Page last updated: 2024-08-05 15:15:24

calmodulin antagonist

An antagonist that interferes with the action of the calcium-binding messenger protein calmodulin.

ChEBI ID: 130181

Members (4)

MemberDefinitionClass
calmidazoliumAn imidazolium ion that is imidazolium cation substituted by a bis(4-chlorophenyl)methyl group at position 1 and a 2-[(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl group at position 3. It acts as an antagonist of calmodulin, a calcium binding messenger protein.calmidazolium
calmidazoliumThe organic choride salt of calmidazolium.calmidazolium chloride
pentamidineA diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.pentamidine
trifluoperazineA member of the class of phenothiazines that is phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.trifluoperazine

Research

Studies (6,094)

TimeframeStudies, Drugs with This Role(%)All Drugs %
pre-19902,895 (47.51)18.7374
1990's1,677 (27.52)18.2507
2000's734 (12.04)29.6817
2010's636 (10.44)24.3611
2020's152 (2.49)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeStudies, Drugs with this Role (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials293 (4.39%)5.53%
Reviews287 (4.30%)6.00%
Case Studies517 (7.75%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other5,577 (83.56%)84.16%

Protein Targets (213)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
15-lipoxygenase, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.952611
67.9K proteinVaccinia virusPotency13.362226
acid sphingomyelinaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency56.234111
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
alpha-galactosidaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.782811
Alpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.137413
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1Plasmodium falciparum 3D7Potency11.220211
ATAD5 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.145637
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.796812
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinaseTrypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927Potency15.101411
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.481611
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.162223
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.900822
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q1Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.559422
Chain A, CruzipainTrypanosoma cruziPotency21.486522
Chain A, Ferritin light chainEquus caballus (horse)Potency8.912511
Chain A, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.199511
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3AHomo sapiens (human)Potency32.983812
Chain B, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.199511
chromobox protein homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency53.724823
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.509313
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency1.103813
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.509325
D(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.510622
D(1A) dopamine receptorSus scrofa (pig)Potency16.481611
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.387211
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency11.220211
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.952611
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency42.951722
endonuclease IVEscherichia coliPotency31.622811
enteropeptidase precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency3.162311
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.140133
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency21.843415
EWS/FLI fusion proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.5016412
flap endonuclease 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency84.279012
Fumarate hydrataseHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.770411
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.899313
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.411546
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.548212
GLS proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.874122
glucocerebrosidaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.118911
glucokinase regulatory proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency3.162311
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chainHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.125412
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.118911
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)Homo sapiens (human)Potency34.300512
hexokinase-4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.162311
Histamine H2 receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Potency12.589312
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.848911
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.183811
IDH1Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.173511
Inositol monophosphatase 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency1.412511
Integrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.952611
Integrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.952611
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.680016
isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.464833
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.645023
lethal factor (plasmid)Bacillus anthracis str. A2012Potency17.559412
M-phase phosphoprotein 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency36.583612
Microtubule-associated protein tauHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.049913
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency25.118922
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency10.000022
neuropeptide S receptor isoform AHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.589311
NFKB1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.220222
nonstructural protein 1Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1))Potency15.848911
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency58.047912
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.092911
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency7.191222
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.183811
peripheral myelin protein 22Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency18.105611
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency37.933011
phosphopantetheinyl transferaseBacillus subtilisPotency34.113313
plasminogen precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency12.589311
polyproteinZika virusPotency11.770411
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.589311
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.220211
PPM1D proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.680014
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency50.118711
ras-related protein Rab-9AHomo sapiens (human)Potency79.024012
regulator of G-protein signaling 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.783512
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.449346
Smad3Homo sapiens (human)Potency21.088013
survival motor neuron protein isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.735812
TAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.4428210
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency27.570813
ThrombopoietinHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.848922
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.433444
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency12.589311
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency12.589311
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency51.520625
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRAHomo sapiens (human)Potency71.699913
WRNHomo sapiens (human)Potency50.118711

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
10 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC50175.000022
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC50175.000022
3-beta-hydroxysteroid-Delta(8),Delta(7)-isomeraseHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.008011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)IC501.639011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.468011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)IC503.278011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.717011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)IC503.278011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Ki1.717011
60 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC50175.000022
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC50175.000022
AcrosinSus scrofa (pig)Ki2.300011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC502.214011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki2.196011
alkaline phosphatase, germ cell type preproproteinHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
alkaline phosphatase, intestinalHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme isoform 1 preproproteinHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.350011
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.350011
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.350011
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC501.375011
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.516011
Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing]Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.290011
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)IC500.793011
Angiotensin-converting enzymeOryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)IC5010.973812
Angiotensin-converting enzymeOryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)Ki8.990512
Apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5056.350022
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)IC50133.000011
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)IC508.133333
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)Ki6.500011
Aurora kinase BHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
bcl-2-related protein A1Mus musculus (house mouse)IC506.230011
Beta-glucuronidaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC507.800011
Bile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)IC50257.600045
C-8 sterol isomeraseSaccharomyces cerevisiae S288CKi0.500011
Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4Plasmodium falciparum 3D7Ki150.000011
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50133.000011
caspase-3 isoform a preproproteinHomo sapiens (human)IC507.140011
caspase-9 isoform alpha precursorHomo sapiens (human)IC507.140011
Coagulation factor XHomo sapiens (human)IC5010.400011
Cytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)IC5075.000033
Cytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)IC5075.000033
Cytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)IC5075.000033
Cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)IC5019.866733
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)IC5075.000033
D(2) dopamine receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.016011
D(3) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC503.998011
D(3) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.358011
Diamine acetyltransferase 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.000011
DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
Emopamil-binding protein-likeHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.003911
Genome polyprotein IC500.700011
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.720011
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2AHomo sapiens (human)IC500.720011
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseHomo sapiens (human)IC5050.000011
intestinal alkaline phosphatase precursorMus musculus (house mouse)IC5014.600011
Lysozyme C-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC509.000011
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)IC501.703333
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2Homo sapiens (human)IC506.550022
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)IC50133.000011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2Homo sapiens (human)IC501.425011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.507011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)IC501.580011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.220011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)IC502.885011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.073011
NADPH oxidase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5017.000011
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 Bos taurus (cattle)IC5010.973812
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 Bos taurus (cattle)Ki8.990512
PlasminogenHomo sapiens (human)IC5028.400035
Pleiotropic ABC efflux transporter of multiple drugsSaccharomyces cerevisiae S288CIC501.400011
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)IC5013.889545
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki8.990512
Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5081.000022
Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5Homo sapiens (human)IC50582.000011
Protein kinase C alpha typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50500.000011
Protein kinase C beta typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50500.000011
Protein kinase C delta typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50500.000011
Protein kinase C epsilon typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50500.000011
Protein kinase C eta typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50500.000011
Protein kinase C gamma typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50500.000011
Protein kinase C theta typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50500.000011
Protein kinase C zeta typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50500.000011
Protein S100-BHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.300011
Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 2Homo sapiens (human)IC500.300011
Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 3Homo sapiens (human)IC5035.833333
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)IC5022.750012
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.015011
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC503.159011
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.510011
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC502.214011
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.196011
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 Homo sapiens (human)IC5022.100011
Solute carrier family 22 member 2Homo sapiens (human)IC501.200011
Solute carrier family 22 member 3Homo sapiens (human)IC509.500011
SUMO-1Homo sapiens (human)IC5036.245022
Suppressor of tumorigenicity 14 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.160011
Transcriptional activator protein LuxRAliivibrio fischeriIC507.000011
Trypanothione reductaseTrypanosoma cruziIC5072.000011
Trypanothione reductaseTrypanosoma cruziKi23.000011
Trypsin-1Homo sapiens (human)IC5043.333313
Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC508.000011
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 NHomo sapiens (human)IC508.231522
Urokinase-type plasminogen activatorHomo sapiens (human)IC5043.333313
WD repeat-containing protein 48Homo sapiens (human)IC508.000011

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kd0.001011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kd0.001011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kd0.001011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5AHomo sapiens (human)EC5092.489011
AlbuminRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kd14.000011
Calmodulin Bos taurus (cattle)Kd3.400011
Calmodulin-1Homo sapiens (human)Kd1.000011
D(2) dopamine receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kd0.000511
delta-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC5047.957522
insulin-degrading enzyme isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)EC5028.368022
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-1Homo sapiens (human)EC5047.957522
Protein S100-BHomo sapiens (human)Kd1.000011
Protein S100-BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kd47.000022

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform aHomo sapiens (human)AC5013.000011
heat shock protein 90, putativePlasmodium falciparum 3D7AC505.470011
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)AC507.065011
Pleiotropic ABC efflux transporter of multiple drugsSaccharomyces cerevisiae S288CINH8.300011
Snq2pSaccharomyces cerevisiae EC1118INH6.900011