sulfadoxine profile

Sulfadoxine is a long-acting sulfonamide antimicrobial agent. It is a synthetic compound with a molecular formula of C12H14N4O4S. The compound is typically administered orally and is well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Sulfadoxine is used in combination with pyrimethamine to treat malaria, specifically the Plasmodium falciparum species. The combination of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine is known as Fansidar or Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine. It is effective against the erythrocytic stage of the parasite, meaning it prevents the parasite from multiplying within red blood cells. Research into sulfadoxine focuses on its efficacy in malaria treatment and resistance development. The development of resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is a significant concern in some regions. Studies are ongoing to understand the mechanisms of resistance and to develop strategies for combating it.'

Sulfadoxine: A long acting sulfonamide that is used, usually in combination with other drugs, for respiratory, urinary tract, and malarial infections. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

sulfadoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 5- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. In combination with the antiprotozoal pyrimethamine (CHEBI:8673) it is used as an antimalarial. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	17134
CHEMBL ID	1539
CHEBI ID	9329
SCHEMBL ID	41069
MeSH ID	M0020743

Synonym
MLS002154150
smr000857259
sulfadoxin
STL356042
BRD-K55250441-001-03-1
BPBIO1_001286
4-amino-n-[5,6-bis(methyloxy)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzenesulfonamide
sulfadoxinum [inn-latin]
fanzil
brn 0625453
n(sup 1)-(5,6-dimethoxy-4-pyrimidinyl)sulfanilamide
wr 4873
n'-(5,6-dimethoxy-4-pyrimidyl)sulfanilamide
benzenesulfonamide, 4-amino-n-(5,6-dimethoxy-4-pyrimidinyl)-
fanasil
solfadossina [dcit]
sulfadoxina [inn-spanish]
n1-(5,6-dimethoxy-4-pyrimidinyl)sulfanilamide
6-(4-aminobenzenesulfonamido)-4,5-dimethoxypyrimidine
einecs 219-504-9
cas-2447-57-6
NCGC00016612-01
BSPBIO_001168
PRESTWICK3_001094
sulfadoxina
sulfadoxinum
CHEBI:9329 ,
orthosulfin
4-amino-n-(5,6-dimethoxy-4-pyrimidinyl)benzenesulfonamide
4-amino-n-(5,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide
sanasil: sulfadoxine: sulformetoxin
ro 4-4393
wr 4073
PRESTWICK2_001094
AB00514044
C07630
sulfadoxine
2447-57-6
sulfadoxin, >=95% (tlc)
sulphormethoxine
sulphadoxine
sulforthomidine
4-sulfanilamido-5,6-dimethoxypyrimidine
DB01299
D00580
sulfadoxine (jan/usp/inn)
PRESTWICK0_001094
PRESTWICK1_001094
SPBIO_003054
NCGC00016612-02
HMS2090P07
HMS2094C19
nsc-759319
j21.373j ,
ro-44393
CHEMBL1539
wr-4073
fanasulf
ro-4-4393
HMS1571K10
HMS2098K10
unii-88463u4sm5
88463u4sm5 ,
sulfadoxine [usan:usp:inn:ban:jan]
nsc 759319
5-25-13-00306 (beilstein handbook reference)
4-azanyl-n-(5,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide
A817328
nsc759319
pharmakon1600-01506086
tox21_110523
dtxsid6023608 ,
dtxcid703608
solfadossina
HMS2230E05
FT-0603610
NCGC00016612-04
sulfadoxine [usp monograph]
sulfadoxine [vandf]
sulfadoxine [mi]
sulfadoxine [ep monograph]
sulfadoxine [jan]
sulfadoxine [usan]
sulfadoxinum [who-ip latin]
sulfadoxine [usp-rs]
sulfadoxine [who-dd]
sulfadoxine component of fansidar
sulfadoxine [who-ip]
sulfadoxine [orange book]
sulfadoxine [mart.]
fansidar component sulfadoxine
sulfadoxine [inn]
AKOS015897281
S2511
BBL023187
HMS3371I15
CCG-213610
HY-B0439
SCHEMBL41069
tox21_110523_1
NCGC00016612-05
KS-5334
AB00514044-06
W-107313
n1-5,6-dimethoxy-4-pyrimidinylsulfanilamide
4-amino-n-(5,6-dimethoxy-4-pyrimidinyl)benzenesulfonamide;
AB00514044_07
AB00514044_08
mfcd00792890
4-amino-n-(5,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzene-1-sulfonamide
AC-8428
sr-05000001523
SR-05000001523-3
sulfadoxine, united states pharmacopeia (usp) reference standard
sulfadoxin, vetranal(tm), analytical standard
SR-05000001523-1
sulfadoxine, european pharmacopoeia (ep) reference standard
sulfadoxin, certified reference material, tracecert(r)
SBI-0206941.P001
HMS3715K10
Q411557
sulfadoxine (sulphadoxine)
gtpl10173
BRD-K55250441-001-06-4
H10765
sulfadoxin 1000 microg/ml in acetonitrile
EN300-118712
SY045794
Z1515385080

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has never been recommended for the treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria as the parasite is intrinsically resistant to pyrimethamine. "	( Prevalence of polymorphisms in antifolate drug resistance molecular marker genes pvdhfr and pvdhps in clinical isolates of Plasmodium vivax from Kolkata, India. Chatterjee, M; Ganguly, S; Maji, AK; Saha, P, 2014)	1.85
"Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has been widely used as first-line therapy for uncomplicated malaria throughout sub-Saharan Africa. "	( Antifolate resistance in Plasmodium falciparum: multiple origins and identification of novel dhfr alleles. Barnwell, JW; Bloland, P; Escalante, AA; Hamel, M; Huber, C; McCollum, AM; Ouma, P; Poe, AC; Shi, YP; Slutsker, L; Udhayakumar, V; Vulule, J; Zhou, Z, 2006)	1.78

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine treatment failure was independently estimated by in vivo tests in 327 children aged 6-59 months with clinical malaria."	( Population-based validation of dihydrofolate reductase gene mutations for the prediction of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Uganda. D'Alessandro, U; Egwang, TG; Langi, P; Mutabingwa, TK; Talisuna, AO; Van Marck, E; Watkins, W, )	1.07
"Sulfadoxine-pyremethamine treatment alone cured 68.3% (41/60) and SP+CQ cured 63.4% (123/194). "	( The efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine alone and in combination with chloroquine for malaria treatment in rural Eastern Sudan: the interrelation between resistance, age and gametocytogenesis. A-Elbasit, IE; Alifrangis, M; Elbashir, MI; Giha, HA; Khalil, IF, 2006)	2.12
"In sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine-treated children, the proportion colonized with cotrimoxazole-nonsusceptible pneumococci increased from 38.1% at the initial visit to 44.1% at the 4-week follow-up visit (P=.048)."	( Increased carriage of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Malawian children after treatment for malaria with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine. Barat, LM; Bloland, PB; Dowell, SF; Feikin, DR; Graf, C; Huebner, RE; Kazembe, PN; Klugman, KP; Nwanyanwu, OC; Schwartz, B; Ziba, C, 2000)	1.02
"Treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine was associated with an increase of gametocyte charge."	( Efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine, and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-amodiaquine combination for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the urban and suburban areas of Brazzaville (Congo). Basco, LK; Casimiro, PN; Mallanda, G; Malonga, DA; Matondo Maya, DW; Mayengue, PI; Miakassissa-Mpassi, V; Ndounga, M; Nsonde-Ntandou, F; Ntoumi, F; Ringwald, P; Tahar, R, 2007)	1.06

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The antimalarial effect of the triple combination on Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected mice and the toxic effects in mice and rats were additive."	( Antimalarial and toxic effect of triple combination of pyronaridine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine. Ha, SH; Huang, J; Huang, ZS; Meng, F; Shao, BR; Shi, XH; Ye, XY; Zhan, CQ, 1989)	0.51
" One adverse reaction of chloroquine that has an important bearing on its use is pruritus."	( Toxicity and side-effects of antimalarials in Africa: a critical review. Salako, LA, 1984)	0.27
" Safe and effective drugs, capable of being administered as a single-dose or short-course treatment, are urgently needed to control the adaptable malaria parasite."	( Falciparum malaria: the urgent need for safe and effective drugs. Rieckmann, KH, 1983)	0.27
"It was found that LD50 of tridoxin (sulfadoxin-trimetoprim-5 + 1--State Economic Corporation Pharmachim) at i/m application to albino mica was 950 mg/kg, and of borgal (Hochst)--920 mg/kg."	( [Tridoxin toxicity and tolerance in agricultural animals]. Diakov, L; Drumev, D; Mutafchieva, R; Vangelov, S, 1982)	0.26
" Differences in rates of adverse outcomes between the three groups were not statistically significant."	( Safety of mefloquine and other antimalarial agents in the first trimester of pregnancy. Edwards, R; Fuchs, E; Kerr, L; Phillips-Howard, PA; Schildknecht, J; Steffen, R; Vanhauwere, B, 1998)	0.3
" Both regimens were safe and well tolerated and there were no adverse experiences attributed to the combination."	( A randomized safety and tolerability trial of artesunate plus sulfadoxine--pyrimethamine versus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine alone for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Gambian children. Alloueche, A; Bayo, L; Doherty, JF; Milligan, P; Olliaro, P; Pinder, M; Sadiq, AD; von Seidlein, L, )	0.37
" The pharmacokinetic data, however, showed that they are of similar profile, except in adverse features and contraindications, and values like their half-life (t1/2) where the long (t1/2) in drugs like sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine endows them with suppressive-cure feature, especially against recrudescent strains."	( Comparative efficacy and safety of chloroquine and alternative antimalarial drugs: a meta-analysis from six African countries. Makonnen, E; Mengesha, T, 1999)	0.3
" Pharmacokinetic profile demonstrates that all these drugs have similar therapeutic effects, but differ in their adverse reactions, contraindications, and half-life."	( Comparative efficacy and safety of chloroquine and alternative antimalarial drugs: a meta-analysis from six African countries. Makonnen, E; Mengesha, T, 1999)	0.3
" Toxic encephalopathy is a serious neurological manifestation which is slowly reversible depending on individual predisposition."	( [Danger of malaria self-treatment. Acute neurologic toxicity of mefloquine and its combination with pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine]. Granier, H; Laborde, JP; Martin, J; Nicolas, X; Talarmin, F, 2001)	0.52
" There were no adverse effects experienced by the patients."	( A safety and efficacy trial of artesunate, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and primaquine in P falciparum malaria. Faizal, HM; Fernando, WP; Galappaththy, G; Weerasinghe, KL; Wickremasinghe, AR; Wickremasinghe, DR, 2002)	0.31
"The combination of artesunate, S + P and primaquine was found to be effective and safe in the treatment of uncomplicated P falciparum malaria."	( A safety and efficacy trial of artesunate, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and primaquine in P falciparum malaria. Faizal, HM; Fernando, WP; Galappaththy, G; Weerasinghe, KL; Wickremasinghe, AR; Wickremasinghe, DR, 2002)	0.31
" Severe malaria in rural areas of Sudan, where facilities for the safe and effective use of parenteral quinine are lacking, is a frequent problem."	( Descriptive study on the efficacy and safety of artesunate suppository in combination with other antimalarials in the treatment of severe malaria in Sudan. Alkadru, AM; Awad, MI; Baraka, OZ; Behrens, RH; Eltayeb, IB, 2003)	0.32
" Chemoprophylaxis or intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) with an effective antimalarial can ameliorate the adverse effects of malaria during pregnancy."	( Safety, efficacy and determinants of effectiveness of antimalarial drugs during pregnancy: implications for prevention programmes in Plasmodium falciparum-endemic sub-Saharan Africa. Nahlen, B; Newman, RD; Parise, ME; Slutsker, L; Steketee, RW, 2003)	0.32
" Adverse events and clinical and parasitological outcomes were recorded."	( A randomised trial to assess the safety and efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem) for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Rwanda. D'Alessandro, U; Fanello, CI; Karema, C; Ngamije, D; van Doren, W; Van Overmeir, C, 2007)	0.34
" Additionally, reports of adverse effects were solicited and monitored during follow-up visits."	( Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of amodiaquine plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine used alone or in combination for malaria treatment in pregnancy: a randomised trial. Browne, E; Bruce, J; Chandramohan, D; Greenwood, B; Randal, A; Tagbor, H, 2006)	0.33
" No serious liver toxic effects or white-blood-cell dyscrasias were noted."	( Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of amodiaquine plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine used alone or in combination for malaria treatment in pregnancy: a randomised trial. Browne, E; Bruce, J; Chandramohan, D; Greenwood, B; Randal, A; Tagbor, H, 2006)	0.33
" This review evaluates the toxicity data of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, including severe cutaneous adverse reactions, teratogenicity and alterations in bilirubin metabolism."	( Safety and toxicity of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine: implications for malaria prevention in pregnancy using intermittent preventive treatment. Newman, RD; Parise, ME; Peters, PJ; Thigpen, MC, 2007)	0.91
" Secondary end-points were incidence of adverse events, mean haemoglobin concentration and prevalence of parasites carrying markers of resistance to SP."	( A trial of the efficacy, safety and impact on drug resistance of four drug regimens for seasonal intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in Senegalese children. Bâ, el H; Boulanger, D; Cissé, B; Gaye, O; Greenwood, B; Hallett, R; Lines, J; Milligan, P; Simondon, F; Simondon, K; Sokhna, C; Sutherland, C; Targett, G; Trape, JF, 2008)	0.35
" When used for prophylaxis, Amodiaquine (AQ) was associated with agranulocytosis but is considered safe for treatment and is increasingly being used in Africa."	( Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-based combinations for malaria: a randomised blinded trial to compare efficacy, safety and selection of resistance in Malawi. Bell, DJ; Molyneux, ME; Mukaka, M; Nyirongo, SK; Plowe, CV; Ward, SA; Winstanley, PA; Zijlstra, EE, 2008)	1.79
" No significant adverse event attributable to any of the study drugs was found."	( Efficacy, safety, and selection of molecular markers of drug resistance by two ACTs in Mali. Dama, S; Dembele, D; Dicko, A; Djimdé, AA; Doumbo, OK; Fofana, B; Ouologuem, D; Sagara, I; Sidibe, B; Toure, S, 2008)	0.35
" Participants were actively monitored for adverse events for the first 14 days after each treatment, and then passively followed until their next study medication treatment, or withdrawal from study."	( Safety and tolerability of combination antimalarial therapies for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Ugandan children. Clark, TD; Dorsey, G; Jagannathan, P; Kamya, MR; Maiteki-Sebuguzi, C; Njama-Meya, D; Nzarubara, B; Rosenthal, PJ; Staedke, SG; Talisuna, AO; Yau, VM, 2008)	0.35
" The main outcome measures for safety were incidences of post-treatment clinical and laboratory adverse events."	( Artemisinin-naphthoquine combination (ARCO) therapy for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in adults of Papua New Guinea: a preliminary report on safety and efficacy. Geita, J; Hiawalyer, G; Hombhanje, FW; Jones, R; Kevau, I; Kuanch, C; Linge, D; Masta, A; Sapuri, M; Saweri, A; Toraso, S, 2009)	0.35
" Both regimens were well tolerated with no serious adverse events."	( Artemisinin-naphthoquine combination (ARCO) therapy for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in adults of Papua New Guinea: a preliminary report on safety and efficacy. Geita, J; Hiawalyer, G; Hombhanje, FW; Jones, R; Kevau, I; Kuanch, C; Linge, D; Masta, A; Sapuri, M; Saweri, A; Toraso, S, 2009)	0.35
" Data from the trials for incidence of clinical malaria, risk of anaemia (packed-cell volume <25% or haemoglobin <80 g/L), and incidence of hospital admissions and adverse events in infants up to 12 months of age were reanalysed by use of standard outcome definitions and time periods."	( Efficacy and safety of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for malaria in African infants: a pooled analysis of six randomised, placebo-controlled trials. Adjei, S; Alonso, P; Anemana, S; Aponte, JJ; Breckenridge, A; Carneiro, I; Chandramohan, D; Critchley, J; Danquah, I; Dodoo, A; Egan, A; Greenwood, B; Grobusch, MP; Issifou, S; Kobbe, R; Kremsner, PG; Lell, B; Macete, E; May, J; Menendez, C; Mockenhaupt, F; Mshinda, H; Newman, RD; Owusu-Agyei, S; Premji, Z; Sanz, S; Schellenberg, D; Sevene, E; Slutsker, L; Soulaymani-Becheikh, R; Tanner, M; Winstanley, P, 2009)	0.59
" None of three serious dermatological adverse events in the IPTi group were judged related to study treatment compared with one of 13 in the placebo group."	( Efficacy and safety of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for malaria in African infants: a pooled analysis of six randomised, placebo-controlled trials. Adjei, S; Alonso, P; Anemana, S; Aponte, JJ; Breckenridge, A; Carneiro, I; Chandramohan, D; Critchley, J; Danquah, I; Dodoo, A; Egan, A; Greenwood, B; Grobusch, MP; Issifou, S; Kobbe, R; Kremsner, PG; Lell, B; Macete, E; May, J; Menendez, C; Mockenhaupt, F; Mshinda, H; Newman, RD; Owusu-Agyei, S; Premji, Z; Sanz, S; Schellenberg, D; Sevene, E; Slutsker, L; Soulaymani-Becheikh, R; Tanner, M; Winstanley, P, 2009)	0.59
"IPTi with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine was safe and efficacious across a range of malaria transmission settings, suggesting that this intervention is a useful contribution to malaria control."	( Efficacy and safety of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for malaria in African infants: a pooled analysis of six randomised, placebo-controlled trials. Adjei, S; Alonso, P; Anemana, S; Aponte, JJ; Breckenridge, A; Carneiro, I; Chandramohan, D; Critchley, J; Danquah, I; Dodoo, A; Egan, A; Greenwood, B; Grobusch, MP; Issifou, S; Kobbe, R; Kremsner, PG; Lell, B; Macete, E; May, J; Menendez, C; Mockenhaupt, F; Mshinda, H; Newman, RD; Owusu-Agyei, S; Premji, Z; Sanz, S; Schellenberg, D; Sevene, E; Slutsker, L; Soulaymani-Becheikh, R; Tanner, M; Winstanley, P, 2009)	1
"The conventional markers of toxicity in serum, oxidative stress parameters in tissue homogenates, histology of liver and alterations in global transcriptomic expression were evaluated to study the toxic effects of AQ and SP in isolation and in combination."	( A study of toxicity and differential gene expression in murine liver following exposure to anti-malarial drugs: amodiaquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine. Mishra, SK; Rath, SK; Singh, P, 2011)	0.37
" In the second and third trimesters, AL was not associated with increased adverse pregnancy outcomes as compared with quinine or sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, showed improved tolerability relative to quinine, and its efficacy was non-inferior to quinine."	( A systematic review of the safety and efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine against uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria during pregnancy. D'Alessandro, U; Hamed, K; Juma, E; Kayentao, K; Manyando, C; Okafor, HU, 2012)	0.38
" There were no differences between the study arms in the incidence of serious adverse events during the intervention and the incidence of malaria during the 1-y period after the intervention was stopped."	( Protective efficacy and safety of three antimalarial regimens for the prevention of malaria in young Ugandan children: a randomized controlled trial. Achan, J; Aweeka, FT; Bigira, V; Clark, TD; Dorsey, G; Havlir, DV; Huang, L; Kamya, MR; Kapisi, J; Kinara, S; Muhindo, MK; Mwangwa, F; Osterbauer, B; Rosenthal, PJ, 2014)	0.4
" The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and biological adverse effects of the combination of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine."	( Treatment of Congenital Toxoplasmosis: Safety of the Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Combination in Children Based on a Method of Causality Assessment. Charpiat, B; Corvaisier, S; Dupont, D; Leboucher, G; Peyron, F; Teil, J; Vial, T; Wallon, M, 2016)	0.9
"Sixty-five children treated for 1 year with a combination of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (1 dose every 10 days) for congenital toxoplasmosis were followed up to evaluate abnormal hematological values and potential adverse events using a standardized method of causality assessment."	( Treatment of Congenital Toxoplasmosis: Safety of the Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Combination in Children Based on a Method of Causality Assessment. Charpiat, B; Corvaisier, S; Dupont, D; Leboucher, G; Peyron, F; Teil, J; Vial, T; Wallon, M, 2016)	0.93
"8%) presented at least 1 adverse clinical event that was nonspecific, such as diarrhea on the day of drug administration, vomiting and agitation."	( Treatment of Congenital Toxoplasmosis: Safety of the Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Combination in Children Based on a Method of Causality Assessment. Charpiat, B; Corvaisier, S; Dupont, D; Leboucher, G; Peyron, F; Teil, J; Vial, T; Wallon, M, 2016)	0.68
" Occurrences of congenital anomalies, deaths, and serious adverse events were comparable in neonates for both groups."	( Efficacy and Safety of Azithromycin-Chloroquine versus Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Infection in Pregnant Women in Africa: An Open-Label, Randomized Trial. Ayoub, A; Duparc, S; Kamiza, S; Kimani, J; Orrico, R; Phiri, K; Robbins, J; Rojo, R; Vandenbroucke, P, 2016)	0.68
"A surveillance system was established to record all deaths and all malaria cases diagnosed at health facilities and a pharmacovigilance system was established to detect adverse drug reactions."	( Safety of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine plus Amodiaquine when Delivered to Children under 10 Years of Age by District Health Services in Senegal: Results from a Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial. Ba, EH; Cairns, M; Cissé, B; Fall, FB; Faye, B; Gaye, O; Gomis, JF; Greenwood, BM; Kouevijdin, E; Milligan, PJ; Molez, JF; NDiaye, JL; Ndour, CT; Niane, FK; Rogier, C; Sokhna, C; Trape, JF, 2016)	0.68
" No serious adverse events attributable to the intervention were detected, despite a high level of surveillance."	( Safety of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine plus Amodiaquine when Delivered to Children under 10 Years of Age by District Health Services in Senegal: Results from a Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial. Ba, EH; Cairns, M; Cissé, B; Fall, FB; Faye, B; Gaye, O; Gomis, JF; Greenwood, BM; Kouevijdin, E; Milligan, PJ; Molez, JF; NDiaye, JL; Ndour, CT; Niane, FK; Rogier, C; Sokhna, C; Trape, JF, 2016)	0.68
" Monthly IPT-DP was associated with fewer serious adverse events than placebo, daily co-trimoxazole, or monthly SP."	( Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of repeated doses of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for prevention and treatment of malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dorsey, G; Gutman, J; Kovacs, S; Stergachis, A; Ter Kuile, FO, 2017)	0.46
"In endemic areas, malaria and its adverse effects in schoolchildren may be prevented by intermittent preventive treatment (IPTsc)."	( Efficacy and safety of intermittent preventive treatment in schoolchildren with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) and SP plus piperaquine in Democratic Republic of the Congo: a randomised controlled trial. da Luz, RI; Doua, JY; Lutumba, P; Matangila, JR; Mitashi, P; Van Geertruyden, JP, 2017)	0.68
" Here we present the side effect profile of MQ for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria on the Thai-Myanmar/Cambodia borders."	( Adverse effects of mefloquine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Thailand: A pooled analysis of 19, 850 individual patients. Lee, SJ; Luxemburger, C; Nosten, F; Price, RN; Ter Kuile, FO, 2017)	0.46
" For quinine, clindamycin, and mefloquine and the combinations of sulfadoxine+pyrimethamine and artemether+lumefantrine, there are reports (including studies without internal comparison groups) that combined describe 304 to >1100 exposures of women in the first trimester for each drug with no conclusive evidence of adverse effects on pregnancy at therapeutic doses."	( Animal Embryotoxicity Studies of Key Non-Artemisinin Antimalarials and Use in Women in the First Trimester. Clark, RL, 2017)	0.69
" After exclusion of blue urine, adverse events were similar across all groups (59 [74%] of 80 participants had 162 adverse events overall, 145 [90%] of which were mild)."	( Efficacy and safety of primaquine and methylene blue for prevention of Plasmodium falciparum transmission in Mali: a phase 2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Bousema, T; Bradley, J; Brown, JM; Chen, I; Diarra, K; Diawara, H; Dicko, A; Drakeley, C; Gosling, R; Hwang, J; Issiaka, D; Keita, S; Kone, DT; Lanke, K; Mahamar, A; McCulloch, C; Müller, O; Roh, ME; Sanogo, K; Soumare, HM; Srinivasan, V; Stone, WJR; Traore, SF, 2018)	0.48
"Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is recommended by the World Health Organization for the prevention of malaria in pregnancy (MIP)-associated adverse outcomes in high burden areas."	( Safety and efficacy of intermittent presumptive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine using rapid diagnostic test screening and treatment with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine at the first antenatal care visit (IPTp-SP+): study protocol for a randomized Champo, D; Chongwe, G; Ippolito, MM; Kabuya, JB; Manyando, C; Mulenga, M; Mwakazanga, D; Sikalima, J; Tende, C; Young, AMP, 2021)	1.1
" Secondary endpoints include incident MIP at other time points, placental malaria, congenital malaria, hemoglobin trends, birth outcomes, and incidence of adverse events in infants up to the first birthday."	( Safety and efficacy of intermittent presumptive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine using rapid diagnostic test screening and treatment with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine at the first antenatal care visit (IPTp-SP+): study protocol for a randomized Champo, D; Chongwe, G; Ippolito, MM; Kabuya, JB; Manyando, C; Mulenga, M; Mwakazanga, D; Sikalima, J; Tende, C; Young, AMP, 2021)	0.86
"In drug trials, adverse events (AEs) burden can induce treatment non-adherence or discontinuation."	( Effect of adverse events on non-adherence and study non-completion in malaria chemoprevention during pregnancy trial: A nested case control study. Chirwa, T; Divala, T; Kazembe, L; Laufer, MK; Mathanga, D; Mukaka, M; Patson, N; Peterson, I, 2022)	0.72
" RCTs comparing IPTp DP versus recommended standard treatment for IPTp with these outcome measures were analyzed; change in QTc interval, serious adverse events (SAE), grade 3 or 4 adverse events possibly related to study drug and vomiting within 30 min after study drug administration."	( Safety and tolerability of repeated doses of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy: a systematic review and an aggregated data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Abebe, A; Ahmedin, M; Atim, MG; Embaye, SM; Kahabuka, M; Kazembe, D; Manyazewal, T; Mesfin, T; Muthoka, EN; Namuganza, S; Usmael, K, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Several assay methodologies have been developed, but high performance liquid chromatography has been the most used in recent pharmacokinetic studies."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics of mefloquine. Karbwang, J; White, NJ, 1990)	0.28
" The pharmacokinetic parameters for group 1 and group 3 were not significantly different."	( Pharmacokinetics of mefloquine in combination with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and primaquine in male Thai patients with falciparum malaria. Back, DJ; Breckenridge, AM; Bunnag, D; Karbwang, J, 1990)	0.53
" The pregnant uterus could not be recognised as an extra compartment, either in distribution volume nor in the pharmacokinetic model."	( Influence of gestation on the pharmacokinetics of four sulphonamides in goats. Van Deurzen, JM; Van Duin, CT; Van Gogh, H; Van Miert, AS, 1990)	0.28
" The pharmacokinetic evaluation of each of the three components was based on the assumption of an open linear one-compartment model."	( Pharmacokinetics of the combination pyrimethamine with sulfadoxine and mefloquine (FANSIMEF) in Chinese volunteers and the relative bioavailability of a lacquered tablet. Arnold, K; Fu, LC; Guo, XB; Li, GQ; Liu, QD; Wang, NS, 1990)	0.53
" The pharmacokinetic evaluation of each of the three components was based on the assumption of an open linear two-compartment model."	( Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of the antimalarial drug Fansimef (pyrimethamine + sulfadoxine + mefloquine) in healthy subjects. Heizmann, P; Mimica, I; Portmann, R; Schwartz, DE; Weidekamm, E, 1987)	0.5
" There was considerable interindividual variability in the pharmacokinetic parameters; for example in the male subjects receiving MQ alone peak concentrations ranged between 638 and 2494 ng X ml-1 with a mean concentration of 1442 ng X ml-1."	( The pharmacokinetics of mefloquine when given alone or in combination with sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine in Thai male and female subjects. Back, DJ; Breckenridge, AM; Bunnag, D; Karbwang, J, 1987)	0.27
"The pharmacokinetic properties of three sulphonamides were determined in ruminant and preruminant kids after oral and intravenous administration."	( Pharmacokinetics of three sulphonamides in ruminant and preruminant kids. van Deurzen, EJ; van Duin, CT; van Gogh, H; van Miert, AS; Watson, AD, 1987)	0.27
" The biological half-life of TD--t1/2 beta for SD is 14."	( [Pharmacokinetics, biological availability and residues of sulfadoxine and trimethoprim when used jointly on calves]. Avramova, N; Drumev, D; Koĭchev, KB; Mutafchieva, R; Pashkov, D, 1984)	0.51
" Similarly, evaluation of the pharmacokinetic properties of halofantrine has led to the demonstration that poor and erratic absorption could be just as likely to explain therapeutic failure as resistance of the parasite to effects of this drug."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics in the treatment of tropical diseases. Some applications and limitations. Edwards, G; Ward, SA; Winstanley, PA, 1994)	0.29
" After intravenous administration of product A the mean time of half-life of elimination phase (t1/2) for sulphadoxine was 12."	( Pharmacokinetics of sulphadoxine and trimethoprim and tissue irritation caused by two sulphadoxine-trimethoprim containing products after subcutaneous administration in pre-ruminant calves. Gips, M; Härtel, H; Kaartinen, L; Laurila, T; Pyörälä, S; Soback, S, )	0.13
"To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for pyrimethamine (PYR) and sulfadoxine (SDX) in children with congenital toxoplasmosis."	( Population pharmacokinetics of pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine in children with congenital toxoplasmosis. Chemla, C; Dupouy, D; Jaussaud, R; Leroux, B; Millart, H; Pinon, JM; Quereux, C; Rémy, G; Simon, N; Trenque, T; Urien, S; Villena, I, 2004)	0.81
" Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using a nonlinear mixed effects model."	( Population pharmacokinetics of pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine in children with congenital toxoplasmosis. Chemla, C; Dupouy, D; Jaussaud, R; Leroux, B; Millart, H; Pinon, JM; Quereux, C; Rémy, G; Simon, N; Trenque, T; Urien, S; Villena, I, 2004)	0.58
" A one-compartment model was used as the structural model, and individual pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by Bayesian modeling."	( Population pharmacokinetics of pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine in children treated for congenital toxoplasmosis. Al Kurdi, M; Charpiat, B; Chaulet, JF; Corvaisier, S; Leboucher, G; Mounier, C; Peyron, F; Wallon, M, 2004)	0.58
"To explore possible pharmacokinetic interactions between CQ and S/P during co-administration, and to determine their bioavailability in the locally made Homapak compared to the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) made formulations."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between chloroquine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine and their bioequivalence in a generic fixed-dose combination in healthy volunteers in Uganda. Anokbonggo, WW; Gustafsson, LL; Hellgren, U; Lundblad, MS; Mahindi, M; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Ogwal-Okeng, JW, 2006)	0.59
" Plasma samples were followed for 21 days, analysed by HPLC-UV methods, with pharmacokinetic modeling using the WinNonlin software."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between chloroquine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine and their bioequivalence in a generic fixed-dose combination in healthy volunteers in Uganda. Anokbonggo, WW; Gustafsson, LL; Hellgren, U; Lundblad, MS; Mahindi, M; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Ogwal-Okeng, JW, 2006)	0.59
" No significant differences were observed in the other pharmacokinetic parameters of S, P and CQ when given together or separately."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between chloroquine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine and their bioequivalence in a generic fixed-dose combination in healthy volunteers in Uganda. Anokbonggo, WW; Gustafsson, LL; Hellgren, U; Lundblad, MS; Mahindi, M; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Ogwal-Okeng, JW, 2006)	0.59
"There were no pharmacokinetic interactions between CQ, S and P when the compounds were given together, however, more investigations would be needed to explore this further."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between chloroquine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine and their bioequivalence in a generic fixed-dose combination in healthy volunteers in Uganda. Anokbonggo, WW; Gustafsson, LL; Hellgren, U; Lundblad, MS; Mahindi, M; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Ogwal-Okeng, JW, 2006)	0.59
"Our objective was to characterize the pharmacokinetic properties of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in African adults and children with acute falciparum malaria."	( Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine pharmacokinetics in malaria: pediatric dosing implications. Barnes, KI; Evans, A; Little, F; Smith, PJ; Watkins, WM; White, NJ, 2006)	2.01
"In a prospective multicenter pharmacokinetic study in 307 patients with acute falciparum malaria, capillary blood concentrations of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine were determined at 9 visits over a period of 42 days by mass spectrometry."	( Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine pharmacokinetics in malaria: pediatric dosing implications. Barnes, KI; Evans, A; Little, F; Smith, PJ; Watkins, WM; White, NJ, 2006)	1.98
" Among prepartum women, the median half-life for sulfadoxine was significantly shorter than that observed in postpartum women (148 vs 256 h; P<."	( Pharmacokinetics of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women in Western Kenya. Ayisi, JG; Green, MD; Kager, PA; Nahlen, BL; Nettey, H; Parise, ME; Steketee, R; van Eijk, AM; van Ter Kuile, FO, 2007)	0.92
"Pregnancy significantly modifies the disposition of SP, whereas HIV status has little influence on pharmacokinetic parameters in pregnant women."	( Pharmacokinetics of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women in Western Kenya. Ayisi, JG; Green, MD; Kager, PA; Nahlen, BL; Nettey, H; Parise, ME; Steketee, R; van Eijk, AM; van Ter Kuile, FO, 2007)	0.66
" * The available data on CQ, SDx and PYR are summary pharmacokinetic parameters based on classical/traditional methods, mostly in adults."	( Population pharmacokinetics of chloroquine and sulfadoxine and treatment response in children with malaria: suggestions for an improved dose regimen. Gordi, T; Gustafsson, LL; Hellgren, U; Jerling, M; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Ogwal-Okeng, JW, 2008)	0.6
"* This study presents population pharmacokinetic data on CQ and SDx in children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria."	( Population pharmacokinetics of chloroquine and sulfadoxine and treatment response in children with malaria: suggestions for an improved dose regimen. Gordi, T; Gustafsson, LL; Hellgren, U; Jerling, M; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Ogwal-Okeng, JW, 2008)	0.6
" A population approach was used for the pharmacokinetic analysis."	( Population pharmacokinetics of chloroquine and sulfadoxine and treatment response in children with malaria: suggestions for an improved dose regimen. Gordi, T; Gustafsson, LL; Hellgren, U; Jerling, M; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Ogwal-Okeng, JW, 2008)	0.6
"To determine the pharmacokinetic disposition of sulfadoxine (SDOX) and pyrimethamine (PYR) when administered as intermittent presumptive treatment during pregnancy (IPTp) for malaria, 30 Papua New Guinean women in the second or third trimester of pregnancy and 30 age-matched nonpregnant women were given a single dose of 1,500 mg of SDOX plus 75 mg of pyrimethamine PYR."	( Pharmacokinetic properties of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in pregnant women. Baiwog, F; Davis, TM; Gomorrai, S; Ilett, KF; Karunajeewa, HA; Law, I; Mueller, I; Page-Sharp, M; Rogerson, S; Salman, S; Siba, P, 2009)	0.9
" SP pharmacokinetic parameters differed significantly among the study sites."	( Pharmacokinetics of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine in intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy. Adam, I; Barnes, KI; Cassam, Y; Doumbo, O; Guirou, E; Kayentao, K; Little, F; Mauff, K; Nyunt, MM; Smith, P; Sullivan, D; Thuma, P; Traore, B; van Dijk, J, 2010)	0.68
" To assess its pharmacokinetic properties when administered as intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp), two 2-g doses were given 24 h apart to 31 pregnant and 29 age-matched nonpregnant Papua New Guinean women."	( Pharmacokinetic properties of azithromycin in pregnancy. Baiwog, F; Davis, TM; Gomorai, S; Griffin, S; Ilett, KF; Kandai, J; Karunajeewa, HA; Kose, K; Mueller, I; O'Halloran, SJ; Rogerson, SJ; Salman, S; Siba, P; Winmai, J, 2010)	0.36
" However, information on pharmacokinetic disposition of SDX-pyrimethamine in children is limited."	( Pharmacokinetic disposition of sulfadoxine in children with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria treated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in South West Nigeria. Gbotosho, GO; Happi, CT; Oduola, A; Sijuade, A; Sowunmi, A, 2012)	0.66
" We developed population pharmacokinetic (PK) models to describe the distribution of sulfadoxine (SDX) and pyrimethamine (PYM) in children with uncomplicated malaria in Malawi."	( Population pharmacokinetics of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine in Malawian children with malaria. Bell, DJ; Molyneux, ME; Mukaka, M; Nyirongo, SK; Ward, SA; Winstanley, PA, 2011)	0.88
" Because of limited pharmacokinetic data and suggestions that higher milligram/kilogram pediatric doses than recommended should be considered, we assessed SDX/PYR disposition, randomized to conventional (25/1."	( Pharmacokinetic properties of conventional and double-dose sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine given as intermittent preventive treatment in infancy. Davis, TM; Griffin, S; Ilett, KF; Kose, K; Moore, B; Mueller, I; Pitus, N; Salman, S; Siba, P; Winmai, J, 2011)	0.61
" Yet, limited data is available on pharmacokinetic interactions between these drugs."	( Effects of amodiaquine and artesunate on sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine pharmacokinetic parameters in children under five in Mali. Barnes, KI; Beavogui, AH; Djimde, AA; Doumbo, OK; Evans, A; Fredericks, A; Maiga, H; Sangare, CP; Smith, P; Tekete, MM; Toure, S; Traore, ZI, 2011)	0.37
" Exactly 100 μl of capillary blood was collected onto filter paper before drug administration at day 0 and at days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 after drug administration for analysis of sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine pharmacokinetic parameters."	( Effects of amodiaquine and artesunate on sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine pharmacokinetic parameters in children under five in Mali. Barnes, KI; Beavogui, AH; Djimde, AA; Doumbo, OK; Evans, A; Fredericks, A; Maiga, H; Sangare, CP; Smith, P; Tekete, MM; Toure, S; Traore, ZI, 2011)	0.37
"001) and thus elimination half-life (3."	( Effects of amodiaquine and artesunate on sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine pharmacokinetic parameters in children under five in Mali. Barnes, KI; Beavogui, AH; Djimde, AA; Doumbo, OK; Evans, A; Fredericks, A; Maiga, H; Sangare, CP; Smith, P; Tekete, MM; Toure, S; Traore, ZI, 2011)	0.37
" Identified articles were included in the review if the study had at least one group that reported at least one pharmacokinetic parameter of interest in pregnant women."	( Pharmacokinetics of antimalarials in pregnancy: a systematic review. Ensom, MH; Wilby, KJ, 2011)	0.37
"The aim of the present study was to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles between a new generic and the branded reference formulation of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine FDC tablets, and to assess the bioequivalence of the 2 products in healthy Chinese volunteers."	( Pharmacokinetic properties and bioequivalence of two sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine fixed-dose combination tablets: a parallel-design study in healthy Chinese male volunteers. Jia, JY; Liu, GY; Liu, Y; Liu, YM; Lu, C; Pu, HH; Song, YX; Yu, C; Zhang, HC; Zhang, KE; Zheng, QS; Zhu, JM, 2012)	0.83
" Pharmacokinetic properties (C(max), AUC(0-72), AUC(0-168), and T(max)) were calculated and analyzed statistically."	( Pharmacokinetic properties and bioequivalence of two sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine fixed-dose combination tablets: a parallel-design study in healthy Chinese male volunteers. Jia, JY; Liu, GY; Liu, Y; Liu, YM; Lu, C; Pu, HH; Song, YX; Yu, C; Zhang, HC; Zhang, KE; Zheng, QS; Zhu, JM, 2012)	0.63
"The findings from this single-dose (1500/75-mg) study suggest that the test and reference formulations of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine FDC 500/25-mg tablet have similar pharmacokinetic profiles both in terms of rate and extent of absorption."	( Pharmacokinetic properties and bioequivalence of two sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine fixed-dose combination tablets: a parallel-design study in healthy Chinese male volunteers. Jia, JY; Liu, GY; Liu, Y; Liu, YM; Lu, C; Pu, HH; Song, YX; Yu, C; Zhang, HC; Zhang, KE; Zheng, QS; Zhu, JM, 2012)	0.84
" Compartmental pharmacokinetic models were developed using a population-based approach."	( Population pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and safety of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-piperaquine in pregnant and nonpregnant Papua New Guinean women. Batty, KT; Benjamin, JM; Davis, TM; Lorry, L; Moore, BR; Mueller, I; Page-Sharp, M; Robinson, LJ; Salman, S; Siba, PM; Tawat, S; Yadi, G, 2015)	0.64
"The ongoing development of new antimalarial drugs and the increasing use of controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) studies to investigate their activity in early-stage clinical trials require the development of methods to analyze their pharmacodynamic effect."	( Evaluating the pharmacodynamic effect of antimalarial drugs in clinical trials by quantitative PCR. Baker, M; Marquart, L; McCarthy, JS; O'Rourke, P, 2015)	0.42
" However, pharmacokinetic studies in pregnancy show variable and often contradictory findings."	( Trimester-Specific Population Pharmacokinetics and Other Correlates of Variability in Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine Disposition Among Ugandan Pregnant Women. Bisaso, KR; Byamugisha, J; Mukonzo, JK; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Odia, G; Odongo, CO; Ojara, FW, 2015)	0.42
" Population pharmacokinetic analysis was done using NONMEM software."	( Trimester-Specific Population Pharmacokinetics and Other Correlates of Variability in Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine Disposition Among Ugandan Pregnant Women. Bisaso, KR; Byamugisha, J; Mukonzo, JK; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Odia, G; Odongo, CO; Ojara, FW, 2015)	0.42
" Between trimesters, statistically significant differences in central volumes of distribution (V(2)) were observed for both drugs, while differences in the distribution half-life and the terminal elimination half-life were observed for pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine, respectively."	( Trimester-Specific Population Pharmacokinetics and Other Correlates of Variability in Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine Disposition Among Ugandan Pregnant Women. Bisaso, KR; Byamugisha, J; Mukonzo, JK; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Odia, G; Odongo, CO; Ojara, FW, 2015)	0.42
" Data from 98 women during pregnancy and 77 after delivery in four African countries were analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling to characterize the effects of pregnancy, postpartum duration, and other covariates such as body weight and hematocrit on sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine pharmacokinetic properties."	( Pharmacokinetics of Sulfadoxine and Pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria During Pregnancy and After Delivery. Adam, I; Barnes, KI; de Kock, M; Denti, P; Nyunt, MM; Tarning, J; Workman, L, 2017)	0.96
"Despite extensive use and accumulated evidence of safety, there have been few pharmacokinetic studies from which appropriate chloroquine (CQ) dosing regimens could be developed specifically for pregnant women."	( Optimal antimalarial dose regimens for chloroquine in pregnancy based on population pharmacokinetic modelling. Baiwog, F; Davis, TME; Ilett, KF; Karunajeewa, HA; Kose, K; Mueller, I; Page-Sharp, M; Rogerson, SJ; Salman, S; Siba, PM, 2017)	0.46
" This study determined the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the mefloquine stereoisomers and the metabolite carboxymefloquine (CMQ) when given as IPTp in pregnant women."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Mefloquine Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria in Pregnancy in Gabon. Akerey-Diop, D; Basra, A; Geditz, M; Gonzalez, R; Hofmann, U; Kerb, R; Kremsner, PG; Lehr, T; Mackanga, JR; Matsiegui, PB; Menendez, C; Mombo-Ngoma, G; Ramharter, M; Schwab, M; Wojtyniak, JG; Würbel, H; Zoleko Manego, R, 2019)	0.51
" Understanding the safety, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of antimalarial combination therapies is crucial in optimising dosing."	( Pharmacokinetic considerations in seasonal malaria chemoprevention. Chotsiri, P; Tarning, J; White, NJ, 2022)	0.72

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Mefloquine was administered alone (750 mg orally; group 1), or with primaquine (PQ, 45 mg; group 2), or in combination with sulfadoxine (1."	( Pharmacokinetics of mefloquine in combination with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and primaquine in male Thai patients with falciparum malaria. Back, DJ; Breckenridge, AM; Bunnag, D; Karbwang, J, 1990)	0.74
" 175 Europeans travelling to different malaria endemic areas received either mefloquine alone (250 mg/week) or its combination with sulfadoxine (500 mg/week) plus pyrimethamine (25 mg/week)."	( Tolerance of mefloquine alone and in combination with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in the prophylaxis of malaria. Dietrich, M; Horstmann, RD; Reisinger, EC, )	0.58
"To assess the effectiveness of chloroquine or amodiaquine given with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine to treat uncomplicated falciparum malaria."	( Chloroquine or amodiaquine combined with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated malaria. McIntosh, HM, 2000)	0.81
"Randomised and quasi-randomised trials of chloroquine or amodiaquine given with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine compared with either drug alone in adults or children with confirmed uncomplicated falciparum malaria."	( Chloroquine or amodiaquine combined with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated malaria. McIntosh, HM, 2000)	0.8
"In areas where chloroquine or amodiaquine are still effective, despite some degree of resistance, using these drugs in combination with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, rather than sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine alone, may make people feel better faster and improve sustained parasites clearance."	( Chloroquine or amodiaquine combined with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated malaria. McIntosh, HM, 2000)	0.78
" From September to December 1998, 598 children with uncomplicated malaria were treated; 135 received chloroquine (CQ) alone, 276 received pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine (Fansidar, PSD) alone, 113 received PSD with a single dose of artesunate (PSD + 1ART) and 74 received PSD combined with three doses of artesunate (PSD + 3ART)."	( Parasitaemia and gametocytaemia after treatment with chloroquine, pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine, and pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine combined with artesunate in young Gambians with uncomplicated malaria. Coleman, R; Doherty, T; Jawara, M; Targett, G; von Seidlein, L; Walraven, G, 2001)	0.74
"To assess the effectiveness of chloroquine or amodiaquine given with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine to treat uncomplicated falciparum malaria."	( Chloroquine or amodiaquine combined with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated malaria. McIntosh, HM, 2001)	0.81
"Randomised and quasi-randomised trials of chloroquine or amodiaquine given with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine compared with either drug alone in adults or children with confirmed uncomplicated falciparum malaria."	( Chloroquine or amodiaquine combined with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated malaria. McIntosh, HM, 2001)	0.8
"In areas where chloroquine or amodiaquine are still effective, despite some degree of resistance, using these drugs in combination with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, rather than sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine alone, may make people feel better faster and improve sustained parasites clearance."	( Chloroquine or amodiaquine combined with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated malaria. McIntosh, HM, 2001)	0.78
" Overall 14,017 (85%) individuals living in the study area were treated with either placebo or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) combined with a single dose of artesunate (AS)."	( The effect of mass administration of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combined with artesunate on malaria incidence: a double-blind, community-randomized, placebo-controlled trial in The Gambia. Alexander, N; Bennett, S; Coleman, R; De Martin, S; Deen, JL; Doherty, JF; Drakeley, C; Greenwood, BM; Jawara, M; Lindsay, SW; Manneh, F; McAdam, KP; Milligan, PJ; Okunoye, K; Olliaro, P; Pinder, M; Schim van der Loeff, M; Targett, GA; von Seidlein, L; Walraven, G, )	0.62
"The effectiveness of chloroquine or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine administered with artesunate for treating uncomplicated falciparum malaria was assessed in 2 Vietnamese provinces where the sensitivity of parasites in vitro to conventional therapies had increased with the removal of drug pressure."	( Treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in southern Vietnam: can chloroquine or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine be reintroduced in combination with artesunate? Cox-Singh, J; Davis, TM; Doan, HN; Hewitt, S; Le, DC; Nguyen, MH; Nguyen, TH; Tran, BK; Tran, QT; Vo, NP, 2003)	0.82
" In 2002, we assessed the efficacy of SP alone and combined with amodiaquine (AQ/SP) or chloroquine (CQ/SP) in Ugandan children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria."	( Efficacy of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine alone or combined with amodiaquine or chloroquine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Ugandan children. Bakyaita, N; D'Alessandro, U; Egwang, TG; Langi, P; Mutabingwa, TK; Nalunkuma-Kazibwe, A; Talisuna, AO; Van Marck, E; Watkins, WW, 2004)	0.32
"The efficacy of pyrimethamine or sulfadoxine administered in combination with azithromycin was examined in a rodent malaria model."	( Plasmodium yoelii: activity of azithromycin in combination with pyrimethamine or sulfadoxine against blood and sporozoite induced infections in Swiss mice. Neerja, J; Puri, SK, )	0.64
" At a meeting in Port Moresby in October 1997, it was decided to explore a possible change of the current first-line treatment of uncomplicated malaria with chloroquine alone (amodiaquine for children under five years) to chloroquine or amodiaquine in combination with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (S-P)."	( Therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine or amodiaquine in combination with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Papua New Guinea. Bulungol, P; Hwaihwanje, I; Jayatilaka, KD; Kemiki, A; Taviri, J, )	0.54
"To overcome the declining efficacy of the 4-aminoquinolines in Papua New Guinea, sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) was combined with the 4-aminoquinolines as the first line treatment for falciparum malaria since 2000."	( Rapid selection of dhfr mutant allele in Plasmodium falciparum isolates after the introduction of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine in combination with 4-aminoquinolines in Papua New Guinea. Björkman, A; Hwaihwanje, I; Kaneko, A; Kobayakawa, T; Mita, T; Osawa, H; Takahashi, N; Tanabe, K; Tsukahara, T, 2006)	0.78
"Artesunate (AS) in combination with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) is the first-line therapy for management of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Sudan."	( Pharmacokinetics of artesunate alone and in combination with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine in healthy Sudanese volunteers. Awad, AI; Elamin, SB; Matar, KM, 2014)	0.92
" Furthermore, doxycycline has anti-malarial properties and is already recommended as prophylaxis for travellers and for treatment of falciparum malaria in combination with other anti-malarial drugs."	( Has doxycycline, in combination with anti-malarial drugs, a role to play in intermittent preventive treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in pregnant women in Africa? Boxberger, M; Gaillard, T; Madamet, M; Pradines, B, 2018)	0.48

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"The oral single-dose pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of mefloquine (M) in combination with pyrimethamine (P) and sulfadoxine (S) from a single non-lacquered tablet (NL; M 250 mg, P 25 mg, S 500 mg) and two lacquered tablets (L; M 125 mg, P 12."	( Pharmacokinetics of the combination pyrimethamine with sulfadoxine and mefloquine (FANSIMEF) in Chinese volunteers and the relative bioavailability of a lacquered tablet. Arnold, K; Fu, LC; Guo, XB; Li, GQ; Liu, QD; Wang, NS, 1990)	0.74
" Of the three drugs tested, SDX might be the most satisfactory for therapeutic use in preruminant animals, because it has good bioavailability after oral administration and long t1/2(el)."	( Pharmacokinetics of three sulphonamides in ruminant and preruminant kids. van Deurzen, EJ; van Duin, CT; van Gogh, H; van Miert, AS; Watson, AD, 1987)	0.27
"The bioavailability of two oral preparations of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine are compared in a randomised cross-over study."	( A study of the comparative bioavailability of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine obtained from two oral preparations. Mberu, E; Murphy, SA, 1994)	0.77
" The developed analytical approach was successfully validated and was applied in the pharmacokinetic evaluation of the bioavailability between two sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine formulations available on the Eastern African market, using a cross-over design."	( Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric assay for simultaneous pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine determination in human plasma samples. Decaestecker, TN; Remon, JP; Risha, PG; Sinnaeve, BA; Van Bocxlaer, JF; Vervaet, C, 2005)	0.75
"The main objective of this work was to assess the relative bioavailability of two tablet formulations containing sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) and marketed in Tanzania."	( Existence of antimalarial formulations with low bioavailability in Tanzania. Ericsson, O; Gustafsson, LL; Justin-Temu, M; Massele, A; Minzi, OM, 2006)	0.54
"To explore possible pharmacokinetic interactions between CQ and S/P during co-administration, and to determine their bioavailability in the locally made Homapak compared to the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) made formulations."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between chloroquine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine and their bioequivalence in a generic fixed-dose combination in healthy volunteers in Uganda. Anokbonggo, WW; Gustafsson, LL; Hellgren, U; Lundblad, MS; Mahindi, M; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Ogwal-Okeng, JW, 2006)	0.59
" The relative bioavailability of CQ and S in Homapak showed bioequivalence to reference formulations."	( Pharmacokinetic interactions between chloroquine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine and their bioequivalence in a generic fixed-dose combination in healthy volunteers in Uganda. Anokbonggo, WW; Gustafsson, LL; Hellgren, U; Lundblad, MS; Mahindi, M; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Ogwal-Okeng, JW, 2006)	0.59
" We summarized the data under the following themes: content and dissolution; relative bioavailability of antimalarial products; antimalarial stability and shelf life; general tests on pharmaceutical dosage forms; and the presence of degradation or unidentifiable impurities in formulations."	( Antimalarial drug quality in Africa. Amin, AA; Kokwaro, GO, 2007)	0.34
" The literature was varied in the quality and breadth of data presented, with most bioavailability studies poorly designed and executed."	( Antimalarial drug quality in Africa. Amin, AA; Kokwaro, GO, 2007)	0.34
" The results indicate the suitability of this technique in antimalarial drug quality and bioavailability studies."	( A simple technique for the detection of anti-malarial drug formulations and their presence in human urine. Akida, JA; Lemnge, MM; Lugimbana, L; Malebo, HM; Malle, LN; Segeja, MD, 2006)	0.33
" The only significant relationship for a range of potential covariates, including malarial parasitemia, was with pregnancy, which accounted for an 86% increase in the volume of distribution of the central compartment relative to bioavailability without a significant change in the AUC(0-infinity)."	( Pharmacokinetic properties of azithromycin in pregnancy. Baiwog, F; Davis, TM; Gomorai, S; Griffin, S; Ilett, KF; Kandai, J; Karunajeewa, HA; Kose, K; Mueller, I; O'Halloran, SJ; Rogerson, SJ; Salman, S; Siba, P; Winmai, J, 2010)	0.36
" There was a 32% reduction in SDX relative bioavailability with the double dose but no evidence of dose-dependent metabolism."	( Pharmacokinetic properties of conventional and double-dose sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine given as intermittent preventive treatment in infancy. Davis, TM; Griffin, S; Ilett, KF; Kose, K; Moore, B; Mueller, I; Pitus, N; Salman, S; Siba, P; Winmai, J, 2011)	0.61
"001) in association with a greater clearance relative to bioavailability (73."	( Population pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and safety of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-piperaquine in pregnant and nonpregnant Papua New Guinean women. Batty, KT; Benjamin, JM; Davis, TM; Lorry, L; Moore, BR; Mueller, I; Page-Sharp, M; Robinson, LJ; Salman, S; Siba, PM; Tawat, S; Yadi, G, 2015)	0.64
" CF fortified with highly bioavailable iron improved iron status but not Hb concentration, despite three-monthly IPT of malaria."	( The effect of iron-fortified complementary food and intermittent preventive treatment of malaria on anaemia in 12- to 36-month-old children: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Adiossan, LG; Brittenham, GM; Diakité, VG; Glinz, D; Hurrell, RF; N'Goran, EK; Ouattara, M; Righetti, AA; Seifert, B; Utzinger, J; Wegmüller, R; Zimmermann, MB, 2015)	0.42
" In the split-dose group, mefloquine bioavailability was significantly increased by 5%."	( Population Pharmacokinetics of Mefloquine Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria in Pregnancy in Gabon. Akerey-Diop, D; Basra, A; Geditz, M; Gonzalez, R; Hofmann, U; Kerb, R; Kremsner, PG; Lehr, T; Mackanga, JR; Matsiegui, PB; Menendez, C; Mombo-Ngoma, G; Ramharter, M; Schwab, M; Wojtyniak, JG; Würbel, H; Zoleko Manego, R, 2019)	0.51
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Dosage data indicated that fatalities had taken higher doses and continued prophylaxis after onset of symptoms."	( Serious adverse drug reactions to pyrimethamine-sulphadoxine, pyrimethamine-dapsone and to amodiaquine in Britain. Phillips-Howard, PA; West, LJ, 1990)	0.28
" The dosage of mefloquine is 250 mg weekly (1 tablet Lariam) for 4 weeks, followed by 1 tablet every fortnight."	( [Malaria in Switzerland]. Fernex, M, 1988)	0.27
" Six Brazilian volunteers received a loading dose of 2 tablets followed by 20 maintenance doses of 1 tablet at a dosage interval of 7 days."	( Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of the antimalarial drug Fansimef (pyrimethamine + sulfadoxine + mefloquine) in healthy subjects. Heizmann, P; Mimica, I; Portmann, R; Schwartz, DE; Weidekamm, E, 1987)	0.5
"Two different diets for the host and three drug dosage regimens were used to select lines resistant to sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine from the parent strain of the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei [the N (K173) strain]."	( Plasmodium berghei: diet and drug dosage regimens influencing selection of drug-resistant parasites in mice. Merkli, B; Richle, R, 1983)	0.48
"A study was carried out to assess the efficacy of a modified 7 day course of quinine in children with falciparum malaria, in comparison with those of a 7 day course of quinine at standard dosage and a combination of a 7 day course of quinine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, and in relation to the MIC, and to the serum levels of quinine during the course of treatment."	( Treatment of quinine resistant falciparum malaria in Thai children. Attanath, P; Chongsuphajaisiddhi, T; Sabchareon, A, 1983)	0.45
" Reappraisal of quinine therapy has led to important modifications in dosage recommendations and recognition of a major complication of severe malaria associated with its use--hypoglycaemia."	( Management of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Phillips, RE, 1984)	0.27
"Pharmacokinetic data were evaluated for 14 volunteers after administration of 1 tablet of Fansidar, and a computer simulation of multiple dosing (1 tablet per week) was performed."	( Plasma concentrations in pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine and evaluation of pharmacokinetic data by computerized curve fitting. Dubach, UC; Forgo, I; Plozza-Nottebrock, H; Weidekamm, E, 1982)	0.53
"A sensitive, rapid and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed to measure plasma levels of pyrimethamine in human subjects dosed with the antimalarials Fansidar or Fansidar and mefloquine."	( Determination of pyrimethamine in human plasma after administration of fansidar of fansidar-mefloquine by means of high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Timm, U; Weidekamm, E, 1982)	0.26
" Sows in five of the groups were dosed with high levels of tiamulin and trimethoprim-sulphonamide preparations from their entry into the farrowing house until their biggest piglets were weaned."	( Medicated early weaning to obtain pigs free from pathogens endemic in the herd of origin. Alexander, TJ; Boon, G; Gush, AF; Lysons, RJ; Thornton, K, 1980)	0.26
"In recent years major advances have been made in the clinical pharmacology of many drugs used for the treatment of tropical diseases, particularly in the design and development of dosage regimens for the treatment of severe malaria."	( Clinical pharmacokinetics in the treatment of tropical diseases. Some applications and limitations. Edwards, G; Ward, SA; Winstanley, PA, 1994)	0.29
"In a randomized trial, a high dosage chloroquine monotherapy (45 mg/kg over 3 days) was compared with combination regimens of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine and chloroquine/clindamycin for treating Gabonese school children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria."	( Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine or chloroquine/clindamycin treatment of Gabonese school children infected with chloroquine resistant malaria. Bienzle, U; Graninger, W; Kremsner, PG; Metzger, W; Mordmüller, B, 1995)	1.94
" This malaria parasite was sensitive to standard dosage of either chloroquine or sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine."	( Malaria in Mvumi, central Tanzania and the in vivo response of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and sulphadoxine pyrimethamine. Mboera, LE; Ndawi, BT; Wakibara, JV, 1997)	0.3
" Chemoprophylaxis was given to both the groups at weekly intervals using age adjusted dosage of Pyrixine tablet (sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine)."	( The use of personal protective measures in control of malaria in a defined community. Kyaw, MP; Lin, H; Linn, N; Lwin, M; Maung, NS; Ohn, M; Oo, T; Soe, K, 1997)	0.51
" In a pilot study carried out in Gabon, a reduced dosage of the triple combination with a mean of 1 mg/kg of mefloquine/2 mg/kg of sulfadoxine/0."	( Malaria chemotherapy trial at a minimal effective dose of mefloquine/sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine compared with equivalent doses of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine or mefloquine alone. Handschin, J; Kremsner, PG; Lehman, LG; Lell, B; Schmidt-Ott, JR; Sturchler, D, 1998)	0.74
" All sanctioned providers limited their first choices of antimalarial drug to those recommended by the national malaria control program and reported using correct dosing regimens."	( Use of antimalarial drugs in Mali: policy versus reality. Dicko, A; Diop, S; Djimde, A; Doumbo, O; Plowe, CV; Wellems, TE, 1998)	0.3
" Product A, which contained 200 mg sulphadoxine and 40 mg trimethoprim per mL, was administered intravenously or subcutaneously at a dosage of 25 mg sulphadoxine and 5 mg trimethoprim."	( Pharmacokinetics of sulphadoxine and trimethoprim and tissue irritation caused by two sulphadoxine-trimethoprim containing products after subcutaneous administration in pre-ruminant calves. Gips, M; Härtel, H; Kaartinen, L; Laurila, T; Pyörälä, S; Soback, S, )	0.13
"We report the case of a patient who did not follow the prescribed dosage and who developed acute neurological disorders after overdosing."	( [Danger of malaria self-treatment. Acute neurologic toxicity of mefloquine and its combination with pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine]. Granier, H; Laborde, JP; Martin, J; Nicolas, X; Talarmin, F, 2001)	0.52
" In areas where levels of drug resistance and complexity of infections are high, drug dosage and parasite genotyping may be of limited interest in improving the precision of drug efficacy measurement."	( Combination of drug level measurement and parasite genotyping data for improved assessment of amodiaquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine efficacies in treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Gabonese children. Aubouy, A; Bakary, M; Cot, M; Deloron, P; Keundjian, A; Le Bras, J; Makita, JR; Mbomat, B; Migot-Nabias, F, 2003)	0.53
" The dosage schedule led to a rapid clinical response and reduced parasite clearance and fever subsidence times of (31."	( Descriptive study on the efficacy and safety of artesunate suppository in combination with other antimalarials in the treatment of severe malaria in Sudan. Alkadru, AM; Awad, MI; Baraka, OZ; Behrens, RH; Eltayeb, IB, 2003)	0.32
" To optimize PYR/SDX combination treatment in congenital toxoplasmosis, short dosing intervals in very young low-wight children are probably appropriate."	( Population pharmacokinetics of pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine in children with congenital toxoplasmosis. Chemla, C; Dupouy, D; Jaussaud, R; Leroux, B; Millart, H; Pinon, JM; Quereux, C; Rémy, G; Simon, N; Trenque, T; Urien, S; Villena, I, 2004)	0.58
"36), there was a significant reduction in hospital admissions for anemia during the month after dosing for both the first and second dose."	( Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria control administered at the time of routine vaccinations in Mozambican infants: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Aide, P; Alonso, P; Aponte, JJ; DgeDge, M; Dobaño, C; Espasa, M; Mabunda, S; Macete, E; Mandomando, I; Menendez, C; Sanz, S; Sigauque, B, 2006)	0.33
" Among HIV-negative women, there was no conclusive additional effect of monthly dosing (2 trials; 24% and 39% resistance)."	( Effect of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance on the efficacy of intermittent preventive therapy for malaria control during pregnancy: a systematic review. Filler, SJ; ter Kuile, FO; van Eijk, AM, 2007)	0.74
" However, more frequent dosing is required in HIV-positive women not using cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for opportunistic infections."	( Effect of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance on the efficacy of intermittent preventive therapy for malaria control during pregnancy: a systematic review. Filler, SJ; ter Kuile, FO; van Eijk, AM, 2007)	0.74
" We summarized the data under the following themes: content and dissolution; relative bioavailability of antimalarial products; antimalarial stability and shelf life; general tests on pharmaceutical dosage forms; and the presence of degradation or unidentifiable impurities in formulations."	( Antimalarial drug quality in Africa. Amin, AA; Kokwaro, GO, 2007)	0.34
" The review highlights the common finding in drug quality studies that (i) most antimalarial products pass the basic tests for pharmaceutical dosage forms, such as the uniformity of weight for tablets, (ii) most antimalarial drugs pass the content test and (iii) in vitro product dissolution is the main problem area where most drugs fail to meet required pharmacopoeial specifications, especially with regard to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine products."	( Antimalarial drug quality in Africa. Amin, AA; Kokwaro, GO, 2007)	0.51
"5% improvement in the accumulated proportion of patients (1) treated, (2) treated within 24h of illness onset, (3) treated with the recommended antimalarials, (4) treated at an adequate dosage and (5) treated for the correct duration."	( Home-based management of fever and malaria treatment practices in Uganda. Nsungwa-Sabiiti, J; Ogwal-Okeng, J; Pariyo, G; Peterson, S; Petzold, MG; Tomson, G, 2007)	0.34
"Single-dose SP was a common result of trying to implement the standard 2-dose regimen and was inferior to all other dosing regimens."	( Inferiority of single-dose sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine intermittent preventive therapy for malaria during pregnancy among HIV-positive Zambian women. Chalwe, V; Champo, D; Chilengi, R; Gill, CJ; Hamer, DH; Macleod, WB; Mukwamataba, D; Mwanakasale, V; Mwananyanda, L; Thea, DM, 2007)	0.64
" However, the optimal dosing regimen in settings in which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is highly prevalent among pregnant women remains controversial."	( Two-dose versus monthly intermittent preventive treatment of malaria with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in HIV-seropositive pregnant Zambian women. Chalwe, V; Champo, D; Chilengi, R; Gill, CJ; Hamer, DH; Macleod, WB; Mubikayi, L; Mukwamataba, D; Mulele, CK; Mulenga, M; Mwanakasale, V; Mwananyanda, L; Thea, DM, 2007)	0.57
"1%) were the three main molecules which account for antimalarial self-treatment However the use of these molecules was inappropriate regarding the dosage (41."	( [Self-medication in the treatment of acute malaria: study based on users of private health drug stores in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso]. Diarra, M; Guissou, IP; Ouédraogo, LT; Somé, IT, 2008)	0.35
"7% respectively for AQ and SP received a dosage higher than the theoretical dosage."	( Child age or weight: difficulties related to the prescription of the right dosage of antimalarial combinations to treat children in Senegal. Lalou, R; Le Hesran, JY; Senghor, P; Souares, A, 2010)	0.36
"7% agreement between self-reported data and blood drug dosage for amodiaquine treatment."	( Self-reported data: a major tool to assess compliance with anti-malarial combination therapy among children in Senegal. Carlotti, MP; Lalou, R; Le Hesran, JY; Moulin, P; Sarrassat, S; Souares, A, 2009)	0.35
" We determined the association between amodiaquine dosage by body weight and mild adverse events (AEs) and investigated whether alternative age-based regimens could improve dosing accuracy and tolerability, using data from two trials of IPTc in Senegal, one in which AQ dose was determined by age and the other in which it was determined by weight category."	( Amodiaquine dosage and tolerability for intermittent preventive treatment to prevent malaria in children. Ba, EH; Cairns, M; Cames, C; Cisse, B; Gaye, O; Greenwood, BM; Milligan, PJ; Simondon, K; Sokhna, C; Trape, JF, 2010)	0.36
" The use of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy was adopted when proof of its superiority to weekly prophylactic dosing with either chloroquine or pyrimethamine became evident from studies in different malaria endemic countries."	( Scaling up of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy using sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine: prospects and challenges. Agomo, CO; Oyibo, WA, 2011)	0.37
" We discuss optimal dosing for ABCs and their likely protection against several sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections."	( Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy: at the crossroads of public health policy. Chandramohan, D; Chico, RM, 2011)	0.37
" Because of concerns about the complex dosing schedule, we assessed patient adherence to AL 2 years after routine implementation."	( Adherence to treatment with artemether-lumefantrine for uncomplicated malaria in rural Malawi. Ali, D; Filler, SJ; Jafali, J; Kachur, SP; Luka, M; Mace, KE; Mathanga, DP; Mwandama, D; Sande, J; Skarbinski, J, 2011)	0.37
" There was significant association between gravidity and SP dosage taken (Pearson χ2 = 18."	( The effectiveness and perception of the use of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy programme in Offinso district of Ashanti region, Ghana. Browne, E; Lawson, B; Tutu, EO, 2011)	0.37
" The treatment of malaria in young children and the relative benefits of age- and weight-based dosing need further exploration."	( Monitoring antimalarial drug resistance in India via sentinel sites: outcomes and risk factors for treatment failure, 2009-2010. Anvikar, AR; Arora, U; Bhatt, RM; Das, MK; Dhariwal, AC; Ghosh, SK; Gupta, R; Kaitholia, K; Kumar, A; Mishra, N; Shah, NK; Sharma, SK; Singh, JP; Sonal, GS; Srivastava, B; Valecha, N, 2012)	0.38
" Many controversies were identified, including pharmacokinetic equivalence of novel dosage forms, altered pharmacokinetic parameters in children versus adults, effect of drug interactions, and association of pharmacokinetic changes with clinical outcomes."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of artemisinin derivatives and companion drugs used in artemisinin-based combination therapies for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children. Ensom, MH; Pawluk, SA; Wilby, KJ, 2013)	0.39
" While SP was well known and attitudes towards IPTp were positive, health workers were often not informed of up-to-date dosing schedules, limiting coverage."	( Systemic constraints continue to limit coverage of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy in southeast Tanzania. Ba-Break, MM; Graham, KJ, 2013)	0.39
"To maximize IPTp coverage, sufficient and consistent supplies of SP to both public and private health facilities are a necessity, combined with effective communication of revised dosing schedules."	( Systemic constraints continue to limit coverage of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy in southeast Tanzania. Ba-Break, MM; Graham, KJ, 2013)	0.39
" However, the optimal chemoprevention drug and dosing strategy is unclear in areas of year-round transmission and resistance to many antimalarial drugs."	( Protective efficacy and safety of three antimalarial regimens for the prevention of malaria in young Ugandan children: a randomized controlled trial. Achan, J; Aweeka, FT; Bigira, V; Clark, TD; Dorsey, G; Havlir, DV; Huang, L; Kamya, MR; Kapisi, J; Kinara, S; Muhindo, MK; Mwangwa, F; Osterbauer, B; Rosenthal, PJ, 2014)	0.4
" With this, one of the focuses of the pharmaceutical research scientist involves investigating possible metastable forms of a given drug to be incorporated into solid dosage forms."	( Amorphous Sulfadoxine: A Physical Stability and Crystallization Kinetics Study. Aucamp, M; Liebenberg, W; Milne, M, 2016)	0.84
"While clinically relevant differences in SP disposition between trimesters were not seen, increased clearance with pregnancy and the increasing volume of distribution in the central compartment with gestational age lend support to the revised World Health Organization guidelines advocating more frequent dosing of SP for IPTp."	( Trimester-Specific Population Pharmacokinetics and Other Correlates of Variability in Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine Disposition Among Ugandan Pregnant Women. Bisaso, KR; Byamugisha, J; Mukonzo, JK; Ntale, M; Obua, C; Odia, G; Odongo, CO; Ojara, FW, 2015)	0.42
"IPTp-SP usage among pregnant women in Sekondi-Takoradi reduces malaria and its use for malaria prevention should be strengthened with proper dosage completion and coverage."	( Prevalence of intermittent preventive treatment with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) use during pregnancy and other associated factors in Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana. Acquah, S; Afoakwah, R; Boampong, JN; Iriemenam, NC; Nwaefuna, E; Onyeabor, OS; Orish, VN; Sanyaolu, AO, 2015)	0.42
" We sought to determine whether increased dosage of SP is still associated with a reduced risk of low birth weight (LBW) in an area where malaria transmission is low."	( Dosage of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine and Risk of Low Birth Weight in a Cohort of Zambian Pregnant Women in a Low Malaria Prevalence Region. Chi, BH; Kumwenda, A; Smid, M; Stoner, MC; Stringer, E; Stringer, JS; Vwalika, B, 2017)	0.86
" Antimicrobial treatment-related side effects require close monitoring, and dosage changes or therapy adjustments may be necessary."	( First reported case of disseminated Nocardia kroppenstedtii sp nov. infection presenting with brain abscess and endocarditis in an immunocompromised patient with mantle cell lymphoma: challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Abdullah, HM; Al Mohajer, M; Majeed, A; Ullah, W, 2017)	0.46
" falciparum found in pregnant women and the general population (GP) from Nanoro, Burkina Faso and the association of IPTp-SP dosing and other variables with mutations was studied."	( Increase in the prevalence of mutations associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum isolates collected from early to late pregnancy in Nanoro, Burkina Faso. d'Alessandro, U; de Jong, MD; Derra, K; Geskus, RB; Lompo, P; Mens, PF; Ruizendaal, E; Schallig, HDFH; Scott, S; Tahita, MC; Tinto, H; Traore-Coulibaly, M; Versteeg, I, 2017)	0.7
" An increase in mutation prevalence due to IPTp-SP dosing could not be confirmed."	( Increase in the prevalence of mutations associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum isolates collected from early to late pregnancy in Nanoro, Burkina Faso. d'Alessandro, U; de Jong, MD; Derra, K; Geskus, RB; Lompo, P; Mens, PF; Ruizendaal, E; Schallig, HDFH; Scott, S; Tahita, MC; Tinto, H; Traore-Coulibaly, M; Versteeg, I, 2017)	0.7
" This may soon change to recommending artemisinin-based combination therapies (standard duration of dosing = 3 days)."	( Animal Embryotoxicity Studies of Key Non-Artemisinin Antimalarials and Use in Women in the First Trimester. Clark, RL, 2017)	0.46
"Despite extensive use and accumulated evidence of safety, there have been few pharmacokinetic studies from which appropriate chloroquine (CQ) dosing regimens could be developed specifically for pregnant women."	( Optimal antimalarial dose regimens for chloroquine in pregnancy based on population pharmacokinetic modelling. Baiwog, F; Davis, TME; Ilett, KF; Karunajeewa, HA; Kose, K; Mueller, I; Page-Sharp, M; Rogerson, SJ; Salman, S; Siba, PM, 2017)	0.46
" Suboptimal dosing in children may lead to treatment failure and increased resistance."	( Population Pharmacokinetic Properties of Sulfadoxine and Pyrimethamine: a Pooled Analysis To Inform Optimal Dosing in African Children with Uncomplicated Malaria. Allen, EN; Barnes, KI; Bell, DJ; de Kock, M; Denti, P; Djimde, AA; Tarning, J; Tekete, MM; Ward, SA; Workman, L, 2018)	0.75
" Future studies are needed to better understand the biological mechanisms of in utero drug exposure on drug metabolism and how this may affect the dosing of antimalarial drugs for treatment and prevention during infancy."	( Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy and risk of malaria in early childhood: A randomized controlled trial. Aweeka, F; Beeson, J; Charlebois, ED; Clark, TD; Dorsey, G; Drakeley, C; Feeney, ME; Greenhouse, B; Havlir, DV; Jagannathan, P; Kakuru, A; Kamya, MR; Muhindo, MK; Nakalembe, M; Nankya, F; Natureeba, P; Okiring, J; Olwoch, P; Opira, B; Prahl, M; Reiling, L; Rodriguez-Barraquer, I; Ssewanyana, I; Tetteh, K; Wallender, E, 2018)	0.48
" The adjusted dosing history for each individual was identified as the one with the lowest difference between observed and individual predicted concentrations estimated by the two PK models for all the possible adherence schemes."	( Adherence to intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in Papua New Guinean infants: A pharmacological study alongside the randomized controlled trial. Csajka, C; Décosterd, L; Genton, B; Guidi, M; Mueller, I; Schneider, M; Senn, N; Sottas, O; Thieffry, B, 2019)	0.51
" We did a random-effects meta-analysis (clinical studies) or multivariate log-binomial regression (surveys) to obtain summarised dose-response data (relative risk reduction [RRR]) and multivariate meta-regression to explore the modifying effects of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance (as indicated by Ala437Gly, Lys540Glu, and Ala581Gly substitutions in the dhps gene)."	( Effect of Plasmodium falciparum sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive therapy for malaria in pregnancy in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Desai, M; Gutman, J; Hopkins Sibley, C; Kayentao, K; Khairallah, C; Koshy, G; Larsen, DA; Meshnick, SR; Okell, LC; Rogerson, SJ; Roper, C; Slaughter, DEC; Taylor, SM; Ter Kuile, FO; van Eijk, AM, 2019)	0.98
" Interviews focused on perception of purpose of ANC pharmaceuticals (particularly iron supplements, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine as intermittent prevention of malaria and antiretroviral therapy for HIV), beliefs regarding efficacy and risk, and understanding of dosage and regimen."	( "They Merely Prescribe and I Merely Swallow": Perceptions of Antenatal Pharmaceuticals and Nutritional Supplements Among Pregnant Women in Bamako, Mali. Doumbia, SO; Hurley, EA; Searle, AR; Winch, PJ, 2020)	0.77
" Communication that positions pharmaceuticals as beneficial to mother and child, while presenting understandable information about purpose, dosing and potential side effects can promote uptake of multi-drug regimens and ANC services in general."	( "They Merely Prescribe and I Merely Swallow": Perceptions of Antenatal Pharmaceuticals and Nutritional Supplements Among Pregnant Women in Bamako, Mali. Doumbia, SO; Hurley, EA; Searle, AR; Winch, PJ, 2020)	0.56
" Also, three or more dosing was associated (p < 0."	( Coverage and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) on adverse pregnancy outcomes in the Mount Cameroon area, South West Cameroon. Achidi, EA; Anchang-Kimbi, JK; Apinjoh, TO; Dionne-Odom, J; Kalaji, LN; Mbacham, HF; Ngole Sumbele, IU; Tita, ATN; Wepnje, GB, 2020)	0.78
" Mediation analyses showed sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine conferred a greater non-malarial effect than did dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (mean difference 87 g, 95% CI 43 to 131), whereas dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine conferred a slightly larger antimalarial effect than did sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (8 g, -9 to 26), although more frequent dosing increased the antimalarial effect (31 g, 3 to 60)."	( Overall, anti-malarial, and non-malarial effect of intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine on birthweight: a mediation analysis. Chico, RM; Desai, M; Dorsey, G; Glymour, MM; Gosling, R; Gutman, J; Kajubi, R; Kakuru, A; Kamya, MR; Kuile, FOT; L'Ianziva, A; Rerolle, F; Roh, ME; Shiboski, S, 2020)	1.07
"Hormesis is a biphasic dose-response relationship featured by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition."	( Investigations on the influence of energy source on time-dependent hormesis: A case study of sulfadoxine to Aliivibrio fischeri in different cultivation systems. Cheng, Y; Gao, Q; Li, XG; Lin, Z; Ren, L; Sun, H; Wang, J, 2021)	0.84
" Additionally, these models are able to identify patient characteristics that cause alterations in the expected PK/PD profiles and through simulations can recommend changes to dosing which compensate for the differences."	( Malaria PK/PD and the Role Pharmacometrics Can Play in the Global Health Arena: Malaria Treatment Regimens for Vulnerable Populations. Hughes, E; Jagannathan, P; Mohamed Ali, A; Savic, RM; Wallender, E, 2021)	0.62
" We assessed the different SP dosage regimen available under the new policy to determine the dose at which women obtained optimal protection against anaemia during pregnancy."	( Intermittent preventive treatment comparing two versus three doses of sulphadoxine pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) in the prevention of anaemia in pregnancy in Ghana: A cross-sectional study. Agyeman, YN; Annor, RB; Newton, S; Owusu-Dabo, E, 2021)	0.62
" This study shows that a successful implementation of the IPTp strategy can be achieved by improving access to prenatal care at community health facilities, and strengthening patient-provider communication to ensure adequate knowledge on dosing of IPTp-SP and the benefits to mother and child."	( Determinants of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in pregnant women (IPTp-SP) in Mali, a household survey. Beebe, M; Doumbia, S; Sangho, O; Tounkara, M; Whiting-Collins, LJ; Winch, PJ, 2021)	0.87
" A dose-response association was observed with increasing doses of SP from the second trimester linked to increasing protection against LBW deliveries."	( Impact of Intermittent Presumptive Treatment for Malaria in Pregnancy on Hospital Birth Outcomes on the Kenyan Coast. Amadi, D; Bejon, P; Berkley, JA; Kamau, A; Musau, M; Mwakio, S; Nyaguara, A; Seale, AC; Snow, RW, 2023)	0.91

Role	Description
antibacterial drug	A drug used to treat or prevent bacterial infections.
antimalarial	A drug used in the treatment of malaria. Antimalarials are usually classified on the basis of their action against Plasmodia at different stages in their life cycle in the human.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
sulfonamide	An amide of a sulfonic acid RS(=O)2NR'2.
pyrimidines	Any compound having a pyrimidine as part of its structure.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	Bacillus subtilis	Potency	39.8107	0.1413	37.9142	100.0000	AID1490
Fumarate hydratase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	37.2212	0.0030	8.7949	48.0869	AID1347053
polyprotein	Zika virus	Potency	37.2212	0.0030	8.7949	48.0869	AID1347053
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	3.5481	0.1585	5.2879	12.5893	AID540303
plasminogen precursor	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	3.5481	0.1585	5.2879	12.5893	AID540303
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	3.5481	0.1585	5.2879	12.5893	AID540303
geminin	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.6228	0.0046	11.3741	33.4983	AID624297
Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	8.4127	0.0023	19.5956	74.0614	AID651631
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	1,000.0000	0.1100	7.1903	10.0000	AID1449628
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
fatty acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid biosynthetic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stress	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to organic cyclic compound	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitination	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid signaling pathway	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cholesterol homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estrogen	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ethanol	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic export from cell	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
lipid homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid homeostasis	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bile acid secretion	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bile acid metabolic process	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
autophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replication	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespan	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substance	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-ray	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
viral process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibiotic	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behavior	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell death	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-C	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin D	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processing	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
protein binding	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
p53 binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
basolateral plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
endosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculus	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular canaliculus	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Bile salt export pump	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replication fork	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
centrosome	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
PML body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand break	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID1894308	Inhibition of Beta-hematin assessed as bis-pyridyl-Fe(III)PPIX complex formation incubated for 5 hrs by NP40 detergent-mediated colorimetric assay	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-11, Volume: 64, Issue:5	Novel Antimalarial Tetrazoles and Amides Active against the Hemoglobin Degradation Pathway in
AID678713	Inhibition of human CYP2C9 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 7-methoxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin-3-acetic acid as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID588213	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in non-rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID496819	Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium falciparum	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Mar-15, Volume: 18, Issue:6	Multi-target spectral moment QSAR versus ANN for antiparasitic drugs against different parasite species.
AID345873	Therapeutic index, ratio of IC50 for mice (Mus musculus) J774.G8 cells to IC50 for chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum W2	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-26, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Targeting the fatty acid biosynthesis enzyme, beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (PfKASIII), in the identification of novel antimalarial agents.
AID670244	Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra ATCC 25177 by microbroth dilution method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 20, Issue:13	Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of some phthalimide derivatives.
AID678715	Inhibition of human CYP2D6 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 4-methylaminoethyl-7-methoxycoumarin as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID322126	In vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum D6 after 72 hrs in SYBR green fluorescence assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening.
AID588211	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in humans	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID322127	In vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum W2 after 72 hrs in SYBR green fluorescence assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening.
AID1505184	Antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum NF54 by lactate dehydrogenase assay	2018	Journal of natural products, 01-26, Volume: 81, Issue:1	Synthesis and Bioactivity of Reduced Chalcones Containing Sulfonamide Side Chains.
AID1688331	Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium vivax infected in human blood incubated for 40 to 44 hrs	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 188	Current progress in antimalarial pharmacotherapy and multi-target drug discovery.
AID1238801	Selectivity index, ratio of MLC50 for African green monkey BGM cells to IC50 for chloroquine and sulfadoxine-resistant and mefloquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum W2	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17	Anti-Plasmodium falciparum activity of quinoline-sulfonamide hybrids.
AID489479	Antimalarial activity Plasmodium falciparum 3D7	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 20, Issue:14	Discovery of novel 1H-imidazol-2-yl-pyrimidine-4,6-diamines as potential antimalarials.
AID322129	In vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum W2 after 72 hrs by SYBR green fluorescence assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening.
AID322131	In vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum W2 after 72 hrs in SYBR green fluorescence assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening.
AID1851375	Antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 assessed as inhibition of parasite proliferation in presence of 2.2 to 220 uM folic acid by SYBR-based fluorescence assay	2022	RSC medicinal chemistry, Jul-20, Volume: 13, Issue:7	Thiamine analogues as inhibitors of pyruvate dehydrogenase and discovery of a thiamine analogue with non-thiamine related antiplasmodial activity.
AID322133	In vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum W2 after 72 hrs in SYBR green fluorescence assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening.
AID345870	Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum D6 by [3H]hypoxanthine uptake	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-26, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Targeting the fatty acid biosynthesis enzyme, beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (PfKASIII), in the identification of novel antimalarial agents.
AID599144	Intrinsic solubility, log 1/S0 of the compound	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 43, Issue:3	Computational aqueous solubility prediction for drug-like compounds in congeneric series.
AID588220	Literature-mined public compounds from Kruhlak et al phospholipidosis modelling dataset	2008	Toxicology mechanisms and methods, , Volume: 18, Issue:2-3	Development of a phospholipidosis database and predictive quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models.
AID1312225	Antimalarial activity against chloroquine/sulfadoxine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum W2 infected in human A+ erythrocytes assessed as reduction in parasite growth after 72 hrs by HRP2 detection based ELISA	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 24, Issue:18	Design, synthesis and anti-P. falciparum activity of pyrazolopyridine-sulfonamide derivatives.
AID772516	Antimalarial activity against mature gametocytic stage of Plasmodium falciparum assessed as inhibition of mature gamete exflagellation at 10 uM incubated for 24 hrs prior to exflagellation induction at 21 degC measured after 20 mins by microscopic analysi	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-24, Volume: 56, Issue:20	Using genetic methods to define the targets of compounds with antimalarial activity.
AID678719	Metabolic stability in human liver microsomes assessed as medium signal/noise ratio (S/N of 10 to 100) by measuring GSH adduct formation at 100 uM after 90 mins by HPLC-MS analysis	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID678712	Inhibition of human CYP1A2 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using ethoxyresorufin as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID322134	Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum D6 as reduced [3H]hypoxanthine uptake after 72 hrs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening.
AID1312226	Selectivity index, ratio of MLD50 for african green monkey BGM cells to IC50 for chloroquine/sulfadoxine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum W2	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 24, Issue:18	Design, synthesis and anti-P. falciparum activity of pyrazolopyridine-sulfonamide derivatives.
AID322132	In vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum D6 after 72 hrs in SYBR green fluorescence assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening.
AID678716	Inhibition of human CYP3A4 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using diethoxyfluorescein as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID322135	Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum W2 as reduced [3H]hypoxanthine uptake after 72 hrs	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening.
AID345868	Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum KAS3 expressed in Escherichia coli assessed as transfer of [1-14C]acetyl-CoA to [1-14C]acetyl-ACP	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-26, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Targeting the fatty acid biosynthesis enzyme, beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (PfKASIII), in the identification of novel antimalarial agents.
AID678714	Inhibition of human CYP2C19 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 3-butyryl-7-methoxycoumarin as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID1238799	Antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine and sulfadoxine-resistant and mefloquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum W2 infected in human erythrocytes by anti-HRP2 assay	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17	Anti-Plasmodium falciparum activity of quinoline-sulfonamide hybrids.
AID1238798	Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected in mouse assessed as inhibition of inhibition of parasitemia at 1 mg/kg, po treated for 3 consecutive days 24 hrs after parasite infection and measured on day 7 after inoculation by Giemsa s	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17	Anti-Plasmodium falciparum activity of quinoline-sulfonamide hybrids.
AID678722	Covalent binding affinity to human liver microsomes assessed per mg of protein at 10 uM after 60 mins presence of NADPH	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID322128	In vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum D6 after 72 hrs by SYBR green fluorescence assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening.
AID588212	Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in rodents	2010	Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1	Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID1312224	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey BGM cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 09-15, Volume: 24, Issue:18	Design, synthesis and anti-P. falciparum activity of pyrazolopyridine-sulfonamide derivatives.
AID345872	Cytotoxicity against mouse J774.G8 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-26, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Targeting the fatty acid biosynthesis enzyme, beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (PfKASIII), in the identification of novel antimalarial agents.
AID1238800	Cytotoxicity against African green monkey BGM cells incubated for 18 hrs by neutral red assay	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17	Anti-Plasmodium falciparum activity of quinoline-sulfonamide hybrids.
AID1238795	Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected in mouse assessed as inhibition of inhibition of parasitemia at 1 mg/kg, po treated for 3 consecutive days 24 hrs after parasite infection and measured on day 5 after inoculation by Giemsa s	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 23, Issue:17	Anti-Plasmodium falciparum activity of quinoline-sulfonamide hybrids.
AID345869	Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum W2 by [3H]hypoxanthine uptake	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-26, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Targeting the fatty acid biosynthesis enzyme, beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (PfKASIII), in the identification of novel antimalarial agents.
AID678717	Inhibition of human CYP3A4 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 7-benzyloxyquinoline as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID1449628	Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in baculovirus transfected fall armyworm Sf21 cell membranes vesicles assessed as reduction in ATP-dependent [3H]-taurocholate transport into vesicles incubated for 5 mins by Topcount based rapid filtration method	2012	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Dec, Volume: 40, Issue:12	Mitigating the inhibition of human bile salt export pump by drugs: opportunities provided by physicochemical property modulation, in silico modeling, and structural modification.
AID322130	In vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum D6 after 72 hrs in SYBR green fluorescence assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening.
AID599143	Lipophilicity, log P of the compound	2008	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 43, Issue:3	Computational aqueous solubility prediction for drug-like compounds in congeneric series.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID504812	Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID504810	Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID504749	qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation	2011	Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043	Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347425	Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347407	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347424	RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID540299	A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21	Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID588519	A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities	2011	Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3	High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors.
AID1347411	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Mechanism Interrogation Plate v5.0 (MIPE) Libary	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1159607	Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction	2016	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	425 (19.09)	18.7374
1990's	257 (11.55)	18.2507
2000's	720 (32.35)	29.6817
2010's	640 (28.75)	24.3611
2020's	184 (8.27)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	586 (24.24%)	5.53%
Reviews	146 (6.04%)	6.00%
Case Studies	171 (7.07%)	4.05%
Observational	12 (0.50%)	0.25%
Other	1,502 (62.14%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (135)

Trial Overview

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Pharmacokinetics of Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine Plus Amodiaquine When Used for Malaria Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Children [NCT01328990]	Phase 1/Phase 2	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-04-30	Completed
Intermittent Preventive Treatment With Azithromycin-containing Regimens for the Prevention of Malarial Infections and Anaemia and the Control of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Pregnant Women in Papua New Guinea [NCT01136850]	Phase 3	2,793 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-11-30	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Artesunate+Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in Malaria Control Centers in Nangarhar, Kunar, Thakhar and Faryab Provinces of Afghanistan [NCT01115439]		100 participants (Actual)	Observational	2010-03-31	Completed
A Comparative Study of Azithromycin and Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine as Prophylaxis Against Malaria in Pregnant HIV Positive Patients [NCT02527005]	Phase 1	140 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Safety and Tolerability of Bi-monthly Intermittent Preventive Treatment With Mefloquine-Artesunate or Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Plus Amodiaquine for Prevention of Malaria and Related Complications in Patients With Sickle Cell Anaemia. [NCT01319448]	Phase 1/Phase 2	270 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-09-30	Completed
Prevention of Malaria in HIV-uninfected Pregnant Women and Infants [NCT02793622]	Phase 3	782 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Completed
A Four-arm Trial Comparing Artemether-lumefantrine With or Without Single-dose Primaquine and Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine/Amodiaquine With or Without Single-dose Tafenoquine to Reduce P. Falciparum Transmission in Mali [NCT05081089]	Phase 2	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-10-12	Completed
A Comparative Study of Mefloquine and Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine as Prophylaxis Against Malaria in Pregnant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients [NCT02524444]	Phase 1	142 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Effects of Metronidazole Plus Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy on Birth Outcomes: a Randomised Controlled Trial in Zambia [NCT04189744]	Phase 3	5,436 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-12-15	Completed
A Trial of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention Plus Azithromycin in African Children [NCT02211729]	Phase 3	22,090 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Completed
Clinical Trial to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Sulfadoxine/Pyrimethamine-Amodiaquine and Dihydroartemsinin-Piperaquine Plus Ivermectin Administered Monthly as Intermittent Preventive Treatment in School-aged Children in Burkina Faso [NCT05946642]	Phase 3	13,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-15	Recruiting
MULTIple Doses of IPTi Proposal: a Lifesaving High Yield Intervention [NCT05085340]		45,000 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2022-02-14	Recruiting
Optimal Chemopreventive Regimens to Prevent Malaria and Improve Birth Outcomes in Uganda [NCT04336189]	Phase 3	2,757 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-12-28	Recruiting
Safety and Feasibility of a Malaria Transmission Model in Semi-immune Kenyan Adults Using Plasmodium Falciparum Sporozoites [NCT04280692]	Phase 1/Phase 2	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-08-22	Active, not recruiting
Lungwena Antenatal Intervention Study. A Single-centre Intervention Trial in Rural Malawi, Testing Maternal and Infant Health Effects of Presumptive Intermittent Treatment of Pregnant Women With Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and Azithromycin [NCT00131235]	Phase 3	1,320 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-12-31	Active, not recruiting
Randomized Controlled Trial of Azithromycin (AZ) and Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for Prophylaxis Against Malaria in Pregnancy (IPT) [NCT03944317]		168 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-06-01	Not yet recruiting
Egg to Ameliorate Environmental Enteric Dysfunction and Improve Growth in Children With Moderate Acute Malnutrition [NCT06002438]		400 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-10-09	Recruiting
Assessment of the Efficacy of Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy in Uganda [NCT01184911]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-10-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Research plan changed; no longer conducting clinical trial.)
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Monthly Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine Versus Monthly Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine Versus Daily Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole Versus No Therapy for the Prevention of Malaria [NCT00948896]	Phase 3	600 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Completed
Effectiveness of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Koulikoro, Mali [NCT04149106]	Phase 3	4,556 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-07-01	Active, not recruiting
'Controlled Human Malaria Infection Study to Assess Gametocytaemia and Mosquito Transmissibility in Participants Challenged With Plasmodium Falciparum by Sporozoite Challenge to Establish a Model for the Evaluation of Transmission-blocking Interventions' [NCT02836002]	Phase 1/Phase 2	29 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Completed
Evaluation of the Safety and Effectiveness of EPI-linked Malaria Intermittent Chemotherapy and Iron Supplementation [NCT00857077]		2,485 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2000-09-30	Completed
Clinical Trial to Evaluate Intermittent Screening and Treatment and Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Asymptomatic Schoolchildren to Decrease P. Falciparum Infection and Transmission: Phase 2 Comparing Drug Regimens [NCT05980156]	Phase 4	646 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-02-13	Completed
Randomized Control Trial of the Use of Supplementary Food and Measures to Control Inflammation in Malnourished Pregnant Women to Improve Birth Outcomes [NCT03079388]		1,489 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-27	Completed
Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Mefloquine as Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy [NCT00811421]		5,820 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Completed
Impact Evaluation of Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Infants Plus (IPTi+) in Cameroon: The Plus Project [NCT05889052]		2,080 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2023-07-19	Recruiting
Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy With Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine Plus Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine to Prevent Malaria Infection and Reduce Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Papua New Guinea - a Randomised Controlled Trial [NCT05426434]	Phase 3	1,172 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-08-31	Recruiting
IPT in Schoolchildren: Comparison of the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Antimalarial Regimens in Uganda [NCT00852371]	Phase 3	760 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Completed
Impact Evaluation of Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Infants Plus (IPTi+) in Côte d'Ivoire: The Plus Project [NCT05856357]		1,568 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2023-08-11	Recruiting
Intermittent Preventive Treatment With Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Versus Weekly Chloroquine Prophylaxis During Pregnancy in Solomon Islands: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT00964691]	Phase 4	2,504 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-08-31	Terminated(stopped due to Low prevalence of malaria, high prevalence of reported allergy to sulphur drugs, high proportion of women not meeting the inclusion criterea.)
A Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetic and Efficacy Study of Azithromycin Plus Piperaquine as Presumptive Treatment in Pregnant Papua New Guinean Women [NCT02575755]	Phase 4	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-10-31	Recruiting
The Role of Daily Co-trimoxazole Prophylaxis For Prevention of Malaria And Its Effects in Pregnancy [NCT00711906]	Phase 3	352 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-02-28	Terminated(stopped due to Malaria prev. fell in the study area, so we cannot evaluate the primary endpoint)
A Phase 3, Open Label, Randomized, Comparative Study To Evaluate Azithromycin Plus Chloroquine And Sulfadoxine Plus Pyrimethamine Combinations For Intermittent Preventive Treatment Of Falciparum Malaria Infection In Pregnant Women In Africa [NCT01103063]	Phase 3	2,891 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-10-31	Terminated(stopped due to See termination reason in detailed description.)
Validation of the Use of Istope-Based Molecular Techniques for Malaria Control [NCT00646126]	Phase 3	0 participants	Interventional	2005-08-31	Completed
Presumptive Treatment With Sulfadoxine- Pyrimethamine Versus Weekly Chloroquine for Malaria Prophylaxis in Children With Sickle Cell Anemia [NCT00399074]	Phase 3	220 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2006-10-31	Completed
[NCT00766662]		0 participants	Interventional	2006-10-31	Completed
Pseudo-randomised, Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Trial of Chloroquine or Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine Alone or in Combination With Primaquine or Artesunate for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria in Pakistan [NCT00959517]	Phase 2	588 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2001-07-31	Completed
Short Course of Quinine Plus a Single Dose of Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine for Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria [NCT00167739]	Phase 4	50 participants	Interventional	2003-04-30	Completed
Efficacy of Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and Amodiaquine Alone or in Combination as Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy in the Kassena-Nankana District of Ghana: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT00146783]	Phase 2/Phase 3	3,642 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-06-30	Completed
Community Effectiveness of Intermittent Preventive Treatment Delivered Through the Expanded Programme of Immunisation for Malaria and Anaemia Control in Tanzanian Infants [NCT00152204]	Phase 3	13,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2005-03-31	Active, not recruiting
To Evaluate the Efficacy of Chloroquine and SP for Acute Uncomplicated P. Falciparum and the Efficacy of Chloroquine for Acute Uncomplicated P. Vivax in the Timika Region of Papua, Indonesia. [NCT00157859]		150 participants	Interventional	2004-04-30	Completed
An Open-label Three Arm Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Chlorproguanil / Dapsone (Lapdap) Compared With Chloroquine and Sulfadoxine / Pyrimethamine for the Treatment of Vivax Malaria in Pakistan and Afghanistan [NCT00158561]	Phase 3	750 participants	Interventional	2004-02-29	Completed
An Open Study for a 2-year Period to Confirm the Safety and Immunogenicity of the Candidate Malaria Vaccine RTS,S/AS02A in Mozambican Children Aged 1 to 4 Years at the Time of First Vaccine Dose. [NCT00323622]	Phase 2	1,737 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-04-30	Completed
Chloroquine and Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Efficacy for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria in Blantyre, Malawi [NCT00125489]	Phase 4	210 participants	Interventional	2005-05-31	Completed
Intermittent Treatment With Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for Malaria Control in Infant: a Randomized, Double-blind, and Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial [NCT00206739]	Phase 4	1,070 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-01-31	Completed
Open Label Study to Evaluate Combination Anti-malarial Therapy,in Terms of Efficacy, Prevalence of Gametocyte Carriage and Molecular Markers Associated With Sulfadoxine Pyrimethamine Resistance in Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum [NCT00203801]		700 participants	Interventional	2002-01-31	Completed
Evaluation of the Public Health Impact and Cost Effectiveness of Seasonal Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Children in Senegal [NCT00712374]	Phase 4	100,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Enrolling by invitation
New Approaches to Improve Coverage and Compliance of Antimalarial Treatment for Pregnant Women in Rural Africa. [NCT00730366]	Phase 3	2,766 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-03-31	Completed
Acceptability and Feasibility of IPTp With Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine With or Without Azithromycin to Prevent Malaria, Sexually Transmitted and Reproductive Tract Infections in HIV-uninfected Pregnant Women (IMPROVE) in Kenya. [NCT04160026]	Phase 4	1,600 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-11-11	Completed
Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics of Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine-amodiaquine (SP-AQ), SP-AQ Plus Primaquine, Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP), DP Plus Methylene Blue for Preventing Transmission of P. Falciparum Gametocytes in Mali [NCT02831023]	Phase 2	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-07-31	Completed
Anti-malarial Drug Resistance in Cameroon: Therapeutic Efficacy and Biological Markers of Resistance [NCT00146718]	Phase 2/Phase 3	755 participants	Interventional	2003-08-31	Completed
Efficacy of Intermittent Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine and Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine + Artesunate Treatment in the Prevention of Malaria in Pregnancy in an Area With Chloroquine-Resistant Plasmodium Falciparum [NCT00164255]	Phase 4	1,614 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-01-31	Completed
A Longitudinal Study Assessing the Infectious Status and Immunity of Mothers and Their Children in Lambaréné, Including Intermittent Treatment of Children With Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for Malaria Control and Its Impact on Long-term Health [NCT00167843]	Phase 4	1,189 participants	Interventional	2002-12-31	Completed
Open Label Drug Study (With Single and Parallel Group Components) to Evaluate Combination Antimalarial Therapy for Efficacy, Gametocyte Carriage and Molecular Markers Associated With SP Resistance in Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Infections [NCT00203736]		240 participants	Interventional	2003-01-31	Completed
Chemoprophylaxis With Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine to Prevent Recurrence of Severe Anaemia in Gambian Children Aged 3 Months to 9 Years [NCT00131716]	Phase 3	1,200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-05-31	Completed
Open-Label, Randomised, Parallel Group in Vivo Drug Study to Evaluate Combination Anti-Malarial Therapy (CAT), Artesunate and Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Versus Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Alone, in Terms of Therapeutic Efficacy, Prevalence of Gametocyte Carr [NCT00203814]		280 participants	Interventional	2004-01-31	Completed
Effect of Single-course Malaria Chemoprevention on Clearance of and Protection From Plasmodium Falciparum Infection in the Presence of Resistance-associated Genotypes in Zambia [NCT06166498]	Phase 3	600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-02-15	Not yet recruiting
Drug Options for Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria in Infants in an Area With High Resistance to Sulfadoxine/Pyrimethamine: an Evaluation of Short and Long-acting Antimalarial Drugs [NCT00158574]	Phase 2/Phase 3	2,419 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-01-31	Completed
Effect of Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPTp) With Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Plus Insecticide Treated Nets, Delivered Through Antenatal Clinics for the Prevention of Malaria in Mozambican Pregnant Women [NCT00209781]		1,028 participants	Interventional	2003-08-31	Active, not recruiting
Evaluation of a Malaria Transmission Target Strategy Based on the Periodic Treatment With Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine vs. Early Case Management [NCT00623155]		262 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-07-31	Completed
Randomized Trial of Effectiveness and Acceptability of Three Alternative Regimens for Malaria Seasonal Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Senegal [NCT00529620]	Phase 3	1,833 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-09-30	Completed
An Open Randomised Trial of the Efficacy of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (SP), Amodiaquine + SP (AQ-SP), AQ + Artesunate (AQ-Art), Chlorproguanil-Dapsone + Art (CD-Art), and Lumefantrine-Artemether (LA) for Uncomplicated Malaria in Malawi [NCT00164710]	Phase 4	365 participants	Interventional	2005-04-30	Completed
Cardiac Safety of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine Amongst Pregnant Women in Tanzania [NCT02909712]	Phase 2	201 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-30	Completed
Preventing Anemia in Children (6months-30months) in a Malaria Endemic Rural Area in Ghana - A Randomized Double Blind Study [NCT00301054]		872 participants	Interventional	2005-06-30	Completed
Longitudinal Comparison of Combination Antimalarial Therapies in Ugandan Children: Evaluation of Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy [NCT00123552]	Phase 3	601 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-11-30	Completed
An Open-label in Vivo Drug Study to Evaluate Artesunate Plus Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (ASSP) Pharmacokinetics, Therapeutic Efficacy, Gametocyte Carriage and Birth Outcomes in Pregnant Women With Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria [NCT00331708]		3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to Lack of suitable participants)
Intermittent Preventive Treatment With Sulfadoxine/Pyrimethamine During Pregnancy Among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women: 2-Dose Versus Monthly - Malawi [NCT00126906]		700 participants	Interventional	2002-10-31	Completed
Characterization of Novel Molecular Tools for the Epidemiological Surveillance of Antimalarial Drug Resistance in Mali [NCT00127998]		1,011 participants	Interventional	2005-07-31	Completed
The Effectiveness, Cost and Cost Effectiveness of Intermittent Preventive Treatment or Screening and Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy Among Women Using Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Bed Net: a Randomised Controlled Trial. [NCT00432367]	Phase 3	3,333 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-02-28	Completed
A Randomised Double Blind Clinical Trial of Amodiaquine (AQ) and Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) Used Singly and in Combination (AQ+SP) Compared With Chloroquine (CQ) in the Treatment of Falciparum Malaria Infection in Pregnancy [NCT00131703]	Phase 3	900 participants	Interventional	2003-03-31	Completed
A Double-blind, Randomised, Placebo-controlled Trial to Measure the Potential of Intermittent Treatment With Artesunate Plus Sulphadoxine/Pyrimethamine (SP) to Reduce the Malaria Burden in Sub-Saharan Africa [NCT00132561]	Phase 2/Phase 3	1,200 participants	Interventional	2002-06-30	Completed
The Efficacy of Re-treatment With Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in Children With Recrudescent Malaria in Guinea-Bissau [NCT00137553]	Phase 4	60 participants	Interventional	2001-05-31	Completed
Efficacy of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine in the Treatment of Symptomatic, Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Among 6-59 Month Old Children in Lambaréné [NCT00453856]	Phase 4	139 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2007-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to The study was terminated because of Early Treatment Failure in child.The justification for this decision are concerns about safety of children.)
Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Versus Artemether-Lumefantrine Versus Amodiaquine-Artesunate Coformulation in Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria : an Open Randomized Study [NCT00460369]		240 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-04-30	Completed
A Study Of Impact Of Intermittent Preventive Treatment In Children With Amodiaquine Plus Artesunate Versus Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine On Hemoglobin Levels And Malaria Morbidity In Hohoe District Of Ghana [NCT00119132]	Phase 2/Phase 3	2,602 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-06-30	Completed
A Randomised, Placebo Controlled Trial of Intermittent Preventative Treatment With Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in Gambian Multigravidae. [NCT00120809]	Phase 3	3,000 participants	Interventional	2002-07-31	Completed
A Randomised Non-Inferiority Trial of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Plus Artesunate Compared to Chloroquine for the Treatment of Vivax Malaria in Eastern Afghanistan. [NCT00486694]	Phase 2	190 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-03-31	Completed
Assessing and Monitoring the Efficacy of Sulfadoxine/ Pyrimethamine (SP) and the Combination of SP Plus Artesunate for Uncomplicated Malaria Infections Among Children [NCT00140361]	Phase 4	390 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2000-01-31	Completed
Relationships Between the Use of Antimalarial Drugs in Pregnancy and Plasmodium Falciparum Resistance [NCT00140517]		700 participants	Interventional	2002-10-31	Completed
A Randomised Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Four Drug Regimens When Used for Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Senegalese Children [NCT00132548]	Phase 3	2,200 participants	Interventional	2004-06-30	Completed
Evaluating the Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness of Integrating Mass Drug Administration for Helminth Control With Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Ghanaian Children [NCT06182176]		1,200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-05-27	Not yet recruiting
Effectiveness of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Nampula Province, Mozambique: Evaluated Using a Type Two Hybrid Implementation Science Observational Study [NCT05186363]	Phase 4	3,156 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-01-08	Active, not recruiting
Randomized Trial of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Plus Artesunate (SP+AS) Versus SP+AS Plus Primaquine for Clearance of Low Density P. Falciparum Infection in Eastern Sudan [NCT00330902]	Phase 3	104 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-01-31	Completed
Assessment of the Public Health Benefit of Artemisinine Based Combination Therapies for Uncomplicated Malaria Treatment in Mali [NCT00452907]	Phase 4	780 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-07-31	Completed
Mass-Drug Administration With a Gametocytocidal Drug Combination, a Model for a Transmission Blocking Vaccine [NCT00509015]		6,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Pediatric Immunization-linked Preventive Intermittent Treatment With Antimalarials in Decreasing Anemia and Malaria Morbidity in Rural Western Kenya [NCT00111163]		1,516 participants	Interventional	2004-03-31	Completed
A New Approach to Deliver Malaria Preventions to Pregnant Women at a Community Level in Uganda [NCT00118027]		2,150 participants	Interventional	2003-05-31	Completed
Randomized Trial of the Effectiveness of Amodiaquine-Artesunate, Amodiaquine-Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine, and Chloroquine-Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine, for Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria in Gambian Children [NCT00118807]	Phase 3	1,800 participants	Interventional	2003-08-31	Completed
Pilot Study of Pyrimethamine and Sulfadoxine (Fansidar) for the Treatment of Individuals With the Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS) [NCT00013689]	Phase 1	8 participants	Interventional	2001-03-31	Completed
The Efficacy and Cost-effectiveness of Malaria Prevention in Pregnancy in an Area of Low and Unstable Transmission in Kabale, Uganda: Use of Intermittent Preventive Treatment and Insecticide-treated Nets. [NCT00142207]	Phase 3	4,775 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-01-31	Completed
The in-Vivo Response of P. Falciparum to Antimalarial Treatment in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Individuals-a 28 Day Efficacy Trial Involving HIV+ and HIV- Adults. [NCT00144352]	Phase 4	540 participants	Interventional	2002-09-30	Completed
The Effect of Folic Acid Supplementation on Efficacy of Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in Pregnant Women in Western Kenya [NCT00130065]	Phase 4	600 participants	Interventional	2003-11-30	Completed
IPTp With Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and Azithromycin for Malaria, Sexually Transmitted and Reproductive Tract Infections in Pregnancy in High Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine Resistance Areas in Kenya, Malawi and Tanzania [NCT03208179]	Phase 3	4,680 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-29	Completed
The Impact of Intermittent Malaria Treatment Administered Through the EPI Scheme on Malaria Morbidity in Mozambican Children [NCT00209794]	Phase 1/Phase 2	1,498 participants	Interventional	2002-09-30	Active, not recruiting
A Phase II/III, Randomized, Comparative Trial of Azithromycin Plus Chloroquine Versus Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Plus Chloroquine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in India [NCT00074841]	Phase 2/Phase 3	230 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-09-30	Completed
Influence of HIV Infection on the Effectiveness of Malaria Prevention During Pregnancy, With Emphasis on the Effect of Chloroquine on HIV Viral Load Among Pregnant Women in Uganda [NCT00132535]		2,548 participants	Interventional	2003-08-31	Completed
A Phase 2/3, Randomized, Comparative, Double Blind Trial Of Azithromycin Plus Chloroquine Versus Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Plus Chloroquine For The Treatment Of Uncomplicated, Symptomatic Falciparum Malaria In Southeast Asia [NCT00084240]	Phase 2/Phase 3	32 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to See Detailed Description)
Preventing Malaria in School Children to Protect the Whole Community in Rural Blantyre District, Malawi [NCT06083688]	Phase 4	1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-10-31	Not yet recruiting
Efficacy of Chloroquine + Sulfadoxine Pyrimethamine Versus Artemether + Lumefantrine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in the Philippines [NCT00229775]		560 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-07-31	Completed
Age of Exposure and Immunity to Malaria in Infants [NCT00231452]		349 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-09-30	Completed
Community Acceptability and Cost-effectiveness of Two Drug Distribution Methods for Home Based Management of Fevr in Kayunga District, Uganda [NCT00259142]		1,314 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2005-11-30	Terminated(stopped due to Study never started)
SP Resistance Markers and Falciparum Malaria Transmission [NCT00299247]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Withdrawn
Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria With Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine in HIV-Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Pregnant Women in Zambia [NCT00270530]	Phase 4	454 participants	Interventional	2002-11-30	Completed
Intermittent Preventive Treatment During Pregnancy in Benin: a Randomized, Open, and Equivalent Trial Comparing Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine With Mefloquine [NCT00274235]	Phase 3	1,600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2005-07-31	Completed
Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPTi) for the Prevention of Malaria and Anaemia in PNG Infants [NCT00285662]		1,100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2006-06-30	Completed
A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Azithromycin or Artesunate Added to Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine as Therapy for Malaria in Pregnancy [NCT00287300]		141 participants	Interventional	2003-09-30	Completed
Effect of Antimalarial Treatment on Gametocyte Carriage in Asymptomatic P. Falciparum: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT00289250]	Phase 3	360 participants	Interventional	2001-05-31	Completed
Comparative Evaluation of the Safety and the Efficacy of Artemether + Lumefantrine (Coartem™) vs. Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine (SP) in Both HIV+ and HIV- Adults With Uncomplicated P. Falciparum Malaria in Zambia [NCT00304980]		3,000 participants	Interventional	2003-03-31	Terminated
An Evaluation of Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine Resistance and Effectiveness of IPTp in Nigeria [NCT01636895]	Phase 4	600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2011-01-31	Recruiting
An Individually Randomised Trial of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention Versus a Long-acting Artemisinin Combination Therapy for the Prevention of Malaria and Anaemia in Children Living in an Area of Extended Seasonal Transmission in Ghana. [NCT01651416]	Phase 4	2,400 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Artesunate+Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in Malaria Control Center Asadabad in Kunar Province of Afghanistan [NCT01707199]		83 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-10-31	Completed
A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of Chloroquine as Chemoprophylaxis Versus Intermittent Preventive Therapy to Prevent Malaria in Pregnancy in Malawi [NCT01443130]	Phase 3	900 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-02-29	Completed
Comparative Study of Efficacy of Two Antifolates Prophylactic Strategies Against Malaria in HIV Positive Pregnant Women (MACOMBA Study) [NCT01746199]	Phase 3	193 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-12-31	Completed
Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Burkina Faso : Chemoprevention Efficacy Study [NCT05478954]	Phase 4	800 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-07-15	Active, not recruiting
Comparison of Two Strategies for the Delivery of Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Children (IPTc) in an Area of Seasonal Malaria Transmission [NCT00376155]	Phase 4	14,000 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-05-31	Completed
Controlled Human Malaria Infection Study to Assess Gametocytemia and Mosquito Transmissibility in Participants Challenged With Plasmodium Falciparum by Sporozoite or Blood Stage Challenge to Establish a Model for the Evaluation of Transmission-blocking In [NCT03454048]		24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-07	Completed
An Open-label in Vivo Drug Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics, Therapeutic Efficacy, Gametocyte Carriage and Birth Outcomes Following Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine Intermittent Presumptive Treatment (SP IPT) in Pregnant Women [NCT00380146]		31 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-09-30	Completed
Monitoring of Markers of Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) Resistance in the Implementation Countries of TIPTOP Project [NCT03998839]		7,200 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-03-05	Completed
Comparison of IST Using Ultra-sensitive Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test and Pyronaridine - Artesunate - PYRAMAX®) to Standard IPT Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine to Prevent Malaria in Pregnant Women Living in Endemic Areas [NCT04783051]	Phase 3	250 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-05-06	Completed
Efficacy of Sulphadoxine/Pyrimethamine and Chlorproguanil/Dapsone in 6-59 Month Old Children With Uncomplicated Malaria and in 2-10 Month Old Asymptomatic Infants. [NCT00361114]	Phase 3	112 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-07-31	Terminated(stopped due to SP arms were stopped due to high levels of treatment failure.CD not available.)
Randomized, Single Oral Dose, Open-label, Single-period, Parallel Group, Bioequivalence Study to Compare Sulfadoxine/Pyrimethamine Two Dispersible Tablets (250 mg Sulfadoxine / 12.5 mg Pyrimethamine) Versus G-COSPE® One Tablet (500 mg Sulfadoxine / 25 mg [NCT05497063]	Phase 1	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-31	Not yet recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine or Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine Plus Piperaquine Regimens Delivered Through Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Schoolchildren of Democratic Republic of Congo: A Randomised Control Trial [NCT01722539]	Phase 3	616 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-11-30	Completed
Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention With or Without Lipid-based Nutrient Supplement in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Kolokani Circle, Koulikoro Region, Mali, August-November 2016: Interventional Matched-pair Clustered Cohort [NCT03035305]		36,717 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Completed
Feasibility and Effectiveness of Delivering Mass Drug Administration for Helminths Through the Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) Platform in a West African Paediatric Population [NCT05354258]		600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-16	Active, not recruiting
A Prospective Randomized Open-Label Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy (IPTp) With Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DP) Versus IPTp With Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (SP) in Malawi [NCT03009526]	Phase 3	602 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-17	Completed
A Controlled Comparative Trial of Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole Versus Aerosolized Pentamidine for Secondary Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS Patients Receiving Azidothymidine (AZT) [NCT00000727]	Phase 3	322 participants	Interventional		Completed
Reducing the Burden of Malaria in HIV-uninfected Pregnant Women and Infants (PROMOTE Birth Cohort 1) [NCT02163447]	Phase 3	300 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-23	Completed
Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria With Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine in Different Zones of Drug Resistance in Rwanda [NCT00372632]	Phase 4	1,717 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-12-31	Completed
Boosting the Impact of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) Through Simultaneous Screening and Treatment of SMC-Children's Roommates in Burkina Faso [NCT04816461]	Phase 4	789 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-07-31	Not yet recruiting
Enhancing Preventive Therapy of Malaria In Children With Sickle Cell Anemia in East Africa (EPiTOMISE) [NCT03178643]	Phase 4	246 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-23	Completed
Randomized Controlled Trial of the Impact of Offering a Nutrition and Health Intervention to Children Recovered From Moderate Acute Malnutrition [NCT02351687]		1,499 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Completed
Improving Cognition and Gestational Duration With Targeted Nutrition [NCT05949190]		1,600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-18	Recruiting
Monthly Versus Two Doses of Ante-Natal Intermittent Preventive Treatment With Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine in University College Hospital [NCT03599596]	Phase 1	136 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-09-01	Not yet recruiting
Effectiveness, Feasibility and Acceptability of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Aweil South County in Northern Bahr Eel Ghazal, South Sudan: A Type 2 Hybrid Effectiveness-implementation Study Using a Convergent Mixed-methods Approach [NCT05471544]	Phase 3	3,575 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-07-18	Active, not recruiting
A Hybrid Effectiveness-implementation Study to Assess the Effectiveness and Chemoprevention Efficacy of Implementing Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Five Districts in Karamoja Region, Uganda [NCT05323721]	Phase 4	6,805 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-06-01	Active, not recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Trial	Outcome
NCT00323622 (10) [back to overview]	Time to First or Only Clinical Episode of Symptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Infection (PFMI) of Primary Case Definition
NCT00323622 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
NCT00323622 (10) [back to overview]	Time to First or Only Episode of Symptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Infection (PFMI) of Secondary Case Definition 3
NCT00323622 (10) [back to overview]	Time to First or Only Episode of Symptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Infection (PFMI) of Secondary Case Definition 2
NCT00323622 (10) [back to overview]	Time to First or Only Episode of Symptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Infection (PFMI) of Secondary Case Definition 1
NCT00323622 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects With Anemia.
NCT00323622 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Prevalent for Plasmodium Falciparum (P. Falciparum) Parasitemia
NCT00323622 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Primary Case Definition Clinical Episodes of Symptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Infection (PFMI)
NCT00323622 (10) [back to overview]	Anti-hepatitis B (HBs) Antibody Concentrations.
NCT00323622 (10) [back to overview]	Anti-circumsporozoite Protein (CS) Antibody Concentrations.
NCT00948896 (4) [back to overview]	Incident Malaria Cases Per Person Year at Risk in HIV-exposed Participants
NCT00948896 (4) [back to overview]	Incident Malaria Cases Per Person Year at Risk in HIV-unexposed Participants
NCT00948896 (4) [back to overview]	Incidence of Any Adverse Events Defined as Severity Grade 3-4 That Are Possibly, Probably, or Definitely Related to Study Drugs
NCT00948896 (4) [back to overview]	Rebound Incidence of Malaria Defined as the Number of Treatments for New Episodes of Malaria Per Time at Risk
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage Participants With Sub-optimal Pregnancy Outcome in Intent-to-Treat (IIT) Population
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Episodes Per Participant
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Nasopharyngeal Swabs Positive for Macrolide Resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Nasopharyngeal Swabs Positive for Penicillin Resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Neonates With LBW (<2500 g) in Efficacy Analyzable PP Population
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Birth Weight of Live Borne Neonate
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline to 36-38 Weeks of Gestation in Hb Concentration.
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Number of Episodes of Symptomatic Malaria Per Participant From First Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Falciparum Dose to Delivery
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Neonates With Congenital Abnormalities at Birth
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Neonates With LBW (<2500 g) in ITT Population
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Neonates With Ophthalmia Neonatorum at Birth Period
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Requiring Additional Treatment for Symptomatic Malaria From First Dose to Delivery
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Bacterial Infections Including Pneumonia and Other Lower Respiratory Tract Infections From First Dose to Delivery
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Bacterial Vaginosis Infection at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation.
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Cord Blood Parasitemia at Delivery
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Maternal Anemia (Hb <11 g/dL) at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Infection at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Peripheral Parasitemia at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Peripheral Parasitemia at Delivery
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Placental Malaria at Delivery Based on Histology
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Placental Parasitemia at Delivery
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Pre-eclampsia From Week 20 to Delivery
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Severe Maternal Anemia (Hemoglobin [Hb] <8 g/dL) at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Sexually Transmitted Infections From First Dose to 36-38 Weeks of Gestation
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Sub-optimal Pregnancy Outcome in Efficacy Analyzable Per Protocol (PP) Population
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Sub-optimal Pregnancy Outcome Including Neonatal Death and Congenital Malformation
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Treponema Pallidum Infection at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation
NCT01103063 (30) [back to overview]	Percentage of Perinatal or Neonatal Deaths
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Infection in the Fetal Circulation
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Clinical Malaria, All Species
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Active Placental Malaria Infection
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) (Birthweight < 2500 Grams)
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Malaria Infection, All Species.
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Maternal Anemia (Hemoglobin < 10 Grams/Deciliter)
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Maternal Severe Anemia (Hemoglobin < 7gm/dl)
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Miscarriage
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Placental Malaria by Placental Impression Smear
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Placental Malaria Infection Based on Histology
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Preterm Delivery
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Stillbirth
NCT01443130 (14) [back to overview]	Infant Mortality Rate to 14 Weeks of Age
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Malaria in Infants
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Complicated Malaria in Infants
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Hospital Admissions in Infants
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Malaria in Infants
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Malaria in Pregnant Women
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With One or More Birth Outcomes: Congenital Malformations, Spontaneous Abortion, LBW (<2500g), Still Birth, Pre-term Delivery
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Anemia in Pregnant Women
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Gametocytemia in Infants
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Gametocytemia in Pregnant Women
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Parasitemia at the Time of Monthly Routine Visits During Pregnancy
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Parasitemia in Infants
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Placental Malaria
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Blood Samples Positive for Parasites by Microscopy or LAMP
NCT02163447 (14) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Maternal Blood Samples Positive for Parasites by Microscopy and LAMP at Delivery
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Malaria in Infants
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Hospital Admissions in Infants
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Incidence of Complicated Malaria in Infants
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Maternal Malaria
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Placental Parasitemia
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Placental Malaria by Histology
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Asymptomatic Parasitemia in Pregnant Women
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Asymptomatic Parasitemia in Infants
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Anemia in Pregnant Women
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Prevalence of Anemia in Infants
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Adverse Events
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Deliver With a Composite Adverse Birth Outcome
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Mean Gestational Age in Weeks at Birth
NCT02793622 (14) [back to overview]	Infant Mortality Rate
NCT03454048 (8) [back to overview]	AUC Gametocytes
NCT03454048 (8) [back to overview]	Frequency of Adverse Events in the CHMI-trans Model
NCT03454048 (8) [back to overview]	Gametocyte Commitment
NCT03454048 (8) [back to overview]	Gametocyte Prevalence
NCT03454048 (8) [back to overview]	Gametocyte Sex-ratio
NCT03454048 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Infectious for Mosquitoes Through DFA
NCT03454048 (8) [back to overview]	Peak Density Gametocytes
NCT03454048 (8) [back to overview]	Magnitude of Adverse Events in the CHMI-trans Model

Time to First or Only Clinical Episode of Symptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Infection (PFMI) of Primary Case Definition

Malaria infection by Plasmodium falciparum was detected by passive case detection. A symptomatic PFMI episode of Primary Case Definition (PCD) was defined as the presence of P. falciparum asexual parasitaemia above 2500 per µL on Giemsa stained thick blood films accompanied by fever (axillary temperature equal or above 37.5 degrees Celsius at the time of presentation) occurring in an unwell child brought for treatment to a healthcare facility. The time to first or only episode of symptomatic PFMI is expressed in terms of rate of first PFMI (RPFMI), that is, the number of PFMI events reported (n) over the period elapsed until the PFMI event occurred (i.e. events per Persons Year at Risk [PYAR]) for each group. Analysis for this outcome was solely performed on Cohort 1 subjects, with groups pooled across age ranges. (NCT00323622)
Timeframe: From Month 21 to Month 33 (M21-33), and from Month 33 to Month 45 (M33-45). Month 0 = administration of Dose 1 of RTS,S/AS02A or comparator vaccine in study NCT00197041

Intervention	n/PYAR (Number)
	RPFMI - PCD - M21-33 (N=650;645)	RPFMI - PCD - M33-45 (N=638;629)
Cohort 1-Engerix-B/Prevnar-Hiberix Group	0.375	0.149
Cohort 1-RTS,S/AS02A Group	0.330	0.140

Intervention	Subjects (Number)
Cohort 1-RTS,S/AS02A <24M Group	21
Cohort 1-RTS,S/AS02A ≥24M Group	17
Cohort 2-RTS,S/AS02A <24M Group	1
Cohort 2-RTS,S/AS02A ≥24M Group	0
Cohort 1-Prevnar-Hiberix <24M Group	24
Cohort 1-Engerix-B ≥24M Group	29
Cohort 2-Prevnar- Hiberix <24M Group	1
Cohort 2-Engerix-B ≥24M Group	4

Intervention	n/PYAR (Number)
	RPFMI - SCD 3 - M21-33 (N=650;645)	RPFMI - SCD 3 - M33-45 (N=638;629)
Cohort 1-Engerix-B/Prevnar-Hiberix Group	0.329	0.122
Cohort 1-RTS,S/AS02A Group	0.288	0.122

Intervention	n/PYAR (Number)
	RPFMI - SCD 2 - M21-33 (N=650;645)	RPFMI - SCD 2 - M33-45 (N=638;629)
Cohort 1-Engerix-B/Prevnar-Hiberix Group	0.630	0.270
Cohort 1-RTS,S/AS02A Group	0.540	0.260

Intervention	n/PYAR (Number)
	RPFMI - SCD 1 - M21-33 (N=650;645)	RPFMI - SCD 1 - M33-45 (N=638;629)
Cohort 1-Engerix-B/Prevnar-Hiberix Group	0.409	0.174
Cohort 1-RTS,S/AS02A Group	0.365	0.161

Intervention	Subjects (Number)
	HL <25%, Month 33 (N = 650, 645)	HL ≥25%, Month 33 (N = 650, 645])	Missing Results, Month 33 (N = 650;645)	HL <25%, Month 45 (N = 638, 629)	HL ≥25%, Month 45 (N = 638, 629)	Missing Results, Month 45 (N = 638;629)
Cohort 1-Engerix-B/Prevnar-Hiberix Group	2	593	50	0	543	86
Cohort 1-RTS,S/AS02A Group	2	584	64	0	540	98

Intervention	Subjects (Number)
	Subjects prevalent for parasitemia, M33[N=590,590]	Subjects prevalent for parasitemia, M45[N=541,547]
Cohort 1-Engerix-B/Prevnar-Hiberix Group	121	101
Cohort 1-RTS,S/AS02A Group	93	66

Intervention	EPFMI episode per pyr (Number)
	EPFMI - PCD - M21-33 (N=650;645)	EPFMI - PCD - M33-45 (N=638;629)
Cohort 1-Engerix-B/Prevnar-Hiberix Group	291	100
Cohort 1-RTS,S/AS02A Group	252	99

Intervention	mIU/mL (Geometric Mean)
	Month 33 [N = 33, 116, 34, 115]	Month 45 [N = 35, 115, 32, 113]
Cohort 2-Engerix-B ≥24M Group	67.4	99.4
Cohort 2-Prevnar- Hiberix <24M Group	20.3	26.6
Cohort 2-RTS,S/AS02A <24M Group	4008.6	3323.8
Cohort 2-RTS,S/AS02A ≥24M Group	1842.5	1557.0

Intervention	EL.U/mL (Geometric Mean)
	Month 33 [N = 490, 487, 149, 149]	Month 45 [N = 452, 447, 150, 145]
Cohort 1-Engerix-B/Prevnar-Hiberix Group	NA	NA
Cohort 1-RTS,S/AS02A Group	10.1	8.9
Cohort 2-Engerix-B/Prevnar-Hiberix Group	0.6	0.4
Cohort 2-RTS,S/AS02A Group	16.2	15.4

Intervention	Episodes per person year at risk (Number)
	Randomization - 24 mo. of Age	Randomization -16 mo. of Age	17-24 mo. of Age
HIV-exposed & Daily TS	2.86	1.70	3.79
HIV-exposed & Monthly DP	1.83	0.90	2.67
HIV-exposed & Monthly SP	4.50	3.72	5.22
HIV-exposed & no Chemoprevention	6.28	5.42	7.04

Intervention	incidence per person-year at risk (Number)
	All grade 3-4 adverse events	Grade 3-4 AEs possibly related to study drugs	All serious adverse events	Elevated Temperature	Anemia	Thrombocytopenia	Elevated aspartate aminotransferase	Elevated alanine aminotransferase	Neutropenia	Malnutrition
HIV-exposed & Daily TS	0.659	0.062	0.330	0.206	0.206	0	0.041	0	0	0.021
HIV-exposed & Monthly DP	0.678	0.097	0.194	0.174	0.291	0.058	0.039	0	0	0.039
HIV-exposed & Monthly SP	1.478	0	0.453	0.532	0.631	0.118	0.020	0	0	0.020
HIV-exposed & no Chemoprevention	1.214	NA	0.411	0.431	0.705	0	0.039	0	0	0.020
HIV-unexposed & Daily TS	0.914	0.054	0.196	0.393	0.318	0.061	0.041	0.027	0.014	0
HIV-unexposed & Monthly DP	0.611	0.021	0.091	0.323	0.168	0.035	0.021	0.021	0.007	0
HIV-unexposed & Monthly SP	1.415	0.056	0.364	0.546	0.602	0.119	0.056	0.028	0.042	0
HIV-unexposed & no Chemoprevention	1.159	NA	0.178	0.542	0.384	0.123	0.048	0.027	0.021	0

Intervention	Episode per person year at risk (Number)
	6-24 mo. of Age	6-11 mo. of Age	12-24 mo. of Age
HIV-unexposed & Daily TS	5.21	3.27	6.32
HIV-unexposed & Monthly DP	3.02	1.49	3.88
HIV-unexposed & Monthly SP	6.73	5.51	7.41
HIV-unexposed & no Chemoprevention	6.95	6.41	7.24

Intervention	Incidence per person year at risk (Number)
	All incident episodes of malaria	Complicated malaria	All-cause hospital admissions
HIV-exposed & Daily TS	8.13	0.116	0.186
HIV-exposed & Monthly DP	6.78	0.044	0.089
HIV-exposed & Monthly SP	6.75	0.147	0.318
HIV-exposed & no Chemoprevention	9.08	0.161	0.459
HIV-unexposed & Daily TS	10.90	0.046	0.091
HIV-unexposed & Monthly DP	10.77	0	0.023
HIV-unexposed & Monthly SP	11.98	0.132	0.452
HIV-unexposed & no Chemoprevention	10.85	0.046	0.046

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	26.16
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	23.67

Intervention	Number of episodes (Least Squares Mean)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	0.14
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	0.19

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
	Visit 6 (N = 8 and 17 respectively)	Visit 7 (N = 16 and 11 respectively)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	0	0
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	11.76	0

Intervention	Percentage of neonates (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	4.72
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	5.21

Intervention	grams (Least Squares Mean)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	3148.3
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	3146.2

Intervention	Number of episodes (Least Squares Mean)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	0.06
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	0.13

Intervention	Percentage of neonates (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	2.19
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	2.44

Intervention	Percentage of neonates (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	5.01
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	5.72

sulfadoxine

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (129)

Research Excerpts

Effects

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (2)

Drug Classes (2)

Protein Targets (9)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (146)

Molecular Functions (41)

Ceullar Components (31)

Bioassays (95)

Research

Studies (2,226)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 52.68

Study Types

Clinical Trials (135)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Time to First or Only Clinical Episode of Symptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Infection (PFMI) of Primary Case Definition

Number of Subjects With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)

Time to First or Only Episode of Symptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Infection (PFMI) of Secondary Case Definition 3

Time to First or Only Episode of Symptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Infection (PFMI) of Secondary Case Definition 2

Time to First or Only Episode of Symptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Infection (PFMI) of Secondary Case Definition 1

Number of Subjects With Anemia.

Number of Subjects Prevalent for Plasmodium Falciparum (P. Falciparum) Parasitemia

Number of Primary Case Definition Clinical Episodes of Symptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Infection (PFMI)

Anti-hepatitis B (HBs) Antibody Concentrations.

Anti-circumsporozoite Protein (CS) Antibody Concentrations.

Incident Malaria Cases Per Person Year at Risk in HIV-exposed Participants

Incident Malaria Cases Per Person Year at Risk in HIV-unexposed Participants

Incidence of Any Adverse Events Defined as Severity Grade 3-4 That Are Possibly, Probably, or Definitely Related to Study Drugs

Rebound Incidence of Malaria Defined as the Number of Treatments for New Episodes of Malaria Per Time at Risk

Percentage Participants With Sub-optimal Pregnancy Outcome in Intent-to-Treat (IIT) Population

Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Episodes Per Participant

Nasopharyngeal Swabs Positive for Macrolide Resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Nasopharyngeal Swabs Positive for Penicillin Resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Percentage of Neonates With LBW (<2500 g) in Efficacy Analyzable PP Population

Birth Weight of Live Borne Neonate

Change From Baseline to 36-38 Weeks of Gestation in Hb Concentration.

Number of Episodes of Symptomatic Malaria Per Participant From First Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Falciparum Dose to Delivery

Percentage of Neonates With Congenital Abnormalities at Birth

Percentage of Neonates With LBW (<2500 g) in ITT Population

Percentage of Neonates With Ophthalmia Neonatorum at Birth Period

Percentage of Participants Requiring Additional Treatment for Symptomatic Malaria From First Dose to Delivery

Percentage of Participants With Bacterial Infections Including Pneumonia and Other Lower Respiratory Tract Infections From First Dose to Delivery

Percentage of Participants With Bacterial Vaginosis Infection at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation.

Percentage of Participants With Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation

Percentage of Participants With Cord Blood Parasitemia at Delivery

Percentage of Participants With Maternal Anemia (Hb <11 g/dL) at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation

Percentage of Participants With Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Infection at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation

Percentage of Participants With Peripheral Parasitemia at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation

Percentage of Participants With Peripheral Parasitemia at Delivery

Percentage of Participants With Placental Malaria at Delivery Based on Histology

Percentage of Participants With Placental Parasitemia at Delivery

Percentage of Participants With Pre-eclampsia From Week 20 to Delivery

Percentage of Participants With Severe Maternal Anemia (Hemoglobin [Hb] <8 g/dL) at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation

Percentage of Participants With Sexually Transmitted Infections From First Dose to 36-38 Weeks of Gestation

Percentage of Participants With Sub-optimal Pregnancy Outcome in Efficacy Analyzable Per Protocol (PP) Population

Percentage of Participants With Sub-optimal Pregnancy Outcome Including Neonatal Death and Congenital Malformation

Percentage of Participants With Treponema Pallidum Infection at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation

Percentage of Participants With Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection at 36-38 Weeks of Gestation

Percentage of Perinatal or Neonatal Deaths

Incidence of Infection in the Fetal Circulation

Incidence of Clinical Malaria, All Species

Incidence of Active Placental Malaria Infection

Incidence of Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)

Incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) (Birthweight < 2500 Grams)

Incidence of Malaria Infection, All Species.

Incidence of Maternal Anemia (Hemoglobin < 10 Grams/Deciliter)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	5.74
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	10.52

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	8.58
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	11.84

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	1.47
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	0.63

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	0.49
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	0.75

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	50.57
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	49.11

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	0.40
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	1.64

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	2.71
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	4.38

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	6.05
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	7.46

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	4.81
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	5.73

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Azithromycin + Chloroquine	5.30
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine	5.67