Compounds > gossypol
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gossypol

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Description

Gossypol: A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID3503
CHEMBL ID51483
SCHEMBL ID3939
MeSH IDM0009556

Synonyms (244)

Synonym
AC-20251
HMS3268O22
c30h30o8
BRD-K19295594-015-02-8
BRD-K19295594-001-06-9
[2,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1- methylethyl)-
nsc-624336
smr000058386
MLS000028490
at 101
KBIO1_000173
DIVK1C_006698
DIVK1C_000173
NCI60_004391
NCI60_001588
NCIMECH_000271
1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-2,2'-binaphthalene-8,8'-dicarbaldehyde
(2,2'-binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-3,3'-dimethyl-
brn 1917878
(2,2'-binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahyd
(2,2'-binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-3,3'-dimethyl-, (+)-
ccris 2689
(2,2'-binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-, (-)-
8-formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-5-isopropyl-3-methyl-2,2'-bisnaphthalene
ai3-22957
nsc 56817
(+-)-gossypol
racemic-gossypol
nsc 624336
8-formyl-1,7-trihydroxy-5-isopropyl-3-methyl-2,2'-bisnaphthalene
[2,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-
nsc-56817
(2,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6'7,7'-hexahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-3,3'-dimethyl-
[2,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-3,3'-dimethyl-
SPECTRUM_000359
SPECTRUM_001521
SPECTRUM4_001931
SPECTRUM5_000693
PRESTWICK_1031
NCGC00025331-01
NCGC00016423-01
tocris-1964
cas-303-45-7
PRESTWICK3_000677
IDI1_000173
PRESTWICK2_000677
BPBIO1_000851
SMP2_000170
SPECTRUM5_001035
BSPBIO_003191
(-)-1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde
7-(8-formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-5-isopropyl-3-methyl-2-naphthyl)-2,3,8-trihydroxy-4-isopropyl-6-methyl-naphthalene-1-carbaldehyde
(-)-2,2'-bis(1,6,7-trihydroxy-3-methyl-5-isopropyl-8-aldehydonaphthalene)
tash 1
(+)-gossypol
[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-
(-)-gossypol
pogosin
(+)1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde
UPCMLD-DP103:001
AB00052921
303-45-7
gossypol
C07667
1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde
NSC56817 ,
2,2'-bis(1,6,7-trihydroxy-3-methyl-5-isopropyl-8-aldehydonaphthalene)
(+/-)-gossypol
nsc624336
7-(8-formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-3-methyl-5-(methylethyl)(2-naphthyl))-2,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-4-(methylethyl)naphthalenecarbaldehyde
(+/-)-gossypol from cotton seeds, >=95% (hplc)
UPCMLD-DP103
UPCMLD-DP103:002
NCGC00025331-06
NCGC00025331-07
NCGC00025331-03
NCGC00025331-02
KBIO2_000839
KBIO2_007137
KBIO3_002691
KBIO2_003407
KBIOGR_001451
KBIO2_004569
KBIO1_001642
KBIOGR_002303
KBIOSS_002001
KBIO3_002024
KBIO2_005975
KBIO2_002001
KBIOSS_000839
SPBIO_002694
SPECTRUM2_001472
SPBIO_001423
PRESTWICK0_000677
SPECPLUS_000602
SPBIO_001687
SPECTRUM3_001516
SPECTRUM3_001102
NINDS_000173
SPECTRUM2_001624
PRESTWICK1_000677
SPECTRUM4_000846
SPECTRUM1504019
BSPBIO_002804
nsc-726190
(r)-gossypol
90141-22-3
(r)-(-)-gossypol
[2,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'- hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-, (2r)-
nsc726190
nsc728875
nsc-728875
BSPBIO_000773
cid_3503
gossypol, 4
7-[8-formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-3-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)naphthalen-2-yl]-2,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)naphthalene-1-carbaldehyde
NCGC00025331-04
bdbm23223
chembl51483 ,
gossypol sodium salt
gossypol, (-)-isomer
gossypol, (+)-isomer
dipotassium salt, gossypol
(2,2'-binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-
gossypol, (+-)-isomer
sodium salt, gossypol
gossypol dipotassium salt
LMPR0103330002
NCGC00016423-09
no fertil
bl-193
AKOS002140475
HMS1570G15
7-(8-formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-3-methyl-5-propan-2-ylnaphthalen-2-yl)-2,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-4-propan-2-ylnaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde
NCGC00016423-03
1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-di(propan-2-yl)-2,2'-binaphthalene-8,8'-dicarbaldehyde
STK063457
HMS3262J15
HMS2097G15
unii-kav15b369o
bl 193
hsdb 7872
kav15b369o ,
unii-8dy2x8lxw4
gissypol, (r)-
gossypol, (r)-
8dy2x8lxw4 ,
nsc 726190
ST065835
7-[8-formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-3-methyl-5-(methylethyl)(2-naphthyl)]-2,3,8-trihy droxy-6-methyl-4-(methylethyl)naphthalenecarbaldehyde
A820340
BCP9000332
dtxsid5023110 ,
tox21_110434
dtxcid803110
CCG-35400
NCGC00016423-10
NCGC00016423-04
NCGC00016423-07
NCGC00016423-05
NCGC00016423-02
NCGC00016423-08
NCGC00016423-06
gossypol, (s)-
xna7dr63cq ,
4-08-00-03754 (beilstein handbook reference)
unii-xna7dr63cq
20300-26-9
HY-15464
CS-0966
BCP0726000183
FT-0631917
NCGC00016423-14
LP00847
S6852
gtpl4204
HY-13407
SCHEMBL3939
NCGC00016423-15
tox21_110434_1
QBKSWRVVCFFDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
tox21_500847
NCGC00261532-01
1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-3,3'-dimethyl-[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarbaldehyde
cid_227456
acetic acid;7-(8-formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-5-isopropyl-3-methyl-2-naphthyl)-2,3,8-trihydroxy-4-isopropyl-6-methyl-naphthalene-1-carbaldehyde
bdbm46555
acetic acid;7-(8-formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-3-methyl-5-propan-2-yl-2-naphthalenyl)-2,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-4-propan-2-yl-1-naphthalenecarboxaldehyde
ethanoic acid;7-[8-methanoyl-3-methyl-1,6,7-tris(oxidanyl)-5-propan-2-yl-naphthalen-2-yl]-6-methyl-2,3,8-tris(oxidanyl)-4-propan-2-yl-naphthalene-1-carbaldehyde
(s)-(+)-gossypol
1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde
(-)-1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde
[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde,1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-, (2r)-
AC-34521
pogosin; at101
HB0304
2,2'-bi[8-formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-5-isopropyl-3-methylnaphthalene]
AC-30274
mfcd00017352
EX-A068
SR-01000597521-5
SR-01000597521-1
SR-01000597521-6
sr-01000597521
HMS3651C18
thespesin
( inverted exclamation marka)-gossypol from cotton seeds
gossypol from cotton seeds
J-017920
A15004
SW197103-2
DB13044
NCGC00016423-34
NCGC00016423-17
NCGC00016423-12
BCP03607
Q411882
1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-3,3'-dimethyl[2,2'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-dicarbaldehyde
(+/-)-gossypol from cotton seeds
303-45-7 (free)
HMS3677L10
(s)-gossypol
HMS3413L10
BRD-K19295594-001-10-1
1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-3,3'-dimethyl-2,2'-binaphthyl-8,8'-dicarbaldehyde
SB17342
HMS3868F13
SDCCGSBI-0051726.P004
AT25344
ssypol
AS-55885
BP-25397
(2,2'-binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-, (s)-
gossypol s-form [mi]
(2,2'-binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)-, (2s)-
gossypol, (+)-
gossypol, r-
r-(-)-gossypol
(r)-2,2'-bis(8-formyl-1,6,7-trihydroxy-5-isopropyl-3-methylnaphthalene)
gossypol r-form [mi]
gossypol [mart.]
gossypol [mi]
gossypol [vandf]
go3 ,

Research Excerpts

Overview

Gossypol is an inhibitor of eukaryotic cells with an undetermined mode of action. It is a toxic sesquiterpene dimer produced by cotton plants which deters herbivory by insects and vertebrates.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Gossypol is an inhibitor of eukaryotic cells with an undetermined mode of action. "( Yeast Chemogenomic Profiling Reveals Iron Chelation To Be the Principle Cell Inhibitory Mode of Action of Gossypol.
Hoepfner, D; Jaeg, T; Prescott, TAK, 2018)		2.14
"Gossypol is a toxic sesquiterpene dimer produced by cotton plants which deters herbivory by insects and vertebrates. "( Consumption of gossypol increases fatty acid-amino acid conjugates in the cotton pests Helicoverpa armigera and Heliothis virescens.
Heckel, DG; Joußen, N; Kai, M; Krempl, C; Reichelt, M; Vogel, H, 2021)		2.42
"Gossypol is a yellow natural polyphenolic compound extracted from the seeds, leaves, stems, and flower buds of the cotton plant. "( Gossypol exposure induces mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress during mouse oocyte in vitro maturation.
Ahmad, MJ; Chen, YW; Ding, ZM; Duan, ZQ; Huo, LJ; Liang, AX; Liu, M; Wang, YS; Xiong, JJ; Yang, CX; Yang, SJ, 2021)		3.51
"Gossypol is a unique secondary metabolite and sesquiterpene in cotton, which is mainly synthesized in the root system of cotton and exhibits many biological activities. "( Transcriptome analysis reveals the effect of grafting on gossypol biosynthesis and gland formation in cotton.
Teng, T; Yang, T; Ye, K; Zhao, D; Zhao, Y, 2023)		2.6
"Gossypol is a binaphthyl compound made by cotton plants."( Dirigent gene editing of gossypol enantiomers for toxicity-depleted cotton seeds.
Chen, FY; Chen, XY; Chen, ZW; Fang, X; Guo, XX; Huang, JF; Huang, JQ; Li, JX; Lin, JL; Liu, NJ; Martin, C; Wang, LJ; Wu, WK; Xu, B, 2023)		1.93
"Gossypol is a complex plant polyphenol reported to be cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory, but little is known about its effect on gene expression in macrophages. "( Plant Polyphenol Gossypol Induced Cell Death and Its Association with Gene Expression in Mouse Macrophages.
Cao, H; Sethumadhavan, K, 2023)		2.69
"Gossypol is a polyphenol from the cotton plant with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation activities and can also function as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. "( Gossypol improves myocardial dysfunction caused by sepsis by regulating histone acetylation.
Lv, X; Shi, X; Xiao, D, 2023)		3.8
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic compound, commonly found in cotton seeds, that impairs male reproduction."( Gestational and lactational exposure to gossypol alters the testis transcriptome.
Amorín, R; Corrêa, PS; Ieda, EH; Jimenez, CR; Liu, L; Louvandini, H; McManus, CM; Peñagaricano, F; Tsai, SM, 2020)		1.55
"Gossypol is a specific secondary metabolite in Gossypium species. "( Cotton roots are the major source of gossypol biosynthesis and accumulation.
Chen, J; Li, C; Mei, L; Xie, Q; Yu, JZ; Zhao, T; Zhu, S, 2020)		2.27
"Gossypol is a natural polyphenol presently considered as a promising biological phytochemical with a range of activities including anticancer. "( Lytic and sublytic effects of gossypol on red blood cells and thymocytes.
Chorieva, NM; Fayziev, DD; Gafurov, MB; Khamidova, OJ; Kurbannazarova, RS; Merzlyak, PG; Sabirov, RZ; Toshtemirova, GA; Tsiferova, NA; Ziyaev, KL, 2021)		2.35
"Gossypol is a natural polyphenolic compound with anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant, and anticancer activities."( Gossypol Reduces Metastasis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Targeting Protease in Human Cervical Cancer.
Chen, PN; Chu, SC; Hsieh, YS; Huang, SC; Kao, SH; Lin, MS, 2021)		2.79
"Free gossypol is a toxic compound which naturally occurs in cottonseed and its derivates, affecting animal and possibly human health. "( Evaluation of ozone technology as an alternative for degradation of free gossypol in cottonseed meal: a prospective study.
Abdalla, AL; Augusto, PED; Calori-Domingues, MA; Romero, AC, 2021)		1.37
"Gossypol is an axially chiral natural polyphenol classically extracted from the Malavaceae family. "( Development of SECheM Concept for Isolation and Chemical Modification of Gossypol Directly from Cienfuegosia digitata.
Aliyenne, A; Boumediana, AI; Daïch, A; Lawson, AM; Lepitre, T; Othman, M; Ould Elemine, B; Ould Hadou, A; Sidi Boune, MV, 2017)		2.13
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic, yellowish compound derived from cottonseed extract. "( Gossypol induces cell death by activating apoptosis and autophagy in HT-29 cells.
Li, LY; Li, PH; Lu, MD; Sun, WJ; Wang, FH; You, T; Zheng, ZQ, 2017)		3.34
"Gossypol acts as a Bcl-2 inhibitor that induces apoptosis in apoptosis-competent cells."( A novel role of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in (-)-gossypol-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.
Hamann, A; Kögel, D; Meyer, N; Osiewacz, HD; Warnsmann, V, 2018)		1.44
"Gossypol is a yellow polyphenol isolated from cotton seeds. "( Gossypol inhibits 5α-reductase 1 and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: Its possible use for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Cao, S; Ge, F; Ge, RS; Li, X; Wang, G; Wang, Y; Zhu, Q, 2019)		3.4
"Gossypol is a polyphonic toxic compound that is present in cotton plants. "( Effect of a functional recombinant cytochrome P450 enzyme of Helicoverpa armigera on gossypol metabolism co-expressed with NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in Pichia pastoris.
Chen, C; Ge, W; Liang, J; Ma, X; Nie, CX; Pi, W; Wang, Y; Zhang, WJ; Zhang, Y, 2019)		2.18
"Gossypol, which is a natural polyphenolic aldehyde isolated from the seeds of the cotton plant, has been shown to exert antitumoral activity in leukemia and lymphoma and in breast, head and neck, colon and prostate cancers."( In vivo and in vitro inhibition of osteosarcoma growth by the pan Bcl-2 inhibitor AT-101.
Bei, R; Benvenuto, M; Cerbelli, B; Ciuffa, S; Fazi, S; Izzi, V; Lucarelli, E; Masuelli, L; Mattera, R; Modesti, A; Potenza, V; Tresoldi, I; Zago, E, 2020)		1.28
"Gossypol is a highly reactive compound present in cotton (Gossypium spp.). "( Effectiveness of albumin-conjugated gossypol as an immunogen to prevent gossypol-associated acute hepatotoxicity in rats.
Fonseca, NB; Gadelha, IC; Oloris, SC; Soto-Blanco, B, 2013)		2.11
"Gossypol is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound extracted from cotton plants. "( Induction of apoptosis and antitumor effects of a small molecule inhibitor of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, gossypol acetate, in multiple myeloma in vitro and in vivo.
Lin, J; Wu, Y; Yang, D; Zhao, Y, 2013)		2.05
"Gossypol is a kind of yellow polyphenolic compounds extracted from root stem and seed of the cotton plant. "( Gossypol suppresses mouse T lymphocytes via inhibition of NFκB, NFAT and AP-1 pathways.
Guan, S; Huang, G; Li, G; Lu, J; Song, B; Tong, C; Wang, Z; Xiong, Y; Zhang, S, 2013)		3.28
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic compound that has attracted attention because of its biological effects."( Therapeutic potential of gossypol: an overview.
Goliaei, B; Keshmiri-Neghab, H, 2014)		1.43
"Gossypol is a putative BH3 mimetic proposed to inhibit BCL2 and BCLXL based on cell-free assays. "( Gossypol increases expression of the pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein NOXA through a novel mechanism involving phospholipase A2, cytoplasmic calcium, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Danilov, AV; Eastman, A; Soderquist, RS, 2014)		3.29
"Gossypol is a Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3)-mimetic agent and is able to bind to the BH3 domain of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family members."( Identification of a novel potential antitumor activity of gossypol as an APE1/Ref-1 inhibitor.
Cheng, Y; Li, M; Li, Z; Qian, C; Ren, T; Sui, J; Wang, D; Zhang, L; Zhou, L, 2014)		1.37
"Gossypol is a phenolic compound produced by pigment glands in cotton stems, leaves, seeds, and flower buds (Gossypium spp.). "( Gossypol toxicity from cottonseed products.
Fonseca, NB; Gadelha, IC; Melo, MM; Oloris, SC; Soto-Blanco, B, 2014)		3.29
"Gossypol is a phenolic aldehyde extracted from plants and is known to be an antitumor agent to induce cancer cell apoptosis. "( Proteomic analysis of gossypol induces necrosis in multiple myeloma cells.
Liu, C; Tang, H; Tian, E; Wang, Q; Xu, R, 2014)		2.16
"Gossypol (Gos) is a natural polyphenolic compound extracted from cotton plants, and has been shown to possess anti-neoplastic activity against various tumors."( Gossypol induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells by inhibition of interleukin-6 signaling and Bcl-2/Mcl-1 pathway.
Ikeda, Y; Kizaki, M; Nakajima, H; Nakazato, T; Okamoto, S; Sadahira, K; Sagawa, M; Uchida, H, 2014)		2.57
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic extract of cottonseeds."( Gossypol sensitizes the antitumor activity of 5-FU through down-regulation of thymidylate synthase in human colon carcinoma cells.
Cao, Y; Feng, W; Hou, K; Liu, Y; Qu, J; Qu, X; Xu, L; Yang, D, 2015)		2.58
"Gossypol is a chemical present in the seeds of cotton plants (Gossypium sp.) that reduces fertility in farm animals. "( Mechanisms involved in reproductive damage caused by gossypol in rats and protective effects of vitamin E.
Bizerra, PF; Guelfi, M; Medeiros, HC; Mingatto, FE; Santana, AT; Tavares, MA, 2015)		2.11
"Gossypol is a part of the cotton plant's defense system against pathogens and herbivorous insects. "( Synthesis and antiviral, insecticidal, and fungicidal activities of gossypol derivatives containing alkylimine, oxime or hydrazine moiety.
Li, L; Li, Y; Li, Z; Liu, Y; Wang, K; Wang, Q, 2016)		2.11
"Gossypol is a defense compound in cotton plants for protection against pests and pathogens. "( Dirigent Proteins from Cotton (Gossypium sp.) for the Atropselective Synthesis of Gossypol.
Effenberger, I; Klaiber, I; Li, L; Liu, Y; Pfannstiel, J; Schaller, A; Wang, Q; Zhang, B, 2015)		2.09
"Gossypol is a chemical isolated from cotton seeds. "( Gossypol enantiomers potently inhibit human placental 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 and aromatase activities.
Dong, Y; Ge, RS; Guan, H; Huang, P; Li, L; Li, X; Lian, Q; Mao, B; Su, Y, 2016)		3.32
"Gossypol is an important allelochemical produced by the subepidermal glands of some cotton varieties and important for their ability to respond to changing biotic stress by exhibiting antibiosis against some cotton pests. "( Rhizobacteria activates (+)-δ-cadinene synthase genes and induces systemic resistance in cotton against beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua).
Fadamiro, H; Kloepper, JW; Song, Y; Zebelo, S, 2016)		1.88
"Gossypol, is a polyphenolic compound naturally occurring in cotton seed, was originally identified as a male contraceptive but it has several proposed clinical applications. "( The genotoxic effects of anti-cancer drug gossypol on human lymphocytes and its mitigation by melatonin.
Narechania, MB; Rao, MV, 2016)		2.14
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic secondary metabolite produced by cotton plants, which is toxic to many organisms. "( Gossypol toxicity and detoxification in Helicoverpa armigera and Heliothis virescens.
Boland, W; Heckel, DG; Heidel-Fischer, HM; Jiménez-Alemán, GH; Joußen, N; Krempl, C; Menezes, RC; Reichelt, M; Vogel, H, 2016)		3.32
"Gossypol is known to be a polyphenolic compound toxic to animals. "( Dietary gossypol suppressed postprandial TOR signaling and elevated ER stress pathways in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.).
Bian, F; He, G; Jiang, H; Mai, K; Man, M; Xu, W; Zhou, H, 2017)		2.33
"Free gossypol (Fig. 1) is a toxic phenolic compound which becomes detoxified in ruminants by binding to milk proteins, but gossypol is still an active inhibitor of tumour growth in the excreted milk."( Long-term clinical remission of a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia using alternative treatment option: cottonseed oil (gossypol).
Politzer, WM, 2008)		1.01
"Apogossypolone (ApoG2) is a semi-synthesized derivative of gossypol. "( Apogossypolone, a nonpeptidic small molecule inhibitor targeting Bcl-2 family proteins, effectively inhibits growth of diffuse large cell lymphoma cells in vitro and in vivo.
Aboukameel, A; Al-Katib, A; Arnold, AA; Banerjee, S; Chen, J; Lin, Y; Ling, X; Mohammad, RM; Nikolovska-Coleska, Z; Sun, Y; Wang, S; Wu, J; Yang, D, 2008)		1.59
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic compound originally isolated from cottonseed that has long been used successfully as a contraceptive drug for males. "( Gossypol suppresses telomerase activity in human leukemia cells via regulating hTERT.
Choi, YH; Kim, GY; Kim, MO; Kim, ND; Lee, HG; Moon, DO, 2008)		3.23
"Gossypol is a constituent of the lysigenous foliar glands of cotton plants and is also found in glands in cottonseed. "( Effect of racemic, (+)- and (-)-gossypol on survival and development of Heliothis virescens larvae.
Dowd, MK; Duke, SE; López, JD; Puckhaber, LS; Stipanovic, RD, 2008)		2.07
"Gossypol is a polyphenol isolated from the seed, roots and stem of cotton plant (Gossypium sp.) It has been associated with adverse effects on female reproduction, but recently also shown having promising effects against several malignancies. "( Gossypol, a polyphenolic aldehyde from cotton plant, interferes with swine granulosa cell function.
Baioni, L; Basini, G; Bussolati, S; Grasselli, F, 2009)		3.24
"Gossypol is a natural disesquiterpene that blocks the activity of the mammalian facilitative hexose transporter GLUT1. "( Endofacial competitive inhibition of the glucose transporter 1 activity by gossypol.
Cárcamo, JG; Castro, M; Concha, II; Ojeda, L; Ojeda, P; Ortega, M; Pérez, A; Rauch, MC; Reyes, AM; Rivas, CI; Sánchez, C; Valenzuela, X; Vera, JC, 2009)		2.03
"apogossypolone (ApoG2) is a novel derivate of gossypol. "( ApoG2 induces cell cycle arrest of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by suppressing the c-Myc signaling pathway.
Hu, ZY; Sun, J; Yang, D; Zeng, YX; Zhu, XF, 2009)		0.97
"Gossypol is a natural polyphenolic compound extracted from cotton plant (Gossypium species) which has shown potent inhibitory effect on cell growth of many types of cancers. "( Enhancement of taxane-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis by gossypol in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7.
Atmaca, H; Karabulut, B; Karaca, B; Sanli, UA; Uslu, R; Uzunoglu, S, )		1.82
"Apogossypolone (ApoG2) is an analogue of (-)-gossypol, exhibiting binding activity with Ki values of 35 nmol/L for Bcl-2 and 25 nmol/L for Mcl-1."( Preclinical studies of apogossypolone, a novel pan inhibitor of bcl-2 and mcl-1, synergistically potentiates cytotoxic effect of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells.
Aboukameel, A; Banerjee, S; Chen, J; Choi, M; Mohammad, M; Mohammad, RM; Sarkar, FH; Wang, Z; Yang, D, 2010)		1.17
"Apogossypolone, which functions as a potent pan-Bcl-2 family inhibitor, seems therapeutically promising for future translational studies including the treatment of pancreatic cancer."( Preclinical studies of apogossypolone, a novel pan inhibitor of bcl-2 and mcl-1, synergistically potentiates cytotoxic effect of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells.
Aboukameel, A; Banerjee, S; Chen, J; Choi, M; Mohammad, M; Mohammad, RM; Sarkar, FH; Wang, Z; Yang, D, 2010)		1.28
"Gossypol is an attractive therapeutic anti-tumor agent as an apoptosis inducer and is being evaluated in preclinical tests. "( Gossypol inhibits phosphorylation of Bcl-2 in human leukemia HL-60 cells.
Hu, JQ; Huang, LH; Jiang, J; Li, GM; Li, YH; Liu, XS; Tao, WQ; Xie, PY, 2010)		3.25
"Gossypol is a yellowish polyphenolic compound originally from cotton plant, which has been shown to exert a potential for anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. "( Gossypol decreases tumor necrosis factor-α-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression via suppression of NF-κB activity.
Choi, YH; Kim, GY; Kim, WJ; Moon, DO; Moon, SK, 2011)		3.25
"Gossypol is a dimeric sesquiterpenoid first identified in cottonseed, but found in various tissues in the cotton plant including the seed. "( Hemigossypol, a constituent in developing glanded cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum).
Bell, AA; Liu, J; Puckhaber, LS; Stipanovic, RD; Wagner, TA, 2012)		2.38
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic aldehyde extracted from cotton plants."( Amino acid derivatives of the (-) enantiomer of gossypol are effective fusion inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
An, T; Chen, G; Guo, D; Li, J; Li, L; Ouyang, W; Pan, W; Tien, P; Wu, S; Yang, J, 2012)		1.36
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic aldehyde that is produced in the cotton plant. "( Apogossypolone, derivative of gossypol, mobilizes endogenous copper in human peripheral lymphocytes leading to oxidative DNA breakage.
Ahmad, A; Hadi, SM; Khan, HY; Ullah, MF; Wu, D; Zubair, H, 2012)		2.44
"Gossypol is a toxic compound that occurs as a mixture of enantiomers in cotton plant tissues including seed and flower petals. "( Capillary electrophoresis to quantitate gossypol enantiomers in cotton flower petals and seed.
Akhunov, A; Golubenko, Z; Namazov, S; Pshenichnov, E; Stipanovic, RD; Vshivkov, S, 2012)		2.09
"Gossypol (GP) is a potent antifertility agent contained in cottonseed and other parts of cotton plants. "( Effects of gossypol on O2 consumption and CO2 production in human prostate cancer cells.
Chang, HL; Czekajewski, J; Ghosh, PK; Jiang, J; Kulp, SK; Lin, YC; Liu, S; Sugimoto, Y, )		1.96
"Gossypol is a bifunctional agent, capable of cross-linking amino acid side chains, and its action on brush-border enzymes may be due to this mechanism."( Inactivation of intestinal brush-border enzymes by gossypol.
Baram, N; Cogan, U; Mokady, S, 1987)		1.15
"Gossypol is a male contraceptive derived from cotton seeds."( Telomerase inhibitors in anticancer therapy: gossypol as a potential telomerase inhibitor.
Mego, M, 2002)		1.3
"Gossypol is a natural defense compound in the plant that protects it against pests and diseases, but can have antinutritional quality effects when consumed by dairy cattle."( Increasing dietary levels of cracked pima cottonseed increase plasma gossypol but do not influence productive performance of lactating Holstein cows.
DePeters, EJ; Pareas, JW; Prieto, JG; Robinson, PH; Santos, JE; Taylor, SJ, 2003)		1.27
"Gossypol was found to be a stimulator of heme oxygenase activity in the liver and kidney to varying degrees."( Modulatory influence of tin-protoporphyrin on gossypol-induced alterations of heme oxygenase activity in male Wistar rats.
Aneja, R; Chandra, R; Dass, SK, )		1.11
"Gossypol is a natural toxicant present in cottonseeds, and is hepatotoxic to animals and human. "( Effect of gossypol on intracellular Ca2+ regulation in human hepatoma cells.
Chen, WC; Cheng, HH; Cheng, JS; Jan, CR; Liu, CP; Lo, YK; Yeh, JH, 2003)		2.16
"Gossypol was found to be a potent stimulator of heme oxygenase (HMOX) activity in rat liver and kidney to varying degrees."( Effect of gossypol in association with chromium protoporphyrin on heme metabolic enzymes.
Aneja, R; Chandra, R; Dass, SK; Prakash, S, 2004)		1.45
"Gossypol is a component present in cottonseeds and has been demonstrated to be an effective contraceptive drug in preventing spermatogenesis in mammalian species. "( Involvement of reactive oxygen species-independent mitochondrial pathway in gossypol-induced apoptosis.
Fujii, M; Hou, DX; Imamura, I; Ose, T; Takeshita, T; Tanigawa, S; Tong, X; Uto, T, 2004)		2
"Gossypol is a di-sesquiterpene natural-product in the form of a functionalised binaphthyl and is isolated from cotton plants. "( Mapping the binding site for gossypol-like inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase.
Brady, RL; Cameron, A; Conners, R; Croft, SL; Easton, A; Read, J; Schambach, F; Sessions, RB; Vivas, L, 2005)		2.06
"Gossypol is an allelochemical that occurs naturally throughout the cotton plant as an enantiomeric mixture. "( Ratios of (+)- and (-)-gossypol in leaves, stems, and roots of selected accessions of Gossypium hirsutum var. marie galante (Watt) Hutchinson.
Bell, AA; Puckhaber, LS; Stipanovic, RD, 2006)		2.09
"Gossypol is a sesquiterpene that occurs naturally in seed and other parts of the cotton plant. "( Effect of racemic and (+)- and (-)-gossypol on the survival and development of Helicoverpa zea larvae.
Dowd, MK; Duke, SE; Lopez, JD; Puckhaber, LS; Stipanovic, RD, 2006)		2.05
"Gossypol is a natural polyphenolic compound isolated from cottonseed and has antiproliferative activity in a variety of cancer cell lines."( (-)Gossypol and its combination with imatinib induce apoptosis in human chronic myeloid leukemic cells.
Chen, X; Fu, J; Li, H; Li, J; Li, Y; Liu, H; Liu, Y; Meng, Y, 2007)		1.68
"Gossypol is a yellowish phenolic compound ocurring naturally in certain species of cotton plants of the family Malvaciae, mostly in the seeds and root bark."( Gossypol: a potential antifertility agent for males.
Qian, SZ; Wang, ZG, 1984)		2.33
"Gossypol acetic acid is a polyphenolic compound present in the seed of cotton plants. "( Effect of the antifertility agent, gossypol acetic acid, on the metabolism and testosterone secretion of isolated rat interstitial cells in vitro.
Homonnai, ZT; Paz, GF, 1984)		1.99
"Gossypol is a competitive inhibitor of NADH, Ki = 30 microM (Km = 17 microM), and NAD+, Ki = 6 microM (Km = 130 microM), and noncompetitive for pyruvate, Ki = 220 microM (Km = 224 microM), and lactate, Ki = 52 microM (Km = 5.6 mM)."( Kinetics of gossypol inhibition of bovine lactate dehydrogenase X.
Olgiati, KL; Toscano, WA, 1983)		1.37
"Gossypol is a yellow substance which occurs in various parts of the cotton plant; its chemical structure is naphthol phenol."( Clinical study of gossypol as a male contraceptive.
Liu, GZ, )		1.09
"Gossypol is a phenolic compound isolated from the seeds, stems, and roots of the cotton plant. "( Gossypol as an oral contraceptive for men.
, 1980)		3.15
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic aldehyde occurring naturally in cottonseed that produces antisteroidogenic activity in vivo, has been extensively investigated as a male contraceptive agent, and has demonstrated anticancer activity. "( Antiproliferative activity of gossypol and gossypolone on human breast cancer cells.
Brueggemeier, RW; Chang, CJ; Gilbert, NE; Lin, YC; O'Reilly, JE, 1995)		2.02
"Gossypol was found to be a noncompetitive inhibitor of arylsulfatase with a Ki of 120 microM."( Inhibition of rabbit sperm acrosomal enzymes by gossypol.
Shi, QX; Srivastava, PN; Yuan, YY, 1995)		1.27
"Gossypol is a lipid soluble polyphenolic compound isolated from cotton seed oil which has been previously shown to have antiproliferative activity in vitro against a variety of human solid tumor cell lines. "( In vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of gossypol against central nervous system tumor cell lines.
Coyle, T; Levante, S; Shetler, M; Winfield, J, 1994)		2
"Gossypol (GP) is a natural polyphenolic compound that possesses antifertility and antisteroidogenic activities in both males and females. "( Gossypol inhibits human chorionic gonadotropin-stimulated testosterone production by cultured canine testicular interstitial cells.
Chang, W; Kulp, S; Lin, YC; Mushtaq, M, 1996)		3.18
"Gossypol (GOS) is a polyphenolic compound derived mainly from cottonseed oil, which has been found to have anti-fertility effects in males. "( The inhibitory effects of gossypol on human sperm motility characteristics: possible modes of reversibility of those effects.
Zarmakoupis-Zavos, PN; Zavos, PM, 1996)		2.04
"Gossypol is an antisteroidogenic compound naturally found in cottonseed. "( Gossypol induces spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase in canine prostate epithelial cells.
Canatan, H; Chang, WY; Kulp, SK; Lin, YC; Shidaifat, F; Sugimoto, Y, 1997)		3.18
"Gossypol is an antinutritional polyphenolic pigment found in cottonseed."( Use of expander cottonseed meal in broiler diets formulated on a digestible amino acid basis.
Bailey, CA; Calhoun, MC; Gamboa, DA; Haq, AU; Kuhlmann, SW, 2001)		1.03
"Gossypol is an antifertilizing agent in males and females. "( Gossypol and gossypolone enantiomers in tissues of rainbow trout fed low and high levels of dietary cottonseed meal.
Dabrowski, K; Lee, KJ, 2002)		3.2
"Gossypol is a polyphenol isolated from the seed, roots, and stem of the cotton plant (Gossypium sp.). "( Gossypol: a contraceptive for men.
Coutinho, EM, 2002)		3.2
"Gossypol is a naturally occurring toxin with potent antifertility action in both males and females. "( Transfer of 3H-gossypol to neonatal rats via milk of nursing dams.
Chang, CJ; Hu, YF; Kulp, SK; Lin, YC; Moh, PP, 1992)		2.08
"Gossypol is a toxic factor indigenous to the cotton plant genus Gossypium. "( Effects of gossypol and cottonseed products on reproduction of mammals.
Chase, CC; Randel, RD; Wyse, SJ, 1992)		2.12
"Gossypol is a potent antifertility agent contained in seeds and other parts of cotton plants. "( Characteristics of covalent gossypol binding to microsomal proteins.
Brueggemeier, RW; Darby, MV; Li, PK; Lin, YC; Moh, PP, 1992)		2.02
"Gossypol is an antifertility agent which inhibits steroidogenesis in both sexes. "( Binding of 3H-gossypol in organelles of cultured bovine luteal cells.
Brueggemeier, RW; Gu, Y; Lin, YC; Rikihisa, Y, 1992)		2.09
"Gossypol is a Chinese cottonseed derivative, which, taken orally, inhibits spermatogenesis in men."( Contraception--a look forward, Part II: Mifepristone and gossypol.
Woolley, RJ, )		1.1
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic dialdehyde, occurring in 2 racemic isomers with different biological activities."( Effects of gossypol on the motility of mammalian sperm.
Porat, O, 1990)		1.29
"Gossypol is an orally active male anti-fertility agent that has been used in China by more than 10,000 men."( Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro by gossypol.
Armstrong, D; Baron, PA; Gold, JW; Polsky, B; Segal, SJ; Ueno, H, 1989)		1.14
"Gossypol is an orally active male contraceptive with cardio-depressant side effects. "( Modification of the positive inotropic effects of catecholamines, cardiac glycosides and Ca2+ by the orally active male contraceptive, gossypol, in isolated guinea-pig heart.
Akera, T; Ng, YC; Ye, YX, 1989)		1.92
"Gossypol is a naturally occurring yellow substance in cotton plant that has male reproductive toxicity both in humans and some experimental animal species. "( Interspecies comparison of pharmacokinetic profile and bioavailability of (+/-)-gossypol in male Fischer-344 rats and male B6C3F mice.
Abou-Donia, MB; Obih, P; Othman, MA, 1989)		1.95
"Gossypol proved to be a potent inhibitor of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) detectable in high concentrations in seminal plasma."( Effect of ace-inhibitors, calmodulin antagonists, acetylcholine receptor blocking, and alpha receptor blocking agents on motility of human sperm.
Krassnigg, F; Placzek, R; Schill, WB, 1988)		1
"Gossypol was found to be an effective male contraceptive. "( Effects of K salt or a potassium blocker on gossypol-related hypokalemia.
Cao, JA; Ch'iu-Hinton, K; Li, BY; Liu, GZ; Zhu, CX, 1988)		1.98
"Gossypol is a unique compound since it alone, but not any of its derivatives, has in vivo as well as in vitro antifertility activity."( Anti-fertility and other actions of gossypol analogues.
Corin, RE; Haspel, HC; Hoffer, AP; Huang, JT; Ren, YF; Sonenberg, M; Su, TL; Watanabe, KA, 1988)		1.17
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic pigment, which is employed as a male antifertility drug. "( Binding of gossypol to purified tubulin and inhibition of its assembly into microtubules.
Andreu, JM; Medrano, FJ, 1986)		2.1
"Gossypol proved to be a powerful inhibitor of the six enzymes studied."( In vitro inhibition by gossypol of oxidoreductases from human tissues.
Blanco, A; Burgos, C; Gerez de Burgos, NM; Rovai, LE, 1986)		1.3
"Gossypol is a yellow phenolic compound which reversibly inhibits spermatogenesis making it one of the few effective male antifertility drugs. "( Ribonucleotide reductase: an intracellular target for the male antifertility agent, gossypol.
Chan, AK; Creasey, DC; McClarty, GA; Wright, JA, 1985)		1.94
"Gossypol is a cumulative toxin; the amount of free gossypol fed was approximately 5.4 to 5.7 mg/kg/day for an unknown duration."( Heart failure caused by gossypol poisoning in two dogs.
Gompf, RE; Legendre, AM; Patton, CS; Walker, MA, 1985)		1.3

Effects

Gossypol has an in vitro antiamebic effect, which is 11,39, and 980 times more potent than emetime, metronidazole and diiodohydroxyquinolein on five Entamoeba histolytica axenic strains.

Gossypol has been shown to have an anti-HCC effect, but the underlying mechanism requires further study. It has anti-cancer effects by dual-targeting MDM2 and VEGF in human breast cancer.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Gossypol has an antibiotic effect on Aphis gossypii, and as the concentrations of gossypol were increased in the present study, the mortality of cotton aphids increased from 4 to 28%."( Cytochrome P450 CYP6DA2 regulated by cap 'n'collar isoform C (CncC) is associated with gossypol tolerance in Aphis gossypii Glover.
Bi, R; Gao, X; Pan, Y; Peng, T; Shang, Q; Xi, J; Xin, X; Yang, C; Yang, S; Zhang, L, 2016)		1.38
"Gossypol has an in vitro antiamebic effect, which is 11,39, and 980 times more potent than emetime, metronidazole and diiodohydroxyquinolein, respectively, on five Entamoeba histolytica axenic strains. "( Further studies on the in vitro activity of gossypol as antiamebic agent.
González-Garza, MT; Mata-Cárdenas, BD; Matlin, SA; Said-Fernández, S, 1992)		1.99
"Gossypol has gained considerable research interest due to its attractive biological activities, especially antitumor and antivirus."( Structure, properties of gossypol and its derivatives-from physiological activities to drug discovery and drug design.
Liu, Y; Wang, L; Zhang, Y; Zhao, L, 2022)		1.75
"Gossypol has been reported to exhibit antitumor effects against several human cancers. "( Bioinformatics Analysis of the Signaling Pathways and Genes of Gossypol Induce Death of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells.
Ge, J; Gong, Z; He, Y; Huang, W; Jiang, X; Li, P; Mo, Y; Wang, J; Xiong, W; Yu, J; Zeng, Z; Zhu, K, 2021)		2.3
"Gossypol has been shown to have an anti-HCC effect, but the underlying mechanism requires further study."( Dual effects of gossypol on human hepatocellular carcinoma via endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy.
Cao, Y; Chen, W; Ji, A; Jiang, C; Qiang, G; Wang, Z; Wu, J; Zhang, G, 2019)		1.58
"Gossypol has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. "( Protective effect of gossypol on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice.
Cao, Y; Fu, Y; Li, F; Liang, D; Liu, Z; Song, X; Yang, Z; Zhang, N; Zhang, W; Zhang, X; Zhou, E, 2013)		2.15
"Gossypol has served as a lead compound for developing more efficient BH3 mimetics such as ABT-737 and its orally available structural analog ABT-263 (Navitoclax)."( Polyphenols as mitochondria-targeted anticancer drugs.
Fichna, J; Gorlach, S; Lewandowska, U, 2015)		1.14
"Gossypol has an antibiotic effect on Aphis gossypii, and as the concentrations of gossypol were increased in the present study, the mortality of cotton aphids increased from 4 to 28%."( Cytochrome P450 CYP6DA2 regulated by cap 'n'collar isoform C (CncC) is associated with gossypol tolerance in Aphis gossypii Glover.
Bi, R; Gao, X; Pan, Y; Peng, T; Shang, Q; Xi, J; Xin, X; Yang, C; Yang, S; Zhang, L, 2016)		1.38
"Gossypol has anti-proliferative effects on cancer cell lines."( The genotoxic effects of anti-cancer drug gossypol on human lymphocytes and its mitigation by melatonin.
Narechania, MB; Rao, MV, 2016)		1.42
"Gossypol has anti-cancer effects by dual-targeting MDM2 and VEGF in human breast cancer. "( Gossypol has anti-cancer effects by dual-targeting MDM2 and VEGF in human breast cancer.
Li, J; Su, T; Wang, J; Xiong, J; Yang, Q; Zhou, S, 2017)		3.34
"Gossypol has recently been identified as a potential anticancer agent. "( A liposomal delivery vehicle for the anticancer agent gossypol.
Lee, RJ; Li, H; Lin, YC; Lu, Y; Wu, J; Ye, W; Yu, B; Zhai, G; Zhao, X, )		1.82
"Gossypol has been proven to be a very effective male contraceptive. "( The (+)- and (-)-gossypols potently inhibit human and rat 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2.
Cai, H; Chen, BB; Ge, RS; Gu, DY; Hardy, DO; Hu, GX; Lian, QQ; Lin, H; Su, Y; Zhou, HY, 2009)		2.14
"Gossypol has been reported to have a potent anticancer activity in many types of cancer."( Apogossypolone, a novel inhibitor of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, induces autophagy of PC-3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells in vitro.
An, QX; Chen, R; Hu, XB; Huang, XF; Mu, SJ; Wu, DC; Xia, AJ; Yang, SM; Yi, J; Zhan, YH; Zhang, XQ, 2010)		1.7
"Gossypol has been reported as a potential inhibitor of cell proliferation in various types of cancers, such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, and lung cancer."( Involvement of Smac, p53, and caspase pathways in induction of apoptosis by gossypol in human retinoblastoma cells.
Hsiao, WT; Jow, GM; Lee, YJ; Tien, LT; Tsai, MD, 2012)		1.33
"Gossypol has also been an effective drug for treatment of gynecological diseases, such as menopause functional bleeding, uterine tumor, and endometrial symptoms."( [Gossypol and its related compounds as contraceptive drugs and drugs for gynecological diseases].
Wu, GP, 1988)		1.81
"Gossypol has been applied during clinical experiments throughout China and the results of its applications have been quite satisfactory. "( [Methods of extraction and purification of gossypol].
Yuan, JR, 1984)		1.97
"Gossypol has been shown to impair sperm production in male ruminants. "( Reversibility of the reproductive toxicity of gossypol in peripubertal bulls.
Ehrhart, EJ; Faulkner, DB; Firkins, LD; Hassan, ME; Ott, RS; Schaeffer, DJ; Smith, GW, 2004)		2.02
"Gossypol has wide antineoplastic effects in vitro, but its effects on human lung cancer have not been explored. "( Upregulation of Fas/Fas ligand-mediated apoptosis by gossypol in an immortalized human alveolar lung cancer cell line.
Chang, JS; Chiang, LC; Hsu, YL; Kuo, PL; Lin, CC, 2004)		2.02
"Gossypol has received significant attention as a result of its potential therapeutic application as a male antifertility agent. "( Investigations on gossypol: past and present developments.
Anderson, RJ; Dodou, K; Groundwater, PW; Small, DA, 2005)		2.1
"Gossypol has little effect on the activities of the total spermatozoal ATPase, the spermatozoal flagellar ATPase, and the mitochondrial fragment ATPase."( Effect of gossypol on boar spermatozoal adenosine triphosphate metabolism.
Lee, CS; Tso, MY; Tso, WW, 1982)		1.39
"Gossypol has deleterious effects directly on TR-ST cells originating from a rat testicular tumor. "( Direct effect of gossypol on TR-ST cells: perturbation of rhodamine 123 accumulation in mitochondria.
Bellvé, AR; Chen, LB; Tanphaichitr, N, 1984)		2.05
"Gossypol has been used as oral contraceptive for man in People's Republic of China. "( Gossypol as oral contraceptive for male: trial case report.
Hoshiai, H; Mori, R; Nagaike, F; Suzuki, M; Tsuiki, A; Uehara, S, 1982)		3.15
"Gossypol has been reported to be much less effective as a male contraceptive in the rabbit than in man."( Effects of gossypol acetic acid on the activity of LDH-C4 from human and rabbit spermatozoa.
Eliasson, R; Virji, N, 1983)		1.28
"Gossypol has been shown to be an effective oral male contraceptive. "( Cottonseed oil as a vaginal contraceptive.
Lee, CS; Tso, WW, 1982)		1.71
"Gossypol has been shown to inhibit steroidogenesis in the canine prostate and may inhibit canine prostate growth."( Gossypol induces spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase in canine prostate epithelial cells.
Canatan, H; Chang, WY; Kulp, SK; Lin, YC; Shidaifat, F; Sugimoto, Y, 1997)		2.46
"Gossypol has demonstrated in vitro effects on cell cycle regulation and anti-tumor activity against mammary carcinoma cell lines. "( Oral gossypol in the treatment of patients with refractory metastatic breast cancer: a phase I/II clinical trial.
Bacotti, D; Bloch, R; Borgen, P; Gollub, M; Hudis, C; Ligueros, M; Moasser, MM; Norton, L; Reidenberg, MM; Seidman, AD; Sklarin, N; Sonenberg, M; Van Poznak, C; Van Zee, K; Yao, TJ, 2001)		2.27
"Gossypol has an in vitro antiamebic effect, which is 11,39, and 980 times more potent than emetime, metronidazole and diiodohydroxyquinolein, respectively, on five Entamoeba histolytica axenic strains. "( Further studies on the in vitro activity of gossypol as antiamebic agent.
González-Garza, MT; Mata-Cárdenas, BD; Matlin, SA; Said-Fernández, S, 1992)		1.99
"Gossypol, a drug which has been shown to be an inhibitor of kinase C activity in mouse mammary tissues, is shown to abolish several of the actions of prolactin in cultured mouse mammary gland explants. "( Effect of kinase C inhibitor, gossypol, on the actions of prolactin in cultured mouse mammary tissues.
Etindi, RN; Rillema, JA, 1987)		2
"Gossypol has been shown to inhibit steroidogenesis in leydig cells. "( Inhibition by gossypol of cyclic AMP production in mouse Leydig cells.
Donaldson, A; Jeffcoate, SL; O'Shaughnessy, PJ; Pearce, S; Sufi, SB, 1986)		2.07
"Gossypol has potential for widespread use as a male oral antifertility agent in humans since it appears to be highly efficacious, with reversible spermatostatic effects and minimal side effects. "( Variable sister-chromatid exchange response in human lymphocytes exposed in vitro to gossypol acetic acid.
Best, RG; McKenzie, WH, 1988)		1.94
"Gossypol acetic acid has been shown to have the effect of increasing the SCE frequencies in the spermatogonial cells of mice. "( Gossypol acetate-induced SCEs in spermatogonia and bone marrow cells of mice: dose-response relationships.
Tan, YB; Wang, RL; Zhang, ZS, 1988)		3.16
"(-)-Gossypol has been isolated from cottonseed of G. "( Isolation of (-)-gossypol from natural plant.
Lin, XD; Zhou, RH, 1988)		1.17
"Gossypol has been resolved into its pure optical isomers by conversion into the Schiff's base derivative of (+)-phenylalanine methyl ester, normal or reverse phase chromatography and hydrolysis. "( Large-scale resolution of gossypol enantiomers for biological evaluation.
Belenguer, A; Brookes, AN; Matlin, SA; Tyson, RG; Zhou, RH, 1988)		2.02
"Gossypol has no detectable effect on the concentration of TNBP in RS."( The effects of gossypol on nuclear protein in rat testes. I. Reduction in the content of basic proteins in the spermiogenic cells.
Fei, RR; Teng, CS, 1988)		1.35
"(+)-Gossypol has neither antifertility effect nor toxicity at the dosage of 30 mg/kg orally for 14 days in male rats, but slight damage was found in the germinal epithelium of the testis in animals dosed for 4 weeks. "( Effect of (-)- and (+)-gossypol on fertility in male rats.
Guan, MH; Lei, HP; Wang, NG; Zhou, LF, 1987)		1.14
"Gossypol has been under clinical trial in China for years and shown to be effective in 99.9% of over 10,000 men tested with no or mild side effects."( Clastogenicity of a male contraceptive, gossypol, in mammalian cell cultures with and without the metabolic activation by S9 mix.
Liang, JC; Ye, WS, 1985)		1.26

Actions

Gossypol acetate can inhibit the growth of Raji cells and induce their apoptosis. GossypOL did not inhibit ovulation in the rat at dosages up to 80 mg/kg/day but did cause 90% inhibition of pregnancy in mice treated with 80mg/kg-a-day during the first two weeks of pregnancy.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Gossypol displays anticancer behavior and anti-fertility in males. "( Mutual anti-oxidative effect of gossypol acetic acid and gossypol-iron complex on hepatic lipid peroxidation in male rats.
Bader El-Dein, MM; El-Shahawy, IN; El-Sharaky, AS; Fawzy, RA; Wahby, MM, 2009)		2.08
"Gossypol acetate can inhibit the growth of Raji cells and induce their apoptosis. "( [Effect of gossypol acetate on proliferation and apoptosis in Raji lymphoblastoid cell line].
Cheng, W; Li, YM; Yang, DJ; Zhao, YQ, 2009)		2.19
"Gossypol was shown to inhibit TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression and U937 cell adhesion to MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells."( Gossypol decreases tumor necrosis factor-α-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression via suppression of NF-κB activity.
Choi, YH; Kim, GY; Kim, WJ; Moon, DO; Moon, SK, 2011)		2.53
"The gossypol mediated an increase of heme oxygenase activity, elevated bilirubin levels leading to hyperbilirubinemia."( Modulatory influence of tin-protoporphyrin on gossypol-induced alterations of heme oxygenase activity in male Wistar rats.
Aneja, R; Chandra, R; Dass, SK, )		0.87
"Gossypol did not increase chromosome aberrations in the treated cells."( Effect of gossypol on DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression of mammalian cells in vitro.
Rao, PN; Wang, Y, 1984)		1.39
"Gossypol did not inhibit ovulation in the rat at dosages up to 80 mg/kg/day but did cause 90% inhibition of pregnancy in mice treated with 80 mg/kg/day during the first two weeks of pregnancy."( Antifertility and endocrine activities of gossypol in rodents.
Hahn, DW; Homm, R; Johnson, AN; Probst, A; Rusticus, C, 1981)		1.25
"(-)-gossypol was found to inhibit type I PKA, whereas the inhibitory action of (+)-gossypol for type I PKA was less potent."( [Comparison between the effects of (-)- and (+)-gossypol on protein kinase C and protein kinase A].
Chen, HC; Wang, XL; Xiao, DM; Yang, GD; Zhang, JB; Zhang, YH; Zhou, WH; Zhu, B, 1993)		1.02
"Gossypol promotes binding of PLA2 to the interface, and the binding of PLA2 to the interface promotes only the noncovalent binding of gossypol, but not the covalent modification."( Gossypol modification of Ala-1 of secreted phospholipase A2: a probe for the kinetic effects of sulfate glycoconjugates.
Apitz-Castro, R; Baker, S; Jain, MK; Ranadive, G; Rogers, J; Wilton, DC; Yu, BZ, 1997)		2.46
"Gossypol was found to increase the G0/G1 fraction of the T-47D cells."( Effects of gossypol on the cell cycle phases in T-47D human breast cancer cells.
Monet, JD; Montmasson, MP; Moustafa, Y; Thomas, M; von Hagen, V, )		1.24
"Gossypol did not increase mutational frequency as examined by the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase and Na+,K(+)-ATPase loci in V79 cells."( The modulation of gap junctional communication by gossypol in various mammalian cell lines in vitro.
Akera, T; Bombick, D; Chang, CC; Hirst, K; Trosko, JE; Ye, YX; Zhang, GX, 1990)		1.25
"Gossypol did not inhibit ATPase in erythrocytes from any of 5 volunteers, including 2 subjects of Chinese ancestry and 3 of European stock."( Gossypol and Na+, K+ ATPase from human erythrocytes.
Drayer, DE; Reidenberg, MM, 1988)		2.34
"Gossypol is known to produce reactive oxygen species in vitro."( Effects of gossypol on the antioxidant defense system of the rat testis.
Bender, HS; Derolf, SZ; Misra, HP, 1988)		1.39

Treatment

Gossypol treatment reduced the length of estrous with an increase in the duration of the diestrus phase. The treatment also markedly reduced the number of infiltrated lymphocytes in the auricles of DTH mice. In rats, sperm morphology was compromised severely but the epithelium in testis and epididymis appeared morphologically normal.

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"The gossypol-treated mice also presented with complete, non-elongated spermatids, a large number of cells in the state of round spermatids, and negativity for acrosome PAS reaction; diffuse renal mesangial cell hyperplasia, increased mesangial matrix, and adhesion of the mesangium to the wall of the renal capsule were observed, with significantly shrinkage or even absence of the lumens of the renal capsules and reduced kidney mitochondrial ATPase activity."( [Short-term exposure to gossypol causes reversible reproductive toxicity and nephrotoxicity in mice].
Cao, L; Liu, J; Ma, H; Piao, Z; Wang, H; Wu, J, 2023)		1.7
"Gossypol treatment resulted in an increase in TTP mRNA level by 6-20-fold and increased ZFP36L1, ZFP36L2 and ZFP36L3 mRNA levels by 26-69-fold."( Plant Polyphenol Gossypol Induced Cell Death and Its Association with Gene Expression in Mouse Macrophages.
Cao, H; Sethumadhavan, K, 2023)		1.97
"Gossypol treatment up to 96 h resulted in a selective cytotoxicity of SCL-1 cells (IC"( Involvement of necroptosis in the selective toxicity of the natural compound (±) gossypol on squamous skin cancer cells in vitro.
Brenneisen, P; Ebbert, L; Golombek, M; Haasler, L; Kondadi, AK; Reichert, AS; Stahl, W; von Montfort, C; Wenzel, CK, 2023)		1.86
"Gossypol treatment resulted in cell death through oxidative stress."( Gossypol induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells through oxidative stress.
Chen, Y; Deng, H; Ge, R; Jin, L; Li, X; Lian, Q; Wang, J, 2013)		2.55
"Upon gossypol treatment, changes in phosphorylation of twenty-nine proteins including YAP1 and AKAP12 were characterized."( Phosphoproteomic analysis of gossypol-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell line, HOC1a.
Chen, Y; Deng, H; Ge, R; Jin, L; Lian, Q; Mu, X, 2014)		1.15
"Gossypol treatment reduced the length of estrous with an increase in the duration of the diestrus phase."( Gossypol promotes degeneration of ovarian follicles in rats.
de Macedo, MF; Gadelha, IC; Melo, MM; Oloris, SC; Soto-Blanco, B, 2014)		2.57
"Gossypol-treated groups indicated significant increases in frequency of SCEs calculated for SCE/plate and SCE/chromosome. "( The genotoxic effects of anti-cancer drug gossypol on human lymphocytes and its mitigation by melatonin.
Narechania, MB; Rao, MV, 2016)		2.14
"Gossypol treatment resulted in a decrease of c-Myc expression and binding activity."( Gossypol suppresses telomerase activity in human leukemia cells via regulating hTERT.
Choi, YH; Kim, GY; Kim, MO; Kim, ND; Lee, HG; Moon, DO, 2008)		2.51
"Gossypol treatment affects angiogenic cytokine secretion from these two cell lines in a different manner."( Profiling of angiogenic cytokines produced by hormone- and drug-refractory prostate cancer cell lines, PC-3 and DU-145 before and after treatment with gossypol.
Atmaca, H; Cengiz, E; Erten, C; Gorumlu, G; Gul, MK; Karabulut, B; Karaca, B; Kucukzeybek, Y; Sanli, UA; Uslu, R; Uzunoglu, S, 2008)		1.27
"Gossypol treatment also inhibited yeast phagocytosis by these cells."( Gossypol induced apoptosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes: involvement of mitochondrial pathway and reactive oxygen species.
Aguilar-Lemarroy, AC; Barba-Barajas, L; Barba-Barajas, M; Bravo-Cuellar, A; de Celis, R; Domínguez-Rodríguez, JR; Guevara-Barraza, MG; Hernández-Flores, G; Jave-Suarez, LF; Lerma-Díaz, JM; Ortiz-Lazareno, PC, 2009)		2.52
"Gossypol treatment also markedly reduced the number of infiltrated lymphocytes in the auricles of DTH mice."( The immunosuppressive effect of gossypol in mice is mediated by inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation and by induction of cell apoptosis.
Di, JF; He, XH; Lu, HS; Ou-Yang, DY; Shi, HJ; Xu, LH; Xu, WB, 2009)		1.36
"Gossypol treatment resulted in the decrease of anti-apoptotic genes such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl and an upregulation of the pro-apoptotic gene, Noxa."( Combination therapy with gossypol reveals synergism against gemcitabine resistance in cancer cells with high BCL-2 expression.
Liem, N; Wang, L; Wong, FY; Wong, WC; Xie, C; Yan, FL; Yong, WP, 2012)		1.4
"In gossypol treated rats, sperm morphology was compromised severely, but the epithelium in testis and epididymis appeared morphologically normal."( Epididymis-specific pathologic disorders in rats exposed to gossypol from weaning through puberty.
de Andrade, SF; De Grava Kempinas, W; Klinefelter, GR; Oliva, SU, 2006)		1.09
"In gossypol-treated animals 1C peak disappeared gradually and the arrest was seen predominantly at 2C stage and partially at 4C stage."( Rat testicular germ cell type(s) targeted by anti-spermatogenic agents in vivo and their recovery on withdrawal of treatment--a flow cytometric study.
Dhar, JD; Dwivedi, AK; Gupta, G; Ojha, P; Singh, RL, 2008)		0.86
"Gossypol treatment did not cause any effect on the plasma Na+ level."( Studies on the male antifertility agent--gossypol acetic acid. III. Effect of gossypol acetic acid on rat testis.
Arora, G; Kalla, NR; Vasudev, M, )		1.12
"Gossypol treatment of endometriosis and uterine myomas in 15 cases was started with a daily dose of 20 mg of gossypol-acetic acid twice a day for 20 days as a loading dose, followed by 40 mg (20 mg twice weekly). "( Electron microscopic observations of the effects of gossypol on the human endometrium.
Cheng, J; Dang, MY; Han, ML; Sun, YT; Tian, L; Zu, PD, 1984)		1.96
"Gossypol treatment greatly decreased the number of spermatozoa seen in cervical mucus in 13 of 15 test subjects, and all spermatozoa seen were immobilized in 11 of the 15."( Vaginal contraception with gossypol: a clinical study.
Haukkamaa, M; Luukkainen, T; Ratsula, K; Wichmann, K, 1983)		1.18
"Gossypol treatment did not affect the body weight and the weights of the accessory sex organs."( Studies on the male antifertility agent--gossypol acetic acid. V. Effect of gossypol acetic acid on the fertility of male rats.
Foo, TW; Kalla, NR; Sheth, AR, )		1.12
"Gossypol treatment and trypanosomal infection, either alone or in concert, caused an anaemia that was both macrocytic and hypochromic."( The effects of protein malnutrition and experimental infection with Trypanosoma brucei on gossypol treatment in the rat: haematological and serum biochemical changes.
Aire, TA; Akingbemi, BT; Ogwuegbu, SO; Oke, BO; Onwuka, SK, 1995)		1.23
"Gossypol-treated rats exhibited weight reductions in developed MAT-LyLu prostate tumor mass and prostate of 24% (p < 0.05) and 31% (p < 0.05), respectively; whereas testicular and epididymal weights were not significantly affected."( Antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects of gossypol on Dunning prostate cell-bearing Copenhagen rats.
Brueggemeier, RW; Chang, CJ; Ghosh, PK; Hu, YF; Lin, YC, 1993)		1.26
"Gossypol treatment or trypanosome infection, either alone or together, invariably caused significant reductions in the serum activity of creatine phosphokinase and amylase and in the serum concentration of cortisol."( Gossypol toxicosis in the rat associated with protein malnutrition and experimental infection with Trypanosoma brucei.
Aire, TA; Akingbemi, BT; Ogwuegbu, SO; Oke, BO; Onwuka, SK, 1996)		2.46
"Gossypol (10 microM) treated also decreased cyclin D1-associated kinase activity on histone H1 used as a substrate in MCF-7 cells."( Gossypol inhibition of mitosis, cyclin D1 and Rb protein in human mammary cancer cells and cyclin-D1 transfected human fibrosarcoma cells.
Hochhauser, D; Jeoung, D; Ligueros, M; Reidenberg, MM; Sonenberg, M; Tang, B, 1997)		2.46
"Gossypol treatment induced a series of histological changes in the seminiferous epithelium of the hamster testis."( Response of hamster to the antifertility effect of gossypol.
Bisnooduth, U; Kalla, NR; Ranga, A, )		1.1
"Gossypol treatments inhibited cell multiplication at 10 and 20 micrograms/ml concentrations and this inhibitory effect increased with elevated dosage and prolonged treatment."( Genotoxic effects of gossypol acetic acid on cultured murine erythroleukemia cells.
Baker, MA; Daehler, CC; Daly, EP; Kleemeyer, KM; Majumdar, SK, 1991)		1.32
"Gossypol treatment had no effect on hematological parameters (total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count, hematocrit and hemoglobin) studied in the present investigations."( Effect of gossypol on domestic fowl, Gallus domesticus.
Chadha, VK; Foo, J; Kalla, NR, )		1.26
"Gossypol treatment did not affect the body weight or testicular weight, but caused a significant depression in the weight of the seminal vesicle."( Histologic changes in the mouse testis after treatment with gossypol tetra-acetic acid.
Rath, SK; Singh, SK, 1990)		1.24
"Gossypol treatment of rats (20 mg/kg) for 6, 10 and 16 weeks resulted in partial inhibition of macromolecular synthesis."( The in vivo effect of gossypol on macromolecular synthesis in rat testis.
Frick, J; Kainz, P; Nussbaumer-Kainz, V, 1985)		1.31
"Gossypol treatment had no direct effect on systemic blood pressure or femoral arterial flow."( Endothelium-derived relaxing factor is likely to modulate the tone of resistance arteries in rabbit hindlimb in vivo.
Dudel, C; Förstermann, U; Frölich, JC, 1987)		0.99
"Gossypol treatment for 1 day and 7 days continuously did bring about changes in serum lipoprotein profile."( The effect of gossypol on serum lipoproteins of adult rats.
Fities, IA; Obeidy, A; Sheriff, DS, 1989)		1.36
"Gossypol-treated males failed to impregnate healthy females, presumably because their sperm were immotile."( Effect of gossypol on the concentration of sodium and potassium in the rat epididymis.
Kaur, S, 1989)		1.4
"In gossypol-treated TM4 cells, Rhodamine 123 mitochondrial staining was reduced significantly 1 hour after the drug addition and reached a minimal level at 3 hour."( Gossypol-induced damage to mitochondria of transformed Sertoli cells.
Bellvé, AR; Robinson, JM; Tanphaichitr, N, 1986)		2.23
"Gossypol treatment decreased the potential activity of the proenzyme by 97%, but failed to affect the active enzyme."( Gossypol prevents activation of purified proenzyme of human seminal plasma acidic proteinase.
Svasti, J; Vongsorasak, L, 1986)		2.34
"In gossypol-treated animals testis catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were decreased."( Effects of gossypol on the antioxidant defense system of the rat testis.
Bender, HS; Derolf, SZ; Misra, HP, 1988)		1.18
"Gossypol treatment did not bring about marked changes in the key enzymes like HMG Co A reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase malic enzyme and cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase involved in sterol biosynthesis."( Gossypol and testicular lipids of adult rats.
Sheriff, DS, 1988)		2.44
"Gossypol treatment of males had no effect on the outcome of pregnancy."( A developmental toxicity evaluation of gossypol.
Beaudoin, AR, 1988)		1.27
"In gossypol-treated, reproductively immature guinea pigs, the number of spermatozoa in the epididymis was markedly reduced (P less than 0.01) compared to controls, whereas the presence of spermatids and spermatocytes increased in the epididymis with the duration of gossypol administration."( Effect of gossypol acetate on guinea pig epididymal spermatozoa in vivo and their susceptibility to capacitation in vitro.
Friend, DS; Shi, QX, )		1.05
"Gossypol treatment of males had no effect on the outcome of pregnancy."( The embryotoxicity of gossypol.
Beaudoin, AR, 1985)		1.31
"Treatment with gossypol was responsible for a significant reduction in the number of normal ovarian follicles and a significant increase in the number of atretic follicles, both in all stages of development."( Gossypol promotes degeneration of ovarian follicles in rats.
de Macedo, MF; Gadelha, IC; Melo, MM; Oloris, SC; Soto-Blanco, B, 2014)		2.18
"Co-treatment with gossypol acetate and dexamethasone notably amplified the pro-apoptosis activity of the latter in Raji cells."( [Effects of gossypol acetate on apoptosis in primary cultured cells from patients with lymphoid leukemia and its synergy with dexamethasone].
Cheng, W; Li, YM; Yang, DJ; Zhao, YQ, 2012)		1.08
"Treatment with gossypol also downregulated expression of NF-kappaB-regulated gene products, including inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP)-1, IAP-2, and X-linked IAP."( Gossypol suppresses NF-kappaB activity and NF-kappaB-related gene expression in human leukemia U937 cells.
Kim, GY; Kim, MO; Lee, JD; Moon, DO, 2008)		2.13
"Treatment with gossypol also had an inhibitory effect on epididymal sperm count at the two highest doses."( Short term metabolic effects of the anti-fertility agent, gossypol, on various reproductive organs of male mice.
Coulson, PB; Parise, C; Snell, RL, 1980)		0.85
"Treatment with gossypol alone as well as with the supplementation of potassium salt resulted in severe oligospermia and azoospermia."( Gossypol-induced hypokalemia and role of exogenous potassium salt supplementation when used as an antispermatogenic agent in male langur monkey.
Kumar, M; Lohiya, NK; Sharma, S, 1997)		2.08
"Sham treatment (gossypol solute only), exposure to indomethacin (10 microM), and ganglionic blockade had no differential effect on the flow responses."( Selective inhibition of endothelium-dependent dilation in resistance-sized vessels in vivo.
Busse, R; Dézsi, L; Pohl, U; Simon, B, 1987)		0.61

Toxicity

Shortterm treatment with gossypol can cause reproductive toxicity and nephrotoxicity in mice. These toxic effects can be reversed after drug withdrawal.

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" Antinutritional or toxic factors associated with them are reviewed and means of detoxifying them for human and livestock feeding are enumerated."( A review of toxicity factors in some food and feedingstuffs in the nutrition of man and livestock in Nigeria.
Aregheore, EM, 1992)		0.28
"4% bovine serum albumin(BSA) to the perfusate completely prevented the toxic effect of gossypol on hepatocytes, decreasing the absorption of gossypol by the liver."( Zone-specific hepatotoxicity of gossypol in perfused rat liver.
Lin, YC; Manabe, S; Nuber, DC, 1991)		0.79
" Treatment of mice with gossypol produced significant adverse effects on the dam and offspring including decreased pregnancy weight gain of the dam and growth retardation of the offspring."( Evidence for embryotoxicity of gossypol in mice and chicks with no evidence of mutagenic activity in the Ames test.
Booth, GM; Li, YF; Seegmiller, RE, 1989)		0.87
" This adverse effect exerted by SP562, however, was not as strong as that caused by (+/-) gossypol acetic acid of the same molarity."( Adverse effects of gossypol analogs on TM4 cell mitochondrial function.
Fitzgerald, LM; Tanphaichitr, N, 1989)		0.83
" The equipotency between the two isomers in causing toxic effects to some of the somatic tissues and the stereo-selectivity of (-)-gossypol to induce antispermatogenic effects indicate that gossypol may actually exhibit two categories of cytotoxic effects to different organs and tissues."( Probing into the mechanism of action, metabolism and toxicity of gossypol by studying its (+)- and (-)-stereoisomers.
Yu, YW, 1987)		0.72
"The present study assessed the urinary protein with SDS-PAGE technique and by using gentamicin as a positive control for a comparative study to evaluate the renal toxic effect of gossypol."( Evaluation of the renal tubulo-toxic effect of gossypol by urinary protein analysis with SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Li, HZ; Luo, HZ; Xue, SP; Zhao, SY; Zhu, JB, 1988)		0.72
" Under the conditions of this experiment, gossypol administered to either the breeding male rat or the pregnant female rat had no demonstrable adverse effect on development in utero."( A developmental toxicity evaluation of gossypol.
Beaudoin, AR, 1988)		0.81
" Under the conditions of this experiment, gossypol administered to either the breeding male rat or the pregnant female rat had no demonstrable adverse effect on development in utero."( The embryotoxicity of gossypol.
Beaudoin, AR, 1985)		0.85
" Neither the 10-mg/kg dose nor the 20-mg/kg dose had any adverse effect in the dams."( The embryotoxicity of gossypol.
Beaudoin, AR, 1985)		0.58
" It is concluded that gossypol is a very toxic substance in rats, since only a 10-fold increase of a non-effective dose caused serious side effects in addition to its antifertility effects."( Toxic effects of the antifertility agent gossypol in male rats.
Bergh, A; Damber, JE; Gåfvels, M; Selstam, G; Wang, J, 1984)		0.85
" As derived from the antifertility responses of the GAA treatment groups it was evident that the toxic activity of GAA was not related to its antifertility efficacy."( Toxicity of gossypol at antifertility dosages in male rats: statistical analysis of lethal rates and body weight responses.
Frick, J; Rovan, E; Weinbauer, GF, )		0.51
" Before gossypol can be considered safe for widespread human use, particularly by healthy people of childbearing age, its effect on normal genetic processes should be understood."( Genetic toxicity studies of gossypol.
de Peyster, A; Wang, YY, 1993)		1.01
" Experiments conducted on Sprague-Dawley rats and cynomolgous monkeys confirm that either (-) or (+) gossypol is too toxic to be developed for human contraception."( Gossypol: reasons for its failure to be accepted as a safe, reversible male antifertility drug.
Griffin, PD; Waites, GM; Wang, C, 1998)		1.96
" The adverse effects of GAA on the production of ROS, cytoplasmic acidification, GSH content, and [Ca2+]i were also attenuated."( Attenuation of gossypol cytotoxicity by cyclic AMP in a rat liver cell line.
Barhoumi, R; Burghardt, RC; Hutchinson, RW; Miles, JM, 1998)		0.65
" Nonoils known to be toxic that may be found in cottonseed oils include gossypol, aflatoxin, and cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA)."( Final report on the safety assessment of Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil, Cottonseed (Gossypium) Oil, Cottonseed Acid, Cottonseed Glyceride, and Hydrogenated Cottonseed Glyceride.
, 2001)		0.54
" These results show that gossypol is toxic to broiler chicks at high levels."( Pathology and histopathology of gossypol toxicity in broiler chicks.
Brown, TP; Henry, MH; Pesti, GM, )		0.72
" The (-)-enantiomer is toxic to nonruminant animals while the (+)-enantiomer exhibits little, if any, toxicity to these animals."( Toxicity of (+)- and (-)-gossypol to the plant pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani.
Dowd, MK; Howell, CR; Puckhaber, LS; Stipanovic, RD, 2002)		0.62
" Results showed that the dosage regimen could damage the epididymal sperms and onset of antifertility within 6 weeks in male rats, and prevent the incidence of the side effect of irreversible azoospermia."( [A beam of dawn light of study on gossypol as a safe, effective, and reversible male antifertility contraceptive--evaluation of the studies by using low dose gossypol combined with steroid hormone for male contraception].
Xue, S, 2000)		0.59
" The purpose of this study was to determine if the adverse effects of gossypol on spermatogenesis in peripubertal bulls were reversible."( Reversibility of the reproductive toxicity of gossypol in peripubertal bulls.
Ehrhart, EJ; Faulkner, DB; Firkins, LD; Hassan, ME; Ott, RS; Schaeffer, DJ; Smith, GW, 2004)		0.82
" Gossypolone was also observed to be more toxic than gossypol against both cell lines."( Cytotoxicity of enantiomers of gossypol Schiff's bases and optical stability of gossypolone.
Dao, VT; Dowd, MK; Gaspard, C; Martin, MT; Mayer, M; Michelot, RJ, 2004)		1.52
" Our results indicated that both gossypol enantiomers were toxic to broilers but that (-)-gossypol was more harmful to efficient broiler production than (+)-gossypol."( Relative toxicity of gossypol enantiomers in broilers.
Calhoun, MC; Dale, NM; Davis, AJ; Dowd, MK; Lordelo, MM, 2005)		0.93
" Hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal toxicity represented the major adverse activities of gossypol, with apogossypol far less toxic."( Bcl-2 antagonist apogossypol (NSC736630) displays single-agent activity in Bcl-2-transgenic mice and has superior efficacy with less toxicity compared with gossypol (NSC19048).
Jia, L; Kitada, S; Krajewska, M; Kress, CL; Pellecchia, M; Reed, JC, 2008)		0.89
" Only in the case of a nonsymmetrical gossypol derivative bearing a 4-aminoantipyrine residue did we observe a deviation from the above correlation: its symmetrical counterpart was even more toxic, but still less toxic than gossypol."( [Synthesis, structures, and acute toxicity of gossypol nonsymmetrical aldehyde derivatives].
Ibragimov, BT; Iuldashev, AM; Kamaev, FG; Talipov, SA; Tiliabaev, KZ; Vypova, NL, )		0.66
" In conclusion, free gossypol in diet induced adverse effects on semen quality in rams, but selenium supplementation successfully counteracts most of the hazardous effects of gossypol on semen characteristics."( Alleviation of reproductive toxicity of gossypol using selenium supplementation in rams.
El-Mokadem, MY; Samak, MA; Taha, TA; Yassen, AM, 2012)		0.97
" However, the most common toxic effects is the impairment of male and female reproduction."( Gossypol toxicity from cottonseed products.
Fonseca, NB; Gadelha, IC; Melo, MM; Oloris, SC; Soto-Blanco, B, 2014)		1.85
"Gossypol, an anti-cancer drug, induces genotoxicity on lymphocyte cells and co-supplementation of melatonin antioxidant ameliorates these toxic effects of gossypol."( The genotoxic effects of anti-cancer drug gossypol on human lymphocytes and its mitigation by melatonin.
Narechania, MB; Rao, MV, 2016)		2.14
"Gossypol is a polyphenolic secondary metabolite produced by cotton plants, which is toxic to many organisms."( Gossypol toxicity and detoxification in Helicoverpa armigera and Heliothis virescens.
Boland, W; Heckel, DG; Heidel-Fischer, HM; Jiménez-Alemán, GH; Joußen, N; Krempl, C; Menezes, RC; Reichelt, M; Vogel, H, 2016)		3.32
" It is noted that evaluation of the total toxic properties of Kagocel has revealed no signs of intoxication."( [Safety of the Russian antiviral drug Kagocel].
Borovskaya, TG, )		0.13
" We previously identified gossypol as an effective inhibitor against ZIKV and DENV infections, but this compound is toxic and not suitable for in vivo treatment."( A gossypol derivative effectively protects against Zika and dengue virus infection without toxicity.
Chen, S; Debnath, AK; Du, L; Gao, Y; Jiang, S; Tai, W; Wang, X, 2022)		1.74
"Overall, our data indicate the potential for further development of this gossypol derivative as an effective and safe broad-spectrum therapeutic agent to treat ZIKV and DENV diseases."( A gossypol derivative effectively protects against Zika and dengue virus infection without toxicity.
Chen, S; Debnath, AK; Du, L; Gao, Y; Jiang, S; Tai, W; Wang, X, 2022)		1.67
"To study the toxic effects of short-term exposure to gossypol on the testis and kidney in mice and whether these effects are reversible."( [Short-term exposure to gossypol causes reversible reproductive toxicity and nephrotoxicity in mice].
Cao, L; Liu, J; Ma, H; Piao, Z; Wang, H; Wu, J, 2023)		1.47
"Shortterm treatment with gossypol can cause reproductive toxicity and nephrotoxicity in mice, but these toxic effects can be reversed after drug withdrawal."( [Short-term exposure to gossypol causes reversible reproductive toxicity and nephrotoxicity in mice].
Cao, L; Liu, J; Ma, H; Piao, Z; Wang, H; Wu, J, 2023)		1.52

Pharmacokinetics

Gossypol, apogossypols and hexaacetates were incubated in plasma or liver microsomes from various species, or administered to mice. The stability, metabolism and pharmacokinetic profiles of these analogs were determined using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Interspecies oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of (+/-)-gossypol were compared in male Fischer-344 rats and B6C3F mice after a 1) single intravenous dose, 2) single oral dose, and 3) 14 consecutive, daily, oral doses; all doses were 10 and 50 mg/kg rats and mice, respectively."( Interspecies comparison of pharmacokinetic profile and bioavailability of (+/-)-gossypol in male Fischer-344 rats and male B6C3F mice.
Abou-Donia, MB; Obih, P; Othman, MA, 1989)		0.74
"The pharmacokinetic profile of (+/-)-gossypol was determined in male Sprague-Dawley rats following a single intravenous or oral 10 mg/kg dose and after receiving a daily oral 10 mg/kg dose for 14 days."( Pharmacokinetic profile of (+/-)-gossypol in male Sprague-Dawley rats following single intravenous and oral and subchronic oral administration.
Abou-Donia, MB; Othman, MA, 1988)		0.83
"Gossypol, apogossypol and apogossypol hexaacetate were incubated in plasma or liver microsomes from various species, or administered to mice, respectively, from which the stability, metabolism and pharmacokinetic profiles of these analogs were quantitatively determined using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method."( Comparison of pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiling among gossypol, apogossypol and apogossypol hexaacetate.
Cork, RL; Coward, LC; Gorman, GS; Jia, L; Kerstner-Wood, CD; Kitada, S; Noker, PE; Pellecchia, M; Reed, JC, 2008)		2.03
" (+/-)-Gossypol and (-)-gossypol showed comparable pharmacokinetic profile and oral bioavailability (12."( Comparison of pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiling among gossypol, apogossypol and apogossypol hexaacetate.
Cork, RL; Coward, LC; Gorman, GS; Jia, L; Kerstner-Wood, CD; Kitada, S; Noker, PE; Pellecchia, M; Reed, JC, 2008)		1.04
"Apogossypol and gossypol show similar oral and intravenous pharmacokinetic profiles and in vitro stability although apogossypol appears to have a slower clearance rate, larger AUC, and better microsomal stability."( Comparison of pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiling among gossypol, apogossypol and apogossypol hexaacetate.
Cork, RL; Coward, LC; Gorman, GS; Jia, L; Kerstner-Wood, CD; Kitada, S; Noker, PE; Pellecchia, M; Reed, JC, 2008)		1.21
" We developed and validated a sensitive HPLC assay for pharmacokinetic evaluation of gossypol."( A validated HPLC assay for the determination of R-(-)-gossypol in human plasma and its application in clinical pharmacokinetic studies.
Bertino, JR; DiPaola, RS; Gounder, MK; Kong, AN; Lin, H; Stein, MN, 2012)		0.85
" Neutropenia in cycle 1 may be a pharmacodynamic marker for docetaxel, which may enable tailored dosing in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)."( Neutropenia as a potential pharmacodynamic marker for docetaxel-based chemotherapy in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Berry, WR; Galsky, MD; Leopold, L; Pond, GR; Sonpavde, G; Wood, BA, 2012)		0.38
"For patients with mCRPC who received docetaxel, ≥grade 3 neutropenia on day 8 was prognostic for improved OS, which suggests its utility as a pharmacodynamic marker, in this hypothesis-generating analysis."( Neutropenia as a potential pharmacodynamic marker for docetaxel-based chemotherapy in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Berry, WR; Galsky, MD; Leopold, L; Pond, GR; Sonpavde, G; Wood, BA, 2012)		0.38
" For the pharmacokinetic analysis, plasma AT-101 levels were measured by HPLC in blood samples collected from patients enrolled in our clinical phase I/II study."( Targeting anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 by AT-101 to increase radiation efficacy: data from in vitro and clinical pharmacokinetic studies in head and neck cancer.
Dubbelman, R; Hoebers, FJ; Kuipers, GK; Lafleur, MV; Slotman, BJ; Stoter, TR; van den Brekel, MW; Verheij, M; Zerp, SF, 2015)		0.42

Compound-Compound Interactions

Irradiated PBMCs at low dose combined with (-)-gossypol can enhance the anti-tumor effects obviously. AT-101 is a pan small molecule inhibitor of BCl-2, Bcl-x(L), and Mcl-1.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" The effectiveness of the inducers increased markedly when used in combination with the specific vaccine against HAEM virus."( [Comparative study of the effectiveness of the interferon inducers, poly(I) : poly(C) and GSS (gossypol-beta-aminoethylsodium sulfate), in combination with a specific vaccine in experimental infection with the human acute encephalomyelitis virus].
Barinskiĭ, IF; Dushanbieva, S; Vagabov, RM, )		0.35
" However, when gosyypol was given in combination with misoprostol 400, 800 or 1600 micrograms."( [Effect of gossypol in combination with misoprostol on termination of early pregnancy in rats and mice].
Cao, L; Chen, Y; Gu, ZP, 1997)		0.69
"d-1) combined with steroid hormones (methyltestosterone 20 mg."( [A beam of dawn light of study on gossypol as a safe, effective, and reversible male antifertility contraceptive--evaluation of the studies by using low dose gossypol combined with steroid hormone for male contraception].
Xue, S, 2000)		0.59
" Here we examined the growth inhibitory effect of (-)gossypol and its combination with imatinib in K562 cells."( (-)Gossypol and its combination with imatinib induce apoptosis in human chronic myeloid leukemic cells.
Chen, X; Fu, J; Li, H; Li, J; Li, Y; Liu, H; Liu, Y; Meng, Y, 2007)		1.21
" Here, we investigated the efficacy of AT-101 (R-(-)-gossypol acetic acid; a pan small molecule inhibitor of Bcl-2, Bcl-x(L), and Mcl-1) in combination with surgical castration to delay the onset of androgen-independent growth in vivo."( In vivo evaluation of AT-101 (R-(-)-gossypol acetic acid) in androgen-independent growth of VCaP prostate cancer cells in combination with surgical castration.
Loberg, RD; McGregor, N; Pienta, KJ; Sargent, E; Ying, C, 2007)		0.86
") 5 days/week) in combination with surgical castration delayed the onset of androgen-independent prostate cancer growth in vivo."( In vivo evaluation of AT-101 (R-(-)-gossypol acetic acid) in androgen-independent growth of VCaP prostate cancer cells in combination with surgical castration.
Loberg, RD; McGregor, N; Pienta, KJ; Sargent, E; Ying, C, 2007)		0.61
"We conclude that AT-101 in combination with surgical castration delays the onset of androgen-independent prostate cancer in vivo by disrupting the antiapoptotic activity of Bcl-2 upregulation during the transition to androgen independence."( In vivo evaluation of AT-101 (R-(-)-gossypol acetic acid) in androgen-independent growth of VCaP prostate cancer cells in combination with surgical castration.
Loberg, RD; McGregor, N; Pienta, KJ; Sargent, E; Ying, C, 2007)		0.61
" The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of various SPI, both alone and in combination with cisplatin, on three different non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines."( Efficacy of signal pathway inhibitors alone and in combination with Cisplatin varies between human non-small cell lung cancer lines.
El-Hefnawy, T; Kilic, A; Landreneau, RJ; Luketich, JD; Schuchert, MJ, 2009)		0.35
" Louis, MO), Cox-2 (NS-398 [Sigma-Aldrich] or Celecoxib [Pfizer]), MAPK (U0126 [Sigma-Aldrich]), and EGFR (Iressa; AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom) both alone and in combination with 10 or 30 mum cisplatin (Sigma-Aldrich) (18 possible regimens for each cell line)."( Efficacy of signal pathway inhibitors alone and in combination with Cisplatin varies between human non-small cell lung cancer lines.
El-Hefnawy, T; Kilic, A; Landreneau, RJ; Luketich, JD; Schuchert, MJ, 2009)		0.35
"There is a substantial degree of variability between NSCLC cell lines in response to SPI, both alone and in combination with cisplatin."( Efficacy of signal pathway inhibitors alone and in combination with Cisplatin varies between human non-small cell lung cancer lines.
El-Hefnawy, T; Kilic, A; Landreneau, RJ; Luketich, JD; Schuchert, MJ, 2009)		0.35
"To observe the killing effect of irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at low dose combined with (-)-gossypol on cultured human prostate cancer LNCaP cells."( [Studies on the killing effect of gamma ray irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells combined with (-)-gossypol on human prostate cancer LNCaP cells].
Yan, G; Zhan, WH; Zhan, YX; Zhang, XQ, 2010)		0.78
"Irradiated PBMCs at low dose combined with (-)-gossypol can enhance the anti-tumor effects obviously."( [Studies on the killing effect of gamma ray irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells combined with (-)-gossypol on human prostate cancer LNCaP cells].
Yan, G; Zhan, WH; Zhan, YX; Zhang, XQ, 2010)		0.83
"5/3-mda-7 alone or in combination with BI-97C1 would be predicted to exert significantly improved therapeutic efficacy in colorectal cancer patients."( Enhanced delivery of mda-7/IL-24 using a serotype chimeric adenovirus (Ad.5/3) in combination with the Apogossypol derivative BI-97C1 (Sabutoclax) improves therapeutic efficacy in low CAR colorectal cancer cells.
Azab, B; Bhutia, SK; Curiel, DT; Das, SK; Dash, R; Dent, P; Dmitriev, IP; Fisher, PB; Grant, S; Hedvat, M; Pellecchia, M; Quinn, BA; Reed, JC; Sarkar, D; Sarkar, S; Shen, XN; Wang, XY, 2012)		0.59
"AT-101 (A), a small molecule oral inhibitor of the Bcl-2 family, has activity alone and in combination with docetaxel (Taxotere) and prednisone (DP) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)."( Randomized phase II trial of docetaxel plus prednisone in combination with placebo or AT-101, an oral small molecule Bcl-2 family antagonist, as first-line therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Berry, WR; Brookes, M; Burke, JM; Caton, JR; Fleming, MT; Galsky, MD; Holmlund, JT; Hutson, TE; Karlov, P; Leopold, L; Matveev, V; Sonpavde, G; Wood, BA, 2012)		0.38
"AT-101 was tolerable but did not extend OS when combined with DP in mCRPC; a potential benefit was observed in high-risk patients."( Randomized phase II trial of docetaxel plus prednisone in combination with placebo or AT-101, an oral small molecule Bcl-2 family antagonist, as first-line therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Berry, WR; Brookes, M; Burke, JM; Caton, JR; Fleming, MT; Galsky, MD; Holmlund, JT; Hutson, TE; Karlov, P; Leopold, L; Matveev, V; Sonpavde, G; Wood, BA, 2012)		0.38
" Together, our data suggest the potential for proteasome inhibitor based therapy in CLL and the rationale design of drug combination strategies based on CLL biology."( The investigational agent MLN2238 induces apoptosis and is cytotoxic to CLL cells in vitro, as a single agent and in combination with other drugs.
Advani, P; Akhtar, D; Chanan-Khan, A; Chitta, K; Colon-Otero, G; Foran, J; Khan, AN; Masood, A; Miller, KC; Paulus, A; Rivera, C; Roy, V, 2014)		0.4
" In this study, the possible synergistic cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of octreotide in combination with AT-101 was investigated in DU-145 hormone and drug refractory prostate cancer cell line."( Octreotide in combination with AT-101 induces cytotoxicity and apoptosis through up-regulation of somatostatin receptors 2 and 5 in DU-145 prostate cancer cells.
Atmaca, H; Bulut, G; Degirmenci, M; Erdogan, AP; Karabulut, B; Karaca, B; Uslu, R; Uzunoglu, S, 2016)		0.43
" Given the evidence of activity in xenograft models, treatment with AT-101 in combination with docetaxel is a therapeutic doublet of interest in metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma."( A phase II trial of the BCL-2 homolog domain 3 mimetic AT-101 in combination with docetaxel for recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic head and neck cancer.
Bellile, E; Bradford, C; Carey, TE; Chepeha, DB; Eisbruch, A; Jackson, TL; Malloy, K; McKean, E; McLean, S; Moyer, J; Nör, JE; Pearson, AT; Prince, M; Sacco, AG; Shuman, A; Spector, ME; Sukari, A; Swiecicki, PL; Taylor, JM; Wang, S; Wolf, GT; Worden, FP, 2016)		0.43

Bioavailability

Gossypol modifies its antifertility activity. It induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity. It reduced peripheral lipid metabolism, and enhanced hepatic lipid accumulation.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Interspecies oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of (+/-)-gossypol were compared in male Fischer-344 rats and B6C3F mice after a 1) single intravenous dose, 2) single oral dose, and 3) 14 consecutive, daily, oral doses; all doses were 10 and 50 mg/kg rats and mice, respectively."( Interspecies comparison of pharmacokinetic profile and bioavailability of (+/-)-gossypol in male Fischer-344 rats and male B6C3F mice.
Abou-Donia, MB; Obih, P; Othman, MA, 1989)		0.74
" The bioavailability of a single oral dose of (+/-)-gossypol in rats was 60%."( Pharmacokinetic profile of (+/-)-gossypol in male Sprague-Dawley rats following single intravenous and oral and subchronic oral administration.
Abou-Donia, MB; Othman, MA, 1988)		0.81
" Mean (+/- SD) oral bioavailability of (+/-)-gossypol in dogs was 30."( Pharmacokinetics of (+/-)-, (+)-, and (-)-gossypol in humans and dogs.
Tang, ZM; Wang, MZ; Wu, DF; Yu, YW, 1986)		0.8
" This effect, presumably mediated through changes caused to the bioavailability of gossypol, modifies its antifertility activity."( Chronic ethanol intake may delay the onset of gossypol-induced infertility in the male rat.
Aire, TA; Akingbemi, BT; Rao, PV, )		0.61
" (+/-)-Gossypol and (-)-gossypol showed comparable pharmacokinetic profile and oral bioavailability (12."( Comparison of pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiling among gossypol, apogossypol and apogossypol hexaacetate.
Cork, RL; Coward, LC; Gorman, GS; Jia, L; Kerstner-Wood, CD; Kitada, S; Noker, PE; Pellecchia, M; Reed, JC, 2008)		1.04
"Dietary antinutritional factors have been reported to adversely affect the digestibility of protein, bioavailability of amino acids and protein quality of foods."( Impact of antinutritional factors in food proteins on the digestibility of protein and the bioavailability of amino acids and on protein quality.
Cockell, KA; Sarwar Gilani, G; Wu Xiao, C, 2012)		0.38
" These results demonstrate that gossypol induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity; reduced peripheral lipid metabolism, and enhanced hepatic lipid accumulation; decreased amino acid bioavailability and milk protein synthesis; and decreased gluconeogenesis and milk lactose in dairy cows."( Metabolic Characterization of Dairy Cows Treated with Gossypol by Blood Biochemistry and Body Fluid Untargeted Metabolome Analyses.
Tang, C; Zhan, T; Zhang, J; Zhang, K; Zhao, Q, 2017)		0.99
"Our data suggest that PEGylation improved the bioavailability of Gn as well as achieved tumor-targeted delivery and controlled release of Gn, which enhanced its overall biocompatibility and drug efficacy in vivo."( Natural product derivative Gossypolone inhibits Musashi family of RNA-binding proteins.
Appelman, C; Aubé, J; De Guzman, RN; Gao, P; Gowthaman, R; Karanicolas, J; Lan, L; Larsen, S; Liu, FY; Liu, H; Marquez, RT; Neufeld, KL; Rogers, S; Smith, AR; Wu, X; Xu, L; Yu, J, 2018)		0.78
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)		0.51
" However, the clinical application of (-)-gossypol was often hindered by its evident side effects and the low bioavailability via oral administration, which necessitated the development of suitable (-)-gossypol preparations to settle the problems."( Cyclic RGD-Decorated Liposomal Gossypol AT-101 Targeting for Enhanced Antitumor Effect.
Chen, S; Fu, X; Liu, H; Luo, Y; Qu, K; Shi, H; Wang, S; Wu, A; Zeng, W; Zhang, C; Zhang, D; Zhang, H; Zhang, R; Zhang, Z, 2022)		1.27

Dosage Studied

Gossypol is more toxic in vitro for amoebae than other drugs widely used clinically. GHQ had a synergistic effect on survival and days-to-pupation when combined with gossypOL at the highest dosage tested.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" With the increase in dosage and duration of treatment the spermatocytes are also damaged."( Gossypol--a new antifertility agent for males.
, 1979)		1.7
" Besides, inhibition effect on the proliferation of prostatic epithelial cells was dosage dependent and related to the duration of treatment."( [Effect of gossypol on the proliferation of rat prostate cells studies in vivo and in vitro].
Chang, SM; Lei, LF; Tian, L, 1992)		0.67
" Tolerance to this effect of ethanol is expressed by a rightward shift of the dose-response curve in aorta from animals intoxicated with ethanol for 2 days."( Endothelium-dependent tolerance to ethanol-induced contraction of rat aorta: effect of inhibition of EDRF action and nitric oxide synthesis.
Knych, ET, 1992)		0.28
" Gossypol treatments inhibited cell multiplication at 10 and 20 micrograms/ml concentrations and this inhibitory effect increased with elevated dosage and prolonged treatment."( Genotoxic effects of gossypol acetic acid on cultured murine erythroleukemia cells.
Baker, MA; Daehler, CC; Daly, EP; Kleemeyer, KM; Majumdar, SK, 1991)		1.51
" Our data suggest that both the route of drug administration and dosing regimen employed affect the antiinflammatory potency and/or efficacy of compounds on colitis induced by acetic acid in the rat."( Antiinflammatory effects of various drugs on acetic acid induced colitis in the rat.
Bostwick, JS; Decktor, DL; Fitzpatrick, LR; Pendleton, RG; Renzetti, M, 1990)		0.28
" Results showed that the expected dose-response reduction in gamete quantity and quality was accompanied by reductions in reproductive organ weights and copulatory performance, but the reductions were modest and principally with the higher dosages."( Search for a male contraceptive: the effect of gossypol on sexual motivation and epididymal sperm.
Bardgett, M; Griffin, MG; Taylor, GT, 1991)		0.54
" Sexual motivation fell as the dosage of gossypol increased."( Search for a male contraceptive: the effect of gossypol on sexual motivation and epididymal sperm.
Bardgett, M; Griffin, MG; Taylor, GT, 1991)		0.8
" The dose-response curve of SNP was shifted to the right, and the relaxation to verapamil was slightly reduced."( Endothelium-derived relaxing factor influences renal vascular resistance.
Förstermann, U; Frölich, JC; Radermacher, J, 1990)		0.28
" A dose-response relation was not observed, and a small increase in the frequency of SCE was obtained."( [Frequency of sister chromatid exchange in mice treated with gossypol].
González-Garza, MT; Leal-Garza, CH; Valenciano-Cedillo, G, )		0.37
" Gossypol is more toxic in vitro for amoebae than other drugs widely used clinically, its pharmacological effects and safe dosage in humans are well known because of its antifertilizing effect, and it is accumulated mainly in the liver and colon."( High susceptibility of five axenic Entamoeba histolytica strains to gossypol.
Gonzalez-Garza, MT; Mata-Cárdenas, BD; Said-Fernández, S, )		1.28
" While other attempts at gossypol detoxification using divalent ions have been, mainly, in the form of calcium hydroxide and/or ferrous sulphate, this paper describes the dose-response relationships between dietary oyster shell (a much cheaper source of calcium than Ca(OH)2) and some serum constituents and erythrocyte indices in the chicken fed gossypol-containing cottonseed cake (CSC) diets."( Effect of varying levels of oyster shell on serum constituents and erythrocyte indices in growing chicken fed gossypol-containing Nigerian cottonseed cake.
Aletor, VA, 1989)		0.79
" In mice a single, dose of (+/-)-gossypol showed a biexponential plasma concentration pattern; daily dosing was monoexponential and was eliminated twice as fast as the single dose."( Interspecies comparison of pharmacokinetic profile and bioavailability of (+/-)-gossypol in male Fischer-344 rats and male B6C3F mice.
Abou-Donia, MB; Obih, P; Othman, MA, 1989)		0.79
" Although no conspicuous loss in sperm motility and breeding performance occurred with this dosing regimen, even after prolonged treatment, a statistically significant reduction in serum testosterone (T) and decreases in accessory organ weights were observed after only 3 weeks."( Reproductive endocrine function in gossypol-treated male rats.
de Peyster, A; Srebnik, HH, )		0.41
" The results indicate that multiple oral dosing of (+/-)-gossypol resulted in its longer retention in body tissue than a single oral dose."( Pharmacokinetic profile of (+/-)-gossypol in male Sprague-Dawley rats following single intravenous and oral and subchronic oral administration.
Abou-Donia, MB; Othman, MA, 1988)		0.8
" This study further confirmed the genotoxic effects of gossypol acetic acid by investigating the dose-response relationships of gossypol acetic acid-induced SCEs in spermatogonial cells and bone marrow cells of mice."( Gossypol acetate-induced SCEs in spermatogonia and bone marrow cells of mice: dose-response relationships.
Tan, YB; Wang, RL; Zhang, ZS, 1988)		1.96
" When administered at a dosage of 8 mg/kg/day, (-)-gossypol produced the same antifertility effects as twice that dose of racemic gossypol-acetic acid."( Large-scale resolution of gossypol enantiomers for biological evaluation.
Belenguer, A; Brookes, AN; Matlin, SA; Tyson, RG; Zhou, RH, 1988)		0.83
" The lambs were allotted to 4 groups (A, B, C, D) and given (orally for 30 days) a daily dosage of gossypol (0, 45, 136, or 409 mg, respectively)."( Clinical, clinicopathologic, pathologic, and toxicologic alterations associated with gossypol toxicosis in feeder lambs.
Edwards, WC; Martin, T; Morgan, GL; Morgan, S; Stair, EL, 1988)		0.72
"(+)-Gossypol has neither antifertility effect nor toxicity at the dosage of 30 mg/kg orally for 14 days in male rats, but slight damage was found in the germinal epithelium of the testis in animals dosed for 4 weeks."( Effect of (-)- and (+)-gossypol on fertility in male rats.
Guan, MH; Lei, HP; Wang, NG; Zhou, LF, 1987)		1.14
"Gossypol acetic acid (GAA) at the dosage of 30 mg/kg daily for 2 weeks could prolong the sleeping time of pentobarbital, increase the SGPT level, decrease the liver concentration of cytochrome P-450 and GSH content, inhibit the activity of cytochrome C reductase and aminopyrine-N-demethylase, but was without effect on cytochrome b5 and aniline hydroxylase."( Hepatotoxicity of gossypol in rats.
Lei, HP; Wang, Y, 1987)		2.05
"Ultrastructural changes were observed in the oocytes and granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles of sexually mature female rats treated daily for 60 days with gossypol acetic acid at a dosage known to induce sterility in male rats (20 mg/kg body weight, orally)."( Effects of ingested gossypol on the ultrastructure of rat ovarian follicles.
Jensen, DR; Nadakavukaren, MJ; Pan, LC, 1987)		0.79
" Minor biochemical changes were noted at this dosage level."( The toxicity of gossypol to the male rat.
Gopinath, C; Heywood, R; Lloyd, GK; Majeed, SK, 1986)		0.62
" Overall, based on the limited dosing schedule employed, the minus isomer appears about twice as potent as the racemic mixture."( (-)-Gossypol: an active male antifertility agent.
Bialy, G; Blye, RP; Lindberg, MC; Matlin, SA; Naqvi, RH; Zhou, R, 1985)		0.83
" Splenectomized rats dosed with GAA exhibited a significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and erythrocyte count."( Radioiron utilization and gossypol acetic acid in male rats.
Jensen, DR; Tone, JN, 1985)		0.57
" In vitro dose-response curves showed a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for inhibition of soluble testicular adenylate cyclase by gossypol of 400 microM in each treatment group."( Gossypol modulation of nucleotide metabolizing enzymes in the reproductive tract of male rats.
Hoffer, AP; Olgiati, KL; Toscano, WA, 1984)		1.91
" In addition, the in vitro spermicidal activity on human semen, antifertility effect on male rats, and the toxic reaction of male mice by taking large dosage were preliminarily studied."( Studies on fertility control-the formation and antifertility effect of polyvinyl-pyrolidone-gossypol complex.
Feng, XD; Gu, ZW; Jiang, Y, 1984)		0.49
" The dosage in the 2nd stage, the maintenance period, was reduced to 1/3 of the original dose to maintain infertility."( Clinical study of gossypol as a male contraceptive.
Liu, GZ, )		0.47
" No appreciable differences were observed in plasma levels of TPC and LDL + VLDL-chol among 5 mg/kg/day gossypol-treated animals when compared to controls until the gossypol dosage was increased to 10 mg/kg/day, thus suggesting that hypolipidemic effect of gossypol is dose-dependent."( Hypolipidemic effects of gossypol in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).
Clarkson, TB; Shandilya, LN, 1982)		0.78
"01); dosage below 15 mg had no antifertility effect even after 20 weeks."( Antifertility efficacy of gossypol acetic acid in male rats.
Frick, J; Rovan, E; Weinbauer, GF, )		0.43
" Infertility was exhibited at the end of the 4-week dosing period."( Deposition pattern of the antifertility agent, gossypol, in selected organs of male rats.
Bozek, SA; Jensen, DR; Sorensen, RH; Tone, JN, 1982)		0.52
" However, (+) gossypol at the dosage of 40 mg."( [Effect of (+), (-) and (+/-) gossypol on early pregnancy in rats].
Guan, MZ; Wang, NG, 1996)		0.94
" The present study sought to confirm the persistence of hypokalemia at two higher dosage levels (7."( Gossypol-induced hypokalemia and role of exogenous potassium salt supplementation when used as an antispermatogenic agent in male langur monkey.
Kumar, M; Lohiya, NK; Sharma, S, 1997)		1.74
" Long-term daily dosing with gossypol is associated with minimal side effects and no myelosuppression."( Stereo-specific cytotoxic effects of gossypol enantiomers and gossypolone in tumour cell lines.
Evans, A; Fish, RG; Groundwater, P; Hartley, L; Mason, M; Morgan, JJ; Mort, D; Shelley, MD, 1999)		0.87
" The optimal oral dosage of gossypol has been found to be 20 mg/day."( [The clinical study of gossypol in 8,806 men].
, 1985)		0.87
" The fathers of test group members had been previously given oral doses of 20 mg/day gossypol acetate until sperm counts of less than 4 million/ml were achieved (generally 60-90 days after 1st medication), after which dosage was shifted to 40 mg/week."( [Gossypol acetate users].
Tan, FQ, 1986)		1.4
" Besides the contraceptive dosage of gossypol has produced harmful effects on the liver."( [Gossypol and its related compounds as contraceptive drugs and drugs for gynecological diseases].
Wu, GP, 1988)		1.46
" When the contraceptive effects were shown, a weekly maintenance dosage was administered."( [A possible mechanism of gossypol-induced hypokalemia and its relation to gossypol dose].
Chen, ZX; Wang, YX, 1991)		0.58
" When his sperm count dropped below 4 million per ml semen, each participant's dosage was reduced to 200 to 300 mg per month."( [Sister chromatid exchanges in gossypol formic acid users after its discontinuation].
Wang, R, 1986)		0.56
" Results showed that the dosage regimen could damage the epididymal sperms and onset of antifertility within 6 weeks in male rats, and prevent the incidence of the side effect of irreversible azoospermia."( [A beam of dawn light of study on gossypol as a safe, effective, and reversible male antifertility contraceptive--evaluation of the studies by using low dose gossypol combined with steroid hormone for male contraception].
Xue, S, 2000)		0.59
" However, there was no significant difference in the mean seminal plasma zinc levels throughout the period of observation irrespective of the dosage regimen of gossypol used by the subjects."( Seminal plasma zinc level in users of gossypol.
Adejuwon, CA; Adekunle, AO; Arowojolu, AO; Ladipo, OA; Okpara, NC, )		0.6
" In this paper novel tissue-dependent response to differential dosing regimen of gossypol and gossypol in association with Sn-protoporphyrin (SnPP) is described."( Modulatory influence of tin-protoporphyrin on gossypol-induced alterations of heme oxygenase activity in male Wistar rats.
Aneja, R; Chandra, R; Dass, SK, )		0.62
" Results demonstrated that the combined dosage regimen could damage epididymal sperm motility and density, and induce infertility within 8 weeks in rats; the infertility could be consistently sustained by giving single GA (12."( Combined administration of low-dose gossypol acetic acid with desogestrel/mini-dose ethinylestradiol/testosterone undecanoate as an oral contraceptive for men.
Cui, GH; Guo, Y; Xue, SP; Yang, ZJ; Ye, WS, 2004)		0.6
" Each molecule was screened in at least seven concentrations, such that dose-response curves were obtained for all molecules in the library."( A high-throughput screen for aggregation-based inhibition in a large compound library.
Austin, CP; Babaoglu, K; Feng, BY; Inglese, J; Jadhav, A; Shoichet, BK; Simeonov, A, 2007)		0.34
" Daily oral dosing studies showed that mice tolerate doses of apogossypol 2- to 4-times higher than gossypol."( Bcl-2 antagonist apogossypol (NSC736630) displays single-agent activity in Bcl-2-transgenic mice and has superior efficacy with less toxicity compared with gossypol (NSC19048).
Jia, L; Kitada, S; Krajewska, M; Kress, CL; Pellecchia, M; Reed, JC, 2008)		0.91
"5 mg/kg d); Group H: the same dosage of DSG/EE/TU as in Group GH; Group C: rats were treated with vehicle (1% methyl cellulose) as control."( Effects of combined administration of low-dose gossypol with steroid hormones on the mitotic phase of spermatogenesis of rat.
Chang, Q; Qian, X; Xu, Z; Zhang, C, 2010)		0.62
" Unlike trials with continuous daily dosing of AT-101, no cases of small bowel obstruction were reported."( Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized phase 2 study of the proapoptotic agent AT-101 plus docetaxel, in second-line non-small cell lung cancer.
Holmlund, JT; Karaseva, NA; Leopold, L; Luft, AV; Orlov, SV; Popovych, O; Ready, N; Wood, BA, 2011)		0.37
" Notably, the growth of human prostate tumor PC-3 xenografts in mice was significantly suppressed by (-)-gossypol at a dosage of 15 mg/kg/d."( (-)-Gossypol suppresses the growth of human prostate cancer xenografts via modulating VEGF signaling-mediated angiogenesis.
Chen, J; Liu, M; Lu, B; Pang, X; Qu, W; Wang, J; Wu, Y; Yi, Z, 2011)		1.14
"5 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)) was given; group H, the same dosage of DSG/EE/TU as in group GH were administered; group C, rats were treated with vehicle (1% methyl cellulose) as control."( Drug synergistic antifertility effect of combined administration of low-dose gossypol with steroid hormones in rats.
Chang, Q; Hei, CC; Liu, Z; Ma, WZ; Qian, XJ; Shen, XS; Xu, ZL, 2011)		0.6
" Thus, we hypothesized that BH3-mimetic drugs that antagonize Bcl-2 family proteins may exert a greater efficacy when dosed metronomically."( Metronomic dosing of BH3 mimetic small molecule yields robust antiangiogenic and antitumor effects.
Dong, Z; Imai, A; Krishnamurthy, S; Light, E; Nör, JE; Visioli, F; Wang, S; Worden, F; Zeitlin, BD; Zhang, Z, 2012)		0.38
" Neutropenia in cycle 1 may be a pharmacodynamic marker for docetaxel, which may enable tailored dosing in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)."( Neutropenia as a potential pharmacodynamic marker for docetaxel-based chemotherapy in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Berry, WR; Galsky, MD; Leopold, L; Pond, GR; Sonpavde, G; Wood, BA, 2012)		0.38
" One-fifth normal dosage of the two drugs in MLDC NCs exhibited significantly higher anti-tumor efficiency in reducing tumor size compared with free drugs combination or single drug-loaded nanoparticles individually, indicating that the mulberry-like dual-drug nanoplatform has a great potential in tumor therapy."( Mulberry-like dual-drug complicated nanocarriers assembled with apogossypolone amphiphilic starch micelles and doxorubicin hyaluronic acid nanoparticles for tumor combination and targeted therapy.
Chen, M; Gao, W; Li, K; Liu, H; Liu, J; Wu, D; Xu, L; Zeng, Y, 2015)		0.65
" Twenty-four female Wistar rats were assigned to two equal groups: one control group and the other dosed with gossypol (25 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously) for 15 days."( Gossypol promotes degeneration of ovarian follicles in rats.
de Macedo, MF; Gadelha, IC; Melo, MM; Oloris, SC; Soto-Blanco, B, 2014)		2.06
" However, GHQ had a synergistic effect on survival and days-to-pupation when combined with gossypol at the highest dosage tested (0."( Gossypolhemiquinone, a dimeric sesquiterpenoid identified in cotton (Gossypium).
Bell, A; Dowd, M; Duke, S; Esquivel, J; Frelichowski, J; Hake, K; O'Neil, M; Puckhaber, L; Stipanovic, R; Westbrook, J, 2016)		2.1
" No significant differences were noted between dosing strategies."( A phase II trial of the BCL-2 homolog domain 3 mimetic AT-101 in combination with docetaxel for recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic head and neck cancer.
Bellile, E; Bradford, C; Carey, TE; Chepeha, DB; Eisbruch, A; Jackson, TL; Malloy, K; McKean, E; McLean, S; Moyer, J; Nör, JE; Pearson, AT; Prince, M; Sacco, AG; Shuman, A; Spector, ME; Sukari, A; Swiecicki, PL; Taylor, JM; Wang, S; Wolf, GT; Worden, FP, 2016)		0.43
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Pathways (1)

PathwayProteinsCompounds
gossypol biosynthesis021

Protein Targets (187)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.48980.003245.467312,589.2998AID2517
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.00010.004023.8416100.0000AID485290
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolaseGiardia intestinalisPotency19.35030.140911.194039.8107AID2451
Chain A, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.99180.025120.237639.8107AID886; AID893
Chain B, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.99180.025120.237639.8107AID886; AID893
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate OxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.56480.177814.390939.8107AID2147
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q1Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.98680.125919.1169125.8920AID2549; AID2708
Chain A, CruzipainTrypanosoma cruziPotency21.82140.002014.677939.8107AID1476; AID1478
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency40.53340.007215.758889.3584AID624030
acetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)Potency38.90180.002541.796015,848.9004AID1347398
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency30.54610.100020.879379.4328AID488772; AID488773; AID588453; AID588456
15-lipoxygenase, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.00000.012610.691788.5700AID887
pregnane X receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62280.025127.9203501.1870AID651751
phosphopantetheinyl transferaseBacillus subtilisPotency50.11870.141337.9142100.0000AID1490
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunitHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.75363.189029.884159.4836AID1224846; AID1224894
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency9.19100.006038.004119,952.5996AID1159521; AID1159523
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency106.82200.173734.304761.8120AID1346924
ATAD5 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.64450.004110.890331.5287AID493107; AID504466
Fumarate hydrataseHomo sapiens (human)Potency36.06130.00308.794948.0869AID1347053
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.33670.031637.5844354.8130AID504865
GLS proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency33.55210.35487.935539.8107AID624146; AID624170
PPM1D proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.36170.00529.466132.9993AID1347411
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency106.82200.173734.304761.8120AID1346924
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency4.52490.000811.382244.6684AID686978; AID686979
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency25.13850.000714.592883.7951AID1259369; AID1259392
Microtubule-associated protein tauHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.12150.180013.557439.8107AID1460; AID1468
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.18850.000221.22318,912.5098AID1259243; AID1259247; AID588515; AID588516; AID743035; AID743042; AID743053; AID743054; AID743063
thioredoxin glutathione reductaseSchistosoma mansoniPotency50.11870.100022.9075100.0000AID485364
Smad3Homo sapiens (human)Potency1.12200.00527.809829.0929AID588855
DNA polymerase III, partialBacillus subtilisPotency10.62131.062114.152826.6795AID485295
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine proteaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency33.49150.013326.981070.7614AID1346978
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency25.51540.011212.4002100.0000AID1030
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.00000.00137.762544.6684AID914; AID915
PINK1Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.51192.818418.895944.6684AID624263
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency6.82780.000657.913322,387.1992AID1259377; AID1259378
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.81020.001022.650876.6163AID1224838; AID1224893
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.00780.000417.946075.1148AID1346784; AID1346795
regulator of G-protein signaling 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency4.22440.531815.435837.6858AID504845
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.80290.01237.983543.2770AID1645841
EWS/FLI fusion proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.53060.001310.157742.8575AID1259252; AID1259253; AID1259255; AID1259256
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency34.18410.000214.376460.0339AID588532; AID588533; AID720691; AID720692; AID720719
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency6.57170.003041.611522,387.1992AID1159552; AID1159555
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.67530.000817.505159.3239AID1159527; AID1159531; AID588546
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.99740.001530.607315,848.9004AID1224819; AID1224820; AID1224821; AID1224841; AID1224842; AID1224848; AID1224849; AID1259401; AID1259403
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.74460.375827.485161.6524AID588526; AID588527; AID743217; AID743220
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.23980.000229.305416,493.5996AID588513; AID743069; AID743075; AID743078; AID743079; AID743080; AID743091
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency38.90180.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)Potency34.67130.00108.379861.1304AID1645840
polyproteinZika virusPotency36.06130.00308.794948.0869AID1347053
67.9K proteinVaccinia virusPotency14.75470.00018.4406100.0000AID720579; AID720580
ParkinHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.81060.819914.830644.6684AID624263; AID720573
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2BHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.84890.707936.904389.1251AID504333
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.89370.001024.504861.6448AID588534; AID588535; AID743215
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.87900.001019.414170.9645AID588536; AID588537; AID743191
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.61530.023723.228263.5986AID588541; AID588543; AID743222; AID743223; AID743241
arylsulfatase AHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.01151.069113.955137.9330AID720538
caspase-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency33.49150.013326.981070.7614AID1346978
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.72260.035520.977089.1251AID504332
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)Homo sapiens (human)Potency46.45150.016525.307841.3999AID602332
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.13170.001723.839378.1014AID743083
activating transcription factor 6Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.53980.143427.612159.8106AID1159516; AID1159519
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.448119.739145.978464.9432AID1159509
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.91450.057821.109761.2679AID1159526
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency52.19520.039147.5451146.8240AID1224845; AID1224896
Caspase-7Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency33.49150.006723.496068.5896AID1346980
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.25090.540617.639296.1227AID2528
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.62280.00207.533739.8107AID891
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproproteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency8.91250.036619.637650.1187AID2100
galactokinaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.69060.943115.289453.0367AID2015
hexokinase-4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency37.61882.511913.800328.1838AID743206; AID743207
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency91.99970.01262.451825.0177AID485313
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.58470.316212.443531.6228AID902; AID924
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.18281.000012.232631.6228AID1452
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.30960.00255.840031.6228AID899
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.73590.00636.904339.8107AID883
D(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.48820.02245.944922.3872AID488981; AID488983
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency21.31800.001815.663839.8107AID894
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.93410.134610.395030.1313AID1347049
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRAHomo sapiens (human)Potency8.81410.354828.065989.1251AID504847
chromobox protein homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.00000.006026.168889.1251AID488953
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.42020.010039.53711,122.0200AID1469; AID1479; AID588547
caspase-3Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency33.49150.006723.496068.5896AID1346980
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency8.92590.000323.4451159.6830AID743065; AID743067
glucokinase regulatory proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency37.61882.511913.800328.1838AID743206; AID743207
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.83250.042027.378961.6448AID743210; AID743228
huntingtin isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.58930.000618.41981,122.0200AID1688
DNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.56230.022421.010289.1251AID485314
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.59470.039816.784239.8107AID1454; AID995
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency26.12160.00669.809418.4927AID1347050
nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency44.66844.466824.832944.6684AID651749
flap endonuclease 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency8.78220.133725.412989.1251AID488816; AID588795
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.06970.65619.452025.1189AID463106; AID463254; AID927
ras-related protein Rab-9AHomo sapiens (human)Potency58.04790.00022.621531.4954AID485297
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.52810.00378.618923.2809AID2660; AID2666; AID2667; AID2668
tyrosine-protein kinase YesHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.74750.00005.018279.2586AID686947
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency34.53350.000627.21521,122.0200AID651741; AID720636; AID743202; AID743219
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency4.30570.425612.059128.1838AID504536; AID624308; AID624312
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.51190.050127.073689.1251AID588590
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency19.19120.00798.23321,122.0200AID2546; AID2551
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.35640.004611.374133.4983AID624297
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.76770.031622.3146100.0000AID588579
survival motor neuron protein isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.48130.125912.234435.4813AID1458
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.62280.031610.279239.8107AID884; AID885
M-phase phosphoprotein 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.00300.177824.735279.4328AID488949
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency79.43280.00419.962528.1838AID2675
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.63200.251215.843239.8107AID504327
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.85410.000311.448431.6228AID896; AID900
4-(cytidine 5'-phospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erithritol kinaseArabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Potency47.269047.269047.269047.2690AID2017
lethal factor (plasmid)Bacillus anthracis str. A2012Potency0.25120.020010.786931.6228AID912
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.23870.891312.067628.1838AID1487
neuropeptide S receptor isoform AHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.58930.015812.3113615.5000AID1461
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.18670.316212.765731.6228AID881
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency27.24670.00339.158239.8107AID1347411; AID1645842
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency38.90180.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.37220.002319.595674.0614AID651631; AID651743; AID720552
Integrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.95260.316211.415731.6228AID924
Integrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.95260.316211.415731.6228AID924
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Caspase-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.85241.12209.584325.1189AID919; AID929; AID996
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Alpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.79630.56239.398525.1189AID652106
Histamine H2 receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Potency14.96130.00638.235039.8107AID881; AID883
D(1A) dopamine receptorSus scrofa (pig)Potency14.68920.00378.108123.2809AID2667
Caspase-7Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.13033.981118.585631.6228AID889; AID897; AID908
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.55711.584913.004325.1189AID927
Type 1 InsP3 receptor isoform S2 Sus scrofa (pig)Potency25.11892.511913.815425.1189AID929
Inositol monophosphatase 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency12.58931.000010.475628.1838AID1457
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.84890.015823.527344.6684AID651778
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency38.90180.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)Potency36.87060.011917.942071.5630AID651632; AID720516
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.32870.011912.222168.7989AID588378; AID651632
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.62281.000012.224831.6228AID885
Histamine H3 receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency12.58933.981110.806415.8489AID897
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency38.90180.01238.964839.8107AID1645842
phosphoglycerate kinaseTrypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927Potency23.93410.07578.474229.0628AID504547
2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutaseLeishmania major strain FriedlinPotency0.01517.568615.230621.3313AID504548
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinaseTrypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927Potency37.93300.060110.745337.9330AID485368
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)1.19160.40007.134454.0000AID1417; AID1418
Estrogen receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)2.55132.161613.689226.3472AID713
eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1 isoform 4Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)64.00001.150012.620025.6529AID855
eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)IC50 (µMol)64.00001.150012.620025.6529AID855
Prolyl endopeptidaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)0.28000.00010.12430.3000AID481341
L-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.90000.05003.76508.5000AID1276043; AID1411566; AID1863552
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrialSus scrofa (pig)IC50 (µMol)4.26832.03004.26839.5400AID1798305; AID296880
Beta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12IC50 (µMol)64.00000.01502.46578.0000AID286782; AID286783
L-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.40000.05000.77001.4000AID1276044
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)0.86000.00052.773925.1700AID1418
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)0.86000.00052.891925.1700AID1418
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)0.86000.00052.747825.1700AID1418
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)0.86000.00052.780225.1700AID1418
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)0.82680.00100.57634.3000AID1326250; AID1434724; AID273187; AID481341; AID743722
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)Ki1.07520.00000.19012.9000AID1194539; AID1263150; AID1296598; AID1313652; AID1320544; AID1326250; AID1331912; AID1447200; AID1599454; AID273186; AID291311; AID293611; AID330776; AID526646; AID776626
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)0.86000.00053.314249.5000AID1418
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki20.00007.00007.00007.0000AID1425899
Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmicSus scrofa (pig)IC50 (µMol)4.76832.03004.76839.5400AID1798305; AID296881
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.50000.01903.41939.3000AID34665
L-lactate dehydrogenase B chainMus musculus (house mouse)Ki1.40001.40001.40001.4000AID1863553
DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)3.00000.20002.07503.0000AID1191749
Caspase-1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)1.23000.00201.70138.8000AID1801388
DNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)5.00000.25502.63016.7000AID1743764
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)IC50 (µMol)2.27402.03005.53139.9000AID296877; AID296879
Kinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)17.90000.00011.405710.0000AID310787; AID740552
BH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)2.39000.02501.08673.0300AID1858754; AID1858796
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)Ki25.00000.00090.19811.2400AID1296599
Bcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)2.78400.00031.04829.5400AID1798305; AID1858796; AID41595; AID462447; AID481340
Bcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.64800.00000.45819.0000AID1194221; AID1253031; AID1263149; AID1313654; AID1320545; AID1331911; AID1599455; AID1754975; AID273188; AID526645
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)1.81920.00442.923510.0000AID1326249; AID1701173; AID1858754; AID721800; AID721801
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.61580.00101.46539.5400AID1253032; AID1263148; AID1296597; AID1320546; AID1326249; AID1331909; AID1447201; AID1599457; AID1701173; AID1754973; AID273189; AID291313; AID431402; AID526650; AID721800; AID721801; AID776627
L-lactate dehydrogenasePlasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)IC50 (µMol)2.64002.64002.64002.6400AID296877
Aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)0.27250.02002.66099.4300AID1677972; AID1677973; AID1677974; AID1677975
L-lactate dehydrogenasePlasmodium falciparum CDC/HondurasIC50 (µMol)4.56202.03004.56209.5400AID1798305
L-lactate dehydrogenase B chainBos taurus (cattle)IC50 (µMol)4.56202.03004.56209.5400AID1798305
L-lactate dehydrogenasePlasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)IC50 (µMol)2.03002.03002.03002.0300AID296879
Bcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki17.70000.00101.25908.1900AID293613
Bcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.46000.00050.15890.4900AID1754974
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1IC50 (µMol)0.90000.90001.25001.6000AID1633130
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)4.57090.10472.71957.0795AID977603
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.47000.08002.46889.8000AID977604
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)3.23590.05002.37979.7000AID977600
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)Ki1.78000.04401.36305.0000AID977601
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)Kd4.80000.00060.95874.8000AID721798
Bcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)Kd169.85500.00010.90252.8000AID348914; AID348915
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)Kd2.56362.32402.56362.6500AID721470; AID721799; AID734888
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (702)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
lipid metabolic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipid metabolic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid metabolic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell migrationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
prostate gland developmentPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of epithelial cell differentiationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of chemokine productionPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathwayPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell cyclePolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of growthPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
hepoxilin biosynthetic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
endocannabinoid signaling pathwayPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
cannabinoid biosynthetic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
lipoxin A4 biosynthetic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
linoleic acid metabolic processPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
lipid oxidationPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
lipoxygenase pathwayPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
lactate metabolic processL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
pyruvate metabolic processL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
glycolytic processL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
antibiotic catabolic processBeta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12
response to antibioticBeta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STATInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNAInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
B cell activation involved in immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STATInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to virusInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of autophagyInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT proteinInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interferon-betaInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of viral genome replicationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of innate immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic processInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell differentiationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
defense response to virusInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
type I interferon-mediated signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasisInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to exogenous dsRNAInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virusInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Lewy body formationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine productionInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathwayInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNAInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
B cell differentiationInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation involved in immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
T cell activation involved in immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
humoral immune responseInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicityHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independentHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of T cell anergyHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
defense responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
immune responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
detection of bacteriumHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-12 productionHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-6 productionHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
protection from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicityHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune responseHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of dendritic cell differentiationHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class IbHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
autophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrestCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transductionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein localizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replicationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespanCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substanceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-rayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
viral processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signalingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomeraseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UVCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiodCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibioticCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behaviorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell deathCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-CCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin DCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shuntCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell-substrate junction assemblyIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell-matrix adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
integrin-mediated signaling pathwayIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
embryo implantationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
blood coagulationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid storageIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
response to activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
smooth muscle cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
platelet activationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathwayIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell-substrate adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid transportIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein localizationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organizationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion mediated by integrinIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrinIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of osteoblast proliferationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
heterotypic cell-cell adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreadingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
tube developmentIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
wound healing, spreading of epidermal cellsIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulusIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
apolipoprotein A-I-mediated signaling pathwayIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
wound healingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic cell clearanceIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bone resorptionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiogenesisIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bone resorptionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cellIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathwayIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast proliferationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
mesodermal cell differentiationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipoprotein metabolic processIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative chemotaxisIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of serotonin uptakeIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesis involved in wound healingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
platelet aggregationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulusIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glomerular mesangial cell proliferationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
blood coagulation, fibrin clot formationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
maintenance of postsynaptic specialization structureIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalizationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trappingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreadingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting opioid receptor signaling pathwayIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of trophoblast cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of extracellular matrix organizationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulusIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic processIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell migrationIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
lactate metabolic processL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
pyruvate metabolic processL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
NAD metabolic processL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte migrationIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
cell-matrix adhesionIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
integrin-mediated signaling pathwayIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
angiogenesisIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
cell-cell adhesionIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion mediated by integrinIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
protein polyubiquitinationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptorsApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to toxic substanceApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell growthApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to cytokineApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of calcium ion transportApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stressApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligandApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycleApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
ossificationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
ovarian follicle developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
metanephros developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesisApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
behavioral fear responseApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
B cell homeostasisApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
B cell apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell-matrix adhesionApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
lymphoid progenitor cell differentiationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of B cell apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemiaApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
renal system processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
melanin metabolic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of nitrogen utilizationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
autophagyApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
humoral immune responseApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
actin filament organizationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
axonogenesisApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
female pregnancyApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
male gonad developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to oxidative stressApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to radiationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to toxic substanceApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
post-embryonic developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to iron ionApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to UV-BApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of gene expressionApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of autophagyApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosolApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
mesenchymal cell developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron maturationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
smooth muscle cell migrationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migrationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
cochlear nucleus developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
gland morphogenesisApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transmembrane transporter activityApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ossificationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growthApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
melanocyte differentiationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell migrationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of B cell proliferationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
hair follicle morphogenesisApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
axon regenerationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein stabilityApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasisApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
glomerulus developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cellular pH reductionApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein localizationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
myeloid cell apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymusApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
osteoblast proliferationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of osteoblast proliferationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to nicotineApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
organ growthApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of multicellular organism growthApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to hydrogen peroxideApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
neuron maturationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
T cell homeostasisApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
ear developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of viral genome replicationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of melanocyte differentiationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
retinal cell programmed cell deathApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of retinal cell programmed cell deathApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilityApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion assemblyApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
spleen developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
thymus developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
digestive tract morphogenesisApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
oocyte developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
skeletal muscle fiber developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of skeletal muscle fiber developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
pigment granule organizationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell developmentApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
homeostasis of number of cells within a tissueApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
B cell receptor signaling pathwayApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
response to glucocorticoidApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virusApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
establishment of localization in cellApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane potentialApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitochondrial depolarizationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiationApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
calcium ion transport into cytosolApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
T cell apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to organic substanceApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic cell apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
motor neuron apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell adhesionApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycleApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of motor neuron apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of anoikisApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathwayApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligandApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
central nervous system developmentSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
female pregnancySolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid import across plasma membraneSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
L-ascorbic acid metabolic processSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cerebral cortex developmentSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transportSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
photoreceptor cell maintenanceSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assemblySolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulusSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular hyperosmotic responseSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
glucose import across plasma membraneSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to Thyroglobulin triiodothyronineSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
glucose transmembrane transportSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
glucose importSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to insulinSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
dehydroascorbic acid transportSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
retinoid metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell maturationAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
renal water homeostasisAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of urine volumeAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
retinol metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
daunorubicin metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
doxorubicin metabolic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
fructose biosynthetic processAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular hyperosmotic salinity responseAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
metanephric collecting duct developmentAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA alkylation repairDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
depurinationDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
base-excision repairDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to organic substanceCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
pattern recognition receptor signaling pathwayCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysisCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
signal transductionCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
osmosensory signaling pathwayCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein autoprocessingCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta productionCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-18 productionCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to bacteriumCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic processCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transductionCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
icosanoid biosynthetic processCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory responseCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory responseCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein maturationCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virusCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
pyroptosisCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharideCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulusCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to type II interferonCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine precursor processingCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor ligand precursor processingCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
AIM2 inflammasome complex assemblyCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwayCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
calcium ion homeostasisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
microglial cell activationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of receptor recyclingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein kinase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
neutral lipid metabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipid metabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial membrane organizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
adult locomotory behaviorAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to iron(II) ionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of phospholipase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of glutamate secretionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of dopamine secretionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle exocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle primingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transmembrane transporter activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of microtubule polymerizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
receptor internalizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein destabilizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to magnesium ionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transporter activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharideAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of monooxygenase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to type II interferonAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to oxidative stressAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
SNARE complex assemblyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of SNARE complex assemblyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of locomotionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transportAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of macrophage activationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of exocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of exocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle endocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle transportAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory responseAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of acyl-CoA biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of serotonin uptakeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of norepinephrine uptakeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of norepinephrine uptakeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
excitatory postsynaptic potentialAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
long-term synaptic potentiationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to interleukin-1Alpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to copper ionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to epinephrine stimulusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
supramolecular fiber organizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinoneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glutathione peroxidase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of synaptic vesicle recyclingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein localization to cell peripheryAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of presynapse assemblyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
amyloid fibril formationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synapse organizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmissionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
DNA double-strand break processing involved in repair via single-strand annealingDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to oxidative stressDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of nucleotide-excision repairDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
DNA recombinase assemblyDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repairDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
DNA recombinationDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair via homologous recombinationDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic recombinationDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair via single-strand annealingDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule-based movementKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
spindle organizationKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindle organizationKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic centrosome separationKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitotic centrosome separationKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
cell divisionKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindle assemblyKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
spindle elongationKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysisCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
heart developmentCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
response to UVCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
protein processingCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
protein catabolic processCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to bacteriumCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast apoptotic processCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
striated muscle cell differentiationCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
protein maturationCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
lymphocyte apoptotic processCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharideCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to staurosporineCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
execution phase of apoptosisCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of plasma membrane repairCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic processCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
protein targeting to mitochondrionBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptorsBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potentialBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein-containing complex assemblyBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of T cell proliferationBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
signal transduction in response to DNA damageBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transportBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of epithelial cell proliferationBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assemblyBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
establishment of protein localization to membraneBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
hepatocyte apoptotic processBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilizationBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
supramolecular fiber organizationBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycleBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast apoptotic processBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic mitochondrial changesBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathwayDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
neutrophil mediated immunityDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
germinal center formationDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxisDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysisDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
membrane protein ectodomain proteolysisDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesionDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
Notch receptor processingDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell chemotaxisDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
protein processingDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
signal releaseDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
B cell differentiationDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell growthDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell migrationDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharideDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of chemokine productionDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor productionDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mast cell apoptotic processDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymusDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion mediated by integrinDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
wound healing, spreading of epidermal cellsDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
amyloid precursor protein catabolic processDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migrationDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activityDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activityDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathwayDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
spleen developmentDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
cell motilityDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to Gram-positive bacteriumDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to high density lipoprotein particle stimulusDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
commissural neuron axon guidanceDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycleDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwayDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferationDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
Notch signaling pathwayDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
protein polyubiquitinationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
blood vessel developmentE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
blood vessel remodelingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rateE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
atrioventricular valve morphogenesisE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
endocardial cushion morphogenesisE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
ventricular septum developmentE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
atrial septum developmentE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrestE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
traversing start control point of mitotic cell cycleE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell population proliferationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
response to toxic substanceE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
response to iron ionE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein processingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron projection developmentE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitinationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
protein sumoylationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
protein destabilizationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
response to magnesium ionE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization to nucleusE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein catabolic processE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
response to cocaineE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
establishment of protein localizationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
response to etherE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitotic cell cycleE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibioticE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein export from nucleusE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
response to steroid hormoneE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of muscle cell differentiationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
proteolysis involved in protein catabolic processE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
protein autoubiquitinationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesisE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assemblyE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hydrogen peroxideE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to vitamin B1E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to alkaloidE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to growth factor stimulusE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to peptide hormone stimulusE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to estrogen stimulusE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-CE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast activationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin DE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediatorE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
response to formaldehydeE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migrationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
amyloid fibril formationE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
response to water-immersion restraint stressE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cell cycleE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of gene expressionE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
response to cytokineBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptorsBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
ovarian follicle developmentBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic developmentBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
endocytosisBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell developmentBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
spermatogenesisBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
male gonad developmentBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic mitochondrial changesBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
fertilizationBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cytokinesisBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferationBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
ectopic germ cell programmed cell deathBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of growthBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic cell proliferationBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to cycloheximideBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilityBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell proliferationBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of developmental processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virusBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane potentialBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to amino acid stimulusBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to alkaloidBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiationBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic process in bone marrow cellBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
dendritic cell apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
hepatocyte apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosisBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reproductive processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligandBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligandBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
response to cytokineInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
cell fate determinationInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of autophagyInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular homeostasisInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein transmembrane transportInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligandInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of anoikisInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligandInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial fusionInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory responsePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of signaling receptor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transformation of host cell by virusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
gluconeogenesisPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
heart developmentPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to nutrientPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
epidermis developmentPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to starvationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cellular ketone metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cholesterol storagePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceridePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fatty acid metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular receptor signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of appetitePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to insulinPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
circadian regulation of gene expressionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
behavioral response to nicotinePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
wound healingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
lipoprotein metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of circadian rhythmPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
steroid hormone mediated signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to ethanolPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gluconeogenesisPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of blood pressurePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glycolytic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nitric oxide metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fatty acid oxidationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory responsePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell developmentPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
enamel mineralizationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to fructose stimulusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA transcriptionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fatty acid transportPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
hormone-mediated signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cell differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
muscle contractionAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
pattern specification processAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cell population proliferationAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein stabilityAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
limb morphogenesisAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of proteolysisAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
roof of mouth developmentAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
face morphogenesisAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activityAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein depolymerizationAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-aspartic acid hydroxylationAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate metabolic processInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic processInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate biosynthetic processInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemiaBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
spermatogenesisBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilityBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
Sertoli cell proliferationBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to estradiol stimulusBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to amyloid-betaBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glycineBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligandBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic processBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptorsBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of autophagyBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potentialBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathwayBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretionBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glucokinase activityBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulusBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
glucose homeostasisBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
type B pancreatic cell proliferationBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of B cell differentiationBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell differentiationBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of proteolysisBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
ADP metabolic processBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
ATP metabolic processBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilityBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
pore complex assemblyBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferationBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulusBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to nicotineBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipidBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligandBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activityBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stressBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell developmentBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
cell population proliferationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of B cell proliferationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear DNA replicationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction in response to DNA damageATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
isotype switchingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA replicationATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypesATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
DNA clamp unloadingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transitionATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transitionATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of receptor internalizationAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of translationAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA metabolic processAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
P-body assemblyAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
stress granule assemblyAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
RNA transportAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic ion transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
heme catabolic processSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic ion transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
heme catabolic processSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
thyroid hormone transportSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (186)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
iron ion bindingPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion bindingPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 8(S)-lipoxygenase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase activityPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
L-lactate dehydrogenase activityL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cadherin bindingL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
beta-lactamase activityBeta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12
hydrolase activityBeta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12
cytokine activityInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
cytokine receptor bindingInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
type I interferon receptor bindingInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase activityInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
TAP bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
peptide antigen bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
TAP bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone bindingHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protease bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
p53 bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast growth factor bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
C-X3-C chemokine bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
insulin-like growth factor I bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
neuregulin bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
virus receptor activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
fibronectin bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
protease bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
protein disulfide isomerase activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase C bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
integrin bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
coreceptor activityIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion molecule bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
fibrinogen bindingIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
L-lactate dehydrogenase activityL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
kinase bindingL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
NAD bindingL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
molecular adaptor activityIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
fibrinogen bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
integrin bindingIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
protease bindingApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
channel activityApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
channel inhibitor activityApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific DNA bindingApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
BH3 domain bindingApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
molecular adaptor activityApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
BH domain bindingApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
glucose transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
kinase bindingSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
dehydroascorbic acid transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
D-glucose transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
retinal dehydrogenase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
aldose reductase (NADPH) activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin H2 endoperoxidase reductase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
glyceraldehyde oxidoreductase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
L-glucuronate reductase activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
glycerol dehydrogenase [NADP+] activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activityAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
damaged DNA bindingDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase activityDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
DNA N-glycosylase activityDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-7-methylguanine glycosylase activityDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-7-methyladenine glycosylase activityDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-3-methylguanine glycosylase activityDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
alkylbase DNA N-glycosylase activityDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
endopeptidase activityCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activityCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic processCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
kinase bindingCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine bindingCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
CARD domain bindingCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
caspase bindingCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase D inhibitor activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
SNARE bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
magnesium ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
actin bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase inhibitor activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipid bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
ferrous iron bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
kinesin bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
Hsp70 protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
histone bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
alpha-tubulin bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
tau protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phosphoprotein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
molecular adaptor activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
dynein complex bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cuprous ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
single-stranded DNA bindingDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule motor activityKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule bindingKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
plus-end-directed microtubule motor activityKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
aspartic-type endopeptidase activityCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activityCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
peptidase activityCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type peptidase activityCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosisCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
death receptor bindingBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
endopeptidase activityDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
metalloendopeptidase activityDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
Notch bindingDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
interleukin-6 receptor bindingDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
integrin bindingDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
peptidase activityDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
metallopeptidase activityDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
SH3 domain bindingDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine bindingDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
PDZ domain bindingDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor bindingDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic processDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
p53 bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin-protein transferase activityE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
5S rRNA bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
ligase activityE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
SUMO transferase activityE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
protein domain specific bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
receptor serine/threonine kinase bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
ribonucleoprotein complex bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase activityE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
NEDD8 ligase activityE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific bindingE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
BH3 domain bindingBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
BH domain bindingBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein transmembrane transporter activityInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
BH3 domain bindingInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
channel activityInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
BH domain bindingInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
transcription coactivator bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear steroid receptor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
phosphatase bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein domain specific bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin conjugating enzyme bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific DNA bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
NFAT protein bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
structural molecule activityAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion bindingAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of muscleAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activityAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-aspartic acid 3-dioxygenase activityAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
L-lactate dehydrogenase activityL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainBos taurus (cattle)
inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol heptakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 5-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 1-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 3-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol 5-diphosphate pentakisphosphate 5-kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
inositol diphosphate tetrakisphosphate kinase activityInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex bindingBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific bindingBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
BH domain bindingBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid bindingBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic processBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase bindingBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
DNA clamp unloader activityATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA bindingAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activitySolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
thyroid hormone transmembrane transporter activitySolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (120)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
nucleusPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
cytoskeletonPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membranePolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
adherens junctionPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionPolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
membranePolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomePolyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
membraneL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase complexL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionL-lactate dehydrogenase A chainHomo sapiens (human)
outer membrane-bounded periplasmic spaceBeta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12
periplasmic spaceBeta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12
extracellular spaceInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionInterferon betaHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
ER to Golgi transport vesicle membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytic vesicle membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
early endosome membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
MHC class I protein complexHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membraneHLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replication forkCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomeCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
PML bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand breakCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell junctionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodium membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
filopodium membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
microvillus membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
integrin alphav-beta3 complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
melanosomeIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
synapseIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membraneIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
integrin alphaIIb-beta3 complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
glycinergic synapseIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
integrin complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-PKCalpha complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-IGF-1-IGF1R complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-HMGB1 complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
receptor complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-vitronectin complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM8 complexIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
synapseIntegrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial inner membraneL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
membraneL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
membrane raftL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase complexL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule membraneIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
integrin alphaIIb-beta3 complexIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
blood microparticleIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
integrin complexIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membraneIntegrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
membraneApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear membraneApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
myelin sheathApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
BAD-BCL-2 complexApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
pore complexApoptosis regulator Bcl-2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membraneSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
female germ cell nucleusSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
photoreceptor inner segmentSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
female pronucleusSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
caveolaSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
intercalated discSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
membraneSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
Z discSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
midbodySolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
cortical actin cytoskeletonSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
sarcolemmaSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
melanosomeSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
blood microparticleSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
presynapseSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
glucose transporter complexSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneSolute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolAldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
nucleoplasmDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial nucleoidDNA-3-methyladenine glycosylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
microtubuleCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
canonical inflammasome complexCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
NLRP1 inflammasome complexCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
NLRP3 inflammasome complexCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
AIM2 inflammasome complexCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
IPAF inflammasome complexCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
protease inhibitor complexCaspase-1Homo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cell cortexAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeletonAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
inclusion bodyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
axonAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
growth coneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
postsynapseAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
supramolecular fiberAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
axon terminusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
protein-DNA complexDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusDNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)
spindle poleKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
spindle microtubuleKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
spindleKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
microtubuleKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
membraneKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
kinesin complexKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleKinesin-like protein KIF11Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCaspase-7Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
membraneBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolBH3-interacting domain death agonistHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
cell-cell junctionDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesionDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle membraneDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membraneDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumenDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeletonDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
membraneDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raftDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneDisintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear bodyE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complexE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
endocytic vesicle membraneE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial inner membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomeBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
Bcl-2 family protein complexBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneBcl-2-like protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
membraneInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
Bcl-2 family protein complexInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneInduced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cortical endoplasmic reticulumAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
sarcoplasmic reticulum membraneAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumAspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylaseHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial inner membraneL-lactate dehydrogenase B chainBos taurus (cattle)
fibrillar centerInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmInositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
Bcl-2 family protein complexBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneBcl-2-like protein 2Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
BAD-BCL-2 complexBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionBcl2-associated agonist of cell death Homo sapiens (human)
Elg1 RFC-like complexATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi networkAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granuleAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
membraneAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
ribonucleoprotein complexAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granuleAtaxin-2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membraneSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membraneSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
membraneSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneSolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (427)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1346987P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1296008Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening2020SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1346986P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID291314Growth inhibition of human MDA-MB-231 cells after 4 days by WST-based assay2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-12, Volume: 50, Issue:14
Structure-based design of flavonoid compounds as a new class of small-molecule inhibitors of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
AID1636825Antifungal activity against Fusarium acuminatum ATCC 46651 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID744861Antiviral activity against Influenza A virus (A/Vietnam/1194/2004(H5N1)) infected in MDCK cells assessed as inhibition of viral entry at 20 uM treated 2 hrs prior to infection2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Synthesis and anti-H5N1 activity of chiral gossypol derivatives and its analogs implicated by a viral entry blocking mechanism.
AID977599Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID526646Binding affinity to BCl22010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-14, Volume: 53, Issue:19
Toward the development of innovative bifunctional agents to induce differentiation and to promote apoptosis in leukemia: clinical candidates and perspectives.
AID1636831Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 2 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID1384637Growth inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring PIB2 deletion mutant at 400 uM measured for 11 hrs by HIP assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Yeast Chemogenomic Profiling Reveals Iron Chelation To Be the Principle Cell Inhibitory Mode of Action of Gossypol.
AID1677971Inhibition of N-His6-tagged human AspH (315-755) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) at 20uM using 1 uM hFX-CP as substrate mixture with 3 uM 2OG, 100 uM L-ascorbic acid and 2 uM FAS incubated for 35 mins by MS analysis2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:20
Small-molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients of approved cancer therapeutics inhibit human aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase.
AID419225Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 0.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID1705065Inhibition of biotinylated 5-(4-((Z)-3-Carboxy-3-hydroxyacryloyl)-4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-((13,35-dioxo-39-((3aR,4R,6aS)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazole-4-yl)-3,6,9,16,19,22,25,28,31-nonaoxa-12,34-diazanonatriacontyl)oxy)benzoi2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 208Unraveling the anti-influenza effect of flavonoids: Experimental validation of luteolin and its congeners as potent influenza endonuclease inhibitors.
AID1636829Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID1331912Inhibition of 5-FAM-QEDIIRNIARHLAQVGDSMDRSIPPG binding to Bcl-2 (unknown origin) preincubated for 30 mins followed by FAM-labeled peptide addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Improved binding affinities of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors by modifying amino acid side chains.
AID1079933Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID481341Displacement of FITC-labeled Bak BH3 peptide from Bcl-2 after 30 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
BI-97C1, an optically pure Apogossypol derivative as pan-active inhibitor of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID437160Ratio of compound IC50 to cisplatin IC50 for human HeLa cells2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Chiral gossypol derivatives: evaluation of their anticancer activity and molecular modeling.
AID310787Inhibition of KSP2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Pharmacophore identification of KSP inhibitors.
AID421429Cytotoxicity against wild type mouse fibroblast assessed as induction of cell death at 10 uM by FITC-annexin V and propidium iodide assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 52, Issue:14
Apogossypol derivatives as pan-active inhibitors of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID499177Toxicity in BALB/c mouse assessed as mortality at 120 umol/kg, po administered daily once for 12 days2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID526645Binding affinity to Bcl-xl2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-14, Volume: 53, Issue:19
Toward the development of innovative bifunctional agents to induce differentiation and to promote apoptosis in leukemia: clinical candidates and perspectives.
AID1755513AUC (0 to infinity) in human at 20 mg/kg, po measured up to 30 hrs by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID448476Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 218/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1636821Antifungal activity against Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID1636826Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID296880Inhibition of pig heart mitochondrial MDH2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors.
AID1754973Binding affinity to Mc1-1 (unknown origin) by fluorescence polarization competition assay2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 47Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of dual Bcl-2/Mcl-1 inhibitors bearing 2-(1H-indol-4-yl)benzoic acid scaffold.
AID1636836Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6635 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID34665The compound was tested for inhibitory activity against Aldose reductase from human placenta1991Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 34, Issue:11
Gossypol and derivatives: a new class of aldose reductase inhibitors.
AID647175Antiviral activity against Influenza A virus (A/Vietnam/1194/2004(H5N1)) infected in MDCK cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication by plaque reduction assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 22, Issue:3
Synthesis and antiviral activities of novel gossypol derivatives.
AID647166Cytotoxicity in human TZM-bl cells by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 22, Issue:3
Synthesis and antiviral activities of novel gossypol derivatives.
AID437157Ratio of compound IC50 to (-)-gossypol IC50 for human HeLa cells2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Chiral gossypol derivatives: evaluation of their anticancer activity and molecular modeling.
AID462447Inhibition of Bcl-xL2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-25, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Fragment-based deconstruction of Bcl-xL inhibitors.
AID1743763Inhibition of FAM-conjugated ssDNA binding to His-tagged wild type RAD52 (unknown origin) expressed in Rosetta2(DE3)/pLysS cells measured after 30 mins by high-throughput fluorescence polarization assay relative to control2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Synthetic Lethality through the Lens of Medicinal Chemistry.
AID744867Antiviral activity against Influenza A virus (A/Vietnam/1194/2004(H5N1)) infected in MDCK cells by plaque reduction assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Synthesis and anti-H5N1 activity of chiral gossypol derivatives and its analogs implicated by a viral entry blocking mechanism.
AID1633130Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa IMPDH using IMP as substrate in the presence of NAD+ incubated for 70 secs2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 167First-in-class allosteric inhibitors of bacterial IMPDHs.
AID1755510Protein binding in human plasma2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID286783Inhibition of Escherichia coli AmpC beta lactamase using relaxed assay conditions in presence of 0.00001% Triton X-100 detergent2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
A high-throughput screen for aggregation-based inhibition in a large compound library.
AID273189Displacement of FAM-Bid from human Mcl1 by FP assay2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-19, Volume: 49, Issue:21
Structure-based design of potent small-molecule inhibitors of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
AID1636827Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. betae after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID448467Antimicrobial activity against Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 242/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1599457Inhibition of MCl-1 (unknown origin)2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 177The chemical biology of apoptosis: Revisited after 17 years.
AID1079942Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID1384631Growth inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring FET3 deletion mutant at 400 uM measured for 11 hrs by HOP assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Yeast Chemogenomic Profiling Reveals Iron Chelation To Be the Principle Cell Inhibitory Mode of Action of Gossypol.
AID448307Antimicrobial activity against Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 208/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID500191Cytotoxicity against mouse CT26 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID1425899Mixed type non-competitive inhibition of glucose displaceable binding of [4-3H]cytochalasin B to GLUT1 in human erythrocyte membranes after 10 mins2016MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 7, Issue:9
Anticancer agents interacting with membrane glucose transporters.
AID1331914Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Improved binding affinities of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors by modifying amino acid side chains.
AID1320545Inhibition of 5-FAM-Bid peptide binding to Bcl-XL (unknown origin) by fluorescence polarization assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-01, Volume: 26, Issue:21
Design, synthesis, and activity evaluation of selective inhibitors of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins: The effects on the selectivity of the P1 pockets in the active sites.
AID500183Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID448463Antimicrobial activity against Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 213/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID500185Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID743722Inhibition of Bcl-2 (unknown origin) after 15 hrs by FRET method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 23, Issue:8
Synthesis and evaluation of 3-(benzylthio)-5-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazol-4-amines as Bcl-2 inhibitory anticancer agents.
AID448275Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 at 400 ug after 18 hrs by disk diffusion method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID421419Inhibition of Bcl-xL at 200 uM by 1D 1H NMR binding assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 52, Issue:14
Apogossypol derivatives as pan-active inhibitors of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID448280Antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240 at 400 ug after 18 hrs by disk diffusion method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID419232Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 0.1 ug/ml after 144 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID1253032Inhibition of Mcl-1 (unknown origin) by fluorescence polarization assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-aryl-rhodanine benzoic acids as anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 inhibitors.
AID1594145Inhibition of Escherichia coli GroEL expressed in Escherichia coli DH5alpha/Escherichia coli GroES expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as reduction in GroEL/GroES-mediated denatured rhodanese refolding by measuring rhodanese enzyme activity 2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 29, Issue:9
HSP60/10 chaperonin systems are inhibited by a variety of approved drugs, natural products, and known bioactive molecules.
AID437162Ratio of compound IC50 to cisplatin IC50 for human M85 cells2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Chiral gossypol derivatives: evaluation of their anticancer activity and molecular modeling.
AID1263154Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 23, Issue:24
Design, synthesis and preliminary biological studies of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID1326268Cytotoxicity against human NCI60 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID41595Inhibitory concentration against Bcl-xl2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 46, Issue:20
Discovery, characterization, and structure-activity relationships studies of proapoptotic polyphenols targeting B-cell lymphocyte/leukemia-2 proteins.
AID421423Induction of apoptosis in human RS11846 cells after 1 to 2 days by FITC-annexin V and propidium iodide assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 52, Issue:14
Apogossypol derivatives as pan-active inhibitors of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID1313654Inhibition of Bcl-XL (unknown origin) using FAM-Bid peptide as substrate by fluorescence polarization-based assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Structural modification of luteolin from Flos Chrysanthemi leads to increased tumor cell growth inhibitory activity.
AID333843In vivo cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells relative to control
AID1677973Inhibition of N-His6-tagged human AspH (315-755) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using 1 uM hFX-CP as substrate mixture with high 200 uM 2OG, 100 uM L-ascorbic acid and 2 uM FAS incubated for 35 mins by MS analysis2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:20
Small-molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients of approved cancer therapeutics inhibit human aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase.
AID500184Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-435 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID1447200Inhibition of 6-carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester fluorescence tagged-Bid BH3 peptide (79 to 99 residues) binding to Bcl-2 (unknown origin) after 30 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 27, Issue:9
Discovery and structure-activity relationship studies of N-substituted indole derivatives as novel Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID448464Antimicrobial activity against Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 237/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1755504Cmax in human at 20 mg, po measured up to 240 hrs by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID1808022Inhibition of porcine heart malate dehydrogenase assessed as critical aggregation concentration preincubated for 5 min followed by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide addition and monitered for 90 sec by spectrophotometric method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-09, Volume: 64, Issue:23
Colloidal Aggregators in Biochemical SARS-CoV-2 Repurposing Screens.
AID273186Displacement of FAM-Bid from human Bcl2 by FP assay2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-19, Volume: 49, Issue:21
Structure-based design of potent small-molecule inhibitors of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
AID293612Displacement of Flu-Bak peptide from recombinant antiapoptotic Bcl-XL protein by fluorescence polarization assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 15, Issue:5
Development of selective inhibitors for anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins from BHI-1.
AID500190Cytotoxicity against mouse 4T1 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID1755517Clearance in human at 40 mg, po BID cotreated with paclitaxel by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID419219Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 20 ug/ml after 192 hrs relative to control2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID647171Inhibition of HIV1 reverse transcriptase activity at 0.8 ug/ml2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 22, Issue:3
Synthesis and antiviral activities of novel gossypol derivatives.
AID1755519Half life in human plasma at 5 ug/ml incubated for 1 to 24 hrs by LC/MS/MS method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID647169Inhibition of HIV1 reverse transcriptase activity at 20 ug/ml2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 22, Issue:3
Synthesis and antiviral activities of novel gossypol derivatives.
AID744862Antiviral activity against Influenza A virus (A/Vietnam/1194/2004(H5N1)) infected in MDCK cells assessed as inhibition of viral entry at 20 uM treated 2 hrs post infection2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Synthesis and anti-H5N1 activity of chiral gossypol derivatives and its analogs implicated by a viral entry blocking mechanism.
AID1755509Half life in human at 20 mg/kg, po measured up to 240 hrs by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID1326245Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID348915Inhibition of interaction between Bcl-xl and Bak by surface plasmon resonance assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 18, Issue:21
Interaction of kendomycin and semi-synthetic analogues with the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xl.
AID1326248Cytotoxicity against mouse CT26 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID1636822Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 204305 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID1599454Inhibition of Bcl2 (unknown origin)2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 177The chemical biology of apoptosis: Revisited after 17 years.
AID448473Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 146/6 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID744865Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for MDCK cells to IC50 for Influenza A virus (A/Vietnam/1194/2004(H5N1))2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Synthesis and anti-H5N1 activity of chiral gossypol derivatives and its analogs implicated by a viral entry blocking mechanism.
AID1755511Cmax in human at 20 mg/kg, po measured up to 30 hrs by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID721801Inhibition of FAM-Bid peptide binding to Mcl1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 by fluorescence polarization-based binding assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Fragment-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of N-substituted-5-(4-isopropylthiophenol)-2-hydroxynicotinamide derivatives as novel Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID348914Inhibition of interaction between GST-tagged Bcl-xl and Bak by surface plasmon resonance assay2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 18, Issue:21
Interaction of kendomycin and semi-synthetic analogues with the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xl.
AID1079931Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID1326247Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID1326255Cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID499178Toxicity in BALB/c mouse assessed as weight loss at 120 umol/kg, po administered daily once for 12 days2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID1434724Inhibition of biotinylated Bim peptide binding to His-tagged Bcl-2 (unknown origin) preincubated for 1 hr followed by biotinylated Bim peptide addition measured after 2 hrs by ELISA2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and evaluation of 5-(1H-indol-3-yl)-N-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amines as Bcl-2 inhibitory anticancer agents.
AID437158Ratio of compound IC50 to (-)-gossypol IC50 for human U87 cells2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Chiral gossypol derivatives: evaluation of their anticancer activity and molecular modeling.
AID1194543Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Design, synthesis and preliminary bioactivity studies of 2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone derivatives as Bcl-2 inhibitors.
AID1755507Clearance in dog at 0.5 mg/kg, iv by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID1755505Tmax in human at 20 mg, po measured up to 240 hrs by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID448282Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 at 400 ug after 18 hrs by disk diffusion method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID293611Displacement of Flu-Bak peptide from recombinant antiapoptotic Bcl2 protein by fluorescence polarization assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 15, Issue:5
Development of selective inhibitors for anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins from BHI-1.
AID448474Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 200/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID977602Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1101973Antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani J-1 after 72 hr by turbimetric assay2002Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-20, Volume: 50, Issue:24
Toxicity of (+)- and (-)-gossypol to the plant pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani.
AID419216Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 20 ug/ml after 96 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID1326246Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID448295Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 18 hrs by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1320544Inhibition of 5-FAM-Bid peptide binding to Bcl-2 (unknown origin) by fluorescence polarization assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-01, Volume: 26, Issue:21
Design, synthesis, and activity evaluation of selective inhibitors of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins: The effects on the selectivity of the P1 pockets in the active sites.
AID437155Anticancer activity against human U87 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Chiral gossypol derivatives: evaluation of their anticancer activity and molecular modeling.
AID406997Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 51, Issue:14
Discovery of nonsteroidal 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 inhibitors by pharmacophore-based screening of virtual compound libraries.
AID500188Cytotoxicity against mouse B16F10 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID344239Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis2008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
Cytotoxic and antibacterial sesquiterpenes from Thespesia populnea.
AID721039Induction of apoptosis in human MCF7 cells assessed as cytochrome c release at 5 uM incubated for 12 hrs in presence of Bax/Bak ShRNA by Western blotting method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 21, Issue:1
3-Thiomorpholin-8-oxo-8H-acenaphtho [1,2-b] pyrrole-9-carbonitrile (S1) derivatives as pan-Bcl-2-inhibitors of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1.
AID1079934Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID448300Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 after 18 hrs by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID421424Induction of apoptosis in human BP3 cells after 1 to 2 days by FITC-annexin V and propidium iodide assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 52, Issue:14
Apogossypol derivatives as pan-active inhibitors of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID296879Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum MDH2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors.
AID1384630Growth inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring FTR1 deletion mutant at 400 uM measured for 11 hrs by HOP assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Yeast Chemogenomic Profiling Reveals Iron Chelation To Be the Principle Cell Inhibitory Mode of Action of Gossypol.
AID448283Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 at 400 ug after 18 hrs by disk diffusion method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1755516AUC (0 to 10 hrs) in human at 40 mg, po BID cotreated with paclitaxel by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID1101972Antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani J-1 after 4 to 5 days2002Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-20, Volume: 50, Issue:24
Toxicity of (+)- and (-)-gossypol to the plant pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani.
AID448304Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 136/6 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1384632Growth inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring CCC2 deletion mutant at 400 uM measured for 11 hrs by HOP assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Yeast Chemogenomic Profiling Reveals Iron Chelation To Be the Principle Cell Inhibitory Mode of Action of Gossypol.
AID344240Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus TISTR5172008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
Cytotoxic and antibacterial sesquiterpenes from Thespesia populnea.
AID448472Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 144/6 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID721799Binding affinity to Mcl1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 by ITC assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Fragment-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of N-substituted-5-(4-isopropylthiophenol)-2-hydroxynicotinamide derivatives as novel Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID448477Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 236/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID296881Inhibition of pig cytosolic MDH2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors.
AID448276Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 at 400 ug after 18 hrs by disk diffusion method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1755518Half life in human at 40 mg, po BID cotreated with paclitaxel by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID1263150Competitive binding affinity to Bcl-2 (unknown origin) using 5-FAM-Bid-BH3 peptide preincubated for 30 mins before 5-FAM-Bid-BH3 peptide addition and measured 20 mins after 5-FAM-Bid-BH3 peptide addition by fluorescence polarization assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 23, Issue:24
Design, synthesis and preliminary biological studies of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID419218Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 20 ug/ml after 192 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID431402Inhibition of recombinant His6-tagged MCL1 (171-326) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and Flu-Bak peptide interaction by fluorescence polarization assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-08, Volume: 52, Issue:19
Structure-activity relationship and molecular mechanisms of ethyl 2-amino-4-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-6-phenyl-4h-chromene-3-carboxylate (sha 14-1) and its analogues.
AID500186Cytotoxicity against human SW620 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID1079937Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID1755508Apparent volume of distribution at steady state in dog at 0.5 mg/kg, iv by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID671067Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 20, Issue:14
Structure-based design of rhodanine-based acylsulfonamide derivatives as antagonists of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein.
AID744864Inhibition of H5N1 subtype neuraminidase up to 20 uM2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Synthesis and anti-H5N1 activity of chiral gossypol derivatives and its analogs implicated by a viral entry blocking mechanism.
AID1326249Inhibition of FAM-Bid binding to human MCL1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 after 30 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID1777431Disruption of interaction between human recombinant GST-tagged MKK3/VF-tagged MYC expressed in HEK293T cells up to 100 uM measured after 2 hrs by TR-FRET assay2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 45Discovery of the first chemical tools to regulate MKK3-mediated MYC activation in cancer.
AID1384633Growth inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring GEF1 deletion mutant at 400 uM measured for 11 hrs by HOP assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Yeast Chemogenomic Profiling Reveals Iron Chelation To Be the Principle Cell Inhibitory Mode of Action of Gossypol.
AID1296598Displacement of FAM-Bid peptide from N-terminal 8x His-tagged Bcl-2 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) after 30 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 59, Issue:7
Bcl-2/MDM2 Dual Inhibitors Based on Universal Pyramid-Like α-Helical Mimetics.
AID1755520Half life in dog plasma at 5 ug/ml incubated for 1 to 24 hrs by LC/MS/MS method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID159612Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum CDC/I/HB-31986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9
Biologically active derivatives of gossypol: synthesis and antimalarial activities of peri-acylated gossylic nitriles.
AID1253034Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-aryl-rhodanine benzoic acids as anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 inhibitors.
AID437156Anticancer activity against human M85 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Chiral gossypol derivatives: evaluation of their anticancer activity and molecular modeling.
AID437159Ratio of compound IC50 to (-)-gossypol IC50 for human M85 cells2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Chiral gossypol derivatives: evaluation of their anticancer activity and molecular modeling.
AID1079932Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID448466Antimicrobial activity against Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 239/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1194539Inhibition of Bcl-2 (unknown origin) using 5-FAM-Bid-BH3 as substrate preincubated for 30 mins before substrate addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence polarization technique2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Design, synthesis and preliminary bioactivity studies of 2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone derivatives as Bcl-2 inhibitors.
AID419222Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 1 ug/ml after 144 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID421430Cytotoxicity against Bax/Bak double knockout mouse fibroblast assessed as induction of cell death at 10 uM by FITC-annexin V and propidium iodide assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 52, Issue:14
Apogossypol derivatives as pan-active inhibitors of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID671070Inhibition of FAM-Bak-BH3 binding to human N-terminal His6-tagged Bcl2 isoform 2 after 4 hrs by fluorescence polarization assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 20, Issue:14
Structure-based design of rhodanine-based acylsulfonamide derivatives as antagonists of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein.
AID1326260Cytotoxicity against human prostate cancer cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID1326263Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 0.33 to 100 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID1079939Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID1331909Inhibition of 5-FAM-QEDIIRNIARHLAQVGDSMDRSIPPG binding to Mcl-1 (unknown origin) preincubated for 30 mins followed by FAM-labeled peptide addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Improved binding affinities of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors by modifying amino acid side chains.
AID103751Inhibitory concentration in MCF-7 cells2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 46, Issue:20
Discovery, characterization, and structure-activity relationships studies of proapoptotic polyphenols targeting B-cell lymphocyte/leukemia-2 proteins.
AID1677975Inhibition of N-His6-tagged human AspH (315-755) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using high 10 uM hFX-CP as substrate mixture with 10 uM 2OG, 100 uM L-ascorbic acid and 2 uM FAS incubated for 35 mins by MS analysis2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:20
Small-molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients of approved cancer therapeutics inhibit human aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase.
AID647179Inhibition of HIV1 reverse transcriptase activity2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 22, Issue:3
Synthesis and antiviral activities of novel gossypol derivatives.
AID385159Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D72008Journal of natural products, Apr, Volume: 71, Issue:4
Combining HPLC-PDA-MS-SPE-NMR with circular dichroism for complete natural product characterization in crude extracts: levorotatory gossypol in Thespesia danis.
AID1808020Inhibition of porcine heart malate dehydrogenase preincubated for 5 min followed by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide addition and monitered for 90 sec by spectrophotometric method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-09, Volume: 64, Issue:23
Colloidal Aggregators in Biochemical SARS-CoV-2 Repurposing Screens.
AID1636833Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 49134 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID419224Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 1 ug/ml after 192 hrs relative to control2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID499179Toxicity in BALB/c mouse assessed as induction of small intestine damage at 120 umol/kg, po administered daily once for 12 days2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID1191750Binding affinity to ethenoadenine containing 5'-TCGAGGATCCTGAGCTCGAGTCGACGXTCGCGAATTCTGCGGATCCAAGC-3' duplex oligonucleotide DNA (unknown origin) at 15 uM by SPR assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 23, Issue:5
Naturally occurring polyphenol, morin hydrate, inhibits enzymatic activity of N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase, a DNA repair enzyme with various roles in human disease.
AID776626Displacement of FAM-Bid BH3 peptide from recombinant Bcl-2 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 after 10 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 69Design and application of a rigid quinazolone scaffold based on two-face Bim α-helix mimicking.
AID1384634Growth inhibition of wild type Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4743 at 500 uM measured for 15 hrs in presence of Fe2+2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Yeast Chemogenomic Profiling Reveals Iron Chelation To Be the Principle Cell Inhibitory Mode of Action of Gossypol.
AID344237Cytotoxicity against human HT29 cells by SRB assay2008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
Cytotoxic and antibacterial sesquiterpenes from Thespesia populnea.
AID1636838Reduction in ergosterol content in Rhizopus stolonifer ATCC 56227 at 256 microg/ml by HPLC analysis2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID273187Binding affinity to human Bcl2 by ELISA2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-19, Volume: 49, Issue:21
Structure-based design of potent small-molecule inhibitors of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
AID1326257Cytotoxicity against human melanoma cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID1326250Inhibition of FAM-Bid binding to human BCL2 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 after 30 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID448301Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541 after 18 hrs by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1368352Spermicidal activity against mouse sperm assessed as motility of sperm at 100 uM after 1 hr by hemocytometric analysis2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 28, Issue:1
Synthesis and biological evaluation of water-soluble derivatives of chiral gossypol as HIV fusion inhibitors targeting gp41.
AID1427422Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
AID1777430Disruption of interaction between human recombinant GST-tagged MKK3/VF-tagged MYC expressed in HEK293T cells at 20 uM measured after 2 hrs by TR-FRET assay2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-01, Volume: 45Discovery of the first chemical tools to regulate MKK3-mediated MYC activation in cancer.
AID1253035Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-aryl-rhodanine benzoic acids as anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 inhibitors.
AID344238Cytotoxicity against human KB cells by SRB assay2008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
Cytotoxic and antibacterial sesquiterpenes from Thespesia populnea.
AID419228Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 0.5 ug/ml after 192 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID977600pIC50 values for sodium fluorescein (10 uM) uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1754975Binding affinity to Bc1-xL (unknown origin) by fluorescence polarization competition assay2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 47Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of dual Bcl-2/Mcl-1 inhibitors bearing 2-(1H-indol-4-yl)benzoic acid scaffold.
AID159610Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum FCB/NC11986Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 29, Issue:9
Biologically active derivatives of gossypol: synthesis and antimalarial activities of peri-acylated gossylic nitriles.
AID526650Binding affinity to MCL12010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-14, Volume: 53, Issue:19
Toward the development of innovative bifunctional agents to induce differentiation and to promote apoptosis in leukemia: clinical candidates and perspectives.
AID1326259Cytotoxicity against human renal cancer cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID448299Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 after 18 hrs by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1079943Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID1194542Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Design, synthesis and preliminary bioactivity studies of 2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone derivatives as Bcl-2 inhibitors.
AID721800Inhibition of biotin-Bim peptide binding to Mcl1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 by ELISA2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Fragment-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of N-substituted-5-(4-isopropylthiophenol)-2-hydroxynicotinamide derivatives as novel Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID1326256Cytotoxicity against human CNS cancer cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID1263148Competitive binding affinity to Mcl-1 (unknown origin) using 5-FAM-Bid-BH3 peptide preincubated for 30 mins before 5-FAM-Bid-BH3 peptide addition and measured 20 mins after 5-FAM-Bid-BH3 peptide addition by fluorescence polarization assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 23, Issue:24
Design, synthesis and preliminary biological studies of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID744868Antiviral activity against H5N1 subtype infected in MDCK cells2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Synthesis and anti-H5N1 activity of chiral gossypol derivatives and its analogs implicated by a viral entry blocking mechanism.
AID1079946Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID1636834Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID740552Inhibition of human recombinant Eg5 ATPase activity expressed in Escherichia coli after 30 mins by malachite green-based spectrophotometric analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62Advances in the discovery of kinesin spindle protein (Eg5) inhibitors as antitumor agents.
AID296877Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum LDH2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors.
AID1633136Competitive inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa IMPDH using IMP as substrate at varying levels and NAD+ in presence of ATP incubated for 70 secs2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 167First-in-class allosteric inhibitors of bacterial IMPDHs.
AID1296597Displacement of FAM-Bid peptide from N-terminal 8x His-tagged MCl-1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) after 30 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 59, Issue:7
Bcl-2/MDM2 Dual Inhibitors Based on Universal Pyramid-Like α-Helical Mimetics.
AID437161Ratio of compound IC50 to cisplatin IC50 for human U87 cells2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Chiral gossypol derivatives: evaluation of their anticancer activity and molecular modeling.
AID1079940Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID1079947Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID286782Aggregate based-inhibition of Escherichia coli AmpC beta lactamase using stringent assay conditions in presence of 0.01% Triton X-100 detergent2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10
A high-throughput screen for aggregation-based inhibition in a large compound library.
AID448303Antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID419234Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 0.1 ug/ml after 192 hrs relative to control2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID1863553Inhibition of mouse LDHB using sodium pyruvate as substrate2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 240Discovery of novel human lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors: Structure-based virtual screening studies and biological assessment.
AID697853Inhibition of horse BChE at 2 mg/ml by Ellman's method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22
Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID1636828Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID1755512Tmax in human at 20 mg/kg, po measured up to 30 hrs by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID1313649Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Structural modification of luteolin from Flos Chrysanthemi leads to increased tumor cell growth inhibitory activity.
AID448294Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 4163 after 18 hrs by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID588212Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in rodents2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID1253031Inhibition of Bcl-xL (unknown origin) by fluorescence polarization assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-aryl-rhodanine benzoic acids as anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 inhibitors.
AID1384636Growth inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring GRX6 deletion mutant at 400 uM measured for 11 hrs by HOP assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Yeast Chemogenomic Profiling Reveals Iron Chelation To Be the Principle Cell Inhibitory Mode of Action of Gossypol.
AID1594144Inhibition of Escherichia coli GroEL expressed in Escherichia coliDH5alpha/Escherichia coli GroES expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as reduction in GroEL/GroES-mediated denatured soluble pig heart MDH refolding by measuring MDH enzyme acti2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 29, Issue:9
HSP60/10 chaperonin systems are inhibited by a variety of approved drugs, natural products, and known bioactive molecules.
AID1079935Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID421421Cytotoxicity against human H460 cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by ATP-LITE assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 52, Issue:14
Apogossypol derivatives as pan-active inhibitors of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID1858754Inhibition of Mcl-1/Bid (unknown origin) by fluorescence polarization assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Development of Mcl-1 inhibitors for cancer therapy.
AID697852Inhibition of electric eel AChE at 2 mg/ml by Ellman's method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22
Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID481345Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells after 3 days by ATP-LITE assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
BI-97C1, an optically pure Apogossypol derivative as pan-active inhibitor of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID1079944Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID437154Anticancer activity against human HeLa cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Chiral gossypol derivatives: evaluation of their anticancer activity and molecular modeling.
AID1701173Displacement of FAM-Bid peptide from recombinant N-terminal His6x-tagged human Mcl-1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) incubated for 30 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 29Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of coumarins as potent Mcl-1 inhibitors for cancer treatment.
AID421422Cytotoxicity against human PC3-ML cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by ATP-LITE assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 52, Issue:14
Apogossypol derivatives as pan-active inhibitors of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID500189Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID296878Inhibition of bovine heart LDH2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors.
AID1079949Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID448308Antimicrobial activity against Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 212/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID419233Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 0.1 ug/ml after 192 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID1313650Cytotoxicity against human HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Structural modification of luteolin from Flos Chrysanthemi leads to increased tumor cell growth inhibitory activity.
AID647168Binding affinity to human serum albumin by fluorescence quenching assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 22, Issue:3
Synthesis and antiviral activities of novel gossypol derivatives.
AID1755521Half life in mouse plasma at 5 ug/ml incubated for 1 to 24 hrs by LC/MS/MS method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID448305Antimicrobial activity against Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 206/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID448475Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 217/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1263153Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 23, Issue:24
Design, synthesis and preliminary biological studies of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID977603pIC50 values for sodium fluorescein (10 uM) uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID721470Binding affinity to cMcl-1 (residues 171 to 327) (unknown origin) by ITC assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 21, Issue:1
3-Thiomorpholin-8-oxo-8H-acenaphtho [1,2-b] pyrrole-9-carbonitrile (S1) derivatives as pan-Bcl-2-inhibitors of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1.
AID344235Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells by SRB assay2008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
Cytotoxic and antibacterial sesquiterpenes from Thespesia populnea.
AID419215Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 20 ug/ml after 48 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID419231Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 0.1 ug/ml after 96 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID1296599Displacement of FAM-p53TAD peptide from N-terminal 8x His-tagged human MDM2 (25 to 108 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) after 30 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 59, Issue:7
Bcl-2/MDM2 Dual Inhibitors Based on Universal Pyramid-Like α-Helical Mimetics.
AID1636830Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 1 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID1754974Binding affinity to Bcl-2 (unknown origin) by fluorescence polarization competition assay2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 47Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of dual Bcl-2/Mcl-1 inhibitors bearing 2-(1H-indol-4-yl)benzoic acid scaffold.
AID1304505Binding affinity to PEST and transmembrane regions lacking N-terminal His6/MBP-tagged human MCl1 (172 to 327 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta2(2DE3) pLysS cells assesed as inhibition of protein interaction with carboxyfluorescein-labeled 262016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-12, Volume: 59, Issue:9
DARC: Mapping Surface Topography by Ray-Casting for Effective Virtual Screening at Protein Interaction Sites.
AID734888Binding affinity to his-tagged Mcl-1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells by ITC analysis2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 59Novel soluble myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1) inhibitor (E,E)-2-(benzylaminocarbonyl)-3-styrylacrylonitrile (4g) developed using a fragment-based approach.
AID406994Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol at 20 uM2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 51, Issue:14
Discovery of nonsteroidal 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 inhibitors by pharmacophore-based screening of virtual compound libraries.
AID448469Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 140/6 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1079938Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID500187Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID1808021Inhibition of porcine heart malate dehydrogenase assessed as reduction in enzyme inhibition at 3 times IC50 preincubated for 5 min followed by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide addition and monitered for 90 sec in presence of 0.01% Triton-X100 by spectrop2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-09, Volume: 64, Issue:23
Colloidal Aggregators in Biochemical SARS-CoV-2 Repurposing Screens.
AID419220Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID1863552Inhibition of human LDHA using sodium pyruvate as substrate2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 240Discovery of novel human lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors: Structure-based virtual screening studies and biological assessment.
AID1411566Inhibition of LDHA (unknown origin)2017MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 8, Issue:8
Discovery of human lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) inhibitors as anticancer agents to inhibit the proliferation of MG-63 osteosarcoma cells.
AID1079936Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID419227Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 0.5 ug/ml after 144 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID1326258Cytotoxicity against human ovarian cancer cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID1079941Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID419230Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 0.1 ug/ml after 48 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID1313652Inhibition of Bcl-2 (unknown origin) using FAM-Bid peptide as substrate by fluorescence polarization-based assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Structural modification of luteolin from Flos Chrysanthemi leads to increased tumor cell growth inhibitory activity.
AID1079945Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID977601Ki values for sodium fluorescein (10 uM) uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID588211Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in humans2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID1276043Competitive inhibition of human LDH5 in presence of NADH2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-28, Volume: 59, Issue:2
Recent Update on Human Lactate Dehydrogenase Enzyme 5 (hLDH5) Inhibitors: A Promising Approach for Cancer Chemotherapy.
AID1447201Inhibition of 6-carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester fluorescence tagged-Bid BH3 peptide (79 to 99 residues) binding to Mcl-1 (unknown origin) after 30 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 27, Issue:9
Discovery and structure-activity relationship studies of N-substituted indole derivatives as novel Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID481340Displacement of FITC-labeled Bak BH3 peptide from Bcl-XL after 30 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-27, Volume: 53, Issue:10
BI-97C1, an optically pure Apogossypol derivative as pan-active inhibitor of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID647170Inhibition of HIV1 reverse transcriptase activity at 4 ug/ml2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 22, Issue:3
Synthesis and antiviral activities of novel gossypol derivatives.
AID1320546Inhibition of 5-FAM-Bid peptide binding to MCL-1 (unknown origin) by fluorescence polarization assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-01, Volume: 26, Issue:21
Design, synthesis, and activity evaluation of selective inhibitors of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins: The effects on the selectivity of the P1 pockets in the active sites.
AID1368347Cytotoxicity against human TZM-bl cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 28, Issue:1
Synthesis and biological evaluation of water-soluble derivatives of chiral gossypol as HIV fusion inhibitors targeting gp41.
AID220417Inhibitory concentration in ZR-75-1 cells2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-25, Volume: 46, Issue:20
Discovery, characterization, and structure-activity relationships studies of proapoptotic polyphenols targeting B-cell lymphocyte/leukemia-2 proteins.
AID448465Antimicrobial activity against Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 238/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID291313Displacement of FAM-Bim peptide from human Mcl1 by fluorescence polarization assay2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-12, Volume: 50, Issue:14
Structure-based design of flavonoid compounds as a new class of small-molecule inhibitors of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
AID721798Binding affinity to Bcl2 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 by ITC assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60Fragment-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of N-substituted-5-(4-isopropylthiophenol)-2-hydroxynicotinamide derivatives as novel Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID1194221Inhibition of GST-tagged Bcl-xL (unknown origin) measured after 1 hr incubation by fluorescence polarization assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 23, Issue:8
A combination of in silico and SAR studies to identify binding hot spots of Bcl-xL inhibitors.
AID291311Displacement of FAM-Bim peptide from human Bcl2 by fluorescence polarization assay2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-12, Volume: 50, Issue:14
Structure-based design of flavonoid compounds as a new class of small-molecule inhibitors of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
AID1677972Inhibition of N-His6-tagged human AspH (315-755) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using 1 uM hFX-CP as substrate mixture with 3 uM 2OG, 100 uM L-ascorbic acid and 2 uM FAS incubated for 35 mins by MS analysis2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:20
Small-molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients of approved cancer therapeutics inhibit human aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase.
AID1313651Inhibition of Bcl-2 (unknown origin) using FAM-Bid peptide as substrate at 50 uM by fluorescence polarization-based assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Structural modification of luteolin from Flos Chrysanthemi leads to increased tumor cell growth inhibitory activity.
AID1331915Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Improved binding affinities of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors by modifying amino acid side chains.
AID1636835Antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID1755514Half life in human at 20 mg/kg, po measured up to 30 hrs by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID421437Induction of spleen weight shrinkage in human Bcl2 expressing B6 transgenic mouse at 72 umol/kg, ip administered as single dose after 24 hrs2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 52, Issue:14
Apogossypol derivatives as pan-active inhibitors of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID1191749Inhibition of human purified MPG pre-incubated with compound for 10 mins followed by addition of 1,N6 ethenoadenine containing 32P-labeled duplex oligonucleotide substrates by gel-based excision activity assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 23, Issue:5
Naturally occurring polyphenol, morin hydrate, inhibits enzymatic activity of N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase, a DNA repair enzyme with various roles in human disease.
AID1313653Inhibition of Bcl-XL (unknown origin) using FAM-Bid peptide as substrate at 50 uM by fluorescence polarization-based assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Structural modification of luteolin from Flos Chrysanthemi leads to increased tumor cell growth inhibitory activity.
AID1755506AUC (0 to infinity) in human at 20 mg, po measured up to 240 hrs by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID406995Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 51, Issue:14
Discovery of nonsteroidal 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 inhibitors by pharmacophore-based screening of virtual compound libraries.
AID1677974Inhibition of N-His6-tagged human AspH (315-755) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using 1 uM hFX-CP as substrate mixture with 3 uM 2OG, 100 uM L-ascorbic acid and high 20 uM FAS incubated for 35 mins by MS analysis2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:20
Small-molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients of approved cancer therapeutics inhibit human aspartate/asparagine-β-hydroxylase.
AID448297Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 18 hrs by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1858796Inhibition of Bcl-xL/Bid (unknown origin) by fluorescence polarization assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Development of Mcl-1 inhibitors for cancer therapy.
AID1079948Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID448281Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 at 400 ug after 18 hrs by disk diffusion method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID419229Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 0.5 ug/ml after 192 hrs relative to control2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID1320548Selectivity index, ratio of Ki for Bcl-2 (unknown origin) to Ki for MCL-1 (unknown origin)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-01, Volume: 26, Issue:21
Design, synthesis, and activity evaluation of selective inhibitors of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins: The effects on the selectivity of the P1 pockets in the active sites.
AID1636823Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 9533 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID744869Selectivity index, ratio of cytotoxicity against MDCK cells to antiviral activity against H5N1 subtype2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Synthesis and anti-H5N1 activity of chiral gossypol derivatives and its analogs implicated by a viral entry blocking mechanism.
AID1633127Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa IMPDH at 35.1 uM using IMP as substrate in the presence of NAD+ incubated for 70 secs relative to control2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-01, Volume: 167First-in-class allosteric inhibitors of bacterial IMPDHs.
AID1326254Cytotoxicity against human non-small cell lung cancer cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID315772Growth inhibition of human PC3 cells after 4 days by WST-8 based assay2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Acylpyrogallols as inhibitors of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
AID448278Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541 at 400 ug after 18 hrs by disk diffusion method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID421436Reduction of spleen weight in human Bcl2 expressing B6 transgenic mouse at 72 umol/kg, ip administered as single dose after 24 hrs2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 52, Issue:14
Apogossypol derivatives as pan-active inhibitors of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID744866Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells by MTT assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Synthesis and anti-H5N1 activity of chiral gossypol derivatives and its analogs implicated by a viral entry blocking mechanism.
AID1326261Cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID448470Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 141/6 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID499176Toxicity in BALB/c mouse assessed as mortality at 120 umol/kg, po administered daily once for 12 days measured on day 82010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID448274Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 4163 at 400 ug after 18 hrs by disk diffusion method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID671069Antiproliferative activity against mouse B16/F10 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 20, Issue:14
Structure-based design of rhodanine-based acylsulfonamide derivatives as antagonists of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein.
AID1326253Cytotoxicity against human leukemia cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID448277Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 at 400 ug after 18 hrs by disk diffusion method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID344236Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells by SRB assay2008Journal of natural products, Jul, Volume: 71, Issue:7
Cytotoxic and antibacterial sesquiterpenes from Thespesia populnea.
AID647165Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected human TZM-bl cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication by luciferase reporter assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 22, Issue:3
Synthesis and antiviral activities of novel gossypol derivatives.
AID1636824Antifungal activity against Rhizopus stolonifer ATCC 56227b after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID419223Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 1 ug/ml after 192 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID588213Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in non-rodents2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID1427421Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
AID744860Inhibition of H5N1 subtype hemagglutinin adsorption into chicken RBC at 100 ug/mL2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Synthesis and anti-H5N1 activity of chiral gossypol derivatives and its analogs implicated by a viral entry blocking mechanism.
AID1253033Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-aryl-rhodanine benzoic acids as anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 inhibitors.
AID977604Ki values for sodium fluorescein (10 uM) uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1313648Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth at 100 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Structural modification of luteolin from Flos Chrysanthemi leads to increased tumor cell growth inhibitory activity.
AID647176Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 22, Issue:3
Synthesis and antiviral activities of novel gossypol derivatives.
AID419226Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 0.5 ug/ml after 96 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID448471Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 143/6 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID744863Antiviral activity against Influenza A virus (A/Vietnam/1194/2004(H5N1)) infected in MDCK cells assessed as inhibition of viral entry at 20 uM treated at the time of infection2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Synthesis and anti-H5N1 activity of chiral gossypol derivatives and its analogs implicated by a viral entry blocking mechanism.
AID419221Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 1 ug/ml after 96 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID1808025Inhibition of SARS-Cov2 N-terminal full-length MBP-tagged 3CL protease expressed in Escherichia coli using DABCYL-KTSAVLQSGFRKME-EDANS as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 3 hrs by fluorescence assay2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-09, Volume: 64, Issue:23
Colloidal Aggregators in Biochemical SARS-CoV-2 Repurposing Screens.
AID448468Antimicrobial activity against Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 243/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1503774Cytotoxicity against human HL cells assessed as cell viability at 50 uM after 72 hrs by resazurin dye based fluorescence assay relative to control2017Journal of natural products, 10-27, Volume: 80, Issue:10
Identification of Privileged Antichlamydial Natural Products by a Ligand-Based Strategy.
AID1263149Competitive binding affinity to Bcl-XL (unknown origin) using 5-FAM-Bid-BH3 peptide preincubated for 30 mins before 5-FAM-Bid-BH3 peptide addition and measured 20 mins after 5-FAM-Bid-BH3 peptide addition by fluorescence polarization assayy2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 23, Issue:24
Design, synthesis and preliminary biological studies of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID1599455Inhibition of Bcl-xL (unknown origin)2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 177The chemical biology of apoptosis: Revisited after 17 years.
AID1326262Cytotoxicity against HEK293T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 0.33 to 100 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-08, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Gossypol with Hydrophobic Linear Esters Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity as an Inhibitor of Antiapoptotic Proteins.
AID1808019Inhibition of SARS CoV2 C-terminal His6-tagged 3CL protease (3264 to 3569 residues) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 DE3 using rr-K(MCA)-ATLQAIAS-K(DNP)-COOH preincubated for 1 hr followed by substrate addition and measured after 1 hr in presence of 0.02021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-09, Volume: 64, Issue:23
Colloidal Aggregators in Biochemical SARS-CoV-2 Repurposing Screens.
AID293613Displacement of Flu-Bak peptide from recombinant antiapoptotic Bcl-w protein by fluorescence polarization assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 15, Issue:5
Development of selective inhibitors for anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins from BHI-1.
AID421420Cytotoxicity against human H1299 cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by ATP-LITE assay2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 52, Issue:14
Apogossypol derivatives as pan-active inhibitors of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID315771Growth inhibition of human MDA-MB-231 2LMP cells after 4 days by WST-8 based assay2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-28, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Acylpyrogallols as inhibitors of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
AID448302Antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 after 18 hrs by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1194541Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Design, synthesis and preliminary bioactivity studies of 2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone derivatives as Bcl-2 inhibitors.
AID776627Displacement of FAM-Bid BH3 peptide from recombinant Mcl-1 (unknown origin) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 after 10 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 69Design and application of a rigid quinazolone scaffold based on two-face Bim α-helix mimicking.
AID448296Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 after 18 hrs by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1331913Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Improved binding affinities of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors by modifying amino acid side chains.
AID500192Solubility of the compound in 100 gram of water2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-12, Volume: 53, Issue:15
A novel water-soluble gossypol derivative increases chemotherapeutic sensitivity and promotes growth inhibition in colon cancer.
AID1427420Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
AID1320547Selectivity index, ratio of Ki for Bcl-2 (unknown origin) to Ki for Bcl-XL (unknown origin)2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-01, Volume: 26, Issue:21
Design, synthesis, and activity evaluation of selective inhibitors of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins: The effects on the selectivity of the P1 pockets in the active sites.
AID1276044Competitive inhibition of human LDH1 in presence of NADH2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-28, Volume: 59, Issue:2
Recent Update on Human Lactate Dehydrogenase Enzyme 5 (hLDH5) Inhibitors: A Promising Approach for Cancer Chemotherapy.
AID273188Displacement of FAM-Bak from human Bcl-xL by FP assay2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-19, Volume: 49, Issue:21
Structure-based design of potent small-molecule inhibitors of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
AID671068Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 20, Issue:14
Structure-based design of rhodanine-based acylsulfonamide derivatives as antagonists of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein.
AID406996Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol at 40 uM2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 51, Issue:14
Discovery of nonsteroidal 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 inhibitors by pharmacophore-based screening of virtual compound libraries.
AID1263155Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 23, Issue:24
Design, synthesis and preliminary biological studies of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors.
AID448279Antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 at 400 ug after 18 hrs by disk diffusion method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID448306Antimicrobial activity against Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 207/7 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID419217Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini at 20 ug/ml after 144 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-01, Volume: 19, Issue:7
Antifungal activity of alkyl and heterocyclic aza-derivatives of gossypol as well as their complexes with NaClO4 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini.
AID528416Toxicity in human PPC1 cells xenografted nude mouse assessed as mortality at 25 mg/kg, ip administered weekly 3 times2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-25, Volume: 53, Issue:22
Synthesis and biological evaluation of Apogossypolone derivatives as pan-active inhibitors of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins.
AID1755515Cmax in human at 40 mg, po BID cotreated with paclitaxel by HPLC method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.
AID1331911Inhibition of 5-FAM-DMRPEIWIAQELRRIGDEFNAYYARR binding to Bcl-XL (unknown origin) preincubated for 30 mins followed by FAM-labeled peptide addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Improved binding affinities of pyrrolidine derivatives as Mcl-1 inhibitors by modifying amino acid side chains.
AID1743764Inhibition of FAM-conjugated ssDNA binding to His-tagged wild type RAD52 (unknown origin) expressed in Rosetta2(DE3)/pLysS cells measured after 30 mins by fluorescence polarization assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23
Synthetic Lethality through the Lens of Medicinal Chemistry.
AID448298Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 by twofold dilution technique2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activity studies of aza-derivatives of phytoalexin from cotton plant--gossypol.
AID1636832Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 18 hrs by serial microdilution assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 26, Issue:17
Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial evaluation of a new gossypol triazole conjugates functionalized with aliphatic chains and benzyloxy groups.
AID330776Binding affinity to BCL22007Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Dec-04, Volume: 104, Issue:49
Small molecule obatoclax (GX15-070) antagonizes MCL-1 and overcomes MCL-1-mediated resistance to apoptosis.
AID504749qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation2011Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043
Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID1798305Lactate Dehydrogenase Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1021/jm070336k: \\Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors.\\2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 50, Issue:16
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors.
AID1801388Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1111/cbdd.12572: \\Lazaroids U83836E and U74389G are potent, time-dependent inhibitors of caspase-1.\\2015Chemical biology & drug design, Nov, Volume: 86, Issue:5
Lazaroids U83836E and U74389G are potent, time-dependent inhibitors of caspase-1.
AID1799904Enzyme Assay from Article 10.1021/cc060110n: \\Generation of oxamic acid libraries: antimalarials and inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase.\\
AID1159550Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening2015Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID504810Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID504812Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1347050Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr2) antagonism - Pilot subtype selectivity assay2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID588349qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation of Cytotoxic Assay
AID1347049Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot screen2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347082qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347086qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID588378qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation
AID1347045Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot counterscreen GloSensor control cell line2019Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1508630Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay2021Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4
A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347083qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID686947qHTS for small molecule inhibitors of Yes1 kinase: Primary Screen2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 23, Issue:15
Identification of potent Yes1 kinase inhibitors using a library screening approach.
AID504836Inducers of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response (ERSR) in human glioma: Validation2002The Journal of biological chemistry, Apr-19, Volume: 277, Issue:16
Sustained ER Ca2+ depletion suppresses protein synthesis and induces activation-enhanced cell death in mast cells.
AID1347425Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)2019The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46
Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347098qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347107qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347105qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347412qHTS assay to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: Counter screen cell viability and HiBit confirmation2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347108qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347097qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347104qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347411qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Mechanism Interrogation Plate v5.0 (MIPE) Libary2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347092qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347090qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347093qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347091qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347424RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)2019The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46
Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347407qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347059CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - Alpha assay qHTS validation2019PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7
Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347058CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - HTRF assay qHTS validation2019PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7
Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347410qHTS for inhibitors of adenylyl cyclases using a fission yeast platform: a pilot screen against the NCATS LOPAC library2019Cellular signalling, 08, Volume: 60A fission yeast platform for heterologous expression of mammalian adenylyl cyclases and high throughput screening.
AID1347151Optimization of GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347057CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - LANCE assay qHTS validation2019PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7
Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347405qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS LOPAC collection2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347158ZIKV-mCherry secondary qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347081qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Confirmatory Screen2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347087qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Confirmatory Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347084qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Confirmatory Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347088qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): Viability assay - Alamar blue signal for LCMV Confirmatory Screen2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID588519A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities2011Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3
High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors.
AID540299A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21
Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID1794808Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).2014Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Apicoplast DNA Polymerase from Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1794808Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).
AID1347161Confirmatory screen NINDS Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347149Furin counterscreen qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347157Confirmatory screen GU Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors qHTS2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347169Tertiary RLuc qRT-PCR qHTS assay for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347172Secondary qRT-PCR qHTS assay for selected Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347170Vero cells viability counterscreen for qRT-PCR qHTS assay of selected Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347171Orthogonal mCherry assay for qRT-PCR qHTS of selected Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347163384 well plate NINDS AMC confirmatory qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347164384 well plate NINDS Rhodamine confirmatory qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1159607Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction2016Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (1,685)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-1990626 (37.15)18.7374
1990's266 (15.79)18.2507
2000's275 (16.32)29.6817
2010's402 (23.86)24.3611
2020's116 (6.88)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 60.00

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index60.00 (24.57)
Research Supply Index7.53 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.57 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index103.58 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (60.00)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials47 (2.60%)5.53%
Reviews96 (5.30%)6.00%
Case Studies5 (0.28%)4.05%
Observational1 (0.06%)0.25%
Other1,661 (91.77%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (12)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
A Phase I, Open Label Study of AT-101 Plus Radiotherapy and Temozolomide and of AT-101 Plus Adjuvant Temozolomide for Patients With Newly-Diagnosed Glioblastoma Multiforme [NCT00390403]Phase 150 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2007-02-28Completed
A Phase 1 Study of R-(-)-Gossypol (Ascenta's AT-101) in Combination With Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Solid Tumors [NCT00891072]Phase 136 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-07-31Completed
A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-controlled Multiple-center Phase III Trial of Gossypol Combined With Docetaxel and Cisplatin Scheme in Advanced Non Small-cell Lung Cancers With APE1 High Expression [NCT01977209]Phase 3204 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2013-09-30Recruiting
Phase I/II Trial of AT-101 in Combination With Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone in Patients With Relapsed Symptomatic Multiple Myeloma [NCT02697344]Phase 110 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-04-14Completed
A Phase II Study of AT-101 in Recurrent Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer [NCT00773955]Phase 215 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-11-30Completed
A Phase 1 Study of R-(-)-Gossypol (AT-101) in Combination With Cisplatin and Etoposide in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors and Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer [NCT00544596]Phase 127 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-09-30Completed
A Phase II Study of AT101, to Abrogate BCL-2 Mediated Resistance to Androgen Ablation Therapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Stage D2 Prostate Cancer [NCT00666666]Phase 255 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-07-31Completed
A Phase II Study of the Orally Administered Negative Enantiomer of Gossypol (AT-101) in Patients With Advanced Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ACC) [NCT00848016]Phase 229 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-02-28Completed
An Open-label, Single-arm, Multi-center, Phase I/II Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of AT101 (Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell) in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory B-cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma [NCT05338931]Phase 1/Phase 282 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-03-15Recruiting
A Phase I/II Clinical Trial of Lenalidomide in Combination With AT-101 for the Treatment of Relapsed B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-CLL) [NCT01003769]Phase 1/Phase 25 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-07-09Terminated(stopped due to Lack of funding)
Explore the Efficacy and Safety of Dalpiciclib Combined With Fluvestrant and Compound Gossypol Acetate Tablets in Advanced HR-positive and HER2-negative Breast Cancer After CDK4/6 Treatment Failed. [NCT06133088]Phase 253 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-08-01Recruiting
A Phase 2 Study of R-(-)-Gossypol (Ascenta's AT-101) in Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme [NCT00540722]Phase 256 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-01-31Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

TrialOutcome
NCT00540722 (3) [back to overview]Overall Survival
NCT00540722 (3) [back to overview]Progression-free Survival Rate, Defined as Patient Who is Alive and Disease Progression Free at the Time of 26-week (6 Months) From First Day of the Treatment
NCT00540722 (3) [back to overview]Percent of Patients With Grade 3 and 4 Adverse Events Related to Treatment
NCT00666666 (3) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients With Overall PSA < 4.0 ng/mL
NCT00666666 (3) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients With PSA ≥ 0.2 ng/mL But < 4.0 ng/mL
NCT00666666 (3) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients With Undetectable Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA) (< 0.2 ng/mL) at End of 7 Cycles
NCT00773955 (3) [back to overview]Survival Time
NCT00773955 (3) [back to overview]Time to Disease Progression
NCT00773955 (3) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Confirmed Tumor Response Defined to be Either a Complete Response (CR) or Partial Response (PR)
NCT00848016 (3) [back to overview]Overall Survival
NCT00848016 (3) [back to overview]Progression-free Survival
NCT00848016 (3) [back to overview]The Proportion of Patients Who Achieve a Confirmed Objective Response to Treatment, Either Partial Response (PR) or Complete Response (CR) as Defined by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) Criteria

Overall Survival

The overall failure rate will be estimated along with 95% confidence intervals. A median time of survival will be estimated using standard methods. (NCT00540722)
Timeframe: 4.5 years

Interventionmonths (Median)
Treatment (R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid)5.9

[back to top]

Progression-free Survival Rate, Defined as Patient Who is Alive and Disease Progression Free at the Time of 26-week (6 Months) From First Day of the Treatment

The probability of 6-month progression-free survival will be estimated using binomial distribution. (NCT00540722)
Timeframe: 6 months

Interventionmonths (Median)
Treatment (R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid)1.87

[back to top] [back to top]

Percentage of Patients With Overall PSA < 4.0 ng/mL

(NCT00666666)
Timeframe: 3 years

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
AT101 (R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid)60

[back to top]

Percentage of Patients With PSA ≥ 0.2 ng/mL But < 4.0 ng/mL

(NCT00666666)
Timeframe: 3 years

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
AT101 (R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid)18

[back to top]

Percentage of Patients With Undetectable Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA) (< 0.2 ng/mL) at End of 7 Cycles

(NCT00666666)
Timeframe: 3 years

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
AT101 (R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid)22

[back to top]

Survival Time

Estimated using the method of Kaplan-Meier. (NCT00773955)
Timeframe: From registration to death due to any cause, assessed up to 5 years

Interventionmonths (Median)
Treatment (R-(-)-Gossypol)8.5

[back to top]

Time to Disease Progression

"Time to disease progression is defined as the time from registration to the earliest date documentation of disease progression. Estimated using the method of Kaplan-Meier.~Per the RECIST criteria, progression is defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of Longest Dimension (LD) of target lesions taking as reference the smallest sum LD recorded since the treatment started or the appearance of one or more new lesions." (NCT00773955)
Timeframe: From registration to the earliest date documentation of disease progression, assessed up to 5 years

Interventionmonths (Median)
Treatment (R-(-)-Gossypol)1.7

[back to top]

Number of Participants With Confirmed Tumor Response Defined to be Either a Complete Response (CR) or Partial Response (PR)

"The number of successes will be estimated by counting the number of participants with confirmed responses. A confirmed tumor response is defined to be either a CR or PR noted as the objective status on 2 consecutive evaluations at least 4 weeks apart.~Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0) for target lesions:~A Complete Response (CR) requires the disappearance of all target lesions~A Partial Response (PR) requires a >=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions from baseline measurements." (NCT00773955)
Timeframe: During the first 6 courses of treatment

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Confirmed Partial Response (PR)Confirmed Complete Response (CR)
Treatment (R-(-)-Gossypol)00

[back to top]

Overall Survival

The overall survival time is defined as the time from registration to date of last follow-up or death due to any cause. Estimated using the method of Kaplan-Meier. (NCT00848016)
Timeframe: From registration to date of last follow-up or death due to any cause, assessed up to 2 years

Interventionmonths (Median)
Treatment (R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid)8.5

[back to top]

Progression-free Survival

The progression-free survival is defined as the time from registration to the date of progression or death, whichever comes first. The distributions of progression-free survival time will be estimated using the method of Kaplan-Meier. (NCT00848016)
Timeframe: From registration to progression or death, whichever occurs first, up to 2 years.

Interventionmonths (Number)
Treatment (R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid)1.9

[back to top]

The Proportion of Patients Who Achieve a Confirmed Objective Response to Treatment, Either Partial Response (PR) or Complete Response (CR) as Defined by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) Criteria

"In order for a patient to be a confirmed objective responder, they must achieve a PR or CR on consecutive evaluations, at least 4 weeks apart. The proportion of patients who achieve a confirmed objective response to treatment will be estimated by the standard binomial estimator, i.e., the number of successes divided by the total number of evaluable patients.~Complete Response (CR): Disappearance of all target lesions and normalization of tumor biomarkers.~Partial Response (PR): At least a 30% decrease in the sum of the longest dimension (LD) of target lesions taking as reference the baseline sum LD." (NCT00848016)
Timeframe: Up to 2 years

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Treatment (R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid)0

[back to top]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
dinitrochlorobenzene
Dinitrochlorobenzene: A skin irritant that may cause dermatitis of both primary and allergic types. Contact sensitization with DNCB has been used as a measure of cellular immunity. DNCB is also used as a reagent for the detection and determination of pyridine compounds.. 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : A C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene carrying a nitro substituent at each of the 2- and 4-positions.		2.3620C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes		allergen;
epitope;
sensitiser
alpha-ketobutyric acid
alpha-ketobutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 2-oxobutanoic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-oxo derivative of butanoic acid.		1.96102-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
short-chain fatty acid
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
[no description available]		1.9610hydroxybenzaldehydeEC 1.14.17.1 (dopamine beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring.		1.9610monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
plant metabolite
acetic acid
Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.		2.6830monocarboxylic acidantimicrobial food preservative;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
food acidity regulator;
protic solvent
acetamide
acetimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is acetic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.		2.520acetamides;
carboximidic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia
adenine
[no description available]		2.76306-aminopurines;
purine nucleobase		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
allantoin
[no description available]		2.0510imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
ureas		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
vulnerary
quinacrine
Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.		2.420acridines;
aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		antimalarial;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
benzene
[no description available]		1.9510aromatic annulene;
benzenes;
volatile organic compound		carcinogenic agent;
environmental contaminant;
non-polar solvent
betaine
glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.		2.0510amino-acid betaine;
glycine derivative		fundamental metabolite
carbamates
[no description available]		2.3520amino-acid anion
formic acid
formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects.		2.1110monocarboxylic acidantibacterial agent;
astringent;
metabolite;
protic solvent;
solvent
carnitine
[no description available]		7.6830amino-acid betainehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
catechol
[no description available]		1.9910catecholsallelochemical;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
methane
Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).		8.4811alkane;
gas molecular entity;
mononuclear parent hydride;
one-carbon compound		bacterial metabolite;
fossil fuel;
greenhouse gas
choline
[no description available]		1.9710cholinesallergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutrient;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
citric acid, anhydrous
Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.		2.6930tricarboxylic acidantimicrobial agent;
chelator;
food acidity regulator;
fundamental metabolite
chlorine
chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.		3.4880halide anion;
monoatomic chlorine		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms.		1.9410chlorine molecular entity;
gas molecular entity;
hydrogen halide;
mononuclear parent hydride		mouse metabolite
coumarin
2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative		2.3110coumarinsfluorescent dye;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
salicylic acid
Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).		2.9740monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor;
keratolytic drug;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
gallic acid
gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.		210trihydroxybenzoic acidantineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
astringent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-aminophenol
4-aminophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-aminophenol : An amino phenol (one of the three possible isomers) which has the single amino substituent located para to the phenolic -OH group.		2.0710aminophenolallergen;
metabolite
bupropion
Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
malic acid
malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group.		2.13102-hydroxydicarboxylic acid;
C4-dicarboxylic acid		food acidity regulator;
fundamental metabolite
aminocaproic acid
Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.		2.0510amino acid zwitterion;
epsilon-amino acid;
omega-amino fatty acid		antifibrinolytic drug;
hematologic agent;
metabolite
creatine
[no description available]		2.0510glycine derivative;
guanidines;
zwitterion		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical
lactic acid
Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.		9.021402-hydroxy monocarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.		2.4420sulfoxide;
volatile organic compound		alkylating agent;
antidote;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
MRI contrast agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
polar aprotic solvent;
radical scavenger
formaldehyde
paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy		2.0510aldehyde;
one-carbon compound		allergen;
carcinogenic agent;
disinfectant;
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
glycine
[no description available]		7.6730alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical
glycerol
Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.		2.0510alditol;
triol		algal metabolite;
detergent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
solvent
hydrogen
Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.		7.3620elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity		antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite
hydroquinone
[no description available]		2.4120benzenediol;
hydroquinones		antioxidant;
carcinogenic agent;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
skin lightening agent
indoleacetic acid
indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.		2.0710indole-3-acetic acids;
monocarboxylic acid		auxin;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
methanol
Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.		7.9340alkyl alcohol;
one-carbon compound;
primary alcohol;
volatile organic compound		amphiprotic solvent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fuel;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
phytic acid
Phytic Acid: Complexing agent for removal of traces of heavy metal ions. It acts also as a hypocalcemic agent.. myo-inositol hexakisphosphate : A myo-inositol hexakisphosphate in which each hydroxy group of myo-inositol is monophosphorylated.		5.6450inositol phosphate
inositol
Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration.		2.420cyclitol;
hexol
melatonin
[no description available]		2.9940acetamides;
tryptamines		anticonvulsant;
central nervous system depressant;
geroprotector;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunological adjuvant;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger
niacinamide
nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.		2.9440pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinecarboxamide;
vitamin B3		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
Sir2 inhibitor
niacin
Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.		2.0510pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinemonocarboxylic acid;
vitamin B3		antidote;
antilipemic drug;
EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
nitrates
Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.		3.520monovalent inorganic anion;
nitrogen oxoanion;
reactive nitrogen species
nitrites
Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)		2.0310monovalent inorganic anion;
nitrogen oxoanion;
reactive nitrogen species		human metabolite
orotic acid
Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6.		2.0510pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
oxalic acid
Oxalic Acid: A strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid. It is not metabolized but excreted in the urine. It is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.. oxalic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2.		2.4120alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
oxamic acid
Oxamic Acid: Amino-substituted glyoxylic acid derivative.. oxamic acid : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide resulting from the formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid with ammonia.		5.6390dicarboxylic acid monoamideEscherichia coli metabolite
4-aminobenzoic acid
4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group.		2.0510aminobenzoic acid;
aromatic amino-acid zwitterion		allergen;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
phenol
[no description available]		2.0510phenolsantiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phenylacetic acid
phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group.		2.0510benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenylacetic acids		allergen;
Aspergillus metabolite;
auxin;
EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
toxin
pyrazinamide
pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia;
pyrazines		antitubercular agent;
prodrug
pyridoxal
[no description available]		3.3510hydroxymethylpyridine;
methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
pyridinecarbaldehyde;
vitamin B6		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxal phosphate
Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal.		2.3820methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
pyridinecarbaldehyde;
vitamin B6 phosphate		coenzyme;
cofactor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxine
4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).		3.6120hydroxymethylpyridine;
methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
vitamin B6		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyrogallol
benzenetriol : A triol in which three hydroxy groups are substituted onto a benzene ring.		1.9810benzenetriol;
phenolic donor		plant metabolite
pyruvic acid
Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis.		3.07502-oxo monocarboxylic acidcofactor;
fundamental metabolite
spermidine
[no description available]		6.9910polyazaalkane;
triamine		autophagy inducer;
fundamental metabolite;
geroprotector
spermine
[no description available]		1.9710polyazaalkane;
tetramine		antioxidant;
fundamental metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
sulfur dioxide
Sulfur Dioxide: A highly toxic, colorless, nonflammable gas. It is used as a pharmaceutical aid and antioxidant. It is also an environmental air pollutant.		1.9510sulfur oxideEscherichia coli metabolite;
food bleaching agent;
refrigerant
taurine
[no description available]		7.2510amino sulfonic acid;
zwitterion		antioxidant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
glycine receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient;
radical scavenger;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thiamine
thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.		2.0510primary alcohol;
vitamin B1		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thymine
[no description available]		2.0310pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
uracil
2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder		2.4420pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		allergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
uric acid
Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8.		4.0221uric acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
urea
pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.		8.3570isourea;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
one-carbon compound		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fertilizer;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
catechin
[no description available]		2.4520hydroxyflavan
epibatidine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid
menthol
Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.		2.0510p-menthane monoterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		volatile oil component
mandelic acid
SAMMA: mandelic acid condensation polymer		3.41102-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
benzenes		antibacterial agent;
human xenobiotic metabolite
pk 11195
PK-11195 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of sec-butylmethylamine		2.0810aromatic amide;
isoquinolines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes		antineoplastic agent
pd 173074
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic amine;
biaryl;
dimethoxybenzene;
pyridopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound;
ureas		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
fibroblast growth factor receptor antagonist
hoe 33342
BXI-72: structure in first source		3.3110bibenzimidazole;
N-methylpiperazine		fluorochrome
2,4-dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions.		2.3720dinitrophenolallergen;
antiseptic drug;
bacterial xenobiotic metabolite;
geroprotector;
oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor
mercaptoethanol
Mercaptoethanol: A water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation.		1.9710alkanethiol;
primary alcohol		geroprotector
4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-2-azabenzimidazole
4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole: a CK2 kinase inhibitor		2.3110
4-aminobenzamidine
4-aminobenzamidine: a urokinase inhibitor; inhibits acrosin; structure given in first source		1.9710
4-nonylphenol
4-nonylphenol: structure in first source; see also record for nonylphenol. 4-nonylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol which is para-substituted with a nonyl group.		2.2110phenolsenvironmental contaminant
phenytoin
[no description available]		2.0510imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid
5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid: A 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acid containing 4 alkyne bonds. It inhibits the enzymatic conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins E(2) and F(2a).		2.4320long-chain fatty acid
ethylisopropylamiloride
ethylisopropylamiloride: structure in first source. ethylisopropylamiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the amino substitutent of the pyrazine ring that is adjacent to the chloro substituent has been substituted by an ethyl group and by an isopropyl group.		1.9810aromatic amine;
guanidines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organochlorine compound;
pyrazines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
neuroprotective agent;
sodium channel blocker
5-methoxytryptamine
5-Methoxytryptamine: Serotonin derivative proposed as potentiator for hypnotics and sedatives.. 5-methoxytryptamine : A member of the class of tryptamines that is the methyl ether derivative of serotonin.		7.0310aromatic ether;
primary amino compound;
tryptamines		5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor agonist;
5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor agonist;
5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor agonist;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
radiation protective agent;
serotonergic agonist
abt 702
[no description available]		2.0810bipyridines
acebutolol
Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.		2.0510aromatic amide;
ethanolamines;
ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympathomimetic agent
acetaminophen
Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.		2.0510acetamides;
phenols		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
human blood serum metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
acetazolamide
Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		anticonvulsant;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetohexamide
Acetohexamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.. acetohexamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a p-acetylphenylsulfonyl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced by a cyclohexyl group.		2.0510acetophenones;
N-sulfonylurea		hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
acetohydroxamic acid
acetohydroxamic acid: urease inhibitor. oxime : Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.. N-hydroxyacetimidic acid : A carbohydroximic acid consisting of acetimidic acid having a hydroxy group attached to the imide nitrogen.. acetohydroxamic acid : A member of the class of acetohydroxamic acids that is acetamide in which one of the amino hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group.		2.0510acetohydroxamic acids;
carbohydroximic acid		algal metabolite;
EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
ag 127
tyrphostin AG 126: inhibits development of postoperative ileus induced by surgical manipulation of murine colon		2.2110nitrophenol
albendazole
[no description available]		2.0510aryl sulfide;
benzimidazoles;
benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide;
carbamate ester		anthelminthic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
albuterol
Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).		2.5120phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
alfuzosin
alfuzosin: structure given in first source		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
quinazolines;
tetrahydrofuranol		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent
tocopheroxy radical
tocopheroxy radical: RN given refers to radical ion (1+), (2R-(2R*(4R*,8R*)))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 12/90		2.3110tocopherol
amantadine
amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source		2.7630adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		analgesic;
antiparkinson drug;
antiviral drug;
dopaminergic agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
ambroxol
Ambroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.		2.0510aromatic amine
aminoglutethimide
Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.		2.0510dicarboximide;
piperidones;
substituted aniline		adrenergic agent;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
pimagedine
pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide.		2.0510guanidines;
one-carbon compound		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
p-aminohippuric acid
p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow.		2.3720N-acylglycineDaphnia magna metabolite
theophylline
[no description available]		7.6930dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory agent;
bronchodilator agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
immunomodulator;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
amiodarone
Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.		2.05101-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone;
organoiodine compound;
tertiary amino compound		cardiovascular drug
amitriptyline
Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.		2.0510carbotricyclic compound;
tertiary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
amlodipine
Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.		2.0510dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
amobarbital
Amobarbital: A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565). amobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by a 3-methylbutyl and an ethyl group at position 5. Amobarbital has been shown to exhibit sedative and hypnotic properties.		2.0510barbiturates
amsacrine
Amsacrine: An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.. amsacrine : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and an acridin-9-ylamino group at position 4. It exhibits antineoplastic activity.		2.420acridines;
aromatic ether;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
anastrozole
[no description available]		2.0510nitrile;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
anethole trithione
Anethole Trithione: Choleretic used to allay dry mouth and constipation due to tranquilizers.		2.0510methoxybenzenes
anthralin
Anthralin: An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.. anthralin : An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9.		2.5220anthracenesantipsoriatic
aristolochic acid i
aristolochic acid I: phospholipase A inhibitor. aristolochic acid A : An aristolochic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions, by a methoxy group at position 8, and by a nitro group at position 10. It is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in almost all Aristolochia (birthworts or pipevines) species. It has been tried in a number of treatments for inflammatory disorders, mainly in Chinese and folk medicine. However, there is concern over their use as aristolochic acid is both carcinogenic and nephrotoxic.		2.0710aristolochic acids;
aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
cyclic acetal;
monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		carcinogenic agent;
metabolite;
mutagen;
nephrotoxin;
toxin
aspirin
Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.		7.8940benzoic acids;
phenyl acetates;
salicylates		anticoagulant;
antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant activator;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin antagonist;
teratogenic agent
atenolol
Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.		2.0510ethanolamines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
sympatholytic agent;
xenobiotic
aurintricarboxylic acid
Aurintricarboxylic Acid: A dye which inhibits protein biosynthesis at the initial stages. The ammonium salt (aluminon) is a reagent for the colorimetric estimation of aluminum in water, foods, and tissues.. aurintricarboxylic acid : A member of the class of quinomethanes that is 3-methylidene-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid in which the methylidene hydrogens are replaced by 4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenyl groups. The trisodium salt is the biological stain 'chrome violet CG' while the triammonium salt is 'aluminon'.		4.2140monohydroxybenzoic acid;
quinomethanes;
tricarboxylic acid		fluorochrome;
histological dye;
insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 antagonist
azathioprine
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.		2.6830aryl sulfide;
C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
thiopurine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
baclofen
[no description available]		2.0510amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		central nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
muscle relaxant
barbital
5,5-diethylbarbituric acid : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by two ethyl groups. Formerly used as a hypnotic (sleeping aid).		2.0510barbituratesdrug allergen
bay-k-8644
3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester: A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.. Bay-K-8644 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-Bay-K-8644. methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A pentasubstituted dihydropyridine carrying methoxycarbonyl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and nitro substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 respectively as well as two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6.		1.9710(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester
bendazac
bendazac : A monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts.		2.0510indazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger
benzbromarone
Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication.		2.82301-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone		uricosuric drug
benzyl isothiocyanate
benzyl isothiocyanate: inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplasia; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #715; also promotes urinary bladder carcinoma		2.2110benzenes;
isothiocyanate		antibacterial drug
berberine
[no description available]		7.4720alkaloid antibiotic;
berberine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
metabolite;
potassium channel blocker
5-methoxypsoralen
5-Methoxypsoralen: A linear furanocoumarin that has phototoxic and anti-inflammatory properties, with effects similar to METHOXSALEN. It is used in PUVA THERAPY for the treatment of PSORIASIS.. 5-methoxypsoralen : A 5-methoxyfurocoumarin that is psoralen substituted by a methoxy group at position 5.		2.07105-methoxyfurocoumarin;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
psoralens		hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
bicalutamide
bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.		2.7630(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monofluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
sulfone;
tertiary alcohol
bay h 4502
bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.		2.5220biphenyls;
imidazoles
bisoprolol
Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.		2.0510secondary alcohol;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
bithionol
Bithionol: Halogenated anti-infective agent that is used against trematode and cestode infestations.. bithionol : An aryl sulfide that is diphenyl sulfide in which each phenyl group is substituted at position 2 by hydroxy and at positions 3 and 5 by chlorine. A fungicide and anthelmintic, it was used in various topical drug products for the treatment of liver flukes, but withdrawn after being shown to be a potent photosensitizer with the potential to cause serious skin disorders.		2.2110aryl sulfide;
bridged diphenyl antifungal drug;
bridged diphenyl fungicide;
dichlorobenzene;
organochlorine pesticide;
polyphenol		antifungal agrochemical;
antiplatyhelmintic drug
bromisovalum
Bromisovalum: A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.. bromisoval : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-bromisoval. It was previously used for its hypnotic and sedative properties but the use of bromides is now deprecated due to the possibility of the toxic accumulation of bromine in the body.. 2-bromo-N-carbamoyl-3-methylbutanamide : An N-acylurea that is urea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a 2-bromo-3-methybutanoyl group.		2.0510N-acylurea;
organobromine compound
brotizolam
brotizolam: structure		2.0510organic molecular entity
bumetanide
[no description available]		2.0510amino acid;
benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		diuretic;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
bupivacaine
Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.		2.0510aromatic amide;
piperidinecarboxamide;
tertiary amino compound
buspirone
Buspirone: An anxiolytic agent and serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the BENZODIAZAPINES, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.. buspirone : An azaspiro compound that is 8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 4-(piperazin-1-yl)butyl group which in turn is substituted by a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the N(4) position.		2.0510azaspiro compound;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
piperidones;
pyrimidines		anxiolytic drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
sedative;
serotonergic agonist
busulfan
[no description available]		2.0510methanesulfonate esteralkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
insect sterilant;
teratogenic agent
butalbital
butalbital: management of butalbital withdrawal can be simplified by using a phenobarbital-loading protocol; RN given refers to parent cpd. butalbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by an allyl group and an isobutyl group. Frequently combined with other medicines, such as aspirin, paracetamol and codeine, it is used for treatment of pain and headache.		2.0510barbituratesanalgesic;
sedative
caffeine
[no description available]		2.3920purine alkaloid;
trimethylxanthine		adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
adenosine receptor antagonist;
adjuvant;
central nervous system stimulant;
diuretic;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		2.7130aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
candesartan cilexetil
candesartan cilexetil: a prodrug which is metabolized to an active form candesartan to exert its biological effects		2.0510biphenyls
candesartan
candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.		2.2110benzimidazolecarboxylic acid;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
carbamazepine
Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.		2.0510dibenzoazepine;
ureas		analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
glutamate transporter activator;
mitogen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sodium channel blocker;
xenobiotic
carisoprodol
Carisoprodol: A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202). carisoprodol : A carbamate ester that is the mono-N-isopropyl derivative of meprobamate (which is a significant metabolite). Carisoprodol interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception. It is used as a muscle relaxant in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.		2.0510carbamate estermuscle relaxant
carmustine
Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.		2.4120N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
carprofen
carprofen: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. carprofen : Propanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs.		2.0510carbazoles;
organochlorine compound		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
photosensitizing agent
carvedilol
[no description available]		2.0510carbazoles;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone
Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone: A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.. CCCP : A member of the class of monochlorobenzenes that is benzene substituted by 2-(1,3-dinitrilopropan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl and chloro groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a mitochondrial depolarizing agent that induces reactive oxygen species mediated cell death.		2.3720hydrazone;
monochlorobenzenes;
nitrile		antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
ionophore
celecoxib
[no description available]		2.9940organofluorine compound;
pyrazoles;
sulfonamide;
toluenes		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cetirizine
Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.		2.0510ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperazines		anti-allergic agent;
environmental contaminant;
H1-receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
chelerythrine
chelerythrine : A benzophenanthridine alkaloid isolated from the root of Zanthoxylum simulans, Chelidonium majus L., and other Papaveraceae.		2.4220benzophenanthridine alkaloid;
organic cation		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
chloral hydrate
[no description available]		2.0510aldehyde hydrate;
ethanediol;
organochlorine compound		general anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
sedative;
xenobiotic
chlorambucil
Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.		2.4120aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
nitrogen mustard;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
chlordiazepoxide
Chlordiazepoxide: An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.. chlordiazepoxide : A benzodiazepine that is 3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a phenyl group at position 5 and a methylamino group at position 2.		2.0510benzodiazepine
chlormezanone
Chlormezanone: A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.. chlormezanone : A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions.		2.05101,3-thiazine;
lactam;
monochlorobenzenes;
sulfone		antipsychotic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
muscle relaxant
chloroquine
Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.		3.2560aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
autophagy inhibitor;
dermatologic drug
chloroxylenol
chloroxylenol: topical antiseptic; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 3,5-xylenol which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine. It is bactericidal against most Gram-positive bacteria but less effective against Staphylococci and Gram-negative bacteria, and often inactive against Pseudomonas species. It is ineffective against bacterial spores.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
molluscicide
chlorpheniramine
Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidepressant;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.		7.4120organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide
Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
chlorzoxazone
Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.		2.05101,3-benzoxazoles;
heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
organochlorine compound		muscle relaxant;
sedative
cimetidine
Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.		2.0510aliphatic sulfide;
guanidines;
imidazoles;
nitrile		adjuvant;
analgesic;
anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
cinoxacin
Cinoxacin: Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.. cinoxacin : A member of the class of cinnolines that is 6,7-methylenedioxycinnolin-4(1H)-one bearing an ethyl group at position 1 and a carboxylic acid group at position 3. An analogue of oxolinic acid, it has similar antibacterial actions. It was formerly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.		2.0510cinnolines;
oxacycle;
oxo carboxylic acid		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent
ciprofibrate
[no description available]		2.0510cyclopropanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		antilipemic drug
ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.		7.7530aminoquinoline;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor;
xenobiotic
cisapride
Cisapride: A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). cisapride : The amide resulting from formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with cis-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-methoxypiperidin-4-amine. It has been used (as its monohydrate or as its tartrate) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and for non-ulcer dyspepsia, but its propensity to cause cardiac arrhythmias resulted in its complete withdrawal from many countries, including the U.K., and restrictions on its use elsewhere.		2.0510benzamides
citalopram
Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.		2.4202-benzofurans;
cyclic ether;
nitrile;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary amino compound
clioquinol
Clioquinol: A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.. 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by chlorine and iodine, respectively. It has antibacterial and atifungal properties, and is used in creams for the treatment of skin infections. It has also been investigated as a chelator of copper and zinc ions for the possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease.		2.5220monohydroxyquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
organoiodine compound		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
chelator;
copper chelator
clobazam
Clobazam: A benzodiazepine derivative that is a long-acting GABA-A RECEPTOR agonist. It is used as an antiepileptic in the treatment of SEIZURES, including seizures associated with LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME. It is also used as an anxiolytic, for the short-term treatment of acute ANXIETY.. clobazam : 7-Chloro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by a methyl group, whilst that attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group. It is used for the short-term management of acute anxiety and as an adjunct in the treatment of epilepsy in association with other antiepileptics.		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
clofazimine
Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
phenazines		dye;
leprostatic drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clofibrate
angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate		2.0510aromatic ether;
ethyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
geroprotector;
PPARalpha agonist
clomiphene
[no description available]		2.0510tertiary amineestrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
clonidine
Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.		2.0510clonidine;
imidazoline
clotiazepam
clotiazepam: was heading 1975-94 (see under AZEPINES 1978-90; was Y 6047 see under AZEPINES 1975-77); Y 6047 was see CLOTIAZEPAM 1978-94; use AZEPINES to search CLOTIAZEPAM 1975-94; thienodiazepine derivative with actions similar to those of benzodiazepines		2.0510organic molecular entity
clotrimazole
[no description available]		2.7730conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes		antiinfective agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cyclandelate
Cyclandelate: A direct-acting SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxant used to dilate BLOOD VESSELS.. cyclandelate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of mandelic acid and 3,3,5-tricyclohexanol. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to dilate blood vessels.		2.0510carboxylic ester;
secondary alcohol		vasodilator agent
cyproheptadine
Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.		2.0510piperidines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
antipruritic drug;
gastrointestinal drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
danthron
danthron: structure. chrysazin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8.		2.0510dihydroxyanthraquinoneapoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
dantrolene
Dantrolene: Skeletal muscle relaxant that acts by interfering with excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fiber. It is used in spasticity and other neuromuscular abnormalities. Although the mechanism of action is probably not central, dantrolene is usually grouped with the central muscle relaxants.. dantrolene : The hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of 5-(4-nitrophenyl)furfural with 1-aminohydantoin. A ryanodine receptor antagonist used for the relief of chronic severe spasticity and malignant hyperthermia.		2.0110hydrazone;
imidazolidine-2,4-dione		muscle relaxant;
neuroprotective agent;
ryanodine receptor antagonist
dapsone
[no description available]		2.0510substituted aniline;
sulfone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
leprostatic drug
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone: ubiquinol analog. 6-decylubiquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,3-dimethoxybenzoquinone which has been substituted at positions 5 and 6 by decyl and methyl groups.		2.07101,4-benzoquinonescofactor
deferoxamine
Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.		2.730acyclic desferrioxaminebacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
iron chelator;
siderophore
dephostatin
dephostatin: from Streptomyces sp. MJ742-NF5; structure given in first source		2.2110
amphetamine
Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.		2.4120primary amine
eflornithine
Eflornithine: An inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, the rate limiting enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.. eflornithine : A fluoroamino acid that is ornithine substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 2.		2.0510alpha-amino acid;
fluoroamino acid		trypanocidal drug
r 59022
R 59022: diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor; structure given in first source; platelet activator factor antagonist		1.9710diarylmethane
diazepam
Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
diazoxide
Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.		2.0510benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfone		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
diuretic;
K-ATP channel agonist;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasodilator agent
diclofenac
Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.		2.4120amino acid;
aromatic amine;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
ddt
1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source		2.0510benzenoid aromatic compound;
chlorophenylethane;
monochlorobenzenes;
organochlorine insecticide		bridged diphenyl acaricide;
carcinogenic agent;
endocrine disruptor;
persistent organic pollutant
dichlorophen
Dichlorophen: Nontoxic laxative vermicide effective for taenia infestation. It tends to produce colic and nausea. It is also used as a veterinary fungicide, anthelmintic, and antiprotozoan. (From Merck, 11th ed.)		2.2110bridged diphenyl fungicide;
diarylmethane
diflunisal
Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.		2.0510monohydroxybenzoic acid;
organofluorine compound		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3,3'-diindolylmethane
3,3'-diindolylmethane: anti-inflammatory from edible cruciferous vegetables; a cytochrome P-450 antagonist		2.0710indolesantineoplastic agent;
P450 inhibitor
diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.		2.0510ether;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
antiparkinson drug;
antipruritic drug;
antitussive;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
oneirogen;
sedative
diphenyleneiodonium
diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine.		2.1110organic cation
dipyridamole
Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.		2.0510piperidines;
pyrimidopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound;
tetrol		adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor;
EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
disopyramide
Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram
[no description available]		2.4820organic disulfide;
organosulfur acaricide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
fungicide;
NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid
Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.		340branched-chain fatty acid;
branched-chain saturated fatty acid		anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
GABA agent;
neuroprotective agent;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent
2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
2,3-dimethoxynaphthalene-1,4-dione : A naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone bearing two methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 3. Redox-cycling agent that induces intracellular superoxide anion formation and, depending on the concentration, induces cell proliferation, apoptosis or necrosis. Used to study the role of ROS in cell toxicity, apoptosis, and necrosis.		2.21101,4-naphthoquinones
doxepin
Doxepin: A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.. doxepin : A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug.		2.0510dibenzooxepine;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant
droperidol
Droperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593). droperidol : An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound		anaesthesia adjuvant;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
ebselen
ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase.		2.1110benzoselenazoleanti-inflammatory drug;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor;
EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor;
enzyme mimic;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
genotoxin;
hepatoprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
radical scavenger
econazole
Econazole: An imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.. econazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorobenzyl group.		2.4220dichlorobenzene;
ether;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes
ellipticine
ellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole carrying two methyl substituents at positions 5 and 11.		2.0710indole alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
polycyclic heteroarene		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
embelin
embelin: from Embelia fruit (Myrsinaceae). embelin : A member of the class of dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone which is substituted by an undecyl group at position 3. Isolated from Lysimachia punctata and Embelia ribes, it exhibits antimicrobial, antineoplastic and inhibitory activity towards hepatitis C protease.		2.0710dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinonesantimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
plant metabolite
emodin
Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies.. emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs.		2.5420trihydroxyanthraquinoneantineoplastic agent;
laxative;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
endosulfan
Endosulfan: A polychlorinated compound used for controlling a variety of insects. It is practically water-insoluble, but readily adheres to clay particles and persists in soil and water for several years. Its mode of action involves repetitive nerve-discharges positively correlated to increase in temperature. This compound is extremely toxic to most fish. (From Comp Biochem Physiol (C) 1993 Jul;105(3):347-61). endosulfan : A cyclic sulfite ester that is 1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine 3-oxide substituted by chloro groups at positions 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 10.		2.0410cyclic sulfite ester;
cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide		acaricide;
agrochemical;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
persistent organic pollutant
enflurane
Enflurane: An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.. enflurane : An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups.		2.0510ether;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		anaesthetic
enoxacin
Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.		2.05101,8-naphthyridine derivative;
amino acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
estazolam
Estazolam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.. estazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a phenyl group at position 6 and a chloro substituent at position 8. A short-acting benzodiazepine with general properties similar to diazepam, it is given by mouth as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia.		2.0510triazoles;
triazolobenzodiazepine		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
ethacrynic acid
Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.		2.5120aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid		EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
loop diuretic
ethoxzolamide
Ethoxzolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.. ethoxzolamide : A sulfonamide that is 1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide which is substituted by an ethoxy group at position 6. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it has been used in the treatment of glaucoma, and as a diuretic.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzothiazoles;
sulfonamide		antiglaucoma drug;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
etodolac
Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
brl 42810
[no description available]		2.05102-aminopurines;
acetate ester		antiviral drug;
prodrug
felbamate
Felbamate: A PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA RECEPTORS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES in severe refractory EPILEPSY.. felbamate : The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy.		2.0510carbamate esteranticonvulsant;
neuroprotective agent
felodipine
Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.		2.0510dichlorobenzene;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
fenofibrate
Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE		2.0510aromatic ether;
chlorobenzophenone;
isopropyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		antilipemic drug;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
fentanyl
Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.		2.0510anilide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidines		adjuvant;
anaesthesia adjuvant;
anaesthetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
fenvalerate
fenvalerate: synthetic pyrethroid; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. fenvalerate : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation between 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyric acid and cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methanol.		2.1710aromatic ether;
carboxylic ester;
monochlorobenzenes		pyrethroid ester acaricide;
pyrethroid ester insecticide
flecainide
Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.. flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).		2.0510aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		anti-arrhythmia drug
fluconazole
Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.		2.0510conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		environmental contaminant;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
flucytosine
Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.		2.0510aminopyrimidine;
nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine antifungal drug;
pyrimidone		prodrug
flufenamic acid
Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders.		2.0510aromatic amino acid;
organofluorine compound		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
flumazenil
Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.		2.0510ethyl ester;
imidazobenzodiazepine;
organofluorine compound		antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning;
GABA antagonist
flunitrazepam
Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia.		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound;
monofluorobenzenes		anxiolytic drug;
GABAA receptor agonist;
sedative
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		5.8871nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
fluoxetine
Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.		2.0510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound
flurbiprofen
Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.		2.0510fluorobiphenyl;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
flutamide
Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.		2.0510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
fomepizole
Fomepizole: A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ETHYLENE GLYCOL or METHANOL.. fomepizole : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4.		2.0510pyrazolesantidote;
EC 1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
protective agent
furosemide
Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.		7.7330chlorobenzoic acid;
furans;
sulfonamide		environmental contaminant;
loop diuretic;
xenobiotic
gemfibrozil
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic etherantilipemic drug
gentamicin
Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.		1.9710
glafenine
Glafenine: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.. glafenine : A carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market.		2.0510aminoquinoline;
carboxylic ester;
glycol;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound		inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gliclazide
Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.		2.0510N-sulfonylureahypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue;
radical scavenger
glutethimide
Glutethimide: A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.		2.0510piperidines
glyburide
Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.		2.4520monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		anti-arrhythmia drug;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
guaiazulene
guaiazulene: structure		2.0510sesquiterpene
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine
1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine: A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.. 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine : A member of the class of N-sulfonylpiperazines that is 2-methylpiperazine substituted at position 1 by a 5-isoquinolinesulfonyl group.		3.0750isoquinolines;
N-sulfonylpiperazine		EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
fasudil
fasudil: intracellular calcium antagonist; structure in first source. fasudil : An isoquinoline substituted by a (1,4-diazepan-1-yl)sulfonyl group at position 5. It is a Rho-kinase inhibitor and its hydrochloride hydrate form is approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and cerebral ischemia.		2.4720isoquinolines;
N-sulfonyldiazepane		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent;
nootropic agent;
vasodilator agent
ha14-1
ethyl 2-amino-6-bromo-4-(1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate: a BH3 mimetic; synergistic induction of apoptosis by simultaneous disruption of the Bcl-2 and MEK/MAPK pathways in acute myelogenous leukemia		3.54201-benzopyran
haloperidol
Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
halothane
[no description available]		2.0510haloalkane;
organobromine compound;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		inhalation anaesthetic
harmalol
harmalol: inhibitor of rat liver microsomal UDP-glucuronyltransferase; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. harmalol : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is hydroxy-substituted at C-7 and has been reduced across the 3,4 bond.		2.2110harmala alkaloidalgal metabolite;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
hexachlorophene
Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union.		2.5120bridged diphenyl fungicide;
polyphenol;
trichlorobenzene		acaricide;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug
miltefosine
miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine.		2.5120phosphocholines;
phospholipid		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
apoptosis inducer;
immunomodulator;
protein kinase inhibitor
hexestrol
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
hexetidine
Hexetidine: A bactericidal and fungicidal antiseptic. It is used as a 0.1% mouthwash for local infections and oral hygiene. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797)		2.0510organic heteromonocyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
hexobarbital
Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups.		2.0510barbiturates
ethidium
Ethidium: A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.. ethidium : The fluorescent compound widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry to reveal double-stranded DNA and RNA.		2.420phenanthridinesfluorochrome;
intercalator
hydralazine
Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.		2.0510azaarene;
hydrazines;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
phthalazines		antihypertensive agent;
vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide
Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		2.0510benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.		2.1710aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
primary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug
hydroxyurea
[no description available]		2.0510one-carbon compound;
ureas		antimetabolite;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
immunomodulator;
radical scavenger;
teratogenic agent
hydroxyzine
Hydroxyzine: A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.. hydroxyzine : A N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.		2.0510hydroxyether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine		anticoronaviral agent;
antipruritic drug;
anxiolytic drug;
dermatologic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist
hypericin
[no description available]		2.7430
ibuprofen
Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine		2.0510monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger;
xenobiotic
phenelzine
Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.		2.0510primary amine
lidocaine
Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.		2.0510benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
xenobiotic
alverine
alverine : A tertiary amine having one ethyl and two 3-phenylprop-1-yl groups attached to the nitrogen. An antispasmodic that acts directly on intestinal and uterine smooth muscle, it is used (particularly as the citrate salt) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.		2.0510tertiary amineantispasmodic drug
idebenone
[no description available]		2.05101,4-benzoquinones;
primary alcohol		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor
ifosfamide
[no description available]		2.0510ifosfamidesalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
imipramine
Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.		2.0510dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone
Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.		2.0510bipyridinesEC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
indapamide
Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.		2.0510indoles;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
indirubin-3'-monoxime
indirubin-3'-monoxime: has antiangiogenic activity. indirubin-3'-monoxime : A member of the class of biindoles that is indirubin in which the keto group at position 3' has undergone condensation with hydroxylamine to form the corresponding oxime.		2.0810
indole-3-carbinol
indole-3-carbinol: occurs in edible cruciferous vegetables. indole-3-methanol : An indolyl alcohol carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It is a constituent of the cruciferous vegetables and had anticancer activity.		2.0710indolyl alcoholantineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
indomethacin
Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.		3.99140aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole		analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic
iodoacetamide
[no description available]		1.9610
iodoquinol
Iodoquinol: One of the halogenated 8-quinolinols widely used as an intestinal antiseptic, especially as an antiamebic agent. It is also used topically in other infections and may cause CNS and eye damage. It is known by very many similar trade names world-wide.. iodoquinol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by iodine. It is considered the drug of choice for treating asymptomatic or moderate forms of amoebiasis.		1.9710monohydroxyquinoline;
organoiodine compound		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antiseptic drug
iohexol
Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position.		2.0510benzenedicarboxamide;
organoiodine compound		environmental contaminant;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
iodipamide
Iodipamide: A water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.. adipiodone : An organoiodine compound that is 3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 6-(3-carboxy-2,4,6-triiodoanilino)-6-oxohexanoyl group. It is a water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.		2.0510benzoic acids;
organoiodine compound;
secondary carboxamide		radioopaque medium
iproniazid
[no description available]		2.0510carbohydrazide;
pyridines
avapro
Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.		2.0510azaspiro compound;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
isoflurane
Isoflurane: A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.		2.0510organofluorine compoundinhalation anaesthetic
isoniazid
Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).		2.0510carbohydrazideantitubercular agent;
drug allergen
2-propanol
2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.		2.0510secondary alcohol;
secondary fatty alcohol		protic solvent
isoproterenol
Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.		2.420catechols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
isoxsuprine
Isoxsuprine: A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.		2.0510alkylbenzene
isradipine
Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.		2.0510benzoxadiazole;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester;
methyl ester
itraconazole
[no description available]		2.0510piperazines
juglone
juglone: structure. juglone : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. A plant-derived 1,4-naphthoquinone with confirmed antibacterial and antitumor activities.		2.2110hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinonegeroprotector;
herbicide;
reactive oxygen species generator
nsc 664704
kenpaullone: inhibits CDK1/cyclin B; structure in first source. kenpaullone : An indolobenzazepine that is paullone in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by a bromo substituent. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta).		2.0710indolobenzazepine;
lactam;
organobromine compound		cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
ketamine
Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.		2.0510cyclohexanones;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
environmental contaminant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
ketanserin
Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
cardiovascular drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist
ketoconazole
1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.		3.8621dichlorobenzene;
dioxolane;
ether;
imidazoles;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen
Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.		2.0510benzophenones;
oxo monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
khellin
Khellin: A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024). khellin : A furanochrome in which the basic tricyclic skeleton is substituted at positions 4 and 9 with methoxy groups and at position 7 with a methyl group. A major constituent of the plant Ammi visnaga it is a herbal folk medicine used for various illnesses, its main effect being as a vasodilator.		2.4720furanochromone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
oxacycle		anti-asthmatic agent;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
kinetin
Kinetin: A furanyl adenine found in PLANTS and FUNGI. It has plant growth regulation effects.. cytokinin : A phytohormone that promote cell division, or cytokinesis, in plant roots and shoots.. kinetin : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine carrying a (furan-2-ylmethyl) substituent at the exocyclic amino group.		2.07106-aminopurines;
furans		cytokinin;
geroprotector
mimosine
Mimosine: 3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-1(4H)-pyridinealanine. An antineoplastic alanine-substituted pyridine derivative isolated from Leucena glauca.		2.0310alpha-amino acid
labetalol
Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.		2.0510benzamides;
benzenes;
phenols;
primary carboxamide;
salicylamides;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
lamotrigine
[no description available]		2.05101,2,4-triazines;
dichlorobenzene;
primary arylamine		anticonvulsant;
antidepressant;
antimanic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
xenobiotic
lansoprazole
Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.		2.0510benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
lapachol
lapachol : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted by hydroxy and 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl groups at positions 2 and 3, respectively. It is a natural compound that exhibits antibacterial and anticancer properties, first isolated in 1882 from the bark of Tabebuia avellanedae.		2.6320
beta-lapachone
beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase. beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities.		3.0140benzochromenone;
orthoquinones		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
lavendustin a
lavendustin A: from Streptomyces griseolavendus; structure given in first source		2.0710aromatic amine
lavendustin b
[no description available]		2.0710
leflunomide
Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.		2.7930(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
isoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
antiparasitic agent;
EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
letrozole
[no description available]		2.0810nitrile;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
lg 100268
LG 100268: a retinoid X receptor (RXR) selective compound; structure given in first source		2.0810
lofepramine
Lofepramine: A psychotropic IMIPRAMINE derivative that acts as a tricyclic antidepressant and possesses few anticholinergic properties. It is metabolized to DESIPRAMINE.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
dibenzoazepine;
monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant
lomustine
[no description available]		2.0510N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
loperamide
Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperidines;
tertiary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antidiarrhoeal drug;
mu-opioid receptor agonist
losartan
Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position		2.0510biphenylyltetrazole;
imidazoles		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source		3.6120chromones;
morpholines;
organochlorine compound		autophagy inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
malathion
Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.		2.0510diester;
ethyl ester;
organic thiophosphate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate: structure in first source		2.0510isopropyl ester
manidipine
[no description available]		2.3110diarylmethane
mazindol
Mazindol: Tricyclic anorexigenic agent unrelated to and less toxic than AMPHETAMINE, but with some similar side effects. It inhibits uptake of catecholamines and blocks the binding of cocaine to the dopamine uptake transporter.		2.0510organic molecular entity
mebendazole
Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
carbamate ester		antinematodal drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
meclizine
Meclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.		2.0510diarylmethane
meclofenoxate
Meclofenoxate: An ester of DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL and para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid
mefenamic acid
Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		2.4120aminobenzoic acid;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
vitamin k 3
Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.		2.78301,4-naphthoquinones;
vitamin K		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
human urinary metabolite;
nutraceutical
meperidine
Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.		2.0510ethyl ester;
piperidinecarboxylate ester;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
kappa-opioid receptor agonist;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
mephenytoin
Mephenytoin: An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.. mephenytoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) in which the imidazolidine nucleus carries a methyl group at N-3 and has ethyl and phenyl substituents at C-5. An anticonvulsant, it is no longer available in the USA or the UK but is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.		2.0510imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant
mepivacaine
Mepivacaine: A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168). mepivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide in which N-methylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. It is used as a local amide-type anaesthetic.		2.0510piperidinecarboxamidedrug allergen;
local anaesthetic
meprobamate
Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)		2.0510organic molecular entity
mesalamine
Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.		2.7230amino acid;
aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
phenols		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
metformin
Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.		2.4720guanidinesenvironmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
xenobiotic
methadone
Methadone: A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3). methadone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextromethadone and levomethadone. It is a opioid analgesic which is used as a painkiller and as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction.. 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one : A ketone that is heptan-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 6 and two phenyl groups at position 4.		2.0510benzenes;
diarylmethane;
ketone;
tertiary amino compound
methoxsalen
Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.		2.4720aromatic ether;
psoralens		antineoplastic agent;
cross-linking reagent;
dermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
methoxyflurane
Methoxyflurane: An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180). methoxyflurane : An ether in which the two groups attached to the central oxygen atom are methyl and 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl.		2.0510ether;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		hepatotoxic agent;
inhalation anaesthetic;
nephrotoxic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic
methyl salicylate
methyl salicylate: used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990. methyl salicylate : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.		2.0510benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
salicylates		flavouring agent;
insect attractant;
metabolite
methylphenidate
Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.		2.0510beta-amino acid ester;
methyl ester;
piperidines
methyprylon
methyprylon: was heading 1973-94 (see under HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES 1963-72); use PIPERIDONES to search METHYPRYLON 1973-94		2.0510organic molecular entity
metoclopramide
Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.		2.0510benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
gastrointestinal drug;
xenobiotic
metoprolol
Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.		2.0510aromatic ether;
propanolamine;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
metronidazole
Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.		7.9140C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
primary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiparasitic agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
metyrapone
Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.		2.0510aromatic ketoneantimetabolite;
diagnostic agent;
EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor
mianserin
Mianserin: A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. It may cause drowsiness and hematological problems. Its mechanism of therapeutic action is not well understood, although it apparently blocks alpha-adrenergic, histamine H1, and some types of serotonin receptors.. mianserin : A dibenzoazepine (specifically 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydrodibenzo[c,f]pyrazino[1,2-a]azepine) methyl-substituted on N-2. Closely related to (and now mostly superseded by) the tetracyclic antidepressant mirtazapinean, it is an atypical antidepressant used in the treatment of depression throughout Europe and elsewhere.		2.0510dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine agonist;
sedative;
serotonergic antagonist
miconazole
Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.		2.7330dichlorobenzene;
ether;
imidazoles
midazolam
Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.		2.0510imidazobenzodiazepine;
monofluorobenzenes;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
central nervous system depressant;
GABAA receptor agonist;
general anaesthetic;
muscle relaxant;
sedative
minoxidil
Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.		2.0510dialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
mirtazapine
Mirtazapine: A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.		2.0510benzazepine;
tetracyclic antidepressant		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anxiolytic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
oneirogen;
serotonergic antagonist
mitotane
Mitotane: A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.		4.921diarylmethane
mitoxantrone
Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.		7.9940dihydroxyanthraquinoneanalgesic;
antineoplastic agent
modafinil
Modafinil: A benzhydryl acetamide compound, central nervous system stimulant, and CYP3A4 inducing agent that is used in the treatment of NARCOLEPSY and SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS.. modafinil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of armodafinil and (S)-modafinil. A central nervous system stimulant, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. The optical enantiomers of modafinil have similar pharmacological actions in animals.. 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide : A sulfoxide that is dimethylsulfoxide in which two hydrogens attached to one of the methyl groups are replaced by phenyl groups, while one hydrogen attached to the other methyl group is replaced by a carbamoyl (aminocarbonyl) group.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfoxide
moxisylyte
Moxisylyte: An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in Raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)		2.0510monoterpenoid
entinostat
[no description available]		2.0810benzamides;
carbamate ester;
primary amino compound;
pyridines;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
myristicin
myristicin: asaricin is an isomer; structure; a methylene dioxy version of elemicin;		2.0710organic molecular entitymetabolite
deet
N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of m-toluic acid with the nitrogen of diethylamine. First developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 for use by military personnel in insect-infested areas, it is the most widely used insect repellent worldwide.		2.0510benzamides;
monocarboxylic acid amide		environmental contaminant;
insect repellent;
xenobiotic
nabumetone
Nabumetone: A butanone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with OSTEOARTHRITIS and RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.. nabumetone : A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.		2.0510methoxynaphthalene;
methyl ketone		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
nalidixic acid
[no description available]		3.02401,8-naphthyridine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
nefazodone
nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct		2.0510aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazoles		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
nevirapine
Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.		2.4420cyclopropanes;
dipyridodiazepine		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nialamide
Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.		2.0510organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
nicardipine
Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.		6.9710benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound
niceritrol
Niceritrol: An ester of nicotinic acid that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in total plasma and in the VLD- and LD-lipoprotein fractions.		2.0510organic molecular entity
nifedipine
Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.		2.4220C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester		calcium channel blocker;
human metabolite;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent
niflumic acid
Niflumic Acid: An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.		2.0510aromatic carboxylic acid;
pyridines
nilutamide
[no description available]		2.0510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
imidazolidinone		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
nimesulide
nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.		2.0510aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
sulfonamide		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nimodipine
Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.		2.43202-methoxyethyl ester;
C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
nisoldipine
Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.		2.0510C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester
nitrazepam
Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound		anticonvulsant;
antispasmodic drug;
drug metabolite;
GABA modulator;
sedative
nitrendipine
Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.		2.0510C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
geroprotector;
vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin
Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.		3.0850nitroglycerolexplosive;
muscle relaxant;
nitric oxide donor;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
nizatidine
[no description available]		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
C-nitro compound;
carboxamidine;
organic sulfide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-ulcer drug;
cholinergic drug;
H2-receptor antagonist
masoprocol
nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)		2.4820catechols;
lignan;
tetrol		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite
norfloxacin
Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.		2.0510fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nortriptyline
Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.		2.0510organic tricyclic compound;
secondary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite
6,7-dimethoxy-3-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-7,8-dihydro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolin-5-yl)-3H-isobenzofuran-1-one
[no description available]		2.0710isoquinolines
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid
5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid: structure given in first source; chloride channel antagonist		2.0410nitrobenzoic acid
ofloxacin
Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.		2.15103-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxazinoquinoline
olprinone
olprinone: RN refers to HCl; structure given in first source		2.0810bipyridines
omeprazole
Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.		2.4720aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide
ondansetron
Ondansetron: A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.		2.0510carbazoles
orphenadrine
Orphenadrine: A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm.. orphenadrine : A tertiary amino compound which is the phenyl-o-tolylmethyl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol.		2.0510ether;
tertiary amino compound		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
parasympatholytic
oxamniquine
Oxamniquine: An anthelmintic with schistosomicidal activity against Schistosoma mansoni, but not against other Schistosoma spp. Oxamniquine causes worms to shift from the mesenteric veins to the liver where the male worms are retained; the female worms return to the mesentery, but can no longer release eggs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p121). oxamniquine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-oxamniquine. An anthelmintic, it is administered orally for the treatment of schistomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni (but not by other Schistosoma species); intramuscular administration is no longer used as it causes severe pain at the injection site.. {2-[(isopropylamino)methyl]-7-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl}methanol : A member of the class of quinolines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 2, 6, and 7 by (isopropylamino)methyl, hydroxymethyl, and nitro groups, respectively.		2.0510aromatic primary alcohol;
C-nitro compound;
quinolines;
secondary amino compound
oxaprozin
Oxaprozin: An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.. oxaprozin : A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		2.05101,3-oxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
oxazepam
Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
oxethazaine
[no description available]		2.0510amino acid amide
oxprenolol
Oxprenolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.		2.0510aromatic ether
oxybenzone
oxybenzone : A hydroxybenzophenone that is benzophenone which is substituted at the 2- and 4-positions of one of the benzene rings by hydroxy and methoxy groups respectively.		2.0510hydroxybenzophenone;
monomethoxybenzene		dermatologic drug;
environmental contaminant;
protective agent;
ultraviolet filter;
xenobiotic
oxyphenbutazone
Oxyphenbutazone: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27). oxyphenbutazone : A metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.		2.0510phenols;
pyrazolidines		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
drug metabolite;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite
aminosalicylic acid
Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.		2.0510aminobenzoic acid;
phenols		antitubercular agent
pantoprazole
Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
papaverine
Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.		1.9810benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
dimethoxybenzene;
isoquinolines		antispasmodic drug;
vasodilator agent
pargyline
Pargyline: A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties.		1.9710aromatic amine
patulin
Patulin: 4-Hydroxy-4H-furo(3,2-c)pyran-2(6H)-one. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is found in unfermented apple and grape juice and field crops. It has antibiotic properties and has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic and causes chromosome damage in biological systems.. patulin : A furopyran and lactone that is (2H-pyran-3(6H)-ylidene)acetic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 4 and in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has condensed with the carboxy group to give the corresponding bicyclic lactone. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, it has antibiotic properties but has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic.		7.9440furopyran;
gamma-lactone;
lactol		antimicrobial agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
carcinogenic agent;
mutagen;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite
pemoline
Pemoline: A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.. pemoline : A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity.		2.05101,3-oxazolescentral nervous system stimulant
pentobarbital
Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.		2.0510barbituratesGABAA receptor agonist
pentoxifylline
[no description available]		2.0510oxopurine
perazine
Perazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE. Extrapyramidal symptoms may be more common than other side effects.. perazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazinecarries a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl substituent at the N-10 position.		2.0510N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
phenothiazines		dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
perphenazine
Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.		2.0510N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacetin
Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione		2.0510acetamides;
aromatic ether		cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug
phenobarbital
Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		2.6730barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
sedative
phenolphthalein
Phenolphthalein: An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic.		2.0510phenols
phenoxybenzamine
Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.		2.0510aromatic amine
phenylbutazone
Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position.		2.0510pyrazolidinesantirheumatic drug;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
phloretin
[no description available]		2.0710dihydrochalconesantineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
moxonidine
moxonidine: structure given in first source		2.0510organohalogen compound;
pyrimidines
pinacidil
Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)		2.0510pyridines
pioglitazone
Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		2.0810aromatic ether;
pyridines;
thiazolidinediones		antidepressant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin-sensitizing drug;
PPARgamma agonist;
xenobiotic
pipemidic acid
Pipemidic Acid: Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concentrated in bile and urine and used for gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.. pipemidic acid : A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a piperazin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial, it is used for treatment of gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.		2.0510amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
pyridopyrimidine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
piperazine
[no description available]		2.0510azacycloalkane;
piperazines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent		anthelminthic drug
potassium chloride
Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.		2.3920inorganic chloride;
inorganic potassium salt;
potassium salt		fertilizer
praziquantel
azinox: Russian drug		7.4520isoquinolines
prazosin
Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively.		2.0510aromatic ether;
furans;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperazines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
primaquine
Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.		2.5120aminoquinoline;
aromatic ether;
N-substituted diamine		antimalarial
primidone
Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.		2.0510pyrimidoneanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
proadifen
Proadifen: An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.		1.9410diarylmethane
probenecid
Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.		2.420benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		uricosuric drug
probucol
Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood.		2.0510dithioketal;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory drug;
anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antioxidant;
cardiovascular drug
procainamide
Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.		2.0510benzamidesanti-arrhythmia drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker
procarbazine
Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.		2.0510benzamides;
hydrazines		antineoplastic agent
prochlorperazine
Prochlorperazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612). prochlorperazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.		2.0510N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antiemetic;
cholinergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic
promethazine
Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.		2.0510phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
sedative
propofol
Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.		2.4720phenolsanticonvulsant;
antiemetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
radical scavenger;
sedative
propranolol
Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.		2.4120naphthalenes;
propanolamine;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
anxiolytic drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
human blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
propyl gallate
Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils.		1.9810trihydroxybenzoic acid
protoporphyrin ix
protoporphyrin IX: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7685. protoporphyrin : A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin bearing four methyl substituents at positions 3, 8, 13 and 17, two vinyl substituents at positions 7 and 12 and two 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2 and 18. The parent of the class of protoporphyrins.		2.2110
pyridinolcarbamate
Pyridinolcarbamate: A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders, hyperlipidemias, and thrombo-embolic disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1408)		2.0510pyridines
pyrimethamine
Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds		2.0510aminopyrimidine;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
3-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-5-iodo-1H-indol-2-one
[no description available]		2.5320indoles
ranitidine
[no description available]		2.0510aralkylamine
opc 12759
rebamipide: structure in first source; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; inhibits gastric xanthine oxidase		2.0510secondary carboxamide
riluzole
Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.		2.4720benzothiazoles
risperidone
Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.		2.05101,2-benzoxazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridopyrimidine		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
rofecoxib
[no description available]		2.0510butenolide;
sulfone		analgesic;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
salicylamide
salamide: a major impurity of hydrochlorothiazide; structure in first source		2.0510phenols;
salicylamides		antirheumatic drug;
non-narcotic analgesic
sanguinarine
benzophenanthridine alkaloid : A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family.		2.0710alkaloid antibiotic;
benzophenanthridine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent
sb 206553
SB 206553: a high-affinity 5-HT(2C/2B) antagonist; structure given in first source		2.0810pyrroloindole
sb 220025
SB 220025: inhibits p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase; structure in first source. SB220025 : Am member of the class of imidazoles carrying piperidin-4-yl, 4-fluophenyl and 2-aminopyrimidin-4-yl substituents at posiitons 1, 4 and 5 respectively.		2.0810aminopyrimidine;
imidazoles;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
sb 202190
4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole: structure given in first source; inhibits p38 MAP kinase		2.0810imidazoles;
organofluorine compound;
phenols;
pyridines		apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
sevoflurane
Sevoflurane: A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION.. sevoflurane : An ether compound having fluoromethyl and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl as the two alkyl groups.		2.0510ether;
organofluorine compound		central nervous system depressant;
inhalation anaesthetic;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
sibutramine
sibutramine: serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor; Meridia is tradename for sibutramine hydrochloride		2.0510organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-obesity agent;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
sulfadiazine
Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.		2.420pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
coccidiostat;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sk&f 86002
6-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5-(4-pyridinyl)imidazo(2,1-b)thiazole: inhibits p38 MAP kinase		2.0810imidazoles
iodoacetic acid
Iodoacetic Acid: A derivative of ACETIC ACID that contains one IODINE atom attached to its methyl group.. iodoacetic acid : A haloacetic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by an iodine atom.		1.9910haloacetic acid;
organoiodine compound		alkylating agent
sotalol
Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.		2.0510ethanolamines;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
sulfonamide		anti-arrhythmia drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
4-phenylbutyric acid, sodium salt
sodium phenylbutyrate : The organic sodium salt of 4-phenylbutyric acid. A prodrug for phenylacetate, it is used to treat urea cycle disorders.		2.0510organic sodium saltEC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent;
orphan drug;
prodrug
stearic acid
octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.		2.3820long-chain fatty acid;
saturated fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
imatinib
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic amine;
benzamides;
N-methylpiperazine;
pyridines;
pyrimidines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
streptonigrin
[no description available]		2.0710pyridines;
quinolone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent
vorinostat
Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).		2.4720dicarboxylic acid diamide;
hydroxamic acid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
sulconazole
sulconazole: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure given in first source. sulconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-sulconazole. An antifungal agent with activity against Candida species, it is used (generally as the nitrate salt) for the topical treatment of fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-[(4-chlorobenzyl)sulfanyl]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}-1H-imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-ethyl-1H-imidazole in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a (4-chlorobenzyl)sulfanediyl group while a second is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorophenyl group.		2.0310dichlorobenzene;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes;
organic sulfide
sulfadimethoxine
Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.		2.0510aromatic ether;
pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfamerazine
[no description available]		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen
sulfameter
Sulfameter: Long acting sulfonamide used in leprosy, urinary, and respiratory tract infections.. sulfamethoxydiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having a methoxy substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
leprostatic drug;
renal agent
sulfamethazine
Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ligand;
xenobiotic
sulfamethizole
Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.		2.0510sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.		2.0510isoxazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
epitope;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
sulfanilamide
[no description available]		2.0510substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
sulfaphenazole
Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.. sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent.		2.0510primary amino compound;
pyrazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor
sulfapyridine
Sulfapyridine: Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases.. sulfapyridine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.0510pyridines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
dermatologic drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfasalazine
Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.		2.7130
sulfathiazole
Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.03101,3-thiazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfinpyrazone
Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.		2.0510pyrazolidines;
sulfoxide		uricosuric drug
2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol
[no description available]		2.0510alkylbenzene
sulpiride
Sulpiride: A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). sulpiride : A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine.		2.0510benzamides;
N-alkylpyrrolidine;
sulfonamide		antidepressant;
antiemetic;
antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
suprofen
Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antirheumatic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
suramin
Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years.		4.921naphthalenesulfonic acid;
phenylureas;
secondary carboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antinematodal drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
GABA antagonist;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
purinergic receptor P2 antagonist;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
trypanocidal drug
2-[4-(1,2-diphenylbut-1-enyl)phenoxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine
[no description available]		2.0810stilbenoid
gatifloxacin
Gatifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used as an ophthalmic solution for the treatment of BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.. gatifloxacin : A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes.		2.0510N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
tegafur
[no description available]		2.0510organohalogen compound;
pyrimidines
temazepam
Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.		2.0510benzodiazepine
temozolomide
[no description available]		8.6480imidazotetrazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
triazene derivative		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
terbutaline
Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.		2.0510phenylethanolamines;
resorcinols		anti-asthmatic drug;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
tocolytic agent
terfenadine
Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.		2.0510diarylmethane
tetracaine
Tetracaine: A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.. tetracaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-N-butylbenzoic acid and 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; a local ester anaesthetic (ester caine) used for surface and spinal anaesthesia.		2.0510benzoate ester;
tertiary amino compound		local anaesthetic
tetraethylammonium
Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)		1.9610quaternary ammonium ion
tetrahydropapaverine
tetrahydropapaverine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is norlaudanosoline in which the four phenolic hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups.		2.0710aromatic ether;
benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline;
polyether;
secondary amino compound
thalidomide
Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.		10.6351phthalimides;
piperidones
theobromine
Theobromine: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9). theobromine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, and is a vasodilator, diuretic and heart stimulator.		2.0710dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
bronchodilator agent;
food component;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
thiabendazole
Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
benzimidazole fungicide;
benzimidazoles		antifungal agrochemical;
antinematodal drug
thioridazine
Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.		2.0510phenothiazines;
piperidines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
thiotepa
Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).		2.3520aziridines
tiaprofenic acid
tiaprofenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tiaprofenic acid : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by a 1-carboxyethyl group.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		drug allergen;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ticlopidine
Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
fibrin modulating drug;
hematologic agent;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
tiopronin
Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE.		2.0510N-acyl-amino acid
tizanidine
tizanidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tizanidine : 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites.		2.0510benzothiadiazole;
imidazoles		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
muscle relaxant
tolazamide
Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		2.0510N-sulfonylureahypoglycemic agent;
potassium channel blocker
tolbutamide
Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.		2.420N-sulfonylureahuman metabolite;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue;
potassium channel blocker
tolperisone
Tolperisone: A centrally acting muscle relaxant that has been used for the symptomatic treatment of spasticity and muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1211)		2.0510aromatic ketone
ultram
2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol : A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.		2.0510aromatic ether;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
tranexamic acid
Tranexamic Acid: Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.		2.0510amino acid
trazodone
Trazodone: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309). trazodone : An N-arylpiperazine in which one nitrogen is substituted by a 3-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a 3-(3-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2(3H)-yl)propyl group.		2.0510monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazolopyridine		adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
triamterene
Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.		4.3222pteridinesdiuretic;
sodium channel blocker
triclosan
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
fungicide;
persistent organic pollutant;
xenobiotic
trifluoperazine
[no description available]		2.6730N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
calmodulin antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
triflupromazine
Triflupromazine: A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.. triflupromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position.		2.0510organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
trimethadione
Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.		2.0510oxazolidinoneanticonvulsant;
geroprotector
trimethoprim
Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.		2.0510aminopyrimidine;
methoxybenzenes		antibacterial drug;
diuretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
trioxsalen
Trioxsalen: Pigmenting photosensitizing agent obtained from several plants, mainly Psoralea corylifolia. It is administered either topically or orally in conjunction with ultraviolet light in the treatment of vitiligo.. lactone : Any cyclic carboxylic ester containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure, or an analogue having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.. antipsoriatic : A drug used to treat psoriasis.. trioxsalen : 7H-Furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which positions 2, 5, and 9 are substituted by methyl groups. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo. After photoactivation it creates interstrand cross-links in DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell division, and can lead to cell injury; recovery from the cell injury may be followed by increased melanisation of the epidermis.		2.0710psoralensdermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent
troglitazone
Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.		2.4720chromanes;
thiazolidinone		anticoagulant;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
venlafaxine
venlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group.		2.0510cyclohexanols;
monomethoxybenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
xenobiotic
vesnarinone
[no description available]		2.0510organic molecular entity
vigabatrin
[no description available]		2.0510gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2h-tetrazolium hydroxide
2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide: structure given in first source		2.0510
ici 204,219
zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		2.0510carbamate ester;
indoles;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide		anti-asthmatic agent;
leukotriene antagonist
zolpidem
Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.. zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.		2.0510imidazopyridinecentral nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
sedative
guanidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510one-carbon compound;
organic chloride salt		protein denaturant
hydrocortisone acetate
hydrocortisone acetate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0510cortisol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cortisone acetate
Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.		2.0510corticosteroid hormone
mitomycin
Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.		2.4720mitomycinalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
corticosterone
[no description available]		8.236011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
prednisolone
Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.		2.944011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
drug metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
estriol
hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl.		2.051016alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid		estrogen;
human metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
reserpine
Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.		2.4720alkaloid ester;
methyl ester;
yohimban alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
first generation antipsychotic;
plant metabolite;
xenobiotic
cephaloridine
Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C.		2.0510beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
phentolamine
Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.		2.420imidazoles;
phenols;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
sorbitol
D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).		2.0510glucitolcathartic;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food humectant;
human metabolite;
laxative;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
alloxan
Alloxan: Acidic compound formed by oxidation of URIC ACID. It is isolated as an efflorescent crystalline hydrate.. alloxan : A member of the class of pyrimidones, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4, -5 and -6 by oxo groups.		2.2110pyrimidonehyperglycemic agent;
metabolite
thymidine
[no description available]		8.3670pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
floxuridine
Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.		2.0510nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
radiosensitizing agent
piperonyl butoxide
[no description available]		2.5120benzodioxolespesticide synergist
bromouracil
Bromouracil: 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an antimetabolite, substituting for thymine in DNA. It is used mainly as an experimental mutagen, but its deoxyriboside (BROMODEOXYURIDINE) is used to treat neoplasms.. 5-bromouracil : A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen.		2.0510nucleobase analogue;
pyrimidines		mutagen
3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid
tiratricol : A monocarboxylic acid that is (4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)acetic acid in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a 4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy group. It is a thyroid hormone analogue that has been used in the treatment of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome.		2.0510
histamine dihydrochloride
Ceplene: Tradename for histamine dihydrochloride.		2.0510
thyroxine
Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.		3.08502-halophenol;
iodophenol;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
thyroxine zwitterion;
thyroxine		antithyroid drug;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
dextroamphetamine
Dextroamphetamine: The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.. (S)-amphetamine : A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration.		2.41201-phenylpropan-2-amineadrenergic agent;
adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
dopaminergic agent;
neurotoxin;
sympathomimetic agent
carbachol
Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.		2.4120ammonium salt;
carbamate ester		cardiotonic drug;
miotic;
muscarinic agonist;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
norethindrone acetate
norethisterone acetate : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is norethisterone in which the hydroxy group has been converted to its acetate ester.		2.05103-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
terminal acetylenic compound		progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
spironolactone
Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.		2.05103-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
oxaspiro compound;
steroid lactone;
thioester		aldosterone antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cyclobarbital
cyclobarbital: was heading 1977-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1977-90); CYCLOBARBITONE, HEXEMAL, & TETRAHYDROPHENOBARBITAL were see CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; use BARBITURATES to search CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; short to intermediate duration barbiturate used as hypnotic and sedative		2.0510barbiturates
aldosterone
[no description available]		6.961011beta-hydroxy steroid;
18-oxo steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid hormone;
mineralocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
steroid aldehyde		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
allobarbital
allobarbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ALLOBARBITONE, DIALLYLBARBITAL, DIALLYLBARBITURIC ACID, & DIALLYLMAL were see ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; a barbiturate derivative with effects of intermediate duration; at lower doses, it is used as a sedative; at higher doses, it displays hypnotic effects		2.0510barbiturates
penicillamine
Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.		2.7230non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
penicillamine		antirheumatic drug;
chelator;
copper chelator;
drug allergen
trichlorfon
Trichlorfon: An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed). trichlorfon : A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.		2.0510organic phosphonate;
organochlorine compound;
phosphonic ester		agrochemical;
anthelminthic drug;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
insecticide
prednisone
Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.		7.058411-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
estrone
Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.		3.793017-oxo steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
phenolic steroid;
phenols		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
oxandrolone
Oxandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
oxa-steroid		anabolic agent;
androgen
dehydroepiandrosterone
Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.		2.42017-oxo steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
androstanoid		androgen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
nad
[no description available]		2.0510NADgeroprotector
penicillin g
Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
epitope
pilocarpine hydrochloride
pilocarpine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of (+)-pilocarpine, a medication used to treat increased pressure inside the eye and dry mouth.		2.0710hydrochloride
pilocarpine
Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine.		2.0510pilocarpineantiglaucoma drug
triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.		3.24602-halophenol;
amino acid zwitterion;
iodophenol;
iodothyronine		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
carbon tetrachloride
Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.		2.0710chlorocarbon;
chloromethanes		hepatotoxic agent;
refrigerant
cantharidin
Cantharidin: A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally.. cantharidin : A monoterpenoid with an epoxy-bridged cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride structure secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Natural toxin inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A.		2.0710cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride;
monoterpenoid		EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
herbicide
alanine
Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.		1.9910alanine zwitterion;
alanine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite
4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide
4-nitroquinoline N-oxide : A quinoline N-oxide carrying a nitro substituent at position 4.		2.1110C-nitro compound;
quinoline N-oxide		carcinogenic agent
chloramphenicol
Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.		2.4120C-nitro compound;
carboxamide;
diol;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid
Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.		2.5120aspartate family amino acid;
aspartic acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
glutamine
Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.		2.0510amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
glutamine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lysine
Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.		4.04150aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
lysine;
organic molecular entity;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
anticonvulsant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cetrimonium bromide
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide : The organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.		2.5120organic bromide salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		detergent;
surfactant
cyanides
Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide.		3.0810pseudohalide anionEC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor
vincristine
[no description available]		2.4620acetate ester;
formamides;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
physostigmine
Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.		2.4720carbamate ester;
indole alkaloid		antidote to curare poisoning;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
miotic
sucrose
Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.		2.3820glycosyl glycosidealgal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
ethinyl estradiol
Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.		4.497017-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
testosterone propionate
Testosterone Propionate: An ester of TESTOSTERONE with a propionate substitution at the 17-beta position.. androgen : A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.		2.0510steroid ester
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.		1.9610ortho-fused polycyclic arene;
tetraphenes		carcinogenic agent
apomorphine
Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.		2.0510aporphine alkaloidalpha-adrenergic drug;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
emetic;
serotonergic drug
aminopyrine
Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.		2.0510pyrazolone;
tertiary amino compound		antipyretic;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
methyltestosterone
Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position.		7.693017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
enone		anabolic agent;
androgen;
antineoplastic agent
tetrabenazine
9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.		2.0510benzoquinolizine;
cyclic ketone;
tertiary amino compound
adenosine diphosphate
Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.		1.9510adenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate		fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite
cephalothin
Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections.		2.0510azabicycloalkene;
beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative;
thiophenes		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
uridine
[no description available]		2.6730uridinesdrug metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite
uridine diphosphate
Uridine Diphosphate: A uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety.		2.1310pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate;
uridine 5'-phosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
kanamycin a
Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.		2.4720kanamycinsbacterial metabolite
carbostyril
Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.. quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2.		2.1110monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolone		bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
phenylephrine
Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		2.4120phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
mydriatic agent;
nasal decongestant;
protective agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
levodopa
Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease		2.7730amino acid zwitterion;
dopa;
L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		allelochemical;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
prodrug
edetic acid
Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.		2.3620ethylenediamine derivative;
polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid		anticoagulant;
antidote;
chelator;
copper chelator;
geroprotector
veratramine
veratramine: structure. veratramine : A piperidine alkaloid comprising the 14,15,16,17-tetradehydro derivative of veratraman having two hydroxy groups at the 3- and 23-positions.		2.0710piperidine alkaloid
phlorhizin
[no description available]		2.0710aryl beta-D-glucoside;
dihydrochalcones;
monosaccharide derivative		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
adenosine monophosphate
Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.		1.9910adenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate		adenosine A1 receptor agonist;
cofactor;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical
papaverine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
niridazole
Niridazole: An antischistosomal agent that has become obsolete.		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
C-nitro compound
methylene blue
Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.		8.5890organic chloride saltacid-base indicator;
antidepressant;
antimalarial;
antimicrobial agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor;
fluorochrome;
histological dye;
neuroprotective agent;
physical tracer
leucine
Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.		1.9710amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
leucine;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
androstenedione
Androstenedione: A delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.. androst-4-ene-3,17-dione : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads.		2.94017-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
androstanoid		androgen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
carbaryl
Carbaryl: A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.. carbaryl : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 1-naphthol with methylcarbamic acid.		2.0510carbamate ester;
naphthalenes		acaricide;
agrochemical;
carbamate insecticide;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
plant growth retardant
lactose
Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.		2.9640lactose
methionine
Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.		3.0750aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
methionine zwitterion;
methionine;
proteinogenic amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.		2.0510
Mebutamate
[no description available]		2.0510organic molecular entity
colchicine
(S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.		2.4720alkaloid;
colchicine		anti-inflammatory agent;
gout suppressant;
mutagen
yohimbine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
1-naphthaldehyde
1-naphthaldehyde: structure. naphthaldehyde : An aldehyde in which the organyl group is a naphthyl group.. 1-naphthaldehyde : A naphthaldehyde with a formyl group at position 1.		1.9610naphthaldehydemouse metabolite
cycloheximide
Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.		2.5120antibiotic fungicide;
cyclic ketone;
dicarboximide;
piperidine antibiotic;
piperidones;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
2-naphthaldehyde
2-naphthaldehyde: structure. 2-naphthaldehyde : A naphthaldehyde that is naphthalene substituted by a formyl group at position 2.		1.9610naphthaldehydemouse metabolite
chloroform
Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.		7.8840chloromethanes;
one-carbon compound		carcinogenic agent;
central nervous system drug;
inhalation anaesthetic;
non-polar solvent;
refrigerant
gliotoxin
Gliotoxin: A fungal toxin produced by various species of Trichoderma, Gladiocladium fimbriatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Penicillium. It is used as an immunosuppressive agent.. gliotoxin : A pyrazinoindole with a disulfide bridge spanning a dioxo-substituted pyrazine ring; mycotoxin produced by several species of fungi.		2.0710dipeptide;
organic disulfide;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
pyrazinoindole		antifungal agent;
EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
proteasome inhibitor
norethindrone
Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen.		4.544017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound;
tertiary alcohol		progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
norethynodrel
Norethynodrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions and uses similar to those of PROGESTERONE. It has been used in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding and ENDOMETRIOSIS. As a contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS), it has usually been administered in combination with MESTRANOL.		2.0510oxo steroid
benziodarone
benziodarone: minor descriptor (75-89); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZOFURANS (68-89) & IODOBENZOATES (74)		2.0510aromatic ketone
17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone
17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone.		2.372017alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
progestin
tubercidin
Tubercidin: An antibiotic purine ribonucleoside that readily substitutes for adenosine in the biological system, but its incorporation into DNA and RNA has an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of these nucleic acids.. tubercidin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is adenosine in which the in the 5-membered ring that is not attached to the ribose moiety is replaced by a carbon. Tubercidin is produced in the culture broth of Streptomyces tubericidus.		2.0710antibiotic antifungal agent;
N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine;
ribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
ampicillin
Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.		2.0510beta-lactam antibiotic;
penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
mannitol
[no description available]		2.730mannitolallergen;
antiglaucoma drug;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food anticaking agent;
food bulking agent;
food humectant;
food stabiliser;
food thickening agent;
hapten;
metabolite;
osmotic diuretic;
sweetening agent
cytarabine
[no description available]		2.7330beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
pyrimidine nucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
immunosuppressive agent
trifluridine
Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.		2.0310nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
ornithine
Ornithine: An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.. ornithine : An alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5.		1.9610non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
ornithine		algal metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
mouse metabolite
dinitrofluorobenzene
Dinitrofluorobenzene: Irritants and reagents for labeling terminal amino acid groups.. 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : The organofluorine compound that is benzene with a fluoro substituent at the 1-position and two nitro substituents in the 2- and 4-positions.		2.6830C-nitro compound;
organofluorine compound		agrochemical;
allergen;
chromatographic reagent;
EC 2.7.3.2 (creatine kinase) inhibitor;
protein-sequencing agent;
spectrophotometric reagent
histidine
Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3.		6.9810amino acid zwitterion;
histidine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
medroxyprogesterone acetate
[no description available]		2.051020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
corticosteroid;
steroid ester		adjuvant;
androgen;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
female contraceptive drug;
inhibitor;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
veratridine
[no description available]		2.0710steroidsodium channel modulator
valine
Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.		1.9510L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid;
valine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
threonine
Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group.		1.9510amino acid zwitterion;
aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
threonine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mestranol
[no description available]		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
aromatic ether;
terminal acetylenic compound		prodrug;
xenoestrogen
methaqualone
Methaqualone: A quinazoline derivative with hypnotic and sedative properties. It has been withdrawn from the market in many countries because of problems with abuse. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methaqualone : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazolin-4-one substituted at positions 2 and 3 by methyl and o-tolyl groups respectively. A depressant that increases the activity of the GABA receptors in the brain and nervous system, it is used as a sedative and hypnotic medication. It became popular as a recreational drug and club drug in the late 1960s and 1970s.		2.0510quinazolinesGABA agonist;
sedative
trypan blue
VisionBlue: A trypan blue ophthalmic solution.		2.0510
cordycepin
[no description available]		2.05103'-deoxyribonucleoside;
adenosines		antimetabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic
tryptophan
Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.		2.420erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tryptophan zwitterion;
tryptophan		antidepressant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
isoleucine
Isoleucine: An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.. isoleucine : A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration.. L-isoleucine : The L-enantiomer of isoleucine.		1.9510aspartate family amino acid;
isoleucine;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
arginine
Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.		3.78110arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
ethylamine
ethylamine : A two-carbon primary aliphatic amine.		2.0210primary aliphatic aminehuman metabolite
carbon disulfide
Carbon Disulfide: A colorless, flammable, poisonous liquid, CS2. It is used as a solvent, and is a counterirritant and has local anesthetic properties but is not used as such. It is highly toxic with pronounced CNS, hematologic, and dermatologic effects.		3.4720one-carbon compound;
organosulfur compound
trichloroacetic acid
Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.. trichloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		carcinogenic agent;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
triamcinolone acetonide
Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.		2.051011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
allylpropymal
allylpropymal: RN given refers to parent cpd. aprobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by an isopropyl and a prop-1-en-3-yl group at position 5.		2.0510barbiturates
gibberellic acid
gibberellic acid: RN given refers to (1alpha,2beta,4aalpha,4bbeta,10beta)-isomer; structure. gibberellin A3 : A C19-gibberellin that is a pentacyclic diterpenoid responsible for promoting growth and elongation of cells in plants. Initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi,it differs from gibberellin A1 in the presence of a double bond between C-3 and C-4.		2.5420C19-gibberellin;
gibberellin monocarboxylic acid;
lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
phencyclidine
Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.		1.9510benzenes;
piperidines		anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug
butobarbital
butobarbital: Butobarbital should be distinguished from Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital)		2.0510barbiturates
tetraethyl lead
Tetraethyl Lead: A highly toxic compound used as a gasoline additive. It causes acute toxic psychosis or chronic poisoning if inhaled or absorbed through the skin.. tetraethyllead : An organolead compound consisting of four ethyl groups joined to a central lead atom.		1.9710organolead compound
trichloroethylene
Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.		2.0510chloroethenesinhalation anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite
dehydrocholic acid
Dehydrocholic Acid: A semisynthetic bile acid made from cholic acid. It is used as a cholagogue, hydrocholeretic, diuretic, and as a diagnostic aid.. 3,7,12-trioxo-5beta-cholanic acid : An oxo-5beta-cholanic acid in which three oxo substituents are located at positions 3, 7 and 12 on the cholanic acid skeleton.		2.051012-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-5beta-steroid;
7-oxo steroid;
oxo-5beta-cholanic acid		gastrointestinal drug
purpurin
purpurin: from Rubiaceae plants; structure in first source. purpurin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone derived from anthracene by substitution with oxo groups at C-9 and C-10 and with hydroxy groups at C-1, C-2 and C-4.		2.2110trihydroxyanthraquinonebiological pigment;
histological dye;
plant metabolite
visnagin
visnagin: from Musineon divaricatum. visnagin : A furanochromone that is furo[3,2-g]chromen-5-one which is substituted at positions 4 and 7 by methoxy and methyl groups, respectively. Found in the toothpick-plant, Ammi visnaga.		2.0710aromatic ether;
furanochromone;
polyketide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 1.1.1.37 (malate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
phytotoxin;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
acenaphthenequinone
acenaphthoquinone : An orthoquinone that is the 1,2-dioxo derivative of acenaphthene.		2.4920orthoquinoneschain carrier;
epitope
methylprednisolone
Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.		2.05106-methylprednisolone;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antiemetic;
environmental contaminant;
neuroprotective agent;
xenobiotic
lawsone
lawsone: a molluscacide from leaves of Lawsonia inermis L. topical sunscreening agent; structure; powdered leaves of Lawsonia inermis(Lythraceae) used as brown hair dye. lawsone : 1,4-Naphthoquinone carrying a hydroxy function at C-2. It is obtained from the leaves of Lawsonia inermis.		2.2110
rotenone
Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.		2.4120organic heteropentacyclic compound;
rotenones		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor;
phytogenic insecticide;
piscicide;
toxin
skimmianine
skimmianine: furanoquinoline alkaloid from Teclea (RUTACEAE)		2.0710alkaloid antibiotic;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
oxacycle
syrosingopine
syrosingopine: was heading 1963-94; SYRINGOPINE was see SYROSINGOPINE 1977-94; use RESERPINE to search SYROSINGOPINE 1966-94		2.0710yohimban alkaloid
1-naphthoic acid
naphthoic acid : An aromatic carboxylic acid that consists of a naphthalene skeleton substituted by one or more carboxy groups.		3.1810naphthoic acidbacterial xenobiotic metabolite;
fungal xenobiotic metabolite
isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.		2.0510glucitol derivative;
nitrate ester		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
gramine
gramine : An aminoalkylindole that is indole carrying a dimethylaminomethyl substituent at postion 3.		2.0710aminoalkylindole;
indole alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound		antibacterial agent;
antiviral agent;
plant metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone
N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source		3.5990pyrrolidin-2-ones
salicylaldehyde
o-hydroxybenzaldehyde: structure in first source		6.9610hydroxybenzaldehydenematicide;
plant metabolite
2-phenylphenol
2-phenylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. biphenyl-2-ol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It is generally used as a post-harvest fungicide for citrus fruits.		2.0510hydroxybiphenylsantifungal agrochemical;
environmental food contaminant
proflavine
Proflavine: Topical antiseptic used mainly in wound dressings.. 3,6-diaminoacridine : An aminoacridine that is acridine that is substituted by amino groups at positions 3 and 6. A slow-acting bacteriostat that is effective against many Gram-positive bacteria (but ineffective against spores), its salts were formerly used for treatment of burns and infected wounds.		7.0810aminoacridinesantibacterial agent;
antiseptic drug;
carcinogenic agent;
chromophore;
intercalator
xanthenes
Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring.		2.9140xanthene
synephrine
[no description available]		2.0510ethanolamines;
phenethylamine alkaloid;
phenols		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
plant metabolite
propylparaben
Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)		1.9610benzoate ester;
paraben;
phenols		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent
benzoyl peroxide
Benzoyl Peroxide: A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.		2.0510carbonyl compound
alpha-chlorohydrin
alpha-Chlorohydrin: A chlorinated PROPANEDIOL with antifertility activity in males used as a chemosterilant in rodents.. 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol : A chloropropane-1,2-diol that is propane-1,2-diol substituted by a chloro group at position 3.		2.6730chloropropane-1,2-diol
4-butyrolactone
4-Butyrolactone: One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.. tetrahydrofuranone : Any oxolane having an oxo- substituent at any position on the tetrahydrofuran ring.. gamma-butyrolactone : A butan-4-olide that is tetrahydrofuran substituted by an oxo group at position 2.		3.2110butan-4-olidemetabolite;
neurotoxin
1-phenethylamine
1-phenethylamine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 1-phenylethylamine : A phenylethylamine that is ethylamine substituted by a phenyl group at position 1.		1.9710phenylethylaminehuman metabolite
4-bromophenacyl bromide
4-bromophenacyl bromide: phospholipidase A(2) inhibitor; structure		2.3820
boric acid
[no description available]		1.9610boric acidsastringent
nonoxynol
Nonoxynol: Nonionic surfactant mixtures varying in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups. They are used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, defoaming agents, etc. Nonoxynol-9, the compound with 9 repeating ethoxy groups, is a spermatocide, formulated primarily as a component of vaginal foams and creams.		2.6630
hydroxycitronellal
hydroxycitronellal : The tertiary alcohol arising from addition of water across the C=C double bond of citronellal.		3.3510tertiary alcoholallergen;
fragrance
2-cyanoacetamide
2-cyanoacetamide: used in fluorimetric labeling of monosaccharides; structure		2.0810
n-pentanoic acid
n-pentanoic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. valeric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid containing five carbon atoms.		2.0110short-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		plant metabolite
pyrroles
1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.		7.82111pyrrole;
secondary amine
furan
furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid.		2.0510furans;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene		carcinogenic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
Maillard reaction product
thiophenes
Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.		2.0310mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene;
thiophenes;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
ergotamine
Ergotamine: A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. ergotamine : A peptide ergot alkaloid that is dihydroergotamine in which a double bond replaces the single bond between positions 9 and 10.		2.0510peptide ergot alkaloidalpha-adrenergic agonist;
mycotoxin;
non-narcotic analgesic;
oxytocic;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
methylergonovine
Methylergonovine: A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed)		2.0710ergoline alkaloid
neostigmine bromide
neostigmine bromide : The bromide salt of neostigmine.		2.0510bromide salt
phenformin
Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis.		3.5470biguanidesantineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent
mephobarbital
Mephobarbital: A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.. mephobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		2.0510barbituratesanticonvulsant
diethylhexyl phthalate
Diethylhexyl Phthalate: An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.. bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.		1.9710diester;
phthalate ester		androstane receptor agonist;
apoptosis inhibitor;
plasticiser
hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobenzene: An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. hexachlorobenzene : A member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.		2.0510aromatic fungicide;
chlorobenzenes		antifungal agrochemical;
carcinogenic agent;
persistent organic pollutant
chloranil
Chloranil: A quinone fungicide used for treatment of seeds and foliage.. tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquiones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which all four hydrogens are substituted by chlorines.		2.21101,4-benzoquinones;
organochlorine compound		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
metabolite
trinitrotoluene
Trinitrotoluene: A 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, which is an explosive chemical that can cause skin irritation and other toxic consequences.. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene : A trinitrotoluene having the nitro groups at positions 2, 4 and 6.		2.0510trinitrotolueneexplosive
framycetin
Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.		2.0510aminoglycosideallergen;
antibacterial drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite
2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol)
[no description available]		2.0710diarylmethane
scoparone
scoparone: structure. scoparone : A member of the class of coumarins that is esculetin in which the two hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 7 are replaced by methoxy groups. It is a major constituent of the Chinese herbal medicine Yin Chen Hao, and exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-tumor activities.		2.3110aromatic ether;
coumarins		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antilipemic drug;
immunosuppressive agent;
plant metabolite
benzethonium chloride
benzethonium chloride : A (synthetic) quaternary ammonium salt that is benzyldimethylamine in which the nitrogen is quaternised by a 2-{2-[p-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy}ethyl group, with chloride as the counter-ion. An antiseptic and disinfectant, it is active against a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungi, moulds and viruses.		2.2110aromatic ether;
chloride salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antiseptic drug;
antiviral agent;
disinfectant
pyrazolanthrone
pyrazolanthrone: JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor; structure in first source. anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one : A member of the class of anthrapyrazoles that is anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazole substituted at position 6 by an oxo group. An inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase.		2.0510anthrapyrazole;
aromatic ketone;
cyclic ketone		antineoplastic agent;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
geroprotector
1,4-naphthoquinone
naphthoquinone : A polycyclic aromatic ketone metabolite of naphthalene.. 1,4-naphthoquinone : The parent structure of the family of 1,4-naphthoquinones, in which the oxo groups of the quinone moiety are at positions 1 and 4 of the naphthalene ring. Derivatives have pharmacological properties.		2.21101,4-naphthoquinones
meglumine
Meglumine: 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.. N-methylglucamine : A hexosamine that is D-glucitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the nitrogen of a methylamino group. A crystalline base, it is used in preparing salts of certain acids for use as diagnostic radiopaque media, while its antimonate is used as an antiprotozoal in the treatment of leishmaniasis.		2.0510hexosamine;
secondary amino compound
cinchophen
cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94		2.0510quinolines
indolebutyric acid
indolebutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. indole-3-butyric acid : A indol-3-yl carboxylic acid that is butanoic acid carrying a 1H-indol-3-yl substituent at position 1.		2.0710indol-3-yl carboxylic acidauxin;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
shikimic acid
Shikimic Acid: A tri-hydroxy cyclohexene carboxylic acid important in biosynthesis of so many compounds that the shikimate pathway is named after it.. shikimic acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5 (the 3R,4S,5R stereoisomer). It is an intermediate metabolite in plants and microorganisms.		2.0710alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
cyclohexenecarboxylic acid;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
decylamine
decylamine: structure		7.0210alkylamine
pregnenolone
[no description available]		3.236020-oxo steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
C21-steroid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
yohimbine
Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.		2.4120methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylatealpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
3-o-methylglucose
3-O-Methylglucose: A non-metabolizable glucose analogue that is not phosphorylated by hexokinase. 3-O-Methylglucose is used as a marker to assess glucose transport by evaluating its uptake within various cells and organ systems. (J Neurochem 1993;60(4):1498-504). 3-O-methyl-D-glucose : A D-aldohexose that is D-glucose in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group at position 3 has been substituted by a methyl group. It is a non-metabolisable glucose analogue that is not phosphorylated by hexokinase and is used as a marker to assess glucose transport by evaluating its uptake within various cells and organ systems.		2.0510D-aldohexose derivative
mequinol
mequinol: depigmenting agent; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0510methoxybenzenes;
phenols		metabolite
potassium cyanide
[no description available]		1.9610cyanide salt;
one-carbon compound;
potassium salt		EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor;
EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor;
neurotoxin
quinestrol
Quinestrol: The 3-cyclopentyl ether of ETHINYL ESTRADIOL. After gastrointestinal absorption, it is stored in ADIPOSE TISSUE, slowly released, and metabolized principally to the parent compound. It has been used in ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1011)		2.392017-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
dydrogesterone
[no description available]		2.051020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid		progestin
catechin
Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.		2.4720catechinantioxidant;
plant metabolite
perylene
Perylene: A 20-carbon dibenz(de,kl)anthracene that can be viewed as a naphthalene fused to a phenalene or as dinaphthalene. It is used as fluorescent lipid probe in the cytochemistry of membranes and is a polycyclic hydrocarbon pollutant in soil and water. Derivatives may be carcinogenic.. perylene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene comprising of five benzene rings that is anthracene in which the d,e and k,l sides are fused to benzene rings.		2.3820ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene;
perylenes
quinazolines
Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.		2.1310azaarene;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
quinazolines
acridines
Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom.		2.0110acridines;
mancude organic heterotricyclic parent;
polycyclic heteroarene		genotoxin
indazoles
Indazoles: A group of heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds consisting of the fusion of BENZENE and PYRAZOLES.		3.7730indazole
adamantane
Adamantane: A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon.		1.9510adamantanes;
polycyclic alkane
cyclopentane
Cyclopentanes: A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.. cyclopentanes : Cyclopentane and its derivatives formed by substitution.		3.1250cycloalkane;
cyclopentanes;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
oxazoles
Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.		2.01101,3-oxazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles
[no description available]		4.49701,3-thiazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
pyrazines
Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.		2.7530diazine;
pyrazines		Daphnia magna metabolite
ephedrine
Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively.		2.3820phenethylamine alkaloid;
phenylethanolamines		bacterial metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
nasal decongestant;
plant metabolite;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
muscarine
Muscarine: A toxic alkaloid found in Amanita muscaria (fly fungus) and other fungi of the Inocybe species. It is the first parasympathomimetic substance ever studied and causes profound parasympathetic activation that may end in convulsions and death. The specific antidote is atropine.		1.9710monosaccharide
hydrazine
diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.		2.7430azane;
hydrazines		EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
chlormadinone acetate
Chlormadinone Acetate: An orally active synthetic progestational hormone used often in combinations as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).		2.0510corticosteroid hormone
2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid
[no description available]		2.0510
hemicholinium 3
Hemicholinium 3: A potent inhibitor of the high affinity uptake system for CHOLINE. It has less effect on the low affinity uptake system. Since choline is one of the components of ACETYLCHOLINE, treatment with hemicholinium can deplete acetylcholine from cholinergic terminals. Hemicholinium 3 is commonly used as a research tool in animal and in vitro experiments.		1.9710
evans blue
Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.		2.8330organic sodium saltfluorochrome;
histological dye;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
monocrotaline
Monocrotaline: A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment.		2.0710pyrrolizidine alkaloid
testosterone enanthate
[no description available]		2.0510heptanoate ester;
sterol ester		androgen
aminophylline
Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.		2.0510mixturebronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug
azacitidine
Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.		2.7730N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent
phenyramidol
phenyramidol: considered as a drug that possibly causes hepatotoxicity		2.0510aminopyridine
6-aminonicotinamide
6-Aminonicotinamide: A vitamin antagonist which has teratogenic effects.. 6-aminonicotinamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-aminonicotinic acid with ammonia. An inhibitor of the NADP(+)-dependent enzyme, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, it interferes with glycolysis, resulting in ATP depletion and synergizes with DNA-crosslinking chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin, in killing cancer cells.		6.9710aminopyridine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
primary amino compound		antimetabolite;
EC 1.1.1.44 (NADP(+)-dependent decarboxylating phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
teratogenic agent
carbutamide
Carbutamide: A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)		2.0510benzenes;
sulfonamide
nandrolone decanoate
Nandrolone Decanoate: Decanoic acid ester of nandrolone that is used as an anabolic agent to prevent or treat WASTING SYNDROME associated with severe chronic illness or HIV infection (HIV WASTING SYNDROME). It may also be used in the treatment of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.		2.0510steroid ester
bucladesine
[no description available]		2.05103',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide;
butanamides;
butyrate ester		agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
vasodilator agent
betamethasone
Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)		2.051011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
immunosuppressive agent
perflubron
perflubron: potential anti-obesity compound; reduces food adsorption; 8-carbon perfluorocarbon radiopaque compound; an oral contrast agent for use with MRI to enhance delineation of the bowel distinguishing it from adjacent organs. perflubron : A haloalkane that is perfluorooctane in which a fluorine attached to one of the terminal carbons has been replaced by a bromine.		2.0510haloalkane;
organobromine compound;
perfluorinated compound		blood substitute;
radioopaque medium
cyproterone acetate
[no description available]		2.051020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
chlorinated steroid;
steroid ester		androgen antagonist;
geroprotector;
progestin
lithocholic acid
Lithocholic Acid: A bile acid formed from chenodeoxycholate by bacterial action, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as cholagogue and choleretic.. lithocholic acid : A monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid with a alpha-hydroxy substituent at position 3. It is a bile acid obtained from chenodeoxycholic acid by bacterial action.. lithocholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of lithocholic acid.		2.2110bile acid;
C24-steroid;
monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
jervine
jervine: teratogen from Veratrum grandiflorum; RN given refers to parent cpd(3beta,23beta)-isomer; structure		2.5120piperidines
dextropropoxyphene
Dextropropoxyphene: A narcotic analgesic structurally related to METHADONE. Only the dextro-isomer has an analgesic effect; the levo-isomer appears to exert an antitussive effect.. propoxyphene : A racemate of the (1R,2R)- and (1S,2R)- diastereoisomers.. dextropropoxyphene : The (1S,2R)-(+)-diastereoisomer of propoxyphene.		2.05101-benzyl-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-phenylpropyl propanoatemu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
glycyrrhetinic acid
[no description available]		2.7530cyclic terpene ketone;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		immunomodulator;
plant metabolite
chenodeoxycholic acid
Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		2.0510bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
fusarium
Fusarium: A mitosporic Hypocreales fungal genus, various species of which are important parasitic pathogens of plants and a variety of vertebrates. Teleomorphs include GIBBERELLA.		4.3760
boldine
[no description available]		2.0710aporphine alkaloid
indirubin
[no description available]		2.5120
plumbagin
plumbagin: a superoxide anion generator. plumbagin : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are substituted by methyl and hydroxy groups, respectively.		2.5220hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone;
phenols		anticoagulant;
antineoplastic agent;
immunological adjuvant;
metabolite
cepharanthine
cepharanthine: isoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of STEPHANIA; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation. cepharanthine : A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of Stephania; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation.		2.0710bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
aloe emodin
aloe emodin: structure distinct from emodin; this does not mean emodin from aloe. Aloe emodin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It has been isolated from plant species of the genus Aloe.		2.0710aromatic primary alcohol;
dihydroxyanthraquinone		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
emetine
Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.		1.9710isoquinoline alkaloid;
pyridoisoquinoline		antiamoebic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antiviral agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
emetic;
expectorant;
plant metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
osthol
osthol: from Cnidium monnieri and Angelica pubescens (both Apiaceae); structure given in first source		2.5120botanical anti-fungal agent;
coumarins		metabolite
dihydralazine
Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)		2.0510phthalazines
cytisine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid;
bridged compound;
lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary amino compound		nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
phytotoxin;
plant metabolite
bicuculline
Bicuculline: An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors.. bicuculline : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species.		2.0710benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines		agrochemical;
central nervous system stimulant;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
GABAA receptor antagonist;
neurotoxin
flavanone
flavanone: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source. flavanone : The simplest member of the class of flavanones that consists of flavan bearing an oxo substituent at position 4.		2.0410flavanones
kainic acid
Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.		2.0710dicarboxylic acid;
L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid		antinematodal drug;
excitatory amino acid agonist
thymoquinone
thymoquinone: constituent of cedarwood; can cause dermatitis; structure. thymoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-bezoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl and isopropyl groups, respectively. It is a natural compound isolated from Nigella sativa which has demonstrated promising chemotherapeutic activity.		2.49201,4-benzoquinonesadjuvant;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
plant metabolite
phenylpropanolamine
Phenylpropanolamine: A sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of NOREPINEPHRINE but also has direct agonist activity at some adrenergic receptors. It is most commonly used as a nasal vasoconstrictor and an appetite depressant.. phenylpropanolamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group. A decongestant and appetite suppressant, it is commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations.. (-)-norephedrine : An amphetamine that is propylbenzene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and by an amino group at position 2 (the 1R,2S-stereoisomer). It is a plant alkaloid.		2.0510amphetamines;
phenethylamine alkaloid		plant metabolite
2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid
lutidinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid carrying carboxy groups at positions 2 and 4.		2.2510pyridinedicarboxylic acid
thiazolidines
Thiazolidines: Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES.		2.2510thiazolidine
mustard gas
Mustard Gas: Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung edema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985) (Merck, 11th ed).. bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide : An ethyl sulfide that is diethyl sulfide in which a hydrogen from each of the terminal methyl groups is replaced by a chlorine. It is a powerful vesicant regulated under the Chemical Weapons Convention.		2.2110ethyl sulfide;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
carcinogenic agent;
vesicant
oleanolic acid
[no description available]		2.5120hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
dihydroergotamine
Dihydroergotamine: A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. dihydroergotamine : Ergotamine in which a single bond replaces the double bond between positions 9 and 10. A semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine, it is used (as the methanesulfonic or tartaric acid salts) for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.		2.0510ergot alkaloid;
semisynthetic derivative		dopamine agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic;
serotonergic agonist;
sympatholytic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
podophyllotoxin
Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.		2.7630furonaphthodioxole;
lignan;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
hesperidin
Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.78303'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
flavanone glycoside;
monomethoxyflavanone;
rutinoside		mutagen
dihydrotestosterone
Dihydrotestosterone: A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.. 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5.. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5.		2.683017beta-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one;
3-oxo-5alpha-steroid		androgen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
apiole
apiole: crystalline essential oil isolated directly from commercial oil of parsley		2.2110benzodioxolesmetabolite
flavone
flavone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure given in first source. flavone : The simplest member of the class of flavones that consists of 4H-chromen-4-one bearing a phenyl substituent at position 2.		2.0410flavonesmetabolite;
nematicide
azomycin
azomycin: RN given refers to parent cpd with specified locant; structure		2.0710C-nitro compound;
imidazoles		antitubercular agent
chlormethiazole
Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.		2.0510thiazoles
hydroxyhydroquinone
benzene-1,2,4-triol : A benzenetriol carrying hydroxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 4.		210benzenetriolmouse metabolite
methamphetamine
Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.		2.0510amphetamines;
secondary amine		central nervous system stimulant;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
psychotropic drug;
xenobiotic
malondialdehyde
Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.		9.3341dialdehydebiomarker
eosine yellowish-(ys)
Eosine Yellowish-(YS): A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.. eosin YS dye : An organic sodium salt that is 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromofluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions.		2.1110organic sodium salt;
organobromine compound		fluorochrome;
histological dye
gentian violet
Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain.		2.5120organic chloride saltanthelminthic drug;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antiseptic drug;
histological dye
resazurin
resazurin: used as indicator in detection of hyposulfite (sulfoxylate); in food research (reductase test); structure		2.0510phenoxazine
hematoporphyrin
Hematoporphyrins: Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.. hematoporphyrin : A dicarboxylic acid that is protoporphyrin in which the vinyl groups at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by 1-hydroxyethyl groups.		2.5120
glycerylphosphorylcholine
Glycerylphosphorylcholine: A component of PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINES or LECITHINS, in which the two hydroxy groups of GLYCEROL are esterified with fatty acids. (From Stedman, 26th ed)		1.9810glycerophosphocholine
formestane
[no description available]		2.081017-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
enol;
hydroxy steroid		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
congo red
Congo Red: An acid dye used in testing for hydrochloric acid in gastric contents. It is also used histologically to test for AMYLOIDOSIS.. Congo Red : An indicator dye that is blue-violet at pH 3.0 and red at pH 5.0.		210bis(azo) compound
lactulose
[no description available]		2.0510glycosylfructosegastrointestinal drug;
laxative
2-tridecanone
tridecan-2-one : A methyl ketone that is tridecane in which the methylene hydrogens at position 2 are replaced by an oxo group.		2.2110methyl ketoneflavouring agent;
plant metabolite
megestrol acetate
[no description available]		2.392020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
steroid ester		antineoplastic agent;
appetite enhancer;
contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
tetraethyltin
[no description available]		1.9710
acetylcysteine
N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.		3.1450acetylcysteine;
L-cysteine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral drug;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mucolytic;
radical scavenger;
vulnerary
Berberine chloride (TN)
[no description available]		2.0710organic molecular entity
erythromycin stearate
[no description available]		2.0510aminoglycoside
erythromycin
Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.		2.5120cyclic ketone;
erythromycin
agaric acid
agaric acid: adenine nucleotide translocase antagonist		2.2110
2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide
[no description available]		2.2110
hydroxychloroquine sulfate
[no description available]		2.0810
levonorgestrel
Levonorgestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.		1.981017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
female contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
vinblastine
[no description available]		2.0510
deoxycytidine
[no description available]		2.7730pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
estradiol valerate
[no description available]		2.0510steroid ester
ethidium bromide
[no description available]		2.2110organic bromide saltgeroprotector;
intercalator;
trypanocidal drug
sodium hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide: A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)		1.9510alkali metal hydroxide
vancomycin
Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.		8.8830glycopeptideantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.		7.01141alpha-tocopherolalgal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite
vincamine
Vincamine: A major alkaloid of Vinca minor L., Apocynaceae. It has been used therapeutically as a vasodilator and antihypertensive agent, particularly in cerebrovascular disorders.		2.0710alkaloid ester;
hemiaminal;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
vinca alkaloid		antihypertensive agent;
metabolite;
vasodilator agent
paraquat
Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.. paraquat : An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions.		1.9510organic cationgeroprotector;
herbicide
dronabinol
Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.		2.0510benzochromene;
diterpenoid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide		cannabinoid receptor agonist;
epitope;
hallucinogen;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic
methionine sulfoximine
methionine sulfoximine : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is the sulfoximine derivative of methionine .		1.9710methionine derivative;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
sulfoximide
amiloride hydrochloride, anhydrous
amiloride hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining amiloride with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid.		2.0810hydrochloridediuretic;
sodium channel blocker
amiloride
Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.		2.730aromatic amine;
guanidines;
organochlorine compound;
pyrazines		diuretic;
sodium channel blocker
pimozide
Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.		2.0510benzimidazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound		antidyskinesia agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
muscarine
[no description available]		2.0710
2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone: isolated from Swertia calycina; structure in first source. 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone : A naphthoquinone that is naphthalene-1,4-dione substituted by a methoxy group at position 2. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.		2.21101,4-naphthoquinones;
enol ether		antimicrobial agent;
metabolite;
plant metabolite
thioflavin t
thioflavin T: RN given refers to chloride; structure. thioflavine T : An organic chloride salt having 2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-3,6-dimethyl-1,3-benzothiazol-3-ium as the counterion. It is widely used to visualise and quantify the presence of amyloids, both in vitro and in vivo.		210organic chloride saltfluorochrome;
geroprotector;
histological dye
sulfadoxine
Sulfadoxine: A long acting sulfonamide that is used, usually in combination with other drugs, for respiratory, urinary tract, and malarial infections.. sulfadoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 5- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. In combination with the antiprotozoal pyrimethamine (CHEBI:8673) it is used as an antimalarial.		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antimalarial
pontamine sky blue
[no description available]		2.2110
uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid
Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronic Acid: A nucleoside diphosphate sugar which serves as a source of glucuronic acid for polysaccharide biosynthesis. It may also be epimerized to UDP iduronic acid, which donates iduronic acid to polysaccharides. In animals, UDP glucuronic acid is used for formation of many glucosiduronides with various aglycones.. UDP-alpha-D-glucuronic acid : A UDP-sugar having alpha-D-glucuronic acid as the sugar component.		2.0710UDP-D-glucuronic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
acadesine
[no description available]		2.47201-ribosylimidazolecarboxamide;
aminoimidazole;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
stavudine
Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase		2.0510dihydrofuran;
nucleoside analogue;
organic molecular entity		antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
doxifluridine
doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.		2.0510organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
sabinene
sabinene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. sabinene : A thujene that is a bicyclic monoterpene isolated from the essential oils of various plant species.		3.3110thujeneplant metabolite
dithiothreitol
1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol.		2.88401,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol;
butanediols;
dithiol;
glycol;
thiol		chelator;
human metabolite;
reducing agent
iproclozide
iproclozide: structure		2.0510aromatic ether
ecdysone
[no description available]		2.071014alpha-hydroxy steroid;
22-hydroxy steroid;
25-hydroxy steroid;
2beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-sterol;
6-oxo steroid;
ecdysteroid		prohormone
streptomycin
[no description available]		2.0510antibiotic antifungal drug;
antibiotic fungicide;
streptomycins		antibacterial drug;
antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial agent;
antimicrobial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
cladribine
[no description available]		2.4720organochlorine compound;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate: RN given refers to parent cpd. mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : The mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.		1.9710phthalic acid monoester
carbenicillin disodium
[no description available]		2.0510organic sodium salt
dehydroemetine
dehydroemetine: was MH 1991-94 (see under EMETINE 1976-90); use EMETINE to search DEHYDROEMETINE 1976-94; amebicide, derivative of emetine. dehydroemetine : A pyridoisoquinoline which was developed in response to the cardiovascular toxicity associated with emetine and results from the dehydrogenation of the heterotricylic ring of emetine. It is an antiprotozoal agent and displays antimalarial, antiamoebic, and antileishmanial properties.		2.0510aromatic ether;
isoquinolines;
pyridoisoquinoline		antileishmanial agent;
antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug
benorilate
benorilate: was heading 1980-94 (see under SALICYLATES 1980-90); was BENORYLATE see under SALICYLATES 1975-79; BENORYLATE was see BENORILATE 1980-94; use SALICYLATES to search BENORILATE 1980-90 & BENORYLATE 1975-79; an ester of aspirin and paracetamol with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activity used in the treatment of rheumatoid diseases; it has less severe side effects than aspirin		2.0510carbonyl compound
trimetazidine
Trimetazidine: A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease.		2.0510aromatic amine
buthionine sulfoximine
Buthionine Sulfoximine: A synthetic amino acid that depletes glutathione by irreversibly inhibiting gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a critical step in glutathione biosynthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferative response in human T-lymphocytes and inhibit macrophage activation. (J Biol Chem 1995;270(33):1945-7). 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is homocysteine in which the thiol group carries an oxo, imino and butyl groups.. S-butyl-DL-homocysteine (S,R)-sulfoximine : A sulfoximide that is the sulfoximine derivative of an analogue of DL-methionine in which the S-methyl group is replaced by S-butyl.		1.9710diastereoisomeric mixture;
homocysteines;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
sulfoximide		EC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer
floxacillin
Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
vidarabine
adenine arabinoside : A purine nucleoside in which adenine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond.		2.7630beta-D-arabinoside;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic
diadenosine tetraphosphate
P(1),P(4)-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate : A diadenosyl tetraphosphate compound having the two 5'-adenosyl residues attached at the P(1)- and P(4)-positions.		1.9710diadenosyl tetraphosphateEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
iodinated glycerol
iodinated glycerol: secretolytic agent; RN given refers to cpd without iodine locant		3.1610dioxolane
cetylpyridinium chloride
[no description available]		2.2110hydrate
coralyne
coralyne: RN given refers to parent cpd; at this time it is not known for which salt NSC-154890 is synonym; structure; DNA topoisomerse antagonist		1.9610isoquinolines
tiadenol
tiadenol: structure		2.0510aliphatic sulfide
n-deacetyl-n-formylcolchicine
N-deacetyl-N-formylcolchicine: structure given in first source		2.0710cyclic ketone
lanthanum
[no description available]		1.9610f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom;
scandium group element atom
manganese
Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4.		1.9710elemental manganese;
manganese group element atom		Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient
molybdenum
Molybdenum: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Mo, atomic number 42, and atomic weight 95.95. It is an essential trace element, being a component of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and nitrate reductase.		2.1710chromium group element atommicronutrient
silver
Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.		7.0410copper group element atom;
elemental silver		Escherichia coli metabolite
chromium
Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24.		1.9510chromium group element atom;
metal allergen		micronutrient
vanadium
Vanadium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol V, atomic number 23, and atomic weight 50.94. It is used in the manufacture of vanadium steel. Prolonged exposure can lead to chronic intoxication caused by absorption usually via the lungs.		2.6530elemental vanadium;
vanadium group element atom		micronutrient
zalcitabine
Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.		2.0510pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
camptothecin
NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source		3.1650delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
quinoline alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
ferrous sulfate
ferrous sulfate: Ferro-Gradumet is ferrous sulfate in controlled release form; RN given refers to Fe(+2)[1:1] salt. iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) : A compound of iron and sulfate in which the ratio of iron(2+) to sulfate ions is 1:1. Various hydrates occur naturally - most commonly the heptahydrate, which loses water to form the tetrahydrate at 57degreeC and the monohydrate at 65degreeC.		2.3820iron molecular entity;
metal sulfate		reducing agent
sodium sulfate
[no description available]		2.0310inorganic sodium salt
deuterium
Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.		2.0210dihydrogen
galactose
aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end.		2.3720
poloxalene
Poloxalene: A copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene ether glycol. It is a non-ionic polyol surface-active agent used medically as a fecal softener and in cattle for prevention of bloat.. pluronic : A triblock copolymer composed of a central hydrophobic chain of poly(propylene oxide) flanked by two hydrophilic chains of poly(ethylene oxide).		2.5320epoxide
ozone
Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs.		7.3110elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity;
reactive oxygen species;
triatomic oxygen		antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
electrophilic reagent;
greenhouse gas;
mutagen;
oxidising agent;
tracer
ferric sulfate
ferric sulfate: RN given refers to Fe(+3)[3:2] salt). iron(3+) sulfate : A compound of iron and sulfate in which the ratio of iron(3+) to sulfate ions is 3:2.		2.3820iron molecular entity;
metal sulfate		astringent;
catalyst;
mordant
trolamine salicylate
Arthritis: Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.		1.9610
stanozolol
Stanozolol: A synthetic steroid that has anabolic and androgenic properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1194). stanozolol : An organic heteropentacyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the 3-keto-aldehyde moiety of oxymetholone with hydrazine. Like oxymetholone, it is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It has both anabolic and androgenic properties, and has been used to treat hereditary angioedema and various vascular disorders. It has also been widely abused by professional athletes.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		anabolic agent;
androgen
clodronic acid
Clodronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification.. clodronic acid : An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases.		2.05101,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
one-carbon compound;
organochlorine compound		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent
ammonium chloride
Ammonium Chloride: An acidifying agent that has expectorant and diuretic effects. Also used in etching and batteries and as a flux in electroplating.. ammonium chloride : An inorganic chloride having ammonium as the counterion.		1.9610ammonium salt;
inorganic chloride		ferroptosis inhibitor
diacerein
diacerein: chelates with bivalent metals; a quinone which possesses redox properties; metabolized to active rhein; proposed mechanisms include inhibiting IL1 and metalloproteinases; called a slow acting symptomatic drug in osteoarthritis; no effect of cyclooxygenase;		2.2110anthraquinone
xipamide
Xipamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide analog of CLOPAMIDE. It is diuretic and saluretic with antihypertensive activity. It is bound to PLASMA PROTEINS, thus has a delayed onset and prolonged action.		2.0510benzamides
selegiline
Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.		2.0510selegiline;
terminal acetylenic compound		geroprotector
levamisole
Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.		2.05106-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazoleantinematodal drug;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
immunological adjuvant;
immunomodulator
thiamphenicol
[no description available]		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfone		antimicrobial agent;
immunosuppressive agent
pizotyline
Pizotyline: Serotonin antagonist used against MIGRAINE DISORDERS and vascular headaches.. pizotifen : A benzocycloheptathiophene that is 9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophene 4-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine which is joined from the 4 position to the 4 position of an N-methylpiperidine moiety by a double bond. It is a sedating antihistamine, with strong serotonin antagonist and weak antimuscarinic activity. It is generally used as the malate salt for the treatment of migraine and the prevention of headache attacks during cluster periods.		2.0510benzocycloheptathiophenehistamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
isosorbide-5-mononitrate
isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug		2.0510glucitol derivative;
nitrate ester		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.		3.77110acetate ester;
diester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetradecanoate ester		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
mitogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase C agonist;
reactive oxygen species generator
danazol
Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.		2.693017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		anti-estrogen;
estrogen antagonist;
geroprotector
lisuride
Lisuride: An ergot derivative that acts as an agonist at dopamine D2 receptors (DOPAMINE AGONISTS). It may also act as an antagonist at dopamine D1 receptors, and as an agonist at some serotonin receptors (SEROTONIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS).		1.9710monocarboxylic acid amideantidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
serotonergic agonist
daunorubicin
Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.		2.0510aminoglycoside antibiotic;
anthracycline;
p-quinones;
tetracenequinones		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
carbimazole
Carbimazole: An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.. carbimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is methimazole in which the nitrogen bearing a hydrogen is converted into its ethoxycarbonyl derivative. A prodrug for methimazol, carbimazole is used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.		2.05101,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones;
carbamate ester		antithyroid drug;
prodrug
2-bromoergocryptine mesylate
[no description available]		2.0710methanesulfonate saltantiparkinson drug
bromocriptine
Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.		2.420indole alkaloidantidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
hormone antagonist
zingerone
zingerone: pungent principle of ginger; structure. zingerone : A methyl ketone that is 4-phenylbutan-2-one in which the phenyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by methoxy and hydroxy groups respectively. The major pungent component in ginger.		2.0710methyl ketone;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
antiemetic;
antioxidant;
flavouring agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite;
radiation protective agent
phenyl acetate
phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.		6.48141benzenes;
phenyl acetates
cetylpyridinium chloride anhydrous
tserigel: according to first source contains polyvinylbutyral & cetylpyridinium chloride; UD only lists cetylpyridinium chloride as constituent. cetylpyridinium chloride : A pyridinium salt that has N-hexadecylpyridinium as the cation and chloride as the anion. It has antiseptic properties and is used in solutions or lozenges for the treatment of minor infections of the mouth and throat.		2.3720chloride salt;
organic chloride salt		antiseptic drug;
surfactant
triamcinolone
Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.		2.051011beta-hydroxy steroid;
16alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid hormone;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
oxyphenisatin
[no description available]		2.0510indoles
tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene: A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen.		2.0510chlorocarbon;
chloroethenes		nephrotoxic agent
ursodeoxycholic acid
Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.		2.0510bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
silybin
silibinin : A flavonolignan isolated from milk thistle, Silybum marianum, that has been shown to exhibit antioxidant and antineoplastic activities.		2.5820aromatic ether;
benzodioxine;
flavonolignan;
polyphenol;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
butachlor
butachlor : An aromatic amide that is 2-choro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide in which the amide nitrogen has been replaced by a butoxymethyl group.		2.0510aromatic amide;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary carboxamide		environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
8-bromo cyclic adenosine monophosphate
8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate: A long-acting derivative of cyclic AMP. It is an activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.. 8-Br-cAMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic AMP bearing an additional bromo substituent at position 8 on the adenine ring. An activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.		2.9403',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide;
adenyl ribonucleotide;
organobromine compound		antidepressant;
protein kinase agonist
rose bengal b disodium salt
[no description available]		2.0510
androstane-3,17-diol
Androstane-3,17-diol: The unspecified form of the steroid, normally a major metabolite of TESTOSTERONE with androgenic activity. It has been implicated as a regulator of gonadotropin secretion.		1.981017-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
androstanoid
glutamic acid
Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.		2.0510glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical
cefazolin
Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.. cefazolin : A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.		2.0510beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
tetrazoles;
thiadiazoles		antibacterial drug
sodium azide
Sodium Azide: A cytochrome oxidase inhibitor which is a nitridizing agent and an inhibitor of terminal oxidation. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). sodium azide : The sodium salt of hydrogen azide (hydrazoic acid).		2.0310inorganic sodium saltantibacterial agent;
explosive;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor;
mutagen
amoxicillin
Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
timolol
(S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.		2.0510timololanti-arrhythmia drug;
antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
nicergoline
Nicergoline: An ergot derivative that has been used as a cerebral vasodilator and in peripheral vascular disease. It may ameliorate cognitive deficits in CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS.		2.0510organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
oxcarbazepine
Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy.		2.0510cyclic ketone;
dibenzoazepine		anticonvulsant;
drug allergen
amineptin
amineptin: used in treatment of neuroses with psychoasthenic, anxio-phobic & depressive manifestations; synonym S 1694 refers to HCl; structure. amineptine : A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne.		2.0510amino acid;
carbocyclic fatty acid;
carbotricyclic compound;
secondary amino compound		antidepressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor
zidovudine
Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.		4.6380azide;
pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
pirprofen
pirprofen: anti-inflammatory agent used in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis; prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor; more potent than indomethacin; structure		2.0510pyrroline
tobramycin
Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.		2.0510amino cyclitol glycosideantibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
toxin
paclitaxel
Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).		8.6990taxane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
microtubule-stabilising agent
etoposide
[no description available]		4.7161beta-D-glucoside;
furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
substance p
[no description available]		2.6630peptideneurokinin-1 receptor agonist;
neurotransmitter;
vasodilator agent
dobutamine
Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.		2.0510catecholamine;
secondary amine		beta-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
ribavirin
Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename		2.05101-ribosyltriazole;
aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
primary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
amikacin
Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.		2.0510alpha-D-glucoside;
amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside;
carboxamide		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
nephrotoxin
phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate
Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems.		2.9240butyrate ester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
10-carboxymethyl-9-acridanone
10-carboxymethyl-9-acridanone: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0110acridines
cephradine
Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.		2.0710beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
ticrynafen
Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.		2.0510aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antihypertensive agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
loop diuretic
methyldopa
Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.		2.0510L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypertensive agent;
hapten;
peripheral nervous system drug;
sympatholytic agent
bezafibrate
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antilipemic drug;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
sq-11725
Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.		2.0510
diltiazem
Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.		2.05105-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetateantihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
lonidamine
lonidamine: structure. lonidamine : A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole that is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by 2,4-dichlorobenzyl and carboxy groups, respectively.		4.0140dichlorobenzene;
indazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		antineoplastic agent;
antispermatogenic agent;
EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester
NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension.		2.6830alpha-amino acid ester;
L-arginine derivative;
methyl ester;
N-nitro compound		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor
benoxaprofen
benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.		2.05101,3-benzoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antipsoriatic;
antipyretic;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
nephrotoxin;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
protein kinase C agonist
deoxynivalenol
deoxynivalenol : A trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium to which wheat, barley, maize (corn) and their products are susceptible to contamination.		3.0810cyclic ketone;
enone;
primary alcohol;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
trichothecene;
triol		mycotoxin
permethrin
hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141		2.0510cyclopropanecarboxylate ester;
cyclopropanes		agrochemical;
ectoparasiticide;
pyrethroid ester acaricide;
pyrethroid ester insecticide;
scabicide
quisqualic acid
Quisqualic Acid: An agonist at two subsets of excitatory amino acid receptors, ionotropic receptors that directly control membrane channels and metabotropic receptors that indirectly mediate calcium mobilization from intracellular stores. The compound is obtained from the seeds and fruit of Quisqualis chinensis.		2.0710non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
decamethrin
decamethrin: pyrethroid insecticide; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		2.8330aromatic ether;
cyclopropanecarboxylate ester;
nitrile;
organobromine compound		agrochemical;
antifeedant;
calcium channel agonist;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
pyrethroid ester insecticide
pirfenidone
pirfenidone : A pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted at positions 1 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups respectively. An anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.		2.0510pyridoneantipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid
[no description available]		2.0510chromanol;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
radical scavenger;
Wnt signalling inhibitor
desogestrel
Desogestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents (ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, COMBINED).		7.733017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
muzolimine
Muzolimine: A pyrazole diuretic with long duration and high capacity of action. It was proposed for kidney failure and hypertension but was withdrawn worldwide because of severe neurological effects.		2.0510dichlorobenzene
epirubicin
Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.		7.5320aminoglycoside;
anthracycline antibiotic;
anthracycline;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
p-quinones;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
desflurane
Desflurane: A fluorinated ether that is used as a volatile anesthetic for maintenance of general anesthesia.		2.0510organofluorine compoundinhalation anaesthetic
closantel
closantel: structure. N-{5-chloro-4-[(4-chlorophenyl)(cyano)methyl]-2-methylphenyl}-2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzamide : An aromatic amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3,5-diiodosalicylic acid with the amino group of aniline substituted at positions 2, 4, and 5 by methyl, (4-chlorophenyl)(cyano)methyl, and methyl groups respectively.. closantel : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-clostanel. An anthelmintic, it is used (as the dihydrate of the sodium salt) in veterinary medicine for the treatment of fluke and nematode infections.		2.2110aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
nitrile;
organoiodine compound;
phenols
idarubicin
Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.		2.2110anthracycline antibiotic;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative
piperacillin
Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
paroxetine
Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
hepatotoxic agent;
P450 inhibitor;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
captopril
Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.		2.420alkanethiol;
L-proline derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
cefoperazone
Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections.. cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance.		2.0510cephalosporinantibacterial drug
foscarnet sodium
trisodium phosphonoformate : The trisodium salt of phosphonoformic acid. It is used as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.		2.0510one-carbon compound;
organic sodium salt		antiviral drug
moxalactam
Moxalactam: Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the CEPHALOSPORINS except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certain CEPHALOSPORINS. It has been proposed especially for the meningitides because it passes the blood-brain barrier and for anaerobic infections.. moxalactam : A broad-spectrum oxacephem antibiotic in which the oxazine ring is substituted with a tetrazolylthiomethyl group and the azetidinone ring carries methoxy and 2-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido substituents.		2.0510cephalosporin;
oxacephem		antibacterial drug
nicorandil
Nicorandil: A derivative of the NIACINAMIDE that is structurally combined with an organic nitrate. It is a potassium-channel opener that causes vasodilatation of arterioles and large coronary arteries. Its nitrate-like properties produce venous vasodilation through stimulation of guanylate cyclase.. nicorandil : A pyrimidinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl group. It has both nitrate-like and ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator properties, and is used for the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris.		2.0510nitrate ester;
pyridinecarboxamide		potassium channel opener;
vasodilator agent
colforsin
Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.		2.9140acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
labdane diterpenoid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
triol		adenylate cyclase agonist;
anti-HIV agent;
antihypertensive agent;
plant metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
protein kinase A agonist
cefadroxil anhydrous
Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		2.0510cephalosporinantibacterial drug
encainide
Encainide: One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and MYOCARDIUM.. encainide : 4-Methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide in which the hydrogen at the 2 position of the phenyl group is substituted by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group. A class Ic antiarrhythmic, the hydrochloride was used for the treatment of severe or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, but it was associated with increased death rates in patients who had asymptomatic heart rhythm abnormalities after a recent heart attack and was withdrawn from the market.		2.0510benzamides;
piperidines		anti-arrhythmia drug;
sodium channel blocker
fenoldopam mesylate
[no description available]		2.2510benzazepine
cefaclor anhydrous
Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		2.0510cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
mitoxantrone hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1110hydrochlorideantineoplastic agent
miglustat
miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor. miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.		2.0510piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
swainsonine
Swainsonine: An indolizidine alkaloid from the plant Swainsona canescens that is a potent alpha-mannosidase inhibitor. Swainsonine also exhibits antimetastatic, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activity.. swainsonine : An indolizidine alkaloid isolated from the plant Swainsona canescens with three hydroxy substituents at positions 1, 2 and 8.		2.0710indolizidine alkaloidantineoplastic agent;
EC 3.2.1.114 (mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,3-1,6-alpha-mannosidase) inhibitor;
immunological adjuvant;
plant metabolite
cefotetan
Cefotetan: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotetan : A semi-synthetic second-generation cephamycin antibiotic with [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl, methoxy and {[4-(2-amino-1-carboxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,3-dithietan-2-yl]carbonyl}amino groups at the 3, 7alpha, and 7beta positions, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is resistant to a wide range of beta-lactamases and is active against a broad spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.		2.0510
lovastatin
Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).		2.0510delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		anticholesteremic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
prodrug
enoximone
Enoximone: A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.		2.0510aromatic ketone
piritrexim
piritrexim: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.0510
castanospermine
castanospermine: indolizidine alkaloid from seeds of Australian legume, Castanospermum australe. castanospermine : A tetrahydroxyindolizidine alkaloid that consists of octahydroindolizine having four hydroxy substituents located at positions 1, 6, 7 and 8 (the 1S,6S,7R,8R,8aR-diastereomer).		2.0710indolizidine alkaloidanti-HIV-1 agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 3.2.1.* (glycosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
simvastatin
Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.		2.4720delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
statin (semi-synthetic)		EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
prodrug
pravastatin
Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.		2.05103-hydroxy carboxylic acid;
carbobicyclic compound;
carboxylic ester;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol;
statin (semi-synthetic)		anticholesteremic drug;
environmental contaminant;
metabolite;
xenobiotic
atomoxetine hydrochloride
Atomoxetine Hydrochloride: A propylamine derivative and selective ADRENERGIC UPTAKE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER.. atomoxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of atomoxetine.		2.0510hydrochlorideadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant
quinapril
Quinapril: A tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME inhibitor that is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. quinapril : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
isoquinolines;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
gepirone
gepirone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.0510N-arylpiperazine
tucaresol
tucaresol: causes a dose-dependent left-shift of the oxygen saturation curve of hemoglobin S by stabilization of its oxy-(R)-conformation; an anti-sickling agent		3.3510
mifepristone
Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.		2.41203-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetylenic compound;
tertiary amino compound		abortifacient;
contraceptive drug;
hormone antagonist;
synthetic oral contraceptive
itraconazole
Itraconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes required for ERGOSTEROL synthesis.. itraconazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(+-)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, it is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis.		2.0810aromatic ether;
conazole antifungal drug;
cyclic ketal;
dichlorobenzene;
dioxolane;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazole antifungal drug;
triazoles		EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor
pravadoline
[no description available]		2.0810
fura-2
Fura-2: A fluorescent calcium chelating agent which is used to study intracellular calcium in tissues.		2.0110
adapalene
Adapalene: A naphthalene derivative that has specificity for RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS. It is used as a DERMATOLOGIC AGENT for the treatment of ACNE.. adapalene : A naphthoic acid that is CD437 in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been converted to its methyl ether.		2.6620adamantanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
naphthoic acid		dermatologic drug;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
sparfloxacin
[no description available]		2.0510fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone
zileuton
[no description available]		2.47201-benzothiophenes;
ureas		anti-asthmatic drug;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
leukotriene antagonist;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
niguldipine
[no description available]		2.0810diarylmethane
clopidogrel
Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.		2.0510methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
cidofovir anhydrous
Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.		2.0510phosphonic acids;
pyrimidone		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
photosensitizing agent
topotecan
Topotecan: An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.. topotecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks.		4.1431pyranoindolizinoquinolineantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
eliprodil
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[4-(4-fluorobenzyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethanol : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine substituted by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl group at position 1 and by a 4-fluorobenzyl group at position 4.		2.0810monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
piperidines;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
bromfenac
bromfenac: bromfenac sodium is the active cpd; structure in first source. bromfenac : Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.		2.0510aromatic amino acid;
benzophenones;
organobromine compound;
substituted aniline		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gemcitabine
gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.		2.9940organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
aripiprazole
Aripiprazole: A piperazine and quinolone derivative that is used primarily as an antipsychotic agent. It is a partial agonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT1A and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS, where it also functions as a post-synaptic antagonist, and an antagonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT2A. It is used for the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA and BIPOLAR DISORDER, and as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of depression.. aripiprazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl group at position 1 and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 4. It is an antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of Schizophrenia, and other mood disorders.		2.3110aromatic ether;
delta-lactam;
dichlorobenzene;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone		drug metabolite;
H1-receptor antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic agonist
atorvastatin
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic amide;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrroles;
statin (synthetic)		environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
lamivudine
[no description available]		2.0510monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
oxacycle;
primary alcohol		allergen;
anti-HBV agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
duloxetine
[no description available]		2.0510duloxetine
irinotecan
[no description available]		2.520carbamate ester;
delta-lactone;
N-acylpiperidine;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
ring assembly;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
valsartan
Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.		2.0510biphenylyltetrazole;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
zanamivir
Zanamivir: A guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit NEURAMINIDASE.		2.0710guanidinesantiviral agent;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
adefovir dipivoxil
bis(pivaloyloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine: structure given in first source. adefovir pivoxil : An organic phosphonate that is the dipivoxil ester of adefovir. A prodrug for adefovir, an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, adefovir pivoxil is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.		2.05106-aminopurines;
carbonate ester;
ether;
organic phosphonate		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent;
prodrug
capecitabine
Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers.		2.0510carbamate ester;
cytidines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
adenosine
quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit		2.4120adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent
monoammonium molybdate
ammonium molybdate: RN given refers to unspecified ammonium molybdate salt. ammonium molybdate : An ammonium salt composed of ammonium and molybdate ions in a 2:1 ratio.		2.1710ammonium saltpoison
vanadates
Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms.		1.9610trivalent inorganic anion;
vanadium oxoanion		EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
daunorubicin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710anthracycline
halofuginone
[no description available]		2.0510quinazolines
trazodone hydrochloride
Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride.		2.4320hydrochlorideadrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
ortho-cept
ethinyl estradiol-desogestrel combination: Ethinyl Estradiol and Desogestrell given in fixed proportions; has proved to be an effective & well-tolerated oral contraceptive, which improves cycle control & has a beneficial effect on acne		2.0510
verapamil hydrochloride
verapamil hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil hydrochloride and (S)-verapamil hydrochloride.		2.0810
cefprozil
[no description available]		2.0510cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
4-[1-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenol
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
efavirenz
efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		2.4720acetylenic compound;
benzoxazine;
cyclopropanes;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nelfinavir
Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.		2.0510aryl sulfide;
benzamides;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
phenols;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
HIV protease inhibitor
doxapram hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510hydrochloridecentral nervous system stimulant
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer
beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.		2.0310D-glucopyranoseepitope;
mouse metabolite
mevastatin
mevastatin: antifungal metabolite from Penicillium brevicopactum; potent inhibitory activity to sterol synthesis; structure. mevastatin : A carboxylic ester that is pravastatin that is lacking the allylic hydroxy group. A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) isolated from Penicillium citrinum and from Penicillium brevicompactum, its clinical use as a lipid-regulating drug ceased following reports of toxicity in animals.		2.07102-pyranones;
carboxylic ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		antifungal agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
Penicillium metabolite
chloroquine diphosphate
[no description available]		2.0410
ursolic acid
[no description available]		2.0710hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		geroprotector;
plant metabolite
1,5-anhydroglucitol
1,5-anhydroglucitol: structure. 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol : An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol.		2.0510anhydro sugarhuman metabolite
norharman
norharman: RN given refers to parent cpd. beta-carboline : The parent compound of the beta-carbolines, a tricyclic structure comprising an indole ring system ortho- fused to C-3 and C-4 of a pyridine ring.		2.0710beta-carbolines;
mancude organic heterotricyclic parent		fungal metabolite;
marine metabolite
thiazolyl blue
thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.		2.9340organic bromide saltcolorimetric reagent;
dye
betulinic acid
[no description available]		3.8530hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-HIV agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
plant metabolite
amprenavir
[no description available]		2.0510carbamate ester;
sulfonamide;
tetrahydrofuryl ester		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
epigallocatechin gallate
epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.		560flavans;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
25-hydroxycholesterol
[no description available]		2.663025-hydroxy steroid;
oxysterol		human metabolite
testosterone undecanoate
[no description available]		8.8330steroid ester
glutathione disulfide
Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.		2.0510glutathione derivative;
organic disulfide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
baccatin iii
[no description available]		2.5120acetate ester;
benzoate ester;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		plant metabolite
taleranol
taleranol: a metabolite of ZEARALENONE which is a non-steroidal estrogenic lactone used as an anabolic compound in animal feed; a stereoisomer of ZERANOL (alpha-zearalanol)		2.0710macrolide
narasin
[no description available]		2.0710diterpene glycoside
quassin
quassin: article discusses quassinoid principle; structure		2.0710triterpenoid
tomatidine
tomatidine: RN given refers to (3beta,5alpha,22beta,25S)-isomer; structure. tomatidine : A 3beta-hydroxy steroid resulting from the substitution of the 3beta-hydrogen of tomatidane by a hydroxy group.		2.07103beta-hydroxy steroid;
azaspiro compound;
oxaspiro compound
bendamustine
[no description available]		2.4720benzimidazoles
erdosteine
[no description available]		2.0510N-acyl-amino acid
aloxistatin
aloxistatin: a membrane-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor. aloxistatin : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3S)-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)oxirane-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-leucinamide.		2.0710epoxide;
ethyl ester;
L-leucine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide		anticoronaviral agent;
cathepsin B inhibitor
caroverine
caroverine: structure		2.0810quinoxaline derivative
rutecarpine
rutacarpine: from Evodia rutaecarpa; an ingredient in zhuyu hewei zhitong capsules		2.0710beta-carbolines
lercanidipine
[no description available]		2.3110diarylmethane
mizolastine
[no description available]		2.0510benzimidazoles
cgs 9343b
[no description available]		2.0810benzimidazoles
intoplicine
intoplicine: structure in first source		2.0510pyridoindole
telmisartan
Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.		2.4720benzimidazoles;
biphenyls;
carboxybiphenyl		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
bergenin
bergenin: RN refers to (2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,4aalpha,10bbeta))-isomer; structure		2.0710trihydroxybenzoic acidmetabolite
dexfenfluramine
Dexfenfluramine: The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.. (S)-fenfluramine : The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects.		2.0510fenfluramineappetite depressant;
serotonergic agonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
2-methoxyestradiol
2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2.		2.472017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
thiamorpholine
thiamorpholine: RN given refers to parent cpd. thiomorpholine : A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is an analogue of morpholine where the oxygen atom is replaced by sulfur.		2.0810saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent;
thiomorpholines
1h-imidazo(4,5-b)pyridine
1H-imidazo(4,5-b)pyridine: structure given in first source. 4-azabenzimidazole : The [4,5-b]-fused isomer of imidazopyridine.		2.3110imidazopyridine
triazoles
Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.		2.13101,2,3-triazole
pinocembrin
pinocembrin : A dihydroxyflavanone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7. A natural product found in Piper sarmentosum and Cryptocarya chartacea.		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
dihydroxyflavanone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
vasodilator agent
tangeretin
tangeretin: structure given in first source; from citrus plants; inhibits invasion of MO4 mouse cells into embryonic chick heart in vitro. tangeretin : A pentamethoxyflavone flavone with methoxy groups at positions 4', 5, 6 , 7 and 8.. pentamethoxyflavone : A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by a five methoxy groups.		2.0110pentamethoxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
isocoumarins
Isocoumarins: Compounds that differ from COUMARINS in having the positions of the ring and ketone oxygens reversed so the keto oxygen is at the 1-position of the molecule.. isocoumarin : The simplest member of the class of isocoumarins that is 1H-isochromene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 1.		3.3110isocoumarins
5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthol
5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthol : 1-naphthol hydrogenated at C-5, -6, -7 and -8.		2.1110tetralins
medetomidine
Medetomidine: An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.		2.0510imidazoles
sertraline
Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.		2.0510dichlorobenzene;
secondary amino compound;
tetralins		antidepressant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
picosulfate sodium
picosulfate sodium: contains two active ingredients, sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate, which are both laxatives; structure		2.0510aryl sulfate;
pyridines
zoledronic acid
Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position.		2.45201,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
imidazoles		bone density conservation agent
dienogest
[no description available]		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
aliphatic nitrile;
steroid hormone		progesterone receptor agonist;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
artemether
Artemether: An artemisinin derivative that is used in the treatment of MALARIA.. artemether : An artemisinin derivative that is artemisinin in which the lactone has been converted to the corresponding lactol methyl ether. It is used in combination with lumefantrine as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.		7.0310artemisinin derivative;
cyclic acetal;
organic peroxide;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid		antimalarial
dracorhodin
dracorhodin: no other info available 8/89		2.3110
isoscopoletin
isoscopoletin : A hydroxycoumarin that is esculetin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group. It is the major primary metabolite of scoparone.		2.5420aromatic ether;
hydroxycoumarin		plant metabolite
morphazinamide
morphazinamide: RN given refers to parent cpd; RN in Chemline for mono-HCL: 1473-73-0; structure in Merck Index		2.0510morpholines;
pyrazines;
secondary carboxamide
vinburnine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid
dexrazoxane
Dexrazoxane: The (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane.		2.0510razoxaneantineoplastic agent;
cardiovascular drug;
chelator;
immunosuppressive agent
masoprocol
Masoprocol: A potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. The compound also inhibits formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase to a lesser extent. It also serves as an antioxidant in fats and oils.. masoprocol : The meso-form of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. An antioxidant found in the creosote bush, Larrea divaricata, it is a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. It also inhibits (though to a lesser extent) formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase.		3.5990nordihydroguaiaretic acidantineoplastic agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite
voriconazole
Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.		2.0510conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
pyrimidines;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		P450 inhibitor
buparvaquone
buparvaquone: used in therapy of theileriasis; structure given in first source		2.3110
alacepril
[no description available]		2.0810dipeptide;
thioacetate ester		EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
cyclobutyrol
cyclobutyrol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cyclobutyrol : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid in which the hydroxy group is geminal to a 1-carboxypropyl group on a cyclohexane ring.		2.0510hydroxy monocarboxylic acidbile therapy drug
terlipressin
terlivaz: first FDA approved injection to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) with rapid reduction in kidney function.		2.0510polypeptide
bw 12c79
5-(2-formyl-3-hydroxyphenoxy)pentanoic acid: aromatic aldehyde; aldehyde group interacts with N-terminal amino group of both alpha-globin chains		3.3510
ubenimex
ubenimex: growth inhibitor		2.0810
epicatechin
(-)-epicatechin : A catechin with (2R,3R)-configuration.		3.0140catechin;
polyphenol		antioxidant
gallocatechol
(-)-epigallocatechin : A flavan-3,3',4',5,5',7-hexol having (2R,3R)-configuration.		3.9130catechin;
flavan-3,3',4',5,5',7-hexol		antioxidant;
food component;
plant metabolite
hesperetin
[no description available]		2.46203'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
monomethoxyflavanone;
trihydroxyflavanone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
magnolol
[no description available]		2.0710biphenyls
honokiol
[no description available]		2.5120biphenyls
isoflavone
[no description available]		2.0510isoflavones
chelerythrine chloride
[no description available]		2.4620
betulin
betulin: isolated from various white birch bark (BETULA). betulin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents.		2.0710diol;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		analgesic;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
metabolite
clevudine
[no description available]		2.0510
tetrahydroalstonine
tetrahydroalstonine : A heteropentacyclic compound that is (20alpha)-16,17-didehydro-18-oxayohimban which is substituted at position 16 by a methoxycarbonyl group and at position 19 by a methyl group. It is a metabolite found in several plant species.		2.0710methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
yohimban alkaloid		plant metabolite
hernandezine
hernandezine: from Thalictrum glandulosissimum; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (1beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 3/91		2.0710bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
narciclasine
narciclasine: antitumor alkaloid from bulbs of Narcissus species		2.2510phenanthridinesmetabolite
teleocidin b-4
teleocidins: structure; RN given refers to teleocidin		1.9710
picropodophyllin
picropodophyllin: isolated from American May apple (Podophyllum); inhibits IGF-I autophosphorylation without interfering with tyrosine kinase activity. picropodophyllotoxin : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that has a furonaphthodioxole skeleton bearing 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl and hydroxy substituents.		2.0710furonaphthodioxole;
lignan;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 antagonist;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
tetrandrine
tetrandrine: a bisbenzylisoquinoline that exhibits antifibrogenic activity		2.4720bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
sennoside A
sennoside A : A member of the class of sennosides that is rel-(9R,9'R)-9,9',10,10'-tetrahydro-9,9'-bianthracene-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 4', by beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy groups at positions 5 and 5', and by oxo groups at positions 10 and 10'. The exact stereochemisty at positions 9 and 9' is not known - it may be R,R (as shown) or S,S.		2.2110oxo dicarboxylic acid;
sennosides
lobaric acid
lobaric acid: inhibits formation of leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4; also reduces muscle contraction; structure in first source		2.2110carbonyl compound
(-)-catechin
(-)-catechin : The (-)-enantiomer of catechin.		2.2510catechinmetabolite
dehydrocostus lactone
dehydrocostus lactone : An organic heterotricyclic compound and guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone that is acrylic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4-hydroxy-3,8-bis(methylene)decahydoazulen-5-yl group and in which the hydroxy group and the carboxy group have undergone formal condensation to afford the corresponding gamma-lactone.		2.0710gamma-lactone;
guaiane sesquiterpenoid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpene lactone		antimycobacterial drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
metabolite;
trypanocidal drug
strictinin
strictinin: antioxidant from green tea leaves (Camellia sinensis L.); structure in first source		3.3510
calpeptin
[no description available]		2.0410amino acid amide
madecassic acid
[no description available]		2.0710monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
tetrol		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
panaxadiol
panaxadiol: a protopanaxadiol with the side chain cyclized into a pyran which is an artifact of acidic hydrolysis; RN refers to (3 beta,12 beta,20R)-isomer		2.0710triterpenoid saponin
tryptanthrine
tryptanthrine: minor constituent of traditional Chinese medicine qing dai		2.0710alkaloid antibiotic;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
homoeriodictyol
homoeriodictyol: structure in first source. homoeriodictyol : A trihydroxyflavanone that consists of 3'-methoxyflavanone in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4', 5, and 7.		2.07103'-methoxyflavanones;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
monomethoxyflavanone;
trihydroxyflavanone		flavouring agent;
metabolite
carbohydrazide
carbohydrazide: structure. carbohydrazide : A hydrazide consisting of hydrazine carrying one or more carboacyl groups.. carbonyl dihydrazine : A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation between hydrazinecarboxylic acid and hydrazine.		7.0310carbohydrazide;
one-carbon compound
4-hydroxyindole
hydroxyindoles : Any member of the class of indoles carrying at least one hydroxy group.		2.0710hydroxyindoles;
phenols
3-tritylthio-l-alanine
[no description available]		3.1810benzenoid aromatic compound
rosiglitazone
[no description available]		7.520aminopyridine;
thiazolidinediones		EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
insulin-sensitizing drug
eriocitrin
eriocitrin: structure in first source. eriocitrin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of eriodictyol substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.51203'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
disaccharide derivative;
flavanone glycoside;
rutinoside;
trihydroxyflavanone		antioxidant
clarithromycin
Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.		2.0510macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
protein synthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic
7,8-dihydromethysticin
[no description available]		2.07102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
5-thio-d-glucose
5-thio-D-glucose: RN given refers to 5-thio-D-glucose		1.9710
nicotine
(S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.		2.47203-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridineanxiolytic drug;
biomarker;
immunomodulator;
mitogen;
neurotoxin;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
phytogenic insecticide;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent;
xenobiotic
cinchonine
[no description available]		2.0710(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol;
cinchona alkaloid		metabolite
fibrinogen
Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol.		2.0310iditolfungal metabolite
17-alpha-hydroxypregnenolone
17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone: A 21-carbon steroid that is converted from PREGNENOLONE by STEROID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE. It is an intermediate in the delta-5 pathway of biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and the adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.. 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone : A hydroxypregnenolone carrying an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17.		1.961017alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
hydroxypregnenolone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
aucubin
[no description available]		2.0710organic molecular entitymetabolite
lupinine
lupinine: RN given refers to parent cpd(1R-trans)-isomer; structure		2.5120quinolizidine alkaloid
matrine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid
friedelin
3-friedelanone: from the stem bark of Irvingia gabonensis; structure in first source. friedelin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is perhydropicene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and by methyl groups at the 4, 4a, 6b, 8a, 11, 11, 12b, and 14a-positions (the 4R,4aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aR,12bS,14aS,14bS-enantiomer). It is the major triterpenoid constituent of cork.		2.0710cyclic terpene ketone;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
antipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
plant metabolite
catalpol
[no description available]		2.0710organic molecular entitymetabolite
quinine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
sarsasapogenin
[no description available]		2.0710sapogenin
lopinavir
[no description available]		2.0510amphetamines;
dicarboxylic acid diamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
1-(4'-nitrophenyl)-2-aminopropane-1,3-diol
1-(4'-nitrophenyl)-2-aminopropane-1,3-diol: chloramphenicol minus dichloroacetamide side chain; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		1.9710
corynanthine
Corynanthine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.		2.0710yohimban alkaloid
prunin protein, prunus
prunin protein, Prunus: a legumin-like type of globulin; structure given in first source. naringenin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A flavanone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside that is (S)-naringenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
flavanone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative		antibacterial agent;
antilipemic drug;
hypoglycemic agent;
metabolite
podocarpic acid
podocarpic acid: structure. podocarpic acid : An abietane diterpenoid lacking the isopropyl substituent with an aromatic C-ring and a hydroxy group at the 12-position.		2.5120abietane diterpenoid
mansonone e
mansonone E: a potent anti-bacterial sesquiterpenoid isolated from the dried root bark of Ulmus pumila; structure in first source		2.0410
dansyl hydrazine
[no description available]		2.0310
harmol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
5-Methoxyflavone
5-methoxyflavone: DNA polymerase-beta inhibitor and neuroprotective agent against beta-amyloid toxicity; structure in first source		2.0710ether;
flavonoids
phosphoramide mustard
[no description available]		1.9910nitrogen mustard;
phosphorodiamide
10-hydroxycamptothecin
[no description available]		2.0710pyranoindolizinoquinoline
3,5,7,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone
3,5,7,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone: causes relaxation of cavernosum; structure in first source		2.2510
zpck
ZPCK: alkylates histidine residue at active center of bovine chymotrypsin		2.2110
corydaline
[no description available]		2.0710isoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
demissidine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
steroid
episesamin
1-asarinine: structure; might this actually be asarinin?(sb)		2.1510
cinchonidine
cinchonidine: has antimalarial activity; diastereoisomer of cinchonine with distinct physiochemical properties; RN given refers to parent cpd(8alpha,9R)-isomer. cinchonidine : 8-epi-Cinchonan in which a hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by hydroxy (R configuration). A diasteroisomer of cinchonine, it occurs in the bark of most varieties of Cinchona shrubs, and is frequently used for directing chirality in asymmetric synthesis.		2.0710(8xi)-cinchonan-9-ol;
cinchona alkaloid		metabolite
benzyloxyamine
benzyloxyamine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1310
mafosfamide
mafosfamide: RN given refers to cis-(+-)-isomer		1.9910
u 73122
1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione: structure given in first source. U-73122 : An aza-steroid that is 3-O-methyl-17beta-estradiol in which the 17beta-hydroxy group is replaced by a 6-(maleimid-1-yl)hexylamino group. An inibitor of phospholipase C.		2.4120aromatic ether;
aza-steroid;
maleimides		EC 3.1.4.11 (phosphoinositide phospholipase C) inhibitor
sr141716
[no description available]		2.0510amidopiperidine;
carbohydrazide;
dichlorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrazoles		anti-obesity agent;
appetite depressant;
CB1 receptor antagonist
bosentan anhydrous
Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.		2.0510primary alcohol;
pyrimidines;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
u 74006f
tirilazad: a lazaroid; potent inhibitor of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation; has shown excellent activity in in vivo models of experimental central nervous system trauma & ischemia; structure given in first source; tradename Freedox		1.9910corticosteroid hormone
fluo-3
Fluo-3: fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator; permits continuous monitoring of Ca without interference with use of UV-sensitive caged compounds		2.0710xanthene dyefluorochrome
propidium iodide
[no description available]		2.0710organic iodide salt
selenomethionine
[no description available]		2.0510amino acid zwitterion;
selenomethionine		plant metabolite
vinpocetine
[no description available]		2.0810
6-hydroxydopa
6-hydroxydopa: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		3.7320non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
perindopril
Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline		2.0510alpha-amino acid ester;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
tryptoline
tryptoline: neurotoxic factor that may be involved in development of Parkinson's disease; enzymatic prep from human brain converts tryptamine to tryptoline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.5120beta-carbolines
procyanidin
Proanthocyanidins: Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways.		2.0410proanthocyanidin
epicatechin gallate
epicatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor; RN given refers to the (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source; isolated from green tea. (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of epicatechin. A natural product found in Parapiptadenia rigida.		2.4920catechin;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
deguelin
deguelin: a natural product from Mundulea sericea; RN refers to (7aS-cis)-isomer; structure given in first source. deguelin : A rotenone that is 13,13a-dihydro-3H-chromeno[3,4-b]pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-7(7aH)-one substituted by methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10, and by two methyl groups at position 3 (the 7aS,13aS-stereoisomer). It exists in abundant quantities in the bark, roots, and leaves of the Leguminosae family of plants and reported to exert anti-tumour effects in various cancers.		2.7930aromatic ether;
diether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
rotenones		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor;
plant metabolite
catechin
(+)-catechin monohydrate : The monohydrate of (+)-catechin.		2.0710hydrategeroprotector
fingolimod
fingolimod : An aminodiol that consists of propane-1,3-diol having amino and 2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl substituents at the 2-position. It is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. A prodrug, fingolimod is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase to active metabolite fingolimod-phosphate, a structural analogue of sphingosine 1-phosphate.		2.0510aminodiol;
primary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
CB1 receptor antagonist;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug;
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist
daidzin
daidzin: a potent, selective, and reversible inhibitor of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. daidzein 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is daidzein attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It is used in the treatment of alcohol dependency (antidipsotropic).		2.07107-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside;
hydroxyisoflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		plant metabolite
triptolide
[no description available]		4.3730diterpenoid;
epoxide;
gamma-lactam;
organic heteroheptacyclic compound		antispermatogenic agent;
plant metabolite
cafestol
[no description available]		2.0710diterpenoid;
furans;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
primary alcohol;
tertiary alcohol		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
parthenolide
[no description available]		2.0710germacranolide
schizandrin b
schizandrin B: a phytogenic antineoplastic agent with anti-inflammatory activity; isolated from Schisandra plant		1.9710
tamibarotene
tamibarotene: has retinoid-binding activity. tamibarotene : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide resulting from the condensation of one of the carboxy groups of terephthalic acid with the amino group of 5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-amine.		3.1510dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
retinoid;
tetralins		antineoplastic agent;
retinoic acid receptor alpha/beta agonist
ecteinascidin 743
[no description available]		2.0510acetate ester;
azaspiro compound;
bridged compound;
hemiaminal;
isoquinoline alkaloid;
lactone;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
organic sulfide;
oxaspiro compound;
polyphenol;
tertiary amino compound		alkylating agent;
angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
marine metabolite
1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine
Platelet Activating Factor: A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.. 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine which has hexadecyl as the alkyl group. PAF is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis.		1.97102-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineantihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
bronchoconstrictor agent;
hematologic agent;
vasodilator agent
deoxyglucose
Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.		2.4520
homoorientin
homoorientin: isolated from Swertia japonica; structure given in first source		2.5320flavone C-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
radical scavenger
brassinolide
brassinolide: plant growth promoting steroidal lactone from rape pollen; RN given refers to (2alpha,3alpha,5alpha,22R,23R,24S)-isomer; structure in first source		2.081022-hydroxy steroid;
23-hydroxy steroid;
2alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
brassinosteroid		plant growth stimulator;
plant hormone
nitisinone
[no description available]		2.0510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
cyclohexanones;
mesotrione		EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
marimastat
marimastat: a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor active in patients with advanced carcinoma of the pancreas, prostate, or ovary. marimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the foraml condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the alpha-amino group of N,3-dimethyl-L-valinamide.		2.0510hydroxamic acid;
secondary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
asiatic acid
[no description available]		2.0710monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
triol		angiogenesis modulating agent;
metabolite
clofarabine
[no description available]		2.0510adenosines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
sr 48692
SR 48692: structure in first source; a neurotensin receptor-1 antagonist		2.0810N-acyl-amino acid
elacridar
Elacridar: inhibitor of MDR1 PROTEIN; structure given in first source		2.0810
caprylates
Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis.		1.9410fatty acid anion 8:0;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion		human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
angustmycin a
angustmycin A: structure; from Streptomyces hygroscopicus; inhibits GMP synthesis		2.07106-aminopurines
razadyne
Razadyne: Name of the FDA approved preparation from J&J.		2.0710
sb 204070a
SB 204070A: structure given in first source; a selective 5-HT(4) receptor antagonist		2.2110
mitiglinide
mitiglinide: a rapid and short-acting hypoglycemic agent; acts on sulfonylurea receptor closing KATP channels; considered one of the glinides-an imprecise grouping; structure given in first source		2.0510benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid
thymidine 3',5'-diphosphate
[no description available]		1.9910
phytosphingosine
phytosphingosine: differ with an additional hydroxyl at C-4 & no double bond between C-4 & C-5		2.0710amino alcohol;
sphingoid;
triol		mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
[no description available]		2.0710
gossylic nitrile-1,1'-diacetate
gossylic nitrile-1,1'-diacetate: inhibits human immunodeficiency virus Type I replication; structure given in first source		4.1850
celastrol
[no description available]		2.7630monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
metabolite
4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin
4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin: structure in first source. 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is the 9- epimer of 4'-demethylpodophyllotoxin.		2.0710furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
phenols		antineoplastic agent
perchlorate
perchlorate: the explosive component of rocket fuel; an environmental contaminant that disrupts THYROID HORMONES. perchlorate : A monovalent inorganic anion obtained by deprotonation of perchloric acid.		7.0510chlorine oxoanion;
monovalent inorganic anion
imatinib mesylate
imatinib methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt that is the monomesylate salt of imatinib. Used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours.		2.7730methanesulfonate saltanticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
gefitinib
[no description available]		2.7830aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
morpholines;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
n-(n-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine
N-(N-(3-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine: inhibits calcium-activated neutral protease; see also record for E-64; RN given refers to (2-S-(2alpha,3beta)(R*)-isomer)		2.0710leucine derivative
n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine
N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine: structure given in first source; a selective A(3) adenosine receptor agonist. 3-iodobenzyl-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and one of the hydrogens of the exocyclic amino function is substituted by a 3-iodobenzyl group.		2.0510adenosines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organoiodine compound		adenosine A3 receptor agonist
bay x 1005
2-(4-(quinolin-2-yl-methoxy)phenyl)-2-cyclopentylacetic acid: inhibits synthesis of leukotriene B4 and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid; inhibits five-lipoxygenase activating protein(FLAP)and leukotriene A4 hydrolase(LTA4H); structure given in first source;		2.0810
5,5'-bis(8-(phenylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonate)
[no description available]		1.9610
1-((3,5-dichloro)-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone
1-((3,5-dichloro)-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone: structure given in first source. 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexan-1-one : A differentiation-inducing factor that is hexaphenone bearing two chloro substituents at positions 3 and 5, two hydroxy substituents at positions 2 and 6 as well as a single methoxy substituent at position 4. A secreted, chlorinated molecule that controls cell fate during development of Dictyostelium cells.		2.0210dichlorobenzene;
differentiation-inducing factor;
monomethoxybenzene;
resorcinols		eukaryotic metabolite;
signalling molecule
3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide
[no description available]		1.9910organic molecular entity
e 64
E 64: cysteine protease inhibitor of microbial origin, which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) and cathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-)		2.0710dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
epoxy monocarboxylic acid;
guanidines;
L-leucine derivative;
zwitterion		antimalarial;
antiparasitic agent;
protease inhibitor
gyki 53655
GYKI 53655: an AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate) receptor antagonist		2.0810
methotrexate
[no description available]		2.4320dicarboxylic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pteridines		abortifacient;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
antiprimod
azaspirane: structure given in first source		2.0510
sulbactam
[no description available]		2.0510penicillanic acids
olmesartan medoxomil
Olmesartan Medoxomil: An ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to manage HYPERTENSION.		2.0510biphenyls
ilomastat
CS 610: matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; structure in first source. ilomastat : An N-acyl-amino acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the amino group of N-methyl-L-tryptophanamide. A cell permeable broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor		2.0510hydroxamic acid;
L-tryptophan derivative;
N-acyl-amino acid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.24.24 (gelatinase A) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
omega-n-methylarginine
omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent.		1.9810amino acid zwitterion;
arginine derivative;
guanidines;
L-arginine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
ml-3000
[no description available]		2.0810
cd 437
CD 437: selective for retinoic acid receptors gamma. CD437 : A naphthoic acid that is 6-phenylnaphthylene-2-carboxyic acid in which the phenyl substituent has been substituted at positions 3 and 4 by adamant-1-yl and hydroxy groups, respectively. It acts as a selective agonist of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)gamma and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in various cancer cells.		2.0810adamantanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
naphthoic acid;
phenols		apoptosis inducer;
retinoic acid receptor gamma agonist
sinensetin
sinensetin: isolated from citrus fruit; exhibit antiadhesive action on platelets. sinensetin : A pentamethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6, 7, 3' and 4' respectively.		2.0710pentamethoxyflavoneplant metabolite
3',4'-dihydroxyflavone
3',4'-dihydroxyflavone: inhibitors of arachidonic acid peroxidation		2.2510
harmalol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
docetaxel
[no description available]		2.0510hydrate;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent
docetaxel anhydrous
Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.		8.63157secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
perifosine
[no description available]		2.0810ammonium betaine;
phospholipid		EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
atazanavir
atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).		2.0510carbohydrazideantiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
lonafarnib
lonafarnib: inhibitor of farnesyl protein transferase. lonafarnib : A 4-{2-[4-(3,10-dibromo-8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-yl)piperidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl}piperidine-1-carboxamide that has R configuration. It is used as oral farnesyltransferase inhibitor.		3.15104-{2-[4-(3,10-dibromo-8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-yl)piperidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl}piperidine-1-carboxamideantineoplastic agent;
EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor
levofloxacin
Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.		2.05109-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
ezetimibe
Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.. ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer).		2.0510azetidines;
beta-lactam;
organofluorine compound		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antimetabolite
cariporide
cariporide: a selective sodium-hydrogen exchange subtype 1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0510
tezosentan
tezosentan: structure in first source		2.0510
mk 767
5-((2,4-dioxo-5-thiazolidinyl)methyl)-2-methoxy-N-((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)benzamide: an antihyperlipidemic agent that also functions as an insulin sensitizer, PPARalpha agonist, and PPARgamma agonist; structure in first source		2.0810
moxifloxacin
Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.		2.0510aromatic ether;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
pyrrolidinopiperidine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug
jtt 501
JTT 501: an insulin sensitizer; structure in first source		2.0510
bazedoxifene acetate
[no description available]		2.0810
bazedoxifene
[no description available]		2.3110phenylindole
hyoscyamine
Hyoscyamine: The 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.. (S)-atropine : An atropine with a 2S-configuration.		2.0710tropane alkaloid
phorbols
Phorbols: The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium).		1.9710diterpene;
terpenoid fundamental parent
schizandrin a
schizandrin A: the major lignan, 2-9%, of Schisandra plant; has hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and antineoplastic activities		2.0710
naproxen
Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.		2.0510methoxynaphthalene;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
canertinib
[no description available]		2.0810monochlorobenzenes;
morpholines;
organofluorine compound;
quinazolines		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
cinacalcet
cinacalcet : A secondary amino compound that is (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethanamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propyl group.		2.3110(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
naphthalenes;
secondary amino compound		calcimimetic;
P450 inhibitor
birb 796
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic ether;
morpholines;
naphthalenes;
pyrazoles;
ureas		EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator
hydroxyl radical
Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.		8.8221oxygen hydride;
oxygen radical;
reactive oxygen species
schizandrin b
(+)-schisandrin B : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is found in Fructus Schisandrae and Schisandra chinensis.		2.0710aromatic ether;
cyclic acetal;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
oxacycle;
tannin		anti-asthmatic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
nephroprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
tipifarnib
[no description available]		3.5720imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound;
quinolone		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor
alpha-ketocaproic acid
alpha-ketocaproic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-oxohexanoic acid : A straight-chain fatty acid consisting of hexanoic acid having an oxo group at position 2.		1.99102-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
medium-chain fatty acid;
oxo fatty acid;
straight-chain fatty acid		human blood serum metabolite
singlet oxygen
Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages.		7.0610chalcogen;
monoatomic oxygen;
nonmetal atom		macronutrient
oxidopamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.2110
cryptotanshinone
cryptotanshinone: from Salvia miltiorrhiza		2.0710abietane diterpenoidanticoronaviral agent
cyc 202
seliciclib : 2,6-Diaminopurine carrying benzylamino, (2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl and isopropyl substituents at C-6, C-2-N and N-9 respectively. It is an experimental drug candidate in the family of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors.		2.47202,6-diaminopurinesantiviral drug;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
isosakuranetin
isosakuranetin: structure in first source. 4'-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone : A dihydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 and a methoxy group at position 4' (the 2S stereoisomer).		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
monomethoxyflavanone		plant metabolite
chrysamine g
chrysamine G: structure given in first source; RN refers to disodium salt		210
ampelopsin
ampelopsin: hepatoprotective agent; isolated from Hovenia dulcis; RN given for (2R-trans)-isomer; structure in first source. (+)-dihydromyricetin : An optically active form of dihydromyricetin having (2R,3R)-configuration.		2.2510dihydromyricetin;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
isovitexin
[no description available]		2.0710C-glycosyl compound;
trihydroxyflavone		EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
sclareol
sclareol: structure given in first source. sclareol : A labdane diterpenoid that is labd-14-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 8 and 13. It has been isolated from Salvia sclarea.		2.0710labdane diterpenoidantifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
apoptosis inducer;
fragrance;
plant metabolite
tanshinone ii a
tashinone IIA: a cardiovascular agent with antineoplastic activity; isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza; structure in first source		2.5220abietane diterpenoid
diadenosine triphosphate
[no description available]		1.9710diadenosyl triphosphatemouse metabolite
4'-hydroxyflavanone
4'-hydroxyflavanone: structure in first source. 4'-hydroxyflavanones : Any hydroxyflavanone having a hydroxy substituent located at position 4'.		2.04104'-hydroxyflavanones;
monohydroxyflavanone
paromomycin
Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.		2.0510amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside antibiotic		anthelminthic drug;
antibacterial drug;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug
gossypol beta-aminoethyl sodium sulfate
gossypol beta-aminoethyl sodium sulfate: don't confuse with MEGACINS		2.0710
avasimibe
[no description available]		2.5220monoterpenoid
leucodin
leucodin: structure in first source		2.5120sesquiterpene lactone
biotin
vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.		2.0510biotins;
vitamin B7		coenzyme;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
prosthetic group;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
angiotensin ii
Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).		1.9810amino acid zwitterion;
angiotensin II		human metabolite
atropine
tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.		2.0510
lignin
Lignin: The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). lignin : A polyphenylpropanoid derived from three monolignol monomers: trans-p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferol and trans-sinapyl alcohol. There is extensive cross-linking and no defined primary structure.		7.4320
sb 203580
[no description available]		2.0810imidazoles;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
enzastaurin
[no description available]		2.0810indoles;
maleimides
erlotinib
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic ether;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
terminal acetylenic compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist;
protein kinase inhibitor
2'-hydroxyflavanone
[no description available]		2.0410
piboserod
Serotonin 5-HT4 Receptor Antagonists: Drugs that bind to but do not activate SEROTONIN 5-HT4 RECEPTORS, thereby blocking the actions of SEROTONIN or SEROTONIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS.		2.0810
l 163191
[no description available]		2.0810
limonin
[no description available]		2.0710epoxide;
furans;
hexacyclic triterpenoid;
lactone;
limonoid;
organic heterohexacyclic compound		inhibitor;
metabolite;
volatile oil component
bd 1047
N-(2-(3,4-Dichlorphenyl)ethyl)-N,N',N'-trimethyl-1,2-ethandiamin: sigma receptor ligand; putative sigma receptor antagonist with antidystonic activity		2.0810primary amine
solidagenone
solidagenone: RN given for (4R-(4alpha,4abeta,8aalpha))-isomer; structure in first source		2.2110
maduramicin
maduramicin: isolated from Actinomadura rubra		2.0710
gossypolone
gossypolone: structure given in first source		4.46220
chelidonine
chelidonine: benzophenanthridine derived from scoulerine from Chelidonium majus; RN given refers to parent cpd (chelidonine, (5bR-(5balpha,6beta,12alpha))-isomer)		2.0710alkaloid antibiotic;
alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzophenanthridine alkaloid
troleandomycin
Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.		2.4720acetate ester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyketide;
semisynthetic derivative		EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor;
xenobiotic
lapatinib
[no description available]		2.0810furans;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
quinazolines		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
deferasirox
Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA.. deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions.		2.520benzoic acids;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols;
triazoles		iron chelator
tbc-11251
sitaxsentan: endothelin A receptor antagonist; structure in first source		2.0510benzodioxoles
sorafenib
[no description available]		7.4820(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
pyridinecarboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
lenalidomide
[no description available]		4.1631aromatic amine;
dicarboximide;
isoindoles;
piperidones		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
immunomodulator
N-[4-(3-chloro-4-fluoroanilino)-3-cyano-7-ethoxy-6-quinolinyl]-4-(dimethylamino)-2-butenamide
[no description available]		2.0810aminoquinoline
sr 142806
[no description available]		2.0810
santonin
Santonin: Anthelmintic isolated from the dried unexpanded flower heads of Artemisia maritima and other species of Artemisia found principally in Russian and Chinese Turkestan and the Southern Ural region. (From Merck, 11th ed.)		2.0710botanical anti-fungal agent;
santonin		plant metabolite
sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer
Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.		2.47203beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
C29-steroid;
phytosterols;
stigmastane sterol		anticholesteremic drug;
antioxidant;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
sterol methyltransferase inhibitor
estradiol 3-benzoate
17beta-estradiol 3-benzoate : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of benzoic acid with the phenolic hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol.		2.041017beta-hydroxy steroid;
benzoate ester		estrogen receptor agonist;
xenoestrogen
gossypol acetic acid
[no description available]		14.2118516
blastmycin
blastmycin: structure		2.4420amidobenzoic acid
vincristine sulfate
[no description available]		2.0710organic sulfate saltantineoplastic agent;
geroprotector
anisomycin
Anisomycin: An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.. (-)-anisomycin : An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.		2.0710monohydroxypyrrolidine;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic		anticoronaviral agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiparasitic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
protein synthesis inhibitor
benzarone
benzarone: antihemorrhagic agent; structure		2.05101-benzofurans
estramustine
Estramustine: A nitrogen mustard linked to estradiol, usually as phosphate; used to treat prostatic neoplasms; also has radiation protective properties.. estramustine : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
radiation protective agent
acetylstrophanthidin
acetylstrophanthidin: structure. acetylstrophanthidin : An acetate ester that is strophanidin acetylated at the 3beta-hydroxy group.		2.0710acetate esteranti-arrhythmia drug
noscapine
Noscapine: A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent.. (-)-noscapine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline which is substituted by a 4,5-dimethoxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-yl group at position 1, a methylenedioxy group at positions 6-7 and a methoxy group at position 8. Obtained from plants of the Papaveraceae family, it lacks significant painkilling properties and is primarily used for its antitussive (cough-suppressing) effects.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
cyclic acetal;
isobenzofuranone;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antitussive;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
Harringtonine
harringtonin: alkaloid C from Caphalotaxus fortunei		2.0710alkaloid
homoharringtonine
Homoharringtonine: Semisynthetic derivative of harringtonine that acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor and induces APOPTOSIS in tumor cells. It is used in the treatment of MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC.. omacetaxine mepesuccinate : A cephalotaxine-derived alkaloid ester obtained from Cephalotaxus harringtonia; used for the treatment of chronic or accelerated phase chronic myeloid leukaemia.		2.0510alkaloid ester;
enol ether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
protein synthesis inhibitor
tripdiolide
tripdiolide: structure		3.0810oxacycle
acivicin
[no description available]		2.0710isoxazoles;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organochlorine compound		antileishmanial agent;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor;
glutamine antagonist;
metabolite
ketopinic acid
ketopinic acid: structure in first source		2.0710
elesclomol
[no description available]		2.0810carbohydrazide;
thiocarbonyl compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer
wortmannin
[no description available]		2.4720acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
delta-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
Penicillium metabolite;
radiosensitizing agent
sorbinil
sorbinil: aldose reductase inhibitor. sorbinil : An azaspiro compound having a monofluoro-substituted chromane skeleton spiro-linked to an imidazolidinedione ring.		1.9910azaspiro compound;
chromanes;
imidazolidinone;
organofluorine compound;
oxaspiro compound		antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
gitoxigenin
gitoxigenin: structure		2.071014beta-hydroxy steroid;
16beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid
graveoline
graveoline: structure in first source		2.5120quinolines
4-oxy-6-(4-oxybezoyloxy)dauc-8,9-en
4-oxy-6-(4-oxybezoyloxy)dauc-8,9-en: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,3abeta,4beta,8aalpha))-isomer; a natural benzyl ester of a carotyl type azulene sesquiterpenoid; structure in first source		2.0710
cercosporin
cercosporin: phyytotoxin from Cercospora beticola Sacc; posses photodynamic action on mice, bacteria & plants. cercosporin : An organic heterohexacyclic compound that is perylo[1,12-def][1,3]dioxepine-6,11-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 12, by methoxy groups at positions 7 and 10, and by 2-hydroxypropyl groups at positions 8 and 9 (the R,R-stereoisomer). It is a phytotoxin which was first isolated from the pathogenic soybean fungus, Cercospora kikuchii and later found in multiple members of the genus Cercospora.		1.9710
o-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol
O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol: Semisynthetic analog of fumagillin (a cyclohexane-sesquiterpene antibiotic isolated from ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS) that inhibits angiogenesis.. O-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol : A carbamate ester that is fumagillol in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding N-(chloroacetyl)carbamate derivative.		2.0510carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid;
spiro-epoxide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor;
retinoic acid receptor alpha antagonist
nsc 663284
NSC 663284: structure in first source		2.0810quinolone
bortezomib
[no description available]		4.5470amino acid amide;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
pyrazines		antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
protease inhibitor;
proteasome inhibitor
isochamaejasmin
isochamaejasmin: from S. chamaejasme L; structure in first source. isochamaejasmin : A biflavonoid that consists of two units of 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavanone joined together at position 3 and 3''.		2.1110biflavonoid;
hydroxyflavone		plant metabolite
ritonavir
Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
L-valine derivative;
ureas		antiviral drug;
environmental contaminant;
HIV protease inhibitor;
xenobiotic
bardoxolone methyl
methyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oate: structure in first source		2.0810cyclohexenones
nexavar
[no description available]		2.0510organosulfonate salt
nsc 23766
[no description available]		2.0810aminopyrimidine;
aminoquinoline;
primary amino compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.6.5.2 (small monomeric GTPase) inhibitor;
muscarinic antagonist
leupeptins
Leupeptins: A group of acylated oligopeptides produced by Actinomycetes that function as protease inhibitors. They have been known to inhibit to varying degrees trypsin, plasmin, KALLIKREINS, papain and the cathepsins.		2.0610
schisanhenol
schisanhenol: a dibenzyl cyclooctane from kernels of Schisandra rubriflora; structure given in first source		1.9710
glycogen
glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.		2.6630
bradykinin
[no description available]		3.2260oligopeptidehuman blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent
canavanine
L-canavanine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-homoserine substituted at oxygen with a guanidino (carbamimidamido) group. Although structurally related to L-arginine, it is non-proteinogenic.		2.420amino acid zwitterion;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		phytogenic insecticide;
plant metabolite
glucosamine
D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.		2.0510D-glucosamineEscherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
mouse metabolite
mevalonic acid
Mevalonic Acid: A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.. mevalonic acid : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mevalonic acid.. (R)-mevalonic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of mevalonic acid.		2.39203,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid
naringenin
(S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.		2.7730(2S)-flavan-4-one;
naringenin		expectorant;
plant metabolite
oxytocin
Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.		2.3820heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide hormone		oxytocic;
vasodilator agent
inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: Intracellular messenger formed by the action of phospholipase C on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which is one of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is released into the cytoplasm where it releases calcium ions from internal stores within the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. These calcium ions stimulate the activity of B kinase or calmodulin.		2.0310myo-inositol trisphosphatemouse metabolite
ouabain
Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.		8.589011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
14beta-hydroxy steroid;
5beta-hydroxy steroid;
alpha-L-rhamnoside;
cardenolide glycoside;
steroid hormone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
plant metabolite
puromycin
[no description available]		2.0710puromycinsantiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor;
nucleoside antibiotic;
protein synthesis inhibitor
taxifolin
(+)-taxifolin : A taxifolin that has (2R,3R)-configuration.		2.8330taxifolinmetabolite
tosylphenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone
Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone: An inhibitor of Serine Endopeptidases. Acts as alkylating agent and is known to interfere with the translation process.. N-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone : The N-tosyl derivative of L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone.		2.2110alpha-chloroketone;
sulfonamide		alkylating agent;
serine proteinase inhibitor
nitroarginine
Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group.		2.6730guanidines;
L-arginine derivative;
N-nitro compound;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
mimosine
L-mimosine : An L-alpha-amino acid that is propionic acid substituted by an amino group at position 2 and a 3-hydroxy-4-oxopyridin-1(4H)-yl group at position 3 (the 2S-stereoisomer). It a non-protein plant amino acid isolated from Mimosa pudica.		2.07104-pyridones;
amino acid zwitterion;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
eriodictyol
eriodictyol: structure. eriodictyol : A tetrahydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7, 3' and 4' respectively.		2.53203'-hydroxyflavanones;
tetrahydroxyflavanone
arbutin
hydroquinone O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A monosaccharide derivative that is hydroquinone attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.0710beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative		Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
(+)-delta-cadinene
delta-cadinene: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source. delta-cadinene : A member of the cadinene family of sesquiterpenes in which the double bonds are located at the 4-4a and 7-8 positions, and in which the isopropyl group at position 1 is cis to the hydrogen at the adjacent bridgehead carbon (position 8a).. (+)-delta-cadinene : A member of the cadinene family of sesquiterpenes in which the double bonds are located at the 4-4a and 7-8 positions, and in which the isopropyl group at position 1 is cis to the hydrogen at the adjacent bridgehead carbon (the 1S,8aR-enantiomer).		7.4620cadinene;
delta-cadinene
quinidine
Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.		2.4720cinchona alkaloidalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
muscarinic antagonist;
P450 inhibitor;
potassium channel blocker;
sodium channel blocker
conessine
conessine : A steroid alkaloid that is con-5-enine substituted by a N,N-dimethylamino group at position 3. It has been isolated from the plant species of the family Apocynaceae.		2.5220steroid alkaloid;
tertiary amino compound		antibacterial agent;
antimalarial;
H3-receptor antagonist;
plant metabolite
meropenem
Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.		2.0510alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
carbapenemcarboxylic acid;
organic sulfide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide		antibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
griseofulvin
Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.		2.47201-benzofurans;
antibiotic antifungal drug;
benzofuran antifungal drug;
organochlorine compound;
oxaspiro compound		antibacterial agent;
Penicillium metabolite
digitoxin
Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.		2.7830cardenolide glycosideEC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
saquinavir
Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.		2.0510L-asparagine derivative;
quinolines		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
hyperforin
hyperforin: a prenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative; antibiotic component of novoimanine; psychoactive agent in St. John's wort; Russian; structure;. hyperforin : A cyclic terpene ketone that is a prenylated carbobicyclic acylphloroglucinol derivative produced by St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum.		2.0710
netilmicin
Netilmicin: Semisynthetic 1-N-ethyl derivative of SISOMYCIN, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action similar to gentamicin, but less ear and kidney toxicity.		2.0510
trimethaphan camsylate
trimethaphan camsylate : The (S)-camphorsulfonate salt of trimethaphan.		2.0510
erythromycin estolate
Erythromycin Estolate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. It is the lauryl sulfate salt of the propionic ester of erythromycin. This erythromycin salt acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.		2.0510aminoglycoside sulfate salt;
erythromycin derivative		enzyme inhibitor
euphol
euphol: from Euphorbia acaulis Roxb.; structure given in first source		2.2110triterpenoid
deltaline
[no description available]		2.0710acetate ester;
cyclic acetal;
diterpene alkaloid;
organic polycyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
ryanodine
Ryanodine: A methylpyrrole-carboxylate from RYANIA that disrupts the RYANODINE RECEPTOR CALCIUM RELEASE CHANNEL to modify CALCIUM release from SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM resulting in alteration of MUSCLE CONTRACTION. It was previously used in INSECTICIDES. It is used experimentally in conjunction with THAPSIGARGIN and other inhibitors of CALCIUM ATPASE uptake of calcium into SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM.. ryanodine : An insecticide alkaloid isolated from South American plant Ryania speciosa.		2.420
silychristin
silychristin : A flavonolignan isolated from Silybum marianum and has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activities against lipoxygenase and prostaglandin synthetase.		2.25101-benzofurans;
aromatic ether;
flavonolignan;
polyphenol;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone		lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite;
prostaglandin antagonist;
radical scavenger
carnosol
carnosol: isolated from Lepechinia hastata		1.9810diterpenoid
ingenol
[no description available]		2.0710cyclic terpene ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid
phorbol
phorbol: RN given refers to (1aR-(1a alpha,1b beta,4a beta,7a alpha,7b alpha,8 alpha,9 beta,9b beta))-isomer; synonym isophorbol refers to (4a alpha)-isomer; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7143. phorbol : A diterpenoid with the structure of tigliane hydroxylated at C-4, -9, -12(beta), -13 and -20, with an oxo group at C-3 and unsaturation at the 1- and 6-positions.		1.9710cyclic ketone;
enone;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid
picrotin
picrotin: the less toxic component of PICROTOXIN lacking GABA activity. picrotin : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is picrotoxinin in which the olefinic double bond has undergone addition of water to give the corresponding tertiary alcohol. It is the less toxic component of picrotoxin, lacking GABA activity.		2.0710diol;
epoxide;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid;
tertiary alcohol		plant metabolite
picrotoxinin
[no description available]		2.0710epoxide;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid;
tertiary alcohol		GABA antagonist;
plant metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
naringin
[no description available]		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
neohesperidoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
isonaringin
isonaringin: structure in first source. narirutin : A disaccharide derivative that is (S)-naringenin substituted by a 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.0710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
rutinoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
ochratoxin a
ochratoxin A: structure in first source & in Merck, 9th ed, #6549. ochratoxin A : A phenylalanine derivative resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of L-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of (3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid (ochratoxin alpha). It is among the most widely occurring food-contaminating mycotoxins, produced by Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium verrucosum.		3.5120isochromanes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acyl-L-phenylalanine;
organochlorine compound;
phenylalanine derivative		Aspergillus metabolite;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
mycotoxin;
nephrotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
teratogenic agent
gingerol
gingerol: an active ingredient in GINGER along with SHOGAOL. a nonvolatile methoxy phenyl decanone. gingerol : A beta-hydroxy ketone that is 5-hydroxydecan-3-one substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl moiety at position 1; believed to inhibit adipogenesis. It is a constituent of fresh ginger.		2.0710beta-hydroxy ketone;
guaiacols		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
securinine
securinine: a quinolizine pseudoalkaloid (not from amino acid) from Securinega suffurutiosa or Securinini nitras		3.5120indolizines
Dubinidine
[no description available]		2.0710organic heterotricyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
oxacycle
cyclopamine
[no description available]		7.9940piperidinesglioma-associated oncogene inhibitor
lignans
Lignans: A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)		3.5220
s-(4-azidophenacyl)glutathione
S-(4-azidophenacyl)glutathione: photoaffinity label deriv of glutathione; inhibits glyoxalase I (EC 4.4.1.5)		2.2110peptide
n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine
N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor.		2.3820tripeptide
devazepide
Devazepide: A derivative of benzodiazepine that acts on the cholecystokinin A (CCKA) receptor to antagonize CCK-8's (SINCALIDE) physiological and behavioral effects, such as pancreatic stimulation and inhibition of feeding.. devazepide : An indolecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-2-carboxylic acid with the exocyclic amino group of (3S)-3-amino-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. A cholecystokinin antagonist used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.		2.05101,4-benzodiazepinone;
indolecarboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cholecystokinin antagonist;
gastrointestinal drug
tolterodine
[no description available]		2.0510tertiary amineantispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant
doxorubicin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4720anthracycline
erythromycin ethylsuccinate
Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. This compound is an ester of erythromycin base and succinic acid. It acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin ethylsuccinate : A erythromycin derivative that is erythromycin A in which the hydroxy group at position 3R is substituted by a (4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoyl)oxy group. It is used for the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections.		2.0510cyclic ketone;
erythromycin derivative;
ethyl ester;
succinate ester
vinpocetine
vinpocetine: whole issue of Arzneim Forsch (23 articles) discuss this drug; Arzneim Forsch 26(10a);1976; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation		2.0710alkaloidgeroprotector
ao 128
AO 128: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor; structure given in first source		2.0510organic molecular entity
dihydroergocristine monomesylate
dihydroergocristine mesylate : The methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergocristine. It has been used as the for the symptomatic treatment of mental deterioration associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency and in peripheral vascular disease. It is also a component of ergoloid mesylate (codergocrine mesilate), a mixture of ergot alkaloid derivatives that is used as a vasodilator and has shown mild benefits in the treatment of vascular dementia.		2.5120methanesulfonate saltalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
vasodilator agent
betadex
beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.		2.0210cyclodextrin
acarbose
[no description available]		2.0510amino cyclitol;
glycoside
tretinoin
Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.		2.7830retinoic acid;
vitamin A		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
AP-1 antagonist;
human metabolite;
keratolytic drug;
retinoic acid receptor agonist;
retinoid X receptor agonist;
signalling molecule
arachidonic acid
icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.		8.0850icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid;
long-chain fatty acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
farnesol
Farnesol: A colorless liquid extracted from oils of plants such as citronella, neroli, cyclamen, and tuberose. It is an intermediate step in the biological synthesis of cholesterol from mevalonic acid in vertebrates. It has a delicate odor and is used in perfumery. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). (2-trans,6-trans)-farnesol : The (2-trans,6-trans)-stereoisomer of farnesol.. farnesol : A farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-2,6,10-triene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 1.		1.9410farnesolplant metabolite
resveratrol
trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.		9.6740resveratrolantioxidant;
phytoalexin;
plant metabolite;
quorum sensing inhibitor;
radical scavenger
retinol
Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).		3.0650retinol;
vitamin A		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.		2.0510D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
docosahexaenoate
efalex: a mixture of fish oil and primrose oil; used as a high-docosahexaenoic acid fatty acid supplement. docosahexaenoic acid : Any C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds.. docosahexaenoate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of docosahexaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.. all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid : A docosahexaenoic acid having six cis-double bonds at positions 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19.		2.4820docosahexaenoic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		algal metabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
Daphnia tenebrosa metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
oleic acid
Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.		7.4220octadec-9-enoic acidantioxidant;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
solvent
tacrolimus
Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.		2.4320macrolide lactambacterial metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
ferulic acid
ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid.		2.0710ferulic acidsanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
MALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite
cerivastatin
cerivastatin: cerivastatin is the ((E)-(+))-isomer; structure given in first source. cerivastatin : (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid in which the (7E)-hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-5-(methoxymethyl)pyridin-3-yl group. Formerly used (as its sodium salt) to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.		2.0510dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pyridines;
statin (synthetic)
rosuvastatin
rosuvastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).		2.0510dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrimidines;
statin (synthetic);
sulfonamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
cardioprotective agent;
CETP inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cocaine
Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.		2.0510benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound;
tropane alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
eicosapentaenoic acid
icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17.		2.4120icosapentaenoic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		anticholesteremic drug;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
fungal metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
thapsigargin
Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations.		3.2560butyrate ester;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpene lactone		calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
mycophenolic acid
Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		2.78302-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		anticoronaviral agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
xenobiotic
clindamycin
Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.		2.0510
fosfomycin
Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.		2.0510epoxide;
phosphonic acids		antimicrobial agent;
EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
zithromax
Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.		2.0510macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
drf 2725
ragaglitazar: a phenoxazine analogue of phenyl propanoic acid; Ragaglitazar is a coligand of PPARalpha and PPARgamma		2.0510
gw 3965
GW 3965: a liver X receptor ligand		2.0810diarylmethane
y 27632
Y 27632: RN given for di-HCl salt; inhibits Rho-associated protein kinase; inhibits calcium sensitization to affect smooth muscle relaxation; structure in first source. Y-27632 : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is trans-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]cyclohexanecarboxamide in which one of the nitrogens of the aminocarbony group is substituted by a pyridine nucleus. It has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) enzyme.		2.0810aromatic amide
diethylstilbestrol
Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.		2.0510olefinic compound;
polyphenol		antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inducer;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
endocrine disruptor;
xenoestrogen
bms 214662
7-cyano-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)-3-(phenylmethyl)-4-(2-thienylsulfonyl)-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine: a farnesyltransferase inhibitor; structure in first source. BMS-214662 : A member of the class of benzodiazepines that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine substituted by (1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl, benzyl, (thiophen-2-yl)sulfonyl, and cyano groups at positions 1, 3R, 4 and 7, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of farnesyltransferase (IC50 = 1.35nM) which was under clinical development for the treatment of solid tumors.		3.1510benzenes;
benzodiazepine;
imidazoles;
nitrile;
sulfonamide;
thiophenes		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor
6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime
6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime: structure in first source. 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime : A member of the class of biindoles that is indirubin substituted at position 6 by a bromo group and in which the keto group at position 3' has undergone condensation with hydroxylamine to form the corresponding oxime.		2.0810
purvalanol b
purvalanol B: protein kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810purvalanolprotein kinase inhibitor
y-700
[no description available]		2.0810
repsox
RepSox: inhibits TGF-beta signaling; structure in first source appears to be incorrect		2.0810pyrazolopyridine
alitretinoin
Alitretinoin: A retinoid that is used for the treatment of chronic hand ECZEMA unresponsive to topical CORTICOSTEROIDS. It is also used to treat cutaneous lesions associated with AIDS-related KAPOSI SARCOMA.		2.4720retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
metabolite;
retinoid X receptor agonist
L-cycloserine
L-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has S configuration. An antibiotic isolated from Erwinia uredovora.		2.07104-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-oneanti-HIV agent;
anticonvulsant;
EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor
gs 4071
GS 4071: The acid form.. oseltamivir acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 3, 4, and 5 by pentan-3-yloxy, acetamido, and amino groups, respectively (the 3R,4R,5S enantiomer). An antiviral drug, it is used as the corresponding ethyl ester prodrug, oseltamivir, to slow the spread of influenza.		2.2510acetate ester;
amino acid;
cyclohexenecarboxylic acid;
primary amino compound		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
imidazolidines
[no description available]		1.9910azacycloalkane;
imidazolidines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
decitabine
[no description available]		2.05102'-deoxyribonucleoside
teniposide
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether;
beta-D-glucoside;
cyclic acetal;
furonaphthodioxole;
gamma-lactone;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols;
thiophenes		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
12-deoxyphorbol 13-acetate
[no description available]		2.0710phorbol estermetabolite
apogossypol
apogossypol: structure in first source		6.07210
dactinomycin
Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)		2.4720actinomycinmutagen
tiazofurin
tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
C-glycosyl compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
prodrug
aphidicolin
Aphidicolin: An antiviral antibiotic produced by Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungi. It inhibits the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain animal viruses by selectively inhibiting the cellular replication of DNA polymerase II or the viral-induced DNA polymerases. The drug may be useful for controlling excessive cell proliferation in patients with cancer, psoriasis or other dermatitis with little or no adverse effect upon non-multiplying cells.. aphidicolin : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that has an tetradecahydro-8,11a-methanocyclohepta[a]naphthalene skeleton with two hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 4 and 9, two methyl substituents at positions 4 and 11b and two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9. An antibiotic with antiviral and antimitotical properties. Aphidicolin is a reversible inhibitor of eukaryotic nuclear DNA replication.		2.5120tetracyclic diterpenoidantimicrobial agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
apoptosis inducer;
Aspergillus metabolite;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite
melphalan
Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.		2.4120L-phenylalanine derivative;
nitrogen mustard;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde
benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde: proteasome inhibitor. N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal : A tripeptide that is L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucine in which the C-terminal carboxy group has been reduced to the corresponding aldehyde and the N-terminal amino group is protected as its benzyloxycarbonyl derivative.		2.0610amino aldehyde;
carbamate ester;
tripeptide		proteasome inhibitor
tenofovir
tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.		2.0510nucleoside analogue;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
rubitecan
rubitecan: RN refers to (+-)-isomer; anti-HIV agent; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I inhibitor. rubitecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is camptothecin in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a nitro group. It is a prodrug for 9-aminocamptothecin.		2.0510C-nitro compound;
delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
semisynthetic derivative;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
micafungin
Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy.		2.0510antibiotic antifungal drug;
echinocandin		antiinfective agent
(+)-usnic acid
[no description available]		2.0710usnic acid
beta, beta-dimethylacrylshikonin, (+)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0710hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
shikonin
shikonin: a naphthazarin; has antineoplastic and angiogenesis inhibiting activities		2.5420hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
4,4-difluoro-N-[(1S)-3-[3-(3-methyl-5-propan-2-yl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]-1-phenylpropyl]-1-cyclohexanecarboxamide
[no description available]		2.0810tropane alkaloid
5,7,3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone
5,7,3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone: antineoplastic agent that reverses P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance; structure in first source		2.2510
riboflavin
vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).		2.5120flavin;
vitamin B2		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food colouring;
fundamental metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
sodium bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.		2.0510one-carbon compound;
organic sodium salt		antacid;
food anticaking agent
sodium acetate, anhydrous
Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.		2.0510organic sodium saltNMR chemical shift reference compound
sodium benzoate
Sodium Benzoate: The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.. sodium benzoate : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.		2.0510organic sodium saltalgal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
dipyrone
Dipyrone: A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE.. metamizole sodium : An organic sodium salt of antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfonatomethyl)amino group, commonly used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic.		2.3820organic sodium saltanti-inflammatory agent;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug;
prodrug
sodium perchlorate
sodium perchlorate : An inorganic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and perchlorate ions.		2.0510inorganic sodium salt
ditiocarb sodium
[no description available]		2.0510organic molecular entity
bromochloroacetic acid
Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.. bromochloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by bromine while a second is replaced by chlorine. A low-melting (27.5-31.5degreeC), hygroscopic crystalline solid, it can be formed during the disinfection (by chlorination) of water that contains bromide ions and organic matter, so can occur in drinking water as a byproduct of the disinfection process.		1.97102-bromocarboxylic acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound
7-hydroxycadalin
7-hydroxycadalin: isolated from Heterotheca inuloides; structure in first source		2.0410sesquiterpenoid
carbenoxolone sodium
Carbenoxolone: An agent derived from licorice root. It is used for the treatment of digestive tract ulcers, especially in the stomach. Antidiuretic side effects are frequent, but otherwise the drug is low in toxicity.		2.0510triterpenoid
carbenoxolone
[no description available]		2.0510
rhapontin
rhapontin: constituent of rhubarb rhizome		2.0710rhaponticinangiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
cinnamaldehyde
3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes.		3.66203-phenylprop-2-enal;
cinnamaldehydes		antifungal agent;
EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
sensitiser;
vasodilator agent
glycosides
[no description available]		3.9940
chalcone
trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone.		3.1110chalconeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor
isomethyleugenol
Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		2.4420isomethyleugenol
piperine
piperine : A N-acylpiperidine that is piperidine substituted by a (1E,3E)-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-oxopenta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is an alkaloid isolated from the plant Piper nigrum.		2.0710benzodioxoles;
N-acylpiperidine;
piperidine alkaloid;
tertiary carboxamide		food component;
human blood serum metabolite;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
plant metabolite
stilbenes
Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.		4.0420stilbene
xanthohumol
xanthohumol: from hop plant, Humulus lupulus. xanthohumol : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 2' and 4', a methoxy group at position 6' and a prenyl group at position 3'. Isolated from Humulus lupulus, it induces apoptosis in human malignant glioblastoma cells.		2.1310aromatic ether;
chalcones;
polyphenol		anti-HIV-1 agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.20 (diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase) inhibitor;
metabolite
4'-methoxychalcone
4'-methoxychalcone: RN given refers to compound with no isomeric designation		2.2110chalcones
rauwolscine
Rauwolscine: A stereoisomer of yohimbine.		2.0710methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate
discodermolide
[no description available]		2.0510diterpenoid
flavin-adenine dinucleotide
Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide: A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972)		2.0810flavin adenine dinucleotide;
vitamin B2		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prosthetic group
cannabidiol
Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.		2.0510olefinic compound;
phytocannabinoid;
resorcinols		antimicrobial agent;
plant metabolite
s 1033
[no description available]		2.4620(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
imidazoles;
pyridines;
pyrimidines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
calmidazolium
calmidazolium chloride : The organic choride salt of calmidazolium.		2.2110organic chloride saltapoptosis inducer;
calmodulin antagonist
amygdalin
(R)-amygdalin : An amygdalin in which the stereocentre on the cyanohydrin function has R-configuration.		2.0710amygdalinantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
hydrastine, (r-(r*,s*))-isomer
[no description available]		2.0710isoquinolines
fludarabine
[no description available]		2.4720purine nucleoside
propylthiouracil
Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.		2.0510pyrimidinethioneantidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antimetabolite;
antioxidant;
antithyroid drug;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
hormone antagonist
prothionamide
Prothionamide: Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE. It is used mostly in combination with other agents.		2.0510pyridines
sesquiterpenes
[no description available]		4.7790
etomidate
Etomidate: Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.. etomidate : The ethyl ester of 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. It is an intravenous general anaesthetic with no analgesic activity.		2.0510ethyl ester;
imidazoles		intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative
mercaptopurine
Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.		2.4720aryl thiol;
purines;
thiocarbonyl compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
vasicine
vasicine: RN given refers to (R)-isomer		2.5120
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: demethyl derivative of isorhapontigenin; structure in first source; a Syk kinase inhibitor; found in heartwood of FABACEAE; inhibitor of photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts; may be inhibitor of plant growth; RN given refers to (E)-isomer. piceatannol : A stilbenol that is trans-stilbene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4, while the other phenyl group is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5.		2.0710catechols;
polyphenol;
resorcinols;
stilbenol		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
caffeic acid
trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid.		2.7430caffeic acidgeroprotector;
mouse metabolite
rg108
RG108: DNA methyltransferase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.5520indolyl carboxylic acid
stf 083010
[no description available]		2.0810
N-(3-cyano-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl)-1-naphthalenecarboxamide
[no description available]		2.0810naphthalenecarboxamide
(S)-monastrol
[no description available]		2.0310ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate
cotinine
Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum.		2.4620N-alkylpyrrolidine;
pyridines;
pyrrolidin-2-ones;
pyrrolidine alkaloid		antidepressant;
biomarker;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
heliotrine
[no description available]		2.0710pyrrolizines
parthenolide, (1ar-(1ar*,4e,7as*,10as*,10br*))-isomer
[no description available]		2.2110germacranolide
sclareolide
[no description available]		2.0710naphthofuran
curcumin
Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.		9.2840aromatic ether;
beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
contraceptive drug;
dye;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
food colouring;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
immunomodulator;
iron chelator;
ligand;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical;
radical scavenger
cct018159
CCT018159: structure in first source. CCT-018159 : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole carrying 1,4-benzodioxane-6-yl and 5-ethyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl substituents at positions 4 and 5 respectively.		2.0810benzodioxine;
pyrazoles;
resorcinols		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
Hsp90 inhibitor
stf-31
STF-31: antineoplastic		2.1310
umi-77
UMI-77: an Mcl-1 inhibitor; structure in first source		3.3110
hypocrellin b
hypocrellin B: photosensitive pigments isolated from Hypocrella bambusae Sacc; structure given in first source		2.0710
secinh3
SecinH3: a small molecule antagonist of cytohesins; structure in first source		2.0810triazoles
jk184
JK184: structure in first source		2.0810
methimazole
Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.		2.05101,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thionesantithyroid drug
sulindac
Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		analgesic;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent
capsaicin
ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.		2.4720capsaicinoidnon-narcotic analgesic;
TRPV1 agonist;
voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
terbinafine
[no description available]		2.0510acetylenic compound;
allylamine antifungal drug;
enyne;
naphthalenes;
tertiary amine		EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor;
sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
aurapten
aurapten: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. auraptene : A member of the class of coumarins that is umbelliferone in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced by a geranyl group. Ii is isolated from several edible fruits and vegetables and exhibits a variety of therapeutic properties.		2.0710coumarins;
monoterpenoid		antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
gamma-secretase modulator;
gastrointestinal drug;
hepatoprotective agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
PPARalpha agonist;
vulnerary
caryophyllene oxide
caryophyllene oxide: has butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity; structure in first source. epoxide : Any cyclic ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a 3-membered ring.		2.1510epoxidemetabolite
chlorogenic acid
caffeoylquinic acid: Antiviral Agent; structure in first source. chlorogenate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of chlorogenic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		2.7830cinnamate ester;
tannin		food component;
plant metabolite
thioguanine anhydrous
Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.		2.46202-aminopurinesanticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
thiobarbituric acid
thiobarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-thiobarbituric acid : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid in which the oxygen at C-2 is replaced by sulfur.		7.3820barbituratesallergen;
reagent
tacrine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510
sodium propionate
sodium propionate: was term of propionic acid (1986-2006). sodium propionate : An organic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and propionate ions.		2.0510organic sodium saltantifungal drug;
food preservative
D-fructopyranose
[no description available]		3.0750cyclic hemiketal;
D-fructose;
fructopyranose		sweetening agent
ferric ferrocyanide
ferric ferrocyanide: antidote to thallium poisoning; RN given refers to Fe(+3)[3:4] salt; structure		210
succimer
Succimer: A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them.. succimer : A sulfur-containing carboxylic acid that is succinic acid bearing two mercapto substituents at positions 2 and 3. A lead chelator used as an antedote to lead poisoning.		2.2110dicarboxylic acid;
dithiol;
sulfur-containing carboxylic acid		chelator
digoxin
Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.		2.420cardenolide glycoside;
steroid saponin		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
epitope
streptozocin
[no description available]		2.0510
fumonisin b1
fumonisin B1: isolated from Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826; structure given in first source; has cancer-promoting activity; inhibits ceramide synthase. fumonisin B1 : A diester that results from the condensation of the 1-carboxy groups of two molecules of propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid with hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 of (2S,3S,5R,10R,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,5,10,14,15-pentol.		3.0810diester;
fumonisin;
primary amino compound;
triol		carcinogenic agent;
metabolite
fumonisin b2
fumonisin B2: produced by Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826; structure given in first source; has cancer-promoting ability. fumonisin B2 : A fumonisin that is (2S,3S,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,14,15-triol in which the hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 have each been esterified by condensation with the 1-carboxy group of 3-carboxyglutaric acid (giving a 3-carboxyglutarate ester group with R configuration in each case).		2.0710diester;
diol;
fumonisin;
primary amino compound		Aspergillus metabolite;
carcinogenic agent
tamoxifen citrate
[no description available]		2.0810citrate saltangiogenesis inhibitor;
anticoronaviral agent
tamoxifen
[no description available]		3.5520stilbenoid;
tertiary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
nadp
[no description available]		7.9140
6-hydroxyflavanone
6-hydroxyflavanone : A monohydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 6.		2.0410monohydroxyflavanonefungal xenobiotic metabolite
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974)		2.7430
hc-067047
HC-067047: a TRPA1 antagonist; structure in first source		2.0810
bi-78d3
[no description available]		2.0810aryl sulfide
ethionamide
Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.		2.0510pyridines;
thiocarboxamide		antilipemic drug;
antitubercular agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor;
leprostatic drug;
prodrug
gsk 3787
[no description available]		2.0810
methyl-thiohydantoin-tryptophan
methyl-thiohydantoin-tryptophan: structure in first source		2.0810organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
2-[2-chloro-6-ethoxy-4-[(3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-4-pyrazolylidene)methyl]phenoxy]acetic acid methyl ester
[no description available]		2.0810monocarboxylic acid
k 858
K 858: an Eg5 inhibitor and antineoplastic agent; structure in first source		3.1810benzenes
4-(5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1h-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide
[no description available]		2.0810sulfonamide
monastrol
monastrol: stops mitosis by fostering formation of monopolar spindles; structure in first source. (S)-monastrol : An ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate that has S configuration.. monastrol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-monastrol.. ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate : A member of the class of thioureas that is 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1)-thione substituted by a 3-hydroxyphenyl group at position 4, an ethoxycarbonyl group at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6.		3.1810enoate ester;
ethyl ester;
phenols;
racemate;
thioureas		antileishmanial agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
zeranol
Zeranol: A non-steroidal estrogen analog.		2.4620macrolide
fusidic acid
Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.		2.051011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
steroid acid;
steroid antibiotic;
sterol ester		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
lincomycin
Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.		2.0710carbohydrate-containing antibiotic;
L-proline derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide;
S-glycosyl compound		antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
valinomycin
Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains.		2.0710cyclodepsipeptide;
macrocycle		antimicrobial agent;
antiviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
potassium ionophore
estrone sulfate
estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.051017-oxo steroid;
steroid sulfate		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
hmr 3647
[no description available]		2.0510
LSM-1318
[no description available]		2.0810oxa-steroid
toremifene
Toremifene: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.		2.0510aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amine		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
rwj 67657
RWJ 67657: inhibits p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase; structure in first source		2.0810
telaprevir
[no description available]		2.0510cyclopentapyrrole;
cyclopropanes;
oligopeptide;
pyrazines		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
peptidomimetic
6-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine
6-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine: an mGlu5 antagonist. 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine : A methylpyridine that coinsists of 2-methylp[yridine bearing an additional phenylethynyl group at position 6. Potent and highly selective non-competitive antagonist at the mGlu5 receptor subtype (IC50 = 36 nM) and a positive allosteric modulator at mGlu4 receptors. Centrally active following systemic administration in vivo. Reverses mechanical hyperalgesia in the inflamed rat hind paw.		2.0810acetylenic compound;
methylpyridines		anxiolytic drug;
metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist
bms 387032
N-(5-(((5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-oxazolyl)methyl)thio)-2-thiazolyl)-4-piperidinecarboxamide: a CDK2 inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source. N-(5-{[(5-tert-butyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidine-4-carboxamide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of piperidine-4-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 5-{[(5-tert-butyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-amine. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of CDK2, CDK7 and CDK9 kinases and exhibits anti-cancer properties.		2.08101,3-oxazoles;
1,3-thiazoles;
organic sulfide;
piperidinecarboxamide;
secondary carboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
lithium
Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.		2.6930alkali metal atom
droloxifene
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
or 1259
[no description available]		2.0510hydrazone;
nitrile;
pyridazinone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
gestodene
Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer		2.0510steroidestrogen
orlistat
Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.		2.4720beta-lactone;
carboxylic ester;
formamides;
L-leucine derivative		anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
idoxifene
idoxifene: structure given in first source		2.0510stilbenoid
quinine
[no description available]		2.0410cinchona alkaloidantimalarial;
muscle relaxant;
non-narcotic analgesic
manool
manool: structure in first source. manool : A labdane diterpenoid in which the labdane skeleton has double bonds at positions 8(17) and 14 and carries an R-hydroxy group at position 13.		2.1510labdane diterpenoid;
tertiary alcohol		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
12-deoxyphorbolphenylacetate-20-acetate
[no description available]		2.0710
brassinin
[no description available]		2.0710dithiocarbamic ester;
indole phytoalexin
e 7010
E 7010: inhibits tubulin polymerization; structure given in first source		3.2110sulfonamide
chaetomellic acid a
chaetomellic acid A: structure given in first source; an inhibitor of farnesyl-protein transferase		2.0710
hirsutine
[no description available]		2.0710
tandutinib
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic ether;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-carbamoylpiperazine;
phenylureas;
piperidines;
quinazolines;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
vx-745
[no description available]		2.0810aryl sulfide;
dichlorobenzene;
difluorobenzene;
pyrimidopyridazine		anti-inflammatory drug;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
corlanor
ivabradine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining ivabradine with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Used to treat patients with angina who have intolerance to beta blockers and/or heart failure.		2.0810hydrochloridecardiotonic drug
3-deoxyvasicine, hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
dasatinib
N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide: a dasatinib prodrug; structure in first source. dasatinib (anhydrous) : An aminopyrimidine that is 2-methylpyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by the primary amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and at position 6 by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group, and in which the carboxylic acid group has been formally condensed with 2-chloro-6-methylaniline to afford the corresponding amide. A multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, it is used, particularly as the monohydrate, for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Note that the name 'dasatinib' is used to refer to the monohydrate (USAN) as well as to anhydrous dasatinib (INN).		2.08101,3-thiazoles;
aminopyrimidine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
emetine dihydrochloride
emetine dihydrochloride : The dihydrochloride salt of emetine.. emetine dihydrochloride hydrate : A hydrate that is the monohydrate of the dihydrochloride salt of emetine.		2.0710hydrochlorideanticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antiviral agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
emetic;
protein synthesis inhibitor
zd 6474
CH 331: structure in first source		2.4720aromatic ether;
organobromine compound;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines;
secondary amine		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
salinomycin
salinomycin: from Streptomyces albus; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0710polyketide;
spiroketal		animal growth promotant;
potassium ionophore
silybin
[no description available]		2.4720
compound 968
compound 968: a glutaminase inhibitor. 5-[3-bromo-4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-2,2-dimethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[a]phenanthridin-4(1H)-one : A partially hydrogenated benzophenanthridine carrying an oxo group at C-4, geminal methyl groups at C-2 and a 3-bromo-4-(dimethylamino)phenyl group at C-5.		2.0810benzophenanthridineEC 3.5.1.2 (glutaminase) inhibitor
sb-224289
SB 224289 : A member of the class of benzamides obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2'-methyl-4'-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid with the secondary amino group of 1'-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-spiro[furo[2,3-f]indole-3,4'-piperidine]. Selective 5-HT1B receptor antagonist (pKi = 8.2). Displays >60-fold selectivity over 5-HT1D, 5-HT1A, 5-HT1E, 5-HT1F, 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors in radioligand binding and functional assays. Centrally active following oral administration in vivo.		2.08101,2,4-oxadiazole;
azaspiro compound;
benzamides;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		serotonergic antagonist
gw 7647
GW 7647: a PPAR-alpha agonist; structure in first source. GW 7647 : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-(phenylsulfanyl)isobutyric acid in which the phenyl group is substituted at the para- position by a 3-aza-7-cyclohexylhept-1-yl group in which the nitrogen is acylated by a (cyclohexylamino)carbonyl group.		2.0810aryl sulfide;
monocarboxylic acid;
ureas		PPARalpha agonist
sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.		1.9410organic sodium saltdetergent;
protein denaturant
valyl-leucyl-lysine 4-nitroanilide
valyl-leucyl-lysine 4-nitroanilide: chromogenic substrate of plasmin; H-D-Val-Leu-Lys- 4-nitroaniline		210
chloramine-t
chloramine-T: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. chloramine T : An organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen.		2.0510organic sodium saltallergen;
antifouling biocide;
disinfectant
l 663536
MK-886: orally active leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor. 3-[3-(tert-butylsulfanyl)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-5-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid : A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by a isopropyl group at position 5, a tert-butylsulfanediyl group at position 3, a 4-chlorobenzyl group at position 1 and a 2-carboxy-2-methylpropyl group at position 2. It acts as an inhibitor of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase.		2.5320aryl sulfide;
indoles;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
leukotriene antagonist
1-[6-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolyl]-N-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]methanimine
[no description available]		2.0810imidazoles
N4-ethyl-N6,1,2-trimethyl-N4-phenylpyrimidin-1-ium-4,6-diamine
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic amine;
tertiary amino compound
2-[[2-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-ylamino)-2-oxoethyl]-1-oxo-5-isoquinolinyl]oxy]propanoic acid ethyl ester
[no description available]		2.0810isoquinolines
naphthoquinones
Naphthoquinones: Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.		3.0950
sch 79797
[no description available]		2.0810quinazolines
flosequinan
[no description available]		2.0510quinolines
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1h-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide
4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide: a TGF-beta type I receptor kinase activity inhibitor		2.0810benzamides;
benzodioxoles;
imidazoles;
pyridines		EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
rhodamine 123
Rhodamine 123: A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30). rhodamine 123(1+) : A cationic fluorescent dye derived from 9-phenylxanthene.		3.2360organic cation;
xanthene dye		fluorochrome
tolcapone
Tolcapone: A benzophenone and nitrophenol compound that acts as an inhibitor of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of DOPAMINE and LEVODOPA. It is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE in patients for whom levodopa is ineffective or contraindicated.. tolcapone : Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase.		2.05102-nitrophenols;
benzophenones;
catechols		antiparkinson drug;
EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-3-(3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)azetidin-2-one
[no description available]		2.0810monobactam
imd 0354
N-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide: a cardioprotective agent that inhibits IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta); structure in first source		2.0810benzamides
ex 527
6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide: structure in first source. 6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide : A member of the class of carbazoles that is 2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole which is substituted at position 1 by an aminocarbohyl group and at position 6 by a chlorine.		2.0810carbazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organochlorine compound
fraxetin
fraxetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is 6-methoxycoumarin in which the hydrogens at positions 7 and 8 have been replaced by hydroxy groups.		2.3110aromatic ether;
hydroxycoumarin		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
apoptosis inhibitor;
Arabidopsis thaliana metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
hypoglycemic agent
5,6-dehydrokawain
5,6-dehydrokawain: from Alpinia speciosa rhizoma; RN given for cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source		2.51202-pyranones;
aromatic ether
9,10-dihydrolysergol
9,10-dihydrolysergol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0710
geranylgeranic acid
geranylgeranic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. (2E,6E,10E)-geranylgeranic acid : A diterpenoid obtained by formal oxidation of the CH2OH group of (E,E,E)-geranylgeraniol to the corresponding carboxylic acid.		2.0710alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
diterpenoid;
methyl-branched fatty acid;
trienoic fatty acid
ku 55933
2-morpholin-4-yl-6-thianthren-1-yl-pyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase ATM; structure in first source		3.3510
sphingosine
sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4.		1.9710sphing-4-eninehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
quercetin
[no description available]		9.261807-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
bilirubin
[no description available]		3.0750biladienes;
dicarboxylic acid		antioxidant;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
dinoprostone
prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.		2.9240prostaglandins Ehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
oxytocic
dinoprost
Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor.		3.3770monocarboxylic acid;
prostaglandins Falpha		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
biochanin a
[no description available]		2.46204'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
formononetin
[no description available]		2.07104'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
prostaglandin b1
prostaglandin Bx: phospholipase A2 inhibitor; polymeric derivative of diketo-PGB1; mean MW 2,200. prostaglandin B1 : A member of the class of prostaglandins B that is prosta-8(12),13-dien-1-oic acid carrying oxo and hydroxy substituents at positions 9 and 15 respectively (the 13E,15S-stereoisomer).		2.5120prostaglandins Bhuman metabolite
sterigmatocystin
[no description available]		2.0710sterigmatocystinsmetabolite
vitexin
[no description available]		2.5320C-glycosyl compound;
trihydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
acacetin
5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-methyl ether derivative of apigenin.		2.0710dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		anticonvulsant;
plant metabolite
apigenin
Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.		2.7830trihydroxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
luteolin
[no description available]		8.08403'-hydroxyflavonoid;
tetrahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
nephroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
linoleic acid
Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed). linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry.		1.9810octadecadienoic acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
plant metabolite
calcitriol
dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes		2.0510D3 vitamins;
hydroxycalciol;
triol		antineoplastic agent;
antipsoriatic;
bone density conservation agent;
calcium channel agonist;
calcium channel modulator;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
quercitrin
[no description available]		2.0710alpha-L-rhamnoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antileishmanial agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
scopoletin
[no description available]		2.5420hydroxycoumarinplant growth regulator;
plant metabolite
beta carotene
beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.		2.4220carotenoid beta-end derivative;
cyclic carotene		antioxidant;
biological pigment;
cofactor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
provitamin A
leukotriene b4
Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway.		1.9710dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid;
leukotriene;
long-chain fatty acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasoconstrictor agent
retinol palmitate
retinol palmitate: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. retinyl palmitate : A palmitate ester of retinol with undefined geometry about the C=C bonds.. all-trans-retinyl palmitate : An all-trans-retinyl ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of palmitic (hexadecanoic acid) with the hydroxy group of all-trans-retinol. It is used in cosmetic products to treat various skin disorders such as acne, skin aging, wrinkles, dark spots, and also protect against psoriasis.		2.4520all-trans-retinyl ester;
retinyl palmitate		antioxidant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite
hymecromone
Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID.		2.5420hydroxycoumarinantineoplastic agent;
hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor
daphnetin
[no description available]		2.3110hydroxycoumarin
luteolin-7-glucoside
luteolin-7-glucoside: has both antiasthmatic and antineoplastic activities; has 3C protease inhibitory activity; isolated from Ligustrum lucidum. luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.2510beta-D-glucoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
gossypetin
gossypetin: inhibits activity of penicillinase enzyme in E coli. gossypetin : A hexahydroxyflavone having the hydroxy groups placed at the 3-, 3'-, 4'-, 5- 7- and 8-positions.		2.21107-hydroxyflavonol;
hexahydroxyflavone		plant metabolite
apigetrin
apigetrin: structure given in first source. apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is apigenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.1510beta-D-glucoside;
dihydroxyflavone;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		antibacterial agent;
metabolite;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
alprostadil
[no description available]		3.0950prostaglandins Eanticoagulant;
human metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
vitamin d 2
Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa.		2.2110hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-ergostane;
vitamin D		bone density conservation agent;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
rodenticide
cholecalciferol
Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.		2.5120D3 vitamins;
hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-cholestane;
secondary alcohol;
steroid hormone		geroprotector;
human metabolite
quercetin 3-o-glucopyranoside
quercetin 3-O-glucopyranoside: structure in first source. quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Lepisorus contortus, it exhibits antineoplastic activityand has been found to decrease the rate of polymerization and sickling of red blood cells		2.5120beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antipruritic drug;
bone density conservation agent;
geroprotector;
histamine antagonist;
osteogenesis regulator;
plant metabolite
rutin
Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders.		2.4120disaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
rutinoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
kaempferol
[no description available]		3.2507-hydroxyflavonol;
flavonols;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
6-ketoprostaglandin f1 alpha
6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha: The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue.. 6-oxoprostaglandin F1alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha that is prostaglandin F1alpha bearing a keto substituent at the 6-position.		2.6730prostaglandins Falphahuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
senecionine
senecionine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. senecionine : A pyrrolizidine alkaloid isolated from the plant species of the genus Senecio.		2.0710lactone;
pyrrolizidine alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		plant metabolite
harmine
Harmine: Alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM HARMALA; ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic PARKINSON DISEASE in the 1920's.. harmine : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7.		2.0210harmala alkaloidanti-HIV agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
genistein
[no description available]		8.33607-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b
Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.		2.4720antibiotic antifungal drug;
macrolide antibiotic;
polyene antibiotic		antiamoebic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
bacterial metabolite
clavulanic acid
Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactam antibiotic produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus. It is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.. clavulanate : The conjugate base of clavulanic acid.. clavulanic acid : Antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes.		2.0510oxapenamantibacterial drug;
anxiolytic drug;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
pulmicort
Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.		2.051011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic acetal;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
bronchodilator agent;
drug allergen
oxymetholone
Oxymetholone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. It is used mainly in the treatment of anemias. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002), this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). oxymetholone : A 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects.		2.0510
montelukast
montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		2.0510aliphatic sulfide;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolines		anti-arrhythmia drug;
anti-asthmatic drug;
leukotriene antagonist
carboprost
Carboprost: A nonsteroidal abortifacient agent that is effective in both the first and second trimesters of PREGNANCY.. carboprost : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydrogen at position 15 is substituted by methyl (S configuration). It is used as an abortifacient agent that is effective in both the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.		1.9710hydroxy monocarboxylic acidabortifacient;
oxytocic
mycophenolate mofetil
mycophenolate mofetil : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid and the hydroxy group of 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol. In the liver, it is metabolised to mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant for which it is a prodrug. It is widely used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants as well as for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		2.0510carboxylic ester;
ether;
gamma-lactone;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
entacapone
entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.		2.05102-nitrophenols;
catechols;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
central nervous system drug;
EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
erucic acid
[no description available]		3.0810docosenoic acid
jasmonic acid
jasmonic acid: a derivative of alpha-linolenic acid that has a role in plant response to herbivory analogous to the role of prostanoids in inflammation in mammals;. jasmonic acid : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is (3-oxocyclopentyl)acetic acid substituted by a (2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl group at position 2 of the cyclopentane ring.		7.7830oxo monocarboxylic acidjasmonates;
plant metabolite
butein
[no description available]		2.0710chalcones;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
radiosensitizing agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
astaxanthine
astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.		2.0510carotenol;
carotenone		animal metabolite;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
food colouring;
plant metabolite
sulfuretin
sulfuretin: the chalcone C ring closes into a 5 instead of the more typical 6 membered ring leaving a phenyl methane at the 2 position instead of the typical phenyl		2.07101-benzofurans
genistin
genistin: glycoside of soy bean isoflavone, gentistein		2.07107-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside
chartreusin
chartreusin: structure		2.5120benzochromenone;
glycoside
esculetin
esculetin: used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light; structure. esculetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light.		2.3110hydroxycoumarinantioxidant;
plant metabolite;
ultraviolet filter
esculin
[no description available]		1.9710beta-D-glucoside;
hydroxycoumarin		antioxidant;
metabolite
7-hydroxycoumarin
7-oxycoumarin: derivatives have anti-oxidant properties. umbelliferone : A hydroxycoumarin that is coumarin substituted by a hydroxy group ay position 7.		2.3110hydroxycoumarinfluorescent probe;
food component;
plant metabolite
humulene
humulene: structure given in first source. (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene : The (1E,4E,8E)-isomer of alpha-humulene.		3.0410alpha-humulene
methysticin
[no description available]		2.07102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
yangonin
yangonin: structure in first source		2.07102-pyranones;
aromatic ether
zearalenone
Zearalenone: (S-(E))-3,4,5,6,8,10-Hexahydro-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1,7(8H)-dione. One of a group of compounds known under the general designation of resorcylic acid lactones. Cis, trans, dextro and levo forms have been isolated from the fungus Gibberella zeae (formerly Fusarium graminearum). They have estrogenic activity, cause toxicity in livestock as feed contaminant, and have been used as anabolic or estrogen substitutes.. zearalenone : A macrolide comprising a fourteen-membered lactone fused to 1,3-dihydroxybenzene; a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Giberella species.		3.5120macrolide;
resorcinols		fungal metabolite;
mycoestrogen
baicalein
[no description available]		2.4120trihydroxyflavoneangiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hormone antagonist;
plant metabolite;
prostaglandin antagonist;
radical scavenger
chrysin
chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.		2.77307-hydroxyflavonol;
dihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
datiscetin
datiscetin : A tetrahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' and 5.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
tetrahydroxyflavone
diosmetin
[no description available]		2.53203'-hydroxyflavonoid;
monomethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
bone density conservation agent;
cardioprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist;
vasodilator agent
diosmin
[no description available]		2.4720dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone;
rutinoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant
fisetin
[no description available]		2.53203'-hydroxyflavonoid;
7-hydroxyflavonol;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
metabolite;
plant metabolite
galangin
5,7-dihydroxyflavonol: antimicrobial from the twigs of Populus nigra x Populus deltoides; structure in first source. galangin : A 7-hydroxyflavonol with additional hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 respectively; a growth inhibitor of breast tumor cells.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
trihydroxyflavone		antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
mangostin
mangostin: xanthone from rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. fruit. alpha-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3 and 6, a methoxy group at position 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumour activities.		2.2110aromatic ether;
phenols;
xanthones		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
3-methylquercetin
isorhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin in which the hydroxy group at position 3' is replaced by a methoxy group.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anticoagulant;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
metabolite
morin
morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5.		3.14507-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
myricetin
[no description available]		8.33607-hydroxyflavonol;
hexahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
food component;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
myricitrin
myricitrin: isolated from root bark of Myrica cerifera L.; structure. myricitrin : A glycosyloxyflavone that consists of myricetin attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Myrica cerifera, it exhibits anti-allergic activity.		2.2510alpha-L-rhamnoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
pentahydroxyflavone		anti-allergic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
orientin
orientin: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (D-glucopyranosyl)-isomer. orientin : A C-glycosyl compound that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 8.		2.25103'-hydroxyflavonoid;
C-glycosyl compound;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
rhamnetin
rhamnetin: aglycone of xanthorhamnin; from Rhamnus. rhamnetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position 7.		2.0710monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
robinetin
robinetin: structure given in first source. robinetin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 7, 3, 4' and 5'.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		plant metabolite
tamarixetin
tamarixetin: isolated from Costsus spicatus. tamarixetin : A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position O-4'. Isolated from Cyperus teneriffae.		2.07107-hydroxyflavonol;
monomethoxyflavone;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
tricetin
tricetin : Flavone hydroxylated at positions 3', 4', 5, 5' and 7.		2.2510pentahydroxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
wogonin
wogonin: structure in first source. wogonin : A dihydroxy- and monomethoxy-flavone in which the hydroxy groups are positioned at C-5 and C-7 and the methoxy group is at C-8.		2.0710dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
plant metabolite
coumestrol
Coumestrol: A daidzein derivative occurring naturally in forage crops which has some estrogenic activity.. coumestrol : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9.		2.5120coumestans;
delta-lactone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
daidzein
[no description available]		2.46207-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
cynarine
cynarine: active principle of the artichoke; functions primarily as a cholagogue and choleretic and also as antilipemic agent		2.0510alkyl caffeate ester;
quinic acid		plant metabolite
caffeic acid phenethyl ester
phenethyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester in which 2-phenylethyl is the alkyl component.		2.5120alkyl caffeate esteranti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
rosmarinic acid
rosmarinic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; promote OT project. (R)-rosmarinic acid : A stereoisomer of rosmarinic acid having (R)-configuration.. rosmarinic acid : The 1-carboxy-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester of trans-caffeic acid.		2.0710rosmarinic acidgeroprotector;
plant metabolite
wedelolactone
wedelolactone: antihepatotoxic coumestan from Eclipta prostrata and Wedelia calendulacea (both Asteraceae); structure given in first source. wedelolactone : A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents as positions 1, 8 and 9 and a methoxy substituent at position 3.		2.0710aromatic ether;
coumestans;
delta-lactone;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite
rottlerin
rottlerin: an angiogenesis inhibitor; an inhibitor of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) and calmodulin kinase III; RN refers to (E)-isomer; do not confuse this chalcone with an anthraquinone that is also called rottlerin (RN 481-72-1);. rottlerin : A chromenol that is 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a 3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 8. A potassium channel opener, it is isolated from Mallotus philippensis.		2.5220aromatic ketone;
benzenetriol;
chromenol;
enone;
methyl ketone		anti-allergic agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
K-ATP channel agonist;
metabolite
ellagic acid
[no description available]		3.5420catechols;
cyclic ketone;
lactone;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
polyphenol		antioxidant;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
sdz psc 833
valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215		2.0510homodetic cyclic peptide
7-hydroxyflavone
7-hydroxyflavone : A hydroxyflavonoid in which the flavone nucleus is substituted at position 7 by a hydroxy group.		2.7730hydroxyflavonoid
prostaglandin a1
[no description available]		2.0710prostaglandins A
coenzyme q10
coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.		2.0510ubiquinonesantioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite
cerulenin
Cerulenin: An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including ACREMONIUM, Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.. cerulenin : An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including Acremonium, Acrocylindrum and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.		2.0710epoxide;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antilipemic drug;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor
n-oleoyldopamine
N-oleoyldopamine: putative capsaicin receptor ligand; produces hyperalgesia; isolated from the brain. N-oleoyldopamine : A fatty amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of oleic acid with the amino group of dopamine. Synthesised in catecholaminergic neurons, it crosses the blood-brain barrier and might be considered as a carrier of dopamine into the brain. It is a transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptor agonist.		2.2110catechols;
fatty amide;
N-(fatty acyl)-dopamine;
secondary carboxamide		TRPV1 agonist
rhoifolin
rhoifolin: from many plants. apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside : An apigenin derivative having an alpha-(1->2)-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety attached to the 7-hydroxy group.		2.0710dihydroxyflavone;
glycosyloxyflavone;
neohesperidoside		metabolite
vitexin rhamnoside
2''-O-rhamnopyranosylvitexin: has both analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities; isolated from Alternanthera maritima; structure in first source. vitexin 2''-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside : A derivative of vitexin having an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue attached at the 2''-position of the glucitol moiety.		2.0710C-glycosyl compound;
disaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		plant metabolite
tranilast
tranilast: antiallergic drug; potent inhibitor of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. tranilast : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group.		2.0510amidobenzoic acid;
cinnamamides;
dimethoxybenzene;
secondary carboxamide		anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
calcium channel blocker;
hepatoprotective agent;
nephroprotective agent
4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid
4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid: A non-penetrating amino reagent (commonly called SITS) which acts as an inhibitor of anion transport in erythrocytes and other cells.		2.6730stilbenoid
domoic acid
domoic acid: kainic acid analog, heterocyclic amino acid from seaweed; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. domoic acid : An L-proline derivative that is L-proline substituted by a carboxymethyl group at position 3 and a 6-carboxyhepta-2,4-dien-2-yl group at position 4. It is produced by the diatomic algal Pseudo-nitzschia. It is an analogue of kainic acid and a neurotoxin which causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP).		2.0710L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid;
tricarboxylic acid		algal metabolite;
hapten;
marine metabolite;
neuromuscular agent;
neurotoxin
4-hydroxychalcone
4-hydroxychalcone: structure in first source. 4-hydroxychalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4.		2.2110chalcones;
phenols		antihypertensive agent;
plant metabolite
4'-hydroxychalcone
4'-hydroxychalcone: inhibits TNFalpha-induced NF-κB activation; structure in first source. 4'-hydroxychalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4'.		2.2110chalcones;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent
etretinate
retinoid : Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof.		2.0510enoate ester;
ethyl ester;
retinoid		keratolytic drug
isotretinoin
Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.		2.4720retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
teratogenic agent
misoprostol
Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.		7.4220
ozagrel
ozagrel: RN refers to (E)-isomer		2.0510cinnamic acids
pitavastatin
pitavastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.		2.0510cyclopropanes;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
quinolines;
statin (synthetic)		antioxidant
ethamolin
monoethanolamine oleate: used for treatment of pyogenic granuloma		2.2110long-chain fatty acid
alatrofloxacin mesylate
[no description available]		2.0510
thromboxane b2
Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15.		2.6730thromboxanes Bhuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol
Peceol: lipid excipient containing readily dispersible mixture of mono- & diglycerides of oleic acid. 1-oleoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride where the acyl group is oleoyl.. monooleoylglycerol : A monoglyceride in which the acyl group is oleoyl with the position of acylation unspecified.		2.25101-acylglycerol 18:1;
monooleoylglycerol		plant metabolite
codeine
[no description available]		2.3820morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antitussive;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
opioid analgesic;
opioid receptor agonist;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
cyclosporine
ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF		2.4720homodetic cyclic peptideanti-asthmatic drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antirheumatic drug;
carcinogenic agent;
dermatologic drug;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
metabolite
phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.2110organic molecular entity
natamycin
[no description available]		2.7830antibiotic antifungal drug;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyene antibiotic		antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial food preservative;
apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite;
ophthalmology drug
acitretin
Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.. acitretin : A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9.		2.0510acitretin;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
retinoid		keratolytic drug
dothiepin
[no description available]		2.0510dothiepin
levetiracetam
Levetiracetam: A pyrrolidinone and acetamide derivative that is used primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES and some movement disorders, and as a nootropic agent.. levetiracetam : A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.		2.0510pyrrolidin-2-onesanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nalorphine
Nalorphine: A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete.		2.0510morphinane alkaloid
naloxone
Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.		2.0510morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist
oxymorphone
Oxymorphone: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)		2.0510morphinane alkaloid
sirolimus
Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.		3.3160antibiotic antifungal drug;
cyclic acetal;
cyclic ketone;
ether;
macrolide lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol		antibacterial drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
mTOR inhibitor
topiramate
Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.. topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine.		2.0510cyclic ketal;
ketohexose derivative;
sulfamate ester		anticonvulsant;
sodium channel blocker
brefeldin a
[no description available]		2.0710macrolide antibioticPenicillium metabolite
alvocidib
alvocidib: structure given in first source. alvocidib : A synthetic dihydroxyflavone that is 5,7-dihydroxyflavone which is substituted by a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group at position 8 and by a chlorine at the 2' position (the (-)-3S,4R stereoisomer). A cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor, it has been studied for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, arthritis and atherosclerotic plaque formation.		2.0510dihydroxyflavone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
seocalcitol
seocalcitol: structure given in first source		2.0510
fenretinide
Fenretinide: A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.. 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide : A retinoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of all-trans retinoic acid and the anilino group of 4-hydroxyaniline. Synthetic retinoid agonist. Antiproliferative, antioxidant and anticancer agent with a long half-life in vivo. Apoptotic effects appear to be mediated by a mechanism distinct from that of 'classical' retinoids.		2.4720monocarboxylic acid amide;
retinoid		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant
geldanamycin
[no description available]		2.05101,4-benzoquinones;
ansamycin;
carbamate ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
cysteine protease inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor
morphine
Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.		2.0510morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		anaesthetic;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
demycarosylturimycin h
[no description available]		3.6120
4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid
4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. arotinoid acid : A retinoid that consists of benzoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 2-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl group. It is a synthetic retinoid that acts as a selective agonist for the retinoic acid receptors (RAR).		2.6620benzoic acids;
naphthalenes;
retinoid		antineoplastic agent;
retinoic acid receptor agonist;
teratogenic agent
ter 199
[no description available]		2.0810
arachidonylcyclopropylamide
arachidonylcyclopropylamide: a potent and selective agonist of neuronal cannabinoid receptor; structure in first source		2.0810
iloprost
Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.. iloprost : A carbobicyclic compound that is prostaglandin I2 in which the endocyclic oxygen is replaced by a methylene group and in which the (1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl side chain is replaced by a (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl group. A synthetic analogue of prostacyclin, it is used as the trometamol salt (generally by intravenous infusion) for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension.		2.0510carbobicyclic compound;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol		platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
ly 320135
LY 320135: cannabinoid receptor antagonist; structure in first source		2.0810benzofurans
lysophosphatidylcholines
lysophosphatidylcholine : An acylglycerophosphocholine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylcholine, which removes one of the fatty acyl groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R1 = acyl, R2 = H or where R1 = H, R2 = acyl.		1.95101-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
cytochalasin b
Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.. cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments.		2.7230cytochalasin;
lactam;
lactone;
organic heterotricyclic compound		actin polymerisation inhibitor;
metabolite;
mycotoxin;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
nalbuphine
Nalbuphine: A narcotic used as a pain medication. It appears to be an agonist at KAPPA RECEPTORS and an antagonist or partial agonist at MU RECEPTORS.		2.2110organic heteropentacyclic compoundmu-opioid receptor antagonist;
opioid analgesic
pd 166285
[no description available]		3.6420
vinorelbine
[no description available]		2.4720acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
ring assembly;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
kn 62
KN 62: inhibitor of Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II		2.0810piperazines
su 6656
SU 6656: a c-Src kinase inhibitor; used to probe growth signaling; structure in first source. SU6656 : A member of the class of oxindoles that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which the hydrogeh at position 5 has been replaced by a dimethylaminosulfonyl group and in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group has been replaced by a 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-indol-2-yl group. It is a specific inhibitor of Src family kinase.		2.0810
7,7-dimethyl-5,8-eicosadienoic acid
7,7-dimethyl-5,8-eicosadienoic acid: RN given refers to (Z,Z)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 6/89		2.2110long-chain fatty acid
bisdemethoxycurcumin
curcumin III: structure in first source. bisdemethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by 4-hydroxycinnamoyl groups.		2.0710beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
metabolite
andrographolide
[no description available]		2.0710carbobicyclic compound;
gamma-lactone;
labdane diterpenoid;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		anti-HIV agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
isorhamnetin 3-o-glucoside
isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside: from the flowers of Persea gratissima; structure in first source. isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A glycosyloxyflavone that is isorhamnetin substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.		2.0710beta-D-glucoside;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		metabolite
4-methylesculetin
4-methylesculetin: has antiinflammatory activity. 6,7-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin : A hydroxycoumarin that is 4-methylcuomarin which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4. A hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor. It has also been used as a fluorescent sensor to monitor the consumption of a boronic acid in Suzuki coupling reactions; fluorescence is readily detectable by the naked eye using a standard 365 nm UV lamp.		2.3110hydroxycoumarinanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor
thunberginol a
thunberginol A: isolated from Hydrangeae dulcis folium; structure given in first source		2.2510
5,7,2'-trihydroxyflavone
5,7,2'-trihydroxyflavone: has inhibitory effects on the EBV-EA activation & on mouse skin tumor promotion in an in vivo two-stage carcinogenesis test; from Scutellaria baicalensis; structure given in first source		2.2510flavones
furazolidone
[no description available]		2.0510
fluvoxamine
Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.		2.0510(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
semaxinib
semaxanib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group.		2.4720olefinic compound;
oxindoles;
pyrroles		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
orantinib
orantinib: an antiangiogenic agent. orantinib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is substituted by a 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrrol-3-yl group. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1.		2.0510
su 11248
[no description available]		3.8821monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrroles		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
neuroprotective agent;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
palbociclib
[no description available]		3.5720aminopyridine;
aromatic ketone;
cyclopentanes;
piperidines;
pyridopyrimidine;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
jnj-7706621
[no description available]		2.0810sulfonamide
5-hydroxy-3,3',4',7-tetramethoxyflavone
5-hydroxy-3,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone: from the rhizome of Kaempferia parviflora; inhibits monocyte adhesion and cellular reactive oxygen species production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. 5-hydroxy-3,3',4',7-tetramethoxyflavone : A monohydroxyflavone that is 5-hydroxyflavone which is substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3,3',4' and 7.		2.25103'-methoxyflavones;
monohydroxyflavone;
tetramethoxyflavone		plant metabolite
lead
Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.		3.0610carbon group element atom;
elemental lead;
metal atom		neurotoxin
12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid
12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid: A lipoxygenase metabolite of ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is a highly selective ligand used to label mu-opioid receptors in both membranes and tissue sections. The 12-S-HETE analog has been reported to augment tumor cell metastatic potential through activation of protein kinase C. (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 274(3):1545-51; J Natl Cancer Inst 1994; 86(15):1145-51)		1.9710
6,7-dihydroxyflavone
6,7-dihydroxyflavone: intensifies effect of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus; structure in first source		2.0710
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is N-isopropylindole which is substituted at position 3 by a p-fluorophenyl group and at position 2 by a 6-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxyhex-1-en-1-yl group. It has four possible diastereoisomers.		2.0510dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
indoles;
organofluorine compound
molsidomine
[no description available]		2.0510ethyl ester;
morpholines;
oxadiazole;
zwitterion		antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
15-hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic acid
15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid: A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110)		1.9710
cesium
Cesium: A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency.		2.4320alkali metal atom
barium
Barium: An element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous.		3.0610alkaline earth metal atom;
elemental barium
flavokawain a
flavokawain A: from kava extract, induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells; structure in first source		2.0710chalcones
7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin
7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin: possess strong antioxidant and radical scavenging activities; structure in first source		2.3110hydroxycoumarin
flavokawain b
flavokawain B: from Piper methysticum Forst (Kava Kava) roots; structure in first source. flavokawain B : A member of the class of chalcones that consists of trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy group at positions 2' and methoxy groups at positions 4' and 6'. Isolated from Piper methysticum and Piper rusbyi, it exhibits antileishmanial, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities.		2.0710chalcones;
dimethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
antileishmanial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
metabolite
rubidium
Rubidium: An element that is an alkali metal. It has an atomic symbol Rb, atomic number 37, and atomic weight 85.47. It is used as a chemical reagent and in the manufacture of photoelectric cells.		2.3920alkali metal atom
aluminum
Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98.		1.9710boron group element atom;
elemental aluminium;
metal atom
naltrexone
Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence.		2.0510cyclopropanes;
morphinane-like compound;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
environmental contaminant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
dextromethorphan
Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.		2.05106-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthreneantitussive;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
oneirogen;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
cefixime
[no description available]		2.0510cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
lisinopril
Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		2.0510dipeptideEC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
ramipril
Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.		2.0510azabicycloalkane;
cyclopentapyrrole;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester		bradykinin receptor B2 agonist;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor;
prodrug
indinavir sulfate
Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid diamide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
piperazinecarboxamide		HIV protease inhibitor
kavain
[no description available]		2.0710racemateglycine receptor antagonist
abscisic acid, (+,-)-isomer
2-cis-abscisic acid : A member of the class of abscisic acids in which the double bond betweeen positions 2 and 3 has cis- (natural) geometry.		2.0710abscisic acidsabscisic acid receptor agonist
diphenylhexatriene
Diphenylhexatriene: A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids.		1.9910alkatrienefluorochrome
2',4'-dihydroxychalcone
2',4'-dihydroxychalcone: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 6/89; structure given in first source		2.2110
veratrine
Veratrine: A voltage-gated sodium channel activator.		2.5120alkaloid
enalapril
Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).		2.420dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
prodrug
vinblastine sulfate
[no description available]		2.0710
nitrofurazone
Nitrofurazone: A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial WOUNDS AND INJURIES and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of TRYPANOSOMIASIS.. nitrofurazone : A semicarbazone resulting from the formal condensation of semicarbazide with 5-nitrofuraldehyde. A broad spectrum antibacterial drug, although with little activity against Pseudomonas species, it is used as a local application for burns, ulcers, wounds and skin infections.		2.0510
catharanthine
[no description available]		2.0710alkaloid ester;
bridged compound;
methyl ester;
monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound
cytochalasin e
cytochalasin E: structure		2.0710cytochalasan alkaloidmetabolite
cytochalasin d
[no description available]		2.0710
sinomenine
sinomenine: isolated from root of Sinomenium acutum; antirheumatic, antineuralgic		2.0710morphinane alkaloid
dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine
1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).		2.05101,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine;
phosphatidylcholine 28:0;
tetradecanoate ester		antigen;
mouse metabolite
ecdysterone
Ecdysterone: A steroid hormone that regulates the processes of MOLTING or ecdysis in insects. Ecdysterone is the 20-hydroxylated ECDYSONE.. 20-hydroxyecdysone : An ecdysteroid that is ecdysone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 20.		2.071014alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
22-hydroxy steroid;
25-hydroxy steroid;
2beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-sterol;
ecdysteroid;
phytoecdysteroid		animal metabolite;
plant metabolite
cisplatin
[no description available]		2.0810diamminedichloroplatinumantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cross-linking reagent;
ferroptosis inducer;
genotoxin;
mutagen;
nephrotoxin;
photosensitizing agent
bleomycin
[no description available]		2.7930bleomycinantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
phosphorus
Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.		3.2260monoatomic phosphorus;
nonmetal atom;
pnictogen		macronutrient
enalaprilat anhydrous
Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid
2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid: chromogen in glucose oxidase-peroxidase method for determining serum glucose; used in free radical scavenging assays; structure in first source		2.0710
imidapril
imidapril: structure given in first source. imidapril : A member of the class of imidazolidines that is (4S)-1-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the imidazolidine nitrogen has been substituted by (1S)-1-{[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino}ethyl group. It is the prodrug for imidaprilat, an ACE inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic heart failure.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester;
imidazolidines;
N-acylurea;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
bakuchiol
bakuchiol: chief component of Psoralea corylifolia Linn; structure		2.0710
demethoxycurcumin
demethoxycurcumin: corresponds to curcumin with one methoxy group replaced by hydrogen; isolated from rhizomes of Curcuma longa. demethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is curcumin in which one of the methoxy groups is replaced by hydrogen. It is found in Curcuma zedoaria and Etlingera elatior.		2.2510beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
zerumbone
zerumbone: RN given for (E,E,E)-isomer; structure in first source. zerumbone : A sesquiterpenoid and cyclic ketone that is (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene which is substituted by an oxo group at the carbon atom attached to two double bonds. It is obtained by steam distillation from a type of edible ginger, Zingiber zerumbet Smith, grown particularly in southeast Asia.		2.0710cyclic ketone;
sesquiterpenoid		anti-inflammatory agent;
glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor;
plant metabolite
kendomycin
kendomycin: structure in first source		2.0410benzofurans
sulindac sulfone
sulindac sulfone: inhibits K-ras-dependent cyclooxygenase-2; sulfated analog of indomethacin;; CP248 is an antineoplastic agent that fosters microtubule depolymerization; structure in first source. sulindac sulfone : A sulfone metabolite of sulindac that inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase inhibition. It inhibits the development and induces regression of premalignant adenomatous polyps. Lipoxygenase and Cox-2 inhibitor.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfone		apoptosis inducer;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
solanesol
solanesol : A nonaprenol that is hexatriaconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34-nonaen-1-ol substituted by 9 methyl groups at positions 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, 27, 31 and 35 (the all-trans0stereoisomer).		2.0710nonaprenol;
primary alcohol		plant metabolite
ximelagatran
ximelagatran: prodrug (via hydroxylation) of melagatran & a direct thrombin inhibitor; liver toxicity concerns so AZD0837 being developed to replace this. ximelagatran : A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage.		2.0510amidoxime;
azetidines;
carboxamide;
ethyl ester;
hydroxylamines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary carboxamide		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
prodrug;
serine protease inhibitor
ceftriaxone
[no description available]		2.05101,2,4-triazines;
1,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
guajavarin
guajavarin: from leaves of Psidium guajava		2.2510
trandolapril
trandolapril : A heterobicylic compound that is (2S,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a (2R)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group. It is a angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug used for the treatment of hypertension.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
batridene
batridene: N1 same as SY #1; MF unknown		3.3570
vx680
[no description available]		2.0810N-arylpiperazine
triolein
Triolein: (Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester.. triolein : A triglyceride formed by esterification of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol with oleic acid. Triolein is one of the two components of Lorenzo's oil.		6.9910triglycerideCaenorhabditis elegans metabolite;
plant metabolite
(1S,15S,17R,18R,19S,20S)-6,18-dimethoxy-17-[oxo-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methoxy]-1,3,11,12,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21-dodecahydroyohimban-19-carboxylic acid methyl ester
[no description available]		2.0710yohimban alkaloid
guanabenz acetate
[no description available]		2.0510dichlorobenzenegeroprotector
famotidine
[no description available]		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
guanidines;
sulfonamide		anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
n-caproylsphingosine
N-(hexanoyl)sphing-4-enine : An N-acylsphingosine consisting of sphing-4-enine bearing a hexanoyl group on nitrogen.		2.0710N-acylsphingosine
carbocyanines
Carbocyanines: Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials.		2.2110cyanine dye;
organic iodide salt		fluorochrome
cefotaxime
Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
aztreonam
[no description available]		2.0510beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
monobactam		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
obtusaquinone
obtusaquinone: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source		2.2110
ammonium sulfate
Ammonium Sulfate: Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.. ammonium sulfate : An inorganic sulfate salt obtained by reaction of sulfuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia. A high-melting (decomposes above 280degreeC) white solid which is very soluble in water (70.6 g/100 g water at 0degreeC; 103.8 g/100 g water at 100degreeC), it is widely used as a fertilizer for alkaline soils.		1.9610ammonium salt;
inorganic sulfate salt		fertilizer
4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid
4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid: An inhibitor of anion conductance including band 3-mediated anion transport.		2.3720
proguanil
Proguanil: A biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.. proguanil : A biguanide compound which has isopropyl and p-chlorophenyl substituents on the terminal N atoms. A prophylactic antimalarial drug, it works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is involved in the reproduction of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax within the red blood cells.		2.0510biguanides;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
22,23-dihydroavermectin b(1)a
22,23-dihydroavermectin B(1)a: C48H74O14; major component of IVERMECTIN; MW 875.093; structure given in first source. 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a : A macrocyclic lactone that is avermectin B1a in which the double bond present in the spirocyclic ring system has been reduced to a single bond. It is the major component of ivermectin.		2.2110macrocyclic lactone;
spiroketal
monorden
monorden: inhibits HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins, DNA topoisomerase VI and human Topoisomerase II		2.5120cyclic ketone;
enone;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antifungal agent;
metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
rifamycin sv
rifamycin SV: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #8009. rifamycin SV : A member of the class of rifamycins that exhibits antibiotic and antitubercular properties.		2.0510acetate ester;
cyclic ketal;
lactam;
macrocycle;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
polyphenol;
rifamycins		antimicrobial agent;
antitubercular agent;
bacterial metabolite
ginkgolide b
[no description available]		2.0710
selenium
Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.		8.4820chalcogen;
nonmetal atom		micronutrient
phosphorus pentoxide
phosphorus pentoxide: drying agent for bacterial cultural extracts analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography; structure. diphosphonate(2-) : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from diphosphonic acid.		1.9710
oxalates
Oxalates: Derivatives of OXALIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are derived from the ethanedioic acid structure.		1.9910
epoprostenol sodium
[no description available]		2.0510prostanoid
d 4476
[no description available]		2.0810imidazoles
homatropine hydrobromide, (endo-(+-)-isomer)
[no description available]		2.0710
hydrocotarnine hydrobromide
[no description available]		2.0710
salsolinol hydrobromide
[no description available]		2.0710
antimycin a
Antimycin A: An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). antimycin A : A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison.		3.8630amidobenzoic acid
cyc 116
4-methyl-5-(2-(4-morpholinophenylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)thiazol-2-amine: an aurora kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810
lasalocid sodium
lasalocid sodium : The sodium salt of lasalocid. It is a veterinary ionophore antibiotic used for prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry.		2.0710benzoates;
organic sodium salt		coccidiostat;
ionophore
bay 19-8004
BAY 19-8004: a PDE4 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810
avermectin b(1)a
avermectin B(1)a: RN given refers to avermectin B(1)a; see also avermectins & demethylavermectins		2.2110avermectin
sclerotiorin
sclerotiorin: isolated from monoverticillate Penicillia; RN given for (R-(R*,S*-(E,E)))-isomer; structure in first source		2.0710azaphilone
himbacine
himbacine: muscarine receptor antagonist; RN given refers to (3S-(3alpha,3aalpha,4beta(1E,2(2R*,6S*)),4abeta,8aalpha,9aalpha))-isomer; structure given in first source. himbacine : A piperidine alkaloid that is decahydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan-1(3H)-one substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and a 2-[(2R,6S)-1,6-dimethylpiperidin-2-yl]ethenyl group at position 4. It has been isolated from the bark of Australian magnolias.		2.0710gamma-lactone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
piperidine alkaloid		muscarinic antagonist
ebelactone b
ebelactone B: esterase inhibitor; structure given in first source; see also ebelactone A		2.0710
3-o-methylbutein
3-O-methylbutein: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.0710chalcones
thermozymocidin
thermozymocidin: a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor; FTY720 is an analog		2.0710alpha-amino fatty acid;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
sphingoid		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
marein
marein: hypoglycemic from Coreopsis tinctoria; structure in first source		2.0710flavonoids;
glycoside
ixabepilone
[no description available]		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
beta-hydroxy ketone;
epoxide;
lactam;
macrocycle		antineoplastic agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent
axitinib
[no description available]		2.0810aryl sulfide;
benzamides;
indazoles;
pyridines		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
pai 039
tiplaxtinin: inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1		2.0810indole-3-acetic acids
brazilein
brazilein: structure given in first source; do not confuse with the dye brazilin. brazilein : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is a red pigment obtained from the wood of Caesalpinia echinata (Brazil-wood) or Caesalpinia sappan (sappan-wood).		2.2110
azlocillin
Azlocillin: A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.. azlocillin : A semisynthetic penicillin having a 6beta-{(2R)-2-[(2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl}amino side-group. It is an antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae.		2.0510penicillin allergen;
penicillin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
tanespimycin
CP 127374: analog of herbimycin A		2.1101,4-benzoquinones;
ansamycin;
carbamate ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
Hsp90 inhibitor
beta-escin
[no description available]		4.540
gw2974
GW2974: quinazoline derivative, which is able to block the activation of both the EGFR and erbB2		2.0810pyridopyrimidine
dantrolene sodium
dantrolene sodium (anhydrous) : The anhydrous sodium salt of dantrolene.		2.0510
nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.		2.0510imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
tubacin
tubacin: inhibits histone deacetylase 6; structure in first source		2.25101,3-oxazoles
hydroxyachillin
hydroxyachillin: isolated from Tanacetum microphyllum; structure given in first source		2.0710gamma-lactone
nifurtimox
Nifurtimox: A nitrofuran thiazine that has been used against TRYPANOSOMIASIS.		2.0510nitrofuran antibiotic
ispinesib
[no description available]		2.0810benzamides
butylscopolammonium bromide
Butylscopolammonium Bromide: Antimuscarinic quaternary ammonium derivative of scopolamine used to treat cramps in gastrointestinal, urinary, uterine, and biliary tracts, and to facilitate radiologic visualization of the gastrointestinal tract.		2.0710
Garcinolic acid
[no description available]		2.2110pyranoxanthones
roxithromycin
(E)-roxithromycin : A major geometrical isomer of roxithromycin.		2.0510roxithromycinenvironmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
fumagillin
[no description available]		2.0710antibiotic antifungal drug;
carboxylic ester;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
meroterpenoid;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
spiro-epoxide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
fungal metabolite;
methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor
artesunate
artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether		2.0710artemisinin derivative;
cyclic acetal;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
hemisuccinate;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
ferroptosis inducer
beraprost
beraprost: stable prostacyclin analog; structure given in first source. beraprost : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is (3aS,8bS)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan in which the hydrogens at positions 1R, 2R and 5 are replaced by (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl, hydroxy and 3-carboxypropyl groups, respectively. It is a prostaglandin receptor agonist which is approved to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in Asia.		2.0510enyne;
monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
secondary allylic alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antihypertensive agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin receptor agonist;
vasodilator agent
vintoperol
vintoperol: structure given in first source; no information given that it is a vinca alkaloid; RN refers to (3alpha, 16alpha)-isomer; RN for compound without isomeric designation not available 12/90		1.9810
lanreotide
[no description available]		2.0510
temsirolimus
[no description available]		2.0810macrolide lactam
pd 184352
2-(2-chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-N-cyclopropylmethoxy-3,4-difluorobenzamide: inhibits MAP kinase kinase; structure in first source		2.0810aminobenzoic acid
lu 208075
ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertension		2.0510diarylmethane
bibx 1382bs
BIBX 1382BS: an ErbB receptor kinase inhibitor; no further information available 4/2001		2.0810substituted aniline
anisodamine
[no description available]		2.0710
belinostat
[no description available]		2.2510hydroxamic acid;
olefinic compound;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
hdac-42
HDAC-42: structure in first source		2.0810amidobenzoic acid
bromopyruvate
[no description available]		2.25102-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion
acetylcarnitine
O-acetyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine where the acyl group specified is acetyl. It facilitates movement of acetyl-CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.		2.0510O-acetylcarnitine;
saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine		human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
staurosporine
staurosporinium : Conjugate acid of staurosporine.		7.940ammonium ion derivative
3-tritylthio-l-alanine, (d)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0310
bufalin
bufalin: cardiotonic; powerful anesthetic & one of the active constituents of the Chinese drug ch'an su(senso); in Japan prepared from skin of Bufo bufo garfarizans; RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer. bufalin : A 14beta-hydroxy steroid that is bufan-20,22-dienolide having hydroxy substituents at the 5beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the skin of the toad Bufo bufo.		2.071014beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid		animal metabolite;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
cardiotonic drug
alpha-solanine
[no description available]		2.0710glycoalkaloid;
organic heterohexacyclic compound;
steroid saponin;
trisaccharide derivative		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
phytotoxin;
plant metabolite
[4-[[4-(1-benzothiophen-2-yl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]phenyl]-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-piperidinyl]methanone
[no description available]		2.0810benzamides;
N-acylpiperidine
nifurtoinol
nifurtoinol : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group and at position 3 by a hydroxymethyl group.		2.0510hydrazone;
imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
fosinopril
[no description available]		2.0510
iniparib
[no description available]		2.0810carbonyl compound;
organohalogen compound
mk 0752
[no description available]		2.0810
gw 501516
GW 501516: a selective PPARdelta agonist; structure in first source. GW 501516 : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and at position 4 by a (1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethyl)sulfanediyl group, and in which the 1,3-thiazolyl group is substituted at positions 2 and 4 by p-trifluoromethylphenyl and methyl groups, respectively.		2.08101,3-thiazoles;
aromatic ether;
aryl sulfide;
monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound		carcinogenic agent;
PPARbeta/delta agonist
eflucimibe
eflucimibe: a powerful and systemic acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor		2.0510
av 412
[no description available]		2.0810
ag-041r
AG-041R: structure in first source		2.0810
telatinib
[no description available]		2.0810
cp 547632
3-(4-bromo-2,6-difluorobenzyloxy)-5-(3-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylbutyl)ureido)isothiazole-4-carboxylic acid amide: inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 tyrosine kinase; structure in first source		2.0810
spc-839
SPC-839: an inhibitor of activator protein 1; structure in first source		2.0810
lenvatinib
lenvatinib : A member of the class of quinolines that is the carboxamide of 4-{3-chloro-4-[(cyclopropylcarbamoyl)amino]phenoxy}-7-methoxyquinoline-6-carboxylic acid. A multi-kinase inhibitor and orphan drug used (as its mesylate salt) for the treatment of various types of thyroid cancer that do not respond to radioiodine.		2.0810aromatic amide;
aromatic ether;
cyclopropanes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
quinolines		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
fibroblast growth factor receptor antagonist;
orphan drug;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
andarine
[no description available]		2.0810acetamides;
anilide
gw843682x
[no description available]		2.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
pd 0325901
mirdametinib: has antineoplastic activity; appears to be a MEK inhibitor. PD 0325901 : A hydroxamic acid ester that is benzhydroxamic acid (N-hydroxybenzamide) in which the hydroxamic acid group has been converted to the corresponding 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester and in which the benzene ring has been substituted at position 2 by a (2-fluoro-4-iodophenyl)amino group and at positions 3 and 4 by fluorines (the R enantiomer).		2.0810difluorobenzene;
hydroxamic acid ester;
monofluorobenzenes;
organoiodine compound;
propane-1,2-diols;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.12.2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase) inhibitor
midostaurin
midostaurin : An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is the N-benzoyl derivative of staurosporine.		2.5420benzamides;
gamma-lactam;
indolocarbazole;
organic heterooctacyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
ag 14361
[no description available]		2.0810benzimidazoles
etomoxir
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether
sb 265610
[no description available]		2.0810
proflavine hemisulfate
[no description available]		2.2110
apigenin-7-o-rutinoside
[no description available]		2.0710
gambogic acid
gambogic acid: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,1(Z),3abeta,5alpha,11beta,14aS*))-isomer		2.5220pyranoxanthonesmetabolite
pentagastrin
Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.		2.0510organic molecular entity
fr 148083
5Z-7-oxozeaenol : A macrolide that is the 7-oxo derivative of zeaenol (the 5Z stereoisomer). Isolated from Fungi, it exhibits cytotoxic, antibacterial and inhibitory activity against NF-kappaB.		2.0810aromatic ether;
macrolide;
phenols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
NF-kappaB inhibitor
mocetinostat
mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).		2.9440aminopyrimidine;
benzamides;
pyridines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent
osi 930
OSI 930: inhibits both receptor tyrosine kinase Kit and kinase insert domain receptor; structure in first source		2.0810aromatic amide
ki 20227
[no description available]		2.0810
scio-469
SCIO-469: a small-molecule p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase inhibitor for potential oral therapy for inflammatory disorders; in phase lib clinical trials for rheumatoid arthritis 4/2004. talmapimod : An indolecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-chloro-3-[(dimethylamino)(oxo)acetyl]-1-methylindole-5-carboxylic acid with the secondary amino group of (2S,5R)-1-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,5-dimethylpiperazine. It is a potent inhibitor of MAPK and exhibits anti-cancer properties.		2.0810aromatic amide;
aromatic ketone;
chloroindole;
dicarboxylic acid diamide;
indolecarboxamide;
monofluorobenzenes;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-alkylpiperazine		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
ssr 69071
SSR 69071: structure in first source		2.0810pyridopyrimidine
pi103
PI103: pyridofuropyrimidine antineoplastic; a potent inhibitor of class I phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K); structure in first soruce		2.0810aromatic amine;
morpholines;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
mTOR inhibitor
sb 210313
[no description available]		2.0810
xestospongin a
xestospongin A: blocks inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors; structure in first source; from Xestospongia sponge		2.0110
gw 4064
[no description available]		2.0810stilbenoid
gentamicin sulfate
[no description available]		2.0510
sa 4503
[no description available]		2.0810
ic 87114
IC 87114: structure in first source		2.08106-aminopurines;
biaryl;
quinazolines		EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
bn 52020
[no description available]		2.0710
zibotentan
ZD4054: a potent endothelin receptor A antagonist that inhibits ovarian carcinoma cell proliferation		2.0810phenylpyridine
tivozanib
N-(2-chloro-4-((6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolyl)oxy)phenyl)-N'-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)urea: KNR-951 is the HCl, monohydrate salt; an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source		2.0810aromatic ether
hki 272
[no description available]		2.0810nitrile;
quinolines		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
tofacitinib
tofacitinib : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine substituted at position 4 by an N-methyl,N-(1-cyanoacetyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-yl)amino moiety. Used as its citrate salt to treat moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis.		2.0810N-acylpiperidine;
nitrile;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound		antirheumatic drug;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
bibr 1532
[no description available]		2.0810
n-(6-chloro-7-methoxy-9h-beta-carbolin-8-yl)-2-methylnicotinamide
[no description available]		2.0810
rucaparib
AG14447: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810azepinoindole;
caprolactams;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
cediranib
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic ether
gw0742
GW 610742: structure in first source		2.0810monocarboxylic acid
sb 743921
[no description available]		3.1810
zeolites
[no description available]		2.610
ps1145
PS1145: IkappaB kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810beta-carbolines
bay 41-8543
BAY 41-8543: structure in first source		2.0810pyrazolopyridine
aq4n
AQ4N: structure given in first source		7.1710
chir 99021
Chir 99021: structure in first source. CHIR 99021 : A member of the class of aminopyrimidines that is 2-aminopyrimidine substituted at positions N2, 5 and 6 by (5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)ethyl, 4-methylimidazol-2-yl and 2,4-dichlorophenyl groups respectively.		2.0810aminopyridine;
aminopyrimidine;
cyanopyridine;
diamine;
dichlorobenzene;
imidazoles;
secondary amino compound		EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor
sb 525334
6-(2-tert-butyl-5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)quinoxaline: a TGF-betaR kinase inhibitor		2.0810quinoxaline derivative
medigoxin
spirotetramat: for the control of a broad spectrum of sucking insects; structure in first source. spirotetramat : An azaspiro compound that is methoxycyclohexane which is fused at position 4 to the 5-position of a 1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one that is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by 2,5-dimethylphenyl and (ethoxycarbonyl)oxy groups, respectively (the cis isomer). It is a proinsecticide (via hydrolysis of the ethyl carbonate group to give the corresponding 4-hydroxypyrrol-2-one, "spirotetramat-enol") and is used for the control of a wide range of sucking insects on fruit and potato crops.		2.1510
adociasulfate-2
adociasulfate-2: inhibits kinesin ATPase; from marine sponge Haliclona (also known as Adocia) sp.; structure in first source		3.1810
way-362450
[no description available]		2.0810indoles
masitinib
[no description available]		2.08101,3-thiazoles;
benzamides;
N-alkylpiperazine;
pyridines		antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
bx795
BX795: structure in first source		2.0810ureas
candicidin
Candicidin: Mixture of antifungal heptaene macrolides from Streptomyces griseus or Actinomyces levoris used topically in candidiasis. The antibiotic complex is composed of candicidins A, B, C, and D, of which D is the major component.. candicidin D : A 38-membered ring lactone containing seven (E)-double bonds between positions 22 and 35 and substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11, 13, 17 and 19, oxo groups at positions 3, 7 and 15, a carboxy group at position 18, a 3-amino-3,6-dideoxymannopyranosyloxy group at position 21, a methyl group at position 36 and a 7-(4-aminophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-methyl-7-oxoheptan-2-yl group at position 37. It is the major component of candicidin, a mixture of antifungal heptaene macrolides obtained from a strain of Streptomyces griseus.. candicidin : A mixture of the antifungal heptaene macrolides obtained from a strain of Streptomyces griseus. It is composed of candicidins A, B, C and D, with candicidin D being the major component. Candicidin is active against some fungi of the genus Candida, and has been used in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis.		2.2110macrolide antibiotic;
polyene antibiotic		antifungal drug;
bacterial metabolite
terpendole e
terpendole E: structure in first source		3.1810organic heterotricyclic compound;
organooxygen compound
octyl caffeate
octyl caffeate: an antioxidant; structure in first source		2.1110
pazopanib
pazopanib: a protein kinase inhibitor. pazopanib : A pyrimidine that is 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl}amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide substituted at position 4 by a (2,3-dimethylindazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of kidney cancer.		2.0810aminopyrimidine;
indazoles;
sulfonamide		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
sepantronium
sepantronium: a survivin suppressant with antineoplastic activity. sepantronium : An organic cation that is 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-methyl-1H-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazole-4,9-dione in which the nitrogen at position 3 of the napthoimidazole moiety has been alkylated by a pyrazin-2-ylmethyl group.		2.0810organic cation
azd 6244
AZD 6244: a MEK inhibitor		2.7630benzimidazoles;
bromobenzenes;
hydroxamic acid ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
1-(2-(1-adamantyl)ethyl)-1-pentyl-3-(3-(4-pyridyl)propyl)urea
1-(2-(1-adamantyl)ethyl)-1-pentyl-3-(3-(4-pyridyl)propyl)urea: structure in first source		2.0810
N-(3-cyanophenyl)-2'-methyl-5'-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)biphenyl-4-carboxamide
N-(3-cyanophenyl)-2'-methyl-5'-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)biphenyl-4-carboxamide : A member of the class of biphenyls that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2'-methyl-5'-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 3-cyanoaniline.		2.08101,3,4-oxadiazoles;
benzamides;
biphenyls;
nitrile		EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
ar c155858
AR C155858: an MCT1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810
carmine
carminic acid : A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 1,3,4,6-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by a methyl group at position 8, a carboxy group at position 7 and a 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol moiety at position 2 via a C-glycosidic linkage. It is a natural dye isolated from several insects such as Dactylopius coccus.		2.0710C-glycosyl compound;
monocarboxylic acid;
tetrahydroxyanthraquinone		animal metabolite;
histological dye
aee 788
AEE 788: structure in first source		2.08106-{4-[(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]phenyl}-N-(1-phenylethyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amineangiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist;
trypanocidal drug
saracatinib
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
diether;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
oxanes;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
radiosensitizing agent
sd-208
[no description available]		2.0810
demethylzeylasteral
demethylzeylasteral: a phenolic nortriterpene; isolated from the root cortex of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook f.. demethylzeylasteral : A carbopolycyclic compound with formula C29H36O6, originally isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii.		2.0110arenecarbaldehyde;
benzenediols;
carbopolycyclic compound;
cyclic ketone;
enone;
oxo monocarboxylic acid		anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 2.4.1.17 (glucuronosyltransferase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
nephroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
bavachinin
bavachinin: do not confuse with bavachin		2.0710flavanones
vx 702
VX 702: a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor		2.0810phenylpyridine
cryptocaryone
cryptocaryone: inhibitor of the NF-kappaB activation pathway from Cryptocarya rugulosa; structure in first source		2.1310benzofurans
triptohypol C
triptohypol C : A pentacyclic triterpenoid with formula C29H40O4, originally isolated from the root bark of Tripterygium regelii.		2.2110benzenediols;
monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
volasertib
BI 6727: a polo-like kinase inhibitor with broad antitumor activity; structure in first source		2.0810
PB28
PB28 : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin that is substituted by 3-(4-cyclohexylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl and methoxy groups at positions 1 and 5, respectively. It is a sigma 2 (sigma2) receptor agonist (Ki = 0.68 nM) and exhibits antineoplastic and anti SARS-CoV-2 activities.		2.0810aromatic ether;
piperazines;
tetralins		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
sigma-2 receptor agonist
3-dihydroxy-6-methyl-7-(phenylmethyl)-4-propylnaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid
3-dihydroxy-6-methyl-7-(phenylmethyl)-4-propylnaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid: inhibits lactate dehydrogenase A		3.2310
vinflunine
vinflunine: inhibits tubulin assembly; structure in first source. vinflunine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound and an organic heterotetracyclic compound that is vinorelbine in which the tetrahydropyridine moiety of the heterotetracyclic part of the molecule has been redced to the corresponding piperidine, and in which the ethyl group attached to this ring has been replaced by a 1,1-difluoroethyl group.		2.0510acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
semisynthetic derivative;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent
baci-im
[no description available]		2.0510homodetic cyclic peptide;
polypeptide;
zwitterion		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent
ucn 1028 c
calphostin C: structure given in first source; isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides		1.9810
grayanotoxin iii
grayanotoxin III: from leaves of Leucothoe grayana (Ericaceae); RN refers to (3beta,6beta,14R)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.0710
azd 7762
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic amide;
thiophenes
krp-203
[no description available]		2.0810
mk 0354
[no description available]		2.0810
regorafenib
[no description available]		2.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
pyridinecarboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
acetic acid 2-[4-methyl-8-(4-morpholinylsulfonyl)-1,3-dioxo-2-pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinolinyl]ethyl ester
[no description available]		2.0810pyrroloquinoline
6-[[5-fluoro-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyanilino)-4-pyrimidinyl]amino]-2,2-dimethyl-4H-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazin-3-one
[no description available]		2.0810methoxybenzenes;
substituted aniline
abt-737
[no description available]		12.43270aromatic amine;
aryl sulfide;
biphenyls;
C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitor
brivanib
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic ether;
diether;
fluoroindole;
pyrrolotriazine;
secondary alcohol		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
fibroblast growth factor receptor antagonist
icg 001
[no description available]		2.0810peptide
mp470
[no description available]		2.0810N-arylpiperazine
nu 7441
8-dibenzothiophen-4-yl-2-morpholin-4-yl-chromen-4-one: structure in first source		2.0810dibenzothiophenes
at 7519
4-(2,6-dichlorobenzamido)-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-pyrazole-3-carboxamide : A member of the class of pryrazoles that is 4-amino-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid in which the primary amino group has been acylated by a 2,6-dichlorobenzoyl group and in which the carboxylic acid has been converted into a carboxamide by formal condensation with the primary amino group of 4-aminopiperidine.		2.0810dichlorobenzene;
piperidines;
pyrazoles;
secondary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
bi 2536
[no description available]		2.0810
Dihydrotanshinone I
dihydrotanshinone I: extracted from Radix Salviae		2.5220abietane diterpenoidanticoronaviral agent
nutlin-3a
nutlin 3: an MDM2 antagonist; structure in first source		2.1310stilbenoid
danusertib
[no description available]		2.0810piperazines
N-[4-(2-tert-butylphenyl)sulfonylphenyl]-2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-[(2-propan-2-ylphenyl)methyl]benzamide
[no description available]		2.7430benzamides
N-[5-[[5-[(4-acetyl-1-piperazinyl)-oxomethyl]-4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl]thio]-2-thiazolyl]-4-[(3,3-dimethylbutan-2-ylamino)methyl]benzamide
[no description available]		2.0810benzamides
abt 869
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic amine;
indazoles;
phenylureas		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
dorsomorphin
dorsomorphin: an AMPK inhibitor. dorsomorphin : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine which is substituted at positions 3 and 6 by pyridin-4-yl and p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]phenyl groups, respectively. It is a potent, selective, reversible, and ATP-competitive inhibitor of AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase, EC 2.7.11.31) and a selective inhibitor of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling.		2.0810aromatic ether;
piperidines;
pyrazolopyrimidine;
pyridines		bone morphogenetic protein receptor antagonist;
EC 2.7.11.31 {[hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase} inhibitor
ac 261066
[no description available]		2.0810
carfilzomib
[no description available]		2.0810epoxide;
morpholines;
tetrapeptide		antineoplastic agent;
proteasome inhibitor
cyantraniliprole
cyantraniliprole: an insecticide; structure in first source. cyantraniliprole : A carboxamide that is chlorantraniliprole in which the chlorine atom attached to the phenyl ring has been replaced by a cyano group. A ryanodine receptor agonist, it is used as insecticide for the control of whitefly, thrips, aphids, fruitflies, and fruit worms in crops such as onions, potatoes and tomatoes. It is highly toxic to honeybees.		2.610nitrile;
organobromine compound;
organochlorine compound;
pyrazole insecticide;
pyridines;
secondary carboxamide		ryanodine receptor agonist
gw9508
GW9508: structure in first source		2.0810aromatic amine
jnj 26854165
[no description available]		2.0810
pf 573228
6-(4-(3-(methylsulfonyl)benzylamino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one: structure in first source		2.0810quinolines
gw 2580
5-(3-methoxy-4-((4-methoxybenzyl)oxy)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine: a cFMS kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810
idelalisib
idelalisib: an antineoplastic agent and p110delta inhibitor; structure in first source. idelalisib : A member of the class of quinazolines that is 5-fluoro-3-phenylquinazolin-4-one in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a (1S)-1-(3H-purin-6-ylamino)propyl group. used for for the treatment of refractory indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia.		2.0810aromatic amine;
organofluorine compound;
purines;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
crizotinib
Crizotinib: A piperidine and aminopyridine derivative that acts as an inhibitor of RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES, including ANAPLASTIC LYMPHOMA KINASE (ALK) and HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR (HGFR; c-Met). It is used in the treatment of NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. crizotinib : A 3-[1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]-5-[1-(piperidin-4-yl)pyrazol-4-yl]pyridin-2-amine that has R configuration at the chiral centre. The active enantiomer, it acts as a kinase inhibitor and is used for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)		2.08103-[1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]-5-[1-(piperidin-4-yl)pyrazol-4-yl]pyridin-2-amineantineoplastic agent;
biomarker;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
5-(5,6-dimethoxy-1-benzimidazolyl)-3-[(2-methylsulfonylphenyl)methoxy]-2-thiophenecarbonitrile
[no description available]		2.0810benzimidazoles
4-[2-(2-chloro-4-fluoroanilino)-5-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl]-N-[(1S)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide
Vx-11e: ERK1-2 inhibitor		2.0810aromatic amide;
heteroarene
osi 906
[no description available]		2.0810cyclobutanes;
quinolines
ly2109761
[no description available]		2.0810
chir-265
[no description available]		2.0810aromatic ether
motesanib
[no description available]		2.0810pyridinecarboxamide
az-628
AZ-628: a multikinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810benzamides
phytic acid
inositol pentaphosphate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0310inositol phosphate
trametinib
[no description available]		2.0810acetamides;
aromatic amine;
cyclopropanes;
organofluorine compound;
organoiodine compound;
pyridopyrimidine;
ring assembly		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
pf-562,271
[no description available]		2.0810indoles
palmitoylcarnitine
Palmitoylcarnitine: A long-chain fatty acid ester of carnitine which facilitates the transfer of long-chain fatty acids from cytoplasm into mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.. O-palmitoyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine in which the acyl group is specified as palmitoyl (hexadecanoyl).		2.3820O-palmitoylcarnitine;
saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine		EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
calcimycin
Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.		8.68100benzoxazole
veliparib
[no description available]		2.0810benzimidazolesEC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
ku-0060648
[no description available]		2.0810dibenzothiophenes
cinobufagin
cinobufagin: isolated from Chinese medicinal preparation ch'an su; derived from toad venom		2.5120steroid lactone
dactolisib
dactolisib: antineoplastic agent that inhibits both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mTOR. dactolisib : An imidazoquinoline that is 3-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline substituted at position 1 by a 4-(1-cyanoisopropyl)phenyl group and at position 8 by a quinolin-3-yl group. A dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor used in cancer treatment.		2.0810imidazoquinoline;
nitrile;
quinolines;
ring assembly;
ureas		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
mTOR inhibitor
pituitrin
Pituitrin: A substance or extract from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR).		1.9710
palomid 529
[no description available]		2.0810
pf 03491390
[no description available]		2.0510
gedunin
[no description available]		2.2110acetate ester;
enone;
epoxide;
furans;
lactone;
limonoid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
plant metabolite
atropine sulfate
[no description available]		2.0710
cannogenin thevetoside
cannogenin thevetoside: from Thevetia neriifolia; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search CARDENOLIDES (77-84), CARDANOLIDES (75-76); RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer		2.0710cardenolide glycoside
acid phosphatase
Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.		2.6730
erythrosine
Erythrosine: A tetraiodofluorescein used as a red coloring in some foods (cherries, fish), as a disclosure of DENTAL PLAQUE, and as a stain of some cell types. It has structural similarity to THYROXINE.. erythrosin B : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of 2-(2,4,5,7-tetraiodo-6-oxido-3-oxo-8a,10a-dihydroxanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid.		2.2110
eriodictyol 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
[no description available]		2.0710beta-D-glucoside;
flavanone glycoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavanone		plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
7-hydroxycalamenene
7-hydroxycalamenene: from Malagasy liverwort, Bazzania nitida; structure in first source		2.1110
hypocrellin a
hypocrellin A: isolated from fungus Hypocrella bambusae sacc		2.0710
tosedostat
[no description available]		2.0810carboxylic ester;
hydroxamic acid;
secondary carboxamide
nad
NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.		3.92130organophosphate oxoanioncofactor;
human metabolite;
hydrogen acceptor;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mdv 3100
[no description available]		2.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
benzamides;
imidazolidinone;
monofluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
thiocarbonyl compound		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
ku 60019
[no description available]		2.0810
gsk 461364
GSK 461364: an antineoplastic agent that inhibits polo-like kinase 1		2.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
n-(3,4-difluoro-2-(2-fluoro-4-iodophenylamino)-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)cyclopropane-1-sulfonamide
N-(3,4-difluoro-2-(2-fluoro-4-iodophenylamino)-6-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)cyclopropane-1-sulfonamide: a MEK inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810
nvp-tae684
[no description available]		2.0810piperidines
amodiaquine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510
cytochrome c-t
Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.		3.83110
4-methyl-3-(2-(2-morpholinoethylamino)quinazolin-6-yl)-n-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)benzamide
4-methyl-3-(2-(2-morpholinoethylamino)quinazolin-6-yl)-N-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)benzamide: structure in first source		2.0810
gsk 269962a
[no description available]		2.0810
atrial natriuretic factor
Atrial Natriuretic Factor: A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.		1.9710polypeptide
tannins
gallotannin : A class of hydrolysable tannins obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (and its polymeric derivatives) with the hydroxy groups of a monosaccharide (most commonly glucose).		2.5120tannin
enfuvirtide
Enfuvirtide: A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide that corresponds to the heptad repeat sequence of HIV-1 gp41. It blocks HIV cell fusion and viral entry and is used with other anti-retrovirals for combination therapy of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. enfuvirtide : A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide consisting of N-acetyltyrosyl, threonyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, histidyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, seryl, glutaminyl, asparaginyl, glutaminyl, glutaminyl, alpha-glutamyl, lysyl, asparaginyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, leucyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, alpha-aspartyl, lysyl, tryptophyl, alanyl, seryl, leucyl, tryptophyl, asparaginyl, tryptophyl, and phenylalaninamide residues joined in sequence. An HIV fusion inhibitor, it was the first of a novel class of antiretroviral drugs used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It interferes with entry of HIV into cells by binding to the gp41 sub-unit of the viral envelope glycoprotein, so inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes.		2.5220
gramicidin a
Gramicidin: A group of peptide antibiotics from BACILLUS brevis. Gramicidin C or S is a cyclic, ten-amino acid polypeptide and gramicidins A, B, D are linear. Gramicidin is one of the two principal components of TYROTHRICIN.		1.9810
tannins
Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing.		6.2190
oligonucleotides
[no description available]		1.9810
cellulose
DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.		1.9710glycoside
quercetin
[no description available]		2.1110
phosphatidylcholines
Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.		2.36201,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
a-83-01
A-83-01: an ALK-5 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810
3-[(1-methyl-3-indolyl)methylidene]-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-2-one
[no description available]		2.0810indoles
vx-770
ivacaftor: a CFTR potentiator; structure in first source. ivacaftor : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 5-amino-2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. Used for the treatment of cystic fibrosis.		2.0810aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
phenols;
quinolone		CFTR potentiator;
orphan drug
buparlisib
NVP-BKM120: a pan class I PI3 kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.0810aminopyridine;
aminopyrimidine;
morpholines;
organofluorine compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
azd 1480
[no description available]		2.0810
thimerosal
Thimerosal: An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.. thimerosal : An alkylmercury compound (approximately 49% mercury by weight) used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent.		2.6630alkylmercury compoundantifungal drug;
antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
drug allergen
fedratinib
fedratinib: a selective small-molecule inhibitor of JAK2		2.0810sulfonamide
gsk690693
[no description available]		2.08101,2,5-oxadiazole;
acetylenic compound;
aromatic amine;
aromatic ether;
imidazopyridine;
piperidines;
primary amino compound;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
cnf 2024
[no description available]		2.08102-aminopurines;
aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
pyridines		antineoplastic agent;
Hsp90 inhibitor
ku 0063794
Ku 0063794: an mTOR inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810benzyl alcohols;
monomethoxybenzene;
morpholines;
pyridopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
mTOR inhibitor
azd 7545
AZD 7545: an anilide tertiary carbinol; a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 inhibitor. AZD7545 : A sulfone that is benzene substituted by [4-(dimethylcarbamoyl)phenyl]sulfonyl, chloro and [(2R)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl]amino groups at positions 1, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a potent and non-ATP-competitive inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDHK2) with IC50 of 6.4 nM and exhibits glucose-lowering activity. Also inhibits PDHK1 at higher levels (IC50 = 36.8 nM).		2.0810benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
secondary carboxamide;
sulfone;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary carboxamide		EC 2.7.11.2 - [pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
nutlin-3b
[no description available]		2.0810Nutlin;
piperazinone		anticoronaviral agent
sodium salicylate
[no description available]		1.9610organic molecular entity
dihydrorobinetin
dihydrorobinetin: structure in first source		2.0710
pf 04217903
[no description available]		2.0810quinolines
gdc 0941
pictrelisib : A sulfonamide composed of indazole, morpholine, and methylsulfonyl-substituted piperazine rings bound to a thienopyrimidine ring.		2.0810indazoles;
morpholines;
piperazines;
sulfonamide;
thienopyrimidine		EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
sm 164
SM 164: a bivalent Smac mimetic with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.0810benzenes;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary carboxamide;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
radiosensitizing agent
alcaftadine
alcaftadine : An imidazobenzazepine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-imidazo[2,1-b][3]benzazepine substituted at position 3 by a formyl group and at position 11 by a 1-methylpiperidin-4-ylidene group. An antihistamine used for treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.		3.3510aldehyde;
imidazobenzazepine;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
calpain
Calpain: Cysteine proteinase found in many tissues. Hydrolyzes a variety of endogenous proteins including NEUROPEPTIDES; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; proteins from SMOOTH MUSCLE; CARDIAC MUSCLE; liver; platelets; and erythrocytes. Two subclasses having high and low calcium sensitivity are known. Removes Z-discs and M-lines from myofibrils. Activates phosphorylase kinase and cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.22.4.		2.0410
cedrelone
cedrelone: from Toona ciliata; structure in first source		2.2110limonoid
chitosan
[no description available]		2.4920
ph 797804
PH 797804: an NSAID; structure in first source. PH 797804 : A member of the class of benzamides obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-{3-bromo-4-[(2,4-difluorobenzyl)oxy]-6-methyl-2-oxopyridin-1-yl}-4-methylbenzoic acid with the amino group of methylamine.		2.0810aromatic ether;
benzamides;
organobromine compound;
organofluorine compound;
pyridone		anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
pha 408
PHA 408: an IKK-2 antagonist; structure in first source		2.0810
s-nitro-n-acetylpenicillamine
S-nitro-N-acetylpenicillamine: a NO donor		210
gsk 1016790a
GSK1016790A : A tertiary carboxamide that is piperazine in which one of the amino groups has undergone condensation with the carboxy group of N-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-L-serine, while the other has undergone condensation with the carboxy group of N-(1-benzothiophen-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-leucine. It is a cell-permeable, potent and selective agonist of the TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) channel.		2.08101-benzothiophenes;
aromatic primary alcohol;
dichlorobenzene;
N-acylpiperazine;
sulfonamide;
tertiary carboxamide		TRPV4 agonist
mesna
Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.		2.0510organosulfonic acid
bucladesine
Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP.		2.89403',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide
cerivastatin sodium
cerivastatin sodium : The sodium salt of cerivastatin. Formerly used to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.		2.0510organic sodium salt;
statin (synthetic)
monensin
[no description available]		2.4720
oxacillin sodium
[no description available]		2.0510organic sodium salt
tanshinone ii a sodium sulfonate
tanshinone II A sodium sulfonate: has cardioprotective activity; water-soluble derivative of tanshinone II A; isolated from Salvia militiorrhiza; relieves anginal pain; structure		2.2110
sodium diatrizoate
histopaque: used for separating mononuclear & other cells. sodium amidotrizoate : The sodium salt of a benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, often as a mixture with the meglumine salt, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.		2.0510organic sodium salt;
organoiodine compound		radioopaque medium
arginine
Teniposide: A semisynthetic derivative of PODOPHYLLOTOXIN that exhibits antitumor activity. Teniposide inhibits DNA synthesis by forming a complex with topoisomerase II and DNA. This complex induces breaks in double stranded DNA and prevents repair by topoisomerase II binding. Accumulated breaks in DNA prevent cells from entering into the mitotic phase of the cell cycle, and lead to cell death. Teniposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cycle.. teniposide : A furonaphthodioxole that is a synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin with anti-tumour activity; causes single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA and DNA-protein cross-links and prevents repair by topoisomerase II binding.		2.0710
olaparib
[no description available]		2.0810cyclopropanes;
monofluorobenzenes;
N-acylpiperazine;
phthalazines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor
srt1720
[no description available]		2.0810
plx 4720
PLX 4720: a B-Raf(V600E) kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810aromatic ketone;
difluorobenzene;
organochlorine compound;
pyrrolopyridine;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
B-Raf inhibitor
methyl jasmonate
[no description available]		2.0210
cx 4945
[no description available]		2.0810
cudc 101
7-(4-(3-ethynylphenylamino)-7-methoxyquinazolin-6-yloxy)-N-hydroxyheptanamide: a histone deacetylase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810
mln 8237
MLN 8237: an aurora kinase A inhibitor		2.0810benzazepine
lde225
sonidegib: specific Smoothened/Smo antagonist. sonidegib : A member of the classo of biphenyls that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-methyl-4'-(trifluoromethoxy)[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 6-(2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl)pyridin-3-amine. Used (as its phosphate salt) for treatment of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma.		2.0810aminopyridine;
aromatic ether;
benzamides;
biphenyls;
morpholines;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor;
SMO receptor antagonist
gdc 0449
HhAntag691: inhibits the hedgehog pathway and ABC transporters; has antineoplastic activity		2.0810benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
sulfone		antineoplastic agent;
Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor;
SMO receptor antagonist;
teratogenic agent
sgx 523
[no description available]		2.0810aryl sulfide;
biaryl;
pyrazoles;
quinolines;
triazolopyridazine		c-Met tyrosine kinase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent
bms 777607
N-(4-(2-amino-3-chloropyridin-4-yloxy)-3-fluorophenyl)-4-ethoxy-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide: a Met kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810aromatic amide
sgi 1776
SGI 1776: a Pim kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810imidazoles
marinopyrrole a
marinopyrrole A: antibiotic from a marine Streptomyces sp.; structure in first source. (-)-marinopyrrole A : A member of the class of pyrroles that is 1'H-1,3'-bipyrrole substituted by four chloro groups at positions 4, 4', 5 and 5' and two 2-hydroxybenzoyl moieties at positions 2 and 2'. It is isolated from Streptomyces sp.CNQ-418 and exhibits cytotoxic and antibacterial activities.		4.2720aromatic ketone;
organochlorine compound;
phenols;
pyrroles		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
marine metabolite
delanzomib
[no description available]		3.1510C-terminal boronic acid peptide;
phenylpyridine;
secondary alcohol;
threonine derivative		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
proteasome inhibitor
pci 32765
ibrutinib: a Btk protein inhibitor. ibrutinib : A member of the class of acrylamides that is (3R)-3-[4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine in which the piperidine nitrogen is replaced by an acryloyl group. A selective and covalent inhibitor of the enzyme Bruton's tyrosine kinase, it is used for treatment of B-cell malignancies.		2.0810acrylamides;
aromatic amine;
aromatic ether;
N-acylpiperidine;
pyrazolopyrimidine;
tertiary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
ponatinib
[no description available]		7.5520(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
acetylenic compound;
benzamides;
imidazopyridazine;
N-methylpiperazine		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amg 900
N-(4-((3-(2-amino-4-pyrimidinyl)-2-pyridinyl)oxy)phenyl)-4-(4-methyl-2-thienyl)-1-phthalazinamine: a pan-aurora kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810
mk-1775
adavosertib: a Wee1 kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		3.6420piperazines
sgi-1027
SGI-1027: inhibits DNA methyltransferase 1; structure in first source		2.3110
bag956
BAG956: an imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline; dual PI3K/PDK-1 inhibitor, used in antileukemic therapies		2.0810
quizartinib
[no description available]		3.5720benzoimidazothiazole;
isoxazoles;
morpholines;
phenylureas		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
necroptosis inhibitor
N-[4-[3-[[[7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl]amino]-oxomethyl]-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl]carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
CAY10603: a HDAC6 inhibitor		2.0810carbamate ester
tak 733
[no description available]		2.0810
mk 2206
MK 2206: a protein kinase inhibitor and antineoplastic agent		2.0810organic heterotricyclic compoundEC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
navitoclax
[no description available]		6.94140aryl sulfide;
monochlorobenzenes;
morpholines;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
organofluorine compound;
piperazines;
secondary amino compound;
sulfone;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitor
sns 314
SNS 314: an aurora kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810ureas
jzl 184
JZL 184: inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase; structure in first source		2.0810benzodioxoles
egg white
Egg White: The white of an egg, especially a chicken's egg, used in cooking. It contains albumin. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)		1.9710
n-(cyanomethyl)-4-(2-((4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)benzamide
N-(cyanomethyl)-4-(2-((4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)benzamide: a Janus kinase 1 and Janus kinase 2 inhibitor; structure in first source. momelotinib : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-{2-[4-(morpholin-4-yl)anilino]pyrimidin-4-yl}benzoic acid with the primary amino group of aminoacetonitrile. It is an ATP-competitive JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor with IC50 of 11 nM and 18 nM, respectively. Used for the treatment of patients with intermediate- or high-risk myelofibrosis.		2.0810aminopyrimidine;
benzamides;
morpholines;
nitrile;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-anaemic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
dcc-2036
rebastinib: an inhibitor of Tie2 tyrosine kinase receptor and antineoplastic agent		2.0810organofluorine compound;
phenylureas;
pyrazoles;
pyridinecarboxamide;
quinolines		tyrosine kinase inhibitor
ethyl 2-amino-6-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4h-chromene-3-carboxylate
ethyl 2-amino-6-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		2.0510
cabozantinib
cabozantinib: a multikinase inhibitor. cabozantinib : A dicarboxylic acid diamide that is N-phenyl-N'-(4-fluorophenyl)cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the phenyl ring is substituted by a (6,7-dimethoxyquinolin-4-yl)oxy group. A multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, used (as its malate salt) for the treatment of progressive, metastatic, medullary thyroid cancer.		2.0810aromatic ether;
dicarboxylic acid diamide;
organofluorine compound;
quinolines		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
N-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-5-[3-[2-[5-ethyl-2-methoxy-4-[4-(4-methylsulfonyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-piperidinyl]anilino]-4-pyrimidinyl]-2-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyl]-2-methoxybenzamide
[no description available]		2.0810benzamides
incb-018424
[no description available]		2.0810nitrile;
pyrazoles;
pyrrolopyrimidine		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
bix 01294
[no description available]		2.0810piperidines
pf 3845
PF 3845: inhibits fatty acid amide hydrolase		2.0810piperidines
gsk 2126458
omipalisib: inhibitor of mTOR protein. omipalisib : A member of the class of quinolines that is quinoline which is substituted by pyridazin-4-yl and 5-[(2,4-difluorobenzene-1-sulfonyl)amino]-6-methoxypyridin-3-yl groups at positions 4 and 6, respectively. It is a highly potent inhibitor of PI3K and mTOR developed by GlaxoSmithKline and was previously in human phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and solid tumors.		2.0810aromatic ether;
difluorobenzene;
pyridazines;
pyridines;
quinolines;
sulfonamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inducer;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
mTOR inhibitor;
radiosensitizing agent
ixazomib
ixazomib: a proteasome inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; MLN2238 is the biologically active form of MLN9708; structure in first source. ixazomib : A glycine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-(2,5-dichlorobenzoyl)glycine with the amino group of [(1R)-1-amino-3-methylbutyl]boronic acid. The active metabolite of ixazomib citrate, it is used in combination therapy for treatment of multiple myeloma.		2.4920benzamides;
boronic acids;
dichlorobenzene;
glycine derivative		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite;
orphan drug;
proteasome inhibitor
ldn 193189
LDN 193189: inhibits bone morphogenetic protein signaling		2.0810pyrimidines
plx4032
[no description available]		2.8330aromatic ketone;
difluorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrrolopyridine;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
B-Raf inhibitor
(2S)-2-[[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5-yloxy)-9-[(4-phenylphenyl)methyl]-6-purinyl]amino]-3-phenyl-1-propanol
[no description available]		2.0810biphenyls
gsk 1363089
GSK 1363089: a multikinase inhibitor that acts on Met, RON, Axl, and VEGFR; structure in first source		2.0810aromatic ether
triiodothyronine, reverse
Triiodothyronine, Reverse: A metabolite of THYROXINE, formed by the peripheral enzymatic monodeiodination of T4 at the 5 position of the inner ring of the iodothyronine nucleus.. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine zwitterion : Zwitterionic form of 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine.		2.38203,3',5'-triiodothyronine;
amino acid zwitterion
kin-193
[no description available]		2.0810pyridopyrimidine
mlck peptide
MLCK peptide: amino acid sequence given in first source; synthetic peptide corresponding to the sequence of calmodulin-binding domain of skeletal muscle myosin light chain kinase which acts as calmodulin antagonist		2.0310
bay 869766
[no description available]		2.0810
4-[6-[4-(methoxycarbonylamino)phenyl]-4-(4-morpholinyl)-1-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinyl]-1-piperidinecarboxylic acid methyl ester
WYE-354: an mTOR inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810carbamate ester
arry 520
filanesib: a kinesin spindle protein inhibitor		3.1810
piperidines
Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.		3.5320
6-[(3-aminophenyl)methyl]-4-methyl-2-methylsulfinyl-5-thieno[3,4]pyrrolo[1,3-d]pyridazinone
ML-265: a small molecule activator of PKM2		2.0810organic heterobicyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
organosulfur heterocyclic compound
interleukin-8
Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.		2.2510
laherradurin
laherradurin: structure in first source		2.0410
3-[[4-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-ylsulfonyl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl]sulfonyl]aniline
[no description available]		2.0810benzenes;
sulfonamide
cp 466722
[no description available]		3.6420quinazolines
CAY10626
[no description available]		2.0810ureas
thiopental sodium
[no description available]		2.0810organochlorine compound;
piperazines;
pyrimidines		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
glucopiericidin a
glucopiericidin A: from Streptomyces pactum S48727 as co-metabolite of piericidin A(1); structure given in first source; glycoside antibiotic		2.1310
(E,E)-1-bromo-2,5-bis-(4-hydroxystyryl)benzene
(E,E)-1-bromo-2,5-bis-(4-hydroxystyryl)benzene : An organobromine compound that is bromobenzene in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by 4-hydroxystyryl groups.		2.2110organobromine compound;
polyphenol		fluorescent dye
gx 15-070
obatoclax: a pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor potentially useful in treating mantle cell lymphoma		6.34100
aplysiatoxin
aplysiatoxin: structure. aplysiatoxin : The parent member of the class of aplysiatoxins. It is a cyanotoxin produced by several species of freshwater and marine cyanobacteria, as well as algae and molluscs.		1.9710aplysiatoxins;
bromophenol;
cyclic hemiketal;
ether;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
spiroketal		algal metabolite;
carcinogenic agent;
cyanotoxin;
marine metabolite;
protein kinase C agonist
endrin
Endrin: An organochlorine compound that was formerly used as an insecticide. Its manufacture and use has been discontinued in the United States. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). endrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the epoxidation of the double bond of isodrin. It is the endo, endo stereoisomer of dieldrin. It is an insecticide mainly used on field crops such as cotton and grains and has also been used as a rodenticide to control mice and voles. The product is banned in many countries since it is a persistent organic pollutant.		1.9510
pha 793887
[no description available]		2.0810piperidinecarboxamide
nvp-bsk805
[no description available]		2.0810
wzb117
WZB117: structure in first source		2.1310
xmd 8-92
XMD8-92 : A dimethylpyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]benzodiazepin-6-one carrying at C-2 on the pyrimidine ring a [2-ethoxy-4-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)phenyl]amino substituent. It is an inhibitor of the BMK1 kinase pathway.		2.0810pyrimidobenzodiazepineprotein kinase inhibitor
jq1 compound
[no description available]		2.0810carboxylic ester;
organochlorine compound;
tert-butyl ester;
thienotriazolodiazepine		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
ferroptosis inducer
jnj38877605
[no description available]		2.0810quinolines
N-[3-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-c]pyrrol-2-yl]acetamide
[no description available]		2.0810benzothiazoles
dinaciclib
[no description available]		3.3510pyrazolopyrimidine
torin 1
torin 1 : A member of the class of pyridoquinolines that is 9-(quinolin-3-yl)benzo[h][1,6]naphthyridin-2-one bearing an additional 4-(4-propionylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent at position 1. It is a potent inhibitor of mTOR and exhibits anti-cancer properties.		2.0810N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridoquinoline;
quinolines		antineoplastic agent;
mTOR inhibitor
abt-199
venetoclax: A BCL-2 inhibitor with antineoplastic activity that is used in the treatment of CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA associated with chromosome 17p deletion; structure in first source.. venetoclax : A member of the class of pyrrolopyridines that is a potent inhibitor of the antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2. It is used for treamtment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with 17p deletion.		5.8480aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
oxanes;
pyrrolopyridine		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitor
ly2940680
[no description available]		2.0810
1-[4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-(5-pyridin-4-yl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)urea
[no description available]		2.0810ureas
ro 4929097
[no description available]		2.0810dibenzoazepine;
dicarboxylic acid diamide;
lactam;
organofluorine compound		EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor
gsk4112
GSK4112: a Rev-erbalpha agonist; structure in first source		2.0810
methylcellulose
Methylcellulose: Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.		1.9410
methyl 1-hydroxy-6-phenyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1h-indole-2-carboxylate
methyl 1-hydroxy-6-phenyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylate: inhibits lactate dehydrogenase A; structure in first source		2.1310
torin 2
torin 2 : A member of the class of pyridoquinolines that is benzo[h][1,6]naphthyridin-2-one carrying additional 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and 6-aminopyridin-3-yl substituents at positions 1 and 9 respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of mTOR and exhibits anti-cancer properties.		2.0810aminopyridine;
organofluorine compound;
primary amino compound;
pyridoquinoline		antineoplastic agent;
mTOR inhibitor
pf-4708671
[no description available]		2.0810
oligomycin a
[no description available]		2.2510antibiotic antifungal agent;
diketone;
oligomycin;
pentol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.6.3.14 (H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) inhibitor;
nematicide
heme
Heme: The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.. ferroheme : Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.. ferroheme b : Heme b in which the iron has oxidation state +2.. heme : A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.		7.0210
N-[4-(1-benzoyl-4-piperidinyl)butyl]-3-(3-pyridinyl)-2-propenamide
[no description available]		2.0810benzamides;
N-acylpiperidine
2-methoxy-N-[3-[4-[3-methyl-4-[(6-methyl-3-pyridinyl)oxy]anilino]-6-quinazolinyl]prop-2-enyl]acetamide
2-methoxy-N-[3-[4-[3-methyl-4-[(6-methyl-3-pyridinyl)oxy]anilino]-6-quinazolinyl]prop-2-enyl]acetamide : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by {3-methyl-4-[(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)oxy]phenyl}amino and 3-(2-methoxyacetamido)prop-1-en-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 6, respectively.		2.0810aromatic ether;
methylpyridines;
olefinic compound;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
toluenes
belinostat
[no description available]		2.0810olefinic compound
lanthanide nitrate
[no description available]		1.9610
ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.		3.2360ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
novobiocin
Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.		7.4720carbamate ester;
ether;
hexoside;
hydroxycoumarin;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline
Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.		2.4820
chlortetracycline
Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.		2.0510
oxytetracycline, anhydrous
Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.		2.0510
minocycline
Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.		2.7730
dicumarol
Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.		2.4720hydroxycoumarinanticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
vitamin K antagonist
piroxicam
[no description available]		2.0510benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
acenocoumarol
Acenocoumarol: A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233). acenocoumarol : A hydroxycoumarin that is warfarin in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is replaced by a nitro group.		2.0510C-nitro compound;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone		anticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
mobic
Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mobiflex
tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.		2.0510heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
thienothiazine		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ethyl 1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-2(5h)-oxopyrrole-4-carboxylate
ethyl 1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-2(5H)-oxopyrrole-4-carboxylate: RN & structure given in first source		2.0810carboxylic acid;
pyrroline
warfarin
Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.		3.9840benzenes;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone
6-o-palmitoylascorbic acid
[no description available]		2.5520fatty acid ester
phenprocoumon
Phenprocoumon: Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant.. phenprocoumon : A hydroxycoumarin that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenylpropyl group.		2.0510hydroxycoumarinanticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
citrinin
Citrinin: Antibiotic and mycotoxin from Aspergillus niveus and Penicillium citrinum.		2.5220
l 701324
L 701324: a glycine/NMDA receptor antagonist		2.0310quinolines
rolitetracycline
Rolitetracycline: A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.. rolitetracycline : A derivative of tetracycline in which the amide function is substituted with a pyrrolidinomethyl group.		2.5120
teriflunomide
[no description available]		2.2110(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic amide;
enamide;
enol;
nitrile;
secondary carboxamide		drug metabolite;
EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
lornoxicam
lornoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain, primarily resulting from inflammatory diseases of the joints, osteoarthritis, surgery, sciatica and other inflammations.		2.0510heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organochlorine compound;
pyridines;
thienothiazine		antipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
vulpinic acid
vulpinic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source; vulpinic acid refers to (E)-isomer		2.0710butenolide
a 769662
[no description available]		2.0810biphenyls
epidermal growth factor
Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.		710
transforming growth factor beta
Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.		7.9440
phytoestrogens
Phytoestrogens: Compounds derived from plants, primarily ISOFLAVONES that mimic or modulate endogenous estrogens, usually by binding to ESTROGEN RECEPTORS.		3.1410
LimKi 3
LIMKi3: LIMK inhibitor. LimKi 3 : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole which is substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 3 and by a 2-(isobutyrylamino)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl group at position 5. It is a a potent cell-permeable inhibitor of LIM kinase 1 and 2.		2.08101,3-thiazoles;
dichlorobenzene;
organofluorine compound;
pyrazoles;
secondary carboxamide		LIM kinase inhibitor
1-[4-amino-7-[3-(2-methoxyethylamino)propyl]-5-(4-methylphenyl)-6-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidinyl]-2-fluoroethanone
[no description available]		2.0810pyrroles
okadaic acid
Okadaic Acid: A specific inhibitor of phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2a. It is also a potent tumor promoter. It is produced by DINOFLAGELLATES and causes diarrhetic SHELLFISH POISONING.. okadaic acid : A polycyclic ether that is produced by several species of dinoflagellates, and is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, it is one of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). It is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases and is known to have a variety of negative effects on cells.		2.4620ketal
jy-1-106
JY-1-106: a BH3 alpha-helix mimetic that functions as a pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor; structure in first source		4.2720
2-[5-[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylidene]-4-methoxy-2-pyrrolylidene]indole
[no description available]		2.0810dipyrrins
N-hydroxy-3-[4-[[2-(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethylamino]methyl]phenyl]-2-propenamide
[no description available]		2.0810tryptamines
3-[(5-tert-butyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methylidene]-6-(phenylmethylene)piperazine-2,5-dione
[no description available]		2.0810pyrazines
gsk837149a
GSK837149A: structure in first source		2.0810
N-[4-(3-chloro-4-fluoroanilino)-7-[[(3S)-3-oxolanyl]oxy]-6-quinazolinyl]-4-(dimethylamino)-2-butenamide
[no description available]		2.0810quinazolines
N-[4-(3-chloro-4-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-quinazolinyl]-4-(1-piperidinyl)-2-butenamide
[no description available]		2.0810quinazolines
wnt-c59
2-(4-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-N-(4-(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)acetamide: a PORCN acyltransferase inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0810
5-[1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-pyridin-4-yl-4-pyrazolyl]-2,3-dihydroinden-1-one oxime
[no description available]		2.0810indanes
pyrethrins
[no description available]		3.0640
bm-1197
BM-1197: inhibits both Bcl-xL and Bcl-2; has antineoplastic activity		3.3110
ajmaline
[no description available]		2.4720
a-1331852
A-1331852: a Bcl-X(L) inhibitor; structure in first source		3.3110
agar
Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.. agar : A complex mixture of polysaccharides extracted from species of red algae. Its two main components are agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is the component responsible for the high-strength gelling properties of agar, while agaropectin provides the viscous properties.		2.0810
brd4770
[no description available]		2.0810benzimidazoles
cyclin d1
Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms.		10.0391
lysophosphatidylethanolamine
lysophosphatidylethanolamine : A glycerophosphoethanolamine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylethanolamine, which removes one of the fatty acid groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R(1) = acyl, R(2) = H or where R(1) = H, R(2) = acyl.		1.9710
caseins
Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones.		2.6530
oligomycins
Oligomycins: A closely related group of toxic substances elaborated by various strains of Streptomyces. They are 26-membered macrolides with lactone moieties and double bonds and inhibit various ATPases, causing uncoupling of phosphorylation from mitochondrial respiration. Used as tools in cytochemistry. Some specific oligomycins are RUTAMYCIN, peliomycin, and botrycidin (formerly venturicidin X).		2.8940
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone: an interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like protease inhibitor		2.4420
nitrophenols
Nitrophenols: PHENOLS carrying nitro group substituents.		6.5140
hyaluronoglucosaminidase
Hyaluronoglucosaminidase: An enzyme that catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-linkages between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronate residues in hyaluronate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) There has been use as ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS to limit NEOPLASM METASTASIS.		2.6730
ginkgolide b
[no description available]		1.9710
gibberellins
[no description available]		2.3110
THZ531
THZ531: inhibits both CDK12 and CDK13; structure in first source. THZ531 : A member of the class of indoles that is 5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]pyrimidin-2-amine in which the piperidine NH group is substituted by a 4-{[(2E)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enoyl]amino}benzoyl group. It is a first-in-class CDK12 and CDK13 covalent kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 158 nM and 69 nM, respectively.		3.3510aminopyrimidine;
enamide;
indoles;
N-acylpiperidine;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
aldrin
Aldrin: A highly poisonous substance that was formerly used as an insecticide. The manufacture and use has been discontinued in the U.S. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). aldrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the Diels-Alder reaction of hexachlorocyclopentadiene with norbornadiene. A proinsecticide (by epoxidation of the non-chlorinated double bond to give dieldrin), it was widely used as an insecticide before being banned in the 1970s as a persistent organic pollutant.		2.5220
steganacin
steganacin: bisbenzocyclooctadiene lactone extract from Steganotaenia araliacea; structure		3.2110
oblimersen
oblimersen: targets the Bcl-2 oncogene good efficacy with low toxicity tumour regressions		5.3850
cyclosporine
Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).		2.0110
antipain
Antipain: An oligopeptide produced by various bacteria which acts as a protease inhibitor.		2.0710
digitonin
Digitonin: A glycoside obtained from Digitalis purpurea; the aglycone is digitogenin which is bound to five sugars. Digitonin solubilizes lipids, especially in membranes and is used as a tool in cellular biochemistry, and reagent for precipitating cholesterol. It has no cardiac effects.. digitonin : A spirostanyl glycoside that is digitogenin in which the 3-hydroxy group is substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl group. It is a steroidal saponin isolated from the foxglove plant, Digitalis purpurea. It is used extensively as a mild non-ionic detergent for extracting proteins from membranes for structure and function studies.		2.2110
entecavir
entecavir (anhydrous) : Guanine substituted at the 9 position by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl group. A synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine, it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with selective antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Entecavir is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active triphosphate form, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, the natural substrate of hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, inhibiting every stage of the enzyme's activity, although it has no activity against HIV. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.		2.05102-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
chir 258
[no description available]		2.0810
acyclovir
Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.		2.05102-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug
osi 027
OSI 027: inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2; structure in first source		2.0810
cyclic gmp
Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.		3.23603',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide;
guanyl ribonucleotide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
guanosine diphosphate
Guanosine Diphosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.		1.9810guanosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
uncoupling protein inhibitor
guanosine triphosphate
Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.		1.9610guanosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
uncoupling protein inhibitor
inosine
[no description available]		2.0510inosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
folic acid
folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.		2.0510folic acids;
N-acyl-amino acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient
3-methyladenine
N3-methyladenine: structure in first source		2.4820
rifampin
Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)		2.7330cyclic ketal;
hydrazone;
N-iminopiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative;
zwitterion		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiamoebic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antitubercular agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
leprostatic drug;
neuroprotective agent;
pregnane X receptor agonist;
protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine
Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.		2.0510benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound		adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
GABA antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
xenobiotic
dacarbazine
(E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.		2.9940dacarbazine
didanosine
Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.		2.0510purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ganciclovir
[no description available]		2.05102-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antiinfective agent;
antiviral drug
sildenafil
sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.		2.0510piperazines;
pyrazolopyrimidine;
sulfonamide		EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
olanzapine
Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.		2.0510benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
penciclovir
penciclovir : A member of the class of 2-aminopurines that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)but-1-yl group. An antiviral drug, it is administered topically for treatment of herpes labialis. A prodrug, famciclovir, is used for oral administration.		2.05102-aminopurines;
propane-1,3-diols		antiviral drug
oxypurinol
Oxypurinol: A xanthine oxidase inhibitor.. alloxanthine : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine substituted by oxo groups at positions 4 and 6.		2.420pyrazolopyrimidinedrug metabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
raltitrexed
[no description available]		2.0510N-acyl-amino acid
allopurinol
Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.		2.420nucleobase analogue;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimetabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor;
gout suppressant;
radical scavenger
hli 373
[no description available]		2.0810
leucovorin
5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.		2.0510formyltetrahydrofolic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
hematein
hematein: structure. hematein : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is -6a,7-dihydrobenzo[b]indeno[1,2-d]pyran-9-one carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 3, 4, 6a and 10.		2.6620
alanosine
[no description available]		2.0510
pemetrexed
pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).		2.0810N-acyl-L-glutamic acid;
pyrrolopyrimidine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
tirapazamine
Tirapazamine: A triazine derivative that introduces breaks into DNA strands in hypoxic cells, sensitizing tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of other drugs and radiation.. tirapazamine : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,4-benzotriazine carrying an amino substituent at position 3 and two oxido substituents at positions 1 and 4.		2.0510aromatic amine;
benzotriazines;
N-oxide		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer
sildenafil citrate
Sildenafil Citrate: A PHOSPHODIESTERASE TYPE-5 INHIBITOR; VASODILATOR AGENT and UROLOGICAL AGENT that is used in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION and PRIMARY PULMONARY HYPERTENSION.. sildenafil citrate : The citrate salt of sildenafil.		2.0810citrate saltEC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
aprepitant
Aprepitant: A morpholine neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that is used in the management of nausea and vomiting caused by DRUG THERAPY, and for the prevention of POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING.. aprepitant : A morpholine-based antiemetic, which is or the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Aprepitant is a selective high-affinity antagonist of human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors.		2.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
cyclic acetal;
morpholines;
triazoles		antidepressant;
antiemetic;
neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
substance P receptor antagonist
rifabutin
[no description available]		2.0510
xav939
XAV939: selectively inhibits beta-catenin-mediated transcription; structure in first source. XAV939 : A thiopyranopyrimidine in which a 7,8-dihydro-5H-thiopyrano[4,3-d]pyrimidine skeleton is substituted at C-4 by a hydroxy group and at C-2 by a para-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group.		2.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
thiopyranopyrimidine		tankyrase inhibitor
2-carboxyarabinitol 1-phosphate
[no description available]		2.0810
trypan blue
Trypan Blue: A diazo-naphthalene sulfonate that is widely used as a stain.. trypan blue : An organosulfonate salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid).		2.4120
nintedanib
nintedanib : A member of the class of oxindoles that is a kinase inhibitor used (in the form of its ethylsulfonate salt) for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and cancer.		2.0810
oosporein
oosporein: from Chaetomium trilaterale; found in moldy peanuts		1.9810
galloflavin
galloflavin: structure in first source		3.7820
gossylic iminolactone
gossylic iminolactone: inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type I replication; structure given in first source		4.1950
alpha-cyclopiazonic acid
[no description available]		2.0710alpha-cyclopiazonic acids
apogossypolone
apogossypolone: has antineoplastic activity; structure in first source		6.8310
imidacloprid
imidacloprid: systemic & contact insecticide exhibiting low mammalian toxicity; structure given in first source; it is one of the neonicotinoid insecticides, which acts as an antagonist by binding to postsynaptic nicotinic receptors in the insect central nervous system. imidacloprid : An imidazolidine that is N-nitroimidazolidin-2-imine bearing a (6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl substituent at position 1.		2.1710imidacloprid;
imidazolidines;
monochloropyridine		environmental contaminant;
genotoxin;
neonicotinoid insectide;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
gossylic lactone
gossylic lactone: inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type I replication; structure given in first source		4.1950
ver 52296
luminespib : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-(2,4-dihydroxy-5-isopropylphenyl)-4-[4-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)phenyl]-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of ethylamine.		2.0810aromatic amide;
isoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
morpholines;
resorcinols		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
Hsp90 inhibitor
sb-590885
N-{5-[2-{4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl}-4-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene}hydroxylamine : A ketoxime that is the oxime of indan-1-one in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by an imidazol-5-yl group which has itself been substituted at positions 2 and 4 by p-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl and pyridin-4-yl groups, respectively.		2.0810aromatic ether;
imidazoles;
ketoxime;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound
pf-477736
PF 00477736: a Chk1 inhibitor; structure in first source. PF-00477736 : A diazepinoindole that is 8-amino-4,5-dihydro-6H-[1,2]diazepino[4,5,6-cd]indol-6-one which is substituted at position 2 by a 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl group and in which the amino group at position 8 has undergone condensation with the carboxy group of (2R)-2-cyclohexylglycine to give the corresponding carboxamide. It is an inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk 1).		2.0810
fenobam
fenobam: in USAN fenobam refers to monohydrate		2.0810ureas
ridostin
ridostin: Russian drug; inhibits HIV-1 replication in MT-4 & CEM cultures		2.0810
acetylcellulose
acetylcellulose: coating compound. cellulose acetate : A glucan derivative obtained through the esterification of cellulose by acetic anhydride or acetic acid, resulting in the substitution of some of the hydroxy groups of cellulose by acetyl groups. It is used in a variety of applications including base material for photographic film, clothing, membrane filters, coatings, food packaging, and as a frame material for eyeglasses.		1.9710
concanavalin a
Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.		1.9810
leptin
Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage.		2.7530
pyrimidinones
Pyrimidinones: Heterocyclic compounds known as 2-pyrimidones (or 2-hydroxypyrimidines) and 4-pyrimidones (or 4-hydroxypyrimidines) with the general formula C4H4N2O.		1.9710
phenanthrenes
Phenanthrenes: POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS composed of three fused BENZENE rings.. phenanthrenes : Any benzenoid aromatic compound that consists of a phenanthrene skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.		4.3230
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Malignant Melanoma
[description not available]		03.7100
Melanoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)		03.7100
Leucocythaemia
[description not available]		04.73110
Leukemia
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)		04.73110
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced
[description not available]		03.1250
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.		03.1250
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		03.93120
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		03.93120
B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
[description not available]		06.79131
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell
A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same disease.		06.79131
Encephalitis, Polio
[description not available]		02.0610
Poliomyelitis
An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)		02.0610
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		010.63443
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		010.63443
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria
[description not available]		02.520
Malaria, Falciparum
Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.		02.520
Anemia, Fanconi
[description not available]		02.1310
Fanconi Anemia
Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)		02.1310
Contact Dermatitis
[description not available]		02.8940
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		06.65191
Itching
[description not available]		02.2110
Dermatitis, Contact
A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.		02.8940
Pruritus
An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.		02.2110
Congenital Zika Syndrome
[description not available]		02.9630
Zika Virus Infection
A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.		02.9630
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		04.5541
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		04.5541
Cancer of Prostate
[description not available]		08.48374
Prostatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.		08.48374
Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor
A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.		03.2160
Angiogenesis, Pathologic
[description not available]		03.6890
Necrosis
The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.		03.4270
Cancer of Pancreas
[description not available]		03.96120
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).		03.96120
Babesia Infection
[description not available]		02.4920
Bovine Diseases
[description not available]		04.6100
Break-Bone Fever
[description not available]		02.4110
Dengue
An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.		07.4110
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.		08.61531
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell of Head and Neck
[description not available]		04.921
Cancer of Head
[description not available]		06.4582
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
The most common type of head and neck carcinoma that originates from cells on the surface of the NASAL CAVITY; MOUTH; PARANASAL SINUSES, SALIVARY GLANDS, and LARYNX. Mutations in TNFRSF10B, PTEN, and ING1 genes are associated with this cancer.		04.921
Head and Neck Neoplasms
Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)		06.4582
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		04.69110
Cancer of Liver
[description not available]		04.84130
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.		04.69110
Liver Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.		04.84130
Fibroid
[description not available]		03.92130
Leiomyoma
A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue, also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle of small blood vessels in these tissues.		03.92130
Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer
[description not available]		04.7732
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such as TESTOSTERONE.		04.7732
Sterility, Male
[description not available]		08231
Infertility, Male
The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.		08231
Infections, Coronavirus
[description not available]		02.4110
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
[description not available]		03.8120
Coronavirus Infections
Virus diseases caused by the CORONAVIRUS genus. Some specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (ENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF TURKEYS); FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; and transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (GASTROENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF SWINE).		02.4110
Age-Related Memory Disorders
[description not available]		04.2190
Memory Disorders
Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.		04.2190
Astrocytoma, Grade IV
[description not available]		04.08120
Glioblastoma
A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.		04.08120
Carcinoma, Epidermoid
[description not available]		06.99103
Cancer of Skin
[description not available]		02.9830
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		06.99103
Skin Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.		02.9830
Benign Neoplasms, Brain
[description not available]		03.5270
Local Neoplasm Recurrence
[description not available]		05.6363
Brain Neoplasms
Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.		03.5270
Tetraploid
[description not available]		07.610
Blood Poisoning
[description not available]		02.610
Sepsis
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.		07.610
Acquired Form of Epidermolysis Bullosa
[description not available]		02.610
Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita
Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by trauma-induced, subepidermal blistering with no family history of the disease. Direct immunofluorescence shows IMMUNOGLOBULIN G deposited at the dermo-epidermal junction.		02.610
B-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		03.6830
Lymphoma, B-Cell
A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes.		03.6830
Cancer of Stomach
[description not available]		04.9481
Stomach Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.		04.9481
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		07.62203
Metastase
[description not available]		04.9942
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		07.62203
Neoplasm Metastasis
The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.		04.9942
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell
[description not available]		08.09125
Cancer of Ovary
[description not available]		03.6790
Adenocarcinoma
A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.		013.09125
Ovarian Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.		03.6790
Gastrointestinal Stromal Neoplasm
[description not available]		02.2510
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
All tumors in the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT arising from mesenchymal cells (MESODERM) except those of smooth muscle cells (LEIOMYOMA) or Schwann cells (SCHWANNOMA).		02.2510
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		07.3582
ER-Negative PR-Negative HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
[description not available]		02.6320
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.		02.6320
Cognitive Decline
[description not available]		02.3110
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure
[description not available]		02.4220
Cognitive Dysfunction
Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function.		02.3110
Cancer of Cervix
[description not available]		02.3110
Invasiveness, Neoplasm
[description not available]		03.0340
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.		02.3110
Cancer of Esophagus
[description not available]		04.1131
Esophageal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.		04.1131
Akinetic-Rigid Variant of Huntington Disease
[description not available]		02.4620
Huntington Disease
A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control; DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS; and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops, leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4)		02.4620
Carcinoma, Ductal, Pancreatic
[description not available]		02.3110
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal
Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.		02.3110
Carcinogenesis
The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.		02.5920
Glial Cell Tumors
[description not available]		03.3160
Glioma
Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)		03.3160
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS. Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA, KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.		02.5720
Cancer of Nasopharynx
[description not available]		03.0140
Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.		03.0140
Fibrosis, Radiation
[description not available]		02.1510
Alveolitis, Fibrosing
[description not available]		03.0540
Pulmonary Fibrosis
A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.		03.0540
Radiation Pneumonitis
Inflammation of the lung due to harmful effects of ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.		02.1510
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
[description not available]		02.8430
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.		02.8430
Adenoma, Basal Cell
[description not available]		02.1710
Cancer of Pituitary
[description not available]		02.1710
ACTH-Producing Pituitary Adenoma
[description not available]		02.1710
Adenoma
A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.		02.1710
Pituitary Neoplasms
Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.		02.1710
Hypokalemia
Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities (depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed)		09.41254
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		06.96271
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		06.96271
B16 Melanoma
[description not available]		02.7130
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		06.25121
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.		18.25121
Disease Resistance
The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants.		04.3360
Fish Diseases
Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates).		02.730
Bacterial Infections, Gram-Negative
[description not available]		02.2110
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.		02.2110
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		04.3541
Abnormalities, Autosome
[description not available]		04.3980
Age-Related Osteoporosis
[description not available]		02.2110
Osteoporosis
Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.		02.2110
Adrenocortical Carcinoma
A malignant neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX. Adrenocortical carcinomas are unencapsulated anaplastic (ANAPLASIA) masses sometimes exceeding 20 cm or 200 g. They are more likely to be functional than nonfunctional, and produce ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES that may result in hypercortisolism (CUSHING SYNDROME); HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and/or VIRILISM.		03.5911
Adrenal Cortex Cancer
[description not available]		05.7942
Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms
Tumors or cancers of the ADRENAL CORTEX.		05.7942
Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors
An internationally recognized set of published rules used for evaluation of cancer treatment that define when tumors found in cancer patients improve, worsen, or remain stable during treatment. These criteria are based specifically on the response of the tumor(s) to treatment, and not on the overall health status of the patient resulting from treatment.		03.5911
Bone Cancer
[description not available]		06.0652
Osteogenic Sarcoma
[description not available]		02.2510
Bone Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.		06.0652
Osteosarcoma
A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		02.2510
Colorectal Cancer
[description not available]		08.1750
Colorectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.		03.1750
Lung Injury, Acute
[description not available]		02.0810
Acute Lung Injury
A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological).		07.0810
Acute Disease
Disease having a short and relatively severe course.		02.7130
Kahler Disease
[description not available]		03.4370
Multiple Myeloma
A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.		03.4370
Familial Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinaemia
[description not available]		02.110
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.		02.110
Disease Exacerbation
[description not available]		03.8721
Cancer of the Tongue
[description not available]		02.110
Tongue Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.		02.110
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia
[description not available]		02.4920
Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia
[description not available]		02.110
Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute
An acute leukemia exhibiting cell features characteristic of both the myeloid and lymphoid lineages and probably arising from MULTIPOTENT STEM CELLS.		02.110
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.		02.4920
Neurilemoma
[description not available]		02.5220
Neurilemmoma
A neoplasm that arises from SCHWANN CELLS of the cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. Clinically, these tumors may present as a cranial neuropathy, abdominal or soft tissue mass, intracranial lesion, or with spinal cord compression. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, highly vascular, and composed of a homogenous pattern of biphasic fusiform-shaped cells that may have a palisaded appearance. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp964-5)		02.5220
Carcinoma, Anaplastic
[description not available]		05.0131
Experimental Neoplasms
[description not available]		03.77110
Carcinoma
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.		05.0131
Hematologic Malignancies
[description not available]		03.0110
Hematologic Neoplasms
Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.		03.0110
African Lymphoma
[description not available]		02.7930
Burkitt Lymphoma
A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.		02.7930
Age-Related Macular Degeneration
[description not available]		02.1110
Macular Degeneration
Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms.		02.1110
Bladder Cancer
[description not available]		07.4420
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.		02.4420
Cancer of Mouth
[description not available]		02.4620
Mouth Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.		02.4620
Benign Cerebellar Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.4920
Arachnoidal Cerebellar Sarcoma, Circumscribed
[description not available]		02.4920
Medulloblastoma
A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood (see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes. Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1)		02.4920
Synovioma
[description not available]		02.1110
Sarcoma, Synovial
A malignant neoplasm arising from tenosynovial tissue of the joints and in synovial cells of tendons and bursae. The legs are the most common site, but the tumor can occur in the abdominal wall and other trunk muscles. There are two recognized types: the monophasic (characterized by sheaths of monotonous spindle cells) and the biphasic (characterized by slit-like spaces or clefts within the tumor, lined by cuboidal or tall columnar epithelial cells). These sarcomas occur most commonly in the second and fourth decades of life. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1363)		02.1110
Injuries, Radiation
[description not available]		02.1110
Lymph Node Metastasis
[description not available]		05.5932
Adenocystic Carcinoma
[description not available]		02.1110
Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic
Carcinoma characterized by bands or cylinders of hyalinized or mucinous stroma separating or surrounded by nests or cords of small epithelial cells. When the cylinders occur within masses of epithelial cells, they give the tissue a perforated, sievelike, or cribriform appearance. Such tumors occur in the mammary glands, the mucous glands of the upper and lower respiratory tract, and the salivary glands. They are malignant but slow-growing, and tend to spread locally via the nerves. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.1110
Alloxan Diabetes
[description not available]		02.1310
Cirrhosis, Liver
[description not available]		02.1310
Liver Cirrhosis
Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.		02.1310
Cancer of Salivary Gland
[description not available]		02.1510
Salivary Gland Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.		02.1510
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.		02.7730
Cirrhosis
[description not available]		02.4320
Fibrosis
Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.		02.4320
Neutropenia
A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.		04.8121
Germinoblastoma
[description not available]		04.7770
Lymphoma
A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.		04.7770
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		02.4420
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse
Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation.		02.4420
Cholera Infantum
[description not available]		02.3320
Blood Pressure, High
[description not available]		02.0510
Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.		02.0510
Extravascular Hemolysis
[description not available]		02.9140
Hemolysis
The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.		02.9140
Delayed Hypersensitivity
[description not available]		02.0510
Hormone-Dependent Neoplasms
[description not available]		05.2241
Neuroblastoma
A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)		02.4620
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
[description not available]		02.730
Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute
An acute myeloid leukemia in which abnormal PROMYELOCYTES predominate. It is frequently associated with DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION.		02.730
Genetic Predisposition
[description not available]		03.4411
Poultry Diseases
Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.		04.0531
Carcinoma, Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		04.4122
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
A form of highly malignant lung cancer that is composed of small ovoid cells (SMALL CELL CARCINOMA).		04.4122
Testicular Diseases
Pathological processes of the TESTIS.		02.0510
Cancer of the Uterus
[description not available]		03.91130
Uterine Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.		03.91130
Adenocarcinoma, Alveolar
[description not available]		04.3711
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar
A carcinoma derived from epithelium of terminal bronchioles, in which the neoplastic tissue extends along the alveolar walls and grows in small masses within the alveoli. Involvement may be uniformly diffuse and massive, or nodular, or lobular. The neoplastic cells are cuboidal or columnar and form papillary structures. Mucin may be demonstrated in some of the cells and in the material in the alveoli, which also includes denuded cells. Metastases in regional lymph nodes, and in even more distant sites, are known to occur, but are infrequent. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		04.3711
Carcinoma, Large Cell
A tumor of undifferentiated (anaplastic) cells of large size. It is usually bronchogenic. (From Dorland, 27th ed)		04.3711
Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid
A tumor of both low- and high-grade malignancy. The low-grade grow slowly, appear in any age group, and are readily cured by excision. The high-grade behave aggressively, widely infiltrate the salivary gland and produce lymph node and distant metastases. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the sublingual gland. They are the most common malignant tumor of the parotid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1240)		02.0610
Cancer of Parotid
[description not available]		02.0610
Parotid Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PAROTID GLAND.		02.0610
Genome Instability
[description not available]		02.0710
Cells, Neoplasm Circulating
[description not available]		04.3711
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia
[description not available]		02.0710
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)		02.0710
B-Cell Leukemia
[description not available]		02.0710
Ovine Diseases
[description not available]		02.940
Cancer of the Retina
[description not available]		02.0710
Eye Cancer, Retinoblastoma
[description not available]		02.0710
Retinoblastoma
A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104)		07.0710
Genito-urinary Cancer
[description not available]		0310
Urogenital Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.		0310
Blast Phase
[description not available]		02.0810
Blast Crisis
An advanced phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia, characterized by a rapid increase in the proportion of immature white blood cells (blasts) in the blood and bone marrow to greater than 30%.		02.0810
Weight Gain
Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.		06.08162
Chronic Lung Injury
[description not available]		02.0810
Disease
A definite pathologic process with a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. It may affect the whole body or any of its parts, and its etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be known or unknown.		08.2260
Congenital Disorders
[description not available]		01.9610
Lassitude
[description not available]		03.7721
Fatigue
The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.		03.7721
Signs and Symptoms
Clinical manifestations that can be either objective when observed by a physician, or subjective when perceived by the patient.		01.9610
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
[description not available]		02.3820
Viral Diseases
[description not available]		02.3620
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.		02.3820
Virus Diseases
A general term for diseases caused by viruses.		02.3620
Anesthesia
A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.		01.9610
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion
[description not available]		02.0110
Reperfusion Injury
Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.		02.0110
Cancer of Testis
[description not available]		03.5830
Testicular Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms.		03.5830
Abortion, Veterinary
Premature expulsion of the FETUS in animals.		02.0110
Mastitis, Bovine
INFLAMMATION of the UDDER in cows.		02.0110
Gait Disorders, Animal
[description not available]		02.0110
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis
[description not available]		02.0110
Pancreatitis
INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.		07.0110
Anemia, Hemolytic, Acquired
[description not available]		01.9310
Anemia
A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.		02.3420
Anemia, Hemolytic
A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES).		01.9310
Carcinoma 256, Walker
A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed)		02.3620
Sarcoma 180
An experimental sarcoma of mice.		01.9310
Reticulum Cell-Like Sarcoma, Yoshida
[description not available]		01.9310
Animal Mammary Carcinoma
[description not available]		03.2820
Sarcoma 37
An experimental sarcoma of mice.		01.9310
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.3520
Depression, Endogenous
[description not available]		01.9210
Depression
Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.		06.9210
Depressive Disorder
An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.		01.9210
Deficiency, Factor II
[description not available]		01.9210
Granulocytic Leukemia, Chronic
[description not available]		02.4320
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive
Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.		02.4320
Cancer of Larynx
[description not available]		02.4320
Laryngeal Neoplasms
Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.		02.4320
Canine Diseases
[description not available]		02.3920
Aggressive Systemic Mastocytosis
A form of systemic mastocytosis in which patients have impaired organ functions due to multifocal infiltrates of pathological MAST CELLS in bone marrow, liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, or skeletal system. The cytomorphology shows a low to high grade.		02.0310
Mastocytosis, Systemic
A group of disorders caused by the abnormal proliferation of MAST CELLS in a variety of extracutaneous tissues including bone marrow, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and gastrointestinal tract. Systemic mastocytosis is commonly seen in adults. These diseases are categorized on the basis of clinical features, pathologic findings, and prognosis.		02.0310
Neoplasms, Pleural
[description not available]		02.0310
Mesothelioma
A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.0310
Aging
The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.		03.0750
Endometrioma
An enlarged area of ENDOMETRIOSIS that resembles a tumor. It is usually found in the OVARY. When it is filled with old blood, it is known as a chocolate cyst.		09.11160
Cancer of Endometrium
[description not available]		02.0310
Endometriosis
A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum.		04.11160
Endometrial Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.		02.0310
Hypospermatogenesis
[description not available]		05.2990
Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		02.0410
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin
Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.		02.0410
Electrolytes
Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)		07.9140
Brill-Symmers Disease
[description not available]		02.0410
Lymphoma, Follicular
Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES. The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES.		02.0410
Experimental Hepatoma
[description not available]		02.3720
Potassium Deficiency
A condition due to decreased dietary intake of potassium, as in starvation or failure to administer in intravenous solutions, or to gastrointestinal loss in diarrhea, chronic laxative abuse, vomiting, gastric suction, or bowel diversion. Severe potassium deficiency may produce muscular weakness and lead to paralysis and respiratory failure. Muscular malfunction may result in hypoventilation, paralytic ileus, hypotension, muscle twitches, tetany, and rhabomyolysis. Nephropathy from potassium deficit impairs the concentrating mechanism, producing POLYURIA and decreased maximal urinary concentrating ability with secondary POLYDIPSIA. (Merck Manual, 16th ed)		07.6730
Polyarthritis
[description not available]		01.9610
Adjuvant Arthritis
[description not available]		01.9610
Arthritis
Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.		01.9610
Palsy
[description not available]		04.7750
Paralysis
A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)		09.7750
Atopic Hypersensitivity
[description not available]		01.9610
Hemorrhage, Uterine
[description not available]		01.9510
Menopause
The last menstrual period. Permanent cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) is usually defined after 6 to 12 months of AMENORRHEA in a woman over 45 years of age. In the United States, menopause generally occurs in women between 48 and 55 years of age.		01.9510
Uterine Hemorrhage
Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes manifested as vaginal bleeding.		01.9510
Varicocele
A condition characterized by the dilated tortuous veins of the SPERMATIC CORD with a marked left-sided predominance. Adverse effect on male fertility occurs when varicocele leads to an increased scrotal (and testicular) temperature and reduced testicular volume.		02.3720
Di Guglielmo Disease
[description not available]		02.6630
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute
A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the peripheral blood.		02.6630
Reproductive Sterility
[description not available]		01.9610
Dermatoses
[description not available]		02.3820
Infertility
A reduced or absent capacity to reproduce.		01.9610
Skin Diseases
Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.		02.3820
Anorexia
The lack or loss of APPETITE accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder ANOREXIA NERVOSA.		02.3720
Diarrhea
An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.		01.9610
Hematuria
Presence of blood in the urine.		01.9510
Ovarian Diseases
Pathological processes of the OVARY.		02.3720
Endometrial Diseases
[description not available]		02.6630
Uterine Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the UTERUS.		02.6630
Eczema, Atopic
[description not available]		01.9510
Dermatitis, Atopic
A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.		01.9510
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
[description not available]		02.3720
Atrophy
Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes.		02.8940
Menorrhagia
Excessive uterine bleeding during MENSTRUATION.		02.3720
Deficiency, Protein
[description not available]		02.3920
African Sleeping Sickness
[description not available]		02.6830
Trypanosomiasis, African
A disease endemic among people and animals in Central Africa. It is caused by various species of trypanosomes, particularly T. gambiense and T. rhodesiense. Its second host is the TSETSE FLY. Involvement of the central nervous system produces African sleeping sickness. Nagana is a rapidly fatal trypanosomiasis of horses and other animals.		02.6830
Swine Diseases
Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.		03.840
Poisoning
Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure.		04.1460
Central Nervous System Neoplasm
[description not available]		01.9810
Central Nervous System Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges.		01.9810
Nutritional Disorders
[description not available]		02.3820
Nutrition Disorders
Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either overnutrition or undernutrition.		02.3820
HIV Coinfection
[description not available]		02.910
HIV Infections
Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).		02.910
Cardiac Failure
[description not available]		02.3820
Caprine Diseases
[description not available]		01.9810
Heart Failure
A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.		07.3820
Anaphylactic Reaction
[description not available]		02.910
Dermatitis Medicamentosa
[description not available]		02.910
Anaphylaxis
An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.		02.910
Kidney Diseases
Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.		02.3620
Muscle Contraction
A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.		03.4880
Adrenal Cancer
[description not available]		06.9810
Chromosome-Defective Micronuclei
[description not available]		01.9810
Anasarca
[description not available]		02.3820
Disease, Pulmonary
[description not available]		01.9810
Ascites
Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity.		01.9810
Edema
Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.		02.3820
Lung Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.		01.9810
Marasmus
[description not available]		03.2460
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
The lack of sufficient energy or protein to meet the body's metabolic demands, as a result of either an inadequate dietary intake of protein, intake of poor quality dietary protein, increased demands due to disease, or increased nutrient losses.		03.2460
Emergencies
Situations or conditions requiring immediate intervention to avoid serious adverse results.		01.9810
Anaplastic Astrocytoma
[description not available]		01.9910
Astrocytoma
Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)		01.9910
Adenoma, Prostatic
[description not available]		01.9910
Prostatic Hyperplasia
Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both.		06.9910
Abscess, Amebic, Hepatic
[description not available]		01.9910
Fibrosarcoma
A sarcoma derived from deep fibrous tissue, characterized by bundles of immature proliferating fibroblasts with variable collagen formation, which tends to invade locally and metastasize by the bloodstream. (Stedman, 25th ed)		06.9910
Vulvar Diseases
Pathological processes of the VULVA.		01.9910
Acidosis, Renal Tubular, Type I
[description not available]		02.3820
Acidosis, Renal Tubular
A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS. Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS.		02.3820
Gastric Ulcer
[description not available]		0210
Stomach Ulcer
Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).		0210
Taste Disorder, Anterior Tongue
[description not available]		03.3911
Nausea
An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.		03.3911
Grippe
[description not available]		01.9510
Influenza, Human
An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.		01.9510
Encephalitis, West Nile Fever
[description not available]		01.9510
West Nile Fever
A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia, and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER; maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)		01.9510
Verruca
[description not available]		01.9510
Foot Dermatoses
Skin diseases of the foot, general or unspecified.		01.9510
Warts
Benign epidermal proliferations or tumors; some are viral in origin.		01.9510
Infectious Skin Diseases
[description not available]		01.9510
Skin Diseases, Infectious
Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses.		01.9510
Erythrocytosis
[description not available]		01.9510
Experimental Leukemia
[description not available]		02.6630
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
[description not available]		01.9810
Herpes Simplex
A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)		01.9810
Muscle Relaxation
That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position.		02.8940
Food Poisoning
[description not available]		03.5630
Cancer of Pelvis
[description not available]		01.9710
Arteriosclerosis, Coronary
[description not available]		01.9710
Coronary Artery Disease
Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.		01.9710
Active Hyperemia
[description not available]		01.9710
Hyperemia
The presence of an increased amount of blood in a body part or an organ leading to congestion or engorgement of blood vessels. Hyperemia can be due to increase of blood flow into the area (active or arterial), or due to obstruction of outflow of blood from the area (passive or venous).		01.9710
Colitis Gravis
[description not available]		01.9710
Colitis, Ulcerative
Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.		01.9710
Autoimmune Disease
[description not available]		01.9710
Pemphigoid
[description not available]		01.9710
Pemphigus Foliaceus
[description not available]		01.9710
Bullous Dermatoses
[description not available]		01.9710
Autoimmune Diseases
Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.		01.9710
Pemphigoid, Bullous
A chronic and relatively benign subepidermal blistering disease usually of the elderly and without histopathologic acantholysis.		01.9710
Pemphigus
Group of chronic blistering diseases characterized histologically by ACANTHOLYSIS and blister formation within the EPIDERMIS.		01.9710
Plant Poisoning
Poisoning by the ingestion of plants or its leaves, berries, roots or stalks. The manifestations in both humans and animals vary in severity from mild to life threatening. In animals, especially domestic animals, it is usually the result of ingesting moldy or fermented forage.		03.7520
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.		01.9710
Fetal Resorption
The disintegration and assimilation of the dead FETUS in the UTERUS at any stage after the completion of organogenesis which, in humans, is after the 9th week of GESTATION. It does not include embryo resorption (see EMBRYO LOSS).		02.6630
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced
Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.		03.5730
Female Genital Diseases
[description not available]		04.2711
Genital Diseases, Female
Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).		04.2711
Chronic Illness
[description not available]		01.9710
Bright Disease
A historical classification which is no longer used. It described acute glomerulonephritis, acute nephritic syndrome, or acute nephritis. Named for Richard Bright.		01.9710
Chronic Disease
Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).		01.9710
Glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.		01.9710
Female Genital Neoplasms
[description not available]		01.9710
Male Genital Neoplasms
[description not available]		01.9710
Genital Neoplasms, Female
Tumor or cancer of the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).		01.9710
Genital Neoplasms, Male
Tumor or cancer of the MALE GENITALIA.		01.9710
Polyploid
[description not available]		02.3720
Hyperplasia
An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.		06.9710
Sterility, Female
[description not available]		01.9710
Infertility, Female
Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception.		01.9710
Schistosoma mansoni Infection
[description not available]		01.9710
Schistosomiasis mansoni
Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni. It is endemic in Africa, the Middle East, South America, and the Caribbean and affects mainly the bowel, spleen, and liver.		01.9710
Enlarged Liver
[description not available]		01.9710
Proteinuria
The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.		01.9710
Sarcoma, Epithelioid
[description not available]		01.9710
Chromosomal Translocation
[description not available]		01.9710
Myxosarcoma
A sarcoma, usually a liposarcoma or malignant fibrous histiocytoma, with an abundant component of myxoid tissue resembling primitive mesenchyme containing connective tissue mucin. (Stedman, 25th ed)		06.9710
Sarcoma
A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.		06.9710
Diseases, Occupational
[description not available]		02.8810
Fasciolopsiasis
[description not available]		01.9710
Aldosteronism
[description not available]		02.8810
Hyperthyroid
[description not available]		02.8810
Hyperaldosteronism
A condition caused by the overproduction of ALDOSTERONE. It is characterized by sodium retention and potassium excretion with resultant HYPERTENSION and HYPOKALEMIA.		02.8810
Hyperthyroidism
Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE.		02.8810
Infections, Taenia
[description not available]		01.9610
Taeniasis
Infection with tapeworms of the genus Taenia.		01.9610
Leukemia L 1210
[description not available]		01.9610
Leukemia P388
An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.		01.9610
Manganese Poisoning
Manganese poisoning is associated with chronic inhalation of manganese particles by individuals who work with manganese ore. Clinical features include CONFUSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and an extrapyramidal syndrome (PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) that includes rigidity; DYSTONIA; retropulsion; and TREMOR. (Adams, Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1213)		02.8610
Arsenic Encephalopathy
[description not available]		02.8610
Poisoning, Lead
[description not available]		02.8610
Poisoning, Mercury
[description not available]		02.8610
Cadmium Poisoning
Poisoning occurring after exposure to cadmium compounds or fumes. It may cause gastrointestinal syndromes, anemia, or pneumonitis.		02.8610
Lead Poisoning
Poisoning that results from chronic or acute ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of LEAD or lead compounds.		02.8610
Mercury Poisoning
Poisoning that results from chronic or acute ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of MERCURY or MERCURY COMPOUNDS.		02.8610
Complication, Postoperative
[description not available]		01.9510
Pleural Diseases
Diseases involving the PLEURA.		01.9510
Bronchial Fistula
An abnormal passage or communication between a bronchus and another part of the body.		01.9510
Empyema
Presence of pus in a hollow organ or body cavity.		01.9510
Postoperative Complications
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.		01.9510
Brown Lung
[description not available]		01.9510
Bronchial Diseases
Diseases involving the BRONCHI.		01.9510
Infections, Orthomyxoviridae
[description not available]		01.9410
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.		01.9410
Granulomas
[description not available]		01.9410
Besnier-Boeck Disease
[description not available]		01.9410
Gastric Diseases
[description not available]		01.9410
Granuloma
A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents.		01.9410
Nephrocalcinosis
A condition characterized by calcification of the renal tissue itself. It is usually seen in distal RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS with calcium deposition in the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULES and the surrounding interstitium. Nephrocalcinosis causes RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.		01.9410
Sarcoidosis
An idiopathic systemic inflammatory granulomatous disorder comprised of epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells with little necrosis. It usually invades the lungs with fibrosis and may also involve lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes, phalangeal bones, and parotid glands.		01.9410
Pneumonia, Viral
Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection.		01.9410
Deficiency Diseases
A condition produced by dietary or metabolic deficiency. The term includes all diseases caused by an insufficient supply of essential nutrients, i.e., protein (or amino acids), vitamins, and minerals. It also includes an inadequacy of calories. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)		01.9410
Anemia, Hypochromic
Anemia characterized by a decrease in the ratio of the weight of hemoglobin to the volume of the erythrocyte, i.e., the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is less than normal. The individual cells contain less hemoglobin than they could have under optimal conditions. Hypochromic anemia may be caused by iron deficiency from a low iron intake, diminished iron absorption, or excessive iron loss. It can also be caused by infections or other diseases, therapeutic drugs, lead poisoning, and other conditions. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Miale, Laboratory Medicine: Hematology, 6th ed, p393)		01.9410