trans-sodium crocetinate: vitamin A-analog that increases diffusivity of oxygen in aqueous solutions, including plasma [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 10287099 |
| CHEMBL ID | 3137335 |
| MeSH ID | M0469126 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| trans sodium crocetinate |
| transcrocetinate sodium |
| transcrocetinate sodium [who-dd] |
| transcrocetinate sodium [usan] |
| 2,4,6,8,10,12,14-hexadecaheptaenedioic acid, 2,6,11,15-tetramethyl-, sodium salt (1:2), (2e,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e)- |
| 591230-99-8 |
| yp57637wmx , |
| unii-yp57637wmx |
| disodium (all-e)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadecahepta-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-enedioate |
| CHEMBL3137335 |
| disodium trans-crocetinate |
| trans-sodium crocetinate |
| 64603-92-5 |
| AKOS037515031 |
| trans-crocetin sodium |
| 591230-99-8 (sodium 1 |
| sodium (2e,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate |
| transcrocetinate disodium |
| transcrocetinate disodium (disodium trans-crocetinate) |
| transcrocetinate sodium salt |
| Q27294636 |
| disodium;(2e,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate |
| E80767 |
| FS-8098 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "kg-1 ig in 10 rats, the main pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated as follows: T1/2 alpha (30 +/- 6) min, Tmax(65 +/- 16) min, Cmax(5." | ( [Pharmacokinetics of crocetin in rats]. Liu, TZ; Qian, ZY, 2002) | 0.31 |
| " The present study was undertaken to investigate the pharmacokinetic profiles of crocetin in healthy adult subjects." | ( The pharmacokinetic profile of crocetin in healthy adult human volunteers after a single oral administration. Antonio, LS; Morikawa, H; Murakami, K; Nakano, T; Shirotori, M; Ulit, MV; Umigai, N, 2011) | 0.37 |
| " Most of the pharmacokinetic studies are related to these compounds." | ( Pharmacokinetic Properties of Saffron and its Active Components. Hosseini, A; Hosseinzadeh, H; Razavi, BM, 2018) | 0.48 |
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 13 (3.96) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 17 (5.18) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 76 (23.17) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 157 (47.87) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 65 (19.82) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 6 (1.78%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 22 (6.51%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 310 (91.72%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Phase 1 Basket Study Evaluating the Safety and Feasibility of T-Plex, Autologous Customized T Cell Receptor-Engineered T Cells Targeting Multiple Peptide/HLA Antigens in Participants With Antigen-positive Locally Advanced (Unresectable) or Metastatic So [NCT05973487] | Phase 1 | 100 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2023-11-30 | Recruiting | ||
| A Controlled Multi-Arm Ph1 Study Evaluating the Safety and Feasibility of TCR Engineered Donor TCells Targeting HA1 (TSC-100) or HA2 (TSC-101) in HLA-A0201 Positive Patients Undergoing Haploidentical Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation [NCT05473910] | Phase 1 | 63 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-11-01 | Recruiting | ||
| Open-label, Randomized, Controlled, Phase 3 Safety and Efficacy Study of Trans Sodium Crocetinate With Radiation Therapy and Temozolomide in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma (GBM) Biopsy-Only Subjects [NCT03393000] | Phase 3 | 19 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2018-01-16 | Terminated(stopped due to Business decision on behalf of the Sponsor.) | ||
| Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Combined With Robot-assisted Therapy in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Patients. [NCT05210166] | 27 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2021-03-01 | Completed | |||
| A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Phase 1/2 Dose-Range-Finding Study to Evaluate the Safety, Efficacy and PK of Multiple Once Daily Intravenous Doses of TSC in Patients With Intermittent Claudication [NCT00725881] | Phase 1/Phase 2 | 48 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-08-31 | Completed | ||
| Open-label Study to Determine the Effect of Trans Sodium Crocetinate (TSC) on Intra-tumoral Oxygen Concentration, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of TSC in Post-operative Patients With High Grade Glioma (HGG) [NCT00826930] | Phase 1 | 1 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2009-03-31 | Terminated(stopped due to Sponsor business decision, not based on safety or efficacy data.) | ||
| Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study of Trans Sodium Crocetinate in Healthy Volunteers Exercising at Altitude [NCT05036980] | Phase 1 | 30 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2021-11-09 | Completed | ||
| Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamic Study of Trans Sodium Crocetinate Utilizing Transcutaneous Oximetry Measurement in Healthy Volunteers [NCT04808622] | Phase 1 | 30 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2021-03-17 | Completed | ||
| Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Trans Sodium Crocetinate in Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease [NCT05079126] | Phase 2 | 18 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2021-12-02 | Terminated(stopped due to Due to, among other things, positive results from the 200-302 trial, the trial has been terminated early. Resources shifted to new 200-208 GBM trial using information gained from 200-302.) | ||
| Open-label, Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamic, Ascending Dose Safety lead-in Followed by a Single-center, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind, Adaptive, Safety and Efficacy, Pilot Study of Trans Sodium Crocetinate (TSC) in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Subjects [NCT04573322] | Phase 1/Phase 2 | 25 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2020-09-10 | Completed | ||
| Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Study of Efficacy and Safety of Trans Sodium Crocetinate (TSC) Administered Onboard Emergency Vehicles for Treatment of Suspected Stroke: PHAST-TSC [NCT03763929] | Phase 2 | 6 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2019-08-22 | Terminated(stopped due to The study was stopped due to lack of meaningful enrollment due to the COVID-19 pandemic.) | ||
| The Study on the еffectiveness of the Integration of a Device Based on a Neural Interface and Neurostimulation of the Spinal Cord in the Rehabilitation of Patients With Upper Limb Movement Impairments Due to Neurological Disorders. [NCT05115149] | 60 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2021-10-01 | Recruiting | |||
| Open-label Phase 1/2 (Safety Lead-in) Study of Trans Sodium Crocetinate (TSC) With Concomitant Treatment of Fractionated Radiation Therapy and Temozolomide in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma (GBM) Patients to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy [NCT01465347] | Phase 1/Phase 2 | 59 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-02-29 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Number of Participants in Phase 1 with Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs) (NCT01465347)
Timeframe: During phase 1
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| TSC 0.25 mg/kg - 9 Dose Group | 0 |
The sum of the product of the diameters of the tumor (using recorded tumor diameter measurements made from brain MRI images) was used to express tumor size. Results were summarized for actual and percentage change from baseline. Individual subjects results were listed, including tumor volume and tumor response from independent reviewers. Investigator data were listed but not used in the analysis. Percent response (according to independent reviewer assessments) by percentage tumor reduction from tumor resection or definitive biopsy to the last MRI were summarized. (NCT01465347)
Timeframe: From Baseline to Week 110
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tumor not reduced | 0 to 39% tumor reduction | 40 to 63% tumor reduction | 64 to 93% tumor reduction | 94 to 99% tumor reduction | 100% tumor reduction | |
| TSC 0.25 mg/kg - 18 Dose Group - Phase 2 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 11 |
| TSC 0.25mg/kg - 9 Dose Group - Phase 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Participants in phase 2 (18 dose group, 6 weeks treatment with TSC) were monitored for up to 3 years (last follow-up - February 16, 2016). Overall Survival (OS) was defined as the length of time from the date of tumor resection surgery or definitive biopsy to the date of death. The OS analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier estimate method. The OS rates at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months were estimated. Median OS values were calculated; a corresponding 95% confidence interval for each median value was determined using a log rank analysis. The length of OS (in months) was calculated as follows: date of death or censored - date of surgery or definitive biopsy / 30.4375. (NCT01465347)
Timeframe: 6, 12, 18, 24 months
| Intervention | participants (Number) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 month OS | 12 month OS | 18 month OS | 24 month OS | |
| TSC 0.25 mg/kg - 18 Dose Group - Phase 2 | 89.3 | 71.2 | 43.8 | 36.3 |
The PFS analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier estimate method. The PFS rates at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months were estimated. Median PFS values were calculated; a corresponding 95% confidence interval for each median value was determined using a log rank analysis. Time to disease progression (in months) was calculated as follows: date of event* or censoring - date of surgery or definitive biopsy / 30.4375; *event = first tumor progression or death. (NCT01465347)
Timeframe: 6,12,18, 24 months
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 months | 12 months | 18 months | 24 months | |
| TSC 0.25 mg/kg - 18 Dose Group - Phase 2 | 30.9 | 9.9 | 4.0 | 0.0 |
Overall survival will be calculated from randomization to the time of death from any cause (NCT03393000)
Timeframe: All subjects will be followed for 24 months
| Intervention | Months (Median) |
|---|---|
| Trans Sodium Crocetinate Plus SOC | 11.3 |
"Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is a measure of global disability. Total scale range is 0-6, with lower values indicating better outcomes.~0 = No symptoms at all~= No significant disability despite symptoms; able to carry out all usual duties and activities~= Slight disability; unable to carry out all previous activities, but able to look after own affairs without assistance~= Moderate disability; requiring some help, but able to walk without assistance~= Moderately severe disability; unable to walk without assistance and unable to attend to own bodily needs without assistance~= Severe disability; bedridden, incontinent and requiring constant nursing care and attention~= Dead" (NCT03763929)
Timeframe: 90 days
| Intervention | score on a scale (Median) |
|---|---|
| Trans Sodium Crocetinate | 2.5 |
| Placebo | 3.0 |
Lead-in phase: Days of treatment during the inpatient period (NCT04573322)
Timeframe: 28 days
| Intervention | days (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Lead-in 0.25 mg/kg | 8.67 |
| Lead-in 0.50 mg/kg | 9.67 |
| Lead-in 1.0 mg/kg | 8.57 |
| Lead-in 1.5 mg/kg | 8.00 |
Lead-in phase: Time to return to room air or baseline oxygen requirement (NCT04573322)
Timeframe: 28 days
| Intervention | days (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Lead-in 0.25 mg/kg | 7.50 |
| Lead-in 0.50 mg/kg | 18.92 |
| Lead-in 1.0 mg/kg | 11.79 |
| Lead-in 1.5 mg/kg | 5.50 |
Lead-in phase: Ventilator free days in the first 28 days (to day 29). (NCT04573322)
Timeframe: 28 days
| Intervention | days (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Lead-in 0.25 mg/kg | 19.7 |
| Lead-in 0.50 mg/kg | 16.00 |
| Lead-in 1.0 mg/kg | 15.43 |
| Lead-in 1.5 mg/kg | 19.83 |
"Lead-in phase: Time to achieve (and maintain through Day 28) a World Health Organization (WHO) ordinal COVID-19 severity scale score of 1, 2 or 3 with a minimum 1-point improvement from baseline. The scale assesses clinical status and the range is 0-8, as follows:~0. Uninfected - No clinical or virological evidence of infection~Ambulatory - No limitation of activities~Ambulatory - Limitation of activities~Hospitalized, Mild Disease - Hospitalized, no oxygen therapy~Hospitalized, Mild Disease - Oxygen by mask or nasal prongs~Hospitalized Severe Disease - Non-invasive ventilation or high-low oxygen~Hospitalized Severe Disease - Intubation and mechanical ventilation~Hospitalized Severe Disease - Ventilation + additional organ support (pressors, Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT), Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)~Dead - Death" (NCT04573322)
Timeframe: 28 days
| Intervention | days (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Lead-in 0.25 mg/kg | 14.33 |
| Lead-in 0.50 mg/kg | 13.67 |
| Lead-in 1.0 mg/kg | 7.71 |
| Lead-in 1.5 mg/kg | 7.50 |
"Lead-in phase: Number and percentage of patients by WHO Severity Scale change from baseline through Day 7~World Health Organization (WHO) Ordinal Severity Scale~Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities~Not hospitalized, limitation on activities~Hospitalized, no requiring supplemental oxygen~Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen~Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow O2~Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or ECMO~Death" (NCT04573322)
Timeframe: 7 days
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Point Worse from Day 1 to Day 7 | No Change from Day 1 to Day 7 | 1 Point Improvement from Day 1 to Day 7 | No Data Collected on Day 7 | |
| Lead-in 0.25 mg/kg | 0 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Lead-in 0.50 mg/kg | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| Lead-in 1.0 mg/kg | 0 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
| Lead-in 1.5 mg/kg | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 |
Lead-in phase: Overall summary of subjects with TEAEs (NCT04573322)
Timeframe: Up to 70 days post-study drug administration
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with any TEAE | Patients with any Serious TEAE | Patients with any TEAE of DLT | Patients with any TEAE Resulting in Death | Patients with any TEAE Leading to Study Drug Discontinuation | Patients with any TEAE Leading to Study Drug Interruption | Patients with any TEAE with CTCAE Grade 3 or 4 | |
| Lead-in 0.25 mg/kg | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Lead-in 0.50 mg/kg | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| Lead-in 1.0 mg/kg | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Lead-in 1.5 mg/kg | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Lead-in phase: Blood oxygenation by recorded continuous pulse oximetry (SpO2:FiO2 ratio) (NCT04573322)
Timeframe: Baseline through Day 10
| Intervention | SpO2:FiO2 (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline (Pre First Dose) | Day 1, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 1, 1 Minute Post Dose 1 | Day 1, 10 Minutes Post Dose 1 | Day 1, 30 Minutes Post Dose 1 | Day 1, 1.5 Hours Post Dose 1 | Day 1, 3 Hours Post Dose 1 | Day 1, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 1, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 1, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 2, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 2, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 2, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 2, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 3, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 3, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 3, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 3, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 4, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 4, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 4, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 4, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 5, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 5, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 5, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 5, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 6, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 6, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 6, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 6, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 7, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 7, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 7, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 7, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 8, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 8, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 8, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 8, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 9, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 9, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 9, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 9, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 10, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 10, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 10, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 10, Prior to Dose 4 | |
| Lead-in 1.5 mg/kg | 255.03 | 255.03 | 255.33 | 255.15 | 256.07 | 255.65 | 256.67 | 255.95 | 255.72 | 255.78 | 275.20 | 267.90 | 267.57 | 266.48 | 270.38 | 271.20 | 271.70 | 279.78 | 321.28 | 322.13 | 320.35 | 335.45 | 343.87 | 344.85 | 355.35 | 348.40 | 341.25 | 340.63 | 356.63 | 415.68 | 433.48 | 402.50 | 403.43 | 411.63 | 425.80 | 306.30 | 306.30 | 461.90 | 461.90 | 457.10 | 457.10 | 457.10 | 457.10 | 452.40 | 461.90 | 466.70 |
Lead-in phase: Blood oxygenation by recorded continuous pulse oximetry (SpO2:FiO2 ratio) (NCT04573322)
Timeframe: Baseline through Day 10
| Intervention | SpO2:FiO2 (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline (Pre First Dose) | Day 1, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 1, 1 Minute Post Dose 1 | Day 1, 10 Minutes Post Dose 1 | Day 1, 30 Minutes Post Dose 1 | Day 1, 1.5 Hours Post Dose 1 | Day 1, 3 Hours Post Dose 1 | Day 1, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 1, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 1, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 2, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 2, 1 Minute Post Dose 1 | Day 2, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 2, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 2, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 3, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 3, 1 Minute Post Dose 1 | Day 3, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 3, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 3, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 4, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 4, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 4, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 4, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 5, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 5, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 5, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 5, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 6, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 6, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 6, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 6, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 7, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 7, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 7, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 7, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 8, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 8, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 8, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 8, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 9, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 9, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 9, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 9, Prior to Dose 4 | Day 10, Prior to Dose 1 | Day 10, Prior to Dose 2 | Day 10, Prior to Dose 3 | Day 10, Prior to Dose 4 | |
| Lead-in 0.50 mg/kg | 164.33 | 164.33 | 163.33 | 164.87 | 165.67 | 164.32 | 165.20 | 165.35 | 166.17 | 165.83 | 165.32 | 165.98 | 172.12 | 173.68 | 174.33 | 174.08 | 174.08 | 174.50 | 175.05 | 175.18 | 179.77 | 176.32 | 176.32 | 177.28 | 176.55 | 175.73 | 176.88 | 184.67 | 189.23 | 232.48 | 233.93 | 232.73 | 236.05 | 232.17 | 223.37 | 226.13 | 187.60 | 233.23 | 248.03 | 246.00 | 221.45 | 248.47 | 149.95 | 158.10 | 154.67 | 159.20 | 159.90 | 158.50 |
| Lead-in 1.0 mg/kg | 183.97 | 183.97 | 189.16 | 188.37 | 187.81 | 187.89 | 189.80 | 188.84 | 189.86 | 189.40 | 207.80 | 202.00 | 201.52 | 204.42 | 215.25 | 247.23 | 245.97 | 248.12 | 254.85 | 259.87 | 286.12 | 264.70 | 266.77 | 302.93 | 301.43 | 316.25 | 314.82 | 297.18 | 343.86 | 322.44 | 322.28 | 343.38 | 341.35 | 371.78 | 340.00 | 401.85 | 378.26 | 422.60 | 385.00 | 410.15 | 395.48 | 398.35 | 395.95 | 471.40 | 395.03 | 394.30 | 469.05 | 469.05 |
| Lead-in 0.25 mg/kg | 261.83 | 261.83 | 261.22 | 261.22 | 260.73 | 263.22 | 262.82 | 252.98 | 253.23 | 252.47 | 274.90 | 270.90 | 303.17 | 300.43 | 300.40 | 265.12 | 265.57 | 265.47 | 266.68 | 260.48 | 305.20 | 304.03 | 303.78 | 303.85 | 288.23 | 288.03 | 287.75 | 288.23 | 277.96 | 303.55 | 298.80 | 301.90 | 223.05 | 218.85 | 218.15 | 219.60 | 300.37 | 220.30 | 216.55 | 219.70 | 294.75 | 291.25 | 293.35 | 291.70 | 213.80 | 214.50 | 122.70 | 122.70 |
Summary Statistics of tcpO2 Levels (mmHg) Overall Measurements (Median of 4 Sensors) in Healthy Subjects (NCT04808622)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 minutes post-dose
| Intervention | mmHg (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline 0 to 5 Minutes (Period 1) | 0 to 5 Minutes (Period 2) | 0 to 5 Minutes (Period 2-Period 1) | Baseline 5 to 10 Minutes (Period 1) | 5 to 10 Minutes (Period 2) | 5 to 10 Minutes (Period 2 - Period 1) | Baseline 10 to 15 Minutes (Period 1) | 10 to 15 Minutes (Period 2) | 10 to 15 Minutes (Period 2 - Period 1) | Baseline 15 to 20 Minutes (Period 1) | 15 to 20 Minutes (Period 2) | 15 to 20 Minutes (Period 2 - Period 1) | Baseline 20 to 25 Minutes (Period 1) | 20 to 25 Minutes (Period 2) | 20 to 25 Minutes (Period 2 - Period 1) | Baseline 25 to 30 Minutes (Period 1) | 25 to 30 Minutes (Period 2) | 25 to 30 Minutes (Period 2 - Period 1) | Baseline 30 to 35 Minutes (Period 1) | 30 to 35 Minutes (Period 2) | 30 to 35 Minutes (Period 2 - Period 1) | Baseline 35 to 40 Minutes (Period 1) | 35 to 40 Minutes (Period 2) | 35 to 40 Minutes (Period 2 - Period 1) | Baseline 40 to 45 Minutes (Period 1) | 40 to 45 Minutes (Period 2) | 40 to 45 Minutes (Period 2 - Period 1) | Baseline 45 to 50 Minutes (Period 1) | 45 to 50 Minutes (Period 2) | 45 to 50 Minutes (Period 2 - Period 1) | Baseline 50 to 55 Minutes (Period 1) | 50 to 55 Minutes (Period 2) | 50 to 55 Minutes (Period 2 - Period 1) | Baseline 55 to 60 Minutes (Period 1) | 55 to 60 Minutes (Period 2) | 55 to 60 Minutes (Period 2 - Period 1) | |
| Placebo | 197.2 | 212.2 | 15.4 | 201.3 | 191.4 | 3.9 | 209.1 | 189.5 | 2.0 | 211.9 | 191.3 | 0.0 | 216.6 | 196.3 | 0.0 | 216.2 | 184.8 | 0.0 | 207.9 | 186.9 | 5.9 | 217.0 | 180.7 | 1.2 | 210.5 | 179.0 | 0.0 | 210.0 | 177.3 | 0.8 | 200.5 | 181.2 | 6.6 | 202.1 | 174.7 | 1.1 |
| TSC 0.5 mg/kg | 175.3 | 165.1 | 11.2 | 185.2 | 170.0 | 9.5 | 180.0 | 170.6 | 22.2 | 178.6 | 172.9 | 18.6 | 190.9 | 171.0 | 11.2 | 190.5 | 171.9 | 13.6 | 184.5 | 167.0 | 15.4 | 182.4 | 170.3 | 12.7 | 188.5 | 176.2 | 14.7 | 181.8 | 178.5 | 16.6 | 180.7 | 173.2 | 10.3 | 171.9 | 172.5 | 13.5 |
| TSC 1.0 mg/kg | 153.1 | 165.8 | 5.6 | 159.4 | 159.4 | 4.3 | 160.3 | 167.5 | 7.9 | 162.3 | 174.8 | 16.8 | 164.8 | 180.6 | 20.7 | 166.4 | 182.0 | 22.1 | 148.1 | 172.4 | 17.3 | 151.5 | 180.9 | 34.5 | 141.3 | 180.6 | 43.5 | 148.9 | 173.4 | 27.2 | 168.9 | 174.4 | 11.0 | 160.8 | 175.5 | 19.2 |
| TSC 1.5 mg/kg | 178.0 | 180.0 | 12.1 | 179.8 | 184.1 | 4.4 | 176.2 | 183.9 | 13.3 | 180.7 | 184.5 | 13.4 | 173.2 | 180.2 | 14.8 | 178.8 | 182.0 | 10.2 | 175.8 | 176.8 | 14.0 | 175.5 | 177.4 | 15.6 | 178.6 | 174.3 | 14.9 | 177.1 | 170.1 | 18.2 | 181.7 | 178.2 | 12.8 | 177.2 | 172.1 | 10.1 |
| TSC 2.0 mg/kg | 179.9 | 203.3 | 25.8 | 187.4 | 206.9 | 23.1 | 196.6 | 201.8 | 13.1 | 200.9 | 206.4 | 16.4 | 202.8 | 214.4 | 16.2 | 200.8 | 202.7 | 7.2 | 212.1 | 200.5 | 5.9 | 217.9 | 200.3 | 4.3 | 208.2 | 209.2 | 6.9 | 208.7 | 211.1 | 5.7 | 211.6 | 208.1 | 3.3 | 196.9 | 209.9 | 13.8 |
| TSC 2.5 mg/kg | 162.4 | 194.7 | 36.4 | 160.1 | 194.0 | 40.9 | 162.6 | 197.6 | 39.1 | 172.8 | 197.8 | 29.8 | 173.4 | 204.1 | 34.9 | 180.1 | 202.0 | 26.1 | 175.4 | 198.0 | 26.8 | 177.8 | 200.8 | 27.2 | 181.6 | 199.8 | 23.6 | 182.5 | 204.6 | 24.9 | 183.3 | 203.6 | 22.7 | 179.0 | 205.9 | 29.8 |
Determine the Dose-Response of TSC on tcpO2 Following a Single Administration of TSC in Subjects Breathing O2. (NCT04808622)
Timeframe: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 minutes post-dose
| Intervention | mmHg (Number) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-5 Minutes Post-Dose | 5-10 Minutes Post-Dose | 10-15 Minutes Post-Dose | 15-20 Minutes Post-Dose | 20-25 Minutes Post-Dose | 25-30 Minutes Post-Dose | 30-35 Minutes Post-Dose | 35-40 Minutes Post-Dose | 40-45 Minutes Post-Dose | 45-50 Minutes Post-Dose | 50-55 Minutes Post-Dose | 55-60 Minutes Post-Dose | |
| TSC 0.5 mg/kg | -4.1 | 5.6 | 20.2 | 18.6 | 11.1 | 13.6 | 9.6 | 11.6 | 14.7 | 15.8 | 3.7 | 12.4 |
| TSC 1.0 mg/kg | -7.6 | 2.7 | 8.2 | 19.0 | 22.9 | 24.3 | 13.6 | 33.3 | 43.5 | 26.4 | 4.4 | 18.1 |
| TSC 1.5 mg/kg | -3.3 | 0.5 | 11.4 | 13.4 | 14.8 | 10.2 | 8.2 | 14.4 | 14.9 | 17.4 | 6.2 | 9.0 |
| TSC 2.0 mg/kg | 10.5 | 19.2 | 11.2 | 16.4 | 16.2 | 7.1 | 0.1 | 3.1 | 6.9 | 4.8 | -3.3 | 12.7 |
| TSC 2.5 mg/kg | 21.1 | 37.0 | 37.2 | 29.8 | 34.9 | 26.1 | 20.9 | 26.0 | 23.6 | 24.1 | 16.1 | 28.7 |
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-butanol 1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol; short-chain primary fatty alcohol | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent |
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.. (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid : A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at the 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of dopamine.. dihydroxyphenylacetic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having two phenolic hydroxy substituents. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | catechols; dihydroxyphenylacetic acid | human metabolite |
| lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 2.55 | 2 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite |
| hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity | antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite |
| croton oil [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-hexosamine | |
| sulfites Sulfites: Inorganic salts of sulfurous acid.. sulfites : Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.. organosulfonate oxoanion : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid.. sulfite : A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3). | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion | |
| 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid | fluorescent probe |
| 3-methylcholanthrene Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.. 3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene | aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent |
| homovanillic acid Homovanillic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid.. homovanillate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid.. homovanillic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | guaiacols; monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates | anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent |
| benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene | carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite |
| bisbenzimidazole Bisbenzimidazole: A benzimidazole antifilarial agent; it is fluorescent when it binds to certain nucleotides in DNA, thus providing a tool for the study of DNA replication; it also interferes with mitosis. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | bibenzimidazole; N-methylpiperazine | anthelminthic drug; fluorochrome |
| verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound | |
| diphenyleneiodonium diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | organic cation | |
| erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
| fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic |
| hypericin [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound | anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic |
| isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent |
| kynurenic acid Kynurenic Acid: A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.. kynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxyquinoline; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid | G-protein-coupled receptor agonist; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound | autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| oxidopamine Oxidopamine: A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.. oxidopamine : A benzenetriol that is phenethylamine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by hydroxy groups. It occurs naturally in human urine, but is also produced as a metabolite of the drug DOPA (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease). | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | benzenetriol; catecholamine; primary amino compound | drug metabolite; human metabolite; neurotoxin |
| protoporphyrin ix protoporphyrin IX: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7685. protoporphyrin : A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin bearing four methyl substituents at positions 3, 8, 13 and 17, two vinyl substituents at positions 7 and 12 and two 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2 and 18. The parent of the class of protoporphyrins. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| temozolomide [no description available] | 7.05 | 1 | 0 | imidazotetrazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; triazene derivative | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; prodrug |
| corticosterone [no description available] | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| hydroxyproline Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.. hydroxyproline : A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 4-hydroxyproline; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes | carcinogenic agent |
| adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate | fundamental metabolite; human metabolite |
| phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent |
| tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid | chelator |
| tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan | antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| tert-butylhydroperoxide tert-Butylhydroperoxide: A direct-acting oxidative stress-inducing agent used to examine the effects of oxidant stress on Ca(2+)-dependent signal transduction in vascular endothelial cells. It is also used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions and to introduce peroxy groups into organic molecules.. tert-butyl hydroperoxide : An alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl. It is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | alkyl hydroperoxide | antibacterial agent; oxidising agent |
| isophorone isophorone : A cyclic ketone, the structure of which is that of cyclohex-2-en-1-one substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | cyclic ketone; enone | plant metabolite; solvent |
| methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | 6-methylprednisolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antiemetic; environmental contaminant; neuroprotective agent; xenobiotic |
| xanthenes Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | xanthene | |
| propylparaben Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872) | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | benzoate ester; paraben; phenols | antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent |
| uridine diphosphate glucose Uridine Diphosphate Glucose: A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.. UDP-alpha-D-glucose : The alpha-anomer of UDP-alpha-D-glucose. It is used in nucleotide sugars metabolism. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | UDP-D-glucose | fundamental metabolite |
| ethyl acetate ethyl acetate : The acetate ester formed between acetic acid and ethanol. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | acetate ester; ethyl ester; volatile organic compound | EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor; metabolite; polar aprotic solvent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| n-heptane Heptanes: Seven-carbon alkanes with the formula C7H16.. heptane : A straight-chain alkane with seven carbon atoms. It has been found in Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi). | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | alkane; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent; plant metabolite |
| perylene Perylene: A 20-carbon dibenz(de,kl)anthracene that can be viewed as a naphthalene fused to a phenalene or as dinaphthalene. It is used as fluorescent lipid probe in the cytochemistry of membranes and is a polycyclic hydrocarbon pollutant in soil and water. Derivatives may be carcinogenic.. perylene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene comprising of five benzene rings that is anthracene in which the d,e and k,l sides are fused to benzene rings. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene; perylenes | |
| thiazoles [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
| beta-cyclocitral beta-cyclocitral: structure in first source. beta-cyclocitral : A monoterpenoid formally derived from citral by cyclisation. It is a volatile compound produced by a cyanobacteria. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid | bacterial metabolite |
| imperatorin imperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist; furanocoumarin from West African medicinal plant Clausena anisata; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #3005. imperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 8. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | psoralens | EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| dihydrotestosterone Dihydrotestosterone: A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.. 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5.. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one; 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid | androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. | 3.67 | 9 | 0 | dialdehyde | biomarker |
| acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary |
| sodium hydroxide Sodium Hydroxide: A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | alkali metal hydroxide | |
| arsenic trioxide Arsenic Trioxide: An inorganic compound with the chemical formula As2O3 that is used for the treatment of ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA in patients who have relapsed from, or are resistant to, conventional drug therapy. | 2.94 | 3 | 0 | ||
| d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | alpha-tocopherol | algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite |
| paraquat Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.. paraquat : An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | organic cation | geroprotector; herbicide |
| thioflavin t thioflavin T: RN given refers to chloride; structure. thioflavine T : An organic chloride salt having 2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,6-dimethyl-1,3-benzothiazol-3-ium as the counterion. It is widely used to visualise and quantify the presence of amyloids, both in vitro and in vivo. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | organic chloride salt | fluorochrome; geroprotector; histological dye |
| n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration. | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound | neurotransmitter agent |
| silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental silver | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
| galactosamine 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose : The pyranose form of D-galactosamine.. D-galactosamine : The D-stereoisomer of galactosamine. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | D-galactosamine; primary amino compound | toxin |
| rhamnose [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | L-rhamnose | |
| tiletamine hydrochloride Cyclohexanones: Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.. cyclohexanones : Any alicyclic ketone based on a cyclohexane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator |
| phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; phenyl acetates | |
| ribavirin Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | 1-ribosyltriazole; aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary carboxamide | anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor |
| ng-nitroarginine methyl ester NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid ester; L-arginine derivative; methyl ester; N-nitro compound | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor |
| 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | chromanol; monocarboxylic acid; phenols | antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger; Wnt signalling inhibitor |
| colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol | adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist |
| safranal safranal: a monoterpene aldehyde; one of the main components responsible for the aroma of saffron; structure given in first source. safranal : A monoterpenoid formally derived from beta-cyclocitral by dehydrogenation. | 7.64 | 26 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
| sudan iii sudan III: structure in first source. Sudan III : A bis(azo) compound that is 2-naphthol substituted at position 1 by a 4-{[(2-methylphenyl)diazenyl]phenyl}diazenyl group. A fat-soluble dye predominantly used for demonstrating triglycerides in frozen sections, but which may also stain some protein bound lipids in paraffin sections. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | azobenzenes; bis(azo) compound; naphthols | carcinogenic agent; fluorochrome; histological dye |
| ketoisophorone ketoisophorone: structure in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | cyclohexenones | |
| glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages. | 6.51 | 23 | 0 | D-glucopyranose | epitope; mouse metabolite |
| isoimperatorin isoimperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist isolated from Glehniae root. isoimperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 5. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | psoralens | EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; metabolite |
| fibrinogen Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | iditol | fungal metabolite |
| aflatoxin b1-2,3-oxide [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aflatoxin | human metabolite |
| geniposide [no description available] | 3.32 | 6 | 0 | terpene glycoside | |
| deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 3'-o-(4-benzoyl)benzoyladenosine 5'-triphosphate 3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyladenosine 5'-triphosphate: purinergic receptors agonist; structure given in first source | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate | |
| picrocrocin picrocrocin: a glucoside of safranal; a bitter-tasting substance; structure given in first source. picrocrocin : A beta-D-glucoside of beta-cyclocitral; the precursor of safranal. It is the compound most responsible for the bitter taste of saffron. | 6.43 | 21 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside | |
| hydroxyl radical Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | oxygen hydride; oxygen radical; reactive oxygen species | |
| singlet oxygen Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | chalcogen; monoatomic oxygen; nonmetal atom | macronutrient |
| angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V). | 3.3 | 6 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II | human metabolite |
| aflatoxin b1 Aflatoxin B1: A potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus flavus group of fungi. It is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and causes immunosuppression in animals. It is found as a contaminant in peanuts, cottonseed meal, corn, and other grains. The mycotoxin requires epoxidation to aflatoxin B1 2,3-oxide for activation. Microsomal monooxygenases biotransform the toxin to the less toxic metabolites aflatoxin M1 and Q1.. aflatoxin B1 : An aflatoxin having a tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene skeleton with oxygen functionality at positions 1, 4 and 11. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | aflatoxin; aromatic ether; aromatic ketone | carcinogenic agent; human metabolite |
| 3-nitrotyrosine 3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 2-nitrophenols; C-nitro compound; nitrotyrosine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | |
| schisanhenol schisanhenol: a dibenzyl cyclooctane from kernels of Schisandra rubriflora; structure given in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| genipin [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | iridoid monoterpenoid | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cross-linking reagent; hepatotoxic agent; uncoupling protein inhibitor |
| tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | retinoic acid; vitamin A | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule |
| arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid | Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | resveratrol | antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified). | 15.59 | 310 | 5 | retinol; vitamin A | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| oleic acid Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | octadec-9-enoic acid | antioxidant; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; solvent |
| lycopene [no description available] | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | acyclic carotene | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| iridoids Iridoids: A type of MONOTERPENES, derived from geraniol. They have the general form of cyclopentanopyran, but in some cases, one of the rings is broken as in the case of secoiridoid. They are different from the similarly named iridals (TRITERPENES). | 3.46 | 7 | 0 | ||
| glycosides [no description available] | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | ||
| stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | stilbene | |
| phenyl-n-tert-butylnitrone phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone: a spin-trapping agent | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| D-fructopyranose [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose | sweetening agent |
| 5-carboxytetramethylrhodamine 5-carboxytetramethylrhodamine: structure in first source. 5-carboxytetramethylrhodamine : A tetramethylrhodamine compound having a carboxy substituent at the 5-position | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | xanthenes | fluorochrome |
| crocin crocin: a free radical scavenger | 9.78 | 63 | 0 | ||
| quercetin [no description available] | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | prostaglandins E | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic |
| beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues. | 2.98 | 4 | 0 | carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene | antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A |
| (all-e) phytoene (all-E) phytoene: C40 carotenoid biosynthesized in bacteria; minor descriptor (75-84); EP to CAROTENOIDS (85); on-line & Index Medicus search CAROTENOIDS (75-85); RN given refers to (all-trans)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation. all-trans-phytoene : The all-trans-isomer of phytoene. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | phytoene | plant metabolite |
| cholecalciferol Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | D3 vitamins; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; steroid hormone | geroprotector; human metabolite |
| kaempferol [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; flavonols; tetrahydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| zeaxanthin Zeaxanthins: Carotenoids found in fruits and vegetables. Zeaxanthin accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA. | 4.46 | 6 | 0 | carotenol | antioxidant; bacterial metabolite; cofactor |
| gardenia yellow gardenia yellow: extract of gardenia fruit; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF. crocin-1 : A diester that is crocetin in which both of the carboxy groups have been converted to their gentiobiosyl esters. It is one of the water-soluble yellow-red pigments of saffron and is used as a spice for flavouring and colouring food. Note that in India, the term 'Crocin' is also used by GlaxoSmithKline as a brand-name for paracetamol. | 3.17 | 5 | 0 | diester; disaccharide derivative; diterpenoid | antioxidant; food colouring; histological dye; plant metabolite |
| lutein Lutein: A xanthophyll found in the major LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES of plants. Dietary lutein accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.. xanthophyll : A subclass of carotenoids consisting of the oxygenated carotenes. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | carotenol | food colouring; plant metabolite |
| baicalein [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | trihydroxyflavone | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hormone antagonist; plant metabolite; prostaglandin antagonist; radical scavenger |
| astragalin kaempferol-3-O-glucoside: isolated from the pit of Mahkota dewa; structure in first source. kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : A kaempferol O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 3 of kaempferol via a beta-glycosidic linkage. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; kaempferol O-glucoside; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | plant metabolite; trypanocidal drug |
| kaempferol 3-o-sophoroside kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside: isolated from leaves of Cassia alata. kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside : A sophoroside that is kaempferol attached to a beta-D-sophorosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | sophoroside; trihydroxyflavone | plant metabolite |
| quercetin-3-o-sophoroside quercetin-3-O-sophoroside: structure given in first source. quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin attached to a beta-D-sophorosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | sophoroside; tetrahydroxyflavone | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal: cytotoxic product from peroxidation of liver microsomal lipids; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 4-hydroxynon-2-enal : An enal consisting of non-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position and a hydroxy group at the 4-position.. 4-hydroxynonenal : A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is nonanal that has undergone dehydrogenation to introduce a double bond at any position in the aliphatic chain and in which a hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 4-hydroxynon-2-enal; 4-hydroxynonenal | |
| 1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol Peceol: lipid excipient containing readily dispersible mixture of mono- & diglycerides of oleic acid. 1-oleoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride where the acyl group is oleoyl.. monooleoylglycerol : A monoglyceride in which the acyl group is oleoyl with the position of acylation unspecified. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | 1-acylglycerol 18:1; monooleoylglycerol | plant metabolite |
| diamide Diamide: A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,1'-azobis(N,N-dimethylformamide) | |
| aluminum Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | boron group element atom; elemental aluminium; metal atom | |
| apocarotenal apocarotenal: structure. 8'-apo-beta,psi-caroten-8'-al : An apo carotenoid triterpenoid compound arising from oxidative degradation of the beta,beta-carotene skeleton at the 8'-position. | 2 | 1 | 0 | apo carotenoid triterpenoid; enal | |
| selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | chalcogen; nonmetal atom | micronutrient |
| tellurium Tellurium: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has the atomic symbol Te, atomic number 52, and atomic weight 127.60. It has been used as a coloring agent and in the manufacture of electrical equipment. Exposure may cause nausea, vomiting, and CNS depression. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | chalcogen; metalloid atom | |
| mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11). | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent |
| alpha-synuclein alpha-Synuclein: A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES and plays a role in SYNUCLEINOPATHIES, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. | 4.02 | 2 | 0 | ||
| ucn 1028 c calphostin C: structure given in first source; isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ribose ribopyranose : The pyranose form of ribose. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | D-ribose; ribopyranose | |
| 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein: nonfluorescent, reduced form of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cytochrome c-t Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | ||
| ceruletide Ceruletide: A specific decapeptide obtained from the skin of Hila caerulea, an Australian amphibian. Caerulein is similar in action and composition to CHOLECYSTOKININ. It stimulates gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion; and certain smooth muscle. It is used in paralytic ileus and as diagnostic aid in pancreatic malfunction.. ceruletide : A decapeptide comprising 5-oxoprolyl, glutamyl, aspartyl, O-sulfotyrosyl, threonyl, glycyl, tryptopyl, methionyl, aspartyl and phenylalaninamide residues in sequence. Found in the skins of certain Australian amphibians, it is an analogue of the gastrointestinal peptide hormone cholecystokinin and stimulates gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion. It is used in cases of paralysis of the intestine (paralytic ileus) and as a diagnostic aid in pancreatic malfunction. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | diagnostic agent; gastrointestinal drug |
| endothelin-1 Endothelin-1: A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63) | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| calpain Calpain: Cysteine proteinase found in many tissues. Hydrolyzes a variety of endogenous proteins including NEUROPEPTIDES; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; proteins from SMOOTH MUSCLE; CARDIAC MUSCLE; liver; platelets; and erythrocytes. Two subclasses having high and low calcium sensitivity are known. Removes Z-discs and M-lines from myofibrils. Activates phosphorylase kinase and cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.22.4. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms. | 4.09 | 3 | 1 | ascorbic acid; vitamin C | coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent |
| isoascorbic acid isoascorbic acid: food antioxidant; (L)-isomer is ascorbic acid; RN given refers to (D)-isomer; structure | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ascorbic acid | |
| transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins. | 3.16 | 3 | 0 | ||
| kiss1 protein, human Kisspeptins: Intercellular signaling peptides that were originally characterized by their ability to suppress NEOPLASM METASTASIS. Kisspeptins have since been found to play an important role in the neuroendocrine regulation of REPRODUCTION. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclin d1 Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | ||
| oligo(dg-dc) [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| deoxyguanosine [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| dacarbazine (E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dacarbazine | |
| allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound | antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger |
| methylnitronitrosoguanidine Methylnitronitrosoguanidine: A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine : An N-nitroguanidine compound having nitroso and methyl substituents at the N'-position | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | nitroso compound | alkylating agent |
| 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | guanosines | biomarker |
| leptin Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metastase [description not available] | 0 | 2.93 | 3 | 0 |
| Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 3 | 0 |
| Cancer of Stomach [description not available] | 0 | 2.82 | 3 | 0 |
| Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site. | 0 | 2.93 | 3 | 0 |
| Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH. | 0 | 2.82 | 3 | 0 |
| Atherogenesis [description not available] | 0 | 5.77 | 7 | 1 |
| Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 7.75 | 35 | 0 |
| Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA. | 0 | 5.77 | 7 | 1 |
| Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Electron Transport Chain Deficiencies, Mitochondrial [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Mitochondrial Diseases Diseases caused by abnormal function of the MITOCHONDRIA. They may be caused by mutations, acquired or inherited, in mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes that code for mitochondrial components. They may also be the result of acquired mitochondria dysfunction due to adverse effects of drugs, infections, or other environmental causes. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 4.01 | 11 | 0 |
| Acute Edematous Pancreatitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. | 0 | 2.76 | 2 | 0 |
| Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 4.01 | 11 | 0 |
| Pancreatitis INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Injury, Acute [description not available] | 0 | 2.55 | 2 | 0 |
| Injuries, Radiation [description not available] | 0 | 2.76 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Lung Injury A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological). | 0 | 2.55 | 2 | 0 |
| Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY). | 0 | 2.91 | 3 | 0 |
| Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 3 | 0 |
| Ischemia A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION. | 0 | 8.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA. | 0 | 2.88 | 3 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. | 0 | 2.76 | 2 | 0 |
| Diabetic Retinopathy Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders. | 0 | 4.07 | 4 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoma Sebaceum Facial ANGIOFIBROMA in tuberous sclerosis | 0 | 3.33 | 4 | 0 |
| Tuberous Sclerosis Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules). There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart, kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with the disease. | 0 | 3.33 | 4 | 0 |
| Glaucoma An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed) | 0 | 3.52 | 4 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 5.5 | 7 | 0 |
| Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. | 0 | 5.5 | 7 | 0 |
| Acute Ischemic Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 3.01 | 2 | 0 |
| Ischemic Stroke Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain. When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel (see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke. Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown origin. | 0 | 3.01 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 4.19 | 5 | 0 |
| Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57) | 0 | 4.19 | 5 | 0 |
| Chloasma [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Melanosis Disorders of increased melanin pigmentation that develop without preceding inflammatory disease. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Apoplexy [description not available] | 0 | 2.59 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebral Ischemia [description not available] | 0 | 8.33 | 6 | 0 |
| Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION. | 0 | 3.33 | 6 | 0 |
| Stroke A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810) | 0 | 7.59 | 2 | 0 |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Alloxan Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 2 | 0 |
| Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Ovary [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Coronary Heart Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.59 | 1 | 1 |
| Coronary Disease An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels. | 0 | 3.59 | 1 | 1 |
| Anasarca [description not available] | 0 | 2.74 | 3 | 0 |
| Branch Vein Occlusion [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. | 0 | 2.74 | 3 | 0 |
| Retinal Vein Occlusion Blockage of the RETINAL VEIN. Those at high risk for this condition include patients with HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; and other CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| ER-Negative PR-Negative HER2-Negative Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available] | 0 | 2.52 | 2 | 0 |
| Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Disease Exacerbation [description not available] | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Nearsightedness [description not available] | 0 | 2.63 | 2 | 0 |
| Myopia A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness. | 0 | 2.63 | 2 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 3.17 | 5 | 0 |
| Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available] | 0 | 2.99 | 4 | 0 |
| Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. | 0 | 3.17 | 5 | 0 |
| Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures. | 1 | 4.99 | 4 | 0 |
| Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 2.55 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Break-Bone Fever [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Dengue An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903) | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Intestinal Diseases Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Arrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Arsenic Encephalopathy [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Toxicity [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiotoxicity Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinal Degeneration A retrogressive pathological change in the retina, focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p304) | 0 | 3.77 | 3 | 0 |
| Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.64 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA. | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.23 | 1 | 0 |
| Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75) | 0 | 3.23 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Gestational [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS). Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Carditis [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Myocarditis Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.81 | 3 | 0 |
| Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. | 0 | 2.81 | 3 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 2.58 | 2 | 0 |
| Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION). | 0 | 2.58 | 2 | 0 |
| Injuries, Spinal Cord [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Spinal Cord Injuries Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.). | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Peripheral Nerve Injury [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Nerve Pain [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Neuralgia Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Peripheral Nerve Injuries Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| B16 Melanoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.58 | 2 | 0 |
| Sex Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.09 | 1 | 0 |
| Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological Physiological disturbances in normal sexual performance in either the male or the female. | 0 | 3.09 | 1 | 0 |
| Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Polycystic Ovary Syndrome A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term, polycystic ovary, is misleading. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Chronic Insomnia [description not available] | 0 | 4.45 | 2 | 2 |
| Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric condition. | 0 | 4.45 | 2 | 2 |
| Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative Vitreoretinal membrane shrinkage or contraction secondary to the proliferation of primarily retinal pigment epithelial cells and glial cells, particularly fibrous astrocytes, followed by membrane formation. The formation of fibrillar collagen and cellular proliferation appear to be the basis for the contractile properties of the epiretinal and vitreous membranes. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Ametropia [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Refractive Errors Deviations from the average or standard indices of refraction of the eye through its dioptric or refractive apparatus. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes are associated with this cancer. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Esophagus [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Esophageal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Eye Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
| Eye Diseases Diseases affecting the eye. | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
| Coronary Occlusion Complete blockage of blood flow through one of the CORONARY ARTERIES, usually from CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinal Diseases Diseases involving the RETINA. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Onset Vascular Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Dementia, Vascular An imprecise term referring to dementia associated with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION (single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44) | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Sclerosis, Systemic [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Scleroderma, Systemic A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS, the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Thrombosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Pressure, High [description not available] | 0 | 2.79 | 3 | 0 |
| Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. | 0 | 2.79 | 3 | 0 |
| Cancer of Prostate [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Swelling [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral [description not available] | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6) | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebral Hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. | 0 | 7.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Nervous System Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. | 0 | 3.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Cervix [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Hematoma A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue. | 0 | 7.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Burns Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Pancreas [description not available] | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA). | 0 | 2.48 | 2 | 0 |
| Asthma, Bronchial [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL). | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Complications of Diabetes Mellitus [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Heart Disease, Ischemic [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Myocardial Ischemia A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION). | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Colorectal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Diseases, Metabolic [description not available] | 0 | 3.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Metabolic Diseases Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed) | 0 | 3.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Cognition Disorders Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment. | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetic Angiopathies VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Clot [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Lung [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Lassitude [description not available] | 0 | 3.43 | 1 | 1 |
| Fatigue The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli. | 0 | 3.43 | 1 | 1 |
| Cardiac Hypertrophy Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix. | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
| Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES. | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
| Hemorrhagic Shock [description not available] | 0 | 5.42 | 14 | 0 |
| Anterior Cerebral Circulation Infarction [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Brain Emboli [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Adverse Drug Event [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Infarction Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis. | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction [description not available] | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
| Anterior Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Infarction The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction). | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
| Ischemic Attack, Transient Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6) | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Anoxia, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction. | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Anoxemia [description not available] | 0 | 4.02 | 5 | 0 |
| Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms. | 1 | 11.02 | 5 | 0 |
| Acute Brain Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Peripheral Arterial Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 4.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Intermittent Claudication A symptom complex characterized by pain and weakness in SKELETAL MUSCLE group associated with exercise, such as leg pain and weakness brought on by walking. Such muscle limpness disappears after a brief rest and is often relates to arterial STENOSIS; muscle ISCHEMIA; and accumulation of LACTATE. | 0 | 4.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Peripheral Arterial Disease Lack of perfusion in the EXTREMITIES resulting from atherosclerosis. It is characterized by INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, and an ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX of 0.9 or less. | 0 | 4.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Acute Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Colon [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Age-Related Memory Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Memory Disorders Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Coagulation, Disseminated Intravascular [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic process. The activation of the clotting mechanism may arise from any of a number of disorders. A majority of the patients manifest skin lesions, sometimes leading to PURPURA FULMINANS. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypercapnia A clinical manifestation of abnormal increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Uveitis, Anterior Inflammation of the anterior uvea comprising the iris, angle structures, and the ciliary body. Manifestations of this disorder include ciliary injection, exudation into the anterior chamber, iris changes, and adhesions between the iris and lens (posterior synechiae). Intraocular pressure may be increased or reduced. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Skin [description not available] | 0 | 3.8 | 4 | 0 |
| Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN. | 0 | 3.8 | 4 | 0 |
| Atherosclerotic Parkinsonism [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Parkinson Disease, Secondary Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms, infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait, and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Elevated Cholesterol [description not available] | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
| Hypercholesterolemia A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population. | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
| Insulin Sensitivity [description not available] | 0 | 3.86 | 4 | 0 |
| Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS. | 0 | 3.86 | 4 | 0 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperlipemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipidemias Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Relaxation That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Bends [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Dyslipidemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Dyslipidemias Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Sarcoma 180 An experimental sarcoma of mice. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Avian Sarcoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Papilloma, Squamous Cell [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Papilloma A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma 256, Walker A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Arteriosclerosis Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Hepatoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |