Aluminum phosphate is a white, odorless, and tasteless inorganic compound with the chemical formula AlPO4. It is a naturally occurring mineral known as variscite. Aluminum phosphate is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications, including as a fire retardant, a catalyst, a filler in plastics and paints, and an adsorbent. It is often used in the synthesis of other aluminum-containing compounds. Aluminum phosphate is also studied for its potential use in various fields, such as medicine, agriculture, and environmental remediation. Its importance lies in its unique properties, such as its thermal stability, its ability to absorb water, and its catalytic activity.'
aluminum phosphate: gel used as immunologic adjuvent; RN given refers to Al salt [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 64655 |
| CHEMBL ID | 3833315 |
| MeSH ID | M0059957 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| aluminum phosphate (usp) |
| D02862 |
| 7784-30-7 |
| phosphaljel (tn) |
| aluminum acid phosphate |
| aluminiumphosphat [german] |
| phosphaljel |
| aluphos |
| aluminium orthophosphate, natural |
| phosphoric acid, aluminum salt (1:1) |
| aluminum phosphate (1:1) |
| aluminophosphoric acid |
| aluminum phosphate |
| aluminum monophosphate |
| einecs 232-056-9 |
| ffb 32 |
| monoaluminum phosphate |
| phosphalugel |
| aluminum phosphoric acid |
| aluminum dihydrogen phosphate |
| unii-f92v3s521o |
| f92v3s521o , |
| aluminum phosphate [usp] |
| aluminiumphosphat |
| aluminium orthophosphate |
| ec 232-056-9 |
| FT-0622223 |
| aluminium phosphate |
| aluminium phosphate gel [ep monograph] |
| aluminum phosphate gel |
| aluminum phosphate [mi] |
| aluminum phosphate [vandf] |
| aluminium phosphate (1:1) |
| aluminium phosphate [who-dd] |
| aluminum phosphate [usp impurity] |
| aluminium phosphate gel |
| aluminium phosphate [mart.] |
| phosphoric acid, aluminium salt (1:1) |
| AKOS015856690 |
| ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K |
| DTXSID5064839 , |
| 98499-64-0 |
| aluminumphosphate |
| mfcd00003430 |
| aluminum phosphate, puratronic |
| CHEMBL3833315 |
| 56574-68-6 |
| phosphoric acid, aluminum salt, basic |
| DB14517 |
| aluminum monophosphate; aluminum orthophosphate;phosphalutab; phosphaluvet; rehydraphos |
| alo4p |
| aluminium phosphate (mart.) |
| aluminum phosphate (usp impurity) |
| aluminium phosphoricum |
| dtxcid6048042 |
| aluminium phosphate gel (ep monograph) |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Upon treatment with aluminum phosphate, however, these protein levels were restored to normal gradually over 30-60 d in rats with acid RE (30.4% +/- 2.1% vs 20.5% +/- 2.1%, P > 0.05, treated vs untreated, respectively)." | ( Interleukin-6, desmosome and tight junction protein expression levels in reflux esophagitis-affected mucosa. Li, FY; Li, Y, 2009) | 0.67 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Subjects were studied after an initial dose given without gastric protection, after ingestion of a single dose given with aluminum phosphate and, lastly, after four days of continuous treatment with this product." | ( [The bioavailability of ketoprofen (Profenid) administered orally in combination with a gastric protector (aluminum phosphate, Phosphalugel)]. Ambert, D; Bannier, A; Brazier, JL; Tamisier, JN, 1983) | 0.69 |
The effect of aluminum phosphate on the bioavailability of ranitidine has been investigated in 10 young, healthy volunteers. Results of plasma peak level and its time of occurrence, area under the curve, half-life and elimination constant establish that ketoprofen is not changed by association with aluminum phosphate.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Al bioavailability depends on the solubility of the salt ingested as well as on the physicochemical properties of the Al soluble complexes formed in the gi fluid." | ( Why aluminum phosphate is less toxic than aluminum hydroxide. Berthon, G; Daydé, S, 1992) | 0.84 |
| "The effect of aluminum phosphate on the bioavailability of ranitidine has been investigated in 10 young, healthy volunteers." | ( Effect of aluminum phosphate on the bioavailability of ranitidine. Albin, H; Begaud, B; Bistue, C; Perez, P; Vinçon, G, 1987) | 1.04 |
| " Results of plasma peak level and its time of occurrence, area under the curve, half-life and elimination constant establish that bioavailability of ketoprofen is not changed by association with aluminum phosphate." | ( [The bioavailability of ketoprofen (Profenid) administered orally in combination with a gastric protector (aluminum phosphate, Phosphalugel)]. Ambert, D; Bannier, A; Brazier, JL; Tamisier, JN, 1983) | 0.67 |
| " During the absorption phase isofezolac plasma levels were slightly decreased in association with isofezolac-aspirin, but bioavailability of isofezolac was not modified." | ( The effect of antacid and aspirin on the bioavailability of isofezolac in man. Flouvat, B; Henry, JF; Rocher, I, 1984) | 0.27 |
| " The results indicate that aluminium phosphate does not reduce the bioavailability of cimetidine and prednisolone." | ( Effect of aluminium phosphate on the bioavailability of cimetidine and prednisolone. Albin, H; Bedjaoui, A; Begaud, B; Demotes-Mainard, F; Vincon, G, 1984) | 0.27 |
| "The purpose of this study was to determine whether a concomitant single dose of antacid (aluminium phosphate), or multiple doses of this antacid, administered prior to and with ketoprofen would alter the bioavailability of this non steroidal anti-inflammatory agent." | ( Bioavailability of ketoprofen in man with and without concomitant administration of aluminium phosphate. Ambert, D; Bannier, A; Brazier, JL; Tamisier, JN, 1981) | 0.26 |
| " Transformation from non-apatite inorganic phosphorus (NAIP) to apatite phosphorus (AP), which has a higher bioavailability and more extensive industrial applications, was studied at 750-950°C by sewage sludge incineration and model compound incineration with a calcium oxide (CaO) additive." | ( Transformation of apatite phosphorus and non-apatite inorganic phosphorus during incineration of sewage sludge. Li, R; Li, Y; Teng, W; Wang, W; Yang, T; Zhang, Z, 2015) | 0.42 |
| Product | Brand | Category | Compounds Matched from Ingredients | Date Retrieved |
|---|
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 68 (21.79) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 47 (15.06) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 110 (35.26) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 75 (24.04) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 12 (3.85) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (77.65) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 31 (9.34%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 10 (3.01%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 2 (0.60%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 289 (87.05%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effectiveness Evaluation of Mixed Gel of Hydrocortisone and Aluminium Phosphate Preventing Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Postoperative Stenosis for Patients With Early Esophageal Cancer Invading More Than 2/3 Esophageal Perimeter [NCT03165344] | 66 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-02-10 | Completed | |||
| [NCT02200237] | Phase 2 | 366 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2014-09-30 | Completed | ||
| A Phase I, Multicenter, Observer-Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Dose Escalation Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of the OSP:rTTHc Cholera Conjugate Vaccine in 19 to 45 Years Old Healthy Korean Participants [NCT05559983] | Phase 1 | 150 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-12-05 | Recruiting | ||
| Safety and Immunogenicity Study to Evaluate Single- or Two-Dose Regimens Of RSV F Vaccine With and Without Aluminum Phosphate or Matrix-M1™ Adjuvants In Clinically-Stable Older Adults [NCT03026348] | Phase 2 | 300 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-01-31 | Completed | ||
| Phase I, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Dosage-Escalation Study of the Safety and Immunogenicity of EBA-175 RII-NG Malaria Vaccine Administered Intramuscularly [NCT00347555] | Phase 1 | 80 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2006-05-31 | Completed | ||
| A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled (Positive and Placebo) Phase I Clinical Trial to Estimate Safty and Immunogenicity of the SCT1000 in Healthy Women Aged 18 to 45 Years [NCT04921111] | Phase 1 | 240 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2021-07-02 | Recruiting | ||
| A Phase 1 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of the Human Cytomegalovirus Vaccine (V160) in Healthy Adults [NCT01986010] | Phase 1 | 190 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2013-11-25 | Completed | ||
| Phase IV, Open Label Trial to Evaluate Immunogenicity of Tdap Vaccine in Post-Partum Women to Optimize Vaccination Schedule for Women Who May Have a Subsequent Child [NCT01711645] | Phase 4 | 55 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-10-26 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 12 months after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 12 months after vaccination
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 5 | 5 | 28 | 26 |
Blood was collected from participants at 18 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 18 months post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 15.1 | 44.6 | 121.1 | 330.7 |
Blood was collected from participants at 24 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 24 months post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 10.8 | 39.0 | 114.1 | 298.0 |
Blood was collected from participants at 6 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 6 months post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 19.2 | 62.4 | 212.3 | 492.8 |
Blood was collected from participants at 2 weeks after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 2 weeks post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 51.5 | 154.3 | 581.5 | 1156.3 |
Blood was collected from participants at 6 weeks after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 6 weeks post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 37.5 | 126.1 | 496.8 | 905.1 |
Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 12 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 12 months following vaccination
| Intervention | Fold Rise (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 1.6 | 2.5 | 5.1 | 6.9 |
Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 18 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 18 months following vaccination
| Intervention | Fold Rise (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 1.6 | 2.4 | 4.6 | 6.8 |
Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 24 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 24 months following vaccination
| Intervention | Fold Rise (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 1.4 | 2.2 | 4.9 | 7.0 |
Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 6 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 6 months following vaccination
| Intervention | Fold Rise (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 1.9 | 3.4 | 8.1 | 10.1 |
Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 6 weeks after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 6 weeks following vaccination
| Intervention | Fold Rise (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 3.5 | 6.7 | 19.1 | 18.6 |
Breast milk (colostrum) was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to the FHA antigen by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL along with the 95% confidence interval. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Baseline (prior to vaccination)
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 28.3 |
Breast milk was collected from participants at 6 months post vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to the FHA antigen by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL along with the 95% confidence interval. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 6 months post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 5.2 |
Breast milk was collected from participants at 2 weeks post vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to the FHA antigen by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL along with the 95% confidence interval. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 2 weeks post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 5.4 |
Breast milk was collected from participants at 6 weeks post vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to the FHA antigen by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL. Note that for the FHA at this timepoint, all participants had a concentration of 5, the imputed value for below the LLOQ of the assay (<10), and so the 95% CI is not reported, as there was no measurable variability in the data. The range is reported. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 6 weeks post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 5.0 |
Breast milk (colostrum) was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to the PT antigen by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL along with the 95% confidence interval. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of the assay was 10. Results of <10 were reported as half the LLOQ (5). (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Baseline (prior to vaccination)
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 28.8 |
Breast milk was collected from participants at 6 weeks after vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to PT and FHA by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL. Note that for the PT at this timepoint, all participants had a value of 5, the imputed value for below the LLOQ of the assay (<10), and so the 95% CI is not reported, as there was no measurable variability in the data. The range is reported. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 6 months post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 5.0 |
Breast milk was collected from participants at 2 weeks after vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to PT and FHA by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL. Note that for the PT at this timepoint, all participants had a value of 5, the imputed value for below the LLOQ of the assay (<10), and so the 95% CI is not reported, as there was no measurable variability in the data. The range is reported. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 2 weeks post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 5.0 |
Breast milk was collected from participants at 6 weeks after vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to PT and FHA by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL. Note that for the PT at this timepoint, all participants had a value of 5, the imputed value for below the LLOQ of the assay (<10), and so the 95% CI is not reported, as there was no measurable variability in the data. The range is reported. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 6 weeks post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 5.0 |
Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 2 weeks after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemaggluttinin (FHA), pertactin (PRN) and fimbrae (FIM) antigens. Antibody concentrations were reported as ELISA units per milliliter (EU/mL). The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% confidence interval (CI). (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 2 weeks following vaccination
| Intervention | Fold Rise (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 4.8 | 8.6 | 21.6 | 22.4 |
Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 18 months after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 18 months after vaccination
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 3 | 7 | 25 | 26 |
Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 24 months after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 24 months after vaccination
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 1 | 2 | 19 | 20 |
Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 6 months after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 6 months after vaccination
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 5 | 18 | 34 | 29 |
Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 2 weeks after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 2 weeks after vaccination
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 31 | 45 | 43 | 34 |
Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 6 weeks after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Prior to and 6 weeks after vaccination
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 21 | 44 | 42 | 34 |
Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. Antibody concentrations were reported as ELISA units per milliliter (EU/mL). A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) (<10 EU/mL). The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: Baseline (prior to vaccination)
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 6.6 | 15.9 | 20.3 | 38.1 |
Blood was collected from participants at 12 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI. (NCT01711645)
Timeframe: 12 months post vaccination
| Intervention | EU/mL (Geometric Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT | FHA | PRN | FIM | |
| Adacel® Tdap Vaccine | 15.1 | 46.2 | 141.1 | 368.7 |
An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding, for example), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product or protocol specified procedure, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product or protocol - specified procedure. Any worsening (i.e., any clinically significant adverse change in frequency and/or intensity) of a preexisting condition that is temporally associated with the use of the Sponsor's product, is also an AE. (NCT01986010)
Timeframe: Up to Month 6
| Intervention | Percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| HCMV Seropositive (+) V160 10u Intramuscular (IM) | 0 |
| HCMV + V160 30u IM | 7.1 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 250u IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 30u ID | 0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo ID | 0 |
| HCMV Seronegative (-) V160 10u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u IM | 9.1 |
| HCMV- V160 100u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 250u IM | 9.1 |
| HCMV- V160 Placebo IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u ID | 9.1 |
| HCMV- Placebo ID | 0 |
A serious adverse event is any adverse event occurring at any dose or during any use of Sponsor's product that does the following: results in death; is life threatening; results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity; results in or prolongs an existing inpatient hospitalization; is a congenital anomaly/birth defect; is a cancer; is associated with an overdose; is another important medical event (NCT01986010)
Timeframe: Up to 2 weeks after vaccination on Day 1, Month 1 and Month 6 (up to Day 15, Week 6 and Week 26)
| Intervention | Percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| HCMV Seropositive (+) V160 10u Intramuscular (IM) | 0 |
| HCMV + V160 30u IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 250u IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 30u ID | 0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo ID | 0 |
| HCMV Seronegative (-) V160 10u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 250u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 Placebo IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u ID | 0 |
| HCMV- Placebo ID | 0 |
A serious adverse event is any adverse event occurring at any dose or during any use of Sponsor's product that does the following: results in death; is life threatening; results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity; results in or prolongs an existing inpatient hospitalization; is a congenital anomaly/birth defect; is a cancer; is associated with an overdose; is another important medical event. A serious vaccine-related adverse event was determined by the investigator to be related to the vaccine. (NCT01986010)
Timeframe: Up to 2 weeks after vaccination on Day 1, Month 1 and Month 6 (up to Day 15, Week 6 and Week 26)
| Intervention | Percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| HCMV Seropositive (+) V160 10u Intramuscular (IM) | 0 |
| HCMV + V160 30u IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 250u IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 30u ID | 0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo ID | 0 |
| HCMV Seronegative (-) V160 10u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 250u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 Placebo IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u ID | 0 |
| HCMV- Placebo ID | 0 |
A Systemic AE includes, but is not exclusive of, the following AEs: fatigue, myalgia, headache and joint pain (NCT01986010)
Timeframe: Up to 2 weeks after vaccination on Day 1, Month 1 and Month 6 (up to Day 15, Week 6 and Week 26)
| Intervention | Percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| HCMV Seropositive (+) V160 10u Intramuscular (IM) | 66.7 |
| HCMV + V160 30u IM | 64.3 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u IM | 69.2 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u MAPA IM | 90.0 |
| HCMV+ V160 250u IM | 90.9 |
| HCMV+ Placebo IM | 57.9 |
| HCMV+ V160 30u ID | 80.0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo ID | 50.0 |
| HCMV Seronegative (-) V160 10u IM | 66.7 |
| HCMV- V160 30u IM | 90.0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u MAPA IM | 70.0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u IM | 100.0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u MAPA IM | 70.0 |
| HCMV- V160 250u IM | 90.9 |
| HCMV- V160 Placebo IM | 56.3 |
| HCMV- V160 30u ID | 100.0 |
| HCMV- Placebo ID | 100.0 |
An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding, for example), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product or protocol specified procedure, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product or protocol - specified procedure. Any worsening (i.e., any clinically significant adverse change in frequency and/or intensity) of a preexisting condition that is temporally associated with the use of the Sponsor's product, is also an AE. (NCT01986010)
Timeframe: Up to 2 weeks after vaccination on Day 1, Month 1 and Month 6 (up to Day 15, Week 6 and Week 26)
| Intervention | Percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| HCMV Seropositive (+) V160 10u Intramuscular (IM) | 75.0 |
| HCMV + V160 30u IM | 92.9 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u IM | 84.6 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u MAPA IM | 100.0 |
| HCMV+ V160 250u IM | 100.0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo IM | 57.9 |
| HCMV+ V160 30u ID | 100.0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo ID | 50.0 |
| HCMV Seronegative (-) V160 10u IM | 75.0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u IM | 90.0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u MAPA IM | 90.0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u IM | 100.0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u MAPA IM | 90.0 |
| HCMV- V160 250u IM | 90.9 |
| HCMV- V160 Placebo IM | 56.3 |
| HCMV- V160 30u ID | 100.0 |
| HCMV- Placebo ID | 100.0 |
Injection-site AEs are defined as redness, swelling, and pain/tenderness. (NCT01986010)
Timeframe: Up to 2 weeks after vaccination on Day 1, Month 1 and Month 6 (up to Day 15, Week 6 and Week 26)
| Intervention | Percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| HCMV Seropositive (+) V160 10u Intramuscular (IM) | 58.3 |
| HCMV + V160 30u IM | 85.7 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u IM | 69.2 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u MAPA IM | 80.0 |
| HCMV+ V160 250u IM | 100.0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo IM | 26.3 |
| HCMV+ V160 30u ID | 90.0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo ID | 0.0 |
| HCMV Seronegative (-) V160 10u IM | 66.7 |
| HCMV- V160 30u IM | 80.0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u MAPA IM | 80.0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u IM | 90.9 |
| HCMV- V160 100u MAPA IM | 90.0 |
| HCMV- V160 250u IM | 81.8 |
| HCMV- V160 Placebo IM | 31.3 |
| HCMV- V160 30u ID | 100.0 |
| HCMV- Placebo ID | 50.0 |
An event of clinical interest (ECI) is identified as any overdose, elevated liver values meeting threshold criteria (aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase ≥3x upper limit of normal (ULN); total bilirubin ≥2x ULN, and, at the same time, alkaline phosphatase <2xULN). Additionally, confirmed, diagnosed autoimmune conditions are considered ECIs. (NCT01986010)
Timeframe: Up to 18 months
| Intervention | Percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| HCMV Seropositive (+) V160 10u Intramuscular (IM) | 0 |
| HCMV + V160 30u IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 250u IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo IM | 0 |
| HCMV+ V160 30u ID | 0 |
| HCMV+ Placebo ID | 0 |
| HCMV Seronegative (-) V160 10u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 100u MAPA IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 250u IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 Placebo IM | 0 |
| HCMV- V160 30u ID | 0 |
| HCMV- Placebo ID | 0 |
In response to HCMV-specific stimulation of whole blood specimens the whole Blood Cytokine Stimulation (WBStim) assay was used to detect the secretion of interferon gamma (IFN -γ) by an ELISA assay. Results are presented for the following HCMV proteins: pp65, IE1, and gB. (NCT01986010)
Timeframe: Month 7 (1 month after vaccination 3 at Month 6)
| Intervention | ug/mL (Geometric Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| pp65 | IE1 | gB | |
| HCMV + V160 30u IM | 193 | 70 | 40 |
| HCMV Seronegative (-) V160 10u IM | 64 | 62 | 7 |
| HCMV Seropositive (+) V160 10u Intramuscular (IM) | 168 | 90 | 53 |
| HCMV- Placebo IM or ID | 5 | 5 | 6 |
| HCMV- V160 100u IM | 89 | 40 | 7 |
| HCMV- V160 100u MAPA IM | 8 | 11 | 10 |
| HCMV- V160 250u IM | 28 | 45 | 9 |
| HCMV- V160 30u ID | 24 | 40 | 5 |
| HCMV- V160 30u IM | 97 | 35 | 10 |
| HCMV- V160 30u MAPA IM | 24 | 28 | 5 |
| HCMV+ Placebo IM or ID | 112 | 24 | 16 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u IM | 79 | 13 | 64 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u MAPA IM | 86 | 35 | 27 |
| HCMV+ V160 250u IM | 211 | 20 | 27 |
| HCMV+ V160 30u ID | 64 | 27 | 62 |
In order to evaluate the cellular immune response to the vaccine(s), the HCMV enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay was used to detect interferon gamma (IFN-γ) secreting HCMV-specific cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Results are expressed as the frequency of spot forming cells (SFCs) per million PBMCs (SFC/10^6 PBMCs). Results are presented for the following HCMV proteins: pp65, Immediate early Protein 1 (IE1), Immediate early Protein 2 (IE2), Glycoprotein B (gB), and also for purified HCMV virion stock. (NCT01986010)
Timeframe: Month 7 (1 month after vaccination 3 at Month 6)
| Intervention | SFC/10^6 PBMCs (Geometric Mean) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pp65 | IE1 | IE2 | gB | Virus | |
| HCMV + V160 30u IM | 419 | 340 | 101 | 287 | 384 |
| HCMV Seronegative (-) V160 10u IM | 886 | 776 | 119 | 105 | 668 |
| HCMV Seropositive (+) V160 10u Intramuscular (IM) | 819 | 855 | 122 | 195 | 1190 |
| HCMV- Placebo IM or ID | 19 | 12 | 10 | 18 | 17 |
| HCMV- V160 100u IM | 380 | 577 | 146 | 185 | 621 |
| HCMV- V160 100u MAPA IM | 1325 | 933 | 86 | 86 | 777 |
| HCMV- V160 250u IM | 512 | 742 | 131 | 135 | 413 |
| HCMV- V160 30u ID | 1145 | 1796 | 194 | 174 | 1160 |
| HCMV- V160 30u IM | 468 | 358 | 22 | 14 | 79 |
| HCMV- V160 30u MAPA IM | 865 | 913 | 34 | 38 | 268 |
| HCMV+ Placebo IM or ID | 800 | 200 | 49 | 140 | 1357 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u IM | 1384 | 419 | 309 | 1137 | 2134 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u MAPA IM | 1105 | 370 | 72 | 217 | 1348 |
| HCMV+ V160 250u IM | 1206 | 417 | 93 | 253 | 1708 |
| HCMV+ V160 30u ID | 1080 | 379 | 32 | 294 | 937 |
Serum samples for measuring neutralizing antibodies using the Merck NAb assay were collected at months 1 and 2. The LiCor-based near-infrared dye (NIRDye) In-Cell Western (ICW) HCMV microneutralization assay was used to detect and quantify anti-HCMV neutralizing antibodies. Values below the lower limit of titer are represented by NA. (NCT01986010)
Timeframe: Month 1 and 2 (one month after vaccination 1 [Day 1] and vaccination 2 [Month 1])
| Intervention | Geometric Mean Titer (Geometric Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Month 1 | Month 2 | |
| HCMV + V160 30u IM | 5186 | 5443 |
| HCMV Seronegative (-) V160 10u IM | 73 | 143 |
| HCMV Seropositive (+) V160 10u Intramuscular (IM) | 3124 | 3144 |
| HCMV- Placebo IM or ID | NA | NA |
| HCMV- V160 100u IM | 91 | 288 |
| HCMV- V160 100u MAPA IM | 134 | 590 |
| HCMV- V160 250u IM | 281 | 589 |
| HCMV- V160 30u ID | 183 | 451 |
| HCMV- V160 30u IM | 95 | 264 |
| HCMV- V160 30u MAPA IM | 65 | 264 |
| HCMV+ Placebo IM or ID | 2335 | 2313 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u IM | 6232 | 6959 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u MAPA IM | 6695 | 7022 |
| HCMV+ V160 250u IM | 3831 | 4261 |
| HCMV+ V160 30u ID | 9127 | 9412 |
Serum samples for measuring neutralizing antibodies using the Merck Neutralizing Antibody (NAb) assay were collected at month 7. The LiCor-based near-infrared dye (NIRDye) In-Cell Western (ICW) HCMV microneutralization assay was used to detect and quantify anti-HCMV neutralizing antibodies. The primary hypothesis was that for HCMV-seronegative participants, at least 1 of the vaccination groups receiving V160 formulated with or without adjuvant would exhibit higher HCMV-specific neutralizing antibody titers than the placebo group. (NCT01986010)
Timeframe: Month 7 (1 month after vaccination 3 at Month 6)
| Intervention | Geometric Mean Titer (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| HCMV Seropositive (+) V160 10u Intramuscular (IM) | 3301 |
| HCMV + V160 30u IM | 4177 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u IM | 7740 |
| HCMV+ V160 100u MAPA IM | 5701 |
| HCMV+ V160 250u IM | 3535 |
| HCMV+ V160 30u ID | 8601 |
| HCMV+ Placebo IM or ID | 2224 |
| HCMV Seronegative (-) V160 10u IM | 328 |
| HCMV- V160 30u IM | 1532 |
| HCMV- V160 30u MAPA IM | 1361 |
| HCMV- V160 100u IM | 820 |
| HCMV- V160 100u MAPA IM | 2573 |
| HCMV- V160 250u IM | 1241 |
| HCMV- V160 30u ID | 1261 |
| HCMV- Placebo IM or ID | 20 |
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ethylene glycol Ethylene Glycol: A colorless, odorless, viscous dihydroxy alcohol. It has a sweet taste, but is poisonous if ingested. Ethylene glycol is the most important glycol commercially available and is manufactured on a large scale in the United States. It is used as an antifreeze and coolant, in hydraulic fluids, and in the manufacture of low-freezing dynamites and resins.. ethanediol : Any diol that is ethane or substituted ethane carrying two hydroxy groups.. ethylene glycol : A 1,2-glycol compound produced via reaction of ethylene oxide with water. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ethanediol; glycol | metabolite; mouse metabolite; solvent; toxin |
| ammonium hydroxide azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2. | 2.95 | 4 | 0 | azane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; NMR chemical shift reference compound; nucleophilic reagent; refrigerant |
| benzene [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | aromatic annulene; benzenes; volatile organic compound | carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; non-polar solvent |
| carbamates [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | amino-acid anion | |
| methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC). | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound | bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas |
| citric acid, anhydrous Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | tricarboxylic acid | antimicrobial agent; chelator; food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite |
| chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic chlorine | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
| salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL). | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | monohydroxybenzoic acid | algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen Sulfide: A flammable, poisonous gas with a characteristic odor of rotten eggs. It is used in the manufacture of chemicals, in metallurgy, and as an analytical reagent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). hydrogen sulfide : A sulfur hydride consisting of a single sulfur atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. A highly poisonous, flammable gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs, it is often produced by bacterial decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.. thiol : An organosulfur compound in which a thiol group, -SH, is attached to a carbon atom of any aliphatic or aromatic moiety. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | gas molecular entity; hydracid; mononuclear parent hydride; sulfur hydride | Escherichia coli metabolite; genotoxin; metabolite; signalling molecule; toxin; vasodilator agent |
| lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite |
| formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde; one-carbon compound | allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | alditol; triol | algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent |
| hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity | antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite |
| indoleacetic acid indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | indole-3-acetic acids; monocarboxylic acid | auxin; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| methylmercaptan methylmercaptan: intermediate in the manufacturing of jet fuels, pesticides, fungicides, plastics, synthesis of methionine; odor may cause nausea; narcotic in high concentrations; depresses urea biosynthesis; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | alkanethiol | human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound | amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| nickel Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | metal allergen; nickel group element atom | epitope; micronutrient |
| nitrous oxide Nitrous Oxide: Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.. dinitrogen oxide : A nitrogen oxide consisting of linear unsymmetrical molecules with formula N2O. While it is the most used gaseous anaesthetic in the world, its major commercial use, due to its solubility under pressure in vegetable fats combined with its non-toxicity in low concentrations, is as an aerosol spray propellant and aerating agent for canisters of 'whipped' cream. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | gas molecular entity; nitrogen oxide | analgesic; bacterial metabolite; food packaging gas; food propellant; general anaesthetic; greenhouse gas; inhalation anaesthetic; NMDA receptor antagonist; raising agent; refrigerant; vasodilator agent |
| uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8. | 3.09 | 1 | 0 | uric acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| diatrizoic acid Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; benzoic acids; organoiodine compound | environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic |
| aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates | anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent |
| cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach. | 4.31 | 2 | 2 | aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile | adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor |
| deferoxamine Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator. | 3.93 | 2 | 1 | acyclic desferrioxamine | bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; iron chelator; siderophore |
| famotidine Famotidine: A competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Its main pharmacodynamic effect is the inhibition of gastric secretion. | 3.39 | 1 | 1 | 1,3-thiazoles; guanidines; sulfonamide | anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor |
| indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole | analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic |
| ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2. | 7.36 | 2 | 0 | benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | maleimides | anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor |
| omeprazole Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5. | 3.39 | 1 | 1 | aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide | |
| papaverine Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | benzylisoquinoline alkaloid; dimethoxybenzene; isoquinolines | antispasmodic drug; vasodilator agent |
| propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic |
| sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol). | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | glucitol | cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
| sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | glycosyl glycoside | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
| edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid | anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector |
| tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties. | 2.58 | 2 | 0 | organic chloride salt | acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer |
| phosgene Phosgene: A highly toxic gas that has been used as a chemical warfare agent. It is an insidious poison as it is not irritating immediately, even when fatal concentrations are inhaled. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed, p7304). phosgene : An acyl chloride obtained by substitution of both hydrogens of formaldehyde by chlorine.. chloroketone : A ketone containing a chloro substituent. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | acyl chloride | |
| acrylic acid acrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. acrylic acid : A alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is ethene substituted by a carboxy group. | 3.82 | 2 | 1 | alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid | metabolite |
| trehalose alpha,alpha-trehalose : A trehalose in which both glucose residues have alpha-configuration at the anomeric carbon. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | trehalose | Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 4-nitroaniline [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | nitroaniline | bacterial xenobiotic metabolite |
| tripropylamine tripropylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd. tripropylamine : A tertiary amine that is ammonia in which each hydrogen atom is substituted by a propyl group. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | tertiary amine | |
| n-dodecane dodecane : A straight-chain alkane with 12 carbon atoms. It has been isolated from the essential oils of various plants including Zingiber officinale (ginger). | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | alkane | plant metabolite |
| tetralin tetralin: structure given in first source. tetralin : An ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro derivative of naphthalene. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon; tetralins | |
| triethylamine [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | tertiary amine | |
| aluminum acetate [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| limestone Calcium Carbonate: Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.. calcium carbonate : A calcium salt with formula CCaO3. | 3.77 | 2 | 1 | calcium salt; carbonate salt; inorganic calcium salt; one-carbon compound | antacid; fertilizer; food colouring; food firming agent |
| chenodeoxycholic acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid: A reagent that is used to neutralize peptide terminal amino groups.. 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | arenesulfonic acid; C-nitro compound | epitope; explosive; reagent |
| malachite green malachite green: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. malachite green : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of malachite green cation. Used as a green-coloured dye, as a counter-stain in histology, and for its anti-fungal properties in aquaculture. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | organic chloride salt | antibacterial agent; antifungal drug; carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; fluorochrome; histological dye; teratogenic agent |
| c.i. 42510 Rosaniline Dyes: Compounds that contain the triphenylmethane aniline structure found in rosaniline. Many of them have a characteristic magenta color and are used as COLORING AGENTS.. basic fuchsin : A four-component mixture of chemically related dyes comprising pararosanilin, rosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin in varying amounts. rosanilin : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride of 4-[(4-aminophenyl)(4-iminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline. One of the major constituents of Basic fuchsin, together with pararosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate hexamethylene diisocyanate : A diisocyanate compound with the two isocyanates linked by a hexane-1,6-diyl group. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | diisocyanate | allergen; hapten |
| durapatite Durapatite: The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.. hydroxylapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH). | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| vanadium pentoxide [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | vanadium oxide | |
| carbonates Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). carbonates : Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | carbon oxoanion | |
| manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | elemental manganese; manganese group element atom | Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient |
| silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental silver | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| titanium Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | titanium group element atom | |
| tungsten Tungsten: A metallic element with the atomic symbol W, atomic number 74, and atomic weight 183.85. It is used in many manufacturing applications, including increasing the hardness, toughness, and tensile strength of steel; manufacture of filaments for incandescent light bulbs; and in contact points for automotive and electrical apparatus. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | chromium group element atom | micronutrient |
| cadmium Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | cadmium molecular entity; zinc group element atom | |
| cerium Cerium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ce, atomic number 58, and atomic weight 140.12. Cerium is a malleable metal used in industrial applications. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24. | 2.53 | 2 | 0 | chromium group element atom; metal allergen | micronutrient |
| erbium Erbium: Erbium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Er, atomic number 68, and atomic weight 167.26. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
| vanadium Vanadium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol V, atomic number 23, and atomic weight 50.94. It is used in the manufacture of vanadium steel. Prolonged exposure can lead to chronic intoxication caused by absorption usually via the lungs. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | elemental vanadium; vanadium group element atom | micronutrient |
| aluminum chloride Aluminum Chloride: A compound with the chemical formula AlCl3; the anhydrous salt is used as a catalyst in organic chemical synthesis, and hydrated salts are used topically as antiperspirants, and for the management of HYPERHYDROSIS. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aluminium coordination entity | Lewis acid |
| phosphoric acid, trisodium salt [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | sodium phosphate | |
| magnesium phosphate (2:3) [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | inorganic magnesium salt | |
| calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous: molecular formula CaHPO(4), DCPA=dicalcium phosphate anhydrous; don't confuse with dichloropropionanilide which also is called DCPA; MW=136.06; has greater surface area and lower pH than DCPD (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate); occurs in nature as monetite; an intermediate in preparing hydroxyapatite | 4.62 | 6 | 1 | calcium phosphate | |
| calcium phosphate, monobasic, anhydrous calcium phosphate, monobasic: MW 234.05 | 4.62 | 6 | 1 | calcium phosphate | fertilizer |
| tricalcium phosphate tricalcium phosphate: a form of tricalcium phosphate used as bioceramic bone replacement material; see also records for alpha-tricalcium phosphate, beta-tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate; apatitic tricalcium phosphate Ca9(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH) is the calcium orthophosphate leading to beta tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 (b-TCP). calcium phosphate : A calcium salt composed of calcium and phosphate/diphosphate ions; present in milk and used for the mineralisation of calcified tissues. | 6.36 | 12 | 1 | calcium phosphate | |
| fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity | NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| calcium pyrophosphate Calcium Pyrophosphate: An inorganic pyrophosphate which affects calcium metabolism in mammals. Abnormalities in its metabolism occur in some human diseases, notably HYPOPHOSPHATASIA and pseudogout (CHONDROCALCINOSIS). | 3.09 | 1 | 0 | calcium phosphate | |
| poloxalene Poloxalene: A copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene ether glycol. It is a non-ionic polyol surface-active agent used medically as a fecal softener and in cattle for prevention of bloat.. pluronic : A triblock copolymer composed of a central hydrophobic chain of poly(propylene oxide) flanked by two hydrophilic chains of poly(ethylene oxide). | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | epoxide | |
| aluminum sulfate aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) : An aluminium sulfate that contains no water of crystallisation. | 8.41 | 7 | 0 | aluminium sulfate | |
| ferric phosphate ferric phosphate: RN given refers to Fe(+3)[1:1] salt. iron(3+) phosphate : An inorganic phosphate having Fe(3+) as the counterion. | 2.96 | 4 | 0 | inorganic phosphate salt; inorganic phosphate; iron molecular entity | |
| salen disalicylaldehyde ethylenediamine: reagents for determination of iron | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fluorides [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic fluorine | |
| phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid. | 3.78 | 2 | 1 | benzenes; phenyl acetates | |
| aluminum oxide hydroxide aluminum oxide hydroxide: RN given refers to Al2O3.xH2O | 2.5 | 2 | 0 | aluminium hydroxides; aluminium oxides | |
| alkenes [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| calcium oxalate Calcium Oxalate: The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.. calcium oxalate : The calcium salt of oxalic acid, which in excess in the urine may lead to formation of oxalate calculi (kidney stones). | 3.09 | 1 | 0 | organic calcium salt | |
| chromic phosphate chromic phosphate: P32 labeled is separate SCR since that is form of major interest | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| artemisinin (+)-artemisinin : A sesquiterpene lactone obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua, which is used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | organic peroxide; sesquiterpene lactone | antimalarial; plant metabolite |
| cobalt Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27. | 3.28 | 6 | 0 | cobalt group element atom; metal allergen | micronutrient |
| cyanates Cyanates: Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.. cyanates : Salts and esters of cyanic acid, HOC#N; compounds carrying the cyanate functional group -O-C#N.. isocyanates : Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N). | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| (3-dimyristyloxypropyl)(dimethyl)(hydroxyethyl)ammonium (3-dimyristyloxypropyl)(dimethyl)(hydroxyethyl)ammonium: a cationic lipid; RN refers to bromide salt | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hydroxyl radical Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent. | 3.45 | 2 | 0 | oxygen hydride; oxygen radical; reactive oxygen species | |
| strontium phosphate strontium phosphate: RN given refers to Sr salt without specified ratio | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| calcium pyrophosphate [no description available] | 4.62 | 6 | 1 | ||
| lignin Lignin: The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). lignin : A polyphenylpropanoid derived from three monolignol monomers: trans-p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferol and trans-sinapyl alcohol. There is extensive cross-linking and no defined primary structure. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| scorodite [no description available] | 7.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| deoxycholic acid Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid | human blood serum metabolite |
| stearyl tyrosine stearyl tyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd (L)-isomer | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| anatoxin a anatoxin a: found in Anabaena; was indexed to cyanobacterial toxin (MARINE TOXINS) 1978-2006; also see anatoxin-a(s) | 2.33 | 2 | 0 | tropane alkaloid | |
| n-acetylneuraminic acid N-Acetylneuraminic Acid: An N-acyl derivative of neuraminic acid. N-acetylneuraminic acid occurs in many polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animals and bacteria. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1518). N-acetylneuraminic acid : An N-acylneuraminic acid where the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-acetylneuraminic acids | antioxidant; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt | antacid; food anticaking agent |
| squalene Addavax: an oil-water nanoemulsion and adjuvant containing squalene, Tween 80, and sorbitane trioleate | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | triterpene | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride: structure in first source | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ranitidine Ranitidine: A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (H2 receptors). It is used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers.. ranitidine : A member of the class of furans used to treat peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. | 5.19 | 4 | 3 | C-nitro compound; furans; organic sulfide; tertiary amino compound | anti-ulcer drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; H2-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic |
| lithium Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | alkali metal atom | |
| ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | ||
| dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | prostaglandins E | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic |
| lead Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | carbon group element atom; elemental lead; metal atom | neurotoxin |
| aluminum Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98. | 10.35 | 64 | 6 | boron group element atom; elemental aluminium; metal atom | |
| strontium Strontium: An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | alkaline earth metal atom | |
| arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | metalloid atom; pnictogen | micronutrient |
| gallium Gallium: A rare, metallic element designated by the symbol, Ga, atomic number 31, and atomic weight 69.72.. gallium atom : A metallic element predicted as eka-aluminium by Mendeleev in 1870 and discovered by Paul-Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1875. Named in honour of France (Latin Gallia) and perhaps also from the Latin gallus cock, a translation of Lecoq. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | boron group element atom | |
| silicon Silicon: A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086]. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | carbon group element atom; metalloid atom; nonmetal atom | |
| phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions. | 4.36 | 19 | 0 | monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen | macronutrient |
| carbocyanines Carbocyanines: Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | cyanine dye; organic iodide salt | fluorochrome |
| oxalates Oxalates: Derivatives of OXALIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are derived from the ethanedioic acid structure. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, drug combination aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, simethicone drug combination: antacid contains aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and simethicone; mylanta II contains aluminum/magnesium hydroxide mixture | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| aluminum citrate [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| simethicone Simethicone: A poly(dimethylsiloxane) which is a polymer of 200-350 units of dimethylsiloxane, along with added silica gel. It is used as an antiflatulent, surfactant, and ointment base. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| beta-escin [no description available] | 4.2 | 5 | 0 | ||
| pentagastrin Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| ferrous phosphate [no description available] | 3 | 4 | 0 | ||
| lipid a Lipid A: Lipid A is the biologically active component of lipopolysaccharides. It shows strong endotoxic activity and exhibits immunogenic properties.. lipid A : The glycolipid moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (R can be either hydrogen or a fatty acyl group). | 5.6 | 5 | 1 | dodecanoate ester; lipid A; tetradecanoate ester | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| zeolites [no description available] | 4.84 | 10 | 0 | ||
| aluminum oxide Aluminum Oxide: An oxide of aluminum, occurring in nature as various minerals such as bauxite, corundum, etc. It is used as an adsorbent, desiccating agent, and catalyst, and in the manufacture of dental cements and refractories. | 2.5 | 2 | 0 | ||
| fluorapatite fluorapatite: RN refers to fluorapatite [Ca5F(PO4)3]). apatite : A phosphate mineral with the general formula Ca5(PO4)3X where X = OH, F or Cl.. fluorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3F. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| struvite Struvite: The mineral magnesium ammonium phosphate with the formula NH4MgPO4. It is associated with urea-splitting organisms in a high magnesium, high phosphate, alkaline environment. Accumulation of crystallized struvite is found in the urinary tract as struvite CALCULI and as scale on sewage system equipment and wastewater pipes. | 2 | 1 | 0 | hydrate; phosphate mineral | fertilizer |
| losartan potassium Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acid phosphatase Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2. | 6.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| oligonucleotides [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sodium diatrizoate histopaque: used for separating mononuclear & other cells. sodium amidotrizoate : The sodium salt of a benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, often as a mixture with the meglumine salt, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt; organoiodine compound | radioopaque medium |
| pyromorphite [no description available] | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
| mannans [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methylcellulose Methylcellulose: Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| salicylates Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | monohydroxybenzoate | plant metabolite |
| gpi0100 GPI0100: quillaja saponin semi-synthetic analog; a systemic and mucosal adjuvant, has potential use in the development of vaccines against periodontal, as well as other pathogens | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| quil a Quil A: produces antibodies to bovine ephemeral fever virus | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| kaolinite Kaolin: The most common mineral of a group of hydrated aluminum silicates, approximately H2Al2Si2O8-H2O. It is prepared for pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes by levigating with water to remove sand, etc. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) The name is derived from Kao-ling (Chinese: high ridge), the original site. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). kaolin : An aluminosilicate soft white mineral named after the hill in China (Kao-ling) from which it was mined for centuries. In its natural state kaolin is a white, soft powder consisting principally of the mineral kaolinite, and varying amounts of other minerals such as muscovite, quartz, feldspar, and anatase. It is used in the manufacture of china and porcelain and also widely used in the production of paper, rubber, paint, drying agents, and many other products. | 6.93 | 1 | 0 | aluminosilicate mineral; mixture | antidiarrhoeal drug; excipient |
| anorthite [no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| qs 21 [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| caseins Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones. | 2.96 | 4 | 0 | ||
| aluminum hydroxyphosphate [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| orabase Orabase: used in therapy of oral mucosal ulcers | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| muramidase Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17. | 3.11 | 5 | 0 | ||
| cord factors Cord Factors: Toxic glycolipids composed of trehalose dimycolate derivatives. They are produced by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS and other species of MYCOBACTERIUM. They induce cellular dysfunction in animals. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cholestyramine resin Cholestyramine Resin: A strongly basic anion exchange resin whose main constituent is polystyrene trimethylbenzylammonium Cl(-) anion. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| quillaja saponins Quillaja Saponins: Natural detergents made up of a heterogeneous mixture of molecules having a triterpenoid core structure. They vary in aglycone (sapogenin) and sugar moieties, including glucose. | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allergic Contact Dermatitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Granulomas [description not available] | 0 | 2.58 | 2 | 0 |
| Granuloma A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents. | 0 | 2.58 | 2 | 0 |
| Dermatitis, Allergic Contact A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Anemia A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Constriction, Pathological [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Esophagus [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Esophageal Stricture [description not available] | 0 | 2.5 | 2 | 0 |
| Constriction, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Esophageal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Esophageal Stenosis A stricture of the ESOPHAGUS. Most are acquired but can be congenital. | 0 | 2.5 | 2 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Grippe [description not available] | 0 | 7.41 | 7 | 4 |
| Influenza, Human An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia. | 0 | 7.41 | 7 | 4 |
| Disease, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Pseudomonas [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Pseudomonas Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Brucella Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Brucellosis Infection caused by bacteria of the genus BRUCELLA mainly involving the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. This condition is characterized by fever, weakness, malaise, and weight loss. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Respiratory Syncytial Virus [description not available] | 0 | 3.88 | 2 | 1 |
| Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections Pneumovirus infections caused by the RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUSES. Humans and cattle are most affected but infections in goats and sheep have been reported. | 1 | 5.88 | 2 | 1 |
| Chronic Illness [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 3.27 | 6 | 0 |
| Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). | 0 | 3.35 | 2 | 0 |
| Colitis Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Lassitude [description not available] | 0 | 9.71 | 9 | 9 |
| Ache [description not available] | 0 | 9.94 | 11 | 10 |
| Infections, Pneumococcal [description not available] | 0 | 9.71 | 9 | 9 |
| Fatigue The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli. | 0 | 9.71 | 9 | 9 |
| Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS. | 0 | 14.94 | 11 | 10 |
| Pneumococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE. | 0 | 9.71 | 9 | 9 |
| Diarrhea An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Rotavirus Infections Infection with any of the rotaviruses. Specific infections include human infantile diarrhea, neonatal calf diarrhea, and epidemic diarrhea of infant mice. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Metastase [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Animal Mammary Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Esophagitis, Reflux [description not available] | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Esophagitis, Peptic INFLAMMATION of the ESOPHAGUS that is caused by the reflux of GASTRIC JUICE with contents of the STOMACH and DUODENUM. | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Avian Flu [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Influenza in Birds Infection of domestic and wild fowl and other BIRDS with INFLUENZA A VIRUS. Avian influenza usually does not sicken birds, but can be highly pathogenic and fatal in domestic POULTRY. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 4.49 | 5 | 1 |
| Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 4.49 | 5 | 1 |
| Dysphagia [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Deglutition Disorders Difficulty in SWALLOWING which may result from neuromuscular disorder or mechanical obstruction. Dysphagia is classified into two distinct types: oropharyngeal dysphagia due to malfunction of the PHARYNX and UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER; and esophageal dysphagia due to malfunction of the ESOPHAGUS. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Bordetella pertussis Infection, Respiratory [description not available] | 0 | 3.02 | 5 | 0 |
| Whooping Cough A respiratory infection caused by BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS and characterized by paroxysmal coughing ending in a prolonged crowing intake of breath. | 0 | 3.02 | 5 | 0 |
| Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) | 0 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 |
| Fish Diseases Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates). | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Cronobacter Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Enterobacteriaceae Infections Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae Infection [description not available] | 0 | 3.63 | 10 | 0 |
| Diphtheria A localized infection of mucous membranes or skin caused by toxigenic strains of CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE. It is characterized by the presence of a pseudomembrane at the site of infection. DIPHTHERIA TOXIN, produced by C. diphtheriae, can cause myocarditis, polyneuritis, and other systemic toxic effects. | 0 | 3.63 | 10 | 0 |
| Anoxemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Plasmodium falciparum Malaria [description not available] | 0 | 3.44 | 1 | 1 |
| Malaria, Falciparum Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations. | 1 | 5.44 | 1 | 1 |
| Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 5.58 | 3 | 2 |
| Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. | 0 | 5.58 | 3 | 2 |
| Hyperphosphatemia A condition of abnormally high level of PHOSPHATES in the blood, usually significantly above the normal range of 0.84-1.58 mmol per liter of serum. | 0 | 3.45 | 1 | 1 |
| Pervasive Child Development Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Child Development Disorders, Pervasive Severe distortions in the development of many basic psychological functions that are not normal for any stage in development. These distortions are manifested in sustained social impairment, speech abnormalities, and peculiar motor movements. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Salmonella [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Enterovirus Infections Diseases caused by ENTEROVIRUS. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Adverse Drug Event [description not available] | 0 | 3.47 | 1 | 1 |
| Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals. | 0 | 3.47 | 1 | 1 |
| Hepatitis B Virus Infection [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Hepatitis B INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact. | 0 | 3.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Respiratory Syndrome, Acute, Severe [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties, and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the suspected agent. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Curling Ulcer Acute stress DUODENAL ULCER, usually observed in patients with extensive third-degree burns. | 0 | 5.2 | 4 | 3 |
| Duodenal Ulcer A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM. | 0 | 10.2 | 4 | 3 |
| Cytomegalovirus A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS. | 0 | 7.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastroduodenal Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 7.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Peptic Ulcer Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). | 0 | 7.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Clostridium tetani Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Tetanus A disease caused by tetanospasmin, a powerful protein toxin produced by CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI. Tetanus usually occurs after an acute injury, such as a puncture wound or laceration. Generalized tetanus, the most common form, is characterized by tetanic muscular contractions and hyperreflexia. Localized tetanus presents itself as a mild condition with manifestations restricted to muscles near the wound. It may progress to the generalized form. | 0 | 7.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Botulism, Infantile [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Botulism A disease caused by potent protein NEUROTOXINS produced by CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM which interfere with the presynaptic release of ACETYLCHOLINE at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. Clinical features include abdominal pain, vomiting, acute PARALYSIS (including respiratory paralysis), blurred vision, and DIPLOPIA. Botulism may be classified into several subtypes (e.g., food-borne, infant, wound, and others). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1208) | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Encephalitis, Polio [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Poliomyelitis An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5) | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Gas Gangrene A severe condition resulting from bacteria invading healthy muscle from adjacent traumatized muscle or soft tissue. The infection originates in a wound contaminated with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM. C. perfringens accounts for the majority of cases (over eighty percent), while C. noyvi, C. septicum, and C. histolyticum cause most of the other cases. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Pyrexia [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscle Spasm [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Abscess Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Fever An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Spasm An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Cholera Infantum [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastritis Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion observed in a number of unrelated disorders. | 0 | 7.64 | 3 | 0 |
| Herpes Simplex Virus Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Herpes Simplex A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Bacillus anthracis Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Anthrax An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteoarthritis of Knee [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteoarthritis, Knee Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Leishmaniasis, American [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous An endemic disease that is characterized by the development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L. tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Meningococcal [description not available] | 0 | 4.34 | 1 | 1 |
| Meningococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the species NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS. | 0 | 4.34 | 1 | 1 |
| Plica Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Synovitis Inflammation of the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemorrhage, Peptic Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastric Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Ovine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Monkey Diseases Diseases of Old World and New World monkeys. This term includes diseases of baboons but not of chimpanzees or gorillas (= APE DISEASES). | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| ALS - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Vibrio cholerae Infection [description not available] | 0 | 3.34 | 1 | 1 |
| Cholera An acute diarrheal disease endemic in India and Southeast Asia whose causative agent is VIBRIO CHOLERAE. This condition can lead to severe dehydration in a matter of hours unless quickly treated. | 0 | 8.34 | 1 | 1 |
| Anaphylactic Reaction [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Anaphylaxis An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Bile Reflux Retrograde bile flow. Reflux of bile can be from the duodenum to the stomach (DUODENOGASTRIC REFLUX); to the esophagus (GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX); or to the PANCREAS. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Biliary Tract Diseases Diseases in any part of the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Anasarca [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Itching [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Erythema Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Pruritus An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Equine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Infections, Orthomyxoviridae [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Orthomyxoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE. | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Calcification, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastric Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Calcinosis Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues. | 0 | 6.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Contact Dermatitis [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthropathies [description not available] | 0 | 2.91 | 1 | 0 |
| Gouty Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.91 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. | 0 | 2.91 | 1 | 0 |
| Joint Diseases Diseases involving the JOINTS. | 0 | 2.91 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Gouty Arthritis, especially of the great toe, as a result of gout. Acute gouty arthritis often is precipitated by trauma, infection, surgery, etc. The initial attacks are usually monoarticular but later attacks are often polyarticular. Acute and chronic gouty arthritis are associated with accumulation of MONOSODIUM URATE in and around affected joints. | 0 | 2.91 | 1 | 0 |
| CKD-MBD [description not available] | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3 synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders. | 0 | 3.38 | 1 | 1 |
| Viral Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Virus Diseases A general term for diseases caused by viruses. | 0 | 2.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Clostridioides difficile Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Clostridium Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM and closely related CLOSTRIDIOIDES species. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Paramyxoviridae [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Paramyxoviridae Infections Infections with viruses of the family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE. This includes MORBILLIVIRUS INFECTIONS; RESPIROVIRUS INFECTIONS; PNEUMOVIRUS INFECTIONS; HENIPAVIRUS INFECTIONS; AVULAVIRUS INFECTIONS; and RUBULAVIRUS INFECTIONS. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Rachitis [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Meniscitis [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Indigestion [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Dyspepsia Impaired digestion, especially after eating. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA). This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastritis, Atrophic GASTRITIS with atrophy of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, the GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS, and the mucosal glands leading to ACHLORHYDRIA. Atrophic gastritis usually progresses from chronic gastritis. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Hematochezia The passage of bright red blood from the rectum. The blood may or may not be mixed with formed stool in the form of blood, blood clots, bloody stool or diarrhea. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Genital Herpes [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Herpes Genitalis Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57) | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Esophagitis INFLAMMATION, acute or chronic, of the ESOPHAGUS caused by BACTERIA, chemicals, or TRAUMA. | 0 | 3.35 | 1 | 1 |