A food additive that is used to increase the viscosity of foodstuffs.
ChEBI ID: 77970
| Member | Definition | Class |
|---|---|---|
| mannitol | The D-enantiomer of mannitol. | D-mannitol |
| sodium pyrophosphate | An inorganic sodium salt comprised of a diphosphate(4-) anion and four sodium(1+) cations. More commonly known as tetrasodium pyrophosphate, it finds much use in the food industry as an emulsifier and in dental hygiene as a calcium-chelating salt. | sodium diphosphate |
| Timeframe | Studies, Drugs with This Role(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 5,151 (41.07) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 2,109 (16.81) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 2,385 (19.01) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 2,360 (18.82) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 538 (4.29) | 2.80 |
| Publication Type | Studies, Drugs with this Role (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 702 (5.27%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 617 (4.63%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 444 (3.33%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 42 (0.32%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 11,510 (86.44%) | 84.16% |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| activating transcription factor 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 10.6822 | 1 | 1 |
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0038 | 1 | 1 |
| aryl hydrocarbon receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 23.3174 | 2 | 2 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 55.5384 | 1 | 2 |
| cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.1189 | 1 | 1 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.9216 | 3 | 4 |
| estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.4803 | 1 | 1 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.7674 | 1 | 1 |
| geminin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.2589 | 1 | 1 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 7.6959 | 1 | 1 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.1814 | 3 | 3 |
| lamin isoform A-delta10 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 35.4813 | 1 | 1 |
| lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 35.4813 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.7696 | 1 | 1 |
| potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 35.4813 | 1 | 2 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 43.6412 | 2 | 2 |
| TAR DNA-binding protein 43 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 35.4813 | 1 | 1 |
| TDP1 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.4092 | 2 | 2 |
| USP1 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 50.1187 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Butyrophilin subfamily 3 member A1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 1,140.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase | Astrosclera willeyana | Ki | 57,700.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase | Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 | Ki | 8,200.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 25,770.0000 | 8 | 8 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 13 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Ki | 730.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 48,500.0000 | 17 | 17 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 1,010.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 7 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 870.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Mu-type opioid receptor | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 48,500.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbonic anhydrase 12 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kinact | 63,900.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 14 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kinact | 760.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbonic anhydrase 9 | Homo sapiens (human) | Kinact | 46,300.0000 | 1 | 1 |