reducing basal acid output (BAO) in four patients with severe Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (mean BAO 52 +/- 9 [SD] mmol H+/h) who had previously been treated with a mean omeprazole dosage of 75 mg/day."	( Treatment of patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Forestier, S; Mignon, M; Pospai, D; Vallot, T; Vatier, J, 1993)	0.47
" (3) Group C, after healing of DU, 54 patients received a maintenance dosage of cimetidine 400 at night for up to 1 year."	( [Study on omeprazole 20 mg twice weekly in prevention of duodenal ulcer relapse]. Bei, L; Chen, SP; Wen, SH, 1993)	0.69
" Gastric pH and dosing requirements were compared."	( Do continuous infusions of omeprazole and ranitidine retain their effect with prolonged dosing? Merki, HS; Wilder-Smith, CH, 1994)	0.59
", demonstrating the existence of a dose-response relationship for omeprazole."	( Does 40 mg omeprazole daily offer additional benefit over 20 mg daily in patients requiring more than 4 weeks of treatment for symptomatic reflux oesophagitis? Bate, CM; Booth, SN; Crowe, JP; Hepworth-Jones, B; Richardson, PD; Taylor, MD, 1993)	0.91
" H2-receptors blocking drugs or gastric acidity buffers were withdrawn for 2 weeks, then omeprazole was administered for 4 weeks at a daily dosage of 20 mg."	( Effects of omeprazole therapy on peptic disease and serum gastrin levels in hemodialysis patients. A preliminary study. Di Maggio, A; Franceschi, M; Loperfido, A; Montemurro, NE; Scatizzi, A, 1993)	0.9
" The animals were killed at the end of the dosing period, and the stomach was removed and weighed."	( Effects of hydrochloric acid on the development of enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell hyperplasia in the rat stomach induced by omeprazole. Fujihira, S; Fujii, T; Matsuo, M; Oishi, Y; Tomoi, M, 1993)	0.49
" A repeated dosing study would be necessary to evaluate the repercussions of the possible accumulation in cirrhotic patients."	( Pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole in patients with renal or liver disease of varying severity. Delhotal-Landes, B; Dellatolas, F; Duchier, J; Flouvat, B; Lemaire, M; Molinie, P, 1993)	0.29
" A standardized dosage of cyclosporine was given orally, and the duration was calculated for the maximum whole blood level of cyclosporine to be achieved; the dosage/level quotient was calculated."	( The influence of gastrointestinal agents on resorption and metabolism of cyclosporine after heart transplantation: experimental and clinical results. Markewitz, A; Meiser, BM; Muschiol, F; Nollert, G; Pfeiffer, M; Reichart, B; Reichenspurner, H; Uberfuhr, P; Wagner, F, )	0.13
" No differences in cell cycle distribution of the antrum, body, and fundus were found in the two different dosage groups after 1 month of therapy, considering the synthetic phase (S-phase) of the cell cycle."	( Effect of short- and long-term treatment with omeprazole on cell cycle distribution in the gastric mucosa. Results of a flow cytometric study. Bertolissi, E; Bortoluzzi, F; Cannizzaro, R; Cernigoi, C; Fornasarig, M; Sozzi, M; Toffoli, G; Valentini, M, 1993)	0.54
" From these data, we conclude that personalized maintenance therapy with omeprazole is the most cost-effective: a dosage of 20 mg/day is extremely effective in maintaining remission, and is therefore most indicated in patients at risk; omeprazole 20 mg/day every-other-day affords better compliance, lower costs and fewer relapses with respect to standard H2-antagonist dosages."	( [Evaluation of the cost of maintenance therapy (6 months) with 150 mg ranitidine vs 20 mg omeprazole vs 20 mg omeprazole every other day in duodenal ulcer]. Battaglia, G; Chiozzini, G; De Bona, M; De Boni, M; Di Mario, F; Grasso, GA; Pasquino, M; Saggioro, A; Vianello, F, 1993)	0.74
" A dose-response curve for omeprazole induction at 24 hr was determined and the EC50 for omeprazole induction of the human CYP1A1 gene was estimated to be 100 microM."	( Nuclear uptake of the Ah (dioxin) receptor in response to omeprazole: transcriptional activation of the human CYP1A1 gene. Quattrochi, LC; Tukey, RH, 1993)	0.83
" Because it has a long duration of action, lansoprazole can be used to control gastric acid hypersecretion in most patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome using a once daily dosing schedule."	( Prospective study of efficacy and safety of lansoprazole in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Feigenbaum, K; Gardner, JD; Jensen, RT; Koviack, PD; Maton, PN; Metz, DC; Pisegna, JR; Ringham, GL, 1993)	0.29
" The prolonged inhibition of gastric acid secretion allows for once-daily dosing in patients with peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux, and once- or twice-daily dosing in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome."	( Omeprazole: a comprehensive review. Destache, CJ; Massoomi, F; Savage, J, )	1.57
"05) was seen during repeated dosing with 40 mg intravenously, while no significant change occurred with the two other doses."	( Effect of once daily intravenous and oral omeprazole on 24-hour intragastric acidity in healthy subjects. Cederberg, C; Lundborg, P; Olbe, L; Röhss, K, 1993)	0.55
" Our results indicate that the omeprazole dosage to be used in the treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome must be chosen principally on the basis of basal acid secretion determination."	( Efficacy of long-term therapy with low doses of omeprazole in the control of gastric acid secretion in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome patients. Annibale, B; Cassetta, MR; Corleto, V; D'Ambra, G; Delle Fave, G; Ferrua, B; Saggioro, A, 1993)	0.83
"Seven days of dosing with either 30 mg or 60 mg of lansoprazole were compared with placebo in a double-blind, randomized, three-way cross-over study in 12 male healthy volunteers."	( The effects of lansoprazole, 30 or 60 mg daily, on intragastric pH and on endocrine function in healthy volunteers. Balks, HJ; Damaschke, A; Dammann, HG; Fuchs, W; Hennig, U; Schwarz, JA; Steinhoff, J; von zur Mühlen, A, 1993)	0.29
" Among the various lansoprazole dosage regimens that have been tested, 30 mg daily for 4 weeks appears to be the optimal regimen to relieve pain rapidly and to heal ulceration in up to 90-95% of patients."	( Acute treatment of duodenal ulcer: experience with lansoprazole. Mignon, M; Vallot, T, 1993)	0.29
" For patients refractory to these drugs or for which once-a-day dosing is desirable, omeprazole has an advantage."	( Antiulcer therapy. Papich, MG, 1993)	0.51
" Multiple blood and dialysate samples were collected after dosing and were assayed for lansoprazole and metabolite content via high-performance liquid chromatography."	( Pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole in hemodialysis patients. Cavanaugh, JM; Karol, MD; Machinist, JM, 1995)	0.29
" Another group of 17 patients with Barrett's oesophagus was treated with an H2-receptor antagonist in standard dosage for 12-36 (mean 23) months."	( Long term continuous omeprazole treatment of patients with Barrett's oesophagus. Cooper, BT; Iqbal, TH; Neumann, CS, 1995)	0.61
" The omeprazole metabolic ratio may serve the double purpose of phenotyping for CYP2C19 and to individualize dosing in omeprazole-treated patients."	( Phenocopies of poor metabolizers of omeprazole caused by liver disease and drug treatment. Brockmöller, J; Esdorn, F; Roots, I; Rost, KL, 1995)	1.08
" These observations suggest that a large dosage of OMP suppresses liver regeneration, while FAM appears to have no meaningful effect on regeneration."	( The liver regenerative response elicited by antisecretory agents in partially hepatectomized rats: a comparison between omeprazole and famotidine. Aono, T, 1995)	0.5
"We estimated fasting and peptone meal stimulated plasma gastrin in nine patients (seven female) with pernicious anaemia and achlorhydria, before and on the final day of 4 weeks' dosing with omeprazole 40 mg daily."	( Effect of omeprazole and feeding on plasma gastrin in patients with achlorhydria. Ardill, JE; Banerjee, S; Beattie, AD; McColl, KE, 1995)	0.88
"4% in the lansoprazole 15, 30 and 60 mg dosage groups, respectively, and 25."	( A comparison of three doses of lansoprazole (15, 30 and 60 mg) and placebo in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. The Lansoprazole Study Group. Avner, DL; Dorsch, ER; Greski-Rose, PA; Jennings, DE, 1995)	0.29
" Theophylline area under the plasma concentration-versus-time curve over the 6-h dosing interval decreased slightly (13%) but statistically significantly during lansoprazole coadministration."	( Pharmacokinetic interaction between lansoprazole and theophylline. Cavanaugh, JH; Granneman, GR; Karol, MD; Locke, CS, 1995)	0.29
"This review provides an updated overview on Helicobacter pylori (HP) trials, focusing on drug dosage and cost:benefit ratio."	( The influence of drug dosage on Helicobacter pylori eradication: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Treiber, G, 1996)	0.29
" Dosage adjustment is not necessary in patients with impaired renal or hepatic function or in the elderly."	( Comparative role of omeprazole in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Hara, DS; Joe, RH; Skoutakis, VA, 1995)	0.61
" These drawbacks have thus stimulated research aimed at identifying better drug combinations, with a simpler dosage for a shorter period, fewer side-effects, and greater and more consistent efficacy."	( Eradication of Helicobacter pylori: omeprazole in combination with antibiotics. Axon, AT; Moayyedi, P, 1996)	0.57
"The pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, and dosage and administration of lansoprazole and omeprazole are reviewed."	( Lansoprazole and omeprazole in the treatment of acid peptic disorders. Blum, RA, 1996)	0.85
"Sixteen healthy male subjects underwent two dosing periods."	( Twenty-four-hour intragastric pH profiles and pharmacokinetics following single and repeated oral administration of the proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole in comparison to omeprazole. Bliesath, H; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Lücker, PW; Lühmann, R; Theiss, U; Wurst, W, 1996)	0.49
" On the sixth day of dosing they underwent 24-h gastric pH-metry."	( The effects of omeprazole 20 and 40 mg twice daily on intragastric acidity in duodenal ulcer patients. Celle, G; Mansi, C; Mela, GS; Mele, MR; Savarino, V; Vigneri, S; Zentilin, P, 1996)	0.65
" Both dosing schedules were well tolerated and the patients experienced remarkable symptom relief."	( Efficacy and tolerability of pantoprazole 40 mg versus 80 mg in patients with reflux oesophagitis. Bethke, TD; Botha, JF; Cariem, AK; Eloff, FP; Grundling, HD; Honiball, PJ; Marks, IN; Segal, I; Simjee, AE; Spies, SK; Theron, I; van Rensburg, CJ; van Zyl, JH, 1996)	0.29
"The 40 mg pantoprazole dosage is comparable to 80 mg in reflux oesophagitis, both in efficacy and tolerability."	( Efficacy and tolerability of pantoprazole 40 mg versus 80 mg in patients with reflux oesophagitis. Bethke, TD; Botha, JF; Cariem, AK; Eloff, FP; Grundling, HD; Honiball, PJ; Marks, IN; Segal, I; Simjee, AE; Spies, SK; Theron, I; van Rensburg, CJ; van Zyl, JH, 1996)	0.29
" Antipyrine plasma concentrations were measured without pantoprazole (day 1), on the last day of chronic dosing with pantoprazole (day 12) and 48 hours after the last dose of pantoprazole (day 14) to differentiate between inhibition and induction, respectively."	( Pantoprazole lacks interaction with antipyrine in man, either by inhibition or induction. Bliesath, H; De Mey, C; Hartmann, M; Huber, R; Meineke, I; Steinijans, VW; Wurst, W, 1996)	0.29
"To test our standard dosing regimen in omeprazole treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and to determine whether 'non-responders' could be pinpointed."	( Monitoring of omeprazole treatment in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aggestrup, S; Hage, E; Hendel, J; Hendel, L; Nielsen, OH, 1996)	0.92
"A reverse dose-response examination using increasing doses of omeprazole."	( Monitoring of omeprazole treatment in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aggestrup, S; Hage, E; Hendel, J; Hendel, L; Nielsen, OH, 1996)	0.9
" Gastric pH profiles showed a high inter-individual variation; paired statistics, however, revealed a significant impact of dosage timing on the gastric pH profile."	( Morning or evening dosage of omeprazole for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease? Aggestrup, S; Hendel, J; Hendel, L, 1995)	0.58
"The timing of a 40 mg omeprazole dosage regimen has a clinically significant impact on the 24-h pH profile, and that--by relating to the patient 24-hour oesophageal pH-metry in combination with the patient symptomatology--the timing of this dosage is highly important for therapeutic efficacy."	( Morning or evening dosage of omeprazole for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease? Aggestrup, S; Hendel, J; Hendel, L, 1995)	0.9
"Morning dosing is usually recommended with proton pump inhibitors, but there are few data from 24-h intragastric acidity studies comparing times of dosing."	( Morning versus evening dosing of lansoprazole 30 mg daily on twenty-four-hour intragastric acidity in healthy subjects. Fraser, AG; Hudson, M; Pounder, RE; Sawyerr, AM; Smith, MS, 1996)	0.29
"A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed on the seventh day of dosing to compare the effects of lansoprazole 30 mg given either in the morning or evening on 24-h intragastric acidity in 32 healthy volunteers."	( Morning versus evening dosing of lansoprazole 30 mg daily on twenty-four-hour intragastric acidity in healthy subjects. Fraser, AG; Hudson, M; Pounder, RE; Sawyerr, AM; Smith, MS, 1996)	0.29
"The median integrated 24-h intragastric acidity on the seventh day of morning dosing with lansoprazole 30 mg was decreased to 36% of the placebo value, compared with 42% for evening dosing."	( Morning versus evening dosing of lansoprazole 30 mg daily on twenty-four-hour intragastric acidity in healthy subjects. Fraser, AG; Hudson, M; Pounder, RE; Sawyerr, AM; Smith, MS, 1996)	0.29
"These data favour morning dosing of lansoprazole 30 mg for routine use, but patients with mainly nocturnal symptoms may be best treated by evening dosing."	( Morning versus evening dosing of lansoprazole 30 mg daily on twenty-four-hour intragastric acidity in healthy subjects. Fraser, AG; Hudson, M; Pounder, RE; Sawyerr, AM; Smith, MS, 1996)	0.29
" Large comparative studies will be needed to define the optimal duration, dose and dosing interval if this combination of drugs is to become competitive."	( One-week triple therapy with omeprazole, amoxycillin and clarithromycin for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. el-Zimaity, HM; Genta, RM; Graham, DY; Yousfi, MM, 1996)	0.59
" Post-prandial dosing with antibiotics prolongs their gastric residence time and improves their intragastric distribution, leading to improved local delivery compared with pre-prandial dosing."	( Enhanced eradication of Helicobacter pylori by pre- versus post-prandial amoxycillin suspension with omeprazole: implications for antibiotic delivery. Atherton, JC; Cullen, DJ; Hawkey, CJ; Kirk, GE; Spiller, RC, 1996)	0.51
"Rats were dosed with famotidine, omeprazole, or buffer control for 4 weeks."	( The effects of omeprazole and famotidine on mucin and PGE2 release in the rat stomach. Boland, CR; Delbarre, SG; Kraus, E; Yoshimura, K, 1996)	0.93
" Total glycoprotein synthesis was inhibited at all times by omeprazole, but only after the cessation of dosing with famotidine."	( The effects of omeprazole and famotidine on mucin and PGE2 release in the rat stomach. Boland, CR; Delbarre, SG; Kraus, E; Yoshimura, K, 1996)	0.89
" Although the administration of omeprazole suspension buffered by NaHCO3 solution did not produce a significant increase in the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) value compared with non-buffered group, the administration of NaHCO3 buffer immediately after dosing of omeprazole suspension buffered by NaHCO3 caused a significant increase in the AUC value."	( Pharmacokinetic evaluation of omeprazole suspension following oral administration in rats: effect of neutralization of gastric acid. Eto, K; Furuno, K; Gomita, Y; Kawasaki, H; Matsuka, N; Watanabe, K, 1996)	0.87
"5 mg) to fine-titrate the dosage to obtain optimal antihypertensive effects with minimal adverse effects."	( Higher AUCs on oral administration of omeprazole and felodipine in Indian volunteers--are they clinically important? Gowrishankar, R; Joseph, T, 1996)	0.57
"The time to maximum inhibition of gastric acidity resulting from repeated oral dosing with lansoprazole 30 mg daily for 7 days was studied in nine healthy male volunteers."	( Time to maximum effect of lansoprazole on gastric pH in normal male volunteers. Bell, NJ; Hunt, RH, 1996)	0.29
"Twenty-four hour intragastric pH monitoring was performed before treatment and on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 of dosing with lansoprazole."	( Time to maximum effect of lansoprazole on gastric pH in normal male volunteers. Bell, NJ; Hunt, RH, 1996)	0.29
" Ambulatory 24-h intragastric pH levels were measured before dosing, after the first and fifth doses in each period, and 15 days after each dosing period."	( The effects of oral doses of lansoprazole and omeprazole on gastric pH. Buchi, KN; Jennings, DE; Karol, MD; Ringham, GL; Sanders, SW; Tolman, KG, 1997)	0.56
" A dosage of 30 mg/day produced higher healing rates and equivalent or faster relief of ulcer symptoms than ranitidine or famotidine in patients with duodenal or gastric ulcers and reflux esophagitis."	( Lansoprazole: a comprehensive review. Katona, BG; Zimmermann, AE, )	0.13
" After 3 and 5 days of dosing the decreases were 53% and 48% with 15 mg lansoprazole, 82% and 82% with 30 mg lansoprazole, 43% and 39% with 20 mg omeprazole, and 76% and 83% with 40 mg omeprazole."	( Lansoprazole versus omeprazole: influence on meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion. Burkhardt, F; Dammann, HG; Fuchs, W; Richter, G; Walter, TA; Wolf, N, 1997)	0.82
"These results show that after healing of erosive oesophagitis with 4-8 weeks of omeprazole, relapse of oesophagitis and recurrence of reflux symptoms can be prevented in 70% of patients with a maintenance regimen of 20 mg daily, but that intermittent dosing comprising 3 consecutive days each week significantly compromises efficacy."	( Daily omeprazole surpasses intermittent dosing in preventing relapse of oesophagitis: a US multi-centre double-blind study. Behar, J; Berman, R; Dayal, Y; Hirschowitz, BI; Kranz, KR; Peterson, WL; Robinson, M; Roufail, W; Sabesin, SM; Simon, TJ; Sontag, SJ; Tarnawski, A; Wu, WC, 1997)	1
" Via the gastrostomy, they then received 7 days of dosing with 20 mg omeprazole as intact granules in orange juice."	( Nonencapsulated, intact omeprazole granules effectively suppress intragastric acidity when administered via a gastrostomy. Heinzelmann, EJ; Howden, CW; Sharma, VK; Steinberg, EN; Vasudeva, R, 1997)	0.84
" In children, data on its use are limited, and problems about the dosage are unresolved."	( Omeprazole for severe reflux esophagitis in children. Bawa, P; De Giacomo, C; Fiocca, R; Franceschi, M; Luinetti, O, 1997)	1.74
"Individual data from 1154 patients included in five independently conducted, randomized, long-term clinical trials of the efficacy of different dosage regimens of omeprazole, standard ranitidine treatment and placebo for the prevention of relapse of oesophagitis were pooled for this meta-analysis."	( Prognostic factors influencing relapse of oesophagitis during maintenance therapy with antisecretory drugs: a meta-analysis of long-term omeprazole trials. Carlsson, R; Dent, J; Frison, L; Galmiche, JP; Lundell, L, 1997)	0.7
" Thus, a true dose-response relationship exists between omeprazole and treatment success."	( Doubling the omeprazole dose (40 mg b.d. vs. 20 mg b.d.) in dual therapy with amoxycillin increases the cure rate of Helicobacter pylori infection in duodenal ulcer patients. Beker, JA; Dekker, CP; Farley, A; Jönsson, A; Klör, HU; Labenz, J, 1997)	0.91
" Increases in median pH over 24 h were observed in all subjects with both dosage regimens."	( Morning and evening administration of pantoprazole: a study to compare the effect on 24-hour intragastric pH. Lühmann, R; Müssig, S; Schneider, A; Witzel, L, 1997)	0.3
"The study supports the recommendation of a once-daily morning dosage regimen of pantoprazole 40 mg in the treatment of acid-related diseases."	( Morning and evening administration of pantoprazole: a study to compare the effect on 24-hour intragastric pH. Lühmann, R; Müssig, S; Schneider, A; Witzel, L, 1997)	0.3
"To evaluate the effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole and hydroxymetronidazole in plasma, gastric juice and saliva following intravenous infusion or oral dosing of metronidazole."	( The effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole and hydroxymetronidazole in human plasma, saliva and gastric juice. Barrett, DA; Goddard, AF; Jessa, MJ; Shaw, PN; Spiller, RC, 1997)	0.96
"This study examined the dose-response effects of the new proton-pump inhibitor rabeprazole on oesophageal and gastric pH in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease."	( Effects of oral rabeprazole on oesophageal and gastric pH in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Greenwood, B; Humphries, TJ; Maton, PN; Robinson, M; Rodriguez, S, 1997)	0.3
" A dosage was considered effective if reflux time was reduced to < 6%, a number which has been our internal laboratory reference."	( Effects of oral rabeprazole on oesophageal and gastric pH in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Greenwood, B; Humphries, TJ; Maton, PN; Robinson, M; Rodriguez, S, 1997)	0.3
" Ambulatory 24-hour intragastric pH values were monitored in each subject at baseline (2 days before crossover period 1) and again before dosing on day 5 of each of the four crossover treatment periods."	( The comparative effects of lansoprazole, omeprazole, and ranitidine in suppressing gastric acid secretion. Blum, RA; Greski-Rose, PA; Hunt, RH; Karol, MD; Shi, H, )	0.4
" It produced a rightward shift of the gastrin dose-response curve, consistent with competitive inhibition."	( Evaluation of three novel cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor antagonists: a study of their effects on rat stomach enterochromaffin-like cell activity. Ding, XQ; Håkanson, R; Lindström, E, 1997)	0.3
"Clarithromycin, a new acid stable macrolide antibiotic with proven efficacy against Helicobacter pylori, has been widely incorporated into eradication regimens but its optimal dosage schedule remains controversial."	( One week triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori: does high-dose clarithromycin confer additional benefit? Bhutta, AS; Bindel, H; Cunnane, K; Loane, J; O'Connor, HJ, 1997)	0.3
" pylori infection and to establish the adequate dosage of a new triple therapy for Japanese patients."	( The efficacy and safety of one-week triple therapy with lansoprazole, clarithromycin, and metronidazole for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japanese patients. Ido, K; Kihira, K; Kimura, K; Saifuku, K; Satoh, K; Seki, M; Takimoto, T; Taniguchi, Y; Yoshida, Y, 1997)	0.3
"This study compared the 24 h intragastric pH profile and bioavailability at repeated dosing conditions of the omeprazole 20 mg enteric-coated tablet versus the 20 mg capsule."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics during treatment with the omeprazole 20 mg enteric-coated tablet and 20 mg capsule in asymptomatic duodenal ulcer patients. Kirdeikis, P; Lastiwka, R; Olofsson, B; Röhss, K; Sinclair, P; Thomson, AB, )	0.58
"05), confirming a dose-response effect."	( A placebo-controlled dose-ranging study of lansoprazole in the management of reflux esophagitis. Dorsch, E; Earnest, DL; Greski-Rose, PA; Jennings, DE; Jones, J, 1998)	0.3
" It seems that twice daily omeprazole is no better than single daily dosage and that ornidazole is as effective as metronidazole."	( One-week therapy with omeprazole, clarithromycin and metronidazole or ornidazole, followed by 3 weeks' treatment with omeprazole, eradicates Helicobacter pylori equally and heals duodenal ulcer. Archimandritis, A; Balatsos, V; Davaris, P; Delis, V; Kanellopoulou, E; Manika, Z; Skandalis, N; Souyioultzis, S; Tzivras, M, 1997)	0.91
"On a randomly selected day the clinical charts of 3685 inpatients were reviewed by a gastroenterologist and data were collected concerning the drug used, its dosage and indications for the prescription."	( Are we correctly using the inhibitors of gastric acid secretion and cytoprotective drugs? Results of a multicentre study. Comin, U; Cortelezzi, C; Curzio, M; Ferrara, A; Ferraris, L; Gullotta, R; Minoli, G; Prada, A; Rocca, F, 1997)	0.3
" A major part of this sum was spent for patients who needed to increase the initial 20 mg dosage of Omeprazol within 5 years."	( [Laparoscopic interventions in gastroesophageal reflux--a cost-benefit analysis]. Freys, SM; Fuchs, KH; Heimbucher, J; Thiede, A; Tigges, H, 1997)	0.3
" pylori-negative patients, current dosing with a proton-pump inhibitor may result in insufficient acid control for optimal treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)."	( Is the sensitivity to gastric acid inhibition Helicobacter pylori status-dependent? Smout, AJ, 1998)	0.3
" Studies to define the optimal duration, dose, and dosing interval of this combination therapy in Korea are needed."	( One-week triple therapy with lansoprazole, clarithromycin, and metronidazole to cure Helicobacter pylori infection in peptic ulcer disease in Korea. El-Zimaity, HM; Graham, DY; Kim, JG; Osato, MS; Perng, CL, 1998)	0.3
" Having these information will aid in determining dosage of certain medications to the patients with an inherited abnormality of drug metabolizing enzyme."	( [Individualization of drug therapy and pharmacogenetics]. Azuma, J; Yamamoto, I, 1998)	0.3
" Group II (n = 47) treated with the same drug and dosage for 2 weeks."	( [Omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection]. Bei, L; Chen, S; Chen, Z, 1996)	1.2
" The two groups were not different in regard to their symptom frequency and severity before therapy, amount of lansoprazole dosage required to eliminate symptoms, length of Barrett's metaplasia, presence of hiatal hernia, lower esophageal sphincter resting tone and length, or esophageal peristaltic function."	( Complete elimination of reflux symptoms does not guarantee normalization of intraesophageal acid reflux in patients with Barrett's esophagus. Ouatu-Lascar, R; Triadafilopoulos, G, 1998)	0.3
"To assess NSAID-associated ulcer healing during treatment with either standard (20 mg) or high dosage (40 mg) omeprazole."	( Omeprazole 20 or 40 mg daily for healing gastroduodenal ulcers in patients receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Annibale, B; Capurso, L; Del Veccho Blanco, C; Fusillo, M; Massimo Claar, G; Monaco, S, 1998)	1.95
"Omeprazole dosing increased serum gastrin 4-fold, ciprofibrate 5-fold, and the combination 24-fold."	( Potentiating hypergastrinemic effect by the peroxisome proliferator ciprofibrate and omeprazole in the rat. Hammer, TA; Sandvik, AK; Waldum, HL, 1998)	1.97
"Both dosing regimens of omeprazole and lansoprazole significantly increased median gastric pH and percentages of time above pH 4 during the entire 24-h period, night- and daytime, compared to baseline."	( Acid-inhibitory effects of omeprazole and lansoprazole in Helicobacter pylori-negative healthy subjects. Geus, WP; Lamers, CB; Mulder, PG; Nicolai, JJ; Van den Boomgaard, DM, 1998)	0.9
" Dosage and treatment duration were evaluated, along with the way in which morbidity, self-evaluated health, the demographic pattern and life-style characteristics influence drug prescription."	( Antacid (A02A) and antiulcer (A02B) drug prescription patterns: predicting factors, dosage and treatment duration. Girbes Pelechano, VJ; Llopis-González, A; Morales Suárez-Varela, MM; Pérez-Benajas, MA, 1998)	0.3
" The effects of a minimum of 2 weeks of dosing with cimetidine, ranitidine and omeprazole were examined."	( Omeprazole, ranitidine, and cimetidine have no effect on peak blood ethanol concentrations, first pass metabolism or area under the time-ethanol curve under 'real-life' drinking conditions. Brown, AS; James, OF, 1998)	1.97
"These results suggest that, in contrast to cimetidine, the inhibitory effect of omeprazole on AII-stimulated aldosterone production following dosing with furosemide is negligible."	( Effect of omeprazole and cimetidine on plasma aldosterone response to angiotensin II. Fujimura, A; Maeda, A; Sasaki, M, 1998)	0.93
" Sixty patients received 40 mg of omeprazole twice a day, 1500 mg of amoxicillin three times a day, and 300 mg of rebamipide three times a day (group OAR); the other 60 patients received the same dosage of omeprazole and amoxicillin but no rebamipide for two weeks (group OA)."	( Effect of rebamipide on Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer. Ando, K; Arakawa, T; Harihara, S; Higuchi, K; Ito, H; Kobayashi, K; Kuroki, T; Nebiki, H; Uchida, T, 1998)	0.58
"Diclofenac, naproxen, and piroxicam can be administered together with omeprazole 20 mg daily without need for dosage alteration."	( Lack of drug-drug interaction between three different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and omeprazole. Andersson, T; Bredberg, E; Lagerström, PO; Naesdal, J; Wilson, I, 1998)	0.75
" Pirenzepine was administered intramuscularly at a dosage of 20 mg/kg twice daily; and lansorprazole, subcutaneously at 50 mg/kg once daily, both every day for 4 weeks."	( Effect of pirenzepine on gastric endocrine cell kinetics during lansoprazole administration. Aoki, T; Gang, C; Kashiwagi, H; Omura, K; Omura, N, 1998)	0.3
" pylori therapy are those that administer the drug at a dosage of 40 mg/day (in 1 or 2 divided doses) for 7, 10 or 14 days in combination with 2 antibacterial agents."	( Omeprazole. A review of its use in Helicobacter pylori infection, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcers induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Langtry, HD; Wilde, MI, 1998)	1.74
" The AUCs of (-)-PAN after intravenous and oral dosing of (+)-PAN were 36."	( Stereoselective chiral inversion of pantoprazole enantiomers after separate doses to rats. Masubuchi, N; Tanaka, M; Yamazaki, H, 1998)	0.3
"In a 1400-bed teaching hospital, an audit (by specially trained personnel) was conducted to monitor inpatient prescribing of omeprazole (1) in preference to H2-antagonists and other drugs according to agreed criteria (Helicobacter pylori eradication, severe reflux esophagitis, rapid ulcer healing deemed urgent because of severe symptoms or complications, high-dose steroid therapy of > or =30 mg/day prednisolone) and (2) appropriateness of intravenous dosing (oral route not feasible or contraindicated)."	( Antiulcer drug prescribing in hospital successfully influenced by "immediate concurrent feedback". Chan, CK; Cheung, E; Ching, TY; Chu, KM; Kong, Y; Kou, M; Kumana, CR; Lam, SK; Seto, WH, 1998)	0.51
" pylori infection by serology and 13C-urea breath test, were studied on the 1st and 8th day of dosing with either placebo, rabeprazole 20 mg or omeprazole 20 mg, once each morning, in a crossover fashion."	( A placebo-controlled trial to assess the effects of 8 days of dosing with rabeprazole versus omeprazole on 24-h intragastric acidity and plasma gastrin concentrations in young healthy male subjects. Hamilton, MI; Pounder, RE; Sercombe, J; Williams, MP, 1998)	0.72
" Via the gastrostomy, they then received 7 days of once-daily dosing with 30 mg lansoprazole as intact granules in 3 fl."	( The pharmacodynamics of lansoprazole administered via gastrostomy as intact, non-encapsulated granules. Howden, CW; Sharma, VK; Ugheoke, EA; Vasudeva, R, 1998)	0.3
"To compare the effect of three different dosing regimens of omeprazole 40 mg daily with regard to suppressing nocturnal gastric acidity and avoiding NAB."	( Nocturnal gastric acidity and acid breakthrough on different regimens of omeprazole 40 mg daily. Castell, DO; Hatlebakk, JG; Katz, PO; Kuo, B, 1998)	0.77
"3) dosing (P=0."	( Nocturnal gastric acidity and acid breakthrough on different regimens of omeprazole 40 mg daily. Castell, DO; Hatlebakk, JG; Katz, PO; Kuo, B, 1998)	0.53
"In healthy volunteers, dinner time or split dosing of omeprazole 40 mg daily is significantly more effective than dosing before breakfast in preventing NAB and controlling gastric acidity."	( Nocturnal gastric acidity and acid breakthrough on different regimens of omeprazole 40 mg daily. Castell, DO; Hatlebakk, JG; Katz, PO; Kuo, B, 1998)	0.78
" Dosing was adjusted by monitoring intragastric pH, and esophagoscopy was repeated after 8-12 weeks of omeprazole treatment."	( Histological esophagitis: clinical and histological response to omeprazole in children. Calenda, KA; Dayal, Y; Mobassaleh, M; Strauss, RS, 1999)	0.76
" Therefore, impaired CYP2C19 activity combined with partial saturation of omeprazole metabolism during multiple dosing may have contributed to the discrepancy between CYP2C19 genotyping and phenotyping."	( Reliability of the omeprazole hydroxylation index for CYP2C19 phenotyping: possible effect of age, liver disease and length of therapy. Higuchi, S; Ieiri, I; Iimori, E; Kimura, M; Mamiya, K; Otsubo, K; Sakai, T; Urae, A; Wada, Y, 1999)	0.86
" Further study may permit development of optimal once-daily dosing and enhance eradication rates."	( Once-daily therapy for H. pylori infection: a randomized comparison of four regimens. Cheybani, K; Estrada, R; Laine, L; Neil, G; Smith, S; Trujillo, M; Yeramian, P, 1999)	0.3
" The suggested methods were used to determine drugs in bulk powder, laboratory-prepared mixtures, and pharmaceutical dosage forms."	( Stability-indicating methods for determining omeprazole and octylonium bromide in the presence of their degradation products. Bebawy, LI; el-Kousy, NM, )	0.39
" The experiments had a randomized cross-over design with a two-week washout period between dosing regimens."	( Effect of clarithromycin and other macrolides on the sulfoxidation and 5-hydroxylation of lansoprazole in dogs. Arimori, K; Fujii, J; Masa, K; Miyamoto, S; Nakano, M; Nakayama, T, 1999)	0.3
" One group was dosed with lansoprazole 30 mg at 08."	( The effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on intragastric pH during dosing with lansoprazole or ranitidine. Mulder, PG; Samsom, M; Smout, AJ; van Herwaarden, MA; van Nispen, CH, 1999)	0.3
" Pre-treatment with a proton pump inhibitor, higher doses or more frequent dosing may be necessary to increase the cure rate of short duration regimens."	( Comparison of two 3-day Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens with a standard 1-week regimen. Cross, R; Grimley, CE; Illing, RC; Lismore, JR; Loft, DE; Nwokolo, CU; O'sullivan, M; Penny, A; Shebani, M, 1999)	0.3
"In vitro, we observed the effect of omeprazole at concentrations between 10(-8)-10(-4) M on purified CA I and CA II, and also on isolated gastric mucosa CA IV, renal and pulmonary CA IV activity, using the dose-response relationship."	( A new concept regarding the mechanism of action of omeprazole. Baican, M; Coltau, M; Domuta, G; Puscas, I, 1999)	0.83
"In vitro omeprazole inhibits pH-dependent purified CA I and CA II and gastric mucosa CA IV according to dose-response relationship."	( A new concept regarding the mechanism of action of omeprazole. Baican, M; Coltau, M; Domuta, G; Puscas, I, 1999)	0.97
" Through the gastrostomy, they then received 7 days of once-daily dosing with 30 mg lansoprazole as intact granules in orange juice."	( Simplified lansoprazole suspension--a liquid formulation of lansoprazole--effectively suppresses intragastric acidity when administered through a gastrostomy. Howden, CW; Sharma, VK; Vasudeva, R, 1999)	0.3
"Animal experiments suggest that omeprazole dosing increases shedding of Helicobacter into the gastric lumen, and hence into gastric juice."	( The effect of omeprazole dosing on the isolation of Helicobacter pylori from gastric aspirates. Lawson, AJ; Owen, RJ; Pounder, RE; Sercombe, JC; Slater, E; Williams, MP, 1999)	0.95
" pylori from 77% of infected subject aspirates before, and 67% of aspirates during dosing with omeprazole."	( The effect of omeprazole dosing on the isolation of Helicobacter pylori from gastric aspirates. Lawson, AJ; Owen, RJ; Pounder, RE; Sercombe, JC; Slater, E; Williams, MP, 1999)	0.88
" These results indicate that no dosage adjustment of rabeprazole is required in patients with renal dysfunction."	( Rabeprazole: pharmacokinetics and tolerability in patients with stable, end-stage renal failure. Grimes, I; Humphries, TJ; Keane, WF; Swan, SK, 1999)	0.3
" Therefore, no dosage adjustment is needed when pantoprazole and cisapride are coadministered."	( Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between oral pantoprazole and cisapride in healthy adults. Ferron, GM; Fruncillo, RJ; Martin, PT; Mayer, PR; Paul, JC; Yacoub, L, 1999)	0.3
" A once-daily dose of 20 mg has consistently achieved profound decreases in 24-h intragastric acidity in single and repeat dosing studies, in healthy volunteers and patients with either peptic ulcer disease or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease."	( Review article: the pharmacology of rabeprazole. Pounder, RE; Williams, MP, 1999)	0.3
" These findings suggest that dosage adjustment is not required in these special patient populations."	( Review article: the pharmacokinetics of rabeprazole in health and disease. Hoyumpa, AM; Merritt, GJ; Swan, SK, 1999)	0.3
" Primary metronidazole resistance may reduce its effectiveness, but an increased daily dosing of metronidazole may partly overcome this problem."	( Omeprazole, amoxycillin and metronidazole for the cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. Bardhan, KD; Bayerdörffer, E; Delchier, JC; Díte, P; Lind, T; Mégraud, F; O'Morain, C; Sipponen, P; Spiller, R; Veldhuyzen van Zanten, S; Zeijlon, L, 1999)	1.75
" The interindividual response to omeprazole in intragastric pH elevation under the study dosage had insignificant variations to alter the success of eradication."	( A three-day course of intravenous omeprazole plus antibiotics for H. pylori-positive bleeding duodenal ulcer. Chi, CH; Jen, CM; Lin, XZ; Sheu, BS; Yang, HB, )	0.69
" However, the pharmacokinetic findings suggest that no dosage adjustment is required in these special populations."	( Review article: pharmacokinetic concerns in the selection of anti-ulcer therapy. Lew, EA, 1999)	0.3
"The selection of agents to treat patients with acid-related gastrointestinal diseases requires knowledge of their efficacy, tolerability, and ease of dosing among individuals with differing disease severities and other baseline characteristics."	( Review article: rabeprazole's profile in patients with gastrointestinal diseases. Barth, J; Humphries, TJ, 1999)	0.3
" At all measuring points during the 5-day dosing periods, 40 mg pantoprazole proved superior to 20 mg omeprazole in inhibiting meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion."	( Pantoprazole versus omeprazole: influence on meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion. Burkhardt, F; Dammann, HG, 1999)	0.84
" Thirteen healthy male volunteers received a 320 mg oral dose of gemifloxacin after 4 days of dosing with either omeprazole (40 mg once daily) or matching placebo."	( Effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of oral gemifloxacin in healthy volunteers. Allen, A; Lewis, A; Vousden, M, )	0.74
"The objective of this randomized, double-blind, two-period crossover study was to investigate whether concomitant steady-state lansoprazole influences the pharmacokinetics of CYP2C9 substrates using single intravenously dosed phenytoin as a model substrate."	( Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between lansoprazole and intravenously administered phenytoin. Cavanaugh, JH; Karol, MD; Locke, CS, 1999)	0.3
"While addition of metronidazole to the omeprazole-amoxycillin combination has been shown to be advantageous, the optimal dosage and drug distribution of the antimicrobials has not been sufficiently evaluated."	( Efficacy of two different dosage regimens of omeprazole, amoxycillin and metronidazole for the cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. Bayerdörffer, E; Burman, CF; Díete, U; Dité, P; Domján, L; Kisfalvi, I; Lonovics, J; Mégraud, F; Pap, A; Sipponen, P; Zeijlon, L, 1999)	0.83
" The total daily dose, and the choice of twice or three times daily dosing does not seem critical with this regimen."	( Efficacy of two different dosage regimens of omeprazole, amoxycillin and metronidazole for the cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. Bayerdörffer, E; Burman, CF; Díete, U; Dité, P; Domján, L; Kisfalvi, I; Lonovics, J; Mégraud, F; Pap, A; Sipponen, P; Zeijlon, L, 1999)	0.56
" In this study, we focused on whether 20 mg of rabeprazole is effective in our patient population by comparing that dosage with 40 mg of rabeprazole and 60 mg of lansoprazole."	( Efficacy of reduced dosage of rabeprazole in PPI/AC therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: comparison of 20 and 40 mg rabeprazole with 60 mg lansoprazole. Miwa, H; Murai, T; Nagahara, A; Ogihara, T; Ohkura, R; Ohta, K; Sato, K; Sato, N; Takei, Y; Yamada, T, 2000)	0.31
" A prototype oral paste formulation containing either acid-stable omeprazole granules or uncoated omeprazole powder was equipotent when compared to a similar dosage of acid-stable omeprazole granules administered by nasogastric tube."	( Comparison of the antisecretory effects of omeprazole when administered intravenously, as acid-stable granules and as an oral paste in horses. Burrow, JA; Dave, K; Harris, D; Haven, ML; Hickey, GJ; Merritt, AM; Zhang, D, 1999)	0.8
" The purpose of the 3 studies reported here was to 1) evaluate the evolution of potential effects of omeprazole paste (GastroGard), at a dose of 20 mg/kg bwt/day (5x the recommended dose) for 91 days in mature Thoroughbred horses; 2) evaluate the safety in young horses of omeprazole paste when dosed at 4 mg/kg bwt/day (1x), 12 mg/kg bwt/day (3x) or 20 mg/kg bwt/day (5x) for 91 days in Tennessee walking horse foals; and 3) evaluate the safety of omeprazole paste when dosed at 40 mg/kg bwt/day (10x) for 21 days in mature Thoroughbred horses."	( Safety of omeprazole paste in foals and mature horses. Attebery, DK; Cox, JL; Daurio, C; Plue, RE; Wall, HG; Wallace, DH, 1999)	0.92
" The results of this study suggest that omeprazole, employing a once daily dosing schedule, is effective at reducing the severity or eliminating gastric ulcers in Thoroughbreds in active race training."	( Acceptability of a paste formulation and efficacy of high dose omeprazole in healing gastric ulcers in horses maintained in race training. Holste, J; Nieto, J; Pollmeier, M; Snyder, JR; Thompson, D; Vatistas, NJ, 1999)	0.81
" At Day 28, 25 of treated horses continued on this dosing regimen while 25 received a half dose (2 mg/kg bwt once daily) and 25 horses were sham-dosed."	( Efficacy of omeprazole paste in the treatment and prevention of gastric ulcers in horses. Alva, R; Andrews, FM; Bernard, W; Cox, JL; Daurio, CP; Holste, JE; Hughes, FE; Sifferman, RL, 1999)	0.68
"Two different ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopic methods were developed for determination of Lansoprazole in pharmaceutical dosage forms."	( Determination of Lansoprazole in pharmaceutical dosage forms by two different spectroscopic methods. Ozaltín, N, 1999)	0.3
") dosage form."	( Oral and intravenous dosage forms of pantoprazole are equivalent in their ability to suppress gastric acid secretion in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Lew, E; Martin, P; Maton, PN; Metz, DC; Paul, J; Pisegna, JR; Pratha, V, 2000)	0.31
" pantoprazole dosage forms had similar favorable safety and tolerability profiles."	( Oral and intravenous dosage forms of pantoprazole are equivalent in their ability to suppress gastric acid secretion in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Lew, E; Martin, P; Maton, PN; Metz, DC; Paul, J; Pisegna, JR; Pratha, V, 2000)	0.31
"Pharmacokinetic responses to oral doses of the dipeptide, L-alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln), were evaluated after a single, bolus load or an intermittent dosing in normal healthy subjects (n = 8) to find the optimal mode of oral administration."	( The pharmacokinetic responses of humans to 20 g of alanyl-glutamine dipeptide differ with the dosing protocol but not with gastric acidity or in patients with acute Dengue fever. Fürst, P; Klassen, P; Mazariegos, M; Solomons, NW, 2000)	0.31
"No significant changes in the steady-state theophylline maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to Cmax (Tmax), minimum plasma concentration (Cmin), area under the plasma concentration-time curve over the 12-h dosing interval (AUC0-12), or apparent total oral clearance (CL/F) were observed within the two treatment groups when theophylline was administered alone or in combination with lansoprazole or pantoprazole."	( Lack of a pharmacokinetic interaction between lansoprazole or pantoprazole and theophylline. Goldwater, DR; Hunt, RH; Pan, WJ; Pilmer, BL; Zhang, Y, 2000)	0.31
"1 mmol; a phosphodiasterase inhibitor) were added to the Eppendorf tubes containing the PPIs and AP and dose-response curves were done for each drug after incubating for 5, 10 and 20 min at 37 degrees C and AP accumulation was determined using a scintillation counter."	( Comparison of five antisecretory agents acting via gastric H+/K+-ATPase. Bastaki, SM; Chandranath, I; Garner, A, )	0.13
" pylori eradication rate with a standard triple therapy regardless of the regimen utilized, the dosage and/or the duration of the therapy used appearing not to be sufficient to eradicate the infection efficiently."	( Efficacy of different Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens in patients affected by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Armuzzi, A; Gasbarrini, A; Gasbarrini, G; Ghirlanda, G; Ojetti, V; Pitocco, D; Pola, P; Silveri, NG, 2000)	0.31
" Subsequent studies confirmed that multiple daily dosing of histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) was mandatory for GERD treatment, with clear dose-response relationships for each agent."	( Drugs, bugs, and esophageal pH profiles. Robinson, M, )	0.13
"Twenty-four healthy male volunteers were studied on the 7th day of morning dosing with either placebo or rabeprazole 10, 20 or 40 mg in a crossover fashion."	( A placebo-controlled study to assess the effects of 7-day dosing with 10, 20 and 40 mg rabeprazole on 24-h intragastric acidity and plasma gastrin in healthy male subjects. Blanshard, C; Millson, C; Pounder, RE; Sercombe, J; Williams, MP, 2000)	0.31
" Few data exist to compare the ability of the most-often used proton pump inhibitors, omeprazole and lansoprazole, to control gastric acid at twice-daily dosage regimens."	( Gastric acidity and acid breakthrough with twice-daily omeprazole or lansoprazole. Castell, DO; Hatlebakk, JG; Katz, PO, 2000)	0.78
" on gastric acidity and the relative ability of each dosage regimen to prevent acid breakthrough."	( Gastric acidity and acid breakthrough with twice-daily omeprazole or lansoprazole. Castell, DO; Hatlebakk, JG; Katz, PO, 2000)	0.55
" Each dosage regimen was separated by a minimum 7-day period where no medication was administered."	( Gastric acidity and acid breakthrough with twice-daily omeprazole or lansoprazole. Castell, DO; Hatlebakk, JG; Katz, PO, 2000)	0.55
"Analysis of daily diary data during the first 4 weeks and for the entire 8 weeks of treatment revealed that patients who were treated with either dosage of lansoprazole reported significantly (P<."	( Lansoprazole compared with ranitidine for the treatment of nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease. Campbell, DR; Fludas, C; Huang, B; Kahrilas, PJ; Richter, JE, 2000)	0.31
" On day 5 of each dosing period, 24-h intragastric pH and pharmacokinetic variables were measured."	( Esomeprazole provides improved acid control vs. omeprazole In patients with symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Andersson, T; Hasselgren, G; Holmberg, J; Jonsson, A; Kylebäck, A; Lind, T; Röhss, K; Rydberg, L, 2000)	1.03
" pylori infection appears to be closely related to the occurrence of nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough during dosing with a proton pump inhibitor."	( Helicobacter pylori infection influences nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough. Adachi, K; Amano, K; Katsube, T; Kawamura, A; Kinoshita, Y; Uchida, Y; Watanabe, M, 2000)	0.31
"To determine the effect of CYP2C19 genotype status on intragastric pH during dosing with lansoprazole or rabeprazole."	( CYP2C19 genotype status and intragastric pH during dosing with lansoprazole or rabeprazole. Adachi, K; Amano, K; Fukuda, R; Ishihara, S; Katsube, T; Kawamura, A; Kinoshita, Y; Takashima, T; Watanabe, M; Yuki, M, 2000)	0.31
" On the other hand, the median pH in PMs during lansoprazole dosing was higher than in homo-EMs and hetero-EMs."	( CYP2C19 genotype status and intragastric pH during dosing with lansoprazole or rabeprazole. Adachi, K; Amano, K; Fukuda, R; Ishihara, S; Katsube, T; Kawamura, A; Kinoshita, Y; Takashima, T; Watanabe, M; Yuki, M, 2000)	0.31
" The dose-response relationship for IY-81149 was also evaluated."	( A comparative pharmacodynamic study of IY-81149 versus omeprazole in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Boileau, F; Cho, KD; Goldwater, R; Jung, WT; Kim, DY; Lee, SM; Park, DW; Periclou, AP, 2000)	0.55
" Intravenous pantoprazole is especially distinguished in its lack of clinically relevant drug interactions, and it requires no dosage adjustment for patients with renal insufficiency or with mild to moderate hepatic dysfunction."	( Potential uses of intravenous proton pump inhibitors to control gastric acid secretion. Metz, DC, 2000)	0.31
" Patients with gastric ulcer (GU) or duodenal ulcer (DU) were enrolled in this study; 583 eligible patients (GU, 325; DU, 258) were administered lansoprazole (30 mg/day for 8 weeks for GU, and the same dosage for 6 weeks for DU) as first-line therapy, and a half dose of H2RA as maintenance therapy for 12 months."	( Peptic ulcer recurrence during maintenance therapy with H2-receptor antagonist following first-line therapy with proton pump inhibitor. Asaka, M; Asaki, S; Ashida, K; Harasawa, S; Hoshihara, Y; Kajiyama, G; Kaneko, E; Kobayashi, K; Muto, Y; Nakamura, T; Nakazawa, S; Ogawa, N; Sakaki, N; Takemoto, T; Yao, T, 2000)	0.31
"The aim of this dose-response study was to compare the effectiveness of 10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg of pantoprazole with that of placebo tablets in the healing and symptom relief of gastroesophageal reflux disease associated with erosive esophagitis, and to determine the optimal dose."	( Oral pantoprazole for erosive esophagitis: a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Pantoprazole US GERD Study Group. Bochenek, W; Richter, JE, 2000)	0.31
" The oral and IV formulations of pantoprazole are equally potent in inhibiting gastric acid secretion; thus, switching between formulations requires no dosage adjustments."	( Clinical experience with pantoprazole in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Avner, DL, 2000)	0.31
" Another advantage over the histamine 2 receptor antagonists is that pantoprazole does not require dosage adjustment in patients with renal impairment."	( Intravenous pantoprazole: a new tool for acutely ill patients who require acid suppression. Trépanier, EF, 2000)	0.31
" The dosage of omeprazole was 50 mg/kg body weight, once daily via gavage."	( Effects of omeprazole on ethanol lesions. Abdel Fattaha, NA; Abdel-Rahman, MS, 2000)	1.05
" Intravenous pantoprazole has been shown to maintain acid suppression in patients switched from oral PPIs, so no change in dosage is required when switching from one formulation to the other."	( Switching between intravenous and oral pantoprazole. Pisegna, JR, 2001)	0.31
" However, eradication rates with different dosages and dosing vary, and data on the impact of resistance are sparse."	( The HOMER Study: the effect of increasing the dose of metronidazole when given with omeprazole and amoxicillin to cure Helicobacter pylori infection. Bardhan, K; Bayerdörffer, E; Burman, CF; Delchier, JC; Gromark, P; Hellblom, M; Lind, T; Mégraud, F; Stubberöd, A; Veldhuyzen Van Zanten, SJ; Zeijlon, L, 2000)	0.53
"Rabeprazole 20 mg in two different dosing schedules is as effective as omeprazole 20 mg QD with regard to efficacy and tolerability in patients with erosive GERD."	( Rabeprazole, 20 mg once daily or 10 mg twice daily, is equivalent to omeprazole, 20 mg once daily, in the healing of erosive gastrooesophageal reflux disease. Cohen, G; Delchier, JC; Humphries, TJ, 2000)	0.77
" and oral pantoprazole on gastric secretion and may be used to predict effects under other dosage regimens."	( Pharmacodynamic modeling of pantoprazole's irreversible effect on gastric acid secretion in humans and rats. Ferron, GM; Mayer, PR; McKeand, W, 2001)	0.31
" Instances in which laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication should be considered include: 1) Individuals who are intolerant of proton pump inhibitor therapy because of side effects, 2) When patients are inadequately responsive to proton pump inhibitor therapy even after dosage and dose interval have been optimized, and 3) When a patient desires a permanent solution to their reflux problem that frees them of the need to chronically consume pharmaceuticals."	( Management of GERD: medical versus surgical. Kahrilas, PJ, 2001)	0.31
"Nasogastric administration of SOS resulted in lower maximum mean +/- SD serum concentrations compared to jejunal/duodenal dosing (0."	( A randomized, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic, cross-over study of duodenal or jejunal administration compared to nasogastric administration of omeprazole suspension in patients at risk for stress ulcers. Metzler, MH; Miedema, BW; Olsen, KM; Phillips, JO; Rangnekar, NJ; Rebuck, JA, 2001)	0.51
"Patients were divided into 2 groups, one group received Lansoprazole (30 mg) once a day, and amoxycilline (500 mg) three times a day (group I), while the second group received Lansoparazole and amoxycillin in similar dosage with the addition of Roxythromycin (150 mg) twice a day (group II)."	( Two weeks triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxycillin and roxythromycin is better than dual therapy with lansoprazole and amoxycillin for H. pylori infection: a randomised, clinical trial. Alam, E; Mehdi, I; Qureshi, H, 2000)	0.31
" A model was applied to multiple-dose data from a crossover study of four dosage regimens of lansoprazole in two groups of normal male subjects."	( Pharmacodynamic modeling of lansoprazole using an indirect irreversible response model. Blum, RA; Jusko, WJ; Krzyzanski, W; Puchalski, TA, 2001)	0.31
" Any interfering co-medication can pose a challenge to establishing a stable anticoagulant dosage regimen and thus present a serious risk for the patient."	( Drug interaction: omeprazole and phenprocoumon. Enderle, C; Grass, U; Müller, W, 2001)	0.64
"A total of 23 patients with reflux esophagitis underwent 24-h intragastric and intraesophageal pH-metry after 7, 90, and 180 days of continued dosing with 20 mg of omeprazole once daily before breakfast."	( Stability of gastric secretory inhibition during 6-month treatment with omeprazole in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Berstad, A; Hatlebakk, JG; Tefera, S, 2001)	0.74
"The pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, and dosage and administration of pantoprazole are reviewed."	( Pantoprazole. Poole, P, 2001)	0.31
" The time of dosing and ingestion of meals may also influence the pharmacokinetics of these agents as well as their ability to suppress gastric acid secretion."	( Shortcomings of the first-generation proton pump inhibitors. Tytgat, GN, 2001)	0.31
"CYP2C19 genotyping is a very useful method to determine the effective and safe dosage regimen including the selection of the dual and triple therapy in anti-H."	( CYP2C19 genotype related effect of omeprazole on intragastric pH and antimicrobial stability. Aoyama, N; Hohda, T; Kasuga, M; Kita, T; Komada, F; Okumura, K; Saijoh, Y; Sakaeda, T; Sakai, T; Tanigawara, Y, 2001)	0.59
" pantoprazole in patients who are unable to swallow solid dosage formulations."	( Effects on 24-hour intragastric pH: a comparison of lansoprazole administered nasogastrically in apple juice and pantoprazole administered intravenously. Chiu, YL; Freston, J; Lukasik, N; Pan, WJ; Täubel, J, 2001)	0.31
"To investigate the pharmacokinetics, optimal dosage and efficacy of lansoprazole in paediatric patients."	( Lansoprazole in children: pharmacokinetics and efficacy in reflux oesophagitis. Faure, C; Hankard, R; Jacoz-Aigrain, E; Laurence, M; Michaud, L; Mougenot, JF; Navarro, J; Popon, M; Shaghaghi, EK, 2001)	0.31
" The dosage was doubled in non-responders."	( Lansoprazole in children: pharmacokinetics and efficacy in reflux oesophagitis. Faure, C; Hankard, R; Jacoz-Aigrain, E; Laurence, M; Michaud, L; Mougenot, JF; Navarro, J; Popon, M; Shaghaghi, EK, 2001)	0.31
"Patients with impaired hepatic function usually require gastric acid-suppressant therapy but are at increased risk for drug interactions and may require dosage adjustments."	( Pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole in patients with moderate and severe hepatic dysfunction. Abell, M; Ferron, GM; Getsy, J; Mayer, P; Noveck, RJ; Paul, J; Pockros, P; Preston, RA; Turner, M, 2001)	0.31
"This study sought to determine whether dosage adjustment of pantoprazole is required in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment by comparing the pharmacokinetic profile of pantoprazole in such patients with that in healthy slow metabolizers of pantoprazole, in whom no dosage adjustment is required."	( Pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole in patients with moderate and severe hepatic dysfunction. Abell, M; Ferron, GM; Getsy, J; Mayer, P; Noveck, RJ; Paul, J; Pockros, P; Preston, RA; Turner, M, 2001)	0.31
"The pharmacokinetics and tolerability of pantoprazole were similar in patients with moderate hepatic impairment, patients with severe hepatic impairment, and healthy slow metabolizers of pantoprazole, in whom no dosage adjustment is required."	( Pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole in patients with moderate and severe hepatic dysfunction. Abell, M; Ferron, GM; Getsy, J; Mayer, P; Noveck, RJ; Paul, J; Pockros, P; Preston, RA; Turner, M, 2001)	0.31
"This study was designed to determine the pharmacokinetics and the optimal dosage of intravenous omeprazole in patients younger than 30 months of age."	( Intravenous omeprazole in children: pharmacokinetics and effect on 24-hour intragastric pH. Faure, C; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Michaud, L; Navarro, J; Popon, M; Shaghaghi, EK; Turck, D, 2001)	0.91
" Results were further analyzed to compare failure rates based on different dosage regimens."	( Proton pump inhibitor resistance in the treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux. Amin, MR; Digges, N; Johnson, P; Koufman, JA; Postma, GN, 2001)	0.31
"Little is known about differences in the disposition kinetics and pharmacological effects on gastrin levels between lansoprazole and rabeprazole given in a repeated dosing scheme with respect to the polymorphic CYP2C19."	( Comparison of the kinetic disposition of and serum gastrin change by lansoprazole versus rabeprazole during an 8-day dosing scheme in relation to CYP2C19 polymorphism. Fukushima, Y; Hasegawa, J; Ieiri, I; Ishizaki, T; Kishimoto, Y; Kitano, M; Momiyama, K; Morisawa, T; Morita, T; Nakagawa, K; Okochi, H; Otsubo, K, 2001)	0.31
" Five of the homozygous extensive metabolizer subjects underwent the 24-hour intragastric pH monitoring on day 8 of dosing of lansoprazole 30 mg 4 times daily."	( Effect of high-dose lansoprazole on intragastic pH in subjects who are homozygous extensive metabolizers of cytochrome P4502C19. Furuta, T; Ishizaki, T; Ohashi, K; Shirai, N; Xiao, F, 2001)	0.31
" A genotyping test of CYP2C19 status appears useful for prescribing an optimal dosing scheme of lansoprazole."	( Effect of high-dose lansoprazole on intragastic pH in subjects who are homozygous extensive metabolizers of cytochrome P4502C19. Furuta, T; Ishizaki, T; Ohashi, K; Shirai, N; Xiao, F, 2001)	0.31
"The acid inhibitory effects of omeprazole and rabeprazole are significantly dependent on the CYP2C19 genotype status, as well as on their intrinsic pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics and dosing schemes."	( Effects of CYP2C19 genotypic differences in the metabolism of omeprazole and rabeprazole on intragastric pH. Chiba, K; Furuta, T; Hanai, H; Ishizaki, T; Kobayashi, K; Kosuge, K; Moriyama, Y; Nakagawa, K; Ohashi, K; Okochi, H; Shirai, N; Takashima, M; Xiao, F, 2001)	0.84
" No dosage adjustment is necessary in renal and mild to moderate hepatic impairment."	( Rabeprazole: an update of its use in acid-related disorders. Carswell, CI; Goa, KL, 2001)	0.31
" If the results were still abnormal, the proton pump inhibitor dosage was doubled and 24-h pH-metry was repeated after 20-30 days."	( Lansoprazole vs. omeprazole for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a pH-metric comparison. De Micheli, E; Frazzoni, M; Grisendi, A; Savarino, V, 2002)	0.65
" In all such cases, repeat pH monitoring after doubling the proton pump inhibitor dosage gave normal results."	( Lansoprazole vs. omeprazole for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a pH-metric comparison. De Micheli, E; Frazzoni, M; Grisendi, A; Savarino, V, 2002)	0.65
" Nocturnal acid breakthrough occurs on any dosing regimen of oral proton pump inhibitors."	( Over-the-counter H(2)-receptor antagonists do not compromise intragastric pH control with proton pump inhibitors. Ahmed, F; Castell, DO; Katz, PO; Korn, S; Tutuian, R, 2002)	0.31
"Assess intragastric acid control on omeprazole, 20 mg, taken every morning, after variable dosing of over-the-counter famotidine, 10 mg."	( Over-the-counter H(2)-receptor antagonists do not compromise intragastric pH control with proton pump inhibitors. Ahmed, F; Castell, DO; Katz, PO; Korn, S; Tutuian, R, 2002)	0.59
" One EM subject had a very low oral clearance of fluvoxamine after both single and multiple dosing of the drug."	( Low daily 10-mg and 20-mg doses of fluvoxamine inhibit the metabolism of both caffeine (cytochrome P4501A2) and omeprazole (cytochrome P4502C19). Andersson, K; Bertilsson, L; Carrillo, JA; Christensen, M; Dahl, ML; Mihara, K; Ramos, SI; Tybring, G; Yasui-Furokori, N, 2002)	0.53
" The daily dosage could be influenced by the presence of hiatal hernia."	( Hiatal hernia is the key factor determining the lansoprazole dosage required for effective intra-oesophageal acid suppression. De Micheli, E; Frazzoni, M; Grisendi, A; Savarino, V, 2002)	0.31
"To assess the lansoprazole daily dosage required to normalize oesophageal acid exposure in patients with and without hiatal hernia."	( Hiatal hernia is the key factor determining the lansoprazole dosage required for effective intra-oesophageal acid suppression. De Micheli, E; Frazzoni, M; Grisendi, A; Savarino, V, 2002)	0.31
" If the results were still abnormal, the lansoprazole dosage was doubled and 24-h pH-metry was repeated 20-30 days thereafter."	( Hiatal hernia is the key factor determining the lansoprazole dosage required for effective intra-oesophageal acid suppression. De Micheli, E; Frazzoni, M; Grisendi, A; Savarino, V, 2002)	0.31
"A 30-mg daily dosage of lansoprazole normalized oesophageal acid exposure in 70% of cases, whilst a 60-mg daily dosage was necessary in the remainder: the two groups differed only in the presence of hiatal hernia (28% vs."	( Hiatal hernia is the key factor determining the lansoprazole dosage required for effective intra-oesophageal acid suppression. De Micheli, E; Frazzoni, M; Grisendi, A; Savarino, V, 2002)	0.31
"Hiatal hernia is the key factor determining the lansoprazole dosage required for effective intra-oesophageal acid suppression in complicated and atypical gastro-oesophageal reflux disease."	( Hiatal hernia is the key factor determining the lansoprazole dosage required for effective intra-oesophageal acid suppression. De Micheli, E; Frazzoni, M; Grisendi, A; Savarino, V, 2002)	0.31
" Intravenous pantoprazole inhibited acid output in a dose-response fashion, with maximal inhibition (99."	( Proton pump activation in stimulated parietal cells is regulated by gastric acid secretory capacity: a human study. Bochenek, WJ; Ferron, GM; Metz, DC; Paul, J; Pisegna, JR; Soffer, E; Turner, MB, 2002)	0.31
" Sixty-eight patients received 30 mg of lansoprazole once daily, 500 mg of amoxicillin and 250 mg of metronidazole thrice daily for 2 weeks (LAM group), while the other 67 patients received the same dosage of those agents plus 18,000 tyrosine units of pronase thrice daily for 2 weeks (LAMP group)."	( Additive effect of pronase on the efficacy of eradication therapy against Helicobacter pylori. Akamatsu, T; Gotoh, A; Ikeno, T; Ishida, K; Kaneko, T; Katsuyama, T; Kawakami, Y; Kiyosawa, K; Ota, H; Shimizu, T; Shimodaira, K; Sugiyama, A, 2002)	0.31
" These patients underwent a 24-hour intragastric pH-metry, measurement of basal acid output and of serum gastrin first while receiving their usual therapy and second after 7 to 10 days of pantoprazole treatment at a mean dosage of 116 mg/day (range: 40-200 mg/day)."	( Effect of pantoprazole versus other proton pump inhibitors on 24-hour intragastric pH and basal acid output in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Mignon, M; Ramdani, A; Samoyeau, R, 2002)	0.31
" This suggests that for stress ulcer prophylaxis, intermittent dosing with an intravenous proton pump inhibitor may be an alternative to high-dose continuous infusions of a histamine-2-receptor antagonist."	( Stress-related mucosal disease in the critically ill patient: risk factors and strategies to prevent stress-related bleeding in the intensive care unit. Steinberg, KP, 2002)	0.31
"For the long term maintenance treatment of reflux esophagitis several strategies have been proposed with the aim of reducing the daily dosage or the frequency of drug administration."	( Daily low-dose versus alternate day full-dose lansoprazole in the maintenance treatment of reflux esophagitis. Baldi, F; Cappiello, R; Ghersi, S; Morselli-Labate, AM, 2002)	0.31
" This study was designed to investigate the dosing patterns of patients on on-demand treatment and to compare lansoprazole with omeprazole in this regard."	( On-demand treatment in patients with oesophagitis and reflux symptoms: comparison of lansoprazole and omeprazole. Grove, O; Johnsson, F; Moum, B; Simren, M; Thoring, M; Vilien, M, 2002)	0.74
" In order to document dosing patterns, the medication was dispensed in bottles supplied with a Medication Event Monitoring System recording date and time the bottles were opened."	( On-demand treatment in patients with oesophagitis and reflux symptoms: comparison of lansoprazole and omeprazole. Grove, O; Johnsson, F; Moum, B; Simren, M; Thoring, M; Vilien, M, 2002)	0.53
" A dosing pattern was found of an increased intake mornings and evenings and constant intervals between intakes."	( On-demand treatment in patients with oesophagitis and reflux symptoms: comparison of lansoprazole and omeprazole. Grove, O; Johnsson, F; Moum, B; Simren, M; Thoring, M; Vilien, M, 2002)	0.53
" The present study was undertaken to help predict the optimal dosage of omeprazole for extensive metabolizers in this therapy."	( Optimal dose of omeprazole for CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers in anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy: pharmacokinetic considerations. Aoyama, N; Kasuga, M; Kawahara, Y; Kita, T; Okumura, K; Sakaeda, T; Sakai, T, 2002)	0.89
" The large variability limited our ability to test for a difference in fat absorption and has significant implication for the use of this test, considered the gold standard, for determining enzyme dosage adequacy."	( Ranitidine and omeprazole as adjuvant therapy to pancrelipase to improve fat absorption in patients with cystic fibrosis. Bowser, E; Francisco, MP; Novak, DA; Sherman, JM; Theriaque, D; Wagner, MH, 2002)	0.67
" Compliance (as measured by a medication-possession ratio), dosage escalation (> 25 percent of initial dose), and daily average consumption (DACON) were measured."	( Impact of proton pump inhibitor utilization patterns on gastroesophageal reflux disease-related costs. Dodd, S; Durkin, M; Hall, J; Sloan, S, 2002)	0.31
" Treatment of transformants with various concentrations of rifampicin produced a dose-response curve with maximal induction at 10 microM (5."	( A cell-based reporter gene assay for determining induction of CYP3A4 in a high-volume system. Allen, SW; Raucy, J; Warfe, L; Yueh, MF, 2002)	0.31
" Drug elimination intervals were at least 9 days between the dosing periods."	( Pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin after simultaneous and single administration. Borner, K; Koeppe, P; Kotwas, J; Lode, H; Mainz, D, 2002)	0.31
" Available data indicate that PPIs appear to have similar potency on a milligram basis, and that omeprazole and lansoprazole are more frequently double dosed than pantoprazole."	( The clinical importance of proton pump inhibitor pharmacokinetics. Thomson, AB; Yacyshyn, BR, 2002)	0.53
" Awareness and application of this knowledge will improve drug use in clinical practice and provide the physician with further appreciation that standard drug dosing may not be appropriate in all patients."	( Pharmacogenetics affects dosing, efficacy, and toxicity of cytochrome P450-metabolized drugs. Bertino, JS; Nafziger, AN; Rogers, JF, 2002)	0.31
" By modeling the histamine-induced baseline response simultaneously with active treatment, predictions of the response are possible not only following different dosing regimens of omeprazole, but also following different degrees of histamine stimulation."	( Gastric acid secretion in the dog: a mechanism-based pharmacodynamic model for histamine stimulation and irreversible inhibition by omeprazole. Abelö, A; Eriksson, UG; Gabrielsson, J; Holstein, B; Karlsson, MO, 2002)	0.71
" Dose-response studies on gastroprotection in stress and indomethacin-induced ulcer and inhibition of pylorus ligation-induced acid secretion indicate that omeprazole significantly blocks gastric lesions at lower dose (2."	( A novel antioxidant and antiapoptotic role of omeprazole to block gastric ulcer through scavenging of hydroxyl radical. Ali, E; Bandyopadhyay, U; Banerjee, RK; Biswas, K; Chattopadhyay, I; Varadaraj, A, 2003)	0.77
" If the results were improved but still abnormal, the dosage was doubled and pH monitoring was repeated."	( Effective intra-oesophageal acid suppression in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: lansoprazole vs. pantoprazole. De Micheli, E; Frazzoni, M; Grisendi, A; Savarino, V, 2003)	0.32
" in combination with amoxicillin and clarithromycin produced Helicobacter pylori eradication rates similar to those obtained using triple therapy involving twice-daily dosing with other proton pump inhibitors."	( Review of esomeprazole in the treatment of acid disorders. Johnson, DA, 2003)	0.7
" This novel dosage formulation represents an option for patients who have difficulty in swallowing oral agents."	( Comparative pharmacokinetics and safety of lansoprazole oral capsules and orally disintegrating tablets in healthy subjects. Ballard, ED; Chiu, YL; Freston, JW; Mulford, DJ, 2003)	0.32
" At the discretion of the investigator, the dosage of lansoprazole was increased up to 60 mg daily in children who continued to be symptomatic after 2 weeks of treatment."	( Safety of lansoprazole in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children. Fitzgerald, J; Hassall, E; Huang, B; Kane, R; Pilmer, B; Tolia, V, 2002)	0.31
" At the discretion of the investigator, the dosage of lansoprazole was increased up to 60 mg daily in children who continued to be symptomatic after 2 weeks of treatment."	( Efficacy of lansoprazole in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children. Book, L; Ferry, G; Gunasekaran, T; Huang, B; Keith, R; Tolia, V, 2002)	0.31
" Lansoprazole significantly increased the mean 24-hour intragastric pH and the percentages of time intragastric pH was above 3 and 4 when children were dosed with either 15 or 30 mg according to body weight."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lansoprazole in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Book, L; Chiu, YL; Gremse, D; Gunasekaran, T; Karol, M; Pan, WJ; Pilmer, B; Tolia, V; Winter, H, 2002)	0.31
" Adolescents in both dosage groups exhibited reductions from baseline in the percentage of days and nights with heartburn (or other predominant symptom of GERD), the severity of heartburn, the percentage of days antacids were used, and the number of antacid tablets used per day."	( Lansoprazole in adolescents with gastroesophageal reflux disease: pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, symptom relief efficacy, and tolerability. Chiu, YL; Fitzgerald, J; Gremse, D; Gunasekaran, T; Gupta, S; Karol, M; Keith, R; Pan, WJ, 2002)	0.31
"To compare the effectiveness of two different pantoprazole dosage regimens (20 and 40 mg/day), in controlling symptoms and healing esophageal lesions of patients with mild erosive esophagitis."	( Assessment of effectiveness of different dosage regimens of pantoprazole in controlling symptoms and healing esophageal lesions of patients with mild erosive esophagitis. Brito, EM; Castro, Lde P; Coelho, LG; Moretzsohn, LD; Reis, MS, )	0.13
"Pantoprazole dosage regimens of 20 mg/day and 40 mg/day provide equivalent effectiveness in controlling symptoms and healing esophageal lesions of mild esophagitis."	( Assessment of effectiveness of different dosage regimens of pantoprazole in controlling symptoms and healing esophageal lesions of patients with mild erosive esophagitis. Brito, EM; Castro, Lde P; Coelho, LG; Moretzsohn, LD; Reis, MS, )	0.13
" pylori eradication on intragastric acidity and plasma gastrin during dosing with lansoprazole, omeprazole, rabeprazole and placebo."	( Eradication of Helicobacter pylori increases nocturnal intragastric acidity during dosing with rabeprazole, omeprazole, lansoprazole and placebo. Chilton, A; Nwokolo, CU; Pounder, RE; Sercombe, J; Usselmann, B; Williams, MP, 2003)	0.75
" pylori eradication during dosing with proton pump inhibitors is a drug-class effect, particularly affecting nocturnal acid control."	( Eradication of Helicobacter pylori increases nocturnal intragastric acidity during dosing with rabeprazole, omeprazole, lansoprazole and placebo. Chilton, A; Nwokolo, CU; Pounder, RE; Sercombe, J; Usselmann, B; Williams, MP, 2003)	0.53
" Gastrin probably plays an important role in gastric tumorgenesis, and long-term dosing with ciprofibrate results in enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell carcinoids in the oxyntic mucosa of rats."	( Antral G cells in rats during dosing with a PPAR alpha agonist: a morphometric and immunocytochemical study. Bendheim, MØ; Martinsen, TC; Skogaker, NE; Waldum, HL, 2003)	0.32
"We undertook a broad data review of the efficacy of nine different 7-day triple therapies consisting of a proton pump inhibitor (lansoprazole, pantoprazole, omeprazole) in its standard dosage and two antibiotics."	( Recent use of proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies for the eradication of H pylori: a broad data review. Beckerling, A; Gatz, G; Ulmer, HJ, 2003)	0.52
" Furthermore, the data indicate that 1-week treatment with a once-daily dosage is sufficient to ensure adequate diagnosis."	( One-week esomeprazole treatment: an effective confirmatory test in patients with suspected gastroesophageal reflux disease. Edin, R; Falk, A; Hatlebakk, JG; Johnsson, F; Klintenberg, AC; Román, J; Stubberöd, A; Toth, E, 2003)	0.71
" The method was applied successfully for the analysis of pantoprazole in tablet dosage form."	( Determination of pantoprazole by adsorptive stripping voltammetry at carbon paste electrode. Radi, A, 2003)	0.32
" However, no significant difference was noted between day 1 and day 4 of dosing within the same genotype groups."	( Time-dependent amplified pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses of rabeprazole in cytochrome P450 2C19 poor metabolizers. Chern, HD; Lin, CJ; Uang, YS; Wang, TH; Yang, JC, 2003)	0.32
"Rapid and consistent acid suppression on the first day of dosing may be important in treating acid-related disorders."	( Acid inhibition on the first day of dosing: comparison of four proton pump inhibitors. Blum, AL; Dorta, G; Jornod, P; Pantoflickova, D; Ravic, M, 2003)	0.32
" According to the dosage regimen the patients were divided into two groups."	( [Effectiveness of eradication anti-helicobacter therapy in patients with duodenal ulcer in different drug dosage regimens]. Nurbaev, FE; Orziev, ZM; Rakhimova, GSh, 2003)	0.32
"Amoxicillin concentrations 2 hours after high dosage were gastric juice > gastric body > antral mucosa > plasma."	( Gastric juice, gastric tissue and blood antibiotic concentrations following omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin triple therapy. Barrett, DA; Kumagai, N; Nakamura, M; Spiller, RC; Tanaka, T; Tsuchimoto, K; Wibawa, JI, 2003)	0.55
"Both dosage regimens provided effective antibiotic concentrations in gastric juice at 2 hours."	( Gastric juice, gastric tissue and blood antibiotic concentrations following omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin triple therapy. Barrett, DA; Kumagai, N; Nakamura, M; Spiller, RC; Tanaka, T; Tsuchimoto, K; Wibawa, JI, 2003)	0.55
"Omeprazole is frequently used to treat gastroesophageal reflux in infants and children despite the lack of age-specific pharmacokinetic and dosing information in the approved product labeling."	( Omeprazole disposition in children following single-dose administration. Abdel-Rahman, SM; Andersson, T; Gaedigk, A; James, LP; Kearns, GL; Kraynak, RA; Ramabadran, K; van den Anker, JN, 2003)	3.2
" Plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of lansoprazole and its metabolites, and gastric acid secretion were monitored after dosing on days 1 and 7 of each treatment period."	( Age-related differences in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lansoprazole. Granneman, GR; Hogan, DL; Hussein, Z; Isenberg, JI; Koss, MA; Mukherjee, D; Samara, E, 1993)	0.29
" Steady state plasma concentrations of lansoprazole were reached after 3 days of dosing with lansoprazole."	( Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole in elderly subjects. Cournot, A; Delhotal-Landes, B; Dellatolas, F; Flouvat, B, 1993)	0.29
" Male Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed with lansoprazole (150 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 14 days."	( Lansoprazole increases testosterone metabolism and clearance in male Sprague-Dawley rats: implications for Leydig cell carcinogenesis. Coulson, M; Gibson, GG; Graham, M; Hammond, T; Plant, N, 2003)	0.32
" The optimum assay conditions are investigated and the recovery of the cited drugs from their dosage forms ranges from 97."	( Validation of the spectrophotometric determination of omeprazole and pantoprazole sodium via their metal chelates. Abdel Razeq, SA; El-Abasawy, N; Fouad, MM; Ismail, MM; Salama, F, 2003)	0.57
" Split dosing of rabeprazole was more effective than the single morning dose for inhibiting nocturnal gastric acid secretion."	( Nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough during the administration of rabeprazole and ranitidine in Helicobacter pylori-negative subjects: effects of different regimens. Adachi, K; Amano, Y; Fujishiro, H; Karim Rumi, MA; Kawamura, A; Kinoshita, Y; Komazawa, Y; Mihara, T; Ono, M; Yuki, M, 2003)	0.32
" These data suggest that administration of a PPI before the evening meal maximizes acid control and would be the preferred dosing schedule in GERD patients, particularly those with nocturnal symptoms."	( Comparison of morning and evening administration of rabeprazole for gastro-oesophageal reflux and nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough in patients with reflux disease: a double-blind, cross-over study. McCallum, RW; Olyaee, M; Pehlivanov, ND; Sarosiek, I, 2003)	0.32
"Omeprazole had no clinically relevant effect on voriconazole exposure, suggesting that no voriconazole dosage adjustment is necessary for patients in whom omeprazole therapy is initiated."	( Effect of omeprazole on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of voriconazole. Hamlin, J; Kleinermans, D; Layton, G; Nichols, D; Purkins, L; Tan, K; Wood, N, 2003)	2.16
" Multicentre randomised controlled studies are needed to better define the efficacy profile, the optimal dosage with respect to the different indications and the safety profile for chronic therapy of proton pump inhibitors in children."	( Proton pump inhibitors in children: a review. Gerarduzzi, T; Marchetti, F; Ventura, A, 2003)	0.32
" The dosage form is a capsule containing 20 mg of Omeprazole in the form of pellets."	( [Therapeutic effect of gastrozolum in stomach ulcers]. Dolgova, NIu; Goncharenko, LS; Kuz'mina, OS; Lopatina, IN; Manannikov, IV; Melik-Ogandzhanian, NB; Serova, TI; Sukhareva, GV; Trubitsina, IE; Tsaregorodtseva, TM; Zarudnaia, SI, 2003)	0.57
" The use of differential pulse voltammetry for the determination of pantoprazole in pharmaceutical dosage forms and human plasma using a glassy carbon electrode has been examined."	( Differential pulse anodic voltammetric determination of pantoprazole in pharmaceutical dosage forms and human plasma using glassy carbon electrode. Erk, N, 2003)	0.32
" The voltammetric procedure was applied successfully to give a rapid and precise assay of pantoprazole in a tablet dosage form."	( Square-wave adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry of pantoprazole. Radi, A, 2003)	0.32
"Optimal timing for daily dosing of athletic horses with an effective OME preparation, in order to suppress gastric squamous ulceration, might be 4-8 h prior to a training session."	( Effect of GastroGard and three compounded oral omeprazole preparations on 24 h intragastric pH in gastrically cannulated mature horses. Burrow, JA; Church, M; Ludzia, S; Merritt, AM; Sanchez, LC, 2003)	0.58
" Therefore, a clear understanding of alternative dosing formulations and related efficacies is key in order for the clinician to select the most appropriate agent and strategy to optimize outcomes and cost-effectiveness for each patient."	( Alternative dosing for PPI therapy: rationale and options. Johnson, DA, 2003)	0.32
"To achieve more potent and long-lasting acid suppression, different dosage regimens of rabeprazole were compared in relation to the CYP2C19 genotype status."	( Rabeprazole 10 mg twice daily is superior to 20 mg once daily for night-time gastric acid suppression. Horikawa, Y; Inoue, M; Kuroiwa, T; Shimatani, T, 2004)	0.32
" pylori) positive after gastrectomy for the treatment of gastric cancer, and we determined the difference in amoxicillin dosage between the therapeutic successes and failures."	( How to eradicate Helicobacter pylori using amoxicillin and omeprazole in the remnant stomach. Hasuo, K; Imada, T; Inaba, M; Kabara, T; Kawamoto, M; Ohshima, T; Rino, Y; Shiozawa, M; Takahashi, M; Takanashi, Y; Tokunaga, M; Yoneyama, K; Yoshikawa, T; Yukawa, H, )	0.37
" The amoxicillin dosage in the therapeutic successes was compared with that in the therapeutic failures, and we found that the dosage was 14."	( How to eradicate Helicobacter pylori using amoxicillin and omeprazole in the remnant stomach. Hasuo, K; Imada, T; Inaba, M; Kabara, T; Kawamoto, M; Ohshima, T; Rino, Y; Shiozawa, M; Takahashi, M; Takanashi, Y; Tokunaga, M; Yoneyama, K; Yoshikawa, T; Yukawa, H, )	0.37
"We assumed that the optimal dosage of amoxicillin was over 15."	( How to eradicate Helicobacter pylori using amoxicillin and omeprazole in the remnant stomach. Hasuo, K; Imada, T; Inaba, M; Kabara, T; Kawamoto, M; Ohshima, T; Rino, Y; Shiozawa, M; Takahashi, M; Takanashi, Y; Tokunaga, M; Yoneyama, K; Yoshikawa, T; Yukawa, H, )	0.37
" Each patient had received omeprazole 80 mg bolus loading and 40 mg twice daily for three days (total dosage of 320 mg within 3 days)."	( Increased risk of rebleeding of peptic ulcer bleeding in patients with comorbid illness receiving omeprazole infusion. Cheng, HC; Chuang, CH; Chuang, SA; Kao, AW; Kao, YH; Sheu, BS, )	0.65
" As patients with comorbid illness had a higher risk of rebleeding, a higher dosage or prolonged duration of omeprazole infusion would be rationally indicated to prevent risk of rebleeding."	( Increased risk of rebleeding of peptic ulcer bleeding in patients with comorbid illness receiving omeprazole infusion. Cheng, HC; Chuang, CH; Chuang, SA; Kao, AW; Kao, YH; Sheu, BS, )	0.56
" Measurement of the 24-h oesophageal and intragastric pH, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease symptoms and quality of life was performed at baseline and during the last week of each dosing period."	( Double-blind, randomized controlled study to assess the effects of lansoprazole 30 mg and lansoprazole 15 mg on 24-h oesophageal and intragastric pH in Chinese subjects with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Chan, AO; Hu, WH; Huang, JQ; Hui, WM; Lai, KC; Lam, CL; Lam, KF; Lam, SK; Wong, BC; Wong, NY; Wong, WM; Xia, HH, 2004)	0.32
" This dosage was significantly different for duodenal ulcer (40."	( [Cost-minimization study on the prescription of intravenous proton pump inhibitors: pantoprazole versus omeprazole]. García González, F; Hedo Aparicio, G; Soler Company, E, )	0.35
"Trough concentrations of tacrolimus should be monitored closely for optimizing the dosage regimen in patients receiving concomitant lansoprazole."	( Lansoprazole-tacrolimus interaction in Japanese transplant recipient with CYP2C19 polymorphism. Inui, K; Ito, N; Motohashi, H; Ogawa, O; Okuda, M; Takahashi, K; Yamamoto, S; Yonezawa, A, 2004)	0.32
" In addition, L-OMP is advantageous in its once-a-day dosing and might be an alternative to S-H2RA, especially in Korean patients with MMRE."	( [Therapeutic effect of low-dose omeprazole vs. standard-dose ranitidine in mild to moderate reflux esophagitis]. Baik, SK; Cho, MY; Kim, HS; Kim, JM; Kim, JW; Kwon, SO; Lee, DK; Suk, KT, 2004)	0.61
" At comparable doses, these properties lead to several clinical advantages: higher bioavailability in extensive metabolisers (the majority of patients), lower exposure in poor metabolisers, less interindividual variation and a steeper dose-response curve at steady state resulting in a more pronounced inhibition of gastric acid secretion."	( Single-isomer drugs: true therapeutic advances. Andersson, T, 2004)	0.32
" Lumiracoxib can, therefore, be administered concurrently with either of these agents without need for lumiracoxib dosage alteration."	( Lack of effect of omeprazole or of an aluminium hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide antacid on the pharmacokinetics of lumiracoxib. Langholff, W; Milosavljev, S; Rordorf, C; Scott, G; Shenouda, M; Vinluan Reynolds, C, 2004)	0.66
" This dosing route provides an additional, convenient dosing option for lansoprazole."	( A novel option for dosing of proton pump inhibitors: dispersion of lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablet in water via oral syringe. Donnelly, JR; Gremse, DA; Kukulka, MJ; Lee, C; Lloyd, E, 2004)	0.32
" The proposed method was applied to the determination of rabeprazole in the tablet dosage form."	( Voltammetric behaviour of rabeprazole at a glassy carbon electrode and its determination in tablet dosage form. Abd El-Ghany, N; Radi, A; Wahdan, T, 2004)	0.32
"Lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablet, which rapidly disintegrates on the tongue or in water, provides a dosing alternative for patients with difficulty in swallowing."	( A novel option in proton pump inhibitor dosing: lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablet dispersed in water and administered via nasogastric tube. Freston, JW; Kukulka, MJ; Lee, C; Lloyd, E, 2004)	0.32
"The total plasma exposure to lansoprazole was comparable following both dosing regimens; mean AUC values for the lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablet nasogastric dispersion were < or =8."	( A novel option in proton pump inhibitor dosing: lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablet dispersed in water and administered via nasogastric tube. Freston, JW; Kukulka, MJ; Lee, C; Lloyd, E, 2004)	0.32
" This alternative dosing method may be useful in patients with nasogastric or gastric tubes."	( A novel option in proton pump inhibitor dosing: lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablet dispersed in water and administered via nasogastric tube. Freston, JW; Kukulka, MJ; Lee, C; Lloyd, E, 2004)	0.32
" Omeprazole was dosed intravenously and orally in a crossover fashion to age-matched CF-KO and wild-type male and female mice."	( Altered pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in cystic fibrosis knockout mice relative to wild-type mice. Ali, SY; Smith, PC; Tallman, MN, 2004)	1.53
"To compare the effect of esomeprazole 40 mg with lansoprazole 30 mg, omeprazole 20 mg, pantoprazole 40 mg and rabeprazole 20 mg on intragastric pH during single and repeated dosing in four separate studies in patients with symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disorder (GERD)."	( Esomeprazole 40 mg provides more effective intragastric acid control than lansoprazole 30 mg, omeprazole 20 mg, pantoprazole 40 mg and rabeprazole 20 mg in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms. Lind, T; Röhss, K; Wilder-Smith, C, 2004)	1.34
" We aimed to develop optimal dosage regimens for rabeprazole to control nocturnal acidity in relation to cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 genotypes."	( Different dosage regimens of rabeprazole for nocturnal gastric acid inhibition in relation to cytochrome P450 2C19 genotype status. Furuta, T; Hishida, A; Ishizaki, T; Kajimura, M; Ohashi, K; Sakurai, M; Shirai, N; Sugimoto, M, 2004)	0.32
"We propose that rabeprazole dosage regimens for sufficient acid inhibition are 20 mg once daily for PMs, 20 mg twice daily for heterozygous EMs, and 10 mg 4 times daily for homozygous EMs or heterozygous EMs."	( Different dosage regimens of rabeprazole for nocturnal gastric acid inhibition in relation to cytochrome P450 2C19 genotype status. Furuta, T; Hishida, A; Ishizaki, T; Kajimura, M; Ohashi, K; Sakurai, M; Shirai, N; Sugimoto, M, 2004)	0.32
" Novel dosage formulations of lansoprazole that may be appropriate for patients with dysphagia include the commercially manufactured lansoprazole strawberry-flavored enteric-coated granules for suspension and lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablets."	( Management of acid-related disorders in patients with dysphagia. Howden, CW, 2004)	0.32
" The percentage of time that serum concentrations remain above the MIC(90) during the dosing interval (T > MIC(90)) for Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus associated with the pharmacokinetic profiles was calculated."	( A randomized crossover study investigating the influence of ranitidine or omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of cephalexin monohydrate. Adejare, A; George, M; Madaras-Kelly, K; May, MP; Michas, P, 2004)	0.55
" Daytime heartburn, night-time heartburn and regurgitation were significantly better controlled with pantoprazole (with a dose-response at most time-points)."	( Pantoprazole provides rapid and sustained symptomatic relief in patients treated for erosive oesophagitis. Bochenek, WJ; Fraga, PD; Mack, ME; Metz, DC, 2004)	0.32
"To determine whether an increased dosage of esomeprazole 40 mg twice daily in triple therapy improved the Helicobacter pylori eradication rate for patients with different genotypes of S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)."	( Esomeprazole 40 mg twice daily in triple therapy and the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication related to CYP2C19 metabolism. Chen, TW; Cheng, HC; Hunag, SF; Kao, AW; Lu, CC; Sheu, BS; Wu, JJ, 2005)	1.31
"To determine the efficacy of nasogastric administration of omeprazole suspension in raising the gastric pH >4 in critically ill pediatric patients and to determine the most appropriate dosing regimen for this indication."	( Failure of nasogastric omeprazole suspension in pediatric intensive care patients. Cash, JJ; Haizlip, JA; Lugo, RA; Vernon, DD, 2005)	0.88
"Continuous gastric pH monitoring was performed during administration and dose titration of omeprazole suspension to achieve the goal of gastric pH >4 for greater than 75% of the dosing interval."	( Failure of nasogastric omeprazole suspension in pediatric intensive care patients. Cash, JJ; Haizlip, JA; Lugo, RA; Vernon, DD, 2005)	0.86
" Our aim was to study responses to potent acid inhibition by characterizing genome-wide gene expression changes in gastric corpus mucosa in rats dosed with the PPI omeprazole."	( Molecular characterization of rat gastric mucosal response to potent acid inhibition. Fossmark, R; Laegreid, A; Langaas, M; Nørsett, KG; Sandvik, AK; Waldum, HL; Wörlund, S, 2005)	0.52
" These pharmacokinetic characteristics confirm the suitability of this oral solid dosage form for use in future clinical trials."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate in healthy volunteers and patients undergoing total hip replacement. Ahnfelt, L; Dahl, OE; Eriksson, BI; Nehmiz, G; Rathgen, K; Stähle, H; Stangier, J; Svärd, R, 2005)	0.33
"A concomitant dosage regimen of a histamine 2 receptor antagonist with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) effectively decreases the incidence of nocturnal acid breakthrough, which is one of the problems encountered when acid-related diseases are treated with a PPI alone."	( Comparison of an increased dosage regimen of rabeprazole versus a concomitant dosage regimen of famotidine with rabeprazole for nocturnal gastric acid inhibition in relation to cytochrome P450 2C19 genotypes. Furuta, T; Hishida, A; Ishizaki, T; Kajimura, M; Nakamura, A; Ohashi, K; Shirai, N; Sugimoto, M, 2005)	0.33
"The combination regimen of famotidine plus rabeprazole is more effective for nocturnal acid inhibition in homozygous and heterozygous EMs than the increased dosage regimen of rabeprazole."	( Comparison of an increased dosage regimen of rabeprazole versus a concomitant dosage regimen of famotidine with rabeprazole for nocturnal gastric acid inhibition in relation to cytochrome P450 2C19 genotypes. Furuta, T; Hishida, A; Ishizaki, T; Kajimura, M; Nakamura, A; Ohashi, K; Shirai, N; Sugimoto, M, 2005)	0.33
"To determine the minimal effective dosage of omeprazole oral paste for the prevention of naturally occurring ulcers in horses starting race training."	( Efficacy of omeprazole paste for prevention of gastric ulcers in horses in race training. Alva, R; Bernard, W; Cramer, LG; Doucet, MY; Fleishman, C; Holste, JE; McClure, SR; Sifferman, RL; Vrins, A; White, GW, 2005)	0.97
" CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE; Results indicated that omeprazole administered at a dosage of 1 mg/kg, PO, every 24 hours for 28 days was effective for prevention of gastric ulcers in horses starting race training."	( Efficacy of omeprazole paste for prevention of gastric ulcers in horses in race training. Alva, R; Bernard, W; Cramer, LG; Doucet, MY; Fleishman, C; Holste, JE; McClure, SR; Sifferman, RL; Vrins, A; White, GW, 2005)	0.95
"Horses with gastric ulcers were treated with omeprazole at a dosage of 4 mg/kg (1."	( Efficacy of omeprazole paste for prevention of recurrence of gastric ulcers in horses in race training. Alva, R; Bernard, W; Cramer, LG; Fleishman, C; Holste, JE; Hughes, FE; McClure, SR; Sifferman, RL; White, GW, 2005)	0.97
"Omeprazole oral paste administered at a dosage of 1 mg/kg, PO, every 24 hours for 28 days was effective for prevention of recurrence of gastric ulcers in horses in race training."	( Efficacy of omeprazole paste for prevention of recurrence of gastric ulcers in horses in race training. Alva, R; Bernard, W; Cramer, LG; Fleishman, C; Holste, JE; Hughes, FE; McClure, SR; Sifferman, RL; White, GW, 2005)	2.15
"Ten normal subjects underwent two 8-day oral dosing regimens with placebo or rabeprazole 20 mg each morning in a randomized, double-blind protocol."	( The effect of rabeprazole on regional gastric acidity and the postprandial cardia/gastro-oesophageal junction acid layer in normal subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Doma, S; Fisher, RS; Parkman, HP; Simonian, HP; Vo, L, 2005)	0.33
" In all genotype groups, serum gastrin increased during the first 3 months of dosing but stabilized thereafter."	( Effect of CYP2C19 polymorphism on the safety and efficacy of omeprazole in Japanese patients with recurrent reflux oesophagitis. Aoyama, N; Arakawa, T; Chida, N; Fujimoto, K; Hamada, S; Hoshino, E; Inoue, M; Kawahara, Y; Konda, Y; Maekawa, T; Mine, T; Mitachi, Y; Nagai, T; Nakajima, M; Ohkusa, T; Sato, N; Seno, H; Shimatani, T; Tadokoro, K; Yoshida, N, 2005)	0.57
" Fifty-four gastro-oesophageal reflux disease patients were assigned to treatment with famotidine at a dosage of 20 mg twice daily; or omeprazole, 20 mg once daily, for a period of 8 weeks."	( Efficacy of famotidine and omeprazole in healing symptoms of non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: randomized-controlled study of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Fujita, F; Itoh, K; Itoh, M; Joh, T; Kataoka, H; Kubota, E; Mori, Y; Nakao, H; Ogasawara, N; Ohara, H; Oshima, T; Sasaki, M; Sobue, S; Tanida, S; Togawa, S; Wada, T; Yamada, T, 2005)	0.83
"To compare the ability of immediate-release omeprazole with pantoprazole to control nocturnal gastric acidity, when they were dosed once daily and twice daily."	( Comparison of the effects of immediate-release omeprazole powder for oral suspension and pantoprazole delayed-release tablets on nocturnal acid breakthrough in patients with symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Bagin, R; Castell, D; Goldlust, B; Hepburn, B; Major, J, 2005)	0.85
"Dosed once daily at bedtime, immediate-release omeprazole reduced nocturnal gastric acidity to a degree not observed with once daily dosing of delayed-release proton-pump inhibitors."	( Comparison of the effects of immediate-release omeprazole powder for oral suspension and pantoprazole delayed-release tablets on nocturnal acid breakthrough in patients with symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Bagin, R; Castell, D; Goldlust, B; Hepburn, B; Major, J, 2005)	0.84
" Lansoprazole was dosed after breakfast and dinner."	( Effect of concomitant dosing of famotidine with lansoprazole on gastric acid secretion in relation to CYP2C19 genotype status. Furuta, T; Hishida, A; Kajimura, M; Nakamura, A; Okudaira, K; Shirai, N; Sugimoto, M, 2005)	0.33
" For the better PPI-based treatment, doses and dosing schemes of PPIs should be optimized based on CYP2C19 genotype status."	( Influence of CYP2C19 pharmacogenetic polymorphism on proton pump inhibitor-based therapies. Furuta, T; Hishida, A; Ishizaki, T; Nakamura, A; Shirai, N; Sugimoto, M, 2005)	0.33
"Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is frequently treated with empiric proton-pump inhibitors (PPI), but the optimal dosing and duration is unknown."	( Laryngopharyngeal reflux: prospective cohort study evaluating optimal dose of proton-pump inhibitor therapy and pretherapy predictors of response. Abelson, TI; Hicks, DM; Khandwala, F; Milstein, C; Park, W; Richter, JE; Vaezi, MF, 2005)	0.33
" Therefore it is administered at reduced as well as high dosages in eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori; however, there is incomplete assessment of the efficacy of a reduced dosage of rabeprazole as might be employed in therapy."	( Acid-suppressive efficacy of a reduced dosage of rabeprazole: comparison of 10 mg twice daily rabeprazole with 20 mg twice daily rabeprazole, 30 mg twice daily lansoprazole, and 20 mg twice daily omeprazole by 24-hr intragastric pH-metry. Horikawa, Y; Inoue, M; Kuroiwa, T; Nakamura, M; Shimatani, T; Tazuma, S; Xu, J, 2005)	0.52
" dosing of rabeprazole."	( Lack of predictors of normalization of oesophageal acid exposure in Barrett's oesophagus. Hall, M; Higbee, A; Mathur, S; Sampliner, RE; Sharma, P; Wani, S; Weston, AP, 2005)	0.33
" The results of studies comparing the clinical efficacy of different PPI dosage forms and routes of administration, safety considerations, and cost-effectiveness analyses are among the factors to consider when making formulary decisions for this class of drugs."	( Proton pump inhibitor formulary considerations in the acutely ill. Part 2: Clinical efficacy, safety, and economics. Devlin, JW; Olsen, KM; Welage, LS, 2005)	0.33
" Long-term dosing schedule (high dose or step-down dose) was based on current market data."	( Cost-effectiveness comparison of current proton-pump inhibitors to treat gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in the UK. Brown, RE; Remák, E; Robinson, A; Yuen, C, 2005)	0.33
" We found out that in the same period she had autonomously increased the dosage of omeprazole to 80 mg/day, due to worsening of dyspepsia."	( Gastric pH, sevelamer hydrochloride and omeprazole. Capitanini, A; Del Corso, C; Gallieni, M; Lupi, A; Osteri, F; Petrone, I; Rossi, A; Straniti, M, 2005)	0.82
" Administration of immediate-release omeprazole at bedtime results in a rapid and sustained elevation of gastric pH, and seems to provide better night time control of gastric acidity than that observed with conventional morning dosing of delayed-release proton pump inhibitors."	( Review of immediate-release omeprazole for the treatment of gastric acid-related disorders. Castell, D, 2005)	0.9
" Methods to optimize nocturnal acid control include careful attention to dosing schedule, using higher doses of PPIs, adding an histamine H2-receptor antagonist at bedtime to once or twice daily delayed-release PPI, or using immediate-release omeprazole (Zegerid powder for oral suspension; Santarus, Inc."	( Review article: putting immediate-release proton-pump inhibitors into clinical practice--improving nocturnal acid control and avoiding the possible complications of excessive acid exposure. Katz, PO, 2005)	0.51
" In humans, once-daily dosing of 5-40 mg of rabeprazole inhibits gastric acid secretion in a dose-dependent manner."	( Rabeprazole: the role of proton pump inhibitors in Helicobacter pylori eradication. Sharara, AI, 2005)	0.33
" When a single esomeprazole dose and multiple dosing were compared, the low contribution of CYP2C19 to the elimination of esomeprazole decreased further by 50%."	( Esomeprazole-induced healing of gastroesophageal reflux disease is unrelated to the genotype of CYP2C19: evidence from clinical and pharmacokinetic data. Hofmann, U; Klotz, U; Leodolter, A; Malfertheiner, P; Schaeffeler, E; Schwab, M; Treiber, G, 2005)	1.39
" The setting-specific appropriateness of the IV PPI indication and dosing regimen was determined."	( Inappropriate use of intravenous pantoprazole: extent of the problem and successful solutions. Bates, D; Kaplan, GG; McDonald, D; Panaccione, R; Romagnuolo, J, 2005)	0.33
" Both indication and dosing regimen were appropriate in 21%."	( Inappropriate use of intravenous pantoprazole: extent of the problem and successful solutions. Bates, D; Kaplan, GG; McDonald, D; Panaccione, R; Romagnuolo, J, 2005)	0.33
" A therapeutical scheme (omeprazole, metronidazole, amoxicilline) obtained a further pathogenetic substantiation of B type CG patient treatment with additional antioxidant vitamin E use at the dosage of 300 mg/day for three weeks."	( [Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in treatment dynamics of patients with chronic gastritis]. Postavnyĭ, VE, 2005)	0.63
"Lansoprazole administered as a 60-mg intravenous bolus followed by 6-mg/h continuous infusion produced intragastric pH effects comparable with those of higher dosage regimens."	( Dose-response evaluation of the antisecretory effect of continuous infusion intravenous lansoprazole regimens over 48 h. Amer, F; Howden, CW; Hunt, B; Kukulka, M; Metz, DC; Samra, N; Vakily, M, 2006)	0.33
"To compare the effects on intragastric acidity of times of dosing of tenatoprazole, a novel imidazopyridine-based proton pump inhibitor with a prolonged plasma half-life."	( Comparison of the effects of fasting morning, fasting evening and fed bedtime administration of tenatoprazole on intragastric pH in healthy volunteers: a randomized three-way crossover study. Cohen, P; Domagala, F; Ficheux, H; Fiorentini, P; Homerin, M; Taccoen, A; Thomson, AB, 2006)	0.33
" Rats were dosed daily for 3 days with FLU at 500, 250, 62."	( Profiling the hepatic effects of flutamide in rats: a microarray comparison with classical aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands and atypical CYP1A inducers. Caguyong, M; Cheng, O; Coe, KJ; Dai, X; He, Y; Nelson, SD; Roberts, CJ; Slatter, JG; Ulrich, RG, 2006)	0.33
" Pre-meal dosing maximizes efficacy while sub-optimal dose timing may limit efficacy."	( Sub-optimal proton pump inhibitor dosing is prevalent in patients with poorly controlled gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Gunaratnam, NT; Inadomi, J; Jessup, TP; Lascewski, DP, 2006)	0.33
"To determine the prevalence of sub-optimal proton pump inhibitor dosing in a community-based gastro-oesophageal reflux disease population."	( Sub-optimal proton pump inhibitor dosing is prevalent in patients with poorly controlled gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Gunaratnam, NT; Inadomi, J; Jessup, TP; Lascewski, DP, 2006)	0.33
"One hundred patients on proton pump inhibitors referred for persistent gastro-oesophageal reflux disease symptoms were questioned about their proton pump inhibitor dosing habits and classified as optimal or sub-optimal dosers."	( Sub-optimal proton pump inhibitor dosing is prevalent in patients with poorly controlled gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Gunaratnam, NT; Inadomi, J; Jessup, TP; Lascewski, DP, 2006)	0.33
"Forty-six percent dosed optimally."	( Sub-optimal proton pump inhibitor dosing is prevalent in patients with poorly controlled gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Gunaratnam, NT; Inadomi, J; Jessup, TP; Lascewski, DP, 2006)	0.33
"In this study, 54% of patients dosed proton pump inhibitors sub-optimally and only 12% dosed in a manner that maximized acid suppression."	( Sub-optimal proton pump inhibitor dosing is prevalent in patients with poorly controlled gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Gunaratnam, NT; Inadomi, J; Jessup, TP; Lascewski, DP, 2006)	0.33
" Consequently, higher dosage requirements can be expected among most of the Jordanian Arabics."	( Possible interethnic differences in omeprazole pharmacokinetics : comparison of Jordanian Arabs with other populations. Shilbayeh, S; Tutunji, MF, 2006)	0.61
" The method could be successfully applied to the determination of pure, laboratory prepared mixtures and pharmaceutical dosage forms."	( Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of lansoprazole, omeprazole and pantoprazole sodium sesquihydrate in presence of their Acid-induced degradation products. El-Bardicy, MG; El-Sherif, ZA; El-Tarras, MF; Mohamed, AO, 2006)	0.55
" Each treatment was dosed for 3 consecutive days with a washout period of 7 days between dosing periods."	( Administration of an alginate based gastric reflux suppressant on the bioavailability of omeprazole. Baxter, T; Choubey, S; Dettmar, PW; Hampson, FC; Jain, A; Little, SL, 2006)	0.56
" Because the design, dosage and duration of the treatments were different between the studies, it was not possible to conduct meta-analysis."	( Additional bedtime H2-receptor antagonist for the control of nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough: a Cochrane systematic review. Liu, FC; Pan, T; Wang, YP; Yang, JL, 2006)	0.33
" Section headings with the least conformity with study references were those related to dosage (57 +/- 28%) and side effects (54 +/- 30%)."	( Assessment of prescribing information for generic drugs manufactured in the Middle East and marketed in Saudi Arabia. Al Haidari, K; Gebran, N, )	0.13
" Proton pump inhibitors can modify the intragastric release of other drugs from their dosage forms by elevating pH (e."	( Pharmacokinetic drug interaction profiles of proton pump inhibitors. Blume, H; Donath, F; Schug, BS; Warnke, A, 2006)	0.33
" Patients were randomized double-blindly to taper down or continue a constant dosage of omeprazole for three weeks."	( Discontinuation of proton pump inhibitors in patients on long-term therapy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Abrahamsson, H; Agerforz, P; Björnsson, E; Jensen, C; Kilander, A; Mattsson, N; Simrén, M, 2006)	0.56
" Based on the calculated metabolic ratios it could be shown that CYP3A4 plays a major role in kinetics of esomeprozale, particularly after multiple dosing when there is a metabolic shift in favor of the formation of the sulfone."	( Clinical impact of CYP2C19 polymorphism on the action of proton pump inhibitors: a review of a special problem. Klotz, U, 2006)	0.33
"To compare repeated once daily bedtime dosing of IR-OME, lansoprazole and esomeprazole on nocturnal gastric acidity."	( Comparison of the effects of immediate-release omeprazole oral suspension, delayed-release lansoprazole capsules and delayed-release esomeprazole capsules on nocturnal gastric acidity after bedtime dosing in patients with night-time GERD symptoms. Bagin, RG; Ballard, ED; Checani, GC; Gautille, TC; Hogan, DL; Katz, PO; Koch, FK; Pratha, VS, 2007)	0.83
" Bedtime dosing with IR-OME may be effective for patients with night-time heartburn."	( Comparison of the effects of immediate-release omeprazole oral suspension, delayed-release lansoprazole capsules and delayed-release esomeprazole capsules on nocturnal gastric acidity after bedtime dosing in patients with night-time GERD symptoms. Bagin, RG; Ballard, ED; Checani, GC; Gautille, TC; Hogan, DL; Katz, PO; Koch, FK; Pratha, VS, 2007)	0.6
" The oral administration of omeprazole has been shown to be effective in both treating horses with gastric ulceration and at preventing re-occurrence whilst the horses are in training, provided that daily dosing is maintained."	( Equine gastric ulcer syndrome in adult horses: a review. Bell, RJ; Kingston, JK; Mogg, TD, 2007)	0.63
"Horses at 4 trial locations were allocated into replicates and sham dosed orally (empty syringe) or treated with a paste formulation of omeprazole (1 mg/kg [0."	( Effects of short-term light to heavy exercise on gastric ulcer development in horses and efficacy of omeprazole paste in preventing gastric ulceration. Cramer, LG; Fleishman, C; Holste, JE; McClure, SR; Murray, MJ; Sifferman, R; White, G, 2007)	0.76
" Moreover, rabeprazole may be administered safely in standard doses with no need to change the dosage of the other pharmaceutical drugs taken simultaneously in nephropathic patients, patients undergoing dialysis and transplanted patients."	( [Protonic pump inhibitors in kidney transplant patients: efficacy and safety]. Cianciolo, G; Comai, G; Feliciangeli, G; Stefoni, S, 2007)	0.34
"To identify the optimal pharmacodynamic dosing regimen for esomeprazole administered intravenously (i."	( Suppression of gastric acid with intravenous esomeprazole and omeprazole: results of 3 studies in healthy subjects. Fjellman, M; Kilhamn, J; Lind, T; Röhss, K; Wilder-Smith, C, 2007)	0.84
" dosage regimen of 80 + 8 mg/h appeared to be optimal for acid suppression in healthy subjects under study."	( Suppression of gastric acid with intravenous esomeprazole and omeprazole: results of 3 studies in healthy subjects. Fjellman, M; Kilhamn, J; Lind, T; Röhss, K; Wilder-Smith, C, 2007)	0.6
" The results of this study will be useful for drug dosage recommendations in Colombian mestizos."	( Phenotype-genotype analysis of CYP2C19 in Colombian mestizo individuals. Beltrán, L; Henao, J; Isaza, C; Martínez, JH; Sepúlveda Arias, JC, 2007)	0.34
" Elevated serum gastrin levels occurred in 73% of children with no statistically significant differences in gastrin level by PPI type, dose, and dosing frequency or treatment duration."	( Long-term proton pump inhibitor use in children: a retrospective review of safety. Boyer, K; Tolia, V, 2008)	0.35
" For eradication, European, Canadian, and American guidelines recommend a regimen consisting of a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin, and metronidazole or amoxicillin dosed twice daily for at least 7 days."	( An alternative salvage regimen for Helicobacter pylori-resistant patients with heart failure. Cantu, M; Ferguson, D; Page, RL, 2008)	0.35
" Medical charts were reviewed in a subset of patients to gather dosing information."	( Proton pump inhibitor utilization patterns in infants. Bakst, AW; Barron, JJ; Singer, J; Spalding, J; Tan, H, 2007)	0.34
" These data offer valuable information on current PPI dosing patterns that may be used to design future clinical trials for assessment of gastroesophageal reflux disease regimens and clinical outcomes in the infant population."	( Proton pump inhibitor utilization patterns in infants. Bakst, AW; Barron, JJ; Singer, J; Spalding, J; Tan, H, 2007)	0.34
" In the presence of omeprazole, nelfinavir area under the concentration-time curve over the dosing interval (AUC(tau)), maximum observed plasma concentration (C(max)), and minimum observed plasma concentration (C(min)) were reduced by an average of 36%, 37%, and 39%, respectively, relative to administration of nelfinavir alone."	( Significant decrease in nelfinavir systemic exposure after omeprazole coadministration in healthy subjects. Crownover, PH; Damle, BD; Fang, AF; Glue, PW; Hewlett, D; LaBadie, RR, 2008)	0.91
"In this study, the influence of CYP2C19 on both the pharmacokinetics and dynamics in Caucasian subjects after single and repeated dosing has been investigated."	( Effect of CYP2C19*2 and *17 mutations on pharmacodynamics and kinetics of proton pump inhibitors in Caucasians. Franck, PF; Geus, WP; Hunfeld, NG; Kuipers, EJ; Mathot, RA; Mulder, PG; Touw, DJ; van Schaik, RH, 2008)	0.35
" *1/*2 genotype showed a significant acid-inhibitory effect after repeated dosing with L15 and O10."	( Effect of CYP2C19*2 and *17 mutations on pharmacodynamics and kinetics of proton pump inhibitors in Caucasians. Franck, PF; Geus, WP; Hunfeld, NG; Kuipers, EJ; Mathot, RA; Mulder, PG; Touw, DJ; van Schaik, RH, 2008)	0.35
" Because of the accelerated temperature conditions during DSC experiments applied in this work, ATR-IR was undertaken to determine whether these results occurred at room temperature for the solid dosage form."	( Compatibility studies between mannitol and omeprazole sodium isomers. Agatonovic-Kustrin, S; Ginic-Markovic, M; Glass, BD; Mangan, M; Markovic, N, 2008)	0.61
"Comparative studies of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have revealed that acid reflux is influenced by PPI treatment, formulations and dosing regimens."	( Ninety-six-hour wireless oesophageal pH monitoring following proton pump inhibitor administration in NERD patients. Brugnera, R; Calabrese, C; Di Febo, G; Gabusi, V; Gionchetti, P; Liguori, G; Rizzello, F; Straforini, G, 2008)	0.35
"Because of its unique pharmacokinetic properties, immediate-release omeprazole does not need to be dosed before a meal to control intragastric acidity."	( Control of 24-hour intragastric acidity with morning dosing of immediate-release and delayed-release proton pump inhibitors in patients with GERD. Bagin, RG; Ballard, ED; Gautille, TC; Howden, CW; Koch, FK, 2009)	0.59
"To compare the effects of prebreakfast dosing of immediate-release omeprazole 40 mg capsules, lansoprazole 30 mg capsules, and pantoprazole 40 mg tablets on 24-hour intragastric acidity."	( Control of 24-hour intragastric acidity with morning dosing of immediate-release and delayed-release proton pump inhibitors in patients with GERD. Bagin, RG; Ballard, ED; Gautille, TC; Howden, CW; Koch, FK, 2009)	0.59
"When dosed in the morning, immediate-release omeprazole provided significantly better control of 24-hour intragastric acidity than lansoprazole and pantoprazole."	( Control of 24-hour intragastric acidity with morning dosing of immediate-release and delayed-release proton pump inhibitors in patients with GERD. Bagin, RG; Ballard, ED; Gautille, TC; Howden, CW; Koch, FK, 2009)	0.61
" The behavior of pharmaceutical hydrates has become the object of increasing attention over the past decade, primarily due to the potential impact of hydrates on the development process and dosage form performance."	( Physico-chemical solid-state characterization of omeprazole sodium: thermal, spectroscopic and crystallinity studies. Carvalho Filho, MA; Cruz, AP; Lang, KL; Mendes, C; Murakami, FS; Silva, MA, 2009)	0.61
"A four-part, randomized, crossover study with healthy subjects evaluated the effects of gastric pH, the dosing frequency and prandial state, food consumption timing, and gastric motility on the absorption of posaconazole."	( Pharmacokinetics and absorption of posaconazole oral suspension under various gastric conditions in healthy volunteers. Krishna, G; Ma, L; McLeod, J; Medlock, MM; Moton, A, 2009)	0.35
" However, this does not appear to be clinically relevant given the usual dosage range and the drug's half-life (approx."	( The bioavailability of bromazepam, omeprazole and paracetamol given by nasogastric feeding tube. Berger-Gryllaki, M; Buclin, T; Pannatier, A; Podilsky, G; Roulet, M; Testa, B, 2009)	0.63
"Subjects were administered single dosage of 1 capsule of 20 mg of each formulation with 240 ml of water after 10 hs overnight fasting on 2 treatment days separated by one-week washout period."	( Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of 20 mg omeprazole capsule in 24 healthy Korean male volunteers. Hwang, KG; Kang, JS; Kim, YS; Lee, MH; Lee, YS; Park, JH; Park, YS; Rhim, SY; Shaw, LM, 2009)	0.61
" He was successfully treated by increasing his dosage of omeprazol (20 mg/day) for two weeks."	( Acute gastroduodenal injury after ingestion of diluted herbicide pendimethalin. Azuhata, H; Katoh, H; Kuwano, H; Tsukada, K, 2009)	0.35
" In a dose-response study, fecal ANC levels were proportional to the nitrite concentration squared."	( Effect of feeding nitrite, ascorbate, hemin, and omeprazole on excretion of fecal total apparent N-nitroso compounds in mice. Davis, ME; Gaikwad, NW; Lisowyj, MP; Mirvish, SS, 2008)	0.6
" We conducted a prospective controlled study with the aim of testing whether the vitamin C supplement to the therapy includes lower dosage of clarithromycin could have an acceptable influence on Helicobacter pylori eradication in comparison with routine anti-Helicobacter pylori regimen."	( Effect of addition of vitamin C to clarithromycin-amoxicillin-omeprazol triple regimen on Helicobacter pylori eradication. Derakhshan, F; Kaboli, SA; Mirsattari, D; Sheikhvatan, M; Talaie, R; Zali, MR; Zojaji, H, )	0.13
"Adding vitamin C might reduce the needed dosage of clarithromycin for eradication of Helicobacter pylori."	( Effect of addition of vitamin C to clarithromycin-amoxicillin-omeprazol triple regimen on Helicobacter pylori eradication. Derakhshan, F; Kaboli, SA; Mirsattari, D; Sheikhvatan, M; Talaie, R; Zali, MR; Zojaji, H, )	0.13
" The literature suggests three possibilities to explain the inadequacy of the substitution: (a) biphasic metabolism where the raised pH in the stomach may prematurely inactivate the PPI, with an unpredictable effect, (b) differences in acid-resistant coating of the generic products, and (c) influence of multiple dosing of PPIs after several days' use."	( [Why some proton pump inhibitors are more equal than others]. Lekkerkerker, JF; Mulder, CJ; Otten, MH, 2009)	0.35
" As there are specific characteristics of these patients that could alter the pharmacokinetics of the drugs, studies need to be performed to determine the most suitable dose and dosage interval."	( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous omeprazole in critically ill paediatric patients. López-Herce, J; Solana, MJ, 2010)	0.64
" Twenty-four hours after a 300 mg loading dose of clopidogrel, one group received a dosage of 75 mg/day of clopidogrel and a placebo for 14 days, followed 3 weeks later by the same protocol but with coadministration of 75 mg/day clopidogrel and 20 mg/day omeprazole instead."	( Effects of omeprazole on the antiplatelet activity of clopidogrel. Jeong, JW; Kim, NH; Oh, SK; Park, HY; Rhee, SJ; Yoo, NJ; Yun, KH, 2010)	0.93
" lansoprazole 15 mg, dosed before breakfast."	( Omeprazole-Mg 20.6 mg is superior to lansoprazole 15 mg for control of gastric acid: a comparison of over-the-counter doses of proton pump inhibitors. Erasala, GN; Gibb, RD; McKean, LA; McRorie, JW; Miner, PB; Ramsey, DL, 2010)	1.8
" Half of these patients were candidates for switching to the oral dosage form during their hospitalization, while only 36."	( Clinical and cost impact of intravenous proton pump inhibitor use in non-ICU patients. Dimassi, HI; Nasser, SC; Nassif, JG, 2010)	0.36
"1 mol/l HCl-KCl buffer should be administered orally, 15 min before the dosage form."	( Modification of gastric pH in the fasted dog. Abrahamsson, B; Albery, T; Dressman, J; Polentarutti, B, 2010)	0.36
" However, as with all drugs, PPIs should be dosed appropriately, and should be reserved for patients with conditions for which there is clear evidence of benefit from therapy."	( Editorial: just how "difficult" is it to withdraw PPI treatment? Howden, CW; Kahrilas, PJ, 2010)	0.36
"A novel HPTLC method has been developed and validated for quantitative determination of omeprazole (OPZ) in capsule dosage form."	( Stability-indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for quantitative determination of omeprazole in capsule dosage form. Ahmad, S; Alam, O; Jha, P; Khan, SA; Parveen, R, )	0.57
"To investigate the efficacy and safety of a new proton pump inhibitor (PPI), ilaprazole (IY-81149) in the treatment of duodenal ulcers and provide some characteristics of the dose-response relationship for later studies."	( A new PPI, ilaprazole compared with omeprazole in the treatment of duodenal ulcer: a randomized double-blind multicenter trial. Hu, H; Lin, S; Wang, L; Xia, J; Zhou, L, 2011)	0.64
"Four randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover studies were conducted among 282 healthy subjects to investigate whether an interaction exists between clopidogrel (300-mg loading dose/75-mg/day maintenance dose) and the proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) omeprazole (80 mg) when they are administered simultaneously (study 1); whether the interaction, if any, can be mitigated by administering clopidogrel and omeprazole 12 h apart (study 2) or by increasing clopidogrel to 600-mg loading/150-mg/day maintenance dosing (study 3); and whether the interaction applies equally to the PPI pantoprazole (80 mg) (study 4)."	( Differential effects of omeprazole and pantoprazole on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel in healthy subjects: randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover comparison studies. Angiolillo, DJ; Bergougnan, L; Cheng, S; Dubar, M; Gibson, CM; Hurbin, F; LaCreta, FP; Nicolas, O; Ollier, C; Perrin, L, 2011)	0.86
" The optimum assay conditions were investigated and the recovery of the drugs from their dosage forms ranged from 99."	( Spectrophotometric determination of peptic ulcer sulfur-containing drugs in bulk form and in tablets. El-Tantawy, AS; Khalil, SM; Mohamed, GG; Nour El-Dien, FA, 2010)	0.36
" If both Clopidogrel and PPI need to be prescribed, a split dosage regimen of PPI in the morning and clopidogrel in the evening can be recommended."	( [Dilemma between gastroprotection and cardiovascular prevention]. Kandulski, A; Malfertheiner, P; Venerito, M, 2010)	0.36
" The methodology developed was successfully applied to OMP quality control in pure drugs and tablet dosage forms without previous treatment, with good tolerance to common excipient, and a high level of concordance between the nominal and experimental values."	( Precision improvement for omeprazole determination through stability evaluation. Fernández, LP; Masi, AN; Peralta, CM, 2012)	0.68
" The results indicated that the structures of omeprazole or pantoprazole and kinds of metal ions together affected the binding interaction with BSA, which may have relevant consequence in rationalizing dosage for patients with gastric ulcer."	( Differential effects of Cu(II) and Fe(III) on the binding of omeprazole and pantoprazole to bovine serum albumin: toxic effect of metal ions on drugs. Chen, X; Liu, Y; Peng, M; Shi, S; Zhang, Y, 2011)	0.87
" Omeprazole produced significant dose-response effects on inhibition of multi-crypt foci (≥4)."	( Anti-carcinogenic properties of omeprazole against human colon cancer cells and azoxymethane-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci formation in rats. Li, Q; Patlolla, JM; Rao, CV; Steele, VE; Zhang, Y, 2012)	1.57
" Dose-response analyses were performed for various AhR ligands, including TCDD, 3-methylcholanthrene, indirubin, resveratrol, omeprazole, and SP600125."	( Novel stably transfected gene reporter human hepatoma cell line for assessment of aryl hydrocarbon receptor transcriptional activity: construction and characterization. Dvorak, Z; Novotna, A; Pavek, P, 2011)	0.58
" Pharmacokinetic profiling of orally dosed DPG or DPG with 60% loading of FA (DPG/FA60) was carried out in omeprazole-treated rats as a hypochlorhydric model."	( Improved dissolution and pharmacokinetic behavior of dipyridamole formulation with microenvironmental pH-modifier under hypochlorhydria. Inoue, R; Kawabata, Y; Onoue, S; Taniguchi, C; Wada, K; Yamada, S; Yamashita, K; Yamauchi, Y, 2012)	0.59
" The significant reduction in the AUC of 5-hydroxyomeprazole after repeated efavirenz dosing suggests induction of sequential metabolism and mixed inductive/inhibitory effects of efavirenz on CYP2C19."	( Induction of CYP2C19 and CYP3A activity following repeated administration of efavirenz in healthy volunteers. Aregbe, AO; Desta, Z; Flockhart, DA; Michaud, V; Ogburn, E; Quigg, TC; Thong, N, 2012)	0.63
" To compare the effect of once daily bedtime dosing of VECAM 40 and VECAM 20 without food vs OMP 20 mg administered before breakfast on gastric acidity."	( The effect of once daily omeprazole and succinic acid (VECAM) vs once daily omeprazole on 24-h intragastric pH. Atarot, T; Chowers, Y; Fass, R; Pratha, VS, 2012)	0.68
"To elucidate the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of omeprazole enantiomers and their metabolites after racemic IV dosing because there is little information about the stereoselective metabolism of omeprazole in in vivo study."	( Hydroxylation of R(+)- and S(-)-omeprazole after racemic dosing are different among the CYP2C19 genotypes. Akamine, Y; Shiohira, H; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yamada, S; Yasui-Furukori, N, 2012)	0.91
" Thus, the in vivo disposition of S(-)- and R(+)-omeprazole after racemic dosing may be different among the CYP2C19 genotypes."	( Hydroxylation of R(+)- and S(-)-omeprazole after racemic dosing are different among the CYP2C19 genotypes. Akamine, Y; Shiohira, H; Tateishi, T; Uno, T; Yamada, S; Yasui-Furukori, N, 2012)	0.92
" The primary outcome measure of recurrent bleeding was compared between the two dosage regimens and between early and late endoscopy."	( Effect of intravenous proton pump inhibitor regimens and timing of endoscopy on clinical outcomes of peptic ulcer bleeding. Ding, J; Fan, D; Gyawali, PC; Liu, L; Liu, N; Wu, K; Yang, Y; Yao, L; Zhang, D; Zhang, H, 2012)	0.38
" The specificity of the developed methods is investigated by analyzing laboratory prepared mixtures of the three drugs and their combined dosage form."	( Comparative study of novel spectrophotometric methods manipulating ratio spectra: an application on pharmaceutical ternary mixture of omeprazole, tinidazole and clarithromycin. Abdel-Monem Hagazy, M; Lotfy, HM, 2012)	0.58
"In the absence of clinical studies, the ability to project the direction and the magnitude of changes in bioavailability of drug therapy, using evidence-based mechanistic pharmacokinetic in silico models would be of significant value in guiding prescribers to make the necessary adjustments to dosage regimens for an increasing population of patients who are undergoing bariatric surgery."	( A mechanistic pharmacokinetic model to assess modified oral drug bioavailability post bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients: interplay between CYP3A gut wall metabolism, permeability and dissolution. Ammori, BJ; Ashcroft, DM; Darwich, AS; Jamei, M; Pade, D; Rostami-Hodjegan, A, 2012)	0.38
" In Experiment 2, the same experiment as Experiment 1 was performed, but the dosage of OPZ was 0 or 276 mg/kg."	( Liver tumor promoting effect of omeprazole in rats and its possible mechanism of action. Hayashi, H; Ishii, Y; Mitsumori, K; Morita, R; Shibutani, M; Shimamoto, K; Suzuki, K; Taniai, E, 2012)	0.66
" Omeprazole shifted the %maximum passive Mg(2+) transport-Mg(2+) concentration curves to the right, and increased the half maximal effective concentration of those dose-response curves, indicating a lower Mg(2+) affinity of the paracellular channel."	( Apical acidity decreases inhibitory effect of omeprazole on Mg(2+) absorption and claudin-7 and -12 expression in Caco-2 monolayers. Krishnamra, N; Thongon, N, 2012)	1.55
" Two 7-day treatments were separated by 14-day washout periods: (a) PA32540 + clopidogrel (300 mg loading/75 mg maintenance) 10 hours later and (b) synchronous dosing of clopidogrel + EC aspirin (81 mg) + EC omeprazole (40 mg)."	( Spaced administration of PA32540 and clopidogrel results in greater platelet inhibition than synchronous administration of enteric-coated aspirin and enteric-coated omeprazole and clopidogrel. Antonino, M; Bliden, KP; Chai, S; Fort, JG; Gesheff, M; Gesheff, T; Gurbel, PA; Jeong, YH; Shuldiner, A; Tantry, US; Zhang, Y, 2013)	0.77
"This single-centre, open-label, randomised, two-way crossover study in healthy volunteers compared 7 days of once-daily dosing with PA32540 with 7 days of once-daily EC-ASA 325 mg + EC-omeprazole 40 mg dosed concomitantly."	( Intragastric acidity and omeprazole exposure during dosing with either PA32540 (enteric-coated aspirin 325 mg + immediate-release omeprazole 40 mg) or enteric-coated aspirin 325 mg + enteric-coated omeprazole 40 mg - a randomised, phase 1, crossover study Fort, JG; Miner, PB; Zhang, Y, 2013)	0.88
"Twice-daily dosing of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is used to treat Helicobacter pylori or acid-related diseases, such as gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) refractory to standard dose of a PPI."	( Twice-daily dosing of esomeprazole effectively inhibits acid secretion in CYP2C19 rapid metabolisers compared with twice-daily omeprazole, rabeprazole or lansoprazole. Furuta, T; Ichikawa, H; Iwaizumi, M; Miyajima, H; Osawa, S; Sahara, S; Sugimoto, K; Sugimoto, M; Umemura, K; Uotani, T; Yamada, T; Yamade, M, 2013)	0.7
"To compare acid-inhibitory effects of the four PPIs dosed twice daily in relation to CYP2C19 genotype."	( Twice-daily dosing of esomeprazole effectively inhibits acid secretion in CYP2C19 rapid metabolisers compared with twice-daily omeprazole, rabeprazole or lansoprazole. Furuta, T; Ichikawa, H; Iwaizumi, M; Miyajima, H; Osawa, S; Sahara, S; Sugimoto, K; Sugimoto, M; Umemura, K; Uotani, T; Yamada, T; Yamade, M, 2013)	0.7
"In intermediate and rapid metabolisers of CYP2C19, PPIs dosed twice daily could attain sufficient acid suppression, while in CYP2C19 RMs, esomeprazole 20 mg twice daily caused the strongest inhibition of the four PPIs."	( Twice-daily dosing of esomeprazole effectively inhibits acid secretion in CYP2C19 rapid metabolisers compared with twice-daily omeprazole, rabeprazole or lansoprazole. Furuta, T; Ichikawa, H; Iwaizumi, M; Miyajima, H; Osawa, S; Sahara, S; Sugimoto, K; Sugimoto, M; Umemura, K; Uotani, T; Yamada, T; Yamade, M, 2013)	0.9
"Co-administration of probe substrates midazolam, pioglitazone, omeprazole, and rosuvastatin following repeat dosing of vercirnon 500 mg BID demonstrated vercirnon had no clinically significant effect on CYP3A4, CYP2C8, CYP2C19 enzyme activity or BCRP or OATP1B1 transporter activity."	( Effects of vercirnon on the activity of CYP3A4, CYP2C19 and CYP2C8 enzymes and BCRP and OATP1B1 transporters using probe substrates. Cargill, A; Haberer, LJ; McCarthy, L; McSherry, I, 2014)	0.64
"A blinded, randomised, dose-response clinical trial."	( A comparison of two doses of omeprazole in the treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome: a blinded, randomised, clinical trial. Hallowell, GD; Sykes, BW; Sykes, KM, 2014)	0.69
"The results suggest that a dose-response exists for the treatment of both squamous and glandular ulcers."	( A comparison of two doses of omeprazole in the treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome: a blinded, randomised, clinical trial. Hallowell, GD; Sykes, BW; Sykes, KM, 2014)	0.69
" All subjects also received omeprazole 20 mg each morning beginning 4 days prior to the first treatment period and continuing through danirixin dosing in the final treatment period."	( The pharmacokinetics of conventional and bioenhanced tablet formulations of danirixin (GSK1325756) following oral administration in healthy, elderly, human volunteers. Ambery, CL; Bloomer, JC; Connolly, P; Lazaar, AL; Miller, BE; Mistry, S; Sanderson, D; Shreeves, T; Smart, K; Smith, R, 2014)	0.7
" Therefore, sucroferric oxyhydroxide may be administered concomitantly without the need to adjust the dosage regimens of these drugs."	( Drug-drug interactions between sucroferric oxyhydroxide and losartan, furosemide, omeprazole, digoxin and warfarin in healthy subjects. Chong, E; Kalia, V; Willsie, S; Winkle, P, 2014)	0.63
"A blinded, randomised, dose-response clinical trial."	( A comparison of three doses of omeprazole in the treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome: A blinded, randomised, dose-response clinical trial. Hallowell, GD; Sykes, BW; Sykes, KM, 2015)	0.7
"Pelletized dosage forms can be prepared by different methods which, in general, are time consuming and labor intensive."	( Development and evaluation of omeprazole pellets fabricated by sieving-spheronization and extrusion - spheronization process. Baie, SH; Bukhari, NI; Hay, YK; Karim, S, 2014)	0.69
"Using pH monitoring, we compared acid inhibition at standard dosage of omeprazole (20 mg, 50 times), lansoprazole (30 mg, 68 times), and rabeprazole (10 mg, 65 times) in Helicobacter pylori-negative healthy young Japanese volunteers."	( Comparison of acid inhibition with standard dosages of proton pump inhibitors in relation to CYP2C19 genotype in Japanese. Furuta, T; Ichikawa, H; Kagami, T; Kodaira, C; Nishino, M; Sahara, S; Shirai, N; Sugimoto, K; Sugimoto, M; Uotani, T, 2014)	0.64
"Twenty-one patients with primary hypothyroidism who had been using a stabilized levothyroxine dosage for at least one year were selected and randomly assigned to take omeprazole at the dosage of 40 mg or 20 mg per day."	( Is it necessary to increase the dose of levothyroxine in patients with hypothyroidism who use omeprazole? Abi-Abib, Rde C; Vaisman, M, 2014)	0.82
"Omeprazole in the dosage of 20 or 40 mg/day does not interfere in a clinically relevant manner in the treatment of patients with hypothyroidism that was previously under control."	( Is it necessary to increase the dose of levothyroxine in patients with hypothyroidism who use omeprazole? Abi-Abib, Rde C; Vaisman, M, 2014)	2.06
" Examination of eradication rates according to CAM dosage revealed an eradication rate of 65."	( Changes in the first line Helicobacter pylori eradication rates using the triple therapy-a multicenter study in the Tokyo metropolitan area (Tokyo Helicobacter pylori study group). Asaoka, D; Ito, M; Kawai, T; Kawakami, K; Kurihara, N; Masaoaka, T; Matsuhisa, T; Mine, T; Mizuno, S; Nagahara, A; Nishizawa, T; Ohkusa, T; Omata, F; Sakaki, N; Sasaki, H; Suzuki, H; Suzuki, M; Takahashi, S; Tokunaga, K; Torii, A, 2014)	0.4
" In the ranitidine study, on day 13, participants were randomized to either concomitant dosing (treatment B) or staggered administration (treatment C) of erlotinib and ranitidine and crossed over to the other treatment starting on day 27."	( Effect of gastric pH on erlotinib pharmacokinetics in healthy individuals: omeprazole and ranitidine. Abt, M; Ducray, PS; Giraudon, M; Hamilton, M; Kletzl, H; Lum, BL, 2015)	0.65
" This may lead to early identification of ethnic sensitivity in clearance and the need for different dosing regimens in a specific ethnic group for substrates of CYP2C19 which can support the rational design of bridging clinical trials."	( Evaluating a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for prediction of omeprazole clearance and assessing ethnic sensitivity in CYP2C19 metabolic pathway. Cleary, Y; Feng, S; Hu, P; Parrott, N; Shi, J; Wang, Y; Weber, C; Yin, OQ, 2015)	0.65
"To examine the effects of PO administered ranitidine and omeprazole on intragastric pH in cats and to compare the efficacy of once-daily versus twice-daily dosage regimens for omeprazole."	( The effect of orally administered ranitidine and once-daily or twice-daily orally administered omeprazole on intragastric pH in cats. Hartnack, S; Kook, PH; Reusch, CE; Ruetten, M; Šutalo, S, )	0.6
"01) by subgroup according to dosage by random effects model, and a significant difference between esomeprazole 40 mg vs."	( Comparative effectiveness and tolerability of esomeprazole and omeprazole in gastro-esophageal reflux disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Liu, L; Qi, Q; Wang, R; Wang, S; Zhao, F, 2015)	0.89
" However, its pharmacokinetic and chemical instability does not allow simple aqueous dosage form formulation synthesis for therapy of, especially child, these patients."	( Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Omeprazole Granule and Suspension Forms in Children: A Randomized, Parallel Pilot Trial. Dehghanzadeh, G; Haghighat, M; Karami, S; Mirzaei, R; Rahimi, HR, 2016)	0.72
" The daily dosage of GERD medications, measured as omeprazole equivalents (mean ± SD, mg), decreased from 66."	( Long-term follow-up results of endoscopic treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease with the MUSE™ endoscopic stapling device. Bapaye, A; Bonavina, L; Kessler, WR; Kim, HJ; Kwon, CI; Lehman, GA; McNulty, G; Selzer, DJ, 2016)	0.69
"A high-throughput 96-microwell plate fluorometric method was developed and validated to determine omeprazole (OMZ) in its dosage forms."	( A Validated High-Throughput Fluorometric Method for Determination of Omeprazole in Quality Control Laboratory via Charge Transfer Sensitized Fluorescence. Ahmed, SA; Mahmoud, AM, 2016)	0.89
"A novel, simple, sensitive, selective and reproducible stability-indicating high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the quantitative determination of degradation products and process-related impurities of ketoprofen (KET) and omeprazole (OMZ) in combined oral solid dosage form."	( Development and Validation of a Novel Stability-Indicating RP-HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Related Substances of Ketoprofen and Omeprazole in Combined Capsule Dosage Form. Anireddy, JS; Koppala, S; Reddy, VR, )	0.51
"Randomized patients with available aspirin dosing information in COGENT (N = 3,752) were divided into "low-dose" (≤ 100 mg) and "high-dose" (>100 mg) aspirin groups."	( Proton-Pump Inhibitors Reduce Gastrointestinal Events Regardless of Aspirin Dose in Patients Requiring Dual Antiplatelet Therapy. Bhatt, DL; Cannon, CP; Cohen, M; Cryer, BL; Doros, G; Goldsmith, MA; Hsieh, WH; Laine, L; Lanas, A; Lapuerta, P; Liu, Y; Schnitzer, TJ; Shook, TL; Vaduganathan, M, 2016)	0.43
" dosing for 5 days."	( Investigation of the effect of food and omeprazole on the relative bioavailability of a single oral dose of 240 mg faldaprevir, a selective inhibitor of HCV NS3/4 protease, in an open-label, randomized, three-way cross-over trial in healthy participants. Elgadi, M; Gießmann, T; Huang, F; Lang, B; Wu, J, 2016)	0.7
" Generally, maintenance doses depend upon drug clearance, so individual dosage regimens should be customized for HCC patients based on the condition of patients."	( Changes in cytochrome P450s-mediated drug clearance in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo: a bottom-up approach. Fang, Y; Gao, J; Gao, N; He, XP; Jia, LJ; Jin, H; Qiao, HL; Tian, X; Wen, Q; Zhang, YF; Zhou, J, 2016)	0.43
"Twice-daily dosing of proton pump inhibitor (PPI), the standard therapy for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is an effective therapy for GERD in SSc."	( Effectiveness of add-on therapy with domperidone vs alginic acid in proton pump inhibitor partial response gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in systemic sclerosis: randomized placebo-controlled trial. Chunlertrith, K; Foocharoen, C; Mahakkanukrauh, A; Mairiang, P; Namvijit, S; Nanagara, R; Suwannaroj, S; Wantha, O, 2017)	0.46
" Each rat to receive nebivolol and omeprazole was given the agent orally (by gavage) daily for 10 days prior to induction of ulcer by oral dosing with INDO."	( Nebivolol prevents indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. El-Ashmawy, NE; El-Bahrawy, HA; Khedr, EG; Selim, HM, 2016)	0.71
" Therefore, the use of singular dosing recommendations that encompass all horse types and management conditions may not be appropriate and dosing recommendations that take into account the diet of the horse may be advantageous."	( The effects of dose and diet on the pharmacodynamics of omeprazole in the horse. Greer, R; McGowan, CM; Mills, PC; Sykes, BW; Underwood, C, 2017)	0.7
" The blood samples for PK analysis were collected at the scheduled time-points, prior to dosing to 10 hours after dosing."	( A bioequivalence study of two omeprazole formulations in healthy male volunteers. Kim, BH; Kim, YK; Yim, SV; Yoon, S; Yu, KS, 2016)	0.72
" Clinical trials validating omeprazole dosage in neonates are limited."	( Dose-Finding Study of Omeprazole on Gastric pH in Neonates with Gastro-Esophageal Acid Reflux Using a Bayesian Sequential Approach. Alberti, C; Biran, V; Bourdon, O; Farnoux, C; Jacqz-Aigrain, E; Kaguelidou, F; Zohar, S, 2016)	1.04
" We compared the acid inhibitory effects of CDFR0209 and delayed-release omeprazole (omeprazole-DR, Losec 40 mg) after repeated dosing in Helicobacter pylori-negative healthy adult male subjects."	( Acid Inhibitory Effect of a Combination of Omeprazole and Sodium Bicarbonate (CDFR0209) Compared With Delayed-Release Omeprazole 40 mg Alone in Healthy Adult Male Subjects. Cho, DY; Kim, H; Kim, KN; Kim, YS; Kwak, SS; Yang, SW, 2018)	0.98
" The method was fully validated for the determination of S-isomers of each drug in their dosage form."	( High performance liquid chromatography with photo diode array for separation and analysis of naproxen and esomeprazole in presence of their chiral impurities: Enantiomeric purity determination in tablets. El-Kimary, EI; Ragab, MAA, 2017)	0.67
" This work intends to evaluate once-daily, 40 mg omeprazole and once-nightly, 300 mg ranitidine (QD/QHS) dosing as an alternative regimen, and use this study's cohort to evaluate empiric regimens prescribed for LPR as compared to up-front testing with pH impedance multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII) with dual pH probes and high-resolution manometry (HRM) for potential cost minimization."	( Rethinking the laryngopharyngeal reflux treatment algorithm: Evaluating an alternate empiric dosing regimen and considering up-front, pH-impedance, and manometry testing to minimize cost in treating suspect laryngopharyngeal reflux disease. Carroll, TL; Dezube, A; Nahikian, K; Roth, DF; Werner, A, 2017)	0.71
" Initial QD/QHS dosing increased after 3 months to BID if no improvement and ultimately prescribed MII and HRM if they failed BID dosing."	( Rethinking the laryngopharyngeal reflux treatment algorithm: Evaluating an alternate empiric dosing regimen and considering up-front, pH-impedance, and manometry testing to minimize cost in treating suspect laryngopharyngeal reflux disease. Carroll, TL; Dezube, A; Nahikian, K; Roth, DF; Werner, A, 2017)	0.46
" In a phase 1/2 study in myelofibrosis patients, once-daily dosing of a 300-mg momelotinib capsule was selected for further development based on a favorable benefit:risk profile."	( The Relative Bioavailability, Food Effect, and Drug Interaction With Omeprazole of Momelotinib Tablet Formulation in Healthy Subjects. Deng, W; Hemenway, J; Maltzman, J; Shao, L; Silverman, JA; Stefanidis, D; Tarnowski, T; Xin, Y, 2018)	0.72
"To evaluate the capacity for modafinil to be a perpetrator of metabolic drug-drug interactions by altering cytochrome P450 activity following a single dose and dosing to steady state."	( Evaluation of modafinil as a perpetrator of metabolic drug-drug interactions using a model informed cocktail reaction phenotyping trial protocol. Mangoni, AA; Rowland, A; Sorich, MJ; van Dyk, M; Warncken, D, 2018)	0.48
"These data support consideration of the risk of clinically relevant metabolic drug-drug interactions perpetrated by modafinil when this drug is co-administered with drugs that are primarily cleared by CYP2C19 (single modafinil dose or steady state modafinil dosing) or CYP3A4 (steady state modafinil dosing only) catalysed metabolic pathways."	( Evaluation of modafinil as a perpetrator of metabolic drug-drug interactions using a model informed cocktail reaction phenotyping trial protocol. Mangoni, AA; Rowland, A; Sorich, MJ; van Dyk, M; Warncken, D, 2018)	0.48
" Our aim was to compare effectiveness of increased PPI dosing with laparoscopic magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) in patients with moderate-to-severe regurgitation despite once-daily PPI therapy."	( Laparoscopic magnetic sphincter augmentation versus double-dose proton pump inhibitors for management of moderate-to-severe regurgitation in GERD: a randomized controlled trial. Abbas, G; Bell, R; Buckley, FP; Dunst, C; Gould, J; Hill, M; Jacobsen, G; Katz, P; Khaitan, L; Kothari, S; Lipham, J; Lister, D; Louie, B; Luketich, J; McDowell-Jacobs, L; Park, A; Reardon, P; Richards, W; Smith, C; Smith, CD; Williams, V; Woods, K, 2019)	0.51
" No study to date has assessed whether correcting dosing regimens would improve symptom control."	( Optimal Omeprazole Dosing and Symptom Control: A Randomized Controlled Trial (OSCAR Trial). Perzynski, AT; Votruba, M; Waghray, A; Waghray, N; Wolfe, MM, 2019)	0.95
"Patients with persistent heartburn symptoms ≥ 3 times per week treated with omeprazole 20 mg daily were enrolled and randomized to commonly recommended dosing or continued suboptimal dosing of omeprazole."	( Optimal Omeprazole Dosing and Symptom Control: A Randomized Controlled Trial (OSCAR Trial). Perzynski, AT; Votruba, M; Waghray, A; Waghray, N; Wolfe, MM, 2019)	1.18
" GSAS symptom, frequency, and severity scores were significantly better when dosing was optimized for overall and heartburn-specific symptoms (P < 0."	( Optimal Omeprazole Dosing and Symptom Control: A Randomized Controlled Trial (OSCAR Trial). Perzynski, AT; Votruba, M; Waghray, A; Waghray, N; Wolfe, MM, 2019)	0.95
"Low-cost efforts to promote commonly recommended PPI dosing can dramatically reduce GERD symptoms and related economic costs."	( Optimal Omeprazole Dosing and Symptom Control: A Randomized Controlled Trial (OSCAR Trial). Perzynski, AT; Votruba, M; Waghray, A; Waghray, N; Wolfe, MM, 2019)	0.95
"Modified-release oral dosage forms are commonly used in pharmaceutics to delay or sustain the release of drugs."	( Development and evaluation of an omeprazole-based delayed-release liquid oral dosage form. Amighi, K; Goole, J; Guillaume, G; Paide, M; Ronchi, F; Sacré, P; Sereno, A; Stéphenne, V, 2019)	0.8
" The physicians should more carefully interpret whether there is an essential indication before prescribing PPIs and, if there is, to approve the proper dosing for the situation."	( A potential risk factor for paraoxonase 1: in silico and in-vitro analysis of the biological activity of proton-pump inhibitors. Türkeş, C, 2019)	0.51
"Introduction: On the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine, there are six international non-proprietary names of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) - Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Lansoprazole, Rabeprazole, Esomeprazole, Dexlansoprazole, which differ in a number of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, safety profile, range of dosage forms and their cost."	( Qualimetric analysis of proton pump inhibitors in Ukraine. Karimova, MM; Makarenko, OV; Masheiko, AM; Onul, NM, 2019)	0.72
"Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) twice daily dosing is a standard therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) but there is no data on its response rate or the predictors of PPI-partial response GERD."	( Prevalence and predictors of proton pump inhibitor partial response in gastroesophageal reflux disease in systemic sclerosis: a prospective study. Chunlertrith, K; Foocharoen, C; Mahakkanukrauh, A; Mairiang, P; Namvijit, S; Nanagara, R; Suwannaroj, S; Wantha, O, 2020)	0.56
"In New Zealand, there are no liquid formulations of omeprazole commercially available, therefore suspensions must be extemporaneously compounded from solid dosage forms for patients with swallowing difficulties."	( The Effect of Manufacturer on the Compounding of Omeprazole Suspensions and Their Stability Assessment. Bansal, M; Dela, CPD; Hanning, S; Meissner, S; Svirskis, D, )	0.64
" The time points and dosing of OME and CP were calculated based on previous studies and the therapeutic dose for patients."	( Omeprazole attenuates cisplatin-induced kidney injury through suppression of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Gao, H; Qu, X; Song, Y; Tao, L; Wang, X; Zhai, J; Zhang, W; Zhang, Y, 2020)	2
" An efficient and sensitive method to measure multiple serum drugs and metabolites could inform drug dosing in polypharmacy."	( Quantification of serum levels in mice of seven drugs (and six metabolites) commonly taken by older people with polypharmacy. Hilmer, SN; Mach, J; Wang, X, 2021)	0.62
"Findings will provide timely information on the safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing of t-PA to treat moderate/severe COVID-19-induced ARDS, which can be rapidly adapted to a phase III trial (NCT04357730; FDA IND 149634)."	( Abbasi, S; Abd El-Wahab, A; Abdallah, M; Abebe, G; Aca-Aca, G; Adama, S; Adefegha, SA; Adidigue-Ndiome, R; Adiseshaiah, P; Adrario, E; Aghajanian, C; Agnese, W; Ahmad, A; Ahmad, I; Ahmed, MFE; Akcay, OF; Akinmoladun, AC; Akutagawa, T; Alakavuklar, MA; Álava-Rabasa, S; Albaladejo-Florín, MJ; Alexandra, AJE; Alfawares, R; Alferiev, IS; Alghamdi, HS; Ali, I; Allard, B; Allen, JD; Almada, E; Alobaid, A; Alonso, GL; Alqahtani, YS; Alqarawi, W; Alsaleh, H; Alyami, BA; Amaral, BPD; Amaro, JT; Amin, SAW; Amodio, E; Amoo, ZA; Andia Biraro, I; Angiolella, L; Anheyer, D; Anlay, DZ; Annex, BH; Antonio-Aguirre, B; Apple, S; Arbuznikov, AV; Arinsoy, T; Armstrong, DK; Ash, S; Aslam, M; Asrie, F; Astur, DC; Atzrodt, J; Au, DW; Aucoin, M; Auerbach, EJ; Azarian, S; Ba, D; Bai, Z; Baisch, PRM; Balkissou, AD; Baltzopoulos, V; Banaszewski, M; Banerjee, S; Bao, Y; Baradwan, A; Barandika, JF; Barger, PM; Barion, MRL; Barrett, CD; Basudan, AM; Baur, LE; Baz-Rodríguez, SA; Beamer, P; Beaulant, A; Becker, DF; Beckers, C; Bedel, J; Bedlack, R; Bermúdez de Castro, JM; Berry, JD; Berthier, C; Bhattacharya, D; Biadgo, B; Bianco, G; Bianco, M; Bibi, S; Bigliardi, AP; Billheimer, D; Birnie, DH; Biswas, K; Blair, HC; Bognetti, P; Bolan, PJ; Bolla, JR; Bolze, A; Bonnaillie, P; Borlimi, R; Bórquez, J; Bottari, NB; Boulleys-Nana, JR; Brighetti, G; Brodeur, GM; Budnyak, T; Budnyk, S; Bukirwa, VD; Bulman, DM; Burm, R; Busman-Sahay, K; Butcher, TW; Cai, C; Cai, H; Cai, L; Cairati, M; Calvano, CD; Camacho-Ordóñez, A; Camela, E; Cameron, T; Campbell, BS; Cansian, RL; Cao, Y; Caporale, AS; Carciofi, AC; Cardozo, V; Carè, J; Carlos, AF; Carozza, R; Carroll, CJW; Carsetti, A; Carubelli, V; Casarotta, E; Casas, M; Caselli, G; Castillo-Lora, J; Cataldi, TRI; Cavalcante, ELB; Cavaleiro, A; Cayci, Z; Cebrián-Tarancón, C; Cedrone, E; Cella, D; Cereda, C; Ceretti, A; Ceroni, M; Cha, YH; Chai, X; Chang, EF; Chang, TS; Chanteux, H; Chao, M; Chaplin, BP; Chaturvedi, S; Chaturvedi, V; Chaudhary, DK; Chen, A; Chen, C; Chen, HY; Chen, J; Chen, JJ; Chen, K; Chen, L; Chen, Q; Chen, R; Chen, SY; Chen, TY; Chen, WM; Chen, X; Chen, Y; Cheng, G; Cheng, GJ; Cheng, J; Cheng, YH; Cheon, HG; Chew, KW; Chhoker, S; Chiu, WN; Choi, ES; Choi, MJ; Choi, SD; Chokshi, S; Chorny, M; Chu, KI; Chu, WJ; Church, AL; Cirrincione, A; Clamp, AR; Cleff, MB; Cohen, M; Coleman, RL; Collins, SL; Colombo, N; Conduit, N; Cong, WL; Connelly, MA; Connor, J; Cooley, K; Correa Ramos Leal, I; Cose, S; Costantino, C; Cottrell, M; Cui, L; Cundall, J; Cutaia, C; Cutler, CW; Cuypers, ML; da Silva Júnior, FMR; Dahal, RH; Damiani, E; Damtie, D; Dan-Li, W; Dang, Z; Dasa, SSK; Davin, A; Davis, DR; de Andrade, CM; de Jong, PL; de Oliveira, D; de Paula Dorigam, JC; Dean, A; Deepa, M; Delatour, C; Dell'Aiera, S; Delley, MF; den Boer, RB; Deng, L; Deng, Q; Depner, RM; Derdau, V; Derici, U; DeSantis, AJ; Desmarini, D; Diffo-Sonkoue, L; Divizia, M; Djenabou, A; Djordjevic, JT; Dobrovolskaia, MA; Domizi, R; Donati, A; Dong, Y; Dos Santos, M; Dos Santos, MP; Douglas, RG; Duarte, PF; Dullaart, RPF; Duscha, BD; Edwards, LA; Edwards, TE; Eichenwald, EC; El-Baba, TJ; Elashiry, M; Elashiry, MM; Elashry, SH; Elliott, A; Elsayed, R; Emerson, MS; Emmanuel, YO; Emory, TH; Endale-Mangamba, LM; Enten, GA; Estefanía-Fernández, K; Estes, JD; Estrada-Mena, FJ; Evans, S; Ezra, L; Faria de, RO; Farraj, AK; Favre, C; Feng, B; Feng, J; Feng, L; Feng, W; Feng, X; Feng, Z; Fernandes, CLF; Fernández-Cuadros, ME; Fernie, AR; Ferrari, D; Florindo, PR; Fong, PC; Fontes, EPB; Fontinha, D; Fornari, VJ; Fox, NP; Fu, Q; Fujitaka, Y; Fukuhara, K; Fumeaux, T; Fuqua, C; Fustinoni, S; Gabbanelli, V; Gaikwad, S; Gall, ET; Galli, A; Gancedo, MA; Gandhi, MM; Gao, D; Gao, K; Gao, M; Gao, Q; Gao, X; Gao, Y; Gaponenko, V; Garber, A; Garcia, EM; García-Campos, C; García-Donas, J; García-Pérez, AL; Gasparri, F; Ge, C; Ge, D; Ge, JB; Ge, X; George, I; George, LA; Germani, G; Ghassemi Tabrizi, S; Gibon, Y; Gillent, E; Gillies, RS; Gilmour, MI; Goble, S; Goh, JC; Goiri, F; Goldfinger, LE; Golian, M; Gómez, MA; Gonçalves, J; Góngora-García, OR; Gonul, I; González, MA; Govers, TM; Grant, PC; Gray, EH; Gray, JE; Green, MS; Greenwald, I; Gregory, MJ; Gretzke, D; Griffin-Nolan, RJ; Griffith, DC; Gruppen, EG; Guaita, A; Guan, P; Guan, X; Guerci, P; Guerrero, DT; Guo, M; Guo, P; Guo, R; Guo, X; Gupta, J; Guz, G; Hajizadeh, N; Hamada, H; Haman-Wabi, AB; Han, TT; Hannan, N; Hao, S; Harjola, VP; Harmon, M; Hartmann, MSM; Hartwig, JF; Hasani, M; Hawthorne, WJ; Haykal-Coates, N; Hazari, MS; He, DL; He, P; He, SG; Héau, C; Hebbar Kannur, K; Helvaci, O; Heuberger, DM; Hidalgo, F; Hilty, MP; Hirata, K; Hirsch, A; Hoffman, AM; Hoffmann, JF; Holloway, RW; Holmes, RK; Hong, S; Hongisto, M; Hopf, NB; Hörlein, R; Hoshino, N; Hou, Y; Hoven, NF; Hsieh, YY; Hsu, CT; Hu, CW; Hu, JH; Hu, MY; Hu, Y; Hu, Z; Huang, C; Huang, D; Huang, DQ; Huang, L; Huang, Q; Huang, R; Huang, S; Huang, SC; Huang, W; Huang, Y; Huffman, KM; Hung, CH; Hung, CT; Huurman, R; Hwang, SM; Hyun, S; Ibrahim, AM; Iddi-Faical, A; Immordino, P; Isla, MI; Jacquemond, V; Jacques, T; Jankowska, E; Jansen, JA; Jäntti, T; Jaque-Fernandez, F; Jarvis, GA; Jatt, LP; Jeon, JW; Jeong, SH; Jhunjhunwala, R; Ji, F; Jia, X; Jia, Y; Jian-Bo, Z; Jiang, GD; Jiang, L; Jiang, W; Jiang, WD; Jiang, Z; Jiménez-Hoyos, CA; Jin, S; Jobling, MG; John, CM; John, T; Johnson, CB; Jones, KI; Jones, WS; Joseph, OO; Ju, C; Judeinstein, P; Junges, A; Junnarkar, M; Jurkko, R; Kaleka, CC; Kamath, AV; Kang, X; Kantsadi, AL; Kapoor, M; Karim, Z; Kashuba, ADM; Kassa, E; Kasztura, M; Kataja, A; Katoh, T; Kaufman, JS; Kaupp, M; Kehinde, O; Kehrenberg, C; Kemper, N; Kerr, CW; Khan, AU; Khan, MF; Khan, ZUH; Khojasteh, SC; Kilburn, S; Kim, CG; Kim, DU; Kim, DY; Kim, HJ; Kim, J; Kim, OH; Kim, YH; King, C; Klein, A; Klingler, L; Knapp, AK; Ko, TK; Kodavanti, UP; Kolla, V; Kong, L; Kong, RY; Kong, X; Kore, S; Kortz, U; Korucu, B; Kovacs, A; Krahnert, I; Kraus, WE; Kuang, SY; Kuehn-Hajder, JE; Kurz, M; Kuśtrowski, P; Kwak, YD; Kyttaris, VC; Laga, SM; Laguerre, A; Laloo, A; Langaro, MC; Langham, MC; Lao, X; Larocca, MC; Lassus, J; Lattimer, TA; Lazar, S; Le, MH; Leal, DB; Leal, M; Leary, A; Ledermann, JA; Lee, JF; Lee, MV; Lee, NH; Leeds, CM; Leeds, JS; Lefrandt, JD; Leicht, AS; Leonard, M; Lev, S; Levy, K; Li, B; Li, C; Li, CM; Li, DH; Li, H; Li, J; Li, L; Li, LJ; Li, N; Li, P; Li, T; Li, X; Li, XH; Li, XQ; Li, XX; Li, Y; Li, Z; Li, ZY; Liao, YF; Lin, CC; Lin, MH; Lin, Y; Ling, Y; Links, TP; Lira-Romero, E; Liu, C; Liu, D; Liu, H; Liu, J; Liu, L; Liu, LP; Liu, M; Liu, T; Liu, W; Liu, X; Liu, XH; Liu, Y; Liuwantara, D; Ljumanovic, N; Lobo, L; Lokhande, K; Lopes, A; Lopes, RMRM; López-Gutiérrez, JC; López-Muñoz, MJ; López-Santamaría, M; Lorenzo, C; Lorusso, D; Losito, I; Lu, C; Lu, H; Lu, HZ; Lu, SH; Lu, SN; Lu, Y; Lu, ZY; Luboga, F; Luo, JJ; Luo, KL; Luo, Y; Lutomski, CA; Lv, W; M Piedade, MF; Ma, J; Ma, JQ; Ma, JX; Ma, N; Ma, P; Ma, S; Maciel, M; Madureira, M; Maganaris, C; Maginn, EJ; Mahnashi, MH; Maierhofer, M; Majetschak, M; Malla, TR; Maloney, L; Mann, DL; Mansuri, A; Marelli, E; Margulis, CJ; Marrella, A; Martin, BL; Martín-Francés, L; Martínez de Pinillos, M; Martínez-Navarro, EM; Martinez-Quintanilla Jimenez, D; Martínez-Velasco, A; Martínez-Villaseñor, L; Martinón-Torres, M; Martins, BA; Massongo, M; Mathew, AP; Mathews, D; Matsui, J; Matsumoto, KI; Mau, T; Maves, RC; Mayclin, SJ; Mayer, JM; Maynard, ND; Mayr, T; Mboowa, MG; McEvoy, MP; McIntyre, RC; McKay, JA; McPhail, MJW; McVeigh, AL; Mebazaa, A; Medici, V; Medina, DN; Mehmood, T; Mei-Li, C; Melku, M; Meloncelli, S; Mendes, GC; Mendoza-Velásquez, C; Mercadante, R; Mercado, MI; Merenda, MEZ; Meunier, J; Mi, SL; Michels, M; Mijatovic, V; Mikhailov, V; Milheiro, SA; Miller, DC; Ming, F; Mitsuishi, M; Miyashita, T; Mo, J; Mo, S; Modesto-Mata, M; Moeller, S; Monte, A; Monteiro, L; Montomoli, J; Moore, EE; Moore, HB; Moore, PK; Mor, MK; Moratalla-López, N; Moratilla Lapeña, L; Moreira, R; Moreno, MA; Mörk, AC; Morton, M; Mosier, JM; Mou, LH; Mougharbel, AS; Muccillo-Baisch, AL; Muñoz-Serrano, AJ; Mustafa, B; Nair, GM; Nakanishi, I; Nakanjako, D; Naraparaju, K; Nawani, N; Neffati, R; Neil, EC; Neilipovitz, D; Neira-Borrajo, I; Nelson, MT; Nery, PB; Nese, M; Nguyen, F; Nguyen, MH; Niazy, AA; Nicolaï, J; Nogueira, F; Norbäck, D; Novaretti, JV; O'Donnell, T; O'Dowd, A; O'Malley, DM; Oaknin, A; Ogata, K; Ohkubo, K; Ojha, M; Olaleye, MT; Olawande, B; Olomo, EJ; Ong, EWY; Ono, A; Onwumere, J; Ortiz Bibriesca, DM; Ou, X; Oza, AM; Ozturk, K; Özütemiz, C; Palacio-Pastrana, C; Palaparthi, A; Palevsky, PM; Pan, K; Pantanetti, S; Papachristou, DJ; Pariani, A; Parikh, CR; Parissis, J; Paroul, N; Parry, S; Patel, N; Patel, SM; Patel, VC; Pawar, S; Pefura-Yone, EW; Peixoto Andrade, BCO; Pelepenko, LE; Peña-Lora, D; Peng, S; Pérez-Moro, OS; Perez-Ortiz, AC; Perry, LM; Peter, CM; Phillips, NJ; Phillips, P; Pia Tek, J; Piner, LW; Pinto, EA; Pinto, SN; Piyachaturawat, P; Poka-Mayap, V; Polledri, E; Poloni, TE; Ponessa, G; Poole, ST; Post, AK; Potter, TM; Pressly, BB; Prouty, MG; Prudêncio, M; Pulkki, K; Pupier, C; Qian, H; Qian, ZP; Qiu, Y; Qu, G; Rahimi, S; Rahman, AU; Ramadan, H; Ramanna, S; Ramirez, I; Randolph, GJ; Rasheed, A; Rault, J; Raviprakash, V; Reale, E; Redpath, C; Rema, V; Remucal, CK; Remy, D; Ren, T; Ribeiro, LB; Riboli, G; Richards, J; Rieger, V; Rieusset, J; Riva, A; Rivabella Maknis, T; Robbins, JL; Robinson, CV; Roche-Campo, F; Rodriguez, R; Rodríguez-de-Cía, J; Rollenhagen, JE; Rosen, EP; Rub, D; Rubin, N; Rubin, NT; Ruurda, JP; Saad, O; Sabell, T; Saber, SE; Sabet, M; Sadek, MM; Saejio, A; Salinas, RM; Saliu, IO; Sande, D; Sang, D; Sangenito, LS; Santos, ALSD; Sarmiento Caldas, MC; Sassaroli, S; Sassi, V; Sato, J; Sauaia, A; Saunders, K; Saunders, PR; Savarino, SJ; Scambia, G; Scanlon, N; Schetinger, MR; Schinkel, AFL; Schladweiler, MC; Schofield, CJ; Schuepbach, RA; Schulz, J; Schwartz, N; Scorcella, C; Seeley, J; Seemann, F; Seinige, D; Sengoku, T; Seravalli, J; Sgromo, B; Shaheen, MY; Shan, L; Shanmugam, S; Shao, H; Sharma, S; Shaw, KJ; Shen, BQ; Shen, CH; Shen, P; Shen, S; Shen, Y; Shen, Z; Shi, J; Shi-Li, L; Shimoda, K; Shoji, Y; Shun, C; Silva, MA; Silva-Cardoso, J; Simas, NK; Simirgiotis, MJ; Sincock, SA; Singh, MP; Sionis, A; Siu, J; Sivieri, EM; Sjerps, MJ; Skoczen, SL; Slabon, A; Slette, IJ; Smith, MD; Smith, S; Smith, TG; Snapp, KS; Snow, SJ; Soares, MCF; Soberman, D; Solares, MD; Soliman, I; Song, J; Sorooshian, A; Sorrell, TC; Spinar, J; Staudt, A; Steinhart, C; Stern, ST; Stevens, DM; Stiers, KM; Stimming, U; Su, YG; Subbian, V; Suga, H; Sukhija-Cohen, A; Suksamrarn, A; Suksen, K; Sun, J; Sun, M; Sun, P; Sun, W; Sun, XF; Sun, Y; Sundell, J; Susan, LF; Sutjarit, N; Swamy, KV; Swisher, EM; Sykes, C; Takahashi, JA; Talmor, DS; Tan, B; Tan, ZK; Tang, L; Tang, S; Tanner, JJ; Tanwar, M; Tarazi, Z; Tarvasmäki, T; Tay, FR; Teketel, A; Temitayo, GI; Thersleff, T; Thiessen Philbrook, H; Thompson, LC; Thongon, N; Tian, B; Tian, F; Tian, Q; Timothy, AT; Tingle, MD; Titze, IR; Tolppanen, H; Tong, W; Toyoda, H; Tronconi, L; Tseng, CH; Tu, H; Tu, YJ; Tung, SY; Turpault, S; Tuynman, JB; Uemoto, AT; Ugurlu, M; Ullah, S; Underwood, RS; Ungell, AL; Usandizaga-Elio, I; Vakonakis, I; van Boxel, GI; van den Beucken, JJJP; van der Boom, T; van Slegtenhorst, MA; Vanni, JR; Vaquera, A; Vasconcellos, RS; Velayos, M; Vena, R; Ventura, G; Verso, MG; Vincent, RP; Vitale, F; Vitali, S; Vlek, SL; Vleugels, MPH; Volkmann, N; Vukelic, M; Wagner Mackenzie, B; Wairagala, P; Waller, SB; Wan, J; Wan, MT; Wan, Y; Wang, CC; Wang, H; Wang, J; Wang, JF; Wang, K; Wang, L; Wang, M; Wang, S; Wang, WM; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wang, YD; Wang, YF; Wang, Z; Wang, ZG; Warriner, K; Weberpals, JI; Weerachayaphorn, J; Wehrli, FW; Wei, J; Wei, KL; Weinheimer, CJ; Weisbord, SD; Wen, S; Wendel Garcia, PD; Williams, JW; Williams, R; Winkler, C; Wirman, AP; Wong, S; Woods, CM; Wu, B; Wu, C; Wu, F; Wu, P; Wu, S; Wu, Y; Wu, YN; Wu, ZH; Wurtzel, JGT; Xia, L; Xia, Z; Xia, ZZ; Xiao, H; Xie, C; Xin, ZM; Xing, Y; Xing, Z; Xu, S; Xu, SB; Xu, T; Xu, X; Xu, Y; Xue, L; Xun, J; Yaffe, MB; Yalew, A; Yamamoto, S; Yan, D; Yan, H; Yan, S; Yan, X; Yang, AD; Yang, E; Yang, H; Yang, J; Yang, JL; Yang, K; Yang, M; Yang, P; Yang, Q; Yang, S; Yang, W; Yang, X; Yang, Y; Yao, JC; Yao, WL; Yao, Y; Yaqub, TB; Ye, J; Ye, W; Yen, CW; Yeter, HH; Yin, C; Yip, V; Yong-Yi, J; Yu, HJ; Yu, MF; Yu, S; Yu, W; Yu, WW; Yu, X; Yuan, P; Yuan, Q; Yue, XY; Zaia, AA; Zakhary, SY; Zalwango, F; Zamalloa, A; Zamparo, P; Zampini, IC; Zani, JL; Zeitoun, R; Zeng, N; Zenteno, JC; Zepeda-Palacio, C; Zhai, C; Zhang, B; Zhang, G; Zhang, J; Zhang, K; Zhang, Q; Zhang, R; Zhang, T; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y; Zhang, YY; Zhao, B; Zhao, D; Zhao, G; Zhao, H; Zhao, Q; Zhao, R; Zhao, S; Zhao, T; Zhao, X; Zhao, XA; Zhao, Y; Zhao, Z; Zheng, Z; Zhi-Min, G; Zhou, CL; Zhou, HD; Zhou, J; Zhou, W; Zhou, XQ; Zhou, Z; Zhu, C; Zhu, H; Zhu, L; Zhu, Y; Zitzmann, N; Zou, L; Zou, Y, 2022)	0.72
" The aim of this study is to develop OME loaded nanoparticles with a view to the obtention of a liquid pharmaceutical dosage form."	( Omeprazole nanoparticles suspension: Development of a stable liquid formulation with a view to pediatric administration. Bender, ET; Bender, JG; Bianchin, MD; Cichota, LC; Diefenthaeler, HS; Külkamp-Guerreiro, IC; Marques, MS; Nery, SF; Nonnenmacher, JL, 2020)	2
" Reviewing the manner of administration and stated indications for use of both drugs, we find omeprazole is often administered outside dosing recommendations, and both drugs are frequently administered for aims that are unlikely to be achieved when considering their known biological effects in dogs."	( Prospective observational study of the use of omeprazole and maropitant citrate in veterinary specialist care. Glanemann, B; McCormack, R; Olley, L; Swann, JW, 2020)	1.04
"Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can affect the intragastric release of other drugs from their dosage forms by elevating the gastric pH."	( Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach to Identify the Drug-Drug Interaction Mechanism of Nifedipine and a Proton Pump Inhibitor, Omeprazole. Babiskin, A; Le Merdy, M; Lee, SC; Ni, Z; Sun, D; Tan, ML; Zhao, L, 2021)	0.82
"We developed and validated a simple, convenient and reproducible method for simultaneous estimation of six proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), omeprazole (OPZ), esomeprazole (EOPZ), lansoprazole (LPZ), pantoprazole (PPZ), rabeprazole (RPZ) and ilaprazole (IPZ) in pharmaceutical dosage forms by a single marker."	( Simultaneous Quantitative Analysis of Six Proton-Pump Inhibitors with a Single Marker and Evaluation of Stability of Investigated Drugs in Polypropylene Syringes for Continuous Infusion Use. Chen, F; Fang, B; He, X; Wang, S, 2020)	0.76
"The proposed method, which is selective, economical and accurate, was applied successfully for determination of the cited PPIs in their respective pharmaceutical dosage forms."	( Simultaneous Quantitative Analysis of Six Proton-Pump Inhibitors with a Single Marker and Evaluation of Stability of Investigated Drugs in Polypropylene Syringes for Continuous Infusion Use. Chen, F; Fang, B; He, X; Wang, S, 2020)	0.56
" The vitamin B12 was dosage using a chemiluminescent immunoassay and oxidative stress analysis, based on the evaluation of malondialdehyde, enzymatic activity of extracellular superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and the ferric reducing antioxidant power in plasma."	( Cognition, oxidative stress and vitamin B12 levels evaluation on patients under long-term omeprazole use. Cardoso, CO; de Lima, AG; Dries, LS; Haefliger, R; Perassolo, MS; Seibert, BS, 2022)	0.94
" In the current work, two different high precision sensitive fluorescence spectroscopic methods were developed for quantitative analysis of the above drugs in pharmaceutical dosage form and spiked human plasma."	( Application of different spectrofluorimetric approaches for quantitative determination of acetylsalicylic acid and omeprazole in recently approved pharmaceutical preparation and human plasma. Abdelazim, AH; Almrasy, AA; El-Olemy, A; Hasan, MA; Madkour, AW; Ramzy, S; Shahin, M, 2021)	0.83
" Blood samples were collected up to 144 hours after dosing following administration of OM on days 1 and 9 to characterize plasma concentrations of OM."	( Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interaction Study of Omecamtiv Mecarbil With Omeprazole, a Proton Pump Inhibitor, in Healthy Subjects. Abbasi, S; Dutta, S; Flach, S; Jafarinasabian, P; Lee, E; Sohn, W; Terminello, B; Trivedi, A; Zhang, H, 2022)	0.95
"A recent combination of aspirin (ASP) and omeprazole (OMP) has been presented in a fixed dosage form for the treatment of many cardiovascular diseases, particularly in patients with gastric diseases."	( Spectrophotometric Determination of Aspirin and Omeprazole in the Presence of Salicylic Acid as a Degradation Product: A Comparative Evaluation of Different Univariate/Multivariate Post Processing Algorithms. Badrawy, M; El-Mammli, MY; Elmasry, MS; Hassan, WS; Serag, A, 2022)	1.24
"25), if concomitantly administered drugs are dosed either 2 hours before or 8 hours after the 2-hour intravenous infusion of treosulfan."	( Evaluation of the drug-drug interaction potential of treosulfan using a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling approach. Balazki, P; Baumgart, J; Beelen, DW; Böhm, S; Hemmelmann, C; Hilger, RA; Martins, FS; Ring, A; Schaller, S, 2022)	0.72
" Six smart and different spectrophotometric methods were developed for the analysis of omeprazole and aspirin in binary mixture and pharmaceutical dosage form."	( Earth friendly spectrophotometric methods based on different manipulation approaches for simultaneous determination of aspirin and omeprazole in binary mixture and pharmaceutical dosage form: Comparative statistical study. Badrawy, M; El-Mammli, MY; Elmasry, MS; Hassan, WS, 2022)	1.15
"A sensitive and selective method needs to be developed and validated for simultaneous determination of four drugs (amoxacillin, tinidazole, naproxen and lansoprazole), used for treating Helicobacter pylori infection, in their combined dosage forms."	( RP-HPLC-DAD Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Determination of Lansoprazole, Tinidazole, Amoxicillin, and Naproxen in Their Raw Materials and Combined Dosage Form: DOE Approach for Optimization of the Proposed Method. Hassib, ST; Mostafa, EA; Sharf, MG; Taha, EA, 2022)	0.72
"The method can be easily implemented in QC studies of the cited drugs in their dosage forms."	( RP-HPLC-DAD Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Determination of Lansoprazole, Tinidazole, Amoxicillin, and Naproxen in Their Raw Materials and Combined Dosage Form: DOE Approach for Optimization of the Proposed Method. Hassib, ST; Mostafa, EA; Sharf, MG; Taha, EA, 2022)	0.72
" Serial blood samples for assay of omeprazole and its metabolites were collected for 24 h after dosing on days 1 and 11."	( Effects of elagolix on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole and its metabolites in healthy premenopausal women. Kim, E; Mostafa, NM; Nader, A; Shebley, M, 2022)	1.26
" When a 200-mg single oral dose of belumosudil was coadministered with both rabeprazole and omeprazole, parent and metabolite exposures were largely reduced, suggesting that belumosudil dosage should be increased when given with PPIs."	( A Phase 1 Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Study of Belumosudil Coadministered With CYP3A4 Inhibitors and Inducers and Proton Pump Inhibitors. Alabanza, A; Lohmer, L; Patel, J; Schueller, O; Singh, N; Willson, A, 2022)	0.94
" Omeprazole is the most common option utilized for acid-related disorders ; however, the pharmacokinetic (PK) and dosing recommendations for the obese patient population are lacking."	( Population pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in obese and normal-weight adults. Chen, K; Deng, C; Ding, J; Lin, Y; Luo, P; Pei, Q; Yang, G; Zhu, L; Zhu, S, 2022)	1.92
" For rifabutin, differing intragastric concentrations based on dosing regimen may account for differences in reported eradication rates."	( Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling to predict intragastric rifabutin concentrations in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Almenoff, JS; Howden, CW; Offman, E; Pendse, SN; Shah, S; Sheldon, KL, 2023)	0.91
"To compare intragastric rifabutin concentrations between low-dose rifabutin (50 mg three time daily; as in RHB-105) and generically dosed rifabutin 150 mg once daily, 150 mg twice daily, and 300 mg once daily using a validated Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model."	( Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling to predict intragastric rifabutin concentrations in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Almenoff, JS; Howden, CW; Offman, E; Pendse, SN; Shah, S; Sheldon, KL, 2023)	0.91
" Although the result of the current study improves, a high dosage of aqueous extracts of plants has more effectiveness than a low dosage of aqueous extracts plants."	( Gastro-Protective and Therapeutic Effect of Punica granatum against Stomach Ulcer Caused by Helicobacter Pylori. Alamri, ZZ; Faraj, RK; Hussein, MM; M Hussein, A; Mojarradgandoukmolla, S; Muhialdin, AJ; Taha, ZB, 2023)	0.91
" This study has demonstrated that the resulting liquid formulation is suitable for all patients, in particular children or adults who are unable to take other pharmaceutical dosage forms, which overcomes the limitations of the medicines currently available on the market."	( Stability of Omeprazole Extemporaneous Oral Solution in Chopin Base. Denora, N; Fontana, S; la Forgia, FM; Lopalco, A; Lopedota, AA; Spennacchio, A, )	0.5
" Results indicate that buccal foams of omeprazole may address the stability and ease of administration issues related to oral administration of the drug, particularly for children and elderly patients who have difficulty swallowing solid dosage forms."	( Pediatric and Geriatric-Friendly Buccal Foams: Enhancing Omeprazole Delivery for Patients Encountering Swallowing Difficulties. Andreadis, D; Bouropoulos, N; Chachlioutaki, K; Fatouros, DG; Gika, H; Iordanopoulou, A; Karavasili, C; Meikopoulos, T; Ritzoulis, C, 2023)	1.42
"Oral extended-release (ER) dosage forms have been used to sustain blood drug levels, reduce adverse events, and improve patient compliance."	( Effect of Omeprazole Administration on the Pharmacokinetics of Oral Extended-Release Nifedipine in Healthy Subjects. Feng, K; Kinjo, M; Lionberger, R; Sun, D; Tan, ML; Wang, H; Xu, M; Zhao, L, 2023)	1.31
" Of the 35 cases in which gastroprotectant therapy was indicated, the medication chosen or dosage administered was considered suboptimal in 16 (45."	( Evaluation of gastroprotectant administration in hospitalized cats in a tertiary referral hospital. Evenhuis, JV; Figueroa, ME; Forsythe, LR; Marks, SL; Pomerantz, LK; Ullal, TV, 2023)	0.91