| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "Cocaine abuse is associated with heightened risk of life-threatening neurological complications such as strokes, seizures, and transient ischemic attacks." | ( Better, W; Cadet, JL; Gorelick, D; Herning, RI; Nelson, R, 1999) |
| "Thus, maternal cocaine abuse is associated with thickening of the interlobular arterial wall of the fetal kidney and narrowing of the lumen." | ( Gil, J; Mitra, SC; Salcedo, JR; Seshan, SV, 2000) |
| "Cocaine addiction is thought to stem, in part, from neural adaptations that act to maintain equilibrium by countering the effects of repeated drug administration." | ( Bibb, JA; Chen, J; Greengard, P; Nairn, AC; Nestler, EJ; Nishi, A; Ouimet, CC; Sagawa, ZK; Snyder, GL; Svenningsson, P; Taylor, JR; Yan, Z, 2001) |
| "Treatment of cocaine addiction is hampered by high rates of relapse even after prolonged drug abstinence." | ( Crombag, H; De Vries, TJ; Dieben, J; Homberg, JR; Schoffelmeer, AN; Schuurman, K; Shaham, Y; Vanderschuren, LJ, 2001) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a common and serious condition, which has become nowadays a substantial public health problem." | ( Farrell, M; Lima, MS; Reisser, AA; Soares, BG, 2001) |
| "Cocaine addiction is rapidly progressive and associated with severe medical, psychiatric, and psychosocial consequences." | ( Dackis, CA; O'Brien, CP, 2001) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronically relapsing brain disease, but its neural basis is not yet well understood." | ( Black, Y; Eichenbaum, HB; Green-Jordan, K; Kantak, KM; Valencia, E, 2002) |
| "Cocaine abuse is increasing, particularly among young people." | ( Brownlow, HA; Pappachan, J, 2002) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a common and serious condition, associated with severe medical, psychological and social problems, including the spread of infectious diseases." | ( de Lima, MS; de Oliveira Soares, BG; Farrell, M; Reisser, AA, 2002) |
| "Cocaine addiction is thought to involve persistent neurobiological changes that facilitate relapse to drug use despite efforts to abstain." | ( Choi, KH; Karanian, DA; Monteggia, LM; Neve, RL; Schad, CA; Schmidt, EF; Self, DW; Simmons, D; Sutton, MA; Whisler, K, 2003) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a common and serious condition, which has become nowadays a substantial public health problem." | ( Farrell, M; Lima, MS; Reisser, AA; Soares, BG, 2003) |
| "Its efficacy for cocaine dependence is uncertain." | ( Cheskin, LJ; Contoreggi, C; Fudala, PJ; Gorelick, DA; Johnson, RE; Lange, WR; Montoya, ID; Preston, KL; Schroeder, JR; Umbricht, A, 2004) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a disease that develops over time, and it is thought that drug-induced neuro-adaptations underlie the changes in behavior seen across the addictive process." | ( Hamby, SM; McCracken, CB; Morgan, D; Patel, KM; Roberts, DC; Vrana, KE, 2005) |
| "Cocaine abuse is a serious and socially damaging illegal drug problem." | ( Breen, G; Guindalini, C; Laranjeira, R; Vallada, H, 2006) |
| "Cocaine dependence is associated with high rates of relapse." | ( Garcia, M; Kreek, MJ; Paliwal, P; Rounsaville, BJ; Sinha, R, 2006) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a major public health problem for which there is no FDA-approved pharmacological treatment." | ( Boardman, K; Chiang, N; Collins, J; Elkashef, A; Fudala, PJ; Gorgon, L; Jones, K; Kahn, R; Li, SH; Sather, M; Vocci, F, 2006) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a major health and social problem for which there are presently no effective pharmacotherapies." | ( Haile, CN; Kosten, TA; Kosten, TR, 2007) |
| "Cocaine dependence is associated with an increased risk of infectious diseases." | ( Butch, A; Cole, SW; Fong, T; Irwin, MR; Motivala, SJ; Newton, T; Olmos, L; Olmstead, R; Valladares, EM; Wang, M, 2007) |
| "Cocaine abuse is associated with cerebrovascular events; spinal cord effects are rarely reported." | ( Formal, CS; Schreiber, AL, 2007) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a significant worldwide public health problem, associated with somatic, psychological, psychiatric, socioeconomic and legal complications." | ( Benyamina, A; Coscas, S; Cottencin, O; Ferreri, M; Karila, L; Reynaud, M, 2007) |
| "Cocaine dependence is associated with impairment of dopamine function, and this impairment appears to play a critical role in relapse." | ( Broft, A; Cooper, TB; Fischman, MW; Foltin, RW; Huang, Y; Hwang, DR; Kleber, HD; Laruelle, M; Martinez, D; Narendran, R; Slifstein, M, 2007) |
| "Cocaine addiction is one of the severest health problems faced by western countries, where there is an increasing prevalence of lifelong abuse." | ( Casas, M; Castells, X; Corominas, M; Ribases, M; Roncero, C, 2007) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a public health problem characterized by recidivism and a host of medical and psychosocial complications." | ( Amato, L; Davoli, M; Minozzi, S; Pani, PP, 2007) |
| "Cocaine dependence is associated with an enhanced sensitivity to stress and drug craving." | ( Bergquist, KT; Fox, H; Hong, KI; Morgan, PT; Sinha, R; Sofuoglu, M, 2007) |
| "Interruption of cocaine abuse is the cornerstone of secondary prevention in cocaine-related myocardial infarction." | ( Kloner, RA; Rezkalla, SH, 2007) |
| "Cocaine dependence is quite serious and is associated with numerous adverse health consequences." | ( Aubin, HJ; Benyamina, A; Coscas, S; Karila, L; Lépine, JP; Leroy, C; Lowenstein, W; Noble, F; Reynaud, M; Weinstein, A, 2008) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a relapsing psychiatric disorder with a high prevalence in developed countries." | ( Barbano, MF; Maldonado, R; Soria, G; Valverde, O, 2008) |
| "Cocaine addiction is known to impair immune system function, but the effects of repeated treatment with cocaine in a self-administration model, its withdrawal as well as reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior on cell-mediated immunity are not well known." | ( Basta-Kaim, A; Budziszewska, B; Filip, M; Jaworska-Feil, L; Kubera, M; Lason, W; Leskiewicz, M; Machowska, A; Przegalinski, E; Regulska, M; Wydra, K, 2008) |
| "Cocaine addiction is associated with an increase in actin cycling and alterations in dendritic spines in the nucleus accumbens." | ( Kalivas, PW; Pacchioni, AM; Wiggins, AT, 2009) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by an impaired ability to develop adaptive behaviors that can compete with cocaine seeking, implying a deficit in the ability to induce plasticity in cortico-accumbens circuitry crucial for regulating motivated behavior." | ( Gass, JT; Kalivas, PW; Lavin, A; Moran, M; Moussawi, K; Olive, MF; Pacchioni, A, 2009) |
| "Cocaine dependence is characterized by stress system dysregulation, including elevated cortisol activity, emotional negativity, and behavioral disinhibition." | ( Fox, HC; Jackson, ED; Sinha, R, 2009) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a major public health problem for which there is no FDA-approved pharmacological treatment." | ( Alathari, H; Beresford, T; Biswas, K; Chiang, N; Childress, AR; Collins, J; Elkashef, A; Fudala, PJ; Gorgon, L; Gruber, V; Kahn, R; Li, SH; Liberto, J; McSherry, F; Montoya, I; Shoptaw, S; Stock, C; Wallace, C; Watson, D, 2009) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a worldwide public health problem for which there are no established treatments." | ( Caine, SB; Gu, HH; Han, DD; Thomsen, M, 2009) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder associated with severe medical and psychosocial complications." | ( Cepeda, S; Knecht, C; Martínez-Raga, J, 2008) |
| "Cocaine dependence is associated with severe medical, psychiatric, and social morbidity, but no pharmacotherapy is approved for its treatment in the United States." | ( Brodie, JD; Case, BG; Dewey, SL; Figueroa, E; Laska, EM; Robinson, JA; Wanderling, JA, 2009) |
| "Cocaine abuse is a significant problem among pregnant women." | ( Xiao, D; Yang, S; Zhang, L, 2009) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized as a chronically relapsing disorder." | ( Barker, DJ; Fabbricatore, AT; Ma, S; Pawlak, AP; Root, DH; West, MO, 2009) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a disorder for which no pharmacological treatment of proven efficacy exists, advances in the neurobiology could guide future medication development." | ( Amato, L; Davoli, M; Pani, PP; Trogu, E; Vacca, R; Vecchi, S, 2010) |
| "Cocaine addiction is an important public health problem worldwide, and use of this drug is growing in France." | ( Haas, C; Karila, L; Lowenstein, W, 2009) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a common and serious condition, which has become a substantial public health problem." | ( Farrell, M; Lima Reisser, AA; Silva de Lima, M; Soares, B, 2010) |
| "Maternal cocaine addiction is a significant public health issue particularly affecting children, with high rates of reported abuse, neglect, and foster care placement." | ( Mayes, LC; Strathearn, L, 2010) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by a gradual loss of control over drug use, but the molecular mechanisms regulating vulnerability to this process remain unclear." | ( Amelio, AL; Bali, P; Conkright, MD; Hollander, JA; Im, HI; Kenny, PJ; Kocerha, J; Lu, Q; Wahlestedt, C; Willoughby, D, 2010) |
| "Cocaine abuse is now a major health hazard: more than 5 million of Americans are current users." | ( Alessandri, N; D'Ambrosi, A; Di Matteo, A; Fusco, L; Lanzi, L; Petrassi, M; Tufano, F, 2010) |
| "Cocaine addiction is commonly viewed as a disorder of neuroplasticity, but the potential involvement of MeCP2 has not been explored." | ( Bali, P; Hollander, JA; Im, HI; Kenny, PJ, 2010) |
| "Cocaine abuse is on the rise and it brings the challenges to treat the complication associated with it, particularly cardiovascular complications." | ( Arora, RR; Bhargava, S, 2011) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by a persistently heightened susceptibility to drug relapse." | ( Baker, DA; Bohr, C; Figueroa-Guzman, Y; Graf, EN; Li, SJ; Mantsch, JR; Mueller, C; Vranjkovic, O; Wisniewski, S; Yang, Z, 2011) |
| "Cocaine dependence is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and high vulnerability to relapse." | ( Amore, M; Ciccocioppo, R; Donnini, C; Gerra, G; Gerra, ML; Kalluppi, M; Malagoli, M; Raggi, MA; Saracino, MA; Somaini, L, 2011) |
| "Cocaine addiction is associated with either ischaemic or non-ischaemic cardiac complications." | ( Aquaro, GD; Emdin, M; Gabutti, A; Lombardi, M; Meini, M; Pasanisi, E; Passino, C; Prontera, C, 2011) |
| "Cocaine addiction is often modeled in experimental paradigms where rodents learn to self-administer (SA) the drug." | ( Agosta, F; Bifone, A; Corsi, M; Cristofori, P; Dacome, L; Gozzi, A; Lanzoni, A; Lepore, S; Pich, EM; Tessari, M, 2011) |
| "Cocaine dependence is associated with orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-dependent cognitive inflexibility in both humans and laboratory animals." | ( Homberg, JR; Maes, JH; Nonkes, LJ, 2013) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a major health problem that affects millions of people." | ( Homberg, JR; Nonkes, LJ; van Bussel, IP; Verheij, MM, 2011) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a public health concern and cause of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide." | ( Kosten, TR; Shorter, D, 2011) |
| "Cocaine dependence is associated with high rates of sexual risk behavior and HIV infection." | ( Bruner, NR; Johnson, MW, 2012) |
| "Adulterated cocaine abuse is an increasingly recognized phenomenon in North America." | ( Cuchacovich, R; Espinoza, LR; Garcia-Valladares, I; Khan, TA; Lata, S; Patel, NJ; Salassi, MM; Sanders, CV, 2011) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a pervasive disorder with high rates of relapse." | ( Anker, JJ; Brimijoin, S; Carroll, ME; Gao, Y; Geng, L; Parks, RJ; Zlebnik, NE, 2012) |
| "Cocaine dependence is associated with increased stress and drug cue-induced craving and physiological arousal but decreased prefrontal activity to emotional and cognitive challenge." | ( Fox, HC; Hansen, J; Kimmerling, A; Morgan, PT; Seo, D; Sinha, R; Tuit, K, 2012) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by compulsive drug seeking, including relapse after a period of withdrawal." | ( Fischer-Smith, KD; Houston, AC; Rebec, GV, 2012) |
| "Cocaine addiction is associated with high rates of relapse, and stress has been identified as a major risk factor." | ( Choi, SM; Jang, EY; Kim, HY; Lee, BH; Steffensen, SC; Yang, CH; Yang, EJ; Yoon, SS, 2012) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a major problem affecting all societal and economic classes for which there is no effective therapy." | ( Crystal, RG; De, BP; Frenk, E; Hackett, NR; Hicks, MJ; Janda, KD; Kaminsky, SM; Koob, GF; Mezey, JG; Pagovich, O; Rosenberg, JB; Tignor, N; Wee, S; Worgall, S, 2012) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a significant and complex disease." | ( Allen, RM; Gomez, E; Johnston, NL; Mandt, BH; Zahniser, NR, 2012) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a chronically relapsing disorder for which its predominant behavioral therapies are associated with only partial efficacy." | ( Drexler, KP; Gross, RE; Kennedy, AP; Kilts, CD; Whitfield, N, 2012) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by impulsivity, impaired social relationships, and abnormal mesocorticolimbic reward processing, but their interrelationships relative to stages of cocaine addiction are unclear." | ( Andrews, MM; Assaf, M; Hyatt, CJ; Hylton, JL; Johnson, MR; Krystal, JH; Muska, CE; Pearlson, GD; Potenza, MN; Reynolds, BA; Rosen, RI; Thomas, AD, 2012) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a significant public health problem for which there are currently no FDA-approved medications." | ( Adinoff, B; Brady, KT; Brigham, G; Kropp, F; Lindblad, R; Liu, D; Sharma, G; Somoza, E; Sparenborg, S; Stitzer, M; Vanveldhuisen, P; Winhusen, T; Woody, G, 2012) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a substantial public health problem, yet there are no clearly effective medication treatments." | ( Bisaga, A; Brooks, DJ; Levin, FR; Mariani, JJ; Nunes, EV; Pavlicova, M, 2012) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a worldwide public health problem, which has somatic, psychological, psychiatric, socio-economic and judicial complications." | ( Karila, L; Lowenstein, W; Petit, A; Reynaud, M, 2012) |
| "Cocaine abuse is widespread all over the world, and is performed generally by sniffing, injecting or smoking cocaine or crack." | ( Anzillotti, L; Bermejo, AM; Chiarotti, M; Rubio, C; Strano-Rossi, S; Tabernero, MJ, 2013) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a significant public health problem, characterized by periods of abstinence." | ( Benturquia, N; Noble, F; Puig, S, 2012) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic relapsing disease with periods of chronic escalating self-exposure, separated by periods of abstinence/withdrawal of varying duration." | ( Butelman, ER; Ho, A; Kreek, MJ; Rabkin, J; Schlussman, SD; Zhang, Y, 2013) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a behavioral disorder defined by behavioral symptoms that set it apart from nondisordered forms of drug use." | ( Ahmed, SH; Kenny, PJ, 2011) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by long-lasting vulnerability to relapse arising because neutral environmental stimuli become associated with drug use and then act as cues that induce relapse." | ( Gipson, CD; Kalivas, PW; Kupchik, YM; Reissner, KJ; Shen, H; Thomas, CA, 2013) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a significant public health problem, yet no validated pharmacological treatment exists." | ( Bickel, WK; Ciraulo, DA; Galloway, GP; Gorodetzky, CW; Jasinski, D; Lewis, D; Miller, SR; Roache, JD; Segal, SD; Sheehan, M; Somoza, EC; Somoza, P; Watson, DW; Winhusen, T; Winship, D, 2013) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic, relapsing disease characterized by an inability to regulate drug-seeking behavior." | ( Knackstedt, LA; Schwendt, M; Trantham-Davidson, HL, 2014) |
| "Cocaine addiction is associated with altered resting-state functional connectivity among regions of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathways." | ( Goldstein, RZ; Konova, AB; Moeller, SJ; Tomasi, D; Volkow, ND, 2013) |
| "Cocaine addiction is driven by genetic, neurologic and environmental components." | ( Edusei, E; Ho, A; Kreek, MJ; Lawhorn, C; Zhou, Y, 2013) |
| "Cocaine abuse is a major public health problem with multiple-related complications." | ( Barcia, JM; Genovés, JM; López-Pedrajas, R; Miranda, M; Muriach, M; Romero, FJ; Sánchez-Vallejo, V; Sánchez-Villarejo, MV, 2014) |
| "Cocaine abuse is associated with various skin and rheumatological diseases that mimic primary autoimmune diseases, including retiform purpura with involvement of the ears, cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions (CIMDL), and eruptive pyoderma gangrenosum (PG)." | ( Albarrán-Planelles, C; Bravo-Monge, R; García-Moreno, E; Jiménez-Gallo, D; Linares-Barrios, M; Martínez-Rodríguez, A; Rodríguez-Hernández, C, 2013) |
| "Cocaine dependence is characterized by compulsive drug taking that supercedes other recreational, occupational or social pursuits." | ( Becker, JB; Perry, AN; Westenbroek, C, 2013) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a major public health problem with no available robustly effective pharmacotherapy." | ( Cargile, C; Chopra, MP; Guise, JB; Kosten, TR; Mancino, MJ; McGaugh, J; Oliveto, A; Sanders, N; Thostenson, J; Williams, DK, 2014) |
| "Crack-cocaine dependence is a complex disorder with limited treatment options." | ( Blanken, P; Hendriks, V; Nuijten, M; van den Brink, W, 2014) |
| "Cocaine abuse is not only associated with central necrotizing vasculitis, but it is also appeared to play a role in the development of peripheral vasoconstriction with symptoms similar to Buerger's disease." | ( Ameri, P; Denegri, A; Murialdo, G; Paparo, F, 2016) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by deficits in inhibitory control and elevated reactivity to cocaine cues, both hypothesized to be integral to development of addiction and propensity to relapse." | ( Bell, RP; Foxe, JJ; Garavan, H, 2014) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by alternating cycles of abstinence and relapse and loss of control of drug use despite severe negative life consequences associated with its abuse." | ( Daunais, JB; Gopinath, KS; Howell, LL; Maltbie, E; Murnane, KS; Telesford, QK, 2015) |
| "Cocaine abuse is associated with cardiovascular complications that include chest pain and myocardial infarction." | ( Belchikov, Y; Gitman, B; Schurr, JW, 2014) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronically relapsing disorder that is associated with harmful consequences." | ( Baumgartner, MR; Henning, A; Herdener, M; Hulka, LM; Preller, KH; Quednow, BB; Scheidegger, M; Seifritz, E; Vonmoos, M, 2016) |
| "The treatment of cocaine dependence is difficult as no approved pharmacotherapy is available as yet." | ( Grosshans, M; Kiefer, F; Mutschler, J, 2015) |
| "Cocaine abuse is common among HIV infected individuals, and this abuse augments HIV-associated neurological deficits." | ( Chen, L; Napier, TC; Persons, AL; Wayman, WN, 2015) |
| "Crack-cocaine dependence is a serious disorder with no approved pharmacological treatment." | ( Blanken, P; Hendriks, V; Nuijten, M; van den Brink, W, 2015) |
| "Cocaine abuse is associated with several mechanisms of brain injury including ischemic, hemorrhagic and metabolic." | ( Schmidt, BJ; Vosoughi, R, 2015) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a major public health problem with a substantial genetic basis for which the biological mechanisms remain largely unknown." | ( Bubier, JA; Calton, MA; Chesler, EJ; Cook, MN; Dickson, PE; Goldowitz, D; Miller, MM; Mittleman, G, 2016) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by alterations in motivational and cognitive processes." | ( Ávila, C; Barrós-Loscertales, A; Bustamante, JC; Costumero, V; Fuentes, P; Llopis, JJ; Rosell-Negre, P, 2017) |
| "Cocaine abuse is a world-wide public health and social problem without a US Food and Drug Administration-approved medication." | ( Chen, X; Hou, S; Jin, Z; Xue, L; Zhan, CG; Zhang, T; Zheng, F, 2016) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a difficult-to-treat, chronically relapsing disorder." | ( Bickel, WK; Hanlon, CA; Quisenberry, AJ; Snider, SE; Stein, JS, 2016) |
| "Cocaine abuse is a major worldwide health problem." | ( Albertson, TE; Amsterdam, EA; Derlet, RW; Garber, D; Lange, RA; Laurin, EG; Olson, KR; Ramoska, EA; Richards, JR, 2016) |
| "Crack-cocaine addiction is associated with a variety of conditions that increase risk of thiamine deficiency and Wernicke's encephalopathy." | ( Castro, M; Diemen, LV; Escobar, M; Kessler, FH; Sukop, PH; Valerio, AG, 2016) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a public health problem characterised by recidivism and a host of medical and psychosocial complications." | ( Amato, L; Indave, BI; Minozzi, S; Pani, PP, 2016) |
| "Although cocaine abuse is up to three times more frequent among schizophrenic patients, it remains unclear why this should be the case and whether sex influences this relationship." | ( Ambrosio, E; Borcel, É; Capellán, R; Higuera-Matas, A; Orihuel, J; Roura-Martínez, D; Santos-Toscano, R; Ucha, M, 2016) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic brain disease in which the drug seeking habits and profound cognitive, emotional and motivational alterations emerge from drug-induced neuroadaptations on a vulnerable brain." | ( Araos, P; Blanco, E; Castilla-Ortega, E; Pavón, FJ; Rodríguez de Fonseca, F; Santín, LJ; Serrano, A; Suárez, J, 2016) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a major public health problem that is particularly difficult to treat." | ( Bullmore, ET; de Wit, S; Ersche, KD; Gillan, CM; Jones, PS; Luijten, M; Robbins, TW; Sahakian, BJ; Ward, LH; Williams, GB, 2016) |
| "Cocaine addiction is often characterized by a rigid pattern of behavior in which cocaine users continue seeking and taking drug despite negative consequences associated with its use." | ( Berini, CR; Ghee, SM; Leong, KC; Reichel, CM, 2016) |
| "Cocaine abuse is a significant health problem worldwide." | ( Borislav, M; Kiryakova, T; Manolov, V; Petrova, J; Radoslava, E; Tzatchev, K; Vasilev, V, 2016) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by uncontrolled cocaine intake, which is thought to be driven, at least in part, by cocaine-induced deficits in dopamine system function." | ( Fordahl, SC; Jones, SR; Siciliano, CA, 2016) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a disease characterized by chronic relapse despite long periods of abstinence." | ( Arguello, AA; Fuchs, RA; Hall, JL; Hodges, MA; Mitchell, MP; Richardson, BD; Rossi, DJ; Stuber, GD; Wang, R, 2017) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder that is difficult to treat in part because addicts relapse even after extended periods of abstinence." | ( Cameron, CM; Carelli, RM; Wightman, RM, 2016) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder characterized by the loss of control over drug-seeking and taking, and continued drug use regardless of adverse consequences." | ( Batuecas, J; Cuesta, S; Funes, A; Pacchioni, AM; Rosso, SB; Severin, MJ, 2017) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic brain disease affecting neurotransmission." | ( Conn, PJ; Dall, C; Dencker, D; Fink-Jensen, A; Molander, AC; Thomsen, M; Weikop, P; Wörtwein, G, 2017) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by pathological motivation to obtain cocaine and behavioral and neurochemical hypersensitivity to cocaine-associated cues." | ( Brodnik, ZD; España, RA; Levy, KA; Perrey, DA; Shaw, JK; Zhang, Y, 2017) |
| "Cocaine abuse is a major public health issue due to its role in the HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemics in North America." | ( Arruda, N; Bertrand, K; Jutras-Aswad, D; Motta-Ochoa, R; Roy, É, 2017) |
| "Crack-cocaine addiction is an important public health problem worldwide." | ( Almeida, PP; Bressan, RA; de Araujo Filho, GM; Lacerda, ALT; Laranjeira, RR; Malta, SM; Marques, ACRP, 2017) |
| "Cocaine addiction is thought to be the result of drug-induced functional changes in a neural network implicated in emotions, learning and cognitive control." | ( Gao, P; Groenewegen, HJ; Vanderschuren, LJMJ; Voorn, P, 2018) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by the continued use despite the dire consequences, and the deficit in inhibitory control may play a key role in this process." | ( Datta, U; Martini, M; Sun, W, 2018) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by dysfunction in reward-related brain circuits, leading to maladaptive motivation to seek and take the drug." | ( Calipari, ES; Godino, A; Hurd, YL; Kiraly, DD; Landry, JA; Mervosh, NL; Nestler, EJ; Peck, EG; Russo, SJ; Salery, M, 2018) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a disorder that still lacks diagnostic biomarkers or effective pharmacotherapy." | ( Bormans, G; Casteels, C; de Laat, B; Himmelreich, U; Leurquin-Sterk, G; Van Laere, K; Weerasekera, A, 2018) |
| "Cocaine abuse is a problem of current interest, which is mostly hidden and underdiagnosed, but dramatically widespread among all socio-economic strata, and with an incidence which is increasing at an alarming rate." | ( Antoñanzas, J; España, A; Moreno-Artero, E; Pilar Gil-Sánchez, M; Querol-Cisneros, E; Rodríguez-Garijo, N; Secundino, F; Tomás-Velázquez, A, 2018) |
| "Cocaine addiction is related to impulsive decision making that is mediated by brain circuitry involved in reward processing and executive functions, such as cognitive control and attentional salience." | ( Bell, RP; Hobkirk, AL; Huettel, S; Meade, CS; Utevsky, AV, 2019) |
| "Treating cocaine addiction is a major challenge and currently no FDA approved pharmacotherapies exist." | ( Bavley, CC; Rajadhyaksha, AM, 2019) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a disorder where relapses are frequently presented and many factors are involved." | ( Álvarez, AI; Casas, M; Daigre, C; Díaz-Morán, S; Grau-López, L; Palma-Álvarez, RF; Rodríguez-Cintas, L; Roncero, C; Ros-Cucurull, E, 2019) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic disorder with high relapse rates; therefore, understanding the neuronal mechanisms underlying drug-seeking during relapse is a priority to develop targeted pharmacotherapy." | ( Arenas, MC; Manzanedo, C; Mateos-García, A; Miñarro, J, 2020) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic relapsing brain disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking." | ( Bu, Q; Cen, X; Guo, W; Long, H; Tian, J; Wang, H; Zhao, Y, 2020) |
| "Individuals with cocaine addiction are characterized by under-responsiveness to natural reinforcers." | ( Le, TM; Li, CR; Zhang, S; Zhornitsky, S, 2019) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by alterations in motivational and cognitive processes involved in goal-directed behavior." | ( Barrós-Loscertales, A; Bustamante, JC; Costumero, V; Fuentes-Claramonte, P; Llopis-Llacer, JJ; Rosell-Negre, P, 2020) |
| "Vulnerability to cocaine addiction is associated with dysregulation of this signaling." | ( Caffino, L; Diniz, DM; Fumagalli, F; Homberg, JR; Mottarlini, F; Verheij, MM, 2019) |
| "Cocaine abuse is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality." | ( Kampman, KM, 2019) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic, relapsing disorder." | ( Caccamise, A; Corbett, CM; Loweth, JA; Munshi, S; Rosenkranz, JA; Wolf, ME, 2021) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic brain disease characterized by compulsive drug intake and dysregulation of brain reward systems." | ( Butelman, ER; Kreek, MJ; Reed, B; Valenza, M; Windisch, KA, 2020) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic disorder in which the person loses control over drug use." | ( Ávila-Gámiz, F; Castilla-Ortega, E; Gil-Rodríguez, S; Mañas-Padilla, MC; Rodríguez de Fonseca, F; Sampedro-Piquero, P; Santín, LJ, 2021) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic illness characterized by maladaptive drug-induced neuroplastic changes that confer lasting vulnerability to relapse." | ( Jensen, KL; Thomsen, M; Weikop, P, 2020) |
| "Cocaine addiction is characterized by overwhelming craving for the substance, which drives its escalating use despite adverse consequences." | ( Baumgartner, MR; Engeli, EJE; Esposito, F; Henning, A; Herdener, M; Hock, A; Hulka, LM; Kirschner, M; Nordt, C; Quednow, BB; Scheidegger, M; Seifritz, E; Zoelch, N, 2021) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a severe psychiatric condition for which currently no effective pharmacotherapy is available." | ( Barros, M; Filip, M; Frankowska, M; Gulbins, E; Jesus, FM; Kalinichenko, LS; Kornhuber, J; Maior, RS; Mühle, C; Müller, CP; Pacheco, JVN; Piechota, M; Sadakierska-Chudy, A; Smaga, I, 2021) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic and relapsing disorder with an important genetic component." | ( Bellivier, F; Besson, M; Correia, C; Corringer, PJ; Forget, B; Gielen, M; Icick, R; Maskos, U; Prevost, MS; Robert, J; Vorspan, F, 2021) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a global health problem with no approved pharmacotherapies." | ( Chesworth, R; Karl, T, 2020) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a serious health issue in Western countries." | ( Acher, F; Befort, K; Bourdy, R; De Sa Nogueira, D; Filliol, D; McCort-Tranchepain, I; Quessada, C; Romieu, P; Zwiller, J, 2021) |
| "Cocaine dependence is an important problem without any effective pharmacological treatment." | ( Aguilar, MA; Calpe-López, C; Gasparyan, A; Manzanares, J; Miñarro, J; Navarrete, F, 2021) |
| "The incidence of cocaine abuse is increasing especially in the U." | ( Grad, E; Thornton, C; Yaka, R, 2021) |
| "Cocaine abuse is associated with severe local effects on mucosal and osteocartilaginous structures, with a centrifugal spreading pattern from the nose, a condition known as cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions (CIMDL)." | ( Bondi, S; Gastaldi, G; Policaro, NS; Rampi, A; Vinciguerra, A, 2021) |
| "Cocaine addiction is associated with altered sensitivity to natural reinforcers and intense drug craving." | ( Dhingra, I; Le, TM; Li, CR; Wang, W; Zhang, S; Zhornitsky, S, 2021) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder that lacks of an effective treatment." | ( Cabrera, R; de la Torre, R; Farre, M; Gutiérrez-Martos, M; Langohr, K; Maldonado, R; Martin, M, 2021) |
| "Crack-cocaine dependence is a serious public health issue, related to several psychiatric and psychosocial problems." | ( Fischer, B; Laranjeira, R; Oikawa, KF; Perrenoud, LO; Ribeiro, M; Strang, J; Williams, AV, 2021) |
| "Cocaine dependence is a highly prevalent disease in modern society and lacks an effective treatment." | ( Aguilar, MA; Ledesma, JC; Manzanedo, C, 2021) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by maladaptation in the brain mesolimbic and nigrostriatal dopamine system." | ( Fayette, N; Ford, CP; Gong, S; Heinsbroek, JA, 2021) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a significant medical and public concern." | ( Alén, F; Bi, GH; Buck, T; Crissman, M; Galaj, E; Gardner, EL; Leggio, L; Moore, AR; Pari, S; Wang, B; Wise, RA; Xi, ZX; You, ZB, 2022) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a psychosocial disorder induced by the chronic use of cocaine and causes a large number of deaths around the world." | ( Chen, D; Ellsworth, E; Feng, H; Gao, K; Robison, AJ; Shen, L; Wei, GW, 2022) |
| "Cocaine abuse is widely increasing, especially in younger individuals." | ( Abrignani, MG; Amico, AF; Boschini, A; Caldarola, P; Ciccirillo, F; Cocozza, S; Colivicchi, F; Gabriele, M; Gabrielli, D; Giallauria, F; Grosseto, D; Gulizia, MM; Morici, N; Santucci, A, 2022) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a complex brain disorder involving long-term alterations that lead to loss of control over drug seeking." | ( Cabana-Domínguez, J; Cormand, B; Domingo-Rodriguez, L; Fernàndez-Castillo, N; Maldonado, R; Martín-García, E, 2022) |
| "Cocaine addiction is a serious condition with potentially lethal complications and no current pharmacological approaches towards treatment." | ( Andressoo, JO; Garton, DR; Iivanainen, V; Turconi, G, 2023) |
| "Cocaine abuse is a serious public health problem as this drug exerts a plethora of functional and histopathological changes that potentially lead to death." | ( Addobbati, R; Aleksova, A; Concato, M; D'Errico, S; Fluca, AL; Giacomello, E; Peruch, M; Radaelli, D, 2023) |
| Excerpt | Reference |
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| "Cocaine abuse has also been associated with vascular pathology, including vasculitis, vasospasm and hemorrhage." | ( Chang, SL; Fiala, M; Gan, XH; Graves, MC; House, SD; Kim, KS; Newton, T; Shapshak, P; Stins, M; Witte, M; Zhang, L, 1998) |
| "The epidemic of cocaine abuse has led to numerous studies on the substance." | ( Anglin, MD; Boyle, K; Hser, YI; Shaw, VN, 1999) |
| "Because cocaine dependence has been associated with increases in brain phospholipid precursors, as well as depletion of dopamine within the central nervous system, the present outpatient study was conducted to assess the safety of citicoline (500 mg bid) and to determine if short-term treatment alters mood states and cocaine craving in subjects with a history of cocaine dependence." | ( Daniels, S; Lukas, SE; Lundahl, LH; Renshaw, PF; Rogers, V, 1999) |
| "Cocaine abuse has reached epidemic proportions in the United States, and several forms of renal disease have been associated with this widespread use." | ( Hewan-Lowe, K; Nzerue, CM; Riley, LJ, 2000) |
| "Cocaine dependence has become a substantial public health problem, developing a significant number of medical, psychological and social problems, including the spread of infectious diseases (e." | ( Churchill, R; Farrell, M; Lima, AR; Lima, MS; Soares, BG, 2000) |
| "Cocaine dependence has become a substantial public health problem, developing a significant number of medical, psychological and social problems, including the spread of infectious diseases (e." | ( Farrell, M; Lima, AR; Lima, MS; Soares, BG, 2001) |
| "Cocaine dependence has become a substantial public health problem, developing a significant number of medical, psychological and social problems, including the spread of infectious diseases (e." | ( Farrell, M; Lima, AR; Lima, MS; Soares, BG, 2002) |
| "Cocaine abuse has been associated with widely distributed areas of significant cerebral blood flow (CBF) reductions or hypo-perfusion as well as CBF hyper-perfusion, but these perfusion abnormalities have not been examined using newer technologies such as statistical parametric mapping (SPM)." | ( Gottschalk, PC; Kosten, TR, 2002) |
| "Cocaine abuse has been associated with various cardiovascular complications, including angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death." | ( Audickas, D; Auskalniene, R; Statkeviciene, AE; Unikas, R; Zaliūnas, R, 2002) |
| "Chronic cocaine abuse has been associated with cerebrovascular pathology." | ( Lee, JH; Springer, CS; Telang, FW; Volkow, ND, 2003) |
| "Cocaine abuse has been implicated in multiple cardiovascular complications." | ( Bart, BA; Henry, CR; Henry, TD; Murad, MB; Satran, A; Satran, D; Talukdar, S, 2005) |
| "Cocaine abuse has no established pharmacotherapy, but active immunotherapy with a cocaine vaccine shows promise as a therapeutic intervention." | ( Gonsai, K; Kosten, TR; Martell, BA; Mitchell, E; Poling, J, 2005) |
| "As cocaine abuse has become widespread, it has been associated with various cardiovascular complications, including angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death." | ( Cigarroa, JE; Hillis, LD; Lange, RA, 2004) |
| "Animal models of cocaine abuse have served as valuable additions to human data and allow examination of specific aspects of cocaine abuse, including immediate early gene expression and the molecular effects of abstinence and relapse." | ( Freeman, WM; Lull, ME; Mash, DC; Vrana, KE, 2008) |
| "Cocaine dependence has become a public health problem, developing a significant number of medical, psychological and social problems." | ( Farrell, M; Lima Reisser, AA; Silva de Lima, M; Soares, BG, 2009) |
| "Treatments for cocaine abuse have been disappointingly ineffective, especially in comparison with those for some other abused substances." | ( Kinsey, BM; Kosten, TR; Orson, FM; Singh, RA; Wu, Y, 2009) |
| "Cocaine dependence has also been linked to dysregulation of stress response and the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis which may differ between genders." | ( Back, SE; Brady, KT; Desantis, SM; Kreek, MJ; McRae, AL; Price, KL; Simpson, AN; Spratt, EG; Waldrop, AE, 2010) |
| "Cocaine addiction has somatic, psychological, psychiatric, socio-economic and legal implications in the developed world." | ( Alenina, N; Bader, M; Filip, M; Przegaliński, E, 2010) |
| "Cocaine dependence has been associated with blunted dopamine and norepinephrine signaling, but it is unknown if recreational cocaine use is also associated with alterations of catecholamine systems." | ( Baumgartner, MR; Hulka, LM; Ingold, N; Jenni, D; Preller, KH; Quednow, BB; Vollenweider, FX; Vonmoos, M, 2013) |
| "Cocaine dependence has proved difficult to treat, whether it occurs alone or in combination with opiate dependence." | ( Boss, J; Bürki, C; Dürsteler-MacFarland, KM; Farronato, NS; Kuntze, MF; Petitjean, SA; Strasser, J; Wiesbeck, GA, 2013) |
| "Cocaine abuse has been associated with a number of psychiatric, medical and neurological complications." | ( Kapranou, R; Kritikos, K; Mavroidis, N; Soitou, K, 2014) |
| "Cocaine abuse has been shown to accelerate the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-associated neurological disorders (HANDs) partially through increasing neuroinflammatory response mediated by activated astrocytes; however, the detailed molecular mechanism of cocaine-mediated astrocyte activation is unclear." | ( Buch, S; Cai, Y; Callen, S; Chen, X; Yang, L; Yao, H, 2016) |
| "Crack-cocaine addiction has increasingly become a public health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries." | ( Andrich, F; Areal, LB; Cicilini, MA; Martins-Silva, C; Mendonça, JB; Moraes, LS; Nakamura-Palacios, EM; Pelição, FS; Pires, RG; Rodrigues, LC, 2015) |
| "Cocaine addiction has been associated with increased sensitivity of the human reward circuit to drug-related stimuli." | ( Batlle, F; Cámara, E; Cervantes, M; Fabregas, JM; Ferrer, X; Lazcano, G; Pérez de Los Cobos, J; Riba, J; Rodríguez-Fornells, A; Sales, JA; Sampedro, F; Vaquero, L, 2017) |
| "Crack cocaine dependence has become a severe public health problem in Brazil, and current psychosocial approaches to this problem have shown little or no effectiveness." | ( Cogo-Moreira, H; da Silva, CJ; Laranjeira, RR; Madruga, CS; McPherson, S; Miguel, AQ; Roll, JM; Simões, V; Yamauchi, R, 2016) |
| "Cocaine dependence has been associated with alterations in the brain's white matter integrity, yet relevant questions remain about what alterations are linked to cocaine use and/or polysubstance use, and whether they are amenable to abstinence." | ( Catena, A; Perez-Garcia, M; van Son, D; Verdejo-García, A; Wiers, RW, 2016) |
| "Cocaine abuse has long been known to cause morbidity and mortality due to its cardiovascular toxic effects." | ( Arese, M; Badiani, A; Graziani, M; Magnifico, MC; Sarti, P; Saso, L, 2017) |
| "Cocaine dependence has a strong heritability component." | ( Ballon, N; Jehel, L; Lacoste, J; Lamy, S; Maroteaux, L; Ramoz, N; Thibaut, F, 2020) |
| "Cocaine abuse has been linked to impaired inhibition in the verbal and nonverbal domains." | ( Bajo, MT; Colzato, LS; Paolieri, D; Ruiz, MJ, 2019) |
| "Cocaine abuse has a negative impact on the immune system." | ( Aki, T; Funakoshi, T; Kaga, H; Nomura, M; Uemura, K; Unuma, K, 2022) |
| "Cocaine abuse has a negative impact on the immune system." | ( Aki, T; Funakoshi, T; Kaga, H; Nomura, M; Uemura, K; Unuma, K, 2022) |
| Excerpt | Reference |
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| "Existing pharmacodynamic approaches to cocaine abuse treatment have not been widely successful." | ( Gorelick, DA, 1997) |
| "Clinical trials in cocaine abusers with cerebral perfusion defects are indicated and EAA antagonists hold promise as they are developed for stroke treatment." | ( Kosten, TR, 1998) |
| "Current treatments for cocaine addiction are not effective." | ( Ashley, JA; Hoffman, TZ; Janda, KD; Matsushita, M; Wirsching, P; Zhou, B, 2001) |
| "Nine adult volunteers with histories of cocaine abuse were trained to discriminate between orally administered cocaine (100 mg/70 kg) and placebo capsules under double-blind conditions." | ( Garrett, BE; Griffiths, RR; Jones, HE, 2001) |
| "Treatment efforts for cocaine addiction are hampered by high relapse rates." | ( Gardner, EL; Hayes, RJ; Liu, X; Spector, JA; Vorel, SR, 2001) |
| "Treatment of cocaine addiction is hampered by high rates of relapse even after prolonged drug abstinence." | ( Crombag, H; De Vries, TJ; Dieben, J; Homberg, JR; Schoffelmeer, AN; Schuurman, K; Shaham, Y; Vanderschuren, LJ, 2001) |
| "One aspect of immunopharmacotherapy for cocaine abuse involves the use of a catalytic monoclonal antibody (mAb) to degrade cocaine via hydrolysis of the benzoate ester." | ( Hoffman, TZ; Isomura, S; Janda, KD; Wirsching, P, 2002) |
| "One therapeutic paradigm for cocaine abuse is a 24-h 'agonist' treatment which reduces reinforcing effects in a manner similar to the methadone maintenance model for heroin." | ( Davidson, C; Ellinwood, EH; King, GR; Lee, TH; Yu, GZ, 2002) |
| "It is now being studied as a potential treatment for cocaine dependence." | ( Cornish, JW; Dackis, CA; Kampman, KM; Lynch, KG; O'Brien, CP; Poole, S; Rowan, A; Samaha, FF; White, L; Yu, E, 2003) |
| "Treatment of cocaine addiction includes anti-craving agents, dopamine agonists or blocking agents, antidepressants, and treatment of co-morbid psychiatric disorders, but all with mixed results." | ( Kleber, HD, 2003) |
| "The efficacy of opioid medications to treat opioid or cocaine dependence may differ by sex." | ( Feingold, A; Jatlow, P; Kosten, TR; Oliveto, AH; Schottenfeld, R, 1999) |
| "One approach for studying cocaine addiction has been to permit escalating patterns of self-administration (SA) by rats by prolonging daily drug availability." | ( Ho, A; Kreek, MJ; Mantsch, JR; Mathieu-Kia, AM; Yuferov, V, 2003) |
| "Because DS shows treatment efficacy for cocaine addiction, results from this study suggest potential treatment agents should enhance, not attenuate, locomotor sensitization in rats." | ( During, MJ; Haile, CN; Jatlow, PI; Kosten, TA; Kosten, TR, 2003) |
| "Disulfiram has emerged as a promising treatment for cocaine dependence, but it has not yet been evaluated in general populations of cocaine users." | ( Ball, SA; Carroll, KM; Fenton, LR; Frankforter, TL; Nich, C; Rounsaville, BJ; Shi, J, 2004) |
| "Thirty-seven abstinent cocaine abusers and 13 normal controls were administered resting 99m-Tc-HMPAO single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans followed by a neuropsychological assessment battery tapping executive skills, attention, memory, and motor performance." | ( Beauvals, J; Browndyke, JN; Cohen, RA; Gottschalk, PC; Kosten, TR; Tucker, KA; Woods, SP, 2004) |
| "The effects of progesterone treatment on cocaine dependence need to be further studied in controlled trials." | ( Kosten, TR; Mitchell, E; Sofuoglu, M, 2004) |
| "placebo for the treatment of cocaine dependence." | ( Brady, K; Cochran, K; Halushka, P; Hedden, S; Herron, J; LaRowe, S; Malcolm, R; Moak, D; Woolson, R, 2005) |
| "To determine if modafinil, a putative treatment for cocaine dependence, influences the pharmacokinetics of intravenous cocaine in otherwise healthy cocaine-dependent volunteers." | ( Chiang, CN; DeVane, CL; Donovan, JL; Elkashef, A; Malcolm, RJ; Mojsiak, J; Taylor, RM, 2005) |
| "CD subjects enrolled in a treatment trial for cocaine dependence were recruited for this proton (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) study." | ( Ciraulo, DA; Hennen, J; Jensen, JE; Ke, Y; Knapp, C; Kwak, T; Meyer, AA; Nassar, LE; Renshaw, PF; Sarid-Segal, O; Streeter, CC, 2005) |
| "To be an effective pharmacotherapy for cocaine addiction, the potential drug must be safe, long-acting, and have minimal abuse potential." | ( Carroll, FI; Fox, BS; Howard, JL; Howell, LL; Kuhar, MJ, 2006) |
| "Because cocaine abusers frequently self-administer higher and repeated doses, we conclude that the short detection times observed in single-dose studies underestimate the utility of oral fluid for detection of cocaine abuse in realistic settings." | ( Cone, EJ; Jufer, R; Sampson-Cone, A; Walsh, SL, 2006) |
| "Disulfiram has been studied as a treatment for cocaine dependence." | ( Baker, JR; Jatlow, P; McCance-Katz, EF, 2007) |
| "The sample was composed of 211 cocaine abusers out of three target groups: (1) treatment group undergoing opioid maintenance therapy, (2) marginalized scene group and (3) integrated party group." | ( Bäwert, A; Eder, H; Fischer, G; Jagsch, R; Primus, N; Thau, K; Zanki, M, 2006) |
| "Similarly, the impact of cocaine abuse on psychiatric and social function in subjects already affected by opioid addiction is still poorly understood and further studies are necessary to investigate this specific area that could profoundly affect methadone maintenance treatment." | ( Bandettini Di Poggio, A; Fornai, F; Maremmani, I; Pacini, M; Paparelli, A; Perugi, G, 2006) |
| "Treatment-seeking cocaine abusers (N = 31) were randomly assigned to a two-session MI intervention or a minimal control condition." | ( George, MR; Ingersoll, G; Martin, LE; Potts, GF; Stotts, AL, 2006) |
| "Alcohol and cocaine abuse result in unsatisfactory treatment outcomes for heroin and illicit opioid addicts engaged in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Programs (MMTPs)." | ( Lovrecic, M; Maremmani, I; Marini, G; Mellini, A; Pacini, M; Pani, PP; Perugi, G; Shinderman, M, 2007) |
| "The potential efficacy of tiagabine for treating cocaine dependence is suggested by both pre-clinical research and two small clinical trials." | ( Ciraulo, DA; Coleman, FS; Elkashef, A; Goldsmith, RJ; Grabowski, J; Harrer, JM; Horn, P; Kahn, R; Lewis, D; Li, SH; Mezinskis, J; Mindrum, G; Montgomery, MA; Osman, S; Somoza, E; Winhusen, T, 2007) |
| "Eleven cocaine abusers were administered methylphenidate (0, 15, 30, and 45 mg) or modafinil (0, 150, 300, and 450 mg) across four experimental sessions." | ( Fillmorex, MT; Hays, LR; Rush, CR; Vansickel, AR, 2008) |
| "Relapse is a hallmark feature of cocaine addiction and a main challenge for treatment strategies." | ( Dalley, JW; Economidou, D; Everitt, BJ; Pelloux, Y; Robbins, TW, 2009) |
| "Treatments for cocaine abuse have been disappointingly ineffective, especially in comparison with those for some other abused substances." | ( Kinsey, BM; Kosten, TR; Orson, FM; Singh, RA; Wu, Y, 2009) |
| "CM appears to be an efficacious treatment for cocaine dependence among methadone maintenance clients, regardless of ethnicity." | ( Barry, D; Petry, NM; Sullivan, B, 2009) |
| "The use of valproate as a treatment for cocaine dependence is not supported." | ( Reid, MS; Thakkar, V, 2009) |
| "In fact, we found that cocaine addiction-related behaviors can be eliminated by housing cocaine-treated mice in EE during periods of forced abstinence." | ( Chauvet, C; Goldberg, SR; Jaber, M; Lardeux, V; Solinas, M, 2009) |
| "Regarding treatment of cocaine dependence, data suggest that prolonged d-amphetamine treatment may be necessary to produce a sustained reduction in the reinforcing effects of cocaine." | ( Czoty, PW; Martelle, JL; Nader, MA, 2010) |
| "Evidence for topiramate in the treatment of cocaine dependence is promising, but limited by small sample size." | ( Greenfield, SF; Shinn, AK, 2010) |
| "There is no effective treatment for cocaine addiction despite extensive knowledge of the neurobiology of drug addiction." | ( Arolfo, M; Blackburn, B; Chu, N; Diamond, I; Fan, P; Jiang, Z; Kim, HY; Lee, J; Leung, K; Olive, MF; Shryock, J; Sun, HL; Yao, L; Zablocki, J, 2010) |
| "No medication is approved to treat cocaine addiction, but mounting evidence suggests that glutamate-directed approaches may reduce cocaine dependence and relapse." | ( Corley, G; Henry, C; Kim, JK; Rasmussen, BA; Rawls, SM; Walker, EA; Ward, SJ, 2011) |
| "Many pharmacotherapies for treating cocaine dependence are aimed at reducing drug effects, alleviating craving, and preventing relapse." | ( Berko, J; Geaghan, T; Licata, SC; Looby, A; Lukas, SE; Palmer, C; Penetar, DM; Peters, E; Ravichandran, C; Renshaw, PF; Rodolico, J; Ryan, E, 2011) |
| "The present study (Cocaine Addiction Treatments to improve Control and reduce Harm; CATCH) investigates the possibilities and problems associated with new pharmacological treatments for crack dependent patients." | ( Blanken, P; Hendriks, V; Nuijten, M; van den Brink, W, 2011) |
| "Disulfiram efficacy in treatment of cocaine addiction is attributed to the inhibition of dopamine-β-hydroxylase and reduction in brain noradrenaline (NA)/dopamine (DA) ratio." | ( Cadeddu, R; Devoto, P; Flore, G; Gessa, GL; Saba, P, 2012) |
| "Based on the known sex differences in cocaine addiction, in the current study we examined orexin-mediated cocaine seeking during self-administration, extinction, and reinstatement in age-matched male (initial weight 250-300 g) and female (initial weight 175-225 g) Sprague-Dawley rats by using the orexin-1 receptor (OX1R) antagonist 1-(2-methylbenzoxazol-6-yl)-3-[1,5]naphthyridin-4-yl urea (SB-334867) (10-30 mg/kg)." | ( Cameron, MD; Chan, C; Ghee, SM; Kenny, PJ; Lin, L; See, RE; Zhou, L, 2012) |
| "The treatment of cocaine addiction remains a challenge." | ( Canales, JJ; Ferragud, A; García-Sevilla, JA; Ramos-Miguel, A; Velázquez-Sánchez, C, 2013) |
| "Disulfiram has been an effective cocaine addiction pharmacotherapy, and one of its possible mechanisms of efficacy is through copper chelation and inhibition of an enzyme involved in catecholamine metabolism, dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH), which converts dopamine to norepinephrine." | ( Hamon, SC; Harding, MJ; Huang, W; Kosten, TR; Lappalainen, J; Nielsen, DA; Wu, G, 2013) |
| "We are investigating treatments for cocaine abuse based on viral gene transfer of a cocaine hydrolase (CocH) derived from human butyrylcholinesterase, which can reduce cocaine-stimulated locomotion and cocaine-primed reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior in rats for many months." | ( Brimijoin, S; Gao, Y; Kinsey, B; Kosten, TR; Orson, F; Shen, XY; White, SJ, 2013) |
| "In a second sample of 14 cocaine abusers and 15 controls, administration of an indirect dopamine agonist, methylphenidate, reversed these midbrain responses in both groups, possibly indicating normalization of response in cocaine abusers because of restoration of dopamine signaling but degradation of response in healthy controls owing to excessive dopamine signaling." | ( Goldstein, RZ; Honorio, J; Moeller, SJ; Tomasi, D; Volkow, ND, 2012) |
| "Effective medications to treat cocaine dependence have not been identified." | ( Hasson, A; Hillhouse, M; Lindblad, R; Ling, W; McCormack, J; Mooney, LJ; Nielsen, S; Saxon, A; Stablein, D; Thomas, C, 2013) |
| "Disulfiram is a potential cocaine addiction pharmacotherapy." | ( Hamon, SC; Harding, MJ; Kosten, TR; Nielsen, DA; Spellicy, CJ, 2013) |
| "Disulfiram is a cocaine addiction pharmacotherapy that inhibits dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH) and reduces norepinephrine production." | ( Hamon, SC; Harding, MJ; Huang, W; Kosten, TR; Nielsen, DA; Shorter, D, 2013) |
| "A new pharmacokinetic approach treating cocaine addiction involves rapidly metabolizing cocaine before it reaches brain reward centers using mutated human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) or cocaine hydrolase (CocH)." | ( Brimijoin, S; Carroll, ME; Gao, Y; Parks, RJ; Saykao, AT; Zlebnik, NE, 2014) |
| "Disulfiram may be efficacious for treating cocaine dependence or abuse, possibly through inhibiting dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH)." | ( Chawarski, MC; Cubells, JF; George, TP; Kosten, TR; Lappalainen, J; Schottenfeld, RS, 2014) |
| "There is no FDA-approved medication for treating cocaine dependence." | ( Bidlack, JM, 2014) |
| "Treating cocaine addiction using dopamine replacement strategies, treats withdrawal but not relapse." | ( Bye, A, 2014) |
| "To evaluate whether chronic cocaine abuse will increase cardiac Fas-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways, thirty-two male Wistar rats at 3-4 months of age were randomly divided into a vehicle-treated group (phosphate-buffered saline, PBS, 0." | ( Kuo, CH; Lee, SD; Liou, CM; Ting, H; Tsai, SC, 2014) |
| "Developing personalized treatments for cocaine dependence remains a significant clinical challenge." | ( Carpenter, KM; Luo, SX; Martinez, D; Nunes, EV; Slifstein, M, 2014) |
| "Twenty-nine cocaine abusers were randomized 1:1 (active: placebo) to 4 sequences and 2 treatment periods." | ( Fudala, PJ; Heidbreder, C; Liu, Y; Nasser, AF; Zheng, B, 2014) |
| "For many individuals in treatment for cocaine dependence, weight gain is a substantial problem during recovery." | ( Billing, L; Ersche, KD, 2015) |
| "Citicoline was well tolerated for treatment of cocaine dependence in patients with bipolar disorder." | ( Adinoff, B; Bret, ME; Brown, ES; Carmody, TJ; Holmes, T; Hu, LT; Lo, A; Nakamura, A; Rush, AJ; Schmitz, JM; Sunderajan, P; Todd, JP, 2015) |
| "CM enhances outcomes for CBT treatment of cocaine dependence, but disulfiram provided no added benefit to the combination of CM and CBT." | ( Ball, SA; Carroll, KM; Eagan, DA; Nich, C; Petry, NM; Shi, JM, 2016) |
| "A promising approach in treating cocaine abuse is to metabolize cocaine in the blood using a mutated butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) that functions as a cocaine hydrolase (CocH)." | ( Brimijoin, S; Carroll, ME; Gao, Y; Greer, A; Parks, RJ; Smethells, JR; Swalve, N, 2016) |
| "All patients were scanned prior to treatment for cocaine dependence." | ( Carroll, KM; DeVito, EE; Kober, H; Potenza, MN; Worhunsky, PD; Yip, SW, 2016) |
| "The key problem in treating cocaine addiction is the maintenance of a drug-free state as negative emotional symptoms during abstinence often trigger relapse." | ( Bailey, A; Georgiou, P; Hourani, S; Kitchen, I; Zanos, P, 2016) |
| "Due to the complexity of crack -cocaine addiction treatment, the identification of biological markers that could help determining the impact or outcome of drug use has become a major subject of study." | ( Bristot, G; Fumagalli, F; Kapczinski, F; Kessler, FHP; Ornell, F; Pechansky, F; Pfaffenseller, B; Scherer, JN; Schuch, S; Sordi, AO; von Diemen, L, 2016) |
| "Three aspects of cocaine abuse vulnerability were assessed in adulthood after discontinuing adolescent treatments: acquisition rate and dose-related responding under fixed (FR) and progressive (PR) ratio schedules." | ( Dwoskin, LP; Jordan, CJ; Kantak, KM; Lemay, C, 2016) |
| "A major challenge for treating cocaine addiction is the propensity for abstinent users to relapse." | ( Caccamise, A; Glynn, RM; Loweth, JA; Rosenkranz, JA; Shroff, F; Smith, AB; Wolf, ME, 2018) |
| "An important goal for the treatment of cocaine addiction is to identify neuromarkers that can predict individual vulnerability to relapse after abstinence." | ( Ahmed, SH; Guillem, K, 2018) |
| "Pharmacological treatment of cocaine addiction is still limited, opening space for nonconventional interventions." | ( Acorinte, AC; Adler, MS; Adler, UC; Calzavara, FO; da Silva, AA; de Toledo Cesar, A; Galduróz, JCF; Martinez, EZ, 2018) |
| "Work using rodent models of cocaine addiction has found evidence for reversal learning deficits 21 days after non-contingent cocaine administration and 60 days after self-administration." | ( Bechard, AR; Jackson, B; Knackstedt, LA; LaCrosse, A; Namba, MD, 2018) |
| "Treating cocaine addiction is a major challenge and currently no FDA approved pharmacotherapies exist." | ( Bavley, CC; Rajadhyaksha, AM, 2019) |
| "Developing new medications for the treatment of cocaine dependence continues to be a research priority." | ( Barnes, M; Cippitelli, A; Toll, L; Zaveri, NT, 2020) |
| "We evaluated model traits for cocaine addiction risk and cocaine self-administration behaviors using a longitudinal within-subjects design." | ( Bryant, CD; Kantak, KM; Mathieson, E; Stots, C, 2021) |
| "Particularly, for treatment of cocaine abuse, previous studies demonstrated that an exogenous cocaine-metabolizing enzyme, for example, CocH3-Fc(M3), can effectively block cocaine-induced hyperactivity." | ( Deng, J; Kim, K; Shang, L; Zhan, CG; Zheng, F; Zheng, X, 2022) |
| "A promising strategy for cocaine addiction treatment is the anti-drug vaccine." | ( Apolo Correia Marcelino, S; Augusto, PSA; Caligiorne, SM; Castro, M; Coutinho Batista Esteves, F; Da Silva Neto, L; de Fátima, Â; Dias Dos Reis, K; Garcia, F; Goulart, G; Lima Gonçalves Pereira, R; Pierezan, F; Pires do Espírito Santo, L; Rodrigues Dias Assis, B; Sabato, B; Toshio Fujiwara, R, 2023) |