Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.
| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "Active myocarditis is postulated to be the cause of dilated cardiomyopathy in a subset of patients." | ( Mason, JW; O'Connell, JB, 1989) |
| "Viral myocarditis is considered a cause of dilated cardiomyopathy." | ( Kawai, C; Kishimoto, C; Matsumori, A; Sakurai, T; Tomioka, N, 1986) |
| "Myocarditis is present in more than 50% of patients with SLE at autopsy, but it may be silent clinically during life." | ( Fairfax, MJ; Moore, TL; Osborn, TG; Tsai, CC; Williams, GA, 1988) |
| "Hypersensitivity myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium usually related to a drug allergy." | ( Lie, JT; Olney, BA; Taliercio, CP, 1985) |
| "Enhanced myocarditis is usually accompanied by elevations in virus concentrations in the heart, virus-specific antibody titers, and lymphocyte mediated cytolytic activity to both uninfected and CVB3M-infected myocytes in vitro." | ( Huber, SA; Lyden, DC, 1984) |
| "Eosinophilic myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the heart in which the infiltrate is composed predominately of eosinophils." | ( Baughman, KL; Day, JD; Hruban, RH; Hutchins, GM; Kasper, EK; Kendell, KR; Olson, JL; Rosenblum, WD, 1995) |
| "Myocarditis is a serious disorder, and treatment options are limited." | ( Billingham, ME; Herskowitz, A; Mason, JW; McManus, BM; Moon, TE; O'Connell, JB; Rose, NR, 1995) |
| "Hypersensitivity myocarditis is a rare and dangerous manifestation of allergy to penicillins." | ( Danon, YL; Garty, BZ; Livni, E; Offer, I, 1994) |
| "Recovery from viral myocarditis is usually excellent and complete although it occasionally results in sudden death during its acute stage." | ( Adachi, H; Kanda, T; Murata, K; Ohno, T; Suzuki, T, 1994) |
| "Autoimmune myocarditis is preventable by cyclosporine but not by prednisolone or aspirin in usual dosages." | ( Hanawa, H; Izumi, T; Kodama, M; Masani, F; Shibata, A; Zhang, S, 1993) |
| "Symptomatic myocarditis is a rare complication of trichinosis that is often associated with increased morbidity and mortality." | ( Celum, CL; Compton, SJ; Coombs, RW; Fritsche, TR; Lee, C; Sumi, SM; Thompson, D, 1993) |
| "Myocarditis is thought to be caused by various viruses, and accumulating evidence links viral myocarditis with the eventual development of dilated cardiomyopathy." | ( Matsumori, A, 1996) |
| "Myocarditis is a poorly understood condition and its prevalence is largely underestimated." | ( Caforio, AL; McKenna, WJ, 1996) |
| "Pericarditis and myocarditis are rare extraintestinal manifestations of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease)." | ( Krähenbühl, S; Kupferschmidt, H; Langenegger, T, 1996) |
| "Myocarditis is thought to be commonly caused by various viruses, and accumulating evidence links viral myocarditis with the eventual development of dilated cardiomyopathy." | ( Matsumori, A, 1997) |
| "Myocarditis is defined as an inflammation of the heart muscle and often follows enterovirus infections." | ( Huber, SA, 1997) |
| "Exercise in myocarditis is associated with increased organism-associated as well as immune mediated tissue damage." | ( Friman, G; Larsson, E; Rolf, C, 1997) |
| "Lymphocytic myocarditis is frequent in children with dilated cardiomyopathy and cannot be predicted from noninvasive investigations." | ( Chow, CW; Kleinert, S; Weintraub, RG; Wilkinson, JL, 1997) |
| "Acute myocarditis is associated with an injury of the cardiac adrenergic neuronal function." | ( Agostini, D; Babatasi, G; Bouvard, G; Grollier, G; Manrique, A; Potier, JC; Saloux, E, 1998) |
| "Infective myocarditis is likely to be the cause of the disease even if the pathogen agent cannot always be identified." | ( Batmaz, G; Bonnet, D; Fraisse, A; Iserin, L; Kachaner, J; Villain, E, 2000) |
| "Myocarditis is probably under-diagnosed with clinical criteria generally used for diagnosis." | ( Cohen, MC; Hartnell, GG; Roditi, GH, 2000) |
| "Viral myocarditis is an important cause of human morbidity and mortality for which reliable and effective therapy is lacking." | ( DeBiasi, RL; Edelstein, CL; Sherry, B; Tyler, KL, 2001) |
| "Haemorrhagic myocarditis is a rare but important complication of cyclophosphamide therapy." | ( Birchall, IW; Hugh, J; Lalani, Z; Venner, P, 2000) |
| "Myocarditis is thought to be commonly caused by various viruses, and accumulating evidence links viral myocarditis with the eventual development of dilated cardiomyopathy." | ( Ding, GF, 2002) |
| "Coxiella burnetii myocarditis is a rare but severe clinical form of acute Q fever." | ( Climent, V; López, I; Manso, MI; Murcia, J; Reus, S; Tello, A, 2002) |
| "Hypersensitivity myocarditis is known to be a cardiac manifestation of a delayed-type hypersensitivity response caused by drug treatment." | ( Baba, HA; Bültmann, BD; Grabellus, F; Hoffmeier, A; Kandolf, R; Scheld, HH; Schmitz, KJ, 2003) |
| "Myocarditis is a common cause of dilated cardiomyopathy, one of the most important single causes of heart transplantation." | ( De Clercq, E; Neyts, J; Padalko, E; Verbeken, E, 2004) |
| "The course of viral myocarditis is highly variable." | ( Kytö, V; Lakkisto, P; Lapatto, R; Pulkki, K; Saraste, A; Voipio-Pulkki, LM; Vuorinen, T, 2004) |
| "Myocarditis is often self-limited and without sequelae, most commonly the result of the viral infection." | ( Kamata, K; Nagata, O; Ozaki, M, 2004) |
| "Spontaneous myocarditis is often observed in aged mice." | ( Kishimoto, C; Miyamoto, M; Nakamura, H; Nimata, M; Yodoi, J, 2004) |
| "Myocarditis is rare and eosinophilic myocarditis is rarer." | ( Ahluwalia, MS; Butany, J; El Demellawy, D; Graba, J; Nair, V; Rao, V; Ross, H, 2004) |
| "Diagnosis of perimyocarditis is often very challenging." | ( Grabowski, M; J Filipiak, K; Karpiński, G; Opolski, G; Pietrasik, A; Rdzanek, A; Rudowski, R; Wretowski, D, 2004) |
| "Acute myocarditis is difficult to diagnose; CMR provides various means to visualize myocardial inflammatory changes." | ( Abdel-Aty, H; Bock, P; Boyé, P; Dietz, R; Friedrich, MG; Kumar, A; Messroghli, D; Schulz-Menger, J; Wassmuth, R; Zagrosek, A, 2005) |
| "Myocarditis is defined as an inflammatory process of the heart muscle." | ( Laraudogoitia, E; Larena, JA; Lekuona, I; Rilo, I; Subinas, A; Velasco, S, 2005) |
| "Viral myocarditis is a frequent and often unrecognised cause of post-inflammatory cardiomyopathy." | ( Burian, J; Buser, P; Eriksson, U, 2005) |
| "Myocarditis is a common inflammatory heart disease in children and young adults that may result in chronically dilated cardiomyopathy." | ( Liu, Z; McManus, BM; Qiu, D; Yanagawa, B; Yang, D; Yuan, J, 2005) |
| "cruzi myocarditis is accompanied by changes in cell cycle proteins such as the cyclins and caveolin and that the upregulation of the endothelin pathway may be important in the myocardial abnormalities and mortality observed in this mouse model." | ( Albanese, C; Andrade, Ddos S; Bouzahzah, B; Desruisseaux, M; Factor, SM; Lisanti, MP; Nagajyothi, F; Scherer, PE; Tanowitz, HB; Weiss, LM, 2006) |
| "Lupus myocarditis is usually not detected until significant decrease in myocardial function becomes clinically evident." | ( Ashikyan, O; Nunez, ME; Saggar, R; Saremi, F; Vu, J, 2007) |
| "Clinical myocarditis is a precursor to dilated cardiomyopathy and a principal cause of heart failure." | ( Fine, C; Horwitz, MS; Ilic, A; Knudsen, M; Sarvetnick, N, 2006) |
| "Acute myocarditis is typically accompanied by intramyocardial or subepicardial DE affecting the lateral wall." | ( Adam, G; Bansmann, PM; Koops, A; Lund, GK; Meinertz, T; Müllerleile, K; Stork, A, 2007) |
| "Myocarditis is an acute inflammatory disease of the myocardium for which there is currently no specific therapy." | ( Aizawa, Y; Ishibashi-Ueda, H; Kangawa, K; Kataoka, M; Kodama, M; Miyahara, Y; Nagaya, N; Obata, H; Ohnishi, S; Tanaka, K; Yanagawa, B, 2007) |
| "Myocarditis is an increasingly recognized complication associated with the use of clozapine." | ( Howpage, P; Varambally, S, 2007) |
| "Myocarditis is a rare, but potentially lethal complication of trichinellosis." | ( Abboud, P; Caron, F; Dupouy-Camet, J; Etienne, M; Favennec, L; Gargala, G; Gauliard, E; Gueit, I; Lachkar, S; Tron, C, 2008) |
| "Acute myocarditis is a serious condition that is challenging to diagnose." | ( Greve, OJ; Manhenke, C; Munk, PS; Ørn, S, 2008) |
| "Viral myocarditis is a hypercoagulative state which is associated with increased myocardial TF expression and activity." | ( Antoniak, S; Boltzen, U; Dörner, A; Kallwellis-Opara, A; Noutsias, M; Pauschinger, M; Rauch, U; Riad, A; Rohde, M; Schultheiss, HP; Tschöpe, C, 2008) |
| "Myocarditis is a rare condition that can mimic an acute coronary syndrome (ACS)." | ( Crilley, JG; Hall, JA; Turley, AJ, 2008) |
| "Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle and represents a challenge for diagnosis and treatment." | ( Caglar, M; Kiratli, PO; Ozkutlu, S; Tuncel, M, 2008) |
| "Myocarditis is the most publicised cardiac complication of clozapine treatment, but cardiomyopathy and pericarditis have also been reported." | ( Layland, JJ; Liew, D; Prior, DL, 2009) |
| "Myocarditis is a rare but life threatening adverse effect of clozapine." | ( Hosák, L; Malý, R; Masopust, J; Tůma, I; Urban, A; Valis, M, 2009) |
| "Myocarditis is associated with a wide range of myocardial tissue injuries, both reversible and irreversible." | ( Abdel-Aty, H; Bohl, S; Boyé, P; Dietz, R; Messroghli, D; Rudolph, A; Schulz-Menger, J; Utz, W; Wassmuth, R; Zagrosek, A, 2009) |
| "Acute myocarditis is one of the most challenging diagnoses in cardiology." | ( Bakowski, D; Bartkowiak, R; Jaskulska-Niedziela, E; Niedziela, J; Sosnowska-Pasiarska, B; Stepień-Wałek, A; Szymczyk, R; Wozakowska-Kapłon, B, 2009) |
| "Diagnosis of myocarditis is still challenging." | ( Bakowski, D; Bartkowiak, R; Jaskulska-Niedziela, E; Niedziela, J; Sosnowska-Pasiarska, B; Stepień-Wałek, A; Szymczyk, R; Wozakowska-Kapłon, B, 2009) |
| "Salmonella myocarditis is an unusual complication of salmonella sepsis in adults." | ( Al-aani, FK; Al-ani, AA; Al-aqeedi, RF; Kamha, A, 2009) |
| "Myocarditis is an emerging disease." | ( Aurelio, A; Franceschi, F; Gasbarrini, G; Natale, L; Navarese, EP; Rebuzzi, AG, 2010) |
| "Early diagnosis of myocarditis is important because it is a serious condition." | ( Arends, J; Kamphuis, H; Kappert, J; Timmerman, L; van Marle, J, 2010) |
| "Myocarditis is defined clinically as inflammation of the heart muscle, which can be caused by infectious agents, toxins or immunologic reactions." | ( Chen, TC; Chen, YH; Lin, CY; Lin, WR; Lu, PL, 2010) |
| "Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium with a wide range of clinical presentations, from vague flu-like symptoms to rapidly progressive heart failure." | ( Shah, A, 2010) |
| "Myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium which often follows virus infections." | ( Chen, GJ; Feng, Y; Guo, XK; Luo, J; Qian, GC; Wang, Y; Wang, ZJ; Wu, CY; Wu, JH, 2010) |
| "If myocarditis is suspected, CMR scanning should be performed within 14 days." | ( Baithun, S; Burchell, T; Davies, C; Deaner, A; Jain, A; Knight, C; Mathur, A; Mills, P; Mohiddin, SA; Monney, PA; Petersen, S; Sekhri, N; Sheaf, M; Westwood, M; Wragg, A, 2011) |
| "Eosinophilic myocarditis is a rare clinical entity characterized by eosinophilia and myocardial inflammation with infiltrating eosinophils." | ( Fukunaga, T; Imamura, T; Kato, J; Kawano, N; Kawano, S; Kitamura, K; Maruyama, H; Masuyama, H; Mihara, K; Sato, Y; Toyoda, K; Ueda, A; Yoshimura, Y, 2011) |
| "Giant cell myocarditis is a rare but often devastating disease affecting young, otherwise healthy individuals." | ( Ali, D; Alzuwam, A; Been, M; McCann, GP; Osman, F, 2011) |
| "Giant cell myocarditis is a rare and highly lethal disease that is characterized by a rapidly progressive course of biventricular dysfunction." | ( Drafts, BC; Dubose, TD; Sutton, BJ; Thohan, V, 2011) |
| "Acute myocarditis is one of the most challenging diagnoses and treatments in cardiology." | ( Amini, A; Assadi, M; Jallalat, S; Javadi, H; Mogharrabi, M; Nabipour, I; Pourbehi, G; Ravanbod, M; Semnani, S, 2011) |
| "Myocarditis is an acute inflammatory disease of the heart and is often a precursor of dilated cardiomyopathy." | ( An, F; Dong, Z; Guo, Y; Li, B; Liu, X; Wang, W; Xia, Y; Zhang, C; Zhang, M; Zhang, Y, 2012) |
| "Acute myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart muscle that may progress to dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic heart failure." | ( Cooper, LT; Elamm, C; Fairweather, D, 2012) |
| "Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart and a major cause of dilated cardiomyopathy that can lead to heart failure and sudden death in young adults." | ( Bai, JH; Hu, J; Li, Z; Song, ZC; Wang, ZS, 2012) |
| "Acute myocarditis is an inflammatory disorder of the myocardium associated with cardiac dysfunction." | ( Japp, A; Lee, PT; Payne, JR, 2012) |
| "Myocarditis is commonly associated with cardiotropic infections and has been linked to development of autoimmunity." | ( Bobbitt, KR; Carretero, OA; Chen, X; González, GE; Kedl, R; Liao, TD; Liu, Y; Nakagawa, P; Peterson, EL; Rhaleb, NE; Smolarek, D; Yang, XP, 2012) |
| "Eosinophilic myocarditis is a rare disease occurring mainly in adulthood." | ( Aslan, I; Fischer, M; Haas, NA; Laser, KT, 2013) |
| "Myocarditis is a life-threatening heart disease characterized by myocardial inflammation, necrosis, and chronic fibrosis." | ( Epstein, FH; Feinberg, MS; Goitein, O; Konen, E; Kushnir, T; Landa-Rouben, N; Leor, J; Mina, Y; Rinkevich-Shop, S, 2013) |
| "Eosinophilic myocarditis is characterized by predominantly eosinophilic infi ltration." | ( Bando, M; Bando, S; Hara, T; Ise, T; Iwase, T; Kadota, M; Niki, T; Ogasawara, K; Sata, M; Soeki, T; Taketani, Y; Tomita, N; Ueda, Y; Wakatsuki, T; Yamada, H; Yamaguchi, K, 2013) |
| "Myocarditis is the most common aetiology of myocardial injury in children." | ( Mir, A; Ramaciotti, C; Thankavel, PP, 2014) |
| "Myocarditis is a rare disease with variable clinical presentation and diverse electrocardiographic and echocardiographic features." | ( Alonso-Pulpon, L; Cavero, MA; Cobo-Marcos, M; Domínguez, F; Garcia-Pavia, P; Guzzo, G; Mirelis, JG, 2013) |
| "Fulminant perimyocarditis is a rare and potentially fatal condition that may mimick myocardial infarction." | ( Fallesen, CO; Gill, SU; Hansen, MG, 2013) |
| "Viral myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium, and coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is one of the most important etiologic agents." | ( Cai, H; Ge, W; Song, Y; Zhang, H, 2013) |
| "Myocarditis is defined as inflammation of the myocardium accompanied by myocellular necrosis." | ( Chen, HS; Liu, JP; Wang, W; Wu, SN, 2013) |
| "Myocarditis is considered one of the major causes of dilated cardiomyopathy." | ( Ido, A; Ikeda, T; Marui, A; Masumoto, H; Muranaka, H; Nakano, J; Noma, H; Sakata, R; Tabata, Y; Tsubouchi, H, 2014) |
| "Myocarditis is more severe in men than in women and difficult to diagnose due to a lack of imaging modalities that directly detect myocardial inflammation." | ( Alikhan, FS; Brandt, JE; Bucek, A; Choi, J; Cooper, LT; Coronado, MJ; Dziedzic, JL; Endres, CJ; Fairweather, D; Garton, AE; Guilarte, TR; Pomper, MG; Wang, H, 2014) |
| "Myocarditis is induced by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)." | ( Malz, R; Rauch, U; Schultheiss, HP; Tschöpe, C; Weithauser, A, 2014) |
| "Hypersensitivity myocarditis is a rare form of myocarditis." | ( Ahn, SG; Cha, J; Jee, YG; Ko, A; Lee, JH; Park, Y; Ra, SH, 2014) |
| "Myocarditis is a unheard and unreported dangerous complication of hair dye ingestion which contains paraphenylene diamine." | ( Agarwal, N; Gaba, RD; Jain, PK; Pawal, P; Sengar, NS; Sharma, AK; Siddiqui, MZ; Singh, AK, 2013) |
| "Myocarditis is recognised as a very rare possible side effect of these medications, but has not often been described in the paediatric population." | ( Cross, RR; Nair, AG, 2015) |
| "Viral myocarditis is a life-threatening illness that may lead to heart failure or cardiac arrhythmias." | ( Burridge, PW; Carette, JE; Che, Y; Churko, JM; Diecke, S; Ebert, A; Hamaguchi, R; Liang, P; Marceau, C; Matsa, E; Rajarajan, K; Red-Horse, K; Sallam, KI; Sharma, A; Sturzu, AC; Wu, H; Wu, JC; Wu, SM, 2014) |
| "Myocarditis is an ingreasingly recognized complication associated with clozapine." | ( Bergiannaki, JD; Economou, M; Kanakakis, J; Kontoangelos, K; Loizos, S; Papadimitriou, GN; Smyrnis, N, 2014) |
| "Cytomegalovirus myocarditis is uncommon in immunocompetent patients." | ( Kumar, A; Padala, S; Padala, SK, 2014) |
| "Myocarditis is a critical inflammatory disorder which causes life-threatening conditions." | ( Akazawa, H; Hirakawa, H; Isobe, M; Komuro, I; Ogawa, M; Suzuki, J; Watanabe, R; Zempo, H, 2015) |
| "The diagnosis of myocarditis is confounded by the non-specific nature of the signs and symptoms, and it depends on appropriate investigations being conducted at the time of myocardial involvement or, for fatal cases, the affected area of the myocardium being sampled for histology." | ( Fitzgerald, PB; McNeil, JJ; Ronaldson, KJ, 2015) |
| "Clozapine-induced myocarditis is rare and can be missed for lack of specific clinical findings." | ( Bhat, PK; Gandhi, S; Hatton, JL, 2015) |
| "Acute viral myocarditis is an inflammatory disease with global impact." | ( Figtree, G; Ma, A; Shao, L; Zhang, P, 2016) |
| "Fulminant myocarditis is a rare but potentially life-threatening illness caused by 5-fluorouracil cardiotoxicity." | ( Amraotkar, AR; DeFilippis, AP; Grubb, KJ; Pachika, A, 2016) |
| "Myocarditis is an important inflammatory disease of the heart which causes life-threatening conditions." | ( Chen, Z; Cheng, B; Hu, F; Lu, S; Ma, W; Wang, Y; Wang, Z; Wei, Y; Yan, L; Yan, X; Zhao, X, 2016) |
| "Myocarditis is one of the life-threatening adverse effects, which occurs in about 1% of exposed patients." | ( Archer, A; Atsariyasing, W; Goldman, MB; Ittasakul, P; Kezman, J, 2016) |
| "Myocarditis is the inflammation of the myocardial tissue, primarily caused by viral infection." | ( González-Espinosa, AM; López-Gallegos, D; Márquez-González, H; Yáñez-Gutiérrez, L; Zamudio-López, JO, 2016) |
| "Myocarditis is an inflammatory and autoimmune cardiovascular disease that causes dilated myocardiopathy and is responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide." | ( Adan, N; Delgado, M; Delgado-Maroto, V; Falo, CP; Forte-Lago, I; Gonzalez-Rey, E; Lichtman, AH; Maganto-Garcia, E; Morell, M; O'Valle, F; Robledo, G, 2017) |
| "Eosinophilic myocarditis is a rare form of myocardial inflammation that is characterized by the infiltration of eosinophilic cells into the myocardium." | ( Fujita, H; Momomura, SI; Sakakura, K; Wada, H; Watanabe, Y, 2017) |
| "Viral myocarditis is a common clinical cardiovascular disease mainly induced by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) with no effective therapeutic measures." | ( Fan, X; Xiong, S; Yue, Y, 2017) |
| "Toxic myocarditis is an extremely rare complication of acetaminophen overdose." | ( Crahes, M; Dazé, Y; Gosselin, M; Mireault, P, 2017) |
| "Immune-mediated myocarditis is an uncommon adverse effect of immune checkpoint inhibition and is associated with a high rate of mortality." | ( Bergin, P; Blackley, E; Gill, S; Haydon, A; McLean, C; Moore, M; Tay, RY, 2017) |
| "Acute myocarditis is a potentially lethal inflammatory heart disease that frequently precedes the development of dilated cardiomyopathy and subsequent heart failure." | ( Biczysko, W; Ceremuga, I; Dziegiel, P; Haczkiewicz, K; Kobierzycki, C; Kwiatkowska, J; Piasecki, T; Podhorska-Okolow, M; Sapa, A; Skrzypiec-Spring, M; Szelag, A; Wozniak, M, 2018) |
| "Granulomatous myocarditis is an uncommon but important cause of AVB." | ( Danwade, TA; Devidutta, S; Narasimhan, C; Reddy, NK; Saggu, DK; Shelke, AB; Sridevi, C; Yalagudri, SD, 2018) |
| "Viral myocarditis is a widespread cardiac disease associated with inflammation and myocardial injury and is predominantly caused by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection in humans as well as in mice." | ( Xiong, S; Yue, Y; Zhou, N, 2018) |
| "Myocarditis is a rare complication of therapy with mesalazine, a drug widely prescribed in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease." | ( Hoque, S; Mohanaruban, A; Radhakrishnan, ST, 2018) |
| "Myocarditis is an uncommon, but potentially fatal, toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)." | ( Awadalla, M; Chen, CL; Cohen, JV; Damrongwatanasuk, R; Fradley, MG; Ganatra, S; Groarke, JD; Gupta, D; Hassan, MZO; Heinzerling, LM; Kirchberger, MC; Lawrence, DP; Mahmood, SS; Moslehi, JJ; Neilan, TG; Nohria, A; Reynolds, KL; Shah, SP; Sullivan, RJ; Thavendiranathan, P, 2018) |
| "Myocarditis is often associated with parvovirus B19 (B19V) persistence, which can induce vascular damage." | ( Abou-El-Enein, M; Elsanhoury, A; Klein, O; Kühl, U; Lassner, D; Miteva, K; Pieske, B; Sosnowski, M; Tschöpe, C; Van Linthout, S, 2018) |
| "Myocarditis is a common cause for acute heart failure in the pediatric population." | ( Bourget, L; Garg, A; Manalo, R; Swaminathan, S, 2019) |
| "Myocarditis is a serious hazard to human life and is difficult to treat due to the proliferation of inflammatory lesions in the myocardium." | ( Li, D; Li, S; Ouyang, J; Peng, X; Tian, X; Wang, R; Yang, J; Yu, G; Zhao, Y, 2019) |
| "Autoimmune myocarditis is an immune-mediated myocardial injury that evolves into dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)." | ( Chen, Q; Li, T; Liu, M; Mang, G; Meng, Y; Sun, Y; Tang, X; Wang, Y; Wu, J; Yu, B; Yu, S; Zhang, M; Zheng, Y, 2019) |
| "Hemorrhagic myocarditis is a potentially fatal complication of excessive levels of systemic inflammation." | ( Baxan, N; Branca, J; Chowdhury, R; Dubois, O; Harding, SE; Hasham, MG; Lota, A; Papanikolaou, A; Prasad, SK; Rosenthal, N; Salles-Crawley, I; Sattler, S; Zhao, L, 2019) |
| "Lymphocytic myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart that may present in a myriad of fashions ranging from mild febrile illness to florid myocarditis and cardiogenic shock." | ( Devendra, G; Hong, R; Lam, L; Oyama, J; Sathirareuangchai, S, 2019) |
| "Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium." | ( Arias, G; Buitrago, R; Estupiñán, MC; Montenegro, JS; Osorio, JP; Poveda, CM; Silva, E, 2019) |
| "Myocarditis is an uncommon manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus in which the clinical presentation can range from subclinical to life-threatening." | ( Al Shehhi, MA; Al-Nokhatha, SA; Jassim, IT; Khogali, HI, 2019) |
| "Myocarditis is uncommon (prevalence of 7%)." | ( Contreras-Ortíz, JA; Gracia-Ramos, AE, 2020) |
| "Monitoring for myocarditis is warranted in the first 4 weeks, and treatment of comorbid metabolic syndrome and diabetes may reduce the risk of cardiomyopathy." | ( Chua, YT; Cohen, D; Cross, J; Kisely, S; Myles, N; Sidhu, A; Siskind, D, 2020) |
| "Myocarditis is a potentially fatal complication of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)." | ( Alvi, RM; Armanious, M; Awadalla, M; Baksi, AJ; Barac, A; Chen, CL; Coelho-Filho, OR; Cohen, JV; Damrongwatanasuk, R; Ederhy, S; Forrestal, BJ; Fradley, MG; Ganatra, S; Golden, DLA; Groarke, JD; Gupta, D; Hassan, MZO; Heinzerling, LM; Jones-O'Connor, M; Kirchberger, MC; Kwong, RY; Lawrence, DP; Lyon, AR; Mahmood, SS; Mahmoudi, M; Mercurio, V; Moslehi, JJ; Mulligan, C; Murphy, SP; Neilan, TG; Nohria, A; Reynolds, KL; Rizvi, MA; Rokicki, A; Sahni, G; Stone, JR; Sullivan, RJ; Thavendiranathan, P; Thuny, F; Tocchetti, CG; Weinsaft, JW; Yang, EH; Zhang, L; Zlotoff, DA, 2020) |
| "Myocarditis is one of the important causes of dilated cardiomyopathy, cardiac morbidity, and mortality worldwide." | ( Ji, H; Jiang, D; Liu, L; Yin, L; Zhang, L; Zhao, Q, 2020) |
| "Hypersensitivity myocarditis is a rare but life-threatening adverse effect of antitubercular drugs." | ( Dhochak, N; Kabra, SK; Lodha, R; Ram Jat, K; Sankar, J, 2020) |
| "Myocarditis is a rare, but well-known complication of treatment with clozapine." | ( Luykx, JJ; van der Horst, MZ; van Houwelingen, F, 2020) |
| "Myocarditis is increasingly recognized as a complication of Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) and may result from direct viral injury or from exaggerated host immune response." | ( Agdamag, ACC; Alexy, T; Charpentier, V; Chowdhury, M; Edmiston, JB; Francis, GS; Fraser, M; Maharaj, VR, 2020) |
| "Fulminant myocarditis is a rapidly progressive disease associated with high mortality." | ( Chen, H; Chen, JT; Song, JX; Xiong, WJ; Yu, SR; Zhang, CY, 2021) |
| "Giant cell myocarditis is a rare, often rapidly progressive and potentially fatal, disease due to T-cell lymphocyte-mediated inflammation of the myocardium that typically affects young and middle-aged adults." | ( Bang, V; Barac, A; Chaudhry, GM; Cooper, LT; Dani, SS; Ganatra, S; Hayek, SS; Leja, M; Lenihan, D; Neilan, TG; Nohria, A; Parikh, R; Patel, R; Patten, R; Piemonte, TC; Resnic, FS; Shah, SP; Sharma, A; Thavendiranathan, P; Venesy, D; Vesely, M, 2021) |
| "Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease associated with increased glucose uptake." | ( Caforio, ALP; Grabowski, M; Kobylecka, M; Królicki, L; Maksimović, R; Marcolongo, R; Opolski, G; Ozierański, K; Ristić, AD; Seferović, PM; Šobić-Šaranović, D; Tymińska, A, 2021) |
| "Vaccine-associated myocarditis is an unusual entity that has been described for the smallpox vaccine, but only anecdotal case reports have been described for other vaccines." | ( Azevedo, CF; Campbell, MJ; Darty, SN; Jenista, ER; Kim, HW; Kim, RJ; Parker, MA; Wendell, DC, 2021) |
| "Treatment of myocarditis is often limited to symptomatic treatment due to unknown pathomechanisms." | ( Bockstahler, M; Frey, N; Katus, HA; Kaya, Z; Kübler, A; Müller, AM; Müller, OJ; Salbach, C, 2022) |
| "Myocarditis is a potential complication after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and a known cause of sudden cardiac death." | ( Clark, DE; Crum, K; Dendy, JM; Dixon, D; George-Durrett, K; Hughes, SG; Li, DL; Parikh, AP; Soslow, JH; Wassenaar, JW, 2021) |
| "Nevertheless, acute myocarditis is a possible manifestation of MIS-C associated with SARS-CoV-2 with CMR evidence of myocardial necrosis in 18% of our cohort." | ( Aeschlimann, FA; Agnoletti, G; Angst, F; Azarine, A; Boddaert, N; Bonnemains, L; Brambilla, P; Caro-Domínguez, P; Cavaliere, A; Crum, K; Di Salvo, G; Ferroni, F; Giuli, V; Huber, S; Hussein, T; Jain, S; Marcora, S; Martins, D; Misra, N; Navallas, M; Panaioli, E; Patel, MD; Pushparajah, K; Raimondi, F; Rücker, B; Soslow, JH; Steele, JM; Wong, J, 2021) |
| "Myocarditis is largely underdiagnosed due to subclinical symptoms and non-availability of diagnostic techniques necessitating high index of suspicion and early disease identification." | ( Iqbal, SUR; Tipoo Sultan, FA, 2021) |
| "5-ASA-induced myocarditis is a rare side effect, and few cases have been reported." | ( Seo, GS; Song, HY, 2022) |
| "Acute myocarditis is a disease affecting the myocardial tissue, which is caused by infections, rheumatic diseases, especially sarcoidosis, or certain therapies." | ( Bassareo, PP; Caredda, G; Cau, R; Mannelli, L; Saba, L; Suri, JS, 2022) |
| "Myocarditis is a cardiomyopathy associated with the inflammatory response." | ( Cheng, G; Guo, H; Huang, J; Lai, Y; Shan, Z; Wang, J; Zheng, S; Zhuang, J, 2022) |
| "Myocarditis is a rare complication of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine." | ( Baker, AL; de Ferranti, SD; Dionne, A; Friedman, KG; Hadley, SM; Newburger, JW; Prakash, A, 2022) |
| "• Myocarditis is a rare side effect of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine." | ( Baker, AL; de Ferranti, SD; Dionne, A; Friedman, KG; Hadley, SM; Newburger, JW; Prakash, A, 2022) |
| "Myocarditis is a myocardial injury that can easily cause adolescent death." | ( Chen, KQ; Dai, B; Hu, J; Jiang, YX; Lu, FG; Lu, J; Qiu, D; Ren, T; Wei, K; Xiao, R; Xu, YZ; Ye, C; Zhang, B; Zhao, TH; Zhou, FL, 2022) |
| "Myocarditis is being increasingly reported as a rare complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccines." | ( Kato, K; Kawauchi, H; Mitsuhashi, Y; Miyabe, T; Nakamura, S; Ogawa, R; Tanaka, H, 2022) |
| "BACKGROUND Myocarditis is cardiac muscle inflammation caused by infectious or noninfectious agents." | ( Abdelmottaleb, W; Adetiloye, AO; Ahmed, MF; Alaameri, R; Badero, O; Mushiyev, S; Ozbay, MB; Valencia Manrique, JC; Victoria, AM, 2022) |
| "Myocarditis is an inflammatory cardiovascular disease which contributes to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and heart failure." | ( Li, L; Liu, C; Long, Q; Lu, Y; Tang, Y; Yang, H; Yuan, J; Zhu, Y, 2022) |
| "Acute myocarditis is a rare complication of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination." | ( Bandali, M; Bristow, M; Colbert, J; Dykstra, S; Filipchuck, N; Flewitt, J; Guron, N; Howarth, AG; Kealey, A; Kolman, L; Labib, D; Lydell, CP; Merchant, N; Mustafa Alhussein, M; Rabbani, M; Sarak, B; White, JA, 2022) |
| "Myocarditis is defined as an inflammatory disease of the myocardium, and the autoimmune response specific to myocardium plays an important role in chronic myocarditis." | ( Huang, X; Jiang, Z; Li, W; Li, Z; Nie, N; Shen, Y, 2023) |
| "COVID-19-induced myocarditis is associated with minor LV injury with a significantly more frequent septal pattern and a higher pericarditis rate than non-COVID-19 myocarditis." | ( Dorniak, K; Elikowski, W; Fijałkowska, J; Haberka, M; Jankowska, A; Janus, M; Koziński, M; Kulawiak-Gałąska, D; Miszalski-Jamka, K; Pyda, M; Rajewska-Tabor, J; Rozmiarek, S; Śpiewak, M; Stasiow, B; Wojtowicz, D; Ławrynowicz, M, 2023) |
| "The definition of myocarditis is still debated by pathologists and clinicians." | ( Maisch, B, 2023) |
| "Acute viral myocarditis is a serious complication of viral infectious diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)." | ( Du, X; Jiang, T; Zhou, Y; Zhu, S, 2023) |
| "Myocarditis is an inflammatory cardiac disorder and the primary cause of heart failure in young adults." | ( Arangia, A; Cordaro, M; Cuzzocrea, S; D'Amico, R; Di Paola, R; Fusco, R; Gugliandolo, E; Impellizzeri, D; Marino, Y; Siracusa, R, 2023) |