cycloastragenol profile

Flora	Rank	Flora Definition	Family	Family Definition
Astragalus	genus	[no description available]	Fabaceae	The large family of plants characterized by pods. Some are edible and some cause LATHYRISM or FAVISM and other forms of poisoning. Other species yield useful materials like gums from ACACIA and various LECTINS like PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS from PHASEOLUS. Many of them harbor NITROGEN FIXATION bacteria on their roots. Many but not all species of beans belong to this family.[MeSH]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	134801
MeSH ID	M0169258

Synonym
cycloastragenol ,

Research Excerpts

Overview

Cycloastragenol (CAG) is a sapogenin derived from the main bioactive constituents of Astragali Radix. Cycloastrage is a natural telomerase activator, and could be useful as a permanent component of oocyte maturation media.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Cycloastragenol (CA) is a plant saponin that functions as a telomerase activator, and it has been made as an oral anti-aging supplement and use as active ingredient in topical cosmetic products. "	( Encapsulation of cycloastragenol in phospholipid vesicles enhances transport and delivery across the skin barrier. Burk, K; Hudson, PL; Marangoni, AG; Wang, FC, 2022)	2.5
"Cycloastragenol (CAG) is a hydrolysis product of astragaloside IV, the major active component of Astragalus radix."	( Cycloastragenol suppresses M1 and promotes M2 polarization in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells and ischemic stroke mice. Chen, T; Gao, X; Li, S; Li, Z; Shu, S; Wang, Z; Zou, Y, 2022)	2.89
"Cycloastragenol (CY) is a compound from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge known to be effective in aging, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-heart failure treatments."	( Antitumor Effect of Cycloastragenol in Colon Cancer Cells via p53 Activation. Jang, HJ; Jee, W; Jung, JH; Kim, H; Ko, HM; Park, D, 2022)	1.77
"Cycloastragenol (CAG) is a tetra-cyclic triterpenoid allelochemical. "	( PLDδ, auxin, and H Kong, J; Liu, X; Yang, N; Yin, K; Zhang, C, 2023)	2.35
"Cycloastragenol (CAG) is a sapogenin derived from the main bioactive constituents of Astragali Radix (AR). "	( Comprehensive Study of Dai, L; Dong, P; Lan, X; Li, H; Li, Y; Wang, H; Wang, S; Zhang, J, 2023)	2.35
"Cycloastragenol is a natural telomerase activator, and could be useful as a permanent component of oocyte maturation media."	( The effects of cycloastragenol on bovine embryo development, implantation potential and telomerase activity. Haider, Z; Idrees, M; Joo, MD; Kang, JS; Khan, AM; Kong, IK; Lee, SH; Perera, CD, 2023)	2.71
"Cycloastragenol (CAG) is a triterpene aglycone of astragaloside IV that possesses various pharmacological actions including improving telomerase activity, inhibiting inflammation and cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis."	( Cycloastragenol exerts protective effects against UVB irradiation in human dermal fibroblasts and HaCaT keratinocytes. Ahn, KS; Hwang, ST; Um, JY; Yang, MH, 2023)	3.8
"Cycloastragenol (CAG) is a tetracyclic triterpenoid allelochemical extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus root."	( PLC1 mediated Cycloastragenol-induced stomatal movement by regulating the production of NO in Arabidopsis thaliana. Chen, R; Kong, J; Liu, R; Wang, S; Wang, W; Yang, N; Zhang, J, 2023)	1.99
"Cycloastragenol (CAG) is an aglycone of astragaloside IV. "	( Cycloastragenol is a potent telomerase activator in neuronal cells: implications for depression management. An, HJ; Chin, AC; Dai, Y; Harley, CB; Hu, YQ; Ip, FC; Ip, NY; Ng, YP; Pang, HH; Wong, YH, 2014)	3.29

Effects

Cycloastragenol (CAG) has been reported to alleviate airway inflammation in ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced asthmatic mice. CAG has been verified to be a small molecule that activates telomerase.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Cycloastragenol (CAG) has been reported to alleviate airway inflammation in ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced asthmatic mice. "	( TMT-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Downregulation of ITGAL and Syk by the Effects of Cycloastragenol in OVA-Induced Asthmatic Mice. Chen, M; Dong, J; Huang, X; Li, C; Liu, B; Ruan, Z; Shi, H; Sun, J; Wei, Y; Xu, W; Yu, H; Zhou, Y; Zhu, H; Zhu, X, 2022)	2.38
"Cycloastragenol (CAG) has been verified to be a small molecule that activates telomerase."	( Cycloastragenol protects against glucocorticoid-induced osteogenic differentiation inhibition by activating telomerase. Li, Y; Qin, H; Wu, J; Xu, D; Zeng, Z; Zhou, C; Zuo, C, 2021)	2.79

Treatment

Cycloastragenol treatment of oocytes in in vitro maturation (IVM) media significantly (P <0.05) improved oocyte IVM (90.87%), embryo cleavage ( 90.78%), blastocyst hatching (27.04%), and embryo implantation potential. The treatment of cycloastRagenol improved deranged cardiac parameters in the isoproterenol-induced heart damage model in a dose-dependent manner.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Cycloastragenol treatment improved the induced morphological changes."	( The therapeutic effects of cycloastragenol in ulcerative colitis by modulating SphK/MIP-1α/miR-143 signalling. Al-Gayyar, MMH; Almasri, D; Bagalagel, A; Bakhsh, HT; Diri, R; Kutbi, HI; Noor, A, 2022)	1.74
"Cycloastragenol treatment of oocytes in in vitro maturation (IVM) media significantly (P <0.05) improved oocyte IVM (90.87%), embryo cleavage (90.78%), blastocyst hatching (27.04%), and embryo implantation potential. "	( The effects of cycloastragenol on bovine embryo development, implantation potential and telomerase activity. Haider, Z; Idrees, M; Joo, MD; Kang, JS; Khan, AM; Kong, IK; Lee, SH; Perera, CD, 2023)	2.71
"The treatment of cycloastragenol improved deranged cardiac parameters in the isoproterenol-induced heart damage model in a dose-dependent manner."	( Cycloastragenol ameliorates experimental heart damage in rats by promoting myocardial autophagy via inhibition of AKT1-RPS6KB1 signaling. Cai, H; Cao, SP; Song, YH; Wang, J; Wu, ML; Zhao, ZM, 2018)	2.25

Pharmacokinetics

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The method was applied to a comparative pharmacokinetic study after administration of Yu Ping Feng San to rats at different doses (10, 20 and 40g/kg)."	( Development of an SPE-HPLC-MS method for simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic study of bioactive constituents of Yu Ping Feng San in rat plasma after oral administration. Chen, L; Li, T; Liang, R; Wang, Y; Yang, W; Zhang, D; Zhang, H, 2013)	0.39
" Rats were orally administrated with CA at 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg or intravenously administrated at 10 mg/kg to determine pharmacokinetic parameters of CA."	( Pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and excretion of cycloastragenol, a potent telomerase activator in rats. Cao, YL; Chen, HY; Chen, N; Guo, CE; Ma, PK; Miao, Q; Wei, BH; Zhang, YJ, 2017)	0.71

Bioavailability

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" However, extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism would limit the oral bioavailability of this compound."	( In vitro intestinal absorption and first-pass intestinal and hepatic metabolism of cycloastragenol, a potent small molecule telomerase activator. Chin, AC; Harley, CB; Ho, MK; Hu, Y; Ip, FC; Ip, NY; Lee, S; Pang, H; Wong, YH; Zhu, J, 2010)	0.59
" The results showed that the oral bioavailability of CA was about 25."	( Pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and excretion of cycloastragenol, a potent telomerase activator in rats. Cao, YL; Chen, HY; Chen, N; Guo, CE; Ma, PK; Miao, Q; Wei, BH; Zhang, YJ, 2017)	0.71

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	1 (1.64)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	2 (3.28)	29.6817
2010's	29 (47.54)	24.3611
2020's	29 (47.54)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	2 (3.23%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	60 (96.77%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.	2.58	2	catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose.	2.63	2	D-galactose; galactopyranose	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.	2.05	1	diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
eosine yellowish-(ys) Eosine Yellowish-(YS): A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.. eosin YS dye : An organic sodium salt that is 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromofluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions.	2.41	1	organic sodium salt; organobromine compound	fluorochrome; histological dye
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).	7.21	1	taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent
imiquimod Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.	7.21	1	imidazoquinoline	antineoplastic agent; interferon inducer
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.	3.53	2	D-glucopyranose	epitope; mouse metabolite
asiaticoside [no description available]	3.21	1
astragaloside a [no description available]	5.39	10
xylose xylopyranose: structure in first source	2.41	1	D-xylose
cycloartane cycloartane : A triterpene that is lanostane in which there is a methylene bridge between the 5- and 9-positions.	2.17	1	triterpene
angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).	2.21	1	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II	human metabolite
lupeol [no description available]	3.21	1	pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol	anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite
cimifugin cimifugin: isolated from Saposhnikovia divaricatae; structure in first source	2.08	1	organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle
glycosides [no description available]	3.49	2
ginsenosides ginsenoside : Triterpenoid saponins with a dammarane-like skeleton originally isolated from ginseng (Panax) species. Use of the term has been extended to include semi-synthetic derivatives.	3.21	1
ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	2.41	1
dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.	2.17	1	prostaglandins E	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic
formononetin [no description available]	2.08	1	4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones	phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone 7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone: isolated from Astragali radix; structure in first source. calycosin : A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones that is 7-hydroxyisoflavone which is substituted by an additional hydroxy group at the 3' position and a methoxy group at the 4' position.	2.08	1	4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones	antioxidant; metabolite
5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine: structure given in first source. 1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-5,5',6,6'-tetrachloroimidacarbocyanine : The cationic form of a C3 cyanine dye having 1,3-diethyl-5,6-dichloroindoleinine units at each end.	2.6	1	cyanine dye; indolium ion	fluorochrome
beta-escin [no description available]	5.57	12
ginsenoside rd ginsenoside Rd: RN refers to (3beta,12beta)-isomer. ginsenoside Rd : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to its beta-D-glucopyranoside.	3.21	1	beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; apoptosis inducer; immunosuppressive agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite; vulnerary
oligonucleotides [no description available]	2.04	1
sphingosine kinase [no description available]	2.41	1
sapogenins Sapogenins: The aglucon moiety of a saponin molecule. It may be triterpenoid or steroid, usually spirostan, in nature.	7.01	51
bacoside a bacoside A: from Bacopa monnieri; structure in first source	3.21	1	triterpenoid saponin

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Diathesis [description not available]	2.31	1
Asthma, Bronchial [description not available]	2.76	2
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	3.71	8
Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	2.76	2
Bronchial Hyperreactivity Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.	2.31	1
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available]	2.31	1
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available]	2.31	1
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	3.59	7
Age-Related Memory Disorders [description not available]	2.31	1
Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)	2.31	1
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	3.59	7
Memory Disorders Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.	2.31	1
Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.	2.31	1
Hemorrhage, Subarachnoid [description not available]	2.41	1
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status.	7.41	1
Colitis Gravis [description not available]	2.41	1
Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.	2.41	1
Acute Ischemic Stroke [description not available]	2.41	1
Ischemic Stroke Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain. When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel (see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke. Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown origin.	7.41	1
Sterility, Female [description not available]	3.52	4
Infertility, Female Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception.	3.52	4
Cancer of Colon [description not available]	3.33	4
Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON.	3.33	4
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	7.72	2
Skin Aging The process of aging due to changes in the structure and elasticity of the skin over time. It may be a part of physiological aging or it may be due to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, usually through exposure to sunlight.	2.59	2
Airflow Obstruction, Chronic [description not available]	2.6	1
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.	2.6	1
Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available]	2.25	1
Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).	7.25	1
Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery [description not available]	2.25	1
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.	2.25	1
Age-Related Osteoporosis [description not available]	2.25	1
Osteoporosis Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.	2.25	1
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic [description not available]	2.15	1
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.	2.15	1
Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.	2.17	1
Cancer of Prostate [description not available]	2.17	1
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.	2.17	1
Cirrhosis [description not available]	2.17	1
Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.	2.17	1
Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.	7.17	1
Cardiac Failure [description not available]	2.17	1
Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	2.17	1
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm [description not available]	7.21	1
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.	2.21	1
Cancer of Stomach [description not available]	2.21	1
Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.	2.21	1
Palmoplantaris Pustulosis [description not available]	2.21	1
Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis.	7.21	1
Biological Clock Disturbances [description not available]	2.21	1
Cryptogenic Fibrosing Alveolitis [description not available]	2.08	1
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis A common interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, usually occurring between 50-70 years of age. Clinically, it is characterized by an insidious onset of breathlessness with exertion and a nonproductive cough, leading to progressive DYSPNEA. Pathological features show scant interstitial inflammation, patchy collagen fibrosis, prominent fibroblast proliferation foci, and microscopic honeycomb change.	2.08	1
Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available]	2.1	1
Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.	7.1	1
Dermatoses [description not available]	3.03	1
Skin Diseases Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.	3.03	1
Anoxia-Ischemia, Brain [description not available]	2.15	1
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISCHEMIA) to the brain from a localized obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN EDEMA; COMA; and other conditions.	2.15	1
HIV Coinfection [description not available]	2.04	1
HIV Infections Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).	2.04	1

cycloastragenol

Cross-References

Synonyms (1)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Treatment

Pharmacokinetics

Bioavailability

Research

Studies (61)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 35.32

Study Types

cycloastragenol

Related Flora

Cross-References

Synonyms (1)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Treatment

Pharmacokinetics

Bioavailability

Research

Studies (61)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 35.32

Study Types

Related Drugs (27)

Related Conditions (60)