| Glutathione | A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides. |
| glutamic acid | A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. |
| salicylsalicylic acid | structure |
| dinoprostone | The most common and most biologically active of the mammalian prostaglandins. It exhibits most biological activities characteristic of prostaglandins and has been used extensively as an oxytocic agent. The compound also displays a protective effect on the intestinal mucosa. |
| epoprostenol | A prostaglandin that is a powerful vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation. It is biosynthesized enzymatically from PROSTAGLANDIN ENDOPEROXIDES in human vascular tissue. The sodium salt has been also used to treat primary pulmonary hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY). |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| N,N-diethyl-2-(1-pyridyl)ethylamine | true partial agonist for histamine H1 receptor; RN given refers to parent cpd |
| 15-hydroxy-11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid | structure in first source |
| 11,14,15-trihydroxyeicosa-5,8,12-trienoic acid | |
| arachidonic acid | An unsaturated, essential fatty acid. It is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. It is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. |
| prostaglandin h2 | A cyclic endoperoxide intermediate produced by the action of CYCLOOXYGENASE on ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is further converted by a series of specific enzymes to the series 2 prostaglandins. |
| leukotriene a4 | (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta(1E,3E,5Z,8Z)))-3-(1,3,5,8-Tetradecatetraenyl)oxiranebutanoic acid. An unstable allylic epoxide, formed from the immediate precursor 5-HPETE via the stereospecific removal of a proton at C-10 and dehydration. Its biological actions are determined primarily by its metabolites, i.e., LEUKOTRIENE B4 and cysteinyl-leukotrienes. Alternatively, leukotriene A4 is converted into LEUKOTRIENE C4 by glutathione-S-transferase or into 5,6-di-HETE by the epoxide-hydrolase. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990) |
| leukotriene b4 | The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990) |
| leukotriene c4 | The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990) |
| thromboxane a2 | An unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2. The compound has a bicyclic oxaneoxetane structure. It is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. It is the principal component of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS). |
| 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid | potent & selective inhibitor of platelet lipoxygenase; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation |
| 5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid | |
| 5,12,20-trihydroxy-6,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid | RN given refers to (S-(R*,R*-(E,E,Z,Z)))-isomer |
| 12-oxoleukotriene B4 | structure given in first source |
| 20-carboxyleukotriene b4 | metabolite of leukotriene B4 |
| leukotriene d4 | One of the biologically active principles of SRS-A. It is generated from LEUKOTRIENE C4 after partial hydrolysis of the peptide chain, i.e., cleavage of the gamma-glutamyl portion. Its biological actions include stimulation of vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle, and increases in vascular permeability. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990) |
| prostaglandin a2 | RN given refers to (5Z,13E,15S)-isomer |
| prostaglandin g2 | |
| 9-deoxy-delta-9-prostaglandin d2 | has potent antineoplastic & weak smooth muscle contracting activities; structure given in first source |
| 9-deoxy-9,10-didehydro-12,13-didehydro-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin d2 | PGD2 metabolite in human plasma |
| 6-ketoprostaglandin f1 alpha | The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue. |
| 6-ketoprostaglandin e1 | potent direct dilator of pulmonary & systemic circulations of newborn lamb |
| arachidonic acid omega-9 hydroperoxide | |
| 15-hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid, (s)-(e,z,z,z)-isomer | |
| Dinoprost | A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions. |
| thromboxane b2 | A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin). |
| 11,12-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid | |
| 14,15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid | |
| 12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid | A lipoxygenase metabolite of ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is a highly selective ligand used to label mu-opioid receptors in both membranes and tissue sections. The 12-S-HETE analog has been reported to augment tumor cell metastatic potential through activation of protein kinase C. (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 274(3):1545-51; J Natl Cancer Inst 1994; 86(15):1145-51) |
| 20-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid | stimulator of renal sodium, potassium atpase; RN given is for the (all-Z) isomer |
| 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid | RN given is for cpd without isomeric designation; an arachidonate metabolite which stimulates neutrophils to mobilize Ca and promotes PMN degranulation responses |
| 12-keto-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid | |
| arachidonic acid 5-hydroperoxide | 5-HPETE is used inconsistently in literature as syn for cpds with various tetraene locants; RN given refers to (6,8,11,14)-isomer; RN in CA Vol 91 Form Index for (E,Z,Z,Z)-isomer: 70968-82-0; RN for (5,8,11,13)-isomer: 71133-12-5; in Merck, arachidonic acid is the (5,8,11,14)-isomer |
| 5,6-epoxy-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid | RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation |
| 8,9-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid | RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation |
| 14,15-epoxy-5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid | RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation |
| 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin j2 | 15-deoxy-PGJ2 is also available; check for double bonds (indicated by delta) at 12 and 14 positions |
| 11,12-epoxy-5,8,14-eicosatrienoic acid | RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation |
| 8-isoprostaglandin F2alpha | |
| Phosphatidylcholines | Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety. |
| prostaglandin d2 | The principal cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. It is released upon activation of mast cells and is also synthesized by alveolar macrophages. Among its many biological actions, the most important are its bronchoconstrictor, platelet-activating-factor-inhibitory, and cytotoxic effects. |
| Lysophosphatidylcholines | Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINES obtained by their partial hydrolysis which removes one of the fatty acid moieties. |
| creolin | from refined coal tar oils |