Page last updated: 2024-09-28

Amniotic Fluid Embolism

Blocking of maternal circulation by AMNIOTIC FLUID that is forced into uterine VEINS by strong UTERINE CONTRACTION near the end of pregnancy. It is characterized by the sudden onset of severe respiratory distress and HYPOTENSION that can lead to maternal DEATH.

Synonyms(2)

Synonym
Embolism, Amniotic Fluid
Amniotic Fluid Embolism

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"A case of lethal amniotic fluid embolism is reported."( Kunz, J; Wagner, T, 1975)
"Amniotic fluid embolism is the only syndrome which is clearly associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation."( Beller, FK, 1987)
"Amniotic fluid embolism is a rare cause of maternal morbidity and mortality."( Hauth, JC; Maher, JE; Meis, PJ; Wenstrom, KD, 1994)
"A hallmark of amniotic fluid embolism is the induction of coagulation defects."( Altmannsberger, SH; Assmus, HP; Bergler, WF; Friedberg, C; Maleck, WH; Petroianu, GA; Rüfer, R, 1999)
"Amniotic fluid embolism is a potentially fatal complication of pregnancy; although several hypotheses have been formulated, the pathophysiology of this condition is not well known."( Adam, A; Gauvin, F; Leduc, L; Molinaro, G; Rivard, GE; Robillard, J, 2005)
"AFE (amniotic fluid embolism) is widely known as a disastrous rapid-progressing clinical entity."( Kioses, E; Peitsidis, P; Peitsidou, A; Samanta, E; Siampalioti, G; Spathi, A; Tsekoura, V; Tzaneti, A, 2008)
"Amniotic fluid embolism is a rare but often catastrophic emergency."( Ashraf, M; Awad, M; Kealaher, EJ; Kitchen, TL; Loughran, JA; Sindhakar, S, 2019)
"Amniotic fluid embolism is an uncommon, but potentially lethal, complication of pregnancy."( Clark, SL; Hankins, GDV; Klassen, M; Pacheco, LD, 2020)
"Amniotic fluid embolism is a rare disease that induces fatal coagulopathy; however, due to its rarity, it has not yet been examined in detail."( Furuta-Isomura, N; Horikoshi, Y; Ide, R; Itoh, H; Itoh, T; Kanayama, N; Kohmura-Kobayashi, Y; Matsumoto, M; Narumi, M; Oda, T; Suzuki, K; Tamura, N; Uchida, T; Yaguchi, C, 2020)
"Amniotic fluid embolism is frequently associated with coagulopathy."( Collins, PW; Collis, R; De Lloyd, L; Freyer, J; Jenkins, PV; Murdoch, M; Oliver, C, 2022)

Treatment

ExcerptReference
"A better understanding of amniotic fluid embolism and the associated coagulopathy is an important area of research to inform targeted treatment of the coagulopathy and improve outcomes for patients."( Collins, PW; Collis, R; De Lloyd, L; Freyer, J; Jenkins, PV; Murdoch, M; Oliver, C, 2022)

Research

Studies (191)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-1990109 (57.07)23.3326
1990's19 (9.95)12.5806
2000's24 (12.57)18.1394
2010's27 (14.14)28.8240
2020's12 (6.28)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
salicylic acid0low10
aminocaproic acid0low20
dalteparin0low10
histamine0low10
urea0low20
aspirin0low10
bupivacaine0low20
diazepam0low10
dipyridamole0low10
fentanyl0low20
furosemide0low10
gabexate0low10
ibuprofen0low10
lidocaine0low10
isoproterenol0low40
ketamine0low10
mepivacaine0low10
midazolam0low10
milrinone0low10
apnea0low10
nitroglycerin0low10
papaverine0low20
potassium chloride0low10
promethazine0low10
propofol0low10
succinylcholine0low10
tranexamic acid0low40
prednisolone0low10
cyanides0low10
tyrosine0low10
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine0low10
gadolinium0low10
xenon0low10
4-methoxyamphetamine0low90
coproporphyrin i0low30
fibrinogen0medium531
fpl 557120low10
atropine0low20
ropivacaine0low10
3-nitrotyrosine0low10
fibrin0low170
bradykinin0low10
oxytocin0low110
sodium bicarbonate0low10
bromochloroacetic acid0low30
digoxin0low10
thiopental0low10
dinoprostone0low20
dinoprost0low20
vitamin k semiquinone radical0low10
carboprost0low10
misoprostol0low10
phenylephrine hydrochloride0low20
morphine0low250
phosphorus0low30
rivaroxaban0low10
pituitrin0low10
endothelin-10low10
alcian yellow0low10
cardiovascular agents0low10
vasoactive intestinal peptide0low10
warfarin0low10
lewis x antigen0low20
hyaluronoglucosaminidase0low10
thromboplastin0low170
exudates0low20
sildenafil citrate0low10
alcian blue0low10

Protein Targets (787)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase2002
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A1001
phosphopantetheinyl transferase6006
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B4004
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2200020
pyruvate kinase PKM isoform a1001
geminin170017
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain1001
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G1001
Tubulin--tyrosine ligase0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0314
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0729
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0516
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60011
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0516
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0011
AR protein230023
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1150015
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha240024
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor9009
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2150015
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit7007
Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha0011
Botulinum neurotoxin type A 0101
Neutrophil cytosol factor 10101
Glutamate receptor 27007
Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial0101
Nitric oxide synthase, brain0101
Nitric oxide synthase, brain 0101
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible0101
Kappa-type opioid receptor0415
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0516
Tyrosine-protein kinase 0011
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type 2-beta0101
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type 2-alpha0101
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta0101
Chain A, PLASMINOGEN0022
Chain A, PLASMINOGEN0022
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE100010
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q12002
Chain A, Ferritin light chain5005
Chain A, Apolipoprotein0011
15-lipoxygenase, partial2002
ATAD5 protein, partial7007
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1140014
regulator of G-protein signaling 49009
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4150015
EWS/FLI fusion protein110011
nonstructural protein 13003
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]160016
arylsulfatase A4004
D(1A) dopamine receptor8008
chromobox protein homolog 1120012
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a4004
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 13003
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 19009
lamin isoform A-delta10200020
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 36006
Plasminogen0628
Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 10101
thioredoxin reductase140014
TDP1 protein160016
Microtubule-associated protein tau6006
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha190019
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 16006
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A3003
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE4004
Chain A, Phospholipase A2 isoform 30011
Chain A, HADH2 protein4004
Chain B, HADH2 protein4004
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase7007
GTP-binding protein (rab7)0011
ras protein, partial0011
interleukin 82002
GLS protein9009
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor9009
hypothetical protein, conserved1001
cytochrome P450 2D69009
glucocerebrosidase2002
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta6006
Rac1 protein0011
IDH16006
cell division cycle 42 (GTP binding protein, 25kDa), partial0011
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 17007
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)5005
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 13003
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M18008
lethal factor (plasmid)6006
Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase0101
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3012012
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4012013
Solute carrier family 22 member 60404
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 0303
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 0303
Bile salt export pump025025
Epidermal growth factor receptor0202
Carbonic anhydrase 109013
Carbonic anhydrase 209014
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0404
Integrin beta-31102
Myeloperoxidase0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10404
Seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-10101
Integrin alpha-IIb1102
Glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10707
Adenosine receptor A10204
Adenosine receptor A2a0204
Substance-P receptor0202
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20606
Urotensin-2 receptor0101
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial0202
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma4116
Ras-related protein Rab-2A0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-156213
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20303
Rho-associated protein kinase 20101
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase0202
Solute carrier family 22 member 200404
Solute carrier family 22 member 60404
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1011011
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10718
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10112
GLI family zinc finger 3170017
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3100010
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha9009
pregnane X nuclear receptor140014
cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator0101
DNA polymerase beta2002
short transient receptor potential channel 6 isoform 10011
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0609
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4010010
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M206110
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40619
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10417
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30417
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40417
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50417
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50619
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20418
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M106110
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10001
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30619
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C010010
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40101
Histamine H2 receptor4027
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70303
Reverse transcriptase/RNaseH 0001
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor0112
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 0001
B2 bradykinin receptor0101
B2 bradykinin receptor0215
B1 bradykinin receptor0101
Olfactory receptor 51E20022
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma110011
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1110011
Cellular tumor antigen p53150015
Potassium channel subfamily K member 30404
Potassium channel subfamily K member 30101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20112
Potassium channel subfamily K member 90101
Carbonic anhydrase 40509
Carbonic anhydrase0204
Carbonic anhydrase 150204
Fumarate hydratase3003
PPM1D protein4004
farnesoid X nuclear receptor6006
polyprotein3003
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)9009
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 15005
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a2002
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor5005
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d8008
huntingtin isoform 22002
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor2002
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 13003
peripheral myelin protein 22110011
chaperonin GroEL1001
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B3003
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter0101
Interferon beta110011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10606
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0617
Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form0101
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form0101
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0404
D(2) dopamine receptor0606
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0404
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0404
D0101
D(3) dopamine receptor0101
Endothelin receptor type B0101
D(1A) dopamine receptor0505
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40102
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 0606
Endothelin receptor type B0101
Histamine H2 receptor0527
D(1B) dopamine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0606
D(4) dopamine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C 0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70101
Histamine H1 receptor09414
D(3) dopamine receptor0606
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A30003
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0808
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60404
Spike glycoprotein5117
D(2) dopamine receptor0101
D(2) dopamine receptor0202
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2010010
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 0404
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD70202
Ataxin-29009
Transporter0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid 0101
glp-1 receptor, partial5005
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)6006
progesterone receptor100010
G6006
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma9009
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor7007
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a5005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi55212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0202
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0101
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 6006
Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 10001
Albumin0337
Albumin0033
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10507
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10204
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10204
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-42103
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20204
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30204
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-22103
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10336
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-155212
Translocator protein0225
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta55212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20325
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-255212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-555212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-355212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40204
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20204
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-155212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-255212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-455212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30325
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-355212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-655212
Translocator protein0101
Translocator protein0101
Cholecystokinin receptor type A0101
Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50235
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30224
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20224
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20224
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-355212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-255212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0202
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0101
Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 10101
GABA theta subunit55212
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 16006
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 56006
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon55212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0202
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial6006
Chain A, Beta-lactamase8008
Chain A, Cruzipain4004
PAX80001
SMAD family member 24004
SMAD family member 34004
STAT3, partial0101
thioredoxin glutathione reductase3003
Smad32002
67.9K protein3003
alpha-galactosidase1001
activating transcription factor 66006
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a5005
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor1001
tumor necrosis factor1001
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 23004
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor2002
ras-related protein Rab-9A2002
signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform alpha0101
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 14004
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A40203
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 0202
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-10202
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-20101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 0101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10303
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 0101
Cytochrome P450 3A40325
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0213
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-30101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-20101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10303
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-20202
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-10101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-30101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma0101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-40101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-40101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C10001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C10001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A40001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B30101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B10101
Solute carrier family 22 member 20205
Thromboxane A2 receptor 0112
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype0325
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype0314
Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor0202
Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor0224
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype0325
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype0314
Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor0011
Prostacyclin receptor0314
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A10204
Prostaglandin D2 receptor0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60204
Solute carrier family 22 member 70003
Solute carrier family 22 member 80204
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A10103
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A10101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B10101
Solute carrier family 22 member 110002
Solute carrier family 22 member 70002
prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype1001
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA6006
mitogen-activated protein kinase 13003
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A50001
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype0101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype0101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype0101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype0112
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype0101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype0112
Solute carrier family 22 member 70001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B20001
Chain A, Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein1001
acid sphingomyelinase1001
acetylcholinesterase5005
RGS121001
90-kda heat shock protein beta HSP90 beta, partial0101
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit2002
USP1 protein, partial6006
NFKB1 protein, partial3003
Thrombopoietin2002
DNA polymerase III, partial1001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)4004
isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, partial1001
LANA0001
NPYLR7B0022
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor3003
Histone H2A.x5005
serine-protein kinase ATM isoform a1001
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein2002
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 11001
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor2002
heat shock protein beta-12002
guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 isoform 11001
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 12002
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a2002
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK11001
eyes absent homolog 2 isoform a1001
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 20101
snurportin-12002
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor1001
tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein1001
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 11001
survival motor neuron protein isoform d3003
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 15005
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 12002
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor1001
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3F isoform a1001
kelch-like ECH-associated protein 10002
cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase0303
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 50101
Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit delta0101
High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8A0303
cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase0505
3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase 0303
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150303
Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit alpha0101
Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit gamma0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0303
Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit beta0101
Cone cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit alpha'0101
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A0303
Caspase-71001
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 172002
Inositol monophosphatase 13003
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B0303
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B0202
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C0202
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D0303
TAR DNA-binding protein 432002
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B0505
High affinity cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7A0101
Retinal cone rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit gamma0101
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1C0303
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A0505
Exopolyphosphatase PRUNE10101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 20202
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 41001
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10404
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 10202
Single-stranded DNA cytosine deaminase1001
Dual 3',5'-cyclic-AMP and -GMP phosphodiesterase 11A0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7B0101
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20202
Phosphodiesterase 0303
cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A0203
Endothelin-1 receptor0101
Luciferase4004
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A0202
D(4) dopamine receptor0202
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0202
Delta-type opioid receptor0304
Delta-type opioid receptor0416
Mu-type opioid receptor05210
Kappa-type opioid receptor0315
Mu-type opioid receptor0427
Delta-type opioid receptor0416
Kappa-type opioid receptor0416
Mu-type opioid receptor0316
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10202
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase0203
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A 0101
Thromboxane-A synthase 0101
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 10102
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 20101
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 10101
aryl hydrocarbon receptor4004
Carbonic anhydrase 120206
Bile salt export pump0404
Carbonic anhydrase 30205
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase0101
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0505
Carbonic anhydrase 60206
Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 10101
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0408
Carbonic anhydrase 70206
Adenosine receptor A10101
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 10101
Cytochrome P450 2J20303
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating0101
Holo-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase0101
Sodium/bile acid cotransporter0101
Carbonic anhydrase 90408
Carbonic anhydrase 130205
G-protein coupled receptor 350112
CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 10202
Carbonic anhydrase 140206
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0307
Membrane primary amine oxidase 0101
Coagulation factor X0303
Coagulation factor XII0202
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator0202
Tissue-type plasminogen activator0101
Serine protease hepsin0101
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II0011
Chain A, Protein (female-specific Histamine Binding Protein 2)0011
aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator0001
GALC protein2002
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA11001
transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 30001
Solute carrier family 22 member 30102
Plasma kallikrein0002
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0001
Histamine H1 receptor0235
Histamine H1 receptor0415
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 50112
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0215
Carbonic anhydrase0003
Histamine H3 receptor0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0215
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0215
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0215
Histamine N-methyltransferase 0101
Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0003
Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative0002
Carbonic anhydrase0003
Carbonic anhydrase0003
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0215
Solute carrier family 22 member 10102
Carbonic anhydrase 0003
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 40001
Carbonic anhydrase 130001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0215
Histamine H4 receptor0123
Histamine H4 receptor0123
Histamine H4 receptor 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 40001
Histamine H4 receptor0224
Histamine H3 receptor0101
Carboxylic ester hydrolase 0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 20102
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0215
Histamine H3 receptor0123
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 31001
Acid-sensing ion channel 30101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Albumin0101
Cholinesterase0101
Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70102
Acetylcholinesterase0303
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10101
Caspase-10101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 0102
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C30101
Caspase-30101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A10101
Caspase-40101
Caspase-50101
Caspase-90101
Acid-sensing ion channel 10101
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10303
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 0102
Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 90101
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor 0012
beta-2 adrenergic receptor2002
hexokinase-4 isoform 12002
glucokinase regulatory protein2002
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0225
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0213
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0213
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor0112
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0202
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0214
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0011
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0202
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10011
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor0011
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor0112
Vasopressin V1a receptor0112
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0112
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0011
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0011
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0202
D(1A) dopamine receptor2002
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0101
Taste receptor type 2 member 380011
Taste receptor type 2 member 390011
Taste receptor type 2 member 400011
Taste receptor type 2 member 410011
Taste receptor type 2 member 430011
Taste receptor type 2 member 310022
Taste receptor type 2 member 450011
Taste receptor type 2 member 460011
Taste receptor type 2 member 300011
Taste receptor type 2 member 190011
Taste receptor type 2 member 200011
Taste receptor type 2 member 500011
Taste receptor type 2 member 600022
Oxytocin receptor0112
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor 0112
Taste receptor type 2 member 420011
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0123
Taste receptor type 2 member 160011
Taste receptor type 2 member 140023
Taste receptor type 2 member 130022
Taste receptor type 2 member 100011
Taste receptor type 2 member 90022
Taste receptor type 2 member 80011
Taste receptor type 2 member 70011
Taste receptor type 2 member 50011
Taste receptor type 2 member 40022
Taste receptor type 2 member 30011
Taste receptor type 2 member 10011
2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase1001
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase3003
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
Acetylcholinesterase0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha0202
Cholinesterase0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 10202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
flap endonuclease 11001
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0202
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 50101
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 20101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 180101
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-60101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10 0101
Phosphodiesterase 0101
Vpr2002
Aurora kinase A0101
Dual specificity protein kinase TTK0101
cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase0101
Aurora kinase B0101
Inner centromere protein0101
Opioid receptor, delta 1b 0101
Opioid receptor homologue0101
Acyl-CoA desaturase 10101
Histidine decarboxylase0011
Proteinase-activated receptor 10112
Kappa-type opioid receptor0214
Nociceptin receptor0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X20011
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Vasopressin V2 receptor0112
Oxytocin receptor0224
Vasopressin V1a receptor0213
Vasopressin V1b receptor0112
Vasopressin V1b receptor0101
Oxytocin receptor0011
Vasopressin V2 receptor 0101
Chain A, cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A0101
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX121001
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor2002
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 0101
Cytochrome P450 2C190101
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial0101
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 30101
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 20101
CREB-binding protein1001
cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A 0202
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-10011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0011
Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 40112
Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 20112
luciferase0001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 22002
Estrogen receptor0202
Glucocorticoid receptor0218
Progesterone receptor0203
Glucocorticoid receptor0112
Glucocorticoid receptor0011
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10202
Corticosteroid-binding globulin0101
Mineralocorticoid receptor 0213
Androgen receptor0202
Glutamine synthetase0011
Androgen receptor0101
Glycine receptor subunit beta0202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-20202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-30202
Nociceptin receptor0011
Estrogen receptor beta0202
Snq2p0001
Spike glycoprotein0112
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0112
M-phase phosphoprotein 81001
Transmembrane protease serine 20112
Major prion protein0011
Procathepsin L0112
Replicase polyprotein 1a0112
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0112
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0112
Calmodulin-10101
Trypanothione reductase0202
Pleiotropic ABC efflux transporter of multiple drugs0102
Calmodulin 0011
Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B0101
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 0112
Chloroquine resistance transporter0101
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease2002
caspase-32002
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A90001
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 10202
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 20202
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 30202
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter0202
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A80001
Cytochrome P450 2D60101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 0202
Chain A, Activated Factor Xa Heavy Chain0101
Prothrombin0101
Suppressor of tumorigenicity 14 protein0101
chaperonin-containing TCP-1 beta subunit homolog1001
Estrogen receptor beta0001
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta0001
Polyphenol oxidase 20103
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-20001
Polymerase acidic protein0011
Stromelysin-10011
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase YopH0101
High mobility group protein B10011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-10101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 10103
Estrogen receptor0001
Cystathionine gamma-lyase0101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-10001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-20001
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-10001
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 10101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-30001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-20001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-10001
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Chain A, CHORISMATE MUTASE0101
Chain A, TYROSYL-tRNA SYNTHETASE0011
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 10101
SLC16A10 protein0001
Monocarboxylate transporter 100001
Urease subunit alpha0101
Urease subunit beta0101
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 70101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 10101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 10101
Protease 0101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 10101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 0202
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]