iron ion binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to an iron (Fe) ion. [GOC:ai]

Iron ion binding is a fundamental molecular function that involves the interaction of an atom or molecule with an iron ion. This interaction plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including oxygen transport, electron transfer, and enzyme catalysis.

Iron ions, particularly Fe(II) and Fe(III), exhibit a strong affinity for specific ligands, such as amino acid side chains, heme groups, and inorganic molecules. The interaction between iron ions and these ligands is governed by electrostatic forces, coordinate covalent bonds, and other interactions.

One prominent example is the role of iron in heme proteins, such as hemoglobin and myoglobin. The iron atom in heme binds oxygen reversibly, facilitating oxygen transport throughout the body. In cytochromes, iron ions participate in electron transfer reactions, acting as redox centers in metabolic pathways.

Iron ions are also essential cofactors for numerous enzymes, including catalase, peroxidase, and DNA polymerase. These enzymes utilize the unique redox properties of iron to catalyze reactions involving the transfer of electrons or oxygen atoms.

Iron ion binding is highly specific and regulated by factors such as pH, redox potential, and the presence of other metal ions. This specificity ensures the proper functioning of iron-containing proteins and enzymes in various biological contexts.

Overall, iron ion binding is a critical molecular function that underlies numerous essential biological processes. It contributes to oxygen transport, electron transfer, enzyme catalysis, and other vital functions.'
"

Proteins (69)

Compounds (2,329)