| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "Crohn's disease (regional enteritis) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory intestinal disorder of unknown etiology." | ( Phillip, J, 1975) |
| "Crohn's disease is a perplexing disease with a high rate of morbidity and complications." | ( Farmer, RG, 1975) |
| "Optimal therapy of Crohn's disease is only possible in close cooperation between gastroenterologist and surgeon." | ( Herfarth, CH, 1978) |
| "Crohn's ileocolitis is an etiologically unclarified inflammatory disease of the alimentary canal, which is in most cases arranged in segments, may concern all segments, but above all may take place in the inferior ileum and the adjacent segments of the colon." | ( Scharf, R, 1976) |
| "Metastatic Crohn's disease is a term used to describe a granulomatous reaction occurring in flexures, and separated from the affected areas of the gastro-intestinal tract by normal skin." | ( Gray, WM; McCallum, DI, 1976) |
| "Crohn's disease is a perplexing panintestinal disease whose etiology is unknown." | ( Fazio, VW; Hyman, NH, 1991) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the bowel for which there is no curative treatment." | ( Modigliani, R, 1991) |
| "Crohn's disease is seen in more than 10% of all patients with PSC." | ( Aadland, E; Elgjo, K; Fausa, O; Kolmannskog, F; Schrumpf, E, 1990) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory granulomatous disorder affecting any part of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the terminal ileum and the colon." | ( Griffioen, G; Lamers, CB; Weterman, IT; Witteman, BJ, 1991) |
| "Metastatic Crohn's disease is an unusual granulomatous inflammation of the skin that is noncontiguous to the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Guenther, L; Shum, DT, 1990) |
| "The etiology of Crohn's disease is unknown." | ( Berstad, A, 1990) |
| "Enteroclysis in Crohn's disease is a valuable method which cannot be replaced by another examination." | ( Antos, Z; Horák, J; Vasícek, M, 1989) |
| "Metastatic Crohn's disease is a rare cutaneous manifestation of intestinal Crohn's disease, for which existing treatment is unsatisfactory." | ( Duhra, P; Paul, CJ, 1988) |
| "Crohn's disease is characterized by alternating acute and quiescent periods." | ( Bollbach, R; Fuchs, D; Hausen, A; Judmaier, G; Prior, C; Reibnegger, G; Rotthauwe, HW; Wachter, H; Werner, ER, 1986) |
| "The pathogenesis of Crohn's disease is unknown, but immunologic mechanisms appear to play at least a partial role." | ( Gyr, K; Marbet, UA; Stalder, GA, 1986) |
| "Crohn's disease is a granulomatous form of enteritis superficially similar to Johne's disease (paratuberculosis) of ruminants." | ( Brennan, PJ; Cho, SN; Graham, DY; Korelitz, BI; Yoshimura, HH, 1986) |
| "As the etiology of Crohn's disease is still unknown, medical as well as surgical treatment has to be symptomatic." | ( Domschke, W, 1984) |
| "1." | ( Balzer, K; Breuer, N; Förster, S; Goebell, H; Hotz, J, 1984) |
| "Patients with Crohn's disease are usually treated with metronidazole for long periods with the risk of selecting resistant bowel bacteria." | ( Danielsson, D; Kjellander, J; Krook, A, 1982) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disorder characterized in most patients by repeated episodes of diminished and exacerbated symptoms." | ( Stark, ME; Tremaine, WJ, 1993) |
| "Because Crohn's disease is associated with altered motility, this study investigated the contractility of intestinal muscle resected from patients with or without Crohn's disease." | ( Collins, SM; Huizinga, JD; Riddell, RH; Vermillion, DL, 1993) |
| "Crohn's disease is characterised by gradual development of intestinal fibrotic lesions containing large amounts of collagen type I, III, and V." | ( Junker, P; Kjeldsen, J; Schaffalitzky de Muckadell, OB, 1995) |
| "Crohn's disease is a granulomatous systemic disorder of unknown aetiology." | ( Benard, A; Demarcq-Delerue, G; Guenanen, H; Hotermans, G; Malart, T; Wallaert, B, 1996) |
| "While surgery for Crohn's disease is usually effective initially, its long-term benefits may be diminished by the risk of recurrent disease." | ( Mcleod, RS, 1996) |
| "Active Crohn's disease is associated with significantly higher scan score (mean +/- SEM, 82." | ( Giaffer, MH; Holdsworth, D; Tindale, WB, 1996) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disorder primarily affecting the gastrointestinal system." | ( Druschky, A; Engelhardt, A; Heckmann, J, 1996) |
| "Crohn's disease is characterized by chronic inflammation of the digestive tract which may be localized at any level." | ( Aparicio Tormo, JR; Casellas Valdé, JA; Martínez Sempere, JF; Moya García, MI; Palazón Azorín, JM; Trigueros Mateos, M, 1997) |
| "Metastatic Crohn's disease is a rare complication in Crohn's disease and there have been only several cases of metastatic Crohn's disease involving the penis." | ( Chiba, M; Horie, Y; Iizuka, M; Masamune, O, 1997) |
| "Crohn's disease is inevitably characterized by episodes of relapse followed by remission." | ( Breslin, NP; Sutherland, LR, 1998) |
| "Crohn's disease is often treated with glucocorticoids or mesalamine." | ( Cortot, A; Jewell, D; Persson, T; Pettersson, E; Thomsen, OO; Vatn, M; Veloso, FT; Winter, T; Wright, JP, 1998) |
| "Patients with Crohn's disease are at risk of osteoporosis and premature fracture." | ( Abrams, K; Al-Azzawi, F; Iqbal, SJ; Mayberry, JF; Robinson, RJ, 1998) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the alimentary tract." | ( Krummenauer, F; Meyer zum Büschenfelde, KH; Neurath, MF; Peters, M; Schlaak, JF; Wanitschke, R, 1999) |
| "Women with Crohn's disease are usually advised not to take oral contraceptives, but, unlike smoking, there is no clear association between current oral contraceptive use and more severe disease." | ( Beaugerie, L; Carbonnel, F; Carrat, F; Cosnes, J; Gendre, JP, 1999) |
| "Crohn's disease is a risk factor for gallstone formation." | ( Brink, MA; Gouma, DJ; Groen, AK; Keulemans, YC; Mok, KS; Slors, JF; Tytgat, GN, 1999) |
| "Crohn's disease is a familial disorder, and antiglycan antibodies to the cell wall mannan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) are highly correlated with Crohn's disease." | ( Braun, J; Li, Z; Rotter, JI; Sutton, CL; Targan, SR; Yang, H, 2000) |
| "Crohn's diseases is a chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Ferjaoui, M; Hajri, H; Kooli, H; Najeh, D, 1999) |
| "Crohn's disease is associated with vascular injury and dysregulation of the intestinal immune system which together can provide disturbance of mesenteric circulation functional properties." | ( Colombel, JF; Desreumaux, P; Gambiez, L; Haddad, E; Lebuffe, G; Vallet, B, 2000) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory condition affecting any part of the human gastrointestinal tract." | ( Selby, W, 2000) |
| "Crohn's disease is not usually included among the causes of ascites." | ( Aparicio Tormo, JR; Gómez Andrés, A; Laveda, R, 2000) |
| "Longstanding Crohn's disease is associated with a deficiency of fat soluble vitamins, among them vitamin K." | ( Brummer, RJ; Müller, MC; Schoon, EJ; Schurgers, LJ; Stockbrügger, RW; Vermeer, C, 2001) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease, which may involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract, including the oral cavity." | ( Brand, HS; Scheper, HJ, 2000) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, which is thought to result from the effect of environmental factors in a genetically predisposed host." | ( Achkar, JP; Bayless, TM; Bonen, DK; Brant, SR; Britton, H; Chen, FF; Cho, JH; Duerr, RH; Hanauer, SB; Inohara, N; Karaliuskas, R; Kirschner, BS; Moran, T; Nicolae, DL; Nuñez, G; Ogura, Y; Ramos, R, 2001) |
| "Crohn's disease is well known for its perianal complications, among which fistulas-in-ano are the most common abnormalities." | ( Cuesta, MA; Felt-Bersma, RJ; Meuwissen, SG; Poen, AC; Sloots, CE, 2001) |
| "Crohn's disease is associated with deranged intestinal permeability in vivo, suggesting dysfunction of tight junctions." | ( Franzén, LE; Lindmark, T; Olaison, G; Peterson, KH; Sjödahl, R; Söderholm, JD; Tagesson, C; Wirén, M, 2002) |
| "Crohn's disease is a modern Western disease characterised by transmural inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Lomer, MC; Powell, JJ; Thompson, RP, 2002) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic transmural inflammation that can involve any part of the digestive system, from the oral cavity to the anal canal, being combined with many abenteric manifestations." | ( Rumiantsev, VG; Shchigoleva, NE, 2002) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by uncertainty in etiology and pathogenesis occasionally with manifestations in oral mucous membranes." | ( Andersen, KM; Leknes, KN; Selvig, KA, 2003) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic, debilitating subset of inflammatory bowel diseases, which may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Löfberg, R, 2003) |
| "The aetiology of Crohn's disease is unknown and therefore no curative treatments are available for the disease." | ( Biancone, L; De Nigris, F; Fantini, M; Fina, D; Geremia, A; Pallone, F; Tosti, C, 2003) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that affects up to 480,000 persons in the United States." | ( Cronau, H; Greenberg, G; Knutson, D, 2003) |
| "Crohn's disease is a multisystem disorder characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation." | ( Fairfield, WP; Katznelson, L; Klibanski, A; Peppercorn, MA; Rosenthal, DI; Sands, BE; Zeizafoun, N, 2003) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) of unknown etiology." | ( Alzoghaibi, MA; Fowler, AA; Graham, MF; Walsh, SW; Willey, A, 2003) |
| "Crohn's disease is complicated by fistulas in 20-40% of patients at some time during the course of their illness." | ( Blumenstein, I; Schröder, O; Schulte-Bockholt, A; Stein, J, 2004) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder with a relapsing and remitting course." | ( Brookes, MJ; Green, JR, 2004) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic intestinal inflammatory process." | ( Arondel, Y; Fiorucci, M; Muller, CD; Pinna, GF; Reimund, JM; Taquet, N, 2004) |
| "Crohn's disease is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory disorder of the digestive tract with heterogeneous clinical presentations." | ( Hanauer, SB; Kane, SV; Lichtenstein, GR; Present, DH, 2004) |
| "Crohn's disease is an idiopathic inflammatory condition." | ( Akiho, H; Blennerhassett, P; Ceponis, PJ; Collins, SM; Deng, Y; Lovato, P, 2005) |
| "Crohn's disease is a disabling inflammatory bowel disease that may involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Rutgeerts, PJ, 2004) |
| "Crohn's disease is a granulomatous disorder that is more commonly associated with hypocalcemia caused by poor calcium intake and decreased intestinal calcium absorption related to vitamin D deficiency as a consequence of malabsorption." | ( Steinman, TI; Tuohy, KA, 2005) |
| "Crohn's disease is associated with increased permeability of the intestinal barrier even in quiescent patients." | ( Arakawa, T; Fujiwara, Y; Higuchi, K; Nakamura, S; Oshitani, N; Watanabe, K, 2005) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic granulomatous disorder, which may involve any segment of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus." | ( Berenguer, J; Del Valle, E; Hernández, C; Jara, J; Martínez-Salamanca, JI; Miralles, P, 2004) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder characterized by discontinuous, transmural, granulomatous inflammation involving any location of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Rajarajan, K; Raju, BB; Sathiyasekaran, M; Shivbalan, S, 2005) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic granulomatous inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract which was first described in the beginning of the 20th century." | ( Traunmüller, F, 2005) |
| "Crohn's disease is associated with altered bone turnover that may be influenced by nutritional status, the systemic inflammatory response, cytokine production by circulating (peripheral blood) mononuclear cells (PBMC) and antioxidant micronutrient intake." | ( Arden, NK; Calder, PC; Fine, DR; Moniz, C; Mullee, MA; Stroud, MA; Trebble, TM; Wootton, SA, 2005) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Brandslund, I; Eivindson, M; Grønbaek, H; Hey, H; Hougaard, DM; Jensen, S; Jørgensen, LG; Munkholm, P; Nielsen, AA; Nielsen, JN; Skogstrand, K; Vind, I, 2005) |
| "Most humans with Crohn's disease are infected with this chronic enteric pathogen." | ( Bull, TJ; Evans, H; Hermon-Taylor, J; McMinn, L; Mura, M; Pickup, R; Rhodes, G; Sidi-Boumedine, K, 2006) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic debilitating disease characterised by a Th1 driven severe inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Chorny, A; Delgado, M; Fernandez-Martin, A; Gonzalez-Rey, E, 2006) |
| "Early stages of Crohn's disease are better evaluated by BE." | ( Bonomo, L; Fiorentini, L; Guidi, L; Minordi, LM; Mirk, P; Vecchioli, A, 2006) |
| "Crohn's disease is strongly associated with double mutations in NOD2/CARD15." | ( Forbes, A; Gabe, SM; Ghosh, S; Hunt, KA; King, K; Mathew, CG; Playford, RJ; van Heel, DA, 2006) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that may involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Hommes, D; Löwenberg, M; Peppelenbosch, M, 2006) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract and is an important cause of morbidity in children and adolescents." | ( Sathiyasekaran, M; Shivbalan, S, 2006) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic idiopathic slowly developing transmural inflammation of the digestive system." | ( Bertrand, B; Daele, J; Dartevelle, M; Eloy, P; Fridman, V; Goffart, Y; Leruth, E; Melange, M; Nollevaux, MC, 2007) |
| "Crohn's disease is frequently associated with extraintestinal manifestations." | ( Barreiro-de Acosta, M; Domínguez-Muñoz, JE; Lorenzo, A; Lozano-León, A; Núñez-Pardo de Vera, MC; Peña, S, 2007) |
| "Crohn's disease is more likely a systemic disease governed by a shift in the immune response, thus affecting the whole MALT system." | ( Kysela, P; Válek, V; Vavríková, M, 2007) |
| "While Crohn's disease is associated with a marked CRP response, there is little or no elevation in the synthesis of this protein in ulcerative colitis." | ( Gisbert, JP; González-Lama, Y; Maté, J, 2007) |
| "The pathogenesis of Crohn's disease is unclear, but many studies suggest that luminal bacteria play an important role in chronic intestinal inflammation in patients with this condition." | ( Chiba, T; Inoue, S; Kasahara, K; Kitamura, H; Matsuura, M; Mikami, S; Nakase, H; Tamaki, H; Ueno, S; Uza, N, 2007) |
| "Crohn's disease is characterised by recurrent flare-ups alternating with periods of remission." | ( Akobeng, AK, 2008) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can involve any portion of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Abdelli, MN; Ben Abdallah, H; Bouali, MR; Houissa, F; Khediri, MF, 2007) |
| "Crohn's disease is characterized by defective innate immune responses to intestinal bacteria." | ( Ellis, A; Leiper, K; Martin, K; Morris, AI; Rhodes, JM; Watson, AJ, 2008) |
| "Although Crohn's disease is thought to be rare and intestinal tuberculosis common in India, Crohn's disease is being reported more often." | ( Ahuja, V; Benjamin, J; Das, K; Dhali, GK; Ghoshal, UC; Makharia, GK, 2009) |
| "Crohn's disease is a complex multifactorial disorder characterized by the alternation of a cytokine-driven T-lymphocyte-depending inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, and "off" periods, where patients are completely asymptomatic." | ( Justum, AM; Muller, CD; Ratajczyk, J; Reimund, JM; Sola, B, 2007) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic relapsing condition of the alimentary tract with a high morbidity secondary to bowel inflammation." | ( Akobeng, AK; Srinivasan, R, 2009) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic granulomatous disorder that may involve any segment of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Buchman, AL; Collyer, J; Leu, S; Mirowski, GW; Schlosser, B; Smidt, A; Stika, CS; Sun, PK; Vanagunas, A, 2009) |
| "Crohn's disease is a long-term chronic condition of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Orchard, TR; Reese, GE; Tekkis, PP; von Roon, AC, 2007) |
| "Crohn's disease is an inflammatory process and is associated with several metabolic disturbances." | ( Bláha, V; Hrabovský, V; Hyspler, R; Karlík, T; Martínek, A; Mendlová, A; Zadák, Z, 2009) |
| "Crohn's disease is characterized by recurrent transmural inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly, the terminal ileum and the colon." | ( Benchimol, EI; Griffiths, AM; Otley, AR; Seow, CH; Steinhart, AH, 2009) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic granulomatous inflammatory bowel disorder, often associated with cutaneous manifestations, termed metastatic Crohn's." | ( King, D; Lane, VA; Stahlschmidt, J; Subramaniam, R; Sugarman, I; Vajda, P, 2010) |
| "Recurrence of Crohn's disease is common after intestinal resection." | ( Bennett, G; Cheifetz, A; Doherty, G; Moss, AC; Patil, S, 2009) |
| "Fistulizing Crohn's disease is associated with significant morbidity." | ( Schwartz, DA, 2009) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic, progressive disabling condition ultimately leading to stricturing and/or penetrating complications." | ( Lakatos, L; Lakatos, PL, 2010) |
| "The pathogenesis of Crohn's disease is attributed to intestinal bacteria and environmental factors that trigger disease in a genetically predisposed host." | ( Chang, JS; Clavel, T; Haller, D; Kisling, S; Martínez, I; Schuemann, K; Wagner, SJ; Walter, J; Werner, T, 2011) |
| "Crohn's disease is associated in 25% of cases of EBA." | ( Le Roux-Villet, C; Prost-Squarcioni, C, 2011) |
| "Metastatic Crohn's disease is a rare inflammatory process that is non-contiguous from the bowel." | ( Husain, E; Hussain, F; McClinton, S; Ormerod, A; Vint, R, 2012) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic, inflammatory process, probably immunologically mediated, that may affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus, usually in a discontinuous fashion." | ( Litsas, G, 2011) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that is defined by relapsing and remitting episodes." | ( Leite, MR; Lyra, AC; Mota, J; Santana, GO; Santos, SS, 2011) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition largely affecting the terminal ileum and large bowel." | ( Bielawski, J; Bloom, SL; Goss, V; Han, X; Hannun, YA; Koster, G; Postle, AD; Rahman, FZ; Segal, AW; Sewell, GW; Smith, PJ; Vega, R; Walker, AP, 2012) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can involve the whole gastrointestinal tract." | ( Cho, HD; Chung, IK; Chung, SK; Jung, BY; Kim, SJ; Lee, CK; Lee, SH; Lee, TH, 2012) |
| "Crohn's disease is characterized by hyper-regenerative processes in the ileal mucosa." | ( Alexeenko, SA; Fleishman, MY; Lebedko, OA; Ozhegov, EV; Timoshin, SS; Zhivotova, EY, 2012) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory bowel disease; it affects the mucosa and deeper layers of the digestive wall." | ( Chua, KH; Goh, KL; Hilmi, I; Ng, CC, 2012) |
| "Crohn's disease is difficult to diagnose and is commonly treated as tuberculosis in our setting." | ( Adkar, S; Jain, AK; Jain, M; Sircar, S; Waghmare, C, 2012) |
| "Cutaneous Crohn's Disease is a notoriously difficult condition to treat and causes significant morbidity, impacting heavily on quality of life." | ( El-Omar, E; Keenan, RA; Ormerod, AD; Rice, SA; Woo, PN, 2013) |
| "Crohn's disease is rare in South African black people and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is also rare in black patients with IBD, from South Africa." | ( Bezuidenhout, E; Bosch, FJ; Buchel, OC; de K Grundling, H; de Vries, CS; Fevery, J; Janse van Rensburg, J; Middlecote, BD; van Zyl, JH, 2012) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, affecting both children and adults." | ( Bertolone, S; Cheerva, A; Dillard, R, 2013) |
| "Crohn's disease is associated with treatment and non-treatment infectious complications." | ( Abou Zahr, A; Saad Aldin, E; Yunyongying, P, 2013) |
| "Crohn's disease is one of the two major IBD phenotypes and mostly affects the terminal ileum." | ( Gruber, L; Haller, D; Kisling, S; Klingenspor, M; Lichtenegger, M; Lichti, P; Martin, FP; May, S; Rychlik, M, 2013) |
| "Crohn's disease is characterized by chronic immune-mediated intestinal inflammation." | ( Boers-Sonderen, MJ; Hoentjen, F; Jacobs, JF; Mulder, SF; Nagtegaal, ID; van Herpen, CM; Wanten, GJ, 2014) |
| "Crohn's disease is a transmural, relapsing inflammatory condition afflicting the digestive tract." | ( Chande, N; Macdonald, JK; Segal, D, 2014) |
| "Crohn's disease is a multifactorial disease in which an aberrant immune response to commensal intestinal microbiota leads to chronic inflammation." | ( Aloi, M; Bertuccini, L; Costanzo, M; Cucchiara, S; Iosi, F; Stronati, L; Superti, F; Terruzzi, F; Tinari, A, 2014) |
| "The therapy of Crohn's disease is constantly evolving." | ( Dassopoulos, T; Gutierrez, A, 2014) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic incurable condition that normally requires lifelong treatment." | ( Irving, PM, 2014) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic, progressive and disabling condition." | ( Antunes, O; Filippi, J; Hébuterne, X; Peyrin-Biroulet, L, 2014) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease." | ( Chen, K; Saas, P; Sun, Y; Wang, H; Wang, S; Wang, Y; Xu, Y; Yuan, Y; Zhang, Y; Zhong, J, 2015) |
| "Crohn's disease is an inflammatory chronic bowel disease characterized by an imbalanced production of pro-inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-α) and an increased recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation." | ( Doros, G; Fijak, M; Gooren, L; Haider, A; Kurtz, W; Nasser, M; Saad, F; Vignozzi, L, 2015) |
| "Crohn's disease is an autoimmune disease associated with imbalanced mucosal immunity, mediated with increased Th1 and Th17 cells." | ( Dong, J; Gong, J; Li, J; Li, Y; Shen, X; Sun, J; Wang, H; Zhao, J; Zhu, W; Zuo, L, 2015) |
| "Crohn's disease is a common inflammatory manifestation in humans and other animal species relating to the ulceration and digestive disturbances in upper gastro-intestinal tract." | ( Pandiyan, V; Selvasubramanian, S; Vemu, B, 2016) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic relapsing condition of the alimentary tract with a high morbidity secondary to bowel inflammation." | ( Akobeng, AK; Elawad, M; Gordon, M, 2016) |
| "Crohn's disease is associated with delayed maturation, and initiation of anti-TNF-α therapy was associated with significant and rapid increases in sex hormone and gonadotropin levels, in association with improvements in disease activity and measures of inflammation." | ( Agard, HE; Baldassano, RN; DeBoer, MD; Denburg, MR; Denson, LA; Griffin, LM; Herskovitz, R; Leonard, MB; Long, J; Thayu, M; Zemel, BS, 2016) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with an abnormal immune phenotype." | ( Arató, A; Bajnok, A; Orbán, C; Szabó, D; Toldi, G; Tulassay, T; Vásárhelyi, B; Veres, G, 2016) |
| "Crohn's disease is a relapsing inflammatory condition afflicting the digestive tract." | ( Abdel-Salam, LO; Kamel, MM; Khattab, A; Osman, AS; Tawfik, DI; Tolba, HM, 2016) |
| "Crohn's disease is a heterogeneous, inflammatory condition that can affect any location of the gastrointestinal tract." | ( Laube, R; Leong, RW; Liu, K; Schifter, M; Suen, MK; Yang, JL, 2018) |
| "Diagnostic delay in Crohn's disease is associated with significantly higher stenotic complications and need for surgery." | ( Banerjee, R; Girish, BG; Pal, P; Reddy, DN, 2018) |
| "Crohn's disease is a transmural, relapsing inflammatory condition afflicting the digestive tract." | ( Chande, N; MacDonald, JK; Nguyen, TM; Parker, CE; Segal, D, 2018) |
| "Crohn's disease is an idiopathic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology with genetic, immunologic, and environmental influences." | ( Gerson, LB; Isaacs, KL; Lichtenstein, GR; Loftus, EV; Regueiro, MD; Sands, BE, 2018) |
| "The aetiology of Crohn's disease is poorly understood." | ( Halfvarson, J; Keita, ÅV; Lindqvist, CM; Magana, CDL; Öst, Å; Schoultz, I, 2018) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease." | ( Skok, K; Skok, P, 2018) |
| "Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology." | ( Akahoshi, A; Kikuchi, Y; Matsuo, M; Minami, H; Nabeta, C, 2019) |
| "Crohn's disease is frequently associated with hypocalcaemia following poor calcium intake and decreased intestinal calcium absorption due to malabsorption-related vitamin D deficiency." | ( Inayat, F; Khan, Z; Mohyudin, A; Saleem, S, 2019) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that can affect the gut from mouth to anus." | ( Balendran, K; Nawaraththne, NMM; Udumalagala, S, 2019) |
| "Paediatric Crohn's disease is associated with higher thromboxane levels." | ( Cierna, I; Durackova, Z; Dvorakova, M; Kolacek, M; Muchova, J; Paduchova, Z; Zitnanova, I, 2019) |
| "Crohn's disease is a pathological condition of the gastro-intestinal tract, causing severe transmural inflammation in the ileum and/or colon." | ( Allais, L; Bachert, C; Bracke, KR; Brusselle, GG; Cuvelier, CA; De Smet, R; De Vos, M; Devriese, S; Gonzales, GB; Laukens, D; Maes, T; Peeters, H; Van Crombruggen, K; Verschuere, S, 2020) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease that is frequently accompanied by aberrant healing and stricturing complications." | ( Cho, JH; Chu, J; Chuang, LS; Gettler, K; Giri, M; Kenigsberg, E; Ko, HM; Kugathasan, S; Merad, M; Morrison, JK; Nayar, S; Walker, LA, 2021) |
| "Crohn's disease is an inflammatory disease of the gut caused by a complex interplay among genetic, microbial, and environmental factors." | ( Aonuma, E; Arakawa, S; Ma, A; Matsuda, H; Nagaishi, T; Nemoto, Y; Nibe-Shirakihara, Y; Okamoto, R; Oshima, S; Otsubo, K; Shimizu, S; Tamura, A; Tsuchiya, K; Uo, M; Watanabe, M, 2022) |
| "Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that can involve any area in the gastrointestinal tract often involving the distal ileum where vitamin B12 is specifically absorbed." | ( Akbulut, S, 2022) |
| "European-derived Crohn's disease rare variants are even more rare in African Americans and contribute to disease risk mainly due to admixture, which needs to be accounted for when performing cross-ancestry genetic assessments." | ( Astore, C; Brant, SR; Cho, JH; Cutler, DJ; Gibson, G; Jordan, IK; Kugathasan, S; McGovern, DPB; Nagpal, S; Rioux, JD; Sharma, S, 2023) |
| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "The therapy of Crohn's disease in adolescence must balance the natural disease history of growth suppression, debilitation, and progression against possible drug-related adverse effects on growth and development." | ( Barnes, HV; Bayless, TM; Whittington, PF, 1977) |
| "Five patients with Crohn's disease for 4 months to 12 years were treated with metronidazole." | ( Kamme, C; Ursing, B, 1975) |
| "In 8 patients with active uncomplicated Crohn's disease who were not receiving any specific therapy, a clinical remission was induced with an elemental diet, and then an attempt was made to maintain this remission with levamisole." | ( Levi, AJ; Loewi, G; Segal, AW, 1977) |
| "9 patients with acute exacerbations of Crohn's disease were treated over 2." | ( Ammann, RW; Knoblauch, M; Müller-Schoop, J, 1978) |
| "In seven patients, six with Crohn's disease and one with pancreatitis, two methods of parenteral nutrition were compared: the partial consecutive administration of the components of a parenteral nutrition regimen versus the administration of all nutrients simultaneously." | ( Bos, LP; Nubé, M; Winkelman, A, 1979) |
| "Six patients with Crohn's disease and three healthy volunteers were treated with metronidazole." | ( Danielsson, D; Järnerot, G; Kjellander, J; Krook, A, 1979) |
| "Twenty-two patients with active Crohn's disease treated with salazosulfapyridin or prednisone, were in addition given metronidazole 1." | ( Blichfeldt, P; Blomhoff, JP; Gjone, E; Myhre, E, 1978) |
| "The acute phase of Crohn's disease in a 14 year old female was effectively treated with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and an elemental diet (ED)." | ( Böhles, H; Fekl, W; Heid, H; Koch, H, 1977) |
| "6 patients with Crohn's disease for 1-14 years have been treated with plasmapheresis for periods of up to 6 months." | ( Fisher, JA; Hamblin, TJ; Holdstock, GE; Loehry, C, 1979) |
| "Thirty-two patients with Crohn's disease were treated with a fibre-rich, unrefined-carbohydrate diet in addition to conventional management and followed for a mean of four years and four months." | ( Emmett, PM; Heaton, KW; Thornton, JR, 1979) |
| "Curative therapy of regional enteritis does not exist." | ( Brünner, H; Eckhardt, R; Ewe, K; Krieg, H, 1977) |
| "Ten patients with active Crohn's disease who have been managed with parenteral-nutrition therapy were administered a lipid emulsion either with [containing 0." | ( Hiwatashi, N; Ikehata, A; Ito, K; Kayaba, Y; Kinouchi, Y; Kumagai, Y; Toyota, T; Yamazaki, H, 1992) |
| "About 20% of patients with active Crohn's disease do not respond to acute-phase-therapy with glucocorticoids at an initial dose of 60 mg prednisolone-equivalent and stepwise dose reduction every week." | ( Hoffmann, R, 1992) |
| "Steroid therapy is often avoided in the Crohn's disease patient with a palpable abdominal mass, for fear of dissemination of infection, should the mass prove to contain an abscess." | ( Adler, DJ; Felder, JB; Korelitz, BI, 1991) |
| "The surgical treatment of Crohn's disease consists of resection of the lesions with anastomosis or ileostomy in case of total proctocolectomy." | ( Modigliani, R, 1991) |
| "Treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) in clinical remission is still a debated issue." | ( Barbara, L; Basso, O; Belluzzi, A; Brignola, C; Campieri, M; Gionchetti, P; Iannone, P; Miglioli, M; Pasquali, S, 1992) |
| "Thirty-four patients with active Crohn's disease completed a 4-week treatment course with an elemental diet." | ( Bjarnason, I; Levi, AJ; Pearson, M; Smethurst, P; Teahon, K, 1991) |
| "Sixteen patients with Crohn's disease who had symptoms uncontrolled by high-dose steroids (n = 11) or symptoms invariably appearing on reduction or withdrawal of immunosuppressive therapy (n = 5) were treated with elemental diet." | ( Cann, PA; Giaffer, MH; Holdsworth, CD; O'Brien, CJ, 1991) |
| "30 patients with active Crohn's disease, mean Crohn's Disease Activity Index 301 (SE 32), who would otherwise have been treated with steroids, were randomised to receive for 4 weeks either an elemental diet ('Vivonex') (n = 16) or a polymeric diet ('Fortison') (n = 14)." | ( Giaffer, MH; Holdsworth, CD; North, G, 1990) |
| "Sites of Crohn's disease at the start of 6-mercaptopurine therapy included 17 ileocolic, 9 pancolic, 7 small bowel, and 3 partial colon." | ( Aiges, H; Daum, F; Grancher, K; Markowitz, J; Rosa, J, 1990) |
| "There was a significant fall in Crohn's disease activity index values over the three week treatment period (193 (84) v 122 (51), p less than 0." | ( de Kaski, MC; Hodgson, HJ; Lavender, JP; Peters, AM, 1991) |
| "A patient with Crohn's disease of the colon developed severe abdominal pain after salicylicazosulfapyridine and after disodium azodisalicylate therapy." | ( Poldermans, D; van Blankenstein, M, 1988) |
| "In a prospective study 21 patients with Crohn's disease not responding to standard treatment (salazosulfapyridine and/or corticosteroids) received metronidazole in a dose of 12 to 20 mg per kg body weight over 6 and 12 months respectively." | ( Gugler, R; Jensen, JC; Schulte, H; Vogel, R, 1989) |
| "An enterovesical fistula in Crohn's disease rarely leads to serious complications and can often be treated successfully with medical therapy alone: by itself, it need not serve as an indication for surgery." | ( Korelitz, BI; Margolin, ML, 1989) |
| "The course of 205 patients with Crohn's disease at one gastroenterological center was studied in patients with conservative drug treatment or with operative management of their disease." | ( Dirks, E; Eigler, FW; Förster, S; Goebell, H; Quebe-Fehling, E; Schaarschmidt, K, 1989) |
| "A patient with Crohn's disease developed acute pancreatitis 4 h after retaking one 50 mg dose of orally administered 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP)." | ( Cappell, MS; Das, KM, 1989) |
| "Five patients with Crohn's colitis or ileocolitis (CD) refractory to conventional therapy were enrolled in an open trial with dapsone (100 mg/day)." | ( Argentieri, R; Bothamley, G; Levenstein, S; Mangiarotti, R; Prantera, C, 1989) |
| "Recurrent perineal Crohn's disease can be an extremely debilitating complication that may be difficult to treat." | ( Brady, CE; Cooley, BJ; Davis, JC, 1989) |
| "In six of the nine Crohn's disease patients with an initial Best index of greater than 150, a definite fall by at least 100 points was observed after 2-10 weeks of treatment, but the van Hees index declined only in two patients." | ( Ditschuneit, H; Fleig, WE; Rehklau, E; Stange, EF, 1989) |
| "Thirty-four patients with Crohn's disease fistulae were treated with 6-MP for a minimum period of 6 months." | ( Korelitz, BI; Present, DH, 1985) |
| "In the acute treatment of Crohn's disease, Pentasa and Salofalk seem to be more effective than placebo." | ( Martin, F, 1987) |
| "A 22-year-old woman with Crohn's disease was treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid (Claversal), four times 500 mg daily, because of increased inflammatory activity." | ( Becker, EW; Jenss, H; Weber, P, 1988) |
| "Twelve patients with severe Crohn's disease unresponsive to prednisone for two years were treated by twelve sessions of LCTPH over a three-week period." | ( Baumann, R; Bohbot, A; Duclos, B; Faradji, A; Lang, JM; Levy, S; Oberling, F; Weill, JP, 1988) |
| "Metastatic Crohn's disease is a rare cutaneous manifestation of intestinal Crohn's disease, for which existing treatment is unsatisfactory." | ( Duhra, P; Paul, CJ, 1988) |
| "However, some patients with Crohn's disease have low plasma concentrations of vitamin A and should be offered replacement therapy." | ( Norrby, S; Sjödahl, R; Tagesson, C, 1985) |
| "In five patients with Crohn's disease long-term therapy with metronidazole (400 mg b." | ( Gugler, R; Jensen, C; Leiss, O; Streicher, U; von Bergmann, K, 1985) |
| "In spite of folate therapy in Crohn's disease the supply situation was as bad." | ( Hages, M; Pietrzik, K, 1985) |
| "Patients with active Crohn's disease who responded favourably to medical treatment had significantly higher immunoglobulin levels than patients not responding." | ( Jarnum, S; Weeke, B, 1971) |
| "In the medically treated Crohn's disease patients, a significant negative correlation was found between H2O2 production by polymorphonuclear leucocytes and disease activity." | ( Mieremet-Ooms, MA; Peña, AS; Verspaget, HW; Weterman, IT, 1984) |
| "The majority of patients with duodenal Crohn's disease can be treated nonoperatively, with resolution of symptoms and roentgenographic healing of lesions." | ( Eliasoph, J; Fitzgibbons, TJ; Green, G; Halls, JM; Silberman, H; Yellin, AE, 1980) |
| "Causal therapy of Crohn's disease up to now cannot be achieved due to the unknown etiology." | ( Riemann, JF, 1981) |
| "Twenty patients with Crohn's disease were treated with metronidazole (Flagyl) or sulfasalazine (Salazopyrin)." | ( Danielsson, D; Järnerot, G; Kjellander, J, 1981) |
| "20 patients with Crohn's disease were entered into a prospective study, after they had been submitted to standard treatment of the acute phase." | ( Brandes, JW; Körst, HA; Littman, KP, 1982) |
| "26 children with acute symptoms of Crohn's disease were treated with steroids and sulfasalazine (group A, 9 patients), with an elementary diet and sulfasalazine (group B, 10 patients), or with an elementary diet together with steroids and sulfasalazine (group C, 7 patients)." | ( Nützenadel, W; Stober, B; Ullrich, F, 1983) |
| "In treatment of Crohn's disease, sulfasalazine has been shown to be effective when disease involves the colon or the colon and small intestine." | ( Das, KM, 1983) |
| "Improvement in Crohn's disease after drug therapy was evaluated in 38 patients with evidence of rectal disease at sigmoidoscopy in whom the rectum later appeared normal." | ( Korelitz, BI; Sommers, SC, 1984) |
| "As the etiology of Crohn's disease is still unknown, medical as well as surgical treatment has to be symptomatic." | ( Domschke, W, 1984) |
| "In 123 out-patients with Crohn's disease the reliability in taking the prescribed therapy with salazosulfapyridine (SASP) was studied over an one year period in a special out-patient clinic." | ( Degen, I; Ewe, K; Karbach, U, 1984) |
| "Acute exacerbations of Crohn's disease are usually treated with prednisolone or potentially more toxic immunosuppressive drugs or by surgery." | ( Levi, AJ; O'Moráin, C; Segal, AW, 1984) |
| "Nine of 14 patients with Crohn's disease underwent surgery as a diagnostic procedure in an acute abdominal emergency or for treatment of complications." | ( Al-Liddawi, H; Al-Nakib, B; Al-Ruwaih, A; Jacob, GS; Radhakrishnan, S, 1984) |
| "Patients with Crohn's disease had their possible sulphasalazine treatment stopped before the trial." | ( Binder, V; Elsborg, L; Greibe, J; Hendriksen, C; Høj, L; Jensen, KB; Kristensen, E; Madsen, JR; Marner, B; Riis, P; Willumsen, L, 1981) |
| "Patients with Crohn's disease are usually treated with metronidazole for long periods with the risk of selecting resistant bowel bacteria." | ( Danielsson, D; Kjellander, J; Krook, A, 1982) |
| "Eight patients with Crohn's disease and four control volunteers were administered chenodeoxycholic-11, 12-d2 acid." | ( Koga, T; Miwa, H; Nishida, T; Yamamoto, M; Yao, T, 1982) |
| "In those patients with Crohn's disease who failed to respond to corticosteroid therapy, adequate serum levels of prednisolone were achieved." | ( Halliday, JW; Powell, LW; Tanner, AR, 1981) |
| "A patient with regional enteritis and recurrent uric acid nephrolithiasis was treated with allopurinol." | ( Alexander, F; Dubb, JW; Moyer, TP; Roth, JL; Smith, LH; Stote, RM, 1980) |
| "Azathioprine, an effective therapy for Crohn's disease, is limited by a prolonged time to response." | ( Lipsky, JJ; Mays, DC; Sandborn, WJ; Tremaine, WJ; Van O, EC; Zins, BJ, 1995) |
| "Twenty nine children with Crohn's disease were studied before and after treatment with steroids or an elemental diet to assess the effect of disease activity and treatment on serum insulin like growth factor I (IGF-I), insulin like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP-1), and insulin concentrations." | ( Holly, JM; Miller, V; Taylor, F; Thomas, AG, 1993) |
| "Five patients with active Crohn's disease (activity index (CDAI) scores of 235-517), were treated with interferon alpha-2b for 12 weeks." | ( Bonnevie-Nielsen, V; Davidsen, B; Krarup, H; Munkholm, P; Nielsen, OH; Schlichting, P, 1995) |
| "The activity of Crohn's disease was similar in both groups before the commencement of the treatment." | ( Mäki, M; Ormälä, T; Ruuska, T; Savilahti, E; Visakorpi, JK, 1994) |
| "The mean (+/- SE) score on the Crohn's Disease Activity Index after 16 weeks of treatment was significantly lower in the methotrexate group (162 +/- 12) than in the placebo group (204 +/- 17, P = 0." | ( Feagan, BG; Fedorak, RN; Gillies, R; Greenberg, GR; Hopkins, M; Irvine, EJ; Rochon, J; Steinhart, AH; Sutherland, L; Wild, G, 1995) |
| "A 19 year old man with a history of Crohn's disease treated with azathioprine and prednisone, died after a primary infection with Epstein-Barr virus." | ( Kluin, PM; Kluin-Nelemans, JC; Lamers, CB; Posthuma, EF; van der Sluys Veer, A; Westendorp, RG, 1995) |
| "A patient with severe Crohn's disease was treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA)." | ( Koch, KM; Olbricht, CJ; Witte, T, 1994) |
| "Seventy patients with active Crohn's disease were treated with methylprednisolone 40 mg/day i." | ( Barbara, L; Belloli, C; Belluzzi, A; Brignola, C; Campieri, M; De Simone, G; Gionchetti, P; Iannone, P, 1994) |
| "Of 238 patients with Crohn's disease seen at our clinics from April 1973 to August 1988, 203 patients were selected for this study, since they fulfilled the following criteria: they had been followed up for more than 6 months as outpatients or had been treated as inpatients for more than 1 month." | ( Fuchigami, T; Iida, M; Imamura, K; Maeda, K; Okada, M; Okada, Y; Sakamoto, K; Sakurai, T; Yao, T; Yoshinaga, K, 1994) |
| "Both patients with perianal Crohn's disease had a mild clinical course with healing of parastomal pyoderma gangrenosum when treated with steroids with and without low-dose cyclosporin A." | ( Hughes, LE; Tjandra, JJ, 1994) |
| "Patients with active Crohn's disease are often treated with corticosteroids, but the treatment has many side effects." | ( Danielsson, A; Goebell, H; Jewell, D; Lamers, C; Löfberg, R; Lorenz-Meyer, H; Malchow, H; Olaison, G; Rutgeerts, P; Thomsen, OO, 1994) |
| "In severely active Crohn's disease, systemic corticosteroids have to be administered." | ( Halter, F; Schmassmann, A, 1993) |
| "We treated two patients with Crohn's disease and one patient with ulcerative colitis who developed headache, papilledema, and intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri) during corticosteroid withdrawal." | ( Bienfang, DC; Kay, MD; Liu, GT; Schatz, NJ, 1994) |
| "Long-term corticosteroid therapy for Crohn's disease is associated with important types of morbidity, such as osteoporosis." | ( Archambault, A; Feagan, BG; Fedorak, RN; Gillies, R; Groll, A; Kinnear, D; Laupacis, A; McDonald, JW; Rochon, J; Saibil, F, 1994) |
| "Mean Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) decreased marginally after 8 weeks of 5-ASA treatment (delta = -48 +/- 38." | ( Griffiths, A; Koletzko, S; Marcon, M; Sherman, P; Sylvester, F, 1993) |
| "Patients with Crohn's disease who suffer from longstanding diarrhoea that does not respond to conventional treatment pose a common clinical problem." | ( Eastwood, MA; Merrick, MV; Nyhlin, H, 1994) |
| "Sixteen Crohn's disease patients with active fistula who had failed standard medical therapy were treated with intravenous cyclosporine." | ( Lichtiger, S; Present, DH, 1994) |
| "Two patients with recurrent Crohn's disease in the reservoir after ileoanal anastomosis were treated with azathioprine for 18 and 24 months, respectively." | ( Berrebi, W; Bruhl, AL; Chaussade, S; Couturier, D; Hautefeuille, P; Pariente, A; Valleur, P, 1993) |
| "When treating patients with Crohn's disease (CD), external or internal fistulas connected to the intestine were encountered, and these were often difficult to diagnose correctly." | ( Matsui, T; Oda, H; Sakurai, T; Takemura, S; Takenaka, K; Yao, T, 1993) |
| "Current long-term treatment of Crohn's disease is unsatisfactory." | ( Hanauer, SB; Krawitt, EL; Rick, GG; Robinson, M; Safdi, MA, 1993) |
| "Based on the improvement of Crohn's disease (CD) with elemental diets, we treated a patient with recurrent stenosing disease using prednisolone and drastic reduction of oral lipid intake." | ( Ali, S; Giles, A; Kaczmar, A; Roediger, WE, 1993) |
| "Sixty three patients with active Crohn's disease were treated with a 12 weeks diminishing dose of prednisolone and at the same time entered into a randomised, double blind 15 month trial of either azathioprine (2." | ( Adams, G; Candy, S; Gerber, M; Gerig, M; Goodman, R; Wright, J, 1995) |
| "European Crohn's Disease Study we observed under therapy with 4 g/day Mesalazine (Pentasa) a strong diffuse hair loss on two female patients which disappeared again after discontinuation of therapy." | ( Netzer, P, 1995) |
| "Twelve patients with inflammatory Crohn's disease were treated for 6 wk with oral cyclosporine 8 mg/kg/day, adjusted to a whole blood cyclosporine concentration (chromatography) of 200-300 ng/ml." | ( Lawson, GM; Sandborn, WJ; Tremaine, WJ, 1996) |
| "A 19-year-old woman with active Crohn's disease under immunosuppressive therapy underwent scintigraphy with 99mTc-anti-NCA-95 antigranulocyte antibodies in order to determine the extent of inflammation." | ( Emrich, D; Ivancević, V; Kaufmann, C; Munz, DL; Ramadori, G; Sandrock, D; Schwörer, H, 1995) |
| "One hundred fifty patients with active Crohn's disease were administered oral prednisolone (1 mg." | ( Belaïche, J; Cadiot, G; Colombel, JF; Costil, V; Danne, O; Dapoigny, M; Duclos, B; Dupas, JL; Galmiche, JP; Gendre, JP; Lamouliatte, H; Mary, JY; Modigliani, R; Soulé, JC; Veyrac, M, 1996) |
| "The outcome of treatment of perianal Crohn's disease was assessed in 127 patients." | ( Keenan, RA; McKee, RF, 1996) |
| "For all patients, the Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) (score range 0-100) had a mean value of 55 (range 40-65) just before treatment; PCDAI improved to a mean of 19 (range 5-42." | ( Hassall, E; Israel, DM; Mahdi, G, 1996) |
| "Patients with Crohn's disease of the ileum or with intestinal ileac by-pass or with colestyramine treatment or with disturbance of vitamin B12-absorption or with cystic fibrosis showed a disturbance of bile acid absorption." | ( Bodenmüller, D; Fängewisch, GL; Grebe, SF; Grebe, SK; Heckers, H; Müller, H; Müller, KD; Rinkenberger, C; Sattler, EL; Steckenmesser, R, 1996) |
| "Eleven patients with Crohn's disease in remission who were receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) underwent continuous intragastric 24-h pH monitoring before and during ranitidine administration." | ( Arita, M; Matsui, T; Motomura, A; Sakurai, T; Takeyama, Y; Yao, T, 1996) |
| "In patients with Crohn's colitis or ileocolitis, or in those with ileitis, no statistically significant differences were noted with respect to the relapse rates between the 5-ASA and the placebo treatment groups." | ( Adler, M; Bailey, RJ; Rachmilewitz, D; Thomson, AB; Vatn, M; Wilson-Lynch, KA; Wright, JP, 1995) |
| "In the second patient, Crohn's disease was less severe and remission occurred without treatment." | ( Abboud, P; Messing, B; Napoléone, C; Quéreux, C; Wahl, P; Zeitoun, P, 1996) |
| "Eight patients with Crohn's disease known to have had granulomata in the intestine and not currently treated with corticosteroids, and two healthy controls." | ( Forbes, A; Halpern, S; Lee, JC; Lennard-Jones, JE; Lowe, DG, 1996) |
| "Antiinflammatory treatment for Crohn's disease was given and the gastrointestinal and articular symptoms improved, excretion of 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid returned to normal and there was no relapse of pellagra." | ( Abu-Qurshin, R; Eldar, S; Naschitz, JE; Nash, E; Yeshurun, D; Zuckermann, E, 1997) |
| "In a 23 year old man, who had colonic Crohn's disease treated by colectomy 3 years earlier, a phimosis revealed a penile localisation of Crohn's disease." | ( Bisiau, S; Bloget, F; Cortot, A; Delaporte, E; Gosselin, B; Mazeman, E, 1996) |
| "A child with colitis was treated for Crohn's disease, diagnosed on history, clinical and colonoscopic findings, radiolabelled white cell bowel scan, and colonic histology." | ( Abinun, MA; Cant, AJ; Eastham, E; Hoare, S; Walsh, JE, 1997) |
| "In children with Crohn's disease measurements were done when the disease was acute and repeated at one and three months after treatment with either prednisolone or enteral nutrition." | ( Azcue, M; Griffiths, A; Pencharz, PB; Rashid, M, 1997) |
| "In all patients studied, simple Crohn's disease activity index, nutritional status (expressed as body mass index), percentage of ideal body weight, fat mass, fat free mass, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, interleukin-6, intestinal permeability (expressed as permeability index), prealbumin, retinol binding protein and multiskin test were evaluated before and after treatment." | ( Bernardi, M; Biagi, PL; Carè, M; Gasbarrini, G; Parazza, M; Spanò, C; Zoli, G, 1997) |
| "A case is reported where intractable Crohn's disease responded to chemotherapy for breast carcinoma." | ( Rieger, N; Stahl, J; Wattchow, D, 1997) |
| "The treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease shares certain common principles." | ( Beglinger, C, 1997) |
| "An 18-year-old male patient treated for Crohn's disease for 3 years developed buccal manifestations." | ( Lambert, F; Reychler, H, 1997) |
| "To ascertain whether patients with Crohn's disease treated with azathioprine maintained bone mineral mass better than patients treated with steroids alone." | ( Ahrén, B; Bartosik, J; Bengtsson, M; Florén, CH; Obrant, K, 1998) |
| "The medical management of Crohn's disease has changed in recent years, but the mainstay of treatment is still prednisone." | ( Tytgat, GN; van Deventer, SJ, 1998) |
| "Men with Crohn's disease (CD) are at risk of osteoporosis, but the factors contributing to low bone mineral density and its optimum treatment have not been established." | ( Abrams, K; Al-Azzawi, F; Iqbal, SJ; Mayberry, JF; Robinson, RJ, 1998) |
| "A 65-year-old man with Crohn's disease died of acute myeloblastic leukemia after treatment for 11." | ( Heizer, WD; Peterson, JL, 1998) |
| "The diagnosis of Crohn's disease of the vulva was suggested by the characteristic lesions, presence of epithelioid and giant cell granuloma at histology examination of the vulva specimen and finally on rapidly favorable course after treatment with sulfasalazine." | ( Ben Osman, A; Fenniche, S; Haouet, S; Mokni, M, 1997) |
| "Twenty-four patients with active Crohn's disease were randomized to treatment with either budesonide or 6-methylprednisolone." | ( Bakos, S; Dejaco, C; Gangl, A; Gasche, C; Lichtenberger, C; Lochs, H; Moser, G; Reinisch, W; Tillinger, W; Vogelsang, H, 1998) |
| "In 3 of 4 patients with Crohn's disease intravenous cyclosporine led to a temporary improvement of the Crohn's disease activity index (before treatment: 343 +/- 43, after one week: 194 +/- 20; p < 0." | ( Dejaco, C; Gangl, A; Gasché, C; Moser, G; Novacek, G; Reinisch, W; Tillinger, W; Vogelsang, H, 1998) |
| "Seventy patients with chronic active Crohn's disease (Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) greater than 150) were randomised for treatment with azathioprine/cortisone or MMF/cortisone." | ( Krummenauer, F; Meyer zum Büschenfelde, KH; Neurath, MF; Peters, M; Schlaak, JF; Wanitschke, R, 1999) |
| "Treatment of chronic active Crohn's disease with MMF plus cortisone appears to be effective and well tolerated and should be considered in patients allergic to azathioprine or in whom azathioprine has failed." | ( Krummenauer, F; Meyer zum Büschenfelde, KH; Neurath, MF; Peters, M; Schlaak, JF; Wanitschke, R, 1999) |
| "Systemic hGR levels in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) treated with steroids (66." | ( Andus, T; Gross, V; Lang, B; Lingauer, A; Meinel, A; Michl, J; Palitzsch, KD; Rogler, G; Schölmerich, J; Zietz, B, 1999) |
| "Nineteen patients with quiescent Crohn's disease and 14 HS were studied; all patients were steroid-free for at least six months; 7 of the 19 were corticosteroid-dependent (CSD) and treated with nonglucocorticoid immunosuppressants at the time of the study." | ( Belaiche, J; Chrousos, G; Dewe, W; Dupont, P; Franchimont, D; Geenen, V; Louis, E; Vrindts-Gevaert, Y, 1999) |
| "Twenty-two patients with refractory Crohn's disease (Crohn's Disease Activity Index [CDAI] > 200 and/or draining perianal disease) initiated therapy with thalidomide, 200 mg at bedtime (18 patients), or 300 mg at bedtime (4 patients)." | ( Cohen, LB; Cohen, RD; Ehrenpreis, ED; Hanauer, SB; Kane, SV, 1999) |
| "89 patients with active Crohn's disease (CDAI > 150) were included in a multicenter trial of azathioprine therapy during one year." | ( Ludwig, D; Stange, EF, 1999) |
| "The diagnosis of Crohn's disease had been made at least two years ago, and all patients had received systemic high-dose steroid therapy during the previous year." | ( Adler, G; Böhm, BO; Brückel, J; Klaus, J; Reinshagen, M; Rieber, A; Scholer, A; von Tirpitz, C, 2000) |
| "No other treatments for Crohn's disease were permitted." | ( Feagan, BG; Fedorak, RN; Greenberg, GR; Hanauer, SB; Hopkins, M; Irvine, EJ; Koval, J; McDonald, JW; Steinhart, AH; Sutherland, L; Wild, G; Wong, CJ, 2000) |
| "In patients with Crohn's disease who enter remission after treatment with methotrexate, a low dose of methotrexate maintains remission." | ( Feagan, BG; Fedorak, RN; Greenberg, GR; Hanauer, SB; Hopkins, M; Irvine, EJ; Koval, J; McDonald, JW; Steinhart, AH; Sutherland, L; Wild, G; Wong, CJ, 2000) |
| "Myelosuppression in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) treated with azathioprine has been attributed to low activity of thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT)." | ( Bonaz, B; Broly, F; Catala, P; Colombel, JF; Debuysere, H; Ferrari, N; Gendre, JP; Libersa, C; Marteau, P; Modigliani, R; Soulé, JC; Touze, Y, 2000) |
| "Twenty-five patients with active Crohn's disease were treated with oral clarithromycin 250 mg b." | ( Leiper, K; Morris, AI; Rhodes, JM, 2000) |
| "After treatment of the Crohn's disease, he resumed normal growth and progressed through puberty." | ( Berdon, W; Bilezikian, JP; Gertner, JM; Harbison, M; Horlick, M; Levine, LS; Levy, J; Oberfield, SE; Thearle, M, 2000) |
| "A total of 49 patients with Crohn's disease who were treated with methotrexate for > or =6 months were studied." | ( Bouhnik, Y; Colombel, JF; Cortot, A; Cosnes, J; Lémann, M; Mesnard, B; Modigliani, R; Rambaud, JC; Zenjari, T, 2000) |
| "Thirty-two patients with Crohn's disease in clinical remission (CDAI < 150) were randomly treated for six months with either mesalamine 1 g three times a day or mesalamine 1 g two times a day plus a preparation of Saccharomyces boulardii 1 g daily." | ( Guslandi, M; Mezzi, G; Sorghi, M; Testoni, PA, 2000) |
| "Long-term therapy with methotrexate in Crohn's disease is safe, effective, steroid-sparing, and most efficacious in younger patients and when given parenterally." | ( Chong, RY; Cohen, RD; Hanauer, SB, 2001) |
| "Radiographic and endoscopic findings of Crohn's disease are discussed; a practical approach to the selection of radiologic modalities is presented; and the role of endoscopy in diagnosis and treatment is explained." | ( Birnbaum, BA; Ginsberg, GG; Rubesin, SE; Scotiniotis, I, 2001) |
| "Trials of maintenance therapy in Crohn's disease are often underpowered, and there is need for objective markers of relapse." | ( Arnott, ID; Drummond, HE; Ghosh, S, 2001) |
| "In 39 patients with Crohn's disease, we assessed intestinal permeability before after treatment with an elemental diet, and during remission." | ( Hobara, R; Hokama, M; Ito, I; Ito, T; Iwata, M; Kamiya, M; Matsuura, Y; Misawa, M; Mizuta, S; Nagasaka, M; Nakano, H; Saito, T; Takahama, K; Watanabe, M, 2001) |
| "Patients with Crohn's disease, who do not respond to medical treatment or present signs of stenosis in either the small or the large bowel, must be given surgical treatment, although an operation is less curative than in ulcerative colitis." | ( Binder, V; Munkholm, P, 2001) |
| "Reversal of severe Crohn's disease has been achieved in 6/12 patients using prolonged combination anti-Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis therapy alone." | ( Borody, TJ; Leis, S; Surace, R; Warren, EF, 2002) |
| "Paratuberculosis treatment in Crohn's disease patients using an open clinical trial." | ( El-Zaatari, FA; Kugler, L; Naser, SA; Sandoval, J; Shafran, I, 2002) |
| "Active (Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) 200-350), steroid dependent (prednisone 10-40 mg) Crohn's patients were randomised into three treatment groups: placebo versus ISIS 2302 (2 mg/kg intravenously three times a week) for two or four weeks." | ( Baerg, R; Buchman, AL; Chey, WY; Gibiansky, E; Goff, J; Salzberg, B; Shanahan, WR; Tami, J; Yacyshyn, BR; Yu, R, 2002) |
| "Some patients with Crohn's disease (CD) do not respond to corticosteroid therapy." | ( Andus, T; Bregenzer, N; Gelbmann, CM; Gierend, M; Gross, V; Rogler, G; Schölmerich, J, 2002) |
| "In patients with Crohn's disease on long term azathioprine therapy, it is clear that myelosuppression, particularly leucopenia, is caused by other factors in addition to variable TPMT activity and therefore monitoring of blood cell counts throughout treatment is essential." | ( Lennard, L, 2002) |
| "Treatment of symptomatic Crohn's disease with budesonide CIR capsules (9 mg daily) was safe, and remission rates were similar to those achieved in previous trials." | ( Hanauer, SB; Katz, S; Levine, JG; Persson, A; Persson, T; Tremaine, WJ; Winston, BD, 2002) |
| "We report for the first time that Crohn's disease patients with TPMT deficiency can be successfully treated with AZA." | ( Deflandre, J; Eichelbaum, M; Graepler, F; Gregor, M; Hindorf, U; Kaskas, BA; Louis, E; Schaeffeler, E; Schmiegelow, K; Schwab, M; Zanger, UM, 2003) |
| "The standard therapy in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis is based on corticosteroids and aminosalicylates." | ( Stange, EF, 2002) |
| "In patients Crohn's disease azathioprine treatment increases the risk of opportunistic infection by Herpesvirus." | ( Bernal, I; Cabré, E; Domènech, E; García-Planella, E; Gassull, MA, 2003) |
| "Since IBD and especially Crohn's disease can effect the whole body, detailed analysis of inflammatory organ involvement is necessary before therapy." | ( Göke, B; Ochsenkühn, T; Sackmann, M, 2003) |
| "190 patients with known Crohn's disease were studied following small bowel enteroclysis, after oral administration or direct transduodenal filling in the MRI-department." | ( Göke, B; Helmberger, T; Herrmann, K; Holzknecht, N; Ochsenkühn, T; Reiser, M, 2003) |
| "Six of the seven patients with Crohn's disease and eight of the 13 patients with ulcerative colitis responded to treatment, with a decrease in the Crohn's disease activity index of > 70 points and a decrease in the clinical activity index of > 4 points, respectively." | ( Andus, T; Bregenzer, N; Klebl, F; Rogler, G; Schölmerich, J; Straub, RH, 2003) |
| "The main standards of Crohn's disease therapy are presented on the bases of the small bowel Crohn's disease." | ( Nagy, F, 2002) |
| "We present the case of a patient with Crohn's disease under immunosuppressive therapy who developed a spontaneous covered spleen rupture in the course of a septic shock with DIG due to a Varizella zoster infection." | ( Arnold, R; Diedrich, J; Eissele, R; Görg, C, 2003) |
| "In patients with active Crohn's disease, abundant M-DC8(+) cells were detectable in inflamed ileal mucosa, which were entirely depleted after systemic steroid treatment." | ( Baeuerle, PA; Baretton, G; de Baey, A; Diepolder, HM; Greiner, A; Hartl, WH; Mende, I, 2003) |
| "This report reviews the literature on Crohn's disease and presents a patient with Crohn's disease on continuous anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive medication who showed adverse healing response following surgical treatment of gingival recession type defects." | ( Andersen, KM; Leknes, KN; Selvig, KA, 2003) |
| "The aetiology of Crohn's disease still remains obscure, therefore medical therapy is directed towards symptomatic relief in active disease and relapse prevention in the long-term setting." | ( Löfberg, R, 2003) |
| "The aetiology of Crohn's disease is unknown and therefore no curative treatments are available for the disease." | ( Biancone, L; De Nigris, F; Fantini, M; Fina, D; Geremia, A; Pallone, F; Tosti, C, 2003) |
| "Cutaneous or metastatic Crohn's disease is a rare complication of Crohn's disease and is frequently refractory to medical treatment." | ( Konrad, A; Seibold, F, 2003) |
| "In patients with stable Crohn's disease, the oral bioavailability of methotrexate is highly variable and averages 73% of that of subcutaneous administration." | ( Almog, S; Bar-Meir, S; Chowers, Y; Fishbein, E; Halkin, H; Kurnik, D; Loebstein, R, 2003) |
| "In a 36-year-old male with ileocolic Crohn's disease (CD) no long-lasting remission was obtained by treatment with corticosteroids, mesalazine, azathioprine and antibiotics." | ( Bertz, H; Finke, J; Kreisel, W; Potthoff, K; Rasenack, J; Ruf, G; Schmitt-Graeff, A, 2003) |
| "Forty-eight patients with Crohn's disease and draining perianal or enterocutaneous fistulas were randomized to treatment with oral tacrolimus 0." | ( Feagan, BG; Galanko, J; Greenberg, E; Hanauer, SB; Isaacs, KL; Johnson, T; Martin, C; Mayer, L; Present, DH; Sandborn, WJ; Sandler, RS; Wolf, DC, 2003) |
| "They currently treat these Crohn's disease patients with oral mesalamine and antibiotics." | ( Feagan, BG; Sandborn, WJ, 2003) |
| "The clinical course of Crohn's disease after the induction of remission with medical therapy is characterized by unpredictable relapse." | ( Bitton, A; Thomson, AB; Waschke, KA; Wild, GE, 2003) |
| "Thirty patients with active Crohn's disease were treated with a 10 week course of prednisone using a tapering dosing regimen." | ( Bitton, A; Thomson, AB; Waschke, KA; Wild, GE, 2003) |
| "An open prospective study was made on Crohn's disease patients treated with TG." | ( Belaiche, J; Boitard, J; Bonaz, B; Cadiot, G; Coffin, B; Colombel, JF; Cortot, A; Flourié, B; Lémann, M; Marteau, P; Metman, EH, 2003) |
| "Forty-nine Crohn's disease patients (36 women, 13 men; intolerance: n = 39; resistance: n= 10) were treated with TG (20 mg/day)." | ( Belaiche, J; Boitard, J; Bonaz, B; Cadiot, G; Coffin, B; Colombel, JF; Cortot, A; Flourié, B; Lémann, M; Marteau, P; Metman, EH, 2003) |
| "Therapy for Crohn's disease must involve treating comorbid conditions to improve the quality of life of patients." | ( Cronau, H; Greenberg, G; Knutson, D, 2003) |
| "Patients with active CD ileocolitis without steroid pretreatment were treated with 3x2 mg ( n=39), 3x3 mg ( n=33), or 3x6 mg ( n=32) oral pH-modified released budesonide daily." | ( Adler, G; Andus, T; Caesar, I; Gierend, M; Gross, V; Herfarth, H; Malchow, H; Petri, A; Schölmerich, J; Vogelsang, H, 2004) |
| "The primary treatment of regional enteritis remains medical." | ( LASKIN, MM, 1964) |
| "Twenty-five patients with active Crohn's disease requiring systemic glucocorticoid treatment (prednisolone, 60 mg/day) were investigated." | ( Adler, G; Brinskelle-Schmal, N; Epp, S; Hawa, G; Hofbauer, LC; Klaus, J; Kratzer, W; Mason, R; Reinshagen, M; von Tirpitz, C, 2003) |
| "In the cases of Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis administered anti-TNF-alpha, chemoprophylaxis is necessary for those who show healing of TB despite those who are suspected of having TB infection by a tuberculin test." | ( Yamagishi, F, 2003) |
| "Twenty patients with complicated Crohn's disease were treated with mycophenolate mofetil, 1 g b." | ( Aichbichler, BW; Fickert, P; Hinterleitner, TA; Petritsch, W; Wenzl, HH, 2004) |
| "A case of intractable Crohn's disease unresponsive to all forms of therapy, including multiple operations and medication, is reported." | ( Hershfield, NB, 2004) |
| "Remission (Crohn's Disease Activity Index < or = 150) was seen at 8 weeks in 12/22 (55%) patients treated with budesonide and in 17/24 (71%) patients receiving prednisolone (difference -16%; 95% CI -45,13; P = 0." | ( Escher, JC, 2004) |
| "Patients with Crohn's disease in remission after >2 years of continuous azathioprine treatment will benefit from further continued treatment." | ( Dahlerup, JF; Fallingborg, J; Grønbaek, K; Munck, LK; Nørregaard, P; Vilien, M, 2004) |
| "Paediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index, nutritional and activity serum variables, and ileocolonoscopy (with histology) were evaluated before and 8 weeks after beginning the therapy." | ( Barbato, M; Bascietto, C; Borrelli, O; Bosco, S; Bueno de Mesquita, M; Cucchiara, S; Mancini, V; Viola, F, 2004) |
| "After 6 months of therapy, Paediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index was markedly lower than the pre-treatment value; however, it was significantly lower in patients on retreatment than in those who received only three infusions of infliximab." | ( Barbato, M; Bascietto, C; Borrelli, O; Bosco, S; Bueno de Mesquita, M; Cucchiara, S; Mancini, V; Viola, F, 2004) |
| "In children with severe Crohn's disease, infliximab is a safe and valuable treatment in inducing remission, in healing inflammatory lesions of the gut, as documented by endoscopy and histology, and in promoting growth." | ( Barbato, M; Bascietto, C; Borrelli, O; Bosco, S; Bueno de Mesquita, M; Cucchiara, S; Mancini, V; Viola, F, 2004) |
| "The etiology of Crohn's disease remains uncertain, and to date no therapy is curative." | ( Greenberg, GR, 2004) |
| "The clinical management of Crohn's disease can be considered in relation to the treatment of acute disease and the maintenance of remission." | ( Kamm, MA, 2004) |
| "Although standard medical therapy in Crohn's disease is efficient in most patients, a substantial proportion of patients suffering from chronic active disease do not adequately respond to standard therapy." | ( Folwaczny, C; Siveke, JT, 2004) |
| "Some cases of Crohn's disease could be treated with anti-TNFalpha antibodies that successfully treat the relapses of disease." | ( Chojnacki, J; Gil, J; Wichan, P; Wojtuń, S, 2004) |
| "Ciprofloxacin is effective in perianal Crohn's disease but after treatment discontinuation symptoms reoccur." | ( Drapers, JA; Felt-Bersma, RJ; Hansen, BE; Kuipers, EJ; van der Woude, CJ; van Tilburg, AJ; West, RL, 2004) |
| "We report two cases of Crohn's disease which occurred a few months after interferon and ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis C." | ( Desurmont, P; Filoche, B; Hamdan-Khalil, R; Khalil, A; Lucidarme, D, 2005) |
| "Steroid-dependent Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients receiving either azathioprine or not (treated later with a daily dose of 2." | ( Bessard, G; Bonaz, B; Chartier, A; Faucheron, JL; Hardy, G; Helluwaert, F; Phelip, JM; Roblin, X; Serre-Debeauvais, F, 2005) |
| "The understanding of Crohn's disease as a CD1-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity to certain food additives would lead to strong emphasis on a dietary treatment." | ( Traunmüller, F, 2005) |
| "Despite advances in treatment for Crohn's disease (CD), some patients suffer from chronic pain." | ( Binion, DG; Cross, RK; Wilson, KT, 2005) |
| "We describe two patients with Crohn's disease treated with low-dose 6-thioguanine during all trimesters of their pregnancies." | ( de Boer, NK; Mulder, CJ; Remmink, AJ; Van Bodegraven, AA; Van Elburg, RM; Van Vugt, JM; Wilhelm, AJ, 2005) |
| "Systemic corticosteroid therapy for Crohn's disease is associated with increased risk for intra-abdominal or pelvic abscess." | ( Agrawal, A; Durrani, S; Ellis, A; Leiper, K; Morris, AI; Rhodes, JM, 2005) |
| "For the maintenance, patients with Crohn's disease were treated with methotrexate (15 mg/wk) and patients with ulcerative colitis were treated with azathioprine (2." | ( Barta, Z; Tóth, L; Zeher, M, 2006) |
| "Tracheal stenosis was attributed to Crohn's disease after exclusion of other possible causes and oral and inhaled steroids were administered." | ( Ernst, A; Giannikaki, E; Lambiri, I; Plataki, M; Siafakas, NM; Tzortzaki, E, 2006) |
| "We describe three patients with Crohn's disease and autoimmune hepatitis who were treated with AZA throughout all trimesters of their pregnancies." | ( de Boer, NK; de Graaf, P; Jarbandhan, SV; Mulder, CJ; van Bodegraven, AA; van Elburg, RM, 2006) |
| "We report a case of Crohn's disease which was refractory to the conventional treatment." | ( Akman, SA; Arikan, C; Oztürk, C; Sözen, G; Yağci, RV, 2006) |
| "Current therapy for moderate to severe Crohn's disease is based on 'step-up' algorithms, which initiate treatment with corticosteroids followed by immunomodulatory agents, and defer therapy with biological agents until patients become refractory to conventional therapeutics." | ( Hommes, D; Löwenberg, M; Peppelenbosch, M, 2006) |
| "Cases were 33 patients with Crohn's disease treated with azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine and in stable remission for at least 6 months." | ( Brullet, E; Calvet, X; Campo, R; Casellas, F; Coronas, R; Gallardo, O; Montserrat, A; Torrejón, A; Vergara, M, 2006) |
| "Other therapy for Crohn's disease that was at a stable dose for 4 wk prior to enrollment was continued at the same doses." | ( Bingaman, S; Mauger, D; Rogosnitzky, M; Smith, JP; Stock, H; Zagon, IS, 2007) |
| "A substantial number of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) become dependent on steroids after induction therapy." | ( Chebli, JM; Chebli, LA; De Souza, AF; Felga, GE; Forn, CG; Gaburri, PD; Pimentel, CF; Pinto, AL, 2007) |
| "To report unique scarring in Crohn's disease patients treated with anti-Mycobacterium avium ss paratuberculosis therapy." | ( Bilkey, S; Borody, TJ; Leis, S; Pang, G; Tye, S; Wettstein, AR, 2007) |
| "Fourteen patients with active Crohn's disease (12 with ileocolonic, one with colonic, one with small bowel type) were treated with oral clarithromycin 200 mg twice daily for 4 weeks." | ( Chiba, T; Inoue, S; Kasahara, K; Kitamura, H; Matsuura, M; Mikami, S; Nakase, H; Tamaki, H; Ueno, S; Uza, N, 2007) |
| "Infliximab, an effective drug in Crohn's disease, could be a promising treatment option for severe cases." | ( Ratzinger, G; Sepp, N; Tilg, H; Vogetseder, W, 2007) |
| "We describe a patient with Crohn's disease, treated with azathioprine, who developed peliosis hepatis after three epsiodes of alcohol binging." | ( Elsing, C; Herrmann, T; Placke, J, 2007) |
| "Although the treatment of Crohn's disease has improved significantly during past decade, the treatment of intestinal BD is still problematic." | ( Kim, HJ; Lee, CK, 2007) |
| "Most patients who have active Crohn's disease are treated initially with corticosteroids." | ( Baert, F; Caenepeel, P; Coche, JR; D'Haens, G; De Vos, M; Donner, A; Feagan, BG; Hommes, D; Lambrecht, GL; Mana, F; Ochsenkühn, T; Rutgeerts, P; Stitt, L; Tuynman, H; van Assche, G; van Bodegraven, AA; Van De Mierop, FJ; van der Woude, J; van Deventer, S; Van Hootegem, PP; Vergauwe, P; Vermeire, S, 2008) |
| "A pediatric patient with Crohn's disease and colitis with cryptitis developed a prolonged Q-T interval within 48 hours of treatment with ciprofloxacin." | ( Knorr, JP; Moshfeghi, M; Sokoloski, MC, 2008) |
| "Azathioprine (AZA) withdrawal in Crohn's disease after long-term remission under treatment is controversial." | ( Bouhnik, Y; Colombel, JF; Cosnes, J; Duclos, B; Lemann, M; Lerebours, E; Mary, JY; Soule, JC; Treton, X, 2009) |
| "Treating Crohn's disease may lead to improvement in steroid-resistant myositis where the two are associated." | ( Danko, K; Dezso, B; Gunasekera, W; Kulcsar, I; Lukacs, S; Nagy-Toldi, A; Szabo, N, 2009) |
| "Perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease (PFCD) treatment is based on fistula drainage, antibiotics, immunosuppressant (IS) drugs, and infliximab." | ( Koning, E; Lerebours, E; Michot, F; Savoye, G; Savoye-Collet, C; Tougeron, D, 2009) |
| "He had been known to suffer from Crohn's disease and received immunosuppressive treatment with azathioprine." | ( Encke, J; Filusch, A; Hartschuh, W; Konstandin, M; Sauer, P; Sauerbrei, A; Schnitzler, P; Springfeld, C; Stremmel, W, 2009) |
| "The therapy of Crohn's disease depends on its disease activity." | ( Rogler, G; Vavricka, SR, 2009) |
| "A thirty five-year-old man with Crohn's disease who was treated with mesalazine complained fever and dry cough." | ( Chang, R; Chang, YW; Dong, SH; Hwangbo, Y; Jang, JY; Kim, BH; Kim, HJ; Park, JE, 2009) |
| "We present the case of an adult Crohn's disease patient with a parvovirus B19 infection and leukopenia during long-term AZA therapy." | ( de Boer, NK; Kanis, BM; van Asseldonk, DP; van Bodegraven, AA, 2009) |
| "Step-up therapy in Crohn's disease refers to the classic therapeutic approach resulting in progressive increase of therapies with the increasing severity of the disease." | ( Bar-Meir, S, 2009) |
| "Its role in the treatment of active Crohn's disease (CD) was assessed in a pilot, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, dose-ranging study." | ( Abou-Assi, SG; Bernstein, CN; Buchman, AL; Fang, JC; Katz, S, 2010) |
| "The simple endoscopic score for Crohn's disease (SES-CD) was administered before and 4-6 months after therapy." | ( Björkesten, CG; Färkkilä, M; Kolho, KL; Nuutinen, H; Savilahti, E; Sipponen, T, 2010) |
| "He was diagnosed as Crohn's disease (CD) based on clinical, laboratory and histological findings and, corticosteroid therapy was started." | ( Birsin Özçakar, Z; Ekim, M; Ensari, A; Kansu, A; Kuloğlu, Z; Ustündağ, G, 2012) |
| "Whether all Crohn's disease (CD) patients should maintain long-term azathioprine treatment in combination with infliximab remains controversial." | ( Bigard, MA; Chevaux, JB; Fay, R; Oussalah, A; Peyrin-Biroulet, L; Sandborn, WJ, 2010) |
| "Patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease who were treated with infliximab plus azathioprine or infliximab monotherapy were more likely to have a corticosteroid-free clinical remission than those receiving azathioprine monotherapy." | ( Broussard, DL; Colombel, JF; D'Haens, G; Diamond, RH; Kornbluth, A; Lichtiger, S; Mantzaris, GJ; Rachmilewitz, D; Reinisch, W; Rutgeerts, P; Sandborn, WJ; Tang, KL; van der Woude, CJ, 2010) |
| "Patients with Crohn's disease might have accelerated atherosclerosis due to: chronic systemic inflammation, metabolic changes or prolonged steroid treatment." | ( Broide, E; Kimchi, NA; Scapa, E; Schopan, A; Shapiro, M; Zaretsky, M, 2011) |
| "Recurrence of Crohn's disease following surgical resection is common, but the optimal strategy to assess, prevent, and treat postoperative recurrence remains unclear." | ( Regueiro, M; Swoger, JM, 2010) |
| "Case notes from Crohn's disease incidence studies in Cardiff were reviewed retrospectively for disease characteristics and follow-up information on drug therapy, and the need for surgery for Crohn's disease." | ( Gunesh, S; Hawthorne, AB; Ramadas, AV; Thomas, GA; Williams, GT, 2010) |
| "In our veteran patients with Crohn's disease, frequency of treatment with a biologic agent varied inversely with age at disease onset." | ( Feagins, LA; Spechler, SJ, 2010) |
| "The definition of remission in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis has evolved to include mucosal healing as a measure of treatment efficacy." | ( Ha, C; Kornbluth, A, 2010) |
| "Vitamin D3 treatment of Crohn's disease patients increased the IL-6 levels." | ( Agnholt, J; Bartels, LE; Bendix-Struve, M; Dahlerup, JF; Dige, A; Jørgensen, SP, 2010) |
| "Treatment response, defined as Crohn's Disease Activity Index of 150 or less and/or a decrease of 70 or more (Δ70) or 100 or more (Δ100) points from baseline to final visit, did not differ significantly between patients given budesonide vs mesalamine (Δ70, P = ." | ( Altorjay, I; Bar-Meir, S; Bátovský, M; Bunganič, I; Dilger, K; Fixa, B; Gabalec, L; Glasmacher, C; Greinwald, R; Koutroubakis, I; Kramm, HJ; Kykal, J; Löhr, H; Lukáš, M; Mohrbacher, R; Safadi, R; Schäffeler, E; Stimac, D; Tomsová, E; Tromm, A; Tulassay, Z, 2011) |
| "Although infliximab ameliorates Crohn's disease symptoms, inflammatory markers are not persistently normalized, indicating a chronic inflammatory condition that may require continued infliximab therapy." | ( Hellström, PM; Holst, M; Ljung, T; Lönnkvist, MH; Theodorsson, E, 2011) |
| "The patient had a 10 year history of Crohn's disease and, in the last 18 months, she was treated with oral methotrexate because of steroid-dependency and intolerance to thiopurines." | ( Aratari, A; Margagnoni, G; Papi, C; Papi, V; Triolo, L, 2010) |
| "Steroids, the mainstay of Crohn's disease treatment, have been associated with systemic side effects." | ( Annese, V; Casa, A; Cottone, M; Lochs, H; Marconi, S; Prantera, C; Rizzi, M; Sturniolo, GC, 2011) |
| "We present the case of a woman with Crohn's disease who developed psoriasis after treatment with two anti-TNF- α drugs (infliximab and adalimumab)." | ( Bosque López, MJ; Rocamora Durán, V; Royo Escosa, V; Sansó Sureda, A; Sapiña Camaró, A, 2011) |
| "Common characteristics include: Crohn's disease (CD), thiopurine administration, fever lasting more than 5 days, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, anemia, lymphopenia, and elevated serum triglycerides and ferritin." | ( Biank, VF; Kugathasan, S; Margolis, D; Sheth, MK; Simpson, P; Stephens, M; Talano, J, 2011) |
| "Research in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) supports anti-inflammatory benefits of n-3 fatty acids from fish oil, prebiotics, and antioxidants." | ( DeMichele, SJ; Lashner, BA; Lerner, E; Seidner, DL; Wiese, DM, 2011) |
| "Physicians must be followed up Crohn's disease patients in order to rapidly detect and treat the clinical relapses of the disease." | ( Bibani, N; Boubaker, J; Filali, A; Hamrouni, A; Karoui, S; Serghini, M, 2011) |
| "We included all patients with Crohn's disease (CD) failing anti-TNF-α therapy who then received concomitant methotrexate." | ( Absah, I; Faubion, WA, 2012) |
| "A total of 82 Crohn's disease patients who received their first course of azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine treatment at Severance Hospital between June 1996 and July 2007 were recruited to the study." | ( Cheon, JH; Hong, SP; Kim, TI; Kim, WH; Park, JJ, 2012) |
| "A 57-year old woman with perianal Crohn's disease receiving azathioprine and infliximab developed this type of lymphoma after a short period of time on the treatment." | ( Aldeguer, M; Arevalo, N; Benito, DM; de Fuenmayor, ML; Foncillas, MA; Plaza, R; Ponferrada, A, 2011) |
| "The primary end point was remission (Crohn's Disease Activity Index <150) at the end of the treatment period." | ( Danese, S; Gionchetti, P; Grimaldi, M; Lochs, H; Prantera, C; Scribano, ML, 2012) |
| "We present a case of Crohn's disease with gastric, ileal, colon and rectum involvement as well as steroid dependency, which progressed with loss of response to infliximab after three years of therapy." | ( Leite, MR; Lyra, AC; Mota, J; Santana, GO; Santos, SS, 2011) |
| "Medical therapy for Crohn's disease (CD) has changed significantly over the past 20 years with increasing use of immunosuppressives." | ( Balogh, M; David, G; Erdelyi, Z; Golovics, PA; Horvath, A; Kiss, LS; Komaromi, E; Lakatos, L; Lakatos, PL; Lovasz, BD; Mester, G; Molnar, C; Pandur, T; Szathmari, M; Szipocs, I; Veres, G, 2012) |
| "The presence of disease activity in Crohn's disease (CD) is one of the main parameters used to establish whether optimal therapy should be drug therapy or surgery." | ( Benini, L; Caliari, G; Cusumano, D; D'Alpaos, G; D'Onofrio, M; Foti, G; Malagò, R; Mantovani, W; Pezzato, A; Pozzi Mucelli, R, 2012) |
| "Medical therapy for Crohn's disease has changed significantly over the past 20 years with the increasing use of immunosuppressants." | ( Balogh, M; Dávid, G; Erdélyi, Z; Golovics, PA; Horváth, A; Kiss, LS; Komáromi, E; Lakatos, L; Lakatos, PL; Lovász, BD; Mester, G; Molnár, C; Pandur, T; Szathmári, M; Szipocs, I, 2012) |
| "In active Crohn's disease, a first anti-TNFα administration rapidly normalized concomitantly plasma inflammatory markers and blood-flows in the mesenteric and retrobulbar arteries without affecting blood pressure and endothelial function." | ( Bonnin, P; Coelho, J; Levy, BI; Marteau, P; Pocard, M, 2013) |
| "Treatment of steroid-resistant Crohn's disease is based on the introduction of immunomodulators such as azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine or methotrexate, the anti-TNF drugs infliximab, adalimumab and certolizumab pegol." | ( Frei, P; Lakatos, PL; Manz, M; Rogler, G; Safroneeva, E; Schoepfer, AM; Vavricka, SR; Wanner, R, 2012) |
| "The therapy for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease has been transformed with the introduction of anti-TNF treatment." | ( Abreu, MT; Strobel, S, 2013) |
| "Cutaneous Crohn's Disease is a notoriously difficult condition to treat and causes significant morbidity, impacting heavily on quality of life." | ( El-Omar, E; Keenan, RA; Ormerod, AD; Rice, SA; Woo, PN, 2013) |
| "Therapy for Crohn's disease has long been based on a step-up approach, with monoclonal antibodies against TNF as a final option before surgery." | ( Buisson, A; Danese, S; Fiorino, G; Peyrin-Biroulet, L, 2013) |
| "Thirty-five patients (11 Crohn's disease and 24 ulcerative colitis) with medication-resistant disease were treated with oral tacrolimus and reviewed retrospectively." | ( Lawrance, IC; Murray, K; Thin, LW, 2013) |
| "A 33-year-old man was diagnosed with Crohn's disease in 2001, and treated with mesalazine and ranitidine." | ( Imakita, N; Itano, S; Mori, D; Nagayama, I; Takeji, M; Yamaguchi, Y; Yamauchi, A, 2013) |
| "Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) represent a chronic inflammatory condition of the bowel that often require lifelong medical therapy for the induction and maintenance of the remission." | ( Cottone, M; Criscuoli, V; Modesto, I; Orlando, A, 2013) |
| "In a study of adults with Crohn's disease, early azathioprine therapy was no more effective than placebo to achieve sustained corticosteroid-free remission but was more effective in preventing moderate to severe relapse in a post hoc analysis." | ( Bermejo, F; Domènech, E; Esteve, M; García-Sánchez, V; Gomez-García, M; Gutiérrez, A; López-Sanromán, A; Panés, J; Piqueras, M; Sans, M; Taxonera, C; Torres, Y, 2013) |
| "A retrospective cohort of 176 Crohn's Disease (CD) patients treated with thiopurines (131 with 6MP and 45 with azathioprine) was genotyped for common polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1 and TPMT." | ( Chowers, Y; Efrati, E; Elkin, H; Karban, A; Koifman, E; Krivoy, N; Mazor, Y, 2013) |
| "The use of fecal markers to monitor Crohn's disease is crucial for assessing the response to treatment." | ( Ambrogini, O; Artigiani-Neto, R; Carvente, CT; Miszputen, SJ; Nogueira, IM; Zanon, MI, 2013) |
| "To assess the inflammatory activity of Crohn's disease by comparing fecal markers (calprotectin and lactoferrin), colonoscopy combined with biopsy, and the Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI), as well as serum markers, before treatment with infliximab, after the end of induction, and after the end of maintenance." | ( Ambrogini, O; Artigiani-Neto, R; Carvente, CT; Miszputen, SJ; Nogueira, IM; Zanon, MI, 2013) |
| "Treatment for active Crohn's disease includes primarily systemically acting steroids for induction of remission, whereas azathioprine, methotrexate and TNF antibodies are used for maintenance of remission." | ( Beglinger, C; Patuto, N, 2013) |
| "Although the cost of Crohn's disease (CD) treatment differs considerably, hospitalization and surgery costs account for most of the total treatment cost." | ( Chebli, JM; Chebli, LA; da Rocha Ribeiro, TC; de Azevedo Lucca, F; de Lima Pace, FH; de Miranda Chaves, LD; de Oliveira Zanini, KA; de Souza, GS; Furtado, MC; Gaburri, PD; Ribeiro, LC; Vidigal, FM; Zanini, A, 2013) |
| "Mesalamine is a common treatment for Crohn's disease, and can be rarely associated with myocarditis through a mechanism of drug hypersensitivity." | ( Arantes, C; Correia, A; Galvão Braga, C; Magalhães, S; Martins, J; Ramos, V; Salgado, A; Vieira, C, 2013) |
| "A frequent problem in Crohn's disease is the distinction between exacerbated inflammation of the bowel, which can be treated medically, and intra-abdominal abscess, a common complication that requires surgical management." | ( Dubovsky, EV; Goldenberg, DJ; Logic, JR; Mihas, AA; Russell, CD, 1979) |
| "Before operation, eight Crohn's disease patients received exclusive enteral nutrition for four weeks, and the other patients had no nutritional therapy." | ( Feng, Y; Gong, J; Gu, L; Li, J; Li, N; Li, Y; Mei, S; Zhang, L; Zhang, W; Zhu, W, 2014) |
| "The therapy of Crohn's disease is constantly evolving." | ( Dassopoulos, T; Gutierrez, A, 2014) |
| "Treatments for Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are not uniformly effective, thus necessitating dose changes, switching, and augmentation and carry adverse event risk, often requiring discontinuation, which reduces treatment benefits." | ( Davis, KL; Mody, R; Rubin, DT; Wang, CC, 2014) |
| "The median Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) scores at the onset and 12 weeks after MTX therapy were 99." | ( Chao, K; Chen, B; Chen, M; Chen, Y; He, Y; Mao, R; Tang, R; Xu, P; Zeng, Z; Zhu, Z, 2014) |
| "Pulmonary involvement in Crohn's disease (CD) may precede the development of intestinal inflammation, but in most cases occurs during the course of treatment, either as an extra-intestinal manifestation, because of secondary infections, or as a side effect of the therapy itself." | ( Arora, H; Debelenko, LV; Guglani, L; Madani, S; McGrath, EJ; Mutyala, R, 2015) |
| "Patients with Crohn's disease were able to avoid new prescriptions for corticosteroids at a statistically higher rate when treated with an anti-TNF agent." | ( Bedenbaugh, AV; Jaganathan, S; Kane, SV; Palmer, L; Schwartz, DA, 2014) |
| "Infliximab withdrawal in patients with Crohn's disease on concomitant antimetabolite therapy is considered to be superior if obtained after a maintenance therapy period compared to induction alone." | ( Amiot, A; Bastuji-Garin, S; Belhassan, M; Chauvin, A; Delchier, JC; Le Baleur, Y; Le Thuaut, A; Mesli, F, 2014) |
| "Physicians treating individuals with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis have a growing armamentarium of options to choose from in managing these patients." | ( Leiman, DA; Lichtenstein, GR, 2014) |
| "The role of radiologic evaluation in Crohn's disease (CD) has undergone a recent paradigm shift in which the radiologist adds value to the multidisciplinary team by longitudinally assessing therapeutic response and identifying treatment-modifying subtypes, such as fibrostenotic or fistulizing disease." | ( Dredar, A; George, M; Hayes, C; Rakita, D; Smolinski, S, 2014) |
| "Patients with subocclusive Crohn's disease (CD) who received azathioprine (AZA) therapy had lower re-hospitalization rates due to all causes and for surgical management of CD compared to those treated with mesalazine during a 3-year period." | ( Castro, AC; Chebli, JM; Chebli, LA; da Rocha Ribeiro, TC; de Lima Pace, FH; de Oliveira Zanini, KA; de Souza, GS; do Valle Pinheiro, B; Furtado, MC; Gaburri, PD; Machado de Oliveira, J; Pinto, AL; Ribeiro, LC; Vidigal, FM; Zanini, A, 2014) |
| "Many patients with quiescent Crohn's disease are maintained on long-term treatment with azathioprine (AZA), but controlled data are limited." | ( Högenauer, C; Novacek, G; Öfferlbauer-Ernst, A; Petritsch, W; Primas, C; Reinisch, W; Teml, A; Vogelsang, H; Wenzl, HH, 2015) |
| "A 42-year-old female with Crohn's disease who had previously undergone multiple surgical interventions developed marked hypocalcemia, which could not be resolved with calcium administration." | ( Matsumura, K; Mukai, A; Yamamoto, S, 2015) |
| "Efficacy in treating postoperative Crohn's disease recurrence will require further investigation." | ( Carla-Moreau, A; Genin, C; Paul, S; Peyrin-Biroulet, L; Roblin, X, 2015) |
| "Thirty-seven adults with refractory Crohn's disease were treated with thalidomide for a median of 4." | ( Gerich, ME; Ippoliti, AF; Targan, SR; Vasiliauskas, EA; Yoon, JL, 2015) |
| "As treatment goals in Crohn's disease (CD) evolve, targets now include clinical remission (CR), mucosal healing (MH) and biological remission [C-reactive protein normalisation (CRPnorm )]." | ( Bevelander, GS; Colombel, JF; Cornillie, FJ; Kornbluth, A; Mantzaris, GJ; Oortwijn, A; Reinisch, W; Rutgeerts, P; Sandborn, WJ; Tang, KL, 2015) |
| "For patients with Crohn's disease, biologic therapies had higher durability than immunomodulators for induction and maintenance therapy." | ( Chong, K; Melmed, GY; Shah, ED; Siegel, CA, 2015) |
| "She had a history of Crohn's disease, which was being treated by the anti-TNFα drug, adalimumab." | ( Drury, J; Hickman, SJ, 2015) |
| "Therapy for Crohn's disease (CD) with thiopurines is limited by systemic side effects." | ( Chowers, Y; Fishman, S; Goldin, E; Ilan, Y; Israeli, E; Konikoff, F; Lahat, A; Lavy, A; Mahamid, M; Melzer, E; Nussinson, E; Segol, O; Shabbat, Y; Shirin, H; Ya'acov, AB, 2015) |
| "A high proportion of Crohn's disease (CD) patients lose response to antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) and therapy needs to be intensified." | ( Anastasiou, J; Giakoumis, M; Karamanolis, DG; Koukouratos, T; Theocharis, G; Triantos, C; Tsolias, C; Viazis, N, 2015) |
| "While men diagnosed with Crohn's disease received appropriate treatment for Crohn's disease, they were tested for testosterone deficiency (cut-off point ≤12." | ( Doros, G; Fijak, M; Gooren, L; Haider, A; Kurtz, W; Nasser, M; Saad, F; Vignozzi, L, 2015) |
| "A subgroup of Crohn's disease patients treated with combination therapy can be identified (C-reactive protein < 5 mg/L, endoscopic remission, and older age at Crohn's disease diagnosis) who would continue in remission despite cessation of the biological (expensive) component of the combination therapy." | ( Ampuero, J; Castro-Fernández, M; Guerrero-Jiménez, P; Millán-Lorenzo, M; Rojas-Feria, M; Romero-Gómez, M, 2016) |
| "The medical management of Crohn's disease is a rapidly evolving field with expanding therapeutic drug options and treatment strategies." | ( Bruining, DH; Deepak, P, 2015) |
| "Many patients with active Crohn's disease do not adequately respond to therapies, highlighting the need for new treatments." | ( Allez, M; Chang, DJ; D'Haens, G; Feagan, BG; Fedorak, RN; Heath, A; Jurgensen, CH; Lawrance, IC; Lee, SD; Maroney, AC; Sandborn, WJ; Seidler, U; Vermeire, S, 2015) |
| "Patients with a Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) of 220-450, plus evidence of active disease (endoscopically confirmed or elevation of both C-reactive protein and faecal calprotectin), who had failed corticosteroid or immunosuppressant therapy were enrolled." | ( Allez, M; Chang, DJ; D'Haens, G; Feagan, BG; Fedorak, RN; Heath, A; Jurgensen, CH; Lawrance, IC; Lee, SD; Maroney, AC; Sandborn, WJ; Seidler, U; Vermeire, S, 2015) |
| "We studied 510 IBD patients [338 Crohn's disease, 157 ulcerative colitis, 15 indeterminate colitis] with initiation of AZA treatment in a prospective multicentre registry study." | ( Bokemeyer, B; Bündgens, B; Büning, J; Drabik, A; Helwig, U; Hüppe, D; Klugmann, T; Kruis, W; Maaser, C; Miehlke, S; Mohl, W; Siegmund, B; Stallmach, A; Teich, N; Weismüller, J, 2016) |
| "Herein, we report a case of Crohn's disease patient who was successfully treated with MTX after treatment failure with thiopurine and anti-tumor necrosis factor." | ( Choi, JR; Kim, JH; Park, HJ; Park, JJ; Park, YM; Youn, YH; Yun, GW, 2015) |
| "Early stages of Crohn's disease [CD] are predominantly inflammatory and early treatment could be useful to change the natural history of CD." | ( Abreu, L; Agudo, B; Arévalo, J; Bernardo, C; Calvo, M; de la Revilla, J; González-Lama, Y; González-Partida, I; Ibarrola, P; Magaz, M; Matallana, V; Relea, L; Suárez, C; Vera, MI, 2016) |
| "Current treatments for Crohn's disease (CD), including immunosuppressive agents, anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF-α) and anti-integrin antibodies, focus on the symptoms but not on the cause of the disease." | ( Alvarez Dorta, D; Barnich, N; Bernard, J; Bonnet, R; Bouckaert, J; Darfeuille-Michaud, A; Fleury, E; Gouin, SG; Sivignon, A; Yan, X, 2015) |
| "The relationship between nutrition and Crohn's disease (CD) is complex and involves several therapeutic possibilities including: nutrition treatment for malnourished patients, optimization of growth and development, prevention of osteoporosis, first-line therapy for active disease, and maintenance of disease remission." | ( Carrilho, FJ; Costa, CO; Nunes, VS; Rodrigues, M; Sipahi, AM, 2015) |
| "Three cases of basal cell carcinoma in Crohn's disease patients treated with azathioprine are described." | ( Borgies, P; Dubois, A; El Nawar, A; Gallez, JF; Moreels, T; Nakad, A; Patris, A; Rahier, JF; Tennstedt, D; Vandenbulcke, H, 2015) |
| "A total of 350 adult patients with Crohn's disease received either infliximab [n = 178, 51%] or adalimumab [n = 172, 49%] monotherapy." | ( Antunes, O; Filipe, V; Filippi, J; Hébuterne, X; Louis, E; Peyrin-Biroulet, L; Reenaers, C; Roblin, X; Salleron, J, 2016) |
| "To evaluate children with Crohn's disease for inverse relationships between systemic inflammatory cytokines and sex hormone regulation in the context of anti-tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) therapy." | ( Agard, HE; Baldassano, RN; DeBoer, MD; Denburg, MR; Denson, LA; Griffin, LM; Herskovitz, R; Leonard, MB; Long, J; Thayu, M; Zemel, BS, 2016) |
| "Drugs used for treatment of Crohn's disease may be associated with serious side effects." | ( Abdel-Salam, LO; Kamel, MM; Khattab, A; Osman, AS; Tawfik, DI; Tolba, HM, 2016) |
| "The efficacy of azathioprine for Crohn's disease under adalimumab treatment remains obscure." | ( Esaki, M; Hibi, T; Hisamatsu, T; Ishida, T; Kanai, T; Kato, S; Matsui, T; Matsumoto, T; Motoya, S; Nagahori, M; Naito, Y; Nakagawa, T; Nakase, H; Nojima, M; Suzuki, Y; Watanabe, K; Watanabe, M; Yoshimura, N, 2016) |
| "Prophylactic treatment of postoperative Crohn's disease (CD) plays a critical role in maintaining clinical remission." | ( Grand, RJ; Mandl, KD; Ong, MS, 2016) |
| "An 80-year-old man with Crohn's disease treated with mesalazine presented with collapse and tonic-clonic seizure." | ( Chawdhary, G; Corbridge, R; Hussain, S, 2017) |
| "Treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) relies on medical therapy with surgery reserved for medically refractory cases." | ( Fleshner, P; Kamiński, JP; Miraflor, E; Zaghiyan, K, 2016) |
| "Twenty-three patients (21 Crohn's disease, and 2 ulcerative colitis) developed AAA with subsequent LOR and were thereafter prescribed an immunomodulator as salvage therapy (thiopurine n = 14, methotrexate n = 9)." | ( Bar-Gil Shitrit, A; Ben-Horin, S; Chowers, Y; Eliakim, R; Engel, T; Fudim, E; Kopylov, U; Lang, A; Paul, S; Picard, O; Roblin, X; Ungar, B; Williet, N; Yavzori, M, 2017) |
| "Induction treatment of mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease is controversial." | ( Clement, F; Coward, S; Ghosh, S; Hazlewood, G; Holmes, R; Kaplan, GG; Kuenzig, ME; McBrien, K; Panaccione, R; Rezaie, A; Seow, CH, 2017) |
| "More than half of patients with Crohn's disease [CD] develop disease complications requiring aggressive medical therapy or surgery over time." | ( Drylewicz, J; Groenen, MJM; Horjus Talabur Horje, CS; Nierkens, S; Smids, C; van Lochem, EG; Wahab, PJ, 2017) |
| "Postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease [POR-CD] is almost certain if no prophylaxis is administered." | ( Barrio, J; Bermejo, F; Calvet, X; Castro, L; Ceballos, D; Domènech, E; Echarri, A; Esteve, M; Gisbert, JP; Guardiola, J; Hinojosa, J; Iglesias, E; López-Sanromán, A; Marín-Jiménez, I; Márquez-Mosquera, L; Martín-Arranz, MD; Martínez-Montiel, P; Mínguez, M; Nos, P; Pons, V; Rimola, J; Taxonera, C; Vega Ruiz, V; Vera-Mendoza, I, 2017) |
| "Treatments for Crohn's disease continue to evolve from the traditional biologics to novel small molecules, with targeted mechanisms directed toward pathways that are dysregulated in Crohn's disease." | ( Boland, BS; Vermeire, S, 2017) |
| "The main role of therapy in Crohn's disease (CD) is to achieve long-term clinical remission, and to allow for normal growth and development of children." | ( Budić, I; Djordjević, J; Djurić, Z; Pavlović, V; Šaranac, L, 2018) |
| "A 53-year-old man with Crohn's disease treated with adalimumab was hospitalised with abdominal pain, fatigue, fever and chills." | ( Bosshardt, CR; Gnann, J; Lodhia, N, 2018) |
| "In all, 224 subjects (127 Crohn's disease [CD]; 97 ulcerative colitis [UC]) were treated." | ( Aksan, A; Dignass, A; Klemm, W; Nip, K; Stein, J; Weber-Mangal, S, 2018) |
| "Assessment of Crohn's disease (CD) activity is important to identify patients with active inflammation for therapy management." | ( De Kock, I; De Vos, M; Delrue, L; Hindryckx, P; Lecluyse, C; Villeirs, G, 2019) |
| "Change in Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) scores at latest follow-up after budesonide therapy reported by individual studies were pooled to gain overall effect size under random effects model and then metaregression analyses were performed to identify factors affecting the change in CDAI scores after budesonide treatment." | ( Duan, X; He, C; Li, Y; Meng, X; Tang, T, 2019) |
| "Budesonide therapy to Crohn's disease patients appears to be more effective in patients with the more serious condition." | ( Duan, X; He, C; Li, Y; Meng, X; Tang, T, 2019) |
| "Surgery is an important treatment for Crohn's disease [CD], but recurrence occurs in up to 80% of individuals post-operatively." | ( Burr, NE; Ford, AC; Hall, B; Hamlin, PJ; O'Connor, A; Selinger, CP, 2019) |
| "A 35-year-old man with refractory Crohn's disease showed a loss of response to infliximab after requiring treatment with infliximab at 10 mg/kg together with steroid to maintain remission." | ( Ashizuka, S; Inatsu, H; Kita, T; Kitamura, K; Kuroishi, N; Nakashima, K, 2019) |
| "The personalised anti-TNF therapy in Crohn's disease study (PANTS) is a prospective observational UK-wide study." | ( Ahmad, T; Bewshea, C; Bouri, S; Chanchlani, N; Cummings, JRF; Gaya, DR; Goodhand, JR; Green, HD; Hamilton, B; Hart, AL; Heap, GA; Heerasing, NM; Hendy, P; Irving, PM; Kennedy, NA; Lees, CW; Lin, S; Lindsay, J; Mansfield, JC; McDonald, TJ; McGovern, D; Nice, R; Parkes, M; Perry, MH; Russell, RK; Sebastian, S; Selinger, CP; Thomas, A; Walker, GJ, 2019) |
| "We report the case of a boy with Crohn's disease who developed myopericarditis 14 days after starting treatment with mesalazine." | ( Mandal, AKJ; Missouris, CG; Paschali, M; Paschalis, T, 2019) |
| "We present the case of a patient with Crohn's disease and treated azathioprine that develops lymphomatoid granulomatosis, as well as its diagnostic process and the chosen treatment." | ( Curieses Luengo, M; López Fernández, E; Varela Trastoy, P, 2019) |
| "Patients with Crohn's disease from our population were, on average, focused on the benefits of treatment, supporting intensive treatment approaches aimed at maintaining remission." | ( Bombardier, C; Deardon, R; Hazlewood, GS; Kaplan, GG; Ma, C; Marshall, DA; Panaccione, R; Pokharel, G; Seow, CH; Tomlinson, G, 2020) |
| "Clinical failure was defined for Crohn's disease (CD) as a Harvey-Bradshaw index ≥5 associated with a faecal calprotectin level >250 µg/g stool and for UC as a Mayo score >5 with endoscopic subscore >1 or as the occurrence of adverse events requiring to stop treatment." | ( Berger, AE; Boschetti, G; Del Tedesco, E; Duru, G; Flourie, B; Nancey, S; Paul, S; Peyrin-Biroulet, L; Phelip, JM; Roblin, X; Vedrines, P; Williet, N, 2020) |
| "A 50-year-old woman with a history of Crohn's disease treated with adalimumab presented with left hand pain and duskiness." | ( Cheemalavagu, S; Knight, JS; McCoy, SS, 2020) |
| "Treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) remains to be a challenge due to limited insights for its pathogenesis." | ( Chen, JF; Ding, Q; Jian, YP; Li, YL; Li, YN; Liang, J; Liu, G; Liu, MD; Quan, CS; Sun, QH; Wang, YS; Xu, ZX; Zhang, D; Zhao, RX; Zhou, HL, 2020) |
| "Patients with luminal Crohn's disease, commencing anti-TNF therapy, were recruited with urine, faeces, and serum samples being collected at baseline and 3-monthly." | ( Adegbola, SO; Ding, NS; Hart, AL; Hendy, P; Holmes, E; Marchesi, JR; McDonald, JAK; Misra, R; Penez, L; Perdones-Montero, A; Rees, DN; Sarafian, MH, 2020) |
| "A total of 131 adult patients with Crohn's disease receiving thiopurine treatment were included." | ( Baek, SY; Choi, R; Hong, SN; Kim, K; Kim, TJ; Kim, YH; Lee, MN; Lee, SY, 2020) |
| "Although treatment of Crohn's disease has improved with development of tumour necrosis factor antagonists, fewer than 50% of patients have sustained benefit." | ( D'Haens, G; Danese, S; Feagan, BG; Hua, SY; Liu, WJ; Minton, N; Olson, A; Sandborn, WJ; Wolf, DC, 2020) |
| "A 26-year-old Caucasian woman with Crohn's disease presented with severe neutropenia after initiating AZA treatment." | ( Jean-Charles, C; Séverine, W; Xavier, K, 2022) |
| "In paediatric patients with Crohn's disease, the role of combination therapy, infliximab plus immunomodulators [thiopurine or methotrexate], is debated and data are sparse." | ( Kjeldsen, J; Knudsen, T; Larsen, MD; Lund, K; Mertz Nørgård, B; Nielsen, RG, 2021) |
| "The impact of severity and location of Crohn's disease (CD) endoscopic ulcers on endoscopic remission in patients treated with antitumor necrosis factor is poorly known." | ( Baert, F; Bossuyt, P; Buisson, A; D'Haens, G; Laharie, D; Lambrecht, G; Oldenburg, B; Pariente, B; Peyrin-Biroulet, L; Rivière, P; Vermeire, S, 2021) |
| "A 38-year-old woman with Crohn's disease, under immunosuppressive therapy, was referred to the emergency department for severe progressive neck pain and fever, with 1 week of evolution." | ( Duarte, D; Gonçalves, AI; Trigueiros, N; Vilhena, D, 2020) |
| "An early treat-to-target approach in Crohn's disease (CD) patients is recommended to avoid complications." | ( Cohen, NA; Hirsch, A; Isakov, NF; Maharshak, N; Ron, Y; Yassin, S, 2021) |
| "Participants were patients with active Crohn's disease and previous failure to anti-TNFα started on methotrexate monotherapy." | ( Almela, P; Antolín, B; Benítez, JM; Bertoletti, F; Bujanda, L; Busquets, D; Calvet, X; Camps, B; Castaño-García, A; Castro-Poceiro, J; Domènech, E; Esteve, M; Gisbert, JP; Gomollón, F; Hernández, A; Iborra, M; López-García, A; López-Sanromán, A; Mesonero, F; Monfort I Miquel, D; Rivero, M; Rodríguez, C; Torres, P; Tosca, J; Vera, I, 2021) |
| "The proportion of women with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis on any treatment during pregnancy was 56." | ( Bateman, BT; Brill, G; Bröms, G; Desai, RJ; Friedman, S; Hernandez-Diaz, S; Huybrechts, KF; Kim, SC; Wood, ME, 2021) |
| "A 31-year-old man with Crohn's disease in remission after 6-year treatment with infliximab developed nasopharyngeal diffuse large B cell lymphoma." | ( Fukuhara, N; Handa, T; Ichikawa, S; Inomata, Y; Kakuta, Y; Kuroha, M; Masamune, A; Moroi, R; Sato, Y; Shiga, H; Shimoyama, Y; Takahashi, T, 2021) |
| "A 56-year-old Crohn's disease patient developed toxoplasma gondii infection within 2 months after the administration of azathioprine; however, he had no relevant high-risk factors." | ( Ou, D; Tan, Y; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wu, Y, 2021) |
| "We report a case of Crohn's disease in a patient who developed severe pneumonia caused by toxoplasma gondii infection due to the administration of AZA, with normal TPMP gene but NUDT15 gene mutation." | ( Ou, D; Tan, Y; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wu, Y, 2021) |
| "In the treatment of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), it is increasingly common to use biological drugs that selectively affect individual components of the inflammatory cascade." | ( Czkwianianc, E; Dzięgiel, P; Grzegrzółka, J; Pacześ, K; Romanowicz, H; Socha-Banasiak, A; Sordyl, B; Sputa-Grzegrzółka, P, 2021) |
| "The majority of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) will not achieve endoscopic remission on current therapy." | ( Barahimi, M; Clark-Snustad, KD; Harper, J; Jacobs, J; Kamp, KJ; Lee, SD; Singla, A, 2022) |
| "Thirteen patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and nine patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were treated with cannabis." | ( Abu Jabal, N; Azar, S; Drucker, L; Hadar, R; Konikoff, FM; Meiri, D; Naftali, T; Nemirovski, A; Tam, J; Tartakover Matalon, S, 2021) |
| "Accurate and reliable evaluation of Crohn's disease (CD) activity is crucial for monitoring and treating the disease; however, it is challenging." | ( Haotian, C; Lianli, S; Lingjie, H; Meihao, W; Qian, C; Yan, W; Zihan, S, 2022) |
| "Dasatinib-induced colitis and Crohn's disease may share histologic features including microgranulomas, which can potentially lead to misdiagnosis if no information on treatment is provided." | ( Campora, M; Carlin, L; Caserta, L; Fassan, M; Grillo, F; Mastracci, L; Mazza, F; Mescoli, C; Remo, A, 2023) |
| "Stricturing Crohn's disease (CD) is difficult to manage medically with limited treatment options, anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy being the first-line therapy." | ( Ahuja, V; Das, P; Kante, B; Kedia, S; Kumar, P; Madhusudhan, KS; Makharia, G; Panwar, R; Ranjan, MK; Sahu, P; Sharma, R; Virmani, S; Vuyyuru, SK, 2022) |
| "Patients aged 6-18 years with colonic Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, who received standard therapy depending on the disease's severity, were randomized to receive 150 mg sodium butyrate twice a day (group A) or placebo (group B)." | ( Banasiuk, M; Banaszkiewicz, A; Borys-Iwanicka, A; Pietrzak, A; Pytrus, T; Szczepanik, M; Walkowiak, J, 2022) |
| "Twenty-nine patients (15 with Crohn's disease [CD], 14 with ulcerative colitis [UC]) underwent colonoscopy with pCLE before and 12 to 14 weeks after starting anti-TNF or anti-integrin α4β7 therapy." | ( Acharjee, A; Buda, A; Cannatelli, R; Ghosh, S; Gkoutos, GV; Grisan, E; Hunter, S; Iacucci, M; Jeffery, L; Labarile, N; Mao, R; Nardone, OM; Parigi, TL; Reynolds, GM; Shivaji, UN; Smith, SCL; Ungar, B; Zardo, D, 2023) |
| "Twenty-nine patients (15 with Crohn's disease [CD], 14 with ulcerative colitis [UC]) underwent colonoscopy with pCLE before and 12 to 14 weeks after starting anti-TNF or anti-integrin α4β7 therapy." | ( Acharjee, A; Buda, A; Cannatelli, R; Ghosh, S; Gkoutos, GV; Grisan, E; Hunter, S; Iacucci, M; Jeffery, L; Labarile, N; Mao, R; Nardone, OM; Parigi, TL; Reynolds, GM; Shivaji, UN; Smith, SCL; Ungar, B; Zardo, D, 2023) |
| "Twenty-nine patients (15 with Crohn's disease [CD], 14 with ulcerative colitis [UC]) underwent colonoscopy with pCLE before and 12 to 14 weeks after starting anti-TNF or anti-integrin α4β7 therapy." | ( Acharjee, A; Buda, A; Cannatelli, R; Ghosh, S; Gkoutos, GV; Grisan, E; Hunter, S; Iacucci, M; Jeffery, L; Labarile, N; Mao, R; Nardone, OM; Parigi, TL; Reynolds, GM; Shivaji, UN; Smith, SCL; Ungar, B; Zardo, D, 2023) |
| "A 23-year-old man diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) was treated with infliximab." | ( Abe, K; Funakoshi, S; Hirai, F; Imakiire, S; Ishibashi, H; Ishida, Y; Ko, YL; Kuno, N; Matsuoka, H; Matsuoka, S; Miyagi, S; Nomaru, R; Sakata, T; Sakisaka, H, 2023) |
| "A 23-year-old man diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) was treated with infliximab." | ( Abe, K; Funakoshi, S; Hirai, F; Imakiire, S; Ishibashi, H; Ishida, Y; Ko, YL; Kuno, N; Matsuoka, H; Matsuoka, S; Miyagi, S; Nomaru, R; Sakata, T; Sakisaka, H, 2023) |
| "To evaluate the risk of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis (UC), and irritable bowel syndrome in patients with acne starting isotretinoin vs oral antibiotics treatment." | ( Kridin, K; Ludwig, RJ, 2023) |
| "To evaluate the risk of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis (UC), and irritable bowel syndrome in patients with acne starting isotretinoin vs oral antibiotics treatment." | ( Kridin, K; Ludwig, RJ, 2023) |
| "Adult patients with Crohn's disease in steroid-free clinical remission for more than 6 months, on combination therapy of infliximab and immunosuppressant therapy for at least 8 months were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to either continue combination therapy (combination group), discontinue infliximab (infliximab withdrawal group), or discontinue immunosuppressant therapy (immunosuppressant withdrawal group)." | ( Almer, S; Baert, F; Ben-Horin, S; Bossuyt, P; Bouhnik, Y; Colombel, JF; D'Haens, G; Ding, N; Fumery, M; Gilletta, C; Hertervig, E; Irving, P; Laharie, D; Lamb, CA; Louis, E; Nachury, M; Picon, L; Pollok, R; Resche-Rigon, M; Satsangi, J; Siegmund, B; Viennot, S; Vuitton, L, 2023) |
| "In patients with Crohn's disease in sustained steroid-free remission under combination therapy with infliximab and immunosuppressant therapy, withdrawal of infliximab should only be considered after careful assessment of risks and benefits for each patient, whereas withdrawal of immunosuppressant therapy could generally represent a preferable strategy when considering treatment de-escalation." | ( Almer, S; Baert, F; Ben-Horin, S; Bossuyt, P; Bouhnik, Y; Colombel, JF; D'Haens, G; Ding, N; Fumery, M; Gilletta, C; Hertervig, E; Irving, P; Laharie, D; Lamb, CA; Louis, E; Nachury, M; Picon, L; Pollok, R; Resche-Rigon, M; Satsangi, J; Siegmund, B; Viennot, S; Vuitton, L, 2023) |
| "SOC induction treatment will be Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet+Partial Enteral Nutrition (CDED+PEN)." | ( Benninga, MA; Comeau, A; de Jonge, WJ; de Meij, T; Dunn, KA; Heyman, MB; Langille, M; Otley, A; Sunseri, W; Sylvester, F; Van Limbergen, JE; Verburgt, CM; Verstraete, S, 2023) |
| "Despite its effectiveness in treating Crohn's disease, adalimumab is associated with an increased risk of infections and high health-care costs." | ( Atsma, F; Bodelier, AGL; Boekema, PJ; de Boer, NK; de Jong, DJ; de Vries, AC; Gisbertz, IAM; Hoentjen, F; Jansen, FM; Jansen, JM; Jansen, SV; Kievit, W; Lutgens, MWMD; Mallant-Hent, RC; Oldenburg, B; Pauwels, RWM; Pierik, MJ; Römkens, TEH; Russel, MGVM; Smits, LJT; Tan, ACITL; Ter Borg, PCJ; van Bodegraven, AA; van der Meulen-de Jong, AE; van der Woude, CJ; van Linschoten, RCA; West, RL; Wolfhagen, FHJ, 2023) |
| "In this study, we report a patient with Crohn's disease who developed infliximab-induced psoriasis vulgaris after starting infliximab treatment." | ( Anwar, I; Essam, M; Komy, ME; Mohammed, RHA; Shehab, H, 2023) |