nystatin a1 profile

Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	11286230
CHEMBL ID	450895
CHEBI ID	473992
SCHEMBL ID	18633553
MeSH ID	M0015149

Synonym
nyotran
terrastatin
1400-61-9
34786-70-4
nystatin a1
nystatin
LMPK06000004
CHEBI:473992
(1s,3r,4r,7r,9r,11r,15s,16r,17r,18s,19e,21e,25e,27e,29e,31e,33r,35s,36r,37s)-33-[(3-amino-3,6-dideoxy-beta-d-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-
CHEMBL450895
nystatinum
unii-w1lx4t91wi
w1lx4t91wi ,
nystatin a1 [mi]
(1s,3r,4e,6e,8e,10e,14e,16e,18s,19r,20r,21s,25r,27r,29r,32r,33r,35s,37s,38r)-3-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6r)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-19,25,27,29,32,33,35,37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-
SCHEMBL18633553
(7r,10r)-8,9-dideoxy-28,29-dihydro-7,10-dihydroxyamphotericin b
DTXSID80872323
AKOS032963569
Q27292191
(1s,3r,4r,7r,9r,11r,15s,16r,17r,18s,19e,21e,25e,27e,29e,31e,33r,35s,36r,37s)-33-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6r)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,3
(1s,3r,4r,7r,9r,11r,15s,16r,17r,18s,19e,21z,25e,27e,29e,31e,33r,35s,36r,37s)-33-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6r)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,3

Excerpt	Reference
"Marked differences in LD50 values were found between various batches of polyene antibiotics (mepartricin and nystatin) after intraperitoneal administration in suspension to mice."	( Relationship between acute toxicity in mice and polymorphic forms of polyene antibiotics. Bianchi, C; Bruzzese, T; Ghielmetti, G; Recusani, F, 1976)
"2-Bromohydroquinone (BHQ) is a model toxic hydroquinone and plays an important role in bromobenzene-induced nephrotoxicity."	( 2-Bromohydroquinone-induced toxicity to rabbit renal proximal tubules: the role of biotransformation, glutathione, and covalent binding. Lau, SS; Mandel, LJ; Monks, TJ; Schnellmann, RG, 1989)
" The data showed that: (1) Hibiclens was uniformly toxic to both cultured human cells and microorganisms; (2) norfloxacin had dose-dependent toxicity to human cells and broad effectiveness against microorganisms; and (3) norfloxacin (25 micrograms/mL) plus nystatin (100 U/mL) had low toxicity to human cells and high toxicity to both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (20 of 20) and fungi (4 of 4)."	( Selection of topical antimicrobial agents for cultured skin for burns by combined assessment of cellular cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity. Boyce, ST; Holder, IA, 1993)
" Despite the parentally toxic doses in the SEG I study, there was no effect of Nyotran on F0 male or female fertility or early embryonic development of F1 offspring."	( The reproductive and developmental toxicity of the antifungal drug Nyotran (liposomal nystatin) in rats and rabbits. Cossum, PA; Larson, JL; Marr, MC; Myers, CB; Tyl, RW; Wallace, TL, 2000)
"5 million adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports for 8620 drugs/biologics that are listed for 1191 Coding Symbols for Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction (COSTAR) terms of adverse effects."	( Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling. Benz, RD; Contrera, JF; Kruhlak, NL; Matthews, EJ; Weaver, JL, 2004)
" NYS exhibited the lowest acute toxicity in mice in these experiments, while both Amph-B and S44HP were shown to be 4 times more toxic as judged from the LD50 values."	( [Comparative analysis of in vitro antifungal activity and in vivo acute toxicity of the nystatin analogue S44HP produced via genetic engineering]. Borgos, SE; Ellingsen, TE; Pereverzeva, EP; Sletta, H; Treshchalin, ID; Voeĭkova, TA; Zotchev, SB, 2005)
" The aim of this work is to encapsulate NYS in niosomes to obtain a safe and effective formula administered parenterally for neutropenic patients."	( Niosomes as a potential drug delivery system for increasing the efficacy and safety of nystatin. Abdelbary, A; El-Ridy, MS; El-Salam, RM; Essam, T; Kassem, AA, 2011)
" Both agents are safe without significant toxicities."	( Chemoprophylaxis of neonatal fungal infections in very low birthweight infants: efficacy and safety of fluconazole and nystatin. Barzi, F; Blyth, CC; Hale, K; Isaacs, D, 2012)
"A novel lipid formulation of Nystatin (NYT), Nystatin-Intralipid (NYT-IL), which was found to be more active and less toxic in vitro and in vivo, was developed in our laboratory."	( Mechanism of activity and toxicity of Nystatin-Intralipid. Berdicevsky, I; Kagan, S; Polacheck, I; Segal, E; Semis, R, 2013)
" Parameters related to hyperaemia, visual analogue scale scores, culture of resting saliva and a lingual dorsum swab and adverse reactions were assessed or recorded in the beginning, middle and end of treatment."	( Efficacy and safety of probiotics in the treatment of Candida-associated stomatitis. Gong, Q; Li, D; Li, Q; Li, X; Lin, M; Liu, C; Xiao, X; Zhou, H; Zhu, Z, 2014)
" However, Nystatin A1 was also markedly more toxic against human keratinocyte cells."	( Novel Nystatin A₁ derivatives exhibiting low host cell toxicity and antifungal activity in an in vitro model of oral candidosis. Boros-Majewska, J; Borowski, E; Hayes, AJ; Malic, S; Milewski, S; Salewska, N; Wei, XQ; Williams, DW; Wilson, MJ, 2014)
" We evaluated the safety and tolerability of ATII-cell transplantation by assessing the emergent adverse side effects that appeared within 12 months."	( Safety and Tolerability of Alveolar Type II Cell Transplantation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Arguis, P; Bayas, JM; Burgos, F; Closa, D; de la Bellacasa, JP; Fiblà, JJ; Gay-Jordi, G; Guillamat-Prats, R; Hernandez-Gonzalez, F; Marin, P; Martorell, J; Molins, L; Ramirez, J; Rodríguez-Villar, C; Rovira, I; Sánchez, M; Serrano-Mollar, A; Soy, D; Tetley, TD; Xaubet, A, 2016)
"No significant adverse events were associated with the ATII-cell intratracheal transplantation."	( Safety and Tolerability of Alveolar Type II Cell Transplantation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Arguis, P; Bayas, JM; Burgos, F; Closa, D; de la Bellacasa, JP; Fiblà, JJ; Gay-Jordi, G; Guillamat-Prats, R; Hernandez-Gonzalez, F; Marin, P; Martorell, J; Molins, L; Ramirez, J; Rodríguez-Villar, C; Rovira, I; Sánchez, M; Serrano-Mollar, A; Soy, D; Tetley, TD; Xaubet, A, 2016)
"Our results support the hypothesis that ATII-cell intratracheal transplantation is safe and well tolerated in patients with IPF."	( Safety and Tolerability of Alveolar Type II Cell Transplantation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Arguis, P; Bayas, JM; Burgos, F; Closa, D; de la Bellacasa, JP; Fiblà, JJ; Gay-Jordi, G; Guillamat-Prats, R; Hernandez-Gonzalez, F; Marin, P; Martorell, J; Molins, L; Ramirez, J; Rodríguez-Villar, C; Rovira, I; Sánchez, M; Serrano-Mollar, A; Soy, D; Tetley, TD; Xaubet, A, 2016)

Excerpt	Reference
" Preliminary pharmacokinetic studies in non-infected animals established linear drug disposition of liposomal nystatin in plasma over the investigated dosage range and peak plasma levels above the MIC for the test strain after multiple daily dosing for 7 days."	( Liposomal nystatin against experimental pulmonary aspergillosis in persistently neutropenic rabbits: efficacy, safety and non-compartmental pharmacokinetics. Bacher, J; Feuerstein, E; Giri, N; Gonzalez, CE; Groll, AH; Kligys, K; Love, W; Peter, J; Piscitelli, SC; Walsh, TJ, 1999)

Excerpt	Reference
"Pilot in vitro studies demonstrated that nystatin combined with Silvadene (silver sulfadiazine 1% [Marion Laboratories, Inc."	( The efficacy of nystatin combined with topical microbial agents in the treatment of burn wound sepsis. Desai, MH; Heggers, JP; Herndon, DN; Robson, MC, )
"Two recent antifungal agents, miconazole and ketoconazole, were combined with three tissue conditioners and tested in vitro for their effects on the growth of Candida albicans."	( The effectiveness, in vitro, of miconazole and ketoconazole combined with tissue conditioners in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans. Quinn, DM, 1985)
" cerevisiae cells when combined with a nonpolyene antibiotic, fusidic acid or bleomycin A2."	( Classification of polyene antibiotics according to their synergistic effect in combination with bleomycin A2 or fusidic acid. Akiyama, S; Kaneko, M; Komiyama, S; Kuwano, M; Tabuki, T, 1980)
"We compared the in vitro antifungal action of amphotericin B (AmB) used alone or in combination with a second polyene antibiotic or with miconazole or ketoconazole."	( Antifungal action of amphotericin B in combination with other polyene or imidazole antibiotics. Brajtburg, J; Kobayashi, D; Kobayashi, GS; Medoff, G, 1982)
" Patients receiving other agents known to interact with cytochrome P450 were excluded from the study."	( Clotrimazole increases tacrolimus blood levels: a drug interaction in kidney transplant patients. Benedetti, E; Pollak, R; Vasquez, E, 2001)
"The hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) influence the pharmacokinetics of several drug classes and are involved in many clinical drug-drug interactions."	( Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions. Artursson, P; Haglund, U; Karlgren, M; Kimoto, E; Lai, Y; Norinder, U; Vildhede, A; Wisniewski, JR, 2012)
"To determine and compare antifungal activity of two tissue conditioners combined with nystatin, miconazole and fluconazole against Candida albicans."	( In vitro antifungal activity of two tissue conditioners combined with nystatin, miconazole and fluconazole against Candida albicans. Apratim, A; Chopde, N; Khade, MN; Khadtare, YR; Pharande, A; Shah, SS, 2012)
"Two tissue conditioners Viscogel and GC Soft combined with nystatin, miconazole and fluconazole were tested against Candida albicans using agar core inhibition diameter assay."	( In vitro antifungal activity of two tissue conditioners combined with nystatin, miconazole and fluconazole against Candida albicans. Apratim, A; Chopde, N; Khade, MN; Khadtare, YR; Pharande, A; Shah, SS, 2012)
"The results of this study showed that alkaloid compounds in combination with antifungal references (Nystatin and Clotrimazole) exhibited antimicrobial effects against candida strains tested."	( Free radical scavenging capacity, anticandicidal effect of bioactive compounds from Sida cordifolia L., in combination with nystatin and clotrimazole and their effect on specific immune response in rats. Konaté, K; Lepengué, AN; M'Batchi, B; Ouédraogo, M; Sawadogo, LL; Souza, A, 2012)
"Although silver nanoparticles (SN) have been investigated as an alternative to conventional antifungal drugs in the control of Candida-associated denture stomatitis, the antifungal activity of SN in combination with antifungal drugs against Candida biofilms remains unknown."	( Antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles in combination with nystatin and chlorhexidine digluconate against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata biofilms. Barbosa, DB; de Camargo, ER; Gorup, LF; Henriques, M; Monteiro, DR; Negri, M; Oliveira, R; Silva, S, 2013)
" Menthol in combination with itraconazole or nystatin exhibited the synergistic effects against all species of Candida tested."	( Synergistic anticandidal activity of menthol in combination with itraconazole and nystatin against clinical Candida glabrata and Candida krusei isolates. Khosravi, AR; Sharifzadeh, A; Shokri, H; Tari, PS, 2017)
"We present a case of increased cyclosporine concentration and liver function right after the combinational use of cyclosporine and nystatin, which indicated a drug-drug interaction between them."	( A Drug-drug Interaction Between Cyclosporine and Nystatin. Benet, L; Chen, K; Guan, X; Liu, W; Yu, Z; Zhai, S, 2018)
" albicans isolates and to evaluate the inhibitory activity of eucalyptol on Candida biofilm, alone and in combination with antifungal agents."	( Anti-biofilm properties of eucalyptol in combination with antifungals against Candida albicans isolates in patients with hematological malignancy. Abolghasemi, S; Falahati, M; Farahyar, S; Ghasemi, R; Keymaram, M; Khalandi, H; Lotfali, E; Mahmoudi, S; Raiesi, O; Sadeghi, F; Shamsaei, S, 2022)

Excerpt	Reference
" In vivo drug delivery by liposome encapsulation to overcome problems of bioavailability is currently under study."	( Inhibition of HIV-1 replication in H9 cells by nystatin-A compared with other antiviral agents. Blay, RA; Buck, SM; Epstein, JS; Geyer, S; Mayner, RE; Pollock, L; Selvam, MP, 1993)
" Furthermore, 79% of the patients were randomized to receive oral amphotericin B, which is poorly absorbed and not an established treatment, in contrast to intravenous amphotericin B, which was administered in 4 of 5 placebo-controlled trials, or 86% of patients."	( Problems in the design and reporting of trials of antifungal agents encountered during meta-analysis. Gotzsche, PC; Johansen, HK, 1999)
" Furthermore, most patients were randomised to oral amphotericin B, which is poorly absorbed and poorly documented."	( Amphotericin B versus fluconazole for controlling fungal infections in neutropenic cancer patients. Gøtzsche, PC; Johansen, HK, 2014)
" Resolving this problem will be significant in improving bioavailability and reducing side effects."	( Effect of inhibitors of endocytosis and NF-kB signal pathway on folate-conjugated nanoparticle endocytosis by rat Kupffer cells. Chen, H; Feng, X; Han, Z; Jia, Y; Li, X; Liu, Q; Liu, X; Tang, H; Wang, A, 2017)
" The enhanced bioavailability of curcumin at the nanoscale qualifies this nano-herb as a promising alternative therapy for oral candidiasis, evading nystatin-associated morbidity."	( Curcumin nanoparticles: the topical antimycotic suspension treating oral candidiasis. Aboulela, AG; Anwar, SK; Elmonaem, SNA; Essawy, MM; Moussa, E, 2023)
" However, Nys is a class IV drug, according to the Biopharmaceutical Classification System, that possesses limited bioavailability and is used for local activity."	( Characterization, Antifungal Evaluation against Cachoeira, VS; Farago, PV; Ferrari, PC; Matioli, G; Moraes, GS; Morikava, FS; Neppelenbroek, KH; Novatski, A; Sanches Ito, CA; Schoeffel, AC; Urban, AM; Urban, VM, 2023)

Excerpt	Reference
" The frequency of infection was significantly lower among the patients on the PEPA program, and dosage escalation of the chemotherapeutic agents was accomplished more often among these patients."	( Protected environment-prophylactic antibiotic program for malignant lymphoma. Randomized trial during chemotherapy to induce remission. Bodey, GP; Cabanillas, F; Freireich, EJ; Rodriguez, V, 1979)
" A new antimycotic dosage form, the nystatin-gelatin foil, for local application in denture wearers in presented."	( [Treatment of prosthesis stomatitis with antimycotic foils]. Breustedt, A; Schubert, R; Werchan, D, 1978)
"The authors describe the formula and the manufacture of nystatin-gelatin foils that are a new dosage form for local application in case of denture sore mouth induced by Candida albicans."	( [The manufacture of nystatin-gelatin foils for the treatment of denture stomatitis]. Schubert, R; Werchan, D, 1978)
" Data on biotransformation, kinetics and dosage are reported."	( [Pulmonary mycoses; laboratory diagnosis, antimycotic therapy]. Bartmann, K, 1977)
" The rubidium leakage is measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and a straight-line, dose-response correlation has been obtained for both antibiotics."	( Bioassay method for polyene antibiotics based on the measurement of rubidium efflux from rubidium-loaded yeast cells. Cosgrove, RF; Fairbrother, JE, 1977)
" Using new born lambs, oral dosing with the antifungal antibiotics Nystatin and Amphotericin "B" was shown in samples of stomach contents, to control the ethanol production entirely, and to suppress the yeast numbers partially but not permanently."	( Control of the yeast Torulopsis glabrata in the stomachs of glucose fed lambs by oral dosing with nystatin and amphotericin "B". White, RW, 1977)
" The dose-response relation was very steep, with little or no effect below 15 mg/liter and an effect too large to measure at concentrations greater than 30 mg/liter."	( Effects of nystatin on membrane conductance and internal ion activities in Aplysia neurons. Brodwick, MS; Eaton, DC; Russell, JM, 1977)
" The physicochemical and pharmacotoxicological properties, antifungal range, mechanisms of action, dosage and preparations of griseofulvin, amphotericin-B, natamycin, nystatin and pecilocin are discussed."	( [Antimycotic antibiotics (author's transl)]. Hagens, FM; van Miert, AS; van Soeren, JH, 1976)
" Regimen B was the best treatment since the low dosage of vancomycin proved effective."	( [Prevention of septicemia caused by gastrointestinal tract organisms in patients with granulopenia. Comparison of three gastrointestinal tract decontamination treatments]. Boyer, G; Darbas, H; Donadio, D; Monnet, P; Ramounau-Pigot, A, 1991)
" Dose-response curves have been obtained with cholesterol- and ergosterol-containing egg yolk phosphatidylcholine large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs), human erythrocytes, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells."	( One-sided action of amphotericin B on cholesterol-containing membranes is determined by its self-association in the medium. Bolard, J; Cybulska, B; Heitz, F; Legrand, P, 1991)
" The conductance of the amiloride-sensitive pathway (Gamil) was assessed before and after replacement of Na+ in the mucosal bath by K+, using two independent measurements: (1) the slope conductance (GT), determined from current-voltage (I-V) relationships for control and amiloride-treated tissues and (2) the maximum amiloride-sensitive conductance (Gmax) calculated from the amiloride dose-response relationship."	( Amiloride-sensitive Na+ transport across cultured renal (A6) epithelium: evidence for large currents and high Na:K selectivity. Millinoff, LP; Wills, NK, 1990)
" Studies in rats with adjuvant arthritis showed that a long dosing regimen inhibited primary and secondary lesions."	( Profile of activity of a new anti-inflammatory agent, ST 679 (MED 15). Arrigoni-Martelli, E, 1990)
" In the absence of wash-out, we were able to obtain dose-response curves for the effect of ACh on Ca-activated K currents."	( Muscarinic activation of ionic currents measured by a new whole-cell recording method. Horn, R; Marty, A, 1988)
" The alpha-1 agonists, cirazoline and phenylephrine, had similar dose-response curves and stimulated proximal tubules more than distal tubules."	( Alpha adrenoceptor agonist stimulation of oxygen consumption in rat proximal and distal nephrons. Gesek, FA; Strandhoy, JW, 1989)
" The topical agents are available in assorted dosage forms with varying degrees of efficacy and patient acceptability."	( Treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-positive patients. Greenspan, D, 1994)
" The study demonstrates that MOTS maintains high salivary nystatin concentrations throughout a 2 h dosing interval."	( Salivary nystatin concentrations after administration of an osmotic controlled release tablet and a pastille. Chin, I; Encarnacion, M, 1994)
" The patient's vaginitis was treated with gentian violet and she was discharged on a tapering dosage of prednisone."	( Metronidazole hypersensitivity. Choudhury, T; Knowles, S; Shear, NH, 1994)
" The level of daily dosing is dependent on age, physiological status of the gastrointestinal tract, and underlying disease of the patient."	( [Effect of orally administered polyene antimycotics on the intestinal colonization with yeasts: possibilities and limitations]. Blaschke-Hellmessen, R; Buchmann, H; Schwarze, R, 1996)
" Further, these results may have an important bearing on dosage regimens currently employed in treating oral candidosis."	( Adhesion of oral Candida albicans isolates to denture acrylic following limited exposure to antifungal agents. Ellepola, AN; Samaranayake, LP, 1998)
" Preliminary pharmacokinetic studies in non-infected animals established linear drug disposition of liposomal nystatin in plasma over the investigated dosage range and peak plasma levels above the MIC for the test strain after multiple daily dosing for 7 days."	( Liposomal nystatin against experimental pulmonary aspergillosis in persistently neutropenic rabbits: efficacy, safety and non-compartmental pharmacokinetics. Bacher, J; Feuerstein, E; Giri, N; Gonzalez, CE; Groll, AH; Kligys, K; Love, W; Peter, J; Piscitelli, SC; Walsh, TJ, 1999)
" The optimal dosage of L-nystatin was 5 mg/kg daily on days 1, 2, 4, and 7 (90% survival)."	( Dose range evaluation of liposomal nystatin and comparisons with amphotericin B and amphotericin B lipid complex in temporarily neutropenic mice infected with an isolate of Aspergillus fumigatus with reduced susceptibility to amphotericin B. Denning, DW; Warn, P, 1999)
" There was no effect on pre-wean developmental landmarks, but post-wean development was affected by Nyotran administration at all dosage levels."	( The reproductive and developmental toxicity of the antifungal drug Nyotran (liposomal nystatin) in rats and rabbits. Cossum, PA; Larson, JL; Marr, MC; Myers, CB; Tyl, RW; Wallace, TL, 2000)
" Across the investigated dosage range, liposomal nystatin demonstrated nonlinear kinetics with more than proportional increases in the AUC(0-24) and decreasing clearance, consistent with dose-dependent tissue distribution and/or a dose-dependent elimination process."	( Compartmental pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of multilamellar liposomal nystatin in rabbits. Calendario, M; Crisp, J; Field-Ridley, A; Groll, AH; Mickiene, D; Petraitiene, R; Petraitis, V; Piscitelli, SC; Walsh, TJ; Werner, K, 2000)
" These findings imply that sub-therapeutic levels of nystatin, which are likely to persist in the oral cavity during dosing intervals, may also be beneficial, as they inhibit candidal colonization."	( Adhesion of oral Candida species to human buccal epithelial cells following brief exposure to nystatin. Ellepola, AN; Panagoda, GJ; Samaranayake, LP, 1999)
" A newly recognized phenomenon known as the post-antifungal effect implies that antifungals, even at sub-therapeutic concentrations, may suppress the virulent attributes of yeasts, especially intra-orally where topical drug levels fluctuate dramatically during dosing intervals."	( Antimycotic agents in oral candidosis: an overview: 2. Treatment of oral candidosis. Ellepola, AN; Samaranayake, LP, 2000)
"A rapid, reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method was developed for the assay of nystatin in the bulk drug and a variety of dosage forms."	( Liquid chromatographic determination of nystatin in pharmaceutical preparations. Flournoy, V; Stewart, A; Vancura, A; Wilson, P; Zito, SW, )
" We introduced here the development-process of liposomal formulations of polyene macrolide antibiotics, amphotericin B (AmB) and nystatin as injectable dosage forms."	( Pharmaceutical design of the liposomal antimicrobial agents for infectious disease. Maruyama, K; Moribe, K, 2002)
" We found no studies which compared the efficacy of the two dosage forms."	( Comparative efficacy of two anti-bacterial/anti-inflammatory formulations (Auricularum otic powder and Dex-Otic drops) in the medical treatment of otitis externa. Cahani, B; Hadar, T; Lapidot, M; Nageris, B; Shevro, J; Yaniv, E; Zegerman, C, 2002)
" Except for the kidneys, the mean concentrations of LNYS in liver, spleen, and lung 24 h after dosing were severalfold lower than those after administration of DAMB (P, <0."	( Comparative drug disposition, urinary pharmacokinetics, and renal effects of multilamellar liposomal nystatin and amphotericin B deoxycholate in rabbits. Alfaro, RM; Groll, AH; King, C; Mickiene, D; Petraitiene, R; Petraitis, V; Piscitelli, SC; Walsh, TJ, 2003)
" Information was requested on the prophylactic agents used, dosing schedules and duration of therapy."	( Antifungal prophylaxis for the prevention of neonatal candidiasis? Dempsey, EM; O'Grady, MJ, 2008)
" Recent experience indicates that the most effective dosage of nystatin for dogs and cats is 50."	( [A cat with diarrhoea associated with the massive presence of Cyniclomyces guttulatus in the faeces]. Houwers, DJ; Peters, S, 2009)
" The ultraviolet-visible nystatin methodology was also developed and validated in parallel as an alternative to the pharmacopoeial microbiological dosage method."	( Oral sustained release nystatin tablets for the treatment of oral candidiasis: formulation development and validation of UV spectrophotometric analytical methodology for content determination. Alviano, CS; Alviano, DS; Braga, BR; Cabral, LM; de Aguiar, MM; de Albuquerque, RP; de Sousa, VP; Dornelas, CB; Holandino, C; Marinho, DS; Oliveira, A; Torres, SR, 2010)
" The dose-response curve was shifted to the left in both cases, suggesting increased MK reactivity."	( Acetylsalicylic acid enhances purinergic receptor-mediated outward currents in rat megakaryocytes. Beckerman, J; Myers, A; Vicini, S; Young, JP, 2010)
"In general, the accuracy of medication dosage devices seems to be most affected by viscosity of the liquid being measured."	( Accuracy and precision of manufacturer-supplied liquid medication administration devices before and after patient education. Parnapy, S; Peacock, G; Raynor, S; Wetmore, S, )
" We proposed a systematic classification scheme using FDA-approved drug labeling to assess the DILI potential of drugs, which yielded a benchmark dataset with 287 drugs representing a wide range of therapeutic categories and daily dosage amounts."	( FDA-approved drug labeling for the study of drug-induced liver injury. Chen, M; Fang, H; Liu, Z; Shi, Q; Tong, W; Vijay, V, 2011)
" We demonstrate that IZH2 and IZH3 gene dosage affects resistance to polyene antifungal drugs."	( Phylogenetic and preliminary phenotypic analysis of yeast PAQR receptors: potential antifungal targets. Chamberlin, SG; Kumar, A; Lyons, TJ; Moussatche, P; Villa, NY, 2011)
"Formulation considerations of a new drug delivery system include controlling the site of release of the active ingredient, maintaining drug level for a suitable time and decreasing dosage frequency."	( Technological and biopharmaceutical optimization of nystatin release from a multiparticulate based bioadhesive drug delivery system. Bozó, T; Dévay, A; Kocsis, B; Nagy, S; Pál, S, 2013)
" The dosing of the activity of gluthamin-synthetase, MDH and catalase in tumours of 8, 23, and 38 days showed that Nystatin MC disturbed the activity of the enzymes from mythocondries and cytoplasm especially in the 8 and 23 days tumours, influencing the glycolitic process."	( [Sensivity of some enzymes in Guérin tumours after the administration of Nystatin MC]. Bazgan, L; Enescu, L; Gheorghiţă, N; Iacobovici, A; Jerca, L; Pavel, M, )
" Solid dosage forms that act by slow dissolution, such as pastilles, are an effective alternative to mouthwashes, for their versatility, ease of administration and extended residence time in the oral cavity."	( Nystatin and lidocaine pastilles for the local treatment of oral mucositis. Almeida, AJ; Machado, P; Marto, JM; Salgado, A; Silva, AN; Silva, FC, 2017)
" Topical (oral) nystatin was the most frequently prescribed in 233/247 prescriptions (94%), followed by fluconazole 11/227 (4%), with substantial variation in dosing for both."	( Antifungal prescribing in neonates: Using national point prevalence survey data from Australia. Blyth, CC; Cooper, C; James, R; Jones, CA; Konecny, P; McMullan, BJ; Spotswood, N; Thursky, KA, 2021)
" There is substantial unexplained variation in dosing of antifungal drugs nationally."	( Antifungal prescribing in neonates: Using national point prevalence survey data from Australia. Blyth, CC; Cooper, C; James, R; Jones, CA; Konecny, P; McMullan, BJ; Spotswood, N; Thursky, KA, 2021)

Class	Description
nystatins	A class of polyene antifungal antibiotics produced by Streptomyces noursei, and other Streptomyces species.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Bioassays (1000)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID447222	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 at 100 ug after 72 hrs by agar disk diffusion assay	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and DNA binding of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID260699	Antifungal activity against Fusarium moniliforme by disk diffusion method at 10 ug/disk	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 16, Issue:4	Microwave-assisted synthesis of N-alkylated benzotriazole derivatives: antimicrobial studies.
AID376876	Antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum ITEM 2 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID269642	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 16, Issue:16	Lactones from a brown alga endophytic fungus (No. ZZF36) from the South China Sea and their antimicrobial activities.
AID622564	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 for 48 hrs by microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 21, Issue:20	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of new fused pyran derivatives bearing 2-morpholinoquinoline nucleus.
AID1497870	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus brasiliensis PTCC 5011 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone at 200 ug per disc after 72 hrs by agar disc diffusion method	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzofuran appended benzothiazepine derivatives as inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase and antimicrobial agents.
AID1313277	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger after 72 hrs by broth dilution method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15	Synthesis of lignan conjugates via cyclopropanation: Antimicrobial and antioxidant studies.
AID588214	FDA HLAED, liver enzyme composite activity	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1729774	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 9 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID648151	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus after 5 days by agar diffusion method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50	Design, synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activity of novel methylenebis-isoxazolo[4,5-b]azepines derivatives.
AID1055471	Antifungal activity against Mucor hiemalis DSM 2656 assessed as growth inhibition	2013	Journal of natural products, Nov-22, Volume: 76, Issue:11	Gymnopalynes A and B, chloropropynyl-isocoumarin antibiotics from cultures of the basidiomycete Gymnopus sp.
AID1504831	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 28185 after 72 hrs by agar dilution method	2017	Journal of natural products, 12-22, Volume: 80, Issue:12	Sulfur-Containing Aristoloxazines and Other Constituents of the Roots of Aristolochia orbicularis.
AID1061185	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 873 at 100 ug/ml after 48 hrs by disc diffusion method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID625288	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for jaundice	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID311170	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus NRRL 6541	2007	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 70, Issue:8	Solanapyrone analogues from a Hawaiian fungicolous fungus.
AID574059	Antifungal activity against 10'3 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 by NCCLS method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID574610	Antifungal activity against Candida krusei E28 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID383156	Antifungal activity against Ophiostoma minus YM3429 after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2008	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 71, Issue:4	Ten-membered lactones from Phomopsis sp., an endophytic fungus of Azadirachta indica.
AID758273	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli MTCC 443 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 65	Design and synthesis of biquinolone-isoniazid hybrids as a new class of antitubercular and antimicrobial agents.
AID574607	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes 445 after 120 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID376885	Antifungal activity against Candida guilliermondii ITEM 1638 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID603663	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 18 hrs by microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 46, Issue:7	Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of hexahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridinium bromides with varying benzyl substituents.
AID377912	Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 30 ug by agar diffusion method	2000	Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10	CR377, a new pentaketide antifungal agent isolated from an endophytic fungus.
AID1079942	Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID416041	Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-adapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as inhibition of radial growth rate at 23 degC in darkness	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID1433836	Antibacterial activity against Clostridium tetani MTCC 449 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	Synthesis and biological screening of novel 2-morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with 1,2,4-oxadiazole motifs.
AID977599	Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM	2013	Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6	Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1729792	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of ergosterol by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID214823	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Pyrido[3,4-e]-1,2,4-triazines and related heterocycles as potential antifungal agents.
AID454472	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 1789 at 30 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 17, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of pyrazole chalcones as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
AID750278	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 441 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 64	Synthetic tactics of new class of 4-aminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile derivatives acting as antimicrobial agents.
AID402561	Antimycotic activity against Aspergillus niger ATCC 10335 after 24 hrs	2004	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6	Antimycotic spirostanol saponins from Solanum hispidum leaves and their structure-activity relationships.
AID476290	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 281 after 24 to 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 45, Issue:1	Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-400) as an alternative reaction solvent for the synthesis of some new 1-(4-(4'-chlorophenyl)-2-thiazolyl)-3-aryl-5-(2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazol-5yl)-2-pyrazolines and their in vitro antimicrobial evaluation.
AID400292	Antimicrobial activity against Candida lipolytica after 48 hrs by twofold serial microbroth dilution assay	1996	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 59, Issue:1	Chlorochimaphilin: a new antibiotic from Moneses uniflora.
AID377911	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 109 at 30 ug by agar diffusion method	2000	Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10	CR377, a new pentaketide antifungal agent isolated from an endophytic fungus.
AID204340	Antifungal activity against Sporothrix schenck ii was determined by twofold Micro-broth dilution assay	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-09, Volume: 14, Issue:3	Bile acid amides derived from chiral amino alcohols: novel antimicrobials and antifungals.
AID335133	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes 10100 by tube assay method	1993	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 56, Issue:9	An antifungal bibenzyl from the New Zealand liverwort, Plagiochila stephensoniana. Bioactivity-directed isolation, synthesis, and analysis.
AID376889	Antifungal activity against Pichia anomala ITEM 1625 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID374555	Antifungal activity against Helminthosporium oryzae 2537 ICAR at 30 ug/disk at 28 degC after 72 hrs	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Convenient one-pot synthesis of novel 2-substituted benzimidazoles, tetrahydrobenzimidazoles and imidazoles and evaluation of their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.
AID465519	Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase positive Shigella dysenteriae LMP 606 after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method	2010	Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 73, Issue:2	Pycnanthulignenes A-D, antimicrobial cyclolignene derivatives from the roots of Pycnanthus angolensis.
AID1729765	Fungicidal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 28707 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID395409	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger at 20 ug after 48 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis of new series of 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,2-oxazines via hetero Diels-Alder reaction and evaluation of antimicrobial activity.
AID587196	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Journal of natural products, Feb-25, Volume: 74, Issue:2	Comazaphilones A-F, azaphilone derivatives from the marine sediment-derived fungus Penicillium commune QSD-17.
AID511864	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger UFPEDA 2003 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9	Synthesis and evaluation of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and antimicrobial activities of thiosemicarbazides, 4-thiazolidinones and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles.
AID1061183	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 281 at 100 ug/ml after 48 hrs by disc diffusion method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID447224	Antifungal activity against Debaryomyces hansenii DSM 70238 at 100 ug after 72 hrs by agar disk diffusion assay	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and DNA binding of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID1772159	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 assessed as inhibition of bacterial growth incubated for 16 hrs by microdilution method
AID592501	Antifungal activity against Microbotryum violaceum assessed as zone of inhibition measured as radius at 50 ug by agar diffusion assay	2011	Journal of natural products, Mar-25, Volume: 74, Issue:3	Diversonol and blennolide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Microdiplodia sp.: absolute configuration of diversonol.
AID625796	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger F-1119 at 0.1% after 48 to 72 hrs by diffusion technique	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12	Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel nitrogen- and sulfur-containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID1126590	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans at 100 U/disc at 25 degC after 48 hrs by agar well diffusion assay	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 78	Synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity evaluations of novel pyrazole carboxylic and dicarboxylic acid derivatives.
AID1729768	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 3 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID333794	Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae	2004	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 67, Issue:12	Thiobutacin, a novel antifungal and antioomycete antibiotic from Lechevalieria aerocolonigenes.
AID574252	Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 biofilms by XTT reduction assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1055473	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans DSM 1665 assessed as growth inhibition	2013	Journal of natural products, Nov-22, Volume: 76, Issue:11	Gymnopalynes A and B, chloropropynyl-isocoumarin antibiotics from cultures of the basidiomycete Gymnopus sp.
AID1729793	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of sorbitol by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID460628	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 2501 at 100 ug/ml after 48 hrs agar diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 18, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological screening of a combinatorial library of beta-chlorovinyl chalcones as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
AID383152	Antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea YM3061 after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2008	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 71, Issue:4	Ten-membered lactones from Phomopsis sp., an endophytic fungus of Azadirachta indica.
AID1729751	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 4 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID623610	Antifungal activity against 10'8 CFU/mL Candida albicans MTCC 227 by broth microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 46, Issue:11	1,3-Dihydro-2H-indol-2-ones derivatives: design, synthesis, in vitro antibacterial, antifungal and antitubercular study.
AID588217	FDA HLAED, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID335132	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 10261 by tube assay method	1993	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 56, Issue:9	An antifungal bibenzyl from the New Zealand liverwort, Plagiochila stephensoniana. Bioactivity-directed isolation, synthesis, and analysis.
AID1055474	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus clavatus DSM 816 assessed as growth inhibition	2013	Journal of natural products, Nov-22, Volume: 76, Issue:11	Gymnopalynes A and B, chloropropynyl-isocoumarin antibiotics from cultures of the basidiomycete Gymnopus sp.
AID389005	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 assessed as diameter of the inhibition zone at 1 uM/disk after 4 hrs by disk diffusion method	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 16, Issue:23	Hetero-Diels-Alder reaction of 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with arylsulfonylcyanides. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 4-hydroxy-2-(arylsulfonyl)pyridines.
AID670554	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 7315 after 24 hrs by well diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 22, Issue:14	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of (2S,3R)-2-aminododecan-3-ol.
AID1675240	Antimicrobial activity against Pichia anomala DSM6766 by serial dilution method	2020	Journal of natural products, 08-28, Volume: 83, Issue:8	Heimiomycins A-C and Calamenens from the African Basidiomycete
AID345808	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 16, Issue:24	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-alkenylchroman-4-ones, 2-alkenylthiochroman-4-ones and 2-alkenylquinol-4-ones.
AID1497871	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzofuran appended benzothiazepine derivatives as inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase and antimicrobial agents.
AID1729748	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 1 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID463960	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger at 30 ug after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antifungal activities of 6,5 fused steroidal oxazoles in cholestane series.
AID574259	Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1159118	Antimicrobial activity against Candida utilis ATCC 9950 assessed as zone of inhibition at 100 mg for 24 hrs at 30 degC by disk diffusion test	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 82	Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, and structure-activity relationships of gypsogenin derivatives against human cancer cells.
AID402560	Antimycotic activity against Trichophyton rubrum ATCC 28188 after 72 hrs	2004	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6	Antimycotic spirostanol saponins from Solanum hispidum leaves and their structure-activity relationships.
AID460630	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 at 100 ug/ml after 48 hrs agar diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 18, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological screening of a combinatorial library of beta-chlorovinyl chalcones as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
AID536633	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10145 at 5 mg/ml after 48 hrs by agar well diffusion assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Synthesis of new pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as antibacterial and antifungal agents.
AID476945	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 90028 after 48 hrs by browth microdilution assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of some thiourea derivatives bearing benzothiazole moiety as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID666965	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 by broth microdilution method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	New N-arylamino biquinoline derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial, antituberculosis, and antimalarial evaluation.
AID574260	Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID460631	Antifungal activity against Penicillium chrysogenum MTCC 1996 at 100 ug/ml after 48 hrs agar diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 18, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological screening of a combinatorial library of beta-chlorovinyl chalcones as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
AID403578	Antifungal activity against Penicillium expansum IMI 960902 on TLC plate by bioautographic method	1997	Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 60, Issue:7	New anti-HIV-1, antimalarial, and antifungal compounds from Terminalia bellerica.
AID1690368	Antifungal activity against Ustilago maydis AB33 assessed as diameter of zone inhibition at 100 ug by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 191	Cladosins L-O, new hybrid polyketides from the endophytic fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum WBS017.
AID202549	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae determined as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration of 10 ug/disk (expt 1)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-22, Volume: 11, Issue:20	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of 9-methoxystrobilurin L as the originally proposed 1,4-benzodioxan structure.
AID666964	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MTCC 3008 by broth microdilution method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	New N-arylamino biquinoline derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial, antituberculosis, and antimalarial evaluation.
AID322958	Inhibition of synthetic amyloid beta-42 fibrillation by light scattering analysis relative to control	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 282, Issue:14	Small molecule inhibitors of aggregation indicate that amyloid beta oligomerization and fibrillization pathways are independent and distinct.
AID283197	Susceptibility of Candida glabrata 21231 isolate at 50 ug by disk diffusion method	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3	Reduced susceptibility to polyenes associated with a missense mutation in the ERG6 gene in a clinical isolate of Candida glabrata with pseudohyphal growth.
AID613609	Antibacterial activity against 10'8 CFU/mL Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 by NCCLS M100-S12(M7) broth microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinolines and their pyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial and antituberculosis agents.
AID1729771	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 6 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID465521	Antibacterial activity against beta carbenicillin resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa LMP 804 after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method	2010	Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 73, Issue:2	Pycnanthulignenes A-D, antimicrobial cyclolignene derivatives from the roots of Pycnanthus angolensis.
AID156098	Antifungal activity against Penicillium citrium determined as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration of 10 ug/disk (expt 2); Not effective	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-22, Volume: 11, Issue:20	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of 9-methoxystrobilurin L as the originally proposed 1,4-benzodioxan structure.
AID1729777	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 12 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID72114	Antifungal activity against Fusarium solani determined as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration of 10 ug/disk (expt 1)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-22, Volume: 11, Issue:20	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of 9-methoxystrobilurin L as the originally proposed 1,4-benzodioxan structure.
AID469846	Antifungal activity against Fusarium verticillioides NRRL 25457 at 25 ug/disk by disk diffusion method	2010	Journal of natural products, Mar-26, Volume: 73, Issue:3	Hymenopsins A and B and a macrophorin analogue from a fungicolous Hymenopsis sp.
AID1783241	Antifungal activity against Pichia anomala DSM6766 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth by broth microdilution method
AID355710	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MSU-SM 543 after 2 to 4 days
AID1310596	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9763 by broth microdilution method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-08, Volume: 118	Simple avarone mimetics as selective agents against multidrug resistant cancer cells.
AID667683	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution technique	2012	Journal of natural products, Apr-27, Volume: 75, Issue:4	Hyaladione, an S-methyl cyclohexadiene-dione from Hyalangium minutum.
AID47081	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans determined as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration of 10 ug/disk (expt 2)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-22, Volume: 11, Issue:20	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of 9-methoxystrobilurin L as the originally proposed 1,4-benzodioxan structure.
AID1079934	Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID406147	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus megaterium by agar diffusion method	2008	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 71, Issue:6	Bioactive isocoumarins isolated from the endophytic fungus Microdochium bolleyi.
AID603664	Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 after 18 hrs by microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 46, Issue:7	Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of hexahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridinium bromides with varying benzyl substituents.
AID587197	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Journal of natural products, Feb-25, Volume: 74, Issue:2	Comazaphilones A-F, azaphilone derivatives from the marine sediment-derived fungus Penicillium commune QSD-17.
AID574265	Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 biofilms by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID622563	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MTCC 3008 for 48 hrs by microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 21, Issue:20	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of new fused pyran derivatives bearing 2-morpholinoquinoline nucleus.
AID519053	Antifungal activity against Paecilomyces variotii after 48 hrs by broth microdilution	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3	Antimicrobial activity of omiganan pentahydrochloride against contemporary fungal pathogens responsible for catheter-associated infections.
AID1551785	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 173	Antibacterial activity study of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives.
AID1079948	Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID1730949	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 assessed as fungal growth inhibition	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 36	Structure based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of imidazole derivatives targeting dihydropteroate synthase enzyme.
AID1349914	Antimicrobial activity against Mucor hiemalis DSM 2656 after 16 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2018	Journal of natural products, 02-23, Volume: 81, Issue:2	Cysteine-Derived Pleurotin Congeners from the Nematode-Trapping Basidiomycete Hohenbuehelia grisea.
AID1349913	Antimicrobial activity against Rhodotorula glutinis DSM 10134 after 16 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2018	Journal of natural products, 02-23, Volume: 81, Issue:2	Cysteine-Derived Pleurotin Congeners from the Nematode-Trapping Basidiomycete Hohenbuehelia grisea.
AID404304	Effect on human MRP2-mediated estradiol-17-beta-glucuronide transport in Sf9 cells inverted membrane vesicles relative to control	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Prediction and identification of drug interactions with the human ATP-binding cassette transporter multidrug-resistance associated protein 2 (MRP2; ABCC2).
AID338387	Antimicrobial activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes at 100 units
AID469844	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 14053 at 25 ug/disk by disk diffusion method	2010	Journal of natural products, Mar-26, Volume: 73, Issue:3	Hymenopsins A and B and a macrophorin analogue from a fungicolous Hymenopsis sp.
AID156097	Antifungal activity against Penicillium citrium determined as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration of 10 ug/disk (expt 1)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-22, Volume: 11, Issue:20	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of 9-methoxystrobilurin L as the originally proposed 1,4-benzodioxan structure.
AID501849	Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID758268	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum MTCC 296 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 65	Design and synthesis of biquinolone-isoniazid hybrids as a new class of antitubercular and antimicrobial agents.
AID1729745	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1139649	Antimicrobial activity against Penicillium capsulatum DSM 2210 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID338058	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 9533 after 3 days by microdilution assay
AID379653	Antimicrobial activity against Cladosporium cucumerinum after 24 hrs by agar dilution method	2000	Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 63, Issue:3	Antifungal and larvicidal compounds from the root bark of Cordia alliodora.
AID554730	Inhibition of Candida krusei ABC1 expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolate ADdelta at 22 nM	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2	Abc1p is a multidrug efflux transporter that tips the balance in favor of innate azole resistance in Candida krusei.
AID1138644	Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum at 50 ug/disc after 2 days by disk diffusion method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Biologically active dichapetalins from Dichapetalum gelonioides.
AID574249	Antifungal activity against 10'7 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells by XTT reduction assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1228189	Antimicrobial activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe DSM70572 assessed as inhibition of microbial growth incubated for 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution assay	2015	Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4	Deconins A-E: Cuparenic and Mevalonic or Propionic Acid Conjugates from the Basidiomycete Deconica sp. 471.
AID1126593	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata at 100 U/disc at 25 degC after 48 hrs by agar well diffusion assay	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 78	Synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity evaluations of novel pyrazole carboxylic and dicarboxylic acid derivatives.
AID1191417	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 16 to 20 hrs by broth micro-dilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3	In vitro studies of antimicrobial activity of Gly-His-Lys conjugates as potential and promising candidates for therapeutics in skin and tissue infections.
AID699539	Inhibition of human liver OATP1B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID1193573	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 at 100 ug after 48 hrs	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 25, Issue:7	Synthesis of 3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanes and their antiprotozoal activities.
AID1171204	Antimicrobial activity against Mucor hiemalis 2656 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Nov-26, Volume: 77, Issue:11	Nannozinones and sorazinones, unprecedented pyrazinones from myxobacteria.
AID574268	Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml biofilm-derived Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells hrs by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID373684	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10259 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes with N-benzyloxycarbonyl-S-phenylalanine.
AID1055467	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula glutinis DSM 10134 assessed as growth inhibition	2013	Journal of natural products, Nov-22, Volume: 76, Issue:11	Gymnopalynes A and B, chloropropynyl-isocoumarin antibiotics from cultures of the basidiomycete Gymnopus sp.
AID295092	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula rubra DSM 70403 after 48 hrs by dilution method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 42, Issue:8	Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of bis[micro2-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-ethanethiolato-N,S,S-chloro-palladium(II)] dimer, [(micro2-CH2CH2NHNCC6H4)PdCl]2.C2H5OH complex.
AID667681	Antimicrobial activity against Rhodotorula glutinis after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution technique	2012	Journal of natural products, Apr-27, Volume: 75, Issue:4	Hyaladione, an S-methyl cyclohexadiene-dione from Hyalangium minutum.
AID519055	Antifungal activity against Penicillium sp. after 48 hrs by broth microdilution	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3	Antimicrobial activity of omiganan pentahydrochloride against contemporary fungal pathogens responsible for catheter-associated infections.
AID469845	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus NRRL 6541 at 25 ug/disk by disk diffusion method	2010	Journal of natural products, Mar-26, Volume: 73, Issue:3	Hymenopsins A and B and a macrophorin analogue from a fungicolous Hymenopsis sp.
AID574062	Antifungal activity against 10'5 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 by EUCAST method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID730807	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6	An efficient domino reaction in ionic liquid: synthesis and biological evaluation of some pyrano- and thiopyrano-fused heterocycles.
AID588219	FDA HLAED, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1456561	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas sp. NCIM 2872 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone measured after 20 hrs by agar well diffusion method
AID1486828	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 incubated for overnight by broth micro dilution method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-01, Volume: 25, Issue:15	1,2,4-Triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole analogues: Synthesis, MO studies, in silico molecular docking studies, antimalarial as DHFR inhibitor and antimicrobial activities.
AID501866	Antifungal activity against Penicillium chrysogenum isolates after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID269641	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 27154	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 16, Issue:16	Lactones from a brown alga endophytic fungus (No. ZZF36) from the South China Sea and their antimicrobial activities.
AID55014	Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 14, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID55014	Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-07, Volume: 14, Issue:11	Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID357301	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis at 30 ug after overnight incubation by agar diffusion method	2001	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 64, Issue:8	Dicerandrols, new antibiotic and cytotoxic dimers produced by the fungus Phomopsis longicolla isolated from an endangered mint.
AID592574	Antifungal activity against Gibberella moniliformis NRRL 25457 by agar disk diffusion assay	2011	Journal of natural products, Mar-25, Volume: 74, Issue:3	Phomalevones A-C: dimeric and pseudodimeric polyketides from a fungicolous Hawaiian isolate of Phoma sp. (Cucurbitariaceae).
AID574613	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus 231 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID1729755	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 8 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID383155	Antifungal activity against Penicillium islandicum YM3104 after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2008	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 71, Issue:4	Ten-membered lactones from Phomopsis sp., an endophytic fungus of Azadirachta indica.
AID519051	Antifungal activity against Curvularia species after 48 hrs by broth microdilution	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3	Antimicrobial activity of omiganan pentahydrochloride against contemporary fungal pathogens responsible for catheter-associated infections.
AID750277	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 64	Synthetic tactics of new class of 4-aminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile derivatives acting as antimicrobial agents.
AID1055469	Antifungal activity against Penicillium capsulatum DSM 2210 assessed as growth inhibition	2013	Journal of natural products, Nov-22, Volume: 76, Issue:11	Gymnopalynes A and B, chloropropynyl-isocoumarin antibiotics from cultures of the basidiomycete Gymnopus sp.
AID1456558	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus flexus MTCC 2909 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone measured after 20 hrs by agar well diffusion method
AID1294625	Antifungal activity against Pyricularia oryzae after 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Efficient synthesis of new 2,3-dihydrooxazole-spirooxindoles hybrids as antimicrobial agents.
AID289244	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 15, Issue:18	Utility of 6-amino-2-thiouracil as a precursor for the synthesis of bioactive pyrimidine derivatives.
AID287394	Antifungal activity against Kluyveromyces fragilis after 24 hrs by dilution method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Fe(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine ligand.
AID1139691	Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BTc-3A by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID454474	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 1781 at 30 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 17, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of pyrazole chalcones as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
AID406148	Antimicrobial activity against Microbotryum violaceum by agar diffusion method	2008	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 71, Issue:6	Bioactive isocoumarins isolated from the endophytic fungus Microdochium bolleyi.
AID654571	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2012	Journal of natural products, Feb-24, Volume: 75, Issue:2	Asperolides A-C, tetranorlabdane diterpenoids from the marine alga-derived endophytic fungus Aspergillus wentii EN-48.
AID588216	FDA HLAED, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1183261	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 assessed as absence of visible growth after 24 to 48 hrs by broth micro dilution method	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-12, Volume: 84	Design, synthesis and characterization of fluoro substituted novel pyrazolylpyrazolines scaffold and their pharmacological screening.
AID355615	Antifungal activity against Paecilomyces after 7 days at 27 degC by liquid dilution method
AID515278	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus sp. at 20 ug/ml after 48 hrs by cup plate method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 45, Issue:10	Anti-tubercular agents. Part 5: synthesis and biological evaluation of benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide based congeners.
AID587195	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas fluorescens after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Journal of natural products, Feb-25, Volume: 74, Issue:2	Comazaphilones A-F, azaphilone derivatives from the marine sediment-derived fungus Penicillium commune QSD-17.
AID463959	Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium oxysporum at 30 ug after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antifungal activities of 6,5 fused steroidal oxazoles in cholestane series.
AID1729757	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 10 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID39674	Antifungal activity against A. fumigatus; no data	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 14, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID39674	Antifungal activity against A. fumigatus; no data	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-07, Volume: 14, Issue:11	Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID574267	Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml biofilm-derived Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells hrs by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID313239	Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 100 ug/disc	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 16, Issue:1	Synthesis, anti-Toxoplasma gondii and antimicrobial activities of benzaldehyde 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazones and 2-[(phenylmethylene)hydrazono]-4-oxo-3-phenyl-5-thiazolidineacetic acids.
AID532571	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 21230 with silent mutations in ERG4, ERG5 genes and nonsense mutation in ERG6 gene by disk diffusion method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10	A nonsense mutation in the ERG6 gene leads to reduced susceptibility to polyenes in a clinical isolate of Candida glabrata.
AID1240021	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 873 at 50 ug/ml after 24 hrs by disc diffusion method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	Novel 5-functionalized-pyrazoles: Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological screening.
AID448786	Antimicrobial activity against Trichoderma viride at 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Anti-oxidant, anti-fungal and anti-leishmanial activities of novel 3-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) phenyl]prop-2-en-1-ones.
AID402562	Antimycotic activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 48 hrs	2004	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6	Antimycotic spirostanol saponins from Solanum hispidum leaves and their structure-activity relationships.
AID1079935	Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID313241	Antimicrobial activity against Candida sp. IMUR1224 at 100 ug/disc	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 16, Issue:1	Synthesis, anti-Toxoplasma gondii and antimicrobial activities of benzaldehyde 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazones and 2-[(phenylmethylene)hydrazono]-4-oxo-3-phenyl-5-thiazolidineacetic acids.
AID1783240	Antifungal activity against Mucor hiemalis DSM2656 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth by broth microdilution method
AID374353	Cytotoxicity against human WI38 cells assessed as reduction in cellular DNA level preincubated for 2 hrs before viral infection measured after 7 days by real time PCR assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12	BK Virus replication in vitro: limited effect of drugs interfering with viral uptake and intracellular transport.
AID625278	FDA Liver Toxicity Knowledge Base Benchmark Dataset (LTKB-BD) drugs of no concern for DILI	2011	Drug discovery today, Aug, Volume: 16, Issue:15-16	FDA-approved drug labeling for the study of drug-induced liver injury.
AID356947	Antimicrobial activity against Trichophyton rubrum ATCC 28188 after 72 hrs by agar dilution method	2002	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 65, Issue:12	Five new steroidal saponins from Solanum chrysotrichum leaves and their antimycotic activity.
AID1193575	Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 90018 at 100 ug after 48 hrs	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 25, Issue:7	Synthesis of 3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanes and their antiprotozoal activities.
AID1194189	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa after 24 hrs by two fold serial microdilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 25, Issue:8	Studies on antimicrobial effects of four ligands and their transition metal complexes with 8-mercaptoquinoline and pyridine terminal groups.
AID436781	Antifungal activity against Penicillium chrysogenum Thom AUCC 530 at 30 ug/mL after 48 hrs by agar diffusion assay	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10	Synthesis, characterization and in vitro antimicrobial activity of novel 2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinones and 4,4'-bis(2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone-3-yl)diphenylsulfones.
AID1295310	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 at 1 mg/ml incubated for 24 hrs by cup diffusion assay	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID379655	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 24 hrs by agar dilution method	2000	Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 63, Issue:3	Antifungal and larvicidal compounds from the root bark of Cordia alliodora.
AID379654	Antimicrobial activity against sCandida albicans assessed as drug level causing growth inhibition on silica gel TLC plate after 24 hrs	2000	Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 63, Issue:3	Antifungal and larvicidal compounds from the root bark of Cordia alliodora.
AID37575	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger was determined by twofold Micro-broth dilution assay	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-09, Volume: 14, Issue:3	Bile acid amides derived from chiral amino alcohols: novel antimicrobials and antifungals.
AID490037	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at 100 ug/ml after 24 to 48 hrs by disk diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 20, Issue:14	One-pot multicomponent synthesis and anti-microbial evaluation of 2'-(indol-3-yl)-2-oxospiro(indoline-3,4'-pyran) derivatives.
AID125950	Minimum inhibitory concentration towards M. canis; NR denotes not reported	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 14, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID125950	Minimum inhibitory concentration towards M. canis; NR denotes not reported	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-07, Volume: 14, Issue:11	Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID376886	Antifungal activity against Candida maltosa ITEM 1639 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID659360	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 3471 at 35 degC after 48 hrs by CLSI method based antimicrobial assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel thiazole substituted benzotriazole derivatives.
AID673189	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 1781 after 2 to 3 days by agar well diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 22, Issue:15	Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2,4,6-triazine derivatives as antimicrobial agents.
AID456352	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus stearothermophilus NCIB 8222 after 24 hrs by agar well diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 18, Issue:1	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-quinoxalinone-3-hydrazone derivatives.
AID574060	Antifungal activity against 10'3 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 by NCCLS method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID460624	Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae NCIM 2957 at 50 ug/ml after 24 hrs agar diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 18, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological screening of a combinatorial library of beta-chlorovinyl chalcones as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
AID311171	Antifungal activity against Fusarium verticillioides NRRL 25457	2007	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 70, Issue:8	Solanapyrone analogues from a Hawaiian fungicolous fungus.
AID1729778	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 13 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID257547	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (L)-alpha-amino acid methyl ester, heteroalkyl, and aryl substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID574251	Antifungal activity against 10'8 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells by XTT reduction assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID659359	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger 545 at 35 degC after 48 hrs by CLSI method based antimicrobial assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel thiazole substituted benzotriazole derivatives.
AID735361	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans by microdilution method	2013	Journal of natural products, Apr-26, Volume: 76, Issue:4	Nudibaccatumone, a trimer comprising a phenylpropanoid and two sesquiterpene moieties from Piper nudibaccatum.
AID1240034	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 281 after 48 hrs by microdilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	Novel 5-functionalized-pyrazoles: Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological screening.
AID358502	Cytotoxicity against mouse M109 cells	2001	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 64, Issue:1	Isolation, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of bioactive benzoquinones from Miconia lepidota from the Suriname rainforest.
AID395376	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 at 1 ug after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID260697	Antifungal activity against Trichoderma species by disk diffusion method at 10 ug/disk	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 16, Issue:4	Microwave-assisted synthesis of N-alkylated benzotriazole derivatives: antimicrobial studies.
AID456429	Antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae after 24 hrs by agar well diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 18, Issue:1	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-quinoxalinone-3-hydrazone derivatives.
AID1349910	Antimicrobial activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe DSM 70572 after 16 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2018	Journal of natural products, 02-23, Volume: 81, Issue:2	Cysteine-Derived Pleurotin Congeners from the Nematode-Trapping Basidiomycete Hohenbuehelia grisea.
AID1433841	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	Synthesis and biological screening of novel 2-morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with 1,2,4-oxadiazole motifs.
AID526306	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger by agar plate disk diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21	Bernthsen synthesis, antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity of acridine derivatives.
AID313251	Antimicrobial activity against Candida sp. IMUR4249	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 16, Issue:1	Synthesis, anti-Toxoplasma gondii and antimicrobial activities of benzaldehyde 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazones and 2-[(phenylmethylene)hydrazono]-4-oxo-3-phenyl-5-thiazolidineacetic acids.
AID333500	Antimicrobial activity against Cladosporium herbarum DSM 63422 by serial dilution assay	2004	Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11	New luffariellolide derivatives from the Indonesian sponge Acanthodendrilla sp.
AID750275	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 64	Synthetic tactics of new class of 4-aminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile derivatives acting as antimicrobial agents.
AID377191	Antifungal activity against Pichia kluyveri ITEM 1649 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID1079939	Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID674911	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 22, Issue:17	Green synthesis and anti-infective activities of fluorinated pyrazoline derivatives.
AID1112105	Antialgal activity against 'Chlorella' fusca by agar diffusion test	2012	Fitoterapia, Apr, Volume: 83, Issue:3	Pyrenocines J-M: four new pyrenocines from the endophytic fungus, Phomopsis sp.
AID1139650	Antimicrobial activity against Debaryomyces hansenii DSM 3428 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID588215	FDA HLAED, alkaline phosphatase increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1240036	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 281 at 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs by disc diffusion method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	Novel 5-functionalized-pyrazoles: Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological screening.
AID1113103	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 4 days by microdilution method	2013	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 61, Issue:12	Isolation and characterization of new p-Terphenyls with antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities from halophilic actinomycete Nocardiopsis gilva YIM 90087.
AID1772163	Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis 21-07 assessed as inhibition of bacterial growth incubated for 16 hrs by microdilution method
AID758275	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 65	Design and synthesis of biquinolone-isoniazid hybrids as a new class of antitubercular and antimicrobial agents.
AID261014	Inhibitory activity against Candida tropicalis	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 16, Issue:4	Novel endoperoxides: synthesis and activity against Candida species.
AID725076	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 12 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 59	Synthesis and antibacterial and antifungal evaluation of some chalcone based sulfones and bisulfones.
AID750274	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 282 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 64	Synthetic tactics of new class of 4-aminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile derivatives acting as antimicrobial agents.
AID360501	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633	1995	Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 58, Issue:11	Isolation and characterization of cytotoxic and antibacterial tetrasaccharide glycosides from Ipomoea stans.
AID376873	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium cucumerinum ITEM 2095 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID39526	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus determined as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration of 10 ug/disk (expt 1)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-22, Volume: 11, Issue:20	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of 9-methoxystrobilurin L as the originally proposed 1,4-benzodioxan structure.
AID376877	Antifungal activity against Fusarium moniliforme ITEM 1497 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID574264	Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans BF-1 biofilms by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID383151	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger YM3029 after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2008	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 71, Issue:4	Ten-membered lactones from Phomopsis sp., an endophytic fungus of Azadirachta indica.
AID1830089	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring pdr1deltapdr3delta assessed as fungal growth inhibition measured after 16 to 20 hrs by broth dilution method
AID338057	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger ATCC 6275 after 3 days by microdilution assay
AID373673	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 24433 at 100 u/disk after 72 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes with N-benzyloxycarbonyl-S-phenylalanine.
AID1486827	Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes MTCC 442 incubated for overnight by broth micro dilution method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-01, Volume: 25, Issue:15	1,2,4-Triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole analogues: Synthesis, MO studies, in silico molecular docking studies, antimalarial as DHFR inhibitor and antimicrobial activities.
AID501852	Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris ATCC 8427 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID625282	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cirrhosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID434360	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel nitrogen and sulfur containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID47408	Compound was evaluated for antifungal activity against Candida albicans IFO 1594 as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration 10 ug/disk	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-21, Volume: 12, Issue:20	The first synthesis and antifungal activities of 9-methoxystrobilurin-type beta-substituted beta-methoxyacrylate.
AID257546	Antifungal activity against Sporothrix schenckii	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (L)-alpha-amino acid methyl ester, heteroalkyl, and aryl substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID125953	Antifungal activity against Microsporum gypseum was determined by twofold Micro-broth dilution assay	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-09, Volume: 14, Issue:3	Bile acid amides derived from chiral amino alcohols: novel antimicrobials and antifungals.
AID287398	Antifungal activity against Debaryomyces hansenii after 24 hrs by dilution method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Fe(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine ligand.
AID1866152	Antifungal activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe DSM 70572 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth incubated for overnight by serial dilution method
AID337493	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method
AID658678	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger 545 at 128 ug/disc at 37 degC after 24 to 72 hrs by agar-well diffusion assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel thiazole substituted benzotriazole derivatives.
AID376870	Antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea ITEM 966 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID667682	Antimicrobial activity against Pichia anamola after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution technique	2012	Journal of natural products, Apr-27, Volume: 75, Issue:4	Hyaladione, an S-methyl cyclohexadiene-dione from Hyalangium minutum.
AID1061172	Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium oxysporum MTCC 284 after 48 hrs by microdilution method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID745301	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 assessed as growth inhibition after overnight incubation by NCCLS broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinoline based diversely fluorine substituted N-aryl quinolone derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial, antituberculosis and antioxidant agents.
AID568831	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9080 at 25 ug/ml by agar diffusion method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis of 4H-chromene, coumarin, 12H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives and some of their antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activities.
AID1139693	Antimicrobial activity against Mucor hiemalis DSM 2656 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID1061179	Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium moniliforme MTCC 156 at 100 ug/ml after 48 hrs by disc diffusion method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID460626	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 1789 at 50 ug/ml after 24 hrs agar diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 18, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological screening of a combinatorial library of beta-chlorovinyl chalcones as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
AID1329756	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides ATCC 16022 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID758272	Antibacterial activity against Clostridium tetani MTCC 449 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 65	Design and synthesis of biquinolone-isoniazid hybrids as a new class of antitubercular and antimicrobial agents.
AID454469	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 at 30 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 17, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of pyrazole chalcones as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
AID519052	Antifungal activity against Fusarium sp. after 48 hrs by broth microdilution	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3	Antimicrobial activity of omiganan pentahydrochloride against contemporary fungal pathogens responsible for catheter-associated infections.
AID1729795	Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 34135 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of sorbitol by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID477105	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 1781 at 30 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID574608	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 44859 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID519050	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus sp. after 48 hrs by broth microdilution	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3	Antimicrobial activity of omiganan pentahydrochloride against contemporary fungal pathogens responsible for catheter-associated infections.
AID1595117	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 885653 assessed as inhibition zone at 100 ug/ml incubated for 48 to 72 hrs by agar-diffusion method	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 170	Tetrazole hybrids and their antifungal activities.
AID666963	Antibacterial activity against Vibrio cholerae MTCC 3906 by broth microdilution method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	New N-arylamino biquinoline derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial, antituberculosis, and antimalarial evaluation.
AID476946	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 20336 after 48 hrs by browth microdilution assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of some thiourea derivatives bearing benzothiazole moiety as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID202854	Compound was evaluated for antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae IAM 4861 as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration 10 ug/disk	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-21, Volume: 12, Issue:20	The first synthesis and antifungal activities of 9-methoxystrobilurin-type beta-substituted beta-methoxyacrylate.
AID613612	Antibacterial activity against 10'8 CFU/mL Escherichia coli MTCC 443 by NCCLS M100-S12(M7) broth microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinolines and their pyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial and antituberculosis agents.
AID666951	Antifungal activity Candida albicans NCIM 3471 at 100 ug/disc by agar-well diffusion assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	Hybrids of ravuconazole: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID1474167	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring verified drug-induced liver injury concern status	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID501198	Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium 379 at 100 units after 18 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 72, Issue:10	Norselic acids A-E, highly oxidized anti-infective steroids that deter mesograzer predation, from the Antarctic sponge Crella sp.
AID352609	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by micro broth dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 44, Issue:3	2,3-Disubstituted-1,4-naphthoquinones, 12H-benzo[b]phenothiazine-6,11-diones and related compounds: synthesis and biological evaluation as potential antiproliferative and antifungal agents.
AID460625	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 at 50 ug/ml after 24 hrs agar diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 18, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological screening of a combinatorial library of beta-chlorovinyl chalcones as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
AID1295313	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 14154 at 1 mg/ml incubated for 24 hrs by cup diffusion assay	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID287383	Antifungal activity against Hanseniaspora guilliermondii after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Fe(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine ligand.
AID574611	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 20/I after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID355611	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus after 7 days at 27 degC by liquid dilution method
AID379696	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 5 ug after 24 hrs by agar diffusion assay	2006	Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 69, Issue:2	Cytotoxic isomalabaricane triterpenes from the marine sponge Rhabdastrella globostellata.
AID374550	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans IOA-109 at 30 ug/disk at 37 degC after 18 to 48 hrs	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Convenient one-pot synthesis of novel 2-substituted benzimidazoles, tetrahydrobenzimidazoles and imidazoles and evaluation of their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.
AID758270	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 1688 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 65	Design and synthesis of biquinolone-isoniazid hybrids as a new class of antitubercular and antimicrobial agents.
AID1112106	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli by agar diffusion test	2012	Fitoterapia, Apr, Volume: 83, Issue:3	Pyrenocines J-M: four new pyrenocines from the endophytic fungus, Phomopsis sp.
AID1228191	Antimicrobial activity against Pichia anomala DSM6766 assessed as inhibition of microbial growth incubated for 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution assay	2015	Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4	Deconins A-E: Cuparenic and Mevalonic or Propionic Acid Conjugates from the Basidiomycete Deconica sp. 471.
AID758274	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 65	Design and synthesis of biquinolone-isoniazid hybrids as a new class of antitubercular and antimicrobial agents.
AID1113101	Antifungal activity against Magnaporthe oryzae after 4 days by microdilution method	2013	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 61, Issue:12	Isolation and characterization of new p-Terphenyls with antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities from halophilic actinomycete Nocardiopsis gilva YIM 90087.
AID257549	Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (L)-alpha-amino acid methyl ester, heteroalkyl, and aryl substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID1159119	Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis assessed as zone of inhibition at 100 mg for 24 hrs at 30 degC by disk diffusion test	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 82	Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, and structure-activity relationships of gypsogenin derivatives against human cancer cells.
AID592576	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus NRRL 6541 by agar disk diffusion assay	2011	Journal of natural products, Mar-25, Volume: 74, Issue:3	Phomalevones A-C: dimeric and pseudodimeric polyketides from a fungicolous Hawaiian isolate of Phoma sp. (Cucurbitariaceae).
AID1079932	Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID389006	Antifungal activity against Candida maltosa SBUG 700 assessed as diameter of the inhibition zone at 1 uM/disk by disk diffusion method	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 16, Issue:23	Hetero-Diels-Alder reaction of 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with arylsulfonylcyanides. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 4-hydroxy-2-(arylsulfonyl)pyridines.
AID321988	Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata at 50 ug/disk after 5 days	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 16, Issue:6	Synthesis, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity of some novel pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolin-4-ones.
AID376890	Antifungal activity against Pichia anomala ITEM 1661 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID501853	Antibacterial activity against Salmonella enterica ATCC 13076 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID313245	Antimicrobial activity against Candida sp. IMUR4249 at 100 ug/disc	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 16, Issue:1	Synthesis, anti-Toxoplasma gondii and antimicrobial activities of benzaldehyde 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazones and 2-[(phenylmethylene)hydrazono]-4-oxo-3-phenyl-5-thiazolidineacetic acids.
AID214296	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum was determined by twofold Micro-broth dilution assay	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-09, Volume: 14, Issue:3	Bile acid amides derived from chiral amino alcohols: novel antimicrobials and antifungals.
AID574614	Antifungal activity against Absidia corymbifera 272 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID1729753	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 6 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1113107	Antifungal activity against Fusarium avenaceum after 4 days by microdilution method	2013	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 61, Issue:12	Isolation and characterization of new p-Terphenyls with antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities from halophilic actinomycete Nocardiopsis gilva YIM 90087.
AID1433222	Antifungal activity against Mucor plumbeus MUCL 49355 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2016	Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 79, Issue:6	Pyristriatins A and B: Pyridino-Cyathane Antibiotics from the Basidiomycete Cyathus cf. striatus.
AID666958	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 by broth microdilution method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	New N-arylamino biquinoline derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial, antituberculosis, and antimalarial evaluation.
AID1729776	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 11 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1113102	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger after 4 days by microdilution method	2013	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 61, Issue:12	Isolation and characterization of new p-Terphenyls with antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities from halophilic actinomycete Nocardiopsis gilva YIM 90087.
AID1349911	Antimicrobial activity against Pichia anomala DSM 6766 after 16 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2018	Journal of natural products, 02-23, Volume: 81, Issue:2	Cysteine-Derived Pleurotin Congeners from the Nematode-Trapping Basidiomycete Hohenbuehelia grisea.
AID336893	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum after 2 to 4 days
AID387671	Antifungal activity against Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid after 48 hrs by poisoned-food technique	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 18, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of 3-pyrazolyl-thiophene, thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as new bioactive and pharmacological activities.
AID574609	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis 156 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID1061184	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 281 at 50 ug/ml after 48 hrs by disc diffusion method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID1729747	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 28707 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID352610	Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans after 72 hrs by micro broth dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 44, Issue:3	2,3-Disubstituted-1,4-naphthoquinones, 12H-benzo[b]phenothiazine-6,11-diones and related compounds: synthesis and biological evaluation as potential antiproliferative and antifungal agents.
AID519049	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis after 48 hrs by broth microdilution	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3	Antimicrobial activity of omiganan pentahydrochloride against contemporary fungal pathogens responsible for catheter-associated infections.
AID1146951	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans infected in mouse assessed as noninfected animals at 100000 U/g administered vaginally bid for 4 days measured on day 7 relative to placebo	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 21, Issue:8	1-[4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-(2,6-dichlorophenylthio)-n-butyl]-1H-imidazole nitrate, a new potent antifungal agent.
AID244886	In-vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against the growth of Sporothrix schenckii	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 15, Issue:13	Synthesis of (1,4)-naphthoquinono-[3,2-c]-1H-pyrazoles and their (1,4)-naphthohydroquinone derivatives as antifungal, antibacterial, and anticancer agents.
AID447221	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula rubra DSM 70403 at 100 ug after 72 hrs by agar disk diffusion assay	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and DNA binding of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID465520	Antibacterial activity against beta ampicillin resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae LMP 803 after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method	2010	Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 73, Issue:2	Pycnanthulignenes A-D, antimicrobial cyclolignene derivatives from the roots of Pycnanthus angolensis.
AID515272	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger at 20 ug/ml after 48 hrs by cup plate method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 45, Issue:10	Anti-tubercular agents. Part 5: synthesis and biological evaluation of benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide based congeners.
AID460629	Antifungal activity against Trichoderma viride MTCC 167 at 100 ug/ml after 48 hrs agar diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 18, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological screening of a combinatorial library of beta-chlorovinyl chalcones as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
AID501859	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus food isolate after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID311360	Antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea IMI160282 by microdilution method	2007	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 70, Issue:9	Benzaldehyde derivatives from Sarcodontia crocea.
AID1079940	Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID295094	Antifungal activity against Debaryomyces hansenii DSM 70238 after 48 hrs by dilution method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 42, Issue:8	Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of bis[micro2-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-ethanethiolato-N,S,S-chloro-palladium(II)] dimer, [(micro2-CH2CH2NHNCC6H4)PdCl]2.C2H5OH complex.
AID1729800	Antibiofilm activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as reduction in mature biofilm at 125 ug/ml incubated for 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based spectrophotometric analysis relative to control	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID400296	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus after 48 hrs by twofold serial microbroth dilution assay	1996	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 59, Issue:1	Chlorochimaphilin: a new antibiotic from Moneses uniflora.
AID1456562	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli NCIM 2931 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone measured after 20 hrs by agar well diffusion method
AID574270	Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml biofilm-derived Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells hrs by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID574254	Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 biofilms by XTT reduction assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID352611	Antifungal activity against Sporothrix schenckii after 72 hrs by micro broth dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 44, Issue:3	2,3-Disubstituted-1,4-naphthoquinones, 12H-benzo[b]phenothiazine-6,11-diones and related compounds: synthesis and biological evaluation as potential antiproliferative and antifungal agents.
AID1310597	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404 by broth microdilution method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-08, Volume: 118	Simple avarone mimetics as selective agents against multidrug resistant cancer cells.
AID360867	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium cucumerinum after 24 hrs by agar-dilution assay	2001	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 64, Issue:6	Five new prenylated stilbenes from the root bark of Lonchocarpus chiricanus.
AID456355	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus NCIB 8588 after 24 hrs by agar well diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 18, Issue:1	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-quinoxalinone-3-hydrazone derivatives.
AID625289	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver disease	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID261013	Inhibitory activity against Candida albicans	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 16, Issue:4	Novel endoperoxides: synthesis and activity against Candida species.
AID1866811	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans assessed as reduction in microbial growth after 3 days by two-fold dilution method	2022	Journal of natural products, 04-22, Volume: 85, Issue:4	Secondary Metabolites from
AID448787	Antimicrobial activity against Candida lipolytica at 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Anti-oxidant, anti-fungal and anti-leishmanial activities of novel 3-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) phenyl]prop-2-en-1-ones.
AID374355	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human WI38 cells preincubated for 2 hrs before viral infection measured after 7 days by real time PCR assay to EC50 for BKV Gardner ATCC VR837	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12	BK Virus replication in vitro: limited effect of drugs interfering with viral uptake and intracellular transport.
AID1551786	Antibacterial activity against Clostridium tetani	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 173	Antibacterial activity study of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives.
AID376878	Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum ITEM 149 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID337754	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 12301 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method
AID376892	Antifungal activity against Pichia guilliermondii ITEM 1644 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID1139689	Antimicrobial activity against Nematospora coryli DSM 6981 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID501846	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli clinical isolate after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID1295309	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 at 1 mg/ml incubated for 24 hrs by cup diffusion assay	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID333564	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231	2004	Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11	(2S,3R)-2-aminododecan-3-ol, a new antifungal agent from the ascidian Clavelina oblonga.
AID1497869	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone at 200 ug per disc after 72 hrs by agar disc diffusion method	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzofuran appended benzothiazepine derivatives as inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase and antimicrobial agents.
AID476293	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 183 after 24 to 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 45, Issue:1	Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-400) as an alternative reaction solvent for the synthesis of some new 1-(4-(4'-chlorophenyl)-2-thiazolyl)-3-aryl-5-(2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazol-5yl)-2-pyrazolines and their in vitro antimicrobial evaluation.
AID592502	Antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila Corby by microtiter plate assay	2011	Journal of natural products, Mar-25, Volume: 74, Issue:3	Diversonol and blennolide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Microdiplodia sp.: absolute configuration of diversonol.
AID1110802	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans at 20 ug after 24 hr by disk diffusion method	2005	Phytochemistry, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:2	Bioactive ellagitannins from Cunonia macrophylla, an endemic Cunoniaceae from New Caledonia.
AID204480	Antifungal activity against Sporotrichum schenckii	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 14, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID204480	Antifungal activity against Sporotrichum schenckii	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-07, Volume: 14, Issue:11	Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID383153	Antifungal activity against Fusarium avenaceum YM3065 after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2008	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 71, Issue:4	Ten-membered lactones from Phomopsis sp., an endophytic fungus of Azadirachta indica.
AID588218	FDA HLAED, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1171200	Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae 70449 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Nov-26, Volume: 77, Issue:11	Nannozinones and sorazinones, unprecedented pyrazinones from myxobacteria.
AID358500	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1140 assessed as concentration required to generate kill-zone of 12 mm in diameter after 48 hrs	2001	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 64, Issue:1	Isolation, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of bioactive benzoquinones from Miconia lepidota from the Suriname rainforest.
AID311988	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium sphaerospermum after 72 hrs	2007	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 70, Issue:12	Antifungal amides from Piper scutifolium and Piper hoffmanseggianum.
AID1491053	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen) Vries SPC 140 assessed as detection limit for activity by bioautographic method	2017	Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5	Lactone Derivatives Produced by a Phaeoacremonium sp., an Endophytic Fungus from Senna spectabilis.
AID333793	Antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea	2004	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 67, Issue:12	Thiobutacin, a novel antifungal and antioomycete antibiotic from Lechevalieria aerocolonigenes.
AID1486831	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 incubated for overnight by broth micro dilution method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-01, Volume: 25, Issue:15	1,2,4-Triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole analogues: Synthesis, MO studies, in silico molecular docking studies, antimalarial as DHFR inhibitor and antimicrobial activities.
AID1730948	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 282 assessed as fungal growth inhibition	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 36	Structure based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of imidazole derivatives targeting dihydropteroate synthase enzyme.
AID1079931	Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID465608	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans LMP 709U after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method	2010	Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 73, Issue:2	Pycnanthulignenes A-D, antimicrobial cyclolignene derivatives from the roots of Pycnanthus angolensis.
AID519047	Antifungal activity against Candida krusei after 48 hrs by broth microdilution	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3	Antimicrobial activity of omiganan pentahydrochloride against contemporary fungal pathogens responsible for catheter-associated infections.
AID406149	Antimicrobial activity against Chlorella fusca by agar diffusion method	2008	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 71, Issue:6	Bioactive isocoumarins isolated from the endophytic fungus Microdochium bolleyi.
AID287382	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula rubra after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Fe(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine ligand.
AID1061181	Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium oxysporum MTCC 284 at 100 ug/ml after 48 hrs by disc diffusion method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID1295314	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus ATCC 23554 at 1 mg/ml incubated for 24 hrs by cup diffusion assay	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID521787	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by broth microdilution	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3	Antimicrobial activity of omiganan pentahydrochloride against contemporary fungal pathogens responsible for catheter-associated infections.
AID477109	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 at 30 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID490040	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger at 100 ug/ml after 24 to 48 hrs by disk diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 20, Issue:14	One-pot multicomponent synthesis and anti-microbial evaluation of 2'-(indol-3-yl)-2-oxospiro(indoline-3,4'-pyran) derivatives.
AID1194191	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 27154 after 24 hrs by two fold serial microdilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 25, Issue:8	Studies on antimicrobial effects of four ligands and their transition metal complexes with 8-mercaptoquinoline and pyridine terminal groups.
AID275135	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans IAM1099	2007	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 70, Issue:1	Antimicrobial arylcoumarins from Asphodelus microcarpus.
AID48462	Antifungal activity against Candida stellatoidea	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Pyrido[3,4-e]-1,2,4-triazines and related heterocycles as potential antifungal agents.
AID360500	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538	1995	Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 58, Issue:11	Isolation and characterization of cytotoxic and antibacterial tetrasaccharide glycosides from Ipomoea stans.
AID1729750	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 3 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID519054	Antifungal activity against Penicillium marneffei after 48 hrs by broth microdilution	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3	Antimicrobial activity of omiganan pentahydrochloride against contemporary fungal pathogens responsible for catheter-associated infections.
AID519046	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata after 48 hrs by broth microdilution	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3	Antimicrobial activity of omiganan pentahydrochloride against contemporary fungal pathogens responsible for catheter-associated infections.
AID447248	Antifungal activity against Debaryomyces hansenii DSM 70238 after 24 hrs by broth micro dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and DNA binding of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID1497868	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone at 200 ug per disc after 48 hrs by agar disc diffusion method	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzofuran appended benzothiazepine derivatives as inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase and antimicrobial agents.
AID750273	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus clavatus MTCC 1323 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 64	Synthetic tactics of new class of 4-aminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile derivatives acting as antimicrobial agents.
AID666957	Antifungal activity Candida albicans NCIM 3471 after 24 to 72 hrs by NCCLS method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	Hybrids of ravuconazole: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID463957	Antimicrobial activity against Penicillium at 30 ug after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antifungal activities of 6,5 fused steroidal oxazoles in cholestane series.
AID44959	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 14, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID44959	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-07, Volume: 14, Issue:11	Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID72119	Compound was tested for the antifungal activity against Fusarium solani (R-2800) at a concentration of 10 ug/disk; zone of inhibition was measured after 48 hr incubation; NE denotes not effective	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Remarkable influence of the aromatic substructure in 9-methoxystrobilurin derivatives on their antifungal activity.
AID1290444	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli MTCC 443 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 112	Novel morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with pyrazoline scaffolds: Synthesis, antibacterial, antitubercular and antimalarial activities.
AID1254016	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9763 after 24 hrs by microbroth double dilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 23, Issue:21	Synthesis and biological activity of amino acid derivatives of avarone and its model compound.
AID395590	Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum after 48 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis of new series of 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,2-oxazines via hetero Diels-Alder reaction and evaluation of antimicrobial activity.
AID1147021	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans infected in mouse assessed as noninfected animals at 100000 U/g administered vaginally bid for 4 days measured 6 hrs post last dose relative to placebo	1978	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 21, Issue:8	1-[4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-(2,6-dichlorophenylthio)-n-butyl]-1H-imidazole nitrate, a new potent antifungal agent.
AID44962	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Pyrido[3,4-e]-1,2,4-triazines and related heterocycles as potential antifungal agents.
AID1729749	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 2 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID337495	Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus durans NCTC 8307 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method
AID39384	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus was determined by twofold Micro-broth dilution assay	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-09, Volume: 14, Issue:3	Bile acid amides derived from chiral amino alcohols: novel antimicrobials and antifungals.
AID1404408	Antimicrobial activity against Candida tenuis MUCL 29982 by serial dilution method	2018	Journal of natural products, 04-27, Volume: 81, Issue:4	Microporenic Acids A-G, Biofilm Inhibitors, and Antimicrobial Agents from the Basidiomycete Microporus Species.
AID376883	Antifungal activity against Phoma tracheiphilla ITEM 1605 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID376872	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides ITEM 2079 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID587193	Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Journal of natural products, Feb-25, Volume: 74, Issue:2	Comazaphilones A-F, azaphilone derivatives from the marine sediment-derived fungus Penicillium commune QSD-17.
AID745303	Antibacterial activity against Vibrio cholerae MTCC 3906 assessed as growth inhibition after overnight incubation by NCCLS broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinoline based diversely fluorine substituted N-aryl quinolone derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial, antituberculosis and antioxidant agents.
AID376879	Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum ITEM 1462 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID376871	Antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID1295317	Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus lactis ATCC 14591 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI/NCCLS protocol based method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID1055466	Antifungal activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe DSM 70572 assessed as growth inhibition	2013	Journal of natural products, Nov-22, Volume: 76, Issue:11	Gymnopalynes A and B, chloropropynyl-isocoumarin antibiotics from cultures of the basidiomycete Gymnopus sp.
AID456353	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis NCIB 3610 after 24 hrs by agar well diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 18, Issue:1	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-quinoxalinone-3-hydrazone derivatives.
AID1866147	Antifungal activity against Mucor hiemalis DSM 2656 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth incubated for overnight by serial dilution method
AID269643	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 16, Issue:16	Lactones from a brown alga endophytic fungus (No. ZZF36) from the South China Sea and their antimicrobial activities.
AID376867	Antifungal activity against Ascochyta rabiei ITEM 1067 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID476294	Antifungal activity against Fusarium moniliforme MTCC 156 after 24 to 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 45, Issue:1	Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-400) as an alternative reaction solvent for the synthesis of some new 1-(4-(4'-chlorophenyl)-2-thiazolyl)-3-aryl-5-(2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazol-5yl)-2-pyrazolines and their in vitro antimicrobial evaluation.
AID519048	Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis after 48 hrs by broth microdilution	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3	Antimicrobial activity of omiganan pentahydrochloride against contemporary fungal pathogens responsible for catheter-associated infections.
AID647547	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as increase in intracellular potassium release after 30 mins	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 22, Issue:3	Novel dendrimeric lipopeptides with antifungal activity.
AID374549	Antifungal activity against Penicillium sp. at 28 degC after 72 hrs	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Convenient one-pot synthesis of novel 2-substituted benzimidazoles, tetrahydrobenzimidazoles and imidazoles and evaluation of their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.
AID1462720	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20	Benzothiazole analogues: Synthesis, characterization, MO calculations with PM6 and DFT, in silico studies and in vitro antimalarial as DHFR inhibitors and antimicrobial activities.
AID1808216	Cytotoxicity against human HEp-2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 40 to 60 mins by resazurin dye based assay	2022	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-10, Volume: 13, Issue:2	Water-Soluble Nystatin and Derivative.
AID447246	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 24 hrs by broth micro dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and DNA binding of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID1675238	Antimicrobial activity against Mucor hiemalis DSM2656 by serial dilution method	2020	Journal of natural products, 08-28, Volume: 83, Issue:8	Heimiomycins A-C and Calamenens from the African Basidiomycete
AID476944	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 32554 after 48 hrs by browth microdilution assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of some thiourea derivatives bearing benzothiazole moiety as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID476292	Antifungal activity against Penicillium chrysogenum MTCC 160 after 24 to 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 45, Issue:1	Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-400) as an alternative reaction solvent for the synthesis of some new 1-(4-(4'-chlorophenyl)-2-thiazolyl)-3-aryl-5-(2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazol-5yl)-2-pyrazolines and their in vitro antimicrobial evaluation.
AID1139690	Antimicrobial activity against Trichosporon oleaginosus DSM 11815 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID1171203	Antimicrobial activity against Trichosporon oleaginosus 11815 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Nov-26, Volume: 77, Issue:11	Nannozinones and sorazinones, unprecedented pyrazinones from myxobacteria.
AID345807	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 16, Issue:24	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-alkenylchroman-4-ones, 2-alkenylthiochroman-4-ones and 2-alkenylquinol-4-ones.
AID377910	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans wisconsin at 30 ug by agar diffusion method	2000	Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10	CR377, a new pentaketide antifungal agent isolated from an endophytic fungus.
AID1079941	Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID376865	Antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata ITEM 750 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID1228192	Antimicrobial activity against Mucor hiemalis DSM2656 DSM6766 assessed as inhibition of microbial growth incubated for 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution assay	2015	Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4	Deconins A-E: Cuparenic and Mevalonic or Propionic Acid Conjugates from the Basidiomycete Deconica sp. 471.
AID379199	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium herbarum DSM 62121 at 5 ug/disk after 24 hrs by agar diffusion assay	2006	Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 69, Issue:11	Kahalalide derivatives from the Indian sacoglossan mollusk Elysia grandifolia.
AID1061171	Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium moniliforme MTCC 156 after 48 hrs by microdilution method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID670552	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata MTCC 3019 after 24 hrs by well diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 22, Issue:14	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of (2S,3R)-2-aminododecan-3-ol.
AID295130	Antifungal activity against Debaryomyces hansenii DSM 70238 at 100 ug after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 42, Issue:8	Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of bis[micro2-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-ethanethiolato-N,S,S-chloro-palladium(II)] dimer, [(micro2-CH2CH2NHNCC6H4)PdCl]2.C2H5OH complex.
AID376866	Antifungal activity against Alternaria citri ITEM 466 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID1139687	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans DSM 1665 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID1890485	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans assessed as fungal growth inhibition incubated for 5 hrs under shaking condition by resazurin dye based assay	2022	Journal of natural products, 04-22, Volume: 85, Issue:4	Antimicrobial Prenylated Isoflavones from the Leaves of the Amazonian Medicinal Plant
AID1191445	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans by time-kill assay	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3	In vitro studies of antimicrobial activity of Gly-His-Lys conjugates as potential and promising candidates for therapeutics in skin and tissue infections.
AID1194193	Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae after 48 hrs by two fold serial microdilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 25, Issue:8	Studies on antimicrobial effects of four ligands and their transition metal complexes with 8-mercaptoquinoline and pyridine terminal groups.
AID429833	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 14053 at 100 IU	2009	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 72, Issue:6	Phenylphenalenones from the Australian plant Haemodorum simplex.
AID1595113	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger assessed as inhibition zone at 1 ug/ml incubated for 24 to 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 170	Tetrazole hybrids and their antifungal activities.
AID574601	Antifungal activity against Candida krusei E28 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID629345	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus assessed as zone of inhibition at 0.01 mg/mL after 24 hrs by stiff-plate agar-diffusion method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12	Synthesis and biological activity of novel N-cycloalkyl-(cycloalkylaryl)-2-[(3-R-2-oxo-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[2,3-c]quinazoline-6-yl)thio]acetamides.
AID574262	Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1656228	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC-3017 after 48 hrs by broth macro dilution method	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164	Green recipes to quinoline: A review.
AID671329	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 20, Issue:13	Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts: biological activities and potentialities to the discovery of new cheaper drugs.
AID1456564	Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae PTCC 1053 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone measured after 20 hrs by agar well diffusion method
AID355612	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans CBS 562 after 24 to 48 hrs at 37 degC by liquid dilution method
AID356946	Antimicrobial activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 28185 after 72 hrs by agar dilution method	2002	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 65, Issue:12	Five new steroidal saponins from Solanum chrysotrichum leaves and their antimycotic activity.
AID566591	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata at 50 mg/disk after 5 days by agar disk diffusion method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 46, Issue:1	Synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and in vivo antitumor evaluation of novel pyrimidoquinolines and its nucleoside derivatives.
AID629348	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger assessed as zone of inhibition at 0.01 mg/mL after 48 to 72 hrs by stiff-plate agar-diffusion method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12	Synthesis and biological activity of novel N-cycloalkyl-(cycloalkylaryl)-2-[(3-R-2-oxo-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[2,3-c]quinazoline-6-yl)thio]acetamides.
AID625290	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver fatty	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID490038	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis at 100 ug/ml after 24 to 48 hrs by disk diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 20, Issue:14	One-pot multicomponent synthesis and anti-microbial evaluation of 2'-(indol-3-yl)-2-oxospiro(indoline-3,4'-pyran) derivatives.
AID501856	Antibacterial activity against Corynebacterium pyogenes ATCC 19411 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID1433225	Antifungal activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe DSM 70572 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2016	Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 79, Issue:6	Pyristriatins A and B: Pyridino-Cyathane Antibiotics from the Basidiomycete Cyathus cf. striatus.
AID295091	Antifungal activity against Kluyveromyces fragilis NRRL 2415 after 48 hrs by dilution method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 42, Issue:8	Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of bis[micro2-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-ethanethiolato-N,S,S-chloro-palladium(II)] dimer, [(micro2-CH2CH2NHNCC6H4)PdCl]2.C2H5OH complex.
AID1616897	Antifungal activity against Pichia anomala DSM 6766 incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID1486832	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus clavatus MTCC 1323 incubated for overnight by broth micro dilution method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-01, Volume: 25, Issue:15	1,2,4-Triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole analogues: Synthesis, MO studies, in silico molecular docking studies, antimalarial as DHFR inhibitor and antimicrobial activities.
AID477108	Antimicrobial activity against Trichoderma viride MTCC 167 at 30 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID667679	Antimicrobial activity against Mucor hiemalis after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution technique	2012	Journal of natural products, Apr-27, Volume: 75, Issue:4	Hyaladione, an S-methyl cyclohexadiene-dione from Hyalangium minutum.
AID1545447	Antibacterial activity against Candida albicans assessed as zone inhibition at 500 ug/ml by cup plate agar diffusion method	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 27, Issue:7	Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine as a promising scaffold in medicinal chemistry: Recent advances.
AID1313278	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus after 72 hrs by broth dilution method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15	Synthesis of lignan conjugates via cyclopropanation: Antimicrobial and antioxidant studies.
AID714984	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae MYH 500 assessed as growth inhibition in presence of 80 mM sodium fluoride after 9 hrs	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Fluoride enhances the activity of fungicides that destabilize cell membranes.
AID1504834	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method	2017	Journal of natural products, 12-22, Volume: 80, Issue:12	Sulfur-Containing Aristoloxazines and Other Constituents of the Roots of Aristolochia orbicularis.
AID501196	Antimicrobial activity against methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 375 at 100 units after 18 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 72, Issue:10	Norselic acids A-E, highly oxidized anti-infective steroids that deter mesograzer predation, from the Antarctic sponge Crella sp.
AID376862	Antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata ITEM 468 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID1456563	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 4727 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone measured after 20 hrs by agar well diffusion method
AID625283	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for elevated liver function tests	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1433835	Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae MTCC 1936 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	Synthesis and biological screening of novel 2-morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with 1,2,4-oxadiazole motifs.
AID1729764	Fungicidal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 34135 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1616896	Antifungal activity against Mucor hiemalis DSM 2656 incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID345809	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 11229	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 16, Issue:24	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-alkenylchroman-4-ones, 2-alkenylthiochroman-4-ones and 2-alkenylquinol-4-ones.
AID1254017	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404 after 24 hrs by microbroth double dilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 23, Issue:21	Synthesis and biological activity of amino acid derivatives of avarone and its model compound.
AID287397	Antifungal activity against Hanseniaspora guilliermondii after 24 hrs by dilution method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Fe(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine ligand.
AID1433842	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MTCC 3008 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	Synthesis and biological screening of novel 2-morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with 1,2,4-oxadiazole motifs.
AID1194194	Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense after 48 hrs by two fold serial microdilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 25, Issue:8	Studies on antimicrobial effects of four ligands and their transition metal complexes with 8-mercaptoquinoline and pyridine terminal groups.
AID1551784	Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 173	Antibacterial activity study of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives.
AID1675239	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans DSM1665 by serial dilution method	2020	Journal of natural products, 08-28, Volume: 83, Issue:8	Heimiomycins A-C and Calamenens from the African Basidiomycete
AID1729767	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 2 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1808214	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated overnight by broth dilution method	2022	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-10, Volume: 13, Issue:2	Water-Soluble Nystatin and Derivative.
AID48076	Antifungal activity against Candida pseudotropicalis	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Pyrido[3,4-e]-1,2,4-triazines and related heterocycles as potential antifungal agents.
AID501865	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolates after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID587194	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Journal of natural products, Feb-25, Volume: 74, Issue:2	Comazaphilones A-F, azaphilone derivatives from the marine sediment-derived fungus Penicillium commune QSD-17.
AID613613	Antibacterial activity against 10'8 CFU/mL Salmonella typhi MTCC 98 by NCCLS M100-S12(M7) broth microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinolines and their pyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial and antituberculosis agents.
AID1290440	Antibacterial activity against Clostridium tetani MTCC 449 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 112	Novel morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with pyrazoline scaffolds: Synthesis, antibacterial, antitubercular and antimalarial activities.
AID1729761	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 18804 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1295315	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI/NCCLS protocol based method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID1079938	Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID699540	Inhibition of human liver OATP1B3 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID1240022	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 873 at 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs by disc diffusion method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	Novel 5-functionalized-pyrazoles: Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological screening.
AID1887355	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula glutinis DSM10134 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by serial dilution method
AID434362	Antifungal activity against Sporothrix schenckii after 72 hrs by broth microdilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel nitrogen and sulfur containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID337497	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 3110 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method
AID623609	Antifungal activity against 10'8 CFU/mL Aspergillus niger MTCC 282 by broth microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 46, Issue:11	1,3-Dihydro-2H-indol-2-ones derivatives: design, synthesis, in vitro antibacterial, antifungal and antitubercular study.
AID381188	Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans 2 after 24 to 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	1999	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Antimicrobial and antitumor activities of mycosporulone.
AID1595115	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as inhibition zone at 1 ug/ml incubated for 24 to 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 170	Tetrazole hybrids and their antifungal activities.
AID501851	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID1486830	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 1688 incubated for overnight by broth micro dilution method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-01, Volume: 25, Issue:15	1,2,4-Triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole analogues: Synthesis, MO studies, in silico molecular docking studies, antimalarial as DHFR inhibitor and antimicrobial activities.
AID1783243	Antifungal activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe DSM70572 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth by broth microdilution method
AID284340	Growth inhibition of Candida albicans JRW#5	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 15, Issue:1	Design of endoperoxides with anti-Candida activity.
AID376894	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula pilimanae at 15 ug/disk by broth micromethod assay	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID1887356	Antifungal activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe DSM70572 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by serial dilution method
AID1487454	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus after 72 hrs by serial dilution method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 27, Issue:16	Synthesis of novel 2-pyrazoline analogues with potent anti-inflammatory effect mediated by inhibition of phospholipase A2: Crystallographic, in silico docking and QSAR analysis.
AID48624	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Pyrido[3,4-e]-1,2,4-triazines and related heterocycles as potential antifungal agents.
AID257544	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (L)-alpha-amino acid methyl ester, heteroalkyl, and aryl substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID322957	Inhibition of synthetic amyloid beta-42 fibrillation by ThT fluorescence analysis relative to control	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Apr-06, Volume: 282, Issue:14	Small molecule inhibitors of aggregation indicate that amyloid beta oligomerization and fibrillization pathways are independent and distinct.
AID717367	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 8188 at 10 ug per disk after 2 to 3 days by disc diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24	Design, synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of novel 1-benzyl 2-butyl-4-chloroimidazole embodied 4-azafluorenones via molecular hybridization approach.
AID156572	Compound was evaluated for antifungal activity against penicillium ctrinum R-3703 as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration 10 ug/disk	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-21, Volume: 12, Issue:20	The first synthesis and antifungal activities of 9-methoxystrobilurin-type beta-substituted beta-methoxyacrylate.
AID1729758	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 11 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID501197	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 310 at 100 units after 18 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 72, Issue:10	Norselic acids A-E, highly oxidized anti-infective steroids that deter mesograzer predation, from the Antarctic sponge Crella sp.
AID1783239	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans DSM1665 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth by broth microdilution method
AID758271	Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi MTCC 98 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 65	Design and synthesis of biquinolone-isoniazid hybrids as a new class of antitubercular and antimicrobial agents.
AID1349912	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans DSM 1665 after 16 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2018	Journal of natural products, 02-23, Volume: 81, Issue:2	Cysteine-Derived Pleurotin Congeners from the Nematode-Trapping Basidiomycete Hohenbuehelia grisea.
AID1171202	Antimicrobial activity against Wickerhamomyces anomalus 6766 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Nov-26, Volume: 77, Issue:11	Nannozinones and sorazinones, unprecedented pyrazinones from myxobacteria.
AID1595085	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 assessed as reduction in fungal cell growth incubated for 24 and 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 170	Tetrazole hybrids and their antifungal activities.
AID1113105	Antifungal activity against Fusarium culmorum after 4 days by microdilution method	2013	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 61, Issue:12	Isolation and characterization of new p-Terphenyls with antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities from halophilic actinomycete Nocardiopsis gilva YIM 90087.
AID1490894	Antifungal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum DSM 1946 at 20 ug/disk after 5 days by disk diffusion assay	2017	Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5	Preussilides A-F, Bicyclic Polyketides from the Endophytic Fungus Preussia similis with Antiproliferative Activity.
AID214808	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes; Range is 16-32	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Pyrido[3,4-e]-1,2,4-triazines and related heterocycles as potential antifungal agents.
AID376864	Antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata ITEM 526 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID311989	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides after 72 hrs	2007	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 70, Issue:12	Antifungal amides from Piper scutifolium and Piper hoffmanseggianum.
AID665063	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 after 48 hrs by micro-broth dilution method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 22, Issue:11	An efficient one-pot synthesis, structure, antimicrobial and antioxidant investigations of some novel quinolyldibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepinones.
AID211168	Antifungal activity against T. mentagrophytes; no data	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 14, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID211168	Antifungal activity against T. mentagrophytes; no data	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-07, Volume: 14, Issue:11	Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID373683	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 24433 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes with N-benzyloxycarbonyl-S-phenylalanine.
AID295122	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 at 100 ug after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 42, Issue:8	Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of bis[micro2-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-ethanethiolato-N,S,S-chloro-palladium(II)] dimer, [(micro2-CH2CH2NHNCC6H4)PdCl]2.C2H5OH complex.
AID456358	Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae NCIB 418 after 24 hrs by agar well diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 18, Issue:1	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-quinoxalinone-3-hydrazone derivatives.
AID486963	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by micro broth dilution method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 45, Issue:6	'On water' assisted synthesis and biological evaluation of nitrogen and sulfur containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID1294627	Antifungal activity against Sphaerotheca fuliginea after 72 hrs by agar diffusion method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Efficient synthesis of new 2,3-dihydrooxazole-spirooxindoles hybrids as antimicrobial agents.
AID659361	Ratio of MFC99.9 to MIC90 for Aspergillus niger 545 at 35 degC after 48 hrs by CLSI method based antimicrobial assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel thiazole substituted benzotriazole derivatives.
AID477106	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 2501 at 30 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID381184	Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis after 24 to 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	1999	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Antimicrobial and antitumor activities of mycosporulone.
AID1729762	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID625286	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1061186	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 873 at 50 ug/ml after 48 hrs by disc diffusion method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID1462722	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli MTCC 443	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20	Benzothiazole analogues: Synthesis, characterization, MO calculations with PM6 and DFT, in silico studies and in vitro antimalarial as DHFR inhibitors and antimicrobial activities.
AID1433221	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans DSM 1665 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2016	Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 79, Issue:6	Pyristriatins A and B: Pyridino-Cyathane Antibiotics from the Basidiomycete Cyathus cf. striatus.
AID625284	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic failure	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID574599	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 44859 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID1808215	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger ATCC 20057 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated overnight by broth dilution method	2022	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-10, Volume: 13, Issue:2	Water-Soluble Nystatin and Derivative.
AID55191	Minimum inhibitory concentration towards C. neoformans; value ranges from 3.5-3.9 ug/mL	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 14, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID55191	Minimum inhibitory concentration towards C. neoformans; value ranges from 3.5-3.9 ug/mL	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-07, Volume: 14, Issue:11	Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID658679	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 3471 at 128 ug/disc at 37 degC after 24 to 72 hrs by agar-well diffusion assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel thiazole substituted benzotriazole derivatives.
AID389004	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051 assessed as diameter of the inhibition zone at 1 uM/disk after 4 hrs by disk diffusion method	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 16, Issue:23	Hetero-Diels-Alder reaction of 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with arylsulfonylcyanides. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 4-hydroxy-2-(arylsulfonyl)pyridines.
AID1079933	Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID1138643	Antifungal activity against Cylindrocarpon musae at 50 ug/disc after 2 days by disk diffusion method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Biologically active dichapetalins from Dichapetalum gelonioides.
AID659362	Ratio of MFC99.9 to MIC90 for Candida albicans 3471 at 35 degC after 48 hrs by CLSI method based antimicrobial assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel thiazole substituted benzotriazole derivatives.
AID1159121	Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9763 assessed as zone of inhibition at 100 mg for 24 hrs at 30 degC by disk diffusion test	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 82	Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, and structure-activity relationships of gypsogenin derivatives against human cancer cells.
AID374351	Antiviral activity against BKV Gardner ATCC VR837 infected in human WI38 cells assessed as reduction in viral DNA level preincubated for 2 hrs before viral infection measured after 7 days by real time PCR assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12	BK Virus replication in vitro: limited effect of drugs interfering with viral uptake and intracellular transport.
AID1061174	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 873 after 48 hrs by microdilution method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID1729763	Fungicidal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID477101	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 at 10 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID1079945	Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID1456557	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus NCIM 5345 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone measured after 20 hrs by agar well diffusion method
AID454162	Antimicrobial activity against Proteus vulgaris MTCC 1771 at 30 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 17, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of pyrazole chalcones as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
AID717366	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 7253 at 10 ug per disk after 2 to 3 days by disc diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24	Design, synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of novel 1-benzyl 2-butyl-4-chloroimidazole embodied 4-azafluorenones via molecular hybridization approach.
AID1138645	Antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani at 50 ug/disc after 2 days by disk diffusion method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Biologically active dichapetalins from Dichapetalum gelonioides.
AID244853	Minimum inhibitory concentration against Fusarium moniliforme	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 15, Issue:7	Enhancement in antimicrobial activity of 2-(phenyl)-3-(2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazolyl)-5-butylate isoxazolidine.
AID574606	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes 445 after 72 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID745307	Antibacterial activity against Clostridium tetani MTCC 449 assessed as growth inhibition after overnight incubation by NCCLS broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinoline based diversely fluorine substituted N-aryl quinolone derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial, antituberculosis and antioxidant agents.
AID667680	Antimicrobial activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution technique	2012	Journal of natural products, Apr-27, Volume: 75, Issue:4	Hyaladione, an S-methyl cyclohexadiene-dione from Hyalangium minutum.
AID311362	Antifungal activity against Eurotium amstelodami FC1021 by microdilution method	2007	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 70, Issue:9	Benzaldehyde derivatives from Sarcodontia crocea.
AID355613	Antifungal activity against Epidermophyton floccosum after 7 days at 27 degC by liquid dilution method
AID613615	Antibacterial activity against 10'8 CFU/mL Aspergillus fumigatus MTCC 3008 by NCCLS M100-S12(M7) broth microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinolines and their pyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial and antituberculosis agents.
AID1310595	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by broth microdilution method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-08, Volume: 118	Simple avarone mimetics as selective agents against multidrug resistant cancer cells.
AID1061173	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 281 after 48 hrs by microdilution method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID1887354	Antifungal activity against Pichia anomala DSM6766 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth incubated overnight by serial dilution method
AID376863	Antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata ITEM 511 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID448785	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus at 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Anti-oxidant, anti-fungal and anti-leishmanial activities of novel 3-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) phenyl]prop-2-en-1-ones.
AID447245	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula rubra DSM 70403 after 24 hrs by broth micro dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and DNA binding of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID1079946	Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID376860	Antifungal activity against Fusarium subglutinans at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID400371	Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae	1998	Journal of natural products, Jan-23, Volume: 61, Issue:1	Coluteol and Colutequinone B, More Antifungal Isoflavonoids from Colutea arborescens
AID37558	Minimum inhibitory concentration towards Aspergillus fumigatus NR denotes not reported	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 14, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID37558	Minimum inhibitory concentration towards Aspergillus fumigatus NR denotes not reported	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-07, Volume: 14, Issue:11	Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID387672	Antifungal activity against Fusarium equiseti (Corda) Sacc after 48 hrs by poisoned-food technique	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 18, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of 3-pyrazolyl-thiophene, thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as new bioactive and pharmacological activities.
AID750276	Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes MTCC 442 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 64	Synthetic tactics of new class of 4-aminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile derivatives acting as antimicrobial agents.
AID1079949	Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID295128	Antifungal activity against Hanseniaspora guilliermondii DSM 3432 at 100 ug after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 42, Issue:8	Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of bis[micro2-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-ethanethiolato-N,S,S-chloro-palladium(II)] dimer, [(micro2-CH2CH2NHNCC6H4)PdCl]2.C2H5OH complex.
AID1729752	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 5 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID574600	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis 156 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID1404415	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans DSM 11225 by serial dilution method	2018	Journal of natural products, 04-27, Volume: 81, Issue:4	Microporenic Acids A-G, Biofilm Inhibitors, and Antimicrobial Agents from the Basidiomycete Microporus Species.
AID574253	Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 biofilms by XTT reduction assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1290445	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 112	Novel morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with pyrazoline scaffolds: Synthesis, antibacterial, antitubercular and antimalarial activities.
AID699541	Inhibition of human liver OATP2B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E3S uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 55, Issue:10	Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
AID244919	In-vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against the growth of Cryptococcus neoformans	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 15, Issue:13	Synthesis of (1,4)-naphthoquinono-[3,2-c]-1H-pyrazoles and their (1,4)-naphthohydroquinone derivatives as antifungal, antibacterial, and anticancer agents.
AID311878	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay	2007	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 70, Issue:12	Triterpene, antioxidant, and antimicrobial compounds from Melissa officinalis.
AID416040	Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as inhibition of radial growth rate at 23 degC in darkness	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID476291	Antifungal activity against Trichoderma viride MTCC 167 after 24 to 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 45, Issue:1	Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-400) as an alternative reaction solvent for the synthesis of some new 1-(4-(4'-chlorophenyl)-2-thiazolyl)-3-aryl-5-(2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazol-5yl)-2-pyrazolines and their in vitro antimicrobial evaluation.
AID730808	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MTCC 3008 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6	An efficient domino reaction in ionic liquid: synthesis and biological evaluation of some pyrano- and thiopyrano-fused heterocycles.
AID613610	Antibacterial activity against 10'8 CFU/mL Clostridium tetani MTCC 449 by NCCLS M100-S12(M7) broth microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinolines and their pyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial and antituberculosis agents.
AID456431	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 3 days by agar well diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 18, Issue:1	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-quinoxalinone-3-hydrazone derivatives.
AID1650125	Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by INT dye based assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 28, Issue:1	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of imidazole and oxazole fragments as HIV-1 integrase-LEDGF/p75 disruptors and inhibitors of microbial pathogens.
AID758269	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 65	Design and synthesis of biquinolone-isoniazid hybrids as a new class of antitubercular and antimicrobial agents.
AID1456560	Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans MTCC 890 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone measured after 20 hrs by agar well diffusion method
AID295090	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 48 hrs by dilution method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 42, Issue:8	Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of bis[micro2-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-ethanethiolato-N,S,S-chloro-palladium(II)] dimer, [(micro2-CH2CH2NHNCC6H4)PdCl]2.C2H5OH complex.
AID566590	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans at 50 mg/disk after 5 days by agar disk diffusion method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 46, Issue:1	Synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and in vivo antitumor evaluation of novel pyrimidoquinolines and its nucleoside derivatives.
AID1295311	Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus lactis ATCC 14591 at 1 mg/ml incubated for 24 hrs by cup diffusion assay	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID1778376	Toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 2601 assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 24 hrs by microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 220	Increased antibacterial properties of indoline-derived phenolic Mannich bases.
AID574255	Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 biofilms by XTT reduction assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1772162	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 assessed as inhibition of bacterial growth incubated for 16 hrs by microdilution method
AID613614	Antibacterial activity against 10'8 CFU/mL Vibrio cholerae MTCC 3906 by NCCLS M100-S12(M7) broth microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinolines and their pyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial and antituberculosis agents.
AID1295312	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 at 1 mg/ml incubated for 24 hrs by cup diffusion assay	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID335112	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium resinae 10100 at 100 units/disk by disk diffusion assay	1993	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 56, Issue:9	An antifungal bibenzyl from the New Zealand liverwort, Plagiochila stephensoniana. Bioactivity-directed isolation, synthesis, and analysis.
AID257548	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (L)-alpha-amino acid methyl ester, heteroalkyl, and aryl substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID666956	Antifungal activity Aspergillus niger NCIM 545 after 24 to 72 hrs by NCCLS method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	Hybrids of ravuconazole: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID283198	Susceptibility of polyene-resistant Candida glabrata 21229 isolate at 50 ug by disk diffusion method	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3	Reduced susceptibility to polyenes associated with a missense mutation in the ERG6 gene in a clinical isolate of Candida glabrata with pseudohyphal growth.
AID374548	Antifungal activity against Trichoderma viride at 28 degC after 72 hrs	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Convenient one-pot synthesis of novel 2-substituted benzimidazoles, tetrahydrobenzimidazoles and imidazoles and evaluation of their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.
AID468925	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 48 hrs by TTC staining method	2009	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 72, Issue:8	7,7-Dimethylaporphine alkaloids from the stem of Guatteriopsis friesiana.
AID313253	Antimicrobial activity against Candida sp. IMUR720 at 100 ug/disc	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 16, Issue:1	Synthesis, anti-Toxoplasma gondii and antimicrobial activities of benzaldehyde 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazones and 2-[(phenylmethylene)hydrazono]-4-oxo-3-phenyl-5-thiazolidineacetic acids.
AID1487453	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger after 72 hrs by serial dilution method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 27, Issue:16	Synthesis of novel 2-pyrazoline analogues with potent anti-inflammatory effect mediated by inhibition of phospholipase A2: Crystallographic, in silico docking and QSAR analysis.
AID358503	Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells	2001	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 64, Issue:1	Isolation, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of bioactive benzoquinones from Miconia lepidota from the Suriname rainforest.
AID1295319	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 14154 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI/NCCLS protocol based method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID1433224	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula glutinis DSM 10134 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2016	Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 79, Issue:6	Pyristriatins A and B: Pyridino-Cyathane Antibiotics from the Basidiomycete Cyathus cf. striatus.
AID1656229	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC-1344 after 48 hrs by broth macro dilution method	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164	Green recipes to quinoline: A review.
AID333447	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium sphaerospermum assessed as minimum concentration required to inhibit growth after 72 hrs by TLC	2004	Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11	Benzoic acid derivatives from Piper species and their fungitoxic activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides and C. sphaerospermum.
AID662993	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MTCC 3008 by macrobroth dilution assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 22, Issue:12	An improved microwave assisted one-pot synthesis, and biological investigations of some novel aryldiazenyl chromeno fused pyrrolidines.
AID381183	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata after 24 to 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	1999	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Antimicrobial and antitumor activities of mycosporulone.
AID1616898	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula glutinis DSM 10134 incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID1290442	Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi MTCC 98 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 112	Novel morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with pyrazoline scaffolds: Synthesis, antibacterial, antitubercular and antimalarial activities.
AID1729791	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of sorbitol by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID400294	Antimicrobial activity against Microsporum gypseum after 48 hrs by twofold serial microbroth dilution assay	1996	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 59, Issue:1	Chlorochimaphilin: a new antibiotic from Moneses uniflora.
AID501200	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 389 at 100 units after 18 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 72, Issue:10	Norselic acids A-E, highly oxidized anti-infective steroids that deter mesograzer predation, from the Antarctic sponge Crella sp.
AID1055470	Antifungal activity against Nematospora coryli DSM 6981 assessed as growth inhibition	2013	Journal of natural products, Nov-22, Volume: 76, Issue:11	Gymnopalynes A and B, chloropropynyl-isocoumarin antibiotics from cultures of the basidiomycete Gymnopus sp.
AID1159117	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as zone of inhibition at 100 mg for 24 hrs at 30 degC by disk diffusion test	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 82	Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, and structure-activity relationships of gypsogenin derivatives against human cancer cells.
AID395396	Antifungal activity against Kluyveromyces fragilis NRRL 2415 after 48 hrs by twofold serial dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID1433837	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	Synthesis and biological screening of novel 2-morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with 1,2,4-oxadiazole motifs.
AID1079943	Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID1228190	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans DSM1665 assessed as inhibition of microbial growth incubated for 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution assay	2015	Journal of natural products, Apr-24, Volume: 78, Issue:4	Deconins A-E: Cuparenic and Mevalonic or Propionic Acid Conjugates from the Basidiomycete Deconica sp. 471.
AID47875	Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Pyrido[3,4-e]-1,2,4-triazines and related heterocycles as potential antifungal agents.
AID1729772	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 7 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1194192	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger after 48 hrs by two fold serial microdilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 25, Issue:8	Studies on antimicrobial effects of four ligands and their transition metal complexes with 8-mercaptoquinoline and pyridine terminal groups.
AID536143	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 282 after 24 hrs by serial dilution method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11	Design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of antitubercular and antimicrobial activity of some novel pyranopyrimidines.
AID501848	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID125948	Antifungal activity against M. canis; no data	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 14, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID125948	Antifungal activity against M. canis; no data	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-07, Volume: 14, Issue:11	Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID750279	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli MTCC 443 assessed as growth inhibition by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 64	Synthetic tactics of new class of 4-aminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile derivatives acting as antimicrobial agents.
AID287396	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 24 hrs by dilution method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Fe(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine ligand.
AID356948	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger ATCC 10335 after 48 hrs by agar dilution method	2002	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 65, Issue:12	Five new steroidal saponins from Solanum chrysotrichum leaves and their antimycotic activity.
AID494448	Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum at 100 ug after 24 hrs by paper disc method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8	Synthesis of some new 4(3H)-quinazolinone-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones and their metal complexes and a study on their anticonvulsant, analgesic, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities - part-1.
AID311361	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium herbarum IMI300461 by microdilution method	2007	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 70, Issue:9	Benzaldehyde derivatives from Sarcodontia crocea.
AID454159	Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae NCIM 2957 at 30 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 17, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of pyrazole chalcones as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
AID574603	Antifungal activity against Trichosporon beigelii 1188 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID381182	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 24 to 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	1999	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Antimicrobial and antitumor activities of mycosporulone.
AID72115	Antifungal activity against Fusarium solani determined as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration of 10 ug/disk (expt 2)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-22, Volume: 11, Issue:20	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of 9-methoxystrobilurin L as the originally proposed 1,4-benzodioxan structure.
AID387674	Antifungal activity against Coillectotrium corchori Ikata (Yoshida) after 48 hrs by poisoned-food technique	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 18, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of 3-pyrazolyl-thiophene, thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as new bioactive and pharmacological activities.
AID1551783	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 173	Antibacterial activity study of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives.
AID1139688	Antimicrobial activity against Pichia anomala DSM 6766 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID501857	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID1290443	Antibacterial activity against Vibrio cholerae MTCC 3906 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 112	Novel morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with pyrazoline scaffolds: Synthesis, antibacterial, antitubercular and antimalarial activities.
AID376882	Antifungal activity against Fusarium semitectum ITEM 393 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID345810	Antimicrobial activity against Candida maltosa	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 16, Issue:24	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-alkenylchroman-4-ones, 2-alkenylthiochroman-4-ones and 2-alkenylquinol-4-ones.
AID1729743	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID395379	Antifungal activity against Hanseniaspora guilliermondii DSM 3432 at 1 ug after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID1139692	Antimicrobial activity against Pichia membranifaciens DSM 21959 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID1504833	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger ATCC 10335 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method	2017	Journal of natural products, 12-22, Volume: 80, Issue:12	Sulfur-Containing Aristoloxazines and Other Constituents of the Roots of Aristolochia orbicularis.
AID395378	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula rubra DSM 70403 at 1 ug after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID1729746	Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 34135 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID625281	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholelithiasis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID257545	Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23	Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (L)-alpha-amino acid methyl ester, heteroalkyl, and aryl substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID373095	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans at 100 ug/disk after 24 hrs by diffusion technique	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 44, Issue:5	Diazinium salts with dihydroxyacetophenone skeleton: Syntheses and antimicrobial activity.
AID1113104	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton verrucosum after 4 days by microdilution method	2013	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 61, Issue:12	Isolation and characterization of new p-Terphenyls with antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities from halophilic actinomycete Nocardiopsis gilva YIM 90087.
AID1171201	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 1665 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Nov-26, Volume: 77, Issue:11	Nannozinones and sorazinones, unprecedented pyrazinones from myxobacteria.
AID429834	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 28185 at 100 IU	2009	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 72, Issue:6	Phenylphenalenones from the Australian plant Haemodorum simplex.
AID574602	Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 20/I after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID338496	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 at < 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs at 25 degC by agar hole-plate diffusion assay	1993	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 56, Issue:4	Structure and stereochemistry of pectinolides A-C, novel antimicrobial and cytotoxic 5,6-dihydro-alpha-pyrones from Hyptis pectinata.
AID385340	Antibacterial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2008	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 71, Issue:4	Antibacterial C-geranylflavonoids from Paulownia tomentosa Fruits.
AID1349907	Antimicrobial activity against Candida tenuis MUCL 29892 after 16 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2018	Journal of natural products, 02-23, Volume: 81, Issue:2	Cysteine-Derived Pleurotin Congeners from the Nematode-Trapping Basidiomycete Hohenbuehelia grisea.
AID376891	Antifungal activity against Pichia dryadoides ITEM 1663 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID1404407	Antimicrobial activity against Mucor plumbeus MUCL 49355 by serial dilution method	2018	Journal of natural products, 04-27, Volume: 81, Issue:4	Microporenic Acids A-G, Biofilm Inhibitors, and Antimicrobial Agents from the Basidiomycete Microporus Species.
AID1055465	Antifungal activity against Trichosporon oleaginosus DSM 11815 assessed as growth inhibition	2013	Journal of natural products, Nov-22, Volume: 76, Issue:11	Gymnopalynes A and B, chloropropynyl-isocoumarin antibiotics from cultures of the basidiomycete Gymnopus sp.
AID666960	Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae MTCC 1936 by broth microdilution method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	New N-arylamino biquinoline derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial, antituberculosis, and antimalarial evaluation.
AID260691	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger by disk diffusion method at 10 ug/disk	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 16, Issue:4	Microwave-assisted synthesis of N-alkylated benzotriazole derivatives: antimicrobial studies.
AID1290441	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 112	Novel morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with pyrazoline scaffolds: Synthesis, antibacterial, antitubercular and antimalarial activities.
AID377148	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 24433 after 24 hrs using sabouraud liquid medium	1999	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6	Flavones and sesquiterpene lactones from Achillea atrata subsp. multifida: antimicrobial activity.
AID402559	Antimycotic activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 28185 after 72 hrs	2004	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 67, Issue:6	Antimycotic spirostanol saponins from Solanum hispidum leaves and their structure-activity relationships.
AID501860	Antibacterial activity against Sarcina lutea food isolate after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID670550	Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis MTCC 1744 after 24 hrs by well diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 22, Issue:14	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of (2S,3R)-2-aminododecan-3-ol.
AID1079944	Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID356949	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method	2002	Journal of natural products, Dec, Volume: 65, Issue:12	Five new steroidal saponins from Solanum chrysotrichum leaves and their antimycotic activity.
AID1783242	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula glutinis DSM1034 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth by broth microdilution method
AID333446	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides assessed as minimum concentration required to inhibit growth after 72 hrs by TLC	2004	Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11	Benzoic acid derivatives from Piper species and their fungitoxic activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides and C. sphaerospermum.
AID72127	Compound was evaluated for antifungal activity against Fusarium solani R-2800 as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration 10 ug/disk; NE means not effective	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-21, Volume: 12, Issue:20	The first synthesis and antifungal activities of 9-methoxystrobilurin-type beta-substituted beta-methoxyacrylate.
AID244861	In-vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against the growth of Candida albicans	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 15, Issue:13	Synthesis of (1,4)-naphthoquinono-[3,2-c]-1H-pyrazoles and their (1,4)-naphthohydroquinone derivatives as antifungal, antibacterial, and anticancer agents.
AID1061180	Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium moniliforme MTCC 156 at 50 ug/ml after 48 hrs by disc diffusion method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID337496	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 3153 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method
AID1617937	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as fungal growth inhibition measured after 48 hrs by bromocresol green dye based assay
AID381185	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis after 24 to 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	1999	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Antimicrobial and antitumor activities of mycosporulone.
AID1290439	Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae MTCC 1936 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 112	Novel morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with pyrazoline scaffolds: Synthesis, antibacterial, antitubercular and antimalarial activities.
AID373674	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10259 at 100 u/disk after 72 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes with N-benzyloxycarbonyl-S-phenylalanine.
AID395397	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula rubra DSM 70403 after 48 hrs by twofold serial dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID477099	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 2488 at 10 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID395398	Antifungal activity against Hanseniaspora guilliermondii DSM 3432 after 48 hrs by twofold serial dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID465518	Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase positive Escherichia coli LMP 701 after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method	2010	Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 73, Issue:2	Pycnanthulignenes A-D, antimicrobial cyclolignene derivatives from the roots of Pycnanthus angolensis.
AID358499	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1138 assessed as concentration required to generate kill-zone of 12 mm in diameter after 48 hrs	2001	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 64, Issue:1	Isolation, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of bioactive benzoquinones from Miconia lepidota from the Suriname rainforest.
AID1772158	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as inhibition of bacterial growth incubated for 16 hrs by microdilution method
AID1491052	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium sphaerospermum (Perzig) SPC 491 assessed as detection limit for activity by bioautographic method	2017	Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5	Lactone Derivatives Produced by a Phaeoacremonium sp., an Endophytic Fungus from Senna spectabilis.
AID395588	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger after 48 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis of new series of 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,2-oxazines via hetero Diels-Alder reaction and evaluation of antimicrobial activity.
AID447220	Antifungal activity against Kluyveromyces fragilis NRRL 2415 at 100 ug after 72 hrs by agar disk diffusion assay	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and DNA binding of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID1772164	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as inhibition of bacterial growth incubated for 16 hrs by microdilution method
AID381186	Antifungal activity against amphotericin-resistant Candida tropicalis after 24 to 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	1999	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Antimicrobial and antitumor activities of mycosporulone.
AID1887352	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans DSM1665 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth incubated overnight by serial dilution method
AID1294626	Antifungal activity against Pseudoperonospora cubensis after 72 hrs by agar diffusion method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Efficient synthesis of new 2,3-dihydrooxazole-spirooxindoles hybrids as antimicrobial agents.
AID376887	Antifungal activity against Kluyveromyces fragilis ITEM 1657 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID39528	Compound was tested for the antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus (R-1301) at a concentration of 10 ug/disk; zone of inhibition was measured after 48 hr incubation.	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Remarkable influence of the aromatic substructure in 9-methoxystrobilurin derivatives on their antifungal activity.
AID436780	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus ochraceus Wilhelm AUCC 230 at 30 ug/mL after 48 hrs by agar diffusion assay	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10	Synthesis, characterization and in vitro antimicrobial activity of novel 2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinones and 4,4'-bis(2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone-3-yl)diphenylsulfones.
AID338055	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10259 after 3 days by microdilution assay
AID625832	Antifungal activity against Sporothrix schenckii by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21	Micelles catalyzed chemoselective synthesis 'in water' and biological evaluation of oxygen containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potential antifungal agents.
AID625280	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholecystitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1126591	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis at 100 U/disc at 25 degC after 48 hrs by agar well diffusion assay	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 78	Synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity evaluations of novel pyrazole carboxylic and dicarboxylic acid derivatives.
AID1730951	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus clavatus MTCC 1323 assessed as fungal growth inhibition	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 36	Structure based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of imidazole derivatives targeting dihydropteroate synthase enzyme.
AID456430	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCIB 950 after 24 hrs by agar well diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 18, Issue:1	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-quinoxalinone-3-hydrazone derivatives.
AID376874	Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ITEM 1729 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID1272240	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger by broth micro-dilution method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3	Efficiently functionalized oxacalix[4]arenes: Synthesis, characterization and exploration of their biological profile as novel HDAC inhibitors.
AID1159120	Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata assessed as zone of inhibition at 100 mg for 24 hrs at 30 degC by disk diffusion test	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 82	Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, and structure-activity relationships of gypsogenin derivatives against human cancer cells.
AID335126	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 10261 at 100 units/disk by disk diffusion assay	1993	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 56, Issue:9	An antifungal bibenzyl from the New Zealand liverwort, Plagiochila stephensoniana. Bioactivity-directed isolation, synthesis, and analysis.
AID295124	Antifungal activity against Kluyveromyces fragilis NRRL 2415 at 100 ug after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 42, Issue:8	Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of bis[micro2-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-ethanethiolato-N,S,S-chloro-palladium(II)] dimer, [(micro2-CH2CH2NHNCC6H4)PdCl]2.C2H5OH complex.
AID1729760	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 13 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID374553	Antifungal activity against Penicillium sp. at 30 ug/disk at 28 degC after 72 hrs	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Convenient one-pot synthesis of novel 2-substituted benzimidazoles, tetrahydrobenzimidazoles and imidazoles and evaluation of their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.
AID395408	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus at 20 ug after 48 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis of new series of 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,2-oxazines via hetero Diels-Alder reaction and evaluation of antimicrobial activity.
AID501201	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 54 at 100 units after 18 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 72, Issue:10	Norselic acids A-E, highly oxidized anti-infective steroids that deter mesograzer predation, from the Antarctic sponge Crella sp.
AID202550	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae determined as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration of 10 ug/disk (expt 2)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-22, Volume: 11, Issue:20	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of 9-methoxystrobilurin L as the originally proposed 1,4-benzodioxan structure.
AID1608440	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180	Role of sulphur-heterocycles in medicinal chemistry: An update.
AID1112104	Antifungal activity against Microbotryum violaceum by agar diffusion test	2012	Fitoterapia, Apr, Volume: 83, Issue:3	Pyrenocines J-M: four new pyrenocines from the endophytic fungus, Phomopsis sp.
AID355614	Antifungal activity against Microsporum canis after 7 days at 27 degC by liquid dilution method
AID418108	Antifungal activity Candida albicans ATCC 10231 at 100 ug/disk after 48 hrs at 28 degC by agar diffusion technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 17, Issue:7	New pyridazine derivatives: synthesis, chemistry and biological activity.
AID374547	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger at 28 degC after 72 hrs	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Convenient one-pot synthesis of novel 2-substituted benzimidazoles, tetrahydrobenzimidazoles and imidazoles and evaluation of their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.
AID745304	Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi MTCC 98 assessed as growth inhibition after overnight incubation by NCCLS broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinoline based diversely fluorine substituted N-aryl quinolone derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial, antituberculosis and antioxidant agents.
AID395377	Antifungal activity against Kluyveromyces fragilis NRRL 2415 at 1 ug after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID1193574	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 13803 at 100 ug after 48 hrs	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 25, Issue:7	Synthesis of 3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanes and their antiprotozoal activities.
AID460627	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 1781 at 100 ug/ml after 48 hrs agar diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 18, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological screening of a combinatorial library of beta-chlorovinyl chalcones as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
AID337758	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 3153 after 48 hrs by agar dilution method
AID1866151	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula glutinis DSM 10134 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth incubated for overnight by serial dilution method
AID745305	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli MTCC 443 assessed as growth inhibition after overnight incubation by NCCLS broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinoline based diversely fluorine substituted N-aryl quinolone derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial, antituberculosis and antioxidant agents.
AID277072	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus by measuring zone of inhibition at 30 ug after 48 hrs	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 16, Issue:24	Synthesis of antimicrobial 2,9,10-trisubstituted-6-oxo-7,12-dihydro-chromeno[3,4-b]quinoxalines.
AID666959	Antibacterial activity against Clostridium tetani MTCC 449 by broth microdilution method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	New N-arylamino biquinoline derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial, antituberculosis, and antimalarial evaluation.
AID465607	Antibacterial activity against chloramphenicol-resistant Citrobacter freundii LMP 802 after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method	2010	Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 73, Issue:2	Pycnanthulignenes A-D, antimicrobial cyclolignene derivatives from the roots of Pycnanthus angolensis.
AID1462721	Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes MTCC 442	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20	Benzothiazole analogues: Synthesis, characterization, MO calculations with PM6 and DFT, in silico studies and in vitro antimalarial as DHFR inhibitors and antimicrobial activities.
AID1126672	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 78	Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological screening of some novel 5-imidazopyrazole incorporated polyhydroquinoline derivatives.
AID1772165	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as inhibition of bacterial growth incubated for 16 hrs by microdilution method
AID1240033	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 873 assessed as concentration required to completely destroy test microorganisms after 24 hrs	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	Novel 5-functionalized-pyrazoles: Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological screening.
AID376869	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus parasiticus ITEM 11 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID504051	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 by broth serial dilution technique	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 20, Issue:18	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel fluorine containing 4-(substituted-2-hydroxybenzoyl)-1H-pyrazoles and pyrazolyl benzo[d]oxazoles.
AID400297	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus after 48 hrs by twofold serial microbroth dilution assay	1996	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 59, Issue:1	Chlorochimaphilin: a new antibiotic from Moneses uniflora.
AID501850	Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID1240023	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 281 at 50 ug/ml after 24 hrs by disc diffusion method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	Novel 5-functionalized-pyrazoles: Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological screening.
AID321987	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans at 50 ug/disk after 5 days	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 16, Issue:6	Synthesis, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity of some novel pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolin-4-ones.
AID90843	Antifungal activity against Histoplasma capsulatum was determined by twofold Micro-broth dilution assay; No data	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-09, Volume: 14, Issue:3	Bile acid amides derived from chiral amino alcohols: novel antimicrobials and antifungals.
AID745306	Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae MTCC 1936 assessed as growth inhibition after overnight incubation by NCCLS broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinoline based diversely fluorine substituted N-aryl quinolone derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial, antituberculosis and antioxidant agents.
AID1155374	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides after 48 hrs	2014	Journal of natural products, Jun-27, Volume: 77, Issue:6	Antifungal and cytotoxic 2-acylcyclohexane-1,3-diones from Peperomia alata and P. trineura.
AID260693	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus by disk diffusion method at 10 ug/disk	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 16, Issue:4	Microwave-assisted synthesis of N-alkylated benzotriazole derivatives: antimicrobial studies.
AID501863	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus restrictus isolates after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID490039	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis at 100 ug/ml after 24 to 48 hrs by disk diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 20, Issue:14	One-pot multicomponent synthesis and anti-microbial evaluation of 2'-(indol-3-yl)-2-oxospiro(indoline-3,4'-pyran) derivatives.
AID49627	Minimum inhibitory concentration towards C. albicans; value ranges from 7.8-7.9 ug/mL	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 14, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID49627	Minimum inhibitory concentration towards C. albicans; value ranges from 7.8-7.9 ug/mL	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-07, Volume: 14, Issue:11	Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID1462723	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 1688	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20	Benzothiazole analogues: Synthesis, characterization, MO calculations with PM6 and DFT, in silico studies and in vitro antimalarial as DHFR inhibitors and antimicrobial activities.
AID701472	Antifungal activity against Candida spp	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 20, Issue:19	The biology and chemistry of antifungal agents: a review.
AID275136	Antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea IAM1069	2007	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 70, Issue:1	Antimicrobial arylcoumarins from Asphodelus microcarpus.
AID623608	Antifungal activity against 10'8 CFU/mL Aspergillus clavatus MTCC 1323 by broth microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 46, Issue:11	1,3-Dihydro-2H-indol-2-ones derivatives: design, synthesis, in vitro antibacterial, antifungal and antitubercular study.
AID156092	Compound was tested for the antifungal activity against Penicillium citrinum (R-3703) at a concentration of 10 ug/disk; zone of inhibition was measured after 48 h incubation.	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Remarkable influence of the aromatic substructure in 9-methoxystrobilurin derivatives on their antifungal activity.
AID477107	Antimicrobial activity against Penicillium chrysogenum MTCC 1996 at 30 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID436263	Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae DMS 70449 after 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2008	Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 71, Issue:11	Synthesis and biological activities of thio-avarol derivatives.
AID629347	Antifungal activity against Candida tenuis assessed as zone of inhibition at 0.01 mg/mL after 48 to 72 hrs by stiff-plate agar-diffusion method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12	Synthesis and biological activity of novel N-cycloalkyl-(cycloalkylaryl)-2-[(3-R-2-oxo-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[2,3-c]quinazoline-6-yl)thio]acetamides.
AID494447	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus ochraceus Wilhelm at 100 ug after 24 hrs by paper disc method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 45, Issue:8	Synthesis of some new 4(3H)-quinazolinone-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones and their metal complexes and a study on their anticonvulsant, analgesic, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities - part-1.
AID1066570	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae assessed as growth inhibition measured every 4 hrs	2014	Journal of natural products, Feb-28, Volume: 77, Issue:2	Isochromans and α-pyrones from Penicillium corylophilum.
AID766194	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as growth inhibition at 100 ug/disc after 48 hrs by disc diffusion assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 67	New pyridazine-fluorine derivatives: synthesis, chemistry and biological activity. Part II.
AID511863	Antifungal activity against Candida sp. UFPEDA 2224 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9	Synthesis and evaluation of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and antimicrobial activities of thiosemicarbazides, 4-thiazolidinones and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles.
AID383154	Antifungal activity against Helminthosporium maydis YM3076 after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2008	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 71, Issue:4	Ten-membered lactones from Phomopsis sp., an endophytic fungus of Azadirachta indica.
AID1433223	Antifungal activity against Pichia anomala DSM 6766 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2016	Journal of natural products, 06-24, Volume: 79, Issue:6	Pyristriatins A and B: Pyridino-Cyathane Antibiotics from the Basidiomycete Cyathus cf. striatus.
AID141780	Antifungal activity against Mucor fragilis	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Pyrido[3,4-e]-1,2,4-triazines and related heterocycles as potential antifungal agents.
AID400295	Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium tricinctum after 48 hrs by twofold serial microbroth dilution assay	1996	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 59, Issue:1	Chlorochimaphilin: a new antibiotic from Moneses uniflora.
AID745308	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 assessed as growth inhibition after overnight incubation by NCCLS broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinoline based diversely fluorine substituted N-aryl quinolone derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial, antituberculosis and antioxidant agents.
AID629344	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as zone of inhibition at 0.01 mg/mL after 24 hrs by stiff-plate agar-diffusion method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12	Synthesis and biological activity of novel N-cycloalkyl-(cycloalkylaryl)-2-[(3-R-2-oxo-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[2,3-c]quinazoline-6-yl)thio]acetamides.
AID1126673	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MTCC 3008 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 78	Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological screening of some novel 5-imidazopyrazole incorporated polyhydroquinoline derivatives.
AID532572	Antifungal activity against wild-type Candida glabrata isolate 21231 by disk diffusion method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10	A nonsense mutation in the ERG6 gene leads to reduced susceptibility to polyenes in a clinical isolate of Candida glabrata.
AID456354	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus NCIB 6349 after 24 hrs by agar well diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 18, Issue:1	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-quinoxalinone-3-hydrazone derivatives.
AID295126	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula rubra DSM 70403 at 100 ug after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 42, Issue:8	Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of bis[micro2-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-ethanethiolato-N,S,S-chloro-palladium(II)] dimer, [(micro2-CH2CH2NHNCC6H4)PdCl]2.C2H5OH complex.
AID1278866	Induction of membrane damage in PC/PS liposome assessed as calcein release at MIC after 30 mins by fluorescence-based liposome leakage assay	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 24, Issue:6	Synthesis and evaluation of thiophene-based guanylhydrazones (iminoguanidines) efficient against panel of voriconazole-resistant fungal isolates.
AID401712	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides at 5 ug by TLC bioassay	1998	Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 61, Issue:7	Triterpenes and saponins from Rudgea viburnioides.
AID725080	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger after 12 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 59	Synthesis and antibacterial and antifungal evaluation of some chalcone based sulfones and bisulfones.
AID477103	Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens MTCC 86 at 10 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID574263	Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 biofilms by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1638888	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans at 0.5 to 256 ug/ml after 4 days by two-fold serial micro dilution method	2019	Journal of natural products, 04-26, Volume: 82, Issue:4	Inducing Secondary Metabolite Production by Co-culture of the Endophytic Fungus Phoma sp. and the Symbiotic Fungus Armillaria sp.
AID374551	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger at 30 ug/disk at 28 degC after 72 hrs	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Convenient one-pot synthesis of novel 2-substituted benzimidazoles, tetrahydrobenzimidazoles and imidazoles and evaluation of their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.
AID1497872	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzofuran appended benzothiazepine derivatives as inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase and antimicrobial agents.
AID1608441	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180	Role of sulphur-heterocycles in medicinal chemistry: An update.
AID1055468	Antifungal activity against Pichia anomala DSM 6766 assessed as growth inhibition	2013	Journal of natural products, Nov-22, Volume: 76, Issue:11	Gymnopalynes A and B, chloropropynyl-isocoumarin antibiotics from cultures of the basidiomycete Gymnopus sp.
AID376868	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus ITEM 9 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID673190	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 after 2 to 3 days by agar well diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 22, Issue:15	Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2,4,6-triazine derivatives as antimicrobial agents.
AID1139647	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus clavatus DSM 816 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID670553	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 183 after 24 hrs by well diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 22, Issue:14	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of (2S,3R)-2-aminododecan-3-ol.
AID376893	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ITEM 1633 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID269646	Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 16, Issue:16	Lactones from a brown alga endophytic fungus (No. ZZF36) from the South China Sea and their antimicrobial activities.
AID406146	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli by agar diffusion method	2008	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 71, Issue:6	Bioactive isocoumarins isolated from the endophytic fungus Microdochium bolleyi.
AID376884	Antifungal activity against Penicillium brevicompactum ITEM 449 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID1462724	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20	Benzothiazole analogues: Synthesis, characterization, MO calculations with PM6 and DFT, in silico studies and in vitro antimalarial as DHFR inhibitors and antimicrobial activities.
AID1294628	Antifungal activity against Phytophthora infestans after 72 hrs by agar diffusion method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Efficient synthesis of new 2,3-dihydrooxazole-spirooxindoles hybrids as antimicrobial agents.
AID39548	Compound was evaluated for antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatum R-1301 as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration 10 ug/disk	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-21, Volume: 12, Issue:20	The first synthesis and antifungal activities of 9-methoxystrobilurin-type beta-substituted beta-methoxyacrylate.
AID666961	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli MTCC 443 by broth microdilution method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	New N-arylamino biquinoline derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial, antituberculosis, and antimalarial evaluation.
AID244876	Minimum inhibitory concentration against Cephalosporium acremonium	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 15, Issue:7	Enhancement in antimicrobial activity of 2-(phenyl)-3-(2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazolyl)-5-butylate isoxazolidine.
AID625831	Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21	Micelles catalyzed chemoselective synthesis 'in water' and biological evaluation of oxygen containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potential antifungal agents.
AID574250	Antifungal activity against 10'8 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells by XTT reduction assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1433839	Antibacterial activity against Vibrio cholerae MTCC 3906 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	Synthesis and biological screening of novel 2-morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with 1,2,4-oxadiazole motifs.
AID338503	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by agar diffusion technique	1993	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 56, Issue:4	Structure and stereochemistry of pectinolides A-C, novel antimicrobial and cytotoxic 5,6-dihydro-alpha-pyrones from Hyptis pectinata.
AID662994	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 by macrobroth dilution assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 22, Issue:12	An improved microwave assisted one-pot synthesis, and biological investigations of some novel aryldiazenyl chromeno fused pyrrolidines.
AID1729794	Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 34135 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of ergosterol by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID378749	Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium verticillioides NRRL 25457 at 100 ug/disk by standard disk assay after 48 hrs	1999	Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 62, Issue:2	Antifungal and antibacterial metabolites from a sclerotium-colonizing isolate of Mortierella vinacea.
AID1329755	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula mucilaginosa ATCC 66034 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID1525191	Antifungal activity against Mucor hiemalis DSM 2656 by serial dilution method	2019	Journal of natural products, 05-24, Volume: 82, Issue:5	Kenalactams A-E, Polyene Macrolactams Isolated from Nocardiopsis CG3.
AID277073	Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum by measuring zone of inhibition at 30 ug after 48 hrs	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 16, Issue:24	Synthesis of antimicrobial 2,9,10-trisubstituted-6-oxo-7,12-dihydro-chromeno[3,4-b]quinoxalines.
AID1772161	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 assessed as inhibition of bacterial growth incubated for 16 hrs by microdilution method
AID1433838	Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi MTCC 98 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	Synthesis and biological screening of novel 2-morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with 1,2,4-oxadiazole motifs.
AID1240032	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 873 after 48 hrs by microdilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	Novel 5-functionalized-pyrazoles: Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological screening.
AID376888	Antifungal activity against Kluyveromyces lactis ITEM 1656 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID625287	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatomegaly	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1866143	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans DSM 1665 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth incubated for overnight by serial dilution method
AID1404409	Antimicrobial activity against Pichia anomala DSM 6766 by serial dilution method	2018	Journal of natural products, 04-27, Volume: 81, Issue:4	Microporenic Acids A-G, Biofilm Inhibitors, and Antimicrobial Agents from the Basidiomycete Microporus Species.
AID1295316	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI/NCCLS protocol based method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID387673	Antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata (fr.) Kedisslar after 48 hrs by poisoned-food technique	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 18, Issue:19	Design and synthesis of 3-pyrazolyl-thiophene, thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as new bioactive and pharmacological activities.
AID389003	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 assessed as diameter of the inhibition zone at 1 uM/disk after 4 hrs by disk diffusion method	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 16, Issue:23	Hetero-Diels-Alder reaction of 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with arylsulfonylcyanides. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 4-hydroxy-2-(arylsulfonyl)pyridines.
AID1729754	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 7 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1887353	Antifungal activity against Mucor hiemalis DSM2656 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth incubated overnight by serial dilution method
AID674912	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 282	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 22, Issue:17	Green synthesis and anti-infective activities of fluorinated pyrazoline derivatives.
AID625279	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for bilirubinemia	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1497873	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus brasiliensis PTCC 5011	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-23, Volume: 26, Issue:12	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzofuran appended benzothiazepine derivatives as inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase and antimicrobial agents.
AID574269	Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml biofilm-derived Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells hrs by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID374552	Antifungal activity against Trichoderma viride at 30 ug/disk at 28 degC after 72 hrs	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Convenient one-pot synthesis of novel 2-substituted benzimidazoles, tetrahydrobenzimidazoles and imidazoles and evaluation of their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.
AID400291	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by twofold serial microbroth dilution assay	1996	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 59, Issue:1	Chlorochimaphilin: a new antibiotic from Moneses uniflora.
AID48828	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans was determined by twofold Micro-broth dilution assay	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-09, Volume: 14, Issue:3	Bile acid amides derived from chiral amino alcohols: novel antimicrobials and antifungals.
AID1525092	Antimicrobial activity against Mucor hiemalis DSM 2656 by serial dilution assay	2019	Journal of natural products, 05-24, Volume: 82, Issue:5	Sesquiterpenes from an Eastern African Medicinal Mushroom Belonging to the Genus Sanghuangporus.
AID501855	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus food isolate after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID666950	Antifungal activity Aspergillus niger NCIM 545 at 100 ug/disc by agar-well diffusion assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	Hybrids of ravuconazole: synthesis and biological evaluation.
AID1349906	Antimicrobial activity against Mucor plumbeus MUCL 49355 after 16 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2018	Journal of natural products, 02-23, Volume: 81, Issue:2	Cysteine-Derived Pleurotin Congeners from the Nematode-Trapping Basidiomycete Hohenbuehelia grisea.
AID54864	Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans was determined by twofold Micro-broth dilution assay; No data	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-09, Volume: 14, Issue:3	Bile acid amides derived from chiral amino alcohols: novel antimicrobials and antifungals.
AID1616895	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans DSM 1665 incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID477104	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus megaterium MTCC 1684 at 10 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID1608439	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180	Role of sulphur-heterocycles in medicinal chemistry: An update.
AID1608442	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180	Role of sulphur-heterocycles in medicinal chemistry: An update.
AID429835	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium resinae at 100 IU	2009	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 72, Issue:6	Phenylphenalenones from the Australian plant Haemodorum simplex.
AID477098	Antimicrobial activity against Proteus vulgaris MTCC 1771 at 10 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID574248	Antifungal activity against 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells by XTT reduction assay	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID376881	Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici ITEM 1462 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID383157	Antifungal activity against Fusarium moniliforme YM3067 after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2008	Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 71, Issue:4	Ten-membered lactones from Phomopsis sp., an endophytic fungus of Azadirachta indica.
AID486965	Antifungal activity against Sporothrix schenckii after 72 hrs by micro broth dilution method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 45, Issue:6	'On water' assisted synthesis and biological evaluation of nitrogen and sulfur containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID1173801	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans by agar well diffusion method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 22, Issue:23	Antioxidant and antimicrobial studies on fused-ring pyrazolones and isoxazolones.
AID1866149	Antifungal activity against Pichia anomala DSM 6766 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth incubated for overnight by serial dilution method
AID338056	Antifungal activity against Penicillium expansum ATCC 7861 after 3 days by microdilution assay
AID501847	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli food isolate after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID244837	Minimum inhibitory concentration against Aspergillus niger	2005	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 15, Issue:7	Enhancement in antimicrobial activity of 2-(phenyl)-3-(2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazolyl)-5-butylate isoxazolidine.
AID1595116	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus assessed as inhibition zone at 1 ug/ml incubated for 24 to 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 170	Tetrazole hybrids and their antifungal activities.
AID434361	Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans after 72 hrs by broth microdilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 44, Issue:8	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel nitrogen and sulfur containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID1729775	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 10 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID447223	Antifungal activity against Hanseniaspora guilliermondii DSM 3432 at 100 ug after 72 hrs by agar disk diffusion assay	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and DNA binding of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID465606	Antibacterial activity against chloramphenicol-resistant Salmonella typhi LMP 706 after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method	2010	Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 73, Issue:2	Pycnanthulignenes A-D, antimicrobial cyclolignene derivatives from the roots of Pycnanthus angolensis.
AID1240035	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger MTCC 281 assessed as concentration required to completely destroy test microorganisms after 24 hrs	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17	Novel 5-functionalized-pyrazoles: Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological screening.
AID395380	Antifungal activity against Debaryomyces hansenii DSM 70238 at 1 ug after 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID1055472	Antifungal activity against Hormoconis resinae DSM 1203 assessed as growth inhibition	2013	Journal of natural products, Nov-22, Volume: 76, Issue:11	Gymnopalynes A and B, chloropropynyl-isocoumarin antibiotics from cultures of the basidiomycete Gymnopus sp.
AID289245	Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 15, Issue:18	Utility of 6-amino-2-thiouracil as a precursor for the synthesis of bioactive pyrimidine derivatives.
AID674913	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus clavatus MTCC 1323	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 22, Issue:17	Green synthesis and anti-infective activities of fluorinated pyrazoline derivatives.
AID454156	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli MTCC 1650 at 30 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 17, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of pyrazole chalcones as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
AID202687	Compound was tested for the antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (IAM4861) at a concentration of 10 ug/disk; zone of inhibition was measured after 48 hr incubation.	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Remarkable influence of the aromatic substructure in 9-methoxystrobilurin derivatives on their antifungal activity.
AID1079937	Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID1155375	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium sphaerospermum after 48 hrs	2014	Journal of natural products, Jun-27, Volume: 77, Issue:6	Antifungal and cytotoxic 2-acylcyclohexane-1,3-diones from Peperomia alata and P. trineura.
AID379200	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium cucumerinum DSM 62122 at 5 ug/disk after 24 hrs by agar diffusion assay	2006	Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 69, Issue:11	Kahalalide derivatives from the Indian sacoglossan mollusk Elysia grandifolia.
AID376014	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans at 100 ug after 18 hrs by agar diffusion test	1999	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Antibacterial diterpenoid acids from Azorella compacta.
AID395589	Antifungal activity against Fusarium moniliforme after 48 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis of new series of 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,2-oxazines via hetero Diels-Alder reaction and evaluation of antimicrobial activity.
AID37583	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Pyrido[3,4-e]-1,2,4-triazines and related heterocycles as potential antifungal agents.
AID501858	Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID360866	Antifungal activity against Cladosporium cucumerinum assessed as minimum concentration required to inhibit fungal growth after 2 to 3 days by bioautographic TLC assay	2001	Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 64, Issue:6	Five new prenylated stilbenes from the root bark of Lonchocarpus chiricanus.
AID613616	Antibacterial activity against 10'8 CFU/mL Candida albicans MTCC 227 by NCCLS M100-S12(M7) broth microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinolines and their pyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial and antituberculosis agents.
AID338388	Antimicrobial activity against Cladosporium resinae at 100 units
AID515266	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 at 20 ug/ml after 48 hrs by cup plate method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 45, Issue:10	Anti-tubercular agents. Part 5: synthesis and biological evaluation of benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide based congeners.
AID295093	Antifungal activity against Hanseniaspora guilliermondii DSM 3432 after 48 hrs by dilution method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 42, Issue:8	Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of bis[micro2-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-ethanethiolato-N,S,S-chloro-palladium(II)] dimer, [(micro2-CH2CH2NHNCC6H4)PdCl]2.C2H5OH complex.
AID613611	Antibacterial activity against 10'8 CFU/mL Streptococcus pneumoniae MTCC 1936 by NCCLS M100-S12(M7) broth microdilution method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinolines and their pyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial and antituberculosis agents.
AID574061	Antifungal activity against 10'5 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 by EUCAST method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID335131	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes 10100 at 100 units/disk by disk diffusion assay	1993	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 56, Issue:9	An antifungal bibenzyl from the New Zealand liverwort, Plagiochila stephensoniana. Bioactivity-directed isolation, synthesis, and analysis.
AID1295320	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus ATCC 23554 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI/NCCLS protocol based method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID1456556	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus MTCC 1782 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone after 4 days by agar well diffusion method
AID463958	Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata at 30 ug after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antifungal activities of 6,5 fused steroidal oxazoles in cholestane series.
AID745302	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MTCC 3008 assessed as growth inhibition after overnight incubation by NCCLS broth microdilution method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 63	Synthesis and identification of β-aryloxyquinoline based diversely fluorine substituted N-aryl quinolone derivatives as a new class of antimicrobial, antituberculosis and antioxidant agents.
AID48242	Antifungal activity against Candida rugosa	1989	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11	Pyrido[3,4-e]-1,2,4-triazines and related heterocycles as potential antifungal agents.
AID1126592	Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis at 100 U/disc at 25 degC after 48 hrs by agar well diffusion assay	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 78	Synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity evaluations of novel pyrazole carboxylic and dicarboxylic acid derivatives.
AID1729796	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 28707 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of ergosterol by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID486964	Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans after 72 hrs by micro broth dilution method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 45, Issue:6	'On water' assisted synthesis and biological evaluation of nitrogen and sulfur containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID714985	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae MYH 500 assessed as growth inhibition in presence of 30 mM sodium fluoride after 9 hrs	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Fluoride enhances the activity of fungicides that destabilize cell membranes.
AID1113106	Antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum after 4 days by microdilution method	2013	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 61, Issue:12	Isolation and characterization of new p-Terphenyls with antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities from halophilic actinomycete Nocardiopsis gilva YIM 90087.
AID358498	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae 7 assessed as concentration required to generate kill-zone of 12 mm in diameter	2001	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 64, Issue:1	Isolation, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of bioactive benzoquinones from Miconia lepidota from the Suriname rainforest.
AID447244	Antifungal activity against Kluyveromyces fragilis NRRL 2415 after 24 hrs by broth micro dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and DNA binding of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID460623	Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris MTCC 1771 at 50 ug/ml after 24 hrs agar diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 18, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological screening of a combinatorial library of beta-chlorovinyl chalcones as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
AID1729773	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 8 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID448788	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger at 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Anti-oxidant, anti-fungal and anti-leishmanial activities of novel 3-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) phenyl]prop-2-en-1-ones.
AID1272241	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus clavatus by broth micro-dilution method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3	Efficiently functionalized oxacalix[4]arenes: Synthesis, characterization and exploration of their biological profile as novel HDAC inhibitors.
AID337759	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 3110 after 48 hrs by agar dilution method
AID1456565	Antifungal activity against Scopulariopsis sp. MTCC 3553 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone after 4 days by agar well diffusion method
AID261015	Inhibitory activity against Candida krusei	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 16, Issue:4	Novel endoperoxides: synthesis and activity against Candida species.
AID379652	Antimicrobial activity against Cladosporium cucumerinum assessed as drug level causing growth inhibition on silica gel TLC plate after 24 hrs	2000	Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 63, Issue:3	Antifungal and larvicidal compounds from the root bark of Cordia alliodora.
AID625794	Antifungal activity against Candida tenuis VKM Y-70 at 0.1% after 48 to 72 hrs by diffusion technique	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12	Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel nitrogen- and sulfur-containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent antifungal and antibacterial agents.
AID501864	Antifungal activity against Acremonium chrysogenum isolates after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID1551782	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 173	Antibacterial activity study of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives.
AID1729790	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of ergosterol by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID465609	Antifungal activity against Microsporum audouinii LMP 725D after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method	2010	Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 73, Issue:2	Pycnanthulignenes A-D, antimicrobial cyclolignene derivatives from the roots of Pycnanthus angolensis.
AID269645	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 16, Issue:16	Lactones from a brown alga endophytic fungus (No. ZZF36) from the South China Sea and their antimicrobial activities.
AID1433840	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli MTCC 443 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	Synthesis and biological screening of novel 2-morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with 1,2,4-oxadiazole motifs.
AID625285	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic necrosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID648152	Antifungal activity against Trichoderma viride after 5 days by agar diffusion method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50	Design, synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activity of novel methylenebis-isoxazolo[4,5-b]azepines derivatives.
AID395395	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 48 hrs by twofold serial dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID1079947	Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID463956	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans at 30 ug after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 45, Issue:3	Synthesis, antibacterial and antifungal activities of 6,5 fused steroidal oxazoles in cholestane series.
AID625830	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21	Micelles catalyzed chemoselective synthesis 'in water' and biological evaluation of oxygen containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potential antifungal agents.
AID1139023	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans MTCC227 assessed as zone diameter at 100 ug/ml after 24 hrs incubation by agar diffusion as say cup method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 24, Issue:9	Environmentally benign synthesis and antimicrobial study of novel chalcogenophosphates.
AID1486829	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli MTCC 443 incubated for overnight by broth micro dilution method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-01, Volume: 25, Issue:15	1,2,4-Triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole analogues: Synthesis, MO studies, in silico molecular docking studies, antimalarial as DHFR inhibitor and antimicrobial activities.
AID574261	Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1729756	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 9 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID574604	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus 231 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID629346	Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium luteum assessed as zone of inhibition at 0.01 mg/mL after 24 hrs by stiff-plate agar-diffusion method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12	Synthesis and biological activity of novel N-cycloalkyl-(cycloalkylaryl)-2-[(3-R-2-oxo-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[2,3-c]quinazoline-6-yl)thio]acetamides.
AID1729770	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 5 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID287395	Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula rubra after 24 hrs by dilution method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Fe(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine ligand.
AID1278865	Hemolytic effect in sheep RBC assessed as release of hemoglobin at 40 ug/ml after 1 hr	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 24, Issue:6	Synthesis and evaluation of thiophene-based guanylhydrazones (iminoguanidines) efficient against panel of voriconazole-resistant fungal isolates.
AID336891	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MSU-SM 920 after 2 to 4 days
AID665062	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MTCC 3008 after 48 hrs by micro-broth dilution method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 22, Issue:11	An efficient one-pot synthesis, structure, antimicrobial and antioxidant investigations of some novel quinolyldibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepinones.
AID1586117	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 measured after overnight incubation by spectrometric method	2018	Journal of natural products, 12-28, Volume: 81, Issue:12	Isolation and Characterization of Anaephenes A-C, Alkylphenols from a Filamentous Cyanobacterium ( Hormoscilla sp., Oscillatoriales).
AID670551	Antifungal activity against Candida aaseri MTCC 1962 after 24 hrs by well diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 22, Issue:14	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of (2S,3R)-2-aminododecan-3-ol.
AID477102	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 1789 at 10 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID574605	Antifungal activity against Absidia corymbifera 272 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID456356	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli NCIB 86 after 24 hrs by agar well diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 18, Issue:1	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-quinoxalinone-3-hydrazone derivatives.
AID1595123	Antifungal activity against Trichoderma harzianum assessed as inhibition zone at 1 ug/ml incubated for 24 to 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 170	Tetrazole hybrids and their antifungal activities.
AID395586	Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum at 20 ug after 48 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis of new series of 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,2-oxazines via hetero Diels-Alder reaction and evaluation of antimicrobial activity.
AID625291	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver function tests abnormal	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1608443	Antibacterial activity against Candida albicans	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 180	Role of sulphur-heterocycles in medicinal chemistry: An update.
AID374554	Antifungal activity against Helminthosporium oryzae 2537 ICAR at 28 degC after 72 hrs	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Convenient one-pot synthesis of novel 2-substituted benzimidazoles, tetrahydrobenzimidazoles and imidazoles and evaluation of their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.
AID374546	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans IOA-109 at 37 degC after 18 to 48 hrs	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4	Convenient one-pot synthesis of novel 2-substituted benzimidazoles, tetrahydrobenzimidazoles and imidazoles and evaluation of their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.
AID501862	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9763 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID1194190	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 24 hrs by two fold serial microdilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 25, Issue:8	Studies on antimicrobial effects of four ligands and their transition metal complexes with 8-mercaptoquinoline and pyridine terminal groups.
AID511862	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans UFPEDA 1007 after 24 to 48 hrs by serial dilution method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9	Synthesis and evaluation of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and antimicrobial activities of thiosemicarbazides, 4-thiazolidinones and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles.
AID1729766	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 1 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID376875	Antifungal activity against Fusarium acuminatum ITEM 795 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID454480	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 2501 at 30 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 17, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of pyrazole chalcones as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
AID1462725	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus clavatus MTCC 1323	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20	Benzothiazole analogues: Synthesis, characterization, MO calculations with PM6 and DFT, in silico studies and in vitro antimalarial as DHFR inhibitors and antimicrobial activities.
AID1290446	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MTCC 3008 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 112	Novel morpholinoquinoline nucleus clubbed with pyrazoline scaffolds: Synthesis, antibacterial, antitubercular and antimalarial activities.
AID540095	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 18 to 20 hrs at 37degC by disc diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24	Green synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel azoles as antimicrobial agents.
AID395585	Antifungal activity against Fusarium moniliforme at 20 ug after 48 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis of new series of 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,2-oxazines via hetero Diels-Alder reaction and evaluation of antimicrobial activity.
AID395587	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus after 48 hrs by cup diffusion method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis of new series of 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,2-oxazines via hetero Diels-Alder reaction and evaluation of antimicrobial activity.
AID1112107	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus megaterium by agar diffusion test	2012	Fitoterapia, Apr, Volume: 83, Issue:3	Pyrenocines J-M: four new pyrenocines from the endophytic fungus, Phomopsis sp.
AID39527	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus determined as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration of 10 ug/disk (expt 2)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-22, Volume: 11, Issue:20	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of 9-methoxystrobilurin L as the originally proposed 1,4-benzodioxan structure.
AID476947	Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6268 after 48 hrs by browth microdilution assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of some thiourea derivatives bearing benzothiazole moiety as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID376880	Antifungal activity against Penicillium verrucosum ITEM 439 at 15 ug/disk by paper disk method	2000	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 63, Issue:8	Biological characterization of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, two bioactive secondary metabolites of Fusarium semitectum.
AID1525192	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans DSM 1665 by serial dilution method	2019	Journal of natural products, 05-24, Volume: 82, Issue:5	Kenalactams A-E, Polyene Macrolactams Isolated from Nocardiopsis CG3.
AID568830	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 at 25 ug/ml by agar diffusion method	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 46, Issue:2	Synthesis of 4H-chromene, coumarin, 12H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives and some of their antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activities.
AID337760	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC 12301 after 48 hrs by agar dilution method
AID501199	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 442 at 100 units after 18 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 72, Issue:10	Norselic acids A-E, highly oxidized anti-infective steroids that deter mesograzer predation, from the Antarctic sponge Crella sp.
AID381187	Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans 1 after 24 to 72 hrs by disk diffusion method	1999	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 62, Issue:9	Antimicrobial and antitumor activities of mycosporulone.
AID1139685	Antimicrobial activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe DSM 70572 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID540094	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger after 18 to 20 hrs at 37degC by disc diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24	Green synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel azoles as antimicrobial agents.
AID336892	Antifungal activity against Microsporum canis after 2 to 4 days
AID260695	Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum by disk diffusion method at 10 ug/disk	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 16, Issue:4	Microwave-assisted synthesis of N-alkylated benzotriazole derivatives: antimicrobial studies.
AID1254015	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 24 hrs by microbroth double dilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 23, Issue:21	Synthesis and biological activity of amino acid derivatives of avarone and its model compound.
AID287381	Antifungal activity against Kluyveromyces fragilis after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Fe(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine ligand.
AID1487455	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 227 after 72 hrs by serial dilution method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-15, Volume: 27, Issue:16	Synthesis of novel 2-pyrazoline analogues with potent anti-inflammatory effect mediated by inhibition of phospholipase A2: Crystallographic, in silico docking and QSAR analysis.
AID456357	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIB 3756 after 24 hrs by agar well diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 18, Issue:1	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-quinoxalinone-3-hydrazone derivatives.
AID477100	Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae NCIM 2957 at 10 ug/ml after 24 hrs by agar diffusion method	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 45, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin derivatives.
AID1138642	Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides at 50 ug/disc after 2 days by disk diffusion method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Biologically active dichapetalins from Dichapetalum gelonioides.
AID625292	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) combined score	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1272239	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans by broth micro-dilution method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3	Efficiently functionalized oxacalix[4]arenes: Synthesis, characterization and exploration of their biological profile as novel HDAC inhibitors.
AID465517	Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus LMP 805 after 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method	2010	Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 73, Issue:2	Pycnanthulignenes A-D, antimicrobial cyclolignene derivatives from the roots of Pycnanthus angolensis.
AID211170	Minimum inhibitory concentration towards T. mentagrophytes; NR denotes not reported	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-08, Volume: 14, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID211170	Minimum inhibitory concentration towards T. mentagrophytes; NR denotes not reported	2004	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-07, Volume: 14, Issue:11	Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents.
AID1772160	Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 assessed as inhibition of bacterial growth incubated for 16 hrs by microdilution method
AID47080	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans determined as diameter of inhibition zone at a concentration of 10 ug/disk (expt 1)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-22, Volume: 11, Issue:20	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of 9-methoxystrobilurin L as the originally proposed 1,4-benzodioxan structure.
AID287380	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Fe(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine ligand.
AID287384	Antifungal activity against Debaryomyces hansenii after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method	2007	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 42, Issue:2	Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Fe(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine ligand.
AID670555	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 3958 after 24 hrs by well diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 22, Issue:14	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of (2S,3R)-2-aminododecan-3-ol.
AID105993	Cytotoxicity against human diploid embryotic cell line (MRC-5)	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Remarkable influence of the aromatic substructure in 9-methoxystrobilurin derivatives on their antifungal activity.
AID574612	Antifungal activity against Trichosporon beigelii 1188 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 19, Issue:4	Synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of N-substituted 6-amino-5-cyanopyrazine-2-carboxamides.
AID1194188	Antimicrobial activity against Sarcina ureae after 24 hrs by two fold serial microdilution method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 25, Issue:8	Studies on antimicrobial effects of four ligands and their transition metal complexes with 8-mercaptoquinoline and pyridine terminal groups.
AID1139648	Antimicrobial activity against Hormoconis resinae DSM 1203 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID671330	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 20, Issue:13	Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts: biological activities and potentialities to the discovery of new cheaper drugs.
AID1139686	Antimicrobial activity against Rhodotorula glutinis DSM 10134 by serial dilution method	2014	Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4	Indothiazinone, an indolyl thiazolyl ketone from a novel myxobacterium belonging to the Sorangiineae.
AID1079936	Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID337494	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis NCTC 10400 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method
AID678629	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 at 10 mg/ml after 24 hrs by disc diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 22, Issue:18	Synthesis and biological evaluation of optically active conjugated γ- and δ-lactone derivatives.
AID269644	Antibacterial activity against Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 16, Issue:16	Lactones from a brown alga endophytic fungus (No. ZZF36) from the South China Sea and their antimicrobial activities.
AID670556	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MTCC 854 after 24 hrs by well diffusion method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 22, Issue:14	Total synthesis and antifungal activity of (2S,3R)-2-aminododecan-3-ol.
AID395399	Antifungal activity against Debaryomyces hansenii DSM 70238 after 48 hrs by twofold serial dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 44, Issue:1	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic data and antimicrobial activity of mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID358501	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1353 assessed as concentration required to generate kill-zone of 12 mm in diameter after 72 hrs	2001	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 64, Issue:1	Isolation, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of bioactive benzoquinones from Miconia lepidota from the Suriname rainforest.
AID1729769	Fungicidal activity against Candida albicans isolate 4 assessed as fungal killing incubated for 48 hrs followed by plating on SD agar plate	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1295318	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI/NCCLS protocol based method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10	Novel pyrazole derivatives with oxa/thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl moieties and pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
AID454477	Antimicrobial activity against Trichoderma viride MTCC 167 at 30 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar diffusion method	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 17, Issue:24	Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of pyrazole chalcones as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
AID460622	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli MTCC 1650 at 50 ug/ml after 24 hrs agar diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 18, Issue:5	Synthesis and biological screening of a combinatorial library of beta-chlorovinyl chalcones as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
AID313243	Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans at 100 ug/disc	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 16, Issue:1	Synthesis, anti-Toxoplasma gondii and antimicrobial activities of benzaldehyde 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazones and 2-[(phenylmethylene)hydrazono]-4-oxo-3-phenyl-5-thiazolidineacetic acids.
AID666962	Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi MTCC 98 by broth microdilution method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 54	New N-arylamino biquinoline derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial, antituberculosis, and antimalarial evaluation.
AID1504832	Antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum ATCC 28188 after 72 hrs by agar dilution method	2017	Journal of natural products, 12-22, Volume: 80, Issue:12	Sulfur-Containing Aristoloxazines and Other Constituents of the Roots of Aristolochia orbicularis.
AID311363	Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria maculans IMI266355 by microdilution method	2007	Journal of natural products, Sep, Volume: 70, Issue:9	Benzaldehyde derivatives from Sarcodontia crocea.
AID447247	Antifungal activity against Hanseniaspora guilliermondii DSM 3432 after 24 hrs by broth micro dilution method	2009	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11	Synthesis, Raman, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and DNA binding of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds.
AID977602	Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM	2013	Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6	Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1616899	Antifungal activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe DSM 70572 incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID456351	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus anthracis after 24 hrs by agar well diffusion method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 18, Issue:1	Microwave assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-quinoxalinone-3-hydrazone derivatives.
AID1474166	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring severity class index	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID574271	Ratio of MIC for 10'8 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 to MIC for 10'7 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 grown as planktonic cells	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID400293	Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae after 48 hrs by twofold serial microbroth dilution assay	1996	Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 59, Issue:1	Chlorochimaphilin: a new antibiotic from Moneses uniflora.
AID1729744	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 18804 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID501861	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID1729759	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 12 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1456559	Antibacterial activity against Clostridium sporogenes NICM 2559 assessed as diameter of inhibition zone measured after 20 hrs by agar well diffusion method
AID1313276	Antimicrobial activity against Cryptococcus neoformans after 72 hrs by broth dilution method	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15	Synthesis of lignan conjugates via cyclopropanation: Antimicrobial and antioxidant studies.
AID1729797	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 28707 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of sorbitol by broth microdilution method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210	Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID501854	Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17	Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae).
AID1772166	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth incubated for 16 hrs by microdilution method
AID1690371	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ESM356-1 assessed as diameter of zone inhibition at 100 ug by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 191	Cladosins L-O, new hybrid polyketides from the endophytic fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum WBS017.
AID47084	Compound was tested for the antifungal activity against Candida albicans (IFO1594) at a concentration of 10 ug/disk; zone of inhibition was measured after 48 hr incubation.	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-07, Volume: 12, Issue:19	Remarkable influence of the aromatic substructure in 9-methoxystrobilurin derivatives on their antifungal activity.
AID1061182	Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium oxysporum MTCC 284 at 50 ug/ml after 48 hrs by disc diffusion method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 24, Issue:1	Novel pyrazole integrated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
AID574266	Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans BF-1 biofilms by XTT reduction method	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1183262	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MTCC 3008 assessed as absence of visible growth after 24 to 48 hrs by broth micro dilution method	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-12, Volume: 84	Design, synthesis and characterization of fluoro substituted novel pyrazolylpyrazolines scaffold and their pharmacological screening.
AID1808217	Hemolytic activity in human RBC at 0.25 mg/ml measured after 1 hr	2022	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-10, Volume: 13, Issue:2	Water-Soluble Nystatin and Derivative.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	1743 (53.45)	18.7374
1990's	465 (14.26)	18.2507
2000's	493 (15.12)	29.6817
2010's	460 (14.11)	24.3611
2020's	100 (3.07)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	246 (6.86%)	5.53%
Reviews	152 (4.24%)	6.00%
Case Studies	198 (5.52%)	4.05%
Observational	3 (0.08%)	0.25%
Other	2,986 (83.29%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.	2.91	4	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde [no description available]	3.31	1	0	hydroxybenzaldehyde	EC 1.14.17.1 (dopamine beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
aminolevulinic acid Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.	2.6	1	0	4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; amino acid zwitterion; delta-amino acid	antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.	2.42	2	0	monocarboxylic acid	antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent
acetone methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H).	3.06	5	0	ketone body; methyl ketone; propanones; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; polar aprotic solvent
adenine [no description available]	3.57	9	0	6-aminopurines; purine nucleobase	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ammonium hydroxide azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2.	4.04	3	1	azane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; NMR chemical shift reference compound; nucleophilic reagent; refrigerant
quinacrine Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.	1.93	1	0	acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
benzaldehyde [no description available]	3.31	1	0	benzaldehydes	EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; fragrance; odorant receptor agonist; plant metabolite
benzene [no description available]	1.94	1	0	aromatic annulene; benzenes; volatile organic compound	carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; non-polar solvent
benzoic acid Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.	1.96	1	0	benzoic acids	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
betaine glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.	3.59	2	0	amino-acid betaine; glycine derivative	fundamental metabolite
bromide Bromides: Salts of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with the bromine atom in the 1- oxidation state. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	2.65	3	0	halide anion; monoatomic bromine
1-butanol 1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes.	1.96	1	0	alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent
butyric acid Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group.	1.98	1	0	fatty acid 4:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	human urinary metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
carbamates [no description available]	2.68	3	0	amino-acid anion
carnitine [no description available]	2.46	2	0	amino-acid betaine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).	2.55	2	0	alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound	bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas
choline [no description available]	2.87	4	0	cholines	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.	7.01	76	1	halide anion; monoatomic chlorine	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms.	2.37	2	0	chlorine molecular entity; gas molecular entity; hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride	mouse metabolite
coumarin 2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative	2.07	1	0	coumarins	fluorescent dye; human metabolite; plant metabolite
salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).	2.37	2	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite
3-cresol 3-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. m-cresol : A cresol with the methyl substituent at position 3. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene.	1.98	1	0	cresol	human xenobiotic metabolite
octane Octanes: Eight-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.. octane : A straight chain alkane composed of 8 carbon atoms.	2.06	1	0	alkane	xenobiotic
gallic acid gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.	2.47	2	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
octanoic acid octanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1764. octanoic acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens of a terminal methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. Octanoic acid is also known as caprylic acid.	1.98	1	0	medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	antibacterial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
4-aminophenol 4-aminophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-aminophenol : An amino phenol (one of the three possible isomers) which has the single amino substituent located para to the phenolic -OH group.	1.98	1	0	aminophenol	allergen; metabolite
bupropion Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	4.25	5	0	aromatic ketone; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
malic acid malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group.	1.98	1	0	2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid	food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
4-nitrobenzaldehyde 4-nitrobenzaldehyde: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-nitrobenzaldehyde : A C-nitro compound that is benzaldehyde substituted at the para-position with a nitro group.	3.31	1	0	benzaldehydes; C-nitro compound
aminocaproic acid Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.	3.56	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; epsilon-amino acid; omega-amino fatty acid	antifibrinolytic drug; hematologic agent; metabolite
cytosine [no description available]	7.13	16	2	aminopyrimidine; pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	4.79	7	1	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.	3.57	9	0	sulfoxide; volatile organic compound	alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger
ethanolamine [no description available]	2.06	1	0	ethanolamines; primary alcohol; primary amine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy	2.65	3	0	aldehyde; one-carbon compound	allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
formamide formimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is formic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.. primary carboxamide : A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with ammonia; formula RC(=O)NH2.	1.98	1	0	carboximidic acid; formamides; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound	solvent
glycine [no description available]	3.38	7	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical
glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.	5.5	16	1	alditol; triol	algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent
hydrogen carbonate Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.. hydrogencarbonate : The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid.	3.22	6	0	carbon oxoanion	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
histamine [no description available]	3.48	8	0	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.	2.64	3	0	elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity	antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite
iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge..	3.55	9	0	diatomic iodine	nutrient
dihydroxyphenylalanine Dihydroxyphenylalanine: A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific.. dopa : A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring.	1.95	1	0	hydroxyphenylalanine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; tyrosine derivative	human metabolite
kynurenine Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.. kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group.	1.94	1	0	aromatic ketone; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; substituted aniline	human metabolite
malonic acid malonic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.. dicarboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid containing two carboxy groups.	1.98	1	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid	human metabolite
methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.	3.08	5	0	alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound	amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
inositol Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration.	1.94	1	0	cyclitol; hexol
melatonin [no description available]	2.41	2	0	acetamides; tryptamines	anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
nickel Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28.	1.98	1	0	metal allergen; nickel group element atom	epitope; micronutrient
niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.	2.34	2	0	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor
niacin Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.	4.17	5	0	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid; vitamin B3	antidote; antilipemic drug; EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent
nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.	3.21	6	0	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species
nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	2.35	2	0	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species	human metabolite
oxalic acid Oxalic Acid: A strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid. It is not metabolized but excreted in the urine. It is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.. oxalic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2.	2.02	1	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
triphosphoric acid triphosphoric acid: used as water softener, peptizing agent, emulsifier & dispersing agent; ingredient of cleansers; meat preservative; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.77	2	1	acyclic phosphorus acid anhydride; phosphorus oxoacid
phenylpyruvic acid phenylpyruvic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. phenylpyruvate : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from deprotonation of the carboxy group of either keto- or enol-phenylpyruvic acid.. keto-phenylpyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is 3-phenylpropanoic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 2. It is an intermediate metabolite in the phenylalanine pathway.	1.98	1	0	2-oxo monocarboxylic acid	chromogenic compound; EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
phthalic acid phthalic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7178. phthalic acid : A benzenedicarboxylic acid cosisting of two carboxy groups at ortho positions.	1.93	1	0	benzenedicarboxylic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite
1-propanol 1-Propanol: A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.. propan-1-ol : The parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.64	3	0	propan-1-ols; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	metabolite; protic solvent
propionic acid propionic acid : A short-chain saturated fatty acid comprising ethane attached to the carbon of a carboxy group.	1.97	1	0	saturated fatty acid; short-chain fatty acid	antifungal drug
putrescine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	alkane-alpha,omega-diamine	antioxidant; fundamental metabolite
pyrazinamide pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.	3.87	3	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia; pyrazines	antitubercular agent; prodrug
pyridoxal phosphate Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal.	2.06	1	0	methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; pyridinecarbaldehyde; vitamin B6 phosphate	coenzyme; cofactor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxine 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).	3.23	1	0	hydroxymethylpyridine; methylpyridines; monohydroxypyridine; vitamin B6	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thiosulfates Thiosulfates: Inorganic salts of thiosulfuric acid possessing the general formula R2S2O3.. thiosulfate(2-) : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from thiosulfuric acid.	1.95	1	0	divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion	human metabolite
sulfites Sulfites: Inorganic salts of sulfurous acid.. sulfites : Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.. organosulfonate oxoanion : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid.. sulfite : A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3).	2.34	2	0	divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion
spermidine [no description available]	2.39	2	0	polyazaalkane; triamine	autophagy inducer; fundamental metabolite; geroprotector
spermine [no description available]	2.4	2	0	polyazaalkane; tetramine	antioxidant; fundamental metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
sulfuric acid sulfuric acid : A sulfur oxoacid that consists of two oxo and two hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central sulfur atom.	1.96	1	0	sulfur oxoacid	catalyst
sulfur dioxide Sulfur Dioxide: A highly toxic, colorless, nonflammable gas. It is used as a pharmaceutical aid and antioxidant. It is also an environmental air pollutant.	1.96	1	0	sulfur oxide	Escherichia coli metabolite; food bleaching agent; refrigerant
taurine [no description available]	2.89	4	0	amino sulfonic acid; zwitterion	antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient; radical scavenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thiophane [no description available]	2.03	1	0	saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent; tetrahydrothiophenes
thiamine thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.	3.23	1	0	primary alcohol; vitamin B1	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thymine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.	2.86	4	0	methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound	cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8.	1.94	1	0	uric acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.	5.35	14	1	isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate: The D-enantiomer is a potent and specific antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). The L form is inactive at NMDA receptors but may affect the AP4 (2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate; APB) excitatory amino acid receptors.	2.02	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	NMDA receptor antagonist
alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid: An IBOTENIC ACID homolog and glutamate agonist. The compound is the defining agonist for the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, AMPA). It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies.	2.4	2	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
gallopamil Gallopamil: Coronary vasodilator that is an analog of iproveratril (VERAPAMIL) with one more methoxy group on the benzene ring.	1.96	1	0	benzenes; organic amino compound
sk&f-38393 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine: A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.. 1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8.. SKF 38393 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-SKF 38393	1.98	1	0	benzazepine; catechols; secondary amino compound
menthol Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.	2.15	1	0	p-menthane monoterpenoid; secondary alcohol	volatile oil component
mandelic acid SAMMA: mandelic acid condensation polymer	1.94	1	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; benzenes	antibacterial agent; human xenobiotic metabolite
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8.	2.35	2	0	aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid	fluorescent probe
hoe 33342 BXI-72: structure in first source	2.46	2	0	bibenzimidazole; N-methylpiperazine	fluorochrome
2,4-dinitrophenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions.	2.88	4	0	dinitrophenol	allergen; antiseptic drug; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; geroprotector; oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor
mercaptoethanol Mercaptoethanol: A water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation.	2.36	2	0	alkanethiol; primary alcohol	geroprotector
4-aminopyridine [no description available]	3.09	5	0	aminopyridine; aromatic amine	avicide; orphan drug; potassium channel blocker
phenytoin [no description available]	4.25	5	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
5-dimethylamiloride 5-dimethylamiloride: has anti-HIV-1 activity	1.99	1	0
ethylisopropylamiloride ethylisopropylamiloride: structure in first source. ethylisopropylamiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the amino substitutent of the pyrazine ring that is adjacent to the chloro substituent has been substituted by an ethyl group and by an isopropyl group.	3.25	6	0	aromatic amine; guanidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazines; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; neuroprotective agent; sodium channel blocker
oxyquinoline Oxyquinoline: An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.. quinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8. Its fungicidal properties are used for the control of grey mould on vines and tomatoes.	2.37	2	0	monohydroxyquinoline	antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug; iron chelator
tacrine Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	2.74	3	0	acridines; aromatic amine	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
acebutolol Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.	3.56	2	0	aromatic amide; ethanolamines; ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympathomimetic agent
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	3.56	2	0	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
acetazolamide Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)	3.75	3	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	anticonvulsant; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetohydroxamic acid acetohydroxamic acid: urease inhibitor. oxime : Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.. N-hydroxyacetimidic acid : A carbohydroximic acid consisting of acetimidic acid having a hydroxy group attached to the imide nitrogen.. acetohydroxamic acid : A member of the class of acetohydroxamic acids that is acetamide in which one of the amino hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group.	3.56	2	0	acetohydroxamic acids; carbohydroximic acid	algal metabolite; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
acridone acridone : A member of the class of acridines that is 9,10-dihydroacridine substituted by an oxo group at position 9.	2.02	1	0	acridines; cyclic ketone
alaproclate alaproclate: specific 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitors; RN given refers to (DL)-isomer	3.59	2	0	alpha-amino acid ester
albendazole [no description available]	3.23	1	0	aryl sulfide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	anthelminthic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
albuterol Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).	3.85	3	0	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
alendronate alendronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups.	3.85	3	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); primary amino compound	bone density conservation agent; EC 2.5.1.1 (dimethylallyltranstransferase) inhibitor
alfuzosin alfuzosin: structure given in first source	3.23	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; quinazolines; tetrahydrofuranol	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent
alosetron alosetron : A pyrido[4,3-b]indole compound having a 5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl group at the 2-position.	3.23	1	0	imidazoles; pyridoindole	antiemetic; gastrointestinal drug; serotonergic antagonist
alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate: specific inhibitor of pyruvate transport in rat liver mitochondria & human erythrocytes; structure	1.98	1	0
alprazolam Alprazolam: A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238). alprazolam : A member of the class of triazolobenzodiazepines that is 4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine carrying methyl, phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 1, 6 and 8 respectively. Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have taken this drug.	3.56	2	0	organochlorine compound; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant; sedative; xenobiotic
altretamine Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.	3.85	3	0	triamino-1,3,5-triazine
amantadine amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source	5.19	8	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	analgesic; antiparkinson drug; antiviral drug; dopaminergic agent; NMDA receptor antagonist; non-narcotic analgesic
ambenonium ambenonium : A symmetrical oxalamide-based bis-quaternary ammonium ion having ethyl and 2-chlorobenzyl groups attached to the nitrogens.	3.23	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
ambroxol Ambroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.	1.94	1	0	aromatic amine
diatrizoic acid Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.	3.23	1	0	acetamides; benzoic acids; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
amifostine anhydrous Amifostine: A phosphorothioate proposed as a radiation-protective agent. It causes splenic vasodilation and may block autonomic ganglia.. amifostine : An organic thiophosphate that is the S-phospho derivative of 2-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol. A prodrug for the free thiol, WR-1065, which is used as a cytoprotectant in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy.	3.85	3	0	diamine; organic thiophosphate	antioxidant; prodrug; radiation protective agent
aminoglutethimide Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.	2.02	1	0	dicarboximide; piperidones; substituted aniline	adrenergic agent; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
p-aminohippuric acid p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow.	3.86	3	0	N-acylglycine	Daphnia magna metabolite
theophylline [no description available]	4.36	6	0	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
amiodarone Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.	4.26	5	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone; organoiodine compound; tertiary amino compound	cardiovascular drug
amitriptyline Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.	4.07	4	0	carbotricyclic compound; tertiary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist; xenobiotic
amlexanox amlexanox: SRA-A antagonist;structure given in first source. amlexanox : A pyridochromene-derived monocarboxylic acid having an amino substituent at the 2-position, an oxo substituent at the 5-position and an isopropyl substituent at the 7-position.	2.02	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; pyridochromene	anti-allergic agent; anti-ulcer drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
amlodipine Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.	3.56	2	0	dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
amoxapine Amoxapine: The N-demethylated derivative of the antipsychotic agent LOXAPINE that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, or both; it also blocks dopamine receptors. Amoxapine is used for the treatment of depression.. amoxapine : A dibenzooxazepine compound having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 11-position.	3.56	2	0	dibenzooxazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; dopaminergic antagonist; geroprotector; serotonin uptake inhibitor
anastrozole [no description available]	3.56	2	0	nitrile; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.	2.04	1	0	pyrazolone	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
apraclonidine apraclonidine: relieves postoperative intraocular pressure following trabeculoplasty; RN given refers to parent cpd. apraclonidine : An imidazoline that is 2-amino 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazoline in which one of the exocyclic amino hydrogens has been replaced by a 4-amino-2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	2.02	1	0	dichlorobenzene; guanidines; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antiglaucoma drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; diagnostic agent; ophthalmology drug
aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.	5.3	10	0	benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates	anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent
astemizole Astemizole: Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.. astemizole : A piperidine compound having a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the 1-position and an N-[(4-fluorobenzyl)benzimidazol-2-yl]amino group at the 4-position.	2.73	3	0	benzimidazoles; piperidines	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; H1-receptor antagonist
atenolol Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.	3.85	3	0	ethanolamines; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; sympatholytic agent; xenobiotic
azathioprine Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.	5.84	7	1	aryl sulfide; C-nitro compound; imidazoles; thiopurine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
azelaic acid nonanedioic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is heptane substituted at positions 1 and 7 by carboxy groups.	2.02	1	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; plant metabolite
azelastine azelastine: azeptin is azelastine hydrochloride; structure; eye drop formulation effective in relieving symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis; do not confuse with 5-loxin which is an extract of Boswellia. azelastine : A phthalazine compound having an oxo substituent at the 1-position, a 1-methylazepan-4-yl group at the 2-position and a 4-chlorobenzyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.02	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; phthalazines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
aztreonam Aztreonam: A monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It is resistant to beta-lactamases and is used in gram-negative infections, especially of the meninges, bladder, and kidneys. It may cause a superinfection with gram-positive organisms.. aztreonam : A synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic (monobactam), used primarily to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. It inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thereby blocking peptidoglycan crosslinking.	2.44	2	0
azepexole [no description available]	1.97	1	0
baclofen [no description available]	3.56	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant
bay-k-8644 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester: A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.. Bay-K-8644 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-Bay-K-8644. methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A pentasubstituted dihydropyridine carrying methoxycarbonyl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and nitro substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 respectively as well as two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6.	2.68	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
bendazac bendazac : A monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts.	3.59	2	0	indazoles; monocarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger
bendroflumethiazide Bendroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810). bendroflumethiazide : A sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group.	3.23	1	0	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
benzbromarone Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication.	4.08	4	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone	uricosuric drug
benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.	2.13	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite
benzocaine Benzocaine: A surface anesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along NERVE FIBERS and at NERVE ENDINGS.. dextran sulfate sodium : An organic sodium salt of dextran sulfate. It induces colitis in mice.. benzocaine : A benzoate ester having 4-aminobenzoic acid as the acid component and ethanol as the alcohol component. A surface anaesthetic, it is used to suppress the gag reflex, and as a lubricant and topical anaesthetic on the larynx, mouth, nasal cavity, respiratory tract, oesophagus, rectum, urinary tract, and vagina.	2.07	1	0	benzoate ester; substituted aniline	allergen; antipruritic drug; sensitiser; topical anaesthetic
bepridil Bepridil: A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.. bepridil : A tertiary amine in which the substituents on nitrogen are benzyl, phenyl and 3-(2-methylpropoxy)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl.	2.02	1	0	pyrrolidines; tertiary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
berberine [no description available]	2.43	2	0	alkaloid antibiotic; berberine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite; potassium channel blocker
5-methoxypsoralen 5-Methoxypsoralen: A linear furanocoumarin that has phototoxic and anti-inflammatory properties, with effects similar to METHOXSALEN. It is used in PUVA THERAPY for the treatment of PSORIASIS.. 5-methoxypsoralen : A 5-methoxyfurocoumarin that is psoralen substituted by a methoxy group at position 5.	2.03	1	0	5-methoxyfurocoumarin; organic heterotricyclic compound; psoralens	hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
betaxolol [no description available]	3.56	2	0	propanolamine	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
bethanechol Bethanechol: A slowly hydrolyzing muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, HEART RATE changes, and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. bethanechol : The carbamic acid ester of 2-methylcholine. A slowly hydrolysed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects, it is used as its chloride salt to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the gastrointestinal tract following abdominal surgery, treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and as an alternative to catheterisation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention.	3.59	2	0	carbamate ester; quaternary ammonium ion	muscarinic agonist
bicalutamide bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.	3.85	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; monofluorobenzenes; nitrile; sulfone; tertiary alcohol
bay h 4502 bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.	2.46	2	0	biphenyls; imidazoles
biperiden Biperiden: A muscarinic antagonist that has effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine.. biperiden : A member of the class of piperidines that is N-propylpiperidine in which the methyl hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy, phenyl, and 5-norbornen-2-yl groups. A muscarinic antagonist affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, it is used in the treatment of all forms of Parkinson's disease.	3.59	2	0	piperidines; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antidote to sarin poisoning; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
bisacodyl Bisacodyl: A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
bisindolylmaleimide i bisindolylmaleimide I: a bis(indolyl)maleimide	2	1	0
bisoprolol Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.	3.85	3	0	secondary alcohol; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
brimonidine [no description available]	2.02	1	0	imidazoles; quinoxaline derivative; secondary amine	adrenergic agonist; alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent
bromazepam Bromazepam: One of the BENZODIAZEPINES that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.	2.1	1	0	organic molecular entity
bumetanide [no description available]	4.88	11	0	amino acid; benzoic acids; sulfonamide	diuretic; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
buspirone Buspirone: An anxiolytic agent and serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the BENZODIAZAPINES, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.. buspirone : An azaspiro compound that is 8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 4-(piperazin-1-yl)butyl group which in turn is substituted by a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the N(4) position.	4.08	4	0	azaspiro compound; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organic heteropolycyclic compound; piperidones; pyrimidines	anxiolytic drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; sedative; serotonergic agonist
busulfan [no description available]	4.01	4	0	methanesulfonate ester	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; insect sterilant; teratogenic agent
secbutabarbital secbutabarbital: Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital) should be distinguished from Butobarbital	3.23	1	0	barbiturates
butenafine butenafine: studied on experimental dermatophytosis. butenafine : Trimethylamine in which hydrogen atoms attached to different methyl groups are substituted by 1-naphthyl and 4-tert-butylphenyl groups. It is an inhibitor of squalene epoxidase, an enzyme responsible for the creation of sterols needed in fungal cell membranes, and is used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of dermatological fungal infections.	2.02	1	0	naphthalenes; tertiary amine	antifungal drug; EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor
caffeine [no description available]	4.96	12	0	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	4.51	7	0	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound
candesartan candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.	3.6	2	0	benzimidazolecarboxylic acid; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.	4.42	6	0	dibenzoazepine; ureas	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic
carbinoxamine carbinoxamine: Note: tradenames that start with Histex refer to more than one drug. carbinoxamine : An organochlorine compound that is 2-(4-chlorobenzyl)pyridine in which one of the benzylic hydrogens is substituted by 2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy group. It is an ethanolamine-type antihistamine, used as its maleate salt for treating hay fever, as well as mild cases of Parkinson's disease.	3.59	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
carisoprodol Carisoprodol: A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202). carisoprodol : A carbamate ester that is the mono-N-isopropyl derivative of meprobamate (which is a significant metabolite). Carisoprodol interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception. It is used as a muscle relaxant in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.	3.23	1	0	carbamate ester	muscle relaxant
carmustine Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.	2.44	2	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
carteolol Carteolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used as an anti-arrhythmia agent, an anti-angina agent, an antihypertensive agent, and an antiglaucoma agent.	2.02	1	0	quinolone; secondary alcohol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
carvedilol [no description available]	3.56	2	0	carbazoles; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone: A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.. CCCP : A member of the class of monochlorobenzenes that is benzene substituted by 2-(1,3-dinitrilopropan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl and chloro groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a mitochondrial depolarizing agent that induces reactive oxygen species mediated cell death.	3.68	10	0	hydrazone; monochlorobenzenes; nitrile	antibacterial agent; geroprotector; ionophore
cefuroxime Cefuroxime: Broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase. It has been proposed for infections with gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, GONORRHEA, and HAEMOPHILUS.. cefuroxime : A 3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin compound having a 7-(2Z)-2-(furan-2-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido side chain.	2.39	2	0	carbamate ester; cephalosporin
celecoxib [no description available]	4.78	5	0	organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide; toluenes	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cetirizine Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.	3.85	3	0	ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; piperazines	anti-allergic agent; environmental contaminant; H1-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
cetyltrimethylammonium ion Cetrimonium: Cetyltrimethylammonium compound whose salts and derivatives are used primarily as topical antiseptics.. cetyltrimethylammonium ion : A quaternary ammonium ion in which the substituents on nitrogen are one hexadecyl and three methyl groups.	2	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion
chelerythrine chelerythrine : A benzophenanthridine alkaloid isolated from the root of Zanthoxylum simulans, Chelidonium majus L., and other Papaveraceae.	2.72	3	0	benzophenanthridine alkaloid; organic cation	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
chlorambucil Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.	3.48	2	0	aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
chlorcyclizine chlorcyclizine: was heading 1964-94 (Prov 1964-73); CHLOROCYCLIZINE & HISTACHLORAZINE were see CHLORCYCLIZINE 1977-94; use PIPERAZINES to search CHLORCYCLIZINE 1966-94; histamine H1-blocker used both orally and topically in allergies and also for the prevention of motion sickness	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
chlordiazepoxide Chlordiazepoxide: An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.. chlordiazepoxide : A benzodiazepine that is 3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a phenyl group at position 5 and a methylamino group at position 2.	3.23	1	0	benzodiazepine
chlormezanone Chlormezanone: A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.. chlormezanone : A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions.	3.85	3	0	1,3-thiazine; lactam; monochlorobenzenes; sulfone	antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; muscle relaxant
chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.	5.39	18	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug
chlorothiazide Chlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812). thiazide : Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.. chlorothiazide : 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position is substituted by chlorine and that at position 7 is substituted by a sulfonamide group. A diuretic, it is used for treatment of oedema and hypertension.	3.53	2	0	benzothiadiazine	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
chlorpheniramine Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.	3.23	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidepressant; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.	7.45	34	0	organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.	3.59	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
chlorthalidone Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.	3.23	1	0	isoindoles; monochlorobenzenes; sulfonamide
chlorzoxazone Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.	4.25	5	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; heteroaryl hydroxy compound; organochlorine compound	muscle relaxant; sedative
6-hydroxychlorzoxazone 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone: chlorzoxazone metabolite in humans	2	1	0	benzoxazole
ciclopirox [no description available]	2.9	4	0	cyclic hydroxamic acid; hydroxypyridone antifungal drug; pyridone	antibacterial agent; antiseborrheic
cilostazol [no description available]	3.23	1	0	lactam; tetrazoles	anticoagulant; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; fibrin modulating drug; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.	4.48	7	0	aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile	adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
eucalyptol [no description available]	2.41	1	0
cinoxacin Cinoxacin: Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.. cinoxacin : A member of the class of cinnolines that is 6,7-methylenedioxycinnolin-4(1H)-one bearing an ethyl group at position 1 and a carboxylic acid group at position 3. An analogue of oxolinic acid, it has similar antibacterial actions. It was formerly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.	2.02	1	0	cinnolines; oxacycle; oxo carboxylic acid	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent
ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.	7.03	39	0	aminoquinoline; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; environmental contaminant; topoisomerase IV inhibitor; xenobiotic
cisapride Cisapride: A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). cisapride : The amide resulting from formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with cis-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-methoxypiperidin-4-amine. It has been used (as its monohydrate or as its tartrate) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and for non-ulcer dyspepsia, but its propensity to cause cardiac arrhythmias resulted in its complete withdrawal from many countries, including the U.K., and restrictions on its use elsewhere.	2.02	1	0	benzamides
citalopram Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.	3.23	1	0	2-benzofurans; cyclic ether; nitrile; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound
clioquinol Clioquinol: A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.. 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by chlorine and iodine, respectively. It has antibacterial and atifungal properties, and is used in creams for the treatment of skin infections. It has also been investigated as a chelator of copper and zinc ions for the possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	4.81	4	2	monohydroxyquinoline; organochlorine compound; organoiodine compound	antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; chelator; copper chelator
clofazimine Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.	2.02	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; phenazines	dye; leprostatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clofibrate angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate	3.59	2	0	aromatic ether; ethyl ester; monochlorobenzenes	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; geroprotector; PPARalpha agonist
clofilium clofilium: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.99	1	0	benzenes; organic amino compound
clomiphene [no description available]	3.23	1	0	tertiary amine	estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
clomipramine Clomipramine: A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.. clomipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.	3.56	2	0	dibenzoazepine	anticoronaviral agent; antidepressant; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist; serotonergic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
clonazepam Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.. clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.	3.23	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; monochlorobenzenes	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
clonidine Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	4.06	4	0	clonidine; imidazoline
chlorazepate clorazepic acid : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone in which the oxo group is at position 2, and which is substituted at positions 3, 5, and 7 by carboxy, phenyl and chloro groups, respectively.	3.56	2	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator; prodrug
clotrimazole [no description available]	13.89	118	25	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes	antiinfective agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cyclobenzaprine cyclobenzaprine: RN given refers to parent cpd; Lisseril is synonymous for HCl; structure. cyclobenzaprine : 5-Methylidene-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene in which one of the hydrogens of the methylidene group is substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.	3.56	2	0	carbotricyclic compound	antidepressant; muscle relaxant; tranquilizing drug
cyclofenil Cyclofenil: A gonadal stimulant and inducer of ovulation. It is used in the treatment of infertility and amenorrhea, but is thought to be less effective than CLOMIPHENE.	3.59	2	0	organic molecular entity
cyclothiazide cyclothiazide: inhibits the desensitization of AMPA-type receptors; structure. cyclothiazide : 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted at positions 3, 5 and 6 by a 2-norbornen-5-yl group, chlorine, and a sulfonamide group, respectively. A thiazide diuretic, it has been used in the management of hypertension and oedema.	2	1	0	benzothiadiazine	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
cyproheptadine Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.	3.23	1	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; gastrointestinal drug; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
dapsone [no description available]	4.37	6	0	substituted aniline; sulfone	anti-inflammatory drug; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; leprostatic drug
deferoxamine Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.	3.59	2	0	acyclic desferrioxamine	bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; iron chelator; siderophore
dequalinium Dequalinium: A topical bacteriostat that is available as various salts. It is used in wound dressings and mouth infections and may also have antifungal action, but may cause skin ulceration.. dequalinium : A quinolinium ion comprising decane in which one methyl hydrogen at each end of the molecule has been replaced by a 4-amino-2-methylquinolin-1-yl group.	3.16	1	0	quinolinium ion	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiseptic drug; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor
desipramine Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.	4.08	4	0	dibenzoazepine; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; cholinergic antagonist; drug allergen; EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
amphetamine Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.	3.23	1	0	primary amine
diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.	4.07	4	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic
diazoxide Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.	3.23	1	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfone	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; diuretic; K-ATP channel agonist; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasodilator agent
dibutyl phthalate Dibutyl Phthalate: A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.. dibutyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol. Although used extensively as a plasticiser, it is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that poses a risk to humans.	1.98	1	0	diester; phthalate ester	EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; metabolite; plasticiser; teratogenic agent
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.	4.25	5	0	amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
ddt 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source	1.94	1	0	benzenoid aromatic compound; chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	bridged diphenyl acaricide; carcinogenic agent; endocrine disruptor; persistent organic pollutant
dichlorphenamide Dichlorphenamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.. diclofenamide : A sulfonamide that is benzene-1,3-disulfonamide in which the hydrogens at positions 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorine. An oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it partially suppresses the secretion (inflow) of aqueous humor in the eye and so reduces intraocular pressure. It is used for the treatment of glaucoma.	3.23	1	0	dichlorobenzene; sulfonamide	antiglaucoma drug; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor; ophthalmology drug
dicyclomine Dicyclomine: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It does have some local anesthetic properties and is used in gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary tract spasms.. dicyclomine : The ester resulting from the formal condensation of 1-cyclohexylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid with 2-(diethylamino)ethanol. An anticholinergic, it is used as the hydrochloride to treat or prevent spasm in the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly that associated with irritable bowel syndrome.	3.23	1	0	carboxylic ester; tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
pentetic acid Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.	3.79	3	0	pentacarboxylic acid	copper chelator
diflunisal Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.	3.56	2	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid; organofluorine compound	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
dimercaprol Dimercaprol: An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.. dimercaprol : A dithiol that is propane-1,2-dithiol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. a chelating agent originally developed during World War II as an experimental antidote against the arsenic-based poison gas Lewisite, it has been used clinically since 1949 for the treatment of poisoning by arsenic, mercury and gold. It can also be used for treatment of poisoning by antimony, bismuth and possibly thallium, and (with sodium calcium edetate) in cases of acute leaad poisoning. Administration is by (painful) intramuscular injection of a suspension of dimercaprol in peanut oil, typically every 4 hours for 2-10 days depending on the toxicity. In the past, dimercaprol was also used for the treatment of Wilson's disease, a severely debilitating genetic disorder in which the body tends to retain copper, with resultant liver and brain injury.	3.23	1	0	dithiol; primary alcohol	chelator
dimethadione Dimethadione: An anticonvulsant that is the active metabolite of TRIMETHADIONE.	2	1	0	oxazolidinone
diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.	4.06	4	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; antitussive; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; oneirogen; sedative
dipivefrin dipivefrin: used in treatment of both primary & open angle glaucoma; RN given refers to (+-)-isomer. dipivefrin : The dipivalate ester of (+-)-epinephrine (racepinephrine). A pro-drug of epinephrine, the hydrochloride is used topically as eye drops to reduce intra-ocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.	2.02	1	0	ethanolamines; pivalate ester	adrenergic agonist; antiglaucoma drug; ophthalmology drug; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent
dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.	3.86	3	0	piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol	adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
disopyramide Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.	3.85	3	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram [no description available]	5.62	5	1	organic disulfide; organosulfur acaricide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; fungicide; NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.	4.25	5	0	branched-chain fatty acid; branched-chain saturated fatty acid	anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent
donepezil Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ether; indanones; piperidines; racemate	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nootropic agent
doxapram Doxapram: A central respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p1225). doxapram : A member of the class of pyrrolidin-2-ones that is N-ethylpyrrolidin-2-one in which both of the hydrogens at the 3 position (adjacent to the carbonyl group) are substituted by phenyl groups, and one of the hydrogens at the 4 position is substituted by a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride or the hydrochloride hydrate) as a temporary treatment of acute respiratory failure, particularly when superimposed on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and of postoperative respiratory depression. It has also been used for treatment of postoperative shivering.	3.23	1	0	morpholines; pyrrolidin-2-ones	central nervous system stimulant
doxazosin Doxazosin: A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker.. doxazosin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by an amino group at position 4, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a piperazin-1-yl group at position 2 which in turn is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylcarbonyl group at position 4. An antihypertensive agent, it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure.	3.85	3	0	aromatic amine; benzodioxine; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihyperplasia drug; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; vasodilator agent
doxepin Doxepin: A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.. doxepin : A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug.	3.56	2	0	dibenzooxepine; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant
doxylamine Doxylamine: Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.	3.23	1	0	pyridines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; antitussive; cholinergic antagonist; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; sedative
droperidol Droperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593). droperidol : An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon.	3.56	2	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; organofluorine compound	anaesthesia adjuvant; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
dyphylline Dyphylline: A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.. dyphylline : An oxopurine that is theophylline bearing a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group at the 7 position. It has broncho- and vasodilator properties, and is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis. It is also an ingredient in preparations that have been promoted for coughs.	3.23	1	0	oxopurine; propane-1,2-diols	bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
econazole Econazole: An imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.. econazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorobenzyl group.	8.53	27	3	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes
edrophonium Edrophonium: A rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.. edrophonium : A quaternary ammonium ion that is N-ethyl-N,N-dimethylanilinium in which one of the meta positions is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase, with a rapid onset (30-60 seconds after injection) but a short duration of action (5-15 minutes). The chloride salt is used in myasthenia gravis both diagnostically and to distinguish between under- or over-treatment with other anticholinesterases. It has also been used for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in anaesthesia, and for the management of poisoning due to tetrodotoxin, a neuromuscular blocking toxin found in puffer fish and other marine animals.	3.23	1	0	phenols; quaternary ammonium ion	antidote; diagnostic agent; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
enflurane Enflurane: An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.. enflurane : An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups.	2.4	2	0	ether; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	anaesthetic
enoxacin Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.	2.02	1	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; amino acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.	3.24	6	0
estazolam Estazolam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.. estazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a phenyl group at position 6 and a chloro substituent at position 8. A short-acting benzodiazepine with general properties similar to diazepam, it is given by mouth as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia.	3.56	2	0	triazoles; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
ethacrynic acid Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.	3.82	3	0	aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid	EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; loop diuretic
ether Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups.	1.93	1	0	ether; volatile organic compound	inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
ethosuximide Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.. ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.	3.23	1	0	dicarboximide; pyrrolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector; T-type calcium channel blocker
ethotoin ethotoin: was heading 1966-94 (see under HYDANTOINS 1966-90); use HYDANTOINS to search ETHOTOIN 1966-94. ethotoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted by ethyl and phenyl at positions 3 and 5, respectively. An antiepileptic, it is less toxic than phenytoin but also less effective.	3.23	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant
ethoxyresorufin ethoxyresorufin: structure	1.99	1	0	phenoxazine
ethylenediamine ethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; edamine is the recommended contraction for the ethylenediamine radical. ethylenediamine : An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine in which the alkane is ethane.	3.07	5	0	alkane-alpha,omega-diamine	GABA agonist
etidronate Etidronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.. etidronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is (ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) having a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces.	3.85	3	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid)	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; chelator
etodolac Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.	3.85	3	0	monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
brl 42810 [no description available]	3.56	2	0	2-aminopurines; acetate ester	antiviral drug; prodrug
carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone: A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.. carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone : A hydrazone that is hydrazonomalononitrile in which one of the hydrazine hydrogens is substituted by a p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl group.	3.58	9	0	aromatic ether; hydrazone; nitrile; organofluorine compound	ATP synthase inhibitor; geroprotector; ionophore
felbamate Felbamate: A PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA RECEPTORS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES in severe refractory EPILEPSY.. felbamate : The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy.	3.85	3	0	carbamate ester	anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent
felodipine Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.	4.07	4	0	dichlorobenzene; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
fendiline Fendiline: Coronary vasodilator; inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling; proposed as antiarrhythmic and antianginal agents.	2.46	2	0	diarylmethane
fenfluramine Fenfluramine: A centrally active drug that apparently both blocks serotonin uptake and provokes transport-mediated serotonin release.. fenfluramine : A secondary amino compound that is 1-phenyl-propan-2-amine in which one of the meta-hydrogens is substituted by trifluoromethyl, and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by an ethyl group. It binds to the serotonin reuptake pump, causing inhbition of serotonin uptake and release of serotonin. The resulting increased levels of serotonin lead to greater serotonin receptor activation which in turn lead to enhancement of serotoninergic transmission in the centres of feeding behavior located in the hypothalamus. This suppresses the appetite for carbohydrates. Fenfluramine was used as the hydrochloride for treatment of diabetes and obesity. It was withdrawn worldwide after reports of heart valve disease and pulmonary hypertension.	2.02	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; secondary amino compound	appetite depressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
fenofibrate Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE	4.26	5	0	aromatic ether; chlorobenzophenone; isopropyl ester; monochlorobenzenes	antilipemic drug; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
fenoldopam Fenoldopam: A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation.	3.52	2	0	benzazepine	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; dopamine agonist; dopaminergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
fenoprofen Fenoprofen: A propionic acid derivative that is used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent.. fenoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 3-phenoxyphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the dihydrate form of the calcium salt is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.	3.59	2	0	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fentanyl Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	2.69	3	0	anilide; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	adjuvant; anaesthesia adjuvant; anaesthetic; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
fexofenadine fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound.	4.07	4	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
fipexide fipexide: regulates dopaminergic systems at macromolecular level	3.59	2	0	benzodioxoles
flavoxate Flavoxate: A drug that has been used in various urinary syndromes and as an antispasmodic. Its therapeutic usefulness and its mechanism of action are not clear. It may have local anesthetic activity and direct relaxing effects on smooth muscle as well as some activity as a muscarinic antagonist.. flavoxate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid with 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethanol.	3.59	2	0	carboxylic ester; flavones; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
flecainide Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.. flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).	3.56	2	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; organofluorine compound; piperidines	anti-arrhythmia drug
fluconazole Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.	15.58	155	19	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	environmental contaminant; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
flucytosine Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.	11.39	79	3	aminopyrimidine; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine antifungal drug; pyrimidone	prodrug
flufenamic acid Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders.	2.68	3	0	aromatic amino acid; organofluorine compound	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluphenazine [no description available]	3.56	2	0	N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	anticoronaviral agent; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flumazenil Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.	3.56	2	0	ethyl ester; imidazobenzodiazepine; organofluorine compound	antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning; GABA antagonist
fluorescite fluorescein (acid form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent and commonly used as a fluorescent tracer.	3.58	2	0	benzoic acids; cyclic ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; phenols; xanthene dye	fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.	6.77	11	1	nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
fluoxetine Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.	4.08	4	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; secondary amino compound
fluphenazine depot fluphenazine decanoate : The prodrug of fluphenazine, an antipsychotic drug used for the symptomatic management of psychosis in patients with schizophrenia.	2.02	1	0	decanoate ester; N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; prodrug
fluphenazine enanthate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	phenothiazines
flurazepam Flurazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used mainly as a hypnotic.. flurazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group, 2-fluorophenyl group and chloro group at positions 1, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a partial agonist of GABAA receptors and used for the treatment of insomnia.	3.23	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative
flurbiprofen Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.	4.07	4	0	fluorobiphenyl; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
flutamide Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.	4.25	5	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
fomepizole Fomepizole: A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ETHYLENE GLYCOL or METHANOL.. fomepizole : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4.	3.23	1	0	pyrazoles	antidote; EC 1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase) inhibitor; protective agent
foscarnet Foscarnet: An antiviral agent used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Foscarnet also shows activity against human herpesviruses and HIV.. phosphonoformic acid : Phosphoric acid in which one of the hydroxy groups is replaced by a carboxylic acid group. It is used as the trisodium salt as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.	4.02	4	0	carboxylic acid; one-carbon compound; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; geroprotector; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; sodium-dependent Pi-transporter inhibitor
furafylline [no description available]	2.07	1	0	oxopurine
furazolidone Furazolidone: A nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activity. Furazolidone acts by gradual inhibition of monoamine oxidase. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p514). furazolidone : A member of the class of oxazolidines that is 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an N-{[(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino} group. It has antibacterial and antiprotozoal properties, and is used in the treatment of giardiasis and cholera.	1.94	1	0	nitrofuran antibiotic; oxazolidines	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antitrichomonal drug; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.	5.68	15	0	chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide	environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic
fusaric acid Fusaric Acid: A picolinic acid derivative isolated from various Fusarium species. It has been proposed for a variety of therapeutic applications but is primarily used as a research tool. Its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. It probably inhibits DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE, the enzyme that converts dopamine to norepinephrine. It may also have other actions, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis.	2	1	0	aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines
gabapentin Gabapentin: A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. gabapentin : A gamma-amino acid that is cyclohexane substituted at position 1 by aminomethyl and carboxymethyl groups. Used for treatment of neuropathic pain and restless legs syndrome.	3.56	2	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
gemfibrozil [no description available]	4.08	4	0	aromatic ether	antilipemic drug
gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.	11.85	48	15
glafenine Glafenine: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.. glafenine : A carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market.	3.59	2	0	aminoquinoline; carboxylic ester; glycol; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gliclazide Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.	2.04	1	0	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; radical scavenger
glimepiride glimepiride: structure given in first source	4.07	4	0	sulfonamide
glipizide Glipizide: An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.. glipizide : An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	4.07	4	0	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-sulfonylurea; pyrazines	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
glyburide Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.	4.62	8	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	anti-arrhythmia drug; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid (1,1-dimethyl-3-pyrrolidin-1-iumyl) ester [no description available]	3.23	1	0	benzenes
granisetron [no description available]	3.56	2	0	aromatic amide; indazoles
guaifenesin Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.	3.23	1	0	methoxybenzenes
guanethidine Guanethidine: An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.. guanethidine : A member of the class of guanidines in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a 2-azocan-1-ylethyl group.. guanethidine sulfate : A organic sulfate salt composed of two molecules of guanethidine and one of sulfuric acid.	3.59	2	0	azocanes; guanidines	adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; sympatholytic agent
guanfacine Guanfacine: A centrally acting antihypertensive agent with specificity towards ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.	3.56	2	0	acetamides
guanidine Guanidine: A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC.. guanidine : An aminocarboxamidine, the parent compound of the guanidines.	3.23	1	0	carboxamidine; guanidines; one-carbon compound
n-(2-(methylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide [no description available]	1.98	1	0	isoquinolines; sulfonamide
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine: A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.. 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine : A member of the class of N-sulfonylpiperazines that is 2-methylpiperazine substituted at position 1 by a 5-isoquinolinesulfonyl group.	1.98	1	0	isoquinolines; N-sulfonylpiperazine	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
haloperidol Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.	4.5	7	0	aromatic ketone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; tertiary alcohol	antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
halothane [no description available]	2.4	2	0	haloalkane; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
hexachlorophene Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union.	4.02	3	1	bridged diphenyl fungicide; polyphenol; trichlorobenzene	acaricide; antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug
miltefosine miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine.	3.31	1	0	phosphocholines; phospholipid	anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; apoptosis inducer; immunomodulator; protein kinase inhibitor
hexamethonium Hexamethonium: A nicotinic cholinergic antagonist often referred to as the prototypical ganglionic blocker. It is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier. It has been used for a variety of therapeutic purposes including hypertension but, like the other ganglionic blockers, it has been replaced by more specific drugs for most purposes, although it is widely used a research tool.	1.98	1	0	quaternary ammonium salt
hexetidine Hexetidine: A bactericidal and fungicidal antiseptic. It is used as a 0.1% mouthwash for local infections and oral hygiene. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797)	5.96	4	2	organic heteromonocyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
hexobarbital Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups.	1.94	1	0	barbiturates
hexylresorcinol [no description available]	3.04	1	0	resorcinols
beta-thujaplicin beta-thujaplicin: structure. beta-thujaplicin : A monoterpenoid that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and an isopropyl group at position 4. Isolated from Thuja plicata and Chamaecyparis obtusa, it exhibits antimicrobial activities.	2.02	1	0	cyclic ketone; enol; monoterpenoid	antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antiplasmodial drug; plant metabolite
hydralazine Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.	3.23	1	0	azaarene; hydrazines; ortho-fused heteroarene; phthalazines	antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	4.04	4	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
hydroflumethiazide Hydroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p822). hydroflumethiazide : A benzothiadiazine consisting of a 3,4-dihydro-HH-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine bicyclic system dioxygenated on sulfur and carrying trifluoromethyl and aminosulfonyl groups at positions 6 and 7 respectively. A diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.	3.23	1	0	benzothiadiazine; thiazide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.	3.23	1	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug
hydroxyurea [no description available]	4.25	5	0	one-carbon compound; ureas	antimetabolite; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; genotoxin; immunomodulator; radical scavenger; teratogenic agent
hydroxyzine Hydroxyzine: A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.. hydroxyzine : A N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.	3.85	3	0	hydroxyether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine	anticoronaviral agent; antipruritic drug; anxiolytic drug; dermatologic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine	5.04	7	0	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic
phenelzine Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.	3.56	2	0	primary amine
lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.	4.5	7	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic
ifosfamide [no description available]	3.85	3	0	ifosfamides	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
imipramine Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.	3.87	3	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.	3.56	2	0	bipyridines	EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
indapamide Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.	3.56	2	0	indoles; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.	6.24	19	0	aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole	analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic
iodixanol iodixanol: dimeric contrast media; structure given in first source. iodixanol : A dimeric, non-ionic, water-soluble, radiographic contrast agent, used particularly in coronary angiography.	2.02	1	0	organoiodine compound	radioopaque medium
iodoquinol Iodoquinol: One of the halogenated 8-quinolinols widely used as an intestinal antiseptic, especially as an antiamebic agent. It is also used topically in other infections and may cause CNS and eye damage. It is known by very many similar trade names world-wide.. iodoquinol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by iodine. It is considered the drug of choice for treating asymptomatic or moderate forms of amoebiasis.	3.59	1	1	monohydroxyquinoline; organoiodine compound	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiseptic drug
iohexol Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position.	2.02	1	0	benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
iopromide iopromide: structure given in first source. iopromide : A dicarboxylic acid diamide that consists of N-methylisophthalamide bearing three iodo substituents at positions 2, 4 and 6, a methoxyacetyl substituent at position 5 and two 2,3-dihydroxypropyl groups attached to the amide nitrogens. A water soluble x-ray contrast agent for intravascular administration.	2.02	1	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; organoiodine compound	environmental contaminant; nephrotoxic agent; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
ioversol [no description available]	3.56	2	0	amidobenzoic acid
iproniazid [no description available]	3.59	2	0	carbohydrazide; pyridines
avapro Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.	3.23	1	0	azaspiro compound; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively.	2.91	4	0	3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
isocarboxazid Isocarboxazid: An MAO inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in the treatment of panic disorder and the phobic disorders. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311)	3.59	2	0	benzenes
isoconazole 1-{2-[(2,6-dichlorobenzyl)oxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that carries a 2-[(2,6-dichlorobenzyl)oxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl group at position 1.. isoconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-isoconazole. A broad-spectrum antibacterial drug used (as its nitrate salt) for treatment of dermatomycoses.	5.01	5	2	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
isoflurane Isoflurane: A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.	2.4	2	0	organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
isoniazid Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).	5.57	22	0	carbohydrazide	antitubercular agent; drug allergen
isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.	4.79	10	0	catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
isoxsuprine Isoxsuprine: A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.	3.23	1	0	alkylbenzene
isradipine Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.	4.07	4	0	benzoxadiazole; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester; methyl ester
itraconazole [no description available]	5.71	10	0	piperazines
juglone juglone: structure. juglone : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. A plant-derived 1,4-naphthoquinone with confirmed antibacterial and antitumor activities.	2.03	1	0	hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone	geroprotector; herbicide; reactive oxygen species generator
ketamine Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.	3.59	2	0	cyclohexanones; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	analgesic; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	13.22	112	14	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.	4.08	4	0	benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
ketorolac Ketorolac: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its analgesic activity. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). ketorolac : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure.. 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyrrolizines that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine which is substituted at positions 1 and 5 by carboxy and benzoyl groups, respectively.	3.85	3	0	amino acid; aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; pyrrolizines; racemate	analgesic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
khellin Khellin: A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024). khellin : A furanochrome in which the basic tricyclic skeleton is substituted at positions 4 and 9 with methoxy groups and at position 7 with a methyl group. A major constituent of the plant Ammi visnaga it is a herbal folk medicine used for various illnesses, its main effect being as a vasodilator.	3.04	1	0	furanochromone; organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle	anti-asthmatic agent; bronchodilator agent; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
labetalol Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.	3.85	3	0	benzamides; benzenes; phenols; primary carboxamide; salicylamides; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
lamotrigine [no description available]	3.85	3	0	1,2,4-triazines; dichlorobenzene; primary arylamine	anticonvulsant; antidepressant; antimanic drug; calcium channel blocker; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; excitatory amino acid antagonist; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; xenobiotic
lansoprazole Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.	4.07	4	0	benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
leflunomide Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.	3.59	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; isoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide	antineoplastic agent; antiparasitic agent; EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
letrozole [no description available]	3.23	1	0	nitrile; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
lomefloxacin lomefloxacin: structure given in first source. lomefloxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery.	3.56	2	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; photosensitizing agent
lomerizine lomerizine: used to treat migraines	1.98	1	0	diarylmethane
lomustine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
loperamide Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.	3.86	3	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes; piperidines; tertiary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antidiarrhoeal drug; mu-opioid receptor agonist
loratadine Loratadine: A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.. loratadine : A benzocycloheptapyridine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylidene group at position 11. It is a H1-receptor antagonist commonly employed in the treatment of allergic disorders.	4.07	4	0	benzocycloheptapyridine; ethyl ester; N-acylpiperidine; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist
lorazepam Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.	3.23	1	0	benzodiazepine
losartan Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position	4.03	4	0	biphenylyltetrazole; imidazoles	angiotensin receptor antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist
loxapine Loxapine: An antipsychotic agent used in SCHIZOPHRENIA.	3.56	2	0	dibenzooxazepine	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source	2.44	2	0	chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound	autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
maprotiline Maprotiline: A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.	4.07	4	0	anthracenes
mebendazole Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5.	3.85	3	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester	antinematodal drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
mecamylamine Mecamylamine: A nicotinic antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Mecamylamine has been used as a ganglionic blocker in treating hypertension, but, like most ganglionic blockers, is more often used now as a research tool.	3.23	1	0	primary aliphatic amine
mechlorethamine nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.	3.97	4	0	nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent
meclizine Meclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.	3.59	2	0	diarylmethane
meclofenamic acid Meclofenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.. meclofenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	3.56	2	0	aminobenzoic acid; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mefenamic acid Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	4	4	0	aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound	analgesic; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
mefloquine hydrochloride [2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol : An organofluorine compound that consists of quinoline bearing trifluoromethyl substituents at positions 2 and 8 as well as a (2-piperidinyl)hydroxymethyl substituent at position 4.	2.02	1	0	organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinolines; secondary alcohol
memantine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	antidepressant; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; neuroprotective agent; NMDA receptor antagonist
vitamin k 3 Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.	2.11	1	0	1,4-naphthoquinones; vitamin K	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; nutraceutical
mepenzolate mepenzolic acid: anticholinergic, antispasmodic agent; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
meperidine Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.	3.23	1	0	ethyl ester; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
mephenytoin Mephenytoin: An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.. mephenytoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) in which the imidazolidine nucleus carries a methyl group at N-3 and has ethyl and phenyl substituents at C-5. An anticonvulsant, it is no longer available in the USA or the UK but is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.	3.6	2	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant
mepivacaine Mepivacaine: A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168). mepivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide in which N-methylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. It is used as a local amide-type anaesthetic.	3.23	1	0	piperidinecarboxamide	drug allergen; local anaesthetic
meprobamate Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)	3.23	1	0	organic molecular entity
merbromin Merbromin: A once-popular mercury containing topical antiseptic.. merbromin : An organic sodium salt that is 2,7-dibromo-4-hydroxymercurifluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions.	2.03	1	0
mesalamine Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.	3.84	3	0	amino acid; aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; phenols	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mesoridazine Mesoridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with effects similar to CHLORPROMAZINE.. mesoridazine : A phenothiazine substituted at position 2 (para to the S atom) by a methylsulfinyl group, and on the nitrogen by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group.	3.23	1	0	phenothiazines; sulfoxide; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic
metaproterenol Metaproterenol: A beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of ASTHMA and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. orciprenaline : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-orciprenaline. Used (as its sulfate salt) to relax the airway muscles and improve breathing for patients suffering from asthma or bronchitis.. 5-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol : A member of the class of resorcinols bearing an additional 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl substituent at position 5 of resorcinol itself.	3.82	3	0	aralkylamino compound; phenylethanolamines; resorcinols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.	3.85	3	0	guanidines	environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic
methadone Methadone: A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3). methadone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextromethadone and levomethadone. It is a opioid analgesic which is used as a painkiller and as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction.. 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one : A ketone that is heptan-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 6 and two phenyl groups at position 4.	3.56	2	0	benzenes; diarylmethane; ketone; tertiary amino compound
methazolamide Methazolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.	3.23	1	0	sulfonamide; thiadiazoles
methenamine Methenamine: An anti-infective agent most commonly used in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Its anti-infective action derives from the slow release of formaldehyde by hydrolysis at acidic pH. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p173). hexamethylenetetramine : A polycyclic cage that is adamantane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 3, 5 and 7 are replaced by nitrogen atoms.	1.94	1	0	polyazaalkane; polycyclic cage; tetramine	antibacterial drug
methocarbamol Methocarbamol: A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206). methocarbamol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methocarbamol. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as an adjunct in the short-term symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. The (R)-enantiomer is more active than the (S)-enantiomer.. 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl carbamate : A carbamate ester that is glycerol in which one of the primary alcohol groups has been converted to its 2-methoxyphenyl ether while the other has been converted to the corresponding carbamate ester.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ether; carbamate ester; secondary alcohol
methoxsalen Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.	4.03	4	0	aromatic ether; psoralens	antineoplastic agent; cross-linking reagent; dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
methyclothiazide Methyclothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p825)	3.23	1	0	benzothiadiazine
nocodazole [no description available]	3.11	5	0	aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester; thiophenes	antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
methylphenidate Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.	3.23	1	0	beta-amino acid ester; methyl ester; piperidines
metoclopramide Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.	3.56	2	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; gastrointestinal drug; xenobiotic
metolazone Metolazone: A quinazoline-sulfonamide derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. metolazone : A quinazoline that consists of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-one bearing additional methyl, 2-tolyl, sulfamyl and chloro substituents at positions 2, 3, 6 and 7 respectively. A quinazoline diuretic, with properties similar to thiazide diuretics.	3.23	1	0	organochlorine compound; quinazolines; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; ion transport inhibitor
metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.	4.25	5	0	aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
metronidazole Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.	11.42	57	11	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; primary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiparasitic agent; antitrichomonal drug; environmental contaminant; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
metyrapone Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.	3.82	3	0	aromatic ketone	antimetabolite; diagnostic agent; EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor
mexiletine Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.	3.85	3	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
miconazole Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.	13.99	147	16	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
midazolam Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.	3.85	3	0	imidazobenzodiazepine; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; anxiolytic drug; apoptosis inducer; central nervous system depressant; GABAA receptor agonist; general anaesthetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
midodrine Midodrine: An ethanolamine derivative that is an adrenergic alpha-1 agonist. It is used as a vasoconstrictor agent in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. midodrine : An aromatic ether that is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-(glycylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with selective alpha-adrenergic agonist activity, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a peripheral vasoconstrictor in the treatment of certain hypotensive states. The main active moiety is its major metabolite, deglymidodrine.	3.56	2	0	amino acid amide; aromatic ether; secondary alcohol	alpha-adrenergic agonist; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
milrinone [no description available]	3.23	1	0	bipyridines; nitrile; pyridone	cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
minoxidil Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.	3.85	3	0	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
mirtazapine Mirtazapine: A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.	3.56	2	0	benzazepine; tetracyclic antidepressant	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anxiolytic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; oneirogen; serotonergic antagonist
mitotane Mitotane: A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
mitoxantrone Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.	4.07	4	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	analgesic; antineoplastic agent
moclobemide Moclobemide: A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A; (RIMA); (see MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS) that has antidepressive properties.. moclobemide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a chloro group at position 4 and a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group at the nitrogen atom. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of depression.	2.07	1	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; morpholines	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
modafinil Modafinil: A benzhydryl acetamide compound, central nervous system stimulant, and CYP3A4 inducing agent that is used in the treatment of NARCOLEPSY and SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS.. modafinil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of armodafinil and (S)-modafinil. A central nervous system stimulant, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. The optical enantiomers of modafinil have similar pharmacological actions in animals.. 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide : A sulfoxide that is dimethylsulfoxide in which two hydrogens attached to one of the methyl groups are replaced by phenyl groups, while one hydrogen attached to the other methyl group is replaced by a carbamoyl (aminocarbonyl) group.	3.23	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfoxide
molsidomine Molsidomine: A morpholinyl sydnone imine ethyl ester, having a nitrogen in place of the keto oxygen. It acts as NITRIC OXIDE DONORS and is a vasodilator that has been used in ANGINA PECTORIS.. molsidomine : A member of the class of oxadiazoles that is 1,2,3-oxadiazole substituted by morpholin-4-yl and (ethoxycarbonyl)azanidyl groups at positions 3 and 5, respectively. It is used as a vasodilator drug for the treatment of myocardial ischemic syndrome and congestive heart failure.	1.99	1	0	ethyl ester; morpholines; oxadiazole; zwitterion	antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
moxisylyte Moxisylyte: An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in Raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)	3.59	2	0	monoterpenoid
ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.	3.08	5	0	maleimides	anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor
fenamic acid fenamic acid: has chloride and potassium channel-blocking activity; RN given refers to parent cpd. fenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is the N-phenyl derivative of anthranilic acid. It acts as a parent skeleton for the synthesis of several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	2.93	4	0	aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound	membrane transport modulator
nabumetone Nabumetone: A butanone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with OSTEOARTHRITIS and RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.. nabumetone : A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	3.56	2	0	methoxynaphthalene; methyl ketone	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
nadolol [no description available]	3.23	1	0	tetralins
nalidixic acid [no description available]	6.25	11	1	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
naphazoline Naphazoline: An adrenergic vasoconstrictor agent used as a decongestant.	1.99	1	0	naphthalenes
naratriptan naratriptan: structure given in first source	3.23	1	0	heteroarylpiperidine; sulfonamide; tryptamines	serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
nefazodone nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct	4.08	4	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; triazoles	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; analgesic; antidepressant; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
nevirapine Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.	4.07	4	0	cyclopropanes; dipyridodiazepine	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nialamide Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.	3.59	2	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
nicardipine Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.	4.07	4	0	benzenes; C-nitro compound; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound
nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.	4.61	8	0	C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester	calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent
nilutamide [no description available]	3.56	2	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; imidazolidinone	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
nimesulide nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.	3.59	2	0	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nimodipine Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.	3.56	2	0	2-methoxyethyl ester; C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
nisoldipine Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.	3.82	3	0	C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
nitrendipine Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.	2.04	1	0	C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.	3.48	2	0	nitroglycerol	explosive; muscle relaxant; nitric oxide donor; prodrug; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
nizatidine [no description available]	4.07	4	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-nitro compound; carboxamidine; organic sulfide; tertiary amino compound	anti-ulcer drug; cholinergic drug; H2-receptor antagonist
nomifensine Nomifensine: An isoquinoline derivative that prevents dopamine reuptake into synaptosomes. The maleate was formerly used in the treatment of depression. It was withdrawn worldwide in 1986 due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis resulting from its use. In some cases, renal failure also developed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p266). nomifensine : An N-methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline carrying phenyl and amino substituents at positions C-4 and C-8, respectively.	3.59	2	0	isoquinolines	dopamine uptake inhibitor
masoprocol nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)	2.43	2	0	catechols; lignan; tetrol	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; plant metabolite
norfloxacin Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.	8.67	29	3	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
nortriptyline Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.	3.85	3	0	organic tricyclic compound; secondary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; drug metabolite
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid: structure given in first source; chloride channel antagonist	3.1	5	0	nitrobenzoic acid
ofloxacin Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.	6.22	10	1	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxazinoquinoline
omeprazole Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.	4.24	5	0	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide
ondansetron Ondansetron: A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.	3.85	3	0	carbazoles
orphenadrine Orphenadrine: A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm.. orphenadrine : A tertiary amino compound which is the phenyl-o-tolylmethyl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol.	3.23	1	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; NMDA receptor antagonist; parasympatholytic
oxaprozin Oxaprozin: An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.. oxaprozin : A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.	3.56	2	0	1,3-oxazoles; monocarboxylic acid	analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
oxazepam Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.	3.58	2	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
oxybutynin oxybutynin: RN given refers to parent cpd. oxybutynin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-oxybutynin and esoxybutynin. An antispasmodic used for the treatment of overactive bladder.	3.59	2	0	acetylenic compound; carboxylic ester; racemate; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; calcium channel blocker; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant; parasympatholytic
aminosalicylic acid Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.	3.59	2	0	aminobenzoic acid; phenols	antitubercular agent
pamidronate [no description available]	3.56	2	0	phosphonoacetic acid
pantoprazole Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.	3.6	2	0	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; organofluorine compound; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
papaverine Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.	3.48	2	0	benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; dimethoxybenzene; isoquinolines	antispasmodic drug; vasodilator agent
pd 98059 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'.	2.02	1	0	aromatic amine; monomethoxyflavone	EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
pemoline Pemoline: A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.. pemoline : A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity.	3.85	3	0	1,3-oxazoles	central nervous system stimulant
pentamidine Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.	4.21	5	0	aromatic ether; carboxamidine; diether	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; calmodulin antagonist; chemokine receptor 5 antagonist; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; NMDA receptor antagonist; S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor; trypanocidal drug; xenobiotic
pentobarbital Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.	3.23	1	0	barbiturates	GABAA receptor agonist
pentoxifylline [no description available]	3.56	2	0	oxopurine
perhexiline Perhexiline: 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis.	3.59	2	0	piperidines	cardiovascular drug
perphenazine Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.	3.84	3	0	N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-alkylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacetin Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione	2.46	2	0	acetamides; aromatic ether	cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	4.08	4	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative
phenolsulfonphthalein Phenolsulfonphthalein: Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for studies of the gastrointestinal and other systems.. phenol red : 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups. A pH indicator changing colour from yellow below pH 6.8 to bright pink above pH 8.2, it is commonly used as an indicator in cell cultures and in home swimming pool test kits. It is also used in the (now infrequently performed) phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) test for estimation of overall blood flow through the kidney.	2.03	1	0	2,1-benzoxathiole; arenesulfonate ester; phenols; sultone	acid-base indicator; diagnostic agent; two-colour indicator
phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.	3.59	2	0	aromatic amine
phentermine Phentermine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity.	3.59	2	0	primary amine	adrenergic agent; appetite depressant; central nervous system drug; central nervous system stimulant; dopaminergic agent; sympathomimetic agent
4-phenylbutyric acid 4-phenylbutyric acid: RN refers to the parent cpd. 4-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid the structure of which is that of butyric acid substituted with a phenyl group at C-4. It is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that displays anticancer activity. It inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induces apoptosis in glioma cells. It also inhibits protein isoprenylation, depletes plasma glutamine, increases production of foetal haemoglobin through transcriptional activation of the gamma-globin gene and affects hPPARgamma activation.	3.23	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; prodrug
oxophenylarsine oxophenylarsine: inhibits protein-tyrosine-phosphatase. phenylarsine oxide : An arsine oxide derived from phenylarsine.	2.76	3	0	arsine oxides	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
phenylbutazone Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position.	2.87	4	0	pyrazolidines	antirheumatic drug; EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
phloretin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	dihydrochalcones	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
pilsicainide pilsicainide: structure given in first source. pilsicainide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline with the carboxy group of (tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-7a(5H)-yl)acetic acid. It is a sodium channel blocker which is used as an antiarrhythmic drug for the management of atrial tachyarrhythmias in Japan.	2.07	1	0	organic heterobicyclic compound; secondary carboxamide	anti-arrhythmia drug; sodium channel blocker
pinacidil Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)	1.97	1	0	pyridines
pindolol Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.	3.85	3	0	indoles; secondary amine	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
pioglitazone Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	4.63	4	0	aromatic ether; pyridines; thiazolidinediones	antidepressant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug; PPARgamma agonist; xenobiotic
pipemidic acid Pipemidic Acid: Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concentrated in bile and urine and used for gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.. pipemidic acid : A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a piperazin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial, it is used for treatment of gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.	3.36	1	1	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; pyridopyrimidine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
pirbuterol pirbuterol: structure	2.02	1	0	pyridines
pirenzepine Pirenzepine: An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.	1.98	1	0	pyridobenzodiazepine	anti-ulcer drug; antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
polythiazide [no description available]	3.23	1	0	benzothiadiazine
potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.	3.97	14	0	inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt	fertilizer
potassium iodide Potassium Iodide: An inorganic compound that is used as a source of iodine in thyrotoxic crisis and in the preparation of thyrotoxic patients for thyroidectomy. (From Dorland, 27th ed). potassium iodide : A metal iodide salt with a K(+) counterion. It is a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals.	4.65	9	0	potassium salt	expectorant; radical scavenger
ag 1879 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-amine: Fyn kinase inhibitor	2.44	2	0	aromatic amine; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazolopyrimidine	beta-adrenergic antagonist; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
duodote duodote: consists of atropine and pralidoxime chloride; for treating those exposed to organophosphorus-containing nerve agents	3.23	1	0	pyridinium ion	antidote to organophosphate poisoning; antidote to sarin poisoning; cholinergic drug; cholinesterase reactivator
pramoxine pramoxine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. pramocaine : A member of the class of morpholines that is morpholine substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 3-(4-butoxyphenoxy)propyl group.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether; morpholines	local anaesthetic
prazepam Prazepam: A benzodiazepine that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.	2.02	1	0	benzodiazepine
praziquantel azinox: Russian drug	3.56	2	0	isoquinolines
prazosin Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively.	4.23	5	0	aromatic ether; furans; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperazines; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
primaquine Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.	3.83	3	0	aminoquinoline; aromatic ether; N-substituted diamine	antimalarial
primidone Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.	3.85	3	0	pyrimidone	anticonvulsant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
proadifen Proadifen: An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.	1.95	1	0	diarylmethane
probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.	4.34	6	0	benzoic acids; sulfonamide	uricosuric drug
procainamide Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	3.85	3	0	benzamides	anti-arrhythmia drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; sodium channel blocker
procaine Procaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).. procaine : A benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol.	3.21	6	0	benzoate ester; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; drug allergen; local anaesthetic; peripheral nervous system drug
procarbazine Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.	3.56	2	0	benzamides; hydrazines	antineoplastic agent
prochlorperazine Prochlorperazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612). prochlorperazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.	3.23	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antiemetic; cholinergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; first generation antipsychotic
procyclidine Procyclidine: A muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is used in the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders and in parkinsonism.. procyclidine : A tertiary alcohol that consists of propan-1-ol substituted by a cyclohexyl and a phenyl group at position 1 and a pyrrolidin-1-yl group at position 3.	3.86	3	0	pyrrolidines; tertiary alcohol	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; muscarinic antagonist
promethazine Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.	3.49	2	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; sedative
propafenone Propafenone: An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity.. propafenone : An aromatic ketone that is 3-(propylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(3-phenylpropanoyl)phenyl group. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.	3.84	3	0	aromatic ketone; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
propantheline Propantheline: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the treatment of ulcers. At high doses it has nicotinic effects resulting in neuromuscular blocking.	3.23	1	0	xanthenes
propofol Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.	3.56	2	0	phenols	anticonvulsant; antiemetic; intravenous anaesthetic; radical scavenger; sedative
propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.	4.08	4	0	naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
propyl gallate Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils.	2.41	2	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
protriptyline Protriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.	3.23	1	0	carbotricyclic compound	antidepressant
pyridostigmine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	pyridinium ion
pyrimethamine Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds	3.93	3	0	aminopyrimidine; monochlorobenzenes	antimalarial; antiprotozoal drug; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
sch 16134 quazepam: structure given in first source	3.56	2	0	benzodiazepine
quetiapine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	dibenzothiazepine; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine	adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
rabeprazole Rabeprazole: A 4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridinyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.	3.23	1	0	benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
raloxifene raloxifene : A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, and 6 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl, p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]benzoyl, and hydroxy groups, respectively.	3.23	1	0	1-benzothiophenes; aromatic ketone; N-oxyethylpiperidine; phenols	bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
ranitidine [no description available]	2.73	3	0	aralkylamine
resorcinol resorcinol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7951. resorcinol : A benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3.	1.96	1	0	benzenediol; phenolic donor; resorcinols	erythropoietin inhibitor; sensitiser
riluzole Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.	3.56	2	0	benzothiazoles
rimantadine Rimantadine: An RNA synthesis inhibitor that is used as an antiviral agent in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza.	3.56	2	0	alkylamine
risperidone Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.	3.84	3	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound; pyridopyrimidine	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
ritanserin Ritanserin: A selective and potent serotonin-2 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of a variety of syndromes related to anxiety and depression. The drug also improves the subjective quality of sleep and decreases portal pressure.. ritanserin : A thiazolopyrimidine that is 5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one which is substituted at position 7 by a methyl group and at position 6 by a 2-{4-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methylidene]piperidin-1-yl}ethyl group. A potent and long-acting seratonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) antagonist of the subtype 5-HT2 (Ki = 0.39 nM), it is used in the treatment of a variety of disorders including anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. It has little sedative action.	2.04	1	0	organofluorine compound; piperidines; thiazolopyrimidine	antidepressant; antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
rizatriptan rizatriptan: structure given in first source; RN given refers to benzoate	3.23	1	0	tryptamines	anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
4-(3-butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone: Inhibitor of phosphodiesterases.	1.99	1	0	methoxybenzenes
rolipram [no description available]	1.98	1	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones	antidepressant; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
ropinirole [no description available]	3.23	1	0	indolones; tertiary amine	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; central nervous system drug; dopamine agonist
salmeterol xinafoate salmeterol : A racemate consisting of equal parts of (R)- and (S)-salmeterol. It is a potent and selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist (EC50 = 5.3 nM). Unlike other beta2 agonists, it binds to the exo-site domain of beta2 receptors, producing a slow onset of action and prolonged activation.. 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl)phenol : A phenol having a hydroxymethyl group at C-2 and a 1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl group at C-4; derivative of phenylethanolamine.	2.02	1	0	ether; phenols; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
sanguinarine benzophenanthridine alkaloid : A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family.	2.07	1	0	alkaloid antibiotic; benzophenanthridine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent
salicylsalicylic acid salicylsalicylic acid: structure. salsalate : A dimeric benzoate ester obtained by intermolecular condensation between the carboxy of one molecule of salicylic acid with the phenol group of a second. It is a prodrug for salycylic acid that is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and also shows activity against type II diabetes.	3.23	1	0	benzoate ester; benzoic acids; phenols; salicylates	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
secobarbital Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.	3.23	1	0	barbiturates	anaesthesia adjuvant; GABA modulator; sedative
sevoflurane Sevoflurane: A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION.. sevoflurane : An ether compound having fluoromethyl and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl as the two alkyl groups.	2.02	1	0	ether; organofluorine compound	central nervous system depressant; inhalation anaesthetic; platelet aggregation inhibitor
sibutramine sibutramine: serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor; Meridia is tradename for sibutramine hydrochloride	3.23	1	0	organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	anti-obesity agent; serotonin uptake inhibitor
sulfadiazine Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.	5.78	12	0	pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antiprotozoal drug; coccidiostat; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
linsidomine linsidomine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.99	1	0	morpholines
sodium fluoride [no description available]	2.38	2	0	fluoride salt	mutagen
risedronic acid Risedronic Acid: A pyridine and diphosphonic acid derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and inhibits BONE RESORPTION.	3.23	1	0	pyridines
sotalol Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.	4.07	4	0	ethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound; sulfonamide	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
stearic acid octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.	1.96	1	0	long-chain fatty acid; saturated fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
imatinib [no description available]	3.23	1	0	aromatic amine; benzamides; N-methylpiperazine; pyridines; pyrimidines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
vorinostat Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).	3.23	1	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; hydroxamic acid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
succinylcholine Succinylcholine: A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.. succinylcholine : A quaternary ammonium ion that is the bis-choline ester of succinic acid.	3.59	2	0	quaternary ammonium ion; succinate ester	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent
sulconazole sulconazole: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure given in first source. sulconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-sulconazole. An antifungal agent with activity against Candida species, it is used (generally as the nitrate salt) for the topical treatment of fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-[(4-chlorobenzyl)sulfanyl]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}-1H-imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-ethyl-1H-imidazole in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a (4-chlorobenzyl)sulfanediyl group while a second is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorophenyl group.	2.02	1	0	dichlorobenzene; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes; organic sulfide
sulfacetamide Sulfacetamide: An anti-bacterial agent that is used topically to treat skin infections and orally for urinary tract infections.. sulfacetamide : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide acylated on the sulfonamide nitrogen.	2.63	3	0	N-sulfonylcarboxamide; substituted aniline	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfadimethoxine Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.	2.35	2	0	aromatic ether; pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfamerazine [no description available]	1.97	1	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen
sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.68	3	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic
sulfamethizole Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.	4.89	2	1	sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.	8.61	13	7	isoxazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; epitope; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
sulfanilamide [no description available]	1.93	1	0	substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; drug allergen; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
sulfanitran [no description available]	2.04	1	0	sulfonamide
sulfaphenazole Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.. sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent.	2.07	1	0	primary amino compound; pyrazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.	4.37	6	0
sulfathiazole Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	3.59	2	0	1,3-thiazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfinpyrazone Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.	2.04	1	0	pyrazolidines; sulfoxide	uricosuric drug
sulfisoxazole Sulfisoxazole: A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.. sulfisoxazole : A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.	2.64	3	0	isoxazoles; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
sulfobromophthalein Sulfobromophthalein: A phenolphthalein that is used as a diagnostic aid in hepatic function determination.	1.94	1	0	2-benzofurans; organobromine compound; organosulfonic acid; phenols	dye
2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol [no description available]	3.59	2	0	alkylbenzene
sumatriptan Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.	3.56	2	0	sulfonamide; tryptamines	serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
suprofen Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.	2.02	1	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antirheumatic drug; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
suramin Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years.	2.11	1	0	naphthalenesulfonic acid; phenylureas; secondary carboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antinematodal drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; GABA antagonist; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; purinergic receptor P2 antagonist; ryanodine receptor agonist; trypanocidal drug
tazarotene tazarotene: a topical acetylenic retinoid; a topical kerytolytic. tazarotene : The ethyl ester of tazarotenic acid. A prodrug for tazarotenic acid, it is used for the treatment of psoriasis, acne, and sun-damaged skin.	2.02	1	0	acetylenic compound; ethyl ester; pyridines; retinoid; thiochromane	keratolytic drug; prodrug; teratogenic agent
temazepam Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.	3.56	2	0	benzodiazepine
temozolomide [no description available]	3.23	1	0	imidazotetrazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; triazene derivative	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
terazosin Terazosin: induces decreased blood pressure; used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia	3.84	3	0	furans; piperazines; primary amino compound; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent
terbutaline Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.	3.23	1	0	phenylethanolamines; resorcinols	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
terfenadine Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.	2.73	3	0	diarylmethane
tetraethylammonium Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)	3.62	9	0	quaternary ammonium ion
thalidomide Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.	3.23	1	0	phthalimides; piperidones
thiabendazole Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate	4.29	3	0	1,3-thiazoles; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug
thioridazine Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.	4.07	4	0	phenothiazines; piperidines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
thiotepa Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).	3.85	3	0	aziridines
ticlopidine Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.	4.08	4	0	monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; fibrin modulating drug; hematologic agent; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
tinidazole Tinidazole: A nitroimidazole alkylating agent that is used as an antitrichomonal agent against TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS; ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA; and GIARDIA LAMBLIA infections. It also acts as an antibacterial agent for the treatment of BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS and anaerobic bacterial infections.. tinidazole : 1H-imidazole substituted at C-1 by a (2-ethylsulfonyl)ethyl group, at C-2 by a methyl group and at C-5 by a nitro group. It is used as an antiprotozoal, antibacterial agent.	3.79	3	0	imidazoles	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
tioconazole tioconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tioconazole.. 1-{2-[(2-chloro-3-thienyl)methoxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that comprises 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethylimidazole carrying an additional (2-chloro-3-thienyl)methoxy substituent at position 2.	4.64	6	1	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles; thiophenes
tiopronin Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE.	3.56	2	0	N-acyl-amino acid
tizanidine tizanidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tizanidine : 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites.	3.56	2	0	benzothiadiazole; imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic agonist; muscle relaxant
nikethamide Nikethamide: A central nervous system stimulant. It was formerly used in the treatment of barbiturate overdose but is now considered to be of no value for such purposes and may be dangerous. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1229)	1.95	1	0	pyridinecarboxamide
tolazamide Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	3.23	1	0	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; potassium channel blocker
tolbutamide Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.	4.03	4	0	N-sulfonylurea	human metabolite; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; potassium channel blocker
tolmetin Tolmetin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL) similar in mode of action to INDOMETHACIN.. tolmetin : A monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; pyrroles	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tolnaftate [no description available]	8.76	19	3	monothiocarbamic ester	antifungal drug
n,n,n',n'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine: a zinc ion chelating agent; structure given in first source. N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine : An N-substituted diamine that is ethylenediamine in which the four amino hydrogens are replaced by 2-pyridylmethyl groups.	2.11	1	0	N-substituted diamine; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	apoptosis inducer; chelator; copper chelator
(1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid (1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid: a GABA-C receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.02	1	0
ultram 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol : A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.	3.84	3	0	aromatic ether; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound
tranexamic acid Tranexamic Acid: Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.	3.59	2	0	amino acid
trazodone Trazodone: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309). trazodone : An N-arylpiperazine in which one nitrogen is substituted by a 3-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a 3-(3-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2(3H)-yl)propyl group.	3.85	3	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; triazolopyridine	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
triacetin Triacetin: A triglyceride that is used as an antifungal agent.. triacetin : A triglyceride obtained by acetylation of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol. It has fungistatic properties (based on release of acetic acid) and has been used in the topical treatment of minor dermatophyte infections.	1.93	1	0	triglyceride	adjuvant; antifungal drug; food additive carrier; food emulsifier; food humectant; fuel additive; plant metabolite; solvent
triamterene Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.	3.23	1	0	pteridines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
triazolam Triazolam: A short-acting benzodiazepine used in the treatment of insomnia. Some countries temporarily withdrew triazolam from the market because of concerns about adverse reactions, mostly psychological, associated with higher dose ranges. Its use at lower doses with appropriate care and labeling has been reaffirmed by the FDA and most other countries.	3.85	3	0	triazolobenzodiazepine	sedative
triclosan [no description available]	1.93	1	0	aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; fungicide; persistent organic pollutant; xenobiotic
trientine Trientine: An ethylenediamine derivative used as stabilizer for EPOXY RESINS, as ampholyte for ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING and as chelating agent for copper in HEPATOLENTICULAR DEGENERATION.. TETA : An azamacrocyle in which four nitrogen atoms at positions 1, 4, 8 and 11 of a fouteen-membered ring are each substituted with a carboxymethyl group.. 2,2,2-tetramine : A polyazaalkane that is decane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 are replaced by nitrogens.	2.39	2	0	polyazaalkane; tetramine	copper chelator
trifluoperazine [no description available]	4.07	4	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; calmodulin antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
trihexyphenidyl Trihexyphenidyl: One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic.	3.23	1	0	amine
trimethadione Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.	3.56	2	0	oxazolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector
trimethobenzamide trimethobenzamide: major descriptor (64-84); on-line search BENZAMIDES (64-84); Index Medicus search TRIMETHOBENZAMIDE (64-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. trimethobenzamide : The amide obtained by formal condensation of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid with 4-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethoxy]benzylamine. It is used to prevent nausea and vomitting in humans.	3.23	1	0	benzamides; tertiary amino compound	antiemetic
trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.	9.69	25	8	aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes	antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
trimetrexate Trimetrexate: A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.	3.81	3	0
trimipramine Trimipramine: Tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE, but with more antihistaminic and sedative properties.. trimipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group at the nitrogen atom. It is used as an antidepressant.	3.56	2	0	dibenzoazepine; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
troglitazone Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.	3.59	2	0	chromanes; thiazolidinone	anticoagulant; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
tyramine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	monoamine molecular messenger; primary amino compound; tyramines	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
delavirdine Delavirdine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.. delavirdine : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-amino group of 1-[3-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl]piperazine, delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.	3.23	1	0	aminopyridine; indolecarboxamide; N-acylpiperazine; sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
venlafaxine venlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group.	3.85	3	0	cyclohexanols; monomethoxybenzene; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; serotonin uptake inhibitor; xenobiotic
vigabatrin [no description available]	3.23	1	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
w 7 W 7: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure; calmodulin antagonist	1.98	1	0
2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2h-tetrazolium hydroxide 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide: structure given in first source	3.82	2	1
xylazine Xylazine: An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.. xylazine : A methyl benzene that is 1,3-dimethylbenzene which is substituted by a 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-ylnitrilo group at position 2. It is an alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist and frequently used in veterinary medicine as an emetic and sedative with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties.	2.4	2	0	1,3-thiazine; methylbenzene; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; analgesic; emetic; muscle relaxant; sedative
ici 204,219 zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	3.85	3	0	carbamate ester; indoles; N-sulfonylcarboxamide	anti-asthmatic agent; leukotriene antagonist
zaleplon zaleplon: an azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; a hypnotic with less marked effect on psychomotor functions compared to lorazepam. zaleplon : A pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine having a nitrile group at position 3 and a 3-(N-ethylacetamido)phenyl substituent at the 7-position.	3.23	1	0	nitrile; pyrazolopyrimidine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; central nervous system depressant; sedative
zolpidem Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.. zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.	3.56	2	0	imidazopyridine	central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; sedative
zomepirac zomepirac: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.02	1	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; pyrroles	cardiovascular drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
zonisamide Zonisamide: A benzisoxazole and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL blocker. It is used primarily as an adjunctive antiepileptic agent for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES, with or without secondary generalization.. zonisamide : A 1,2-benzoxazole compound having a sulfamoylmethyl substituent at the 3-position.	3.23	1	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; sulfonamide	anticonvulsant; antioxidant; central nervous system drug; protective agent; T-type calcium channel blocker
donepezil hydrochloride donepezil hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)- donepezil hydrochloride. Its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.	2.17	1	0
cortisone acetate Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.	3.23	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
mitomycin Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.	4.51	4	0	mitomycin	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
corticosterone [no description available]	2.36	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.	7.72	20	3	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
reserpine Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.	3.86	3	0	alkaloid ester; methyl ester; yohimban alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; first generation antipsychotic; plant metabolite; xenobiotic
phentolamine Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.	3.59	2	0	imidazoles; phenols; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).	4.34	6	0	glucitol	cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
thymidine [no description available]	2.88	4	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
floxuridine Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.	2.02	1	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; radiosensitizing agent
thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.	3.6	2	0	2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine	antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
dextroamphetamine Dextroamphetamine: The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.. (S)-amphetamine : A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration.	3.23	1	0	1-phenylpropan-2-amine	adrenergic agent; adrenergic uptake inhibitor; dopamine uptake inhibitor; dopaminergic agent; neurotoxin; sympathomimetic agent
carbachol Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.	4.01	14	0	ammonium salt; carbamate ester	cardiotonic drug; miotic; muscarinic agonist; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; non-narcotic analgesic
spironolactone Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.	4.38	6	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; oxaspiro compound; steroid lactone; thioester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
aldosterone [no description available]	3.76	11	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
penicillamine Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.	4.02	4	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; penicillamine	antirheumatic drug; chelator; copper chelator; drug allergen
cysteine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	cysteine zwitterion; cysteine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flour treatment agent; human metabolite
prednisone Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.	7.76	21	3	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
estrone Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.	3.23	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; phenolic steroid; phenols	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
oxandrolone Oxandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties.	3.59	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; oxa-steroid	anabolic agent; androgen
penicillin g Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.	7.54	25	1	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; epitope
idoxuridine [no description available]	2.86	4	0	organoiodine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
pilocarpine Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine.	3.56	2	0	pilocarpine	antiglaucoma drug
triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.	3.82	3	0	2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.	2.65	3	0	alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.	2.68	3	0	L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide : A quinoline N-oxide carrying a nitro substituent at position 4.	2.05	1	0	C-nitro compound; quinoline N-oxide	carcinogenic agent
chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.	8.27	82	0	C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.	3.78	3	0	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.	2.65	3	0	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cetrimonium bromide cetyltrimethylammonium bromide : The organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.	2.03	1	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	detergent; surfactant
cyanides Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide.	3.05	5	0	pseudohalide anion	EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor
vincristine [no description available]	4.07	4	0	acetate ester; formamides; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator
physostigmine Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.	3.23	1	0	carbamate ester; indole alkaloid	antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; miotic
sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.	4.11	16	0	glycosyl glycoside	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.	2.37	2	0	17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
testosterone propionate Testosterone Propionate: An ester of TESTOSTERONE with a propionate substitution at the 17-beta position.. androgen : A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.	2.02	1	0	steroid ester
tubocurarine Tubocurarine: A neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in CURARE; plant based alkaloid of Menispermaceae.. tubocurarine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid muscle relaxant which constitutes the active component of curare.. isoquinoline alkaloid : Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine.	2.37	2	0	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
apomorphine Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.	3.23	1	0	aporphine alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic drug; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; emetic; serotonergic drug
aminopyrine Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.	1.94	1	0	pyrazolone; tertiary amino compound	antipyretic; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
methyltestosterone Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position.	3.48	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; enone	anabolic agent; androgen; antineoplastic agent
tetrabenazine 9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.	3.23	1	0	benzoquinolizine; cyclic ketone; tertiary amino compound
adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.	3.49	8	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate	fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
cephalothin Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections.	3.73	3	0	azabicycloalkene; beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carboxylic acid; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative; thiophenes	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
uridine [no description available]	2.35	2	0	uridines	drug metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
kanamycin a Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.	8.43	34	1	kanamycins	bacterial metabolite
galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose.	2.88	4	0	D-galactose; galactopyranose	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
levodopa Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease	1.97	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; dopa; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	allelochemical; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; prodrug
edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.	4.86	11	0	ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector
p-dimethylaminoazobenzene p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene: A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed)	2.03	1	0	azobenzenes
phenylethyl alcohol Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.. 2-phenylethanol : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.	1.95	1	0	benzenes; primary alcohol	Aspergillus metabolite; fragrance; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.	2.38	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine	EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
cysteamine Cysteamine: A mercaptoethylamine compound that is endogenously derived from the COENZYME A degradative pathway. The fact that cysteamine is readily transported into LYSOSOMES where it reacts with CYSTINE to form cysteine-cysteamine disulfide and CYSTEINE has led to its use in CYSTINE DEPLETING AGENTS for the treatment of CYSTINOSIS.. cysteamine : An amine that consists of an ethane skeleton substituted with a thiol group at C-1 and an amino group at C-2.	3.58	2	0	amine; thiol	geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; radiation protective agent
acetylcholine chloride acetylcholine chloride : The chloride salt of acetylcholine, and a parasympatomimetic drug.	3.23	1	0	quaternary ammonium salt
phlorhizin [no description available]	3.22	6	0	aryl beta-D-glucoside; dihydrochalcones; monosaccharide derivative	antioxidant; plant metabolite
mepazine mepazine: major descriptor (66-85); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (66-85); Index Medicus search MEPAZINE (66-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. pacatal : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazine has an N-methylpiperidin-4-ylmethyl substituent at the N-10 position.	3.59	2	0	phenothiazines
methoxamine Methoxamine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that causes prolonged peripheral VASOCONSTRICTION.. methoxamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group and the phenyl ring is 2- and 5-substituted with methoxy groups. It is an antihypotensive agent (pressor), an agonist acting directly at alpha-adrenoceptors with selectivity for the alpha-1 adrenoceptor subtype similar to phenylephrine .	1.99	1	0	amphetamines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypotensive agent
adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.	1.97	1	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
methicillin Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group.	4.31	6	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
cloxacillin Cloxacillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.. cloxacillin : A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6.	4.15	5	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug
methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.	2.38	2	0	organic chloride salt	acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer
bretylium tosylate Bretylium Tosylate: An agent that blocks the release of adrenergic transmitters and may have other actions. It was formerly used as an antihypertensive agent, but is now proposed as an anti-arrhythmic.. bretylium tosylate : The tosylate salt of bretylium. It blocks noradrenaline release from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.	2.4	2	0	organosulfonate salt; quaternary ammonium salt	adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent
zoxazolamine Zoxazolamine: A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.	2	1	0	benzoxazole
leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.	4.55	8	0	amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ethyl methanesulfonate Ethyl Methanesulfonate: An antineoplastic agent with alkylating properties. It also acts as a mutagen by damaging DNA and is used experimentally for that effect.. ethyl methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate ester resulting from the formal condensation of methanesulfonic acid with ethanol.	1.95	1	0	methanesulfonate ester	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; mutagen; teratogenic agent
methacholine chloride Methacholine Chloride: A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116)	1.98	1	0	quaternary ammonium salt
aniline [no description available]	1.93	1	0	anilines; primary arylamine
calcium acetate calcium acetate: a principal compound used as phosphate binders in patients with chronic renal failure; used like sevelamer. calcium acetate : The calcium salt of acetic acid. It is used, commonly as a hydrate, to treat hyperphosphataemia (excess phosphate in the blood) in patients with kidney disease: the calcium ion combines with dietary phosphate to form (insoluble) calcium phosphate, which is excreted in the faeces.	3.23	1	0	calcium salt	chelator
2-aminoisobutyric acid 2-aminoisobutyric acid: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. 2-aminoisobutyric acid : A rare, non-protein amino acid and end-product of pyrimidine metabolism, excreted in urine and found in some antibiotics of fungal origin. With the exception of a few bacteria, it is non-metabolisable, and therefore used in bioassays.	1.96	1	0	2,2-dialkylglycine zwitterion; 2,2-dialkylglycine
uridine triphosphate Uridine Triphosphate: Uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A uracil nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	1.98	1	0	pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate; uridine 5'-phosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.	2.68	3	0	lactose
methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.	4.16	5	0	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.	3.25	6	0
phenylalanine Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group.	2.13	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; phenylalanine; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
desoxycorticosterone Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE	1.98	1	0	20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
colchicine (S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.	4.72	9	0	alkaloid; colchicine	anti-inflammatory agent; gout suppressant; mutagen
mebanazine mebanazine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	3.59	2	0	benzenes
1-naphthaldehyde 1-naphthaldehyde: structure. naphthaldehyde : An aldehyde in which the organyl group is a naphthyl group.. 1-naphthaldehyde : A naphthaldehyde with a formyl group at position 1.	3.31	1	0	naphthaldehyde	mouse metabolite
oxacillin Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.. oxacillin : A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta.	4.87	11	0	penicillin	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.	4.27	19	0	antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
ficusin Ficusin: A naturally occurring furocoumarin, found in PSORALEA. After photoactivation with UV radiation, it binds DNA via single and double-stranded cross-linking.. psoralen : The simplest member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromene having a keto group at position 7. It has been found in plants like Psoralea corylifolia and Ficus salicifolia.	2.03	1	0	psoralens	plant metabolite
egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.	3.7	10	0	diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
chloroform Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.	2.63	3	0	chloromethanes; one-carbon compound	carcinogenic agent; central nervous system drug; inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant
fluocinolone acetonide Fluocinolone Acetonide: A glucocorticoid derivative used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream, gel, lotion, or ointment. It has also been used topically in the treatment of inflammatory eye, ear, and nose disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluocinolone acetonide : A fluorinated steroid that is flunisolide in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by fluorine. A corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used (both as the anhydrous form and as the dihydrate) in creams, gels and ointments for the treatment of various skin disorders.	5.51	6	3	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
dimethylformamide Dimethylformamide: A formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylformamide : A member of the class of formamides that is formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.	2.38	2	0	formamides; volatile organic compound	geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; polar aprotic solvent
norethynodrel Norethynodrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions and uses similar to those of PROGESTERONE. It has been used in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding and ENDOMETRIOSIS. As a contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS), it has usually been administered in combination with MESTRANOL.	1.94	1	0	oxo steroid
cycloserine Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis).	5.15	6	0	4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic; zwitterion	antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antitubercular agent; metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist
benziodarone benziodarone: minor descriptor (75-89); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZOFURANS (68-89) & IODOBENZOATES (74)	3.59	2	0	aromatic ketone
ampicillin Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.	9.36	70	1	beta-lactam antibiotic; penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
mannitol [no description available]	4.58	8	0	mannitol	allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent
cytarabine [no description available]	4.33	6	0	beta-D-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative; pyrimidine nucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; immunosuppressive agent
trifluridine Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.	2.02	1	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3.	1.97	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
medroxyprogesterone acetate [no description available]	2.4	2	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; corticosteroid; steroid ester	adjuvant; androgen; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; female contraceptive drug; inhibitor; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
sulfobromophthalein sodium bromosulfophthalein sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of bromosulfophthalein.. bromosulfophthalein : An organosulfonic acid that consists of phthalide bearing four bromo substituents at positions 4, 5, 6 and 7 as well as two 4-hydroxy-3-sulfophenyl groups both located at position 1.	2.46	2	0	organic sodium salt	dye
valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.	2.65	3	0	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
threonine Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group.	2	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; threonine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mestranol [no description available]	2.37	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; aromatic ether; terminal acetylenic compound	prodrug; xenoestrogen
dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane: An organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed, p482)	1.94	1	0	chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	xenobiotic metabolite
chlorquinaldol Chlorquinaldol: Local anti-infective agent used for skin, gastrointestinal, and vaginal infections with fungi, protozoa, and certain bacteria. In animals, it causes central nervous system damage and is not administered parenterally. It is also used as antiseptic, fungistat, or deodorant.. chlorquinaldol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol which is substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and by chlorine at positions 5 and 7. An antifungal and antibacterial, it was formerly used for topical treatment of skin conditions and vaginal infections.	5.69	6	1	monohydroxyquinoline; organochlorine compound	antibacterial drug; antiprotozoal drug; antiseptic drug
tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.	3.06	5	0	erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan	antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.	4.17	5	0	arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
methylamine methyl group : An alkyl group that is the univalent group derived from methane by removal of a hydrogen atom.	2	1	0	methylamines; one-carbon compound; primary aliphatic amine	mouse metabolite
acetonitrile acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group.	2	1	0	aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent
tetramethylammonium tetramethylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd. tetramethylammonium : The simplest quaternary ammonium cation, comprising a central nitrogen linked to four methyl groups.	2.37	2	0	quaternary ammonium ion
trichloroacetic acid Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.. trichloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine.	3.16	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound	carcinogenic agent; metabolite; mouse metabolite
perflutren Definity: a fluorocarbon-filled ultrasonic contrast agent; Definity is tradename. octafluoropropane : A fluorocarbon that is propane in which all of the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorines.	3.23	1	0	fluoroalkane; fluorocarbon
triamcinolone acetonide Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.	8.43	45	9	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
fluoxymesterone Fluoxymesterone: An anabolic steroid that has been used in the treatment of male HYPOGONADISM, delayed puberty in males, and in the treatment of breast neoplasms in women.	3.23	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid; fluorinated steroid	anabolic agent; antineoplastic agent
methsuximide methsuximide: anticonvulsant effective in petit mal & psychomotor epilepsy; has a number of unpleasant & toxic side effects; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search SUCCINIMIDES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	3.23	1	0	organic molecular entity
tromethamine Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)	3.23	1	0	primary amino compound; triol	buffer
pentaerythritol tetranitrate Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate: A vasodilator with general properties similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a more prolonged duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1025). pentaerythritol tetranitrate : A pentaerythritol nitrate in which all four hydroxy groups of pentaerythritol have been converted to the corresponding nitrate ester. It is a vasodilator with properties similar to those of glyceryl trinitrate, but with a more prolonged duration of action, and is used for treatment of angina pectoris. It is also one of the most powerful high explosives known and is a component of the plastic explosive known as Semtex.	1.94	1	0	pentaerythritol nitrate	explosive; vasodilator agent
acrylic acid acrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. acrylic acid : A alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is ethene substituted by a carboxy group.	3.13	5	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid	metabolite
pantothenic acid Pantothenic Acid: A butyryl-beta-alanine that can also be viewed as pantoic acid complexed with BETA ALANINE. It is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE.. pantothenic acid : A member of the class of pantothenic acids that is an amide formed from pantoic acid and beta-alanine.. vitamin B5 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pantothenic acids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B5 deficiency. Deficiency of vitamin B5 is rare due to its widespread distribution in whole grain cereals, legumes and meat. Symptoms associated with vitamin B5 deficiency are difficult to asses since they are subtle and resemble those of other B vitamin deficiencies. The vitamers include (R)-pantothenic acid and its ionized and salt forms.. (R)-pantothenate : A pantothenate that is the conjugate base of (R)-pantothenic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. (R)-pantothenic acid : A pantothenic acid having R-configuration.	5.21	4	3	pantothenic acid; vitamin B5	antidote to curare poisoning; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite
taurocholic acid Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals.	2.78	3	0	amino sulfonic acid; bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite
rhodamine b rhodamine B: RN & N1 from 9th CI Form Index; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7973; TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE was see RHODAMINES 1975-93; use RHODAMINES to search TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE 1975-93. rhodamine B : An organic chloride salt having N-[9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-6-(diethylamino)-3H-xanthen-3-ylidene]-N-ethylethanaminium as the counterion. An amphoteric dye commonly used as a fluorochrome.	3.09	1	0	organic chloride salt; xanthene dye	fluorescent probe; fluorochrome; histological dye
methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.	6.8	11	2	6-methylprednisolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antiemetic; environmental contaminant; neuroprotective agent; xenobiotic
rotenone Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.	2.91	4	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones	antineoplastic agent; metabolite; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; phytogenic insecticide; piscicide; toxin
brompheniramine Brompheniramine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria.. brompheniramine : Pheniramine in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is substituted by bromine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, brompheniramine is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	3.23	1	0	organobromine compound; pyridines	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
penicillin v Penicillin V: A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections by susceptible gram-positive organisms.. phenoxymethylpenicillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(phenoxyacetyl)amino side-chain.	3.23	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin
isosorbide dinitrate Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.	3.23	1	0	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source	3.07	5	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones
thymol Thymol: A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent.. thymol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene.	2.68	3	0	monoterpenoid; phenols	volatile oil component
pseudoephedrine Pseudoephedrine: A phenethylamine that is an isomer of EPHEDRINE which has less central nervous system effects and usage is mainly for respiratory tract decongestion.. pseudoephedrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group.	3.23	1	0	phenylethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; central nervous system drug; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
diethylpropion Diethylpropion: A appetite depressant considered to produce less central nervous system disturbance than most drugs in this therapeutic category. It is also considered to be among the safest for patients with hypertension. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2290). diethylpropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone in which one of the hydrogens alpha- to the carbonyl is substituted by a diethylamino group. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, it is an appetite depressant and is used as the hydrochloride as an anoretic in the short term management of obesity.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ketone; tertiary amine	appetite depressant
quinoxalines quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4.	2.7	3	0	mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; naphthyridine; ortho-fused heteroarene
quinoline [no description available]	2.21	1	0	azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinolines
2-naphthylamine 2-Naphthylamine: A naphthalene derivative with carcinogenic action.. 2-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine carrying the amino group at position 2.	2.03	1	0	naphthylamine	carcinogenic agent
xanthenes Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring.	1.93	1	0	xanthene
propylparaben Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)	1.94	1	0	benzoate ester; paraben; phenols	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent
monosulfiram monosulfiram: monosulfide derivative of disulfide DISULFIRAM; structure	3.36	1	1	organosulfur compound
2-bromophenol bromophenol : A halophenol that is any phenol containing one or more covalently bonded bromine atoms.	1.96	1	0	bromophenol	marine metabolite
acetophenone acetophenone : A methyl ketone that is acetone in which one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.	3.31	1	0	acetophenones	animal metabolite; photosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
gamma-terpinene gamma-terpinene: RN given refers to gamma-terpinene; structure. gamma-terpinene : One of three isomeric monoterpenes differing in the positions of their two double bonds (alpha- and beta-terpinene being the others). In gamma-terpinene the double bonds are at the 1- and 4-positions of the p-menthane skeleton.	2.01	1	0	cyclohexadiene; monoterpene	antioxidant; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
4-cymene 4-cymene: structure. p-cymene : A monoterpene that is toluene substituted by an isopropyl group at position 4.	2.01	1	0	monoterpene; toluenes	human urinary metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
4-bromoacetophenone [no description available]	3.31	1	0
4-chloroacetophenone [no description available]	3.31	1	0
quinuclidines Quinuclidines: A class of organic compounds which contain two rings that share a pair of bridgehead carbon atoms and contains an amine group.	2.08	1	0	quinuclidines; saturated organic heterobicyclic parent
pyridostigmine bromide Pyridostigmine Bromide: A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants.	2.06	1	0	pyridinium salt
boric acid [no description available]	2.66	3	0	boric acids	astringent
phenylisothiocyanate phenylisothiocyanate: structure. phenyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenyl group attached to the nitrogen; used for amino acid sequencing in the Edman degradation.	3.31	1	0	isothiocyanate	allergen; reagent
phenetole phenetole : An aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen is bonded to an ethyl and a phenyl group.	1.98	1	0	aromatic ether
chlorphenesin Chlorphenesin: A centrally acting muscle relaxant. Its mode of action is unknown. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1203). chlorphenesin : Glycerol in which the hydrogen of one of the primary hydroxy groups is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group. It has antifungal and antibacterial properties, and is used for treatment of cutaneous and vaginal infections. Its 1-carbamate is used as a skeletal muscle relaxant for the treatment of painful muscle spasm.	1.94	1	0	glycol; monochlorobenzenes; propane-1,2-diols	antibacterial drug; antifungal drug; muscle relaxant
benzonatate benzonatate: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1107. benzonatate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of 4-butylaminobenzoic acid with nonaethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Structurally related to procaine and benzocaine, it has an anaesthetic effect on the stretch sensors in the lungs, and is used as a non-narcotic cough suppressant.	3.59	2	0	benzoate ester; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	anaesthetic; antitussive
4-methylbenzaldehyde p-tolualdehyde : A tolualdehyde compound with the methyl substituent at the 4-position.	3.31	1	0	tolualdehyde	plant metabolite
4-chlorobenzaldehyde [no description available]	3.31	1	0
citronellal citronellal: aldehyde of citronellol; found in citronella oil. citronellal : A monoterpenoid, the main component of citronella oil which gives it its distinctive lemon aroma.	2.11	1	0	aldehyde; monoterpenoid	antifungal agent; metabolite
4-bromophenol 4-bromophenol : A bromophenol containing only hydroxy and bromo substituents that are para to one another.	1.96	1	0	bromophenol	human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; marine metabolite; mouse metabolite; persistent organic pollutant; rat metabolite
isethionic acid Isethionic Acid: A colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.. isethionic acid : An alkanesulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is directly linked to a 2-hydroxyethyl group.	1.96	1	0	alkanesulfonic acid	human metabolite
bromobenzene [no description available]	1.96	1	0	bromoarene; bromobenzenes; volatile organic compound	hepatotoxic agent; mouse metabolite; non-polar solvent
n-pentanoic acid n-pentanoic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. valeric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid containing five carbon atoms.	1.98	1	0	short-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	plant metabolite
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.	2.36	2	0	pyrrole; secondary amine
thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.	2.66	3	0	mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
piperidine [no description available]	2.11	1	0	azacycloalkane; piperidines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent; secondary amine	base; catalyst; human metabolite; non-polar solvent; plant metabolite; protic solvent; reagent
diethanolamine diethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. diethanolamine : A member of the class of ethanolamines that is ethanolamine having a N-hydroxyethyl substituent.	1.95	1	0	ethanolamines	human xenobiotic metabolite
estradiol dipropionate estradiol dipropionate: RN given refers to (17beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not in Chemline 7/83	2.02	1	0	steroid ester
methylergonovine Methylergonovine: A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed)	3.23	1	0	ergoline alkaloid
phenformin Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis.	2.46	2	0	biguanides	antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent
bromcresol purple Bromcresol Purple: An indicator and reagent. It has been used for several purposes including the determination of serum albumin concentrations. bromocresol purple : A member of the class of 2,1-benzoxathioles that is 2,1-benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl groups. A hydrophilic dye that is used as a pH indicator and to measure serum albumin concentrations.	1.98	1	0	2,1-benzoxathiole; arenesulfonate ester; organobromine compound; polyphenol; sultone	acid-base indicator; dye; two-colour indicator
pentaerythritol pentaerythritol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6904. pentaerythritol : A tetrol that is neopentane in which one of the methyl hydrogens of all four methyl groups are replaced by hydroxy groups. It is a chemical intermediate used in the production of explosives, plastics, paints, appliances, and cosmetics.	2.05	1	0	primary alcohol; tetrol	flame retardant; laxative
dichlone dichlone: structure	2.05	1	0
framycetin Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.	13.45	130	28	aminoglycoside	allergen; antibacterial drug; Escherichia coli metabolite
meglumine Meglumine: 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.. N-methylglucamine : A hexosamine that is D-glucitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the nitrogen of a methylamino group. A crystalline base, it is used in preparing salts of certain acids for use as diagnostic radiopaque media, while its antimonate is used as an antiprotozoal in the treatment of leishmaniasis.	2.38	2	0	hexosamine; secondary amino compound
monobutyl phthalate monobutyl phthalate: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.05	1	0	phthalic acid monoester
cinchophen cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94	3.59	2	0	quinolines
captan Captan: One of the phthalimide fungicides.. captan : A dicarboximide that is 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydrophthalimide in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a trichloromethyl group. A non-systemic fungicide introduced in the 1950s, it is widely used for the control of fungal diseases in fruits, vegetables, and ornamental crops.	1.95	1	0	isoindoles; organochlorine compound; organosulfur compound; phthalimide fungicide	antifungal agrochemical
2-naphthol 2-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.. naphthols : Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent.	3.49	2	0	naphthol	antinematodal drug; genotoxin; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
sodium cyanide Sodium Cyanide: A highly poisonous compound that is an inhibitor of many metabolic processes and is used as a test reagent for the function of chemoreceptors. It is also used in many industrial processes.. sodium cyanide : A cyanide salt containing equal numbers of sodium cations and cyanide anions.	2.37	2	0	cyanide salt; one-carbon compound; sodium salt	EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor
yohimbine Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.	2.41	2	0	methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
3-o-methylglucose 3-O-Methylglucose: A non-metabolizable glucose analogue that is not phosphorylated by hexokinase. 3-O-Methylglucose is used as a marker to assess glucose transport by evaluating its uptake within various cells and organ systems. (J Neurochem 1993;60(4):1498-504). 3-O-methyl-D-glucose : A D-aldohexose that is D-glucose in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group at position 3 has been substituted by a methyl group. It is a non-metabolisable glucose analogue that is not phosphorylated by hexokinase and is used as a marker to assess glucose transport by evaluating its uptake within various cells and organ systems.	2.37	2	0	D-aldohexose derivative
nafcillin Nafcillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin.. nafcillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2-ethoxy-1-naphthoyl)amino group.	3.56	2	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
2-vanillin ortho-vanillin : A member of the class of benzaldehydes that is salicylaldehyde substituted by a methoxy group at position 3.	2.03	1	0	benzaldehydes; guaiacols	antimutagen; plant metabolite
potassium cyanide [no description available]	1.96	1	0	cyanide salt; one-carbon compound; potassium salt	EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; neurotoxin
methohexital Methohexital: An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.. methohexital : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by allyl and 1-methylpent-2-ynyl groups.	3.56	2	0	acetylenic compound; barbiturates	drug allergen; intravenous anaesthetic
acridines Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom.	4.3	6	0	acridines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene	genotoxin
cyclopentane Cyclopentanes: A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.. cyclopentanes : Cyclopentane and its derivatives formed by substitution.	4.17	5	0	cycloalkane; cyclopentanes; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
isoxazoles Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.	2.42	2	0	isoxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.	2.67	3	0	1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles [no description available]	3.49	8	0	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
pyrazines Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.	2.67	3	0	diazine; pyrazines	Daphnia magna metabolite
methylphenazonium methosulfate Methylphenazonium Methosulfate: Used as an electron carrier in place of the flavine enzyme of Warburg in the hexosemonophosphate system and also in the preparation of SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE.	1.98	1	0	azaheterocycle sulfate salt; phenazines
ephedrine Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively.	3.23	1	0	phenethylamine alkaloid; phenylethanolamines	bacterial metabolite; environmental contaminant; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
muscarine Muscarine: A toxic alkaloid found in Amanita muscaria (fly fungus) and other fungi of the Inocybe species. It is the first parasympathomimetic substance ever studied and causes profound parasympathetic activation that may end in convulsions and death. The specific antidote is atropine.	2.39	2	0	monosaccharide
edrophonium bromide [no description available]	2.06	1	0
estradiol 17 beta-cypionate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	steroid ester
evans blue Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.	1.97	1	0	organic sodium salt	fluorochrome; histological dye; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
testosterone enanthate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	heptanoate ester; sterol ester	androgen
aminophylline Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.	3.49	2	0	mixture	bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug
azacitidine Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.	3.23	1	0	N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent
fluocinonide Fluocinonide: A topical glucocorticoid used in the treatment of ECZEMA.	1.95	1	0	organic molecular entity
galantamine Galantamine: A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.. galanthamine : A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.	3.58	2	0	benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent; benzazepine alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	antidote to curare poisoning; cholinergic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
nandrolone decanoate Nandrolone Decanoate: Decanoic acid ester of nandrolone that is used as an anabolic agent to prevent or treat WASTING SYNDROME associated with severe chronic illness or HIV infection (HIV WASTING SYNDROME). It may also be used in the treatment of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.	3.23	1	0	steroid ester
cloflucarban cloflucarban: structure. halocarban : A phenylurea that is urea substituted by 4-chlorophenyl and 4-chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups at positions 1 and 3 respectively. It is often used in deodarants and soaps on account of its anbacterial properties.	2.6	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas	antibacterial agent
betamethasone Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)	5.73	11	2	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent
nandrolone Nandrolone: C18 steroid with androgenic and anabolic properties. It is generally prepared from alkyl ethers of ESTRADIOL to resemble TESTOSTERONE but less one carbon at the 19 position.. nandrolone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is estr-4-en-3-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 17.	2.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid	human metabolite
dextropropoxyphene Dextropropoxyphene: A narcotic analgesic structurally related to METHADONE. Only the dextro-isomer has an analgesic effect; the levo-isomer appears to exert an antitussive effect.. propoxyphene : A racemate of the (1R,2R)- and (1S,2R)- diastereoisomers.. dextropropoxyphene : The (1S,2R)-(+)-diastereoisomer of propoxyphene.	3.23	1	0	1-benzyl-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-phenylpropyl propanoate	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
chenodeoxycholic acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.	3.84	3	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
glycocholic acid Glycocholic Acid: The glycine conjugate of CHOLIC ACID. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed.. glycocholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having cholic acid as the bile acid component.. glycocholate : A cholanic acid conjugate anion that is the conjugate base of glycocholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	2.07	1	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
naphthazarin naphthazarin: fish toxin; isolated for first time from the walnut onigurmi, Juglans mandshurica maxim var. Sieboldiana Makino; structure. naphthazarin : A naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 8 are replaced by hydroxy groups.	2.71	3	0	hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone	acaricide; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; plant metabolite
liriodenine liriodenine: structure given in first source. liriodenine : An oxoaporphine alkaloid that is 4,5,6,6a-tetradehydronoraporphin-7-one substituted by a methylenedioxy group across positions 1 and 2. It is isolated from Annona glabra and has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.	2.05	1	0	alkaloid antibiotic; cyclic ketone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxacycle; oxoaporphine alkaloid	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; metabolite
fusarium Fusarium: A mitosporic Hypocreales fungal genus, various species of which are important parasitic pathogens of plants and a variety of vertebrates. Teleomorphs include GIBBERELLA.	4.95	12	0
plumbagin plumbagin: a superoxide anion generator. plumbagin : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are substituted by methyl and hydroxy groups, respectively.	2	1	0	hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone; phenols	anticoagulant; antineoplastic agent; immunological adjuvant; metabolite
emetine Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.	3.74	3	0	isoquinoline alkaloid; pyridoisoquinoline	antiamoebic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiviral agent; autophagy inhibitor; emetic; expectorant; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
bicuculline Bicuculline: An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors.. bicuculline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species.	2.4	2	0	benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines	agrochemical; central nervous system stimulant; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; GABAA receptor antagonist; neurotoxin
kainic acid Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.	2.4	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid	antinematodal drug; excitatory amino acid agonist
thymoquinone thymoquinone: constituent of cedarwood; can cause dermatitis; structure. thymoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-bezoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl and isopropyl groups, respectively. It is a natural compound isolated from Nigella sativa which has demonstrated promising chemotherapeutic activity.	2.82	2	0	1,4-benzoquinones	adjuvant; anti-inflammatory agent; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; plant metabolite
melarsoprol Melarsoprol: Arsenical used in trypanosomiases. It may cause fatal encephalopathy and other undesirable side effects.	2.11	1	0	triazines
carvacrol carvacrol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. An inhibitor of bacterial growth, it is used as a food additive. Potent activator of the human ion channels transient receptor potential V3 (TRPV3) and A1 (TRPA1).	2.42	2	0	botanical anti-fungal agent; p-menthane monoterpenoid; phenols	agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; flavouring agent; TRPA1 channel agonist; volatile oil component
4-hydroxybutyric acid 4-hydroxybutyric acid: was an entry term to Sodium Oxybate (74-98). 4-hydroxybutyric acid : A 4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a hydroxy group.	3.23	1	0	4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybutyric acid	general anaesthetic; GHB receptor agonist; neurotoxin; sedative
alpha-aminopyridine alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485. aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups.	1.96	1	0
thiazolidines Thiazolidines: Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES.	2.72	3	0	thiazolidine
oleanolic acid [no description available]	2.03	1	0	hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	plant metabolite
dihydroergotamine Dihydroergotamine: A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. dihydroergotamine : Ergotamine in which a single bond replaces the double bond between positions 9 and 10. A semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine, it is used (as the methanesulfonic or tartaric acid salts) for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.	3.59	2	0	ergot alkaloid; semisynthetic derivative	dopamine agonist; non-narcotic analgesic; serotonergic agonist; sympatholytic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
podophyllotoxin Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.	3.54	2	0	furonaphthodioxole; lignan; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator
medroxyprogesterone [no description available]	3.58	2	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
angelicin angelicin: used as tranquillizer; sedative; or anticonvulsant; structure	1.95	1	0	furanocoumarin
dimenhydrinate gravinol: has antioxidant and ant-inflammatory activities; structure in first source	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
1,2-naphthoquinone naphthalene-1,2-dione: structure given in first source. 1,2-naphthoquinone : The parent structure of the family of 1,2-naphthoquinones, in which the oxo groups of the quinone moiety are at positions 1 and 2 of the naphthalene ring. It is a metabolite of naphthalene and is found in diesel exhaust particles.	2.03	1	0	1,2-naphthoquinones	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent
gluconic acid gluconic acid: zinc gluconate has anti-inflammatory activity; RN given refers to (D)-isomer; all RRs refers to (D)-isomer unless otherwise noted. ketogluconic acid : A gluconic acid that contains a ketonic carbonyl group.. D-gluconic acid : A gluconic acid having D-configuration.	2.67	3	0	gluconic acid	chelator; Penicillium metabolite
copper gluconate Gluconates: Derivatives of gluconic acid (the structural formula HOCH2(CHOH)4COOH), including its salts and esters.	3.07	5	0	organic molecular entity
tropolone Tropolone: A seven-membered aromatic ring compound. It is structurally related to a number of naturally occurring antifungal compounds (ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS).. tropolone : A cyclic ketone that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It is a toxin produced by the agricultural pathogen Burkholderia plantarii.	2.02	1	0	alpha-hydroxy ketone; cyclic ketone; enol	bacterial metabolite; fungicide; toxin
methamphetamine Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.	3.23	1	0	amphetamines; secondary amine	central nervous system stimulant; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; psychotropic drug; xenobiotic
dicyclohexylcarbodiimide 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide : A carbodiimide compound having a cyclohexyl substituent on both nitrogen atoms.	2.36	2	0	carbodiimide	ATP synthase inhibitor; cross-linking reagent; peptide coupling reagent
levocarnitine (R)-carnitine : The (R)-enantiomer of carnitine.	3.85	3	0	carnitine	antilipemic drug; nootropic agent; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; water-soluble vitamin (role)
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.	2.13	1	0	dialdehyde	biomarker
n-hexadecane n-hexadecane: structure. hexadecane : A straight-chain alkane with 16 carbon atoms. It is a component of essential oil isolated from long pepper.	2.41	2	0	long-chain alkane	non-polar solvent; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
sulfanilylurea sulfanilylurea: antimicrobial agent; structure	3.59	2	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
eosine yellowish-(ys) Eosine Yellowish-(YS): A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.. eosin YS dye : An organic sodium salt that is 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromofluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions.	2.69	3	0	organic sodium salt; organobromine compound	fluorochrome; histological dye
gentian violet Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain.	9.13	29	2	organic chloride salt	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antiseptic drug; histological dye
lithium carbonate Lithium Carbonate: A lithium salt, classified as a mood-stabilizing agent. Lithium ion alters the metabolism of BIOGENIC MONOAMINES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, and affects multiple neurotransmission systems.	1.99	1	0	carbonate salt; lithium salt	antimanic drug
4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol 4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol: structure in first source. 4-terpineol : A terpineol that is 1-menthene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4.	2.25	1	0	terpineol; tertiary alcohol	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiparasitic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
congo red Congo Red: An acid dye used in testing for hydrochloric acid in gastric contents. It is also used histologically to test for AMYLOIDOSIS.. Congo Red : An indicator dye that is blue-violet at pH 3.0 and red at pH 5.0.	2.44	2	0	bis(azo) compound
lactulose [no description available]	3.59	2	0	glycosylfructose	gastrointestinal drug; laxative
diphenylamine Diphenylamine: In humans it may be irritating to mucous membranes. Methemoglobinemia has been produced experimentally. In veterinary use, it is one of active ingredients in topical agents for prevention and treatment of screwworm infestation. An indicator in tests for nitrate poisoning.. diphenylamine : An aromatic amine containing two phenyl substituents. It has been used as a fungicide for the treatment of superficial scald in apples and pears, but is no longer approved for this purpose within the European Union.	1.98	1	0	aromatic amine; bridged diphenyl fungicide; secondary amino compound	antifungal agrochemical; antioxidant; carotogenesis inhibitor; EC 1.3.99.29 [phytoene desaturase (zeta-carotene-forming)] inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger
3-bromophenol [no description available]	1.96	1	0
megestrol acetate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; steroid ester	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
pamabrom [no description available]	3.23	1	0
acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.	3.78	3	0	acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary
glycochenodeoxycholic acid Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.. glycochenodeoxycholate : A N-acylglycinate that is the conjugate base of glycochenodeoxycholic acid.. glycochenodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oyl as the bile acid component.	2.07	1	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	9.68	49	2	cyclic ketone; erythromycin
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate: The circulating form of a major C19 steroid produced primarily by the ADRENAL CORTEX. DHEA sulfate serves as a precursor for TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE.. dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate : A steroid sulfate that is the 3-sulfooxy derivative of dehydroepiandrosterone.	2.04	1	0	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
isosorbide Isosorbide: 1,4:3,6-Dianhydro D-glucitol. Chemically inert osmotic diuretic used mainly to treat hydrocephalus; also used in glaucoma.	2.06	1	0	organic molecular entity
nitrosoguanidines Nitrosoguanidines: Nitrosylated derivatives of guanidine. They are used as MUTAGENS in MOLECULAR BIOLOGY research.	3.04	5	0
methylnitrosourea Methylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by methyl and nitroso groups.	1.95	1	0	N-nitrosoureas	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; mutagen; teratogenic agent
2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone 2-amino-5-chlorbenzophenone: structure given in first source	3.31	1	0
levonorgestrel Levonorgestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.	3.56	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; female contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
vinblastine [no description available]	2.46	2	0
diphenoxylate Diphenoxylate: A MEPERIDINE congener used as an antidiarrheal, usually in combination with ATROPINE. At high doses, it acts like morphine. Its unesterified metabolite difenoxin has similar properties and is used similarly. It has little or no analgesic activity.. diphenoxylate : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of difenoxin.	3.23	1	0	ethyl ester; nitrile; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amine	antidiarrhoeal drug
1-methylpyridinium 1-methylpyridinium: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.07	1	0	methylpyridines
estradiol valerate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	steroid ester
pyrrolnitrin Pyrrolnitrin: 3-Chloro-4-(3-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)pyrrole. Antifungal antibiotic isolated from Pseudomonas pyrrocinia. It is effective mainly against Trichophyton, Microsporium, Epidermophyton, and Penicillium.. pyrrolnitrin : A member of the class of pyrroles carrying chloro and 3-chloro-2-nitrophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively.	1.95	1	0	alkaloid; C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes; pyrroles	antifungal drug; bacterial metabolite
ethambutol Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.	3.85	3	0	ethanolamines; ethylenediamine derivative	antitubercular agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde: structure in first source. 2-formylpyridine : A pyridinecarbaldehyde that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a formyl group.	3.31	1	0	pyridinecarbaldehyde
cadmium sulfide [no description available]	2.13	1	0	cadmium molecular entity
sodium hydroxide Sodium Hydroxide: A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	1.95	1	0	alkali metal hydroxide
zinc oxide Zinc Oxide: A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock.	3.25	6	0	zinc molecular entity
vancomycin Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.	12.52	59	11	glycopeptide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
glycyrrhizic acid glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.	2.75	3	0	enone; glucosiduronic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; tricarboxylic acid; triterpenoid saponin	EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	3.86	3	0	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
ibufenac ibufenac: used in the treatment of rheumatism; also possesses antipyretic properties; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search PHENYLACETATES (75-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. ibufenac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 4-isobutylphenyl group. Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the clinical use of ibufenac was discontinued due to hepatotoxic side-effects.	3.59	2	0	monocarboxylic acid	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
metaxalone [no description available]	3.23	1	0	aromatic ether
spectinomycin Spectinomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of GONORRHEA.. spectinomycin dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining spectinomycin with two molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea.. spectinomycin : A pyranobenzodioxin and antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis.	3.49	2	0	cyclic acetal; cyclic hemiketal; cyclic ketone; pyranobenzodioxin; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
tetrachloroisophthalonitrile tetrachloroisophthalonitrile: structure. chlorothalonil : A dinitrile that is benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile substituted by four chloro groups. A non-systemic fungicide first introduced in the 1960s, it is used to control a range of diseases in a wide variety of crops.	3.17	1	0	aromatic fungicide; dinitrile; tetrachlorobenzene	antifungal agrochemical
orange g orange G : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of 7-hydroxy-8-[(E)-phenyldiazenyl]naphthalene-1,3-disulfonic acid. It is often combined with other yellow dyes in alcoholic solution to stain erythrocytes in trichrome methods, and is used for demonstrating cells in the pancreas and pituitary.	2.03	1	0
dronabinol Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.	3.56	2	0	benzochromene; diterpenoid; phytocannabinoid; polyketide	cannabinoid receptor agonist; epitope; hallucinogen; metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic
amiloride Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.	7.61	43	0	aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
pimozide Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.	3.56	2	0	benzimidazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound	antidyskinesia agent; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
flumethasone Flumethasone: An anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in veterinary practice.	1.94	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug
betamethasone valerate Betamethasone Valerate: The 17-valerate derivative of BETAMETHASONE. It has substantial topical anti-inflammatory activity and relatively low systemic anti-inflammatory activity.. betamethasone valerate : A steroid ester that is betamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position has been converted to the corresponding pentanoate ester.	3.77	2	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid ester	anti-inflammatory drug
phenethyl isothiocyanate phenethyl isothiocyanate: a dietary liver aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; promotes urinary bladder carcinoma. phenethyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables (e.g. watercress) and is known to possess anticancer properties.	2.46	2	0	isothiocyanate	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; metabolite
fluorescein Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy.	2.69	3	0	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; polyphenol; xanthene dye	fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium
methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate: A water-soluble ester of METHYLPREDNISOLONE used for cardiac, allergic, and hypoxic emergencies.	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone; hemisuccinate
dexbrompheniramine dexbrompheniramine : The (pharmacologically active) (S)-(+)-enantiomer of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	3.23	1	0	brompheniramine	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
pontamine sky blue [no description available]	2.03	1	0
stavudine Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase	4.04	4	0	dihydrofuran; nucleoside analogue; organic molecular entity	antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
dicloxacillin Dicloxacillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.. dicloxacillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl]formyl group.	3.49	2	0	dichlorobenzene; penicillin	antibacterial drug
copper(ii) nitrate copper(II) nitrate : An inorganic nitrate salt having copper(2+) as the couterion.	2.06	1	0	inorganic nitrate salt
2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol 2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol: structure given in first source	2	1	0	primary alcohol
fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.	2.99	4	0	fluorescein isothiocyanate
sabinene sabinene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. sabinene : A thujene that is a bicyclic monoterpene isolated from the essential oils of various plant species.	1.94	1	0	thujene	plant metabolite
mannose mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose.	1.95	1	0	D-aldohexose; D-mannose; mannopyranose	metabolite
dithiothreitol 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol.	2.36	2	0	1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol; butanediols; dithiol; glycol; thiol	chelator; human metabolite; reducing agent
cyclacillin Cyclacillin: A cyclohexylamido analog of PENICILLANIC ACID.	2.02	1	0	penicillin	antibacterial drug
megestrol Megestrol: A progestational hormone used most commonly as the acetate ester. As the acetate, it is more potent than progesterone both as a progestagen and as an ovulation inhibitor. It has also been used in the palliative treatment of breast cancer.. megestrol : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a hydroxy group at position 17.	3.23	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
2-tert-butyl-4-quinone 2-tert-butyl-4-quinone: a metabolite of butylated hydroxyanisole ; structure given in first source	2.52	2	0
tranylcypromine Tranylcypromine: A propylamine formed from the cyclization of the side chain of amphetamine. This monoamine oxidase inhibitor is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in panic and phobic disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311). tranylcypromine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine. An irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant (INN tranylcypromine).. (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1R,2S)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine.	2.02	1	0	2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine
streptomycin [no description available]	7.78	61	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; antibiotic fungicide; streptomycins	antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; antimicrobial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
carbonates Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). carbonates : Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3.	1.95	1	0	carbon oxoanion
cladribine [no description available]	3.56	2	0	organochlorine compound; purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent
beclomethasone [no description available]	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; corticosteroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug
carbenicillin Carbenicillin: Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.. carbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain.	4.48	4	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
nifuratel Nifuratel: Local antiprotozoal and antifungal agent that may also be given orally.	6.43	12	4
estradiol enanthate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	steroid ester
floxacillin Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.	2.04	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
clomacran clomacran: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.59	2	0	acridines
dihydrostreptomycin sulfate Dihydrostreptomycin Sulfate: A semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic that is used in the treatment of TUBERCULOSIS.	2.63	3	0
betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; propanoate ester; steroid ester	antipsoriatic
iodinated glycerol iodinated glycerol: secretolytic agent; RN given refers to cpd without iodine locant	2.06	1	0	dioxolane
6-n-hydroxylaminopurine N(6)-hydroxyadenine : A member of the class of 6-aminopurinnes that is adenine in which one of the exocyclic amino hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	1.96	1	0	6-aminopurines; hydroxylamines; nucleobase analogue	mutagen; teratogenic agent
methenamine hippurate methenamine hippurate: both parts of molecule contribute to its antibacterial action	3.23	1	0	N-acylglycine
olsalazine olsalazine: cpd with 2 salicylate molecules linked together by an azo bond. olsalazine : An azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.	3.56	2	0	azobenzenes; dicarboxylic acid	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug
n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration.	2.68	3	0	amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound	neurotransmitter agent
dysprosium Dysprosium: An element of the rare earth family that has the atomic symbol Dy, atomic number 66, and atomic weight 162.50. Dysprosium is a silvery metal used primarily in the form of various salts.	2.37	2	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
lanthanum [no description available]	2.38	2	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom; scandium group element atom
manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4.	2.36	2	0	elemental manganese; manganese group element atom	Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient
mercury Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero.	4.02	3	1	elemental mercury; zinc group element atom	neurotoxin
palladium Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46.	1.94	1	0	metal allergen; nickel group element atom; platinum group metal atom
praseodymium Praseodymium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Pr, atomic number 59, and atomic weight 140.91.	2.36	2	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.	4.53	8	0	copper group element atom; elemental silver	Escherichia coli metabolite
titanium Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures.	2.75	3	0	titanium group element atom
actinium Actinium: A trivalent radioactive element and the prototypical member of the actinide family. It has the atomic symbol Ac, and atomic number 89. Its principal isotope is 227 and it decays primarily by beta-emission.	2.06	1	0	actinoid atom; f-block element atom; scandium group element atom
cadmium Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common.	2.68	3	0	cadmium molecular entity; zinc group element atom
chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24.	1.93	1	0	chromium group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
gadolinium Gadolinium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors.	2.4	2	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.	2.39	2	0	copper group element atom; elemental gold
uranium Uranium: A radioactive element of the actinide series of metals. It has an atomic symbol U, atomic number 92, and atomic weight 238.03. U-235 is used as the fissionable fuel in nuclear weapons and as fuel in nuclear power reactors.	2.64	3	0	actinoid atom; f-block element atom; monoatomic uranium
zalcitabine Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.	2.71	3	0	pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
magnesium sulfate Magnesium Sulfate: A small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells. Excitation and contraction are uncoupled, which decreases the frequency and force of contractions. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1083). magnesium sulfate : A magnesium salt having sulfate as the counterion.	2.64	3	0	magnesium salt; metal sulfate; organic magnesium salt	anaesthetic; analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; fertilizer; tocolytic agent
mercuric chloride Mercuric Chloride: Mercury chloride (HgCl2). A highly toxic compound that volatizes slightly at ordinary temperature and appreciably at 100 degrees C. It is corrosive to mucous membranes and used as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant.. mercury dichloride : A mercury coordination entity made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a mercury atom is bonded to two chlorines. Water-soluble, it is highly toxic. Once used in a wide variety of applications, including preserving wood and anatomical specimens, embalming and disinfecting, as an intensifier in photography, as a mordant for rabbit and beaver furs, and freeing gold from lead, its use has markedly declined as less toxic alternatives have been developed.	2.1	1	0	mercury coordination entity	sensitiser
acetylglucosamine Acetylglucosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine : An N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre.	5.16	3	1	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine	epitope
phosphoric acid, trisodium salt [no description available]	2	1	0	sodium phosphate
camptothecin NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.15	1	0	delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite
ferric chloride ferric chloride: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Fe-Cl3; used to induce experimental arterial thrombosis to evaluate antithrombotic agents	1.96	1	0	iron coordination entity	astringent; Lewis acid
bromine Bromine: A halogen with the atomic symbol Br, atomic number 35, and atomic weight 79.904. It is a volatile reddish-brown liquid that gives off suffocating vapors, is corrosive to the skin, and may cause severe gastroenteritis if ingested.	1.96	1	0	diatomic bromine
barium sulfate Barium Sulfate: A compound used as an x-ray contrast medium that occurs in nature as the mineral barite. It is also used in various manufacturing applications and mixed into heavy concrete to serve as a radiation shield.. barium sulfate : A metal sulfate with formula BaO4S. Virtually insoluble in water at room temperature, it is mostly used as a component in oil well drilling fluid it occurs naturally as the mineral barite.	1.95	1	0	barium salt; inorganic barium salt; metal sulfate	radioopaque medium
zinc sulfate Zinc Sulfate: A compound given in the treatment of conditions associated with zinc deficiency such as acrodermatitis enteropathica. Externally, zinc sulfate is used as an astringent in lotions and eye drops. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1995). zinc sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having zinc(2+) as the counterion.	2.43	2	0	metal sulfate; zinc molecular entity	fertilizer
potassium nitrate potassium nitrate: RN given refers to cpd with MF of K-HNO3; when combined with charcoal and sulfur it can form EXPLOSIVE AGENTS. potassium nitrate : The inorganic nitrate salt of potassium.	1.96	1	0	inorganic nitrate salt; potassium salt	fertilizer
chromates Chromates: Salts of chromic acid containing the CrO(2-)4 radical.. chromate(2-) : A chromium oxoanion resulting from the removal of two protons from chromic acid.	1.94	1	0	chromium oxoanion; divalent inorganic anion	oxidising agent
copper sulfate Copper Sulfate: A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.. copper(II) sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion.	2	1	0	metal sulfate	emetic; fertilizer; sensitiser
silver nitrate Silver Nitrate: A silver salt with powerful germicidal activity. It has been used topically to prevent OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM.	2.64	3	0	inorganic nitrate salt; silver salt	astringent
sodium thiosulfate sodium thiosulfate: do not confuse synonym sodium hyposulfite with sodium hyposulfite, synonym for di-Na salt of dithionous acid. sodium thiosulfate : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and thiosulfate ions in a 2:1 ratio.	3.23	1	0	inorganic sodium salt	antidote to cyanide poisoning; antifungal drug; nephroprotective agent
zinc nitrate [no description available]	2.06	1	0
fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.	3.74	3	0	diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity	NMR chemical shift reference compound
chlorine Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.	3.06	5	0	diatomic chlorine; gas molecular entity	bleaching agent
butylated hydroxyanisole [no description available]	2.48	2	0
galactose aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end.	2.86	4	0
poloxalene Poloxalene: A copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene ether glycol. It is a non-ionic polyol surface-active agent used medically as a fecal softener and in cattle for prevention of bloat.. pluronic : A triblock copolymer composed of a central hydrophobic chain of poly(propylene oxide) flanked by two hydrophilic chains of poly(ethylene oxide).	1.95	1	0	epoxide
vasotocin Vasotocin: A nonapeptide that contains the ring of OXYTOCIN and the side chain of ARG-VASOPRESSIN with the latter determining the specific recognition of hormone receptors. Vasotocin is the non-mammalian vasopressin-like hormone or antidiuretic hormone regulating water and salt metabolism.. vasotocin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is homologous to oxytocin and vasopressin. It is a pituitary hormone that acts as an endocrine regulator for water balance, osmotic homoeostasis and is involved in social and sexual behavior in non-mammalian vertebrates.	2.71	3	0
sodium selenite disodium selenite : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and selenite ions in a 2:1 ratio.	2	1	0	inorganic sodium salt; selenite salt	nutraceutical
4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan: A benzofuran derivative used as a protein reagent since the terminal N-NBD-protein conjugate possesses interesting fluorescence and spectral properties. It has also been used as a covalent inhibitor of both beef heart mitochondrial ATPase and bacterial ATPase.. 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan : A benzoxadiazole that is 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine and at position 7 by a nitro group.	2.01	1	0	benzoxadiazole; C-nitro compound; organochlorine compound	EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.1.3 (adenosinetriphosphatase) inhibitor; fluorescent probe; fluorochrome
barium chloride barium chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd. barium chloride : The inorganic dichloride salt of barium.	1.96	1	0	barium salt; inorganic chloride	potassium channel blocker
chlormerodrin Chlormerodrin: A mercurial compound that has been used as a diuretic but is now superseded by more potent and less toxic drugs. The radiolabeled form has been used as a diagnostic and research tool.. chlormerodrin : Urea in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a 3-chloromercury-2-methoxyprop-1-yl group. It was formerly used as a diuretic, but more potent and less toxic drugs are now available. Its radiolabelled ((197)Hg, (203)Hg) forms were used in diagnostic aids in renal imaging and brain scans.	1.94	1	0	organomercury compound; ureas	diagnostic agent; diuretic
trolamine salicylate Arthritis: Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.	3.21	6	0
carbendazim carbendazim: carcinogen when combined with sodium nitrite; principle metabolite of thiophanate methyl & benomyl; structure. carbendazim : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 2-aminobenzimidazole in which the primary amino group is substituted by a methoxycarbonyl group. A fungicide, carbendazim controls Ascomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti, and Basidiomycetes on a wide variety of crops, including bananas, cereals, cotton, fruits, grapes, mushrooms, ornamentals, peanuts, sugarbeet, soybeans, tobacco, and vegetables.	3.58	2	0	benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug; metabolite; microtubule-destabilising agent
ammonium chloride Ammonium Chloride: An acidifying agent that has expectorant and diuretic effects. Also used in etching and batteries and as a flux in electroplating.. ammonium chloride : An inorganic chloride having ammonium as the counterion.	2.49	2	0	ammonium salt; inorganic chloride	ferroptosis inhibitor
ethionine L-ethionine : An S-ethylhomocysteine that has S-configuration at the chiral centre.	3.04	1	0	S-ethylhomocysteine	antimetabolite; carcinogenic agent
titanium dioxide titanium dioxide: used medically as protectant against externally caused irritation & sunlight; high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to respiratory tract; RN given refers to titanium oxide (TiO2); structure. titanium dioxide : A titanium oxide with the formula TiO2. A naturally occurring oxide sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase, it has a wide range of applications.	2.49	2	0	titanium oxides	food colouring
tiletamine hydrochloride Cyclohexanones: Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.. cyclohexanones : Any alicyclic ketone based on a cyclohexane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.	1.95	1	0
selegiline Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.	3.56	2	0	selegiline; terminal acetylenic compound	geroprotector
levamisole Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.	4.27	4	1	6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole	antinematodal drug; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; immunological adjuvant; immunomodulator
ipronidazole Ipronidazole: An antihistomonal agent with low toxicity. It also promotes growth and feed utilization in poultry.	1.95	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles
clemastine Clemastine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.. clemastine : 2-[(2R)-1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is substituted by a 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylethyl group (R configuration). An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used as its fumarate salt for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.	3.59	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpyrrolidine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
cephalexin Cephalexin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.. cephalexin : A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract.	4.03	4	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
cromolyn sodium Cromolyn Sodium: A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized MAST CELLS. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.. disodium cromoglycate : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid.	2.06	1	0	organic sodium salt	anti-asthmatic drug; drug allergen
isosorbide-5-mononitrate isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug	2.02	1	0	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
eedq EEDQ: peptide coupling reagent	1.96	1	0
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.	3.24	6	0	acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator
ornidazole Ornidazole: A nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent used in ameba and trichomonas infections. It is partially plasma-bound and also has radiation-sensitizing action.. ornidazole : A C-nitro compound that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl and methyl groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of susceptible protozoal infections and for the treatment of anaerobic bacterial infections.	3.17	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; organochlorine compound; secondary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antiprotozoal drug; antitrichomonal drug; epitope
fluorides [no description available]	2.88	4	0	halide anion; monoatomic fluorine
danazol Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.	3.85	3	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	anti-estrogen; estrogen antagonist; geroprotector
fenclozic acid fenclozic acid: an analgesic & antipyretic with anti-inflammatory properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search THIAZOLES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd	3.59	2	0
laxagetten 4,4'-diacetoxydiphenylpyridylemethane [no description available]	3.59	2	0
iodine [no description available]	4.91	12	0	halide anion; monoatomic iodine	human metabolite
daunorubicin Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.	4.5	4	0	aminoglycoside antibiotic; anthracycline; p-quinones; tetracenequinones	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
cephapirin Cephapirin: Cephalosporin antibiotic, partly plasma-bound, that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.. cephapirin : A cephalosporin with acetoxymethyl and 2(pyridin-4-ylsulfanyl)acetamido substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used (as its sodium salt) as an antibiotic, being effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.	2.02	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
fludarabine phosphate fludarabine phosphate: structure given in first source. fludarabine phosphate : A purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate having 2-fluoroadenine as the nucleobase. A prodrug, it is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. Once incorporated into DNA, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP functions as a DNA chain terminator. It is used for the treatment of adult patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have not responded to, or whose disease has progressed during, treatment with at least one standard alkylating-agent containing regimenas.	3.23	1	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
alclofenac alclofenac: was heading 1975-94 (was see under PHENYLACETATES 1975-90); use PHENYLACETATES to search ALCLOFENAC 1975-94; an anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; acts also as an analgesic and an antipyretic. alclofenac : An aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen links an allyl group to the 4-position of (3-chlorophenyl)acetic acid.A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the UK market in 1979 due to concerns with its association with vasculitis and rash.	3.59	2	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	drug allergen; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
bromocriptine Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.	3.56	2	0	indole alkaloid	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; hormone antagonist
ergocristine ergocristine: an ergot alkaloid; one of the three components of ergotoxine; has alpha blocking action, stimulates smooth muscles & antagonizes serotonin; used as oxytocic & in peripheral disorders; minor descriptor (77-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search EROLINES (77-86); RN given refers to ((5'alpha)-isomer). ergocristine : Ergotaman bearing benzyl, hydroxy, and isopropyl groups at the 5', 12' and 2' positions, respectively, and oxo groups at positions 3', 6', and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid.	2.04	1	0	ergot alkaloid
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	3.56	9	0	benzenes; phenyl acetates
4-anisaldehyde 4-anisaldehyde: RN given refers to cpd with specified locants for methoxy moieties; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #696. p-methoxybenzaldehyde : A member of the class of benzaldehydes consisting of benzaldehyde itself carrying a methoxy substituent at position 4.	3.31	1	0	benzaldehydes	bacterial metabolite; human urinary metabolite; insect repellent; plant metabolite
triamcinolone Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.	6.39	13	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
oxyphenisatin [no description available]	3.59	2	0	indoles
fludrocortisone Fludrocortisone: A synthetic mineralocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity.	4.14	5	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; fluorinated steroid; mineralocorticoid	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
ursodeoxycholic acid Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	3.81	3	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
pyrene pyrene: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7746. pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.	2.48	2	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	fluorescent probe; persistent organic pollutant
metipranolol Metipranolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist effective for both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. It is used as an antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, and antiglaucoma agent.. metipranolol : 3-(Propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is substituted by a 4-acetoxy-2,3,5-trimethylphenoxy group. A non-cardioselective beta-blocker, it is used to lower intra-ocular pressure in the management of open-angle glaucoma.	2.02	1	0	acetate ester; aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
halazepam halazepam: structure	2.02	1	0	organic molecular entity
du-21220 Ritodrine: An adrenergic beta-2 agonist used to control PREMATURE LABOR.. 4-[2-[[1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol : A secondary amino compound that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxypropyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl group.	2.43	2	0	benzyl alcohols; polyphenol; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
8-bromo cyclic adenosine monophosphate 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate: A long-acting derivative of cyclic AMP. It is an activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.. 8-Br-cAMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic AMP bearing an additional bromo substituent at position 8 on the adenine ring. An activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.	2.7	3	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; adenyl ribonucleotide; organobromine compound	antidepressant; protein kinase agonist
transferrin Transferrin: An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states.	2.94	4	0
alkenes [no description available]	5.12	15	0
calcium oxalate Calcium Oxalate: The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.. calcium oxalate : The calcium salt of oxalic acid, which in excess in the urine may lead to formation of oxalate calculi (kidney stones).	2.08	1	0	organic calcium salt
glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.	3.49	8	0	glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical
dexchlorpheniramine dexchlorpheniramine: RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer	3.23	1	0	chlorphenamine
clometacin clometacin: structure	3.59	2	0	N-acylindole
cefazolin Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.. cefazolin : A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	3.82	3	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; tetrazoles; thiadiazoles	antibacterial drug
sodium azide Sodium Azide: A cytochrome oxidase inhibitor which is a nitridizing agent and an inhibitor of terminal oxidation. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). sodium azide : The sodium salt of hydrogen azide (hydrazoic acid).	2.46	2	0	inorganic sodium salt	antibacterial agent; explosive; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mutagen
azides Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3.	2.65	3	0	pseudohalide anion	mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
adenosine diphosphate ribose Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose: An ester formed between the aldehydic carbon of RIBOSE and the terminal phosphate of ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE. It is produced by the hydrolysis of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) by a variety of enzymes, some of which transfer an ADP-ribosyl group to target proteins.	1.99	1	0	ADP-sugar	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
amoxicillin Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.	5.01	7	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
timolol (S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.	3.84	3	0	timolol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
tramadol Tramadol: A narcotic analgesic proposed for severe pain. It may be habituating.. tramadol : A racemate consisting of equal amounts of (R,R)- and (S,S)-tramadol. A centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic, used (as the hydrochloride salt) to treat moderately severe pain. The (R,R)-enantiomer exhibits ten-fold higher analgesic potency than the (S,S)-enantiomer. Originally developed by Gruenenthal GmbH and launched in 1977, it was subsequently isolated from the root bark of the South African tree Nauclea latifolia.. (R,R)-tramadol : A 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol in which both stereocentres have R-configuration; the (R,R)-enantiomer of the racemic opioid analgesic tramadol, it exhibits ten-fold higher analgesic potency than the (S,S)-enantiomer.	2.1	1	0	2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antitussive; capsaicin receptor antagonist; delta-opioid receptor agonist; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; muscarinic antagonist; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; opioid analgesic; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
nigericin Nigericin: A polyether antibiotic which affects ion transport and ATPase activity in mitochondria. It is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). nigericin : A polyether antibiotic which affects ion transport and ATPase activity in mitochondria. It is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus.	2.9	4	0	polycyclic ether	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; potassium ionophore
oxcarbazepine Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy.	3.23	1	0	cyclic ketone; dibenzoazepine	anticonvulsant; drug allergen
carbidopa carbidopa (anhydrous) : 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used (commonly as its hydrate) in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa.	3.23	1	0	catechols; hydrazines; monocarboxylic acid	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
moricizine Moricizine: An antiarrhythmia agent used primarily for ventricular rhythm disturbances.. moricizine : A phenothiazine substituted on the nitrogen by a 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propanoyl group, and at position 2 by an (ethoxycarbonyl)amino group.	3.56	2	0	carbamate ester; morpholines; phenothiazines	anti-arrhythmia drug
amineptin amineptin: used in treatment of neuroses with psychoasthenic, anxio-phobic & depressive manifestations; synonym S 1694 refers to HCl; structure. amineptine : A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne.	3.59	2	0	amino acid; carbocyclic fatty acid; carbotricyclic compound; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor
bitolterol bitolterol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bitolterol : The di-4-toluate ester of (+-)-N-tert-butylnoradrenaline (colterol). A pro-drug for colterol, a beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist, bitolterol is used as its methanesulfonate salt for relief of bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema.	2.02	1	0	carboxylic ester; diester; ethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; prodrug
zidovudine Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.	4.62	8	0	azide; pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
pirprofen pirprofen: anti-inflammatory agent used in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis; prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor; more potent than indomethacin; structure	3.59	2	0	pyrroline
tobramycin Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.	8.45	16	3	amino cyclitol glycoside	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; toxin
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).	5.26	9	0	taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent
etoposide [no description available]	4.51	7	0	beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
substance p [no description available]	1.97	1	0	peptide	neurokinin-1 receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
dobutamine Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.	3.85	3	0	catecholamine; secondary amine	beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
enilconazole enilconazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. enilconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-enilconazole. A fungicide used to control a wide range of fungi including Tilletia and Helminthosporium spp. on fruit, vegetables and ornamentals. In veterinary medicine, it is used topically for the treatment of fungal skin infections in cattle, dogs, and horses; it is also used by inhalation for the treatment of aspergillosis in ostriches.. 1-[2-(allyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles in which the hydrogen at position 1 is replaced by a 2-(allyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl group.	3.11	1	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
penbutolol Penbutolol: A nonselective beta-blocker used as an antihypertensive and an antianginal agent.	3.85	3	0	ethanolamines
ribavirin Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename	3.85	3	0	1-ribosyltriazole; aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
amikacin Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.	4.77	9	0	alpha-D-glucoside; amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside; carboxamide	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; nephrotoxin
phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems.	2.69	3	0	butyrate ester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
fluorescamine Fluorescamine: A nonfluorescent reagent for the detection of primary amines, peptides and proteins. The reaction products are highly fluorescent.	1.95	1	0
carbidopa [no description available]	2.06	1	0	catechols; hydrate; hydrazines; monocarboxylic acid	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
cephradine Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.	3.23	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
ticrynafen Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.	3.59	2	0	aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antihypertensive agent; hepatotoxic agent; loop diuretic
guanadrel guanadrel: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. guanadrel : A spiroketal resulting from the formal condensation of the keto group of cyclohexanone with the hydroxy groups of 1-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)guanidine. A postganglionic adrenergic blocking agent formerly used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the management of hypertension, it has been largely superseded by other drugs less likely to cause orthostatic hypotension (dizzy spells on standing up or stretching).	2.02	1	0	guanidines; spiroketal	adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent
methyldopa Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.	3.85	3	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; hapten; peripheral nervous system drug; sympatholytic agent
ciclopirox olamine ciclopirox olamine : The ethanolamine salt of ciclopirox. A broad spectrum antigfungal agent, it also exhibits antibacterial activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and has anti-inflammatory properties. It is used a a topical treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.	2.03	1	0
tocainide Tocainide: An antiarrhythmic agent which exerts a potential- and frequency-dependent block of SODIUM CHANNELS.. tocainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide in which 2,6-dimethylphenylaniline and isobutyric acid have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.	2.02	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	anti-arrhythmia drug; local anaesthetic; sodium channel blocker
sq-11725 Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.	2.02	1	0
diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.	4.07	4	0	5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
triadimefon 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorophenyl group.	1.99	1	0	aromatic ether; hemiaminal ether; ketone; monochlorobenzenes; triazoles
levobunolol Levobunolol: The L-Isomer of bunolol.. levobunolol : A cyclic ketone that is 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1-one substituted at position 5 by a 3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy group (the S-enantiomer). A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist used (as its hydrochloride salt) for treatment of glaucoma.	2.02	1	0	aromatic ether; cyclic ketone; propanolamine	antiglaucoma drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.46	2	0	pyridinium ion	apoptosis inducer; herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; neurotoxin
vecuronium bromide Vecuronium Bromide: Monoquaternary homolog of PANCURONIUM. A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with shorter duration of action than pancuronium. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination as well as its short duration of action and easy reversibility provide advantages over, or alternatives to, other established neuromuscular blocking agents.. vecuronium bromide : The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidinino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.	2.02	1	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent; nicotinic antagonist
vecuronium vecuronium : A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.	3.23	1	0	acetate ester; androstane; quaternary ammonium ion	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent; nicotinic antagonist
benoxaprofen benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.	3.59	2	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes	antipsoriatic; antipyretic; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; nephrotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; protein kinase C agonist
permethrin hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141	2.02	1	0	cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; cyclopropanes	agrochemical; ectoparasiticide; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide; scabicide
exifone [no description available]	3.59	2	0	benzophenones
6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid [no description available]	2.04	1	0	chromanol; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger; Wnt signalling inhibitor
mefloquine (-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-mefloquine : An optically active form of [2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol having (-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-configuration. An antimalarial agent, used in racemic form, which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.	3.62	2	0	[2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol	antimalarial
nitazoxanide nitazoxanide: a 5-nitrothiazolyl derivative used for a broad range of intestinal parasitic infections including CRYPTOSPORIDIUM and GIARDIA; it is a redox-active nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide prodrug	3.23	1	0	benzamides; carboxylic ester
sufentanil Sufentanil: An opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent.. sufentanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of 4-(methoxymethyl)-N-phenyl-1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	3.56	2	0	anilide; ether; piperidines; thiophenes	anaesthesia adjuvant; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
acarbose [no description available]	4.18	2	0	tetrasaccharide derivative	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent
torsemide Torsemide: A pyridine and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a sodium-potassium chloride symporter inhibitor (loop diuretic). It is used for the treatment of EDEMA associated with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY; and LIVER DISEASES. It is also used for the management of HYPERTENSION.. torasemide : An N-sulfonylurea obtained by formal condensation of [(3-methylphenyl)amino]pyridine-3-sulfonic acid with the free amino group of N-isopropylurea. It is a potent loop diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and edema in patients with congestive heart failure.	3.56	2	0	aminopyridine; N-sulfonylurea; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; loop diuretic
epirubicin Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.	3.64	2	0	aminoglycoside; anthracycline antibiotic; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative; p-quinones; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
cefmetazole Cefmetazole: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.. cefmetazole : A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having N(1)-methyltetrazol-5-ylthiomethyl, {[(cyanomethyl)sulfanyl]acetyl}amino and methoxy side-groups at positions 3, 7beta and 7alpha respectively of the parent cephem bicyclic structure.	2.02	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
desflurane Desflurane: A fluorinated ether that is used as a volatile anesthetic for maintenance of general anesthesia.	2.02	1	0	organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
metalaxyl metalaxyl: RN given refers to (DL-Ala)-isomer. metalaxyl : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-metalaxyl. A systemic fungicide, it is active against phytopathogens of the order Peronosporales and is used to conrtrol Pythium in a number of vegetable crops.. methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate : An alanine derivative that is methyl alaninate in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a methoxyacetyl group, while the other is substituted by a 2,6-dimethylphenyl group.	2.02	1	0	alanine derivative; aromatic amide; carboxamide; ether; methyl ester
idarubicin Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.	3.56	2	0	anthracycline antibiotic; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative
laurocapram laurocapram: enhances percutaneous absorption of different chemicals; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
propiconazole Orbit: Bony cavity that holds the eyeball and its associated tissues and appendages.	3.03	5	0	conazole fungicide; cyclic ketal; dichlorobenzene; triazole fungicide; triazoles	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cefonicid Cefonicid: A second-generation cephalosporin administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Its bactericidal action results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis. It is used for urinary tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, and soft tissue and bone infections.. cefonicid : A cephalosporin bearing {[1-(sulfomethyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and (R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	2.02	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
piperacillin Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.	3.56	2	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
paroxetine Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.	4.08	4	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxoles; organofluorine compound; piperidines	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; hepatotoxic agent; P450 inhibitor; serotonin uptake inhibitor
captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.	4.25	5	0	alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
cefoperazone Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections.. cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance.	3.56	2	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
staurosporine [no description available]	2.15	1	0	indolocarbazole alkaloid; organic heterooctacyclic compound	apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; geroprotector
lodoxamide [no description available]	2.02	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
atracurium Atracurium: A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with short duration of action. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and its lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination provide clinical advantage over alternate non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents.. atracurium : A diester compound consisting of pentane-1,5-diol with both hydroxyls bearing 3-[1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium-2(1H)-yl]propanoyl groups.	3.85	3	0	diester; quaternary ammonium ion	muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
butoconazole nitrate butoconazole nitrate : An organic nitrate salt obtained by reaction of equimolar amounts of butaconazole and nitric acid. An antifungal agent, it is used in gynaecology for treatment of vulvovaginal infections caused by Candida species, particularly Candida albicans.	1.95	1	0	aryl sulfide; conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; organic nitrate salt
butoconazole butoconazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. butoconazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)sulfanyl]butyl group. An antifungal agent, it is used as its nitrate salt in gynaecology for treatment of vulvovaginal infections caused by Candida species, particularly Candida albicans.	2.02	1	0	aryl sulfide; conazole antifungal drug; dichlorobenzene; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes
naftifine naftifine: allylamine der; RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. naftifine : A tertiary amine in which the nitrogen is substituted by methyl, alpha-naphthylmethyl, and (1E)-cinnamyl groups. It is used (usually as its hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of fungal skin infections.	2.02	1	0	allylamine antifungal drug; naphthalenes; tertiary amine	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
pergolide Pergolide: A long-acting dopamine agonist which has been used to treat PARKINSON DISEASE and HYPERPROLACTINEMIA but withdrawn from some markets due to potential for HEART VALVE DISEASES.. pergolide : A diamine that is ergoline in which the beta-hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a (methylthio)methyl group and the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is replaced by a propyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used as the mesylate salt in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.	3.56	2	0	diamine; methyl sulfide; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist
colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.	4.2	17	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol	adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist
cefadroxil anhydrous Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	4.07	4	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
encainide Encainide: One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and MYOCARDIUM.. encainide : 4-Methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide in which the hydrogen at the 2 position of the phenyl group is substituted by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group. A class Ic antiarrhythmic, the hydrochloride was used for the treatment of severe or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, but it was associated with increased death rates in patients who had asymptomatic heart rhythm abnormalities after a recent heart attack and was withdrawn from the market.	2.02	1	0	benzamides; piperidines	anti-arrhythmia drug; sodium channel blocker
nedocromil Nedocromil: A pyranoquinolone derivative that inhibits activation of inflammatory cells which are associated with ASTHMA, including EOSINOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MACROPHAGES; MAST CELLS; MONOCYTES; AND PLATELETS.	2.02	1	0	dicarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fialuridine [no description available]	3.59	2	0
cefaclor anhydrous Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	3.56	2	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
octenidine [no description available]	2.06	1	0	dihydropyridine
alfentanil Alfentanil: A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.. alfentanil : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine having a 2-(4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl group at the 1-position as well as N-phenylpropanamido- and methoxymethyl groups at the 4-position.	3.56	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	central nervous system depressant; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
miglustat miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor. miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.	3.23	1	0	piperidines; tertiary amino compound	anti-HIV agent; EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
fenticonazole fenticonazole: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd. fenticonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fenticonazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-{[4-(phenylsulfanyl)benzyl]oxy}ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that carries a 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-{[4-(phenylsulfanyl)benzyl]oxy}ethyl group at position 1.	2.4	2	0	aryl sulfide; dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
haloperidol decanoate [no description available]	3.23	1	0	organic molecular entity
cefotetan Cefotetan: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotetan : A semi-synthetic second-generation cephamycin antibiotic with [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl, methoxy and {[4-(2-amino-1-carboxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,3-dithietan-2-yl]carbonyl}amino groups at the 3, 7alpha, and 7beta positions, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is resistant to a wide range of beta-lactamases and is active against a broad spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.	3.56	2	0
lovastatin Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).	4.51	7	0	delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring)	anticholesteremic drug; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; prodrug
tolrestat tolrestat: RN & structure given in first source	3.59	2	0	naphthalenes	EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
loceryl amorolfine: RN given refers to parent cpd. amorolfine : A member of the class of morpholines that is cis-2,6-dimethylmorpholine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a racemic 2-methyl-3-[p-(2-methylbutan-2-yl)phenyl]propyl group. An inhibitor of the action of squalene monooxygenase, Delta(14) reductase and D7-D8 isomerase and an antifungal agent, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) for the topical treatment of fungal nail and skin infections.	2.03	1	0	morpholine antifungal drug; tertiary amino compound	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.3.1.70 (Delta(14)-sterol reductase) inhibitor; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor
levocabastine levocabastine: for the temporary relief of the signs and symptoms of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis	2.02	1	0	piperidines
simvastatin Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.	4.25	5	0	delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; statin (semi-synthetic)	EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; prodrug
quinpirole Quinpirole: A dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist.. quinpirole : A pyrazoloquinoline that is (4aR,8aR)-4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a,9-octahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-g]quinoline substituted by a propyl group at position 5. It acts as a dopamine agonist.	1.98	1	0	pyrazoloquinoline	dopamine agonist
balsalazide balsalazide: a mesalamine 5-aminosalicylate prodrug; 99% of ingested drug remains intact through the stomach and is delivered to and activated in the colon; used for inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis and radiation-induced proctosigmoiditis but avoided in patients with known hypersensitivity reaction to salicylates or mesalamine; structure in first source. balsalazide : A monohydroxybenzoic acid consisting of 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) linked to 4-aminobenzoyl-beta-alanine via an azo bond.	3.23	1	0
pravastatin Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.	4.25	5	0	3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; carbobicyclic compound; carboxylic ester; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol; statin (semi-synthetic)	anticholesteremic drug; environmental contaminant; metabolite; xenobiotic
cabergoline Cabergoline: An ergoline derivative and dopamine D2-agonist that inhibits PROLACTIN secretion. It is used in the management of HYPERPROLACTINEMIA, and to suppress lactation following childbirth for medical reasons. Cabergoline is also used in the management of PARKINSON DISEASE.. cabergoline : An N-acylurea that is (8R)-ergoline-8-carboxamide in which the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is substituted by an allyl group and the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen are substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group and an N-ethylcarbamoyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist, cabergoline is used in the management of Parkinson's disease and of disorders associated with hyperprolactinaemia.	3.56	2	0	N-acylurea	antineoplastic agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist
atomoxetine atomoxetine : A secondary amino compound having methyl and 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-yl substituents.	3.86	3	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound; toluenes	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
quinapril Quinapril: A tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME inhibitor that is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. quinapril : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	3.56	2	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; isoquinolines; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
alpidem [no description available]	3.59	2	0	imidazoles
mifepristone Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.	3.86	3	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound	abortifacient; contraceptive drug; hormone antagonist; synthetic oral contraceptive
itraconazole Itraconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes required for ERGOSTEROL synthesis.. itraconazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(+-)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, it is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis.	11.49	44	3	aromatic ether; conazole antifungal drug; cyclic ketal; dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; N-arylpiperazine; triazole antifungal drug; triazoles	EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
fosphenytoin fosphenytoin: structure given in first & second source	3.56	2	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
ranolazine Ranolazine: An acetanilide and piperazine derivative that functions as a SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and prevents the release of enzymes during MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA. It is used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS.. N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetamide : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. ranolazine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-ranolazine. Used for treatment of chronic angina.	3.6	2	0	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; monomethoxybenzene; N-alkylpiperazine; secondary alcohol
fura-2 Fura-2: A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in tissues.	3.23	6	0
finasteride Finasteride: An orally active 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE inhibitor. It is used as a surgical alternative for treatment of benign PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. finasteride : An aza-steroid that is a synthetic drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.	3.56	2	0	3-oxo steroid; aza-steroid; delta-lactam	androgen antagonist; antihyperplasia drug; EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
imiquimod Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.	3.16	1	0	imidazoquinoline	antineoplastic agent; interferon inducer
esmolol methyl 3-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propoxy]phenyl}propanoate : A methyl ester that is methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl group.. esmolol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-esmolol. A cardioselective and short-acting beta1 receptor blocker with rapid onset but lacking intrinsic sympathomimetic and membrane-stabilising properties, it is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, and for the control of hypertension and tachycardia during surgery. While the S enantiomer possesses all of the heart rate control, both enantiomers contribute to lowering blood pressure.	3.85	3	0	aromatic ether; ethanolamines; methyl ester; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
adapalene Adapalene: A naphthalene derivative that has specificity for RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS. It is used as a DERMATOLOGIC AGENT for the treatment of ACNE.. adapalene : A naphthoic acid that is CD437 in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been converted to its methyl ether.	2.02	1	0	adamantanes; monocarboxylic acid; naphthoic acid	dermatologic drug; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
adefovir adefovir: inhibitor of African swine fever virus. adefovir(1-) : A organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by removal of a proton from the phosphonate group of adefovir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).. adefovir : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(t-butoxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (dipivoxil ester) prodrug is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.	3.58	2	0	6-aminopurines; ether; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; drug metabolite; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; nephrotoxic agent
aromasil [no description available]	3.23	1	0	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sparfloxacin [no description available]	2.43	2	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone
zileuton [no description available]	4.6	4	0	1-benzothiophenes; ureas	anti-asthmatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clopidogrel Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.	3.23	1	0	methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
cidofovir anhydrous Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.	3.56	2	0	phosphonic acids; pyrimidone	anti-HIV agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; photosensitizing agent
tiagabine Tiagabine: A nipecotic acid derivative that acts as a GABA uptake inhibitor and anticonvulsant agent. It is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY, for refractory PARTIAL SEIZURES.. tiagabine : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid that is (R)-nipecotic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a 1,1-bis(3-methyl-2-thienyl)but-1-en-4-yl group. A GABA reuptake inhibitor, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of epilepsy.	3.23	1	0	beta-amino acid; piperidinemonocarboxylic acid; tertiary amino compound; thiophenes	anticonvulsant; GABA reuptake inhibitor
mibefradil Mibefradil: A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.	2.04	1	0	tetralins	T-type calcium channel blocker
topotecan Topotecan: An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.. topotecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks.	3.85	3	0	pyranoindolizinoquinoline	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
bromfenac bromfenac: bromfenac sodium is the active cpd; structure in first source. bromfenac : Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.	3.59	2	0	aromatic amino acid; benzophenones; organobromine compound; substituted aniline	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gemcitabine gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.	3.85	3	0	organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; photosensitizing agent; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
ibutilide ibutilide: RN & structure in first source; RN refers to the fumarate salt	3.56	2	0	benzenes; organic amino compound
aripiprazole Aripiprazole: A piperazine and quinolone derivative that is used primarily as an antipsychotic agent. It is a partial agonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT1A and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS, where it also functions as a post-synaptic antagonist, and an antagonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT2A. It is used for the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA and BIPOLAR DISORDER, and as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of depression.. aripiprazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl group at position 1 and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 4. It is an antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of Schizophrenia, and other mood disorders.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ether; delta-lactam; dichlorobenzene; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone	drug metabolite; H1-receptor antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic agonist
remifentanil Remifentanil: A piperidine-propionate derivative and opioid analgesic structurally related to FENTANYL. It functions as a short-acting MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and is used as an analgesic during induction or maintenance of general anesthesia, following surgery, during childbirth, and in mechanically ventilated patients under intensive care.. remifentanil : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is methyl piperidine-4-carboxylate in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl group and the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted the nitrogen of N-propanoylaniline.	3.56	2	0	alpha-amino acid ester; anilide; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidinecarboxylate ester	intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; sedative
atorvastatin [no description available]	3.85	3	0	aromatic amide; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrroles; statin (synthetic)	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
lamivudine [no description available]	4.04	4	0	monothioacetal; nucleoside analogue; oxacycle; primary alcohol	allergen; anti-HBV agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor; prodrug
duloxetine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	duloxetine
irinotecan [no description available]	4.07	4	0	carbamate ester; delta-lactone; N-acylpiperidine; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; ring assembly; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug
valsartan Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.	3.85	3	0	biphenylyltetrazole; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ibandronic acid Ibandronic Acid: Aminobisphosphonate that is a potent inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION. It is used in the treatment of HYPERCALCEMIA associated with malignancy, for the prevention of fracture and bone complications in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases, and for the treatment and prevention of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.	3.23	1	0
ziprasidone ziprasidone: a benzisothiazoylpiperazine derivative; has combined dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist activity; structurally related to tiospirone. ziprasidone : A piperazine compound having 1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl- and 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2-oxindol-5-yl)ethyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atoms.	3.57	2	0	1,2-benzisothiazole; indolones; organochlorine compound; piperazines	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist
zolmitriptan zolmitriptan: an antimigraine compound; a serotonin (5HT)-1D receptor agonist. zolmitriptan : A member of the class of tryptamines that is N,N-dimethyltryptamine in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the indole ring has been replaced by a [(4S)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-4-yl]methyl group. A serotonin 5-HT1 B and D receptor agonist, it is used for the treatment of migraine.	3.23	1	0	oxazolidinone; tryptamines	anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
emtricitabine Emtricitabine: A deoxycytidine analog and REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR with antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HEPATITIS B viruses. It is used to treat HIV INFECTIONS.. emtricitabine : An organofluorine compound that is 5-fluorocytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl group (2R,5S configuration). It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.	3.6	2	0	monothioacetal; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidone	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
tasosartan tasosartan: angiotensin II antagonist; structure given in first source	3.59	2	0	biphenyls
tiludronic acid tiludronic acid: a bone resorption inhibitor; an antihypercalcemic agent; used in the tratment of Paget's disease; used in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis; structure given in first source	3.23	1	0	organochlorine compound
tirofiban Tirofiban: Tyrosine analog and PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX antagonist that inhibits PLATELET AGGREGATION and is used in the treatment of ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. tirofiban : A member of the class of piperidines that is L-tyrosine in which a hydrogen attached to the amino group is replaced by a butylsulfonyl group and in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 4-(piperidin-4-yl)butyl group.	3.23	1	0	L-tyrosine derivative; piperidines; sulfonamide	anticoagulant; fibrin modulating drug; platelet glycoprotein-IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist
capecitabine Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers.	3.23	1	0	carbamate ester; cytidines; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit	4.21	5	0	adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent
vanadates Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms.	2.94	4	0	trivalent inorganic anion; vanadium oxoanion	EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
saran Saran: RN given is for Saran 683, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride	1.94	1	0
daunorubicin hydrochloride [no description available]	2.03	1	0	anthracycline
octyl glucoside octyl-beta-D-glucoside: RN given refers to (beta)-isomer. octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside : An beta-D-glucoside in which the anomeric hydrogen of beta-D-glucopyranose is substituted by an octyl group.	2.03	1	0	beta-D-glucoside	plant metabolite
trazodone hydrochloride Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride.	2.97	4	0	hydrochloride	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
trovafloxacin trovafloxacin: a trifluoronaphthyridone derivative of 7-(3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexyl)naphthyridone; has antineoplastic activity. trovafloxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure.	3.59	2	0
cefprozil [no description available]	3.56	2	0	cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
methylprednisolone aceponate methylprednisolone aceponate: RN given for (6alpha,11beta)-isomer	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
dexamethasone 17-valerate dexamethasone 17-valerate: RN given refers to (11beta,16alpha)-isomer; structure	2.02	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
dexamethasone dipropionate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
efavirenz efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.	3.6	2	0	acetylenic compound; benzoxazine; cyclopropanes; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nelfinavir Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.	3.6	2	0	aryl sulfide; benzamides; organic heterobicyclic compound; phenols; secondary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; HIV protease inhibitor
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.	2.65	3	0	D-glucopyranose	epitope; mouse metabolite
mevastatin mevastatin: antifungal metabolite from Penicillium brevicopactum; potent inhibitory activity to sterol synthesis; structure. mevastatin : A carboxylic ester that is pravastatin that is lacking the allylic hydroxy group. A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) isolated from Penicillium citrinum and from Penicillium brevicompactum, its clinical use as a lipid-regulating drug ceased following reports of toxicity in animals.	2.02	1	0	2-pyranones; carboxylic ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; polyketide; statin (naturally occurring)	antifungal agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; Penicillium metabolite
lanthanum chloride lanthanum chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0
fenofibric acid fenofibric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. fenofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylpropanoic acid substituted by a 4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug fenofibrate.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ketone; chlorobenzophenone; monocarboxylic acid	drug metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
trimethoprim sulfamethizole trimethoprim sulfamethizole: used in treating liver pulmonary lesions	3.35	1	1
2',7'-dichlorofluorescein 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.98	1	0	2-benzofurans	fluorochrome
n-methylnicotinamide N-methylnicotinamide: structure. N-methylnicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group.	2.46	2	0	pyridinecarboxamide	metabolite
baicalin [no description available]	2.46	2	0	dihydroxyflavone; glucosiduronic acid; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative	antiatherosclerotic agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite; prodrug
plerixafor plerixafor: a bicyclam derivate, highly potent & selective inhibitor of HIV-1 & HIV-2. plerixafor : An azamacrocycle consisting of two cyclam rings connected by a 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene) linker. It is a CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist and a hematopoietic stem cell mobilizer. It is used in combination with grulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells to the perpheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma.	3.23	1	0	azacycloalkane; azamacrocycle; benzenes; crown amine; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anti-HIV agent; antineoplastic agent; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 antagonist; immunological adjuvant
amprenavir [no description available]	3.6	2	0	carbamate ester; sulfonamide; tetrahydrofuryl ester	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
oseltamivir Oseltamivir: An acetamido cyclohexene that is a structural homolog of SIALIC ACID and inhibits NEURAMINIDASE.. oseltamivir : A cyclohexenecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of oseltamivir acid. An antiviral prodrug (it is hydrolysed to the active free carboxylic acid in the liver), it is used to slow the spread of influenza.	3.59	2	0	acetamides; amino acid ester; cyclohexenecarboxylate ester; primary amino compound	antiviral drug; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; prodrug; xenobiotic
allicin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	botanical anti-fungal agent; sulfoxide	antibacterial agent
fluorexon fluorexon: structure	2.69	3	0	xanthene dye	fluorochrome
1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.03	1	0
metaperiodate Periodic Acid: A strong oxidizing agent.	2	1	0	iodine oxoacid
neocuproine neocuproine: Spectrophotometric determination of copper and ultramicro blood sugar determinations; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd. neocuproine : A member of the class of phenanthrolines that is 1,10-phenanthroline bearing two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 9.	2.03	1	0	phenanthrolines	chelator; copper chelator
obtusifoliol [no description available]	1.95	1	0	14alpha-methyl steroid; 3beta-sterol	mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
surfactin peptide surfactin peptide: antineoplastic product isolated from Bacillus sp.	3.15	1	0
pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid: spelled pyrolidine in J Nutr 1979 reference; RN given refers to parent cpd. pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is the N-dithiocarboxy derivative of pyrrolidine.	2.15	1	0	dithiocarbamic acids; pyrrolidines	anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; NF-kappaB inhibitor; radical scavenger
glutathione disulfide Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.	2.04	1	0	glutathione derivative; organic disulfide	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
4-nitrobenzylthioinosine 4-nitrobenzylthioinosine: inhibitor of nucleoside transport; acts on ENT1	1.97	1	0	purine nucleoside
iopamidol Iopamidol: A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.. iopamidol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-substituted carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and a (2S)-2-hydroxypropanamido group at the 5-position.	2.02	1	0	benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound; pentol	environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic
histamine phosphate histamine phosphate : A phosphate salt that is the diphosphate salt of histamine.	3.23	1	0	phosphate salt	histamine agonist
cephalosporin c cephalosporin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #1937. cephalosporin C : A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7.	6.78	10	0	cephalosporin	fungal metabolite
tilbroquinol [no description available]	3.59	2	0	organohalogen compound; quinolines
bendamustine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	benzimidazoles
st 679 [no description available]	1.97	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
droxicam droxicam: structure given in first source. droxicam : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2H,5H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-c][1,2]benzothiazine-2,4(3H)-dione 6,6-dioxide substituted at positions 3 and 5 by pyridin-2-yl and methyl groups respectively. A prodrug of piroxicam, it is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.	3.59	2	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; pyridines	cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prodrug
ebrotidine ebrotidine: an H2-receptor antagonist and gastric mucosa protector	3.59	2	0	sulfonamide
repaglinide [no description available]	3.6	2	0	piperidines
telmisartan Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.	3.6	2	0	benzimidazoles; biphenyls; carboxybiphenyl	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
dexfenfluramine Dexfenfluramine: The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.. (S)-fenfluramine : The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects.	2.02	1	0	fenfluramine	appetite depressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.	6.46	18	0	1,2,3-triazole
4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde [no description available]	3.31	1	0	benzaldehydes
4-fluorobenzaldehyde [no description available]	3.31	1	0
pinocembrin pinocembrin : A dihydroxyflavanone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7. A natural product found in Piper sarmentosum and Cryptocarya chartacea.	2.02	1	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; dihydroxyflavanone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; vasodilator agent
delphinidin Paraffin: A mixture of solid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It has a wide range of uses including as a stiffening agent in ointments, as a lubricant, and as a topical anti-inflammatory. It is also commonly used as an embedding material in histology.. delphinidin chloride : An anthocyanidin chloride that has delphinidin as the cationic counterpart.	1.94	1	0	anthocyanidin chloride
2-bromohydroquinone 2-bromohydroquinone: metabolite of bromobenzene & 2-bromophenol; structure given in first source	2.37	2	0
fluorodeoxyglucose f18 Fluorodeoxyglucose F18: The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)	1.96	1	0	2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose; 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-aldehydo-D-glucose
sertraline Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.	3.85	3	0	dichlorobenzene; secondary amino compound; tetralins	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
sanguinarine chloride [no description available]	2.04	1	0
zoledronic acid Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position.	3.23	1	0	1,1-bis(phosphonic acid); imidazoles	bone density conservation agent
fepradinol [no description available]	1.98	1	0	aralkylamine
2,2'-Dihydroxybenzophenone [no description available]	2.03	1	0	benzophenones
carbobenzoxyphenylalanine carbobenzoxyphenylalanine: RN given refers to (L-Phe)-isomer	2.05	1	0
acamprosate Acamprosate: Structural analog of taurine that is used for the prevention of relapse in individuals with ALCOHOLISM.. acamprosate : An organosulfonic acid that is propane-1-sulfonic acid substituted by an acetylamino group at position 3.	3.23	1	0	acetamides; organosulfonic acid	environmental contaminant; neurotransmitter agent; xenobiotic
isaxonine isaxonine: promotes nerve growth	3.59	2	0	aminopyrimidine
erythromycin propionate erythromycin propionate: form in which erythromycin estolate is principally absorbed	2.02	1	0	erythromycin derivative
nebivolol 2,2'-iminobis[1-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)ethanol] : A member of the class of chromanes that is 2,2'-iminodiethanol in which one hydrogen attached to each hydroxy-bearing carbon is replaced by a 6-fluorochroman-2-yl group.	3.23	1	0	chromanes; diol; organofluorine compound; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
uk 68798 [no description available]	3.6	2	0	aromatic ether; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; potassium channel blocker
hp 873 iloperidone: an atypical, negative symptom antipsychotic agent. iloperidone : A member of the class of piperidines that is the 4-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl ether of 3-(piperidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol which is substituted at position 4 of the piperidine ring by a 6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl group. A member of the group of second generation antipsychotics (also known as an atypical antipsychotics), it is used for the treatment of schizophrenia.	3.23	1	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; methyl ketone; monoamine; organofluorine compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
dexrazoxane Dexrazoxane: The (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane.	3.56	2	0	razoxane	antineoplastic agent; cardiovascular drug; chelator; immunosuppressive agent
clobetasone butyrate [no description available]	2.44	2	0	organic molecular entity
masoprocol Masoprocol: A potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. The compound also inhibits formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase to a lesser extent. It also serves as an antioxidant in fats and oils.. masoprocol : The meso-form of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. An antioxidant found in the creosote bush, Larrea divaricata, it is a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. It also inhibits (though to a lesser extent) formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase.	1.99	1	0	nordihydroguaiaretic acid	antineoplastic agent; hypoglycemic agent; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite
fenoxypropazine [no description available]	3.59	2	0	aromatic ether
antebate betamethasone butyrate propionate: a topical corticosteroid	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
voriconazole Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.	6.08	21	0	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; pyrimidines; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	P450 inhibitor
bufuralol bufuralol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.07	1	0	benzofurans
buparvaquone buparvaquone: used in therapy of theileriasis; structure given in first source	2.15	1	0
aceclofenac [no description available]	3.23	1	0	amino acid; carboxylic ester; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
secnidazole [no description available]	3.38	1	1	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; secondary alcohol	epitope
nitrefazole [no description available]	3.59	2	0	imidazoles
ubenimex ubenimex: growth inhibitor	2.07	1	0
avarol avarol: RN given refers to parent cpd; extract from Dysidea avara(sea sponge)	2.04	1	0
avarone avarone: antileukemic agent; isolated from Dysidea avara	2.78	3	0
chelerythrine chloride [no description available]	2.04	1	0
gentamicin c1 [no description available]	3.31	1	0
gentamicin c1a [no description available]	4.54	6	0	gentamycin C
doripenem Doripenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of infections such as HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA, and complicated intra-abdominal or urinary-tract infections, including PYELONEPHRITIS.	3.23	1	0	carbapenems
5-(n-methyl-n-isobutyl)amiloride 5-(N-methyl-N-isobutyl)amiloride: inhibitor of the Na+-H+ antiporter	1.99	1	0
corilagin corilagin: isolated from Geranii herba. corilagin : An ellagitannin with a hexahydroxydiphenoyl group bridging over the 3-O and 6-O of the glucose core.	2.02	1	0	ellagitannin; gallate ester	antihypertensive agent; antioxidant; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
sakuranetin sakuranetin: major rice phytoalexin; RN given for ((S)-(-))-isomer; structure in first source. sakuranetin : A flavonoid phytoalexin that is (S)-naringenin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group.	2.02	1	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; flavonoid phytoalexin; monomethoxyflavanone	antimycobacterial drug; plant metabolite
glycyl-histidyl-lysine glycyl-histidyl-lysine: found in human plasma; promotes proliferation of hepatoma cells, lymphocytes & mycoplsma; maintains viability of hepatocytes, eosinophils and macrophages; inhibits growth of glial cells; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Gly-His-Lys : A tripeptide composed of glycine, L-histidine and L-lysine residues joined in sequence.	2.11	1	0	tripeptide	chelator; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite; vulnerary
prochloraz Mirage: a feldspathic porcelain that can be etched & bonded to the tooth. prochloraz : A member of the class of ureas that is 1H-imidazole-1-carboxamide substituted by a propyl and a 2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl group at the amino nitrogen atom. A fungicide active against a wide range of diseases affecting field crops, fruit, turf and vegetables.	2.03	1	0	amide fungicide; aromatic ether; conazole fungicide; imidazole fungicide; imidazoles; trichlorobenzene; ureas	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
atovaquone Atovaquone: A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.. atovaquone : A naphthoquinone compound having a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl group at the 2-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.	3.81	3	0	hydroxy-1,2-naphthoquinone
rivastigmine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	carbamate ester; tertiary amino compound	cholinergic drug; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
frovatriptan [no description available]	3.23	1	0	carbazoles
eletriptan eletriptan: 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist; structure in first source. eletriptan : An N-alkylpyrrolidine, that is N-methylpyrrolidine in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a {5-[2-(phenylsulfonyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}methyl group.	3.6	2	0	indoles; N-alkylpyrrolidine; sulfone	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
rosiglitazone [no description available]	4.42	3	0	aminopyridine; thiazolidinediones	EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; insulin-sensitizing drug
2-bromobenzaldehyde 2-bromobenzaldehyde: structure in first source	3.31	1	0
bexarotene [no description available]	3.23	1	0	benzoic acids; naphthalenes; retinoid	antineoplastic agent
flunisolide flunisolide: flunisolide HFA is a formulation of flunisolide using hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) as propellant in place of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) ones	3.77	2	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent
4-nitrophenylglucuronide 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide : A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid having a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position.	2.04	1	0	beta-D-glucosiduronic acid; C-nitro compound	chromogenic compound
c.i. basic blue 41 [no description available]	2.03	1	0
acetaminophen glucuronide acetaminophen glucuronide: acetaminophen metabolite in rats. acetaminophen O-beta-D-glucosiduronic acid : A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid that is the O-glucuronide of paracetamol (acetaminophen).	2.04	1	0	beta-D-glucosiduronic acid	drug metabolite
fentanyl isothiocyanate fentanyl isothiocyanate: specific reagent for irreversible inactivation of delta opiate receptors in rat brain membranes; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0	piperidines
clarithromycin Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.	3.85	3	0	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; protein synthesis inhibitor; xenobiotic
primin primin: contact allergen found in the ornamental plant Primula obconica Hance. primin : A 1,4-benzoquinone having a methoxy substituent at the 2-position and a pentyl substituent at the 6-position.	2	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones	allergen; antifeedant; antimicrobial agent; hapten; metabolite
tebuconazole Lynx: A genus in the family FELIDAE comprising felines with long legs, ear tufts, and a short tail.. 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol : A tertiary alcohol that is pentan-3-ol substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl, methyl, methyl, and a 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl at positions 1, 4, 4 and 3 respectively.. tebuconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tebuconazole. A fungicide effective against various smut and bunt diseases in cereals and other field crops.	2.03	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; tertiary alcohol; triazoles
3',5-dichlorodiphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid 3',5-dichlorodiphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
coenzyme a [no description available]	1.94	1	0	adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate	coenzyme; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.	3.11	5	0	3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine	anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic
fibrinogen Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol.	2.35	2	0	iditol	fungal metabolite
moexipril [no description available]	3.56	2	0	peptide
fluocinolone [no description available]	3.36	1	1	fluorinated steroid
8-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)cyclic-3',5'-amp 8-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)cyclic-3',5'-AMP: lowers cAMP in heart & fat cells; cAMP-dependent kinase inhibitor. 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic AMP in which the hydrogen at position 2 on the purine fragment is replaced by a 4-chlorophenylthio group.	1.98	1	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; adenyl ribonucleotide; aryl sulfide; organochlorine compound	protein kinase agonist
monocerin monocerin: structure in first source	2.04	1	0	hydroxybenzoic acid	metabolite
mci 9038 [no description available]	3.23	1	0	peptide
lopinavir [no description available]	2.46	2	0	amphetamines; dicarboxylic acid diamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
gypsogenin gypsogenin: originally from Gypsophila species; structure in first source. gypsogenin : A sapogenin that is olean-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 23.	2.1	1	0	aldehyde; monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; sapogenin
glucuronic acid Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form.	3.19	5	0	D-glucuronic acid	algal metabolite
diosgenin [no description available]	2.17	1	0	3beta-sterol; hexacyclic triterpenoid; sapogenin; spiroketal	antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; metabolite
chimaphilin chimaphilin: isolated from Chimaphila umbellata; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0	1,4-naphthoquinones
methyl mannoside, (alpha-d)-isomer methylmannoside: RN given refers to (D)-isomer; see also record for 3-O-methylmannose. methyl alpha-D-mannoside : A methyl mannoside having alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre.	2.03	1	0	alpha-D-mannoside; methyl mannoside
1,2-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine 1,2-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 1,2-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine : A phosphatidylethanolamine in which the phosphatidyl acyl group at C-1 and C-2 is stearoyl.	3.8	3	0	phosphatidylethanolamine zwitterion; phosphatidylethanolamine	human metabolite
cobalt Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27.	2.39	2	0	cobalt group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
fulvestrant Fulvestrant: An estradiol derivative and estrogen receptor antagonist that is used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.. fulvestrant : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the 7alpha hydrogen has been replaced by a nonyl group in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl has been replaced by a (4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfinyl group. An estrogen receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of breast cancer.	3.23	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide	antineoplastic agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid: structure in first source	2.4	2	0	polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	chelator
enkephalin, d-penicillamine (2,5)- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-: A disulfide opioid pentapeptide that selectively binds to the DELTA OPIOID RECEPTOR. It possesses antinociceptive activity.. DPDPE : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is a cyclic enkephalin analogue, having D-penicillaminyl residues located at positions 2 and 5, which form the heterocycle via a disulfide bond.	2.02	1	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide	delta-opioid receptor agonist
u 73122 1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: structure given in first source. U-73122 : An aza-steroid that is 3-O-methyl-17beta-estradiol in which the 17beta-hydroxy group is replaced by a 6-(maleimid-1-yl)hexylamino group. An inibitor of phospholipase C.	1.99	1	0	aromatic ether; aza-steroid; maleimides	EC 3.1.4.11 (phosphoinositide phospholipase C) inhibitor
1,4-dihydropyridine [no description available]	2	1	0
cremophor el cremophor EL: solvent for Althesin & Propanidid implicated as possible cause of similar adverse effects polyethoxylated castor oil; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF; see also records for cremophor & cremophor A	2.02	1	0
bosentan anhydrous Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.	3.59	2	0	primary alcohol; pyrimidines; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist
fluo-3 Fluo-3: fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator; permits continuous monitoring of Ca without interference with use of UV-sensitive caged compounds	2.46	2	0	xanthene dye	fluorochrome
cyanates Cyanates: Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.. cyanates : Salts and esters of cyanic acid, HOC#N; compounds carrying the cyanate functional group -O-C#N.. isocyanates : Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N).	2.06	1	0
fura-2-am fura-2-am: pentaester precursor of fura-2	1.97	1	0
prodan prodan: do not confuse with prodan in Chemline, RN 16893-85-9 which is disodium hexafluorosilicate	2.03	1	0	2-acyl-6-dimethylaminonaphthalene
perindopril Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline	3.23	1	0	alpha-amino acid ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
afdx 116 otenzepad: cardioselective muscarinic receptor antagonist; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0	benzodiazepine
procyanidin Proanthocyanidins: Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways.	2.05	1	0	proanthocyanidin
pisatin pisatin: phytoalexin produced in plants after injection with fungi; RN given refers to (6aS-cis)-isomer; structure	2.39	2	0
sr 95531 [no description available]	2.01	1	0	methoxybenzenes
benzamil [no description available]	2.39	2	0	guanidines; pyrazines
kt 5823 KT 5823: indolocarbazole; activates human neutrophils & fails to inhibit cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation of vimentin. KT 5823 : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is 1H,1'H-2,2'-biindole in which the nitrogens have undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 2 and 5 of methyl (3R)-3-methoxy-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate (the 2S,3R,5R product), and in which the 3 and 3' positions of the biindole moiety have also undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 3 and 4 of 1-methyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one.	1.98	1	0	gamma-lactam; hemiaminal; indolocarbazole; methyl ester; organic heterooctacyclic compound	EC 2.7.11.12 (cGMP-dependent protein kinase) inhibitor
1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine Platelet Activating Factor: A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.. 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine which has hexadecyl as the alkyl group. PAF is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis.	1.98	1	0	2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; bronchoconstrictor agent; hematologic agent; vasodilator agent
deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.	3.21	6	0
tadalafil [no description available]	3.23	1	0	benzodioxoles; pyrazinopyridoindole	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
3',4'-dichlorobenzamil 3',4'-dichlorobenzamil: inhibits Na-Ca exchange in membrane vesicle & papillary muscle preparations from guinea pig heart	2.41	2	0	guanidines; pyrazines
valerates Valerates: Derivatives of valeric acid, including its salts and esters.	1.94	1	0	short-chain fatty acid anion; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion	plant metabolite
thromboxanes thromboxane : A class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels.	1.96	1	0
pd 123177 PD 123177: nonpeptide angiotensin AII-2 inhibitor	1.99	1	0	diarylmethane
1,2-dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine [no description available]	2.03	1	0
annamycin annamycin: structure given in first source	3.09	1	0
paliperidone 3-{2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.. paliperidone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-paliperidone. Paliperidone is the primary active metabolite of the older antipsychotic risperidone and is used for treatment of schizophrenia.	3.23	1	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound; pyridopyrimidine; secondary alcohol
nitisinone [no description available]	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; cyclohexanones; mesotrione	EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
efonidipine efonidipine : A racemate comprising of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-efonidipine. It is a antihypertensive drug and a dual T-type and L-type calcium channel blocker.. 2-[benzyl(phenyl)amino]ethyl 5-(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxido-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl)-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxido-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl)-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-[benzyl(phenyl)amino]ethanol.	2.04	1	0	C-nitro compound; carboxylic ester; dihydropyridine; tertiary amino compound
clofarabine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	adenosines; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
elacridar Elacridar: inhibitor of MDR1 PROTEIN; structure given in first source	2.46	2	0
caprylates Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis.	2.37	2	0	fatty acid anion 8:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pramipexole Pramipexole: A benzothiazole derivative and dopamine agonist with antioxidant properties that is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. pramipexole : A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazole in which the hydrogens at the 2 and 6-pro-S-positions are substituted by amino and propylamino groups, respectively.	3.23	1	0	benzothiazoles; diamine	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; radical scavenger
valdecoxib [no description available]	3.23	1	0	isoxazoles; sulfonamide	antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
carboxypolymethylene carbomer: high molecular polyanionic substance	2.45	2	0
titanium tetrafluoride [no description available]	2.02	1	0
inositol-3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate inositol-3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate: for cpd without numerical locants of phosphate groups, index INOSITOL PHOSPHATES. 1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate : A myo-inositol tetrakisphosphate having the four phosphate groups placed at the 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-positions.	2	1	0	myo-inositol tetrakisphosphate	mouse metabolite
methylthio-adp [no description available]	2.05	1	0
fitt [no description available]	3.81	2	1
val-leu-arg-p-nitroanilide [no description available]	1.98	1	0
imatinib mesylate imatinib methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt that is the monomesylate salt of imatinib. Used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours.	2.46	2	0	methanesulfonate salt	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
almotriptan almotriptan : An indole compound having a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group at the 3-position and a (pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)methyl group at the 5-position.	3.23	1	0	indoles; sulfonamide; tertiary amine	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
gefitinib [no description available]	4.4	3	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; morpholines; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
bay n 7133 vibunazole: structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
angiotensin ii, des-phe(8)- Ile(5)-angiotensin II (1-7) : An angiotensin compound consisting of the linear heptapeptide sequence L-Asp-L-Arg-L-Val-L-Tyr-L-Ile-L-His-L-Pro.	1.99	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin	vasodilator agent
citrate phosphate dextrose citrate phosphate dextrose: anticoagulant used in blood preservation	2.37	2	0
cyclic adp-ribose Cyclic ADP-Ribose: A pyridine nucleotide that mobilizes CALCIUM. It is synthesized from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) by ADP RIBOSE CYCLASE.	1.99	1	0	cyclic purine nucleotide; nucleotide-sugar	metabolite; ryanodine receptor agonist
1-((3,5-dichloro)-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone 1-((3,5-dichloro)-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone: structure given in first source. 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexan-1-one : A differentiation-inducing factor that is hexaphenone bearing two chloro substituents at positions 3 and 5, two hydroxy substituents at positions 2 and 6 as well as a single methoxy substituent at position 4. A secreted, chlorinated molecule that controls cell fate during development of Dictyostelium cells.	3.36	7	0	dichlorobenzene; differentiation-inducing factor; monomethoxybenzene; resorcinols	eukaryotic metabolite; signalling molecule
indo-1 pentaacetoxymethyl ester Indo-1 pentaacetoxymethyl ester: calcium-specific chelating agent; calcium ion fluorescent probe	1.99	1	0
subecholine subecholine: dicholinic ester of suberic acid; structure	1.96	1	0
glabridin [no description available]	2.06	1	0	hydroxyisoflavans	antiplasmodial drug
desloratadine desloratadine: major metabolite of loratadine. desloratadine : Loratadine in which the ethoxycarbonyl group attached to the piperidine ring is replaced by hydrogen. The major metabolite of loratidine, desloratadine is an antihistamine which is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and chronic urticaria. It does not readily enter the central nervous system, so does not cause drowsiness.	3.23	1	0	benzocycloheptapyridine	anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; drug metabolite; H1-receptor antagonist
solutol hs 15 Solutol HS 15: multidrug resistance modification agent in tumor cells; polyoxyethylene esters of 12-hydroxystearic acid; previous RN 105109-85-1	2.08	1	0	aliphatic alcohol
hypothiocyanite ion hypothiocyanite ion: structure	3.38	1	1
desvenlafaxine O-desmethylvenlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl group. It is a metabolite of the drug venlafaxine.	3.23	1	0	cyclohexanols; phenols; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant; drug metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
methotrexate [no description available]	6.99	14	1	dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines	abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
tamsulosin [no description available]	3.59	2	0	5-(2-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antineoplastic agent
rufinamide rufinamide: for treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome; structure in first source	3.23	1	0	aromatic amide; heteroarene
olmesartan medoxomil Olmesartan Medoxomil: An ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to manage HYPERTENSION.	3.6	2	0	biphenyls
dexpanthenol dexpanthenol: The alcohol of pantothenic acid	6.5	5	3	amino alcohol; monocarboxylic acid amide	cholinergic drug; provitamin
ici 153066 ICI 153066: structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
fosamprenavir fosamprenavir: a prodrug of the protease inhibitor amprenavir. fosamprenavir : A sulfonamide with a structure based on that of sulfanilamide substituted on the sulfonamide nitrogen by a (2R,3S)-4-phenyl-2-(phosphonooxy)-3-({[(3S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy]carbonyl}amino)butyl group. It is a pro-drug of the HIV protease inhibitor and antiretroviral drug amprenavir.	3.23	1	0	sulfonamide	prodrug
whitfield's ointment Whitfield's Ointment: contains benzoic acid & salicylic acid	1.96	1	0
5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate [no description available]	2.46	2	0
sk&f 89124 SK&F 89124: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
febuxostat Febuxostat: A thiazole derivative and inhibitor of XANTHINE OXIDASE that is used for the treatment of HYPERURICEMIA in patients with chronic GOUT.. febuxostat : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid that is 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a 3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl group at position 2. It is an orally-active, potent, and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic hyperuricaemia in patients with gout.	3.23	1	0	1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; nitrile	EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
xylose xylopyranose: structure in first source	5.53	5	1	D-xylose
proline Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2.	2.35	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proline; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cucurbitaceae Cucurbitaceae: The gourd plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is sometimes placed in its own order, Cucurbitales. 'Melon' generally refers to CUCUMIS; CITRULLUS; or MOMORDICA.	2	1	0
betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate: may also contain chlorocresol (UD 25:22R)	2	1	0
escitalopram Escitalopram: S-enantiomer of CITALOPRAM. Belongs to a class of drugs known as SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS, used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder.. escitalopram : A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile that has S-configuration at the chiral centre. It is the active enantiomer of citalopram.	3.23	1	0	1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile	antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin 10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin: structure in first source. pralatrexate : A pteridine that is the N-4-[1-(2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)pent-4-yn-2-yl]benzoyl derivative of L-glutamic acid. Used for treatment of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, an aggressive form of non-Hodgkins lymphoma.	3.23	1	0	N-acyl-L-glutamic acid; pteridines; terminal acetylenic compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
docetaxel [no description available]	2.44	2	0	hydrate; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antineoplastic agent
docetaxel anhydrous Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.	3.23	1	0	secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
atazanavir atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).	3.6	2	0	carbohydrazide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
levofloxacin Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.	3.56	2	0	9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
ezetimibe Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.. ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer).	3.6	2	0	azetidines; beta-lactam; organofluorine compound	anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite
ertapenem Ertapenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections including intra-abdominal infections, acute gynecological infections, complicated urinary tract infections, skin infections, and respiratory tract infections. It is also used to prevent infection in colorectal surgery.. ertapenem : Meropenem in which the one of the two methyl groups attached to the amide nitrogen is replaced by hydrogen while the other is replaced by a 3-carboxyphenyl group. The sodium salt is used for the treatment of moderate to severe susceptible infections including intra-abdominal and acute gynaecological infections, pneumonia, and infections of the skin and of the urinary tract.	3.23	1	0	carbapenemcarboxylic acid; pyrrolidinecarboxamide	antibacterial drug
cox 189 lumiracoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor. lumiracoxib : An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity.	3.59	2	0	amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
conivaptan conivaptan : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 4-[(biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)amino]benzoic acid with the benzazepine nitrogen of 2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1]benzazepine. It is an antagonist for two of the three types of arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptors, V1a and V2. It is used as its hydrochloride salt for the treatment of hyponatraemia (low blood sodium levels) caused by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).	3.23	1	0	benzazepine	aquaretic; vasopressin receptor antagonist
moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.	3.23	1	0	aromatic ether; cyclopropanes; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; pyrrolidinopiperidine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug
pralnacasan pralnacasan: NSAID, ICE inhibitor & metastasis inhibitor; RN & structure in first source	3.59	2	0
clevidipine clevidipine: a calcium channel blocker and antihypertensive agent; structure in first source	3.23	1	0	dihydropyridine
solifenacin [no description available]	3.23	1	0	isoquinolines
dexmethylphenidate dexmethylphenidate : A methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate in which both stereocentres have R configuration. It is the active enantiomer in the racemic drug methylphenidate.	3.23	1	0	methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate	adrenergic agent
disopyramide, (s)-isomer [no description available]	2.04	1	0
naproxen Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.	4.07	4	0	methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
cinacalcet cinacalcet : A secondary amino compound that is (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethanamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propyl group.	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; naphthalenes; secondary amino compound	calcimimetic; P450 inhibitor
lubiprostone [no description available]	3.23	1	0
telbivudine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
carbodiimides Carbodiimides: Compounds with the general formula RN=C=NR, where R is a hydrocarbyl group.. methanediimine : A carbodiimide in which both nitrogens are unsubstituted.	1.96	1	0	carbodiimide
isosakuranetin isosakuranetin: structure in first source. 4'-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone : A dihydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 and a methoxy group at position 4' (the 2S stereoisomer).	2.02	1	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; monomethoxyflavanone	plant metabolite
methylisopropylamiloride [no description available]	1.96	1	0
amipurimycin amipurimycin: from Streptomyces novoguineensis sp. nov.	2.06	1	0
6-chloro-3,5-diaminopyrazine-3-carboxamide 6-chloro-3,5-diaminopyrazine-3-carboxamide: RN refers to monohydrochloride; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0	organochlorine compound; pyrazines
tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylphosphonium: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tetraphenylphosphonium : A polyatomic cation consisting of four phenyl groups attached to a central phosphonium.	2.66	3	0	heteroorganic entity; phosphorus molecular entity; polyatomic cation
paromomycin Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.	5.55	5	1	amino cyclitol glycoside; aminoglycoside antibiotic	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial drug; antiparasitic agent; antiprotozoal drug
anidulafungin Anidulafungin: Echinocandin antifungal agent that is used in the treatment of CANDIDEMIA and CANDIDIASIS.. anidulafungin : A semisynthetic echinocandin anti-fungal drug. It is active against Aspergillus and Candida species and is used for the treatment of invasive candidiasis.	4.51	3	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; azamacrocycle; echinocandin; heterodetic cyclic peptide; semisynthetic derivative
metaperiodate metaperiodate: RN given refers to periodic acid, Na salt; structure. periodate : A monovalent inorganic anion obtained by deprotonation of periodic acid.	2	1	0	iodine oxoanion; monovalent inorganic anion
2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone: from Piper longicaudatum; structure in first source. 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone : A member of the class of dihydrochalcones that is dihydrochalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2' and 6' and a methoxy group at position 4' respectively.	2.02	1	0	dihydrochalcones; monomethoxybenzene; polyphenol	antiplasmodial drug; radical scavenger
17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate 17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: Hydroxyprogesterone derivative that acts as a PROGESTIN and is used to reduce the risk of recurrent MISCARRIAGE and of PREMATURE BIRTH. It is also used in combination with ESTROGEN in the management of MENSTRUATION DISORDERS.	3.23	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
varenicline Varenicline: A benzazepine derivative that functions as an ALPHA4-BETA2 NICOTINIC RECEPTOR partial agonist. It is used for SMOKING CESSATION.. varenicline : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that acts as a partial agonist for nicotinic cholinergic receptors and is used (in the form of its tartate salt) as an aid to giving up smoking.	3.6	2	0
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	2.38	2	0	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).	3.09	5	0	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II	human metabolite
fiduxosin fiduxosin: fiduxosin (ABT-980) is the (3aR,9bR)-isomer; structure in first source	3.59	2	0
campesterol campesterol: RN refers to (3beta,24R)-isomer; structure	2.06	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; C28-steroid; phytosterols	mouse metabolite
atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.	4.46	7	0
ropivacaine Ropivacaine: An anilide used as a long-acting local anesthetic. It has a differential blocking effect on sensory and motor neurons.. ropivacaine : The piperidinecarboxamide obtained by the formal condensation of N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline.. (S)-ropivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide-based amide-type local anaesthetic (amide caine) in which (S)-N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline are combined to form the amide bond.	2.02	1	0	piperidinecarboxamide; ropivacaine	local anaesthetic
erlotinib [no description available]	3.86	3	0	aromatic ether; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; terminal acetylenic compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist; protein kinase inhibitor
organophosphonates hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid.	1.95	1	0	divalent inorganic anion; phosphite ion
l 733560 L 733560: a semisynthetic pneumocandin; structure in first source	1.99	1	0
mycosamine mycosamine: structure	2.75	3	0	deoxymannose derivative; mannosamine
isospaglumic acid isospaglumic acid: mediator in the sensitivity of animals to hyperbaric oxygenation; Naaxia is the tradename; apparently can have both a neuroprotective and a neurotoxic effect. Ac-Asp-Glu : A dipeptide composed of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid and L-glutamic acid joined by a peptide linkage.	2	1	0	dipeptide	human metabolite
6-amino-2-n-pentylthiobenzothiazole 6-amino-2-n-pentylthiobenzothiazole: structure given in first source	2	1	0
etravirine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	aminopyrimidine; aromatic ether; dinitrile; organobromine compound	antiviral agent; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
roseofungin roseofungin: polyene antibiotic produced by a Streptomyces strain; Russian drug	1.99	1	0
dronedarone Dronedarone: A non-iodinated derivative of amiodarone that is used for the treatment of ARRHYTHMIA.. dronedarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	3.23	1	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; sulfonamide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ramelteon ramelteon: melatonin MT1/MT2 receptor agonist	3.23	1	0	indanes
lapatinib [no description available]	3.59	2	0	furans; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; quinazolines	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
darunavir Darunavir: An HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of AIDS and HIV INFECTIONS. Due to the emergence of ANTIVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE when used alone, it is administered in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS.. darunavir : An N,N-disubstituted benzenesulfonamide bearing an unsubstituted amino group at the 4-position, used for the treatment of HIV infection. A second-generation HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including those from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to other protease inhibitors.	3.23	1	0	carbamate ester; furofuran; sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
deferasirox Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA.. deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions.	3.59	2	0	benzoic acids; monocarboxylic acid; phenols; triazoles	iron chelator
tbc-11251 sitaxsentan: endothelin A receptor antagonist; structure in first source	3.23	1	0	benzodioxoles
tolvaptan [no description available]	3.23	1	0	benzazepine; benzenedicarboxamide	aquaretic; vasopressin receptor antagonist
sorafenib [no description available]	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas; pyridinecarboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
colistimethate sodium [no description available]	3.36	1	1
lenalidomide [no description available]	3.23	1	0	aromatic amine; dicarboximide; isoindoles; piperidones	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; immunomodulator
regadenoson [no description available]	3.23	1	0	purine nucleoside
lacosamide Lacosamide: An acetamide derivative that acts as a blocker of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, for adjunctive or monotherapy, in the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES.	3.23	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
demecolcine Demecolcine: An alkaloid isolated from Colchicum autumnale L. and used as an antineoplastic.. (-)-demecolcine : A secondary amino compound that is (S)-colchicine in which the N-acetyl group is replaced by an N-methyl group. Isolable from the autumn crocus, Colchicum autumnale, it is less toxic than colchicine and is used as an antineoplastic.	2.4	2	0	alkaloid; secondary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent
cholic acid Cholic Acid: A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.. cholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid bearing three alpha-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12.	2.46	2	0	12alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; 7alpha-hydroxy steroid; bile acid; C24-steroid; trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
erythritol [no description available]	1.95	1	0	butane-1,2,3,4-tetrol	antioxidant; human metabolite; plant metabolite
deoxycholic acid Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively.	3.6	9	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human blood serum metabolite
estradiol 3-benzoate 17beta-estradiol 3-benzoate : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of benzoic acid with the phenolic hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol.	2.02	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; benzoate ester	estrogen receptor agonist; xenoestrogen
cortisone [no description available]	2.63	3	0	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
vincaleukoblastine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	acetate ester; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite
lanosterol [no description available]	3.45	8	0	14alpha-methyl steroid; 3beta-sterol; tetracyclic triterpenoid	bacterial metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
benzarone benzarone: antihemorrhagic agent; structure	3.59	2	0	1-benzofurans
estramustine Estramustine: A nitrogen mustard linked to estradiol, usually as phosphate; used to treat prostatic neoplasms; also has radiation protective properties.. estramustine : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid.	3.56	2	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; carbamate ester; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; radiation protective agent
methylnaphthazarin methylnaphthazarin: structure in first source	2.42	2	0
noscapine Noscapine: A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent.. (-)-noscapine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline which is substituted by a 4,5-dimethoxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-yl group at position 1, a methylenedioxy group at positions 6-7 and a methoxy group at position 8. Obtained from plants of the Papaveraceae family, it lacks significant painkilling properties and is primarily used for its antitussive (cough-suppressing) effects.	2.45	2	0	aromatic ether; benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; cyclic acetal; isobenzofuranone; organic heterobicyclic compound; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; antitussive; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
wortmannin [no description available]	2.73	3	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; delta-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Penicillium metabolite; radiosensitizing agent
nsc 352122 trimetrexate glucuronate: an orphan drug and AIDS drug; used for treatment of Pneumocytis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS	1.98	1	0
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.	8.15	11	5
taurochenodeoxycholic acid Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of chenodeoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as detergent to solubilize fats in the small intestine and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurochenodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurochenodeoxycholic acid arising from deprotonation of the sulfonate OH group; major species at pH 7.3.. taurochenodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of chenodeoxycholic acid.	2.07	1	0	bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
bortezomib [no description available]	3.6	2	0	amino acid amide; L-phenylalanine derivative; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; protease inhibitor; proteasome inhibitor
ritonavir Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.	4.25	5	0	1,3-thiazoles; carbamate ester; carboxamide; L-valine derivative; ureas	antiviral drug; environmental contaminant; HIV protease inhibitor; xenobiotic
dihydropyridines Dihydropyridines: Pyridine moieties which are partially saturated by the addition of two hydrogen atoms in any position.	2.7	3	0
lanatosides Lanatosides: Glycosides from DIGITALIS lanata leaf. Lanatoside C has actions similar to DIGOXIN. Mixtures of lanatosides A, B, and C have also been used. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p670)	1.94	1	0
povidone-iodine Povidone-Iodine: An iodinated polyvinyl polymer used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aerosol. The iodine may be radiolabeled for research purposes.	5.19	4	3
carboplatin [no description available]	4.34	2	2
lithium chloride Lithium Chloride: A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.. lithium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a Li(+) counterion.	2.41	2	0	inorganic chloride; lithium salt	antimanic drug; geroprotector
glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.	2	1	0
sorbose sorbopyranose : The pyranose form of sorbose.. L-sorbopyranose : The L-stereoisomer of sorbopyranose.	2.63	3	0	L-sorbose; sorbopyranose
arabinose [no description available]	2.35	2	0	L-arabinose	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
fibrin Fibrin: A protein derived from FIBRINOGEN in the presence of THROMBIN, which forms part of the blood clot.	1.94	1	0	peptide
bradykinin [no description available]	3.24	6	0	oligopeptide	human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent
glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.	4.6	6	1	D-glucosamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite
elastin [no description available]	1.95	1	0	oligopeptide
mevalonic acid Mevalonic Acid: A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.. mevalonic acid : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mevalonic acid.. (R)-mevalonic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of mevalonic acid.	2.37	2	0	3,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid
naringenin (S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.	2.46	2	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; naringenin	expectorant; plant metabolite
epiglucan epiglucan: a highly side-chain/branched alkali-insoluble cell wall glucan from fungus such as Epicoccum nigrum, Botrytis cinerea, ascomycetes & basidiomycetes; also isolated S-4001 from Lei Wan (polyporus mylitiae), HA-beta-glucan from mushroom Pleutotus ostreatus (Fr.) Quel., and translam from seaweed Laminaria cichorioides; with commercially important functional properties including emulsification and friction reduction.	3.23	1	0
oxytocin Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.	4.34	6	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone	oxytocic; vasodilator agent
laminaran beta-1,3-glucan: component of fungal cell walls; also used as antitumor polysaccharide; unspecified D usually means BETA-GLUCANS; beta-1,3-D-glucan is also available; glucan phosphate is also available; biosynthesis is inhibited by echinocandins (cyclic hexapeptides). laminarin : A polysaccharide composed of beta-(1->3)-linked glucose residues containing sporadic beta-(1->6)-linkages as branch points or inter-residue linkages and 2-3% D-mannitol at some reducing termini.	3.23	1	0
7-dehydrocholesterol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; cholestanoid; Delta(5),Delta(7)-sterol	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: Intracellular messenger formed by the action of phospholipase C on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which is one of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is released into the cytoplasm where it releases calcium ions from internal stores within the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. These calcium ions stimulate the activity of B kinase or calmodulin.	2.69	3	0	myo-inositol trisphosphate	mouse metabolite
ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.	6.63	69	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite
puromycin [no description available]	3.95	4	0	puromycins	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor; nucleoside antibiotic; protein synthesis inhibitor
taxifolin (+)-taxifolin : A taxifolin that has (2R,3R)-configuration.	2.04	1	0	taxifolin	metabolite
pentostatin Pentostatin: A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.. pentostatin : A member of the class of coformycins that is coformycin in which the hydroxy group at position 2' is replaced with a hydrogen. It is a drug used for the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia.	3.56	2	0	coformycins	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
taurolithocholic acid Taurolithocholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver from lithocholic acid conjugation with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It solubilizes fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurolithocholic acid : The bile acid taurine conjugate of lithocholic acid.	2.46	2	0	bile acid taurine conjugate; monocarboxylic acid amide	human metabolite
n-glycolylneuraminic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid: RN given refers to (all-D)-isomer	2.6	1	0	N-acylneuraminic acid
nitroarginine Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group.	1.98	1	0	guanidines; L-arginine derivative; N-nitro compound; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
adenosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate): RN given refers to cpd with unspecified locant for thio group; see also records for 1-thio & 2-thio-isomers. adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate : A nucleoside triphosphate analogue that is ATP in which one of the oxygens attached to 3-phosphate group is replaced by sulfur.	1.98	1	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
cellulase Cellulase: An endocellulase with specificity for the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-glucosidic linkages in CELLULOSE, lichenin, and cereal beta-glucans.. beta-cellotriose : A cellotriose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.	4.05	3	1	cellotriose
quinidine Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.	4.38	6	0	cinchona alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker
meropenem Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.	3.84	3	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; carbapenemcarboxylic acid; organic sulfide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug; drug allergen
griseofulvin Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.	9.88	112	0	1-benzofurans; antibiotic antifungal drug; benzofuran antifungal drug; organochlorine compound; oxaspiro compound	antibacterial agent; Penicillium metabolite
actinorhodin actinorhodin: structure. actinorhodin : A member of the class of benzoisochromanequinone that is produced by Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) and exhibits antibiotic activity.	2	1	0
monensin Monensin: An antiprotozoal agent produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. It exerts its effect during the development of first-generation trophozoites into first-generation schizonts within the intestinal epithelial cells. It does not interfere with hosts' development of acquired immunity to the majority of coccidial species. Monensin is a sodium and proton selective ionophore and is widely used as such in biochemical studies.. monensin A : A spiroketal, monensin A is the major component of monensin, a mixture of antibiotic substances produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. An antiprotozoal, it is used as the sodium salt as a feed additive for the prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and as a growth promoter in cattle.	3.71	10	0	cyclic hemiketal; monocarboxylic acid; polyether antibiotic; spiroketal	antifungal agent; coccidiostat; ionophore
cefoxitin Cefoxitin: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.. cefoxitin : A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups. It is resistant to beta-lactamase.	4.05	4	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; cephamycin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
saquinavir Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.	4.25	5	0	L-asparagine derivative; quinolines	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
pancuronium Pancuronium: A bis-quaternary steroid that is a competitive nicotinic antagonist. As a neuromuscular blocking agent it is more potent than CURARE but has less effect on the circulatory system and on histamine release.. pancuronium : A steroid ester in which a 5alpha-androstane skeleton is C-3alpha- and C-17beta-disubstituted with acetoxy groups and 2beta- and 16beta-disubstituted with 1-methylpiperidinium-1-yl groups. It is a non-depolarizing curare-mimetic muscle relaxant.	3.23	1	0	acetate ester; steroid ester	cholinergic antagonist; muscle relaxant; nicotinic antagonist
abacavir abacavir: a carbocyclic nucleoside with potent selective anti-HIV activity. abacavir : A 2,6-diaminopurine that is (1S)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the pro-R hydrogen at the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl group. A nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with antiretroviral activity against HIV, it is used (particularly as the sulfate) with other antiretrovirals in combination therapy of HIV infection.	3.59	2	0	2,6-diaminopurines	antiviral drug; drug allergen; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
netilmicin Netilmicin: Semisynthetic 1-N-ethyl derivative of SISOMYCIN, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action similar to gentamicin, but less ear and kidney toxicity.	2.02	1	0
miglitol [no description available]	3.23	1	0	piperidines
metyrosine alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine : An L-tyrosine derivative that consists of L-tyrosine bearing an additional methyl substituent at position 2. An inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with pheochromocytoma.	3.85	3	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor
rocuronium bromide rocuronium bromide : The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.	2.02	1	0	organic bromide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent
terconazole terconazole: structure & RN for (cis)-isomer from first source. terconazole : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (2R,4S)- and (2S,4R)-terconazole. It has broad-spectrum antifungal activitiy and is used for the treatment of vaginal yeast infections (Candida).. (2R,4S)-terconazole : A 1-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)-4-isopropylpiperazine in which positions 2 and 4 of the 1,3-dioxolane moiety have R and S configuration, respectively.	2.65	3	0	1-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)-4-isopropylpiperazine
bacampicillin bacampicillin: ester prodrug that is hydrolyzed to ampicillin after its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bacampicillin : A penicillanic acid ester that is the 1-ethoxycarbonyloxyethyl ester of ampicillin. It is a semi-synthetic, microbiologically inactive prodrug of ampicillin.	2.02	1	0	penicillanic acid ester	prodrug
linezolid [no description available]	3.73	2	0	acetamides; morpholines; organofluorine compound; oxazolidinone	antibacterial drug; protein synthesis inhibitor
indican [no description available]	2.34	2	0	beta-D-glucoside; exopolysaccharide; indolyl carbohydrate
ryanodine Ryanodine: A methylpyrrole-carboxylate from RYANIA that disrupts the RYANODINE RECEPTOR CALCIUM RELEASE CHANNEL to modify CALCIUM release from SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM resulting in alteration of MUSCLE CONTRACTION. It was previously used in INSECTICIDES. It is used experimentally in conjunction with THAPSIGARGIN and other inhibitors of CALCIUM ATPASE uptake of calcium into SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM.. ryanodine : An insecticide alkaloid isolated from South American plant Ryania speciosa.	1.98	1	0
naringin [no description available]	2.07	1	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; neohesperidoside	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; metabolite
juliflorine juliflorine: alkaloid from Psosopis juliflora; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0	citraconoyl group
Chebulagic acid [no description available]	2.02	1	0	tannin
acriflavine Acriflavine: 3,6-Diamino-10-methylacridinium chloride mixt. with 3,6-acridinediamine. Fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication.	1.95	1	0
clindamycin phosphate [no description available]	3.23	1	0
eplerenone Eplerenone: A spironolactone derivative and selective ALDOSTERONE RECEPTOR antagonist that is used in the management of HYPERTENSION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, post-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	3.23	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; epoxy steroid; gamma-lactone; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; oxaspiro compound; steroid acid ester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent
tolterodine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant
doxorubicin hydrochloride [no description available]	3.66	2	0	anthracycline
halcinonide Halcinonide: A glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of DERMATITIS; ECZEMA; or PSORIASIS. It may cause skin irritation.	3.34	1	1	organic molecular entity	SMO receptor agonist
erythromycin ethylsuccinate Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. This compound is an ester of erythromycin base and succinic acid. It acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin ethylsuccinate : A erythromycin derivative that is erythromycin A in which the hydroxy group at position 3R is substituted by a (4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoyl)oxy group. It is used for the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections.	3.05	5	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin derivative; ethyl ester; succinate ester
amcinonide amcinonide: structure	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; acetate ester; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; spiroketal	anti-inflammatory drug
betamethasone acetate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; acetate ester; fluorinated steroid; steroid ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
darifenacin darifenacin : 2-[(3S)-1-Ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide in which one of the hydrogens at the 2-position of the ethyl group is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl group. It is a selective antagonist for the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which is primarily responsible for bladder muscle contractions, and is used as the hydrobromide salt in the management of urinary incontinence.	3.23	1	0	1-benzofurans; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrrolidines	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.	4.81	31	0	cyclodextrin
acarbose [no description available]	2.97	4	0	amino cyclitol; glycoside
ergosterol [no description available]	7.16	70	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; ergostanoid; phytosterols	fungal metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.	3.8	3	0	retinoic acid; vitamin A	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule
arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.	2.39	2	0	icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid	Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.	2.73	3	0	resveratrol	antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger
retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).	5.06	8	0	retinol; vitamin A	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
1,2-dilauroylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-dilauroylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+) : A A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+) that is the dilauroyl diester of phosphatidiylcholine.	2.4	2	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)
latrunculin a latrunculin A: 16-membered macrolide attached to 2-thiazolidinone moiety; from Red Sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica; see also latrunculin B; structure given in first source. latrunculin A : A bicyclic macrolide natural product consisting of a 16-membered bicyclic lactone attached to the rare 2-thiazolidinone moiety. It is obtained from the Red Sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica and from the Fiji Islands sponge Cacospongia mycofijiensis. Latrunculin A inhibits actin polymerisation, microfilament organsation and microfilament-mediated processes.	2.72	3	0	cyclic hemiketal; macrolide; oxabicycloalkane; thiazolidinone	actin polymerisation inhibitor; metabolite; toxin
palmitoleic acid hexadecenoate : A long-chain unsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of hexadecenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.	1.97	1	0	hexadec-9-enoic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human blood serum metabolite
oleic acid Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.	2.86	4	0	octadec-9-enoic acid	antioxidant; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; solvent
tacrolimus Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.	5.93	7	1	macrolide lactam	bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
cerivastatin cerivastatin: cerivastatin is the ((E)-(+))-isomer; structure given in first source. cerivastatin : (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid in which the (7E)-hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-5-(methoxymethyl)pyridin-3-yl group. Formerly used (as its sodium salt) to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.	2.07	1	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; pyridines; statin (synthetic)
rosuvastatin rosuvastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).	3.6	2	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrimidines; statin (synthetic); sulfonamide	anti-inflammatory agent; antilipemic drug; cardioprotective agent; CETP inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
thapsigargin Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations.	2.69	3	0	butyrate ester; organic heterotricyclic compound; sesquiterpene lactone	calcium channel blocker; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
mycophenolic acid Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	4.1	4	0	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; xenobiotic
mupirocin Mupirocin: A topically used antibiotic from a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. It has shown excellent activity against gram-positive staphylococci and streptococci. The antibiotic is used primarily for the treatment of primary and secondary skin disorders, nasal infections, and wound healing.. mupirocin : An alpha,beta-unsaturated ester resulting from the formal condensation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid with the carboxy group of (2E)-4-[(2S)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid in which the tetrahydropyranyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by hydroxy groups and at position 5 by a {(2S,3S)-3-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl]oxiran-2-yl}methyl group. Originally isolated from the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, it is used as a topical antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections.	4.08	3	1	alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester; epoxide; monocarboxylic acid; oxanes; secondary alcohol; triol	antibacterial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
clindamycin Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.	4.98	7	0
fosfomycin Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.	3.56	2	0	epoxide; phosphonic acids	antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
zithromax Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.	5.2	3	1	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
epothilone b [no description available]	3.43	6	0	epothilone; epoxide	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; microtubule-stabilising agent
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide) Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide): A stable adenosine A1 and A2 receptor agonist. Experimentally, it inhibits cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity.. N-ethyl-5'-carboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by an N-ethylcarboxamido group.	2.01	1	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; adenosine A2A receptor agonist; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
diethylstilbestrol Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.	3.37	7	0	olefinic compound; polyphenol	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; autophagy inducer; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; endocrine disruptor; xenoestrogen
octreotide [no description available]	3.23	1	0
epothilone a Epothilones: A group of 16-member MACROLIDES which stabilize MICROTUBULES in a manner similar to PACLITAXEL. They were originally found in the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum, now renamed to Polyangium (MYXOCOCCALES).	2.52	2	0	epothilone; epoxide	antineoplastic agent; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent; tubulin modulator
eptifibatide [no description available]	3.23	1	0	homodetic cyclic peptide; macrocycle; organic disulfide	anticoagulant; platelet aggregation inhibitor
h 89 N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide: structure given in first source. N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is the sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of isoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid with the primary amino group of N(1)-[3-(4-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine. It is a protein kinase A inhibitor.. (E)-N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide : A N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	2.42	2	0	N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]isoquinoline-5-sulfonamide
decitabine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	2'-deoxyribonucleoside
teniposide [no description available]	3.56	2	0	aromatic ether; beta-D-glucoside; cyclic acetal; furonaphthodioxole; gamma-lactone; monosaccharide derivative; phenols; thiophenes	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
neomycin c neomycin C: RN given refers to parent cpd. neomycin C : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine C.	1.96	1	0	aminoglycoside
ketoconazole (2R,4S)-ketoconazole : A cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine which dioxolane moiety has (2R,4S)-configuration.	3.76	2	0	cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine
cefamandole Cefamandole: Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.. cefamandole : A cephalosporin compound having (R)-mandelamido and N-methylthiotetrazole side-groups.	2.93	4	0	cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
dactinomycin Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)	5.51	9	0	actinomycin	mutagen
gamma-sitosterol clionasterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is poriferast-5-ene carrying a beta-hydroxy substituent at position 3.	2.06	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; phytosterols	marine metabolite; plant metabolite
azaserine Azaserine: Antibiotic substance produced by various Streptomyces species. It is an inhibitor of enzymatic activities that involve glutamine and is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent.. azaserine : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of diazoacetic acid with the alcoholic hydroxy group of L-serine. An antibiotic produced by a Streptomyces species.	3.03	1	0	carboxylic ester; diazo compound; L-serine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	antifungal agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; glutamine antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite
melphalan Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.	3.56	2	0	L-phenylalanine derivative; nitrogen mustard; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
enkephalin, leucine Enkephalin, Leucine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from MET-ENKEPHALIN in the LEUCINE at position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.. Leu-enkephalin : A pentapeptide comprising L-tyrosine, glycine, glycine, L-phenylalanine and L-leucine residues joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is an endogenous opioid peptide produced in vertebrate species, including rodents, primates and humans that results from decomposition of proenkephalin or dynorphin and exhibits antinociceptive properties.	1.99	1	0	pentapeptide; peptide zwitterion	analgesic; delta-opioid receptor agonist; human metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; rat metabolite
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde: proteasome inhibitor. N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal : A tripeptide that is L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been reduced to the corresponding aldehyde and the N-terminal amino group is protected as its benzyloxycarbonyl derivative.	2.1	1	0	amino aldehyde; carbamate ester; tripeptide	proteasome inhibitor
tenofovir tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.	3.87	3	0	nucleoside analogue; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; drug metabolite; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ravuconazole ER 30346: structure in first source. ravuconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1-butyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole in which the butyl group is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 3 by hydroxy, 2,4-difluorophenyl, and 4-(p-cyanophenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl groups, respectively (the R,R stereoisomer). It exhibits antifungal activity by inhibition of 14alpha demethylase, an enzyme involved in sterol synthesis, resulting in lysis of the fungal cell wall and fungal cell death. (NCIO4)	2.07	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; fluorobenzenes; nitrile; tertiary alcohol; triazoles	antifungal drug; antileishmanial agent; EC 1.14.14.154 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor
posaconazole [no description available]	4.81	3	0	aromatic ether; conazole antifungal drug; N-arylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxolanes; triazole antifungal drug; triazoles	trypanocidal drug
l 743,872 [no description available]	4.81	9	0
micafungin Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy.	3.66	2	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; echinocandin	antiinfective agent
riboflavin vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).	3.5	2	0	flavin; vitamin B2	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fundamental metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
potassium permanganate Potassium Permanganate: Permanganic acid (HMnO4), potassium salt. A highly oxidative, water-soluble compound with purple crystals, and a sweet taste. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Information, 4th ed)	3.46	2	0
sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.	5.47	4	1	one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt	antacid; food anticaking agent
sodium benzoate Sodium Benzoate: The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.. sodium benzoate : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.	3.38	1	1	organic sodium salt	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
arsenic trioxide Tetraarsenic Oxide: A form of As2O3 that exists as As4O6 in the solid state. It dissociates to As2O3 upon heating to the vapor phase above 800 degrees Celsius.	3.23	1	0	arsenic oxide	antineoplastic agent; insecticide
bromochloroacetic acid Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.. bromochloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by bromine while a second is replaced by chlorine. A low-melting (27.5-31.5degreeC), hygroscopic crystalline solid, it can be formed during the disinfection (by chlorination) of water that contains bromide ions and organic matter, so can occur in drinking water as a byproduct of the disinfection process.	2.48	2	0	2-bromocarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound
methyl indole-3-carboxylate methyl indole-3-carboxylate : The methyl ester of indole-3-carboxylic acid.	2.1	1	0	indoles; methyl ester	metabolite
ar-c239 AR-C239: structure given in first source; alpha(2B)-selective adrenoreceptor	1.99	1	0	piperazines
sch 22219 alclometasone dipropionate : A prednisolone compound having an alpha-chloro substituent at the 7-position, an alpha-methyl substituent at the 16-position and O-propanoyl groups at the 17- and 21-positions.	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; propanoate ester; steroid ester	anti-inflammatory drug
sr 90107 fondaparinux sodium : An organic sodium salt, being the decasodium salt of fondaparinux.	3.23	1	0
meglumine iodipamide [no description available]	3.23	1	0	organoammonium salt	radioopaque medium
cinnamaldehyde 3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes.	2.07	1	0	3-phenylprop-2-enal; cinnamaldehydes	antifungal agent; EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; sensitiser; vasodilator agent
trans-4-coumaric acid hydroxycinnamic acid : Any member of the class of cinnamic acids carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. trans-4-coumaric acid : The trans-isomer of 4-coumaric acid.. 4-coumaric acid : A coumaric acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-4 of the phenyl ring.	2.21	1	0	4-coumaric acid	food component; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
glycosides [no description available]	4.43	7	0
isomethyleugenol Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	2.64	3	0	isomethyleugenol
squalene Addavax: an oil-water nanoemulsion and adjuvant containing squalene, Tween 80, and sorbitane trioleate	2.35	2	0	triterpene	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.	3.68	10	0	stilbene
thyrotropin-releasing hormone PR 546: no other info available 9/89. protirelin : A tripeptide composed of L-pyroglutamyl, L-histidyl and L-prolinamide residues joined in sequence.	3.23	1	0	peptide hormone; tripeptide	human metabolite
propolin c propolin C: a PAK1 inhibitor; from Taiwanese propolis; structure in first source. nymphaeol A : A tetrahydroxyflavanone that is (2S)-flavanone substituted by hydroxy group at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4' and a geranyl group at position 6. Isolated from Macaranga tanarius and propolis collected in Okinawa, it exhibits radical scavenging activity.	2.04	1	0	4'-hydroxyflavanones; tetrahydroxyflavanone	metabolite; radical scavenger
sorbic acid Sorbic Acid: Mold and yeast inhibitor. Used as a fungistatic agent for foods, especially cheeses.. (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid : A sorbic acid having trans-double bonds at positions 2 and 4; a food preservative that can induce cutaneous vasodilation and stinging upon topical application to humans. It is the most thermodynamically stable of the four possible geometric isomers possible, as well as the one with the highest antimicrobial activity.. sorbic acid : A hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4; it has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring.	2.66	3	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; sorbic acid
lypressin Lypressin: The porcine antidiuretic hormone (VASOPRESSINS). It is a cyclic nonapeptide that differs from ARG-VASOPRESSIN by one amino acid, containing a LYSINE at residue 8 instead of an ARGININE. Lys-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.	2.05	1	0	cyclic peptide
arginine vasopressin Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6.	3.23	1	0	vasopressin	cardiovascular drug; hematologic agent; mitogen
s 1033 [no description available]	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; imidazoles; pyridines; pyrimidines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
mezlocillin Mezlocillin: Semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin. It has been proposed for infections with certain anaerobes and may be useful in inner ear, bile, and CNS infections.. mezlocillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2R)-2-[3-(methanesulfonyl)-2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.	2.02	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
cefsulodin Cefsulodin: A pyridinium-substituted semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial used especially for Pseudomonas infections in debilitated patients.. cefsulodin : A pyridinium-substituted semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, cephalosporin antibiotic.	2.6	1	0	cephalosporin; organosulfonic acid; primary carboxamide	antibacterial drug
cholinophyllin [no description available]	2.02	1	0
xe 991, anthracenone 10,10-bis(4-pyridinylmethyl)-9(10H)-anthracenone: neurotransmitter release enhancer and potassium channel blocker; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0	anthracenes
fludarabine [no description available]	2.02	1	0	purine nucleoside
propylthiouracil Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.	3.85	3	0	pyrimidinethione	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antimetabolite; antioxidant; antithyroid drug; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; hormone antagonist
ipratropium bromide anhydrous [no description available]	2.02	1	0
sesquiterpenes [no description available]	2.93	4	0
chlorprothixene Chlorprothixene: A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.. (Z)-chlorprothixene : A chlorprothixene in which the double bond adopts a (Z)-configuration.	2.46	2	0	chlorprothixene
etomidate Etomidate: Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.. etomidate : The ethyl ester of 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. It is an intravenous general anaesthetic with no analgesic activity.	3.87	3	0	ethyl ester; imidazoles	intravenous anaesthetic; sedative
mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.	4.18	5	0	aryl thiol; purines; thiocarbonyl compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
thioinosine Thioinosine: Sulfhydryl analog of INOSINE that inhibits nucleoside transport across erythrocyte plasma membranes, and has immunosuppressive properties. It has been used similarly to MERCAPTOPURINE in the treatment of leukemia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p503)	1.97	1	0
caffeic acid trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid.	2.13	1	0	caffeic acid	geroprotector; mouse metabolite
pyrantel Pyrantel: A depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking agent, that causes persistent nicotinic activation resulting in spastic paralysis of susceptible nematodes. It is a drug of second-choice after benzimidazoles for treatment of ascariasis, hookworm, and pinworm infections, being effective after a single dose. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p920). pyrantel : A carboxamidine that is 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine that is substituted at position 1 by a methyl group and at position 2 by an (E)-2-(2-thienyl)vinyl group. It is used, particularly as the embonate [4,4'-methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate)] salt, as an anthelmintic that is effective against intestinal nematodes including threadworms, roundworms and hookworms, and is included in the WHO 'Model List of Essential Medicines'.	3.23	1	0	1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines; carboxamidine; thiophenes	antinematodal drug
isoeugenol trans-isoeugenol : The trans-stereoisomer of isoeugenol.	2.15	1	0	isoeugenol	plant metabolite
flunarizine Flunarizine: Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy.	2.41	2	0	diarylmethane
thiothixene [no description available]	3.56	2	0	N-methylpiperazine	anticoronaviral agent
eszopiclone Eszopiclone: A pyridine, pyrazine, and piperazine derivative that is used as a HYPNOTIC AND SEDATIVE in the treatment of INSOMNIA.. eszopiclone : The (5S)- (active) enantiomer of zopiclone. Unlike almost all other hypnotic sedatives, which are approved only for the relief of short-term (6-8 weeks) insomnia, eszopiclone is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for long-term use.	3.23	1	0	zopiclone	central nervous system depressant; sedative
curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger
benztropine Benztropine: A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.. benzatropine : Tropane in which a hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a diphenylmethoxy group (endo-isomer). An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used (particularly as its methanesulphonate salt) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.	3.85	3	0	diarylmethane
nootkatone nootkatone: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source. (+)-nootkatone : A sesquiterpenoid that is 4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalen-2(3H)-one which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4 and 4a, and by an isopropenyl group at position 6 (the 4R,4aS,6R stereoisomer).	2.07	1	0	carbobicyclic compound; enone; sesquiterpenoid	fragrance; insect repellent; plant metabolite
methimazole Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.	3.59	2	0	1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones	antithyroid drug
urb 597 cyclohexyl carbamic acid 3'-carbamoylbiphenyl-3-yl ester: a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.03	1	0	biphenyls
sulindac Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.	4.07	4	0	monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfoxide	analgesic; antineoplastic agent; antipyretic; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug; tocolytic agent
capsaicin ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.	2.03	1	0	capsaicinoid	non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
enclomiphene Enclomiphene: The trans or (E)-isomer of clomiphene.	2.02	1	0
terbinafine [no description available]	6.13	12	0	acetylenic compound; allylamine antifungal drug; enyne; naphthalenes; tertiary amine	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
3-((3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-((3-carboxyphenyl)methylene)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone 3-((3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-((3-carboxyphenyl)methylene)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone: a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator inhibitor; structure in first source	2.06	1	0
2-pentylcinnamaldehyde 2-pentylcinnamaldehyde: jasmine-like odor, widely used synthetic fragrance & suspected allergen; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0	cinnamaldehydes
2-chloro-3-(prop-2-enylamino)naphthalene-1,4-dione [no description available]	2.05	1	0	1,4-naphthoquinones
thioguanine anhydrous Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.	3.85	3	0	2-aminopurines	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.	2.63	3	0	one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas	antioxidant; chromophore
D-fructopyranose [no description available]	1.94	1	0	cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose	sweetening agent
succimer Succimer: A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them.. succimer : A sulfur-containing carboxylic acid that is succinic acid bearing two mercapto substituents at positions 2 and 3. A lead chelator used as an antedote to lead poisoning.	3.56	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; dithiol; sulfur-containing carboxylic acid	chelator
digoxin Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.	4.75	5	0	cardenolide glycoside; steroid saponin	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; epitope
streptozocin [no description available]	3.85	3	0
fumonisin b1 fumonisin B1: isolated from Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826; structure given in first source; has cancer-promoting activity; inhibits ceramide synthase. fumonisin B1 : A diester that results from the condensation of the 1-carboxy groups of two molecules of propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid with hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 of (2S,3S,5R,10R,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,5,10,14,15-pentol.	2.44	2	0	diester; fumonisin; primary amino compound; triol	carcinogenic agent; metabolite
tamoxifen [no description available]	4.25	5	0	stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
sodium taurodeoxycholate Taurodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic, also industrially as a fat emulsifier.. taurodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.. taurodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurodeoxycholic acid.	2.07	1	0	bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite
nadp [no description available]	2.46	2	0
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974)	2.44	2	0
nap taurine NAP taurine: photochemical labelling reagent for erythrocyte membrane; structure	1.95	1	0
ethionamide Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.	3.56	2	0	pyridines; thiocarboxamide	antilipemic drug; antitubercular agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor; leprostatic drug; prodrug
cancidas [no description available]	4.27	5	0
fusidic acid Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.	6.51	8	2	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; steroid acid; steroid antibiotic; sterol ester	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
lincomycin Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.	4.95	7	0	carbohydrate-containing antibiotic; L-proline derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide; S-glycosyl compound	antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
valinomycin Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains.	4.57	8	0	cyclodepsipeptide; macrocycle	antimicrobial agent; antiviral agent; bacterial metabolite; potassium ionophore
estrone sulfate estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.46	2	0	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
ranitidine Ranitidine: A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (H2 receptors). It is used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers.. ranitidine : A member of the class of furans used to treat peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease.	3.23	1	0	C-nitro compound; furans; organic sulfide; tertiary amino compound	anti-ulcer drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; H2-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
aplaviroc aplaviroc: a spiro-diketo-piperazine; a potent noncompetitive allosteric antagonist of the CCR5 receptor with concomitantly potent antiviral effects for HIV-1; structure in first source	3.59	2	0
helvolic acid helvolic acid: structure. helvolic acid : A steroid C-21 acid having a 29-nordammarane skeleton substituted with an acetoxy group at C-16 and oxo groups at C-3 and -7, with double bonds at C-1, -17(20) and -24.	2.13	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(1) steroid; acetate ester; monocarboxylic acid; steroid acid	antibacterial agent; fungal metabolite; mycotoxin
hmr 3647 [no description available]	3.23	1	0
maraviroc [no description available]	3.59	2	0	tropane alkaloid
toremifene Toremifene: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.	3.59	2	0	aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amine	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
u 0126 U 0126: protein kinase kinase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.17	1	0	aryl sulfide; dinitrile; enamine; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; osteogenesis regulator; vasoconstrictor agent
zinc oxide Diaper Rash: A type of irritant dermatitis localized to the area in contact with a diaper and occurring most often as a reaction to prolonged contact with urine, feces, or retained soap or detergent.	9.46	21	4
nelarabine nelarabine: prodrug of ara-G. nelarabine : A purine nucleoside in which O-methylguanine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. Inhibits DNA synthesis and causes cell death; a prodrug of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine (ara-G).	3.23	1	0	beta-D-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative; purine nucleoside	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; prodrug
glycylproline Gly-Pro : A dipeptide consisting of L-proline having a glycyl residue attached to its alpha-amino group.	2.07	1	0	dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide	metabolite
lithium Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.	3.34	7	0	alkali metal atom
dermatan sulfate Dermatan Sulfate: A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found mostly in the skin and in connective tissue. It differs from CHONDROITIN SULFATE A (see CHONDROITIN SULFATES) by containing IDURONIC ACID in place of glucuronic acid, its epimer, at carbon atom 5. (from Merck, 12th ed). alpha-L-IdopA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc4S : An oligosaccharide sulfate that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-idopyranuronoside.. dermatan sulfate : Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated beta1->4-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units.	3.23	1	0	amino disaccharide; glycosylgalactose derivative; iduronic acids; oligosaccharide sulfate
dezocine dezocine: potent analgesic; RN given refers to ((5R-(5alpha,11alpha,13S*)))-isomer (dezocin); structure. dezocine : (7S,8S)-7-Amino-8-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol in which the hydrogen at position 8 and one of the hydrogens at position 6 are substituted by each end of a tetramethylene bridge. A synthetic opioid analgesic, it has mixed opiod agonist and antagonist properties. Although it is used for pain management, it can produce opioid withdrawal syndrome in patients already dependent on other opioids, and its clinical application is limited by side effects such as dizziness.	2.02	1	0	phenols; primary amino compound	opioid analgesic
dapiprazole [no description available]	2.02	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; pyridines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antipsychotic agent; miotic; ophthalmology drug
dolasetron [no description available]	3.23	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
orlistat Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.	3.59	2	0	beta-lactone; carboxylic ester; formamides; L-leucine derivative	anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
quinine [no description available]	5.89	12	0	cinchona alkaloid	antimalarial; muscle relaxant; non-narcotic analgesic
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester [no description available]	2.41	2	0
glycodeoxycholic acid Glycodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. glycodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.	2.07	1	0	bile acid glycine conjugate	human metabolite
fospropofol [no description available]	3.23	1	0	alkylbenzene
rasagiline [no description available]	3.23	1	0	indanes; secondary amine; terminal acetylenic compound	EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
dasatinib N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide: a dasatinib prodrug; structure in first source. dasatinib (anhydrous) : An aminopyrimidine that is 2-methylpyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by the primary amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and at position 6 by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group, and in which the carboxylic acid group has been formally condensed with 2-chloro-6-methylaniline to afford the corresponding amide. A multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, it is used, particularly as the monohydrate, for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Note that the name 'dasatinib' is used to refer to the monohydrate (USAN) as well as to anhydrous dasatinib (INN).	3.23	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; aminopyrimidine; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-arylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
calixarenes Calixarenes: Phenolic metacyclophanes derived from condensation of PHENOLS and ALDEHYDES. The name derives from the vase-like molecular structures. A bracketed [n] indicates the number of aromatic rings.. calixarenes : Originally macrocyclic compounds capable of assuming a basket (or "calix") shaped conformation. They are formed from p-hydrocarbyl phenols and formaldehyde. The term now applies to a variety of derivatives by substitution of the hydrocarbon cyclo{oligo[(1,3-phenylene)methylene]}.. calixarene : A macrocycle composed of 1,3-phenylene groups linked by methylene groups. The number of 1,3-phenylene units in the macrocycle is denoted by the "n" in calix[n]arene name.	1.98	1	0
olivomycins Olivomycins: A mixture of several closely related glycosidic antibiotics obtained from Actinomyces (or Streptomyces) olivoreticuli. They are used as fluorescent dyes that bind to DNA and prevent both RNA and protein synthesis and are also used as antineoplastic agents.	1.94	1	0
cytellin cytellin: a phytosterol preparation of mainly B-sitosterol, that was marketed by Eli Lilly to lower cholesterol 1957 to 1982	2.06	1	0
alatrofloxacin alatrofloxacin: prodrug of trovafloxacin	2.06	1	0
2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline 2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline: structure given in first source; neuroprotectant for cerebral ischemia; AMPA receptor antagonist	2.02	1	0	naphthalenes; sulfonic acid derivative
ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	2.37	2	0
sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.	2.4	2	0	organic sodium salt	detergent; protein denaturant
naphthoquinones Naphthoquinones: Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.	3.77	3	0
hydroxyethylcellulose hydroxyethylcellulose: component of contact lens wetting solutions; aldiamed is an artificial saliva; RN given refers to parent cpd. hydroxyethylcellulose : A polysaccharide derivative that is cellulose in which hydroxyethyl groups are bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers.	2.44	2	0
sitagliptin sitagliptin : A triazolopyrazine that exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	3.23	1	0	triazolopyrazine; trifluorobenzene	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; hypoglycemic agent; serine proteinase inhibitor; xenobiotic
flosequinan [no description available]	2.02	1	0	quinolines
tolcapone Tolcapone: A benzophenone and nitrophenol compound that acts as an inhibitor of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of DOPAMINE and LEVODOPA. It is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE in patients for whom levodopa is ineffective or contraindicated.. tolcapone : Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase.	3.59	2	0	2-nitrophenols; benzophenones; catechols	antiparkinson drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
methanethiosulfonate methanethiosulfonate: used for measurement of rhodanese activity; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.06	1	0
sphingosine sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4.	2.04	1	0	sphing-4-enine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
quercetin [no description available]	3.12	5	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
bilirubin [no description available]	1.94	1	0	biladienes; dicarboxylic acid	antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.	2.9	4	0	prostaglandins E	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic
bergaptol 5-hydroxyfurocoumarin : A furanocoumarin which bears a hydroxy group at position 5.	2.03	1	0	5-hydroxyfurocoumarin; psoralens
biochanin a [no description available]	2.47	2	0	4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
apigenin Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.	2.71	3	0	trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
linoleic acid Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed). linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry.	2.86	4	0	octadecadienoic acid; omega-6 fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia galeata metabolite; plant metabolite
calcitriol dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes	3.56	2	0	D3 vitamins; hydroxycalciol; triol	antineoplastic agent; antipsoriatic; bone density conservation agent; calcium channel agonist; calcium channel modulator; hormone; human metabolite; immunomodulator; metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
vitamin k semiquinone radical vitamin K semiquinone radical: found in active preparations of vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. vitamin K : Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors.	3.73	3	0
beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.	1.99	1	0	carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene	antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A
thromboxane a2 Thromboxane A2: An unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2. The compound has a bicyclic oxaneoxetane structure. It is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. It is the principal component of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS).. thromboxane A2 : A thromboxane which is produced by activated platelets and has prothrombotic properties: it stimulates activation of new platelets as well as increases platelet aggregation.	2	1	0	epoxy monocarboxylic acid; thromboxanes A	mouse metabolite
apigetrin apigetrin: structure given in first source. apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is apigenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; dihydroxyflavone; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative	antibacterial agent; metabolite; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
alprostadil [no description available]	2.02	1	0	prostaglandins E	anticoagulant; human metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
vitamin d 2 Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa.	4.44	7	0	hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-ergostane; vitamin D	bone density conservation agent; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; rodenticide
stigmasterol stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol: isolated from freeze-dried powder of Blackberries (Rubus ursinus L.) which showed an activity on inhibition of chemocarcinogen. stigmasterol : A 3beta-sterol that consists of 3beta-hydroxystigmastane having double bonds at the 5,6- and 22,23-positions.	1.95	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; phytosterols; stigmastane sterol	plant metabolite
rutin Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders.	4.34	2	2	disaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; rutinoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	antioxidant; metabolite
genistein [no description available]	3.65	9	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.	22.65	673	20	antibiotic antifungal drug; macrolide antibiotic; polyene antibiotic	antiamoebic agent; antiprotozoal drug; bacterial metabolite
pulmicort Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.	4.26	5	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic acetal; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; bronchodilator agent; drug allergen
oxymetholone Oxymetholone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. It is used mainly in the treatment of anemias. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002), this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). oxymetholone : A 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects.	3.59	2	0
eprosartan eprosartan: angiotensin II receptor antagonist. eprosartan : A member of the class of imidazoles and thiophenes that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure.	3.23	1	0	dicarboxylic acid; imidazoles; thiophenes	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
montelukast montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	3.59	2	0	aliphatic sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; quinolines	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist
mivacurium Mivacurium: An isoquinoline derivative that is used as a short-acting non-depolarizing agent.	3.23	1	0	isoquinolines
olopatadine [no description available]	2.02	1	0
hemabate carboprost tromethamine : The tromethamine salt of carboprost. It is used as an abortifacient agent that is effective in both the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.	3.23	1	0
mycophenolate mofetil mycophenolate mofetil : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid and the hydroxy group of 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol. In the liver, it is metabolised to mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant for which it is a prodrug. It is widely used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants as well as for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	3.23	1	0	carboxylic ester; ether; gamma-lactone; phenols; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
bw b1090u [no description available]	2.02	1	0	isoquinolines
entacapone entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.	3.23	1	0	2-nitrophenols; catechols; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; central nervous system drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
paricalcitol [no description available]	3.23	1	0	hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane	antiparathyroid drug
astaxanthine astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.	1.99	1	0	carotenol; carotenone	animal metabolite; anticoagulant; antioxidant; food colouring; plant metabolite
brassicasterol brassicasterol : An 3beta-sterol that is (22E)-ergosta-5,22-diene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3beta. It is a phytosterol found in marine algae, fish, and rapeseed oil.	2.03	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; ergostanoid; phytosterols	algal metabolite; animal metabolite; biomarker; EC 1.3.1.72 (Delta(24)-sterol reductase) inhibitor; human metabolite; marine metabolite; plant metabolite; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
genistin genistin: glycoside of soy bean isoflavone, gentistein	2.11	1	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside
mezerein mezerein: toxic component of plant Daphne mezereum with anti-leukemic activity against P-388 & P-1210 in mice; can act as a tumor promoter; RN given refers to (12beta(E,E))-isomer; structure	1.96	1	0	diterpenoid
7-hydroxycoumarin 7-oxycoumarin: derivatives have anti-oxidant properties. umbelliferone : A hydroxycoumarin that is coumarin substituted by a hydroxy group ay position 7.	2.03	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	fluorescent probe; food component; plant metabolite
baicalein [no description available]	2.02	1	0	trihydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hormone antagonist; plant metabolite; prostaglandin antagonist; radical scavenger
chrysin chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.	2.04	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; dihydroxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
mangostin mangostin: xanthone from rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. fruit. alpha-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3 and 6, a methoxy group at position 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumour activities.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; phenols; xanthones	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
morin morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5.	2.46	2	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite; neuroprotective agent
myricetin [no description available]	2.47	2	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; hexahydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; food component; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
santin santin: from Tanacetum microphyllum; structure given in first source. santin : A trimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3, 6 and 4' and hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 respectively.	2	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; trimethoxyflavone	plant metabolite
coumestrol Coumestrol: A daidzein derivative occurring naturally in forage crops which has some estrogenic activity.. coumestrol : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9.	2.07	1	0	coumestans; delta-lactone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
daidzein [no description available]	2.46	2	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
beta-asarone beta-asarone : The cis-isomer of asarone.	2	1	0	asarone	GABA modulator
rosmarinic acid rosmarinic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; promote OT project. (R)-rosmarinic acid : A stereoisomer of rosmarinic acid having (R)-configuration.. rosmarinic acid : The 1-carboxy-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester of trans-caffeic acid.	2.03	1	0	rosmarinic acid	geroprotector; plant metabolite
rottlerin rottlerin: an angiogenesis inhibitor; an inhibitor of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) and calmodulin kinase III; RN refers to (E)-isomer; do not confuse this chalcone with an anthraquinone that is also called rottlerin (RN 481-72-1);. rottlerin : A chromenol that is 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a 3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 8. A potassium channel opener, it is isolated from Mallotus philippensis.	2.44	2	0	aromatic ketone; benzenetriol; chromenol; enone; methyl ketone	anti-allergic agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; K-ATP channel agonist; metabolite
ellagic acid [no description available]	2.02	1	0	catechols; cyclic ketone; lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol	antioxidant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
flupenthixol cis-flupenthixol : A flupenthixol in which the double bond adopts a cis-configuration.	2.46	2	0	flupenthixol	dopaminergic antagonist
sdz psc 833 valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215	2.07	1	0	homodetic cyclic peptide
estradiol-17 beta-glucuronide 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid : A steroid glucosiduronic acid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having a beta-glucuronyl residue attached at position 17 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.07	1	0	3-hydroxy steroid; steroid glucosiduronic acid
l 660,711 [no description available]	2.46	2	0	quinolines
soraphen a [no description available]	2.02	1	0	cyclic hemiketal; ether; macrolide; olefinic compound	bacterial metabolite; EC 6.4.1.2 (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) inhibitor; teratogenic agent
anandamide anandamide : An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine.	2.73	3	0	endocannabinoid; N-acylethanolamine 20:4	human blood serum metabolite; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
cerulenin Cerulenin: An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including ACREMONIUM, Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.. cerulenin : An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including Acremonium, Acrocylindrum and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.	2.41	2	0	epoxide; monocarboxylic acid amide	antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor
sf 837 midecamycin: minor descriptor (75-80); on-line search LEUCOMYCINS (75-80); Index Medicus search ANTIBIOTICS (75-80); macrolide antibiotic	3.38	1	1	organic molecular entity
pecilocin pecilocin: fungicidal antibiotic produced by Paecilomyces varioti Bainier var. antibioticus; structure	1.96	1	0	N-acylpyrrolidine
tranilast tranilast: antiallergic drug; potent inhibitor of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. tranilast : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group.	2.04	1	0	amidobenzoic acid; cinnamamides; dimethoxybenzene; secondary carboxamide	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; antineoplastic agent; aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; calcium channel blocker; hepatoprotective agent; nephroprotective agent
7432 s Ceftibuten: A cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.. ceftibuten : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-4-carboxybut-2-enoyl]amino substituent at the 7 position of the cephem skeleton. An orally-administered agent, ceftibuten is used as the dihydrate to treat urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.	3.56	2	0	cephalosporin; dicarboxylic acid	antibacterial drug
4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid: A non-penetrating amino reagent (commonly called SITS) which acts as an inhibitor of anion transport in erythrocytes and other cells.	3.35	7	0	stilbenoid
4,4'-dinitro-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid 4,4'-dinitro-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.69	3	0	4,4'-dinitrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid
glyceryl 2-arachidonate glyceryl 2-arachidonate: binds to cannabinoid receptors; structure in first source. 2-arachidonoylglycerol : An endocannabinoid and an endogenous agonist of the cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2). It is an ester formed from omega-6-arachidonic acid and glycerol.	2.04	1	0	2-acylglycerol 20:4; endocannabinoid	human metabolite
etretinate retinoid : Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof.	2.39	2	0	enoate ester; ethyl ester; retinoid	keratolytic drug
isotretinoin Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.	5.46	4	1	retinoic acid	antineoplastic agent; keratolytic drug; teratogenic agent
misoprostol Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.	2.02	1	0
epoprostenol [no description available]	3.56	2	0	prostaglandins I	mouse metabolite
indocyanine green [no description available]	3.58	2	0	1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate; benzoindole; cyanine dye
triprolidine Triprolidine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic rhinitis; ASTHMA; and URTICARIA. It is a component of COUGH and COLD medicines. It may cause drowsiness.. triprolidine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is acrivastine in which the pyridine ring is lacking the propenoic acid substituent. It is a sedating antihistamine that is used (generally as the monohydrochloride monohydrate) for the relief of the symptoms of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.	3.23	1	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine; olefinic compound; pyridines	H1-receptor antagonist
pitavastatin pitavastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.	3.6	2	0	cyclopropanes; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; quinolines; statin (synthetic)	antioxidant
ethamolin monoethanolamine oleate: used for treatment of pyogenic granuloma	3.23	1	0	long-chain fatty acid
betamethasone benzoate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
alatrofloxacin mesylate [no description available]	3.23	1	0
thromboxane b2 Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15.	1.96	1	0	thromboxanes B	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
codeine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antitussive; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; opioid analgesic; opioid receptor agonist; prodrug; xenobiotic
cyclosporine ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF	4.08	4	0	homodetic cyclic peptide	anti-asthmatic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antirheumatic drug; carcinogenic agent; dermatologic drug; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite
phenylephrine hydrochloride Nose: A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.. phenylephrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of phenylephrine.	2.87	4	0	hydrochloride
rutin sulfate rutin sulfate: RN refers to Na salt	4.34	2	2
acitretin Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.. acitretin : A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9.	3.59	2	0	acitretin; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; retinoid	keratolytic drug
dorzolamide dorzolamide: topically effective ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; RN refers to mono-HCl (4S-trans)-isomer. dorzolamide : 5,6-Dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide 7,7-dioxide in which hydrogens at the 4 and 6 positions are substituted by ethylamino and methyl groups, respectively (4S, trans-configuration). A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it is used as the hydrochloride in ophthalmic solutions to lower increased intraocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.	2.02	1	0	sulfonamide; thiophenes	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
estropipate estropipate: used therapeutically in menopausal patients	3.23	1	0	piperazinium salt; steroid sulfate
granisetron Granisetron: A serotonin receptor (5HT-3 selective) antagonist that has been used as an antiemetic for cancer chemotherapy patients.. granisetron : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-methyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid with the primary amino group of (3-endo)-9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-amine. A selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, it is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to manage nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and to prevent and treat postoperative nausea and vomiting.	2.08	1	0	aromatic amide; indazoles
hydromorphone Hydromorphone: An opioid analgesic made from MORPHINE and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine.. hydromorphone : A morphinane alkaloid that is a hydrogenated ketone derivative of morphine. A semi-synthetic drug, it is a centrally acting pain medication of the opioid class.	3.56	2	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
hydroxystilbamidine hydroxystilbamidine: minor descriptor (63-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search STILBAMIDINES (66-86); RN given refers to parent cpd	3.45	2	0
levetiracetam Levetiracetam: A pyrrolidinone and acetamide derivative that is used primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES and some movement disorders, and as a nootropic agent.. levetiracetam : A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.	3.23	1	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones	anticonvulsant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ly 163892 loracarbef: 1-carbacephem antibiotic; has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity; structure given in first source; carbacephems differ from cephalosporins in the substitution of a sulfur atom in the dihydrothiazine ring with a methylene group to form a tetrahydropyridine ring. loracarbef : A synthetic "carba" analogue of cefaclor, with carbon replacing sulfur at position 1. Used to treat a wide range of infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.	3.56	2	0	carbacephem; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
nabilone nabilone: cannabinol deriv; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	3.23	1	0
nalmefene nalmefene: RN given refers to 5-alpha isomer	2.02	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
naloxone Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.	3.23	1	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist
oxycodone Oxycodone: A semisynthetic derivative of CODEINE.. oxycodone : A semisynthetic opioid of formula C18H21NO4 that is derived from thebaine. It is a moderately potent opioid analgesic, generally used for relief of moderate to severe pain.	3.23	1	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound; semisynthetic derivative	antitussive; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
oxymorphone Oxymorphone: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)	3.23	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
vitamin k 1 Vitamin K 1: A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.. phylloquinone : A member of the class of phylloquinones that consists of 1,4-naphthoquinone having methyl and phytyl groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively. The parent of the class of phylloquinones.	3.23	1	0	phylloquinones; vitamin K	cofactor; human metabolite; plant metabolite
sirolimus Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.	3.53	2	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol	antibacterial drug; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor
topiramate Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.. topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine.	3.56	2	0	cyclic ketal; ketohexose derivative; sulfamate ester	anticonvulsant; sodium channel blocker
trospium chloride trospium chloride : An organic chloride salt of trospium. It is an antispasmodic drug used for the treatment of overactive bladder.	3.23	1	0
brefeldin a [no description available]	3.11	5	0	macrolide antibiotic	Penicillium metabolite
alvocidib alvocidib: structure given in first source. alvocidib : A synthetic dihydroxyflavone that is 5,7-dihydroxyflavone which is substituted by a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group at position 8 and by a chlorine at the 2' position (the (-)-3S,4R stereoisomer). A cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor, it has been studied for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, arthritis and atherosclerotic plaque formation.	2.05	1	0	dihydroxyflavone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
calcipotriene [no description available]	2.02	1	0	cyclopropanes; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; triol	antipsoriatic; drug allergen
morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.	3.23	1	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
benzphetamine Benzphetamine: A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It is used in the treatment of obesity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1222). benzphetamine : Dextroamphetamine in which the the hydrogens attached to the amino group are substituted by a methyl and a benzyl group. A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to dextroamphetamine, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the treatment of obesity.	3.59	2	0	amphetamines; tertiary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; appetite depressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; sympathomimetic agent
clobetasol Clobetasol: A derivative of PREDNISOLONE with high glucocorticoid activity and low mineralocorticoid activity. Absorbed through the skin faster than FLUOCINONIDE, it is used topically in treatment of PSORIASIS but may cause marked adrenocortical suppression.. clobetasol : A 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid that is 16beta-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione bearing hydroxy groups at the 11beta and 17alpha positions, fluorine at position 9, and a chlorine substituent at position 21. It is used as its 17alpha-propionate ester to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.	5.74	11	2	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; SMO receptor agonist
deamino arginine vasopressin Deamino Arginine Vasopressin: A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VASOPRESSIN receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating FACTOR VIII and VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.	3.56	2	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide	diagnostic agent; renal agent; vasopressin receptor agonist
dexmedetomidine [no description available]	3.23	1	0	medetomidine	alpha-adrenergic agonist; analgesic; non-narcotic analgesic; sedative
fluticasone Fluticasone: A STEROID with GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR activity that is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA; ALLERGIC RHINITIS, and ATOPIC DERMATITIS.. fluticasone : A trifluorinated corticosteroid used in the form of its propionate ester for treatment of allergic rhinitis.	2.02	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; thioester	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug
goserelin Goserelin: A synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. Goserelin is used in treatments of malignant NEOPLASMS of the prostate, uterine fibromas, and metastatic breast cancer.	3.23	1	0	organic molecular entity
halobetasol halobetasol: used in ointment to treat psoriasis; Ulobetasol cream contains 0.05% 6-fluoroclobetasol 17-propionate	2.02	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
latanoprost Latanoprost: A prostaglandin F analog used to treat OCULAR HYPERTENSION in patients with GLAUCOMA.. latanoprost : A prostaglandin Falpha that is the isopropyl ester prodrug of latanoprost free acid. Used in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.	2.02	1	0	isopropyl ester; prostaglandins Falpha; triol	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor; prodrug
lysophosphatidylcholines lysophosphatidylcholine : An acylglycerophosphocholine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylcholine, which removes one of the fatty acyl groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R1 = acyl, R2 = H or where R1 = H, R2 = acyl.	2.05	1	0	1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
nalbuphine Nalbuphine: A narcotic used as a pain medication. It appears to be an agonist at KAPPA RECEPTORS and an antagonist or partial agonist at MU RECEPTORS.	3.56	2	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound	mu-opioid receptor antagonist; opioid analgesic
nateglinide Nateglinide: A phenylalanine and cyclohexane derivative that acts as a hypoglycemic agent by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. It is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES.. nateglinide : An N-acyl-D-phenylalanine resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of D-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid. An orally-administered, rapidly-absorbed, short-acting insulinotropic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	3.23	1	0	phenylalanine derivative
calyculin a calyculin A: RN given refers to (5S-(5alpha(2R(1S,3S,4S,5R,6R,7E,9E,11E,13Z),3R),7beta(E(S)),*beta,9alpha))-isomer	2.4	2	0
rimexolone [no description available]	2.02	1	0	20-oxo steroid
seglitide seglitide: more potent than somatostatin for inhibition of insulin, glucagon & growth hormone release; used experimentally in treatment of Alzheimer's disease; somatostatin receptor antagonist	2.04	1	0
vinorelbine [no description available]	3.56	2	0	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; ring assembly; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
silodosin silodosin: an alpha(1a)-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist; structure given in first source	3.23	1	0	indolecarboxamide
1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z,Z)-isomer. dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl.	2.71	3	0	phosphatidylcholine(1+)
centaureidin centaureidin: structure given in first source; isolated from Tanacetum microphyllum, Brickellia veronicaefolia. centaureidin : A trihydroxyflavone that consists of quercetagetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3, 6 and 4' have been replaced by methoxy groups. It has been isolated from Eremophila mitchellii and Athroisma proteiforme.	2	1	0	trihydroxyflavone; trimethoxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; plant metabolite
3,5-dimethoxy-trans-stilbene 3,5-dimethoxystilbene: structure in first source	2	1	0	stilbenoid
lupiwighteone lupiwighteone: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source	3.51	1	0	isoflavones
licochalcone a licochalcone A: has both anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities; structure given in first source; isolated from root of Glycyrrhiza inflata; RN given refers to (E)-isomer	2.06	1	0	chalcones
piperlonguminine piperlonguminine: from Piper longum; structure in first source	2.03	1	0	benzodioxoles
caryophyllene caryophyllene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source	2.01	1	0
fluvoxamine Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.	3.85	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; 5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
su 11248 [no description available]	3.59	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrroles	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; neuroprotective agent; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
stilbamidine stilbamidine: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.93	1	0
lead Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.	1.93	1	0	carbon group element atom; elemental lead; metal atom	neurotoxin
tin [no description available]	1.94	1	0	carbon group element atom; elemental tin; metal atom	micronutrient
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is N-isopropylindole which is substituted at position 3 by a p-fluorophenyl group and at position 2 by a 6-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxyhex-1-en-1-yl group. It has four possible diastereoisomers.	3.85	3	0	dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; indoles; organofluorine compound
oxiconazole oxiconazole: RN given refers to parent cpd(Z)-isomer; structure given in first source. oxiconazole : An oxime O-ether that is the 2,4-dichlorobenzyl ether of the oxime obtained by formal condensation of hydroxylamine with the carbonyl group of acetopnenone in which the phenyl group is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 4, and in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a 1H-imidazol-1-yl group. An antifungal agent, it is used (generally as the nitrate salt) in creams and powders for the topical treatment of fungal skin infections.	2.02	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; dichlorobenzene; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; oxime O-ether	antiinfective agent
15-hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic acid 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid: A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110)	2.05	1	0
antimony Antimony: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Sb, atomic number 51, and atomic weight 121.75. It is used as a metal alloy and as medicinal and poisonous salts. It is toxic and an irritant to the skin and the mucous membranes.	1.95	1	0	metalloid atom; pnictogen
cesium Cesium: A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency.	3.35	7	0	alkali metal atom
barium Barium: An element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous.	3.92	13	0	alkaline earth metal atom; elemental barium
rubidium Rubidium: An element that is an alkali metal. It has an atomic symbol Rb, atomic number 37, and atomic weight 85.47. It is used as a chemical reagent and in the manufacture of photoelectric cells.	3.92	13	0	alkali metal atom
aluminum Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98.	1.94	1	0	boron group element atom; elemental aluminium; metal atom
levorphanol Levorphanol: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.	3.23	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
bismuth Bismuth: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Bi, and atomic number 83. Its principal isotope is Bismuth 209.	3.77	3	0	metal atom; pnictogen
thallium Thallium: A heavy, bluish white metal, atomic number 81, atomic weight [204.382; 204.385], symbol Tl.. thallium : A metallic element first identified and named from the brilliant green line in its flame spectrum (from Greek thetaalphalambdalambdaomicronsigma, a green shoot).	2.35	2	0	boron group element atom
triethyltin [no description available]	1.99	1	0
arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	7.74	20	3	metalloid atom; pnictogen	micronutrient
naltrexone Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence.	4.23	5	0	cyclopropanes; morphinane-like compound; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; environmental contaminant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
dextromethorphan Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.	4.06	4	0	6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene	antitussive; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; oneirogen; prodrug; xenobiotic
butorphanol Butorphanol: A synthetic morphinan analgesic with narcotic antagonist action. It is used in the management of severe pain.. butorphanol : Levorphanol in which a hydrogen at position 14 of the morphinan skeleton is substituted by hydroxy and one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl. A semi-synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic, it is used as its (S,S)-tartaric acid salt for relief or moderate to severe pain.	3.56	2	0	morphinane alkaloid	antitussive; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
cefixime [no description available]	3.56	2	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
lisinopril Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	4.07	4	0	dipeptide	EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
benazepril benazepril: structure given in first source. benazepril : A benzazepine that is benazeprilat in which the carboxy group of the 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid moiety has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester. It is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a prodrug for the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazeprilat in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.	3.56	2	0	benzazepine; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; lactam	EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
ramipril Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.	3.56	2	0	azabicycloalkane; cyclopentapyrrole; dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester	bradykinin receptor B2 agonist; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; prodrug
verteporfin (2R,2(1)S)-8-ethenyl-2(1),2(2)-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-17-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13-propanoic acid : The 2(1),2(2),17-trimethyl ester of (2R,2(1)S)-2(1),2(2)-dicarboxy-8-ethenyl-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13,17-dipropanoic acid.	3.23	1	0
indinavir sulfate Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.	4.25	5	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; piperazinecarboxamide	HIV protease inhibitor
sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.	1.94	1	0	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	macronutrient
zimeldine Zimeldine: One of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS formerly used for depression but was withdrawn worldwide in September 1983 because of the risk of GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME associated with its use. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p385)	3.59	2	0	styrenes
piperovatine piperovatine: isolated from Ottonia frutescens; RN given refers to (E,E)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
diphenylhexatriene Diphenylhexatriene: A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids.	1.98	1	0	alkatriene	fluorochrome
luffariellolide luffariellolide: structure given in first source; a partially reversible phospholipase A2 inhibitor; a major metabolite of the sponge Luffariella; do not confuse with luffolide, a minor metabolite of the same species	2.02	1	0	diterpene lactone
enalapril Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).	4.08	4	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; geroprotector; prodrug
nitrofurazone Nitrofurazone: A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial WOUNDS AND INJURIES and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of TRYPANOSOMIASIS.. nitrofurazone : A semicarbazone resulting from the formal condensation of semicarbazide with 5-nitrofuraldehyde. A broad spectrum antibacterial drug, although with little activity against Pseudomonas species, it is used as a local application for burns, ulcers, wounds and skin infections.	1.94	1	0
trientine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.23	1	0
cytochalasin d [no description available]	2.05	1	0
n-methylscopolamine bromide scopolamine methobromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of scopolamine with methyl bromide.	3.23	1	0
dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).	1.99	1	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; phosphatidylcholine 28:0; tetradecanoate ester	antigen; mouse metabolite
bleomycin [no description available]	3.23	1	0	bleomycin	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.	3.06	5	0	cysteinium	fundamental metabolite
phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	2.66	3	0	monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen	macronutrient
boron Boron: A trace element with the atomic symbol B, atomic number 5, and atomic weight [10.806; 10.821]. Boron-10, an isotope of boron, is used as a neutron absorber in BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY.	1.96	1	0	boron group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom	micronutrient
enalaprilat anhydrous Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate.	3.23	1	0	dicarboxylic acid; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
dichapetalin a dichapetalin A: isolated from Dichapetalum; structure in first source	2.1	1	0
sulindac sulfone sulindac sulfone: inhibits K-ras-dependent cyclooxygenase-2; sulfated analog of indomethacin;; CP248 is an antineoplastic agent that fosters microtubule depolymerization; structure in first source. sulindac sulfone : A sulfone metabolite of sulindac that inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase inhibition. It inhibits the development and induces regression of premalignant adenomatous polyps. Lipoxygenase and Cox-2 inhibitor.	2.04	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound; sulfone	apoptosis inducer; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
ximelagatran ximelagatran: prodrug (via hydroxylation) of melagatran & a direct thrombin inhibitor; liver toxicity concerns so AZD0837 being developed to replace this. ximelagatran : A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage.	3.59	2	0	amidoxime; azetidines; carboxamide; ethyl ester; hydroxylamines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; tertiary carboxamide	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; prodrug; serine protease inhibitor
cefuroxime [no description available]	3.56	2	0	3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin; furans; oxime O-ether	drug allergen
ceftriaxone [no description available]	3.56	2	0	1,2,4-triazines; 1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
cefepime Cefepime: A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including those of the abdomen, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and skin. It is effective against PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA and may also be used in the empiric treatment of FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA.. cefepime : A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	3.84	3	0	cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug
pafuramidine pafuramidine: a prodrug of furamidine	3.59	2	0
ceftazidime [no description available]	3.56	2	0	cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
trandolapril trandolapril : A heterobicylic compound that is (2S,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a (2R)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group. It is a angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug used for the treatment of hypertension.	3.56	2	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
enkephalin, ala(2)-mephe(4)-gly(5)- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-: An enkephalin analog that selectively binds to the MU OPIOID RECEPTOR. It is used as a model for drug permeability experiments.	2.4	2	0
3,3'-dipropyl-2,2'-thiadicarbocyanine 3,3'-dipropyl-2,2'-thiadicarbocyanine: potent inhibitor of endogenous respiration of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells; RN given refers to iodide; RN for parent cpd not in Chemline 10/24/83; structure	1.96	1	0
naltrindole benzofuran naltrindole benzofuran: structure given in first source	2.02	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
pregabalin Pregabalin: A gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) derivative that functions as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and is used as an ANTICONVULSANT as well as an ANTI-ANXIETY AGENT. It is also used as an ANALGESIC in the treatment of NEUROPATHIC PAIN and FIBROMYALGIA.. pregabalin : A gamma-amino acid that is gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) carrying an isobutyl substitutent at the beta-position (the S-enantiomer). Binds with high affinity to the alpha2-delta site (an auxiliary subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels) in central nervous system tissues.	3.23	1	0	gamma-amino acid	anticonvulsant; calcium channel blocker
alvimopan anhydrous alvimopan: mu opioid receptor antagonist; intended to treat constipation in patients taking opiates for pain	3.23	1	0	peptide
aliskiren aliskiren: orally active nonpeptidic renin inhibitor. aliskiren : A monomethoxybenzene compound having a 3-methoxypropoxy group at the 2-position and a multi-substituted branched alkyl substituent at the 4-position.	3.23	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; monomethoxybenzene	antihypertensive agent
naltrindole naltrindole: delta opioid receptor antagonist	2.02	1	0	isoquinolines
guanabenz Guanabenz: An alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist used as an antihypertensive agent.	2.39	2	0	dichlorobenzene
famotidine [no description available]	3.85	3	0	1,3-thiazoles; guanidines; sulfonamide	anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
abscisic acid Abscisic Acid: Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.. (S)-2-trans-abscisic acid : A 2-trans-abscisic acid with (S)-configuration at the chiral centre.. (+)-abscisic acid : The naturally occurring (1'S)-(+) enantiomer of abscisic acid. It is an important sesquiterpenoid plant hormone which acts as a regulator of plant responses to environmental stresses such as drought and cold.	2.01	1	0	2-trans-abscisic acid
carbocyanines Carbocyanines: Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials.	2.67	3	0	cyanine dye; organic iodide salt	fluorochrome
mimulone mimulone: structure in first source	2.04	1	0
cefotaxime Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.	6.31	11	1	1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
aztreonam [no description available]	3.56	2	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; monobactam	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
2,4,2'-trihydroxychalcone 2,4,2'-trihydroxychalcone: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
ammonium sulfate Ammonium Sulfate: Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.. ammonium sulfate : An inorganic sulfate salt obtained by reaction of sulfuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia. A high-melting (decomposes above 280degreeC) white solid which is very soluble in water (70.6 g/100 g water at 0degreeC; 103.8 g/100 g water at 100degreeC), it is widely used as a fertilizer for alkaline soils.	2.66	3	0	ammonium salt; inorganic sulfate salt	fertilizer
4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid: An inhibitor of anion conductance including band 3-mediated anion transport.	4.01	14	0
cci 15641 [no description available]	2.02	1	0	cephalosporin
rifamycin sv rifamycin SV: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #8009. rifamycin SV : A member of the class of rifamycins that exhibits antibiotic and antitubercular properties.	2.46	2	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketal; lactam; macrocycle; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol; rifamycins	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; bacterial metabolite
tetrodotoxin Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.. tetrodotoxin : A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels.	3.09	5	0	azatetracycloalkane; oxatetracycloalkane; quinazoline alkaloid	animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; marine metabolite; neurotoxin; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.	3.04	1	0	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	micronutrient
cefpodoxime [no description available]	3.56	2	0	carboxylic acid; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
palonosetron Palonosetron: Isoquinoline and quinuclidine derivative that acts as a 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used in the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy, and for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting.. palonosetron : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is an antiemetic used (as its hydrochloride salt) in combination with netupitant (under the trade name Akynzeo) to treat nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy.	3.61	2	0	azabicycloalkane; delta-lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound	antiemetic; serotonergic antagonist
antimycin a Antimycin A: An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). antimycin A : A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison.	3.47	8	0	amidobenzoic acid
cholestanol Cholestanol: A cholesterol derivative found in human feces, gallstones, eggs, and other biological matter.	1.94	1	0	cholestanoid
filipin [no description available]	2.42	2	0	macrolide; olefinic compound; polyol	bacterial metabolite; fluorescent probe
simethicone Simethicone: A poly(dimethylsiloxane) which is a polymer of 200-350 units of dimethylsiloxane, along with added silica gel. It is used as an antiflatulent, surfactant, and ointment base.	5.01	5	2
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer	3.63	9	0
rifaximin [no description available]	3.23	1	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketal; lactam; macrocycle; organic heterohexacyclic compound; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative	antimicrobial agent; gastrointestinal drug; orphan drug
bafilomycin a1 bafilomycin A1: from Streptomyces griseus; structure given in first source. bafilomycin A1 : The most used of the bafilomycins, a family of toxic macrolide antibiotics derived from Streptomyces griseus.	2.75	3	0	cyclic hemiketal; macrolide antibiotic; oxanes	apoptosis inducer; autophagy inhibitor; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.14 (H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; fungicide; potassium ionophore; toxin
dehydroergosterol dehydroergosterol : A phytosterol consiting of ergostane having double bonds at the 5,6-, 7,8- 9,11- and 22,23-positions as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group.	2.02	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; ergostanoid; phytosterols	biomarker; metabolite
1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol [no description available]	1.96	1	0	1,2-diglyceride
1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(trimethylammonium)propane 1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(trimethylammonium)propane: fluorescent probe for phospholipids; RN & structure given in first source	2.43	2	0
dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine: chemical name in article is incorrect - phosphatidylethandamine instead of phosphatidylethanolamine. dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine : A phosphatidylethanolamine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl.	2.31	1	0	phosphatidylethanolamine
concanamycin a concanamycin A: from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes S-45; inhibits vacuolar H+ ATPase. concanamycin A : A concanamycin in which the lactone ring contains 4 double bonds and is substituted by 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxy groups, 2 methoxy groups and an ethyl group.	2.03	1	0	carbamate ester; concanamycin	antifungal agent; EC 3.6.3.14 (H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) inhibitor; metabolite
rh 421 RH 421: structure given in first source	2.11	1	0
thermozymocidin thermozymocidin: a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor; FTY720 is an analog	2.06	1	0	alpha-amino fatty acid; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sphingoid	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
vacidin a vacidin A: structure given in first source	2.38	2	0
oudemansin oudemansin: strong antifungal properties & inhibits respiration in fungi, cells of ascitic form of EHRLICH carcinoma & rat liver mitochondria; structure; biological activity depends on methoxyacrylate moiety	2.01	1	0	styrenes
mycoheptin mycoheptin: Russian drug; from Streptoverticillium mycoheptinicum	3.35	7	0
rimocidin rimocidin: structure	2.36	2	0	macrolide
everolimus [no description available]	3.23	1	0	cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor
ixabepilone [no description available]	3.23	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; beta-hydroxy ketone; epoxide; lactam; macrocycle	antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent
amphoglucamine [no description available]	3.21	6	0
cdw17 antigen [no description available]	2.01	1	0
dirithromycin [no description available]	2.02	1	0	macrolide antibiotic	prodrug
beta-escin Escin: Pentacyclic triterpene saponins, biosynthesized from protoaescigenin and barringtogenol, occurring in the seeds of AESCULUS. It inhibits edema formation and decreases vascular fragility.	2.44	2	0	triterpenoid saponin
azlocillin Azlocillin: A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.. azlocillin : A semisynthetic penicillin having a 6beta-{(2R)-2-[(2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl}amino side-group. It is an antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae.	1.98	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
fusaproliferin fusaproliferin: isolated from Fusarium proliferatum; structure in first source	2	1	0
verlukast verlukast: LTD4 receptor antagonist	2.07	1	0
cefpodoxime proxetil cefpodoxime proxetil: structure given in first source; prodrug for cefpodoxime. cefpodoxime proxetil : The 1-[(isopropoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl (proxetil) ester prodrug of cefpodoxime. After swallowing, hydrolysis of the ester group occurs in the intestinal epithelium, to release active cefpodoxime in the bloodstream. It is used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, and sinusitis.	2.02	1	0	carboxylic acid; carboxylic ester; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; prodrug
ceftizoxime [no description available]	3.56	2	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
1-methyl-d-lysergic acid butanolamide [no description available]	3.59	2	0	ergot alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide	serotonergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
beta-escin [no description available]	3.33	7	0
nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.	4.69	9	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent
am 404 [no description available]	2.04	1	0	anilide
ergoline Ergolines: A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure.. ergoline : An indole alkaloid whose structural skeleton is found in many naturally occurring and synthetic ergolines which are known to bind to neurotransmitter receptors, such as dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin receptors and function as unselective agonists or antagonists at these receptors.	1.98	1	0	diamine; ergoline alkaloid; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound
furagin Furagin: Nitrofuran derivative anti-infective agent used for urinary tract infections.. furagin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)prop-2-en-1-ylidene]amino group (the configuration of the C=C and C=N bonds in the grouping that links the two heterocycles is not specified). A nitrofuran antibiotic with properties similar to nitrofurantoin, furagin is used in the treatment of urinary tract infections.	1.96	1	0
sq-23377 Ionomycin: A divalent calcium ionophore that is widely used as a tool to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes.. ionomycin : A very long-chain fatty acid that is docosa-10,16-dienoic acid which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18 and 20, by hydroxy groups at positions 11, 19 and 21, and by a (2',5-dimethyloctahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl)ethanol group at position 21. An ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus, it is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes.	2.68	3	0	cyclic ether; enol; polyunsaturated fatty acid; very long-chain fatty acid	calcium ionophore; metabolite
dantrolene [no description available]	3.85	3	0
cefdinir [no description available]	3.23	1	0	cephalosporin; ketoxime	antibacterial drug
etonogestrel [no description available]	3.23	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	contraceptive drug; female contraceptive drug; progestin
temsirolimus [no description available]	3.23	1	0	macrolide lactam
dutasteride Dutasteride: A 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR that is reported to inhibit both type-1 and type2 isoforms of the enzyme and is used to treat BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. dutasteride : An aza-steroid that is inasteride in which the tert-butyl group is replaced by a 2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group. A synthetic 4-azasteroid, dutasteride is a selective inhibitor of both the type 1 and type 2 isoforms of steroid 5alpha-reductase, an intracellular enzyme that converts testosterone to 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone. Dutasteride is used for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia in men with an enlarged prostate gland.	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aza-steroid; delta-lactam	antihyperplasia drug; EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
isavuconazole isavuconazole : A 1,3-thiazole that is butan-2-ol which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 3 by 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, 2,5-difluorophenyl, and 4-(p-cyanophenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl groups, respectively. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis and invasive mucormycosis.	3.31	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; nitrile; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor; orphan drug
lu 208075 ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertension	3.59	2	0	diarylmethane
bibx 1382bs BIBX 1382BS: an ErbB receptor kinase inhibitor; no further information available 4/2001	3.59	2	0	substituted aniline
fesoterodine fesoterodine: a muscarinic antagonist for treatment of overactive bladder	3.23	1	0	diarylmethane
staurosporine staurosporinium : Conjugate acid of staurosporine.	2.39	2	0	ammonium ion derivative
chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge.	9.76	48	6	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent
mannich bases Mannich Bases: Ketonic amines prepared from the condensation of a ketone with formaldehyde and ammonia or a primary or secondary amine. A Mannich base can act as the equivalent of an alpha,beta unsaturated ketone in synthesis or can be reduced to form physiologically active amino alcohols.	2.05	1	0
gemifloxacin Gemifloxacin: A naphthyridine and fluoroquinolone derivative antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial infections associated with chronic bronchitis.. gemifloxacin : A 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a substituted pyrrolin-1-yl group at the 7-position.	3.23	1	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; topoisomerase IV inhibitor
dexlansoprazole Dexlansoprazole: The R-isomer of lansoprazole that is used to treat severe GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.	3.23	1	0	benzimidazoles; sulfoxide
fosinopril [no description available]	3.56	2	0
armodafinil armodafinil : A 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide that has R configuration at the sulfur atom. Like its racemate, modafinil, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. Peak concentration in the blood later occurs later following administration than with modafinil, so it is thought that armodafinil may be more effective than modafinil in treating people with excessive daytime sleepiness.	3.23	1	0	2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide	central nervous system stimulant; eugeroic
ebericol ebericol: RN given refers to the unlabeled compound. eburicol : A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is 24,25-dihydrolanosterol carrying an additional methylene substituent at position 24. A natural product found in Taiwanofungus camphoratus.	1.95	1	0	14alpha-methyl steroid; 3beta-sterol; tetracyclic triterpenoid	fungal metabolite
midostaurin midostaurin : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is the N-benzoyl derivative of staurosporine.	1.99	1	0	benzamides; gamma-lactam; indolocarbazole; organic heterooctacyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
sincalide Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.	3.6	2	0	oligopeptide
tapentadol Tapentadol: An opioid analgesic, MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, and of pain associated with DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES.	3.23	1	0	alkylbenzene
gambogic acid gambogic acid: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,1(Z),3abeta,5alpha,11beta,14aS*))-isomer	3.31	1	0	pyranoxanthones	metabolite
pentagastrin Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.	3.23	1	0	organic molecular entity
gentamicin sulfate [no description available]	3.13	5	0
mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).	3.8	2	1	aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent
cefditoren cefditoren: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (6R-(3(Z),6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefditoren : A broad spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with (Z)-2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethenyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. Generally administered as its orally absorbed pivaloyloxymethyl ester prodrug, it is used for the treatment of mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms in acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, and uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections.	3.23	1	0	carboxylic acid; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
gentamicin sulfate [no description available]	4.91	34	0
ly 295337 LY 295337: a cyclic depsipeptide antifungal antibiotic produced by Aureobasidium pullulans	2.05	1	0
rhodamine 123 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organic chloride salt; xanthene dye	fluorochrome
g(m1) ganglioside G(M1) Ganglioside: A specific monosialoganglioside that accumulates abnormally within the nervous system due to a deficiency of GM1-b-galactosidase, resulting in GM1 gangliosidosis.. ganglioside GM1 : A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched pentasaccharide made up from one sialyl residue, two galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to N-stearoylsphingosine via a beta-linkage.	3.27	6	0	alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine; sialotetraosylceramide
a25822b A25822B: RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha)-isomer; structure	1.98	1	0
candicidin Candicidin: Mixture of antifungal heptaene macrolides from Streptomyces griseus or Actinomyces levoris used topically in candidiasis. The antibiotic complex is composed of candicidins A, B, C, and D, of which D is the major component.. candicidin D : A 38-membered ring lactone containing seven (E)-double bonds between positions 22 and 35 and substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11, 13, 17 and 19, oxo groups at positions 3, 7 and 15, a carboxy group at position 18, a 3-amino-3,6-dideoxymannopyranosyloxy group at position 21, a methyl group at position 36 and a 7-(4-aminophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-methyl-7-oxoheptan-2-yl group at position 37. It is the major component of candicidin, a mixture of antifungal heptaene macrolides obtained from a strain of Streptomyces griseus.. candicidin : A mixture of the antifungal heptaene macrolides obtained from a strain of Streptomyces griseus. It is composed of candicidins A, B, C and D, with candicidin D being the major component. Candicidin is active against some fungi of the genus Candida, and has been used in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis.	6.26	48	0	macrolide antibiotic; polyene antibiotic	antifungal drug; bacterial metabolite
pazopanib pazopanib: a protein kinase inhibitor. pazopanib : A pyrimidine that is 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl}amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide substituted at position 4 by a (2,3-dimethylindazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of kidney cancer.	3.59	2	0	aminopyrimidine; indazoles; sulfonamide	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
prasugrel hydrochloride Prasugrel Hydrochloride: A piperazine derivative and PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITOR that is used to prevent THROMBOSIS in patients with ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; UNSTABLE ANGINA and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, as well as in those undergoing PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS.. prasugrel hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-prasugrel hydrochloride. Used to prevent blood clots in people with acute coronary syndrome who are undergoing a procedure after a recent heart attack or stroke, and in people with certain disorders of the heart or blood vessels.	3.23	1	0
dicerandrol a dicerandrol A: antibiotic and cytotoxic dimer produced by the fungus Phomopsis longicolla isolated from an endangered mint Dicerandra frutescens (Labiatae); structure in first source. dicerandrol A : A biaryl that is 5,5',7,7',9,9',10a,10a'-octahydro-6H,6'H-2,2'-bixanthene substituted by acetoxy groups at C-5 and C-5', hydroxy groups at C-1, C-1', C-8 and C-8', hydroxymethyl groups at C-10a and C-10a', methyl groups at C-6 and C-6' and oxo groups at C-9 and C-9' respectively. A dimeric tetrahydroxanthone derivative isolated from Phomopsis longicolla, it exhibits antibacterial and cytotoxic activities.	2	1	0
alpha-synuclein alpha-Synuclein: A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES and plays a role in SYNUCLEINOPATHIES, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.	2.02	1	0
ko 143 [no description available]	2.46	2	0	beta-carbolines; tert-butyl ester
amphotericin a [no description available]	2.89	4	0
boronolide boronolide: structure in first source	1.98	1	0
baci-im [no description available]	3.84	3	0	homodetic cyclic peptide; polypeptide; zwitterion	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent
ucn 1028 c calphostin C: structure given in first source; isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides	1.99	1	0
acebutolol alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-mannose : An alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha configuration.	2.35	2	0	alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose
polymyxin b(1) [no description available]	2.41	1	0
brimonidine tartrate Brimonidine Tartrate: A quinoxaline derivative and ADRENERGIC ALHPA-2 RECEPTOR AGONIST that is used to manage INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE associated with OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.	1.99	1	0
bms 477118 [no description available]	3.23	1	0	adamantanes; azabicycloalkane; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile; tertiary alcohol	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
picoxystrobin picoxystrobin: a fungicide. picoxystrobin : An enoate ester that is the methyl ester of (2E)-3-methoxy-2-[2-({[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}methyl)phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid. A cereal fungicide used to control a wide range of diseases including brown rust, tan spot, powdery mildew and net blotch.	2.03	1	0	aromatic ether; enoate ester; enol ether; methoxyacrylate strobilurin antifungal agent; organofluorine compound; pyridines	antifungal agrochemical; mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor
prx 08066 [no description available]	3.31	1	0
milnacipran [no description available]	3.23	1	0	acetamides
diversonol diversonol: structure in first source	2.06	1	0	phenols; tertiary alcohol	antibacterial agent; metabolite
losartan potassium Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.	1.99	1	0
calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.	3.68	10	0	benzoxazole
dihydroouabain dihydroouabain: RN given refers to (1beta,3beta,5beta,11alpha,20xi)-isomer. dihydroouabain : A cardenolide glycoside that is ouabain in which the double bond in the lactone ring has been reduced to a single bond. It is a cardiac glycoside and a derivative of ouabain which is used as a sodium pump antagonist and exhibits ionotropic effects.	1.98	1	0
indocyanine green Indocyanine Green: A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.	3.59	1	1	1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate; benzoindole; cyanine dye
scopolamine hydrobromide [no description available]	3.23	1	0
methylamphotericin b methylamphotericin B: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.41	2	0	macrolide; methyl ester; monosaccharide derivative	antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; metabolite
pituitrin Pituitrin: A substance or extract from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR).	3.06	5	0
podophyllin Podophyllin: Caustic extract from the roots of Podophyllum peltatum and P. emodi. It contains PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and its congeners and is very irritating to mucous membranes and skin. Podophyllin is a violent purgative that may cause CNS damage and teratogenesis. It is used as a paint for warts, skin neoplasms, and senile keratoses.	1.94	1	0
hachimycin hachimycin: major descriptor (78-85); on-line search ANTIBIOTICS, ANTIFUNGAL (66-85); Index Medicus search TRICHOMYCIN (63-77); HACHIMYCIN (78-85)	3.95	14	0
phytosterols Phytosterols: A class of organic compounds known as sterols or STEROIDS derived from plants.. phytosterols : Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond.	3.48	8	0
clove Madagascar: One of the Indian Ocean Islands off the southeast coast of Africa. Its capital is Antananarivo. It was formerly called the Malagasy Republic. Discovered by the Portuguese in 1500, its history has been tied predominantly to the French, becoming a French protectorate in 1882, a French colony in 1896, and a territory within the French union in 1946. The Malagasy Republic was established in the French Community in 1958 but it achieved independence in 1960. Its name was changed to Madagascar in 1975. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p714)	2.15	1	0
acid phosphatase Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.	2.63	3	0
erythrosine Erythrosine: A tetraiodofluorescein used as a red coloring in some foods (cherries, fish), as a disclosure of DENTAL PLAQUE, and as a stain of some cell types. It has structural similarity to THYROXINE.. erythrosin B : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of 2-(2,4,5,7-tetraiodo-6-oxido-3-oxo-8a,10a-dihydroxanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid.	1.98	1	0
ants Ants: Insects of the family Formicidae, very common and widespread, probably the most successful of all the insect groups. All ants are social insects, and most colonies contain three castes, queens, males, and workers. Their habits are often very elaborate and a great many studies have been made of ant behavior. Ants produce a number of secretions that function in offense, defense, and communication. (From Borror, et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p676)	2.07	1	0
lasiodiplodin lasiodiplodin: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
cyclo(L-tryptophyl-L-alanyl) [no description available]	2.08	1	0	2,5-diketopiperazines
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	2.4	2	0	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
amodiaquine hydrochloride [no description available]	2.46	2	0
cytochrome c-t Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.	2.46	2	0
melitten Melitten: Basic polypeptide from the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). It contains 26 amino acids, has cytolytic properties, causes contracture of muscle, releases histamine, and disrupts surface tension, probably due to lysis of cell and mitochondrial membranes.	2.67	3	0
bivalirudin bivalirudin: designed to bind to the alpha-thrombin catalytic site and anion-binding exosite for fibrin(ogen) recognition. bivalirudin : A synthetic peptide of 20 amino acids, comprising D-Phe, Pro, Arg, Pro, Gly, Gly, Gly, Gly, Asn, Gly, Asp, Phe, Glu, Glu, Ile, Pro, Glu, Glu, Tyr, and Leu in sequence. A congener of hirudin (a naturally occurring drug found in the saliva of the medicinal leech), it a specific and reversible inhibitor of thrombin, and is used as an anticoagulant.	3.23	1	0	polypeptide	anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor
atrial natriuretic factor Atrial Natriuretic Factor: A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.	1.97	1	0	polypeptide
enfuvirtide Enfuvirtide: A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide that corresponds to the heptad repeat sequence of HIV-1 gp41. It blocks HIV cell fusion and viral entry and is used with other anti-retrovirals for combination therapy of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. enfuvirtide : A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide consisting of N-acetyltyrosyl, threonyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, histidyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, seryl, glutaminyl, asparaginyl, glutaminyl, glutaminyl, alpha-glutamyl, lysyl, asparaginyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, leucyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, alpha-aspartyl, lysyl, tryptophyl, alanyl, seryl, leucyl, tryptophyl, asparaginyl, tryptophyl, and phenylalaninamide residues joined in sequence. An HIV fusion inhibitor, it was the first of a novel class of antiretroviral drugs used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It interferes with entry of HIV into cells by binding to the gp41 sub-unit of the viral envelope glycoprotein, so inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes.	3.23	1	0
ganirelix [no description available]	3.23	1	0	polypeptide
mbi-226 omiganan pentahydrochloride: a cationic peptide with antibacterial activity	2.04	1	0
alamethicin Alamethicin: A cyclic nonadecapeptide antibiotic that can act as an ionophore and is produced by strains of Trichoderma viride. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)	2.66	3	0
gramicidin a Gramicidin: A group of peptide antibiotics from BACILLUS brevis. Gramicidin C or S is a cyclic, ten-amino acid polypeptide and gramicidins A, B, D are linear. Gramicidin is one of the two principal components of TYROTHRICIN.	8.9	41	5
teriparatide [no description available]	3.23	1	0	polypeptide
salmon calcitonin [no description available]	3.23	1	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone; polypeptide	bone density conservation agent; metabolite
ly-146032 [no description available]	3.23	1	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; lipopeptide antibiotic; lipopeptide; macrocycle; macrolide	antibacterial drug; bacterial metabolite; calcium-dependent antibiotics
acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ilys-prolyl-alaninamide acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ILys-prolyl-alaninamide: FE-200486 is the acetate salt	3.23	1	0	polypeptide
exenatide [no description available]	3.23	1	0
ristocetin Ristocetin: An antibiotic mixture of two components, A and B, obtained from Nocardia lurida (or the same substance produced by any other means). It is no longer used clinically because of its toxicity. It causes platelet agglutination and blood coagulation and is used to assay those functions in vitro.. ristocetin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is produced by species of Amycolatopsis and Nocardia.	4.55	8	0	glycopeptide; heterodetic cyclic peptide; macrocycle; tetrasaccharide derivative	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite; platelet-activating factor receptor agonist
cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.	2.92	4	0	glycoside
endothelin-1 Endothelin-1: A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63)	2.4	2	0
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	5.07	43	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
atractyloside Atractyloside: A glycoside of a kaurene type diterpene that is found in some plants including Atractylis gummifera (ATRACTYLIS); COFFEE; XANTHIUM, and CALLILEPIS. Toxicity is due to inhibition of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE.	1.99	1	0
(9R)-9-chloro-11,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxy-1-oxoethyl)-10,13,16-trimethyl-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one Beclomethasone: An anti-inflammatory, synthetic glucocorticoid. It is used topically as an anti-inflammatory agent and in aerosol form for the treatment of ASTHMA.. beclomethasone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is prednisolone in which the hydrogens at the 9alpha and 16beta positions are substituted by a chlorine and a methyl group, respectively.	4.95	3	3	21-hydroxy steroid
chlorophyll a Chlorophyll: Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.. chlorophyll : A family of magnesium porphyrins, defined by the presence of a fifth ring beyond the four pyrrole-like rings. The rings can have various side chains which usually include a long phytol chain.	1.93	1	0	chlorophyll; methyl ester	cofactor
thimerosal Thimerosal: An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.. thimerosal : An alkylmercury compound (approximately 49% mercury by weight) used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent.	2.37	2	0	alkylmercury compound	antifungal drug; antiseptic drug; disinfectant; drug allergen
lucifer yellow lucifer yellow: RN given refers to di-Li salt	2.03	1	0	organic lithium salt	fluorochrome
chitosan [no description available]	5.86	11	2
mesna Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.	3.56	2	0	organosulfonic acid
bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP.	3.24	6	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide
cefamandole nafate [no description available]	2.02	1	0	organic sodium salt	antibacterial drug; prodrug
sodium hypochlorite Sodium Hypochlorite: It is used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). sodium hypochlorite : An inorganic sodium salt in which hypochlorite is the counterion. It is used as a bleaching and disinfecting agent and is commonly found in household bleach.	2.08	1	0	inorganic sodium salt	bleaching agent; disinfectant
sodium lactate Sodium Lactate: The sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic acid. It is a hygroscopic agent used intravenously as a systemic and urinary alkalizer.. sodium lactate : An organic sodium salt having lactate as the counterion.	3.23	1	0	lactate salt; organic sodium salt	food acidity regulator; food preservative
sodium iothalamate [no description available]	3.23	1	0
amphotericin b, deoxycholate drug combination [no description available]	2.93	4	0
merocyanine dye merocyanine dye: fluorescent dye used for studying axons 2 position on pyrimidine ring may be S or O; RN given refers to Na salt; structure	2.03	1	0
ro13-9904 Ceftriaxone: A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic and cefotaxime derivative with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.. ceftriaxone : A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups.	1.99	1	0
l 693989 L 693989: has antipneumocystis activity; structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
chiniofon Hydroxyquinolines: The 8-hydroxy derivatives inhibit various enzymes and their halogenated derivatives, though neurotoxic, are used as topical anti-infective agents, among other uses.	3.75	2	1
thiostrepton Thiostrepton: One of the CYCLIC PEPTIDES from Streptomyces that is active against gram-positive bacteria. In veterinary medicine, it has been used in mastitis caused by gram-negative organisms and in dermatologic disorders.. thiostrepton : A heterodetic cyclic peptide, in which the cyclisation step involves a formal lactonisation between the carboxy group of a quinaldic acid-based residue and a secondary alcohol. An antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. Also acts as an antitumor agent.	4.26	4	1
hygromycin b [no description available]	2.25	1	0
s-adenosylmethionine (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine that has R-configuration.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : A zwitterionic tautomer of S-adenosyl-L-methionine arising from shift of the proton from the carboxy group to the amino group.. (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has R-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. (S)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has S-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine : A sulfonium compound that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-methionine. It is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of methionine.	3.06	5	0	organic cation; sulfonium compound	coenzyme; cofactor; human metabolite; micronutrient; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
picrotoxin Picrotoxin: A noncompetitive antagonist at GABA-A receptors and thus a convulsant. Picrotoxin blocks the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-activated chloride ionophore. Although it is most often used as a research tool, it has been used as a CNS stimulant and an antidote in poisoning by CNS depressants, especially the barbiturates.. picrotoxin : A mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of picrotoxinin and picrotin found in the climbing plant Anamirta cocculus.	2.02	1	0
candidin [no description available]	2.66	3	0
cardiovascular agents Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.	1.93	1	0
cetrorelix cetrorelix: LHRH antagonist. cetrorelix : A synthetic ten-membered oligopeptide comprising N-acetyl-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-D-alanyl, 4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl, 3-(pyridin-3-yl)-D-alanyl, L-seryl, L-tyrosyl, N(5)-carbamoyl-D-ornithyl, L-leucyl, L-arginyl, L-prolyl, and D-alaninamide residues coupled in sequence. A gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, it is used for treatment of infertility and of hormone-sensitive cancers of the prostate and breast.	3.23	1	0	oligopeptide	antineoplastic agent; GnRH antagonist
mannans [no description available]	3.46	1	1
glycolipids [no description available]	2.72	3	0
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	2.11	1	0
interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.	2.77	3	0
punicalagin punicalagin: hepatoprotective agent isolated from Terminalia catappa; structure in first source	2.25	1	0	tannin
kahalalide f kahalalide F: a cyclodepsipeptide toxin; isolated from a mollusk, Elysia rubefescens; exhibits antitumoral activity against cell lines of colon cancer and prostatic cancer; structure given in first source	2.03	1	0
colistin Colistin: Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C) which act as detergents on cell membranes. Colistin is less toxic than Polymyxin B, but otherwise similar; the methanesulfonate is used orally.. colistin : A multi-component mixture comprising mostly of colistin A (R = Me) and B (R = H), with small amounts of colistin C and other polymyxins, produced by certain strains of Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus. An antibiotic, it is used as its sulfate salt (for oral or topical use) or as the sodium salt of the N-methylsulfonic acid derivative (the injectable form) in the treatment of severe Gram-negative infections, partiularly those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	11.22	47	16
methylcellulose Methylcellulose: Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.	2.43	2	0
coronarin d coronarin D: from Hedychium coronarium; inhibits both constitutive and inducible nuclear factor-kappa B pathway activation, leading to potentiation of apoptosis, inhibition of invasion, and suppression of osteoclastogenesis; structure in first source	2.07	1	0
heme Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.	1.95	1	0
heparitin sulfate Heparitin Sulfate: A heteropolysaccharide that is similar in structure to HEPARIN. It accumulates in individuals with MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS.	2.03	1	0
tuftsin Tuftsin: N(2)-((1-(N(2)-L-Threonyl)-L-lysyl)-L-prolyl)-L-arginine. A tetrapeptide produced in the spleen by enzymatic cleavage of a leukophilic gamma-globulin. It stimulates the phagocytic activity of blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes and neutrophils in particular. The peptide is located in the Fd fragment of the gamma-globulin molecule.	3.12	5	0	peptide
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	5.57	13	0	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
raltegravir [no description available]	3.23	1	0	1,2,4-oxadiazole; dicarboxylic acid amide; hydroxypyrimidine; monofluorobenzenes; pyrimidone; secondary carboxamide	antiviral drug; HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
novobiocin Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.	5.44	12	0	carbamate ester; ether; hexoside; hydroxycoumarin; monocarboxylic acid amide; monosaccharide derivative; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.	11.7	105	6
chlortetracycline Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.	4.83	11	0
oxytetracycline, anhydrous Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.	9.22	30	4
minocycline Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.	4.87	6	0
salicylates Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.	5.15	6	2	monohydroxybenzoate	plant metabolite
piroxicam [no description available]	4.93	6	0	benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
meclan [no description available]	2.03	1	0
meclocycline [no description available]	2.02	1	0
mobic Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.	3.23	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.	4.88	10	0	benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone
6-o-palmitoylascorbic acid [no description available]	2.44	2	0	fatty acid ester
demeclocycline Demeclocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than tetracycline, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.. demeclocycline : Tetracycline which lacks the methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the hydrogen para- to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by chlorine. Like tetracycline, it is an antibiotic, but being excreted more slowly, effective blood levels are maintained for longer. It is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.	3.98	4	0
oxytetracycline hydrochloride [no description available]	3.19	5	0
tipranavir tipranavir: inhibits HIV-1 protease. tipranavir : A pyridine-2-sulfonamide substituted at C-5 by a trifluoromethyl group and at the sulfonamide nitrogen by a dihydropyrone-containing m-tolyl substituent. It is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor.	4.08	4	0	sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
antimycin [no description available]	2.07	1	0
4-hydroxycoumarin 2-hydroxychromone: structure	3.31	1	0	hydroxycoumarin
rolitetracycline Rolitetracycline: A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.. rolitetracycline : A derivative of tetracycline in which the amide function is substituted with a pyrrolidinomethyl group.	2.37	2	0
deoxyfusapyrone deoxyfusapyrone: isolated from Fusarium semitectum; structure in first source	2	1	0
tigecycline [no description available]	3.23	1	0
epidermal growth factor Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.	2.72	3	0
microcystin microcystin: microcystins have the general structure cyclo(D-Ala-L-X-D-erythro--methylisoasp-L-Y-Adda-D-isoGlu-N-methyldehydroAla) where X and Y are variable L-amino acids;. microcystin : A family of cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins produced by a number of cyanobacteria, the most notable of which is Microcystis, from which the name of the family is derived. Microcystins consist of a heptapeptide macrocycle made up of five non-protein amino acids and two protein amino acids.	1.98	1	0	peptide
kaolinite Kaolin: The most common mineral of a group of hydrated aluminum silicates, approximately H2Al2Si2O8-H2O. It is prepared for pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes by levigating with water to remove sand, etc. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) The name is derived from Kao-ling (Chinese: high ridge), the original site. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). kaolin : An aluminosilicate soft white mineral named after the hill in China (Kao-ling) from which it was mined for centuries. In its natural state kaolin is a white, soft powder consisting principally of the mineral kaolinite, and varying amounts of other minerals such as muscovite, quartz, feldspar, and anatase. It is used in the manufacture of china and porcelain and also widely used in the production of paper, rubber, paint, drying agents, and many other products.	2.68	3	0	aluminosilicate mineral; mixture	antidiarrhoeal drug; excipient
charybdotoxin [no description available]	3.09	5	0
transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.	2.03	1	0
okadaic acid Okadaic Acid: A specific inhibitor of phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2a. It is also a potent tumor promoter. It is produced by DINOFLAGELLATES and causes diarrhetic SHELLFISH POISONING.. okadaic acid : A polycyclic ether that is produced by several species of dinoflagellates, and is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, it is one of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). It is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases and is known to have a variety of negative effects on cells.	2.39	2	0	ketal
maitotoxin [no description available]	2.04	1	0
agar Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.. agar : A complex mixture of polysaccharides extracted from species of red algae. Its two main components are agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is the component responsible for the high-strength gelling properties of agar, while agaropectin provides the viscous properties.	3.74	11	0
caseins Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones.	2.65	3	0
fertinex [no description available]	3.23	1	0
fusapyrone fusapyrone: isolated from Fusarium semitectum; structure in first source	2	1	0
oligomycins Oligomycins: A closely related group of toxic substances elaborated by various strains of Streptomyces. They are 26-membered macrolides with lactone moieties and double bonds and inhibit various ATPases, causing uncoupling of phosphorylation from mitochondrial respiration. Used as tools in cytochemistry. Some specific oligomycins are RUTAMYCIN, peliomycin, and botrycidin (formerly venturicidin X).	2.66	3	0
phthalocyanine phthalocyanine : A tetrapyrrole fundamental parent that consists of four isoindole-type units, with the connecting carbon atoms in the macrocycle replaced by nitrogen.	2.03	1	0	phthalocyanines; tetrapyrrole fundamental parent
s44hp S44HP: structure in first source; an antifungal agent	3.3	6	0
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone: an interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like protease inhibitor	2.01	1	0
fsl-1 lipoprotein, synthetic FSL-1 lipoprotein, synthetic: a synthetic lipoprotein based on the 44-kDa lipoprotein from Mycoplasma salivarium	2.05	1	0
nitrophenols Nitrophenols: PHENOLS carrying nitro group substituents.	2.38	2	0
angiotensin i Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3.	1.99	1	0	angiotensin; peptide zwitterion	human metabolite; neurotransmitter agent
lipofectamine Lipofectamine: mediates gene transfer; a polycationic lipid reagent	2.15	1	0
sta 2 STA 2: thromboxane A2 agonist; structure given in first source	2	1	0
gibberellins [no description available]	2.4	2	0
tetramycin [no description available]	7.57	2	0
fungichromin fungichromin: structure	2.86	4	0
vitamin b 12 Vitamin B 12: A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12.	1.95	1	0
lucensomycin Lucensomycin: A macrolide antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces lucensis.	9.67	9	0
cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).	4.79	7	1
flavin mononucleotide Flavin Mononucleotide: A coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH DEHYDROGENASE. It is the principal form in which RIBOFLAVIN is found in cells and tissues.	1.94	1	0
cytochalasin d Cytochalasin D: A fungal metabolite that blocks cytoplasmic cleavage by blocking formation of contractile microfilament structures resulting in multinucleated cell formation, reversible inhibition of cell movement, and the induction of cellular extrusion. Additional reported effects include the inhibition of actin polymerization, DNA synthesis, sperm motility, glucose transport, thyroid secretion, and growth hormone release.. cytochalasin D : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a mycotoxin produced by Helminthosporium and other moulds which is cell permeable and a potent inhibitor of actin polymerisation and DNA synthesis.	3.92	12	0
lactoferrin Lactoferrin: An iron-binding protein that was originally characterized as a milk protein. It is widely distributed in secretory fluids and is found in the neutrophilic granules of LEUKOCYTES. The N-terminal part of lactoferrin possesses a serine protease which functions to inactivate the TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM used by bacteria to export virulence proteins for host cell invasion.	3.8	3	0
digitonin Digitonin: A glycoside obtained from Digitalis purpurea; the aglycone is digitogenin which is bound to five sugars. Digitonin solubilizes lipids, especially in membranes and is used as a tool in cellular biochemistry, and reagent for precipitating cholesterol. It has no cardiac effects.. digitonin : A spirostanyl glycoside that is digitogenin in which the 3-hydroxy group is substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl group. It is a steroidal saponin isolated from the foxglove plant, Digitalis purpurea. It is used extensively as a mild non-ionic detergent for extracting proteins from membranes for structure and function studies.	3.58	9	0
orabase Orabase: used in therapy of oral mucosal ulcers	2.68	3	0
apyrase Apyrase: A calcium-activated enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP to yield AMP and orthophosphate. It can also act on ADP and other nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. EC 3.6.1.5.	2.02	1	0
thromboplastin Thromboplastin: Constituent composed of protein and phospholipid that is widely distributed in many tissues. It serves as a cofactor with factor VIIa to activate factor X in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation.	2.38	2	0
muramidase Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.	4.59	6	1
entecavir entecavir (anhydrous) : Guanine substituted at the 9 position by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl group. A synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine, it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with selective antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Entecavir is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active triphosphate form, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, the natural substrate of hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, inhibiting every stage of the enzyme's activity, although it has no activity against HIV. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.	3.23	1	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine; primary alcohol; secondary alcohol	antiviral drug; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
acyclovir Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.	5.34	10	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antimetabolite; antiviral drug
levoleucovorin Levoleucovorin: A folate analog consisting of the pharmacologically active isomer of LEUCOVORIN.. (6S)-5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : The pharmacologically active (6S)-stereoisomer of 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid.	3.8	2	1	5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.	1.98	1	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
guanosine diphosphate Guanosine Diphosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	2.4	2	0	guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor
guanosine triphosphate Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	2.4	2	0	guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor
guanine [no description available]	2.1	1	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine; purine nucleobase	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hypoxanthine [no description available]	1.97	1	0	nucleobase analogue; oxopurine; purine nucleobase	fundamental metabolite
inosine triphosphate Inosine Triphosphate: Inosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). An inosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. Synonym: IRPPP.	1.98	1	0	inosine phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
folic acid folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.	4.24	5	0	folic acids; N-acyl-amino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient
viomycin [no description available]	3.95	4	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide antibiotic	antitubercular agent
guanosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate): Guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), monoanhydride with phosphorothioic acid. A stable GTP analog which enjoys a variety of physiological actions such as stimulation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, cyclic AMP accumulation, and activation of specific proto-oncogenes.	2.91	4	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)	6.6	27	0	cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.	4.06	4	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound	adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; GABA antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; xenobiotic
dacarbazine (E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	3.59	2	0	dacarbazine
didanosine Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.	4.04	4	0	purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor; geroprotector; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ganciclovir [no description available]	4.25	5	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antiinfective agent; antiviral drug
valacyclovir Valacyclovir: A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES.	4.07	4	0	L-valyl ester	antiviral drug
sildenafil sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.	3.6	2	0	piperazines; pyrazolopyrimidine; sulfonamide	EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
olanzapine Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.	3.84	3	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
penciclovir penciclovir : A member of the class of 2-aminopurines that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)but-1-yl group. An antiviral drug, it is administered topically for treatment of herpes labialis. A prodrug, famciclovir, is used for oral administration.	2.45	2	0	2-aminopurines; propane-1,3-diols	antiviral drug
vardenafil vardenafil : The sulfonamide resulting from formal condensation of the sulfo group of 4-ethoxy-3-(5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(1H)-one-2-yl)benzenesulfonic acid and the secondary amino group of 4-ethylpiperazine.	3.23	1	0	imidazotriazine; N-alkylpiperazine; N-sulfonylpiperazine	EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.	4.08	4	0	nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger
citrovorum factor [no description available]	3.23	1	0	tetrahydrofolic acid
leucovorin 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.	3.58	2	0	formyltetrahydrofolic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
rifapentine rifapentine: cyclopentyl derivative of rifampicin	3.23	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-iminopiperazine; rifamycins	antitubercular agent; leprostatic drug
bl 4162a anagrelide: imidazoquinazoline derivative which lowers platelet count probably by inhibiting thrombopoiesis and reduces platelet aggregation; used for thrombocythemia; structure in first source. anagrelide : A 1,5-dihydroimidazo[2,1-]quinazoline having an oxo substituent at the 2-position and chloro substituents at the 6- and 7-positions.	3.23	1	0	imidazoquinazoline	anticoagulant; antifibrinolytic drug; cardiovascular drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor
tegaserod tegaserod: a nonbenzamide 5-hydroxytryptamine(4) agonist; used in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome; marketing suspended 2007 in US due to higher incidence of MI, stroke, and unstable angina; structure given in first source	3.23	1	0	carboxamidine; guanidines; hydrazines; indoles	gastrointestinal drug; serotonergic agonist
guanosine 5'-o-(2-thiodiphosphate) [no description available]	2.4	2	0	nucleoside diphosphate analogue
pemetrexed pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).	3.23	1	0	N-acyl-L-glutamic acid; pyrrolopyrimidine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
valganciclovir Valganciclovir: A ganciclovir prodrug and antiviral agent that is used to treat CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS in patients with AIDS, and for the prevention of CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS in organ transplant recipients who have received an organ from a CMV-positive donor.. valganciclovir : The L-valinyl ester of ganciclovir, into which it is rapidly converted by intestinal and hepatic esterases. It is a synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine.	3.87	3	0	L-valyl ester; purines	antiviral drug; prodrug
aprepitant Aprepitant: A morpholine neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that is used in the management of nausea and vomiting caused by DRUG THERAPY, and for the prevention of POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING.. aprepitant : A morpholine-based antiemetic, which is or the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Aprepitant is a selective high-affinity antagonist of human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors.	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; cyclic acetal; morpholines; triazoles	antidepressant; antiemetic; neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist; peripheral nervous system drug; substance P receptor antagonist
fosaprepitant fosaprepitant: a pro-drug form of aprepitant. fosaprepitant : A morpholine derivative that is the (1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl ether of (3-{[(2R,3S)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxymorpholin-4-yl]methyl}-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phosphonic acid.	3.23	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; cyclic acetal; morpholines; phosphoramide; triazoles	antiemetic; neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist; prodrug
rifabutin [no description available]	3.56	2	0
trypan blue Trypan Blue: A diazo-naphthalene sulfonate that is widely used as a stain.. trypan blue : An organosulfonate salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid).	1.97	1	0
azure c Azure C: RN given refers to chloride. azure C : An organic chloride salt having 3-amino-7-(methylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion.	2.03	1	0
methylnitronitrosoguanidine Methylnitronitrosoguanidine: A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine : An N-nitroguanidine compound having nitroso and methyl substituents at the N'-position	2.04	1	0	nitroso compound	alkylating agent
8-((4-chlorophenyl)thio)cyclic-3',5'-gmp 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cGMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic GMP in which the hydrogen at position 2 on the purine fragment is replaced by a 4-chlorophenylthio group.	1.98	1	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; aryl sulfide; organochlorine compound; ribonucleotide	protein kinase agonist
formycin b formycin B: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer	1.97	1	0	formycin
amg531 [no description available]	2.06	1	0
formycins Formycins: Pyrazolopyrimidine ribonucleosides isolated from Nocardia interforma. They are antineoplastic antibiotics with cytostatic properties.	1.97	1	0
levomefolate calcium levomefolate calcium: an ingredient in Contraceptives, Oral, Combined. levomefolate calcium : An organic calcium salt of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid.	3.23	1	0	organic calcium salt	antidepressant
dibutyryl cyclic gmp Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP: N-(1-Oxobutyl)-cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate)-2'-butanoate guanosine. A derivative of cyclic GMP. It has a higher resistance to extracellular and intracellular phosphodiesterase than cyclic GMP.	1.98	1	0
eye [no description available]	2.35	2	0
carbidopa Carbidopa: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that prevents conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA. It has no anti-parkinson activity by itself.. carbidopa : The hydrate of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa.	1.97	1	0
concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.	3.23	6	0
dinitrobenzenes Dinitrobenzenes: Benzene derivatives which are substituted with two nitro groups in the ortho, meta or para positions.	1.97	1	0
pyrimidinones Pyrimidinones: Heterocyclic compounds known as 2-pyrimidones (or 2-hydroxypyrimidines) and 4-pyrimidones (or 4-hydroxypyrimidines) with the general formula C4H4N2O.	2.4	2	0
filipin Filipin: A complex of polyene antibiotics obtained from Streptomyces filipinensis. Filipin III alters membrane function by interfering with membrane sterols, inhibits mitochondrial respiration, and is proposed as an antifungal agent. Filipins I, II, and IV are less important.	7.47	68	0

Condition	Indicated	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Candidiasis, Genital [description not available]	0	14.23	176	39
Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal Infection of the VULVA and VAGINA with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA.	0	14.23	176	39
Leukemia P388 An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.	0	2.41	2	0
Cancer of Colon [description not available]	0	4.75	7	1
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	0	3.59	9	0
Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON.	0	4.75	7	1
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	0	3.59	9	0
Carcinoma 256, Walker A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.42	2	0
Leukemia, Lymphocytic [description not available]	0	5.97	10	3
Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.	0	5.97	10	3
Adverse Drug Event [description not available]	0	6.73	8	1
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.	0	6.73	8	1
Animal Mammary Carcinoma [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Candida Infection [description not available]	0	17.45	452	33
Candidiasis Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed)	1	19.45	452	33
Amyloid Deposits [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)	0	2.03	1	0
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	0	2.38	2	0
Aspergillus Infection [description not available]	0	10.54	92	3
Fungemia The presence of fungi circulating in the blood. Opportunistic fungal sepsis is seen most often in immunosuppressed patients with severe neutropenia or in postoperative patients with intravenous catheters and usually follows prolonged antibiotic therapy.	0	6.37	8	2
Aspergillosis Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS.	0	10.54	92	3
Leishmania Infection [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Leishmaniasis A disease caused by any of a number of species of protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World) (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS), and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).	0	2.73	3	0
Infections, Staphylococcal [description not available]	0	7.52	20	3
Staphylococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.	0	7.52	20	3
Absence Seizure [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.	0	2.05	1	0
Koch's Disease [description not available]	0	3.49	8	0
Tuberculosis Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.	0	3.49	8	0
Bacterial Disease [description not available]	0	10.9	59	15
Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.	0	10.9	59	15
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available]	0	3.69	3	0
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.	0	3.69	3	0
Fungal Diseases [description not available]	0	15.69	194	29
Bacterial Infections, Gram-Negative [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Bacterial Infections, Gram-Positive [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Mycoses Diseases caused by FUNGI.	0	15.69	194	29
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.	0	2.06	1	0
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method.	0	2.06	1	0
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	0	9.9	21	8
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	0	9.9	21	8
Breast Cancer [description not available]	0	2.47	2	0
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	0	2.47	2	0
Bacterial Skin Diseases [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Bacteremia The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.	1	6.05	3	1
Skin Diseases, Bacterial Skin diseases caused by bacteria.	0	2.11	1	0
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	0	5.45	24	0
African Sleeping Sickness [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Trypanosomiasis, African A disease endemic among people and animals in Central Africa. It is caused by various species of trypanosomes, particularly T. gambiense and T. rhodesiense. Its second host is the TSETSE FLY. Involvement of the central nervous system produces African sleeping sickness. Nagana is a rapidly fatal trypanosomiasis of horses and other animals.	0	2.11	1	0
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Malaria, Falciparum Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.	0	2.13	1	0
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	0	5.38	23	0
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	0	5.38	23	0
Moniliasis, Oral [description not available]	0	16.4	258	42
Candidiasis, Oral Infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth by a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. (Dorland, 27th ed)	1	18.4	258	42
Allergic Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	0	3.51	8	0
Acute Generalised Exanthematous Pustulosis [description not available]	0	2.87	3	0
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.	0	3.51	8	0
Stomatitis, Denture Inflammation of the mouth due to denture irritation.	1	12.23	46	13
Hematologic Malignancies [description not available]	0	4.94	4	2
Hematologic Neoplasms Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.	0	4.94	4	2
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease [description not available]	0	5.11	4	0
Vulvovaginitis Inflammation of the VULVA and the VAGINA, characterized by discharge, burning, and PRURITUS.	0	7.61	32	2
Otomycosis Fungus infection of the external ear, usually by ASPERGILLUS species	0	4.95	6	1
External Ear Inflammation [description not available]	0	7.22	14	8
Otitis Externa Inflammation of the OUTER EAR including the external EAR CANAL, cartilages of the auricle (EAR CARTILAGE), and the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE.	0	7.22	14	8
Infant, Premature, Diseases Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS.	0	10.93	28	4
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas [description not available]	0	3.27	6	0
Cystic Fibrosis An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.	0	3.27	6	0
Black Death [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Plague An acute infectious disease caused by YERSINIA PESTIS that affects humans, wild rodents, and their ectoparasites. This condition persists due to its firm entrenchment in sylvatic rodent-flea ecosystems throughout the world. Bubonic plague is the most common form.	0	2.6	1	0
Caries, Dental [description not available]	0	3.12	5	0
Dental Plaque A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from salivary glands, and microorganisms.	0	4.28	4	1
Dental Caries Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp.	1	5.12	5	0
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	0	11.11	85	13
Anasarca [description not available]	0	4.32	20	0
Leishmaniasis, American [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.	0	4.32	20	0
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous An endemic disease that is characterized by the development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L. tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes.	0	2.6	1	0
Ear Infection [description not available]	0	5.96	5	2
Dermatophytoses [description not available]	0	8	17	6
Tinea Fungal infection of keratinized tissues such as hair, skin and nails. The main causative fungi include MICROSPORUM; TRICHOPHYTON; and EPIDERMOPHYTON.	0	8	17	6
Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available]	0	4.34	20	0
Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.	0	4.34	20	0
Infection, Wound [description not available]	0	3.83	12	0
Burns Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like.	1	7.37	23	0
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Herpes Simplex A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)	0	2.89	4	0
Dermatitis, Irritant A non-allergic contact dermatitis caused by prolonged exposure to irritants and not explained by delayed hypersensitivity mechanisms.	0	3.7	1	1
Earache Pain in the ear.	0	4.38	2	2
Bilateral Headache [description not available]	0	3.7	1	1
Headache The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.	0	3.7	1	1
Recrudescence [description not available]	0	10.62	37	14
Clostridioides difficile Infection [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Clostridium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM and closely related CLOSTRIDIOIDES species.	0	2.31	1	0
Bleb [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Diaper Rashes [description not available]	0	9.23	21	4
Impetigo Contagiosa [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
Diaper Rash A type of irritant dermatitis localized to the area in contact with a diaper and occurring most often as a reaction to prolonged contact with urine, feces, or retained soap or detergent.	0	9.23	21	4
Impetigo A common superficial bacterial infection caused by STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS or group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Characteristics include pustular lesions that rupture and discharge a thin, amber-colored fluid that dries and forms a crust. This condition is commonly located on the face, especially about the mouth and nose.	0	2.66	3	0
Dermatoses [description not available]	0	9.14	37	3
Blood Clot [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.	0	2.92	4	0
Skin Diseases Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.	0	9.14	37	3
Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.	0	2.31	1	0
Dysembryoma [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Teratoma A true neoplasm composed of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature (malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642)	0	2.15	1	0
Dermatomycoses Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi.	0	9.93	38	4
Parodontosis [description not available]	0	3.06	1	0
Periodontal Diseases Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.	0	3.06	1	0
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)	0	3.12	5	0
Cardiac Diseases [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.	0	2.15	1	0
Abstinence Syndrome, Neonatal [description not available]	0	3.09	1	0
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Fetal and neonatal addiction and withdrawal as a result of the mother's dependence on drugs during pregnancy. Withdrawal or abstinence symptoms develop shortly after birth. Symptoms exhibited are loud, high-pitched crying, sweating, yawning and gastrointestinal disturbances.	0	3.09	1	0
Abscess, Amebic [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Amebiasis Infection with any of various amebae. It is an asymptomatic carrier state in most individuals, but diseases ranging from chronic, mild diarrhea to fulminant dysentery may occur.	0	2.17	1	0
Injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used.	0	2.17	1	0
Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.	0	2.17	1	0
Experimental Lung Inflammation Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.	0	6.19	19	2
Pneumonia Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.	1	8.19	19	2
Mastitis INFLAMMATION of the BREAST, or MAMMARY GLAND.	0	2.46	2	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	0	2.97	4	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	0	2.97	4	0
Intestinal Diseases Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.	0	4	5	0
Pemphigus Foliaceus [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Acute Membranous Gingivitis [description not available]	0	4.48	5	1
Pemphigus Group of chronic blistering diseases characterized histologically by ACANTHOLYSIS and blister formation within the EPIDERMIS.	0	2.21	1	0
Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous A clinical syndrome characterized by development, usually in infancy or childhood, of a chronic, often widespread candidiasis of skin, nails, and mucous membranes. It may be secondary to one of the immunodeficiency syndromes, inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, or associated with defects in cell-mediated immunity, endocrine disorders, dental stomatitis, or malignancy.	0	5.49	11	0
Bacterial Vaginitides [description not available]	0	7.64	17	10
Vaginitis Inflammation of the vagina characterized by pain and a purulent discharge.	0	10.24	51	7
Vaginosis, Bacterial Polymicrobial, nonspecific vaginitis associated with positive cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic organisms and a decrease in lactobacilli. It remains unclear whether the initial pathogenic event is caused by the growth of anaerobes or a primary decrease in lactobacilli.	1	9.64	17	10
Dermatitis Medicamentosa [description not available]	0	7.18	22	1
Candidiasis, Cutaneous Candidiasis of the skin manifested as eczema-like lesions of the interdigital spaces, perleche, or chronic paronychia. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	11.35	85	13
Trichomoniasis, Human [description not available]	0	10.1	44	9
Trichomonas Vaginitis Inflammation of the vagina, marked by a purulent discharge. This disease is caused by the protozoan TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS.	0	10.1	44	9
Cancer of Head [description not available]	0	5.4	5	3
Opportunistic Infections An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression.	0	8.5	18	2
Head and Neck Neoplasms Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)	0	5.4	5	3
Chronic Illness [description not available]	0	9.1	45	7
Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	0	9.1	45	7
Blood Poisoning [description not available]	0	10.04	33	6
Leukocytopenia [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Leukopenia A decrease in the number of LEUKOCYTES in a blood sample below the normal range (LEUKOCYTE COUNT less than 4000).	0	2.89	4	0
Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.	0	10.04	33	6
Graft-Versus-Host Disease [description not available]	0	3.09	5	0
Mouth Diseases Diseases involving the MOUTH.	0	7.6	31	2
Graft vs Host Disease The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION.	1	5.09	5	0
Asymptomatic Colonization [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Complications, Infectious Pregnancy [description not available]	0	10.19	43	10
Candidemia A form of invasive candidiasis where species of CANDIDA are present in the blood.	0	5.96	5	1
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	0	3.49	8	0
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	0	3.61	3	0
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	3.49	8	0
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	0	3.61	3	0
Lichen Planus, Oral Oral lesions accompanying cutaneous lichen planus or often occurring alone. The buccal mucosa, lips, gingivae, floor of the mouth, and palate are usually affected (in a descending order of frequency). Typically, oral lesions consist of radiating white or gray, velvety, threadlike lines, arranged in a reticular pattern, at the intersection of which there may be minute, white, elevated dots or streaks (Wickham's striae). (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry)	0	4.37	4	1
Grippe [description not available]	0	2.65	3	0
Infections, Orthomyxoviridae [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Influenza, Human An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.	0	2.65	3	0
Orthomyxoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.	0	2.08	1	0
Food Poisoning [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Entomophthoramycosis [description not available]	0	3.38	2	0
Zygomycosis Infection in humans and animals caused by fungi in the class Zygomycetes. It includes MUCORMYCOSIS and entomophthoramycosis. The latter is a tropical infection of subcutaneous tissue or paranasal sinuses caused by fungi in the order Entomophthorales. Phycomycosis, closely related to zygomycosis, describes infection with members of Phycomycetes, an obsolete classification.	0	3.38	2	0
Histoplasma capsulatum Infection [description not available]	0	6.32	15	0
Histoplasmosis Infection resulting from exposure to the fungus HISTOPLASMA. It is worldwide in distribution and particularly common in the central and eastern states, especially areas around the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys.	0	6.32	15	0
Behavior Disorders [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Diseases of Pharynx [description not available]	0	7.45	11	3
Astasia-Abasia [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.	0	2.38	2	0
Burning Mouth Syndrome A group of painful oral symptoms associated with a burning or similar sensation. There is usually a significant organic component with a degree of functional overlay; it is not limited to the psychophysiologic group of disorders.	0	2.38	2	0
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	0	2.67	3	0
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	0	2.67	3	0
HIV Coinfection [description not available]	0	9.24	19	7
HIV Infections Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).	1	13.52	38	14
Canine Diseases [description not available]	0	5.86	13	2
Diarrhea An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.	0	7.71	24	3
Neutropenia A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.	0	10.46	33	17
Candidiasis, Invasive An important nosocomial fungal infection with species of the genus CANDIDA, most frequently CANDIDA ALBICANS. Invasive candidiasis occurs when candidiasis goes beyond a superficial infection and manifests as CANDIDEMIA, deep tissue infection, or disseminated disease with deep organ involvement.	0	5.71	2	1
Ciliophora Infections Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA.	0	2.11	1	0
Fish Diseases Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates).	0	2.11	1	0
Glossitis Inflammation of the tongue.	0	2.65	3	0
Shingles [description not available]	0	2.42	2	0
Gingivostomatitis, Herpetic [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Cheilitis Inflammation of the lips. It is of various etiologies and degrees of pathology.	0	7.23	13	2
Herpes Zoster An acute infectious, usually self-limited, disease believed to represent activation of latent varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN) in those who have been rendered partially immune after a previous attack of CHICKENPOX. It involves the SENSORY GANGLIA and their areas of innervation and is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.42	2	0
Stomatitis, Herpetic Stomatitis caused by Herpesvirus hominis. It usually occurs as acute herpetic stomatitis (or gingivostomatitis), an oral manifestation of primary herpes simplex seen primarily in children and adolescents.	0	2.1	1	0
Catheter-Associated Infections [description not available]	0	2.52	2	0
Bladder Cancer [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.	0	2.11	1	0
Genital Tract Infections [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia [description not available]	0	4.08	3	1
B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same disease.	0	2.11	1	0
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.	0	4.08	3	1
Leucocythaemia [description not available]	0	11.03	50	16
Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)	1	13.03	50	16
Autism Spectrum Disorder Wide continuum of associated cognitive and neurobehavioral disorders, including, but not limited to, three core-defining features: impairments in socialization, impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication, and restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors. (from DSM-V)	0	2.13	1	0
Critical Illness A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent.	0	5.98	5	2
Dysphagia [description not available]	0	4.67	11	0
Deglutition Disorders Difficulty in SWALLOWING which may result from neuromuscular disorder or mechanical obstruction. Dysphagia is classified into two distinct types: oropharyngeal dysphagia due to malfunction of the PHARYNX and UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER; and esophageal dysphagia due to malfunction of the ESOPHAGUS.	0	4.67	11	0
Esophagitis INFLAMMATION, acute or chronic, of the ESOPHAGUS caused by BACTERIA, chemicals, or TRAUMA.	0	7.96	20	2
Mucositis, Oral [description not available]	0	8.2	40	8
Cough A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.	0	4.08	3	1
Stomatitis INFLAMMATION of the soft tissues of the MOUTH, such as MUCOSA; PALATE; GINGIVA; and LIP.	1	11.56	80	16
Erythema Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes.	0	5.9	9	3
Disease Exacerbation [description not available]	0	3.88	2	1
Cryptogenic Fibrosing Alveolitis [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Viral Diseases [description not available]	0	5.87	9	1
Virus Diseases A general term for diseases caused by viruses.	0	5.87	9	1
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis A common interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, usually occurring between 50-70 years of age. Clinically, it is characterized by an insidious onset of breathlessness with exertion and a nonproductive cough, leading to progressive DYSPNEA. Pathological features show scant interstitial inflammation, patchy collagen fibrosis, prominent fibroblast proliferation foci, and microscopic honeycomb change.	0	2.13	1	0
Antibiotic-Associated Colitis [description not available]	0	3.6	3	0
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization.	0	3.6	3	0
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Severe Dengue A virulent form of dengue characterized by THROMBOCYTOPENIA and an increase in vascular permeability (grades I and II) and distinguished by a positive pain test (e.g., TOURNIQUET PAIN TEST). When accompanied by SHOCK (grades III and IV), it is called dengue shock syndrome.	0	2.13	1	0
Eardrum Perforation [description not available]	0	3.15	5	0
Tympanic Membrane Perforation A temporary or persistent opening in the eardrum (TYMPANIC MEMBRANE). Clinical signs depend on the size, location, and associated pathological condition.	0	3.15	5	0
Light Sensitivity [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Allodynia [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Abdominal Migraine [description not available]	0	3.3	2	0
Migraine Disorders A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtypes are common migraine (without aura) and classic migraine (with aura or neurological symptoms). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)	0	3.3	2	0
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome [description not available]	0	5.18	6	2
AIDS Seroconversion [description not available]	0	6.25	7	2
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections Opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma, cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium, and Cytomegalovirus.	0	9.68	18	4
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.	0	5.18	6	2
Preterm Birth [description not available]	0	3.38	2	0
Fungal Meningitis [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
Premature Birth CHILDBIRTH before 37 weeks of PREGNANCY (259 days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period, or 245 days after FERTILIZATION).	0	3.38	2	0
Injuries, Multiple [description not available]	0	3.8	2	1
Infection, Postoperative Wound [description not available]	0	5.4	8	2
Pericementitis [description not available]	0	4.28	4	1
Periodontitis Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology)	0	4.28	4	1
Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	0	4.5	9	0
Cancer of Stomach [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.	0	2.46	2	0
Cat Diseases Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.	0	3.07	5	0
Polyarthritis [description not available]	0	3.21	6	0
Granulomas [description not available]	0	3.45	8	0
Gastric Ulcer [description not available]	0	2.88	4	0
Arthritis Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.	0	3.21	6	0
Granuloma A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents.	0	3.45	8	0
Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).	0	2.88	4	0
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus [description not available]	0	5.02	16	0
Cancer of Ovary [description not available]	0	2.68	3	0
Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.	0	2.68	3	0
Infection [description not available]	0	6.33	15	1
Enteritis Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.	0	6.33	8	2
Infections Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases.	1	8.33	15	1
Allergy, Drug [description not available]	0	4.66	11	0
Drug Hypersensitivity Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.	0	4.66	11	0
Tooth Diseases Diseases involving the TEETH.	0	2.05	1	0
Diathesis [description not available]	0	4.02	5	0
Airflow Obstruction, Chronic [description not available]	0	2.46	2	0
Laryngitis Inflammation of the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA, including the VOCAL CORDS. Laryngitis is characterized by irritation, edema, and reduced pliability of the mucosa leading to VOICE DISORDERS such as APHONIA and HOARSENESS.	0	2.43	2	0
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.	0	2.46	2	0
Sycosis [description not available]	0	4.05	3	0
Palmoplantaris Pustulosis [description not available]	0	6.22	8	1
Folliculitis Inflammation of follicles, primarily hair follicles.	0	4.05	3	0
Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis.	0	6.22	8	1
AIRE Deficiency [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
Palatal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PALATE, including those of the hard palate, soft palate and UVULA.	0	2.07	1	0
Birth Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	0	4.63	3	2
Urethritis Inflammation involving the URETHRA. Similar to CYSTITIS, clinical symptoms range from vague discomfort to painful urination (DYSURIA), urethral discharge, or both.	0	3.05	5	0
E coli Infections [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Escherichia coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.	0	2.89	4	0
Cushing's Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.97	1	0
Cushing Syndrome A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent.	0	2.97	1	0
Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available]	0	2.71	3	0
Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available]	0	2.05	1	0
EBV Infections [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Lichen Ruber Planus [description not available]	0	3.8	4	0
Leukoplakia, Hairy Epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucosa associated with Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) and found almost exclusively in persons with HIV infection. The lesion consists of a white patch that is often corrugated or hairy.	0	2.42	2	0
Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.	0	2.38	2	0
Lichen Planus An inflammatory, pruritic disease of the skin and mucous membranes, which can be either generalized or localized. It is characterized by distinctive purplish, flat-topped papules having a predilection for the trunk and flexor surfaces. The lesions may be discrete or coalesce to form plaques. Histologically, there is a saw-tooth pattern of epidermal hyperplasia and vacuolar alteration of the basal layer of the epidermis along with an intense upper dermal inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly of T-cells. Etiology is unknown.	0	3.8	4	0
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA (African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).	0	2.06	1	0
Colonic Inertia Symptom characterized by the passage of stool once a week or less.	0	2.06	1	0
Constipation Infrequent or difficult evacuation of FECES. These symptoms are associated with a variety of causes, including low DIETARY FIBER intake, emotional or nervous disturbances, systemic and structural disorders, drug-induced aggravation, and infections.	0	2.06	1	0
Anemia, Hemolytic, Hereditary [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Edema, Fetal [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Hemolytic anemia due to various intrinsic defects of the erythrocyte.	0	2.06	1	0
Bleeding [description not available]	0	4.04	3	1
Hemorrhage Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.	0	4.04	3	1
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available]	0	2.7	3	0
Cancer of Cervix [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.	0	2.7	3	0
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.	0	2.66	3	0
Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.	0	2.06	1	0
Skin Ulcer An ULCER of the skin and underlying tissues.	0	4.25	7	0
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
HbS Disease [description not available]	0	3.24	6	0
Anemia, Sickle Cell A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for hemoglobin S.	0	3.24	6	0
Anti-MuSK Myasthenia Gravis [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Myasthenia Gravis A disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by fatigable weakness of cranial and skeletal muscles with elevated titers of ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS or muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibodies. Clinical manifestations may include ocular muscle weakness (fluctuating, asymmetric, external ophthalmoplegia; diplopia; ptosis; and weakness of eye closure) and extraocular fatigable weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles (ocular myasthenia). THYMOMA is commonly associated with this condition.	0	2.06	1	0
Asthma, Bronchial [description not available]	0	5.87	9	3
Infectious Endophthalmitis Infectious condition of the internal eye.	0	3.06	5	0
Eye Infections, Fungal Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in patients with underlying mycoses.	0	3.32	7	0
Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	0	5.87	9	3
Endophthalmitis Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an infection.	0	3.06	5	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	0	3.41	7	0
Cancer of Kidney [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Methemoglobinemia The presence of methemoglobin in the blood, resulting in cyanosis. A small amount of methemoglobin is present in the blood normally, but injury or toxic agents convert a larger proportion of hemoglobin into methemoglobin, which does not function reversibly as an oxygen carrier. Methemoglobinemia may be due to a defect in the enzyme NADH methemoglobin reductase (an autosomal recessive trait) or to an abnormality in hemoglobin M (an autosomal dominant trait). (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.07	1	0
Bilateral Wilms Tumor [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.	0	2.07	1	0
Wilms Tumor A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.	0	2.07	1	0
Chromosomal Duplication [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Group A Strep Infection [description not available]	0	5.51	6	1
Streptococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS.	0	5.51	6	1
Taste Disorder, Anterior Tongue [description not available]	0	3.46	1	1
Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.	0	3.76	2	1
Hiccough [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Vaginal Diseases Pathological processes of the VAGINA.	0	7.37	13	4
HPV Infection [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Female Genital Diseases [description not available]	0	3.74	11	0
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact.	0	4.13	6	0
Sexually Transmitted Disease, Viral [description not available]	0	2.06	1	0
Genital Diseases, Female Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).	0	3.74	11	0
Papillomavirus Infections Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but some have a high risk for malignant progression.	0	2.45	2	0
C gattii Infection [description not available]	0	6.17	15	0
Cryptococcosis Fungal infection caused by genus CRYPTOCOCCUS.	0	6.17	15	0
Co-infection [description not available]	0	3.46	1	1
Pulmonary Consumption [description not available]	0	4.72	7	1
HIV Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.	0	3.81	2	1
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.	0	4.72	7	1
Actinomyces Infections [description not available]	0	5.35	10	0
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	0	4.29	4	1
Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available]	0	2.45	2	0
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	0	4.29	4	1
Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	0	2.45	2	0
Asialia [description not available]	0	5.95	5	2
Xerostomia Decreased salivary flow.	0	5.95	5	2
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Mycosis [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Health Care Associated Infection [description not available]	0	10.72	26	7
Disease, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	5.34	14	1
Alveolitis, Fibrosing [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Cross Infection Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.	0	10.72	26	7
Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.	0	5.34	14	1
Pulmonary Fibrosis A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.	0	2.38	2	0
Respiratory Insufficiency Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2.07	1	0
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.	0	2.08	1	0
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia [description not available]	0	3	1	0
Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated Serious INFLAMMATION of the LUNG in patients who required the use of PULMONARY VENTILATOR. It is usually caused by bacterial CROSS INFECTION in hospitals.	0	3	1	0
Balanitis Inflammation of the head of the PENIS, glans penis.	0	4.37	8	0
Bowen Disease [description not available]	0	2.07	1	0
Fungal Lung Diseases [description not available]	0	7.6	56	1
Anochlesia [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Infections, Prosthesis-Related [description not available]	0	4.31	4	1
Enterovirus Infections Diseases caused by ENTEROVIRUS.	0	2.01	1	0
Acute Kidney Failure [description not available]	0	2.65	3	0
Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.	0	2.65	3	0
Breast Diseases Pathological processes of the BREAST.	0	3.06	5	0
Ache [description not available]	0	4.88	4	2
Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	0	4.88	4	2
Esophageal Reflux [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Gastroesophageal Reflux Retrograde flow of gastric juice (GASTRIC ACID) and/or duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS; PANCREATIC JUICE) into the distal ESOPHAGUS, commonly due to incompetence of the LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER.	0	2.01	1	0
Endothelioma, Lymphatic [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Cancer of the Tongue [description not available]	0	3.3	2	0
Lymphangioma A benign tumor resulting from a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system. Lymphangioendothelioma is a type of lymphangioma in which endothelial cells are the dominant component.	0	2.01	1	0
Tongue Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.	0	3.3	2	0
Infections, Pseudomonas [description not available]	0	5	5	2
Pseudomonas Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.	0	5	5	2
Mucorales Infection [description not available]	0	5.16	8	0
Mucormycosis Infection in humans and animals caused by any fungus in the order MUCORALES (e.g., RHIZOPUS; MUCOR; CUNNINGHAMELLA; APOPHYSOMYCES; ABSIDIA; SAKSENAEA and RHIZOMUCOR) There are many clinical types associated with infection including central nervous system, lung, gastrointestinal tract, skin, orbit and paranasal sinuses. In humans, it usually occurs as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION.	0	5.16	8	0
Cholera Infantum [description not available]	0	8.57	16	5
Autoimmune Disease [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Epulides [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Benign Mucosal Pemphigoid [description not available]	0	2.01	1	0
Aphthae [description not available]	0	2.89	4	0
Autoimmune Diseases Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.	0	2.01	1	0
Gingival Diseases Diseases involving the GINGIVA.	0	2.01	1	0
Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane A chronic blistering disease with predilection for mucous membranes and less frequently the skin, and with a tendency to scarring. It is sometimes called ocular pemphigoid because of conjunctival mucous membrane involvement.	0	2.01	1	0
Stomatitis, Aphthous A recurrent disease of the oral mucosa of unknown etiology. It is characterized by small white ulcerative lesions, single or multiple, round or oval. Two to eight crops of lesions occur per year, lasting for 7 to 14 days and then heal without scarring. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p742)	0	2.89	4	0
Infections, Chlamydia [description not available]	0	3.57	3	0
Chlamydia Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.	0	3.57	3	0
Puerperal Disorders Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans.	0	2.37	2	0
Genital Diseases, Male Pathological processes involving the male reproductive tract (GENITALIA, MALE).	0	2.38	2	0
Bullous Dermatoses [description not available]	0	3.32	2	0
Coccidioides immitis Infection [description not available]	0	5.44	11	0
Coccidioidomycosis Infection with a fungus of the genus COCCIDIOIDES, endemic to the SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES. It is sometimes called valley fever but should not be confused with RIFT VALLEY FEVER. Infection is caused by inhalation of airborne, fungal particles known as arthroconidia, a form of FUNGAL SPORES. A primary form is an acute, benign, self-limited respiratory infection. A secondary form is a virulent, severe, chronic, progressive granulomatous disease with systemic involvement. It can be detected by use of COCCIDIOIDIN.	0	5.44	11	0
Keratitis, Ulcerative [description not available]	0	4.14	17	0
Corneal Ulcer Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue; usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.	0	4.14	17	0
Ulcer A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue.	0	4.59	6	1
Foot and Mouth Disease [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
ENT Diseases [description not available]	0	2.84	4	0
Intra-Abdominal Infections [description not available]	0	3.18	6	0
Intraabdominal Infections Infection within the PERITONEAL CAVITY. A frequent cause is an ANASTOMOTIC LEAK following surgery.	0	3.18	6	0
Vulvitis Inflammation of the VULVA. It is characterized by PRURITUS and painful urination.	0	3.19	6	0
Disease A definite pathologic process with a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. It may affect the whole body or any of its parts, and its etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be known or unknown.	0	3.72	11	0
Vulvar Diseases Pathological processes of the VULVA.	0	2.33	2	0
Complications, Pregnancy [description not available]	0	3.03	5	0
Keratoconjunctivitis Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva.	0	2.34	2	0
Infant, Newborn, Diseases Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts.	0	6.6	29	2
Keratitis Inflammation of the cornea.	0	3.89	13	0
Acne [description not available]	0	3.55	3	0
Acne Vulgaris A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but heredity and age are predisposing factors.	0	3.55	3	0
Infections, Soft Tissue [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Soft Tissue Infections Infections of non-skeletal tissue, i.e., exclusive of bone, ligaments, cartilage, and fibrous tissue. The concept is usually referred to as skin and soft tissue infections and usually subcutaneous and muscle tissue are involved. The predisposing factors in anaerobic infections are trauma, ischemia, and surgery. The organisms often derive from the fecal or oral flora, particularly in wounds associated with intestinal surgery, decubitus ulcer, and human bites. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1688)	0	1.93	1	0
Bacterial Endocarditides [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Endocarditis, Bacterial Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use.	0	2.35	2	0
Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.	0	6.33	15	3
Bronchial Diseases Diseases involving the BRONCHI.	0	4.71	7	1
Acrodermatitis Inflammation involving the skin of the extremities, especially the hands and feet. Several forms are known, some idiopathic and some hereditary. The infantile form is called Gianotti-Crosti syndrome.	0	2.63	3	0
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	0	9.04	27	11
Infant Malnutrition Malnutrition, occurring in infants ages 1 month to 24 months, which is due to insufficient intake of food, dietary nutrients, or a pathophysiologic condition which prevents the absorption and utilization of food. Growth and development are markedly affected.	0	1.93	1	0
Empyema, Gall Bladder [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Cholecystitis Inflammation of the GALLBLADDER; generally caused by impairment of BILE flow, GALLSTONES in the BILIARY TRACT, infections, or other diseases.	0	2.34	2	0
Infections, Trichomonas [description not available]	0	2.85	4	0
Trichomonas Infections Infections in birds and mammals produced by various species of Trichomonas.	0	2.85	4	0
P carinii Pneumonia [description not available]	0	4.25	4	0
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants, characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS. It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species of Pneumocystis.	0	4.25	4	0
Orbital Diseases Diseases of the bony orbit and contents except the eyeball.	0	2.34	2	0
Paranasal Sinus Diseases Diseases affecting or involving the PARANASAL SINUSES and generally manifesting as inflammation, abscesses, cysts, or tumors.	0	1.93	1	0
Nasal Diseases [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Sinus Infections [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Sinusitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES.	0	3.04	5	0
Allergic Reaction [description not available]	0	6.03	16	2
Hypersensitivity Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.	0	6.03	16	2
Corneal Diseases Diseases of the cornea.	0	2.34	2	0
B Virus Infection [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Herpes Simplex Keratitis [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Keratitis, Herpetic A superficial, epithelial Herpesvirus hominis infection of the cornea, characterized by the presence of small vesicles which may break down and coalesce to form dendritic ulcers (KERATITIS, DENDRITIC). (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)	0	1.93	1	0
Lymphatic Diseases Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC VESSELS.	0	1.93	1	0
Microbial Superinvasion [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Conjugate Nystagmus [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Facial Palsy [description not available]	0	3.26	2	0
Cheilitis Granulomatosa [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Hepatitis, Infectious [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Infections, Respiratory [description not available]	0	8.29	23	6
Hepatitis INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.	0	2.63	3	0
Hepatitis A INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water.	0	2.34	2	0
Respiratory Tract Infections Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.	0	8.29	23	6
Lipodystrophy, Intestinal [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Lipodystrophy A collection of heterogenous conditions resulting from defective LIPID METABOLISM and characterized by ADIPOSE TISSUE atrophy. Often there is redistribution of body fat resulting in peripheral fat wasting and central adiposity. They include generalized, localized, congenital, and acquired lipodystrophy.	0	1.93	1	0
Sporothrix brasiliensis Infection [description not available]	0	4.42	5	0
Blastomycosis, North American [description not available]	0	6.98	10	1
Cerebral Nocardiosis [description not available]	0	5.34	5	1
Blastomycosis A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1, a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the lung.	0	6.98	10	1
Sporotrichosis The commonest and least serious of the deep mycoses, characterized by nodular lesions of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by inhalation of contaminated dust or by infection of a wound with SPOROTHRIX.	0	4.42	5	0
Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Kerion Celsi An inflammatory manifestation of tinea capitis with a pronounced swelling that develops into suppurative central and indurated peripheral area called kerion.	0	1.93	1	0
Tinea Capitis Ringworm of the scalp and associated hair mainly caused by species of MICROSPORUM; TRICHOPHYTON; and EPIDERMOPHYTON, which may occasionally involve the eyebrows and eyelashes.	0	1.93	1	0
Parkinsonian Disorders A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE), secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA.	0	1.93	1	0
Giardia duodenalis Infection [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Giardiasis An infection of the SMALL INTESTINE caused by the flagellated protozoan GIARDIA. It is spread via contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact.	0	2.34	2	0
Achondroplasia, Severe, With Developmental Delay And Acanthosis Nigricans [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Achondroplasia An autosomal dominant disorder that is the most frequent form of short-limb dwarfism. Affected individuals exhibit short stature caused by rhizomelic shortening of the limbs, characteristic facies with frontal bossing and mid-face hypoplasia, exaggerated lumbar lordosis, limitation of elbow extension, GENU VARUM, and trident hand. (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim, MIM#100800, April 20, 2001)	0	1.93	1	0
Bronchiectasis Persistent abnormal dilatation of the bronchi.	0	1.93	1	0
Aspiculariasis [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Eperythrozoonosis [description not available]	0	4.25	7	0
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection [description not available]	0	5.28	13	1
Great Pox [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Gonorrhea Acute infectious disease characterized by primary invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.	0	5.28	13	1
Syphilis A contagious venereal disease caused by the spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM.	0	2.64	3	0
Aprosodia [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Acquired Vocal Cord Palsy [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Vocal Cord Paralysis Congenital or acquired paralysis of one or both VOCAL CORDS. This condition is caused by defects in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, the VAGUS NERVE and branches of LARYNGEAL NERVES. Common symptoms are VOICE DISORDERS including HOARSENESS or APHONIA.	0	1.93	1	0
Dermatitis Exfoliativa [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Embryopathies [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Paronychia An inflammatory reaction involving the folds of the skin surrounding the fingernail. It is characterized by acute or chronic purulent, tender, and painful swellings of the tissues around the nail, caused by an abscess of the nail fold. The pathogenic yeast causing paronychia is most frequently Candida albicans. Saprophytic fungi may also be involved. The causative bacteria are usually Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Streptococcus. (Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p271)	0	7.05	14	1
Dermatitis, Exfoliative The widespread involvement of the skin by a scaly, erythematous dermatitis occurring either as a secondary or reactive process to an underlying cutaneous disorder (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc.), or as a primary or idiopathic disease. It is often associated with the loss of hair and nails, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, and pruritus. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.94	1	0
Focal Infection An infection at a specific location that may spread to another region of the body.	0	1.94	1	0
Addison's Disease [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Adrenal Gland Hypofunction [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Idiopathic Hypoparathyroidism A condition of low or absent PTH level and HYPOCALCEMIA. It usually occurs as part of an autoimmune syndrome.	0	1.93	1	0
Addison Disease, X-Linked [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Hypoadrenocorticism, Familial Hereditary forms of Addison disease that may exhibit autosomal recessive or X-linked inheritance. They are characterized by severe neurological symptoms, APNEA; and death in infancy. OMIM: 240200	0	1.93	1	0
Addison Disease An adrenal disease characterized by the progressive destruction of the ADRENAL CORTEX, resulting in insufficient production of ALDOSTERONE and HYDROCORTISONE. Clinical symptoms include ANOREXIA; NAUSEA; WEIGHT LOSS; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; and HYPERPIGMENTATION of the SKIN due to increase in circulating levels of ACTH precursor hormone which stimulates MELANOCYTES.	0	2.34	2	0
Adrenal Insufficiency Conditions in which the production of adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS falls below the requirement of the body. Adrenal insufficiency can be caused by defects in the ADRENAL GLANDS, the PITUITARY GLAND, or the HYPOTHALAMUS.	0	1.93	1	0
Hypoparathyroidism A condition caused by a deficiency of PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH). It is characterized by HYPOCALCEMIA and hyperphosphatemia. Hypocalcemia leads to TETANY. The acquired form is due to removal or injuries to the PARATHYROID GLANDS. The congenital form is due to mutations of genes, such as TBX1; (see DIGEORGE SYNDROME); CASR encoding CALCIUM-SENSING RECEPTOR; or PTH encoding parathyroid hormone.	0	1.93	1	0
Cholangitis Inflammation of the biliary ductal system (BILE DUCTS); intrahepatic, extrahepatic, or both.	0	1.93	1	0
Brain Disorders [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Brain Diseases Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.	0	2.34	2	0
Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.	1	4.64	3	0
Infectious Diseases [description not available]	0	3.78	4	0
Communicable Diseases An illness caused by an infectious agent or its toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect transmission of the infectious agent or its products from an infected individual or via an animal, vector or the inanimate environment to a susceptible animal or human host.	0	3.78	4	0
Abortion, Veterinary Premature expulsion of the FETUS in animals.	0	1.94	1	0
Equine Diseases [description not available]	0	2.86	4	0
Nerve Pain [description not available]	0	2.85	1	0
Clostridium tetani Infection [description not available]	0	2.85	1	0
Epileptiform Neuralgia [description not available]	0	2.85	1	0
Neuralgia Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.	0	2.85	1	0
Tetanus A disease caused by tetanospasmin, a powerful protein toxin produced by CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI. Tetanus usually occurs after an acute injury, such as a puncture wound or laceration. Generalized tetanus, the most common form, is characterized by tetanic muscular contractions and hyperreflexia. Localized tetanus presents itself as a mild condition with manifestations restricted to muscles near the wound. It may progress to the generalized form.	0	2.85	1	0
Trigeminal Neuralgia A syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of excruciating pain lasting several seconds or longer in the sensory distribution of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. Pain may be initiated by stimulation of trigger points on the face, lips, or gums or by movement of facial muscles or chewing. Associated conditions include MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, vascular anomalies, ANEURYSMS, and neoplasms. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p187)	0	2.85	1	0
Arterial Diseases, Carotid [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Gangrene Death and putrefaction of tissue usually due to a loss of blood supply.	0	2.34	2	0
External Ophthalmoplegia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Cranial Sinus Thrombosis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Carotid Artery Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.	0	1.94	1	0
Eye Manifestations Ocular disorders attendant upon non-ocular disease or injury.	0	1.94	1	0
Ascariasis Infection by nematodes of the genus ASCARIS. Ingestion of infective eggs causes diarrhea and pneumonitis. Its distribution is more prevalent in areas of poor sanitation and where human feces are used for fertilizer.	0	1.93	1	0
Enteric Fever [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Trichocephaliasis [description not available]	0	1.93	1	0
Trichuriasis Infection with nematodes of the genus TRICHURIS, formerly called Trichocephalus.	0	1.93	1	0
Typhoid Fever An acute systemic febrile infection caused by SALMONELLA TYPHI, a serotype of SALMONELLA ENTERICA.	0	1.93	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.	0	2.87	4	0
Amino Acid Metabolism Disorders, Inborn [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Aminoaciduria, Renal [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Friedreich Disease [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Diseases, Metabolic [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Pellagra A disease due to deficiency of NIACIN, a B-complex vitamin, or its precursor TRYPTOPHAN. It is characterized by scaly DERMATITIS which is often associated with DIARRHEA and DEMENTIA (the three D's).	0	2.34	2	0
Amino Acid Transport Disorder, Neutral [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Friedreich Ataxia An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood onset, characterized pathologically by degeneration of the spinocerebellar tracts, posterior columns, and to a lesser extent the corticospinal tracts. Clinical manifestations include GAIT ATAXIA, pes cavus, speech impairment, lateral curvature of spine, rhythmic head tremor, kyphoscoliosis, congestive heart failure (secondary to a cardiomyopathy), and lower extremity weakness. Most forms of this condition are associated with a mutation in a gene on chromosome 9, at band q13, which codes for the mitochondrial protein frataxin. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1081; N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75) The severity of Friedreich ataxia associated with expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin gene correlates with the number of trinucleotide repeats. (From Durr et al, N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75)	0	1.94	1	0
Metabolic Diseases Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed)	0	2.63	3	0
Adenovirus Infections [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Adenoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ADENOVIRIDAE.	0	1.94	1	0
Pneumonia, Viral Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection.	0	2.34	2	0
Pachymeningitis [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Middle Ear Inflammation [description not available]	0	3.34	7	0
Anemia A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.	0	2.86	4	0
Meningitis Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6)	0	2.34	2	0
Otitis Media Inflammation of the MIDDLE EAR including the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE.	0	3.34	7	0
Geotrichosis Infection due to the fungus Geotrichum.	0	4.43	5	0
Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	0	5.22	20	0
Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin.	0	5.6	10	2
Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.	0	5.22	20	0
Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism.	0	1.93	1	0
Granulocytic Leukemia [description not available]	0	5.14	6	2
Abscess, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Choked Disk [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites.	0	5.14	6	2
Lung Abscess Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the lung parenchyma as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other agents.	0	2.63	3	0
Papilledema Swelling of the OPTIC DISK, usually in association with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia, blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins. Chronic papilledema may cause OPTIC ATROPHY and visual loss. (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p175)	0	2.34	2	0
Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.	0	1.93	1	0
Halitosis An offensive, foul breath odor resulting from a variety of causes such as poor oral hygiene, dental or oral infections, or the ingestion of certain foods.	0	1.94	1	0
Atrophy Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes.	0	2.35	2	0
Respiratory Tract Diseases Diseases involving the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.	0	5.35	5	3
Colonic Diseases Pathological processes in the COLON region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	0	4.02	3	1
Oral Manifestations Disorders of the mouth attendant upon non-oral disease or injury.	0	2.86	4	0
Emesis [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Vomiting The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.	0	2.34	2	0
Aspergilloses, Bronchopulmonary [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Pulmonary Aspergillosis Infections of the respiratory tract with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS.	0	1.94	1	0
Complication, Postoperative [description not available]	0	6.1	17	2
Mastoiditis Inflammation of the honeycomb-like MASTOID BONE in the skull just behind the ear. It is usually a complication of OTITIS MEDIA.	0	1.94	1	0
Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	0	6.1	17	2
Cervicitis [description not available]	0	4.44	5	1
Varices [description not available]	0	3.26	2	0
Cancer of the Vulva [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Uterine Cervicitis Inflammation of the UTERINE CERVIX.	0	4.44	5	1
Varicose Veins Enlarged and tortuous VEINS.	0	3.26	2	0
Vulvar Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the VULVA.	0	1.94	1	0
Drug-Induced Stevens Johnson Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g., antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA, MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.	0	2.36	2	0
Cataract, Membranous [description not available]	0	2.65	3	0
Eye Disorders [description not available]	0	5.16	19	0
Cataract Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.65	3	0
Eye Diseases Diseases affecting the eye.	0	5.16	19	0
Farmer's Lung A form of alveolitis or pneumonitis due to an acquired hypersensitivity to inhaled antigens associated with farm environment. Antigens in the farm dust are commonly from bacteria actinomycetes (SACCHAROPOLYSPORA and THERMOACTINOMYCES), fungi, and animal proteins in the soil, straw, crops, pelts, serum, and excreta.	0	2.34	2	0
Anaphylactic Reaction [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Anaphylaxis An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.	0	1.94	1	0
Achlorhydria A lack of HYDROCHLORIC ACID in GASTRIC JUICE despite stimulation of gastric secretion.	0	1.94	1	0
Microglossia [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Kelly's Syndrome [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Postgastrectomy Syndromes Sequelae of gastrectomy from the second week after operation on. Include recurrent or anastomotic ulcer, postprandial syndromes (DUMPING SYNDROME and late postprandial hypoglycemia), disordered bowel action, and nutritional deficiencies.	0	1.94	1	0
Cystitis Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.	0	2.87	4	0
Delayed Hypersensitivity [description not available]	0	2.87	4	0
Genetic Skin Diseases [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Leukokeratosis Leukoplakic lesions related to abnormal keratin fiber formation.	0	1.94	1	0
Keratosis, Oral [description not available]	0	4.75	5	0
Leukoplakia A white patch lesion found on a MUCOUS MEMBRANE that cannot be scraped off. Leukoplakia is generally considered a precancerous condition, however its appearance may also result from a variety of HEREDITARY DISEASES.	0	1.94	1	0
Leukoplakia, Oral A white patch seen on the oral mucosa. It is considered a premalignant condition and is often tobacco-induced. When evidence of Epstein-Barr virus is present, the condition is called hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).	0	4.75	5	0
Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.	0	1.94	1	0
Malassezia furfur Infection [description not available]	0	5.64	7	3
Tinea Versicolor A common chronic, noninflammatory and usually symptomless disorder, characterized by the occurrence of multiple macular patches of all sizes and shapes, and varying in pigmentation from fawn-colored to brown. It is seen most frequently in hot, humid, tropical regions and is mostly caused by MALASSEZIA FURFUR (formerly Pityrosporum orbiculare).	0	5.64	7	3
Urinary Tract Diseases [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Leukorrhea A clear or white discharge from the VAGINA, consisting mainly of MUCUS.	0	5.6	10	2
African Lymphoma [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Burkitt Lymphoma A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.	0	2.39	2	0
Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	5.01	5	2
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.	0	5.01	5	2
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.	0	2.67	3	0
Hypospadias A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in which the urethral opening is below its normal location. In the male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the ventral surface of the PENIS or on the PERINEUM. In the female, the malformed urethral opening is in the VAGINA.	0	2.01	1	0
Symptom Cluster [description not available]	0	6.23	7	2
Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex.	0	6.23	7	2
Infections, Tick-Borne [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Corridor Disease [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Mouth Ulcer [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Craniofacial Pain [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Facial Pain Pain in the facial region including orofacial pain and craniofacial pain. Associated conditions include local inflammatory and neoplastic disorders and neuralgic syndromes involving the trigeminal, facial, and glossopharyngeal nerves. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent facial pain as the primary manifestation of disease are referred to as FACIAL PAIN SYNDROMES.	0	2.02	1	0
Oral Ulcer A loss of mucous substance of the mouth showing local excavation of the surface, resulting from the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. It is the result of a variety of causes, e.g., denture irritation, aphthous stomatitis (STOMATITIS, APHTHOUS); NOMA; necrotizing gingivitis (GINGIVITIS, NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE); TOOTHBRUSHING; and various irritants. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p842)	0	2.02	1	0
Foot Diseases Anatomical and functional disorders affecting the foot.	0	2.37	2	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	0	4.05	3	1
Avian Diseases [description not available]	0	3.57	3	0
Mastitis, Bovine INFLAMMATION of the UDDER in cows.	0	3.06	5	0
P carinii Infection [description not available]	0	2.41	2	0
AIDS Nephropathy [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
AIDS-Associated Nephropathy Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys, and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients.	0	2.02	1	0
Pneumocystis Infections Infections with species in the genus PNEUMOCYSTIS, a fungus causing interstitial plasma cell pneumonia (PNEUMONIA, PNEUMOCYSTIS) and other infections in humans and other MAMMALS. Immunocompromised patients, especially those with AIDS, are particularly susceptible to these infections. Extrapulmonary sites are rare but seen occasionally.	0	2.41	2	0
Deaf Mutism [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Deafness A general term for the complete loss of the ability to hear from both ears.	0	2.02	1	0
Prosthesis Durability [description not available]	0	3.8	2	1
Exanthem [description not available]	0	4.29	4	1
Thrombopenia [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
Exanthema Diseases in which skin eruptions or rashes are a prominent manifestation. Classically, six such diseases were described with similar rashes; they were numbered in the order in which they were reported. Only the fourth (Duke's disease), fifth (ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM), and sixth (EXANTHEMA SUBITUM) numeric designations survive as occasional synonyms in current terminology.	0	4.29	4	1
Thrombocytopenia A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.	0	2.66	3	0
Tracheal Diseases Diseases involving the TRACHEA.	0	2.02	1	0
Bone Fractures [description not available]	0	2.02	1	0
Fractures, Bone Breaks in bones.	0	2.02	1	0
Dehydration The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.	0	2.9	4	0
Mucositis An INFLAMMATION of the MUCOSA with burning or tingling sensation. It is characterized by atrophy of the squamous EPITHELIUM, vascular damage, inflammatory infiltration, and ulceration. It usually occurs at the mucous lining of the MOUTH, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the airway due to chemical irritations, CHEMOTHERAPY, or radiation therapy (RADIOTHERAPY).	0	2.02	1	0
Nail Fungus [description not available]	0	3.34	7	0
Foot Dermatoses Skin diseases of the foot, general or unspecified.	0	2.03	1	0
Onychomycosis A fungal infection of the nail, usually caused by DERMATOPHYTES; YEASTS; or nondermatophyte MOLDS.	0	3.34	7	0
Anemia, Hypoplastic [description not available]	0	4.61	6	1
Anemia, Aplastic A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.	0	4.61	6	1
Ear Diseases Pathological processes of the ear, the hearing, and the equilibrium system of the body.	0	4.14	6	0
Rupture, Spontaneous Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force.	0	2.03	1	0
Enterocolitis Inflammation of the MUCOSA of both the SMALL INTESTINE and the LARGE INTESTINE. Etiology includes ISCHEMIA, infections, allergic, and immune responses.	0	2.94	1	0
Polyomavirus Infections Infections with POLYOMAVIRUS, which are often cultured from the urine of kidney transplant patients. Excretion of BK VIRUS is associated with ureteral strictures and CYSTITIS, and that of JC VIRUS with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL).	0	2.03	1	0
Nephritis Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY.	0	2.03	1	0
Lassitude [description not available]	0	4.37	2	2
Age-Related Memory Disorders [description not available]	0	4.37	2	2
Fatigue The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.	0	4.37	2	2
Memory Disorders Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.	0	4.37	2	2
Bacterial Pneumonia [description not available]	0	4.36	2	2
Dehiscence, Surgical Wound [description not available]	0	3.43	1	1
Pneumonia, Bacterial Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections.	0	4.36	2	2
Bordetella Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus BORDETELLA.	0	2.04	1	0
Blastomyces brasiliensis Infection [description not available]	0	3.31	2	0
Bronchitis Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.	0	2.35	2	0
Asystole [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Heart Arrest Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.	0	1.94	1	0
Fibroid [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Cancer of the Uterus [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Leiomyoma A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue, also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle of small blood vessels in these tissues.	0	1.94	1	0
Uterine Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.	0	2.34	2	0
Esophageal Diseases Pathological processes in the ESOPHAGUS.	0	4.03	15	0
Colitis Gravis [description not available]	0	2.65	3	0
Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.	0	2.65	3	0
Hansen Disease [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Leprosy A chronic granulomatous infection caused by MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. The granulomatous lesions are manifested in the skin, the mucous membranes, and the peripheral nerves. Two polar or principal types are lepromatous and tuberculoid.	0	1.94	1	0
Brain Abscess A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate in the brain, due to bacterial and other infections. The majority are caused by spread of infected material from a focus of suppuration elsewhere in the body, notably the PARANASAL SINUSES, middle ear (see EAR, MIDDLE); HEART (see also ENDOCARDITIS, BACTERIAL), and LUNG. Penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES may also be associated with this condition. Clinical manifestations include HEADACHE; SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits; and alterations of consciousness. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp712-6)	0	2.34	2	0
Intestinal Obstruction Any impairment, arrest, or reversal of the normal flow of INTESTINAL CONTENTS toward the ANAL CANAL.	0	2.35	2	0
Intertrigo A superficial dermatitis occurring on skin surfaces in contact with each other, such as the axillae, neck creases, intergluteal fold, between the toes, etc. Obesity is a predisposing factor. The condition is caused by moisture and friction and is characterized by erythema, maceration, burning, and exudation.	0	5.72	4	2
Esophageal Stricture [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Esophageal Stenosis A stricture of the ESOPHAGUS. Most are acquired but can be congenital.	0	1.94	1	0
Metabolic Acidosis [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up.	0	1.96	1	0
Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease [description not available]	0	4.61	3	2
Cytomegalovirus Infections Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults.	0	4.61	3	2
Agranulocytosis A decrease in the number of GRANULOCYTES; (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS).	0	9.64	26	13
Germinoblastoma [description not available]	0	6.32	8	2
Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.	0	6.32	8	2
Alcohol Drinking Behaviors associated with the ingesting of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, including social drinking.	0	2.88	1	0
Infectious Skin Diseases [description not available]	0	4.99	5	2
Skin Diseases, Infectious Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses.	0	4.99	5	2
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	0	2.35	2	0
Gastric Diseases [description not available]	0	3.97	5	0
Granuloma, Hodgkin [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Cancer of Mouth [description not available]	0	2.38	2	0
Hodgkin Disease A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen.	0	2.36	2	0
Mouth Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.	0	2.38	2	0
Hyponatremia Deficiency of sodium in the blood; salt depletion. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.96	1	0
Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available]	0	2.87	4	0
Curling Ulcer Acute stress DUODENAL ULCER, usually observed in patients with extensive third-degree burns.	0	2.36	2	0
Duodenal Ulcer A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM.	0	2.36	2	0
Deficiency Diseases A condition produced by dietary or metabolic deficiency. The term includes all diseases caused by an insufficient supply of essential nutrients, i.e., protein (or amino acids), vitamins, and minerals. It also includes an inadequacy of calories. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)	0	1.95	1	0
Bone Loss, Osteoclastic [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Lip Diseases Diseases involving the LIP.	0	1.96	1	0
Patency of the Ductus Arteriosus [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent A congenital heart defect characterized by the persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING) allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth.	0	1.95	1	0
Bezoars Concretions of swallowed hair, fruit or vegetable fibers, or similar substances found in the alimentary canal.	0	1.95	1	0
Gastritis Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion observed in a number of unrelated disorders.	0	1.95	1	0
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia [description not available]	0	6.52	11	5
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.	0	6.52	11	5
Nasal Bleeding [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Epistaxis Bleeding from the nose.	0	1.96	1	0
Pregnancy in Diabetes [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Choline Deficiency A condition produced by a deficiency of CHOLINE in animals. Choline is known as a lipotropic agent because it has been shown to promote the transport of excess fat from the liver under certain conditions in laboratory animals. Combined deficiency of choline (included in the B vitamin complex) and all other methyl group donors causes liver cirrhosis in some animals. Unlike compounds normally considered as vitamins, choline does not serve as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions. (From Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)	0	1.96	1	0
Liver Steatosis [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Alcoholic Fatty Liver [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Fatty Liver Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.	0	1.96	1	0
Pink Eye [description not available]	0	3.05	5	0
Actinic Reticuloid Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.27	2	0
Conjunctivitis INFLAMMATION of the CONJUNCTIVA.	0	3.05	5	0
Neurologic Voice Disorder [description not available]	0	3.34	1	1
Voice Disorders Pathological processes that affect voice production, usually involving VOCAL CORDS and the LARYNGEAL MUCOSA. Voice disorders can be caused by organic (anatomical), or functional (emotional or psychological) factors leading to DYSPHONIA; APHONIA; and defects in VOICE QUALITY, loudness, and pitch.	0	3.34	1	1
Poultry Diseases Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.	0	3.55	9	0
Bronchial Pneumonia [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Retinal Diseases Diseases involving the RETINA.	0	1.95	1	0
Otitis Media, Purulent [description not available]	0	3.37	1	1
Otitis Media, Suppurative Inflammation of the middle ear with purulent discharge.	0	3.37	1	1
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	0	2.89	4	0
Cryptosporidium Infection [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Infection, Toxoplasma gondii [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Infection, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Cryptosporidiosis Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms include severe DIARRHEA.	0	1.98	1	0
Toxoplasmosis The acquired form of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in animals and man.	0	1.98	1	0
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection A nontuberculous infection when occurring in humans. It is characterized by pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis in children, and systemic disease in AIDS patients. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection of birds and swine results in tuberculosis.	0	1.98	1	0
Injuries, Radiation [description not available]	0	4.27	4	1
Kahler Disease [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Multiple Myeloma A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.	1	3.98	1	0
Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	0	2.89	4	0
Primary Peritonitis [description not available]	0	4.85	8	1
Peritonitis INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs.	0	4.85	8	1
Uremia A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms.	0	2.65	3	0
Blood Diseases [description not available]	0	3.75	2	1
Hematologic Diseases Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.	0	3.75	2	1
Cochlear Hearing Loss [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural Hearing loss resulting from damage to the COCHLEA and the sensorineural elements which lie internally beyond the oval and round windows. These elements include the AUDITORY NERVE and its connections in the BRAINSTEM.	0	1.98	1	0
Adenoma, beta-Cell [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Cancer of Pancreas [description not available]	0	2.39	2	0
Insulinoma A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS. Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.	0	2.39	2	0
Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).	0	2.39	2	0
Ectopic Ossification [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Amnionitis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Chorioamnionitis INFLAMMATION of the placental membranes (CHORION; AMNION) and connected tissues such as fetal BLOOD VESSELS and UMBILICAL CORD. It is often associated with intrauterine ascending infections during PREGNANCY.	0	1.98	1	0
Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture Spontaneous tearing of the membranes surrounding the FETUS any time before the onset of OBSTETRIC LABOR. Preterm PROM is membrane rupture before 37 weeks of GESTATION.	0	1.98	1	0
Anoxemia [description not available]	0	3.8	4	0
Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.	0	3.8	4	0
Autoimmune Diabetes [description not available]	0	4.07	3	1
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.	0	4.07	3	1
Nasal Polyps Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations.	0	1.98	1	0
Cerebral Ischemia [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.	0	1.99	1	0
Cancer of Larynx [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
Cancer of Pharynx [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
Sore Throat [description not available]	0	2.87	4	0
Laryngeal Neoplasms Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.	0	2.66	3	0
Pharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PHARYNX.	0	2.66	3	0
Pharyngitis Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).	0	2.87	4	0
Laryngeal Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LARYNX which coordinates many functions such as voice production, breathing, swallowing, and coughing.	0	3.05	5	0
Infantile Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.91	1	0
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn A condition of the newborn marked by DYSPNEA with CYANOSIS, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing cause.	0	2.91	1	0
Itching [description not available]	0	5.17	4	3
Pruritus An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.	0	5.17	4	3
Breathing Sounds [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
Respiratory Sounds Noises, normal and abnormal, heard on auscultation over any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT.	0	1.99	1	0
B16 Melanoma [description not available]	0	1.99	1	0
MODS [description not available]	0	4.34	2	2
Multiple Organ Failure A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury or postoperative.	0	4.34	2	2
Dermatitis Seborrheica [description not available]	0	4.95	9	1
Dermatitis, Seborrheic A chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with unknown etiology. It is characterized by moderate ERYTHEMA, dry, moist, or greasy (SEBACEOUS GLAND) scaling and yellow crusted patches on various areas, especially the scalp, that exfoliate as dandruff. Seborrheic dermatitis is common in children and adolescents with HIV INFECTIONS.	0	4.95	9	1
Colitis Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.	0	2	1	0
Hand Dermatosis [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
Hand Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the HANDS.	0	2.66	3	0
Eczema, Atopic [description not available]	0	3.06	5	0
Dermatitis, Atopic A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.	0	3.06	5	0
Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.	0	2.37	2	0
Sicca Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.79	4	0
Sjogren's Syndrome Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid arthritis.	0	3.79	4	0
Cancer, Second Primary [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Abscess, Retropharyngeal [description not available]	0	2	1	0
Starvation Lengthy and continuous deprivation of food. (Stedman, 25th ed)	0	2	1	0
Tracheitis INFLAMMATION of the TRACHEA that is usually associated with RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS.	0	2	1	0
Carboxylase Deficiency, Combined [description not available]	0	3.39	1	1
Male Genitourinary Diseases [description not available]	0	3.39	1	1
Female Genitourinary Diseases [description not available]	0	3.39	1	1
Facial Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the FACE.	0	2.37	2	0
Cervix Diseases [description not available]	0	3.77	2	1
Odontalgia [description not available]	0	3.39	1	1
Toothache Pain in the adjacent areas of the teeth.	0	3.39	1	1
Dermatitis, Occupational A recurrent contact dermatitis caused by substances found in the work place.	0	3.27	2	0
Remission, Spontaneous A spontaneous diminution or abatement of a disease over time, without formal treatment.	0	6.1	7	5
Bacteroides Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus BACTEROIDES.	0	3.34	1	1
Cronobacter Infections [description not available]	0	4.03	3	1
Enterobacteriaceae Infections Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE.	0	4.03	3	1
Anal Fistula [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	0	3.34	1	1
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation.	0	3.34	1	1
Acariasis [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Dermatitis, Eczematous [description not available]	0	6.87	10	3
Lichen Simplex Chronicus [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Eczema A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th ed).	0	6.87	10	3
Neurodermatitis An extremely variable eczematous skin disease that is presumed to be a response to prolonged vigorous scratching, rubbing, or pinching to relieve intense pruritus. It varies in intensity, severity, course, and morphologic expression in different individuals. Neurodermatitis is believed by some to be psychogenic. The circumscribed or localized form is often referred to as lichen simplex chronicus.	0	2.35	2	0
Arthus Phenomenon [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Black Piedra [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.	0	2.36	2	0
Phlegmon [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Cellulitis An acute, diffuse, and suppurative inflammation of loose connective tissue, particularly the deep subcutaneous tissues, and sometimes muscle, which is most commonly seen as a result of infection of a wound, ulcer, or other skin lesions.	0	2.35	2	0
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergilloses [description not available]	0	2.66	3	0
Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary Hypersensitivity reaction (ALLERGIC REACTION) to fungus ASPERGILLUS in an individual with long-standing BRONCHIAL ASTHMA. It is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates, EOSINOPHILIA, elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, and skin reactivity to Aspergillus antigen.	0	2.66	3	0
Colonic Diseases, Functional Chronic or recurrent colonic disorders without an identifiable structural or biochemical explanation. The widely recognized IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME falls into this category.	0	3.34	1	1
Pleural Diseases Diseases involving the PLEURA.	0	3.04	5	0
Leukemia L 1210 [description not available]	0	2.37	2	0
Cell Transformation, Viral An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.	0	1.95	1	0
Antibody Deficiency Syndrome [description not available]	0	5.36	10	0
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Syndromes in which there is a deficiency or defect in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral.	0	5.36	10	0
Nutritional Disorders [description not available]	0	2.65	3	0
Histomoniasis [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Nutrition Disorders Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either overnutrition or undernutrition.	0	2.65	3	0
Cerebromeningitis [description not available]	0	2.36	2	0
Colitis, Granulomatous [description not available]	0	4.44	5	1
Crohn Disease A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients.	0	4.44	5	1
Ovine Diseases [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Tongue, Hairy A benign condition of the tongue characterized by hypertrophy of the filiform papillae that give the dorsum of the tongue a furry appearance. The color of the elongated papillae varies from yellowish white to brown or black, depending upon staining by substances such as tobacco, food, or drugs. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.95	1	0
Hospital-Acquired Condition [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Infective Endocarditis [description not available]	0	3.97	5	0
Bone Inflammation [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Endocarditis Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening.	0	3.97	5	0
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Abnormality, Heart [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Mediastinitis Inflammation of the mediastinum, the area between the pleural sacs.	0	1.95	1	0
Heart Defects, Congenital Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.	0	1.95	1	0
Hemorrhoids Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms which include bleeding, itching, and pain.	0	2.36	2	0
Proctitis INFLAMMATION of the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the RECTUM, the distal end of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	0	2.35	2	0
Aortic Aneurysm, Ruptured [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Eye Foreign Bodies Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the eye.	0	1.95	1	0
Ankylosing Spondylarthritis [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Spondylitis, Ankylosing A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with inflammation at tendon insertions.	0	1.95	1	0
Dental Occlusion, Traumatic An occlusion resulting in overstrain and injury to teeth, periodontal tissue, or other oral structures.	0	1.95	1	0
Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Chromosomal Translocation [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Corynebacterium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CORYNEBACTERIUM.	0	2.35	2	0
Ureteral Obstruction Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy.	0	1.95	1	0
Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup A [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Fulminant Meningococcal Sepsis with Adrenal Apoplexy [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Meningitis, Meningococcal A fulminant infection of the meninges and subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS, producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor, focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults. Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr 1998 Feb;10(1):13-8)	0	1.95	1	0
Psychophysiologic Disorders A group of disorders characterized by physical symptoms that are affected by emotional factors and involve a single organ system, usually under AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM control. (American Psychiatric Glossary, 1988)	0	1.95	1	0
Leukemia, Acute Monocytic [description not available]	0	3.74	2	1
Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute An acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage including monoblasts, promonocytes, and MONOCYTES.	0	3.74	2	1
Infections, Klebsiella [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Klebsiella Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA.	0	1.95	1	0
Anemia, Macrocytic Anemia characterized by larger than normal erythrocytes, increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH).	0	1.95	1	0
Addison's Anemia [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Fetal Death Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.	0	1.95	1	0
Bile Duct Obstruction [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Cholestasis Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).	0	1.95	1	0
Heart Valve Diseases Pathological conditions involving any of the various HEART VALVES and the associated structures (PAPILLARY MUSCLES and CHORDAE TENDINEAE).	0	3.27	2	0
Staphylococcal Pneumonia [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Pneumonia, Staphylococcal Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.	0	1.95	1	0
Carcinoma, Intraepithelial [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Condition, Preneoplastic [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Carcinoma in Situ A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane.	0	1.95	1	0
Precancerous Conditions Pathological conditions that tend eventually to become malignant.	0	1.95	1	0
Lymphogranuloma Inguinale [description not available]	0	3.27	2	0
Fistula Abnormal communication most commonly seen between two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface of the body.	0	1.95	1	0
Bronchial Fistula An abnormal passage or communication between a bronchus and another part of the body.	0	1.95	1	0
Muscle Disorders [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Bone Diseases Diseases of BONES.	0	1.95	1	0
Muscular Diseases Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.	0	1.95	1	0
Encephalopathy, Hepatic [description not available]	0	3.36	1	1
Liver Dysfunction [description not available]	0	3.36	1	1
Hepatic Encephalopathy A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)	0	3.36	1	1
Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER.	0	3.36	1	1
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available]	0	3.36	1	1
Respiratory Distress Syndrome A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.	0	3.36	1	1
Carditis [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Myocarditis Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.	0	1.98	1	0
Hypospermatogenesis [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Alveolar Bone Atrophy [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Nail Diseases Diseases of the nail plate and tissues surrounding it. The concept is limited to primates.	0	1.97	1	0
Achalasia [description not available]	0	1.97	1	0
Esophageal Achalasia A motility disorder of the ESOPHAGUS in which the LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER (near the CARDIA) fails to relax resulting in functional obstruction of the esophagus, and DYSPHAGIA. Achalasia is characterized by a grossly contorted and dilated esophagus (megaesophagus).	0	1.97	1	0
Infections, Staphylococcal Skin [description not available]	0	3.35	1	1
Staphylococcal Skin Infections Infections to the skin caused by bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.	0	3.35	1	1
Ischemia A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.	0	2.66	3	0
Scalp Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the SCALP.	0	2.64	3	0
Respiratory Tract Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.	0	3.35	1	1
Pyrexia [description not available]	0	4.25	4	1
Fever An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.	0	4.25	4	1
Injuries, Eye [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Eye Injuries Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular injuries.	0	2.64	3	0
Haemophilus Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.	0	4.44	5	0
Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.	0	1.97	1	0
Cancer of Esophagus [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Esophageal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.	0	1.96	1	0
Genital Herpes [description not available]	0	1.96	1	0
Herpes Genitalis Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.	0	1.96	1	0
Pleurisy INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN.	0	1.96	1	0
Adenoma, Prostatic [description not available]	0	5.14	6	2
Prostatic Hyperplasia Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both.	0	5.14	6	2
Amaurosis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Neuroretinitis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Abscess Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection.	0	2.64	3	0
Blindness The inability to see or the loss or absence of perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE.	0	1.94	1	0
Retinitis Inflammation of the RETINA. It is rarely limited to the retina, but is commonly associated with diseases of the choroid (CHORIORETINITIS) and of the OPTIC DISK (neuroretinitis).	0	1.94	1	0
Tendinitis Inflammation of TENDONS. It is characterized by the degeneration of tendons accompanied by an inflammatory repair response, fibroblastic proliferation, and formation of granulation tissue. Tendinitis is not a clinical diagnosis and can be confirmed only by histopathological findings.	0	1.95	1	0
Tendinopathy Clinical syndrome describing overuse tendon injuries characterized by a combination of PAIN, diffuse or localized swelling, and impaired performance.	0	1.95	1	0
Trypanosomiasis, Bovine Infection in cattle caused by various species of trypanosomes.	0	1.94	1	0
Abortion, Septic Any type of abortion, induced or spontaneous, that is associated with infection of the UTERUS and its appendages. It is characterized by FEVER, uterine tenderness, and foul discharge.	0	2.35	2	0
Cyanosis A bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to an increase in the amount of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood or a structural defect in the hemoglobin molecule.	0	2.34	2	0
Distorted Hearing [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Ectopic Pregnancy [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Pregnancy, Ectopic A potentially life-threatening condition in which EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs outside the cavity of the UTERUS. Most ectopic pregnancies (	0	1.94	1	0
Alopecia Cicatrisata [description not available]	0	3.26	2	0
Impotence [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Mange, Sarcoptic [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Alopecia Absence of hair from areas where it is normally present.	0	3.26	2	0
Erectile Dysfunction The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.	0	2.86	1	0
Keloid A sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar resulting from formation of excessive amounts of collagen in the dermis during connective tissue repair. It is differentiated from a hypertrophic scar (CICATRIX, HYPERTROPHIC) in that the former does not spread to surrounding tissues.	0	2.86	1	0
Scabies A contagious cutaneous inflammation caused by the bite of the mite SARCOPTES SCABIEI. It is characterized by pruritic papular eruptions and burrows and affects primarily the axillae, elbows, wrists, and genitalia, although it can spread to cover the entire body.	0	2.86	1	0
Abscess, Hepatic [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Liver Abscess Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the liver as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other agents.	0	1.94	1	0
Allergy, Food [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Airway Hyper-Responsiveness [description not available]	0	3.55	3	0
Food Hypersensitivity Gastrointestinal disturbances, skin eruptions, or shock due to allergic reactions to allergens in food.	0	2.35	2	0
Xeroderma [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Erythrocytosis [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Ichthyosis Any of several generalized skin disorders characterized by dryness, roughness, and scaliness, due to hypertrophy of the stratum corneum epidermis. Most are genetic, but some are acquired, developing in association with other systemic disease or genetic syndrome.	0	2.86	1	0
Pruritus Vulvae Intense itching of the external female genitals.	0	3.73	2	1
Pruritus Ani Intense chronic itching in the anal area.	0	4.02	3	1
Glandular Fever [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Peripheral Nerve Diseases [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Infectious Mononucleosis A common, acute infection usually caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN). There is an increase in mononuclear white blood cells and other atypical lymphocytes, generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and occasionally hepatomegaly with hepatitis.	0	2.34	2	0
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.	0	1.94	1	0
Herpes Zoster, Ocular [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus Virus infection of the Gasserian ganglion and its nerve branches characterized by pain and vesicular eruptions with much swelling. Ocular involvement is usually heralded by a vesicle on the tip of the nose. This area is innervated by the nasociliary nerve.	0	1.94	1	0
Keratoconus A noninflammatory, usually bilateral protrusion of the cornea, the apex being displaced downward and nasally. It occurs most commonly in females at about puberty. The cause is unknown but hereditary factors may play a role. The -conus refers to the cone shape of the corneal protrusion. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.94	1	0
Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.	0	1.94	1	0
Pleuropericarditis Inflammation of both the PERICARDIUM and the PLEURA.	0	1.94	1	0
Pus [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Pericarditis Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM from various origins, such as infection, neoplasm, autoimmune process, injuries, or drug-induced. Pericarditis usually leads to PERICARDIAL EFFUSION, or CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS.	0	1.94	1	0
Breathlessness [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Alveolar Proteinoses, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Dyspnea Difficult or labored breathing.	0	2.63	3	0
Pleural Effusion Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting from excessive transudation or exudation from the pleural surfaces. It is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis in itself.	0	2.34	2	0
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis A PULMONARY ALVEOLI-filling disease, characterized by dense phospholipoproteinaceous deposits in the alveoli, cough, and DYSPNEA. This disease is often related to, congenital or acquired, impaired processing of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS by alveolar macrophages, a process dependent on GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR.	0	1.94	1	0
Ornithosis [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Egyptian Ophthalmia [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Blennorrhea, Inclusion [description not available]	0	2.86	1	0
Conjunctivitis, Inclusion An infection of the eyes characterized by the presence in conjunctival epithelial cells of inclusion bodies indistinguishable from those of trachoma. It is acquired by infants during birth and by adults from swimming pools. The etiological agent is CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS whose natural habitat appears to be the genito-urinary tract. Inclusion conjunctivitis is a less severe disease than trachoma and usually clears up spontaneously.	0	2.86	1	0
Psittacosis Infection with CHLAMYDOPHILA PSITTACI (formerly Chlamydia psittaci), transmitted to humans by inhalation of dust-borne contaminated nasal secretions or excreta of infected BIRDS. This infection results in a febrile illness characterized by PNEUMONITIS and systemic manifestations.	0	2.86	1	0
Gastroenteritis INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER.	0	2.35	2	0
Hematuria Presence of blood in the urine.	0	1.94	1	0
Melena The black, tarry, foul-smelling FECES that contain degraded blood.	0	1.94	1	0
Athlete's Foot [description not available]	0	3.04	5	0
Tinea Pedis Dermatological pruritic lesion in the feet, caused by Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton floccosum.	0	3.04	5	0
Perforated Appendicitis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Appendicitis Acute inflammation of the APPENDIX. Acute appendicitis is classified as simple, gangrenous, or perforated.	0	1.94	1	0
Bacteriuria The presence of bacteria in the urine which is normally bacteria-free. These bacteria are from the URINARY TRACT and are not contaminants of the surrounding tissues. Bacteriuria can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Significant bacteriuria is an indicator of urinary tract infection.	0	2.35	2	0
Leg Ulcer Ulceration of the skin and underlying structures of the lower extremity. About 90% of the cases are due to venous insufficiency (VARICOSE ULCER), 5% to arterial disease, and the remaining 5% to other causes.	0	2.35	2	0
Spasmophilia [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Hypocalcemia Reduction of the blood calcium below normal. Manifestations include hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, Chvostek's sign, muscle and abdominal cramps, and carpopedal spasm. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.95	1	0
Actinomycetoma [description not available]	0	3.77	4	0
Mycetoma A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes (actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses, and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens, such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with different grain colors.	0	3.77	4	0
Eyelid Neoplasms Tumors of cancer of the EYELIDS.	0	1.94	1	0
Angioneurotic Edema [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Hives [description not available]	0	2.64	3	0
Angioedema Swelling involving the deep DERMIS, subcutaneous, or submucosal tissues, representing localized EDEMA. Angioedema often occurs in the face, lips, tongue, and larynx.	0	1.94	1	0
Urticaria A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy, infection, or stress.	0	2.64	3	0
Central Nervous System Disease [description not available]	0	3.27	2	0
Central Nervous System Diseases Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord.	0	3.27	2	0
Penile Diseases Pathological processes involving the PENIS or its component tissues.	0	3.33	1	1
Diseases of Endocrine System [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Endocrine System Diseases Pathological processes of the ENDOCRINE GLANDS, and diseases resulting from abnormal level of available HORMONES.	0	1.95	1	0
Necrotizing Pyelonephritis [description not available]	0	3.78	4	0
Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA.	0	3.78	4	0
Tuberculosis, Urogenital A general term for MYCOBACTERIUM infections of any part of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.	0	1.95	1	0
Hymenolepiasis Infection with tapeworms of the genus Hymenolepis.	0	1.95	1	0
Malabsorption Syndromes General term for a group of MALNUTRITION syndromes caused by failure of normal INTESTINAL ABSORPTION of nutrients.	0	1.95	1	0
Anuria Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete lower urinary tract obstruction, or unilateral ureteral obstruction when a solitary kidney is present.	0	1.95	1	0
Indigestion [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Infantile Diarrhea [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Diarrhea, Infantile DIARRHEA occurring in infants from newborn to 24-months old.	0	1.95	1	0
Dyspepsia Impaired digestion, especially after eating.	0	1.95	1	0
Erythrasma A chronic bacterial infection of major folds of the skin, caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum.	0	3.33	1	1
Prurigo A name applied to several itchy skin eruptions of unknown cause. The characteristic course is the formation of a dome-shaped papule with a small transient vesicle on top, followed by crusting over or lichenification. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.94	1	0
Pulmonary Hypertension [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Mitral Incompetence [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Hypertension, Pulmonary Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.	0	1.95	1	0
Mitral Valve Insufficiency Backflow of blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the LEFT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the MITRAL VALVE. This can lead to mitral valve regurgitation.	0	1.95	1	0
Fowl Paralysis [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Kraurosis Vulvae [description not available]	0	1.95	1	0
Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus Atrophy and shriveling of the SKIN of the VULVA that is characterized by the whitish LICHEN SCLEROSUS appearance, inflammation, and PRURITUS.	0	1.95	1	0
Myelopathy [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Arachnoid Membrane Inflammation [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Osteomyelitis INFLAMMATION of the bone as a result of infection. It may be caused by a variety of infectious agents, especially pyogenic (PUS - producing) BACTERIA.	0	1.94	1	0
Spinal Cord Diseases Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord.	0	1.94	1	0
Furrow Keratitis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Chromoblastomycosis Scaly papule or warty growth, caused by five fungi, that spreads as a result of satellite lesions affecting the foot or leg. The extremity may become swollen and, at its distal portion, covered with various nodular, tumorous, verrucous lesions that resemble cauliflower. In rare instances, the disease may begin on the hand or wrist and involve the entire upper extremity. (Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p362)	0	3.26	2	0
Pityriasis A name originally applied to a group of skin diseases characterized by the formation of fine, branny scales, but now used only with a modifier. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	2.86	1	0
Rhinosporidiosis Chronic, localized granulomatous infection of mucocutaneous tissues, especially the NOSE, and characterized by HYPERPLASIA and the development of POLYPS. It is found in humans and other animals and is caused by the mesomycetozoean organism RHINOSPORIDIUM SEEBERI.	0	2.86	1	0
Keratoderma Blennorrhagicum [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Keratosis Any horny growth such as a wart or callus.	0	2.63	3	0
Cancer of the Vagina [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Vaginal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the VAGINA.	0	1.94	1	0
Infections, Meningococcal [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Meningococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the species NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS.	0	1.94	1	0
Buerger Disease [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Acidosis, Diabetic [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Diabetic Ketoacidosis A life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, primarily of TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS with severe INSULIN deficiency and extreme HYPERGLYCEMIA. It is characterized by KETOSIS; DEHYDRATION; and depressed consciousness leading to COMA.	0	1.94	1	0
Cancer of Mediastinum [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Carcinoma, Thymic [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Mediastinal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the MEDIASTINUM.	0	1.94	1	0
Thymoma A neoplasm originating from thymic tissue, usually benign, and frequently encapsulated. Although it is occasionally invasive, metastases are extremely rare. It consists of any type of thymic epithelial cell as well as lymphocytes that are usually abundant. Malignant lymphomas that involve the thymus, e.g., lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease (previously termed granulomatous thymoma), should not be regarded as thymoma. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	0	1.94	1	0
Anterior Optic Neuritis [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Day Blindness [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Optic Neuritis Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis).	0	1.94	1	0
Adamantiades-Behcet Disease [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Genital Warts [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Cold Sore [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Hypomenorrhea [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Behcet Syndrome Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as well.	0	1.94	1	0
Condylomata Acuminata Sexually transmitted form of anogenital warty growth caused by the human papillomaviruses.	0	1.94	1	0
Herpes Labialis Herpes simplex, caused by type 1 virus, primarily spread by oral secretions and usually occurring as a concomitant of fever. It may also develop in the absence of fever or prior illness. It commonly involves the facial region, especially the lips and the nares. (Dorland, 27th ed.)	0	1.94	1	0
Polyploid [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Adnexitis Inflammation of the uterine appendages (ADNEXA UTERI) including infection of the FALLOPIAN TUBES (SALPINGITIS), the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), or the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS).	0	1.94	1	0
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease A spectrum of inflammation involving the female upper genital tract and the supporting tissues. It is usually caused by an ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix. Infection may be confined to the uterus (ENDOMETRITIS), the FALLOPIAN TUBES; (SALPINGITIS); the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS), or may involve several of the above uterine appendages. Such inflammation can lead to functional impairment and infertility.	0	1.94	1	0
Diseases, Occupational [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Diabetic Angiopathies VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS.	0	1.94	1	0
Xanthoma [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Pyoderma Any purulent skin disease (Dorland, 27th ed).	0	1.94	1	0
Skin Manifestations Dermatologic disorders attendant upon non-dermatologic disease or injury.	0	1.94	1	0
Besnier-Boeck Disease [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Sarcoidosis An idiopathic systemic inflammatory granulomatous disorder comprised of epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells with little necrosis. It usually invades the lungs with fibrosis and may also involve lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes, phalangeal bones, and parotid glands.	0	1.94	1	0
Autolysis, Dental Pulp [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Embolism, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Pulmonary Embolism Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.	0	1.94	1	0
Chorioretinitis Inflammation of the choroid in which the sensory retina becomes edematous and opaque. The inflammatory cells and exudate may burst through the sensory retina to cloud the vitreous body.	0	1.94	1	0
Iritis Inflammation of the iris characterized by circumcorneal injection, aqueous flare, keratotic precipitates, and constricted and sluggish pupil along with discoloration of the iris.	0	2.35	2	0
Stunted Growth [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Growth Disorders Deviations from the average values for a specific age and sex in any or all of the following: height, weight, skeletal proportions, osseous development, or maturation of features. Included here are both acceleration and retardation of growth.	0	1.94	1	0
Obstructive Lung Diseases [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Lung Diseases, Obstructive Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent.	0	1.94	1	0
Nasal Catarrh [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Rhinitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.	0	1.94	1	0
Anorectal Diseases [description not available]	0	3.32	1	1
Rectal Diseases Pathological developments in the RECTUM region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	0	3.32	1	1
Deficiency, Vitamin B [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Vitamin B Deficiency A condition due to deficiency in any member of the VITAMIN B COMPLEX. These B vitamins are water-soluble and must be obtained from the diet because they are easily lost in the urine. Unlike the lipid-soluble vitamins, they cannot be stored in the body fat.	0	1.94	1	0
Cancer of Lip [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Cancer of the Tonsil [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Tonsillar Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PALATINE TONSIL.	0	1.94	1	0
Cancer of Intestines [description not available]	0	2.34	2	0
Intestinal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES.	0	2.34	2	0
Dysentery, Shiga bacillus [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Bouillaud Disease [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Infections, Proteus [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Dysentery, Bacillary DYSENTERY caused by gram-negative rod-shaped enteric bacteria (ENTEROBACTERIACEAE), most often by the genus SHIGELLA. Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups according to syndrome severity and the infectious species. Group A: SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE (severest); Group B: SHIGELLA FLEXNERI; Group C: SHIGELLA BOYDII; and Group D: SHIGELLA SONNEI (mildest).	0	1.94	1	0
Rheumatic Heart Disease Cardiac manifestation of systemic rheumatological conditions, such as RHEUMATIC FEVER. Rheumatic heart disease can involve any part the heart, most often the HEART VALVES and the ENDOCARDIUM.	0	1.94	1	0
Blood Protein Disorders Hematologic diseases caused by structural or functional defects of BLOOD PROTEINS.	0	1.94	1	0
Petechiae Pinhead size (3 mm) skin discolorization due to hemorrhage.	0	1.94	1	0
Purpura Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage into the tissues. When the size of the discolorization is	0	1.94	1	0
Hemoptysis Expectoration or spitting of blood originating from any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, usually from hemorrhage in the lung parenchyma (PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and the BRONCHIAL ARTERIES.	0	2.35	2	0
Empyema, Pleural, Tuberculous [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Urination Disorders Abnormalities in the process of URINE voiding, including bladder control, frequency of URINATION, as well as the volume and composition of URINE.	0	1.94	1	0
Abscess, Periapical [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Anesthesia A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.	0	1.94	1	0
Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial A form of ACTINOMYCOSIS characterized by slow-growing inflammatory lesions of the lymph nodes that drain the mouth (lumpy jaw), reddening of the overlying skin, and intraperitoneal abscesses.	0	2.35	2	0
Dermatomyositis, Adult Type [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Eyelid Diseases Diseases involving the EYELIDS.	0	1.94	1	0
Dermatomyositis A subacute or chronic inflammatory disease of muscle and skin, marked by proximal muscle weakness and a characteristic skin rash. The illness occurs with approximately equal frequency in children and adults. The skin lesions usually take the form of a purplish rash (or less often an exfoliative dermatitis) involving the nose, cheeks, forehead, upper trunk, and arms. The disease is associated with a complement mediated intramuscular microangiopathy, leading to loss of capillaries, muscle ischemia, muscle-fiber necrosis, and perifascicular atrophy. The childhood form of this disease tends to evolve into a systemic vasculitis. Dermatomyositis may occur in association with malignant neoplasms. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1405-6)	0	1.94	1	0
Plica Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.35	2	0
Synovitis Inflammation of the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE.	0	2.35	2	0
Fallot's Tetralogy [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Chylothorax The presence of chyle in the thoracic cavity. (Dorland, 27th ed)	0	1.94	1	0
Empyema Presence of pus in a hollow organ or body cavity.	0	1.94	1	0
Tetralogy of Fallot A combination of congenital heart defects consisting of four key features including VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS; PULMONARY STENOSIS; RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; and a dextro-positioned AORTA. In this condition, blood from both ventricles (oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor) is pumped into the body often causing CYANOSIS.	0	1.94	1	0
Besnoitiasis [description not available]	0	2.63	3	0
Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Primary Myelofibrosis A de novo myeloproliferation arising from an abnormal stem cell. It is characterized by the replacement of bone marrow by fibrous tissue, a process that is mediated by CYTOKINES arising from the abnormal clone.	0	1.94	1	0
Blepharitis Inflammation of the eyelids.	0	1.94	1	0
Eosinophilia, Tropical [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Phlegmasia Alba Dolens Inflammation that is characterized by swollen, pale, and painful limb. It is usually caused by DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS in a FEMORAL VEIN, following PARTURITION or an illness. This condition is also called milk leg or white leg.	0	1.94	1	0
Autosomal Chromosome Disorders [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Eosinophilia Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.	0	1.94	1	0
Thrombophlebitis Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot (THROMBUS).	0	1.94	1	0
Zoonoses Diseases of non-human animals that may be transmitted to HUMANS or may be transmitted from humans to non-human animals.	0	1.94	1	0
Rodent Diseases Diseases of rodents of the order RODENTIA. This term includes diseases of Sciuridae (squirrels), Geomyidae (gophers), Heteromyidae (pouched mice), Castoridae (beavers), Cricetidae (rats and mice), Muridae (Old World rats and mice), Erethizontidae (porcupines), and Caviidae (guinea pigs).	0	1.94	1	0
Eosinophilic Granuloma The most benign and common form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis which involves localized nodular lesions predominantly of the bones but also of the gastric mucosa, small intestine, lungs, or skin, with infiltration by EOSINOPHILS.	0	1.94	1	0
Granulomatosis, Wegener's [description not available]	0	1.94	1	0
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis A multisystemic disease of a complex genetic background. It is characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels (VASCULITIS) leading to damage in any number of organs. The common features include granulomatous inflammation of the RESPIRATORY TRACT and KIDNEYS. Most patients have measurable autoantibodies (ANTINEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES) against MYELOBLASTIN.	0	1.94	1	0

nystatin a1

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (22)

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Drug Classes (1)

Bioassays (1000)

Research

Studies (3,261)

Study Types

nystatin a1

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (22)

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Drug Classes (1)

Bioassays (1000)

Research

Studies (3,261)

Study Types

Related Drugs (2,031)

Related Conditions (1,060)