Page last updated: 2024-08-05 14:32:39

dermatologic drug

A drug used to treat or prevent skin disorders or for the routine care of skin.

ChEBI ID: 50177

Members (21)

MemberDefinitionClass
adapaleneA naphthoic acid that is CD437 in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been converted to its methyl ether.adapalene
aminolevulinic acidThe simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.5-aminolevulinic acid; 5-ammoniolevulinate
aminolevulinic acid hydrochlorideA hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride of 5-aminolevulinic acid. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride
azelaic acidAn alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is heptane substituted at positions 1 and 7 by carboxy groups.nonanedioic acid
chloroquineAn aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.chloroquine
cyclosporineA cyclic nonribosomal peptide of eleven amino acids; an immunosuppressant drug widely used in post-allogeneic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient's immune system, and therefore the risk of organ rejection. Also causes reversible inhibition of immunocompetent lymphocytes in the G0- and G1-phase of the cell cycle.cyclosporin A
fluticasone propionateA trifluorinated corticosteroid that consists of 6alpha,9-difluoro-11beta,17alpha-dihydroxy-17beta-{[(fluoromethyl)sulfanyl]carbonyl}-16-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene bearing a propionyl substituent at position 17; has anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic and anti-allergic activity.fluticasone propionate
hydrocortisone-17-butyrateCortisol esterified with butyric acid at the 17-hydroxy group.cortisol 17-butyrate
hydroxychloroquineAn aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.hydroxychloroquine
hydroxyzineA N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.hydroxyzine
melanotan-1A polypeptide comprising of 13 amino acids which is an analogue of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone. It is approved as a dermatologic drug for the prevention of phototoxicity in adult patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria.afamelanotide
methotrexatemethotrexate
methoxsalenA member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.methoxsalen
methyl 5-aminolevulinateThe methyl ester of 5-aminolevulinic acid. A prodrug, it is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photosensitizer, and is used in the photodynamic treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer (including basal cell carcinoma). Topical application (often as the hydrochloride salt) results in an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX in the skin lesions to which the cream has been applied. Subsequent illumination with red light results in the generation of toxic singlet oxygen that destroys cell membranes and thereby kills the tumour cells.methyl 5-aminolevulinate
methyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochlorideThe hydrochloride salt of methyl 5-aminolevulinate. A prodrug, it is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photosensitizer, and is used in the photodynamic treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer (including basal cell carcinoma). Topical application results in an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX in the skin lesions to which the cream has been applied. Subsequent illumination with red light results in the generation of toxic singlet oxygen that destroys cell membranes and thereby kills the tumour cells.methyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride
monobenzoneThe monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone. It is used as a topical drug for medical depigmentation.monobenzone
msh, 4-nle-7-phe-alpha-A polypeptide comprising of 13 amino acids which is an analogue of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone. It is approved as a dermatologic drug for the prevention of phototoxicity in adult patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria.afamelanotide
oxybenzoneA hydroxybenzophenone that is benzophenone which is substituted at the 2- and 4-positions of one of the benzene rings by hydroxy and methoxy groups respectively.oxybenzone
resorcinol monoacetateA member of the class of phenols that is resorcinol in which one of the phenolic hydroxy groups has been converted into its acetate ester. It has keratolytic properties and has been used for the treatment of acne.resorcinol monoacetate
sulfapyridineA sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.sulfapyridine
trioxsalen7H-Furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which positions 2, 5, and 9 are substituted by methyl groups. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo. After photoactivation it creates interstrand cross-links in DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell division, and can lead to cell injury; recovery from the cell injury may be followed by increased melanisation of the epidermis.trioxsalen

Research

Studies (70,830)

TimeframeStudies, Drugs with This Role(%)All Drugs %
pre-199021,738 (30.69)18.7374
1990's11,420 (16.12)18.2507
2000's12,721 (17.96)29.6817
2010's16,672 (23.54)24.3611
2020's8,279 (11.69)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeStudies, Drugs with this Role (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials8,570 (10.95%)5.53%
Reviews7,723 (9.87%)6.00%
Case Studies10,340 (13.21%)4.05%
Observational582 (0.74%)0.25%
Other51,039 (65.22%)84.16%

Protein Targets (364)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.897415
15-lipoxygenase, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.000011
67.9K proteinVaccinia virusPotency1.486328
acetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)Potency52.010125
acid sphingomyelinaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
activating transcription factor 6Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.233813
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.183417
alpha-galactosidaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.622212
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.72541267
aryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.5305213
arylsulfatase AHomo sapiens (human)Potency37.933011
ATAD5 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.304135
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.171825
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinaseTrypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927Potency18.179623
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.853626
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.696323
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2BHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.369914
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine proteaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency4.235511
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.848911
caspase-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency4.235511
Caspase-7Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.848911
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency8.6642313
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.100022
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate OxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.779115
Chain A, Beta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12Potency21.451424
Chain A, CruzipainTrypanosoma cruziPotency21.161312
Chain A, Ferritin light chainEquus caballus (horse)Potency19.947026
Chain A, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.335724
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency51.557724
Chain B, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
chromobox protein homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency87.268226
ClpPBacillus subtilisPotency23.735812
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency3.906513
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.917715
cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.289814
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency8.800612
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency11.8501213
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency9.0426210
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.6166110
DNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)Homo sapiens (human)Potency73.582613
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency36.469013
dopamine D1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency4.610911
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.53001290
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.729037
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.4934968
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.056216
EWS/FLI fusion proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.9733422
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.368539
flap endonuclease 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency69.621912
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency17.917715
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.288117
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.824629
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.5483212
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency4.590313
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.7920311
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.141818
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chainHomo sapiens (human)Potency5.011911
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.292512
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency26.777622
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency25.904214
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.680225
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency33.9870210
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.917715
huntingtin isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency11.220211
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunitHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.199223
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.000022
IDH1Homo sapiens (human)Potency0.005211
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency112.202011
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.9177110
Integrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.100011
Integrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency0.100011
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.2375310
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency7.6793211
lethal factor (plasmid)Bacillus anthracis str. A2012Potency31.622811
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency22.9289310
M-phase phosphoprotein 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency79.432811
Microtubule-associated protein tauHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.886524
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.314813
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency60.257034
NFKB1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.002822
nonstructural protein 1Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1))Potency2.410812
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency4.466811
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.5703419
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency4.873825
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.313811
Nuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.455612
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency35.481311
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency1.584911
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.9208338
P53Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency37.026422
peripheral myelin protein 22Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.847526
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency95.283411
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency8.3066514
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.438448
phosphopantetheinyl transferaseBacillus subtilisPotency17.970713
plasminogen precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency7.550612
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.300112
PPM1D proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency4.250112
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.1270319
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.470739
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.511911
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency15.0267227
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.4950327
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.5904418
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.539111
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.539111
Smad3Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.981111
snurportin-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency112.202011
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusPotency19.555914
survival motor neuron protein isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.004413
TAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)Potency6.811814
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.4003219
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency29.102036
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency9.7605316
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.1380511
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency7.550612
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency7.550612
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency138.393924
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency26.832522
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.958359
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRAHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency15.141818

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
10 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC503.600022
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC502.300011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.001111
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.050011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)IC502.356011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.014622
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.234011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)IC502.356011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Ki1.234011
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylatingHomo sapiens (human)Ki136.700011
60 kDa chaperoninEscherichia coli K-12IC50250.000011
60 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC503.600022
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC502.300011
AcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)IC5027.380022
Adenosine deaminaseHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.016011
Adenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)IC501.312011
Adenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.737011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC503.886011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki3.854011
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC509.340011
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.175022
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC509.340011
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.175022
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC504.772011
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC509.340011
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.346011
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.175022
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki5.410812
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki52.033212
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki12.924412
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)IC5042.970522
Amyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)IC509.900022
Androgen receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50122.211522
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Homo sapiens (human)IC506.235022
Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmicHomo sapiens (human)IC5021.790011
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)IC5092.605226
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki90.000011
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)IC503.04644142
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Mus musculus (house mouse)IC502.750044
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)Ki1.718366
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki3.575022
Beta-secretase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50173.233333
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthasePlasmodium falciparum K1IC500.084011
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthaseToxoplasma gondiiIC505.76142939
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthaseTrypanosoma cruziIC500.110011
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthaseLeishmania majorKi0.000111
Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein ATICHomo sapiens (human)IC5010.005022
Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein ATICHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.880011
Bile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)IC50190.4450818
Bile salt export pumpRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50500.300012
Bile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)Ki9.500011
Bile salt export pumpRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.300011
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)IC5024.654633
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.500011
Calcineurin subunit B type 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5034.000011
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5069.107859
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki11.270033
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki207.192055
Carbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5014.725313
Carbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki32.852014
Carbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)IC5014.725313
Carbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki32.852014
Carbonic anhydrase 3Bos taurus (cattle)Ki32.852014
Carbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)IC5014.725313
Carbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)Ki32.852014
Chain A, Diaminopimelate decarboxylaseMethanocaldococcus jannaschiiKi89.000011
Chain B, Diaminopimelate decarboxylaseMethanocaldococcus jannaschiiKi89.000011
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthaseHomo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Cysteine proteinase falcipain 2a Plasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)IC500.110022
Cystine/glutamate transporterHomo sapiens (human)IC501,000.000011
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial Bos taurus (cattle)IC500.001225
Cytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)IC5050.020022
Cytochrome P450 2A13Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.040011
Cytochrome P450 2A6Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.983333
Cytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)IC507.000011
Cytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)IC5038.800011
Cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)IC5061.435856
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)Ki6.055024
Cytochrome P450 3A43 Homo sapiens (human)IC502.060011
Cytochrome P450 3A43 Homo sapiens (human)Ki7.600012
Cytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)IC502.060011
Cytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)Ki7.600012
Cytochrome P450 3A7Homo sapiens (human)IC502.060011
Cytochrome P450 3A7Homo sapiens (human)Ki7.600012
D(2) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.378011
Delta-type opioid receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.003011
Dihydrofolate reductaseEnterococcus faeciumIC500.001411
Dihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12IC504.16882434
Dihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)IC500.054522
Dihydrofolate reductaseHomo sapiens (human)IC501.50798094
Dihydrofolate reductaseLacticaseibacillus caseiIC500.01382930
Dihydrofolate reductaseMus musculus (house mouse)IC500.03311111
Dihydrofolate reductaseMycobacterium tuberculosis H37RvIC500.017433
Dihydrofolate reductasePneumocystis cariniiIC500.07171213
Dihydrofolate reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.00471011
Dihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12Ki34.546055
Dihydrofolate reductaseHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.40191111
Dihydrofolate reductaseLacticaseibacillus caseiKi0.000011
Dihydrofolate reductaseMus musculus (house mouse)Ki0.21671718
Dihydrofolate reductasePneumocystis cariniiKi0.000011
Dihydrofolate reductaseStaphylococcus aureusKi0.000522
Dihydrofolate reductase Bacillus anthracisIC500.013612
Dihydrofolate reductase Bos taurus (cattle)IC50611.05291313
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC5050.000011
DNA ligaseTequatrovirus T4IC50823.000024
DNA ligase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50823.000024
DNA ligase AMycobacterium tuberculosis H37RvIC50823.000024
Estrogen receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5010.000011
Estrogen receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)IC5010.000011
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1Mus musculus (house mouse)IC500.080011
fMet-Leu-Phe receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5010.000011
Folate receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)IC500.226244
Folate receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)IC500.158544
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC503.200011
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrialMus musculus (house mouse)Ki166.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1Homo sapiens (human)IC5012.900011
Genome polyprotein Zika virusKi92.300011
Glucocorticoid receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC500.000355
Glucocorticoid receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.002622
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenaseHomo sapiens (human)Ki91.000011
glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase isoform bHomo sapiens (human)IC5080.000011
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-6-phosphogluconolactonasePlasmodium bergheiIC5067.666733
Glutamate receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki790.000011
Glutamate receptor 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki790.000011
Glutamate receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)Ki790.000011
Glutamate receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)Ki790.000011
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki790.000011
Histamine H1 receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.002011
Histamine H4 receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki10.000011
Histidine decarboxylaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.001411
Histidine-rich protein PFHRP-IIPlasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)IC50396,967.59051313
Hormone-sensitive lipaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC503.250011
Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporterHomo sapiens (human)Ki24.000011
Interleukin-2Mus musculus (house mouse)IC500.005011
Kappa-type opioid receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.003011
Melanocortin receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)IC500.002666
Melanocortin receptor 3Mus musculus (house mouse)IC500.005933
Melanocortin receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.000722
Melanocortin receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)IC500.00321414
Melanocortin receptor 4Mus musculus (house mouse)IC500.002244
Melanocortin receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.00251515
Melanocortin receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)IC500.001455
Melanocortin receptor 5Mus musculus (house mouse)IC500.140011
Melanocortin receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.005222
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC500.000522
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptorMus musculus (house mouse)IC500.000322
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.000833
Mineralocorticoid receptor Homo sapiens (human)IC500.149011
MO15-related protein kinase Pfmrk Plasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)IC50150.000011
Mu-type opioid receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.003011
Multidrug resistance associated proteinHomo sapiens (human)Ki1,200.000011
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 Homo sapiens (human)IC503.50821010
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 Homo sapiens (human)Ki5.000011
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)IC50127.180015
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1Homo sapiens (human)Ki12.304212
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2Homo sapiens (human)IC502.951011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.618323
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3Homo sapiens (human)Ki4.048812
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)Ki5.624912
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)Ki20.915112
nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform 1 [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)IC5035.879022
nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)IC5018.045022
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A Homo sapiens (human)IC500.02521212
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.064588
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase BHomo sapiens (human)IC500.008811
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase DHomo sapiens (human)IC500.003611
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase DHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.012944
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1AHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.020011
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1BHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.006011
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP4Homo sapiens (human)IC500.016011
Peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.006011
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform Mus musculus (house mouse)IC500.570011
Phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferasePlasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)IC50554.000011
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)IC504.892011
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)IC502.503044
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki4.391423
Procathepsin LHomo sapiens (human)IC505.470011
Progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC500.021011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC501.019011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)IC503.726011
Protein-arginine deiminase type-4Homo sapiens (human)IC5010,000.000012
Proton-coupled folate transporterHomo sapiens (human)IC500.120822
Pteridine reductase 1Leishmania majorKi0.109522
Reduced folate transporterHomo sapiens (human)IC500.012022
Reduced folate transporterHomo sapiens (human)Ki3.500011
Replicase polyprotein 1aSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusIC505.470011
Replicase polyprotein 1abBetacoronavirus England 1IC505.470011
Replicase polyprotein 1abHuman coronavirus 229EIC505.470011
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2IC50722.914035
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusIC501,794.735022
Retinoic acid receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.100011
Retinoic acid receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.034011
Retinoic acid receptor gamma Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.130011
Reverse transcriptase/RNaseH Human immunodeficiency virus 1IC500.455011
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]Homo sapiens (human)IC501.500011
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)IC5062.000011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)IC500.270011
Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoformHomo sapiens (human)IC500.183011
Sigma intracellular receptor 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.750612
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.102712
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC503.886011
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.854011
Sodium/bile acid cotransporterHomo sapiens (human)IC501.000011
Solute carrier family 15 member 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki790.000011
Solute carrier family 15 member 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki2,200.000011
Solute carrier family 15 member 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki230.000011
Solute carrier family 22 member 20Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki599.780012
Solute carrier family 22 member 6Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki896.125512
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.950055
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.484544
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)IC501.300011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)Ki1.200011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 Homo sapiens (human)IC5037.000011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 Homo sapiens (human)Ki36.000011
Spike glycoproteinBetacoronavirus England 1IC505.470011
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2IC503.580022
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusIC505.470011
Substance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC504.139011
Substance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.380011
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
Thymidylate synthaseEscherichia coli K-12IC5011.4303312
Thymidylate synthaseHomo sapiens (human)IC5033.60821221
Thymidylate synthaseLacticaseibacillus caseiIC50158.10001010
Thymidylate synthaseMus musculus (house mouse)IC5020.000022
Thymidylate synthaseHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.600011
Thymidylate synthaseMus musculus (house mouse)Ki45.000011
Thymidylate synthase Escherichia coliIC5060.600033
Thymidylate synthase Escherichia coli LF82IC5018.000011
Toll-like receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)IC501.040011
Toll-like receptor 7Homo sapiens (human)IC503.400033
Toll-like receptor 9Homo sapiens (human)IC500.110011
transactivating tegument protein VP16 [Human herpesvirus 1]Human alphaherpesvirus 1 (Herpes simplex virus type 1)IC5035.879022
Transmembrane protease serine 2Homo sapiens (human)IC505.470011
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.002611
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3Homo sapiens (human)IC5010.005022
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3Mus musculus (house mouse)IC5020.000022
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-6Homo sapiens (human)IC50211.833316
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 Homo sapiens (human)IC50211.833316
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A4Homo sapiens (human)IC50211.833316
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10 Homo sapiens (human)IC50211.833316
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7Homo sapiens (human)IC50211.833316

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
Adenosine receptor A2aRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC500.000211
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Homo sapiens (human)EC506.3370110
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)EC5025.779988
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)EC501.750011
Calcium-dependent protein kinase 1Plasmodium falciparum K1EC500.068011
Carbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)EC500.001011
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASEEscherichia coliKd0.134415
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2Homo sapiens (human)EC500.001011
Cytochrome P450 2A13Homo sapiens (human)Kd1.600011
Cytochrome P450 2A6Homo sapiens (human)Kd11.000011
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.013011
Dihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12EC500.001011
Dihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12Kd0.30621010
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC500.000111
Glucocorticoid receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC500.000922
Glucocorticoid receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC500.000811
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)EC501.300011
High mobility group protein B1Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.262022
Major prion proteinHomo sapiens (human)EC504.000011
Melanocortin receptor 3Homo sapiens (human)EC500.00181010
Melanocortin receptor 3Mus musculus (house mouse)EC500.00292828
Melanocortin receptor 3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC500.000111
Melanocortin receptor 3Mus musculus (house mouse)Kd812,831.000011
Melanocortin receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)EC500.00152424
Melanocortin receptor 4Mus musculus (house mouse)EC500.00462828
Melanocortin receptor 4Mus musculus (house mouse)Kd229,087.000011
Melanocortin receptor 5Homo sapiens (human)EC500.000777
Melanocortin receptor 5Mus musculus (house mouse)EC500.00622929
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC500.000299
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptorMus musculus (house mouse)EC500.00043030
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 Homo sapiens (human)EC501.700011
Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2Homo sapiens (human)EC5048.500022
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.62251111
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase BHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.009811
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase DHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.021522
Polyphenol oxidase 2Agaricus bisporusEC5014.800011
Procathepsin LHomo sapiens (human)EC506.3370110
Replicase polyprotein 1aSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusEC506.3370110
Replicase polyprotein 1abBetacoronavirus England 1EC506.3370110
Replicase polyprotein 1abHuman coronavirus 229EEC506.3370110
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2EC506.3370110
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusEC506.3370110
Retinoic acid receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)EC500.022011
Retinoic acid receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)EC500.002011
Retinoic acid receptor gamma Homo sapiens (human)EC500.003111
Riboflavin-binding proteinGallus gallus (chicken)Kd2.100011
Spike glycoproteinBetacoronavirus England 1EC506.3370110
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusEC506.3370110
Transmembrane protease serine 2Homo sapiens (human)EC506.3370110
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1Homo sapiens (human)EC500.001011

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)ID500.050011
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 11Homo sapiens (human)Km957.000011
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Km8.100022
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)Activity9.033333
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)Km4.123333
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)Km2,560.000033
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Km296.000011
Dihydrofolate reductaseHomo sapiens (human)IC801.440011
Dihydrofolate reductaseLacticaseibacillus caseiID500.013055
Dihydrofolate reductaseMus musculus (house mouse)ID500.017166
fMet-Leu-Phe receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC203.600011
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrialMus musculus (house mouse)Concentration47.000012
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Km71.333333
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrialMus musculus (house mouse)Km165.000011
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Vmax0.820011
Histidine-rich protein PFHRP-IIPlasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)Inhibition55.000011
Multidrug resistance associated proteinHomo sapiens (human)Km768.666733
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 Homo sapiens (human)Km1,540.000022
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)Km1,300.000011
Non-lysosomal glucosylceramidaseMus musculus (house mouse)Activity11.000011
scavenger receptor class B member 1 isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)AbsAC40_uM35.000011
Solute carrier family 22 member 11Homo sapiens (human)Km17.800011
Solute carrier family 22 member 6Homo sapiens (human)Km553.800011
Solute carrier family 22 member 8Homo sapiens (human)Km16.000022
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Km1.633333
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)Km24.700011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7Homo sapiens (human)Km202.000011