| Member | Definition | Role |
|---|
| 3'-hydroxyechinenone | A member of the class of carotenone that is echinenone carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3'. Found in cyanobacteria. | 3'-hydroxyechinenone |
| adonixanthin | A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-caroten-4-one bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'R diastereomer). | adonixanthin |
| astacin | A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene bearing four oxo substituents at positions 2, 2', 4 and 4'. | astacene |
| astaxanthine | A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein. | astaxanthin |
| canthaxanthin | A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene bearing two oxo substituents at positions 4 and 4'. | canthaxanthin |
| capsanthin | | capsanthin |
| capsorubin | | capsorubin |
| echinenone | A carotenone that is beta-carotene in which the 4 position has undergone formal oxidation to afford the corresponding ketone. Isolated as orange-red crystals, it is widely distributed in marine invertebrates. | echinenone |
| spheroidenone | The carotenone that is the 2-oxo derivative of (3E)-1-methoxy-3,4-didehydro-1,2,7',8'-tetrahydro-psi,psi-carotene. | spheroiden-2-one |