Compounds > levofloxacin
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levofloxacin

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Description

Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID149096
CHEBI ID63598
SCHEMBL ID15397
MeSH IDM0329513

Synonyms (166)

Synonym
ofloxacin, (s)-isomer
AB00171657-13
AB00171657-12
BRD-K09471561-001-06-7
AKOS008901361
aeroquin
floxacin
hr-355
de-108
mp-376
oftaquix
cravit iv
(-)-(s)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7h-pyrido(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid
levofloxacin [usan:inn:jan]
SPECTRUM_001719
(s)-ofloxacin
(s)-(-)-ofloxacin
elequine
hr 355
ccris 4074
levofloxacinum [inn-latin]
levofloxacino [inn-spanish]
levofloxacine [inn-french]
7h-pyrido(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid, 2,3-dihydro-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-, (s)-
rwj 25213-097
(-)-ofloxacin
iquix
(s)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7h-pyrido(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid
levaquin in dextrose 5% in plastic container
quixin
dr3355
SPECTRUM5_001438
BSPBIO_002689
NCGC00178529-01
7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid, 9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-, (3s)-
dr-3355
rwj-25213
tavanic
levaquin
dr-3355: l-isomer of ofloxacin
s-(-)-ofloxacin
cravit
fluoro-methyl-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-oxo-[?]carboxylic acid
l-ofloxacin
MLS001423977
C07660
levofloxacin
ofloxacin s-(-)-form
100986-85-4
MLS000759524
smr000466387
(s)-(-)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzooxazine-6-carboxylic acid
cpd000466387
DB01137
(3s)-(-)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid
levofloxacin anhydrous
lvfx
levaquin (tn)
levofloxacin hydrate
KBIO2_002199
KBIO3_001909
KBIO2_004767
KBIOSS_002199
KBIO2_007335
KBIOGR_001605
SPBIO_001891
SPECTRUM2_001676
SPECTRUM3_000995
SPECTRUM4_001123
SPECTRUM1504260
(3s)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid
MLS001165709
levofloxacin, >=98.0% (hplc)
lfx ,
HMS2090O10
HMS2093E18
AC-7593
HMS2051G04
L0193
(s)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-3,7-dihydro-2h-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid
nsc-758709
ofloxacin, (s)-
ofloxacin s-(-)-form hemihydrate
levofloxacin (as hemihydrate)
chebi:63598 ,
nofaxin
volequin
D08120
cravit (tn)
levofloxacin (inn)
HMS1922J07
fluoroquinolone
rix4e89y14 ,
unibiotic
unii-rix4e89y14
hsdb 8028
nsc 758709
venaxan
mp 376
loxof
pharmakon1600-01504260
nsc758709
levofloxacine
levofloxacinum
levofloxacino
HMS2232G06
CCG-39093
dynaquin
unii-6gnt3y5lmf
bdbm50366826
anhydrous, levofloxacin
NCGC00178529-03
quinsair
ofloxacin s-(-)-form [mi]
levofloxacin [inn]
levofloxacin [who-dd]
S1940
AKOS015895104
HY-B0330
NC00094
SCHEMBL15397
GSDSWSVVBLHKDQ-JTQLQIEISA-N
(s)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid
levofloxacin, antibiotic for culture media use only
Q-201295
(s)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid
AB00171657_15
AB00171657_14
mfcd00865049
DTXSID60160533 ,
DTXSID0041060 ,
(2s)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-10-oxo-4-oxa-1-azatricyclo[7.3.1.0^{5,13}]trideca-5(13),6,8,11-tetraene-11-carboxylic acid
sr-05000001999
SR-05000001999-1
levofiexacin
levofloxacin, analytical reference material
SBI-0206768.P001
mmv687798
()-(s)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1;()-(s)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1
NCGC00178529-02
Q424193
ofloxcacin
anhydrous ofloxacin
levofloxacin (levaquin)
EX-A1488
levofloxacin,(s)
AS-31796
tert-butyl?2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate
(s)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid
gtpl10911
NCGC00178529-06
nsc-755604
nsc755604
s-ofloxacin
(2s)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-10-oxo-4-oxa-1-azatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13]trideca-5(13),6,8,11-tetraene-11-carboxylic acid
(2s)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-6-(4-methylpiperazin-4-ium-1-yl)-10-oxo-4-oxa-1-azatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13]trideca-5(13),6,8,11-tetraene-11-carboxylate
Z1590790198
j01ma12
levofloxacin in dextrose 5% in plastic container
levofloxacin (usp monograph)
levofloxacin (usp-rs)
levofloxacin hemihydrate (ep monograph)
levofloxacin (mart.)
dtxcid2083024
s01ae05
dtxcid8021060

Research Excerpts

Overview

Levofloxacin (LOF) is an extensively employed broad-spectrum antibiotic belonging to the fluoroquinolone class. It has become one of the cornerstones of antibiotic therapy of complicated UTIs and pyelonephritis since its introduction in the 1990s. Evidence for its efficacy against FN is limited.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Levofloxacin is an extensively employed broad-spectrum antibiotic belonging to the fluoroquinolone class. "(
Cassone, G; Foti, C; Giuffrè, O; Previti, E; Saija, F; Sponer, J, 2021)		2.06
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drug with excellent antimicrobial activity and wide antimicrobial spectrum, while it is susceptible to drug resistance."( Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic comparison between generic and brand-name levofloxacin based on Monte Carlo simulation.
Chen, Y; Dai, Q; Feng, W; Liu, C; Liu, F; Ma, P; Shang, S; Xiong, L, 2023)		1.86
"Levofloxacin (LOF) is an ideal anti-tuberculosis drug in clinical applications."( Potential Genes Related to Levofloxacin Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Based on Transcriptome and Methylome Overlap Analysis.
Chen, L; Chen, T; Chen, XX; Guo, HX; Li, HC; Wang, W; Wu, HZ; Wu, ZH; Xu, GP; Zhou, L, 2020)		1.58
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial that has become one of the cornerstones of antibiotic therapy of complicated UTIs and pyelonephritis since its introduction in the 1990s because of its exceptional pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profile."( Efficacy and safety of levofloxacin as a treatment for complicated urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis.
Bientinesi, R; Murri, R; Sacco, E, 2020)		1.59
"Levofloxacin (LVFX) is a commonly prescribed antibiotic; however, evidence for its efficacy against FN is limited."( Efficacy of oral levofloxacin monotherapy against low-risk FN in patients with malignant lymphoma who received chemotherapy using the CHOP regimen.
Chinen, S; Ishizu, M; Mogi, A; Nakashima, Y; Sasaki, H; Takamatsu, Y; Takata, T; Tanaka, T, 2020)		1.62
"Levofloxacin is a preferred drug for multidrug-resistant (MDR)-tuberculosis (TB) with bactericidal activity that correlates with the pharmacokinetic exposures of serum peak concentration (C"( Urine colorimetry for levofloxacin pharmacokinetics and personalized dosing in people with drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Aartsen, DV; Dillingham, R; Ebers, A; Heysell, SK; Koshkina, O; Mirawdaly, S; Moiseeva, E; Ogarkov, O; Orlova, E; Rao, P; Stroup, S; Suzdalnitsky, A; Zhdanova, S, )		1.89
"Levofloxacin proved to be an effective and safe drug in the treatment of children with macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumonia."( The treatment of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.
Chen, X; Dai, FF; Guo, CY; Liu, FQ; Wang, K; Yang, J, 2021)		1.34
"Levofloxacin (LEV) is a broad-spectrum quinolone antibiotic and widely used for human and veterinary treatment. "( Bioassay- and QSAR-based screening of toxic transformation products and their formation under chlorination treatment on levofloxacin.
Chen, M; Du, Y; Li, M; Wang, F; Wei, D; Yin, J, 2021)		2.27
"Levofloxacin (LF) is a medically important antibiotic drug that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. "( Polyvinyl Chloride Modified Carbon Paste Electrodes for Sensitive Determination of Levofloxacin Drug in Serum, Urine, and Pharmaceutical Formulations.
Abdel-Ghani, NET; Abdel-Haleem, FM; Barhoum, A; Bechelany, M; El Nashar, RM; Mahmoud, S, 2021)		2.29
"Levofloxacin is a third-generation fluoroquinolone that has several advantages over its (R) ofloxacin isomer. "( Optimization of a Ligand Exchange Chromatography Method for the Enantioselective Separation of Levofloxacin and Its Chiral Impurity.
Abousalih, FZ; Azougagh, M; Benchekroun, YH; Bouatia, M; Bouchafra, H; Echerfaoui, F; Karbane, ME; Karrouchi, K, 2021)		2.28
"Levofloxacin (LF) is a frequently detected fluoroquinolone in surface water, and permanganate (MnO"( Impact of humic acid on the degradation of levofloxacin by aqueous permanganate: Kinetics and mechanism.
Ben, W; Ling, W; Qiang, Z; Qu, J; Xu, K; Zhang, Y, 2017)		2.16
"Levofloxacin is an antituberculosis drug with substantial interindividual pharmacokinetic variability; therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) could therefore be helpful to improve treatment results. "( Population Pharmacokinetic Model and Limited Sampling Strategies for Personalized Dosing of Levofloxacin in Tuberculosis Patients.
Alffenaar, JC; Heysell, SK; Migliori, GB; Mpagama, S; Peloquin, CA; Skrahina, A; Sturkenboom, MGG; Touw, DJ; van den Elsen, SHJ; van der Werf, TS; Van't Boveneind-Vrubleuskaya, N, 2018)		2.14
"Levofloxacin is a third-generation fluoroquinolone antimicrobials drug that inhibits bacterial DNA replication. "( Express detection of expired drugs based on near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics: A feasibility study.
Chen, H; Lin, Z; Tan, C, 2019)		1.96
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone active against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria with a well-defined margin of safety and efficacy. "( Levofloxacin-induced Desquamation: A Possible and Rare Case Report.
Chawla, SPS; Chhabra, M; Gill, GK, 2020)		3.44
"Levofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone used in the treatment of both acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis. "( Population pharmacokinetic modeling of the unbound levofloxacin concentrations in rat plasma and prostate tissue measured by microdialysis.
Dalla Costa, T; Derendorf, H; Hochhaus, G; Hurtado, FK; Weber, B, 2014)		2.1
"Levofloxacin is a commonly prescribed antimicrobial where recommendations exist to reduce doses for renal impairment but not to increase doses for augmented renal function. "( Levofloxacin dosing regimen in severely morbidly obese patients (BMI ≥40 kg/m(2)) should be guided by creatinine clearance estimates based on ideal body weight and optimized by therapeutic drug monitoring.
Cojutti, P; Pai, MP; Pea, F, 2014)		3.29
"Levofloxacin is an adequate substitute for clarithromycin and is recommended in second-line regimens."( Helicobacter pylori.
Malfertheiner, P; Selgrad, M, 2014)		1.12
"Levofloxacin is a frequently prescribed antibacterial agent with Diclofenac Sodium for pain management in infectious conditions."( Quality evaluation and in vitro interaction studies between levofloxacin 250mg and diclofenac sodium 50mg tablets.
Ali, T; Ashraf, N; Fayyaz, M; Nasiri, I; Shoaib, MH; Yousuf, RI, 2015)		1.38
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone with anti-staphylococcal activity and adequate penetration into osteoarticular tissues and increasingly being recommended to manage bone-related infections."( Novel doped calcium phosphate-PMMA bone cement composites as levofloxacin delivery systems.
Almeida, AJ; Bettencourt, AF; Ferreira, JM; Gonçalves, LM; Marques, CF; Matos, AC; Pinto, RV; Ribeiro, IA; Vaz, MA, 2015)		1.38
"Levofloxacin is an effective medication for second line Helicobacter pylori (H. "( High Efficacy of Levofloxacin-Dexlansoprazole-Based Quadruple Therapy as a First Line Treatment for Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Thailand.
Mahachai, V; Prapitpaiboon, H; Vilaichone, RK, 2015)		2.2
"Levofloxacin is a large spectrum antibiotic from fluoroquinolones family, widely used and detected in natural waters. "( Electrochemical mineralization of the antibiotic levofloxacin by electro-Fenton-pyrite process.
Ammar, S; Barhoumi, N; Brillas, E; Gadri, A; Labiadh, L; Oturan, MA; Oturan, N, 2015)		2.11
"Levofloxacin is an emerging pollutant. "( [TiO2-Induced Photodegradation of Levofloxacin by Visible Light and Its Mechanism].
Dong, CX; Guo, HS; Li, KB; Liu, YN; Qiao, Q; Wei, H; Xue, J, 2015)		2.14
"Levofloxacin (LEV) is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone used to treat pneumonia, urinary tract infections, chronic bacterial bronchitis, and prostatitis. "( Simultaneous Semimechanistic Population Analyses of Levofloxacin in Plasma, Lung, and Prostate To Describe the Influence of Efflux Transporters on Drug Distribution following Intravenous and Intratracheal Administration.
Dalla Costa, T; de Castro, WV; Dos Santos, CN; Lagishetty, CV; Laureano, JV; Schmidt, S; Zimmermann, ES, 2016)		2.13
"Levofloxacin (LV) is a hydrophilic broad-spectrum antibiotic commonly used in pulmonary treatment against recurrent infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and particularly in cystic fibrosis (CF) disease. "( Smart lipid nanoparticles containing levofloxacin and DNase for lung delivery. Design and characterization.
Abraham, GA; Castro, GR; Duran, N; Islan, GA; Tornello, PC, 2016)		2.15
"Levofloxacin is an effective bactericidal category III antitubercular drug. "( Safety and efficacy of additional levofloxacin in tuberculous meningitis: A randomized controlled pilot study.
Betai, S; Bhoi, SK; Kalita, J; Misra, UK, 2016)		2.16
"Levofloxacin is a potent antibiotic with severe side effects due to its high doses. "( Gold Nanoparticles Conjugated Levofloxacin: For Improved Antibacterial Activity Over Levofloxacin Alone.
Akhtar, J; Bagga, P; Khan, MS; Mahmood, T; Siddiqui, HH; Zahera, M, 2017)		2.19
"Levofloxacin seems to be a good alternative treatment for patients with uncomplicated spontaneous ascites infections."( A recent evaluation of empirical cephalosporin treatment and antibiotic resistance of changing bacterial profiles in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
Alişkan, H; Güçlü, M; Husamettin, E; Serin, E; Yakar, T, 2010)		1.08
"Levofloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. "( Bioavailability of two oral formulations of a single dose of levofloxacin 500 mg: an open-label, randomized, two-period crossover comparison in healthy Mexican volunteers.
Burke-Fraga, V; Cariño, L; Fuentes-Fuentes, E; Galan-Herrera, JF; Namur, S; Parra, MG; Poo, JL; Rosales-Sanchez, O, 2009)		2.04
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone that has a broad spectrum of activity against several causative bacterial pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). "( Levofloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia.
Elkhatib, WF; Noreddin, AM, 2010)		3.25
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone used globally to treat respiratory, skin, and genitourinary tract infections. "( Acute hepatitis associated with the use of levofloxacin.
Figueira-Coelho, J; Mendonça, P; Neta, J; Neves-Costa, J; Pereira, O; Picado, B, 2010)		2.07
"Levofloxacin n-oxide is an impurity isolated from levofloxacin."( In silico and in vitro genotoxicity evaluation of levofloxacin n-oxide, an impurity in levofloxacin.
Guo, M; Li, J; Li, T; Wang, W; Zhang, X; Zhu, Q, 2012)		1.35
"Levofloxacin (LVFX) is a broad spectrum third generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used in the treatment of severe or life-threatening bacterial infections. "( Photosensitizing mechanism and identification of levofloxacin photoproducts at ambient UV radiation.
Ali, D; Dwivedi, A; Kushwaha, HN; Mujtaba, SF; Ray, RS; Singh, SK; Yadav, N, )		1.83
"Levofloxacin is a third-generation fluorinated quinolone antibiotic, is the active levo stereoisomer of ofloxacin, and has one of the most favorable adverse reaction profiles."( Levofloxacin-induced delirium: is it a dangerous drug in patients with renal dysfunction?
Dortdudak, S; Eroglu, E; Kocyigit, I; Oymak, O; Sipahioglu, M; Tokgoz, B; Unal, A; Utas, C; Yucel, HE, 2012)		2.54
"Levofloxacin is a valuable antimicrobial agent and an optimal treatment option for AECB, CAP (as a monotherapy) and HAP (as combination therapy at a high-dose regimen). "( Levofloxacin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections.
Liapikou, A; Torres, A, 2012)		3.26
"Levofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that exists as a hemihydrate under ambient conditions. "( Understanding the dehydration of levofloxacin hemihydrate.
Gorman, EM; Munson, EJ; Samas, B, 2012)		2.1
"Levofloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone that is usually used to treat chronic bacterial prostatitis. "( Safety and efficacy of levofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin for the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis in Chinese patients.
Guo, YL; Jin, FS; Liu, DM; Shen, ZJ; Sun, YH; Zhang, ZC, 2012)		2.13
"Levofloxacin is a third-generation fluoroquinolone with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, comprising enterobacteria, non-fermenters, Gram-positive cocci and some anaerobic species. "( Tissue and serum concentrations of levofloxacin 500 mg administered intravenously or orally for antibiotic prophylaxis in biliary surgery.
Geiss, HK; Hoppe-Tichy, T; Klee, F; Oberdorfer, K; Swoboda, S; von Baum, H, 2003)		2.04
"Levofloxacin is a recently introduced fluoroquinolone."( [Achilles tendinitis associated to levofloxacin: report of 4 cases].
Aros, C; Flores, C; Mezzano, S, 2002)		1.31
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic commonly used to treat respiratory, urinary tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. "( Acute hepatitis associated with oral levofloxacin therapy in a hemodialysis patient.
Lee, CH; Schwalm, JD, 2003)		2.03
"Levofloxacin-induced AIHA is a rare but serious complication of therapy. "( Levofloxacin-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Carr-Lopez, SM; Crawley, PG; Oh, YR; Probasco, JM, )		3.02
"Levofloxacin is a new, recently commercialized fluoroquinolone. "( [Use of levofloxacin in the hospital].
Arnau, JM; Campany, D; Castells, X; Rigau, D; Vallano, A, 2003)		2.2
"Levofloxacin is a recent fluoroquinolone and its muscular toxicity is not well documented."( A case of rhabdomyolysis with fatal outcome after a treatment with levofloxacin.
Debien, B; Nadaud, J; Olive, F; Pats, B; Perez, JP; Petitjeans, F; Villevieille, T, 2003)		1.28
"Levofloxacin (Levaquin) is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent with a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and atypical respiratory pathogens. "( Levofloxacin: a review of its use in the treatment of bacterial infections in the United States.
Croom, KF; Goa, KL, 2003)		3.2
"Levofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent with activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and atypical organisms. "( Levofloxacin: a review of its use in the treatment of bacterial infections in the United States.
Croom, KF; Goa, KL, 2003)		3.2
"Levofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic with activity against many pathogens that cause bacterial infections in children, including penicillin-resistant pneumococci. "( Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in children.
Blumer, JL; Bocchini, JA; Bradley, JS; Chien, S; Kearns, GL; Maldonado, S; Natarajan, J; Noel, GJ; Wells, TG, 2005)		3.21
"Levofloxacin (LEV) is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent. "( The interaction between levofloxacine hydrochloride and DNA mediated by Cu2+.
Cai, Z; He, Y; Song, G, 2004)		2.07
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent for which pharmacodynamic relationships between the maximum serum antibiotic concentration (Cmax)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio and/or the area under the serum concentration-time curve during a 24-h dosing period (AUC(0-24))/MIC ratio and clinical and/or microbiological outcomes have been developed. "( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis.
Blasi, F; Cazzola, M; Donnarumma, G; Marchetti, F; Matera, MG; Sanduzzi, A; Tufano, MA, 2005)		2.09
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone with extensive renal elimination and enhanced penetration into lungs and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) biofilms."( Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in adult cystic fibrosis.
Boyle, MP; Brass-Ernst, L; Diener-West, M; Lee, CKK; Noschese, M; Zeitlin, PL, 2007)		2.5
"Levofloxacin (Levaquin) is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial that is the L-isomer of ofloxacin. "( Levofloxacin : a review of its use as a high-dose, short-course treatment for bacterial infection.
Anderson, VR; Perry, CM, 2008)		3.23
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone with excellent bioavailability properties that affords potential use in the treatment of a wide variety of infections caused by Gram-positive organisms such as streptococci."( The comparative antimicrobial activity of levofloxacin tested against 350 clinical isolates of streptococci.
Biedenbach, DJ; Jones, RN, 1996)		1.28
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic and is the optical S-(-) isomer of the racemic drug substance ofloxacin. "( The clinical pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin.
Chow, AT; Fish, DN, 1997)		2.02
"Levofloxacin (L-ofloxacin) is a fluoroquinolone derivative. "( Successful treatment of murine listeriosis and salmonellosis with levofloxacin.
Bornitz, F; Hof, H; Kretschmar, M; Nichterlein, T, 1998)		1.98
"Levofloxacin is a new fluoroquinolone active against S. "( [Levofloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia].
Léophonte, P; Veyssier, P, 1999)		2.66
"Levofloxacin is an additional option as monotherapy for the treatment of CAP."( Oral levofloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia.
Idrahim, KY; Lima Nicodemo, E; Nicodemo, AC, 2000)		1.54
"Levofloxacin is a useful quinolone for patients infected with osteomyelitis or tuberculosis. "( [Tolerability and safety of levofloxacinin long-term treatment].
Almela, M; Alvárez, JL; García, S; Mensa, J; Ortega, M; Soriano, A; Soriano, E; Tomás, X, 2000)		2.04
"Levofloxacin is a valuable addition to the group of fluoroquinolone antibiotics."( Levofloxacin.
Norrby, SR, 1999)		2.47
"Levofloxacin is a second generation fluoroquinolone with a post marketing history of well tolerated and successful use in a variety of clinical situations."( A risk-benefit assessment of levofloxacin in respiratory, skin and skin structure, and urinary tract infections.
Garvin, CG; Jung, R; Martin, SJ, 2001)		1.32

Effects

Levofloxacin has a wide spectrum of action, including most gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. It has a very low phototoxicity-inducing potential confirmed by pre-clinical animal studies.

Levofloxacin has demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of community-acquired respiratory-tract infections, genitourinary infections, skin and skin-structure infections, acute bacterial sinusitis, and infections of the head and neck. It has a low photosensitizing potential when administered to healthy subjects.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Levofloxacin has a wide spectrum of action, including most gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, including intracellularly located, unlike other fluoroquinolones, highly active against gram-positive cocci, including pneumococci which are resistant to penicillin, erythromycin."( [CHARACTERISTICS OF LEVOFLOXACIN AND ITS CLINICAL APPLICATION (REVIEW)].
Kovalenko, T; Krasnikova, L; Mishyna, M; Shtaniuk, E; Vovk, O, 2020)		1.6
"Levofloxacin has a high bioavailability and a broad antibacterial spectrum which covers the common pathogens found in acute and chronic diabetic foot infections. "( Tissue and serum levofloxacin concentrations in diabetic foot infection patients.
Baertsch, U; Born, B; Geiss, HK; Hamann, A; Hoppe-Tichy, T; Kusterer, K; Oberdorfer, K; Swoboda, S; von Baum, H, 2004)		2.11
"Levofloxacin has a tolerability profile similar to that of other oral fluoroquinolones, with gastrointestinal and central nervous system effects reported most commonly."( Levofloxacin. A review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy.
Bryson, HM; Davis, R, 1994)		2.45
"Levofloxacin has a low photosensitizing potential when administered to healthy subjects."( Photoreaction potential of orally administered levofloxacin in healthy subjects.
Boccumini, LE; Campbell, TA; Fowler, CL; Kaidbey, KH; Puertolas, LF, 2000)		2.01
"Levofloxacin has a powerful and rapid bactericidal activity, particularly against pneumococci, whatever the level of penicillin resistance."( [Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia with levofloxacin: 500 mg once a day or 500 mg twice a day?].
Bru, JP; Zuck, P, )		1.11
"Levofloxacin has a reduced CNS adverse event rate compared with ofloxacin."( Safety of the new fluoroquinolones compared with ciprofloxacin.
Ball, P, 2000)		1.03
"Levofloxacin has a very low phototoxicity-inducing potential confirmed by pre-clinical animal studies and the results of post-marketing surveillance (PMS)."( Latest industry information on the safety profile of levofloxacin in Japan.
Yagawa, K, 2001)		1.28
"Levofloxacin has been widely used for bacteremia prophylaxis in the pre-engraftment setting for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but data supporting this practice are inconsistent. "( Safety and Efficacy of Prophylactic Levofloxacin in Pediatric and Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients.
Courter, JD; Dandoy, CE; Davies, SM; Gardner, JC; Teusink-Cross, A, 2022)		2.44
"Levofloxacin has been considered as an alternative treatment for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection. "( Levofloxacin-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: risk factors and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in hospitalized patients.
Hsu, ST; Wang, CH; Wu, RX; Yu, CM, 2020)		3.44
"Levofloxacin has been recommended by the WHO for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and inhalable delivery of levofloxacin can be advantageous over conventional delivery."( Development and Optimization of Inhalable Levofloxacin Nanoparticles for The Treatment of Tuberculosis.
Chavda, J; Ghetiya, R; Shah, S; Soniwala, M, 2021)		2.33
"Levofloxacin has a wide spectrum of action, including most gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, including intracellularly located, unlike other fluoroquinolones, highly active against gram-positive cocci, including pneumococci which are resistant to penicillin, erythromycin."( [CHARACTERISTICS OF LEVOFLOXACIN AND ITS CLINICAL APPLICATION (REVIEW)].
Kovalenko, T; Krasnikova, L; Mishyna, M; Shtaniuk, E; Vovk, O, 2020)		1.6
"Levofloxacin has been proposed to replace clarithromycin for Helicobacter pylori treatment. "( Effect of fluoroquinolone resistance on 14-day levofloxacin triple and triple plus bismuth quadruple therapy.
Graham, DY; Liang, X; Liao, J; Liu, W; Lu, H; Sun, Q; Xiao, S; Zhang, W; Zheng, Q, 2013)		2.09
"Levofloxacin has achieved satisfactory bacterial eradication rates and clinical success across all available trials, similar to the antibiotic comparator. "( Levofloxacin for the treatment of pyelonephritis.
Debrix, I; Hertig, A; Rafat, C, 2013)		3.28
"Levofloxacin has been used as a surrogate marker to predict fluoroquinolone susceptibility in clinical laboratories."( Prevalence of first-step mutants among levofloxacin-susceptible isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in north Lebanon.
Allouche, S; Dabboussi, F; Hamze, M; Mallat, H, 2013)		1.38
"Levofloxacin has been reported to have cytotoxicity to chondrocytes in vitro. "( 17β-Estradiol protects against apoptosis induced by levofloxacin in rat nucleus pulposus cells by upregulating integrin α2β1.
Ding, WY; Gu, TX; Ma, L; Shen, Y; Song, YL; Sun, YP; Yang, DL; Yang, SD; Zhang, D; Zhang, F; Zhang, YZ, 2014)		2.1
"Levofloxacin (LVFX) has different effects depending on the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio. "( Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in Korean patients.
Ghim, JL; Jang, HJ; Jin, K; Joo, YD; Kiem, S; Kim, HK; Kim, YW; Lee, YM; Ryu, SM; Schentag, JJ; Shin, JG, 2016)		2.16
"Levofloxacin has not been reported in literature as a causative drug."( DRESS Syndrome Following Levofloxacin Exposure With Positive Patch-test.
Badri, T; Charfi, O; Daghfous, R; El Aidli, S; Kastalli, S; Lakhoua, G; Sahnoun, R; Zaïem, A, )		1.16
"Levofloxacin has been considered as a therapeutic agent based on in vitro susceptibility."( Risk factors and outcome of levofloxacin-resistant Elizabethkingia meningoseptica bacteraemia in adult patients in Taiwan.
Chan, YJ; Huang, YC; Huang, YW; Lin, YT; Wang, FD; Yang, TC, 2017)		1.47
"Levofloxacin, has twice the antimicrobial activity and same toxicity of ofloxacin."( Levofloxacin for prophylaxis in breast cancer surgery compared with ofloxacin.
Kinoshita, H; Koh, M; Morimoto, K, 2002)		2.48
"Levofloxacin has good coverage against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. "( Comparative antimicrobial activity of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Garrison, MW, 2003)		2.03
"Levofloxacin has been shown to be effective in Helicobacter pylori eradication. "( Levofloxacin-based triple therapy vs. quadruple therapy in second-line Helicobacter pylori treatment: a randomized trial.
Cammarota, G; Candelli, M; Carloni, E; Cazzato, IA; Cremonini, F; Di Caro, S; Gabrielli, M; Gasbarrini, A; Gasbarrini, G; Nista, EC; Ojetti, V; Santarelli, L; Zocco, MA, 2003)		3.2
"levofloxacin has proven to be successful reducing the recurrence rate."( [Mitigated erysipelas after implantation of foreign material].
Sauer, J; Seifert, A; Weyer, T, 2004)		1.04
"Levofloxacin has a high bioavailability and a broad antibacterial spectrum which covers the common pathogens found in acute and chronic diabetic foot infections. "( Tissue and serum levofloxacin concentrations in diabetic foot infection patients.
Baertsch, U; Born, B; Geiss, HK; Hamann, A; Hoppe-Tichy, T; Kusterer, K; Oberdorfer, K; Swoboda, S; von Baum, H, 2004)		2.11
"Levofloxacin has been proposed as an alternative for these refractory infections."( High levels of dual resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole and in vitro activity of levofloxacin against Helicobacter pylori isolates from patients after failure of therapy.
Branca, G; Cammarota, G; Fadda, G; Gasbarrini, A; Gasbarrini, GB; Schito, AM; Spanu, T, 2004)		1.26
"Levofloxacin has been proposed as an alternative to classic therapy in secondary resistance to Helicobacter pylori."( Role of the preliminary susceptibility testing for initial and after failed therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection with levofloxacin, amoxicillin, and esomeprazole.
Capodicasa, S; Cappello, G; Coraggio, D; Grossi, L; Marzio, L, 2006)		1.98
"Levofloxacin has excellent activity against common respiratory pathogens and therefore is likely to be effective in treating children with persistent or recurrent otitis media."( An open-label, double tympanocentesis study of levofloxacin therapy in children with, or at high risk for, recurrent or persistent acute otitis media.
Arguedas, A; Blumer, J; Dagan, R; Leibovitz, E; McNeeley, DF; Melkote, R; Noel, GJ; Pichichero, M, 2006)		2.03
"Levofloxacin has been evaluated for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in numerous randomized clinical trials."( Levofloxacin for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia.
File, TM; Lynch, JP; Zhanel, GG, 2006)		2.5
"Levofloxacin has established efficacy and safety in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults, and its use as an alternative therapy for children with CAP has been proposed."( Comparative study of levofloxacin in the treatment of children with community-acquired pneumonia.
Arguedas, A; Blumer, JL; Bradley, JS; Melkote, R; Noel, GJ; Sáez-Llorens, X, 2007)		2.1
"Levofloxacin has good tissue penetration and an adequate concentration can be maintained in the urinary tract to treat uropathogens."( Levofloxacin : a review of its use as a high-dose, short-course treatment for bacterial infection.
Anderson, VR; Perry, CM, 2008)		2.51
"Levofloxacin has a tolerability profile similar to that of other oral fluoroquinolones, with gastrointestinal and central nervous system effects reported most commonly."( Levofloxacin. A review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy.
Bryson, HM; Davis, R, 1994)		2.45
"Levofloxacin has enhanced activity against pneumococci compared with clinically available quinolones."( The bactericidal activity of levofloxacin compared with ofloxacin, D-ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin and cefotaxime against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
George, J; Morrissey, I, 1997)		1.31
"Levofloxacin has demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of community-acquired respiratory-tract infections, genitourinary infections, skin and skin-structure infections, acute bacterial sinusitis, and infections of the head and neck."( Levofloxacin and trovafloxacin: the next generation of fluoroquinolones?
Ernst, EJ; Ernst, ME; Klepser, ME, 1997)		2.46
"Levofloxacin has enhanced activity against gram-positive aerobic organisms, including penicillin-resistant pneumococci."( Levofloxacin: a therapeutic review.
Garrison, MW; Schoonover, L; Wimer, SM, )		2.3
"Levofloxacin has been reported to have in vitro activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. "( Bactericidal activity of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin on clinical isolates of different phenotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Amicosante, G; Franceschini, N; Marchetti, F; Perilli, M; Segatore, B; Setacci, D, 2000)		2.05
"Levofloxacin has a low photosensitizing potential when administered to healthy subjects."( Photoreaction potential of orally administered levofloxacin in healthy subjects.
Boccumini, LE; Campbell, TA; Fowler, CL; Kaidbey, KH; Puertolas, LF, 2000)		2.01
"Levofloxacin has a powerful and rapid bactericidal activity, particularly against pneumococci, whatever the level of penicillin resistance."( [Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia with levofloxacin: 500 mg once a day or 500 mg twice a day?].
Bru, JP; Zuck, P, )		1.11
"Levofloxacin has such an activity profile."( A population pharmacokinetic analysis of the penetration of the prostate by levofloxacin.
Boccumini, L; Corrado, M; Drusano, GL; Gombert, M; Kahn, J; North, D; Oefelein, M; Preston, SL; Van Guilder, M; Weisinger, B, 2000)		1.26
"Levofloxacin has been involved in only a few case reports of adverse events, which include QTc prolongation, seizures, glucose disturbances, and tendonitis."( A risk-benefit assessment of levofloxacin in respiratory, skin and skin structure, and urinary tract infections.
Garvin, CG; Jung, R; Martin, SJ, 2001)		1.32
"Levofloxacin has a reduced CNS adverse event rate compared with ofloxacin."( Safety of the new fluoroquinolones compared with ciprofloxacin.
Ball, P, 2000)		1.03
"Levofloxacin has a very low phototoxicity-inducing potential confirmed by pre-clinical animal studies and the results of post-marketing surveillance (PMS)."( Latest industry information on the safety profile of levofloxacin in Japan.
Yagawa, K, 2001)		1.28

Actions

Levofloxacin displays in vitro activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (STM), however, current susceptibility breakpoints are supported by limited data. The drug can cause severe thrombocytopenia.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Levofloxacin displays in vitro activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (STM); however, current susceptibility breakpoints are supported by limited data. "( Levofloxacin pharmacodynamics against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a neutropenic murine thigh infection model: implications for susceptibility breakpoint revision.
Fratoni, AJ; Kuti, JL; Nicolau, DP, 2021)		3.51
"Levofloxacin can cause severe thrombocytopenia. "( Levofloxacin-induced severe thrombocytopenia.
Polprasert, C; Prayongratana, K, 2009)		3.24
"Levofloxacin may produce a faster clinical response than older macrolides, allowing for shorter hospital stay."( Clinical outcomes for hospitalized patients with Legionella pneumonia in the antigenuria era: the influence of levofloxacin therapy.
Carratalà, J; Dorca, J; Fernández-Sabé, N; Gudiol, F; Manresa, F; Mykietiuk, A; Verdaguer, R, 2005)		1.26
"The levofloxacin group had a lower rate of microbiologically documented infections (absolute difference in risk, -17 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, -24 to -10 percent; P<0.001), bacteremias (difference in risk, -16 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, -22 to -9 percent; P<0.001), and single-agent gram-negative bacteremias (difference in risk, -7 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, -10 to -2 percent; P<0.01) than did the placebo group."( Levofloxacin to prevent bacterial infection in patients with cancer and neutropenia.
Allione, B; Amadori, S; Bucaneve, G; Buelli, M; Cantaffa, R; Cilloni, D; D'Antonio, D; Del Favero, A; Deliliers, GL; Dionisi, MS; Fabbiano, F; Foà, R; Lauria, F; Martinelli, G; Martino, P; Menichetti, F; Micozzi, A; Nosari, AM; Specchia, G; Zuffa, E, 2005)		2.25

Treatment

Levofloxacin is used for treatment and prevention of rifampicin-resistant (RR)-TB in children. The drug was associated with lower relative and absolute risks of sudden cardiac death.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"levofloxacin treatment was associated with lower relative and absolute risks of sudden cardiac death, weighted hazard ratio of 0.79 (0.64 to 0.96) and weighted risk difference per 100,000 treatment episodes of -18.9 (-35.5 to -3.8)."( Azithromycin use increases the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with hemodialysis-dependent kidney failure.
Al-Khatib, SM; Assimon, MM; Brookhart, MA; Flythe, JE; Pun, PH; Wang, L; Weber, DJ; Winkelmayer, WC, 2022)		1.44
"Levofloxacin-treated mice showed differential transcriptomic profiles between peripheral and axial joints and intestines."( Levofloxacin induces differential effects in the transcriptome between the gut, peripheral and axial joints in the Spondyloarthritis DBA/1 mice: Improvement of intestinal dysbiosis and the overall inflammatory process.
Alvarado-Jáquez, MF; Bernal-Alferes, BJ; Burgos-Vargas, R; Chaparro-Barrera, E; Cuevas-Martínez, R; Espino-Solís, GP; González-Chávez, SA; López-Loeza, SM; Marín-Terrazas, C; Orrantia-Borunda, E; Pacheco-Tena, C; Romero-López, JP; Salas-Leiva, DE; Salas-Leiva, JS; Sausameda-García, J; Torres-Quintana, M, 2023)		3.07
"Levofloxacin is used for treatment and prevention of rifampicin-resistant (RR)-TB in children. "( Pharmacokinetics and optimized dosing of dispersible and non-dispersible levofloxacin formulations in young children.
Denti, P; Draper, HR; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; Palmer, M; Schaaf, HS; van der Laan, LE; Wiesner, L, 2023)		2.58
"Levofloxacin treatment did not affect the cytokine mRNA level and nuclear factor-κB-dependent promoter activity."( Levofloxacin reduces inflammatory cytokine levels in human bronchial epithelia cells: implications for aerosol MP-376 (levofloxacin solution for inhalation) treatment of chronic pulmonary infections.
Dudley, MN; Griffith, DC; Lomovskaya, O; Sabet, M; Tarazi, Z; Tsivkovskii, R, 2011)		2.53
"Levofloxacin treatment was stopped and the patient made a full recovery."( Acute hepatitis associated with the use of levofloxacin.
Figueira-Coelho, J; Mendonça, P; Neta, J; Neves-Costa, J; Pereira, O; Picado, B, 2010)		1.34
"Levofloxacin treatment abolished bacteremia within 24 h in animals with confirmed pre-infusion bacteremia, and reduced tachypnea and leukocytosis but not fever during the first 2 days of infusions."( Levofloxacin cures experimental pneumonic plague in African green monkeys.
Barr, EB; Brasel, TL; Gigliotti, AP; Koster, F; Layton, RC; McDonald, JD; Mega, W, 2011)		2.53
"Levofloxacin-based treatment for H. "( Levofloxacin versus clarithromycin in a 10 day triple therapy regimen for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication: a single-blind randomized clinical trial.
Aresti-Zárate, S; Ayestarán, B; Campos, MR; Carrascosa, MF; Cobo, M; Cuadrado-Lavín, A; Dierssen-Sotos, T; Fernández-Pousa, A; González-Colominas, E; Hernández, M; Pascual, EL; Salcines-Caviedes, JR, 2012)		3.26
"Levofloxacin treatment at 24 hours, but not at 0 hours, resulted in a significant decrease in the number of C."( Effect of levofloxacin on the viability of intracellular Chlamydia pneumoniae and modulation of proinflammatory cytokine production by human monocytes.
Baltch, AL; Bopp, LH; Carlyn, CJ; Carpenter, AN; Hibbs, JR; Michelsen, PB; Ritz, WJ; Smith, RP, 2004)		1.45
"Levofloxacin treatment was supplemented with piperacillin/tazobactam."( Failure of levofloxacin treatment in community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia.
Bettaccini, AA; Brigante, G; Endimiani, A; Grossi, P; Luzzaro, F; Toniolo, AQ, 2005)		1.44
"For levofloxacin-treated CAP patients with P."( Pneumonia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa: the levofloxacin clinical trials experience.
Davis, NB; Kahn, J; Tennenberg, AM; Wu, SC, 2006)		1.07
"For levofloxacin-treated mice, 2 of 7 (29%) isolates with a levofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 4 times that of the infecting parent strain had ParC mutations."( Short-course therapy of gemifloxacin effective against pneumococcal pneumonia in mice.
Bast, DJ; de Azavedo, JC; Dresser, L; Duncan, CL; Low, DE; Mandell, LA; Walker, SE, 2006)		0.81
"Levofloxacin treatment had no effect on IL-6 activities and concentrations in uninfected broilers."( Role of interleukin-6 in the pathogenesis of an avian model of Staphylococcus aureus arthritis.
Cheng, GF; Gu, CQ; Hu, XY; Li, XM; Wang, DH; Zhou, Q; Zhou, SQ, 2007)		1.06
"Levofloxacin-treated mice (40 mg/kg once a day) showed no evidence of pyelonephritis in the kidneys, whereas the kidneys of mice treated with the same dose of ciprofloxacin showed only a reduction in the severity of the lesions."( In vivo efficacies of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in acute murine hematogenous pyelonephritis induced by methicillin-susceptible and-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains.
Barrett, JF; Frosco, MB; Kulwich, BA; Licata, L; Melton, JL; Stewart, FP, 1996)		1.33
"Levofloxacin treatment failed in a patient who had pneumococcal pneumonia and had received three previous courses of levofloxacin therapy."( Levofloxacin treatment failure in a patient with fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia.
Denys, GA; Kays, MB; Smith, DW; Wack, ME, 2002)		2.48
"Treatment with levofloxacin in patients with heart disease increases the risk of QT prolongation."( Analysis of QTc Interval during Levofloxacin Prescription in Cardiac Patients with Pneumonia.
Khajavian, S; Moradi, F; Rajabian, M; Ruzbahani, M; Shahbazi, F; Shahsavari, S; Shojaei, L; Tamasoki, N, 2020)		1.19
"When treated with levofloxacin for 24 hours, cell viability decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. "( Therapeutic Effect of the Quinolone Levofloxacin on Inflammatory Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes.
Gao, F; Liu, LM; Song, JT; Zhang, H, 2019)		1.12
"Treatment with levofloxacin was more effective than conventional triple therapy. "( Efficacy of PPI, levofloxacin and amoxicillin in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori compared to conventional triple therapy at a Venezuelan hospital.
Alvarez, B; Cruz, ME; Dib, J; Mendez, L, 2013)		1.08
"Treatment with levofloxacin (commencing at 4 dpi) significantly reduced the BLI signal."( A Bioluminescent Francisella tularensis SCHU S4 Strain Enables Noninvasive Tracking of Bacterial Dissemination and the Evaluation of Antibiotics in an Inhalational Mouse Model of Tularemia.
Atkins, HS; Flick-Smith, HC; Hall, CA; Harding, SV; Titball, RW, 2016)		0.77
"Treatment with levofloxacin was stopped, and a complete resolution of the patient's delirium was observed 2 days later."( Levofloxacin-induced delirium.
Elias, N; Odeh, M; Sabetay, S; Sheikh-Ahmad, M; Slobodin, G; Weller, B; Zaygraikin, N, 2009)		2.14
"Treatment with levofloxacin-BsP reduced the number of organisms more significantly than eye drops containing levofloxacin alone."( Novel mucoadhesive polysaccharide isolated from Bletilla striata improves the intraocular penetration and efficacy of levofloxacin in the topical treatment of experimental bacterial keratitis.
Chen, H; Jiang, HR; Wu, XG; Xin, M; Yang, LN, 2010)		0.91
"Treatment with levofloxacin could not prevent abortion."( An unusual cause of sepsis during pregnancy: recognizing infection with chlamydophila abortus.
Brezinka, C; Gritsch, W; Hotzel, H; Ploner, F; Tauber, R; Walder, G; Würzner, R, 2005)		0.67
"Pretreatment with levofloxacin at 4x MIC caused the greatest degree of growth inhibition (2 log10)."( Effect of levofloxacin, erythromycin or rifampicin pretreatment on growth of Legionella pneumophila in human monocytes.
Baltch, AL; Franke, M; Hioe, W; Michelsen, P; Ritz, W; Smith, RP, 1997)		1.02
"The treatment was levofloxacin (500 mg/d) and rifampicin (600 mg/d)."( [Tolerability and safety of levofloxacinin long-term treatment].
Almela, M; Alvárez, JL; García, S; Mensa, J; Ortega, M; Soriano, A; Soriano, E; Tomás, X, 2000)		0.92
"Treatment of levofloxacine 300 mg a day for 5 days successfully eliminated S."( [A Shigella sonnei outbreak in Nagasaki].
Hamamoto, A; Ishii, Y; Kinosita, K; Kohno, S; Suyama, N, 2000)		0.66

Toxicity

Levofloxacin-tinidazole-based triple therapy was highly effective and safe as a first-line regimen in Indian patients with gastroduodenal ulcer disease associated with H.3% did not differ in adverse event incidence, except for transient mild/moderate dysgeusia. Topical levofl Oxacin is well tolerated, it rarely causes systemic or ocular adverse events.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" LD50 values were 1,881 mg/kg for males and 1,803 mg/kg for females in mice, 1,478 mg/kg for males and 1,507 mg/kg for females in rats and more than 250 mg/kg in females monkeys."( Acute oral toxicity of the new quinolone antibacterial agent levofloxacin in mice, rats and monkeys.
Akahane, K; Furuhama, K; Kato, M; Takayama, S; Yoshida, M, 1992)		0.52
" No adverse effects on fertility or teratogenicity were noted at any dose."( Reproductive toxicity of the new quinolone antibacterial agent levofloxacin in rats and rabbits.
Fujikawa, K; Harada, S; Ohura, K; Sasaki, T; Takayama, S; Watanabe, T, 1992)		0.52
" The most frequently reported drug-related adverse events were nausea and headache."( Double-blind evaluation of the safety and pharmacokinetics of multiple oral once-daily 750-milligram and 1-gram doses of levofloxacin in healthy volunteers.
Callery-D'Amico, SV; Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Fowler, CL; Nayak, R; Williams, RR; Wong, FA, 1998)		0.51
"Levofloxacin-induced-neurological adverse events such as convulsion, involuntary movement (tremor, myoclonus and chorea-like) and visual hallucination in two elderly patients are reported."( [Levofloxacin-induced neurological adverse effects such as convulsion, involuntary movement (tremor, myoclonus and chorea like), visual hallucination in two elderly patients].
Fukayama, M; Inamatsu, T; Kita, Y; Masuda, Y; Yasuda, H; Yoshida, A, 1999)		2.66
"3%, respectively, experienced adverse events related or possibly related to the study therapy."( Efficacy and safety of oral levofloxacin compared with clarithromycin in the treatment of acute sinusitis in adults: a multicentre, double-blind, randomized study. The Canadian Sinusitis Study Group.
Anstey, RJ; Lasko, B; Lau, CY; Martel, A; Reddington, JL; Saint-Pierre, C, 1998)		0.59
" The overall incidence of any adverse effect was 70% (1,000 mg) to 95% (750 mg) for levofloxacin-treated patients and 71% for those taking the placebo."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of high-dose and extended-interval regimens of levofloxacin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
Baird, B; Chow, AT; Fowler, CL; Masur, H; Natarajan, J; Piscitelli, SC; Spooner, K; Walker, RE; Williams, RR, 1999)		0.76
" No adverse reactions were observed in seven patients (46%)."( [Tolerability and safety of levofloxacinin long-term treatment].
Almela, M; Alvárez, JL; García, S; Mensa, J; Ortega, M; Soriano, A; Soriano, E; Tomás, X, 2000)		0.6
" During clinical trials, 12 per cent of patients treated with levofloxacin experienced an adverse event considered to be related to the study drug compared with 13 per cent of the patients with a comparator."( [Levofloxacin adverse effects, data from clinical trials and pharmacovigilance].
Carbon, C, )		1.28
" Ciprofloxacin is well tolerated; the incidence of adverse events is low and serious adverse events are rare."( Safety of the new fluoroquinolones compared with ciprofloxacin.
Ball, P, 2000)		0.31
" Severe drug adverse events were noted for enoxacin, pefloxacin and fleroxacin, which were phototoxic."( History of quinolones and their side effects.
Rubinstein, E, 2001)		0.31
"The side-effect profile of levofloxacin was compared with that of other fluoroquinolones based on European and international data from approximately 130 million prescriptions."( Comparison of side effects of levofloxacin versus other fluoroquinolones.
Carbon, C, 2001)		0.9
"This paper focuses on the development of four major adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with some fluoroquinolones: convulsions, phototoxicity, cardiac effects, and hepatotoxicity."( Latest industry information on the safety profile of levofloxacin in Japan.
Yagawa, K, 2001)		0.56
" This case series describes the probable association between multiple adverse events and the use of pyrazinamide and levofloxacin in the treatment of individuals with suspected latent multidrug-resistant tuberculosis infection."( Adverse events associated with pyrazinamide and levofloxacin in the treatment of latent multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Dolovich, LR; Holbrook, A; Loeb, M; Papastavros, T; Whitehead, L, 2002)		0.78
" The Naranjo scale was used to assess patients for musculoskeletal, central nervous system, gastrointestinal and dermatological adverse events."( Adverse events associated with pyrazinamide and levofloxacin in the treatment of latent multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Dolovich, LR; Holbrook, A; Loeb, M; Papastavros, T; Whitehead, L, 2002)		0.57
"Fourteen individuals developed musculoskeletal adverse effects (11 were deemed to be probably related to combination therapy)."( Adverse events associated with pyrazinamide and levofloxacin in the treatment of latent multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Dolovich, LR; Holbrook, A; Loeb, M; Papastavros, T; Whitehead, L, 2002)		0.57
" Given the severity of some of the adverse events, a better understanding of dosing and clearer guidelines for monitoring therapy are imperative if these drugs are to be prescribed together."( Adverse events associated with pyrazinamide and levofloxacin in the treatment of latent multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Dolovich, LR; Holbrook, A; Loeb, M; Papastavros, T; Whitehead, L, 2002)		0.57
"Both treatments were well-tolerated, with the majority of adverse events being GI in nature."( Efficacy and safety of azithromycin vs levofloxacin in the outpatient treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.
Amsden, GW; Baird, IM; Simon, S; Treadway, G, 2003)		0.59
"5% levofloxacin ophthalmic solution was found to be safe and effective in treating pediatric bacterial conjunctivitis."( Efficacy and safety of 0.5% levofloxacin ophthalmic solution for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis in pediatric patients.
Lichtenstein, SJ; Rinehart, M, 2003)		1.23
"Although it is well known that a variety of antibacterials may incidentally cause malignant arrhythmia, the list of drugs causing arrhythmia and the impact of these adverse effects are still uncertain."( Generating signals of drug-adverse effects from prescription databases and application to the risk of arrhythmia associated with antibacterials.
Bagnardi, V; Botteri, E; Carobbio, A; Corrao, G; Falcone, C; Leoni, O; Zambon, A, 2005)		0.33
"A novel microsphere formulation of azithromycin given as a single dose was safe and effective for the treatment of ABS."( Efficacy and safety of a novel, single-dose azithromycin microsphere formulation versus 10 days of levofloxacin for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis in adults.
Breen, JD; Emparanza, P; Lesinskas, E; Murray, JJ; Tawadrous, M, 2005)		0.55
"To compare overall rate of major adverse events associated with levofloxacin-containing regimen to standard therapy."( Levofloxacin treatment of active tuberculosis and the risk of adverse events.
Elwood, RK; FitzGerald, JM; Marra, CA; Marra, F; Moadebi, S; Shi, P; Stark, G, 2005)		2.01
" Drug safety was assessed by evaluation of the nature of the adverse event, the likelihood of association with the study medications, and severity."( Levofloxacin treatment of active tuberculosis and the risk of adverse events.
Elwood, RK; FitzGerald, JM; Marra, CA; Marra, F; Moadebi, S; Shi, P; Stark, G, 2005)		1.77
" There were no significant differences between the two groups except for indication (82% of patients in the levofloxacin group had an antecedent adverse event to first-line TB drugs, whereas 18% received levofloxacin because of resistance) and concurrent use of first-line drugs (majority of patients in the levofloxacin arm were not receiving concurrent isoniazid or rifampin)."( Levofloxacin treatment of active tuberculosis and the risk of adverse events.
Elwood, RK; FitzGerald, JM; Marra, CA; Marra, F; Moadebi, S; Shi, P; Stark, G, 2005)		1.98
"Concomitant use of a levofloxacin-containing regimen resulted in a similar rate of adverse events compared with conventional first-line regimens when used for treatment of active TB, despite a history of adverse events."( Levofloxacin treatment of active tuberculosis and the risk of adverse events.
Elwood, RK; FitzGerald, JM; Marra, CA; Marra, F; Moadebi, S; Shi, P; Stark, G, 2005)		2.09
" Safety evaluations included 72 h of digital continuous 12-lead Holter monitoring, 12-lead ECGs at baseline and at maximum serum concentration on day 3, and adverse events."( A randomized trial comparing the cardiac rhythm safety of moxifloxacin vs levofloxacin in elderly patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.
Anzueto, A; Choudhri, S; Dimarco, JP; Morganroth, J; Niederman, MS, 2005)		0.56
" There were no statistically significant differences between the treatment groups with regard to drug-related adverse events."( Community-Acquired Pneumonia Recovery in the Elderly (CAPRIE): efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin therapy versus that of levofloxacin therapy.
Anzueto, A; Choudhri, SH; Heyder, A; Niederman, MS; Pearle, J; Restrepo, MI, 2006)		0.54
"Intravenous/oral moxifloxacin therapy was efficacious and safe for hospitalized elderly patients with CAP, achieving > 90% cure in all severity and age subgroups, and was associated with faster clinical recovery than intravenous/oral levofloxacin therapy, with a comparable safety profile."( Community-Acquired Pneumonia Recovery in the Elderly (CAPRIE): efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin therapy versus that of levofloxacin therapy.
Anzueto, A; Choudhri, SH; Heyder, A; Niederman, MS; Pearle, J; Restrepo, MI, 2006)		0.72
"5 million adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports for 8620 drugs/biologics that are listed for 1191 Coding Symbols for Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction (COSTAR) terms of adverse effects."( Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
Benz, RD; Contrera, JF; Kruhlak, NL; Matthews, EJ; Weaver, JL, 2004)		0.32
" Adverse effects noted were nausea in 4 patients, vomiting in one and meteorism in another one, which were all difficult to distinguish from the enteric infection."( Open study on efficacy and safety of levofloxacin in treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever.
Chen, K; Nelwan, RH; Paramita, D, 2006)		0.61
"We compared adverse event data for levofloxacin 500 mg and 750 mg from clinical trials in acute bacterial sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, and community-acquired pneumonia."( Comparison of the adverse event profiles of levofloxacin 500 mg and 750 mg in clinical trials for the treatment of respiratory infections.
Kahn, JB; Khashab, MM; Xiang, J, 2006)		0.87
"Given similar adverse event profiles and the advantages of higher dose therapy, including shorter courses of therapy and potential impact on preventing resistance, clinicians should consider utilizing the 750 mg dose of levofloxacin when choosing between dosage strengths for treatment of indicated infections."( Comparison of the adverse event profiles of levofloxacin 500 mg and 750 mg in clinical trials for the treatment of respiratory infections.
Kahn, JB; Khashab, MM; Xiang, J, 2006)		0.78
" Adverse events were mild."( [Efficacy and safety of levofloxacin treatment of community--acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients].
Chazan, R; Grabczak, M; Karwat, KJ, 2006)		0.64
" Incidence of adverse events in children randomized to receive levofloxacin versus nonfluoroquinolone antibiotics was compared."( Comparative safety profile of levofloxacin in 2523 children with a focus on four specific musculoskeletal disorders.
Arguedas, A; Bagchi, P; Balis, DA; Blumer, JL; Bradley, JS; Duffy, CM; Gerbino, PG; Kauffman, RE; Noel, GJ, 2007)		0.87
"Levofloxacin was well tolerated during and for 1 month after therapy as evidenced by similar incidence and character of adverse events compared with nonfluoroquinolone antibiotics."( Comparative safety profile of levofloxacin in 2523 children with a focus on four specific musculoskeletal disorders.
Arguedas, A; Bagchi, P; Balis, DA; Blumer, JL; Bradley, JS; Duffy, CM; Gerbino, PG; Kauffman, RE; Noel, GJ, 2007)		2.07
"In vitro cell cultures are useful for evaluating cell response to potentially toxic insults, although cell cultures may lack tissue components that may prevent or ameliorate damage in vivo."( Intrinsic cytotoxic effects of fluoroquinolones on human corneal keratocytes and endothelial cells.
Bezwada, P; Clark, LA; Schneider, S, 2008)		0.35
" Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea were the most frequently reported adverse events."( Efficacy and safety of tigecycline versus levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia.
Calistru, PI; Castaing, N; Chernyak, V; Cooper, CA; Dartois, N; Gandjini, H; Milutinovic, S; Strausz, J; Tanaseanu, C; Zolubas, M, 2009)		0.62
" The most common adverse drug reactions were gastrointestinal disorders (3."( [The clinical efficacy and safety of intravenous levofloxacin in the treatment of 4888 patients with bacterial infections: a multi-center trial].
, 2009)		0.61
"Intravenous levofloxacin with a dose of 500 mg once a day is effective and safe in treating bacterial infections with low adverse reactions."( [The clinical efficacy and safety of intravenous levofloxacin in the treatment of 4888 patients with bacterial infections: a multi-center trial].
, 2009)		0.99
" Safety and tolerability parameters included visual acuity, ophthalmoscopy, biomicroscopy, rose bengal staining, and adverse effects."( Tear concentration and safety of levofloxacin ophthalmic solution 1.5% compared with ofloxacin ophthalmic solution 0.3% after topical administration in healthy adult volunteers.
Holdbrook, M; Krebs, W; Rinehart, M; Walters, T, 2010)		0.64
"3% did not differ in adverse event incidence, except for transient mild/moderate dysgeusia (14% of levofloxacin-treated subjects versus 4% of ofloxacin-treated subjects)."( Tear concentration and safety of levofloxacin ophthalmic solution 1.5% compared with ofloxacin ophthalmic solution 0.3% after topical administration in healthy adult volunteers.
Holdbrook, M; Krebs, W; Rinehart, M; Walters, T, 2010)		0.86
"5% produced tear fluid concentrations that were well above the minimum inhibitory concentration90 for typical ocular pathogens and was safe and well tolerated."( Tear concentration and safety of levofloxacin ophthalmic solution 1.5% compared with ofloxacin ophthalmic solution 0.3% after topical administration in healthy adult volunteers.
Holdbrook, M; Krebs, W; Rinehart, M; Walters, T, 2010)		0.64
" Although very useful agents, the fluoroquinolones as a class are associated with a number of adverse events, some with considerable clinical significance."( Safety profile of the fluoroquinolones: focus on levofloxacin.
Liu, HH, 2010)		0.62
" An understanding of structure-activity relationships (SARs) of chemicals can make a significant contribution to the identification of potential toxic effects early in the drug development process and aid in avoiding such problems."( Developing structure-activity relationships for the prediction of hepatotoxicity.
Fisk, L; Greene, N; Naven, RT; Note, RR; Patel, ML; Pelletier, DJ, 2010)		0.36
" There was no difference among the treatment groups with regard to the incidence and severity of adverse events reported."( Efficacy and safety of Levofloxacin, Clarithromycin and Esomeprazol as first line triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in Middle East. Prospective, randomized, blind, comparative, multicenter study.
Abdelfatah, M; Assem, M; El Azab, G; Rasheed, MA; Shastery, M, 2010)		0.67
" All three treatments were well tolerated, and no drug-related serious adverse events were observed."( Efficacy and safety of nemonoxacin versus levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia.
Bester, AJ; Chang, LW; Chang, YT; Chung, DT; Ho, ML; Hsu, MC; Kasumba, J; King, CH; Mitha, IH; Perng, RP; van Rensburg, DJ; Wu, RG, 2010)		0.62
" Doripenem was generally found to be safe and well tolerated."( Safety and efficacy of intravenous doripenem for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis.
Damiao, R; Davies, T; Kaniga, K; Kotey, P; Naber, KG; Redman, R, 2010)		0.36
" However there is insufficient toxic information about levofloxacin n-oxide."( In silico and in vitro genotoxicity evaluation of levofloxacin n-oxide, an impurity in levofloxacin.
Guo, M; Li, J; Li, T; Wang, W; Zhang, X; Zhu, Q, 2012)		0.88
"This randomized, prospective, multicenter, open-label study was designed to test whether a topical, electrolyzed, superoxidized solution (Microcyn Rx) is a safe and effective treatment for mildly infected diabetic foot ulcers."( An open-label, three-arm pilot study of the safety and efficacy of topical Microcyn Rx wound care versus oral levofloxacin versus combined therapy for mild diabetic foot infections.
Blume, PA; Gutierrez, A; Jordan, DA; Landsman, A; Vayser, D, )		0.34
"Microcyn Rx is safe and at least as effective as oral levofloxacin for mild diabetic foot infections."( An open-label, three-arm pilot study of the safety and efficacy of topical Microcyn Rx wound care versus oral levofloxacin versus combined therapy for mild diabetic foot infections.
Blume, PA; Gutierrez, A; Jordan, DA; Landsman, A; Vayser, D, )		0.59
"The physicochemical properties of racemates and stereoisomers of medicines can differ significantly, and this may affect the side-effect profile in addition to the pharmacokinetics and intended pharmacology."( Safety profile of enantiomers vs. racemic mixtures: it's the same?
Bagheri, H; Caillet, C; Chauvelot-Moachon, L; Montastruc, JL, 2012)		0.38
"This is a study to investigate the profile of adverse drug reactions of racemic and enantiomeric forms of drugs."( Safety profile of enantiomers vs. racemic mixtures: it's the same?
Bagheri, H; Caillet, C; Chauvelot-Moachon, L; Montastruc, JL, 2012)		0.38
" A case-noncase approach was used to measure the disproportionality of combination between adverse drug reaction (ADR) and exposure to drug."( Safety profile of enantiomers vs. racemic mixtures: it's the same?
Bagheri, H; Caillet, C; Chauvelot-Moachon, L; Montastruc, JL, 2012)		0.38
" Vigamox(®) containing moxifloxacin and Tosuflo(®) containing tosufloxacin were more toxic when compared with the other antibiotics."( In vitro assessment of the cytotoxicity of six topical antibiotics to four cultured ocular surface cell lines.
Ayaki, M; Iwasawa, A; Niwano, Y, 2012)		0.38
" Bacterial clearance rate, clinical symptoms/signs, adverse reactions and disease recurrence were assessed."( Safety and efficacy of levofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin for the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis in Chinese patients.
Guo, YL; Jin, FS; Liu, DM; Shen, ZJ; Sun, YH; Zhang, ZC, 2012)		0.69
" An increase in toxicity was observed during chlorination suggesting that the first transformations products formed were more toxic than the parent compound."( Aqueous chlorination of levofloxacin: kinetic and mechanistic study, transformation product identification and toxicity.
Deborde, M; El Najjar, NH; Journel, R; Vel Leitner, NK, 2013)		0.7
" More patients treated with levofloxacin than with solithromycin experienced treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) during the study (45."( Randomized, double-blind, multicenter phase 2 study comparing the efficacy and safety of oral solithromycin (CEM-101) to those of oral levofloxacin in the treatment of patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia.
Clark, K; Craft, JC; Das, A; Fernandes, P; Jamieson, BD; Oldach, D; Schranz, J; Scott, D, 2013)		0.89
" No adverse drug reactions were observed."( [Efficacy and safety of levofloxacin to non-gonorrheal urethritis].
Hosobe, T; Kato, T; Onodera, S; Onoe, Y; Yoshida, M, 2012)		0.69
"Quinolones have been reported to induce adverse effects on articular cartilage, tendons and ligaments."( Cytotoxic effects of the quinolone levofloxacin on rabbit meniscus cells.
Cao, H; Chen, B; Chen, L; Deng, Y; Fei, X; Magdalou, J; Tan, Y; Wang, H; Wang, L; Wu, Y, 2014)		0.68
" These products might be ozone-resistant and more toxic to Vibrio fisheri than levofloxacin."( Levofloxacin oxidation by ozone and hydroxyl radicals: kinetic study, transformation products and toxicity.
Deborde, M; Hamdi El Najjar, N; Journel, R; Leitner, NK; Touffet, A, 2013)		2.06
" The case of a 53-year-old female patient with toxic hepatitis due to levofloxacin and multiple organ failure secondary to toxic hepatitis is presented."( Levofloxacin-induced hepatotoxicity and death.
Acikalin, A; Avci, A; Ay, MO; Gulen, M; Icme, F, )		1.81
" However, there is insufficient toxic information about descarboxyl levofloxacin."( In silico and in vitro genotoxicity evaluation of descarboxyl levofloxacin, an impurity in levofloxacin.
Li, J; Li, T; Wang, W; Wei, X; Zhu, Q, 2014)		0.88
" Our study aimed to assess whether moxifloxacin in comparison to levofloxacin plus metronidazole are effective and safe in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia with aspiration factors."( Clinical efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin versus levofloxacin plus metronidazole for community-acquired pneumonia with aspiration factors.
Li, F; Liu, Y; Pu, C; Ren, X; Ren, Y; Sui, DJ; Sun, L; Sun, T; Wang, R; Yang, Z, 2014)		0.89
" The overall adverse event rate was 10."( Clinical efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin versus levofloxacin plus metronidazole for community-acquired pneumonia with aspiration factors.
Li, F; Liu, Y; Pu, C; Ren, X; Ren, Y; Sui, DJ; Sun, L; Sun, T; Wang, R; Yang, Z, 2014)		0.65
"Moxifloxacin is effective and safe for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia with aspiration factors."( Clinical efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin versus levofloxacin plus metronidazole for community-acquired pneumonia with aspiration factors.
Li, F; Liu, Y; Pu, C; Ren, X; Ren, Y; Sui, DJ; Sun, L; Sun, T; Wang, R; Yang, Z, 2014)		0.65
"Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the most common drug-induced adverse events (AEs) leading to life-threatening conditions such as acute liver failure."( Construction and analysis of a human hepatotoxicity database suitable for QSAR modeling using post-market safety data.
Kruhlak, NL; Zhu, X, 2014)		0.4
" The primary outcome was death and secondary outcome measures were 6 month disability, repeat MRI changes and serious adverse events (SAEs)."( Safety and efficacy of levofloxacin versus rifampicin in tuberculous meningitis: an open-label randomized controlled trial.
Bhoi, SK; Kalita, J; Misra, UK; Prasad, S, 2014)		0.71
" The incidence of adverse reactions in the patients whose safety was evaluated was 15."( Efficacy and safety of levofloxacin in patients with bacterial pneumonia evaluated according to the new "Clinical Evaluation Methods for New Antimicrobial Agents to Treat Respiratory Infections (Second Version)".
Kadota, J; Kakeya, H; Kawanami, T; Kohno, S; Mukae, H; Tokimatsu, I; Yamamoto, Y; Yanagihara, K; Yatera, K, 2014)		0.71
" Nine patients (2 with liver dysfunction, 6 with renal dysfunction and 1 with thrombocytopenia) out of 62 patients were reported to have possible adverse effects of LVFX."( [Efficacy and safety of levofloxacin in patients with nursing and healthcare-associated pneumonia].
Akata, K; Awaya, Y; Chojin, Y; Hara, K; Hata, R; Inoue, N; Ishimoto, H; Kato, K; Kawanami, T; Kawanami, Y; Mukae, H; Naito, K; Nishida, C; Noguchi, S; Obata, H; Oda, K; Ogoshi, T; Orihashi, T; Sasahara, Y; Shimabukuro, I; Shiraishi, T; Suzuki, Y; Tachiwada, T; Takaki, T; Taura, Y; Tokuyama, S; Tsuda, T; Uchimura, K; Yamasaki, K; Yatera, K; Yoshida, Y; Yoshii, C, 2014)		0.71
"Children enrolled in treatment studies were also enrolled in a 1-year follow-up safety study, which; focused on musculoskeletal adverse events (MSAE)."( Assessment of musculoskeletal toxicity 5 years after therapy with levofloxacin.
Balis, DA; Bradley, JS; Duffy, CM; Gerbino, PG; Kauffman, RE; Maldonado, SD; Noel, GJ, 2014)		0.64
"Fluoroquinolones are in wide clinical use as safe and effective antibiotics."( Toxic effects of levofloxacin on rat annulus fibrosus cells: an in-vitro study.
Bai, ZL; Chen, Q; Ding, WY; Wang, HY; Yang, DL; Yang, SD; Zhang, F, 2014)		0.74
"Our study results suggest that levofloxacin has cytotoxic effects on RAF cells, characterized by enhancing apoptosis and reducing cell viability, and indicate a potential toxic effect of fluoroquinolones on RAF cells."( Toxic effects of levofloxacin on rat annulus fibrosus cells: an in-vitro study.
Bai, ZL; Chen, Q; Ding, WY; Wang, HY; Yang, DL; Yang, SD; Zhang, F, 2014)		1.03
" There were no significant differences between the groups in regard to the eradication rates and adverse events."( Comparison of efficacy and safety of levofloxacin-containing versus standard sequential therapy in eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in Korea.
Hong, SN; Kim, JJ; Lee, H; Lee, JH; Lee, YC; Min, BH; Rhee, PL, 2015)		0.69
" LIS was well-tolerated, with dysgeusia (taste distortion) as the most frequent adverse event."( A phase 3, open-label, randomized trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of levofloxacin inhalation solution (APT-1026) versus tobramycin inhalation solution in stable cystic fibrosis patients.
Aaron, SD; Bell, SC; Conrad, D; Dudley, MN; Fischer, R; Flume, PA; Geller, DE; Kerem, E; Loutit, JS; Morgan, EE; Smyth, AR; Stuart Elborn, J; VanDevanter, DR, 2015)		0.64
"It is necessary to develop a safe alternative to isoniazid for tuberculosis prophylaxis in liver transplant recipients."( Tuberculosis prophylaxis with levofloxacin in liver transplant patients is associated with a high incidence of tenosynovitis: safety analysis of a multicenter randomized trial.
Aguado, JM; Blanes, M; Cordero, E; Fariñas, MC; Herrero, JI; López-Ruz, MA; Martín-Dávila, P; Miguez, E; Montejo, M; Muñoz, P; Muñoz-Sanz, A; Rodrigo, J; Rosso-Fernández, CM; San-Juan, R; Silva, JT; Torre-Cisneros, J; Vidal, E, 2015)		0.71
" All adverse events related to the medication were recorded."( Tuberculosis prophylaxis with levofloxacin in liver transplant patients is associated with a high incidence of tenosynovitis: safety analysis of a multicenter randomized trial.
Aguado, JM; Blanes, M; Cordero, E; Fariñas, MC; Herrero, JI; López-Ruz, MA; Martín-Dávila, P; Miguez, E; Montejo, M; Muñoz, P; Muñoz-Sanz, A; Rodrigo, J; Rosso-Fernández, CM; San-Juan, R; Silva, JT; Torre-Cisneros, J; Vidal, E, 2015)		0.71
" Pseudoporphyria, a dermatologic condition mimicking porphyria cutanea tarda, has been described as an adverse effect of voriconazole use."( Phototoxicity, Pseudoporphyria, and Photo-onycholysis Due to Voriconazole in a Pediatric Patient With Leukemia and Invasive Aspergillosis.
Boyd, AS; Di Pentima, MC; Willis, ZI, 2015)		0.42
" Topical levofloxacin is well tolerated, it rarely causes systemic or ocular adverse events with the majority of treatment-related adverse effects being of mild to moderate severity."( [A review of safety and efficacy of levofloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution in the treatment of external ocular infections and in prophylaxis of postoperative endophthalmitis].
Gałecki, T; Lazicka-Gałecka, M; Szaflik, JP, 2015)		1.11
" Most drug-related adverse events were mild and transient, mainly gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, transient neutropenia, and elevated liver enzymes."( A randomized, double-blind, multicenter Phase II study comparing the efficacy and safety of oral nemonoxacin with oral levofloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia.
Cao, Z; Chang, L; Chen, P; Cui, S; Hu, C; Kuang, J; Li, J; Liang, Y; Liu, H; Liu, S; Liu, Y; Lv, X; Lv, Y; Ren, Z; Sun, S; Wang, C; Wang, D; Wang, X; Wu, J; Xiao, Z; Xiu, Q; Yang, H; Zhang, Y; Zhao, L; Zhu, D, 2017)		0.66
" LIS was well-tolerated, with dysguesia the most frequent adverse event."( A phase 3, multi-center, multinational, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of levofloxacin inhalation solution (APT-1026) in stable cystic fibrosis patients.
Aaron, SD; Bell, SC; Conrad, D; Dudley, MN; Elborn, JS; Fischer, R; Flume, PA; Geller, DE; Kerem, E; Loutit, JS; Morgan, EE; Smyth, AR; VanDevanter, DR, 2016)		0.64
" Primary outcome was death and secondary outcomes were disability as assess by Barthel Index score and adverse events."( Safety and efficacy of additional levofloxacin in tuberculous meningitis: A randomized controlled pilot study.
Betai, S; Bhoi, SK; Kalita, J; Misra, UK, 2016)		0.71
" Safety was monitored by measuring the pro-inflammatory cytokines in their sputum, lung function test, blood chemistry and adverse events."( Evaluation of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Adverse Events in Healthy Volunteers upon Inhalation of Antituberculosis Drugs.
Juthong, S; Laohapojanart, N; Padmavathi, AR; Pungrassami, P; Ratanajamit, C; Srichana, T; Suwandecha, T, 2016)		0.43
" Efficacy (by intention to treat) was analyzed using the inverse variance method; safety data were recorded as the occurrence of any adverse event."( Efficacy and Safety of Quinolone-Containing Rescue Therapies After the Failure of Non-Bismuth Quadruple Treatments for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Gisbert, JP; Marin, AC; McNicholl, AG; Nyssen, OP, 2017)		0.46
"8 months) had few musculoskeletal events, no levofloxacin-attributed serious adverse events, and no Fridericia-corrected QT interval >450 ms."( Clinical and Cardiac Safety of Long-term Levofloxacin in Children Treated for Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis.
Burger, A; Draper, HR; Finlayson, H; Fourie, B; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; Schaaf, HS; Thee, S; Winckler, J, 2018)		1.01
" Clinical, microbiological response and adverse events were assessed."( Safety and efficacy of oral nemonoxacin versus levofloxacin in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: A phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled, non-inferiority trial.
Cao, Z; Chang, L; Cheng, SL; Lv, Y; Ma, Z; Mo, B; Sun, S; Tong, Z; Wu, J; Wu, R; Yang, Y; Yuan, J; Zhang, Y; Zhu, D, 2019)		0.77
" The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was comparable between nemonoxacin (33."( Safety and efficacy of oral nemonoxacin versus levofloxacin in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: A phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled, non-inferiority trial.
Cao, Z; Chang, L; Cheng, SL; Lv, Y; Ma, Z; Mo, B; Sun, S; Tong, Z; Wu, J; Wu, R; Yang, Y; Yuan, J; Zhang, Y; Zhu, D, 2019)		0.77
"Nemonoxacin 500 mg once daily for 7-10 days is as effective and safe as levofloxacin for treating adult CAP patients in terms of clinical cure rates, microbiological success rates, and safety profile."( Safety and efficacy of oral nemonoxacin versus levofloxacin in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: A phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled, non-inferiority trial.
Cao, Z; Chang, L; Cheng, SL; Lv, Y; Ma, Z; Mo, B; Sun, S; Tong, Z; Wu, J; Wu, R; Yang, Y; Yuan, J; Zhang, Y; Zhu, D, 2019)		1
" Patients with advanced kidney disease are particularly vulnerable to this adverse effect."( Hemodialysis for treatment of levofloxacin-induced neurotoxicity.
Almeqdadi, M; Balakrishnan, VS; Idrees, N; Jaber, BL, 2019)		0.8
" The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was the highest (54."( Integrated safety summary of phase II and III studies comparing oral nemonoxacin and levofloxacin in community-acquired pneumonia.
Chang, LW; Chang, YT; Cheng, SL; Chuang, YC; Hsu, MC; Perng, WC; Tsao, SM; Wu, RG, 2019)		0.74
" We aimed to examine fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin) associated aortic aneurysm or dissection through data mining of the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)."( Assessing fluoroquinolone-associated aortic aneurysm and dissection: Data mining of the public version of the FDA adverse event reporting system.
Huang, H; Huang, J; Jia, Y; Meng, L; Qiu, F; Sun, S, 2019)		0.76
" Pharmacovigilance tools were used for quantitative detection of signals that is, drug-associated adverse events, including reporting odds ratio, proportional reporting ratio, information component given by a Bayesian confidence propagation neural network and empirical Bayes geometric mean."( Assessing fluoroquinolone-associated aortic aneurysm and dissection: Data mining of the public version of the FDA adverse event reporting system.
Huang, H; Huang, J; Jia, Y; Meng, L; Qiu, F; Sun, S, 2019)		0.51
"Based on 3721 adverse event reports, all three fluoroquinolones are associated with aortic aneurysm, and levofloxacin is associated with aortic dissection."( Assessing fluoroquinolone-associated aortic aneurysm and dissection: Data mining of the public version of the FDA adverse event reporting system.
Huang, H; Huang, J; Jia, Y; Meng, L; Qiu, F; Sun, S, 2019)		0.73
"The use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics has been restricted in children because of their potential to cause adverse musculoskeletal events."( Assessment of the risk of musculoskeletal adverse events associated with fluoroquinolone use in children: A meta-analysis.
Cui, HR; Hu, YS; Tang, HB; Wang, JG, 2020)		0.56
"Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed databases were used to retrieve studies related to fluoroquinolone and non-fluoroquinolone-induced musculoskeletal adverse events in children."( Assessment of the risk of musculoskeletal adverse events associated with fluoroquinolone use in children: A meta-analysis.
Cui, HR; Hu, YS; Tang, HB; Wang, JG, 2020)		0.56
" The combined results showed that there was no statistical difference between fluoroquinolone and non-fluoroquinolone groups in terms of musculoskeletal adverse events in children (risk ratio = 1."( Assessment of the risk of musculoskeletal adverse events associated with fluoroquinolone use in children: A meta-analysis.
Cui, HR; Hu, YS; Tang, HB; Wang, JG, 2020)		0.56
"The results showed that fluoroquinolone and non-fluoroquinolone antibiotics were not different in terms of their ability to cause musculoskeletal adverse events in children."( Assessment of the risk of musculoskeletal adverse events associated with fluoroquinolone use in children: A meta-analysis.
Cui, HR; Hu, YS; Tang, HB; Wang, JG, 2020)		0.56
" Two groups exhibited similar adverse event rates (AEA 14."( Efficacy and Safety of Antofloxacin-Based Triple Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication Failure in China.
He, XJ; Jiang, CS; Li, DZ; Liu, G; Wang, W; Zeng, XP, 2022)		0.72
" Although prescribing an antibiotic might be fraught for such as drug interaction and undesirable proliferation danger, studies still look for the new ideas such as antibiotic combinations that might be safe to use."( Levofloxacin might be safe to use for OSCC patients.
Atas, MN; Aydemir, L; Cakmakoglu, B; Ergen, A; Ertugrul, B; Iplik, ES; Kasarci, G; Ulusan, M, 2021)		2.06
" Secondary outcomes were clinical signs and symptoms of pulmonary TB and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to anti-TB agents."( Efficacy and safety of combined isoniazid-rifampicin-pyrazinamide-levofloxacin dry powder inhaler in treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: A randomized controlled trial.
Kawkitinarong, K; Laohapojanart, N; Ratanajamit, C; Srichana, T, 2021)		0.86
" Adverse events (AEs) related to oral anti-TB agents, (e."( Efficacy and safety of combined isoniazid-rifampicin-pyrazinamide-levofloxacin dry powder inhaler in treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: A randomized controlled trial.
Kawkitinarong, K; Laohapojanart, N; Ratanajamit, C; Srichana, T, 2021)		0.86
" No mortalities or significant adverse effects were recorded in non-infected treated-groups while infected were (20%) LEV, (30%) CNPs, (40%) FOS and (70%) G2."( Assessment the efficacy of some various treatment methods, in vitro and in vivo, against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in fish with regard to side effects and residues.
El-Sherbeny, EME; Kassem, S; Khoris, EA, 2022)		0.72
"Although bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is a standard treatment for high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), a high rate of adverse events with a variety of grades remains a difficulty."( Effect of Levofloxacin on the Efficacy and Adverse Events in Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Treatment for Bladder Cancer: Results of a Randomized, Prospective, Multicenter Study.
Fukuda, H; Habuchi, T; Huang, M; Inoue, T; Ishida, T; Kanda, S; Kashima, S; Kobayashi, M; Koizumi, A; Kumazawa, T; Nara, T; Narita, S; Numakura, K; Okane, K; Saito, M; Sasaki, R; Shimoda, N; Suzuki, K; Suzuki, T; Tsuchiya, N; Yamamoto, R, 2022)		1.12
" The incidence of adverse events in patients with high-grade pollakisuria (7."( Effect of Levofloxacin on the Efficacy and Adverse Events in Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Treatment for Bladder Cancer: Results of a Randomized, Prospective, Multicenter Study.
Fukuda, H; Habuchi, T; Huang, M; Inoue, T; Ishida, T; Kanda, S; Kashima, S; Kobayashi, M; Koizumi, A; Kumazawa, T; Nara, T; Narita, S; Numakura, K; Okane, K; Saito, M; Sasaki, R; Shimoda, N; Suzuki, K; Suzuki, T; Tsuchiya, N; Yamamoto, R, 2022)		1.12
"Prophylactic levofloxacin administration may reduce the severity of adverse events and contribute to better outcomes from BCG intravesical therapy in patients with NMIBC."( Effect of Levofloxacin on the Efficacy and Adverse Events in Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Treatment for Bladder Cancer: Results of a Randomized, Prospective, Multicenter Study.
Fukuda, H; Habuchi, T; Huang, M; Inoue, T; Ishida, T; Kanda, S; Kashima, S; Kobayashi, M; Koizumi, A; Kumazawa, T; Nara, T; Narita, S; Numakura, K; Okane, K; Saito, M; Sasaki, R; Shimoda, N; Suzuki, K; Suzuki, T; Tsuchiya, N; Yamamoto, R, 2022)		1.49
"Levofloxacin administration seems to be a safe and effective therapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients treated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin intravesical therapy."( Effect of Levofloxacin on the Efficacy and Adverse Events in Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Treatment for Bladder Cancer: Results of a Randomized, Prospective, Multicenter Study.
Fukuda, H; Habuchi, T; Huang, M; Inoue, T; Ishida, T; Kanda, S; Kashima, S; Kobayashi, M; Koizumi, A; Kumazawa, T; Nara, T; Narita, S; Numakura, K; Okane, K; Saito, M; Sasaki, R; Shimoda, N; Suzuki, K; Suzuki, T; Tsuchiya, N; Yamamoto, R, 2022)		2.57
" There was no adverse event of QT prolongation or any other grade 3 or 4 adverse events."( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of WHO-Recommended Dosage and Higher Dosage of Levofloxacin for Tuberculosis Treatment in Children: a Pilot Study.
Chariyavilaskul, P; Jantarabenjakul, W; Moonwong, J; Phaisal, W; Puthanakit, T; Sudjaritruk, T; Suntarattiwong, P; Supradish Na Ayudhya, P; Tawan, M; Wacharachaisurapol, N, 2022)		0.95
"Population-based data are needed to inform the safe prescribing of fluoroquinolone antibiotics to patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD)."( Association of Higher-Dose Fluoroquinolone Therapy With Serious Adverse Events in Older Adults With Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.
Ahmadi, F; Garg, AX; Kim, RB; Knoll, GA; Muanda, FT; Silverman, MS; Sontrop, JM; Sood, MM; Weir, MA; Yoo, E, 2022)		0.72
" Primary endpoints were carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) colonization, Clostridioides difficile diarrhea, and other adverse events related to the use of levofloxacin."( Safety of levofloxacin as an antibiotic prophylaxis in the induction phase of children newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an interim analysis of a randomized, open-label trial in Brazil.
Carlesse, FAMC; Daudt, LE; Dufrayer, MC; Meneses, CF; Michalowski, MB; Monteiro, YMC; Motta, F; Rechenmacher, C, )		0.73
" Mild adverse reactions related to levofloxacin were observed in three patients (30%)."( Safety of levofloxacin as an antibiotic prophylaxis in the induction phase of children newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an interim analysis of a randomized, open-label trial in Brazil.
Carlesse, FAMC; Daudt, LE; Dufrayer, MC; Meneses, CF; Michalowski, MB; Monteiro, YMC; Motta, F; Rechenmacher, C, )		0.81
"The use of levofloxacin was shown to be safe in the induction phase in children with de novo ALL."( Safety of levofloxacin as an antibiotic prophylaxis in the induction phase of children newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an interim analysis of a randomized, open-label trial in Brazil.
Carlesse, FAMC; Daudt, LE; Dufrayer, MC; Meneses, CF; Michalowski, MB; Monteiro, YMC; Motta, F; Rechenmacher, C, )		0.92
" This study was conducted to identify signals of fluoroquinolones reported in the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System (KAERS) using tree-based machine learning (ML) methods."( Application of tree-based machine learning classification methods to detect signals of fluoroquinolones using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System (KAERS) database.
Cha, S; Jang, MG; Kim, S; Lee, KE; Lee, S; Shin, KH, )		0.13
"All adverse events (AEs) associated with the target drugs reported in the KAERS from 2013 to 2017 were matched with drug label information."( Application of tree-based machine learning classification methods to detect signals of fluoroquinolones using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System (KAERS) database.
Cha, S; Jang, MG; Kim, S; Lee, KE; Lee, S; Shin, KH, )		0.13
" Enrofloxacin and levofloxacin caused significant growth inhibition, ultrastructural alterations, photosynthetic suppression, and stimulation of the antioxidant system, with levofloxacin exhibiting the strongest toxic effects."( Comparative study of the toxicity mechanisms of quinolone antibiotics on soybean seedlings: Insights from molecular docking and transcriptomic analysis.
Chen, J; Li, Z; Liu, H; Shen, L; Wen, Y; Zhang, P; Zhao, W, 2023)		1.24
" The goal of this study was to estimate the therapeutic efficacy of camel whey protein and camel milk, in addition to the toxic effects of the antibiotic levofloxacin."( Comparing the Therapeutic Potency of Camel Milk and Whey Protein Against Toxicity-Induced by Levofloxacin in Male Albino Rats.
Alazzmi, MM; Gomaa, HF, 2023)		1.33

Pharmacokinetics

The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of unbound levofloxacin in rat blood and bile using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with microdialysis for further pharmacokinetic study.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Levofloxacin (LVFX, DR-3355) a new synthetic antibacterial agent, was evaluated pharmacokinetic and clinically in the field of obstetrics and gynecology and the following results were obtained."( [Pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluation of levofloxacin in obstetrical and gynecological field].
Hirayama, H; Matsuda, S; Oh, K, 1992)		1.99
"The pharmacodynamic properties of levofloxacin (an optically active isomer of ofloxacin), ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, alone and in combination with rifampin, were evaluated over 24 to 48 h against clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA 1199 and MRSA 494, respectively) in an in vitro infection model."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, alone and in combination with rifampin, against methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an in vitro infection model.
Kaatz, GW; Kang, SL; McGrath, BJ; Rybak, MJ; Seo, SM, 1994)		0.89
" The influences of renal function, age, meals and concurrent drug administration on the pharmacokinetic parameters of LVFX were examined by the likelihood ratio test using a nonlinear mixed-effect model (NONMEM)."( Premarketing population pharmacokinetic study of levofloxacin in normal subjects and patients with infectious diseases.
Hori, R; Kagimoto, N; Nomura, H; Okumura, K; Tanigawara, Y, 1995)		0.55
" Mean +/- standard deviation levofloxacin pharmacokinetic parameters (by noncompartmental moment method) after multiple dosing were as follows: area under the concentration-time curve, 31."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of levofloxacin in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Bartlett, JA; Chow, AT; Flor, SC; Gallis, HA; Goodwin, SD; Wong, FA, 1994)		0.87
" There were no significant differences in any pharmacokinetic parameters of LVFX between the groups."( Effects of traditional Chinese medicines on pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin.
Hasegawa, T; Muraoka, I; Nabeshima, T; Nadai, M; Takagi, K; Yamaki, K, 1995)		0.53
"We compared the pharmacodynamic activities of levofloxacin versus vancomycin, with or without rifampin, in an in vitro model with infected platelet-fibrin clots simulating vegetations."( Pharmacodynamics of once- or twice-daily levofloxacin versus vancomycin, with or without rifampin, against Staphylococcus aureus in an in vitro model with infected platelet-fibrin clots.
Palmer, SM; Rybak, MJ, 1996)		0.82
" The pharmacokinetic parameters of both enantiomers of warfarin were comparable in the absence and presence of levofloxacin, with no significant differences noted in warfarin peak plasma concentration, time to peak plasma concentration, apparent total body clearance, and terminal disposition half-life."( Absence of an effect of levofloxacin on warfarin pharmacokinetics and anticoagulation in male volunteers.
Fowler, C; Liao, S; Nayak, RK; Palmer, M, 1996)		0.81
" The apparent differences in the calculated pharmacokinetic parameters for levofloxacin between the age groups (young versus elderly) and between the gender groups (males versus females) could be explained by differences in renal function among the subjects."( Absence of age and gender effects on the pharmacokinetics of a single 500-milligram oral dose of levofloxacin in healthy subjects.
Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Natarajan, J; Nayak, RK; Rogge, MC; Williams, RR; Wong, FA, 1997)		0.74
" Pharmacokinetic profiles of levofloxacin from single doses and multiple (three-times-daily) doses were similar, with a moderate accumulation (observed day 10-to-day 1 ratio of the maximum plasma concentration, approximately 185% versus expected 169%; for the corresponding ratio of the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 8 h [AUC(0-8)], the values were observed 217% versus expected 169%) at steady state."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of oral levofloxacin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals receiving concomitant zidovudine.
Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Hendrix, CW; Rogge, MC; Williams, RR, 1997)		0.86
" MAC organisms were inoculated into tubes containing the medium with or without the addition of test drugs at either 1/10 Cmax, Cmax or C0-8h (average concentrations during the first 8 h) in the blood."( [Anti-Mycobacterium avium complex activities of KRM-1648, clarithromycin and levofloxacin in 7HSF medium at peak or average blood concentrations after their oral administration of clinical dosages].
Akaki, T; Sato, K; Tomioka, H, 1997)		0.53
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by noncompartmental methods."( Pharmacokinetic profile of levofloxacin following once-daily 500-milligram oral or intravenous doses.
Cheung, WK; Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Curtin, C; Fowler, CL; Gisclon, LG; Natarajan, J; Rogge, MC; Williams, RR; Wong, F, 1997)		0.59
" Mean (+/-SD) values for theophylline pharmacokinetic parameters for the levofloxacin and placebo treatments, respectively, were peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) of 11."( Absence of a pharmacokinetic interaction between intravenous theophylline and orally administered levofloxacin.
Curtin, CR; Fowler, CL; Gisclon, LG; Hafkin, B; Natarajan, J; Williams, RR, 1997)		0.75
" This pharmacokinetic modeling could be used to determine optimal treatment dose in clinical trials in a shorter time frame with fewer patients."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin: a new paradigm for early clinical trials.
Berman, AL; Chow, AT; Corrado, M; Dornseif, B; Drusano, GL; Fowler, CL; Natarajan, J; Preston, SL; Reichl, V, 1998)		0.62
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by model-independent methods."( Double-blind evaluation of the safety and pharmacokinetics of multiple oral once-daily 750-milligram and 1-gram doses of levofloxacin in healthy volunteers.
Callery-D'Amico, SV; Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Fowler, CL; Nayak, R; Williams, RR; Wong, FA, 1998)		0.51
"Population pharmacokinetic modeling is a useful approach to obtaining estimates of both population and individual pharmacokinetic parameter values."( Levofloxacin population pharmacokinetics and creation of a demographic model for prediction of individual drug clearance in patients with serious community-acquired infection.
Berman, AL; Chow, AT; Corrado, M; Dornseif, B; Drusano, GL; Fowler, CL; Natarajan, J; Preston, SL; Reichl, V; Wong, FA, 1998)		1.74
"An in-vitro pharmacokinetic model was used to compare the pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against four penicillin-susceptible and four penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Lister, PD; Sanders, CC, 1999)		0.86
" An in-vitro pharmacodynamic model was used."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and ofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Bauernfeind, A, 1999)		0.63
" Levofloxacin pharmacokinetic parameters for HIV-infected patients were consistent with those observed in studies of healthy volunteers."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of high-dose and extended-interval regimens of levofloxacin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
Baird, B; Chow, AT; Fowler, CL; Masur, H; Natarajan, J; Piscitelli, SC; Spooner, K; Walker, RE; Williams, RR, 1999)		1.44
" Pharmacodynamic principles can also be used to devise the optimal administration regimen for specific antimicrobial agents."( Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin.
Grant, EM; Nightingale, CH; Quintiliani, R, 2000)		0.57
" Multiple regression tested association of pharmacodynamic variables with antimicrobial effect, and logistic regression with resistance post TKC."( In vitro characterization of fluoroquinolone concentration/MIC antimicrobial activity and resistance while simulating clinical pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, ofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Demasters, TA; Madaras-Kelly, KJ, 2000)		0.51
" With each organism, a series of monoexponential pharmacokinetic profiles of single doses of moxifloxacin (T:1/2 = 12."( Comparative pharmacodynamics of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin in an in vitro dynamic model: prediction of the equivalent AUC/MIC breakpoints and equiefficient doses.
Firsov, AA; Kononenko, OV; Lubenko, IY; Portnoy, YA; Vostrov, SN; Zinner, SH, 2000)		0.56
" Inter-subject pharmacokinetic and MIC variability may impact the probability of attaining optimal AUC:MIC ratios and hence favorable clinical outcome."( The use of Monte Carlo simulation to examine pharmacodynamic variance of drugs: fluoroquinolone pharmacodynamics against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Ambrose, PG; Grasela, DM, 2000)		0.31
"93), Cmax (7."( Lack of interaction between levofloxacin and oxycodone: pharmacokinetics and drug disposition.
Fitzgerald, JF; Grant, EM; Nicolau, DP; Nightingale, C; Quintiliani, R; Zhong, M, 2001)		0.6
"An in vitro pharmacokinetic model was used to compare the pharmacodynamics of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin against 3 Staphylococcus aureus and 3 Staphylococcus epidermidis strains."( Pharmacodynamics of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.
Lister, PD, 2001)		0.8
" The elimination half-life in plasma and CSF was calculated using non-linear regression analysis."( Cerebrospinal fluid penetration and pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in an experimental rabbit meningitis model.
Dash, AK; Destache, CJ; Larsen, C; Owens, H; Pakiz, CB, 2001)		0.56
"An in vitro pharmacokinetic model (IVPM) was used to simulate the human serum pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin and sparfloxacin, and to compare their pharmacodynamics against Streptococcus pneumoniae exhibiting a wide range of susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones."( Pharmacodynamics of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin and sparfloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Lister, PD; Sanders, CC, 2001)		0.8
"This investigation explored pharmacodynamic characteristics of fluoroquinolones against Bacteroides thetaiotamicron and the potential for development of resistance."( Fluoroquinolone resistance in anaerobic bacteria following exposure to levofloxacin, trovafloxacin, and sparfloxacin in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.
Hovde, LB; Peterson, ML; Ross, GH; Rotschafer, JC; Wright, DH, 2001)		0.54
"An in vitro pharmacodynamic investigation was conducted to explore whether the area under the concentration time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC(0-24))/MIC ratio could predict fluoroquinolone performance against Bacteroides fragilis."( Pharmacodynamics of trovafloxacin and levofloxacin against Bacteroides fragilis in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.
Brown, GH; Hoang, AD; Hovde, LB; Peterson, ML; Rotschafer, JC; Wright, DH, 2002)		0.59
"In vitro and in vivo models of infection suggest that the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC): minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio is the pharmacodynamic parameter that is most predictive of bactericidal activity for the fluoroquinolones."( Pharmacodynamic profiling of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin using Monte Carlo simulation for community-acquired isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Ambrose, PG; Nicolau, DP, 2001)		0.6
" All data were comodeled in a population pharmacokinetic analysis employing BigNPEM."( Levofloxacin penetration into epithelial lining fluid as determined by population pharmacokinetic modeling and monte carlo simulation.
Danziger, LH; Drusano, GL; Gotfried, MH; Preston, SL; Rodvold, KA, 2002)		1.76
"Nonrandomized pharmacokinetic evaluation."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin during continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration and continuous venovenous hemofiltration in critically ill patients.
Boos, C; Bruch, HP; Guenter, SG; Iven, H; Muhl, E, 2002)		0.64
" Elimination half-life was 28."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin during continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration and continuous venovenous hemofiltration in critically ill patients.
Boos, C; Bruch, HP; Guenter, SG; Iven, H; Muhl, E, 2002)		0.64
"Results of this study suggest that an important pharmacokinetic interaction between levofloxacin and digoxin is unlikely to occur when administered concomitantly."( Absence of a pharmacokinetic interaction between digoxin and levofloxacin.
Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Natarajan, J; Rogge, MC; Williams, RR; Wong, F, 2002)		0.78
"The main pharmacokinetic parameters af ter the first dosing were as follows: Cmax was (2."( Pharmacokinetics of multiple intravenous instillation of levofloxacin in Chinese healthy subjects.
Li, JT; Li, MN; Li, TY; Liu, Y; Lu, Y; Zhang, JW; Zhang, L; Zhang, YL, 2002)		0.56
" The pharmacokinetic parameters in blood and in cerebrospinal fluid could be described by one compartment open model."( [Determination of levofloxacin in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid with HPLC and its pharmacokinetics in patients undergoing neurosurgical operations].
Cai, H; Lei, J; Li, R; Luo, S; Zhang, R, 1998)		0.63
"The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of unbound levofloxacin in rat blood and bile using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with microdialysis for further pharmacokinetic study."( Pharmacokinetic study of levofloxacin in rat blood and bile by microdialysis and high-performance liquid chromatography.
Chen, YF; Cheng, FC; Hung, LC; Tsai, TH; Tsai, TR, 2002)		0.83
"An in vitro pharmacokinetic model (IVPM) was used to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of the 750 mg and 500 mg doses of levofloxacin against 4 ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae."( Pharmacodynamics of 750 mg and 500 mg doses of levofloxacin against ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Lister, PD, 2002)		0.78
"To characterize the pharmacokinetic disposition of intravenous and oral levofloxacin in critically ill adults."( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral levofloxacin in critically ill adults in a medical intensive care unit.
Abraham, E; Fish, DN; Rebuck, JA, 2002)		0.81
" Pharmacokinetic evaluations were performed in 28 patients receiving intravenous levofloxacin."( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral levofloxacin in critically ill adults in a medical intensive care unit.
Abraham, E; Fish, DN; Rebuck, JA, 2002)		0.81
"05) from those observed after intravenous dosing in the same patients; other pharmacokinetic parameters were similar."( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral levofloxacin in critically ill adults in a medical intensive care unit.
Abraham, E; Fish, DN; Rebuck, JA, 2002)		0.58
" We present detailed pharmacokinetic (PK) data for amikacin (AMK), ethambutol (EMB), INH, pyrazinamide (PZA), RIF, and levofloxacin in four female bongos."( Population pharmacokinetics of antituberculous drugs and treatment of Mycobacterium bovis infection in bongo antelope (Tragelaphus eurycerus isaaci).
Aguilar, R; Auclair, B; Maslow, JN; Mikota, SK; Peloquin, CA, 2002)		0.52
" Levofloxacin plasma concentrations were analysed by means of HPLC and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using the WinNonlin pharmacokinetic software package."( Pharmacokinetic aspects of levofloxacin 500 mg once daily during sequential intravenous/oral therapy in patients with lower respiratory tract infections.
Brollo, L; Di Qual, E; Dolcet, F; Furlanut, M; Lugatti, E; Pea, F; Talmassons, G, 2003)		1.53
"Antibacterial effect and emergence of resistance to gemifloxacin and levofloxacin were studied in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model of infection."( Mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance is an important factor in determining the antimicrobial effect of gemifloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.
Bowker, KE; MacGowan, AP, 2003)		0.55
"42 mL/min/kg]), leading to a shorter elimination half-life (5."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous levofloxacin in patients with early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Baldassarre, M; Brollo, L; Cusenza, A; Di Qual, E; Furlanut, M; Pea, F, 2003)		0.57
"The differential effects of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin on the development of resistance in four Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were examined by using an in vitro pharmacodynamic model."( Activities of mutant prevention concentration-targeted moxifloxacin and levofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.
Allen, GP; Kaatz, GW; Rybak, MJ, 2003)		0.81
" Differential equations describing a 2-compartment open-infusion pharmacokinetic model were fit to each individual subject's serum concentration-time data by iterative nonlinear weighted least-squares regression analysis using Adapt II (Biomedical Simulations Resource, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA)."( Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in ESRD and removal by the cellulose acetate high performance-210 hemodialyzer.
Hamburger, RJ; Kays, MB; Lucksiri, A; Mueller, BA; Scott, MK; Sowinski, KM, 2003)		1.76
"During the last decade some studies have shown that the area under the curve (AUC)/MIC ratio is the pharmacodynamic index that best predicts the efficacies of quinolones, while other studies suggest that the predictive value of the peak concentration/MIC (peak/MIC) ratio is superior to the AUC/MIC ratio in explaining clinical and microbiological outcomes."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in a murine pneumonia model: peak concentration/MIC versus area under the curve/MIC ratios.
Fraschini, F; Mattina, R; Mouton, JW; Scaglione, F, 2003)		0.64
" We therefore compared the in vitro pharmacodynamic activity of ABT-492 to that of levofloxacin, an antibiotic commonly used for the treatment of pneumonia, through MIC determination and time-kill kinetic analysis."( In vitro pharmacodynamic activities of ABT-492, a novel quinolone, compared to those of levofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis.
Danziger, LH; Gunderson, SM; Hayes, RA; Quinn, JP, 2004)		0.77
"To compare the pharmacodynamic profiles of linezolid, levofloxacin, and vancomycin against clinical strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, including vancomycin-tolerant and fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates."( Linezolid, levofloxacin, and vancomycin against vancomycin-tolerant and fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.
Akins, RL; Cha, R; Rybak, MJ, 2003)		0.96
"In vitro pharmacodynamic model."( Linezolid, levofloxacin, and vancomycin against vancomycin-tolerant and fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.
Akins, RL; Cha, R; Rybak, MJ, 2003)		0.71
"An in vitro pharmacodynamic model was used to simulate standard dosing regimens of linezolid, levofloxacin, and vancomycin against the isolates 79, R921, and P9802-020."( Linezolid, levofloxacin, and vancomycin against vancomycin-tolerant and fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.
Akins, RL; Cha, R; Rybak, MJ, 2003)		0.93
" Pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin, including the maximum serum concentration (C(max)), time to C(max) (T(max)), area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), volume of distribution at steady state (V(ss)/F) and clearance (CL/F) were not statistically different at first dose and during neutropenia."( Pharmacokinetics and effects on bowel and throat microflora of oral levofloxacin as antibacterial prophylaxis in neutropenic patients with haematological malignancies.
Dijstelbloem, Y; Huijgens, PC; Simoons-Smit, AM; Timmers, GJ; Touw, DJ; van Winkelhoff, AJ; Vandenbroucke-Grauls, CM, 2004)		0.84
" Considering the major pharmacodynamic determinants for the concentration-dependent bactericidal activity of levofloxacin as applicable at the urinary level (CU/MIC of >12."( Urinary pharmacokinetics and theoretical pharmacodynamics of intravenous levofloxacin in intensive care unit patients treated with 500 mg b.i.d. for ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Baldassarre, M; Brollo, L; Di Qual, E; Furlanut, M; Nascimben, E; Pavan, F; Pea, F, 2003)		0.76
" The pharmacokinetic profiles also reflected the effectiveness of GFLX."( Pharmacodynamics and bactericidal activity of gatifloxacin in experimental pneumonia caused by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Fukuda, Y; Hirakata, Y; Kadota, J; Kohno, S; Miyazaki, Y; Murata, I; Tashiro, T; Tomono, K; Tsukamoto, K; Yanagihara, K, 2004)		0.32
"We designed a 4-way crossover, ex-vivo pharmacodynamic study to compare the bactericidal rate of amoxicillin/sulbactam (AMX-SUL), azithromycin (AZM), doxycycline (DOX) and levofloxacin (LVX) against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619."( An ex-vivo pharmacodynamic study comparing bactericidal activity of amoxicillin/sulbactam, azithromycin, doxycycline and levofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Arenoso, H; Bantar, C; Caruso, N; Fernández Canigia, L; Nicola, F; Soutric, J, 2004)		0.73
" This work aimed at assessing the pharmacodynamic target attainment against Streptococcus pneumoniae using levofloxacin 500 mg, 750 mg and 1000 mg administered once daily in plasma (P) and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia."( Pharmacodynamic target attainment analysis against Streptococcus pneumoniae using levofloxacin 500 mg, 750 mg and 1000 mg once daily in plasma (P) and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Chan, CK; Hoban, DJ; Marras, TK; Noreddin, AM; Sanders, K; Zhanel, GG, 2004)		0.76
" The pharmacokinetic, safety, and pharmacodynamic data from our study suggest that a once-daily regimen of intravenous levofloxacin at 750 mg and metronidazole at 1,500 mg warrants further clinical investigation."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous levofloxacin at 750 milligrams and various doses of metronidazole in healthy adult subjects.
Danziger, LH; Gotfried, MH; Graham, MB; Hackett, S; Pendland, SL; Quinn, JP; Rodvold, KA; Schriever, CA; Sprandel, KA, 2004)		0.78
" Monte Carlo simulation was used to construct pharmacodynamic models for imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and ciprofloxacin."( Pharmacodynamic modeling of carbapenems and fluoroquinolones against bacteria that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
Burgess, DS; Frei, CR; Moczygemba, LR, 2004)		0.54
" In the pharmacodynamic models, imipenem and meropenem had an equal likelihood of achieving a free T>MIC > or =40% against bacteria that produced ESBLs (> or =97%) and bacteria that did not produce ESBLs (> or =98%)."( Pharmacodynamic modeling of carbapenems and fluoroquinolones against bacteria that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
Burgess, DS; Frei, CR; Moczygemba, LR, 2004)		0.32
" Pharmacodynamic modeling based on local ESBL-producing isolates and pharmacokinetic data from healthy humans indicated that imipenem and meropenem may have a greater likelihood of achieving pharmacodynamic targets against bacteria that produce ESBLs than ertapenem or fluoroquinolones."( Pharmacodynamic modeling of carbapenems and fluoroquinolones against bacteria that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
Burgess, DS; Frei, CR; Moczygemba, LR, 2004)		0.32
"An intensive care unit and a clinical pharmacokinetic laboratory in two university hospitals."( Pharmacokinetics and intrapulmonary diffusion of levofloxacin in critically ill patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia.
Allaouchiche, B; Boselli, E; Breilh, D; Chassard, D; Djabarouti, S; Rimmelé, T; Saux, MC, 2005)		0.58
"Our results suggest that in critically ill patients who are receiving mechanical ventilation and have severe community-acquired pneumonia and creatinine clearance of >40 mL/min, the administration of 500 mg of intravenous levofloxacin once and twice daily allows for the exceeding of pharmacodynamic thresholds predictive of outcome (i."( Pharmacokinetics and intrapulmonary diffusion of levofloxacin in critically ill patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia.
Allaouchiche, B; Boselli, E; Breilh, D; Chassard, D; Djabarouti, S; Rimmelé, T; Saux, MC, 2005)		0.77
" To provide dosing guidance for children, 3 single-dose, multicenter pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in 85 children in 5 age groups: 6 months to <2 years, 2 to <5 years, 5 to <10 years, 10 to <12 years, and 12 to 16 years."( Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in children.
Blumer, JL; Bocchini, JA; Bradley, JS; Chien, S; Kearns, GL; Maldonado, S; Natarajan, J; Noel, GJ; Wells, TG, 2005)		1.77
"A prospective pharmacokinetic study was performed in Caucasian patients from an intensive care unit with respiratory support to evaluate the influence of this circumstance on the pharmacokinetic behaviour of levofloxacin."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in intensive care patients.
Alvarez Lerma, F; Colino Gandarillas, CI; Domínguez-Gil, A; Menacho, YA; Sánchez Navarro, A, 2005)		0.78
" The experimental data on plasma concentrations were analysed by independent-modelling techniques to estimate the following pharmacokinetic parameters: area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), volume of distribution at steady state (V(ss)), plasma clearance (CL), maximum plasma concentration at steady state (C(max)(,)(ss)) and elimination half-life (t((1/2))(beta))."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in intensive care patients.
Alvarez Lerma, F; Colino Gandarillas, CI; Domínguez-Gil, A; Menacho, YA; Sánchez Navarro, A, 2005)		0.59
" Since the group of patients included in the study was small and also included obese individuals, it is difficult to estimate with precision the contribution of each circumstance (overweight or illness severity) to the pharmacokinetic behaviour of levofloxacin."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in intensive care patients.
Alvarez Lerma, F; Colino Gandarillas, CI; Domínguez-Gil, A; Menacho, YA; Sánchez Navarro, A, 2005)		0.78
"Previously, we demonstrated the importance of low-level-resistant variants to the evolution of resistance in Staphylococcus aureus exposed to ciprofloxacin in an in vitro system and developed a pharmacodynamic model which predicted the emergence of resistance."( Pharmacodynamic modeling of the evolution of levofloxacin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.
Campion, JJ; Chung, P; Evans, ME; McNamara, PJ; Titlow, WB, 2005)		0.59
" Previously described population pharmacokinetic models of gatifloxacin and levofloxacin administration in patients with serious CAP were utilised to simulate gatifloxacin and levofloxacin pharmacokinetics."( Comparison of gatifloxacin and levofloxacin administered at various dosing regimens to hospitalised patients with community-acquired pneumonia: pharmacodynamic target attainment study using North American surveillance data for Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Hoban, DJ; Noreddin, AM; Zhanel, GG, 2005)		0.84
"The pharmacokinetic properties of the fluoroquinolone levofloxacin, were investigated in five cats after single intravenous and repeat oral administration at a daily dose of 10 mg/kg."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin after single intravenous and repeat oral administration to cats.
Albarellos, GA; Ambros, LA; Landoni, MF, 2005)		0.9
" Risk analysis software was used to simulate 10,000 patients by integrating published pharmacokinetic parameters, their variability, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) distributions from the TSN database."( Pharmacodynamic analysis of ceftriaxone, gatifloxacin,and levofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae with the use of Monte Carlo simulation.
Burgess, DS; Frei, CR, 2005)		0.57
"Ceftriaxone maintained high probability of target attainment over a broad range of pharmacodynamic targets regardless of penicillin susceptibility (%T > MIC 0-60%)."( Pharmacodynamic analysis of ceftriaxone, gatifloxacin,and levofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae with the use of Monte Carlo simulation.
Burgess, DS; Frei, CR, 2005)		0.57
"Prospective, open-label, parallel group pharmacokinetic study."( Pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered levofloxacin in men and women.
Goldman, M; Kays, MB; Lagvankar, S; Mueller, BA; Overholser, BR; Sowinski, KM, 2005)		0.59
" Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed with ADAPT II software (University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA)."( Pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered levofloxacin in men and women.
Goldman, M; Kays, MB; Lagvankar, S; Mueller, BA; Overholser, BR; Sowinski, KM, 2005)		0.59
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent for which pharmacodynamic relationships between the maximum serum antibiotic concentration (Cmax)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio and/or the area under the serum concentration-time curve during a 24-h dosing period (AUC(0-24))/MIC ratio and clinical and/or microbiological outcomes have been developed."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis.
Blasi, F; Cazzola, M; Donnarumma, G; Marchetti, F; Matera, MG; Sanduzzi, A; Tufano, MA, 2005)		2.09
"The mean peak concentration in serum (6."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis.
Blasi, F; Cazzola, M; Donnarumma, G; Marchetti, F; Matera, MG; Sanduzzi, A; Tufano, MA, 2005)		0.65
"The drug concentrations in serum and urine were assayed by HPLC method and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated after intravenous infusion of a single dose of 200 mg, 300 mg and 500 mg levofloxacin to healthy volunteers."( [Study of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin].
Shi, YG; Ye, XY; Yu, JC; Zhang, J; Zhang, YY; Zhou, L; Zhu, DM, 2005)		0.77
" The aim of this study was to compare concentrations in plasma, urinary excretion (UE) and pharmacokinetic parameters of ciprofloxacin XR (1000 mg) versus those of levofloxacin (500 mg) in healthy volunteers receiving a single oral dose."( Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin XR (1000 mg) versus levofloxacin (500 mg) in plasma and urine of male and female healthy volunteers receiving a single oral dose.
Dalhoff, A; Kinzig-Schippers, M; Naber, KG; Sörgel, F; Tischmeyer, U; Wagenlehner, C; Wagenlehner, FM, 2006)		0.78
" It is based on the application of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic criteria (PK/PD analysis) to optimize dosification of this type of drug."( [Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis to optimize antibacterial treatments: prediction of efficacy by using Montecarlo simulation techniques].
Sánchez Navarro, A, 2005)		0.33
"There was no significant interaction in healthy volunteers, however, when cystic fibrosis patients were given levofloxacin with 2-h spaced calcium, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) decreased by 19% and time to Cmax increased by 37% (p<0."( Altered steady state pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in adult cystic fibrosis patients receiving calcium carbonate.
Allen, SE; Amsden, GW; Pai, MP, 2006)		0.81
"Levofloxacin significantly increased the mean area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) and the other pharmacokinetic parameters of ciclosporin and tacrolimus by about 25%."( Pharmacokinetic interaction between levofloxacin and ciclosporin or tacrolimus in kidney transplant recipients: ciclosporin, tacrolimus and levofloxacin in renal transplantation.
Basile, V; Capone, D; Carrano, R; Federico, S; Gentile, A; Palmiero, G, 2006)		2.05
" These data demonstrate that not all fluoroquinolones share the same pharmacodynamic targets needed to maximize their antibacterial effect."( Pharmacodynamics of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin simulating human serum and lung concentrations.
Dalhoff, A; Schubert, S; Stass, H; Ullmann, U, 2005)		0.6
" The method was successfully applied to an in vitro pharmacokinetic study and patient samples as well."( Validation of a levofloxacin HPLC assay in plasma and dialysate for pharmacokinetic studies.
Siewert, S, 2006)		0.68
" In these strains, levofloxacin ED(50)s were 2- to 10-fold lower than the ED(50)/MIC ratios in the other strains and 90% E(max) AUC/MIC ratios were 2- to 4-fold lower than those predicted from pharmacodynamic modeling of efficacy against other strains."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with reduced susceptibility due to different efflux pumps: do elevated MICs always predict reduced in vivo efficacy?
Cho, D; Corcoran, E; Dudley, MN; Griffith, DC; Lee, A; Lofland, D; Lomovskaya, O, 2006)		0.99
" The pharmacodynamic probability of target attainment (PTA) was evaluated by Monte Carlo simulation."( Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in patients with severe burn injury.
Bauling, PC; Fish, DN; Hoody, DW; Kiser, TH; Obritsch, MD; Wegzyn, CO, 2006)		1.78
" A pharmacokinetic computerized device was used to simulate serum and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) concentrations."( A pharmacodynamic approach to antimicrobial activity in serum and epithelial lining fluid against in vivo-selected Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants and association with clinical failure in pneumonia.
Aguilar, L; Alou, L; Cafini, F; Echeverría, O; Giménez, MJ; Pérez-Trallero, E; Prieto, J; Sevillano, D, 2006)		0.33
"The objective of this study was to determine the plasma and intrapulmonary pharmacokinetic parameters of intravenously administered levofloxacin in healthy volunteers."( Intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of high-dose levofloxacin in healthy volunteer subjects.
Conte, JE; Golden, JA; McIver, M; Zurlinden, E, 2006)		0.77
"An in vitro pharmacodynamic model was used to simulate the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) concentrations following oral administration of levofloxacin 500 mg once daily and moxifloxacin 400 mg once daily in older adults."( Evaluation of bacterial kill when modelling the bronchopulmonary pharmacokinetic profile of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin against parC-containing isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Deryke, CA; Du, X; Nicolau, DP, 2006)		0.75
"A correlation was seen between both the area under the serum concentration curve and MIC (AUC/MIC) and the peak concentration/MIC (Cmax/MIC) versus area under the bactericidal killing curve (AUBKC) or Deltalog0-24 cfu/mL."( Pharmacodynamics of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli: simulation of human plasma concentrations after intravenous dosage in an in vitro kinetic model.
Cars, O; Odenholt, I, 2006)		0.61
" This study demonstrates the intracellular and extracellular killing activity of antimycobacterial drugs in a pharmacokinetic intracellular in vitro model."( Evaluation of an intracellular pharmacokinetic in vitro infection model as a tool to assess tuberculosis therapy.
Cappelletty, DM, 2007)		0.34
" We studied the preliminary pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship of levofloxacin in CF."( Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in adult cystic fibrosis.
Boyle, MP; Brass-Ernst, L; Diener-West, M; Lee, CKK; Noschese, M; Zeitlin, PL, 2007)		2
"Using an in vitro pharmacodynamic model, a multidrug-resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii was exposed to colistin methanesulfonate alone and in combination with ceftazidime."( Colistin methanesulfonate against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.
Hovde, LB; Kroeger, LA; Mitropoulos, IF; Rotschafer, JC; Schafer, J, 2007)		0.34
"The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, on the basis of the mutant prevention concentration (MPC) concept, and the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae to fluoroquinolone antibacterials."( Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Homma, T; Hori, T; Sugimori, G; Yamano, Y, 2007)		0.34
"In this study we investigated the interplay of antibiotic pharmacokinetic profiles and the development of mutation-mediated resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains."( Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
Henrichfreise, B; Luhmer-Becker, I; Wiedemann, B; Wiegand, I, 2007)		0.34
" In addition to standard pharmacokinetic parameters, the total dialysate concentration of both drugs was measured using a technically simple single-pass batch dialysis system for EDD."( Pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin in intensive care unit patients who have acute renal failure and undergo extended daily dialysis.
Czock, D; de Groot, K; Fliser, D; Hafer, C; Haller, H; Hüsig-Linde, C; Keller, F; Kielstein, JT; Kuse, E; Langhoff, A; Schöpke, T; Swoboda, S, 2006)		0.61
"The objective of this study was to determine the plasma and intrapulmonary pharmacokinetic parameters of intravenously administered levofloxacin in subjects with stable chronic lung disease."( Intrapulmonary pharmacodynamics of high-dose levofloxacin in subjects with chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Conte, JE; Golden, JA; Little, E; McIver, M; Zurlinden, E, 2007)		0.8
" Pharmacokinetic studies of each agent were identified by separate MEDLINE searches combining the MeSH heading pharmacokinetics with the generic name of the antimicrobial."( Simulated comparison of the pharmacodynamics of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa using pharmacokinetic data from healthy volunteers and 2002 minimum inhibitory concentration data.
Burgess, DS; Hall, RG, 2007)		0.58
"To characterize the membrane transport responsible for the renal excretion and intestinal absorption of levofloxacin, we performed pharmacokinetic analysis of transcellular transport across LLC-PK(1) and Caco-2 cell monolayers."( Pharmacokinetic analysis of transcellular transport of levofloxacin across LLC-PK1 and Caco-2 cell monolayers.
Hashimoto, Y; Ishida, K; Suzuki, H; Tahara, K; Takaai, M, 2007)		0.8
"The objective of this study was to determine the population pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin following multiple oral doses."( Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Boom, WH; Dietze, R; Hadad, DJ; Johnson, JL; Molino, LP; Palaci, M; Peloquin, CA, 2008)		0.85
" The mean pharmacokinetic parameters for the first dose were: maximum serum concentration (C(max)) 12."( Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin 750 mg once daily in young women with acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis.
Bryski, L; Duckworth, H; Harding, G; Nicolle, L; Sitar, D; Zhanel, G, 2008)		0.62
" azithromycin once daily pharmacodynamic simulation was performed against 10(8) cfu/ml of four Streptococcus pneumoniae strains (exhibiting higher amoxicillin than penicillin MIC) and four Haemophilus influenzae strains: beta-lactamase producing, BLNAR (beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant) and BLPACR (beta-lactamase-positive amoxicillin/clavulanate-resistant)."( Levofloxacin vs. azithromycin pharmacodynamic activity against S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae with decreased susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.
Aguilar, L; Alou, L; Echeverría, O; Giménez, MJ; González, N; Martín, JE; Prieto, J; Sevillano, D; Torrico, M; Valdés, L, 2007)		1.78
" The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of a single oral dose of antofloxacin hydrochloride in Chinese healthy male volunteers."( Pharmacokinetics of antofloxacin hydrochloride, a new fluoroquinolone antibiotic, after single oral dose administration in Chinese healthy male volunteers.
Kang, Z; Li, T; Liu, Y; Lu, Y; Xiao, Y; Zhang, M, 2008)		0.35
" Because the predicted Cmax value is similar to that of western countries, the frequency of adverse effects is thought to be same as in western countries."( Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin as prophylaxis for febrile neutropenia.
Fujimoto, Y; Kanbayashi, Y; Matsumoto, Y; Morimoto, Y; Nomura, K; Taniwaki, M, 2008)		0.63
"A pharmacodynamic model was used to generate supportive data comparing tigecycline with other broad-spectrum agents against pathogens implicated in hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP)."( A pharmacodynamic simulation to assess tigecycline efficacy for hospital-acquired pneumonia compared with other common intravenous antibiotics.
Dowzicky, M; Kuti, JL; Nicolau, DP, 2008)		0.35
" pharmacokinetic data on 670 drugs representing, to our knowledge, the largest publicly available set of human clinical pharmacokinetic data."( Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
Lombardo, F; Obach, RS; Waters, NJ, 2008)		0.35
" We present some pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties of the L-Asp hexapeptide-tagged drugs and enzyme."( Targeted drug delivery to bone: pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties of acidic oligopeptide-tagged drugs.
Kobayashi, S; Miyamoto, K; Nomura, M; Takahashi-Nishioka, T; Tomatsu, S; Yokogawa, K, 2008)		0.35
" The developed assay method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study in human volunteers following oral administration of 400 mg GFC tablet."( Development and validation of a HPLC method for simultaneous quantitation of gatifloxacin, sparfloxacin and moxifloxacin using levofloxacin as internal standard in human plasma: application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study.
Mullangi, R; Narasu, L; Shankar, BP; Srinivas, N, 2008)		0.55
"In a previous study, levofloxacin 750 mg eradicated 4 ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from an in vitro pharmacodynamic model (IVPM)."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin against characterized ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Lister, PD, 2008)		0.99
" Ciprofloxacin, a carboxyfluoroquinolone, was previously observed to demonstrate the pharmacodynamic interactions with antifungal agents by altering their growth inhibitory activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus."( Comparative pharmacodynamic interaction analysis between ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and levofloxacin and antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus.
Meletiadis, J; Papaioannidou, P; Roilides, E; Sein, T; Stergiopoulou, T; Tsiouris, I; Walsh, TJ, 2009)		0.57
"The knowledge of the pharmacodynamic interactions between fluoroquinolones and antifungal agents may guide selection and potentially improve the outcome of immunosuppressed patients with concurrent bacterial and fungal infections."( Comparative pharmacodynamic interaction analysis between ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and levofloxacin and antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus.
Meletiadis, J; Papaioannidou, P; Roilides, E; Sein, T; Stergiopoulou, T; Tsiouris, I; Walsh, TJ, 2009)		0.57
" No significant difference in various pharmacokinetic parameters of plasma was observed in healthy calves ( β=0."( Pharmacokinetic studies of levofloxacin after oral administration in healthy and febrile cow calves.
Kumar, S; Kumar, V; Roy, BK; Singh, KK, 2009)		0.65
" TGC displayed linear PK and had a mean half-life of 10."( Pharmacodynamic profile of tigecycline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental pneumonia model.
Banevicius, MA; Crandon, JL; Koomanachai, P; Nicolau, DP; Peng, L, 2009)		0.35
"This study aimed to explore the pharmacokinetic features of levofloxacin (LVFX) in Chinese patients with infections and to confirm oral LVFX 500 mg once daily as an optimal treatment regimen based on pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) analysis."( Population pharmacokinetics of oral levofloxacin 500 mg once-daily dosage in community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections: results of a prospective multicenter study in China.
Cao, GY; Huang, JA; Liu, YB; Shi, YG; Si, B; Sun, SH; Wu, XJ; Xia, QM; Xiao, ZK; Xu, JF; Zhang, J; Zhang, YY, 2009)		0.87
"We evaluated cefepime exposures in patients infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa to identify the pharmacodynamic relationship predictive of microbiological response."( Clinical pharmacodynamics of cefepime in patients infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Bulik, CC; Crandon, JL; Kuti, JL; Nicolau, DP, 2010)		0.36
"The pharmacodynamic targets representing 90% probability thresholds for bacterial eradication were determined in patients with complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) treated with 500mg of levofloxacin every 24h for 7-14 days."( Microbiological outcome of complicated urinary tract infections treated with levofloxacin: a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis.
Arakawa, S; Deguchi, T; Matsumoto, T; Monden, K; Nakane, K; Shimizu, T; Yasuda, M, 2010)		0.78
" Different pharmacokinetic parameters for both drugs were determined using non-compartmental method."( Interaction study between levofloxacin and omeprazole using urinary pharmacokinetic data.
Azad, MA; Faruquee, CF; Hasnat, A; Parveen, S; Rayhan, I; Ullah, A, 2010)		0.66
" The purpose of the study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of single and multiple oral doses of antofloxacin hydrochloride in Chinese healthy male volunteers."( Pharmacokinetic study of single and multiple oral dose administration of antofloxacin hydrochloride in healthy male volunteers.
Kang, ZS; Li, TY; Liu, Y; Lü, Y; Xiao, YH; Zhang, M; Zhu, Y, 2011)		0.37
" The first group compared the pharmacokinetic (Pk) parameters of lithium when lithium was given as a single dose (56 mg/kg) and when lithium was co-administered with levofloxacin (35 mg/kg)."( Effect of levofloxacin on lithium - a pharmacokinetic study in rabbits.
Malhotra, S; Pandhi, P; Rajagopalan, S; Shafiq, N, 2013)		0.99
"Our objectives were to assess the pharmacokinetic interaction and body fluid penetration of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin."( Population pharmacokinetics and penetration into prostatic, seminal, and vaginal fluid for ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and their combination.
Bulitta, JB; Kinzig, M; Landersdorfer, CB; Naber, CK; Naber, KG; Sauber, C; Sörgel, F; Wagenlehner, FM, 2011)		0.79
" Serum, urine, and body fluid concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and analyzed via population pharmacokinetic modeling."( Population pharmacokinetics and penetration into prostatic, seminal, and vaginal fluid for ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and their combination.
Bulitta, JB; Kinzig, M; Landersdorfer, CB; Naber, CK; Naber, KG; Sauber, C; Sörgel, F; Wagenlehner, FM, 2011)		0.58
" This pharmacokinetic interaction was not clinically relevant."( Population pharmacokinetics and penetration into prostatic, seminal, and vaginal fluid for ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and their combination.
Bulitta, JB; Kinzig, M; Landersdorfer, CB; Naber, CK; Naber, KG; Sauber, C; Sörgel, F; Wagenlehner, FM, 2011)		0.58
"Levofloxacin and cyclosporine show different pharmacokinetic properties, but are known to be dose proportional within the therapeutic range."( Assessment of pharmacokinetic proportionality of levofloxacin and cyclosporine over a 100-fold dose range in healthy human volunteers.
Lee, HW; Lee, J; Lim, MS; Park, J; Seo, JJ; Seong, SJ; Yoon, YR; Yu, KS, 2012)		2.08
"In this study levofloxacin, which is completely absorbed and primarily eliminated renally without modification, showed better pharmacokinetic proportionality than cyclosporine, which is poorly absorbed and extensively metabolized."( Assessment of pharmacokinetic proportionality of levofloxacin and cyclosporine over a 100-fold dose range in healthy human volunteers.
Lee, HW; Lee, J; Lim, MS; Park, J; Seo, JJ; Seong, SJ; Yoon, YR; Yu, KS, 2012)		0.99
"We studied the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of levofloxacin and rifampicin in bone and joint infections."( Pharmacokinetic and dynamic study of levofloxacin and rifampicin in bone and joint infections.
Bensalem, M; Bland, S; Bru, JP; Gaillat, J; Garraffo, R; Guillaume, M; Janssen, C, 2012)		0.89
" We then computed the 6 hours post dose area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-6h)), the peak plasma concentration (Cmax), the area under the inhibitory concentration curve (AUIC), and the peak-to-minimum-inhibitory-concentration ratio (Cmax/MIC)."( Pharmacokinetic and dynamic study of levofloxacin and rifampicin in bone and joint infections.
Bensalem, M; Bland, S; Bru, JP; Gaillat, J; Garraffo, R; Guillaume, M; Janssen, C, 2012)		0.65
"h/l, the average Cmax 10."( Pharmacokinetic and dynamic study of levofloxacin and rifampicin in bone and joint infections.
Bensalem, M; Bland, S; Bru, JP; Gaillat, J; Garraffo, R; Guillaume, M; Janssen, C, 2012)		0.65
"The optimal thresholds of pharmacodynamic effectiveness were obtained for most patients with levofloxacin at 500 mg bid."( Pharmacokinetic and dynamic study of levofloxacin and rifampicin in bone and joint infections.
Bensalem, M; Bland, S; Bru, JP; Gaillat, J; Garraffo, R; Guillaume, M; Janssen, C, 2012)		0.87
" The levofloxacin concentrations were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the 3p97 software program."( Tamsulosin alters levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in prostates derived from rats with acute bacterial prostatitis.
He, HX; He, Y; Qin, GD; Xiao, MZ; Yang, J; Zeng, Y; Zhou, YD, 2013)		1.24
" Based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic integration, an oral dose of 10 mg/kg levofloxacin for every 12 h is recommended for a successful clinical effect in quails."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) following intravenous and oral administration.
Aboubakr, M, 2012)		0.93
" The half-life and average cumulative urine excretion ratio within 72 h post-dosing were 7·75 h and 86·95%, respectively."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin injection in healthy Chinese volunteers and dosing regimen optimization.
Cao, G; Chen, Y; Guo, B; Shi, Y; Wu, X; Ye, X; Yu, J; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y; Zhu, D, 2013)		0.66
"This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of intravenous moxifloxacin 400 mg once and levofloxacin 500 mg twice daily in patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and assessed their pharmacodynamic adequacy against common respiratory pathogens."( Pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin and high-dose levofloxacin in severe lower respiratory tract infections.
Chatzika, K; Kioumis, I; Kontou, P; Manika, K; Papaioannou, M; Pitsiou, G; Sionidou, M, 2013)		0.87
" The validated method was applied to assay real plasma samples used for pharmacokinetic studies and therapeutic drug monitoring of the selected drugs."( Simultaneous quantification of linezolid, tinidazole, norfloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gatifloxacin in human plasma for therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies in human volunteers.
Helmy, SA, 2013)		0.62
"This assay method was valid within a wide range of plasma concentrations and may be proposed as a suitable method for pharmacokinetic studies, therapeutic drug monitoring implementation, and routine clinical applications, especially for some populations of patients who receive a combination of these drugs."( Simultaneous quantification of linezolid, tinidazole, norfloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gatifloxacin in human plasma for therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies in human volunteers.
Helmy, SA, 2013)		0.62
" Drug exposures were lower than those in adults following standard doses and below the proposed pharmacodynamic targets, likely due to more rapid elimination in children."( Pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin and levofloxacin for prevention and treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children.
Castel, S; Draper, HR; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; McIlleron, HM; Norman, J; Schaaf, HS; Thee, S; van der Merwe, PL; Wiesner, L, 2014)		0.68
" The concentrations of levofloxacin in plasma samples were assayed using a microbiological assay method and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non-compartmental analysis."( Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of levofloxacin following intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration in turkeys.
Aboubakr, M; Elmas, M; Uney, K, 2014)		0.97
" The usefulness of this method was demonstrated in a pharmacokinetic study of levofloxacin in healthy adult volunteers."( Rapid and sensitive determination of levofloxacin in microsamples of human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and its application in a pharmacokinetic study.
Aguilar-Carrasco, JC; Carrasco-Portugal, Mdel C; Flores-Murrieta, FJ; Hernández-Pineda, J; Jiménez-Andrade, JM; López-Canales, JS, 2015)		0.92
"The purpose of this study was to explore the population pharmacokinetic features of levofloxacin in Chinese infected patients."( Population pharmacokinetics of intravenous levofloxacin 500 mg/day dosage in infected patients.
Ji, S; Sun, L; Wang, N; Yang, W; Zhang, Y; Zhao, X; Zhu, LQ, 2014)		0.89
"The purpose of this report was to assess the impact of poor compliance on the efficacy of levofloxacin (LFX) and moxifloxacin (MOX), two fluoroquinolones with different pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties, in respiratory infections."( Impact of poor compliance with levofloxacin and moxifloxacin on respiratory tract infection antimicrobial efficacy: a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic simulation study.
Carral, N; Lukas, JC; Oteo, I; Suarez, E, 2015)		0.92
"This study developed a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model in intraabdominally infected rats and extrapolated it to humans to predict the levofloxacin pharmacokinetics and penetration into tissues."( Prediction of the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of levofloxacin in humans based on an extrapolated PBPK model.
Dong, W; Wang, Y; Yang, J; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y; Zhu, L, 2016)		0.87
" The pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated by WinNonLin software."( The pharmacokinetic interaction between levofloxacin and sunitinib.
Czyrski, A; Grześkowiak, E; Karbownik, A; Kondys, K; Szałek, E, 2015)		0.68
" Sunitinib influences the following pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin: half-life, elimination constant and volume of distribution."( The pharmacokinetic interaction between levofloxacin and sunitinib.
Czyrski, A; Grześkowiak, E; Karbownik, A; Kondys, K; Szałek, E, 2015)		0.92
"The study proved that there is a potential pharmacokinetic interaction between sunitinib and levofloxacin."( The pharmacokinetic interaction between levofloxacin and sunitinib.
Czyrski, A; Grześkowiak, E; Karbownik, A; Kondys, K; Szałek, E, 2015)		0.9
" The population pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of LVFX were estimated using non-linear mixed-effect modeling (NONMEM, ver."( Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in Korean patients.
Ghim, JL; Jang, HJ; Jin, K; Joo, YD; Kiem, S; Kim, HK; Kim, YW; Lee, YM; Ryu, SM; Schentag, JJ; Shin, JG, 2016)		0.72
" To evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of clinically relevant, multidrug treatment regimens and to improve the feasibility of TDM, we conducted an open-label, multiple-dosing study with 16 healthy subjects who were divided into two groups."( Pharmacokinetics of Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs after Multiple Administrations in Healthy Volunteers.
Chung, JY; Jang, IJ; Jang, K; Lee, JH; Moon, SJ; Oh, J; Park, JS; Park, SI; Song, J; Yoon, J; Yu, KS, 2015)		0.42
" Based on the MICs and the population pharmacokinetic parameters of the investigated antimicrobials, a Monte Carlo simulation was performed to simulate the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) indices of different regimens."( A Monte Carlo pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic simulation to evaluate the efficacy of minocycline, tigecycline, moxifloxacin, and levofloxacin in the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
Cai, X; Cui, J; Ni, W; Wei, C, 2015)		0.62
" Clinical characteristics and maximal drug concentration (Cmax) of levofloxacin, elimination half-life and area under the curve from 0 to 24 hours (AUC0-24 hours × μg/mL) were correlated to determine the optimal dosage and to examine associations."( Pharmacokinetics and Dosing of Levofloxacin in Children Treated for Active or Latent Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis, Federated States of Micronesia and Republic of the Marshall Islands.
Bamrah Morris, S; Brostrom, R; Chorba, T; Daley, CL; Fred, D; Gonzalez, D; Jereb, JA; Loeffler, AM; Martin, F; Mase, SR; Menon, LR; Peloquin, CA, 2016)		0.96
" Neither Cmax nor half-life was associated with gender, age, body mass index, concurrent medications or predose meals."( Pharmacokinetics and Dosing of Levofloxacin in Children Treated for Active or Latent Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis, Federated States of Micronesia and Republic of the Marshall Islands.
Bamrah Morris, S; Brostrom, R; Chorba, T; Daley, CL; Fred, D; Gonzalez, D; Jereb, JA; Loeffler, AM; Martin, F; Mase, SR; Menon, LR; Peloquin, CA, 2016)		0.72
"Levofloxacin dosage should be 15-20 mg/kg for Cmax ≥8 µg/mL and a high target attainment across fAUCss,0-24/MIC values in children ≥2 years of age."( Pharmacokinetics and Dosing of Levofloxacin in Children Treated for Active or Latent Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis, Federated States of Micronesia and Republic of the Marshall Islands.
Bamrah Morris, S; Brostrom, R; Chorba, T; Daley, CL; Fred, D; Gonzalez, D; Jereb, JA; Loeffler, AM; Martin, F; Mase, SR; Menon, LR; Peloquin, CA, 2016)		2.16
" Adult patients with a clinical indication for levofloxacin were eligible for participation in this prospective pharmacokinetic study."( Does Critical Illness Change Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetics?
Cojutti, P; Cotta, MO; Della Rocca, G; Lugano, M; Pea, F; Roberts, JA, 2015)		0.97
" These properties, which include drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, are often displayed in a pharmacokinetic (PK) profile."( A Diffusion-Based and Dynamic 3D-Printed Device That Enables Parallel in Vitro Pharmacokinetic Profiling of Molecules.
Lockwood, SY; Meisel, JE; Monsma, FJ; Spence, DM, 2016)		0.43
" Population pharmacokinetic modelling was used to identify potential 24 h variation in the pharmacokinetic parameters of this drug."( Identifying 24 h variation in the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin: a population pharmacokinetic approach.
Birkhoff, W; Burggraaf, J; de Boer, T; Dröge, M; Kamerling, IM; Kervezee, L; Meijer, JH; Stevens, J, 2016)		0.68
" Despite this variation in absorption rate constant, simulations of a once daily dosing regimen showed that tmax , Cmax and the area under the curve at steady-state were not affected by the time of drug administration."( Identifying 24 h variation in the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin: a population pharmacokinetic approach.
Birkhoff, W; Burggraaf, J; de Boer, T; Dröge, M; Kamerling, IM; Kervezee, L; Meijer, JH; Stevens, J, 2016)		0.68
" None of the regimens attained the pharmacodynamic targets for a levofloxacin MIC of 2 µg/mL."( Pharmacodynamically Guided Levofloxacin Dosing for Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Courter, JD; Girotto, JE; Kazazian, C; Nichols, KR, 2017)		0.99
" This review summarizes the available information on pharmacokinetic properties of levofloxacin in relation to microbial susceptibilities, in order to optimize the dose and make general treatment recommendations."( Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic-based optimization of levofloxacin administration in the treatment of MDR-TB.
Akkerman, OW; Alffenaar, JW; de Lange, WC; Ghimire, S; Kosterink, JG; Touw, DJ; van der Werf, TS; van Soolingen, D; Van't Boveneind-Vrubleuskaya, N; Wilffert, B, 2016)		0.91
" After the completion of chemical synthesis, all the compounds were evaluated through in vitro antibacterial activity assay, some of which were further subject to in vivo rat pharmacokinetic assessment."( New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
Chen, C; Hu, W; Lv, F; Tang, Y; Wei, J; Zhu, T, 2016)		0.43
"Owing to its excellent safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile levofloxacin is widely used."( Predictions of the Pharmacokinetics in Burn Injury Patients using Regression Models - Case Study with Levofloxacin.
Srinivas, NR, 2016)		0.87
"A comparative pharmacokinetic study was conducted in rats after intratracheal aerosolization of levofloxacin, as a solution, as immediate-release chitosan microspheres or as sustained-release PLGA microspheres."( Pulmonary pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in rats after aerosolization of immediate-release chitosan or sustained-release PLGA microspheres.
Couet, W; Gaspar, MC; Gobin, P; Grégoire, N; Lamarche, I; Marchand, S; Olivier, JC; Pais, AA; Sousa, JJ, 2016)		0.94
"The main objective of this study was to develop a pharmacokinetic model in order to describe the intestinal absorption of erlotinib in rat and to quantify the interaction of levofloxacin on this process in well- and under-nourished rats."( Levofloxacin effect on erlotinib absorption. Evaluation of the interaction in undernutrition situations through population pharmacokinetic analysis in rats.
Guglieri-López, B; Merino, V; Merino-Sanjuan, M; Nacher, A; Pérez-Pitarch, A, 2017)		2.09
"24 mg/kg) and intravenous (10 mg/kg) administration to rats, and pharmacokinetic parameters were compared between routes."( Intranasal Delivery of Topically-Acting Levofloxacin to Rats: a Proof-of-Concept Pharmacokinetic Study.
Alves, G; Falcão, A; Fortuna, A; Sousa, J, 2017)		0.72
"The higher dose-normalized concentrations and pharmacokinetic exposure parameters of levofloxacin in ANM after intranasal administration, demonstrates that intranasal delivery of the formulated gel is, by itself, advantageous for delivering levofloxacin to biophase and thus an attractive approach in management of chronic rhinosinusitis."( Intranasal Delivery of Topically-Acting Levofloxacin to Rats: a Proof-of-Concept Pharmacokinetic Study.
Alves, G; Falcão, A; Fortuna, A; Sousa, J, 2017)		0.95
" There are limited pediatric pharmacokinetic data to inform dose selection for children."( Levofloxacin Population Pharmacokinetics in South African Children Treated for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis.
Denti, P; Dooley, KE; Draper, HR; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; McIlleron, HM; Savic, RM; Schaaf, HS; Thee, S; Wiesner, L; Winckler, J, 2018)		1.92
"Levofloxacin is an antituberculosis drug with substantial interindividual pharmacokinetic variability; therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) could therefore be helpful to improve treatment results."( Population Pharmacokinetic Model and Limited Sampling Strategies for Personalized Dosing of Levofloxacin in Tuberculosis Patients.
Alffenaar, JC; Heysell, SK; Migliori, GB; Mpagama, S; Peloquin, CA; Skrahina, A; Sturkenboom, MGG; Touw, DJ; van den Elsen, SHJ; van der Werf, TS; Van't Boveneind-Vrubleuskaya, N, 2018)		2.14
" AI algorithms identified an AUC0-24/MIC of 160 as predictive of microbiologic cure, followed by levofloxacin 2-hour peak concentration and body weight."( Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics, Dosing, Susceptibility Breakpoints, and Artificial Intelligence in the Treatment of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis.
Ambrose, PG; Bendet, P; Bhavnani, SM; Deshpande, D; Gumbo, T; Heysell, SK; Koeuth, T; Lee, PS; Mpagama, SG; Pasipanodya, JG; Srivastava, S; Thwaites, G, 2018)		2.14
" We aim to compare the culture conversion between new-generation (levofloxacin and moxifloxacin) and old-generation (ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin) fluoroquinolones, develop pharmacokinetic models, and calculate target attainment for levofloxacin and moxifloxacin."( Fluoroquinolones in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Culture Conversion and Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Target Attainment To Guide Dose Selection.
Ahmed, S; Al-Shaer, MH; Alghamdi, WA; Alkabab, Y; Alsultan, A; An, G; Banu, S; Barbakadze, K; Cegielski, JP; Heysell, SK; Houpt, E; Kempker, RR; Kipiani, M; Mikiashvili, L; Peloquin, CA, 2019)		0.75
" Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed with compartmental modeling."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin following oral administration of a generic levofloxacin tablet and intravenous administration to dogs.
Madsen, M; Messenger, K; Papich, MG, 2019)		0.84
"The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetic profile of LFX in sheep after intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) administration of 2 mg/kg LFX once a day for 5 days and to evaluate its tissue depletion in the muscles, heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys."( Pharmacokinetic and tissue analyses of levofloxacin in sheep (Ovis aries Linnaeus) after multiple-dose administration.
Giorgi, M; Kim, TW; Lisowski, A; Poapolathep, A; Sartini, I; Łebkowska-Wieruszewska, B, 2020)		0.83
"Although levofloxacin has been used for the last 25 years, there are limited pharmacokinetic data to guide levofloxacin dosing in adult patients."( Population pharmacokinetics and dose optimization of intravenous levofloxacin in hospitalized adult patients.
Abdul-Aziz, MH; Cahjono, H; Cotta, MO; Marpaung, FR; Roberts, JA; Sari, IY; Setiawan, E; Susaniwati, S; Wibowo, T, 2022)		1.38
"To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of the 2020 World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended pediatric dosage of levofloxacin and the higher-than-WHO dosage."( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of WHO-Recommended Dosage and Higher Dosage of Levofloxacin for Tuberculosis Treatment in Children: a Pilot Study.
Chariyavilaskul, P; Jantarabenjakul, W; Moonwong, J; Phaisal, W; Puthanakit, T; Sudjaritruk, T; Suntarattiwong, P; Supradish Na Ayudhya, P; Tawan, M; Wacharachaisurapol, N, 2022)		1.16
"We conducted a crossover pharmacokinetic trial in children aged ≤5 years receiving levofloxacin RR-TB preventive therapy."( Pharmacokinetics and optimized dosing of dispersible and non-dispersible levofloxacin formulations in young children.
Denti, P; Draper, HR; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; Palmer, M; Schaaf, HS; van der Laan, LE; Wiesner, L, 2023)		1.37

Compound-Compound Interactions

Preincubation of pneumococci with sub-MIC concentrations of ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and meropenem alone or combined with levofloxacin (1/8x MIC) over 6 h prevents the emergence of levof loxac in two penicillin-resistant pneumococcal strains. This suggests a link between the mechanism of action of beta-lactams and the emerged of quinolone-induced resistance.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"The pharmacodynamic properties of levofloxacin (an optically active isomer of ofloxacin), ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, alone and in combination with rifampin, were evaluated over 24 to 48 h against clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA 1199 and MRSA 494, respectively) in an in vitro infection model."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, alone and in combination with rifampin, against methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an in vitro infection model.
Kaatz, GW; Kang, SL; McGrath, BJ; Rybak, MJ; Seo, SM, 1994)		0.89
" When combined with one of the three rifamycin analogs, synergism was obtained with KRM-1648 and rifabutin but not with rifampin."( In vitro activity of levofloxacin, singly and in combination with rifamycin analogs, against Mycobacterium leprae.
Dhople, AM; Ibanez, MA, 1995)		0.61
" The potential therapeutic activities of these agents both alone and combined with ethambutol were evaluated in a human macrophage test system and in the beige mouse animal test system with MAC strain 101."( Activities of bay Y 3118, levofloxacin, and ofloxacin alone or in combination with ethambutol against Mycobacterium avium complex in vitro, in human macrophages, and in beige mice.
Barbara-Burnham, L; Bermudez, LE; Inderlied, CB; Kolonoski, P; Wu, M; Young, LS, 1996)		0.59
" It is concluded that DU-6859a and trovafloxacin are very potent against enterococci, especially when combined with gentamicin."( In vitro activity of quinupristin/dalfopristin and newer quinolones combined with gentamicin against resistant isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium.
Giamarellos-Bourboulis, EJ; Giamarellou, H; Grecka, P; Sambatakou, H, 1998)		0.3
"We tested three fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and trovafloxacin), each combined with each of four beta-lactams (cefoperazone, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and meropenem) for synergy against clinical isolates of nosocomial strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Burkholderia cepacia."( In vitro activity of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and trovafloxacin, alone and in combination with beta-lactams, against clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Burkholderia cepacia.
Alperstein, P; France, K; Isenberg, HD, 1999)		0.83
"To evaluate the activity of vancomycin and levofloxacin alone and combined with rifampin against planktonic and sessile cells."( Comparative in vitro activity of vancomycin and levofloxacin in combination with rifampin against planktonic versus sessile cells of Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Kang-Birken, SL, 2000)		0.83
"The efficacy of two polymyxin-like peptides, KFFKFFKFF and IKFLKFLKFL, alone and combined with levofloxacin, was investigated in a rat model of septic shock."( Therapeutic efficacy of intraperitoneal polymyxin B and polymyxin-like peptides alone or combined with levofloxacin in rat models of septic shock.
Cirioni, O; Ghiselli, R; Giacometti, A; Kamysz, W; Kasprzykowski, F; Mackiewicz, Z; Mocchegiani, F; Orlando, F; Paggi, AM; Saba, V; Scalise, G, 2002)		0.75
"The synergistic potential of levofloxacin, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin combined with aztreonam, ceftazidime, or piperacillin was compared using 24 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with varying susceptibility profiles."( In vitro synergy testing of levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin in combination with aztreonam, ceftazidime, or piperacillin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Jung, R; Messick, CR; Pendland, SL, 2002)		0.9
" Only the group treated with quinupristin/dalfopristin combined with levofloxacin or doxycycline showed no evidence of staphylococcal infection."( Quinupristin/dalfopristin bonding in combination with intraperitoneal antibiotics prevent infection of knitted polyester graft material in a subcutaneous rat pouch model infected with resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Cirioni, O; D'Amato, G; Del Prete, M; Ghiselli, R; Giacometti, A; Mocchegiani, F; Orlando, F; Saba, V; Scalise, G, 2002)		0.55
"A rat model was used to investigate the efficacy of linezolid, alone or in combination with levofloxacin and vancomycin, in the prevention of vascular prosthetic graft infection resulting from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides."( Prophylactic efficacy of linezolid alone or combined with levofloxacin and vancomycin in a rat subcutaneous pouch model of graft infection caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides.
Cirioni, O; D'Amato, G; Del Prete, MS; Ghiselli, R; Giacometti, A; Mocchegiani, F; Orlando, F; Saba, V; Scalise, G; Silvestri, C, 2003)		0.78
" This study was conducted to evaluate the bioequivalence of levofloxacin when administered in a fasting state as compared to when it was administered with a common breakfast of calcium-fortified orange juice and ready-to-eat cereal."( Lack of bioequivalence of levofloxacin when coadministered with a mineral-fortified breakfast of juice and cereal.
Amsden, GW; Johnson, PW; Whitaker, AM, 2003)		0.86
"The efficacy of levofloxacin and dirithromycin, alone and in combination with rifampicin in the treatment of experimental brucellosis was investigated."( Efficacy of oral levofloxacin and dirithromycin alone and in combination with rifampicin in the treatment of experimental murine Brucella abortus infection.
Arda, B; Gökengin, D; Gürel, O; Tunçel, M; Yaimazhan, T, 2004)		1.01
" Drug eruption due to a drug combination appears to be very rare."( Multiple fixed drug eruption due to drug combination.
Hara, H; Yokoyama, A, 2005)		0.33
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin alone and in combination with either ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam or amikacin to select for antibiotic-resistant mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp."( In vitro selection of resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. by levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin alone and in combination with beta-lactams and amikacin.
De Vecchi, E; Drago, L; Gismondo, MR; Nicola, L; Tocalli, L, 2005)		0.8
" For multi-step studies, MICs were determined after five serial passages on antibiotic-gradient plates containing each antibiotic alone or in combination with levofloxacin or ciprofloxacin."( In vitro selection of resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. by levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin alone and in combination with beta-lactams and amikacin.
De Vecchi, E; Drago, L; Gismondo, MR; Nicola, L; Tocalli, L, 2005)		0.75
"Preincubation of pneumococci with sub-MIC concentrations of ceftriaxone (1/16x MIC), cefotaxime (1/8x MIC), and meropenem (1/4x MIC) alone or combined with levofloxacin (1/8x MIC) over 6 h prevents the emergence of levofloxacin-resistant mutants after 96 h of incubation but does not affect the intracellular accumulation of levofloxacin in two penicillin-resistant pneumococcal strains, suggesting a link between the mechanism of action of beta-lactams and the emergence of quinolone-induced resistance in pneumococci."( Preincubation of pneumococci with beta-lactams alone or combined with levofloxacin prevents quinolone-induced resistance without increasing intracellular levels of levofloxacin.
Cottagnoud, M; Cottagnoud, P; Johnson, M; Piddock, L, 2005)		0.76
"The mutant prevention concentrations (MPCs) of levofloxacin alone and in combination with ceftazidime, colistin (polymyxin E), meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, and tobramycin were established against Pseudomonas aeruginosa."( Mutant prevention concentrations of levofloxacin alone and in combination with azithromycin, ceftazidime, colistin (Polymyxin E), meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, and tobramycin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Adam, HJ; Laing, N; Mayer, M; Zhanel, GG, 2006)		0.87
" To explore strategies to overcome resistance development, we studied the effects of rifalazil in combination with several different antibiotics in an in vitro time-kill model, against both log phase and stationary phase Staphylococcus aureus cells."( Enhanced activity of rifalazil in combination with levofloxacin, linezolid, or mupirocin against Staphylococcus aureus in vitro.
Murphy, CK; Osburne, MS; Rothstein, DM, 2006)		0.59
"The objective of this paper was to investigate the in vitro effects of linezolid combined with five antistaphylococcal antibiotics--doxycycline, fosfomycin, levofloxacin, rifampicin and vancomycin--upon methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)."( In vitro activity of linezolid in combination with doxycycline, fosfomycin, levofloxacin, rifampicin and vancomycin against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus.
Cantón, E; Colombo Gainza, E; Gil Brusola, A; Gobernado, M; Ortiz Estévez, R; Sahuquillo Arce, JM, 2006)		0.76
"To study the therapeutic efficacy of Longqingpian combined with Levofloxacin on Type IIIA prostatitis."( [Longqingpian combined with levofloxacin highly effective for type IIIA prostatitis].
Cai, X; Huang, YF; Shang, XJ; Teng, WH; Xu, H, 2007)		0.87
"Longqingpian combined with Levofloxacin is highly effective for Type IIIA prostatitis, by relieving pain and voiding symptoms, decreasing the leukocyte count in EPS and improving the life quality of the patients."( [Longqingpian combined with levofloxacin highly effective for type IIIA prostatitis].
Cai, X; Huang, YF; Shang, XJ; Teng, WH; Xu, H, 2007)		0.93
" When the three FQs were individually combined with CLR in vitro, mild antagonism was observed for 53 to 57% of the tested isolates."( In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
Fukushima, K; Higashiyama, Y; Hirakata, Y; Kohno, S; Kohno, Y; Miyazaki, Y; Ohno, H; Yanagihara, K, 2007)		0.34
"To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the Chinese medicine Yiqigushen Capsule combined with levofloxacin on type III A prostatitis."( [Yiqigushen capsule combined with levofloxacin highly effective for type III A prostatitis].
Guo, DF; Wang, HP; Zhang, HZ, 2008)		0.85
"A total of 180 patients with type III A prostatitis were equally randomized into a treatment group, which received Yiqigushen Capsule combined with levofloxacin, and a control group, which was given Yiqigushen Capsule only, both for 4 weeks."( [Yiqigushen capsule combined with levofloxacin highly effective for type III A prostatitis].
Guo, DF; Wang, HP; Zhang, HZ, 2008)		0.82
"Yiqigushen Capsule combined with levofloxacin is highly effective for type III A prostatitis."( [Yiqigushen capsule combined with levofloxacin highly effective for type III A prostatitis].
Guo, DF; Wang, HP; Zhang, HZ, 2008)		0.91
"We investigated the activity of linezolid, alone and in combination with rifampin (rifampicin), against a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain in vitro and in a guinea pig model of foreign-body infection."( Linezolid alone or combined with rifampin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental foreign-body infection.
Baldoni, D; Haschke, M; Rajacic, Z; Trampuz, A; Zimmerli, W, 2009)		0.35
"To evaluate the efficacy and safety of corticoid in combination with an antibiotic in the treatment of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP)."( [Corticoid combined with an antibiotic for chronic nonbacterial prostatitis].
Hou, Y; Lü, C; Wu, ZP; Xiao, N; Yang, MG; Zhao, XK, 2009)		0.35
"Prednisone in combination with an antibiotic can effectively relieve pain and voiding symptoms, improve QOL and reduce WBC in the EPS of CNP patients, and therefore well deserves to be recommended in clinical application."( [Corticoid combined with an antibiotic for chronic nonbacterial prostatitis].
Hou, Y; Lü, C; Wu, ZP; Xiao, N; Yang, MG; Zhao, XK, 2009)		0.35
"In this study the bactericidal effect of the N-terminal fragment of the frog skin peptide esculentin-1b [Esc(1-18)] in combination with clinically used antimicrobial agents was evaluated against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, either in standard conditions (phosphate buffer) or in the presence of human serum."( In vitro bactericidal activity of the N-terminal fragment of the frog peptide esculentin-1b (Esc 1-18) in combination with conventional antibiotics against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
Barnini, S; Barra, D; Batoni, G; Brancatisano, FL; Campa, M; Capria, AL; Di Luca, M; Esin, S; Maisetta, G; Mangoni, ML; Pichierri, G, 2009)		0.35
"Levofloxacin and tobramycin, alone and in combination with cefepime, were investigated for their in vitro activities and post-antibiotic effects (PAEs) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa."( Post-antibiotic effect of levofloxacin and tobramycin alone or in combination with cefepime against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Otuk, G; Ozbek, B, 2009)		2.1
"To investigate the effects of inactivation of CD(4)(+)CD(25)(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) combined with the administration of levofloxacin (LFX) on the cellular immune response of murine tuberculosis."( [The effect of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cell inactivation combined with levofloxacin on murine tuberculosis].
Chen, XC; Gou, JZ; Li, MZ; Peng, YZ; Tang, ZJ; Tong, XD; Yue, XH; Zhou, BP, 2009)		0.79
" One hundred forty-eight cases received levofloxacin and 137 received amikacin, both in combination with ceftazidime."( Empirical therapy with ceftazidime combined with levofloxacin or once-daily amikacin for febrile neutropenia in patients with neoplasia: a prospective comparative study.
Bompolaki, I; Bozionelou, V; Falagas, ME; Kalpadaki, C; Karageorgopoulos, DE; Koutsounaki, E; Mitsikostas, P; Samonis, G; Sgouros, J; Taktikou, V, 2012)		0.9
"The in vitro antimicrobial activities of usnic acid were evaluated in combination with five therapeutically available antibiotics, using checkerboard microdilution assay against methicillin-resistant clinical isolates strains of Staphylococcus aureus."( In vitro interaction of usnic acid in combination with antimicrobial agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates determined by FICI and ΔE model methods.
Amicosante, G; Bellio, P; Brisdelli, F; Celenza, G; Garbarino, JA; Nicoletti, M; Perilli, M; Piovano, M; Segatore, B; Setacci, D, 2012)		0.38
" This method was successfully applied to the drug interaction study of Shuang-huang-lian freeze-dried powder combined with levofloxacin injection after intravenous administration to rats."( Development of an LC-MS method for determination of three active constituents of Shuang-huang-lian injection in rat plasma and its application to the drug interaction study of Shuang-huang-lian freeze-dried powder combined with levofloxacin injection.
Bi, K; Chen, X; Geng, L; Liu, Z; Song, X; Ye, J; Zhao, X, 2012)		0.77
" The fractional inhibition concentration indices (FICI) for vancomycin combined with rifampicin, levofloxacin or fosfomycin were ≥1."( Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of vancomycin alone and in combination with levofloxacin, rifampicin and fosfomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Cheng, J; Hu, LF; Li, JB; Liu, LG; Ye, Y; Zhu, YL, 2013)		0.82
" Therefore, this fluoroquinolone seems to be the most appropriate in combination with this tyrosine kinase inhibitor."( Pharmacokinetics of sunitinib in combination with fluoroquinolones in rabbit model.
Grabowski, T; Grześkowiak, E; Karbownik, A; Sobańska, K; Szałek, E; Wolc, A, 2013)		0.39
"For the treatment of asthenospermia accompanied with accessory sex gland infection, Qilin Pills combined with levofloxacin is evidently better than levofloxacin alone in improving sperm motility, and it has no obvious adverse effects."( [Qilin pills combined with levofloxacin for asthenospermia accompanied with accessory sex gland infection: a clinical observation].
Chen, SF; Chen, X; Deng, CH; Gao, Y; Han, DY; Liu, YF; Ouyang, B; Sun, XZ; Tu, XA; Wan, Z; Yang, QY; Yao, B; Zhang, YD; Zheng, T, 2013)		0.9
"Colistin, tigecycline, levofloxacin, tobramycin, and rifampin alone and in combination with doripenem were investigated for their in vitro activities and postantibiotic effects (PAEs) on Klebsiella pneumoniae."( Effects of various antibiotics alone or in combination with doripenem against Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated in an intensive care unit.
Mataraci-Kara, E; Ozbek Celik, B; Yilmaz, M, 2014)		0.71
"To investigate whether there is benefit with a longer acting oral fluoroquinolone, we compared the rate of infection after transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy between 2 prophylactic antibiotic regimens: ciprofloxacin vs levofloxacin, each combined with an aminoglycoside (AG)."( For Single Dosing, Levofloxacin Is Superior to Ciprofloxacin When Combined With an Aminoglycoside in Preventing Severe Infections After Prostate Biopsy.
El-Shafei, A; Goldman, HB; Jones, JS; Kartha, G; Klein, EA; Unnikrishnan, R, 2015)		0.93
" Although the patient declined surgery using an external approach, treatment with systemic corticosteroids combined with antibiotics resulted in tumor regression and an endoscopic en bloc resection was possible."( Pre-operative effects of the administration of systemic corticosteroids combined with antibiotics on a lobular capillary hemangioma in the nasal cavity.
Fujikawa, A; Hanazawa, T; Nakamura, H; Okamoto, Y; Yonekura, S, 2016)		0.43
" Although recent data suggest that levofloxacin (LVX) may have unique activity against MDR-AB in combination with colistin (CST), further preclinical work is needed."( Activity of levofloxacin in combination with colistin against Acinetobacter baumannii: In vitro and in a Galleria mellonella model.
Hu, L; Li, J; Wei, W; Yang, H; Ye, Y, 2017)		1.11
" baumannii resulted in significantly enhanced survival rates when LVX was given with CST compared with CST treatment alone (p < 0."( Activity of levofloxacin in combination with colistin against Acinetobacter baumannii: In vitro and in a Galleria mellonella model.
Hu, L; Li, J; Wei, W; Yang, H; Ye, Y, 2017)		0.83
"This study aimed to design and characterize an inhalable dry powder of ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin combined with the mucolytics acetylcysteine and dornase alfa for the management of pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis."( Dry powders for the inhalation of ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin combined with a mucolytic agent for cystic fibrosis patients.
Akdag Cayli, Y; Balducci, AG; Buttini, F; Montanari, S; Oner, L; Sahin, S; Vural, I, 2017)		0.93
"5% levofloxacin and its combination with meibomian gland massage."( Effectiveness of meibomian gland massage combined with topical levofloxacin against ocular surface flora in patients before penetrating ocular surgery.
Chan, CY; He, JN; Li, RX; Liu, C; Liu, SS; Niu, TT; Pang, CP; Qu, Y; Ren, CY; Wang, HL; Zhang, SD, 2018)		1.34
"To compare the clinical efficacy differences among acupuncture combined with western medicine, acupuncture alone and western medicine alone for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS)."( [Acupuncture combined with western medicine for CP/CPPS:a randomized controlled trial].
Chen, G; Chen, H; Chen, J; Li, T; Ouyang, L; Wang, X; Xiang, J; Zhang, S, 2016)		0.43
" The patients in the needle-medicine group were treated with acupuncture combined with western medicine; the scalp points included Shenting (GV 24), Xinhui (GV 22), Qianding (GV 21), Baihui (GV 20), Chengguang (BL 6), Tongtian (BL 7), etc."( [Acupuncture combined with western medicine for CP/CPPS:a randomized controlled trial].
Chen, G; Chen, H; Chen, J; Li, T; Ouyang, L; Wang, X; Xiang, J; Zhang, S, 2016)		0.43
"The efficacy of acupuncture combined with western medicine for CP/CPPS is superior to that of acupuncture alone and western medicine alone, which could improve the symptom of prostatitis as well as status of anxiety and depression."( [Acupuncture combined with western medicine for CP/CPPS:a randomized controlled trial].
Chen, G; Chen, H; Chen, J; Li, T; Ouyang, L; Wang, X; Xiang, J; Zhang, S, 2016)		0.43
"TCM fumigation combined with Levofloxacin is an effective therapy for type ⅢA prostatitis with the symptoms of damp heat and blood stasis, which can significantly improve the symptoms, reduce the NIHCPSI score, and increase the Qmax and Qave of the patient."( [Traditional Chinese medicine fumigation combined with Levofloxacin for type ⅢA prostatitis with the symptoms of damp heat and blood stasis].
Chang, DG; Dai, XH; Guo, Y; Li, J; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Xiong, W; Yany, XZ; Zhang, PH, 2017)		0.99
" In this study, a new drug-drug cocrystal of LVFX and an APAP analog was developed using a grinding and heating approach."( A Novel Drug-Drug Cocrystal of Levofloxacin and Metacetamol: Reduced Hygroscopicity and Improved Photostability of Levofloxacin.
Higashi, K; Moribe, K; Ono, M; Shinozaki, T, 2019)		0.8
"To investigate the effect of Fuyanshu Capsules combined with Western medicine antibiotics on symptoms and inflammatory factors IL-10 and IL-1β in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease and its possible mechanism."( [Effect of Fuyanshu Capsules combined with antibiotics on inflammatory factors in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease].
Chen, J; Chen, L; Feng, XL; Jiang, S; Liu, X; Zhang, Y, 2019)		0.51
" The in-vitro bactericidal and synergistic activities of ceftazidime/avibactam alone or in combination with other antibiotics were determined by time-kill curve assays."( Evaluation of the synergy of ceftazidime/avibactam in combination with colistin, doripenem, levofloxacin, tigecycline, and tobramycin against OXA-48 producing Enterobacterales.
Istanbullu Tosun, A; Mataraci Kara, E; Özbek Çelik, B; Yilmaz, M, 2020)		0.78
"These data demonstrated that ultrasound combined with LEV-NPs has great potential as a therapeutic agent for TB."( A synergistic bactericidal effect of low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound combined with levofloxacin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles on M. smegmatis in macrophages.
Du, Y; Hou, Y; Li, D; Li, F; Li, G; Li, J; Xie, S; Yang, M, 2020)		0.78
" pneumoniae as a single agent or in combination with levofloxacin."( Assessment of the in vitro activity of azithromycin niosomes alone and in combination with levofloxacin on extensively drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates.
Ammar, NS; Baddour, MM; Barakat, HS; El-Metwally, HAE; Meheissen, MA; Owais, HM, 2021)		1.09
"To investigate the effect of Linshu Decoction (LSD) combined with levofloxacin in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with type ⅢA prostatitis."( [Linshu Decoction combined with levofloxacin for lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with type ⅢA prostatitis].
Gong, WT; He, Q; Qin, Y; Song, NH; Tang, LL; Yang, M; Ye, HS; Zhang, W, 2020)		1.08
"We randomly divided 124 type ⅢA prostatitis patients with lower urinary tract symptoms into an experimental and a control group, the former treated orally with LSD (1 dose bid) combined with levofloxacin tablets (0."( [Linshu Decoction combined with levofloxacin for lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with type ⅢA prostatitis].
Gong, WT; He, Q; Qin, Y; Song, NH; Tang, LL; Yang, M; Ye, HS; Zhang, W, 2020)		1.03
"Linshu Decoction combined with levofloxacin is more effective than levofloxacin alone in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with type ⅢA prostatitis."( [Linshu Decoction combined with levofloxacin for lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with type ⅢA prostatitis].
Gong, WT; He, Q; Qin, Y; Song, NH; Tang, LL; Yang, M; Ye, HS; Zhang, W, 2020)		1.13

Bioavailability

The absorption of levofloxacin was slightly delayed by food, although the overall bioavailability following a high-fat meal was not altered. Levofl Oxacin increased the bioavailability of ciprofloxacins by 12% and achieved significantly.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
") decreased the bioavailability of LVFX by 15-52%."( Premarketing population pharmacokinetic study of levofloxacin in normal subjects and patients with infectious diseases.
Hori, R; Kagimoto, N; Nomura, H; Okumura, K; Tanigawara, Y, 1995)		0.55
" These results strongly suggest that adsorption of quinolones by aluminum hydroxide reprecipitated in the small intestine would play an important role in the reduced bioavailability of quinolones after coadministration with aluminum-containing antacids."( Mechanistic study of inhibition of levofloxacin absorption by aluminum hydroxide.
Aoki, H; Fujisawa, C; Hakusui, H; Kurata, T; Ohshima, Y; Okazaki, O; Tanaka, M, 1993)		0.56
" These results indicate that the Chinese medicines tested have no significant effect on the rate and extent of bioavailability or renal excretion of LVFX."( Effects of traditional Chinese medicines on pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin.
Hasegawa, T; Muraoka, I; Nabeshima, T; Nadai, M; Takagi, K; Yamaki, K, 1995)		0.53
" Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone with excellent bioavailability properties that affords potential use in the treatment of a wide variety of infections caused by Gram-positive organisms such as streptococci."( The comparative antimicrobial activity of levofloxacin tested against 350 clinical isolates of streptococci.
Biedenbach, DJ; Jones, RN, 1996)		1.47
" The absorption rate from the intestine into the portal system was calculated from the portal-venous difference in the plasma concentration of levofloxacin, considering the distribution of levofloxacin into erythrocytes."( Local absorption kinetics of levofloxacin from intestinal tract into portal vein in conscious rat using portal-venous concentration difference.
Fujieda, Y; Ito, T; Nakagawa, T; Yamaoka, K, 1996)		0.79
" By considering the bioavailability of levofloxacin in rat, the hepatic extraction ratio in vivo of levofloxacin was estimated to be 30%."( Local absorption kinetics of levofloxacin from intestinal tract into portal vein in conscious rat using portal-venous concentration difference.
Fujieda, Y; Ito, T; Nakagawa, T; Yamaoka, K, 1996)		0.85
" The bioavailability of oral levofloxacin approaches 100% and is little affected by the administration with food."( The clinical pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin.
Chow, AT; Fish, DN, 1997)		0.87
" The study reveals that the bioavailability (rate and extent) of levofloxacin was not affected by either age or gender."( Absence of age and gender effects on the pharmacokinetics of a single 500-milligram oral dose of levofloxacin in healthy subjects.
Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Natarajan, J; Nayak, RK; Rogge, MC; Williams, RR; Wong, FA, 1997)		0.75
" In conclusion, the absorption of levofloxacin was slightly delayed by food, although the overall bioavailability of levofloxacin following a high-fat meal was not altered."( Effects of food and sucralfate on a single oral dose of 500 milligrams of levofloxacin in healthy subjects.
Dix, R; Hafkin, B; Hoh, J; Lee, ID; Lee, LJ, 1997)		0.81
"5 h and mean absolute bioavailability of > or =99%."( Pharmacokinetic profile of levofloxacin following once-daily 500-milligram oral or intravenous doses.
Cheung, WK; Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Curtin, C; Fowler, CL; Gisclon, LG; Natarajan, J; Rogge, MC; Williams, RR; Wong, F, 1997)		0.59
" High oral bioavailability allows switching from intravenous to oral therapy without dosage adjustment."( Levofloxacin. Its use in infections of the respiratory tract, skin, soft tissues and urinary tract.
Lamb, HM; Langtry, HD, 1998)		1.74
" When given orally, bioavailability is greater than 99%, and the drug is highly concentrated in lung tissue and macrophages."( Levofloxacin in the treatment of community acquired pneumonia.
File, TM, )		1.57
"Previous studies have demonstrated a significant reduction in the oral bioavailability of trovafloxacin and ciprofloxacin when administered concomitantly with an intravenous opiate such as morphine."( Lack of interaction between levofloxacin and oxycodone: pharmacokinetics and drug disposition.
Fitzgerald, JF; Grant, EM; Nicolau, DP; Nightingale, C; Quintiliani, R; Zhong, M, 2001)		0.6
"Levofloxacin, a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, may enhance digoxin bioavailability by eliminating intestinal flora that metabolize digoxin."( Absence of a pharmacokinetic interaction between digoxin and levofloxacin.
Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Natarajan, J; Rogge, MC; Williams, RR; Wong, F, 2002)		2
"The purpose of this study was to clarify the contribution of P-glycoprotein to the bioavailability and intestinal secretion of grepafloxacin and levofloxacin in vivo."( Pharmacokinetic role of P-glycoprotein in oral bioavailability and intestinal secretion of grepafloxacin in vivo.
Inui, K; Saito, H; Yamaguchi, H; Yano, I, 2002)		0.52
" Orally administered levofloxacin appears to be well absorbed in selected ICU patients and has pharmacokinetics similar to those of intravenously administered levofloxacin."( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral levofloxacin in critically ill adults in a medical intensive care unit.
Abraham, E; Fish, DN; Rebuck, JA, 2002)		0.9
" The almost complete (> or =99%) absolute oral bioavailability suggests that a comparable exposure to the iv regimen may be achieved after oral administration."( Pharmacokinetic aspects of levofloxacin 500 mg once daily during sequential intravenous/oral therapy in patients with lower respiratory tract infections.
Brollo, L; Di Qual, E; Dolcet, F; Furlanut, M; Lugatti, E; Pea, F; Talmassons, G, 2003)		0.62
"Cisplatin-induced ARF differentially modulated the bioavailability and intestinal secretion of quinolones in rats."( Effect of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure on bioavailability and intestinal secretion of quinolone antibacterial drugs in rats.
Inui, K; Saito, H; Yamaguchi, H; Yano, I, 2004)		0.32
"After the completion of the treatment course, the negative sputum conversion rate in V+D+M treatment protocol group was 84%, significantly higher than that in the control group (42%); the former group showed a focal absorption rate and pulmonary cavity closure rate of 83% and 66%, which were 33% and 26% respectively in the latter."( [Short-term effect of treatment protocol utilizing levofloxacin, pasiniazide and M. Vaccae on multi- drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis].
Li, SM; Xing, BC; Zheng, XM, 2004)		0.58
"Levofloxacin has a high bioavailability and a broad antibacterial spectrum which covers the common pathogens found in acute and chronic diabetic foot infections."( Tissue and serum levofloxacin concentrations in diabetic foot infection patients.
Baertsch, U; Born, B; Geiss, HK; Hamann, A; Hoppe-Tichy, T; Kusterer, K; Oberdorfer, K; Swoboda, S; von Baum, H, 2004)		2.11
" The bioavailability was high (86."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin after single intravenous and repeat oral administration to cats.
Albarellos, GA; Ambros, LA; Landoni, MF, 2005)		0.65
" By the antibacterial activity and bioavailability sodium furasidin is advantages among the nitrofurans."( [Results of the study on antibiotic resistance emergence among pathogens of community-acquired urinary tract infections in Moscow. Phase I].
Ivanov, DV; Sidorenko, SV, 2005)		0.33
" The oral bioavailability of levofloxacin is over 99%, enabling simple switching from intravenous to oral therapy during treatment."( Respiratory tract infections: at-risk patients, who are they? Implications for their management with levofloxacin.
Cantón, R; Graninger, W; Lode, H; Milkovich, G, 2006)		0.84
" Rapid absorption of the drug was also evident by the high value of the absorption rate constant (2."( Pharmacokinetics, urinary excretion and dosage regimen of levofloxacin following a single intramuscular administration in cross bred calves.
Dumka, VK; Srivastava, AK, 2006)		0.58
" The high bioavailability of levofloxacin allows for rapid step-down from intravenous administration to oral therapy, minimizing unnecessary hospitalization, which may decrease costs and improve patient quality of life."( Levofloxacin for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia.
File, TM; Lynch, JP; Zhanel, GG, 2006)		2.07
" Human oral bioavailability is an important pharmacokinetic property, which is directly related to the amount of drug available in the systemic circulation to exert pharmacological and therapeutic effects."( Hologram QSAR model for the prediction of human oral bioavailability.
Andricopulo, AD; Moda, TL; Montanari, CA, 2007)		0.34
"Fluoroquinolones are the most commonly used prophylactic antimicrobials for ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate biopsy due to their broad pathogen spectrum, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and ease of oral administration."( Levofloxacin resistant Escherichia coli sepsis following an ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate biopsy: report of four cases and review of the literature.
Fujisawa, M; Miura, T; Nakano, Y; Shigemura, K; Takenaka, A; Tanaka, K, 2008)		1.79
" The bioavailability was high (91."( Characterization of the pharmacokinetic disposition of levofloxacin in stallions after intravenous and intramuscular administration.
Abd El-Aty, AM; Abo El-Sooud, K; Goudah, A; Shim, JH; Shin, HC, 2008)		0.59
" Although generic formulations of oral levofloxacin are marketed in Mexico, a literature search did not identify published data concerning the bioavailability of these formulations; these data would be relevant to secure marketing of a test formulation in Mexico."( Bioavailability of two oral formulations of a single dose of levofloxacin 500 mg: an open-label, randomized, two-period crossover comparison in healthy Mexican volunteers.
Burke-Fraga, V; Cariño, L; Fuentes-Fuentes, E; Galan-Herrera, JF; Namur, S; Parra, MG; Poo, JL; Rosales-Sanchez, O, 2009)		0.86
"The aim of this study was to compare the bioavailability and determine the bioequivalence of a test formulation (an oral tablet containing levofloxacin 500 mg) with its corresponding listed reference-drug formulation in Mexico (a list issued by Mexican Health Authorities)."( Bioavailability of two oral formulations of a single dose of levofloxacin 500 mg: an open-label, randomized, two-period crossover comparison in healthy Mexican volunteers.
Burke-Fraga, V; Cariño, L; Fuentes-Fuentes, E; Galan-Herrera, JF; Namur, S; Parra, MG; Poo, JL; Rosales-Sanchez, O, 2009)		0.8
"Oral bioavailability (F) is a product of fraction absorbed (Fa), fraction escaping gut-wall elimination (Fg), and fraction escaping hepatic elimination (Fh)."( Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
Chang, G; El-Kattan, A; Miller, HR; Obach, RS; Rotter, C; Steyn, SJ; Troutman, MD; Varma, MV, 2010)		0.36
"To reduce the frequency of administration and improve patient compliance, novel levofloxacin sustained-release capsules with suitable in vitro release profiles and good bioavailability were developed."( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of levofloxacin sustained-release capsules.
Huang, SJ; Jiang, SG; Pei, ZQ; Yin, LF; Zhang, Q; Zhao, CJ, 2011)		0.87
" Unsuccessful in vivo-in vitro correlation was shown in Eudragit® NE30D-coated pellets with a relative bioavailability of only 41."( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of levofloxacin sustained-release capsules.
Huang, SJ; Jiang, SG; Pei, ZQ; Yin, LF; Zhang, Q; Zhao, CJ, 2011)		0.65
" This paper is an attempt to compare the bioavailability of two levofloxacin tablet formulations (reference and test) containing 500 mg of levofloxacin."( Bioequivalence study of levofloxacin tablets in healthy Indian volunteers using HPLC.
Chakrabarty, US; Das, A; Dey, G; Mukherjee, J; Nandi, U; Pal, TK; Sahoo, BK; Sarkar, AK, 2011)		0.91
" In therapy of chronic diseases exacerbations of the respiratory tract, including community-acquired pneumonia, a high oral bioavailability allows to switch from intravenous to oral way of treatment."( [Levofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones in therapy of respiratory tract infections].
Płusa, T, 2011)		1.28
" Two compounds were identified that exhibit both oral bioavailability in rat and clinically relevant bacterial susceptibility profiles against major respiratory pathogens."( Fluorocyclines. 2. Optimization of the C-9 side-chain for antibacterial activity and oral efficacy.
Achorn, C; Chen, CL; Clark, RB; Deng, Y; Fyfe, C; Grossman, TH; He, M; Hogan, PC; Hunt, DK; O'Brien, WJ; Plamondon, L; Rönn, M; Sutcliffe, JA; Xiao, XY; Zhu, Z, 2012)		0.38
"In this study levofloxacin, which is completely absorbed and primarily eliminated renally without modification, showed better pharmacokinetic proportionality than cyclosporine, which is poorly absorbed and extensively metabolized."( Assessment of pharmacokinetic proportionality of levofloxacin and cyclosporine over a 100-fold dose range in healthy human volunteers.
Lee, HW; Lee, J; Lim, MS; Park, J; Seo, JJ; Seong, SJ; Yoon, YR; Yu, KS, 2012)		0.99
" Levofloxacin demonstrates good safety, bioavailability and tissue penetration, thus maintaining adequate concentrations at the site of infection."( Levofloxacin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections.
Liapikou, A; Torres, A, 2012)		2.73
" Its improved bioavailability and safety profile makes the possibility of shorter hospital stays a reality."( Levofloxacin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections.
Liapikou, A; Torres, A, 2012)		1.82
" Mean residence time (MRT), mean absorption time (MAT) and bioavailability were 4·26 h, 1·54 h and 69·01%, respectively."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) following intravenous and oral administration.
Aboubakr, M, 2012)		0.7
" The measured oral bioavailability of compound B was 47."( Biological evaluation of benzothiazole ethyl urea inhibitors of bacterial type II topoisomerases.
Barker, S; Bennett, JM; Berry, J; Collins, I; Czaplewski, LG; Gamble, V; Haydon, DJ; Lancett, P; Logan, A; Lunniss, CJ; Peasley, H; Pommier, S; Price, D; Smee, C; Stokes, NR; Thomaides-Brears, HB, 2013)		0.39
" The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of levofloxacin in turkeys were investigated after a single intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and oral (PO) administration of 10 mg/kg body weight."( Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of levofloxacin following intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration in turkeys.
Aboubakr, M; Elmas, M; Uney, K, 2014)		0.92
"The aim of this investigation was to identify the impact of physicochemical properties of three fluoroquinolones (second, third, and fourth generation) on bioavailability in relation to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) by in silico and in vitro methods."( Physicochemical properties of lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin relevant to the biopharmaceutics classification system.
Betlejewska-Kielak, K; Biernacka, J; Grudzień, M; Kłosińska-Szmurło, E; Mazurek, AP; Pluciński, F, 2014)		0.66
"The development of new ophthalmic drug delivery systems capable of increasing the residence time of drugs in the eye and improve its bioavailability relatively to eyedrops has been object of intense research in recent years."( About the effect of eye blinking on drug release from pHEMA-based hydrogels: an in vitro study.
Colaço, R; Fernandes, AI; Galante, R; Mata, JL; Matos, AP; Moutinho, MG; Paradiso, P; Saramago, B; Serro, AP, 2015)		0.42
" It is established that conjugate 2 in comparison to individual levofloxacin and triazavirine has a higher relative bioavailability and lower rate of elimination, which can lead to improved effectiveness of therapy at reduced dose and frequency of drug administration."( [Experimental comparative pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, triazavirin, and related conjugate].
Blazhennikova, IV; Bykov, VN; Charushin, VN; Chupakhin, ON; Geĭbo, DS; Kotovskaia, SK; Kurliakova, AF; Nikiforov, AS; Rusinov, VL; Stepanov, AV, 2015)		0.91
" Preferable agents for oral therapy of IE are antibiotics with a high degree of activity against the IE pathogen and that have high bioavailability (>90%) so that achievable serum and tissue levels are the same as with equivalent IV antibiotics."( Haemophilus parainfluenzae aortic prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) successfully treated with oral levofloxacin.
Brahmbhatt, K; Cunha, BA; Raza, M, )		0.35
" These properties make the system a potent and versatile tool for antibiotic oral delivery targeted to intestine, enhancing the drug bioavailability to eradicate bacterial biofilm and avoiding possible intestinal obstructions."( Characterization of smart auto-degradative hydrogel matrix containing alginate lyase to enhance levofloxacin delivery against bacterial biofilms.
Bartel, LC; Bolzán, AD; Castro, GR; Dini, C; Islan, GA, 2015)		0.64
" The NCA showed significant differences in bioavailability (F) for the control group (0."( Simultaneous Semimechanistic Population Analyses of Levofloxacin in Plasma, Lung, and Prostate To Describe the Influence of Efflux Transporters on Drug Distribution following Intravenous and Intratracheal Administration.
Dalla Costa, T; de Castro, WV; Dos Santos, CN; Lagishetty, CV; Laureano, JV; Schmidt, S; Zimmermann, ES, 2016)		0.68
" The fit of the model was significantly improved when the absorption rate constant was described as a cosine function with a fixed period of 24 h, a relative amplitude of 47% and a peak around 08."( Identifying 24 h variation in the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin: a population pharmacokinetic approach.
Birkhoff, W; Burggraaf, J; de Boer, T; Dröge, M; Kamerling, IM; Kervezee, L; Meijer, JH; Stevens, J, 2016)		0.68
"The finding that the absorption rate constant showed considerable 24 h variation may be relevant for drugs with similar physicochemical properties as levofloxacin that have a narrower therapeutic index."( Identifying 24 h variation in the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin: a population pharmacokinetic approach.
Birkhoff, W; Burggraaf, J; de Boer, T; Dröge, M; Kamerling, IM; Kervezee, L; Meijer, JH; Stevens, J, 2016)		0.88
" The bioavailability for the intratracheal levofloxacin solution and intratracheal chitosan microspheres was estimated to be 98% and 71%, respectively, both with a direct release into the ELF compartment."( Pulmonary pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in rats after aerosolization of immediate-release chitosan or sustained-release PLGA microspheres.
Couet, W; Gaspar, MC; Gobin, P; Grégoire, N; Lamarche, I; Marchand, S; Olivier, JC; Pais, AA; Sousa, JJ, 2016)		0.99
"Currently, infections following cataract surgery are not as effectively managed with antibiotic eye drops, which suffer from poor bioavailability of drug and low patient compliance."( Sustained Antibiotic-Eluting Intra-Ocular Lenses: A New Approach.
Lim, SG; Tan, DW; Venkatraman, SS; Wong, TT, 2016)		0.43
"The effects of aluminium hydroxide on the bioavailability of LVFX following oral administration of LVFX-EHE were investigated in rats."( Development of hemiacetal esterified levofloxacin to prevent chelation with metal-containing drugs.
Asahide, M; Figoni, WC; Ishii, Y; Iwaki, M; Kawase, A; Kimachi, T; Matsuyama, K; Matzno, S; Nishikata, M; Nishiwaki, K; Otori, T; Tominaga, R, 2016)		0.71
" The study suggests that this sugar-based double-tailed nonionic surfactant could be promising nano-vesicular system for delivery and enhancing oral bioavailability of the hydrophobic Levofloxacin."( Sugar-based novel niosomal nanocarrier system for enhanced oral bioavailability of levofloxacin.
Ahmad, F; Ali, I; Elhissi, AM; Imran, M; Nawaz, W; Sadiq, A; Shah, MR; Ullah, F; Ullah, S, 2016)		0.85
" Simulations were performed in order to explore the influence of covariates on the apparent absorption rate constant."( Levofloxacin effect on erlotinib absorption. Evaluation of the interaction in undernutrition situations through population pharmacokinetic analysis in rats.
Guglieri-López, B; Merino, V; Merino-Sanjuan, M; Nacher, A; Pérez-Pitarch, A, 2017)		1.9
"Contact lenses are receiving significant attention for delivering ophthalmic drugs with higher bioavailability compared to eye drops."( Effect of the surface layer on drug release from delefilcon-A (Dailies Total1
Chauhan, A; Dixon, P, 2017)		0.46
" In vivo pharmacokinetic study displayed the relative bioavailability of the gastro-floating MWCNT@LC-MIP was 578."( Floating liquid crystalline molecularly imprinted polymer coated carbon nanotubes for levofloxacin delivery.
Huang, YP; Liu, ZS; Tan, XX; Zhang, LP, 2018)		0.7
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)		0.51
"0%), and mean bioavailability was 104% (29."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin following oral administration of a generic levofloxacin tablet and intravenous administration to dogs.
Madsen, M; Messenger, K; Papich, MG, 2019)		0.84
" LFX administered orally was rapidly absorbed with a peak plasma concentration of 2866 ± 239 ng/mL and an absolute oral bioavailability of 114 ± 27."( Pharmacokinetic and tissue analyses of levofloxacin in sheep (Ovis aries Linnaeus) after multiple-dose administration.
Giorgi, M; Kim, TW; Lisowski, A; Poapolathep, A; Sartini, I; Łebkowska-Wieruszewska, B, 2020)		0.83
"The major drawback of the eye drops is rapid elimination of drug from the precorneal region, thus ensuing poor bioavailability as well as therapeutic efficacy."( Preparation of levofloxacin loaded
Anwer, MK; Iqbal, Z; Jain, P; Jaiswal, CP; Mirza, MA, 2020)		0.91
" Administered together, the bioavailability of these antimicrobials is expected to be reduced."( Burden of enteral supplement interactions with common antimicrobial agents: a single-centre observational analysis.
Heard, K; Hughes, S; Moore, LSP; Mughal, N, 2022)		0.72
" Approximately one in five patients has a clinically important interaction which may impair oral bioavailability and limit treatment efficacy."( Burden of enteral supplement interactions with common antimicrobial agents: a single-centre observational analysis.
Heard, K; Hughes, S; Moore, LSP; Mughal, N, 2022)		0.72
"5% reduced bioavailability compared with the dispersible formulation, with no significant differences in other absorption parameters."( Pharmacokinetics and optimized dosing of dispersible and non-dispersible levofloxacin formulations in young children.
Denti, P; Draper, HR; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; Palmer, M; Schaaf, HS; van der Laan, LE; Wiesner, L, 2023)		1.14
"The dispersible paediatric levofloxacin formulation has improved bioavailability compared with the crushed non-dispersible adult formulation, but exposures remain below those in adults."( Pharmacokinetics and optimized dosing of dispersible and non-dispersible levofloxacin formulations in young children.
Denti, P; Draper, HR; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; Palmer, M; Schaaf, HS; van der Laan, LE; Wiesner, L, 2023)		1.44

Dosage Studied

In vivo studies showed that chitosan microspheres are thought to have the potential to maintain levofloxacin concentration within target ranges for a long time. For less sensitive pathogens, a dosage adjustment may be needed.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Although treatment with each quinolone or fenbufen alone at a dosage level tested in mice showed no changes, coadministration of a large dose of all quinolones and fenbufen caused convulsant death."( Interaction of the new quinolone antibacterial agent levofloxacin with fenbufen in mice.
Akahane, K; Furuhama, K; Takayama, S; Tawara, K, 1992)		0.53
" In comparative trials with ofloxacin, levofloxacin, at half the daily dosage of ofloxacin, showed equivalent efficacy and a reduced incidence of adverse effects in the treatment of lower respiratory tract and complicated urinary tract infections."( Levofloxacin. A review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy.
Bryson, HM; Davis, R, 1994)		2
" It seems, therefore, that the in vivo activity of LVFX is comparable to that produced by a twofold-greater dosage of OFLO."( In vitro and in vivo activities of levofloxacin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Grosset, J; JI, B; Lounis, N; Truffot-Pernot, C, 1995)		0.57
" The fluoroquinolones were administered to simulate dosage regimens of 200 mg, 400 mg given intravenously (i."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, alone and in combination with rifampin, against methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an in vitro infection model.
Kaatz, GW; Kang, SL; McGrath, BJ; Rybak, MJ; Seo, SM, 1994)		0.61
" Population pharmacokinetic parameters are also useful for the individualization of a dosage regimen by means of the Bayesian forecasting method."( Premarketing population pharmacokinetic study of levofloxacin in normal subjects and patients with infectious diseases.
Hori, R; Kagimoto, N; Nomura, H; Okumura, K; Tanigawara, Y, 1995)		0.55
" In a dose-response study, treatment with LEV at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of body weight was started 1 day after infection and was given daily for 28 days."( Activity of levofloxacin in a murine model of tuberculosis.
Cynamon, MH; Klemens, SP; Rogge, MC; Sharpe, CA, 1994)		0.67
" Sparfloxacin was more effective than levofloxacin and ofloxacin in both dosing regimens."( In vitro and in vivo activities of sparfloxacin against Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Irifune, K; Ishida, K; Kaku, M; Mizukane, R; Suyama, N; Takemura, H; Tanaka, H; Tomono, K; Usui, T; Yoshida, R, 1994)		0.56
" Mean +/- standard deviation levofloxacin pharmacokinetic parameters (by noncompartmental moment method) after multiple dosing were as follows: area under the concentration-time curve, 31."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of levofloxacin in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Bartlett, JA; Chow, AT; Flor, SC; Gallis, HA; Goodwin, SD; Wong, FA, 1994)		0.87
"5 mM) by 20% of the control in the in situ ligated loop experiment, in which partial precipitation of aluminum hydroxide was observed in the dosing solution."( Mechanistic study of inhibition of levofloxacin absorption by aluminum hydroxide.
Aoki, H; Fujisawa, C; Hakusui, H; Kurata, T; Ohshima, Y; Okazaki, O; Tanaka, M, 1993)		0.56
"Effects of intravitreal injection of levofloxacin (LVFX) on the electroretinogram (ERG), visual evoked potential (VEP), and retinal histology were studied in 23 albino and 23 pigmented rabbits to establish the non-toxic intravitreal dosage of LVFX."( [Effects of intravitreal levofloxacin on the rabbit retina].
Kajimura, T; Komatsu, M; Mochizuki, K; Ogata, M; Ohkubo, S; Tanahashi, T; Torisaki, M; Yamashita, Y, 1996)		0.87
" Each dosing was followed by a wash-out period of one week."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in comparison to the racemic mixture of ofloxacin in man.
Damm, D; Lehr, KH; Malerczyk, V; Verho, M, 1996)		0.62
" A dose-response analysis showed that levofloxacin was superior to ciprofloxacin for all four isolates at any dose or regimen tested, independent of the methicillin susceptibility of the isolates."( In vivo efficacies of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in acute murine hematogenous pyelonephritis induced by methicillin-susceptible and-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains.
Barrett, JF; Frosco, MB; Kulwich, BA; Licata, L; Melton, JL; Stewart, FP, 1996)		0.88
" Test fluoroquinolones were administered orally at 1 h (single dose) or at 1 and 3 h (divided dose) postinfection, with 10 infected mice used for each of six concentrations of each fluoroquinolone tested (1 to 40 mg/kg of body weight) in each dosing regimen."( In vivo oral efficacy of levofloxacin for treatment of systemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in a murine model of septicemia.
Amaratunga, DJ; Barrett, JF; Frosco, MB; Yagel, SK, 1996)		0.6
" The dosage of prednisolone was increased, and amikacin was injected to treat pneumonia that had developed in the right lung."( [Legionella pneumonia successfully treated despite late diagnosis].
Takazakura, E; Tsuji, H, 1997)		0.3
" Plasma levofloxacin concentrations were monitored for 36 h after levofloxacin dosing on day 1, immediately prior to the morning doses on days 3 to 9, and for 72 h after dosing on day 10."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of oral levofloxacin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals receiving concomitant zidovudine.
Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Hendrix, CW; Rogge, MC; Williams, RR, 1997)		1.01
" Levofloxacin at 500 mg or placebo was administered orally or intravenously as a single dose on day 1; daily oral or intravenous dosing resumed on days 4 to 10."( Pharmacokinetic profile of levofloxacin following once-daily 500-milligram oral or intravenous doses.
Cheung, WK; Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Curtin, C; Fowler, CL; Gisclon, LG; Natarajan, J; Rogge, MC; Williams, RR; Wong, F, 1997)		1.5
" In study period 1, 750 mg of levofloxacin or a placebo was administered orally as a single dose on day 1, followed by a washout period on days 2 and 3; dosing resumed for days 4 to 10."( Double-blind evaluation of the safety and pharmacokinetics of multiple oral once-daily 750-milligram and 1-gram doses of levofloxacin in healthy volunteers.
Callery-D'Amico, SV; Chien, SC; Chow, AT; Fowler, CL; Nayak, R; Williams, RR; Wong, FA, 1998)		0.8
" Starting from 10(7) CFU/ml, the bacterial count was determined serially during the exposure to LVFX present at concentrations automatically simulated to its clinically achievable urinary levels at the recommended dosage (100 mg 3 times daily)."( Bactericidal effect of levofloxacin on strains with equal susceptibility in an in vitro urinary bladder model.
Hirose, T; Matsukawa, M; Mikami, M; Nishimura, M; Sano, M; Takahashi, S; Tsukamoto, T, )		0.44
" High oral bioavailability allows switching from intravenous to oral therapy without dosage adjustment."( Levofloxacin. Its use in infections of the respiratory tract, skin, soft tissues and urinary tract.
Lamb, HM; Langtry, HD, 1998)		1.74
" Compared with ciprofloxacin and the earlier quinolone agents, levofloxacin has an improved pharmacokinetic profile that allows convenient once-daily dosing in either an oral or parenteral formulation."( Levofloxacin: a therapeutic review.
Garrison, MW; Schoonover, L; Wimer, SM, )		1.81
" Standard antibiotic dosing regimens which simulated the pharmacokinetic profile observed in humans were used."( Pharmacodynamic comparisons of levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ampicillin against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro model of infection.
Lacy, MK; Lu, W; Nicolau, DP; Nightingale, CH; Quintiliani, R; Tessier, PR; Xu, X, 1999)		0.59
" aeruginosa with varying quinolone susceptibility, we constructed sigmoidal dose-response curves for AUC(0-6."( The antibacterial efficacy of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed by combining antibiotic exposure and bacterial susceptibility.
Holt, HA; MacGowan, AP; Wootton, M, 1999)		0.59
" SBA was tested in vitro by a microtitration method 15 min before dosing and at 1, 4, 8 and 12 h after drug absorption."( Levofloxacin: serum bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
Benoit, C; Bigot, C; Carbon, C; Decré, D; Maubert, B; Muller-Serieys, C, 1999)		1.75
"The objective of the current study was to evaluate the bactericidal activity of levofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae at concentrations equivalent to those present in serum after a po dosage of 500 mg."( Bactericidal activity of levofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in-vitro model simulating serum pharmacokinetic parameters.
Schwärzel, R; Shah, PM, 1999)		0.83
"The aim of this study was to compare the bactericidal efficacy of levofloxacin and ofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae at different dosage regimens for both agents."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and ofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Bauernfeind, A, 1999)		0.86
" A greater number of infections were eradicated by levofloxacin than by cefuroxime axetil: infections were eradicated in 68% of patients receiving the 500 mg dosage and in 63% of those taking 250 mg levofloxacin, whereas the eradication rate with the comparator drug was much lower (48%)."( Clinical effectiveness of levofloxacin in patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: the relationship with in-vitro activity.
Davies, BI; Maesen, FP, 1999)		0.86
" The dosing regimen of each drug that yielded serum levels in mice which mimic human therapeutic concentrations of the drugs, were designed."( Comparative efficacies of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae in a mouse model of experimental septicaemia.
Bui, KQ; Nicolau, DP; Nightingale, CH; Onyeji, CO; Owens, RC; Quintiliani, R, 1999)		0.6
"The pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, administered in high doses and with extended dosing intervals, was studied in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of high-dose and extended-interval regimens of levofloxacin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
Baird, B; Chow, AT; Fowler, CL; Masur, H; Natarajan, J; Piscitelli, SC; Spooner, K; Walker, RE; Williams, RR, 1999)		0.84
" The dosage was 500 mg once or twice a day depending on the studies."( [Levofloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia].
Léophonte, P; Veyssier, P, 1999)		1.21
" pneumoniae, with standard dosing resulting in area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratios and peak concentration/MIC ratios that resulted in 99."( Activities of trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin, clinafloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro infection model.
Hershberger, E; Rybak, MJ, 2000)		0.54
" Dose-response experiments with two topoisomerase IV mutants that confer clinical resistance to quinolones (GrlA(Ser80Phe) and GrlA(Glu84Lys)) indicate that resistance is caused by a decrease in both drug affinity and efficacy."( Action of quinolones against Staphylococcus aureus topoisomerase IV: basis for DNA cleavage enhancement.
Anderson, VE; Gootz, TD; Kaczmarek, FS; Osheroff, N; Zaniewski, RP, 2000)		0.31
" It would be reasonable to propose the 500 mg twice daily dosage for severe community-acquired pneumonia warranting intensive care hospitalization in accordance with the criteria of the ERS Task Force Report."( [Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia with levofloxacin: 500 mg once a day or 500 mg twice a day?].
Bru, JP; Zuck, P, )		0.39
" Experiments simulated variable peak serum concentrations, but clinically relevant half-lives and dosing intervals."( In vitro characterization of fluoroquinolone concentration/MIC antimicrobial activity and resistance while simulating clinical pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, ofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Demasters, TA; Madaras-Kelly, KJ, 2000)		0.51
" Average length of stay (LOS), hospital costs, death rate, age, and ratio of oral to intravenous dosage administration were analyzed."( Experiences at a large teaching hospital with levofloxacin for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia.
Clark, LC; Davis, CW, 2000)		0.57
" Further multiple-dose studies are required to enable dosage recommendations to be made for patients receiving renal replacement therapy with CVVH."( Single-dose pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin during continuous veno-venous haemofiltration in critically ill patients.
Locker, GJ; Losert, H; Schmid, R; Staudinger, T; Thalhammer, F; Thalhammer-Scherrer, R; Traunmüller, F, 2001)		0.59
"4 (100%), respectively, over the dosing period."( Streptococcus pneumoniae response to repeated moxifloxacin or levofloxacin exposure in a rabbit tissue cage model.
Bui, KQ; Mattoes, H; McNabb, J; Nicolau, DP; Nightingale, CH; Quintiliani, R; Xuan, D; Zhong, M, 2001)		0.55
" The penetration of levofloxacin averaged 53% for the 7 mg/kg dosage group, 76% for the 10."( Cerebrospinal fluid penetration and pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in an experimental rabbit meningitis model.
Dash, AK; Destache, CJ; Larsen, C; Owens, H; Pakiz, CB, 2001)		0.88
"A dosage schedule of levofloxacin 250 mg qd with a 500 mg loading dose seems appropriate for anuric patients during CVVHF."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration.
Bucher, M; Hansen, E; Jakob, W; Kees, F; Lemberger, P, 2001)		0.95
" For levofloxacin, plasma samples were obtained at steady state during a 24-h dosing interval."( Pharmacokinetic evaluation of oral levofloxacin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects receiving concomitant antiretroviral therapy.
Cadeo, B; Carosi, G; Fiocchi, C; Marchetti, F; Regazzi, MB; Signorini, L; Viale, P; Villani, A; Villani, P, 2001)		1.1
" The adverse effects disappeared after the dosage was reduced and the theophylline serum concentration decreased; however, there was no change in theophylline clearance."( Effect of levofloxacin on theophylline clearance during theophylline and clarithromycin combination therapy.
Enomoto, H; Hasegawa, A; Kawana, H; Kitada, M; Kuriyama, T; Nakamura, H; Ohmori, S; Ohtsuka, T, 2001)		0.71
" Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of standard once per day dosing of oral levofloxacin with a standard parenteral antibiotic regimen (nafcillin four times daily) for the treatment of experimental MSSA osteomyelitis in rabbits."( Comparative evaluation of oral levofloxacin and parenteral nafcillin in the treatment of experimental methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis in rabbits.
Calhoun, JH; Mader, JT; Shirtliff, ME, 2001)		0.81
" With the resistant isolates, the MICs for ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, grepafloxacin, levofloxacin, and trovafloxacin were above the maximal serum drug concentrations reported for standard dosage regimens."( Fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae associated with levofloxacin therapy.
Drlica, K; Mariano, N; Rahal, JJ; Rahman, N; Segal-Maurer, S; Urban, C; Zhao, X, 2001)		0.77
"We have assessed levofloxacin penetration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the liquor-to-plasma ratio (C(L)/C(P)) at 2 hours after dosing in 5 patients with spontaneous acute bacterial meningitis."( Cerebrospinal fluid penetration of levofloxacin in patients with spontaneous acute bacterial meningitis.
Baraldo, M; Furlanut, M; Giobbia, M; Pea, F; Scotton, PG; Vaglia, A, 2001)		0.93
" Sequential therapy is easily administered due to its high oral bioavailability, and the dosing schedule can be a convenient once-daily dose."( Optimal treatment strategies for acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: high-risk patients.
Norrby, SR, 2001)		0.31
" Gatifloxacin should be avoided in the same patient population, and the recommended dosage of 400 mg/day should not be exceeded."( Rates of torsades de pointes associated with ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
Frothingham, R, 2001)		0.54
"Marked extracorporeal elimination of levofloxacin occurs, requiring a dosage adjustment that can be calculated from the characteristics of CVVH and CVVHDF."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin during continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration and continuous venovenous hemofiltration in critically ill patients.
Boos, C; Bruch, HP; Guenter, SG; Iven, H; Muhl, E, 2002)		0.91
"The main pharmacokinetic parameters af ter the first dosing were as follows: Cmax was (2."( Pharmacokinetics of multiple intravenous instillation of levofloxacin in Chinese healthy subjects.
Li, JT; Li, MN; Li, TY; Liu, Y; Lu, Y; Zhang, JW; Zhang, L; Zhang, YL, 2002)		0.56
"To probe the pharmacokinetic basis for the use of levofloxacin for complicated skin and skin-structure infections (SSSIs) at a once-daily dosage of 750 mg by investigating its penetration into skin tissue."( Penetration of levofloxacin into skin tissue after oral administration of multiple 750 mg once-daily doses.
Chen, A; Chow, AT; Fowler, C; Lattime, H; Morgan, N; Williams, RR; Wong, F, 2002)		0.92
" Many of the fluoroquinolone agents have once-daily dosing regimens, enhancing patient adherence."( The expanding role of fluoroquinolones.
Schaeffer, AJ, 2002)		0.31
" Given the severity of some of the adverse events, a better understanding of dosing and clearer guidelines for monitoring therapy are imperative if these drugs are to be prescribed together."( Adverse events associated with pyrazinamide and levofloxacin in the treatment of latent multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Dolovich, LR; Holbrook, A; Loeb, M; Papastavros, T; Whitehead, L, 2002)		0.57
" A higher dosage of sequential levofloxacin 750mg once daily proved as effective as intravenous ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (+/- oral switch to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) in the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections."( Levofloxacin: an updated review of its use in the treatment of bacterial infections.
Figgitt, DP; Hurst, M; Lamb, HM; Scott, LJ, 2002)		2.04
" Animals were killed on Days 2, 3, 4, 5 or 8 (the dosing day was designated as Day 1), and the incidence of micronucleus in the epidermis was determined."( In vivo photochemical micronucleus induction due to certain quinolone antimicrobial agents in the skin of hairless mice.
Furuhama, K; Itoh, S; Katoh, M, 2002)		0.31
"Most integral endpoints of antimicrobial effect, including area between the control growth and time-kill curves (ABBC), area above the curve (AAC) and area under the time-kill curve (AUBC) are determined over a dosing interval (tau), regardless of the actual effect duration."( AUC/MIC relationships to different endpoints of the antimicrobial effect: multiple-dose in vitro simulations with moxifloxacin and levofloxacin.
Firsov, AA; Lubenko, IY; Portnoy, YA; Vostrov, SN; Zinner, SH, 2002)		0.52
"05) from those observed after intravenous dosing in the same patients; other pharmacokinetic parameters were similar."( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral levofloxacin in critically ill adults in a medical intensive care unit.
Abraham, E; Fish, DN; Rebuck, JA, 2002)		0.58
"The dosage regimen of intravenous levofloxacin 500 mg once/day appears adequate for most pathogens found in critically ill patients with normal renal function."( Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral levofloxacin in critically ill adults in a medical intensive care unit.
Abraham, E; Fish, DN; Rebuck, JA, 2002)		0.86
"This in vitro study evaluated the pharmacodynamic performance of levofloxacin using different dosing strategies against both a levofloxacin-sensitive (MIC = 1 mg/liter) and -resistant (MIC = 16 mg/liter) strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae."( Microbiologic effectiveness of time- or concentration-based dosing strategies in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Gunderson, B; Hovde, LB; Ibrahim, KH; Ross, G; Rotschafer, JC; Wright, DH, 2002)		0.55
" Owing to a concern regarding noncompliance and the adverse effect of bleeding, warfarin dosage was adjusted in one patient even though his first INR value was in the high end of the therapeutic range (2."( Effect of levofloxacin coadministration on the international normalized ratios during warfarin therapy.
Burrows, MM; Enlow, AM; Greenwood, MC; Kilpatrick, DM; Lower, DL; Yamreudeewong, W, 2003)		0.72
" AUC0-t/MIC was strongly associated with bacterial kill throughout the dosing interval."( AUC(0-t)/MIC is a continuous index of fluoroquinolone exposure and predictive of antibacterial response for Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro infection model.
Ariano, RE; Harding, GK; Iacovides, H; Sun, S; Zelenitsky, SA, 2003)		0.32
" Area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(tau)) over the 12-hour dosage interval was about 30-40% lower than in healthy volunteers (33."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous levofloxacin in patients with early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Baldassarre, M; Brollo, L; Cusenza, A; Di Qual, E; Furlanut, M; Pea, F, 2003)		0.57
" For example, the cost implications of using manufacturers' recommendations for dosing in patients with renal dysfunction may be important, depending on the distribution of various levels of renal function within a patient population."( A novel method of estimating cost of therapy by using patient population characteristics: analysis of fluoroquinolones in various populations with different distributions of renal function.
Bosso, JA; Enzweiler, KA; White, RL, 2003)		0.32
" Also, costs of failing to adjust dosing regimens for decreased renal function were determined."( A novel method of estimating cost of therapy by using patient population characteristics: analysis of fluoroquinolones in various populations with different distributions of renal function.
Bosso, JA; Enzweiler, KA; White, RL, 2003)		0.32
" Costs potentially incurred by failing to adjust dosing for renal function were substantial."( A novel method of estimating cost of therapy by using patient population characteristics: analysis of fluoroquinolones in various populations with different distributions of renal function.
Bosso, JA; Enzweiler, KA; White, RL, 2003)		0.32
"Formulary decisions can be facilitated by considering factors such as patient characteristics and related dosing in addition to simple acquisition costs."( A novel method of estimating cost of therapy by using patient population characteristics: analysis of fluoroquinolones in various populations with different distributions of renal function.
Bosso, JA; Enzweiler, KA; White, RL, 2003)		0.32
" Objectives of this study are to determine the pharmacokinetics and dialytic clearance of levofloxacin and develop dosing strategies in these patients."( Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in ESRD and removal by the cellulose acetate high performance-210 hemodialyzer.
Hamburger, RJ; Kays, MB; Lucksiri, A; Mueller, BA; Scott, MK; Sowinski, KM, 2003)		1.98
"Direct measurement of the concentration of antimicrobial agents in bronchial epithelial lining fluid (ELF) would allow for a more informed approach to appropriate dosing of antimicrobial agents for respiratory tract infections."( Bronchoscopic microsampling method for measuring drug concentration in epithelial lining fluid.
Ishizaka, A; Nishimura, M; Ogura, S; Oh-hara, T; Yamazaki, K, 2003)		0.32
" Recent reports demonstrate enhanced activity associated with a higher 750 mg dosage of levofloxacin."( Comparative antimicrobial activity of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Garrison, MW, 2003)		0.81
" In classical fractionated dose-response studies with animals, it is difficult to differentiate between the AUC/MIC ratio and the peak/MIC ratio because of colinearity."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in a murine pneumonia model: peak concentration/MIC versus area under the curve/MIC ratios.
Fraschini, F; Mattina, R; Mouton, JW; Scaglione, F, 2003)		0.64
" Plasma samples were collected prior to dosing and for up to 48 hours after."( Lack of bioequivalence of levofloxacin when coadministered with a mineral-fortified breakfast of juice and cereal.
Amsden, GW; Johnson, PW; Whitaker, AM, 2003)		0.62
" The areas under the concentration-time curves during the 12-h dosing interval (AUC(0-tau)s) were 47."( Levofloxacin disposition in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with external ventriculostomy.
Benetton, C; Furlanut, M; Nascimben, E; Pavan, F; Pea, F; Scotton, PG; Vaglia, A, 2003)		1.76
"The impact of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters (the 24h area under the concentration-time curve [AUC24h]/minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] and maximum concentration in serum [Cmax]/MIC ratio) after single oral dosing of gatifloxacin on its bactericidal activity and resistance selectivity against quinolone-susceptible clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae J-69 was investigated using an in vitro PK model."( The effect of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters of gatifloxacin on its bactericidal activity and resistance selectivity against clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Ebisu, H; Fukuda, H; Kishii, R; Takei, M, 2003)		0.32
"In treating SARS, ICWM was superior to the treatment with western medicine alone in aspects of improving clinical symptom, promoting recovery of immune function and absorption of lung inflammation, decreasing the dosage of hormone used and shortening the therapeutic course."( [Controlled clinical study on 49 patients of SARS treated by integrative Chinese and Western medicine].
Jiao, Q; Wang, BG; Zhang, RL, 2003)		0.32
" In a second study, two dosage regimens of sitafloxacin were compared with placebo in Oriental subjects."( A randomized controlled trial (volunteer study) of sitafloxacin, enoxacin, levofloxacin and sparfloxacin phototoxicity.
Dawe, RS; Ferguson, J; Ibbotson, SH; Sanderson, JB; Thomson, EM, 2003)		0.55
"An in vitro pharmacodynamic model was used to simulate standard dosing regimens of linezolid, levofloxacin, and vancomycin against the isolates 79, R921, and P9802-020."( Linezolid, levofloxacin, and vancomycin against vancomycin-tolerant and fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.
Akins, RL; Cha, R; Rybak, MJ, 2003)		0.93
" With dosing regimens B and C, levofloxacin concentrations in the aqueous humor were above the MIC90 for most common ocular pathogens, including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species."( An in vivo study comparing the ocular absorption of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin prior to phacoemulsification.
Bucci, FA, 2004)		0.86
" for ventilator associated pneumonia to evaluate if this high dosage regimen might ensure appropriate exposure in the treatment of severe UTIs in ICU patients."( Urinary pharmacokinetics and theoretical pharmacodynamics of intravenous levofloxacin in intensive care unit patients treated with 500 mg b.i.d. for ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Baldassarre, M; Brollo, L; Di Qual, E; Furlanut, M; Nascimben, E; Pavan, F; Pea, F, 2003)		0.55
"To determine the steady-state, extracellular, and intracellular pulmonary disposition of moxifloxacin (MXF), levofloxacin (LEVO), and azithromycin (AZI) relative to that of the plasma over a 24-h dosing interval."( Steady-state intrapulmonary concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and azithromycin in older adults.
Braman, S; Capitano, B; Mattoes, HM; Nicolau, DP; O'Brien, A; Shore, E; Sutherland, C, 2004)		0.78
"0 micro g/mL) throughout the dosing interval."( Steady-state intrapulmonary concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and azithromycin in older adults.
Braman, S; Capitano, B; Mattoes, HM; Nicolau, DP; O'Brien, A; Shore, E; Sutherland, C, 2004)		0.57
" The once daily dosage regimen is more applicable, convenience and has better compliance."( An open label, randomized comparative study of levofloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of purulent sinusitis in adult Thai patients.
Bunnag, C; Dhiraputra, C; Fooanant, S; Jareoncharsri, P; Srifuengfung, S; Tunsuriyawong, P; Voraprayoon, S, 2004)		0.58
" g(-1) at 24 h after dosing and declined slowly with a terminal half-life of 468."( Absorption, distribution and excretion of 14C-levofloxacin after single oral administration in albino and pigmented rats: binding characteristics of levofloxacin-related radioactivity to melanin in vivo.
Ono, C; Tanaka, M; Yamada, M, 2004)		0.58
" Periodic and continuous ECGs were recorded before and after subjects were dosed with placebo and increasing doses of levofloxacin (500 mg, 1000 mg, 1500 mg) that included doses twice the maximum recommended dose of 750 mg in a double-blind, randomized, four-period, four-sequence crossover trial."( Measuring the effects of supratherapeutic doses of levofloxacin on healthy volunteers using four methods of QT correction and periodic and continuous ECG recordings.
Chien, S; Goodman, DB; Natarajan, J; Noel, GJ; Padmanabhan, M; Solanki, B, 2004)		0.78
" Based on the range of clinical indications, safety profile, local susceptibility, cost, and dosing convenience, levofloxacin was chosen over ciprofloxacin and gatifloxacin as the sole fluoroquinolone."( Drug costs and bacterial susceptibility after implementing a single-fluoroquinolone use policy at a university hospital.
Armitstead, JA; Empey, KL; Evans, ME; Martin, C; Ofotokum, I; Rapp, RP, 2004)		0.53
" Areas between the control growth and the time--kill curves (ABBC in single dose simulations and the sum of ABBCs determined after the first, second and third dosing in multiple dose simulations--ABBC(1+2+3)) were higher with ABT492 than levofloxacin."( ABT492 and levofloxacin: comparison of their pharmacodynamics and their abilities to prevent the selection of resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an in vitro dynamic model.
Arzamastsev, AP; Firsov, AA; Lubenko, IY; Portnoy, YA; Vostrov, SN; Zinner, SH, 2004)		0.9
"The aqueous penetration of the commercial preparations of the fluoroquinolone antibiotics ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and gatifloxacin were compared following topical dosing in a rabbit model."( Aqueous penetration of gatifloxacin and levofloxacin into the rabbit aqueous humor following topical dosing.
Blanchard, J; Lane, LC; Levine, JM; Noecker, RJ; Rapedius, M; Snyder, RW, 2004)		0.8
" The concentration and the extent of accumulation of radioactivity not only in melanin-containing ocular tissues but also in other non-pigmented ocular tissues, such as retina, after chronic oral administration of 14C-levofloxacin once daily for 84 days were much lower than those after multiple dosing with 14C-chloroquine under the same conditions."( Comparative assessment of ocular tissue distribution of drug-related radioactivity after chronic oral administration of 14C-levofloxacin and 14C-chloroquine in pigmented rats.
Takashina, H; Tanaka, M; Tsutsumi, S, 2004)		0.72
" Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin simulated after 500 mg, 750 mg and 1000 mg once daily dosing resulted in levofloxacin volume of distribution: elderly patients = younger patients, while levofloxacin clearance was: elderly patients < younger patients."( Pharmacodynamic target attainment analysis against Streptococcus pneumoniae using levofloxacin 500 mg, 750 mg and 1000 mg once daily in plasma (P) and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Chan, CK; Hoban, DJ; Marras, TK; Noreddin, AM; Sanders, K; Zhanel, GG, 2004)		0.87
" To provide dosing guidance for children, 3 single-dose, multicenter pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in 85 children in 5 age groups: 6 months to <2 years, 2 to <5 years, 5 to <10 years, 10 to <12 years, and 12 to 16 years."( Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in children.
Blumer, JL; Bocchini, JA; Bradley, JS; Chien, S; Kearns, GL; Maldonado, S; Natarajan, J; Noel, GJ; Wells, TG, 2005)		1.77
" The percentage of patients who required a warfarin dosage adjustment based on the post-INR (secondary outcome measure) was 41% (9 of 22 patients) in the levofloxacin group and 33% (7 of 21 patients) in the felodipine group."( Retrospective evaluation of a possible interaction between warfarin and levofloxacin.
Anderson, HG; McCall, KL; Scott, JC, 2005)		0.76
"A standard dosage regimen of 500 mg/day was administered to nine Caucasian patients included in the study, irrespective of their demographic characteristics."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in intensive care patients.
Alvarez Lerma, F; Colino Gandarillas, CI; Domínguez-Gil, A; Menacho, YA; Sánchez Navarro, A, 2005)		0.59
"The aim was to confirm which was the better regimen for second-line therapy after treatment failure with a standard triple therapy in Japan, a high dosage of levofloxacin- or metronidazole-based therapy."( Levofloxacin- versus metronidazole-based rescue therapy for H. pylori infection in Japan.
Aoyama, N; Kasuga, M; Matsumoto, Y; Miki, I; Mitani, T; Miyachi, H; Morita, Y; Shirasaka, D; Tamura, T; Toyoda, M; Watanabe, Y, 2005)		1.97
" Dosing regimens for gatifloxacin were 400 mg once daily (qd) administered to younger patients (<65 years) and gatifloxacin 200 mg qd to elderly patients (> or =65 years)."( Comparison of gatifloxacin and levofloxacin administered at various dosing regimens to hospitalised patients with community-acquired pneumonia: pharmacodynamic target attainment study using North American surveillance data for Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Hoban, DJ; Noreddin, AM; Zhanel, GG, 2005)		0.61
" Serum levofloxacin disposition after intravenous and oral dosing was best fitted to a bicompartmental and a monocompartmental open models with first-order elimination, respectively."( Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin after single intravenous and repeat oral administration to cats.
Albarellos, GA; Ambros, LA; Landoni, MF, 2005)		1.11
" Efforts should be directed at modifying hospital policies for dosing of levofloxacin and DTCCs to prevent coadministration."( Coadministration of oral levofloxacin with agents that impair its absorption: potential impact on emergence of resistance.
Barton, TD; Fishman, NO; Lautenbach, E; Quain, RD; Weiner, MG, 2005)		0.86
" Levofloxacin dosage adjustments based on sex should be considered on an individual basis."( Pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered levofloxacin in men and women.
Goldman, M; Kays, MB; Lagvankar, S; Mueller, BA; Overholser, BR; Sowinski, KM, 2005)		1.5
"Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent for which pharmacodynamic relationships between the maximum serum antibiotic concentration (Cmax)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio and/or the area under the serum concentration-time curve during a 24-h dosing period (AUC(0-24))/MIC ratio and clinical and/or microbiological outcomes have been developed."( Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis.
Blasi, F; Cazzola, M; Donnarumma, G; Marchetti, F; Matera, MG; Sanduzzi, A; Tufano, MA, 2005)		2.09
"To evaluate the dosing regimens of levofloxacin."( [Study of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin].
Shi, YG; Ye, XY; Yu, JC; Zhang, J; Zhang, YY; Zhou, L; Zhu, DM, 2005)		0.86
" Based on the above results, the PK/PD parameters C(max)/MIC and AUC/MIC were calculated and the dosing regimens of levofloxacin were proposed for infections caused by different pathogens."( [Study of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin].
Shi, YG; Ye, XY; Yu, JC; Zhang, J; Zhang, YY; Zhou, L; Zhu, DM, 2005)		0.8
"The proposed dosing regimens of levofloxacin based on PK/PD concepts are expected to provide good efficacy in clinical practice."( [Study of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin].
Shi, YG; Ye, XY; Yu, JC; Zhang, J; Zhang, YY; Zhou, L; Zhu, DM, 2005)		0.87
" By using a simulated animal pharmacokinetic profile, a once-daily dosing regimen that provided a human-equivalent exposure failed to sterilize the cultures."( Effective antimicrobial regimens for use in humans for therapy of Bacillus anthracis infections and postexposure prophylaxis.
Basset, J; Bush, K; Byrne, WR; Deziel, MR; Drusano, GL; Heine, H; Kao, M; Kelly, M; Louie, A; Miller, L, 2005)		0.33
" The unbound AUC/MIC ratio revealed that levofloxacin used in the described manner was borderline sufficient for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and insufficient for the treatment of pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, because the breakpoint of 30 to 40 for AUC/MIC could not be reached by the conventionally used dosage schema in our post-CS setting."( In vivo measurement of levofloxacin penetration into lung tissue after cardiac surgery.
Burgmann, H; Hutschala, D; Jaksch, P; Mayer-Helm, BX; Müller, M; Skhirtladze, K; Tschernko, EM; Wisser, W; Wolner, E; Zuckermann, A, 2005)		0.9
" pneumoniae, MPC results were below susceptible breakpoints and within clinically achievable and sustainable drug concentrations for >24 hours of the dosing interval against."( Comparison of the minimum inhibitory, mutant prevention and minimum bactericidal concentrations of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and garenoxacin against enteric Gram-negative urinary tract infection pathogens.
Blondeau, JM; Hansen, GT, 2005)		0.54
"The aim of this work is to provide a methodology to predict the potential efficacy of standard dosage schedules established for antimicrobials when used in clinical practice and administered to patients with different demographic characteristics."( [Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis to optimize antibacterial treatments: prediction of efficacy by using Montecarlo simulation techniques].
Sánchez Navarro, A, 2005)		0.33
"Compare two dosage strengths of levofloxacin in the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis."( A trial of high-dose, short-course levofloxacin for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis.
Anon, J; Kahn, J; Khashab, M; Paglia, M; Poole, M; Xiang, J, 2006)		0.89
" The safety profile of the 2 dosage strengths was similar."( A trial of high-dose, short-course levofloxacin for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis.
Anon, J; Kahn, J; Khashab, M; Paglia, M; Poole, M; Xiang, J, 2006)		0.61
" dosing of levofloxacin (81%[95% CI: 78%-89%]vs 84%[95% CI: 66%-97%])."( Levofloxacin-based triple therapy versus bismuth-based quadruple therapy for persistent Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis.
Chey, WD; Kim, HM; Saad, RJ; Schoenfeld, P, 2006)		2.17
" Adherence to the prescribed regimen is affected by a number of variables including dosing interval, treatment duration, adverse effects, and palatability in pediatric patients."( Value of short-course antimicrobial therapy in community-acquired pneumonia.
Blasi, F; Tarsia, P, 2005)		0.33
" This subgroup analysis attempted to compare the safety and efficacy of a short-course levofloxacin regimen with traditional levofloxacin dosing for PSI Class III/IV patients."( Levofloxacin 750-mg for 5 days for the treatment of hospitalized Fine Risk Class III/IV community-acquired pneumonia patients.
Kahn, JB; Khashab, MM; Shorr, AF; Tennenberg, AM; Xiang, JX, 2006)		2
" These differences can pose challenges in developing appropriate dosing guidelines."( Do intensive care patients need an individualized dosing regimen for levofloxacin?
Barth, J; Hochhaus, G; Jäger, D; Kaufmann, S; Tayab, ZR, 2006)		0.57
" For patients with higher levofloxacin clearance, the resulting efficacy for different strains of bacteria (expressed as free AUC/MIC ratios) suggested that for less sensitive pathogens, a dosage adjustment may be needed."( Do intensive care patients need an individualized dosing regimen for levofloxacin?
Barth, J; Hochhaus, G; Jäger, D; Kaufmann, S; Tayab, ZR, 2006)		0.87
" This may have significant implications in the clinical setting for identifying optimal dosage regimens for ICU patients."( Do intensive care patients need an individualized dosing regimen for levofloxacin?
Barth, J; Hochhaus, G; Jäger, D; Kaufmann, S; Tayab, ZR, 2006)		0.57
" Three males and three female Rhesus monkeys were dosed with a single oral dose of 14C-levofloxacin at 15 mg kg-1 (2 MBq kg-1)."( Pharmacokinetics, metabolism, excretion and plasma protein binding of 14C-levofloxacin after a single oral administration in the Rhesus monkey.
Bottacini, M; Hemeryck, A; Kao, M; Kelley, MF; Macpherson, D; Mamidi, RN, 2006)		0.79
"5 points above the INR before fluoroquinolone use; major or minor bleeding events; requirement for vitamin K administration; warfarin dosage reduction or withholding doses; and warfarin-related hospital, emergency, or urgent care admissions or visits."( Anticoagulation-related outcomes in patients receiving warfarin after starting levofloxacin or gatifloxacin.
Cole, J; Mathews, S; Ryono, RA, 2006)		0.56
"Given similar adverse event profiles and the advantages of higher dose therapy, including shorter courses of therapy and potential impact on preventing resistance, clinicians should consider utilizing the 750 mg dose of levofloxacin when choosing between dosage strengths for treatment of indicated infections."( Comparison of the adverse event profiles of levofloxacin 500 mg and 750 mg in clinical trials for the treatment of respiratory infections.
Kahn, JB; Khashab, MM; Xiang, J, 2006)		0.78
" The value of dosing of antimicrobial agents based on MPC thresholds results in a rapid reduction in viable cells--even at higher inocula which are more reflective of organism burden in pneumonia."( Application of two methods to determine killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae by various fluoroquinolones.
Blondeau, JM; Blondeau, LD; Borsos, S; Hesje, C, 2006)		0.33
" Computer simulations to match plasma concentration profile, area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), and time above MIC for a human oral dose of 500 mg levofloxacin once a day identified a dosing regimen in rhesus monkeys that would most closely match human exposure: 15 mg/kg followed by 4 mg/kg administered 12 h later."( Pharmacokinetic considerations and efficacy of levofloxacin in an inhalational anthrax (postexposure) rhesus monkey model.
Barnewall, R; Bush, K; Chien, S; Drusano, GL; Estep, J; Hemeryck, A; Kao, LM; Kelley, MF; Minton, N; Olson, PH; Thalacker, FW, 2006)		0.79
"The mutant selection window hypothesis, originally based on agar plate assays, may lead to new antimicrobial dosing strategies that severely restrict the acquisition of resistance."( The mutant selection window in rabbits infected with Staphylococcus aureus.
Cui, J; Drlica, K; Liu, Y; Tong, W; Wang, R; Zhao, X, 2006)		0.33
" It can be concluded that overall the doses of the two tested fluoroquinolones may be considered equivalent with regard to treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, although the recommended dosing is twice daily for ciprofloxacin and once daily for levofloxacin."( Concentrations in plasma, urinary excretion and bactericidal activity of levofloxacin (500 mg) versus ciprofloxacin (500 mg) in healthy volunteers receiving a single oral dose.
Kinzig-Schippers, M; Naber, KG; Sörgel, F; Wagenlehner, FM; Weidner, W, 2006)		0.75
" Standard levofloxacin dosing (especially monotherapy) is unlikely to produce maximum therapeutic effectiveness."( Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in adult cystic fibrosis.
Boyle, MP; Brass-Ernst, L; Diener-West, M; Lee, CKK; Noschese, M; Zeitlin, PL, 2007)		2.18
" and the possible emergence of resistant bacterial strains in a ten rats group receiving levofloxacin at the dosage of 10mg/kg one a day for 5 consecutive days."( [Changes in intestinal microflora following levofloxacin administration in laboratory animals].
Ciarcia, R; Esposito, S; Ianniello, F; Leone, S; Lucisano, A; Noviello, S, 2005)		0.81
"A rapid and sensitive reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the analysis of levofloxacin from bulk materials, dosage formulations and human serum is described."( Optimization of levofloxacin analysis by RP-HPLC using multivariate calibration technique.
Arayne, MS; Siddiqui, FA; Sultana, N, 2007)		0.9
" pylori treatment: effectiveness (>80%), simplicity (twice-daily dosing and excellent compliance) and safety (low incidence of adverse effects)."( First-line triple therapy with levofloxacin for Helicobacter pylori eradication.
Fernández-Bermejo, M; Gisbert, JP; González-García, G; Mateos-Rodríguez, JM; Molina-Infante, J; Pérez-Gallardo, B; Prieto-Bermejo, AB; Robledo-Andrés, P, 2007)		0.63
"To identify the optimal dosage of levofloxacin to eradicate persistent Helicobacter pylori when triple therapy with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and omeprazole fails."( Levofloxacin-containing triple therapy to eradicate the persistent H. pylori after a failed conventional triple therapy.
Chang, WL; Chen, WY; Cheng, HC; Sheu, BS; Wu, JJ; Yang, HB, 2007)		2.06
" According to these findings, anuric critically ill patients who are undergoing EDD should be treated with the standard dosage of moxifloxacin (400 mg/d intravenously)."( Pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin in intensive care unit patients who have acute renal failure and undergo extended daily dialysis.
Czock, D; de Groot, K; Fliser, D; Hafer, C; Haller, H; Hüsig-Linde, C; Keller, F; Kielstein, JT; Kuse, E; Langhoff, A; Schöpke, T; Swoboda, S, 2006)		0.61
" Included studies also had to meet 3 minimum criteria: evaluation of clinically relevant dosing regimens, use of rigorous study methods, and provision of mean (SD) values for the pharmacokinetic parameters of interest."( Simulated comparison of the pharmacodynamics of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa using pharmacokinetic data from healthy volunteers and 2002 minimum inhibitory concentration data.
Burgess, DS; Hall, RG, 2007)		0.58
" Improper dosage adjustment based on renal function was not associated with higher rates of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia for either drug."( Effects of gatifloxacin and levofloxacin on rates of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia among elderly hospitalized patients.
Graves, J; Lodise, T; Lomaestro, B; Miller, C; Mohr, JF; Smith, RP, 2007)		0.63
" For eradication, European, Canadian, and American guidelines recommend a regimen consisting of a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin, and metronidazole or amoxicillin dosed twice daily for at least 7 days."( An alternative salvage regimen for Helicobacter pylori-resistant patients with heart failure.
Cantu, M; Ferguson, D; Page, RL, 2008)		0.35
" no change in warfarin dosing in 40 chronically anticoagulated patients initiating trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) or levofloxacin."( Impact of preemptive warfarin dose reduction on anticoagulation after initiation of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or levofloxacin.
Ahmed, A; Fay, WP; Kaus, CA; Stephens, JC, 2008)		0.76
" An expectant strategy consisting of no change in warfarin dosing with short-term INR follow-up appears reasonable in patients treated with levofloxacin."( Impact of preemptive warfarin dose reduction on anticoagulation after initiation of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or levofloxacin.
Ahmed, A; Fay, WP; Kaus, CA; Stephens, JC, 2008)		0.76
"Information about the elimination and the adequate dosing of levofloxacin during renal replacement therapy is scarce."( Clearance of levofloxacin by an in vitro model of continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD).
Drewelow, B; Mueller, SC; Siewert, S, 2007)		0.95
" Based on the pharmacokinetic parameters, an appropriate intravenous dosage regimen for levofloxacin would be 5 mg/kg repeated at 24 h intervals when prescribed with paracetamol in calves."( Disposition kinetics and dosage regimen of levofloxacin on concomitant administration with paracetamol in crossbred calves.
Dumka, VK, 2007)		0.82
"A simple, rapid, and accurate high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method is described for the simultaneous determination of levofloxacin hemihydrate and ornidazole in tablet dosage form."( Validated HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation of levofloxacin hemihydrate and ornidazole in pharmaceutical dosage form.
Bari, SB; Chepurwar, SB; Fursule, RA; Shirkhedkar, AA; Surana, SJ, 2007)		0.79
" Multivariate analysis demonstrated that lack of downward dosage adjustment based on creatinine clearance (odds ratio [OR] 10."( Prevalence of and risk factors for dysglycemia in patients receiving gatifloxacin and levofloxacin in an outpatient setting.
LaPlante, KL; Mersfelder, TL; Quilliam, BJ; Ward, KE, 2008)		0.57
" Lack of downward fluoroquinolone dosage adjustment for renal function, presence of diabetes, and treatment with insulin or sulfonylureas each independently increased the risk of dysglycemia."( Prevalence of and risk factors for dysglycemia in patients receiving gatifloxacin and levofloxacin in an outpatient setting.
LaPlante, KL; Mersfelder, TL; Quilliam, BJ; Ward, KE, 2008)		0.57
" In patients with these risk factors, especially among people with a combination of said risk factors - which is frequently the case with nephrologic and dialysis patients, especially -, fluoroquinolones should be administered only after critical evaluation and with a dosage that is adapted to renal function."( [Fluoroquinolone-induced Achilles tendon rupture].
Maurin, N, 2008)		0.35
" To prevent the emerging of resistance resulting from its abuse, an optimal method and dosage are needed."( Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin as prophylaxis for febrile neutropenia.
Fujimoto, Y; Kanbayashi, Y; Matsumoto, Y; Morimoto, Y; Nomura, K; Taniwaki, M, 2008)		0.63
" is predicted to be the most effective dosage and method."( Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin as prophylaxis for febrile neutropenia.
Fujimoto, Y; Kanbayashi, Y; Matsumoto, Y; Morimoto, Y; Nomura, K; Taniwaki, M, 2008)		0.63
" Our findings suggest the re-evaluation of clinical dosing schemas of antibiotic therapy in a variety of diseases associated with atelectasis formation."( The impact of perioperative atelectasis on antibiotic penetration into lung tissue: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Hutschala, D; Kinstner, C; Mayer-Helm, BX; Müller, M; Skhirtladze, K; Tschernko, E; Wisser, W; Zeitlinger, M, 2008)		0.35
" A hollow-fiber infection model (HFIM) simulating various clinical (fluctuating concentrations over time) dosing exposures was used to selectively validate our quantitative assessment of the combined killing effect."( Quantitative assessment of combination antimicrobial therapy against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
Chang, KT; Hou, JG; Kwa, AL; Ledesma, KR; Lim, TP; Nikolaou, M; Prince, RA; Quinn, JP; Tam, VH, 2008)		0.35
" The efficacy of the rifampin-levofloxacin combination is not significantly improved by the dosage of levofloxacin."( Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
Ariza, J; Cabellos, C; Cabo, J; Euba, G; Gudiol, F; Murillo, O; Pachón, ME; Tubau, F; Verdaguer, R, 2008)		0.88
" Azithromycin use was associated with more nausea in the 30 min after dosing (azithromycin group, 8% of patients; levofloxacin group, 1% of patients; Pp."( Azithromycin and loperamide are comparable to levofloxacin and loperamide for the treatment of traveler's diarrhea in United States military personnel in Turkey.
Frenck, RW; Johnston, JR; Monteville, MR; Putnam, SD; Riddle, MS; Rockabrand, DM; Sanders, JW; Tribble, DR; Ulukan, S, 2007)		0.81
" Although nausea after dosing is uncommon, it is more frequently associated with azithromycin than with levofloxacin."( Azithromycin and loperamide are comparable to levofloxacin and loperamide for the treatment of traveler's diarrhea in United States military personnel in Turkey.
Frenck, RW; Johnston, JR; Monteville, MR; Putnam, SD; Riddle, MS; Rockabrand, DM; Sanders, JW; Tribble, DR; Ulukan, S, 2007)		0.81
"The manuscript describes validated reversed-phase column high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) and first-derivative UV spectrophotometric methods for the estimation of levofloxacin (LFX) and ornidazole (ORNI) in combined dosage forms."( Development and validation of column high-performance liquid chromatographic and derivative spectrophotometric methods for determination of levofloxacin and ornidazole in combined dosage forms.
Patel, NJ; Patel, PU; Patel, SA; Prajapati, AM; Vaghmasi, JB, )		0.53
"This is the first study to measure AH levels of levofloxacin after postoperative pulsed dosing in humans."( Increased anterior chamber penetration of topical levofloxacin 0.5% after pulsed dosing in cataract patients.
Gardner, S; Geldsetzer, K; Lokkila, J; Ropo, A; Seal, D; Stenevi, U; Sundelin, K, 2009)		0.86
" However, dosage and length of levofloxacin-based regimens have not been established."( Second-line levofloxacin-based triple schemes for Helicobacter pylori eradication.
Di Caro, S; Franceschi, F; Gasbarrini, A; La Rocca, E; Mariani, A; Masci, E; Raimondo, D; Testoni, A; Thompson, F, 2009)		1.02
" Dosage of levofloxacin did not affect the eradication rates (77."( Second-line levofloxacin-based triple schemes for Helicobacter pylori eradication.
Di Caro, S; Franceschi, F; Gasbarrini, A; La Rocca, E; Mariani, A; Masci, E; Raimondo, D; Testoni, A; Thompson, F, 2009)		1.12
"Emerging evidence suggests that current fluoroquinolone dosing strategies may be inadequate to treat bloodstream infections caused by organisms classified as sensitive."( Effect of differences in MIC values on clinical outcomes in patients with bloodstream infections caused by gram-negative organisms treated with levofloxacin.
Defife, R; Feinglass, JM; Postelnick, MJ; Scarsi, KK; Scheetz, MH, 2009)		0.55
"5% eyedrops with the classic, more frequent dosing in patients with bacterial conjunctivitis."( Clinical and microbiological efficacy of levofloxacin administered three times a day for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis.
Kaminska, A; Szaflik, J; Szaflik, JP, )		0.4
"5% levofloxacin eyedrops three times daily to each eye for 5 days (experimental dosage group), or every 2 hours on days 1 and 2, and then every 4 hours on days 3-5 (up to four times per day) (classic dosage group)."( Clinical and microbiological efficacy of levofloxacin administered three times a day for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis.
Kaminska, A; Szaflik, J; Szaflik, JP, )		1.02
"3% in classic dosage group, p=0."( Clinical and microbiological efficacy of levofloxacin administered three times a day for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis.
Kaminska, A; Szaflik, J; Szaflik, JP, )		0.4
" Subsequent studies should be performed to evaluate antibiotic resistance, doses, dosing intervals, duration of treatment, and safety of these two regimes."( Failure of Helicobacter pylori treatment after regimes containing clarithromycin: new practical therapeutic options.
Coelho, L; Moretzsohn, L; Sanches, B; Vieira, G, 2008)		0.35
" Concentrations of all agents are predicted to exceed the MPC for ATCC 49226 for the entire dosage interval, while concentrations of moxifloxacin alone will exceed the MPC for m-49226."( Evaluation of the mutant selection window for fluoroquinolones against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Allen, GP; Hankins, CD, 2009)		0.35
" In case of macrolides higher dosage is indicated, because there is a risk of clinical failure at lower doses."( [Voice on the treatment of ureaplasmas infections].
Biernat-Sudolska, M; Drzewiecki, A; Rojek-Zakrzewska, D, 2009)		0.35
" The superiority of aerosol dosing over systemic dosing was demonstrated in models of both acute and chronic lung infection."( Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Dudley, MN; Griffith, DC; Miller, CE; Nolan, TG; Sabet, M; Senekeo-Effenberger, K, 2009)		0.64
"The objective of current study was to develop a validated specific stability indicating reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method for the quantitative determination of levofloxacin as well as its related substances determination in bulk samples, pharmaceutical dosage forms in the presence of degradation products and its process related impurities."( A validated stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for levofloxacin in the presence of degradation products, its process related impurities and identification of oxidative degradant.
Chandrasekhar, KB; Lalitha Devi, M, 2009)		0.8
" The results indicate that LVFX dosage adjustment should be individualized on the basis of the CL(cr), especially in those with CL(cr) less than 50 ml/min."( Population pharmacokinetics of oral levofloxacin 500 mg once-daily dosage in community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections: results of a prospective multicenter study in China.
Cao, GY; Huang, JA; Liu, YB; Shi, YG; Si, B; Sun, SH; Wu, XJ; Xia, QM; Xiao, ZK; Xu, JF; Zhang, J; Zhang, YY, 2009)		0.63
" This study concluded that the dosage regimen of LVFX 500 mg once daily was effective and tolerable for the treatment of LRTIs and UTIs."( Clinical evaluation of oral levofloxacin 500 mg once-daily dosage for treatment of lower respiratory tract infections and urinary tract infections: a prospective multicenter study in China.
Chen, BY; Ding, GH; Duan, J; Gu, JM; Guo, DY; Hao, QL; Huang, HH; Huang, JA; Li, HY; Li, QH; Liu, A; Lü, XJ; Ma, H; Ren, ZY; Shen, HH; Shi, MH; Si, B; Sun, SH; Sun, TY; Wu, GM; Xia, QM; Xiao, W; Xiao, ZK; Xiu, QY; Yang, HF; Yang, HP; Yao, WZ; Ying, KJ; Yu, YS; Yue, HM; Zhang, W; Zhang, YY; Zheng, HG, 2009)		0.65
" Different dosing regimens were simulated to match adult exposure (area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h at steady state, maximum concentration of drug in serum at steady state, and minimum concentration of drug in serum at steady state) following the approved adult dose of 500 mg once a day."( Pharmacometrics-based dose selection of levofloxacin as a treatment for postexposure inhalational anthrax in children.
Chien, S; Li, F; Nandy, P; Noel, GJ; Tornoe, CW, 2010)		0.63
" aeruginosa MICs were determined by Etest and pharmacodynamic indices (the percentage of the dosing interval that the free drug concentration remains above the MIC of the infecting organism [fT > MIC], the ratio of the minimum concentration of free drug to the MIC [fC(min)/MIC], and the ratio of the area under the concentration-time curve for free drug to the MIC [fAUC/MIC]) were calculated for each patient."( Clinical pharmacodynamics of cefepime in patients infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Bulik, CC; Crandon, JL; Kuti, JL; Nicolau, DP, 2010)		0.36
" These results, including in vitro antibacterial activity against clinical isolates and therapeutic efficacy of a humanized dosing regimen, provide good evidence to support the use of LVFX at 500 mg once a day for treating patient with legionnaires disease."( [Therapeutic efficacy of levofloxacin against a model of replicable Legionella pneumophila lung infection in DBA/2 mice].
Fujikawa, K; Karibe, Y; Kashimoto, Y; Kurosaka, Y; Namba, K; Otani, T; Uoyama, S; Yamaguchi, K, 2009)		0.66
" Subjects were dosed every 2 hours while awake and 4 and 6 hours after retiring (Days 1-3) and four times daily while awake (Days 4-14)."( Tear concentration and safety of levofloxacin ophthalmic solution 1.5% compared with ofloxacin ophthalmic solution 0.3% after topical administration in healthy adult volunteers.
Holdbrook, M; Krebs, W; Rinehart, M; Walters, T, 2010)		0.64
"3% ophthalmic solution after topical dosing in human eyes."( [Human aqueous humor levels of levofloxacin 0.5%, gatifloxacin 0.3% and levofloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic solution after topical dosing].
Chen, WJ; Huang, XD; Yao, K; Yuan, JQ; Zhang, Z, 2009)		0.64
" A biphasic extended release profile at an appropriate dose can inhibit the biofilm growth for four days, therefore reducing the dosing frequency."( Antibacterial efficacy of inhalable levofloxacin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles against E. coli biofilm cells: the effect of antibiotic release profile.
Chang, MW; Cheow, WS; Hadinoto, K, 2010)		0.64
" In particular, the deeper knowledge of kinetic-dynamic characteristics has allowed to highlight that high dosage approach in short term therapy might reveal as extremely interesting in a setting of critical patients."( [PK/PD profile and post-marketing surveillance of levofloxacin].
Pea, F, 2009)		0.61
" To overcome these problems of conventional dosage form, novel drug delivery systems are explored like nanoparticles."( Biodegradable levofloxacin nanoparticles for sustained ocular drug delivery.
Ali, A; Aqil, M; Bhatnagar, A; Gupta, H; Khar, RK; Mittal, G, 2011)		0.73
" The single method thus developed is applied for the quantification of levofloxacin both in aqueous humour as well as pharmaceutical dosage forms (i."( A single reversed-phase UPLC method for quantification of levofloxacin in aqueous humour and pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Ali, A; Aqil, M; Chander, P; Gupta, H; Khar, RK, 2010)		0.84
" Aerosol administration of levofloxacin as in the form of the investigational formulation MP-376 results in higher concentrations in lung tissues that are higher than those that can be attained with oral or intravenous dosing of levofloxacin."( Levofloxacin reduces inflammatory cytokine levels in human bronchial epithelia cells: implications for aerosol MP-376 (levofloxacin solution for inhalation) treatment of chronic pulmonary infections.
Dudley, MN; Griffith, DC; Lomovskaya, O; Sabet, M; Tarazi, Z; Tsivkovskii, R, 2011)		2.11
" This trial is based on the hypothesis that current anti-mycobacterial treatment schedules for TBM are not potent enough and that outcomes will be improved by increasing the CSF penetrating power of this regimen by optimising dosage and using additional drugs with better CSF penetration."( Intensified treatment with high dose rifampicin and levofloxacin compared to standard treatment for adult patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM-IT): protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Bang, ND; Caws, M; Chau, TT; Day, J; Dung, NH; Farrar, J; Heemskerk, D; Merson, L; Olliaro, P; Pouplin, T; Wolbers, M; Yen, NT, 2011)		0.62
" Accumulating elimination rate of antofloxaxin from urine within 120 hours after the last dosing was 60."( Pharmacokinetic study of single and multiple oral dose administration of antofloxacin hydrochloride in healthy male volunteers.
Kang, ZS; Li, TY; Liu, Y; Lü, Y; Xiao, YH; Zhang, M; Zhu, Y, 2011)		0.37
"Literature data relevant to the decision to allow a waiver of in vivo bioequivalence (BE) testing for the approval of immediate release (IR) solid oral dosage forms containing levofloxacin as the only active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) are reviewed."( Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: levofloxacin.
Barends, DM; Cristofoletti, R; Dressman, JB; Fernandes, EF; Junginger, HE; Koeppe, MO; Kopp, S; Midha, KK; Shah, VP; Stavchansky, S; Storpirtis, S, 2011)		0.8
" We had previously developed a mathematical modelling framework to describe the dynamics of bacterial populations under the effect of antimicrobials, which could facilitate the design of optimal dosing regimens."( Modelling biphasic killing of fluoroquinolones: guiding optimal dosing regimen design.
Bhagunde, P; Chang, KT; Ledesma, KR; Nikolaou, M; Singh, R; Tam, VH, 2011)		0.37
" Based on the best-fit model parameters, the likelihood of resistance development associated with various dosing regimens was predicted."( Modelling biphasic killing of fluoroquinolones: guiding optimal dosing regimen design.
Bhagunde, P; Chang, KT; Ledesma, KR; Nikolaou, M; Singh, R; Tam, VH, 2011)		0.37
"Bacterial regrowth and resistance development were observed with suboptimal dosing regimens."( Modelling biphasic killing of fluoroquinolones: guiding optimal dosing regimen design.
Bhagunde, P; Chang, KT; Ledesma, KR; Nikolaou, M; Singh, R; Tam, VH, 2011)		0.37
"Our model was found to be reasonable in characterizing biphasic killing of fluoroquinolones and predicting dosing regimens to suppress resistance development."( Modelling biphasic killing of fluoroquinolones: guiding optimal dosing regimen design.
Bhagunde, P; Chang, KT; Ledesma, KR; Nikolaou, M; Singh, R; Tam, VH, 2011)		0.37
" An in vitro infection model was used to simulate free pulmonary fluctuating concentrations expected after multiple dosing regimens of both drugs in humans or constant multiples of the minimum inhibitory concentration."( Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling of the bactericidal activity of free lung concentrations of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Dalla Costa, T; de Andrade, C; Tasso, L, 2011)		0.58
" Due to the high antibiotic dosage requirement in anti-biofilm therapy, the most suitable formulation for this purpose is the antibiotic nanoparticles themselves, instead of the more extensively studied antibiotic-loaded nano-carriers, which often exhibit low drug loading."( Green preparation of antibiotic nanoparticle complex as potential anti-biofilm therapeutics via self-assembly amphiphile-polyelectrolyte complexation with dextran sulfate.
Cheow, WS; Hadinoto, K, 2012)		0.38
" Using a similar dosing selection pressure, the emergence of levofloxacin resistance was delayed in a strain with acrAB deleted compared to the isogenic parent."( Temporal interplay between efflux pumps and target mutations in development of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli.
Hu, M; Ledesma, KR; Singh, R; Swick, MC; Tam, VH; Yang, Z; Zechiedrich, L, 2012)		0.62
"We performed plasma dosage for each antibiotic in patients with a bone and joint infection requiring treatment with a levofloxacin and rifampicin combination."( Pharmacokinetic and dynamic study of levofloxacin and rifampicin in bone and joint infections.
Bensalem, M; Bland, S; Bru, JP; Gaillat, J; Garraffo, R; Guillaume, M; Janssen, C, 2012)		0.86
"Levofloxacin dosing regimens with low AUC/MIC ratios select for efflux pump overexpression, leading to fluoroquinolone resistance."( Comparative antibacterial effects of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin on Streptococcus pneumoniae strains with defined mechanisms of resistance: impact of bacterial inoculum.
Bowker, KE; Garvey, MI; Macgowan, AP; Noel, AR; Tomaselli, SG, 2013)		2.08
" Common clinical antibiotic dosing schemes should be reevaluated in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with CPB."( Effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on regional antibiotic penetration into lung tissue.
Hoeferl, M; Hutschala, D; Jaeger, W; Kinstner, C; Müller, M; Skhirtladze, K; Tschernko, E; Wisser, W; Zeitlinger, M, 2013)		0.39
" Patients were administered LVFX 500mg, orally, once a day and the dosage period was seven days."( [Efficacy and safety of levofloxacin to non-gonorrheal urethritis].
Hosobe, T; Kato, T; Onodera, S; Onoe, Y; Yoshida, M, 2012)		0.69
"The pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of levofloxacin were investigated following administration of levofloxacin injection in healthy Chinese volunteers for optimizing dosing regimen."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin injection in healthy Chinese volunteers and dosing regimen optimization.
Cao, G; Chen, Y; Guo, B; Shi, Y; Wu, X; Ye, X; Yu, J; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y; Zhu, D, 2013)		0.9
" Most of these are attributed to inappropriate dosing of hypoglycemic agents, dietary indiscretion, or acute illness."( Life-threatening metabolic coma caused by levofloxacin.
Bansal, N; Madhira, B; Manocha, D, )		0.4
"Since April 2011, a dosage adjustment program has been implemented at Gifu Municipal Hospital."( Economic evaluation of adjustments of levofloxacin dosage by dispensing pharmacists for patients with renal dysfunction.
Aoyama, S; Fukuta, M; Goto, C; Kato, M; Koda, A; Mizui, T; Osawa, T; Tachi, T; Tanaka, K; Teramachi, H; Yasuda, M, 2013)		0.66
"Ensuring an appropriate dosage of renally eliminated drugs for patients with renal insufficiency is important for preventing adverse drug reactions."( Impact of levofloxacin dose adjustments by dispensing pharmacists on adverse reactions and costs in the treatment of elderly patients.
Aoyama, S; Asano, S; Fukuta, M; Goto, C; Mizui, T; Osawa, T; Tachi, T; Tanaka, K; Teramachi, H; Tsuchiya, T; Yasuda, M, 2013)		0.79
" Furthermore, western blot and real-time quantitative PCR were used to find that integrin α2β1 was responsible for estrogen-dependent anti-apoptosis, which was time-response and dose-response effect."( 17β-Estradiol protects against apoptosis induced by levofloxacin in rat nucleus pulposus cells by upregulating integrin α2β1.
Ding, WY; Gu, TX; Ma, L; Shen, Y; Song, YL; Sun, YP; Yang, DL; Yang, SD; Zhang, D; Zhang, F; Zhang, YZ, 2014)		0.65
" The formula containing xanthan gum without any cross linker showed the most sustained LVF release with an increase in diameter with time, thus acting as a plug-type dosage form."( Formulation and in vitro evaluation of size expanding gastro-retentive systems of levofloxacin hemihydrate.
El-Kamel, AH; El-Zahaby, SA; Kassem, AA, 2014)		0.63
" In vivo studies showed that chitosan microspheres are thought to have the potential to maintain levofloxacin concentration within target ranges for a long time, decreasing side effects caused by concentration fluctuation, ensuring the efficiency of treatment and improving patient compliance by reducing dosing frequency."( Preparation oral levofloxacin colon-specific microspheres delivery: in vitro and in vivo studies.
Cao, Q; Ding, Y; Feng, M; Jin, L, 2016)		0.99
" A high drug exposure NOEL on oral dosing in the rat suggested that a high therapeutic margin could be achieved."( Novel DNA gyrase inhibiting spiropyrimidinetriones with a benzisoxazole scaffold: SAR and in vivo characterization.
Basarab, GS; Brassil, P; Doig, P; Galullo, V; Gowravaram, M; Haimes, HB; Kern, G; Kutschke, A; McNulty, J; Schuck, VJ; Stone, G, 2014)		0.4
" In non-adherent dosing scenarios, LFX 500 mg q24 h was not able to reach the PK/PD index guaranteeing clinical efficacy."( Impact of poor compliance with levofloxacin and moxifloxacin on respiratory tract infection antimicrobial efficacy: a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic simulation study.
Carral, N; Lukas, JC; Oteo, I; Suarez, E, 2015)		0.7
" Concentration data were population modelled using the BigNPAG algorithm, and a 5000-patient Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to simulate ELF exposure for a dosing regimen 750mg every 24h for five doses in plasma and ELF of infected versus uninfected patients."( Presence of infection influences the epithelial lining fluid penetration of oral levofloxacin in adult patients.
Kuti, JL; Nicolau, DP, 2015)		0.64
" Levofloxacin dosing can be optimized to improve the treatment of both TB and MDR-TB."( Limited sampling strategy and target attainment analysis for levofloxacin in patients with tuberculosis.
Alsultan, A; An, G; Peloquin, CA, 2015)		1.57
"Data on the tolerance and effectiveness of rifampicin-levofloxacin combination therapy (RLCT) in patients treated for prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) according to daily dosage are lacking."( Influence of daily dosage and frequency of administration of rifampicin-levofloxacin therapy on tolerance and effectiveness in 154 patients treated for prosthetic joint infections.
Beltrand, E; Blondiaux, N; Loiez, C; Migaud, H; Nguyen, S; Robineau, O; Senneville, E; Titecat, M; Valette, M, 2015)		0.9
"Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of second-line antituberculosis drugs would allow for optimal individualized dosage adjustments and improve drug safety and therapeutic outcomes."( Pharmacokinetics of Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs after Multiple Administrations in Healthy Volunteers.
Chung, JY; Jang, IJ; Jang, K; Lee, JH; Moon, SJ; Oh, J; Park, JS; Park, SI; Song, J; Yoon, J; Yu, KS, 2015)		0.42
" The prodrug achieved equivalent exposure of 1 compared to dosing the parent in multiple species."( Discovery and Characterization of a Water-Soluble Prodrug of a Dual Inhibitor of Bacterial DNA Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV.
Bennani, YL; Chandupatla, KR; Charifson, PS; Crandon, JL; Dixit, V; Engtrakul, JJ; Grillot, AL; Hanzelka, BL; Jones, SM; Le Tiran, A; Macikenas, D; Nicolau, DP; O'Brien, CF; O'Dowd, H; Shannon, DE; Song, B; Tessier, PR; Ye, Z, 2015)		0.42
" Current rifampin dosing achieves low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations, and CSF penetration of ethambutol is poor."( Pediatric tuberculous meningitis: Model-based approach to determining optimal doses of the anti-tuberculosis drugs rifampin and levofloxacin for children.
Aarnoutse, R; Dooley, KE; Ganiem, AR; Gupta, A; Hesseling, A; Hibma, JE; McIlleron, H; Ramachandran, G; Ruslami, R; Savic, RM; Swaminathan, S; Thakur, K; van Crevel, R, 2015)		0.62
"In the Federated States of Micronesia and then the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), levofloxacin pharmacokinetics were studied in children receiving directly observed once-daily regimens (10 mg/kg, age >5 years; 15-20 mg/kg, age ≤5 years) for either multidrug-resistant tuberculosis disease or latent infection after multidrug-resistant tuberculosis exposure, to inform future dosing strategies."( Pharmacokinetics and Dosing of Levofloxacin in Children Treated for Active or Latent Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis, Federated States of Micronesia and Republic of the Marshall Islands.
Bamrah Morris, S; Brostrom, R; Chorba, T; Daley, CL; Fred, D; Gonzalez, D; Jereb, JA; Loeffler, AM; Martin, F; Mase, SR; Menon, LR; Peloquin, CA, 2016)		0.94
" Clinical characteristics and maximal drug concentration (Cmax) of levofloxacin, elimination half-life and area under the curve from 0 to 24 hours (AUC0-24 hours × μg/mL) were correlated to determine the optimal dosage and to examine associations."( Pharmacokinetics and Dosing of Levofloxacin in Children Treated for Active or Latent Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis, Federated States of Micronesia and Republic of the Marshall Islands.
Bamrah Morris, S; Brostrom, R; Chorba, T; Daley, CL; Fred, D; Gonzalez, D; Jereb, JA; Loeffler, AM; Martin, F; Mase, SR; Menon, LR; Peloquin, CA, 2016)		0.96
" At levofloxacin dosage of 15-20 mg/kg, Cmax ≥8 µg/mL was observed, and modeling corroborated a high target attainment across the ratio of the area under the free concentration versus time curve to minimum inhibitory concentration (fAUCss,0-24/MIC) values."( Pharmacokinetics and Dosing of Levofloxacin in Children Treated for Active or Latent Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis, Federated States of Micronesia and Republic of the Marshall Islands.
Bamrah Morris, S; Brostrom, R; Chorba, T; Daley, CL; Fred, D; Gonzalez, D; Jereb, JA; Loeffler, AM; Martin, F; Mase, SR; Menon, LR; Peloquin, CA, 2016)		1.28
"Levofloxacin dosage should be 15-20 mg/kg for Cmax ≥8 µg/mL and a high target attainment across fAUCss,0-24/MIC values in children ≥2 years of age."( Pharmacokinetics and Dosing of Levofloxacin in Children Treated for Active or Latent Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis, Federated States of Micronesia and Republic of the Marshall Islands.
Bamrah Morris, S; Brostrom, R; Chorba, T; Daley, CL; Fred, D; Gonzalez, D; Jereb, JA; Loeffler, AM; Martin, F; Mase, SR; Menon, LR; Peloquin, CA, 2016)		2.16
"Levofloxacin is commonly used in critically ill patients for which existing data suggest nonstandard dosing regimens should be used."( Does Critical Illness Change Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetics?
Cojutti, P; Cotta, MO; Della Rocca, G; Lugano, M; Pea, F; Roberts, JA, 2015)		2.15
" Despite this variation in absorption rate constant, simulations of a once daily dosing regimen showed that tmax , Cmax and the area under the curve at steady-state were not affected by the time of drug administration."( Identifying 24 h variation in the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin: a population pharmacokinetic approach.
Birkhoff, W; Burggraaf, J; de Boer, T; Dröge, M; Kamerling, IM; Kervezee, L; Meijer, JH; Stevens, J, 2016)		0.68
" Levofloxacin, however, can be dosed without taking into account the time of day, at least in terms of its pharmacokinetics."( Identifying 24 h variation in the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin: a population pharmacokinetic approach.
Birkhoff, W; Burggraaf, J; de Boer, T; Dröge, M; Kamerling, IM; Kervezee, L; Meijer, JH; Stevens, J, 2016)		1.59
" To investigate the current dosing recommendations and create a pharmacodynamically guided regimen, a Monte Carlo simulation was performed."( Pharmacodynamically Guided Levofloxacin Dosing for Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Courter, JD; Girotto, JE; Kazazian, C; Nichols, KR, 2017)		0.75
" Three different dosing regimens, including community-acquired pneumonia guideline dosing, inhalational anthrax dosing, and a pharmacodynamically guided regimen, were assessed."( Pharmacodynamically Guided Levofloxacin Dosing for Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Courter, JD; Girotto, JE; Kazazian, C; Nichols, KR, 2017)		0.75
" Anthrax dosing was suboptimal in patients aged <5 years and in those aged >15 years."( Pharmacodynamically Guided Levofloxacin Dosing for Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Courter, JD; Girotto, JE; Kazazian, C; Nichols, KR, 2017)		0.75
"Current dosing recommendations were found to be suboptimal for specific age groups."( Pharmacodynamically Guided Levofloxacin Dosing for Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Courter, JD; Girotto, JE; Kazazian, C; Nichols, KR, 2017)		0.75
"The nanoaerosol-delivered dosage of liposome-encapsulated levofloxacin required to rescue mice is approximately 94× lower than the oral required dose and approximately 8× lower than the intraperitoneal dose required for rescue."( Nanoaerosols reduce required effective dose of liposomal levofloxacin against pulmonary murine Francisella tularensis subsp. novicida infection.
Gutting, BW; Kanev, IL; Morozov, VN; Nwabueze, AO; Pepin, RE; Propst, CN; van Hoek, ML, 2016)		0.92
" This study aimed to assess the benefit-risk ratio of levofloxacin administered orally at a standard dosage of 500 mg once daily (OD) in a cohort of patients with BJIs."( Levofloxacin at the usual dosage to treat bone and joint infections: a cohort analysis.
Asseray, N; Bemer, P; Bourigault, C; Boutoille, D; Corvec, S; Happi, L; Navas, D; Touchais, S, 2016)		2.13
" In adult MDR-TB patients, standard dosing of once-daily 1000 mg levofloxacin in TB treatment did not consistently attain the target concentration (i."( Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic-based optimization of levofloxacin administration in the treatment of MDR-TB.
Akkerman, OW; Alffenaar, JW; de Lange, WC; Ghimire, S; Kosterink, JG; Touw, DJ; van der Werf, TS; van Soolingen, D; Van't Boveneind-Vrubleuskaya, N; Wilffert, B, 2016)		0.92
" Omadacycline offers once daily oral and IV dosing and a clinical tolerability and safety profile that compares favorably with contemporary antibiotics used across serious community-acquired infections where resistance has rendered many less effective."( Discovery, pharmacology, and clinical profile of omadacycline, a novel aminomethylcycline antibiotic.
Steenbergen, J; Tanaka, SK; Villano, S, 2016)		0.43
" To explore the effect of dosing time on drug-induced QTc prolongation, a randomized, crossover, clinical trial was conducted in which 12 healthy male subjects received levofloxacin at 02:00, 06:00, 10:00, 14:00, 18:00, and 22:00."( Levofloxacin-Induced QTc Prolongation Depends on the Time of Drug Administration.
Birkhoff, W; Burggraaf, J; Danhof, M; Gotta, V; Kamerling, I; Kervezee, L; Meijer, JH; Stevens, J, 2016)		2.07
" However, there is always concern about the safety of the dosage form by inhalation as it may induce inflammation."( Evaluation of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Adverse Events in Healthy Volunteers upon Inhalation of Antituberculosis Drugs.
Juthong, S; Laohapojanart, N; Padmavathi, AR; Pungrassami, P; Ratanajamit, C; Srichana, T; Suwandecha, T, 2016)		0.43
"Pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness analysis of two different dosage regimens of levofloxacin in the treatment of acute lower respiratory tract infection in elderly patients."( Cost-effectiveness analysis of oral versus intravenous drip infusion of levofloxacin in the treatment of acute lower respiratory tract infection in Chinese elderly patients.
Hu, P; Zhang, L, 2017)		0.91
"Appropriate antibiotic dosing is critical to improve outcomes in critically ill patients with sepsis."( Antibiotic Dosing in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy.
Mueller, BA; Shaw, AR, 2017)		0.46
" The study aims to determine the area under the curve (AUC) of the levofloxacin serum concentration in the 24 hours after dosing divided by the minimal inhibitory concentration of the patient's Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate that inhibits > 90% of organisms (AUC/MIC) that maximizes efficacy and the AUC that maximizes safety and tolerability in the context of an MDR-TB treatment regimen."( An optimized background regimen design to evaluate the contribution of levofloxacin to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment regimens: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Bouton, TC; Butler, D; Diacon, AH; Dianis, N; Eisenach, K; Gandhi, NR; Gotuzzo, E; Horsburgh, CR; Hunt, KR; Lecca, L; Martel, B; Mitnick, CD; Moreno-Martinez, A; Patientia, RF; Peloquin, CA; Phillips, PPJ; Santillan, J; Seas, C; Vargas, D; von Groote-Bidlingmaier, F, 2017)		0.92
" Little is known about how to optimize dosing for efficacy while maintaining acceptable toxicity."( An optimized background regimen design to evaluate the contribution of levofloxacin to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment regimens: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Bouton, TC; Butler, D; Diacon, AH; Dianis, N; Eisenach, K; Gandhi, NR; Gotuzzo, E; Horsburgh, CR; Hunt, KR; Lecca, L; Martel, B; Mitnick, CD; Moreno-Martinez, A; Patientia, RF; Peloquin, CA; Phillips, PPJ; Santillan, J; Seas, C; Vargas, D; von Groote-Bidlingmaier, F, 2017)		0.69
" After physicochemical characterization of this nanoantibiotic, the release kinetics of LEVO and the antimicrobial efficacy of each released dosage were evaluated."( Mesoporous silica nanoparticles decorated with polycationic dendrimers for infection treatment.
Colilla, M; Díez, J; González, B; Guembe, M; Izquierdo-Barba, I; Pedraza, D; Vallet-Regí, M, 2018)		0.48
" The aim of our study was to establish the kinetics of dissolution rate process of ofloxacin optical isomers (S-(-) and R-(+)-ofloxacin) from solid oral dosage forms using flow-through cell method (USP 4 method)."( STUDY OF OFLOXACIN ENANTIOMERS DISSOLUTION FROM SELECTED SOLID DOSAGE FORMS USING HIGH PERFORMANCE CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS METHOD.
Kokot, ZJ; Lulek, J; Milanowski, B; Urbaniak, B, 2017)		0.46
"To evaluate the population PK and determine the efficacy of various dosage regimens in achieving the probability of target attainment (PTA) and the cumulative fraction of response (CFR) of oral levofloxacin when prescribed as the switching therapy after intravenous levofloxacin treatment."( Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Modeling of Oral Levofloxacin.
Jaruratanasirikul, S; Jaspattananon, A; Nawakitrangsan, M; Samaeng, M; Thengyai, S; Wongpoowarak, W, 2018)		0.91
" The dosage regimens were predicted to achieve CFR greater than or equal to 90% by referral to the MIC distributions database of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing."( Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Modeling of Oral Levofloxacin.
Jaruratanasirikul, S; Jaspattananon, A; Nawakitrangsan, M; Samaeng, M; Thengyai, S; Wongpoowarak, W, 2018)		0.72
" However, based on their pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD), these drugs are also promising for TB meningitis and might perhaps have the potential to shorten pulmonary TB treatment if dosing could be optimized."( The Role of Fluoroquinolones in the Treatment of Tuberculosis in 2019.
Alffenaar, JWC; Kosterink, JGW; Pranger, AD; van der Werf, TS, 2019)		0.51
"7%) of 15 children dosed consistently with World Health Organization recommendations and 4 (80."( Pharmacokinetics of Levofloxacin in Children Treated for Exposure to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis.
Amanullah, F; Becerra, MC; Brooks, MB; Fuad, J; Hussain, H; Jaswal, M; Malik, AA; Peloquin, CA; Siddiqui, S; Yuen, CM, 2019)		0.84
" aeruginosa membrane in a dose-response manner, as demonstrated by flow cytometry."( Tailored Nanocarriers for the Pulmonary Delivery of Levofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Comparative Study.
Aoun, V; Chain, JL; Del'Orto, JC; Derbali, RM; Frei, G; Hildgen, P; Moussa, G; Roullin, VG; Tehrani, SF, 2019)		0.76
" To overcome the confounding factors in the dosage choice of empiric administration, patients receiving empiric intravenous HD (750 mg/d) therapy were matched with those receiving the conventional dose (CD; 500 mg/d) by using individual propensity scores, calculated by the independent predictors of 30-day crude mortality."( Clinical Benefit of Empiric High-Dose Levofloxacin Therapy for Adults With Community-onset Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia.
Hong, MY; Hsieh, CC; Ko, WC; Lee, CC; Lee, CH; Tang, HJ; Yang, CY, 2019)		0.78
" Based on the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society, she was started on weight-based dosing of clarithromycin, levofloxacin, ethambutol, isoniazid and injection amikacin daily."( Pulmonary
Gopalan, N; Hanna, LE; Joseph, B; Kannayan, S; Padmapriyadarsini, C; Perumal, BK; Saranathan, R; Sivaramakrishnan, GN, )		0.34
" Levofloxacin, with an alteration in the dosage regimen, can be used effectively with tolfenamic acid and flunixin meglumine for the therapy of infections and inflammatory conditions in sheep."( Influences of tolfenamic acid and flunixin meglumine on the disposition kinetics of levofloxacin in sheep.
Cetin, G; Corum, O; Durna Corum, D; Eser Faki, H; Ider, M; Uney, K; Yildiz, R, 2020)		1.69
" Tracking drug release by real-time electrochemical detection using the same platform is a simple way to guide the dosage of the drug, improve the desired therapeutic effect, and reduce the adverse side effects."( Semi-Interpenetrated Hydrogels-Microfibers Electroactive Assemblies for Release and Real-Time Monitoring of Drugs.
Alemán, C; Del Valle, LJ; Enshaei, H; Estrany, F; Moghimiardekani, A; Molina, BG; Pérez-Madrigal, MM, 2020)		0.56
" The compliance degree of prescriptions with Regional Recommendations was tested for drug(s), dosage and duration of treatment in both groups for Community-Acquired and Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia and a comparison with International guidelines was performed."( Assessment of the impact of clinical recommendations on antibiotic use for CAP and HCAP: results from an implementation program in an Academic Hospital.
Arnoldo, L; Bassetti, M; Brunelli, L; Brusaferro, S; Castriotta, L; Cattani, G; Celotto, D; Grillone, L; Madia, A; Pea, F; Valent, F, )		0.13
"2%), but not for Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia; no significant variation in compliance was registered for dosage and duration of treatment."( Assessment of the impact of clinical recommendations on antibiotic use for CAP and HCAP: results from an implementation program in an Academic Hospital.
Arnoldo, L; Bassetti, M; Brunelli, L; Brusaferro, S; Castriotta, L; Cattani, G; Celotto, D; Grillone, L; Madia, A; Pea, F; Valent, F, )		0.13
"Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for personalized dosing of fluoroquinolones has been recommended to optimize efficacy and reduce acquired drug resistance in the treatment of MDR TB."( A mobile microvolume UV/visible light spectrophotometer for the measurement of levofloxacin in saliva.
Alffenaar, JC; Heysell, SK; Jongedijk, EM; Mpagama, S; Sariko, M; Touw, DJ; van Winkel, CAJ, 2021)		0.85
" However, further in vivo studies are required to design a suitable dosage regimen and establish the fate of nanoparticles for safe and efficacious delivery of the drug."( Development and Optimization of Inhalable Levofloxacin Nanoparticles for The Treatment of Tuberculosis.
Chavda, J; Ghetiya, R; Shah, S; Soniwala, M, 2021)		0.89
" As antimicrobial stewardship teams strive for increased intravenous-to-oral de-escalation, it is important that optimum dosing administration is followed to optimise patient outcomes."( Burden of enteral supplement interactions with common antimicrobial agents: a single-centre observational analysis.
Heard, K; Hughes, S; Moore, LSP; Mughal, N, 2022)		0.72
" Use for triage to other investigation or personalized dosing strategy should be tested in a randomized study."( Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in saliva as measured by a mobile microvolume UV spectrophotometer among people treated for rifampicin-resistant TB in Tanzania.
Alffenaar, JC; Heysell, SK; Jongedijk, EM; Mbelele, P; Mohamed, S; Mpagama, S; Mvungi, HC; Rao, P; Sariko, M; Stroup, S; Touw, DJ; van Winkel, CAJ, 2021)		2.06
"Bacterial regrowth was observed under exposure to clinically relevant dosing regimens in the dynamic in vitro infection model."( Quantification of persister formation of Escherichia coli leveraging electronic cell counting and semi-mechanistic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling.
Kloft, C; Michelet, R; Seeger, J, 2021)		0.62
" The mimicked dosing regimens did not eradicate the resistant isolates and enhanced persister formation to a strain-specific extent."( Quantification of persister formation of Escherichia coli leveraging electronic cell counting and semi-mechanistic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling.
Kloft, C; Michelet, R; Seeger, J, 2021)		0.62
"The method was successfully used for the determination of levofloxacin impurity in raw material and pharmaceutical dosage forms."( Optimization of a Ligand Exchange Chromatography Method for the Enantioselective Separation of Levofloxacin and Its Chiral Impurity.
Abousalih, FZ; Azougagh, M; Benchekroun, YH; Bouatia, M; Bouchafra, H; Echerfaoui, F; Karbane, ME; Karrouchi, K, 2021)		1.08
" Therefore, our apoptotic findings suggest that the different dosage combinations are necessary to understand the interaction for the treatment of tongue squamous cell carcinoma."( Levofloxacin might be safe to use for OSCC patients.
Atas, MN; Aydemir, L; Cakmakoglu, B; Ergen, A; Ertugrul, B; Iplik, ES; Kasarci, G; Ulusan, M, 2021)		2.06
" Monte-Carlo simulations were used to evaluate the probability of target attainment (PTA) of different dosing regimens."( Development of a dosing-adjustment tool for fluoroquinolones in osteoarticular infections: The Fluo-pop study.
Arvieux, C; Bellissant, E; Comets, E; Fily, F; Foulquier, JB; Huten, D; Jullien, V; Laviolle, B; Lemaitre, F; Petitcollin, A; Polard, JL; Revest, M; Tattevin, P; Tron, C; Verdier, MC, 2021)		0.62
"This study aimed at characterizing the pharmacokinetics (PK) of oral levofloxacin in adult patients in order to optimize dosing scheme and explore the PK/pharmacodynamics (PD) of levofloxacin in bone and joint infections (BJIs)."( Oral levofloxacin: population pharmacokinetics model and pharmacodynamics study in bone and joint infections.
Anract, P; Benaboud, S; Bouazza, N; Canouï, E; Contejean, A; Enser, M; Eyrolle, L; Gauzit, R; Hirt, D; Kerneis, S; Leclerc, P; Morand, P; Treluyer, JM; Zheng, Y, 2022)		1.47
"From November 2015 to December 2019, all patients hospitalized in Cochin Hospital, treated with levofloxacin and who had at least one dosage for therapeutic drug monitoring were included."( Oral levofloxacin: population pharmacokinetics model and pharmacodynamics study in bone and joint infections.
Anract, P; Benaboud, S; Bouazza, N; Canouï, E; Contejean, A; Enser, M; Eyrolle, L; Gauzit, R; Hirt, D; Kerneis, S; Leclerc, P; Morand, P; Treluyer, JM; Zheng, Y, 2022)		1.45
" Based on our model, we proposed optimized oral levofloxacin dosing regimens according to renal function, to reach the PK/PD target AUC/MIC ratio >100 for three frequent causative pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)."( Oral levofloxacin: population pharmacokinetics model and pharmacodynamics study in bone and joint infections.
Anract, P; Benaboud, S; Bouazza, N; Canouï, E; Contejean, A; Enser, M; Eyrolle, L; Gauzit, R; Hirt, D; Kerneis, S; Leclerc, P; Morand, P; Treluyer, JM; Zheng, Y, 2022)		1.49
"Although levofloxacin has been used for the last 25 years, there are limited pharmacokinetic data to guide levofloxacin dosing in adult patients."( Population pharmacokinetics and dose optimization of intravenous levofloxacin in hospitalized adult patients.
Abdul-Aziz, MH; Cahjono, H; Cotta, MO; Marpaung, FR; Roberts, JA; Sari, IY; Setiawan, E; Susaniwati, S; Wibowo, T, 2022)		1.38
"To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of the 2020 World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended pediatric dosage of levofloxacin and the higher-than-WHO dosage."( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of WHO-Recommended Dosage and Higher Dosage of Levofloxacin for Tuberculosis Treatment in Children: a Pilot Study.
Chariyavilaskul, P; Jantarabenjakul, W; Moonwong, J; Phaisal, W; Puthanakit, T; Sudjaritruk, T; Suntarattiwong, P; Supradish Na Ayudhya, P; Tawan, M; Wacharachaisurapol, N, 2022)		1.16
" First, five children were enrolled to receive the WHO-recommended dosage (15-20 mg/kg/day), then an additional five children received a dosage higher than the WHO-recommended dosage (20-30 mg/kg/day)."( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of WHO-Recommended Dosage and Higher Dosage of Levofloxacin for Tuberculosis Treatment in Children: a Pilot Study.
Chariyavilaskul, P; Jantarabenjakul, W; Moonwong, J; Phaisal, W; Puthanakit, T; Sudjaritruk, T; Suntarattiwong, P; Supradish Na Ayudhya, P; Tawan, M; Wacharachaisurapol, N, 2022)		0.95
"3) years in the WHO dosage and higher-than-WHO dosage groups, respectively."( Pharmacokinetics and Safety of WHO-Recommended Dosage and Higher Dosage of Levofloxacin for Tuberculosis Treatment in Children: a Pilot Study.
Chariyavilaskul, P; Jantarabenjakul, W; Moonwong, J; Phaisal, W; Puthanakit, T; Sudjaritruk, T; Suntarattiwong, P; Supradish Na Ayudhya, P; Tawan, M; Wacharachaisurapol, N, 2022)		0.95
" Given the low plasma concentrations of azithromycin achieved in the study, it is not surprising that half the animals succumbed to anthrax during the dosing period; the animals that survived beyond the time during which placebo control animals succumbed survived to the end of the observation period."( Determination of the Postexposure Prophylactic Benefit of Oral Azithromycin and Clarithromycin Against Inhalation Anthrax in Cynomolgus Macaques.
Crumrine, M; Hewitt, JA; Slay, RM, 2022)		0.72
" The inhibitory effect of combination phage ST-3 and antibiotics was also studied, the removal rate of planktonic host exposed to ST-3 and levofloxacin hydrochloride at the same time, or to ciprofloxacin followed by ST-3, is higher than that exposed to antibiotic dosing group alone and antibiotic + phage dosing group."( The Combination of Salmonella Phage ST-3 and Antibiotics to Prevent Salmonella Typhimurium In Vitro.
Liu, B; Liu, X; Lu, M; Xiong, W, 2022)		0.92
" Thus, it is necessary to decide the antibiotic dosage considering the CRRT clearance in addition to residual renal function."( UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of doripenem, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, pazufloxacin, linezolid, and tedizolid in filtrate during continuous renal replacement therapy.
Goto, K; Itoh, H; Kai, M; Kitano, T; Ohchi, Y; Suzuki, Y; Tanaka, R; Tatsuta, R; Yasuda, N, 2023)		1.13
" aeruginosa to develop tolerance which may result in therapeutic failures if inappropriate dosing regimens are used to treat keratitis."( Ciprofloxacin resistance and tolerance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ocular isolates.
Khan, M; Ma, K; Wan, I; Willcox, MD, 2023)		0.91
" Treatment success is affected by treatment choice, correct dosing of medications, and adherence."( Antibiotic resistance, heteroresistance, and eradication success of Helicobacter pylori infection in children.
Bontems, P; Iliadis, E; Kotilea, K; Mahler, T; Miendje Deyi, VY; Nguyen, J; Salame, A, 2023)		0.91
" Recent data showed higher exposures with 100 mg dispersible compared with non-dispersible tablet formulations with potentially important dosing implications in children."( Pharmacokinetics and optimized dosing of dispersible and non-dispersible levofloxacin formulations in young children.
Denti, P; Draper, HR; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; Palmer, M; Schaaf, HS; van der Laan, LE; Wiesner, L, 2023)		1.14
"Dosing simulations showed that current recommended dosing for both formulations result in median exposures below adult-equivalent exposures at a 750 mg daily dose, mainly in children >6 months."( Pharmacokinetics and optimized dosing of dispersible and non-dispersible levofloxacin formulations in young children.
Denti, P; Draper, HR; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; Palmer, M; Schaaf, HS; van der Laan, LE; Wiesner, L, 2023)		1.14
" We propose optimized age- and weight-based dosing for levofloxacin, which require further evaluation."( Pharmacokinetics and optimized dosing of dispersible and non-dispersible levofloxacin formulations in young children.
Denti, P; Draper, HR; Garcia-Prats, AJ; Hesseling, AC; Palmer, M; Schaaf, HS; van der Laan, LE; Wiesner, L, 2023)		1.39
" Tailored therapy and 4-times-daily dosing of amoxicillin after treatment failure were likely to be successful."( Management of Helicobacter pylori treatment failures: A large population-based study (HP treatment failures trial).
Aumpan, N; Graham, D; Issariyakulkarn, N; Mahachai, V; Vilaichone, RK; Yamaoka, Y, 2023)		0.91
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Roles (4)

RoleDescription
DNA synthesis inhibitorAny substance that inhibits the synthesis of DNA.
antibacterial drugA drug used to treat or prevent bacterial infections.
topoisomerase IV inhibitorA topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits DNA topoisomerase IV, which catalyses ATP-dependent breakage of both strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strands through the breaks, and rejoining of the broken strands.
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitorA topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing), EC 5.99.1.3 (also known as topoisomerase II and as DNA gyrase), which catalyses ATP-dependent breakage of both strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strands through the breaks, and rejoining of the broken strands.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (3)

ClassDescription
quinolone antibioticAn organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic whose structure contains a quinolone or quinolone-related skeleton.
fluoroquinolone antibioticAn organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic containing a quinolone (or quinolone-like) moiety and which have a fluorine atom attached to the central ring system.
9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acidAn oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (39)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3AHomo sapiens (human)Potency89.12510.631035.7641100.0000AID504339
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate OxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.22020.177814.390939.8107AID2147
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency56.23410.100020.879379.4328AID588456
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.15470.000811.382244.6684AID686978; AID686979
EWS/FLI fusion proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.08970.001310.157742.8575AID1259253; AID1259256
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency8.91250.035520.977089.1251AID504332
DNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency56.23410.022421.010289.1251AID485314
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.25890.004611.374133.4983AID624297
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.78280.251215.843239.8107AID504327
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusPotency39.81070.009610.525035.4813AID1479145
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Replicase polyprotein 1abBetacoronavirus England 1IC50 (µMol)7.60000.00403.43889.5100AID1640022
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)133.00000.63154.45319.3000AID1473740
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)133.00000.20005.677410.0000AID1473741
Bile salt export pumpRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)1,000.00000.40002.75008.6000AID1209456
Bile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)711.00000.11007.190310.0000AID1209455; AID1449628; AID1473738
Tubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.968010.0000AID1915565
Tubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00052.052910.0000AID1915565
Tubulin alpha-3C chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.955510.0000AID1915565
Tubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.955510.0000AID1915565
Tubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.955510.0000AID1915565
Tubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.968010.0000AID1915565
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)1,600.00000.00051.33138.0000AID755687; AID755690
DNA gyrase subunit AMycobacterium tuberculosis H37RvIC50 (µMol)217.33330.01503.477310.0000AID532977; AID532978; AID532979
DNA primaseMycobacterium tuberculosis CDC1551IC50 (µMol)75.00007.10007.65008.2000AID1800407
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)2,145.10330.00091.901410.0000AID161281; AID243151; AID408340; AID755684; AID755685; AID755686; AID755687; AID755688; AID755689; AID755690
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki150.00000.00211.840710.0000AID290345
Tubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.894510.0000AID1915565
Tubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.968010.0000AID1915565
Tubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.968010.0000AID1915565
Tubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.955510.0000AID1915565
Tubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.955510.0000AID1915565
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)133.00002.41006.343310.0000AID1473739
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)17.90000.01002.765610.0000AID721754
Tubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.955510.0000AID1915565
Tubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.968010.0000AID1915565
Tubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.968010.0000AID1915565
Tubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)11.27000.00051.987010.0000AID1915565
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
streptokinase A precursorStreptococcus pyogenes M1 GASEC50 (µMol)1.54600.06008.9128130.5170AID1902
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
CAAX prenyl protease 2 isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)AC5041.00002.080018.126987.2100AID588849
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)Km4,300.00000.01403.717210.0000AID679239; AID680130
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (133)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
xenobiotic metabolic processATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronoside transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transportATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin secretionMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
cilium assemblyMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
platelet degranulationMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
urate transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transportMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic processBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
bile acid biosynthetic processBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transportBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
response to oxidative stressBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
bile acid metabolic processBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
response to organic cyclic compoundBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transportBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transportBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
protein ubiquitinationBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidationBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transportBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
bile acid signaling pathwayBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
cholesterol homeostasisBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
response to estrogenBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
response to ethanolBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic export from cellBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
lipid homeostasisBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipid homeostasisBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bile acid secretionBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of bile acid metabolic processBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of microtubule polymerizationTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
odontoblast differentiationTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule-based processTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transportTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicityTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of synapse organizationTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
spindle assemblyTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
cell divisionTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycleATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid translocationATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
terpenoid transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of response to osmotic stressATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferationATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ceramide translocationATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of anion channel activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
carboxylic acid transmembrane transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrierATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of chloride transportATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin alpha-3C chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin alpha-3C chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule-based processTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transportTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cell divisionTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interleukin-4Tubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicityTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conductionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by hormonePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion homeostasisPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle contractionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization during action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conductionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion export across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of potassium ion export across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion import across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
axon guidanceTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
netrin-activated signaling pathwayTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
dorsal root ganglion developmentTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
cerebral cortex developmentTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
oocyte maturationTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
spindle assembly involved in female meiosisTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
biological_processTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
neuron migrationTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
startle responseTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular protein transportTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule-based processTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
centrosome cycleTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
smoothened signaling pathwayTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
memoryTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
adult locomotory behaviorTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
visual learningTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
response to mechanical stimulusTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
glial cell differentiationTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
gene expressionTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
dentate gyrus developmentTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cerebellar cortex morphogenesisTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
pyramidal neuron differentiationTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cerebral cortex developmentTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transportTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
response to tumor necrosis factorTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
locomotory exploration behaviorTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule polymerizationTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
forebrain morphogenesisTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
homeostasis of number of cells within a tissueTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of synapse organizationTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
synapse organizationTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cell divisionTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
motor behaviorTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to calcium ionTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
organelle transport along microtubuleTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
neuron projection arborizationTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
response to L-glutamateTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
bilirubin transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
heme catabolic processCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic export from cellCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
leukotriene transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic anion transmembrane transportCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrierCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transportMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transportMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transportMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transportMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transportMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
amino acid import across plasma membraneMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
L-arginine import across plasma membraneMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
L-alpha-amino acid transmembrane transportMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
proton transmembrane transportMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
L-arginine transmembrane transportMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membraneMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule-based processTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transportTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
cell divisionTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
neuron migrationTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule-based processTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cerebral cortex developmentTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of axon guidanceTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
embryonic brain developmentTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
platelet formationTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
thyroid gland developmentTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule polymerizationTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
spindle assemblyTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
thyroid hormone transportTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
platelet aggregationTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic cell cycleTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeleton organizationTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (66)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
ATP bindingATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
glucuronoside transmembrane transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
icosanoid transmembrane transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activityATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
urate transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
purine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
glutathione transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activityMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
bile acid transmembrane transporter activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
canalicular bile acid transmembrane transporter activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
carbohydrate transmembrane transporter activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
ABC-type bile acid transporter activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activityTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion bindingTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activityTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural molecule activityTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein domain specific bindingTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activating protein bindingTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
MHC class I protein bindingTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex bindingTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylcholine floppase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylethanolamine flippase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
ceramide floppase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
floppase activityATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activityTubulin alpha-3C chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin alpha-3C chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-3C chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin alpha-3C chainHomo sapiens (human)
double-stranded RNA bindingTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activityTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural molecule activityTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activityTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
double-stranded RNA bindingTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activityTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
MHC class I protein bindingTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
unfolded protein bindingTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
inward rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
delayed rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
C3HC4-type RING finger domain bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
scaffold protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
GTPase activityTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
peptide bindingTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
netrin receptor bindingTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activityTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
molecular_functionTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activityTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
molecular_functionTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activityTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural molecule activityTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activityTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex bindingTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
bilirubin transmembrane transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type glutathione S-conjugate transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type transporter activityCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
antiporter activityMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
L-arginine transmembrane transporter activityMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
polyspecific organic cation:proton antiporter activityMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
structural molecule activityTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activityTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
molecular_functionTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activityTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activityTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTPase activityTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
structural constituent of cytoskeletonTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
GTP bindingTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (54)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
plasma membraneATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membraneATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
membraneATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatusMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
platelet dense granule membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMultidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
endosomeBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculusBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular canaliculusBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
recycling endosomeBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
membraneBile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
axonemeTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
internode region of axonTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodyTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
myelin sheathTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular bridgeTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin beta-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelope lumenTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoskeletonTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
azurophil granule lumenTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granuleTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
cell bodyTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
membrane raftTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular bridgeTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusTubulin alpha-3C chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-3C chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin alpha-3C chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin alpha-3C chainHomo sapiens (human)
virion membraneSpike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic microtubuleTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin alpha-1B chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin alpha-4A chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoskeletonTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
axonemal microtubuleTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
azurophil granule lumenTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular bridgeTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular vesicleTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin beta-4B chainHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfacePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel complexPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
inward rectifier potassium channel complexPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
lamellipodiumTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
filopodiumTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
axonTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
dendriteTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
growth coneTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodyTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular bridgeTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
cell peripheryTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin beta-3 chainHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular bridgeTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular vesicleTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-2A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular bridgeTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
meiotic spindleTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin beta-8 chainHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin alpha-3E chainHomo sapiens (human)
condensed chromosomeTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
axonemal microtubuleTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
neuromuscular junctionTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granuleTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
recycling endosomeTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin alpha-1A chainHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfaceCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
intercellular canaliculusCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneCanalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membraneMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
membraneMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic microtubuleTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
vesicleTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
membrane raftTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin alpha-1C chainHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular bridgeTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-6 chainHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular bridgeTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapseTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin beta-2B chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubule cytoskeletonTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
intercellular bridgeTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
mitotic spindleTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
microtubuleTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTubulin beta-1 chainHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (5581)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1159607Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction2016Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
AID1164012Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-8 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID574956Antimicrobial activity against multiple drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6B by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID1311239Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 14-12016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID571116Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID96075Antimicrobial activity against the klebsiella pneumoniae 8045 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID577234Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-intermediate Acinetobacter baumannii AB099 with PFGE subgroup H containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID706522Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus infected in mouse thigh infection model assessed as compound dose causing microbial infection stasis administered as single dose2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 55, Issue:22
Discovery of selective and potent inhibitors of gram-positive bacterial thymidylate kinase (TMK).
AID553693Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus in three-stage chemostat gut model assessed as log reduction in bacterial count at 63 mg/liter administered daily for 7 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Effects of exposure of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 027 and 001 to fluoroquinolones in a human gut model.
AID125093Minimum inhibitory concentration against Moraxella catarrhalis MC22003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID1627515Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv INH-R2 ATCC 35822 after 5 days2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-14, Volume: 7, Issue:7
Dehydrozingerone Inspired Styryl Hydrazine Thiazole Hybrids as Promising Class of Antimycobacterial Agents.
AID285722Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID582511Ratio of AUC in Wistar rat tissue cage fluid to MIC for Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 at 50 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID1395501Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 15 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID522684Antibacterial activity against gyrA01, parC03 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA S79P mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID557177Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1135121 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID557796Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis 06-489 isolated from infected human urinary tract by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis.
AID497762Efflux ratio of apparent permeability across basolateral to apical side over apical to basolateral side in human Calu3 cells in presence of 3 uM PSC-833 P-gp inhibitor2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Relative contributions of active mediated transport and passive diffusion of fluoroquinolones with various lipophilicities in a Calu-3 lung epithelial cell model.
AID560078Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 956 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID613797Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID285782Antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID422650Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3665 after 38 passages with moxifloxacin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID1520447Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae after 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI-protocol based broth microdilution method
AID573374Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID372349Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1/CAZ mutant by CLSI broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID369444Antibacterial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro activity of telavancin against gram-positive clinical isolates recently obtained in Europe.
AID520392Antibacterial activity against mef and erm(B) positive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Polyclonal population structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Spain carrying mef and mef plus erm(B).
AID1905248Invivo antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 infected in BALB/c mouse model assessed as reduction of bacterial load in spleen at 100 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured after 24 hrs by colony counting based analysis2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-14, Volume: 65, Issue:7
Spermine-Conjugated Short Proline-Rich Lipopeptides as Broad-Spectrum Intracellular Targeting Antibacterial Agents.
AID279133Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1004 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID279869Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 31.3 uM prochlorperazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID597970Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes 5562011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID285750Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID539711Anticancer activity against human U373MG after 5 days by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24
Novel lipophilic 7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as potential antitumor agents: improved synthesis and in vitro evaluation.
AID1411655Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 after 24 hrs2017MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 8, Issue:11
The synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-phenylaminomethylene-cyclohexane-1,3-diones as specific anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID1445906Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 9144 after 20 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Triaryl Benzimidazoles as a New Class of Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms.
AID278671Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 57362007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm.
AID561249Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae by CLSI M100-S17 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
AFN-1252, a FabI inhibitor, demonstrates a Staphylococcus-specific spectrum of activity.
AID559540Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID559533Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID271608Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes C203 SP1-12006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID755686Binding affinity to human ERG F656A tandem dimeric mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of tail current measured upon repolarization to -120 mV by patch clamp method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13
The synergic modeling for the binding of fluoroquinolone antibiotics to the hERG potassium channel.
AID1436843Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens 41002 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID544927Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter haemolyticus clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1685386Potentiation of conjugate 11-induced antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 assessed as conjugate 11 MIC measured after 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 64 to 128 ug/ml)2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID209229In vitro antibacterial activity measured as minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated on Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 10541 (Sf).1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID511387Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin susceptible Escherichia coli by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID1915532Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209Comprehensive review for anticancer hybridized multitargeting HDAC inhibitors.
AID539814Anticancer activity against human MCF7 after 3 to 5 days by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24
Novel lipophilic 7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as potential antitumor agents: improved synthesis and in vitro evaluation.
AID1653560Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium leprae assessed as microbial growth at 0.1875 ug/ml in presence of 0.025 ug/ml rifabutin measured at 4 weeks (Rvb = 147 +/- 19.1%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID546055Antimicrobial activity against Shigella spp. by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID372988Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium JATA51-01 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as liver bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID1653561Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium leprae assessed as microbial growth at 0.1875 ug/ml in presence of 0.05 ug/ml rifabutin measured at 4 weeks (Rvb = 147 +/- 19.1%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID406628Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate-5 with ParC Ser79Tyr, Lys137Asn and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID559422Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia hermannii isolate C1 harboring qnrB19 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID285507Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID528975Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ICU patient wound assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID406623Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID495322Antimicrobial activity against Beta-lactamase-positive, ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Antimicrobial resistance in Haemophilus influenzae respiratory tract isolates in Korea: results of a nationwide acute respiratory infections surveillance.
AID1562754Antibacterial activity against vancomycin sensitive Enterococcus faecalis NCTC775 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID601791Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID597912Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 08-522011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1143633Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by micro dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID524716Antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID1695923Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ATCC 136362019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID559172Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2f harboring GyrB Arg447Lys and Asp426Asn mutant gene selected after 32 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID372559Antibacterial activity against genetically beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-susceptible Haemophilus influenzae type b without amino acid substitutions in ftsI gene and bla gene assessed as resistance rate by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Genetic characteristics and clonal dissemination of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from the upper respiratory tract of patients in Japan.
AID495321Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-sensitive Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Antimicrobial resistance in Haemophilus influenzae respiratory tract isolates in Korea: results of a nationwide acute respiratory infections surveillance.
AID518802Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium intracellular serovar 16 after 21 days by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activities of DC-159a, a novel fluoroquinolone, against Mycobacterium species.
AID511390Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID1695906Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 122282019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID546062Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase-negative Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID1527484Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli NCIM-2065 assessed as reduction in microbial growth after 24 hrs by CLSI based broth dilution method2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185Structure-activity relationships (SAR) of triazine derivatives: Promising antimicrobial agents.
AID285286Effect on 0.5 ug/ml sitafloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 334 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID570707Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID406601Ratio of peak drug level in albino guinea pig cage fluid at 5 mg/kg, ip to MIC for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 292132007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of a novel rifamycin derivative, ABI-0043, against Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental model of foreign-body infection.
AID528519Bactericidal activity against high level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 2048 ug/ml after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID1706858Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID406631Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate-8 with parE Ile460Val mutation by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID1445922Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus DNA gyrase assessed as reduction in pNO1 supercoiling at 0.5 ug/mL by fluorescent dye-based assay2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Triaryl Benzimidazoles as a New Class of Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms.
AID1243594Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Morganella morganii ATCC 25830 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID1520445Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis after 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI-protocol based broth microdilution method
AID285968Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae C3 isolate with GyrA Asp88Asn, ParC Ser84Ile, AcrR Leu31His and Arg34Glu mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID542505Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, N87, parC I80 and parE M464 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID1079932Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID342421Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis ATCC 49456 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp, Glu135Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID404937Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp. by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID573397Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron by by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID586639Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrS gene and pBK-QnrS1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID279287Antimicrobial activity agaisnt Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parC S79F and gyrA E85K mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID528496Antimicrobial activity against high level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus JCSC 6765 expressing gyrA Ser84Leu, norA T389C and grlA Ser80Phe/Glu84Lys mutants by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID544924Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1846921Antibacterial activity against KPC2-producing multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID543804Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 1 to 10 times MIC after 24 hrs by serial dilution2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID556740Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1821383 B-E isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID322988Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae with 23S rRNA A2064G mutant isolate 42007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Activity of Garenoxacin against Macrolide-Susceptible and -Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
AID524985Antibacterial activity against penicillin intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID575081Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6C assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID582506Ratio of Cmax in Wistar rat tissue cage fluid to MIC for Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID428291Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BM4652 expressing adeABC adeIJK double mutant isolated from patient with urinary tract infection by E test2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
AdeIJK, a resistance-nodulation-cell division pump effluxing multiple antibiotics in Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID559428Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate C1 harboring qnrB19 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID573786Antibacterial activity against Prevotella melaninogenica by by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID1395499Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-6 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID573592Antibacterial activity against Fusobacterium mortiferum by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID423104Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients assessed as susceptible isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID571766Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 3-AG300 harboring AcrB-615-628MexB-N616 mutant gene2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Site-directed mutagenesis reveals amino acid residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB that confer macrolide resistance.
AID1141102Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after 24 to 48 hrs by two-fold broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10
Exploring 5-nitrofuran derivatives against nosocomial pathogens: synthesis, antimicrobial activity and chemometric analysis.
AID498113Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA880 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1398634Toxicity in Slc:ddY mouse assessed as induction of convulsion at 15 ug/5 uL/mouse administered intracisternally 30 mins after 400 mg/kg, po BPAA dosing and measured over 30 mins post dose2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID580413Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as constipation at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID508372Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring erm(B) and mef(A) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID597968Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 512992011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID508378Antibacterial activity against macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring mef(A) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID528727Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae group B clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID629120Antiproliferative activity against human LoVo cells after 120 hrs by MTT asasy2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID573116Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID531563Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant, oxacillin-susceptible, coagulase-negative, mecA-positive Staphylococcus lugdunensis obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID575304Cmax in human at 500 mg, po by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID522685Antibacterial activity against gyrA01, parC allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with ParC N91D, P140S mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID523044Antimicrobial activity against Corynebacterium jeikeium by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID1217705Time dependent inhibition of CYP2B6 (unknown origin) at 100 uM by LC/MS system2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID501605Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID569534Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID437327Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 97100 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID285781Antibacterial activity against Prevotella sp.2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1398606Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID524696Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID279560Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae strains that are normal flora2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Diversity of ampicillin resistance genes and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in Korea.
AID529641Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli T-625 harboring expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene to MIC for Escherichia coli HB1012008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID530634Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CB808 harboring quinolone-resistant parC S80F mutant gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID565008Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus haemolyticus after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID532904Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 531 transformant by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID521831Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from meningitis patient assessed as percent resistant isolates by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Clonal spread of highly beta-lactam-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Taiwan.
AID544766Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E425 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID548745Antimicrobial activity against Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus assessed as percent susceptible isolate by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID1355065Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-BAA-1708 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID528731Antibacterial activity against penicillin intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID278256Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS9 with GyrA S83F, D87N, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID542519Antimicrobial activity against fluoroquinolone-sensitive Escherichia coli clinical isolate by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Relationships among ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and norfloxacin MICs for fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID246828Efficacy against mice infected with MRSA-32 upon s.c. administration2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID342071Effect on growth of nonepidemic Clostridium difficile J29 in sc dosed CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial overgrowth in cecal content administered 12 times the usual human dose for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID69952Antimicrobial activity against the Escherichia coli JUHL by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID285798Antibacterial activity against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae SP4333 infected twice daily orally dosed CD1 mouse2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID577227Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii AB018 with PFGE subgroup G containing carbapenemase OXA-58 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID560057Antimicrobial activity against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID541546Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1143645Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 130482014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID556232Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2215767-10 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID535651Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Escherichia coli FJ3T harboring wild-type GyrA, ParC, GyrB and qnrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID279881Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 3.9 uM promazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID565036Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus hominis assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID1477417Antibacterial activity against 6-((3-Fluorobenzyl)(methyl)amino)-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-pyrimidine-4-carboxamide-resisitant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv grown in GAST/Fe medium measured on day 14 post inoculation by broth microdilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Novel Antitubercular 6-Dialkylaminopyrimidine Carboxamides from Phenotypic Whole-Cell High Throughput Screening of a SoftFocus Library: Structure-Activity Relationship and Target Identification Studies.
AID544676Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID565005Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID372999Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N016 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as lung bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID576550Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli MG1655 after 24 hrs by modified broth macrodilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Impact of recA on levofloxacin exposure-related resistance development.
AID1355067Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 700699 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID285733Antibacterial activity against Corynebacterium jeikeium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID285756Antibacterial activity against Shigella flexneri2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID373024Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate PU4A1 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID535697Antimicrobial activity against Azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Detection of the pandemic O25-ST131 human virulent Escherichia coli CTX-M-15-producing clone harboring the qnrB2 and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in a dog.
AID556936Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis 1134841 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID559484Antibacterial activity against non-levofloxacin susceptible Stenotrophomonas maltophilia by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID286070Half life at 812.5 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID529499Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli GeneHogs by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID428777Ratio of mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-23958 to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-239582007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID456047Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus wild type DNA topoisomerase 42009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 17, Issue:19
Design, synthesis and biological evaluations of novel 7-[3-(1-aminocycloalkyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-6-desfluoro-8-methoxyquinolones with potent antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
AID575307Tmax in Rhesus monkey at 15 mg/kg followed by 4 mg/kg in 12 hrs dosing interval by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID543801Bactericidal activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae VT 1367 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 1 to 10 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID565076Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Pharmacodynamic profile of tigecycline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental pneumonia model.
AID573149Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID369448Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus viridans after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro activity of telavancin against gram-positive clinical isolates recently obtained in Europe.
AID518798Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium kansasii after 7 days by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activities of DC-159a, a novel fluoroquinolone, against Mycobacterium species.
AID593801Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus thuringiensis var.kurstaki BGSC 4D1 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID1436848Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi H901 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID573318Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ7 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA and qnrS1 by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID456042Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus after 18 hrs by twofold microbroth dilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 17, Issue:19
Design, synthesis and biological evaluations of novel 7-[3-(1-aminocycloalkyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-6-desfluoro-8-methoxyquinolones with potent antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
AID1780304Antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa LESB58 LpxA Ser150Ala mutant assessed as reduction in bacterial growth by broth microdilution assay
AID285742Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter freundii2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID545839Antimicrobial activity against ESBL-negative Enterobacter aerogenes by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID508373Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring mutation in L4 ribosomal protein after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID575100Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 22F assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID537932Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID565746Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1180562Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus by broth microdilution/CLSI method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 57, Issue:14
Optimization of pyrrolamide topoisomerase II inhibitors toward identification of an antibacterial clinical candidate (AZD5099).
AID544952Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli expressing beta-lactamase CTX and SHV by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID545844Antimicrobial activity against ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID373000Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N016 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as liver bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID586728Antibacterial activity against qnrB gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrB1 assessed as mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1591970Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51575 assessed as prevention of visible bacterial growth incubated for 18 hrs by broth dilution method2019Journal of natural products, 08-23, Volume: 82, Issue:8
Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Cervinomycins B
AID278673Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 57342007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm.
AID423233Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID405458Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli C600Rif containing pIP1206 plasmid by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID520959Antimicrobial activity against Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum isolates by CLSI M45-A protocol based microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Activity of Tigecycline against Coryneform Bacteria of Clinical Interest and Listeria monocytogenes.
AID559608Antimicrobial activity against qnrB-positive Escherichia coli clinical isolate assessed as resistant isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID523031Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-nonsusceptible Staphylococcus aureus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID422942Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-susceptible Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolated from pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia after 10 to 14 days by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Increased macrolide resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
AID535666Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae FJ67 harboring wild-type GyrA S83I and qnrS genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID342398Antimicrobial activity against atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae L11 with parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp, Glu135Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID558928Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422d selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID573370Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Serratia marcescens by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID207994Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus (MRCS; Methicillin resistant, ciprofloxacin sensitive) MI3002003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID531450Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 15A assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID278664Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 5952007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm.
AID498118Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA861 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID544962Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae expressing beta-lactamase SHV and CTX by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID544861Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1413 harboring parC Ser79Tyr mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID565810Antimicrobial activity against Neisseria meningitidis by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Determination of CEM-101 activity tested against clinical isolates of Neisseria meningitidis from a worldwide collection.
AID556952Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1134642 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID556229Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1780064 A-X isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID425340Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID404287Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 wild type DNA gyrase-mediated supercoiling activity2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID497945Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID541811Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus gallinarum clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID422672Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3009 after 19 passages with moxifloxacin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID519066Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by CLSI microdilution susceptibility testing method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Activity of the Diaminopyrimidine AR-709 against recently collected multidrug-resistant isolates of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae from North America.
AID588216FDA HLAED, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) increase2004Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4
Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1678768Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 using Cyrene as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID1398605Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 5-037042'98 harboring gyrase A Asp87Gly mutation after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID728920Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes G-36 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1846922Antibacterial activity agains wild type Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-1705 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID562376Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID518800Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium serovar 4 after 14 days by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activities of DC-159a, a novel fluoroquinolone, against Mycobacterium species.
AID561738Antibacterial activity against Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus group A assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID575313AUC (0 to infinity) in Rhesus monkey at 15 mg/kg by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID556955Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949821 B-M isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID562610Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID565732Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus Group G clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID573593Antibacterial activity against Fusobacterium necrophorum by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID278265Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS18 gyrA+ with GyrA S38F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID533852Antibacterial activity against nonpigmented rapidly growing Mycobacterium abscessus after 3 days by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activities of tigecycline and 10 other antimicrobials against nonpigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria.
AID575293AUC in common marmoset at 40 mg/kg, po BID measured on day 7 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID544954Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing isolate by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID1256566Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID444051Total clearance in human2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID528978Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID523039Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID537935Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 09-21 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID523032Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID285338Antimicrobial activity against streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli J53 transconjugant with qnrA1 producing urinary specimen isolate 13.52 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
First report of plasmid-mediated qnrA1 in a ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli strain in Latin America.
AID564822Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID323870Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae UAB1 expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID323873Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae N5 GyrA/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID1398619Half life in cynomolgus monkey serum at 5 mg/kg, po2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID523036Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID531551Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID533874Antibacterial activity against penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID1128846Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-deficient Escherichia coli 12-14 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID558583Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID425975Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 24 after 14 passages with Telithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID428832Ratio of Cmax in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261342007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID559696Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 3963 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
First report of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnrS1 in an Escherichia coli strain of animal origin in Italy.
AID425347Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1070 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, D83N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID523037Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID544678Antimicrobial activity against AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID524713Antibacterial activity against Burkholderia cepacia clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID425993Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3243 after 50 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID571341Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID559050Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus hominis by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID556724Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1821386 B-D isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID564818Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus hominis assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID573317Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ14 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID1273934Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 assessed as 3 hrs pre-established biofilm viable cell count after 20 hrs (Rvb = 1 x 10'10 CFU/ml)2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID498086Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA899 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID593807Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID561514Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID576018Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RDN1 harboring cloned pTZ2162-encoded QacBIII E320A mutant gene by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Fluoroquinolone efflux by the plasmid-mediated multidrug efflux pump QacB variant QacBIII in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID285727Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1355063Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 12-13 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID285720Antibacterial activity against penicillin-intermediate resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1685379Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolate CAN-ICU 62584 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID524697Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter diversus clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID533661Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 harboring plasmid CU12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic characterization of Vga ABC proteins conferring reduced susceptibility to pleuromutilins in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID559504Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus haemolyticus assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1297340Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 14-5 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID425342Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1149 harboring S81F and S79Y mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA and ParC genes respectively showing efflux to ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID535694Antimicrobial activity against Azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 transconjugant harboring Escherichia coli DH5alpha-5825 qnrB2 gene by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Detection of the pandemic O25-ST131 human virulent Escherichia coli CTX-M-15-producing clone harboring the qnrB2 and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in a dog.
AID565751Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID559239Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae W002 harboring wild-type parC and gyrA genes assessed as mutation prevention concentration after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID683323Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Morganella morganii 07-09 by microbroth dilution method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Three new 12-carbamoylated streptothricins from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID559421Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate V1 harboring qnrB2 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID721131Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus assessed as growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3
A facile synthesis, antibacterial activity of pulvinone and its derivatives.
AID533877Antibacterial activity against amoxicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID573115Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID556733Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 2297262-9 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1355055Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis isolate 13-1 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID728909Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-intermediate and levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID498782Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes harboring Asp91/Asn mutation in parC gene by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Prevalence and clonal characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility in Spain.
AID542782Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53 transformed with pHNDU1 carrying qnrB6 gene by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
AID559431Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate M2 harboring qnrS1 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID1504621Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 by microbroth dilution method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-09, Volume: 8, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure.
AID245330Antibacterial activity against Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) J-24 was determined2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-18, Volume: 14, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids bearing cyclopropane-fused 2-amino-8-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-yl substituents at the C-7 position.
AID437333Antibacterial activity against Shigella sonnei 51592 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID498114Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA881 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1520444Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus after 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI-protocol based broth microdilution method
AID529899Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira weilii isolate 8 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID425966Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3274 after 50 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID556739Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2062713 B-Q isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID573138Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus agalactiae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID584496Antibacterial activity against porin, OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj3 revertant by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID271587Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli EC1-102006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID1243284Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID1395494Antibacterial activity against new delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 harboring Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 13-1 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID285785Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mitis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID542780Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53 transformed with pHND3 carrying qnrB6 gene by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
AID1256559Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-22 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID573143Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus viridans by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID576554Bactericidal activity against recA-deficient Staphylococcus aureus ASAU022 assessed as induction of slow growth rate at 0.5 times MIC by time kill study2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Impact of recA on levofloxacin exposure-related resistance development.
AID1596942Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as time required to increase 1 log10 CFU at MIC incubated for 1 hr followed by compound washout and measured at 1 hr intervals (Rvb = 2 hrs)
AID565734Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus Group C clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1667158Antimicrobial activity against Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 512992020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID531558Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus capitis obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID556951Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis 1134841 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID573150Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID541534Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID496008Antimicrobial activity against piperacillin-tazobactam resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro potency of CXA-101, a novel cephalosporin, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa displaying various resistance phenotypes, including multidrug resistance.
AID531557Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus hominis obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID556734Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2297262-10 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID545431Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli obtained from patient with complicated intra-abdominal infection assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID279131Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1002 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID556476Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2215767-10 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID285158Antimicrobial susceptibility of tetracycline-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae from respiratory tract disease patient assessed as percent resistant isolates2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Clonal diversity and resistance mechanisms in tetracycline-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Poland.
AID532898Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 523 transformant by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID586635Antibacterial activity against qnrB gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring ParC S80R mutant and pBK-QnrB1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID531567Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID544834Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 Tr6 harboring gyrA Ser81Phe mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID293157Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 17, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new quinolone derivatives utilizing 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane.
AID559069Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID161281Inhibition of human Potassium channel HERG expressed in mammalian cells2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-18, Volume: 13, Issue:16
Prediction of hERG potassium channel affinity by traditional and hologram qSAR methods.
AID1869529Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Morganella morganii KL-225 measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID279562Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae BLPAR strains2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Diversity of ampicillin resistance genes and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in Korea.
AID522954Antibacterial activity against methicillin-, ciprofloxacin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
AID559064Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus intermedius by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID524694Antibacterial activity against Neisseria sp. by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID279268Antibacterial activity against moxifloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 19 with GyrA S81F mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID423250Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients more than 65 years of age after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID562582Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID565080Antibacterial activity against hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 56 by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Pharmacodynamic profile of tigecycline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental pneumonia model.
AID1167744Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 2485 harboring GyrA S81F mutant, GyrB D160E/T329A mutant and ParC S79F mutant by broth microdilution method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-13, Volume: 57, Issue:21
Novel DNA gyrase inhibiting spiropyrimidinetriones with a benzisoxazole scaffold: SAR and in vivo characterization.
AID531628Antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma fermentans by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Comparative in vitro activities of the investigational fluoroquinolone DC-159a and other antimicrobial agents against human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas.
AID564817Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus hominis after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID278264Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS18 with GyrA S38F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID519998Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID573125Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID405460Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli C600Rif containing pIP1206 plasmid in presence of 50 ug/ml efflux pump inhibitor phenyl-arginine-beta-naphthylamide by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID565738Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID573152Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1411657Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 after 24 hrs2017MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 8, Issue:11
The synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-phenylaminomethylene-cyclohexane-1,3-diones as specific anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID528845Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from ICU patient wound assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID544737Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E367 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID564827Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus simulans assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID556704Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1655646 A-Y isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID286138Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49619 at fAUC/MIC of 114 after 24 to 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID571841Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID548526Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID679239TP_TRANSPORTER: transepithelial transport (basal to apical) in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells1997The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Aug, Volume: 282, Issue:2
Transport of quinolone antibacterial drugs by human P-glycoprotein expressed in a kidney epithelial cell line, LLC-PK1.
AID524711Antibacterial activity against Shigella sp. by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID524413Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates isolated from patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as cure rate at test-of-cure visit2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Worldwide experience with the use of doripenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: analysis of six phase 3 clinical studies.
AID545559Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli EIR2b selected at 2 times MIC of imipenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1474722Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
Novel bioactive molecules from Lentzea violacea strain AS 08 using one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) approach.
AID286044Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae BSP-2443 by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID528841Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from ICU patient wound assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID498304Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5063 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID755689Binding affinity to human ERG Y652A tandem dimeric mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of tail current measured upon repolarization to -40 mV by patch clamp method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13
The synergic modeling for the binding of fluoroquinolone antibiotics to the hERG potassium channel.
AID323878Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID373041Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate ZJ36 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID285735Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase negative Haemophilus influenzae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID530127Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Pharmacodynamic characterization of ceftobiprole in experimental pneumonia caused by phenotypically diverse Staphylococcus aureus strains.
AID584568Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate B expressing beta-lactamase OXA-164 isolated from tracheal secretion of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID562413Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus Group C clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID671563Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae 5512012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 55, Issue:2
Fluorocyclines. 2. Optimization of the C-9 side-chain for antibacterial activity and oral efficacy.
AID285719Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID285758Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID577228Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii AB039 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID294457Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID519992Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium nosocomial isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID285723Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID323042Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase producing Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent resistant isolates2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Predictors of mortality in patients with bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: importance of inadequate initial antimicrobial treatment.
AID736559Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolate 12-332013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID1079935Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID211872In vivo toxicity in mice i.v.2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-18, Volume: 13, Issue:16
Conformationally-restricted analogues of efflux pump inhibitors that potentiate the activity of levofloxacin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID428866Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26137 assessed as prevention of bacterial regrowth under condition simulating oral administration of 200 mg twice daily after 72 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID532169Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Citrobacter freundii PU55T harboring wild-type GyrA, ParC, GyrB and qnrA genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID582512Ratio of Cmax in Wistar rat tissue cage fluid to MIC for Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 at 50 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID545558Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli EIR2a to MIC for Escherichia coli NIHJ2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID675072Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Streptococcus pneumoniae 10-4 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID588214FDA HLAED, liver enzyme composite activity2004Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4
Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID524691Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID444057Fraction escaping hepatic elimination in human2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID523027Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID559243Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae S004 harboring wild-type parC and gyrA Gly85Asn mutant genes assessed as mutation prevention concentration after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID559405Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2C selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID524695Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID558594Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 6 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID1365704Antitubercular activity against rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv RIF-R1 harboring rpoB S522L mutant after 5 days2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 25, Issue:21
The antitubercular activity of various nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based compounds.
AID531630Antimicrobial activity against Ureaplasma urealyticum by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Comparative in vitro activities of the investigational fluoroquinolone DC-159a and other antimicrobial agents against human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas.
AID544849Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1414 harboring gyrA Glu85Lys parC Ser79Phe mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID564828Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus simulans after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID275461Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus F9886332007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-25, Volume: 50, Issue:2
Isothiazoloquinolones with enhanced antistaphylococcal activities against multidrug-resistant strains: effects of structural modifications at the 6-, 7-, and 8-positions.
AID285726Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase positive Enterococcus faecalis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID559068Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sanguinis by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1128842Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium 12-1 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID531568Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID573343Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Citrobacter freundii by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1395480Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase harboring Escherichia coli 12-15 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID573373Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1242678Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 509 in po dosed neutropenic CD1 mouse pneumonia model assessed as decrease in bacterial burden in lung administered as bid measured after 24 hrs2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-09, Volume: 6, Issue:7
Discovery and Characterization of a Water-Soluble Prodrug of a Dual Inhibitor of Bacterial DNA Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV.
AID1257069Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 20 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Synthesis of biscoumarin and dihydropyran derivatives with promising antitumor and antibacterial activities.
AID557168Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2297262-10 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID520413Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Antistreptococcal activity of AR-709 compared to that of other agents.
AID575079Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 7F assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID557151Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2062713 B-Q isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID531553Antibacterial activity against methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID573346Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID285714Antibacterial activity against Alloiococcus otitidis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1180564Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis by broth microdilution/CLSI method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 57, Issue:14
Optimization of pyrrolamide topoisomerase II inhibitors toward identification of an antibacterial clinical candidate (AZD5099).
AID428773Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-23958 assessed as mutant prevention concentration after 72 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID559052Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus saprophyticus by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID565729Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus Group F clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID278269Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS38 gyrA+ with GyrA D87G mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID529893Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Bataviae isolate 1 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID285734Antibacterial activity against Corynebacterium sp.2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID118081In vivo percent survival on day 7th after administration (7.5 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID323904Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 with rplC D159Y mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID1698704Antibacterial activity against Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus by CLSI method2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 28, Issue:22
Lead optimization of 8-(methylamino)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolines as bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID520958Antimicrobial activity against Corynebacterium minutissimum isolates by CLSI M45-A protocol based microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Activity of Tigecycline against Coryneform Bacteria of Clinical Interest and Listeria monocytogenes.
AID601784Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Enterococcus faecalis 08-12 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1809843Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected in Balb/c mouse stomach assessed as animal survival at 100 mg/kg, ip after 7 days2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20
Tandem Repeat of a Short Human Chemerin-Derived Peptide and Its Nontoxic d-Lysine-Containing Enantiomer Display Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial and Antitubercular Activities.
AID544855Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1050 harboring gyrA Ser81Phe mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID548795Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus assessed as percent resistant isolate by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID574438Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 1679T expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, TEM and PFGE cluster 6 isolated from peritoneal fluid of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID582497Antimicrobial activity against stationary phase culture of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 by macrodilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID119811In vivo number of survivors on day 7 after administration (7.5 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID562400Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus Group F clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID584578Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate L expressing beta-lactamase OXA-58 isolated from tracheal secretion of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID524706Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID573155Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID728902Plasma protein binding in human at 10 ug/mL by ultrafiltration method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID318668Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Smith in mouse dosed iv 1 hr after infection2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID559245Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae D002 harboring parC Ser79Phe and gyrA Ser81Phe mutant genes assessed as mutation prevention concentration after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID559059Antibacterial activity against non-levofloxacin susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID496646Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1135 by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID227571Ratio between minimum effective concentration of compound and MIC of compound + MC-002595 (Efflux pump inhibitor)2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-23, Volume: 14, Issue:4
Inhibitors of multidrug resistance (MDR) have affinity for MDR substrates.
AID697252Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ARC 1692 in ABT-treated CD1 mouse neutropenic thigh infection model assessed as reduction in log10 CFU per gram of thigh at 20 mg/kg/day, ip qd starting 2 hrs post-infection measur2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 55, Issue:15
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II with reduced pK(a): antibacterial agents with an improved safety profile.
AID521102Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus sp. 'group B' isolate 9 harboring gyrA Ser81Leu mutant, parC Ser79Tyr mutant and parE Ileu495Leu mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in group B streptococcal isolates in Taiwan.
AID1380680Antibacterial activity against beta-lactam resistant Acinetobacter baumannii by broth microdilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10
Discovery and Optimization of Indolyl-Containing 4-Hydroxy-2-Pyridone Type II DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors Active against Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria.
AID369632Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase positive amoxicillin/clavulanate-resistant Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Can the Etest correctly determine the MICs of beta-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics for beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae?
AID605951Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Streptothricin derivatives from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID544764Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E413 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID556924Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 1780065 B-B isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID544753Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E342 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID498299Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1032 overexpressing multidrug efflux pump MexAB-OprM assessed as reduction in log CFU/ml at 8 times MIC up to 48 hrs in presence of cystic fibrosis patient sputum2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID558912Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5i harboring GyrA Ala92Glu and GyrB Ser416Ala mutant genes selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID279132Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1003 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID544951Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae expressing beta-lactamase CTX by Etest based on multiple determinants2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID524826Antibacterial activity against erythromycin resistant Campylobacter sp. assessed as resistance breakpoint by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli strains: in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents.
AID528520Bactericidal activity against levofloxacin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 2048 ug/ml after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID575300Half life in common marmoset at 40 mg/kg, po measured on day 1 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID521451Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T26 harboring parC mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID559063Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus constellatus by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1143644Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus sp. ATCC 65892014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID1204052Antimicrobial activity against quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 by micro broth dilution or agar based method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 25, Issue:11
Structure activity relationship of substituted 1,5-naphthyridine analogs of oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents (Part-4).
AID573297Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ3 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID424320Antimicrobial activity against Dialister micraerophilus by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID584497Antibacterial activity against porin deficient OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj3 expressing efflux system by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID1254975Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Ac-54 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID422658Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1077 after 49 passages with clindamycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID285156Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 496192007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Clonal diversity and resistance mechanisms in tetracycline-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Poland.
AID510503Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex isolate M2AC9-31 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID679158TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OCT2-expressing HEK293 cells2002Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, Jul, Volume: 13, Issue:7
cDNA cloning, functional characterization, and tissue distribution of an alternatively spliced variant of organic cation transporter hOCT2 predominantly expressed in the human kidney.
AID68551Minimum inhibitory concentration against Enterococcus faecium (VR; Vancomycin resistant) EF122003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID556748Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1889647 B-H isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID575944Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Distribution of serotypes, genotypes, and resistance determinants among macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates.
AID573140Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus agalactiae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID544850Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae CIP104485 by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1678766Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 using DMSO as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID573146Antibacterial activity against penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus viridans by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID501608Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 26 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID558882Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253c selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID588967Substrates of transporters of clinical importance in the absorption and disposition of drugs, OATP1A22010Nature reviews. Drug discovery, Mar, Volume: 9, Issue:3
Membrane transporters in drug development.
AID574953Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6C by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID1436815Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-3 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID323876Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae 1132 expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID531627Antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma hominis by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Comparative in vitro activities of the investigational fluoroquinolone DC-159a and other antimicrobial agents against human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas.
AID285291Effect on 0.06 ug/ml DQ113-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 216 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID574032Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Micromonas micros by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID498192Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia MBS100 deficient in Smqnr gene by epsilon test2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
SmQnr contributes to intrinsic resistance to quinolones in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID574023Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Peptostreptococcus anaerobius by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID511389Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID574955Antimicrobial activity against multiple drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19F by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID556499Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2215767-9 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID285715Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1380677Antibacterial activity against wild type Acinetobacter baumannii by broth microdilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10
Discovery and Optimization of Indolyl-Containing 4-Hydroxy-2-Pyridone Type II DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors Active against Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria.
AID559607Antimicrobial activity against qnrB-positive Escherichia coli clinical isolate by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID736564Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 12-152013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID559499Antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID533875Antibacterial activity against penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID278240Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-3 with GyrA S83F, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID531591Antibacterial activity against Salmonella spp. obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID573153Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID535645Antimicrobial activity against Group B Streptococcus serotype Ia N1 harboring E63K mutation in PBP 2A and L41S mutation in PBP 1B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID545572Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PIR2a to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 156922009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID571358Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID342419Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK816 with gyrA Ser81Leu, Ser114Gly and parC Ser52Gly, Ser79Tyr, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID559698Antibacterial activity against quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli TOP10-3963 transformant harboring qnrS1 gene by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
First report of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnrS1 in an Escherichia coli strain of animal origin in Italy.
AID1406202Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase harboring Citrobacter freundii ATCC 43864 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID573154Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1781723Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus NR 31884 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID422661Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1077 after 15 passages with Telithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID523026Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID499677Antimicrobial activity against quinolone and penicillin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID511303Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin susceptible and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID285746Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID520405Antimicrobial activity against quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Antistreptococcal activity of AR-709 compared to that of other agents.
AID529849Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase-overproducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa N043 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID541808Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus durans clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID560085Bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 796 at 1/4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID544949Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli expressing beta-lactamase AmpC and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID285713Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus warneri2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1504616Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P by microbroth dilution method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-09, Volume: 8, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure.
AID531421Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 35B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID558629Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3791 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID342406Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK62 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID498190Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia MBS82 deficient in Smqnr gene by epsilon test2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
SmQnr contributes to intrinsic resistance to quinolones in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID528850Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from ICU patient wound assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID562583Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID565325Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M6328 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID586636Antibacterial activity against qnrA gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring ParC S80R mutant and pBK-QnrA1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID532979Inhibition of DNA supercoiling activity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA gyrase subunit A D94G mutant2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antituberculosis activities of ACH-702, a novel isothiazoloquinolone, against quinolone-susceptible and quinolone-resistant isolates.
AID561340Antibacterial activity against Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID520001Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID574949Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID580424Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as abdominal pain at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1355057Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus hominis ATCC 35982 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID531571Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus constellatus obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID573301Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ8 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID544675Antimicrobial activity against class A extended spectrum beta-lactamase- and class D OXA- producing Escherichia coli clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID531854Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected in patient at 1000 mg/day, po administered for 7 days by HPLC2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis.
AID544673Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID577235Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB106 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID1494122Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 12981 after 16 hrs by microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aryldiketo acids with enhanced antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial strains.
AID497950Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1042 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation by microtiter plate reader assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID531794Antibacterial activity against SCCmec type 2 genotype-positive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Microbiological and genotypic analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.
AID544741Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E371 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID522971Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
AID1163990Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli 12-14 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID351866Protection against community-acquired pneumonia in patient with pneumonia severity index-3 assessed as mortality at 500 mg administered once daily for 14 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Comparison of beta-lactam and macrolide combination therapy versus fluoroquinolone monotherapy in hospitalized Veterans Affairs patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
AID557143Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1134642 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID341104Antimicrobial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Yersinia pestis mutant2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Impact of resistance selection and mutant growth fitness on the relative efficacies of streptomycin and levofloxacin for plague therapy.
AID545826Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID544961Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae expressing beta-lactamase CTX by Etest based on single determinant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID285761Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID565004Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID560149Antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori clinical isolates harboring gyrA gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Sitafloxacin activity against Helicobacter pylori isolates, including those with gyrA mutations.
AID565309Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium by quantitative TaqMan PCR method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID1163994Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID528707Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes group A clinical isolate assessed as susceptibility level by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID290346Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis BC-35312007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8
The synthesis and biological evaluation of novel series of nitrile-containing fluoroquinolones as antibacterial agents.
AID531788Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID539712Anticancer activity against human A549 after 5 days by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24
Novel lipophilic 7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as potential antitumor agents: improved synthesis and in vitro evaluation.
AID423255Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients more than 65 years of age assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID575285Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Comparative in vitro activity profiles of novel bis-indole antibacterials against gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates.
AID530590Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pSmQnr2 carrying Smqnr gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID553809Drug level in human feces2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Effects of exposure of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 027 and 001 to fluoroquinolones in a human gut model.
AID559399Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630F harboring GyrA Ala118Val mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID675056Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 259223 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID422682Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1635 after 14 passages with clindamycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID285736Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase positive Haemophilus influenzae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID285280Effect on 0.5 ug/ml sitofloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 335 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID565736Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus Group C clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1395514Antibacterial activity against Providencia rettgeri ATCC 31052 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID575312Cmax in Rhesus monkey at 15 mg/kg by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID561341Antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID571892Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii beta clonal group isolate 10 expressing ompA, adeB, adeM, aacA4, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID524973Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID544936Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID285752Antibacterial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID342416Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK386 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID531572Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mitis obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID521463Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID565313Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium TW10-5G by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID531566Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID573304Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ12 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID1254969Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens T-55 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID560146Antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori clinical isolates harboring gyrA Asn87 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Sitafloxacin activity against Helicobacter pylori isolates, including those with gyrA mutations.
AID423254Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients with 15 to 64 years of age assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID528830Antimicrobial activity against CTX-M ESBL producing Escherichia coli isolated from ICU patient respiratory tract assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID1256565Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID524972Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1297332Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-15 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID404952Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp. assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID562590Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID425350Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1146 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, and D435N mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID522963Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
AID425543Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1156 harboring S81F and S79F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA and ParC genes respectively showing efflux to ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID556938Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1627517Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv RIF-R2 ATCC 35828 after 5 days2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-14, Volume: 7, Issue:7
Dehydrozingerone Inspired Styryl Hydrazine Thiazole Hybrids as Promising Class of Antimycobacterial Agents.
AID509855Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978 assessed as bacterial growth at 0.09 mg/L in presence of 150 mM NaCl2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acinetobacter baumannii increases tolerance to antibiotics in response to monovalent cations.
AID559532Antibacterial activity against non-ciprofloxacin-susceptible Haemophilus influenzae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID576552Antimicrobial activity methicillin-resistant against Staphylococcus aureus ASAU021 harboring gyrA S84A, S84L, S84P, E88G and E88K mutant recovered from compound supplemented plates after 24 hrs by modified broth macrodilution method relative to wild type2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Impact of recA on levofloxacin exposure-related resistance development.
AID559423Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate V1 harboring qnrB2 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID564833Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus hominis after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID586631Antibacterial activity against qnrS gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrS1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID279878Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 31.3 uM promazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID556483Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2062713 B-Q isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID537923Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID1593375Inhibition of Pks13 D1644G/N1640K double mutant thioesterase domain in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis KZN494 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth by microplate alamar blue assay2019Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-11, Volume: 62, Issue:7
Identification of Novel Coumestan Derivatives as Polyketide Synthase 13 Inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Part II.
AID1887544Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID531560Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus cohnii obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID342231Antimicrobial activity against Viridans streptococcus L18 with gyrA Ser114Gly, Asp142Asn, gyrB Ser494Thr and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID428862Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-23958 assessed as reduction in number of viable cells under condition simulating oral administration of 200 mg twice daily2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1678769Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 using DMSO as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID560070Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 5436 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID423240Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase-positive Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients assessed as susceptible isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID497944Antibacterial activity against Burkholderia cepacia clinical isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID573784Antibacterial activity against Prevotella bivia by by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID560269Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 infected in Swiss neutropenic mouse assessed as reduction in lung bacterial load at 63 mg/kg, ip BID administered 24 hrs post infection2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID278267Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS18 tolC::Kan with GyrA S38F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID556210Drug excretion in pyelonephritis patient urine at 250 mg/kg, iv administered every 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID736148Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 12-12013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID1780454Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates by CLSI method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20
Optimization of TopoIV Potency, ADMET Properties, and hERG Inhibition of 5-Amino-1,3-dioxane-Linked Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors: Identification of a Lead with
AID1759121Antibacterial activity against Vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 by agar method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41Design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of PFK-158 derivatives as potent agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID1161503Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate after 18 to 20 hrs by broth microdilution2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Optimization of physicochemical properties and safety profile of novel bacterial topoisomerase type II inhibitors (NBTIs) with activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID422688Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3413 after 50 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID523038Antimicrobial activity against streptococcal sp. by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID678716Inhibition of human CYP3A4 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using diethoxyfluorescein as substrate after 30 mins2012Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10
Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID541531Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID531569Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sp. 'group C' obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID531625Antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma pneumoniae by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Comparative in vitro activities of the investigational fluoroquinolone DC-159a and other antimicrobial agents against human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas.
AID580428Drug related treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as >=1 adverse event at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID613640Antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Vibrio parahaemolyticus 7001 after 24 hrs by microtiter plate based MIC assay2011Journal of natural products, Aug-26, Volume: 74, Issue:8
Antibacterial polyketides from the jellyfish-derived fungus Paecilomyces variotii.
AID510512Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex isolate W2AC8-S10 expressing OXA-512010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID565750Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-nonsusceptible Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID586753Antibacterial activity against qnrB gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrB1 assessed as resistant colonies recovered one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID285790Antibacterial efficacy against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus UC76 infected orally dosed CD1 mouse model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID558085Antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma fermentans isolated from human by two fold serial dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas to a new investigational ketolide, CEM-101.
AID290342Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae SV12007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8
The synthesis and biological evaluation of novel series of nitrile-containing fluoroquinolones as antibacterial agents.
AID1408204Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 13-23 clinical isolate after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 13-substituted cycloberberine derivatives as a novel class of anti-MRSA agents.
AID1653096Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells by CCK8 assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 165Quinolone hybrids and their anti-cancer activities: An overview.
AID522947Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
AID601792Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Pseudomonas aeruginosa 09-32 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID286090fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49610 at 875 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID1591971Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium ATCC 700221 assessed as prevention of visible bacterial growth incubated for 18 hrs by broth dilution method2019Journal of natural products, 08-23, Volume: 82, Issue:8
Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Cervinomycins B
AID406625Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate-2 with gyrA Ser81Phe, Ser114Gly, ParC Ser52Gly, Ser79Phe, Asn91Asp and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID1240507Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli DM17528 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
N-Lipidated Peptide Dimers: Effective Antibacterial Agents against Gram-Negative Pathogens through Lipopolysaccharide Permeabilization.
AID1891908Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by microtiter plate assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 64Identification of nitrofuranylchalcone tethered benzoxazole-2-amines as potent inhibitors of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrating bactericidal efficacy.
AID424420Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus HIP14300 isolated from patients foot wound by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with Inc18-like vanA plasmids in Michigan.
AID533876Antibacterial activity against amoxicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID372979Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium intracellular JATA52-01 after 14 days by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID522962Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible, -intermediate Escherichia coli by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
AID1261271Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 14-5 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID278249Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS1 gyrA+ with GyrA S83F, D87N, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID524980Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mitis clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1474729Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
Novel bioactive molecules from Lentzea violacea strain AS 08 using one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) approach.
AID1678767Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 using DMSO as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID556504Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 1949822 B-J isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID556505Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1889640 A-Z isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID323888Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Escherichia coli J53/pN5 expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID557172Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 1780065 B-B isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1627518Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv FQ-R1 harboring gyrB D94N mutant after 5 days2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-14, Volume: 7, Issue:7
Dehydrozingerone Inspired Styryl Hydrazine Thiazole Hybrids as Promising Class of Antimycobacterial Agents.
AID520412Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Antistreptococcal activity of AR-709 compared to that of other agents.
AID573364Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Morganella morganii by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1395493Antibacterial activity against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-12 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID521441Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T3 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID549015Antimicrobial activity against viridans group Streptococcus assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID1143642Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 177592014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID755685Binding affinity to human ERG F656A tetrameric mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of tail current measured upon repolarization to -120 mV by patch clamp method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13
The synergic modeling for the binding of fluoroquinolone antibiotics to the hERG potassium channel.
AID1127582Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 NCTC 7466 expressing GyrA S81Y/ParC S79F double mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method wild type Streptococcus pneumo2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID588215FDA HLAED, alkaline phosphatase increase2004Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4
Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID573822Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Clostridium perfringens by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID369447Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus group B after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro activity of telavancin against gram-positive clinical isolates recently obtained in Europe.
AID499681Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID560147Antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori clinical isolates harboring gyrA Asp91 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Sitafloxacin activity against Helicobacter pylori isolates, including those with gyrA mutations.
AID561397Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP58 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID586629Antibacterial activity against qnrS gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring ParC S80R mutant and pBK-QnrS1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1706869Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID342240Antimicrobial activity against atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae L4 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID604024Unbound brain to plasma concentration ratio in Sprague-Dawley rat administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID511383Antibacterial activity against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID531554Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID524825Antibacterial activity against erythromycin susceptible Campylobacter sp. by agar plate dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli strains: in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents.
AID559424Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate M1 harboring qnrB19 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID532038Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli DH5alpha TrfPS012 harboring PMQR determinant qnrB22 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Novel variants of the qnrB gene, qnrB22 and qnrB23, in Citrobacter werkmanii and Citrobacter freundii.
AID541510Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus parainfluenzae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID285764Antibacterial activity against Bacteroides fragilis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID529197Antibacterial activity against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Comparison of antimicrobial resistance profiles among extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and acquired AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from Canadian intensive care units.
AID531552Antibacterial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID1225259Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition after 24 hrs by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
A potent antimicrobial compound isolated from Clathria cervicornis.
AID531629Antimicrobial activity against Ureaplasma parvum by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Comparative in vitro activities of the investigational fluoroquinolone DC-159a and other antimicrobial agents against human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas.
AID1706872Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10129 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID511384Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID532902Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 365 transformant by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID556707Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2215767-9 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID556941Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949820 B-N isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID369628Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Can the Etest correctly determine the MICs of beta-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics for beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae?
AID613794Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 08-21 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID278668Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 25302007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm.
AID425987Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3243 after 33 passages with azithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID1128839Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis 12-5 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID541495Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia cepacia clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID571922Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii zeta clonal group isolate 25 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aadA1, aacA4, aacC2, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID406471Ratio of MBC for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 during logarithmic-growth phase to stationary-growth phase2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of a novel rifamycin derivative, ABI-0043, against Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental model of foreign-body infection.
AID1225257Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition after 24 hrs by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
A potent antimicrobial compound isolated from Clathria cervicornis.
AID559084Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID323883Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Escherichia coli DH10B GyrA/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID562221Antimicrobial activity against Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Susceptibilities of 23 Desulfovibrio isolates from humans.
AID496007Antimicrobial activity against Ceftazidime resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro potency of CXA-101, a novel cephalosporin, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa displaying various resistance phenotypes, including multidrug resistance.
AID368418Antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli C316 pHPA containing mutated GyrA gene by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID1152381Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli after 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 24, Issue:12
Synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of novel pyrimidine-benzimidazol combinations.
AID529898Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira weilii isolate 6 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID572134Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii nu clonal group isolate 34 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID533880Antibacterial activity against cefotaxime-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID285510Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID1243587Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium ATCC 700221 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID560506Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate b3k2345 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID565308Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID342400Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis ATCC 10557 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID577238Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB125 with PFGE subgroup A1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID559512Antibacterial activity against Lancefield Streptococcus sp. 'group G' assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID562608Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1228699Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 694 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition by susceptibility testing assay2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-11, Volume: 58, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Hexacyclic Tetracyclines as Potent, Broad Spectrum Antibacterial Agents.
AID556502Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2297262-10 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1127621Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 NCTC 7466 expressing GyrA S81F/ParC S79F double mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID425576Antibacterial activity against macrolide-, quinolone-susceptible and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 100 harboring S79Y mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of ParC gene after 34 passages with gemifloxacin measured afte2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID495551Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae isolate by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Antimicrobial resistance in Haemophilus influenzae respiratory tract isolates in Korea: results of a nationwide acute respiratory infections surveillance.
AID1596886Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10191 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID294451Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID601781Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-2 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID341090Antibacterial activity against Yersinia pestis delta CO92 by broth macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Impact of resistance selection and mutant growth fitness on the relative efficacies of streptomycin and levofloxacin for plague therapy.
AID498089Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA881 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID528971Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ICU patient urine assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID496004Antimicrobial activity against drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro potency of CXA-101, a novel cephalosporin, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa displaying various resistance phenotypes, including multidrug resistance.
AID528500Antimicrobial activity against levofloxacin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus JCSC 6769 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID562357Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID498137Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1032 overexpressing multidrug efflux pump MexAB-OprM assessed as reduction in log CFU/ml at 4 times MIC up to 48 hrs in absence of cystic fibrosis patient sputum2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID629122Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CIP 4.83 after 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID582507Cmax in Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 infected Wistar rat tissue cage fluid at 50 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID279263Antibacterial activity against moxifloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3676 with GyrA E85G, GyrB S478I and ParC S79Y mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID532394Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone A2 isolate NA-14X-32 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID1504617Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 by microbroth dilution method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-09, Volume: 8, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure.
AID279144Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1015 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID323917Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2A1-1 fast1 with rplC D159Y and unmapped mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID564808Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus simulans after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID572146Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii unique clonal group isolate 40 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aadA1, aacA4, aacC2, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID1695904Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 13-32019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID537927Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 08-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID573335Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID323037Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolates2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Predictors of mortality in patients with bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: importance of inadequate initial antimicrobial treatment.
AID511399Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID519997Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ribosomal mutant2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID1243579Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 12-33 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID557154Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949826 B-L isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID369227Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Serotypes, Clones, and Mechanisms of Resistance of Erythromycin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates Collected in Spain.
AID586630Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring ParC S80R mutant by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID528725Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus intermedius clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID286069Half life at 750 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID562580Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus Group C clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID559515Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID571851Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID570924Antibacterial activity against hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID548525Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID562222Antimicrobial activity against Desulfovibrio desulfuricans Essex 6 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Susceptibilities of 23 Desulfovibrio isolates from humans.
AID533664Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN1024-tms2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic characterization of Vga ABC proteins conferring reduced susceptibility to pleuromutilins in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID531455Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID546054Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID541516Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID520964Antimicrobial activity against Rhodococcus equi isolates by CLSI M45-A protocol based microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Activity of Tigecycline against Coryneform Bacteria of Clinical Interest and Listeria monocytogenes.
AID565011Bactericidal activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus haemolyticus after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID572518Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolate s2705 harboring wild type ParC gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID425563Antibacterial activity against penicillin-, macrolide- and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 63 after 50 passages by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID560272Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa NH57388A infected in Swiss neutropenic mouse assessed as lung bacterial load at 30 mg/kg, ip BID administered 24 hrs post infection (Rvb = 8.89 logCFU)2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID573119Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative and oxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID546058Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID586640Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID425570Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible, quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1072 expressing ermB and harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79Y mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V 2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID571876Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID573365Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Morganella morganii assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID535657Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae FJ61T harboring qnrS gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID543796Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID529827Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
In vitro activity of tigecycline against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and selection of tigecycline-amikacin synergy.
AID1596946Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 at 10 times MIC incubated 48 hrs by crystal violet staining based assay relative to control
AID1406185Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID342230Antimicrobial activity against Viridans streptococcus L17 with gyrA Ser114Gly, gyrB Ser494Thr and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1297337Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1652708Induction of Escherichia coli K12 MG1655 recN promotor measured at 30 mins interval for 20 hrs by fluorescence assay relative to control
AID1395500Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID532396Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone A3 isolate FG-17X-08 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID559058Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID678713Inhibition of human CYP2C9 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 7-methoxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin-3-acetic acid as substrate after 30 mins2012Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10
Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID405820Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii 501 isolate harboring bla IMP-1 carrying integron In86 containing aminoglycoside resistance gene aac(6')-32007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Characterization of an integron carrying blaIMP-1 and a new aminoglycoside resistance gene, aac(6')-31, and its dissemination among genetically unrelated clinical isolates in a Brazilian hospital.
AID558086Antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma hominis isolated from human by two fold serial dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas to a new investigational ketolide, CEM-101.
AID675065Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 10-15 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID565744Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium expressing VanA gene clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID571856Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID523040Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID1261257Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID559200Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae S001 harboring parC Asp83Asn mutant and wild-type gyrA genes2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID531787Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID544900Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID573141Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus agalactiae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID588217FDA HLAED, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) increase2004Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4
Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID285748Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase positive Klebsiella pneumoniae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID544891Antimicrobial activity against class A extended spectrum beta-lactamase- producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID544903Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID285737Antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID522964Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
AID1209581Fraction unbound in Sprague-Dawley rat brain homogenates at 5 uM by equilibrium dialysis analysis2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods.
AID573388Antibacterial activity against Pasteurella multocida by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID558587Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 19A by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID1243588Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium 12-1 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID520963Antimicrobial activity against Arcanobacterium haemolyticum isolates by CLSI M45-A protocol based microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Activity of Tigecycline against Coryneform Bacteria of Clinical Interest and Listeria monocytogenes.
AID521456Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T7 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID573359Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID278270Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS38 acrAB::Kan with GyrA D87G mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID545842Antimicrobial activity against ESBL-positive Escherichia coli by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID1243289Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID285283Effect on 16 ug/ml ciprofloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 335 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID404281Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis KU1866 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID572511Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolate s2878 harboring wild type ParC gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID586752Antibacterial activity against qnrA gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrA1 assessed as resistant colonies recovered one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1079944Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID285960Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae A3 isolate with GyrA Glu83Cys, ParC Ser84Arg and AcrR 97stop codon mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID530591Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pSmQnr3 carrying Smqnr gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID524974Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sp. Group C clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID531781Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID559044Antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID520404Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Antistreptococcal activity of AR-709 compared to that of other agents.
AID285780Antibacterial activity against Prevotella oralis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID425571Antibacterial activity against penicillin-, macrolide-susceptible and quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1074 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutat2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1906415Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as reduction in microbial growth incubated for 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 235Amphiphilic cyclic peptide [W
AID572515Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Stanley isolate s2043 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID531577Antibacterial activity against Gemella spp. obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID721753Inhibition of human MATE1-mediated ASP+ uptake expressed in HEK293 cells at 20 uM after 1.5 mins by fluorescence assay2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery of potent, selective multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter 1 (MATE1, SLC47A1) inhibitors through prescription drug profiling and computational modeling.
AID573347Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1411661Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 607 after 24 hrs2017MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 8, Issue:11
The synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-phenylaminomethylene-cyclohexane-1,3-diones as specific anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID285754Antibacterial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1143646Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 140282014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID535663Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Enterobacter cloacae FJ63T harboring qnrS gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID546060Antimicrobial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID1261253Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID521442Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T4 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID528495Antimicrobial activity against high level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus JCSC 6764 expressing gyrA Ser84Leu, gyrB Asp437Glu norA T389C and grlA Ser80Phe/Glu84Lys mutants by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID279868Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 62.5 uM prochlorperazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID574951Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 7F by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID1164013Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID342224Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae L15 with parC Asp83Asn Lys137Asn and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID286072Half life at 1000 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID529856Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa N091 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1698705Antibacterial activity against genotype penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by CLSI method2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 28, Issue:22
Lead optimization of 8-(methylamino)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolines as bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID404951Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp. assessed as percent resistant isolates by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID372370Ratio of MIC for hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 12-09-15/MEM mutant in absence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide to MIC for hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 12-09-15//MEM mutant in presence of efflux pump inhibito2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID425339Antibacterial activity against azithromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID528730Antibacterial activity against penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID1494126Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus EMRSA-15 after 16 hrs by microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aryldiketo acids with enhanced antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial strains.
AID278259Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS9 tolC::Kan with GyrA S83F, D87N, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID286137Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49619 at fAUC/MIC of 97 after 24 to 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID533854Antibacterial activity against nonpigmented rapidly growing Mycobacterium peregrinum after 3 days by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activities of tigecycline and 10 other antimicrobials against nonpigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria.
AID1395487Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis 12-6 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID496396Antibacterial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 SXT1 transconjugant with qnrVC3 gene expressing Vibrio cholerae 59 strain2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Transferable quinolone resistance in Vibrio cholerae.
AID588218FDA HLAED, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increase2004Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4
Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID521834Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate VA367 with blaKPC-3, qnrB19, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11, blaSHV-12, aac(6')-1b genes by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States.
AID532910Antimicrobial activity against KPC-3 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 549 transformant by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID562404Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID570686Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.12 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1254973Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa E-2 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID209279Antimicrobial activity against the streptococcus pyogenes EES 61 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID560059Antimicrobial activity against AmpC-depressed Enterobacter cloacae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID422657Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3665 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID528729Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID531582Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter amnigenus obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID557153Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 2062716 B-R isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID557802Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pHS12 carrying ATG to ACG substituted qnrC gene by CLSI agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis.
AID1624164Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium abscessus after 7 days by alamar blue assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164Synthesis and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides as antitubercular agents effective on drug resistant tuberculosis.
AID373035Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate BJ55 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID425546Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 2536 harboring S81Y mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F, K137N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID545452Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID548474Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Mu50omega expressing vraSm mutant gene after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Contribution of vraSR and graSR point mutations to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
AID679486TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes1998FEBS letters, Nov-06, Volume: 438, Issue:3
Functional characterization of the rat multispecific organic anion transporter OAT1 mediating basolateral uptake of anionic drugs in the kidney.
AID509861Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii using MHB medium assessed as bacterial growth at 0.09 mg/L after 12 hrs in presence of 30 mg/L efflux pump inhibitor PAbetaN2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acinetobacter baumannii increases tolerance to antibiotics in response to monovalent cations.
AID1329015Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae PBS13992016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 24, Issue:24
Discovery, pharmacology, and clinical profile of omadacycline, a novel aminomethylcycline antibiotic.
AID559619Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID556228Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1655646 A-Y isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID565741Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID565811Antimicrobial activity against Neisseria meningitidis assessed as susceptible isolate by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Determination of CEM-101 activity tested against clinical isolates of Neisseria meningitidis from a worldwide collection.
AID533855Antibacterial activity against nonpigmented rapidly growing Mycobacterium fortuitum after 3 days by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activities of tigecycline and 10 other antimicrobials against nonpigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria.
AID1706880Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus VRS4 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID573572Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Bacteroides uniformis by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID586726Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant assessed as mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1261249Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID1398610Inhibition of human ERG expressed in CHOK1 cells at 100 uM2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID279192Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from skin or soft tissue infection outpatients2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Treatment and outcomes of infections by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at an ambulatory clinic.
AID423247Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients with 3 to 5 years of age after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID580492Drug related treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as diarrhea at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1436844Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii ATCC 25830 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID557806Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pHS12 carrying ATT to ATG substituted qnrC gene by CLSI agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis.
AID423100Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID1773499Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID574428Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 360T expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, OXA-9 and PFGE cluster 1 isolated from urine of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID1143639Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 66332014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID584486Antibacterial activity against porin, OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 138821 by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID721139Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3
A facile synthesis, antibacterial activity of pulvinone and its derivatives.
AID562365Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus Group F clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID564806Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID574952Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 11A by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID520408Antimicrobial activity against trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Antistreptococcal activity of AR-709 compared to that of other agents.
AID1759125Antibacterial activity against NDM-1 positive Escherichia coli ATCC 2469 by agar method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41Design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of PFK-158 derivatives as potent agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID558582Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID531575Antibacterial activity against Bacillus spp. obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID565733Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus Group G clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID529484Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 185 containing PFGE genetic clone A expressing qnrB2 aac(6')-Ib-cr and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID537930Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 08-10 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID562223Antimicrobial activity against Desulfovibrio desulfuricans MB by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Susceptibilities of 23 Desulfovibrio isolates from humans.
AID522953Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
AID285740Antibacterial activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID301556Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 26069 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 7-(substituted)-aminomethyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid derivatives.
AID1380678Antibacterial activity against aminoglycoside resistant Acinetobacter baumannii by broth microdilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10
Discovery and Optimization of Indolyl-Containing 4-Hydroxy-2-Pyridone Type II DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors Active against Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria.
AID1500592Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis RIF-R2 ATCC 35828 after 5 days by fluorescence-based assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 138The antitrypanosomal and antitubercular activity of some nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based aromatic amines.
AID537926Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 08-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID511381Antibacterial activity against methicillin resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus epidermidis by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID562361Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID496640Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1072 by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID519996Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring mef(A) gene2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID1297319Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID556473Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1780064 A-X isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID559859Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Capsular type and antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from patients, ranging from newborns to the elderly, with invasive infections.
AID532901Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 365 ST 376 expressing beta-lactamase SHV-27, CTX-M-15 and OXA-4 by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID1297347Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 19615 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID520406Antimicrobial activity against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Antistreptococcal activity of AR-709 compared to that of other agents.
AID565007Bactericidal activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID323039Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Predictors of mortality in patients with bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: importance of inadequate initial antimicrobial treatment.
AID519993Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium nosocomial isolate2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID548527Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID522969Antibacterial activity against Providencia stuartii by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
AID544748Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E428 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID342414Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK579 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID290344Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae HI35422007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8
The synthesis and biological evaluation of novel series of nitrile-containing fluoroquinolones as antibacterial agents.
AID571912Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii zeta clonal group isolate 20 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aacC2 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID572523Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Salmonella enterica serovar Corvallis isolate s2052 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID285511Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter sp.2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID545843Antimicrobial activity against ESBL-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID546052Antimicrobial activity against Proteus stuartii by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID557144Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1135121 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID573389Antibacterial activity against Pasteurella multocida assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID629455AUC (infinity) in Staphylococcus aureus ARC516 infected in CD1 mouse neutropenic thigh infection model at 20 mg/kg, ip qd by LC-MS/MS analysis2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-24, Volume: 54, Issue:22
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II: broad-spectrum antibacterial agents with reduced hERG activity.
AID574439Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID1395474Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 12-33 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID524698Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter freundii clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID1355049Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolate 15 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID498360Antimicrobial activity against rifampin resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 52145R assessed as growth inhibition by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Klebsiella pneumoniae AcrAB efflux pump contributes to antimicrobial resistance and virulence.
AID559514Antibacterial activity against non-levofloxacin susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID678793TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OCT2A-expressing HEK293 cells2002Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, Jul, Volume: 13, Issue:7
cDNA cloning, functional characterization, and tissue distribution of an alternatively spliced variant of organic cation transporter hOCT2 predominantly expressed in the human kidney.
AID1436849Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter freundii ATCC 43864 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID675085Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 10-4 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID1152379Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus after 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 24, Issue:12
Synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of novel pyrimidine-benzimidazol combinations.
AID545845Antimicrobial activity against Morganella morganii by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID1596945Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as post antibiotic effect time at 10 times MIC incubated for 1 hr followed by compound washout and measured at 1 hr intervals (Rvb = 0 hrs)
AID1256543Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-4 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1436812Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID571844Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID508369Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring erm(B) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID544683Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID572521Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Salmonella enterica serovar Montevideo isolate s2209 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID279559Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae strains causing clinical infections2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Diversity of ampicillin resistance genes and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in Korea.
AID1297342Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID565019Bactericidal activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sciuri after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID391989Antibacterial activity against Lactococcus lactis IL-1419 by twofold dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Role of a qnr-like gene in the intrinsic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis to fluoroquinolones.
AID524982Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sanguinis clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1905250Invivo antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 infected in BALB/c mouse model assessed as reduction of bacterial load in kidney at 100 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured after 24 hrs by colony counting based analysis2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-14, Volume: 65, Issue:7
Spermine-Conjugated Short Proline-Rich Lipopeptides as Broad-Spectrum Intracellular Targeting Antibacterial Agents.
AID565291Antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma hominis by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
In vitro activity of a new quinoline derivative, ER-2, against clinical isolates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma hominis.
AID573391Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Providencia sp. by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID541528Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus haemolyticus clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID613790Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 08-7 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID278924Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
In vitro antibacterial activity of the pyrrolopyrazolyl-substituted oxazolidinone RWJ-416457.
AID511388Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID1217708Time dependent inhibition of CYP2D6 (unknown origin) at 100 uM by LC/MS system2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID1652709Induction of Escherichia coli K12 MG1655 sulA promotor measured at 30 mins interval for 20 hrs by fluorescence assay relative to control
AID560522Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate gz07030 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID531589Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID285707Antibacterial activity against oxacillin and levofloxacin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1408199Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 13-substituted cycloberberine derivatives as a novel class of anti-MRSA agents.
AID456051Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus DNA gyrase Ser84Leu mutant2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 17, Issue:19
Design, synthesis and biological evaluations of novel 7-[3-(1-aminocycloalkyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-6-desfluoro-8-methoxyquinolones with potent antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
AID523045Antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID342433Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK677 with gyrA Ser81Leu, Ser114Gly, gyrB Ser494Thr, parC Ser52Gly, Asp83Tyr, Asn91Asp and parE Arg447Ser mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID558607Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1384 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID675062Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 10-13 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID271592Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli EC20262006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID565079Antibacterial activity against community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 147 by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Pharmacodynamic profile of tigecycline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental pneumonia model.
AID1695921Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris ATCC 299052019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID285777Antibacterial activity against Prevotella buccae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID533860Antibacterial activity against nonpigmented rapidly growing Mycobacterium porcinum after 3 days by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activities of tigecycline and 10 other antimicrobials against nonpigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria.
AID1398598Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID523047Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID544933Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter junii clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID559771Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type II vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate 4sy39 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID1180565Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis by broth microdilution/CLSI method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 57, Issue:14
Optimization of pyrrolamide topoisomerase II inhibitors toward identification of an antibacterial clinical candidate (AZD5099).
AID531574Antibacterial activity against Aerococcus viridans obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID531424Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 33 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID278670Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 57352007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm.
AID560264Cmax in mouse at 60 mg/kg, administered as single dose through aerosol2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID373048Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate FZ84 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID556018Antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori infected in human assessed as bacterial eradication rate at 500 mg, po BID for 10 days by 13C-urea breath test2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Sitafloxacin and garenoxacin may overcome the antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori with gyrA mutation.
AID573785Antibacterial activity against Prevotella intermedia by by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID279140Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1011 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID529481Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 18 containing PFGE genetic clone A expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID559071Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID544930Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter johnsonii clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID559152Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630d selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID279271Antibacterial activity against azithromycin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 2527 after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID524715Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID574431Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 540 expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, TEM and PFGE cluster 4 isolated from synovial fluid of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID537934Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 08-22 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID508374Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring mutation in 23S rRNA after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID577217Ratio of MIC for wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 to Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 horboring yaaA mutant gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
The development of ciprofloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves multiple response stages and multiple proteins.
AID404277Antibacterial activity against quinoline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus OITI MR1-1002 isolate after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID562368Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus Group G clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID573352Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Escherichia coli by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID577223Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 harboring gabD::ISphoA/haha mutation by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
The development of ciprofloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves multiple response stages and multiple proteins.
AID556213Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1889640 A-Z isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID597983Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris 562011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID342418Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK574 with gyrA Ser114Gly, Leu155Val, gyrB Ile385Val, Met483Thr, Ser494Thr and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID584574Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate H expressing beta-lactamase OXA-58 isolated from tracheal secretion of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID519988Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial isolate2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID342236Antimicrobial activity against atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae L3 with parC Lys137Asn mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID544918Antimicrobial activity against Providencia stuartii clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID675064Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 10-13 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID571128Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID545555Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ERR8a selected at 8 times MIC of tomopenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID423252Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients with 3 to 5 years of age assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID1355053Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolate 13-21 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID573128Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID573345Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Citrobacter freundii assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID521802Antimicrobial activity against Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
In vitro susceptibility of isolates of Francisella tularensis types A and B from North America.
AID425964Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3274 after 48 passages with Telithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID559047Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID542506Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, N87, parC I80 and parE A548 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID531564Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID558581Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID1243283Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID1869530Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase-producing Morganella morganii ATCC25830 measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID497943Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID516159Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates by CLSi method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activity of telavancin against a contemporary worldwide collection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
AID496644Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1058 by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID781329pKa (acid-base dissociation constant) as determined by other workers2014Pharmaceutical research, Apr, Volume: 31, Issue:4
Comparison of the accuracy of experimental and predicted pKa values of basic and acidic compounds.
AID294456Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli NCTC 12900 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID1243589Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium 12-3 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID285973Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae D4 isolate with GyrA Ser84Tyr, ParC Glu88Lys and AcrR Leu31His, Ile121Val and Gln134Lys mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID285705Antibacterial activity against oxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID531626Antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Comparative in vitro activities of the investigational fluoroquinolone DC-159a and other antimicrobial agents against human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas.
AID244972Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 196152005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1240510Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae DU31158 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
N-Lipidated Peptide Dimers: Effective Antibacterial Agents against Gram-Negative Pathogens through Lipopolysaccharide Permeabilization.
AID278928Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma pneumoniae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
In vitro antibacterial activity of the pyrrolopyrazolyl-substituted oxazolidinone RWJ-416457.
AID1380679Antibacterial activity against quinolone resistant Acinetobacter baumannii by broth microdilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10
Discovery and Optimization of Indolyl-Containing 4-Hydroxy-2-Pyridone Type II DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors Active against Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria.
AID444054Oral bioavailability in human2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID1653578Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium leprae assessed as fractional inhibitory concentration index at 0.1875 ug/ml in presence of 0.0125 ug/ml KRM-1648 measured at 4 weeks2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID373005Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N018 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as liver bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID1256553Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-3 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID559075Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID498131Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA861 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID524984Antibacterial activity against penicillin susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1069646Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of novel 1,2,4-triazolo [3,4-a] phthalazine derivatives.
AID529903Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira kirschneri serovar Grippotyphosa isolate 13 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID395718Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B containing ORI23::qnr-cat promoter mutant by twofold dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Role of a qnr-like gene in the intrinsic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis to fluoroquinolones.
AID533881Antibacterial activity against cefotaxime-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID573144Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus viridans assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID495324Antimicrobial activity against Beta-lactamase-positive, ampicillin-cluvulanate-resistant Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Antimicrobial resistance in Haemophilus influenzae respiratory tract isolates in Korea: results of a nationwide acute respiratory infections surveillance.
AID736555Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 259222013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID571345Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID577004Antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 assessed as viable bacterial count by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
The development of ciprofloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves multiple response stages and multiple proteins.
AID548522Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID1163986Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID559189Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5B harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID565006Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID285525Antibacterial activity against Neisseria meningitidis after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID501602Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 08-52 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID573371Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Serratia marcescens assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1901691Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv measured by MABA assay2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 231Identification of thiophene-benzenesulfonamide derivatives for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
AID544681Antimicrobial activity against AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1261277Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 19615 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID425766Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 3583 expressing mefA and harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, D83N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I462008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID561402Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP122 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID509867Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii isolate 2824 isolated from human urine2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acinetobacter baumannii increases tolerance to antibiotics in response to monovalent cations.
AID556749Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1821386 B-D isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID561513Antibacterial activity against Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus group B by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID728926Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus FDA 209-P after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1685380Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate CAN-ICU 63169 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID565040Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sciuri assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID373650Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by agar dilution CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Antistaphylococcal activity of CG400549, a new experimental FabI inhibitor, compared with that of other agents.
AID530122Antimicrobial activity against hospital acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 149 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Pharmacodynamic characterization of ceftobiprole in experimental pneumonia caused by phenotypically diverse Staphylococcus aureus strains.
AID580414Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as diarrhea at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID545819Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID404935Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolate by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID422645Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3676 after 14 passages with Telithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID1546143Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus assessed as zone of inhibition at 0.001 mol/cm32019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184Current scenario of tetrazole hybrids for antibacterial activity.
AID541054Ratio of Cmax to MIC for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 in Albino guiena pig model of foreign-body infection at 10 mg/kg, ip2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Linezolid alone or combined with rifampin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental foreign-body infection.
AID498187Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia D457 containing chromosomally encoded Smqnr gene by epsilon test2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
SmQnr contributes to intrinsic resistance to quinolones in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID532395Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone A3 isolate NA-14X-34 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID582499Antimicrobial activity against log phase culture of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 by macrodilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID1261259Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID524704Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID534087Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID573823Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Clostridium paraputrificum by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID535359Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens in Spain: latest data and changes over 11 years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007).
AID285741Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter diversus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID544836Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1050 harboring gyrA Ser81Phe mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1297339Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 14-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID576353Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis UW-36 serovar J infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID1474723Antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240 after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
Novel bioactive molecules from Lentzea violacea strain AS 08 using one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) approach.
AID543805Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pyogenes VT 59 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 1 to 10 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID523030Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID1780453Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes isolates by CLSI method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20
Optimization of TopoIV Potency, ADMET Properties, and hERG Inhibition of 5-Amino-1,3-dioxane-Linked Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors: Identification of a Lead with
AID565015Bactericidal activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus simulans after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID584494Antibacterial activity against porin deficient OmpA positive extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj1 revertant by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID528722Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus viridans clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID1256562Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 19615 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1406183Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID559081Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1273937Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 assessed as 24 hrs pre-established biofilm viable cell count after 20 hrs (Rvb = 1.4 x 10'10 +/- 2.6 x 10'9 CFU/ml)2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID681639TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 250 uM, Levofloxacin: 5000 uM) in Xenopus laevis oocytes1999Biochimica et biophysica acta, Mar-04, Volume: 1417, Issue:2
Molecular mechanisms of organic cation transport in OCT2-expressing Xenopus oocytes.
AID278927Antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
In vitro antibacterial activity of the pyrrolopyrazolyl-substituted oxazolidinone RWJ-416457.
AID374112Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant aac(6')-Ib-cr expressing Escherichia coli J53 qnrA1 bearing pHS6 transconjugant from Escherichia coli 650 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Prevalence and expression of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID535340Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens in Spain: latest data and changes over 11 years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007).
AID541814Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus hirae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1411660Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 after 24 hrs2017MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 8, Issue:11
The synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-phenylaminomethylene-cyclohexane-1,3-diones as specific anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID285776Antibacterial activity against Prevotella bivia2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID521803Antimicrobial activity against Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
In vitro susceptibility of isolates of Francisella tularensis types A and B from North America.
AID559077Antibacterial activity against non-ciprofloxacin-susceptible Haemophilus influenzae by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID278271Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS38 tolC::Kan with GyrA D87G mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID450459Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens after 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Interaction of drug based binuclear mixed-ligand complexes with DNA.
AID565017Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sciuri assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID571920Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii zeta clonal group isolate 24 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aadA1, aacA4, aacC2, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID1254974Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15846 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID1494120Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 12697 after 16 hrs by microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aryldiketo acids with enhanced antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial strains.
AID558697Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253 expressing tcdA and tcdB gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID564805Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID508387Antibacterial activity against macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes harboring mef(A) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID577230Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii AB110 with PFGE subgroup C containing carbapenemase OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID542500Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID541071Tmax in cage fluid of Albino guiena pig at 10 mg/kg, ip2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Linezolid alone or combined with rifampin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental foreign-body infection.
AID301560Antibacterial activity against Salmonella citrobacter 48107 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 7-(substituted)-aminomethyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid derivatives.
AID531590Antibacterial activity against Providencia stuartii obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID323890Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Escherichia coli J53/p1960 expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID557169Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 2297262-9 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID573824Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Clostridium septicum by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID286132Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49619 with parC S79Y mutation at fAUC/MIC of 79 after 24 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID510163Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID560087Bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 1019 at 1/4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID573375Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1780457Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates by CLSI method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20
Optimization of TopoIV Potency, ADMET Properties, and hERG Inhibition of 5-Amino-1,3-dioxane-Linked Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors: Identification of a Lead with
AID278601Inhibitory activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 T07-0062007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AID523035Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID556469Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1821386 B-D isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID688668Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after overnight incubation by broth microdilution method2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Biologically active dibenzofurans from Pilidiostigma glabrum, an endemic Australian Myrtaceae.
AID559544Antibacterial activity against non-levofloxacin susceptible Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1411649Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv after 14 days by broth dilution method2017MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 8, Issue:11
The synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-phenylaminomethylene-cyclohexane-1,3-diones as specific anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID279260Antibacterial activity against azithromycin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 1077 with 23S rRNA A2058G mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID559049Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus haemolyticus by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID529490Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 354 containing PFGE genetic clone B expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID509638Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli HB1012010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Characterization of small ColE-like plasmids mediating widespread dissemination of the qnrB19 gene in commensal enterobacteria.
AID541549Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID559529Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID523025Antimicrobial activity against linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID531588Antibacterial activity against Proteus penneri obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID207998Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus (MSCR; Methicillin sensitive, ciprofloxacin resistant) MI3392003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID573311Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ2 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID1256568Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 14-6 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID368421Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli KAM32 pSTV28 containing chloramphenicol-resistant vector by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID405818Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter sp. 5248 isolate harboring bla IMP-1 carrying integron In86 containing aminoglycoside resistance gene aac(6')-32007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Characterization of an integron carrying blaIMP-1 and a new aminoglycoside resistance gene, aac(6')-31, and its dissemination among genetically unrelated clinical isolates in a Brazilian hospital.
AID565037Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID529194Antibacterial activity against AmpC-producing Escherichia coli isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Comparison of antimicrobial resistance profiles among extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and acquired AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from Canadian intensive care units.
AID559626Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate assessed as resistant isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID571925Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 3-AG300 harboring AcrB-G616N mutant gene2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Site-directed mutagenesis reveals amino acid residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB that confer macrolide resistance.
AID597910Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 08-492011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1163991Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli 12-15 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID275450Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-25, Volume: 50, Issue:2
Isothiazoloquinolones with enhanced antistaphylococcal activities against multidrug-resistant strains: effects of structural modifications at the 6-, 7-, and 8-positions.
AID1180567Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium by broth microdilution/CLSI method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 57, Issue:14
Optimization of pyrrolamide topoisomerase II inhibitors toward identification of an antibacterial clinical candidate (AZD5099).
AID565319Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M2321 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID528818Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolated from ICU patient blood assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID573385Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase-positive Moraxella catarrhalis by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID544740Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E370 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID544762Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E410 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID1678765Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 using cyrene as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID736562Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis isolate 12-22013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID498108Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1054 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID285522Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID1143631Antibacterial activity against Shigella sonnei ATCC 15305 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by micro dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID565320Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M2341 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID561515Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID586749Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrB gene and pBK-QnrB1 assessed as resistant colonies recovered one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID541498Antimicrobial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID562370Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus Group G clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID285288Effect on 4 ug/ml levofloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 334 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID558616Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 2880 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID285786Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus viridans2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID541504Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase-producing Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID548471Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus Mu50 after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Contribution of vraSR and graSR point mutations to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
AID553806Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 001 expressing gyrB Glu466Lys mutant grown on fluoroquinolone-containing medium after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Effects of exposure of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 027 and 001 to fluoroquinolones in a human gut model.
AID522687Antibacterial activity against gyrA05, parC05 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA D142N mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID575948Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Distribution of serotypes, genotypes, and resistance determinants among macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates.
AID423249Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients with 15 to 64 years of age after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID1243286Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID372369Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1/CAZ mutant in presence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide by CLSI broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID757894Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 23, Issue:14
Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel AHL analogues.
AID511392Antibacterial activity against Levofloxacin susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID244988Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 63032005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1408198Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 16-1 clinical isolate after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 13-substituted cycloberberine derivatives as a novel class of anti-MRSA agents.
AID1591968Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 16-30 assessed as prevention of visible bacterial growth incubated for 18 hrs by broth dilution method2019Journal of natural products, 08-23, Volume: 82, Issue:8
Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Cervinomycins B
AID323886Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Escherichia coli J53/pMG252 expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID285506Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID498302Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1054 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID524406Antibacterial activity against Enterobacteriaceae by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Worldwide experience with the use of doripenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: analysis of six phase 3 clinical studies.
AID545574Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PMR2a to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 156922009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID559631Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii clinical isolate by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID565016Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sciuri after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID529196Antibacterial activity against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Comparison of antimicrobial resistance profiles among extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and acquired AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from Canadian intensive care units.
AID545434Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive Escherichia coli obtained from patient with complicated intra-abdominal infection assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID285961Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae A4 isolate with GyrA Glu83Cys, ParC Ser84Arg and AcrR 97stop codon mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID558799Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-expressing Klebsiella oxytoca assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Emergence of high levels of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in the Asia-Pacific region: data from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program, 2007.
AID559425Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate Y1 harboring qnrB19 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID212031In vivo minimum lethal dose causing lethality to >/=66% of the mice tested i.v.2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-18, Volume: 13, Issue:16
Conformationally-restricted analogues of efflux pump inhibitors that potentiate the activity of levofloxacin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1311353Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli NCIM 2256 by broth dilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of novel ethyl 2-(2-(4-substituted)acetamido)-4-subtituted-thiazole-5-carboxylate derivatives.
AID406608Cmin in albino guinea pig cage fluid at 5 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured after 12 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of a novel rifamycin derivative, ABI-0043, against Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental model of foreign-body infection.
AID497947Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID733486Antimicrobial activity against methicillin- and quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ARC5172013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Sulfonylpiperidines as novel, antibacterial inhibitors of Gram-positive thymidylate kinase (TMK).
AID518799Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium fortuitum after 3 days by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activities of DC-159a, a novel fluoroquinolone, against Mycobacterium species.
AID1355059Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 13-18 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID498132Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5020 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID342252Drug level in Clostridium difficile infected CF1 mouse stool at 0.375 mg/day for 4 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID561727Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID1141101Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 24 to 48 hrs by two-fold broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10
Exploring 5-nitrofuran derivatives against nosocomial pathogens: synthesis, antimicrobial activity and chemometric analysis.
AID519990Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis nosocomial isolate2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID542520Antimicrobial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolate by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Relationships among ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and norfloxacin MICs for fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID571372Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1329018Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae PBS1399 infected in mouse assessed as protection against bacterial infection by measuring mouse survival administered intravenously as single dose after 2 hrs of infection measured on day 72016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 24, Issue:24
Discovery, pharmacology, and clinical profile of omadacycline, a novel aminomethylcycline antibiotic.
AID68554Minimum inhibitory concentration against Enterococcus faecium STD442003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID573382Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase-positive Haemophilus influenzae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID422651Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3665 after 26 passages with clarithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID520403Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Antistreptococcal activity of AR-709 compared to that of other agents.
AID564829Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sciuri after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID558595Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 7 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID606017Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Streptothricin derivatives from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID87939In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against growth of Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504.1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-18, Volume: 8, Issue:16
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7-(2-aminoalkyl)morpholinoquinolones as anti-Helicobacter pylori agents.
AID544858Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae H548 clinical isolate harboring gyrA Ser81Phe mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID423239Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients assessed as susceptible isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID523034Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID586651Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrA gene and pBK-QnrA1 assessed as mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID524699Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID545561Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli EIR4a selected at 4 times MIC of imipenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID424617Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus AIS2006049 isolated from patients arm wound by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with Inc18-like vanA plasmids in Michigan.
AID561250Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S17 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
AFN-1252, a FabI inhibitor, demonstrates a Staphylococcus-specific spectrum of activity.
AID573323Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ6 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA, qnrS2, aac(6')-Ib-cr gene by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID278261Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS14 gyrA+ with GyrA D87G mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID545838Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus viridans group clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID498123Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1022 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID570923Antibacterial activity against hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID544852Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae CP1000 by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1445902Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium NCTC 12204 after 20 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Triaryl Benzimidazoles as a New Class of Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms.
AID374113Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Prevalence and expression of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID545571Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PIR2a selected at 2 times MIC of imipenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID675086Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10-12 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID508379Antibacterial activity against macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring erm(B) and mef(A) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID545830Antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID1678776Solubility of compound in DMSO at 0.1 M in presence of hexa-fluorobenzene by 19F-NMR analysis2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID518015Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro activity of fidaxomicin (OPT-80) tested against contemporary clinical isolates of Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp.
AID545832Antimicrobial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID323911Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 with rplC G152D, D159Y and G155R mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID501603Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID597975Antibacterial activity against Shigella sonnei 515922011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID544684Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1297341Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID558088Antimicrobial activity against Ureaplasma urealyticum isolated from human by two fold serial dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas to a new investigational ketolide, CEM-101.
AID560090Bactericidal activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 5420 at 1/4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID560508Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate b3k5923 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID540213Half life in human after iv administration2008Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID544867Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1060 harboring gyrA Ser81Phe parC Asp83His mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID323875Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae 1960 GyrA Ser83Phe/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID499680Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 19418 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID1398604Antibacterial activity against quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli DNS5101 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID605954Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv after 14 days by broth dilution method2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Streptothricin derivatives from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID559501Antibacterial activity against non-ciprofloxacin-susceptible and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID511305Antibacterial activity against methicillin resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID546057Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia cepacia by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID1398595Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID1557259Antitubercular activity against resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis harboring gyrA Asp94Asn mutant incubated for 28 days by absolute concentration method2019MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 10, Issue:8
Drug-resistance in
AID285279Effect on 0.06 ug/ml DQ113-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 335 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID456049Selectivity ratio of IC50 for Staphylococcus aureus DNA topoisomerase 4 Ser80Phe mutant to IC50 for Staphylococcus aureus wild type DNA topoisomerase 42009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 17, Issue:19
Design, synthesis and biological evaluations of novel 7-[3-(1-aminocycloalkyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-6-desfluoro-8-methoxyquinolones with potent antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
AID285308Susceptibility of methicillin-sensitive/resistant Staphylococcus aureus single-step mutant by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID428831Ratio of Cmax in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-239582007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID576350Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis Ic Cal-8 serovar D infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID521825Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactam resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate by broth dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Clonal spread of highly beta-lactam-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Taiwan.
AID520961Antimicrobial activity against Corynebacterium urealyticum isolates by CLSI M45-A protocol based microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Activity of Tigecycline against Coryneform Bacteria of Clinical Interest and Listeria monocytogenes.
AID671561Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus VL-1372012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 55, Issue:2
Fluorocyclines. 2. Optimization of the C-9 side-chain for antibacterial activity and oral efficacy.
AID565315Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium TW48-5G by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID1297325Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID559086Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1243287Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID290343Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone resistance Streptococcus pneumoniae SP37652007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8
The synthesis and biological evaluation of novel series of nitrile-containing fluoroquinolones as antibacterial agents.
AID524709Antibacterial activity against Providencia rettgeri clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID573379Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase-negative Haemophilus influenzae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID271590Antibacterial activity against Providencia rettgeri PR92006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID342425Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK651 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID424319Antimicrobial activity against Dialister pneumosintes by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID531578Antibacterial activity against Lactococcus lactis obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID564816Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID1297350Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID520409Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-susceptible Streptococcus sp. 'group A' by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Antistreptococcal activity of AR-709 compared to that of other agents.
AID559061Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus anginosus by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID582501Cmax in Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 infected Wistar rat tissue cage fluid at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID510167Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae RSKK 574 by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID545449Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive Klebsiella oxytoca assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID1079937Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID531581Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter freundii obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID548796Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus assessed as percent resistant isolate by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID528838Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus sp. assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID529830Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as susceptible isolates by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
In vitro activity of tigecycline against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and selection of tigecycline-amikacin synergy.
AID323040Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent resistant isolates2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Predictors of mortality in patients with bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: importance of inadequate initial antimicrobial treatment.
AID545821Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID1163989Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli 12-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID573328Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ19 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA, aac(6')-Ib-cr gene by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID574790Antimycobacterial activity against extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate 2301 obtained from sputum of patient at 2 ug/ml by Bactec MGIT960 modified proportion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Emergence and molecular characterization of extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from the Delhi Region in India.
AID1254972Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa IFO3445 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID1240511Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae DB55301 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
N-Lipidated Peptide Dimers: Effective Antibacterial Agents against Gram-Negative Pathogens through Lipopolysaccharide Permeabilization.
AID541781Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID372323Antibacterial activity against hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 12-09-15 by CLSI broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID572514Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Corvallis isolate s2064 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID499678Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID559066Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus oralis by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID565310Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium G37 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID573147Antibacterial activity against penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus viridans assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID544840Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 Tr1 harboring parC Ser79Tyr mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID565330Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M6284 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID576344Bactericidal activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar F infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID559073Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter koseri by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1417165Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR119 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID285767Antibacterial activity against Clostridium difficile2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID318667Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma pneumoniae Mac by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID559516Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus anginosus assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID593808Antimicrobial activity against quinilone-pencillin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID511398Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID535897Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Citrobacter freundii JS33 harboring GyrA T83I mutant, wild-type ParC, GyrB, qnrA and qnrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID544838Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1266 harboring gyrA Ser81Cys mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID501601Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID544853Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 Tr6 harboring gyrA Ser81Phe mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID423259Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected female patients assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID528498Antimicrobial activity against low level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus JCSC 6767 expressing gyrA Glu84Lys and grlA Ser80Phe mutants by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID560058Antimicrobial activity against ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1473740Inhibition of human MRP3 overexpressed in Sf9 insect cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 10 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID573825Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Clostridium tertium by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID557805Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pHS12 carrying TTG to TTA substituted qnrC gene by CLSI agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis.
AID573305Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ13 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID285747Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID433818Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae Spn-RC2 infected in one-compartment pharmacodynamic system assessed as regrowth of bacteria administered at simulated at 750 mg dosage regimen every 12 hrs measured on day 32007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID369228Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent resistant isolates by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Serotypes, Clones, and Mechanisms of Resistance of Erythromycin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates Collected in Spain.
AID545820Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID573380Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase-negative Haemophilus influenzae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID499771Antimicrobial activity against quinolone and penicillin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID559042Antibacterial activity against vancomycin- resistant Enterococcus faecalis by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1562760Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC13437 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID1706871Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR119 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID425341Antibacterial activity against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID556480Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 1949822 B-J isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID559045Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1695912Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 7006032019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID573122Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative and oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID278602Inhibitory activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 03-2222007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AID544915Antimicrobial activity against Providencia rettgeri clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1311230Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-32016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID545825Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID520956Antimicrobial activity against Corynebacterium amycolatum isolates by CLSI M45-A protocol based microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Activity of Tigecycline against Coryneform Bacteria of Clinical Interest and Listeria monocytogenes.
AID285784Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus salivarius2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID582520Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 tissue cage Wistar rat infected model assessed as bacterial load reduction at 50 mg/kg/day, ip treated for 7 days measured 24 hrs after last dose (Rvb = 6.8 +/-0.8 logCF2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID496651Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1058 assessed as mutant prevention concentration by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID569536Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 10-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1445940Bactericidal activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 12201 assessed as time required to kill bacteria by <3 log10CFU/ml at 4 times MIC by Miles Misra dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Triaryl Benzimidazoles as a New Class of Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms.
AID559542Antibacterial activity against non-ciprofloxacin-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID572128Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii nu clonal group isolate 31 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aadB, aadA2 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID524707Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID560271Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa NH57388A infected in Swiss neutropenic mouse assessed as lung bacterial load at 60 mg/kg, ip BID administered 24 hrs post infection (Rvb = 8.89 logCFU)2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID532414Antibacterial activity against IMP-13 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone C2 isolate NA-14X-02 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID553691Antimicrobial activity against Lactobacillus in three-stage chemostat gut model assessed as log reduction in bacterial count at 63 mg/liter administered daily for 7 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Effects of exposure of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 027 and 001 to fluoroquinolones in a human gut model.
AID1127583Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 NCTC 7466 expressing GyrA S81F/ParC S79Y double mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method wild type Streptococcus pneumo2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID560514Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type IV vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate 06b41 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID575076Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID372994Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium intracellular JATA52-01 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as liver bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dos2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID279872Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 3.9 uM prochlorperazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID433802Free AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in one-compartment pharmacodynamic system administered at simulated oral dose regimen of 500 mg in human for 10 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID279871Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 7.8 uM prochlorperazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID523041Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID209278Antimicrobial activity against the streptococcus pyogenes 2548 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID1240506Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli DS17232 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
N-Lipidated Peptide Dimers: Effective Antibacterial Agents against Gram-Negative Pathogens through Lipopolysaccharide Permeabilization.
AID543797Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID573563Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Bacteroides vulgatus by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID574948Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID544963Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae expressing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and beta-lactamase AmpC by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID542517Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, Y87, parC I80, G84 and parE A458 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID374535Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 3 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID1079942Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID571368Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1079943Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID1915529Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209Comprehensive review for anticancer hybridized multitargeting HDAC inhibitors.
AID559080Antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1596888Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10186 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID532413Antibacterial activity against IMP-13 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone C1 isolate AV-13X-28 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID557807Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pHS12 carrying ATT to TTA substituted qnrC gene by CLSI agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis.
AID565752Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID572524Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Salmonella enterica serovar Stanley isolate s2018 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID278236Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-2 with GyrA S83F, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID531555Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus haemolyticus obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID1557261Antitubercular activity against resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis harboring gyrA Asp94Tyr mutant incubated for 28 days by absolute concentration method2019MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 10, Issue:8
Drug-resistance in
AID562380Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium expressing VanB gene clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1759117Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 by agar method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41Design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of PFK-158 derivatives as potent agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID285796Antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli Vogel infected orally dosed CD1 mouse model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID524425Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates isolated from patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as cure rate at test-of-cure visit by mMITT analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Worldwide experience with the use of doripenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: analysis of six phase 3 clinical studies.
AID544685Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID570694Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID518796Antimycobacterial activity against drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis after 21 days by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activities of DC-159a, a novel fluoroquinolone, against Mycobacterium species.
AID541525Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID586641Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID41268In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Bacteroides fragilis (ATCC 25285)1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9
Synthesis and bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitory properties of a spirocyclopropylquinolone derivative.
AID564834Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus hominis assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID1311227Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 14-52016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID558930Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422f selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID559142Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422i harboring GyrA Asp81Asn mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1380682Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii by broth microdilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10
Discovery and Optimization of Indolyl-Containing 4-Hydroxy-2-Pyridone Type II DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors Active against Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria.
AID285717Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus bovis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID323882Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Escherichia coli DH10B expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID511302Antibacterial activity against methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID537942Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 09-35 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID528831Antimicrobial activity against CTX-M ESBL producing Escherichia coli isolated from ICU patient wound assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID557157Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1889645 B-I isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID573367Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Proteus mirabilis by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID576017Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RDN1 harboring cloned pTZ2162-encoded QacBIII gene by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Fluoroquinolone efflux by the plasmid-mediated multidrug efflux pump QacB variant QacBIII in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1406200Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis 13-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID285757Antibacterial activity against Shigella sonnei2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1464092Antimycobacterial activity against isoniazid/rifampicin/ethambutol-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis G122 assessed as inhibition of mycobacterial growth incubated for 2 weeks by MABA method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives with antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity.
AID425556Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 441 expressing ermB by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID565324Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M6286 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID601790Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Klebsiella pneumoniae 09-23 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1365731Antitubercular activity against rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv RIF-R2 ATCC 35828 after 5 days2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 25, Issue:21
The antitubercular activity of various nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based compounds.
AID509634Antibacterial activity against ampicillin tetracycline trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli isolate Y6-7 carrying qnrB19 gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Characterization of small ColE-like plasmids mediating widespread dissemination of the qnrB19 gene in commensal enterobacteria.
AID558786Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Emergence of high levels of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in the Asia-Pacific region: data from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program, 2007.
AID755688Binding affinity to human ERG Y652A tetrameric mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of tail current measured upon repolarization to -40 mV by patch clamp method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13
The synergic modeling for the binding of fluoroquinolone antibiotics to the hERG potassium channel.
AID496009Antimicrobial activity against tobramycin resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro potency of CXA-101, a novel cephalosporin, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa displaying various resistance phenotypes, including multidrug resistance.
AID557161Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1821385 B-C isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID372987Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium JATA51-01 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as lung bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID520965Antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes isolates by CLSI M45-A protocol based microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Activity of Tigecycline against Coryneform Bacteria of Clinical Interest and Listeria monocytogenes.
AID1596900Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID523028Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID279904Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 7.8 uM chlorpromazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID561342Antibacterial activity against Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus group A by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID1256544Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID530639Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CB812 harboring rpoB H481Y, gyrA S84L and gyrA S80F mutant genes by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1297324Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-19 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID285773Antibacterial activity against Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1254966Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris IFO3167 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID561840AUC in epithelial lining fluid of Swiss-Webster mouse infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 200 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in a murine pneumonia model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: determination of epithelial lining fluid targets.
AID576341Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar K infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID570929Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.12 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID556953Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1135121 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1273927Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 incubated overnight by broth microdilution method2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID1416772Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2018MedChemComm, Jan-01, Volume: 9, Issue:1
Synthesis and
AID510159Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta lactamase expressing Proteus mirabilis by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID542775Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae D10 expressing aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB4, CTX-M-1G and DHA-1 genes by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
AID573376Antibacterial activity against imipenem-susceptible Acinetobacter by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1520443Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus after 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI-protocol based broth microdilution method
AID556918Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1134684 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID544909Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID564813Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID1143635Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by micro dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID564810Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus haemolyticus assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID571890Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii beta clonal group isolate 9 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID558880Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253a selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID736567Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolate 12-102013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID542778Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53 transformed with pHND2 carrying qnrB6 and CTX-M-9G genes by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
AID556709Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 2297262-9 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1273940Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 assessed as inhibition of 12 hrs pre-established biofilm formation at 0.064 umol/well after 20 hrs by visible spectrometric analysis2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID279901Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 62.5 uM chlorpromazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID1695873Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after overnight incubation by CLSI M7-A9 based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID629121Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 120 hrs by MTT asasy2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID203277Antimicrobial activity against the Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 P by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID562224Antimicrobial activity against Desulfovibrio piger by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Susceptibilities of 23 Desulfovibrio isolates from humans.
AID286068Half life at 500 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID544897Antimicrobial activity against AmpC- producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID369230Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent sensitive isolates by CLSI breakpoint method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Serotypes, Clones, and Mechanisms of Resistance of Erythromycin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates Collected in Spain.
AID1261265Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-16 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID524692Antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID1723733Oral bioavailability in human at 750 mg measured every 24 hrs2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 30, Issue:20
Novel C-7 carbon substituted fourth generation fluoroquinolones targeting N. Gonorrhoeae infections.
AID571684Antimicrobial activity against ESBL producing Escherichia coli isolated from patient bloodstream assessed as resistant isolate by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase- producing Escherichia coli: risk factors for inadequate initial antimicrobial therapy.
AID560066Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 5411 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID518803Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium chelonae after 3 days by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activities of DC-159a, a novel fluoroquinolone, against Mycobacterium species.
AID560079Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 1019 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID556705Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1780064 A-X isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID560060Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID567584Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
In vitro antimicrobial activity and mutant prevention concentration of colistin against Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID565731Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus Group G clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID244996Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 496192005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID560073Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 4073 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID556929Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1135121 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID576352Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis 580 serovar H infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID1698677Antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI method2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 28, Issue:22
Lead optimization of 8-(methylamino)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolines as bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID498128Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1036 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID544682Antimicrobial activity against AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Serratia marcescens clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID342226Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae L24 with gyrA Ser81Phe, gyrB Ser494Thr, parC Asp83Asn, Lys137Asn and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1459061Antitubercular activity against rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis ATCC 35828 after 5 days2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 125Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carboxamide hybrids: Design, synthesis and evaluation of anti-tubercular activity.
AID531559Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus saprophyticus obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID557155Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 2062717 B-P isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID535757Antimicrobial activity against community-acquired Escherichia coli expressing extended spectrum beta-lactamase obtained from patient with intra-abdominal infection assessed as susceptible isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in community- and hospital-associated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrob
AID1527483Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis NCIM-2063 assessed as reduction in microbial growth after 24 hrs by CLSI based broth dilution method2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185Structure-activity relationships (SAR) of triazine derivatives: Promising antimicrobial agents.
AID559051Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus lugdunensis by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID67549Antimicrobial activity against the enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID286100fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 at 875 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID508366Antibacterial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID556930Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID133954In vivo antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (Vogel) in mice administered subcutaneously1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9
Synthesis and bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitory properties of a spirocyclopropylquinolone derivative.
AID524824Antibacterial activity against erythromycin resistant Campylobacter sp. by agar plate dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli strains: in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents.
AID545828Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID545549Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ERR2a selected at 2 times MIC of tomopenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID559497Antibacterial activity against vancomycin- resistant Enterococcus faecalis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID498103Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5026 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID613789Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 08-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID629125Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli CIP 53126 after 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID1398591Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae J24 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID163102Minimum inhibitory concentration against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS962003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID1417164Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID543806Bactericidal activity against Acinetobacter baumannii VT 126 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs by serial dilution2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID1297333Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-16 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID342254Effect on growth of fluoroquinolone-resistant epidemic Clostridium difficile NAP1 in CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial density in cecal content at 0.375 mg/day, sc for 5 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID532193Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Citrobacter freundii TJ15T harboring wild-type GyrA, ParC, GyrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID556501Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 2297262-9 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID524979Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus intermedius clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1395496Antibacterial activity against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter aerogenes 11-4 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID520393Antibacterial activity against mef-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Polyclonal population structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Spain carrying mef and mef plus erm(B).
AID425337Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID520000Antimicrobial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID318648Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID728906Inhibition of human ERG expressed in CHOK1 cells at 100 uM2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID508376Antibacterial activity against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID522952Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
AID573134Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1706873Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10198 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID425336Antibacterial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID521842Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli J53 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States.
AID285763Antibacterial activity against Actinomyces sp.2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID323895Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae C2 GyrA Ser83Phe/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID573340Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Citrobacter freundii by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID279135Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1006 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID565735Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus Group C clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID285711Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus haemolyticus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1297346Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-39 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID422670Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1076 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID545833Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID1436818Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium ATCC 700221 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID1887548Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BAA 1605 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs in presence of PMBN by broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID559398Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630E harboring GyrA Ala118Val mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID573121Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative and oxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1685373Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate CAN-ICU 61589 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID286135Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49619 with parC S79Y mutation and gyrA E85G mutation at fAUC/MIC of 82 after 48 to 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID1143640Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538p2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID285298Effect on 0.5 ug/ml sitafloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 216 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID572130Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii nu clonal group isolate 32 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aadB, aadA2 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID541522Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID530636Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CB370 harboring rifampin-resistant rpoB H481Y mutant gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID532978Inhibition of DNA supercoiling activitysof Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA gyrase subunit A A90V mutant2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antituberculosis activities of ACH-702, a novel isothiazoloquinolone, against quinolone-susceptible and quinolone-resistant isolates.
AID562359Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID559528Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter koseri assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID559160Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630i harboring GyrB Asp26Val mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID675075Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 10-2 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID528723Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus constellatus clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID556234Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2297262-10 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1887543Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID496638Ratio of 50% mutant prevention concentration to MIC50 in Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 496192010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID559420Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca isolate M1 harboring qnrB19 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID559158Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630g harboring GyrB Asp26Val mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID532405Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone G isolate NA-14X-13 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID561398Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP99 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID571874Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.06 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID285517Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID1867247Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Helicobacter pylori HP159 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition incubated for 3 days by broth microdilution method
AID285725Antibacterial activity against VanB-resistant Enterococcus faecalis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID323872Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae N5 expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID531587Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID1695908Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 512992019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID548254Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Mu50omega after 24 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Contribution of vraSR and graSR point mutations to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
AID559546Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-susceptible Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID498084Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5043 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation by microtiter plate reader assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID206827Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus saprophyticus SS2762003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID601703Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID531562Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus warneri obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID546056Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella spp. by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID559507Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus saprophyticus assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID545841Antimicrobial activity against ESBL-negative Escherichia coli by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID1781722Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae BAA-1705 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID559622Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca clinical isolate by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID613785Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID544965Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis expressing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase by Etest based on single determinant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID576345Bactericidal activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar G infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID1243292Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID1417174Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus VRS4 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID323912Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 with rplC G152D, D159Y, G155R and H134N mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID1593373Inhibition of Pks13 D1644G/N1640K double mutant thioesterase domain in drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis V4207 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth by microplate alamar blue assay2019Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-11, Volume: 62, Issue:7
Identification of Novel Coumestan Derivatives as Polyketide Synthase 13 Inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Part II.
AID557146Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID559060Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID573590Antibacterial activity against Fusobacterium varium by by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID1691412Antibacterial activity against NDM-1 producing Escherichia coli ATCC 2469 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID548746Antimicrobial activity against viridans group Streptococcus assessed as percent susceptible isolate by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID1627514Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv INH-R1 harboring katG Y155 mutant after 5 days2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-14, Volume: 7, Issue:7
Dehydrozingerone Inspired Styryl Hydrazine Thiazole Hybrids as Promising Class of Antimycobacterial Agents.
AID574050Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Finegoldia magna by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID586751Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant assessed as resistant colonies recovered one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID757892Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 23, Issue:14
Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel AHL analogues.
AID540207Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 08-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID1416776Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2018MedChemComm, Jan-01, Volume: 9, Issue:1
Synthesis and
AID524003Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 15151 harboring ISAba1-blaOXA-66 gene by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Genetic basis of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter clinical isolates in Taiwan.
AID508382Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes harboring erm(B) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID1128836Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-8 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID1217727Intrinsic clearance for reactive metabolites formation per mg of protein in human liver microsomes based on [3H]GSH adduct formation rate at 100 uM by [3H]GSH trapping assay2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID423097Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID613788Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 08-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID539714Anticancer activity against human LoVo cells after 5 days by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24
Novel lipophilic 7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as potential antitumor agents: improved synthesis and in vitro evaluation.
AID1781719Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID392220Antibacterial activity against Lactococcus lactis IL-1419 containing ORI23 promoter by twofold dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Role of a qnr-like gene in the intrinsic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis to fluoroquinolones.
AID1256554Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-4 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID285800Antimicrobial activity against Bacteroides distasonis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID593803Antimicrobial activity against quinilone-pencillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate SAR 72 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID78715Inhibition constant against DNA Gyrase isolated from Micrococcus luteus1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID561390Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP106 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID372347Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1/MEM mutant by CLSI broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID425551Antibacterial activity against penicillin-, macrolide- and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 63 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID374536Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 4 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID425353Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 2538 harboring S81Y mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F, K137N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene showing efflux to ciproflox2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID524714Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter sp. by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID736551Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolate 12-12013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID285718Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sanguis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1652707Induction of Escherichia coli K12 MG1655 lexA promotor measured at 30 mins interval for 20 hrs by fluorescence assay relative to control
AID1626656Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 67-02016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14
Development of a Dual-Acting Antibacterial Agent (TNP-2092) for the Treatment of Persistent Bacterial Infections.
AID511396Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus viridans by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID556945Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1135121 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID562579Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus Group C clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID678715Inhibition of human CYP2D6 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 4-methylaminoethyl-7-methoxycoumarin as substrate after 30 mins2012Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10
Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID508367Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID584113Ratio of LD99 for Escherichia coli K-12 DM4100 to MIC for Escherichia coli K-12 DM41002010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
Effect of N-1/c-8 ring fusion and C-7 ring structure on fluoroquinolone lethality.
AID1596891Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR119 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID285738Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase negative Moraxella catarrhalis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID518804Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium abscessus after 3 days by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activities of DC-159a, a novel fluoroquinolone, against Mycobacterium species.
AID521841Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli J53 transconjugated with Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate VA375 containing qnrA1, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11genes by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States.
AID498094Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5020 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID424321Antimicrobial activity against Dialister pneumosintes assessed as susceptibility breakpoint by CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID542518Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Relationships among ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and norfloxacin MICs for fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID573355Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Escherichia coli by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID279561Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae BLNAS strains2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Diversity of ampicillin resistance genes and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in Korea.
AID374397Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID544848Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1060 harboring gyrA Ser81Phe parC Asp83His mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1781727Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BAA-1605 ssessed as bacterial growth inhibition in presence of outermembrane permeabilizer, PMBN incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID1695922Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis 13-12019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID322987Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae with 23S rRNA A2064G mutant isolate 22007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Activity of Garenoxacin against Macrolide-Susceptible and -Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
AID508370Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring mef(A) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID528511Bactericidal activity against levofloxacin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID285518Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID422944Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae harboring A2064G transition in domain V of 23S rRNA isolated from pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia after 10 to 14 days by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Increased macrolide resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
AID531457Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 35B assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID496637Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 assessed as 90% mutant prevention concentration2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID543802Bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 1 to 10 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID1143641Antibacterial activity against Shigella sonnei ATCC 153052014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID510504Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex isolate M3AC9-2 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID529491Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 649 containing PFGE genetic clone B expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID558083Antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolated from human by two fold serial dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas to a new investigational ketolide, CEM-101.
AID1773506Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate M-13 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID573329Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ1 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qnrB6 by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID1143653Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus sp. ATCC 6589 assessed as growth inhibition by measuring turbidity of medium at 6.25 to 100 ug/mL measured over 10 hrs by microplate reader analysis2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID570689Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID559046Antibacterial activity against non-ciprofloxacin-susceptible and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID279292Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parE D435N and gyrA S81Y mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID508377Antibacterial activity against macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring erm(B) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID559502Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID498090Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1036 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID556917Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949820 B-N isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID520407Antimicrobial activity against trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Antistreptococcal activity of AR-709 compared to that of other agents.
AID522679Antibacterial activity against gyrA04, parC14 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA S81F/ParC N91D mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID542781Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli Du19 expressing qnrB6 and CTX-M-9G genes by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
AID565030Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID294450Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14940 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID571385Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1436845Antibacterial activity against Providencia rettgeri ATCC 31052 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID604020Unbound drug concentration in Sprague-Dawley rat plasma administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr by LC-MS/MS method2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID575314Antimicrobial activity against Francisella tularensis SCHU S4 infected in common marmoset assessed as survival of marmoset at 16.5 mg/kg BID for 10 days measured on day 242010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID537924Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID1297338Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID582502Cmin in Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 infected Wistar rat tissue cage fluid at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID424332Antimicrobial activity against Dialister invisus assessed as susceptibility breakpoint by CA-SFM method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID559067Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus salivarius by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID323874Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae1960 GyrA Ser83Phe mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID562412Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus Group G clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID529640Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli T-622 harboring expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene to MIC for Escherichia coli HB1012008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID571768Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 3-AG300 harboring AcrB-I626M mutant gene2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Site-directed mutagenesis reveals amino acid residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB that confer macrolide resistance.
AID1380672Antibacterial activity against quinolone resistant Escherichia coli by broth microdilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10
Discovery and Optimization of Indolyl-Containing 4-Hydroxy-2-Pyridone Type II DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors Active against Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria.
AID1653097Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells by CCK8 assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 165Quinolone hybrids and their anti-cancer activities: An overview.
AID1380681Antibacterial activity against carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii by broth microdilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10
Discovery and Optimization of Indolyl-Containing 4-Hydroxy-2-Pyridone Type II DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors Active against Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria.
AID580496Drug related treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as nausea at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID573314Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ20 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID531573Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus intermedius obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID1887586Synergistic antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 24 hrs in presence of artocarpin by checkerboard method2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID1297335Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CMCC 26003 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID519987Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial isolate2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID510168Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta lactamase expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID531580Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter braakii obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID1395486Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 43560 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID1887540Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus NR 31903 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID278260Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS14 with GyrA D87G mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID556500Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2215767-10 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID529897Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Pyrogenes isolate 5 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID562399Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus Group F clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID532178Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae SY22 harboring GyrA S83I, ParC S80I mutant, wild-type GyrB and qnrS genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID529498Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli T-781 harboring expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID497760Apparent permeability across apical to basolateral side in human Calu3 cells in presence of 3 uM PSC-833 P-gp inhibitor2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Relative contributions of active mediated transport and passive diffusion of fluoroquinolones with various lipophilicities in a Calu-3 lung epithelial cell model.
AID559055Antibacterial activity against Lancefield Streptococcus sp. 'group C' by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1311229Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-22016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID535858Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae GZ40T harboring qnrB gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID278598Inhibitory activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 352007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AID559483Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1395508Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase deficient Klebsiella pneumoniae 7 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID545568Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli EMR2a to MIC for Escherichia coli NIHJ2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID562367Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus Group F clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1685375Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID545847Antimicrobial activity against Proteus rettgeri by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID556946Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID535876Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Citrobacter freundii JN1T by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID559082Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1261280Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 14-6 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID1846918Antibacterial activity against ESBL-producing multidrug resistant Escherichia coli assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID558602Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 33 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID571695Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii alpha clonal group isolate 4 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aacC1, aadA1 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID559625Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID1695914Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 278532019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID286131Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49619 with parC S79Y and gyrA S81Y mutation at fAUC/MIC of 55 after 48 to 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID299671Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus by disk diffusion method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Synthesis and evaluation of amphiphilic cationic quinine-derived for antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1887541Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae BAA 1705 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID425547Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 4026 harboring S81Y mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F, K137N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID556907Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1655646 A-Y isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID279235Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3009 with GyrA S81Y and ParC S79Y mutation after 18 passages by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID520698Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate DH10B by agar dilution CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Plasmid-mediated qepA gene among Escherichia coli clinical isolates from Japan.
AID531584Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID342427Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK680 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID423253Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients with 6 to 14 years of age assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID573358Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID520697Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B harboring p05283 carrying qepA and rmtB gene by agar dilution CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Plasmid-mediated qepA gene among Escherichia coli clinical isolates from Japan.
AID559053Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus warneri by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1504622Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 19434 by microbroth dilution method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-09, Volume: 8, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure.
AID1352292Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 145Bysspectin A, an unusual octaketide dimer and the precursor derivatives from the endophytic fungus Byssochlamys spectabilis IMM0002 and their biological activities.
AID511394Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID524705Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID528515Bactericidal activity against low level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 16 times MIC after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID524710Antibacterial activity against Salmonella sp. by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID1395491Antibacterial activity against new delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae 13-1 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID529904Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola isolate 11 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID560267Normalised AUC in mouse at 60 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID562593Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis expressing VanA gene clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID279208Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 19 by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID558899Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5b harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1562756Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae M6 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID560262Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID278232Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-1 GyrA S83F mutant2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID537931Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 08-12 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID564811Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus haemolyticus assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID605952Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Streptothricin derivatives from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID511395Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID573124Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative and oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1591969Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 assessed as prevention of visible bacterial growth incubated for 18 hrs by broth dilution method2019Journal of natural products, 08-23, Volume: 82, Issue:8
Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Cervinomycins B
AID497946Antibacterial activity against Alcaligenes xylosoxidans by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID498111Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1042 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID405466Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 containing pIP1206 plasmid in presence of 50 ug/ml efflux pump inhibitor phenyl-arginine-beta-naphthylamide by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID556486Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 2062716 B-R isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID425968Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 2527 after 14 passages with gemifloxacin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID584577Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate K expressing beta-lactamase OXA-58 isolated from blood culture of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID688540Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after overnight incubation by broth microdilution method2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Biologically active dibenzofurans from Pilidiostigma glabrum, an endemic Australian Myrtaceae.
AID1398618AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in cynomolgus monkey serum at 5 mg/kg, po2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID558593Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 5 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID1128841Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium ATCC 700221 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID342411Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK312 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID78543Inhibitory activity against quinolone resistant gyrase in Escherichia coli2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID279563Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae BLNAR strains2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Diversity of ampicillin resistance genes and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in Korea.
AID1242679Antibacterial activity against methicillin/levofloxacin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 156 in po dosed neutropenic CD1 mouse pneumonia model assessed as decrease in bacterial burden in lung administered as bid measured after 24 hrs2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-09, Volume: 6, Issue:7
Discovery and Characterization of a Water-Soluble Prodrug of a Dual Inhibitor of Bacterial DNA Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV.
AID1164006Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 12-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID496647Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1072 assessed as mutant prevention concentration by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID342432Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK29 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID571906Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii beta clonal group isolate 17 expressing ompA, adeB, adeM, aacA4, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID1887591Post antibiotic effect against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as time required for 1 log10 increase in CFU at 10 times MIC incubated for 1 hr followed by replacement with drug free medium and measured every 1 hr (Rvb = 2 hrs)2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID405461Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID532907Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 526 ST 376 expressing beta-lactamase SHV-1 by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID559078Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1128845Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-deficient Escherichia coli 1515 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID293150Antibacterial activity against quinoline-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 17, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new quinolone derivatives utilizing 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane.
AID528828Antimicrobial activity against ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from ICU patient blood assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID565032Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID528708Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate assessed as susceptibility level by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID556732Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2215767-10 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID586643Antibacterial activity against qnrA gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring ParC S80R mutant, ParC S80R mutant and pBK-QnrA1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID561392Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP111 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID422943Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae harboring A2063G transition in domain V of 23S rRNA isolated from pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia after 10 to 14 days by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Increased macrolide resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
AID523029Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus sp. by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID533662Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 harboring vgaAv positive plasmid CU12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic characterization of Vga ABC proteins conferring reduced susceptibility to pleuromutilins in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID508368Antibacterial activity against macrolide-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID683321Antibacterial activity against drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis 926 by microbroth dilution method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Three new 12-carbamoylated streptothricins from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID681983TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 5 uM, Levofloxacin: 2500 uM) in OCT2A-expressing HEK293 cells2002Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, Jul, Volume: 13, Issue:7
cDNA cloning, functional characterization, and tissue distribution of an alternatively spliced variant of organic cation transporter hOCT2 predominantly expressed in the human kidney.
AID557158Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1889647 B-H isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID541513Antimicrobial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID271607Antibacterial activity against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumonia SP37632006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID405468Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 containing pAT851 in presence of 40 ug/ml efflux pump inhibitor 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID433801Free drug level in one-compartment pharmacodynamic system at simulated oral dose regimen of 500 mg in human for 10 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID524986Antibacterial activity against penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1069645Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of novel 1,2,4-triazolo [3,4-a] phthalazine derivatives.
AID323871Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae UAB1 GyrA/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID425070Antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli M7943-TC2 bearing qnrB10 gene with aac(6)-Ib-cr-blaOXA-30 catB3-arr-3 integron in presence of IPTG2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Complex class 1 integrons with diverse variable regions, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, and a novel allele, qnrB10, associated with ISCR1 in clinical enterobacterial isolates from Argentina.
AID286058Peak free concentration at 1000 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID1416775Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2018MedChemComm, Jan-01, Volume: 9, Issue:1
Synthesis and
AID559510Antibacterial activity against Lancefield Streptococcus sp. 'group C' assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID559525Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1273943Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 assessed as killing of biofilm in 12 hrs pre-established biofilm at 0.064 umol/well after 20 hrs by fluorescence staining-based confocal microscopic analysis2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID279873Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 1000 uM promazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID286076Half life at 843.5 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID523043Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus viridans by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID425550Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible, quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 1072 expressing ermB and harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79Y mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V muta2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID529860Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa OCR1 to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID541784Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID577236Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB113 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID528825Antimicrobial activity against ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from ICU patient respiratory tract assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID1395512Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID544912Antimicrobial activity against Proteus vulgaris clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID559004Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae W001 harboring wild-type parC and gyrA genes2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID561395Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP115 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID247941Inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pneumoniae translation2005Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-02, Volume: 15, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 5-methoxy- and 5-hydroxy-6-fluoro-1,8-naphthyridone-3-carboxylic acid derivatives.
AID68553Minimum inhibitory concentration against Enterococcus faecium (VS; Vancomycin sensitive) EF12003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID541805Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus casseliflavus clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1818476Inhibition of biofilm formation in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as decrease in biofilm mass at 10 uM upon exposure to UV light irradiation and measured after 48 hrs by dilution plate coating method2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-13, Volume: 65, Issue:1
Light-Triggered Fluorescence Self-Reporting Nitric Oxide Release from Coumarin Analogues for Accelerating Wound Healing and Synergistic Antimicrobial Applications.
AID508388Antibacterial activity against macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes harboring erm(A) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID544677Antimicrobial activity against class A extended spectrum beta-lactamase- producing Escherichia coli clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID571107Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID535640Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype Ib C2 harboring E63K mutation in PBP 2A and L41S mutation in PBP 1B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID559154Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630f selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID580418Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as phlebitis at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID119810In vivo number of survivors on day 7 after administration (15 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID285284Susceptibility of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 334 by by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID728921Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1730991Antitubercular activity against drug susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis V4207 by MABA assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 213Design and synthesis of mycobacterial pks13 inhibitors: Conformationally rigid tetracyclic molecules.
AID577241Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB173 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID1395484Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID559176Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253A selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID529902Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona isolate 12 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID575946Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Distribution of serotypes, genotypes, and resistance determinants among macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates.
AID1464090Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells to MIC for antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (14-2095)2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives with antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity.
AID571342Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID286043Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID533663Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN10242008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic characterization of Vga ABC proteins conferring reduced susceptibility to pleuromutilins in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID562411Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus Group G clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID571387Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID571113Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID532417Antibacterial activity against IMP-13 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone C2 isolate NA-14X-12 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID206614In vitro antibacterial activity measured as minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25178 (Sa).1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID425977Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 24 after 50 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID285303Effect on 0.06 ug/ml DQ113-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 218 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID1557262Antitubercular activity against resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis harboring gyrB Ala90Val mutant incubated for 28 days by absolute concentration method2019MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 10, Issue:8
Drug-resistance in
AID1128832Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 12-28 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID580379Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli infected in microbiologically evaluable patient with UTI assessed as cure rate at 250 mg, iv qd for 10 days measured at test-of-cure visit2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID567582Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as susceptible isolate by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
In vitro antimicrobial activity and mutant prevention concentration of colistin against Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID437334Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae 45301 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID545827Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID541519Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID373040Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate ZJ58 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID537939Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 09-32 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID574436Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 547T expressing beta-lactamase KPC2 and PFGE cluster 4 isolated from blood of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID285760Antibacterial activity against Burkholderia cepacia2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID532202Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae WH99 harboring wild-type GyrA, ParC, GyrB and qnrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID604023Ratio of total drug level in brain to plasma in Sprague-Dawley rat administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr by LC-MS/MS method2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID1887590Post antibiotic effect against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as time required for 1 log10 increase in CFU at 1 time MIC incubated for 1 hr followed by replacement with drug free medium and measured every 1 hr (Rvb = 2 hrs)2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID580419Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as insomnia at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID574433Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 543T expressing beta-lactamase KPC2 and PFGE cluster 4 isolated from synovial fluid of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID559770Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type II vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate 4sy32 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID1398592Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae J41 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID556481Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1889640 A-Z isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID425562Antibacterial activity against penicillin- and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 5055 expressing mefA after 50 passages by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID425572Antibacterial activity against penicillin-, macrolide- and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 63 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, D83Y mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID271591Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA72006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID1163985Antimycobacterial activity against isoniazid and rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis 11277 by MABA method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1398594Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID537937Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 09-23 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID604026Unbound CSF to plasma concentration ratio in human2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID584572Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate F expressing beta-lactamase OXA-164 isolated from tracheostoma of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID558087Antimicrobial activity against Ureaplasma parvum isolated from human by two fold serial dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas to a new investigational ketolide, CEM-101.
AID423257Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected male patients assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID430963Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 1608 containing gyrA L83, L87 mutants assessed as increase in MIC by Etest relative to MIC for wild type Escherichia coli 16092007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Contributions of the combined effects of topoisomerase mutations toward fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli.
AID541063Half life in cage fluid of Albino guiena pig at 10 mg/kg, ip2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Linezolid alone or combined with rifampin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental foreign-body infection.
AID1846910Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains 15 1 to 4 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID531579Antibacterial activity against Micrococcus spp. obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID510513Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID539715Anticancer activity against human MCF7 after 5 days by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24
Novel lipophilic 7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as potential antitumor agents: improved synthesis and in vitro evaluation.
AID710025Antibacterial activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 55, Issue:22
From triclosan toward the clinic: discovery of nonbiocidal, potent FabI inhibitors for the treatment of resistant bacteria.
AID573372Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Serratia marcescens assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID574041Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID1818235Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 assessed as reduction in microbial growth after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 228Synthesis and bioactivities of new N-terminal dipeptide mimetics with aromatic amide moiety: Broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and high antineoplastic activity.
AID285157Antimicrobial susceptibility of tetracycline-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae from respiratory tract disease patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Clonal diversity and resistance mechanisms in tetracycline-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Poland.
AID246829Efficacy against mice infected with MRSA-33 upon s.c. administration2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID573113Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID564821Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus hominis after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID396288Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae D39-19 with parC D83N, gyrA S81Y mutation by disk diffusion method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Identifying mutator phenotypes among fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae using fluctuation analysis.
AID560069Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 5427 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1562750Antibacterial activity against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis NCTC12201 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID1626612Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isogenic forms expressing rpoB H481Y mutant2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14
Development of a Dual-Acting Antibacterial Agent (TNP-2092) for the Treatment of Persistent Bacterial Infections.
AID559072Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter freundii by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID424422Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus HIP15178 isolated from patients surgical wound by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with Inc18-like vanA plasmids in Michigan.
AID425335Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID279281Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with gyrA E85K mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID558620Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3282 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID733482Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes ARC8382013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Sulfonylpiperidines as novel, antibacterial inhibitors of Gram-positive thymidylate kinase (TMK).
AID1240508Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae DS07955 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
N-Lipidated Peptide Dimers: Effective Antibacterial Agents against Gram-Negative Pathogens through Lipopolysaccharide Permeabilization.
AID498361Antimicrobial activity against rifampin resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 52deltaacrB containing isogenic acrB knockout assessed as growth inhibition by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Klebsiella pneumoniae AcrAB efflux pump contributes to antimicrobial resistance and virulence.
AID501612Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae 45301 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID522681Antibacterial activity against gyrA01, parC17 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA S79F, S79F/ParC N91D, P140S mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID544732Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E356 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID528728Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes group A clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID573591Antibacterial activity against Fusobacterium nucleatum by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID586747Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrA gene and pBK-QnrA1 assessed as resistant colonies recovered one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID531420Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19F by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID1261278Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID1781776Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as time for increase by 1 log10CFU at 1XMIC incubated for 1 hr followed by drug wash-out and measured every single 1 hr
AID425555Antibacterial activity against macrolide-, quinolone-susceptible and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 99 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID556212Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 1949822 B-J isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID285972Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae D3 isolate with GyrA Ser84Tyr, ParC Glu88Lys and AcrR Leu31His, Ile121Val and Gln134Lys mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID728894Ratio of AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in Crj:CD rat kidney to AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in Crj:CD rat serum at 5 mg/kg, po2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1417156Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BAA-1605 after 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID423238Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase-negative Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID1557326Toxicity in human assessed as CNS effect by measuring alteration in mentation2019MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 10, Issue:10
Quinolone antibiotics.
AID423236Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID728911Antibacterial activity against Chlamydophila pneumoniae AR39 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID576022Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RDN1 harboring cloned pTZ2238-encoded QacBIV A184V mutant gene by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Fluoroquinolone efflux by the plasmid-mediated multidrug efflux pump QacB variant QacBIII in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID279273Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as period of suppression of bacterial growth2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID374532Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolate 10 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID565740Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1436839Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 09-14 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID498135Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1032 overexpressing multidrug efflux pump MexAB-OprM assessed as reduction in log CFU/ml at 2 ug/ml up to 48 hrs in absence of cystic fibrosis patient sputum2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID203278Antimicrobial activity against the Staphylococcus epidermis 3519 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID571688Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii alpha clonal group isolate 1 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID530121Antimicrobial activity against hospital acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 152 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Pharmacodynamic characterization of ceftobiprole in experimental pneumonia caused by phenotypically diverse Staphylococcus aureus strains.
AID606014Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Streptothricin derivatives from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID559153Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630e selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID533878Antibacterial activity against amoxicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID1459060Antitubercular activity against rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv harboring rpoB S522L mutant after 5 days2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 125Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carboxamide hybrids: Design, synthesis and evaluation of anti-tubercular activity.
AID559624Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca clinical isolate assessed as susceptible isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID556717Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens 2297260 B-U isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID278255Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS3 tolC::Kan with GyrA S83F, D87N, parC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID433794Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae Spn-RC2 by broth macrodilution technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID285793Antibacterial efficacy against Streptococcus pneumoniae SVI infected orally dosed CD1 mouse model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID559164Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2a harboring GyrB Arg447Lys mutant gene selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1667155Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 292132020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID559603Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate M2 harboring qnrS1 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID524976Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sp. Group G clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID537921Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID1243291Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID571896Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii beta clonal group isolate 12 expressing ompA, adeB, adeM, aacA4, aacC2, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID508383Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes harboring mef(A) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID532166Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Citrobacter freundii PU55 harboring GyrA T83I, ParC S80I mutant, wild-type GyrB, qnrA genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID528822Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from ICU patient urine assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID559612Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Escherichia coli clinical isolate assessed as susceptible isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID119796In vivo number of survivors on day 0 after administration (30 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID278596Inhibitory activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-11832007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AID425978Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 24 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID548534Antimicrobial activity against viridans group Streptococcus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID560086Bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 956 at 1/4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID565742Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID524708Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID565312Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium R32 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID534084Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID546059Antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID561745Antibacterial activity against Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID521459Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T11 harboring parE-ant-parC mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID545835Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID1436834Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-negative Escherichia coli 09-20 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID285339Antimicrobial activity against streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli J53 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
First report of plasmid-mediated qnrA1 in a ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli strain in Latin America.
AID425986Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3243 after 41 passages with clarithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID1695920Antibacterial activity against Providencia rettgeri ATCC 310522019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID423260Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected inpatients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID1142218Antimicrobial activity against Helicobacter pylori isolated from gastrointestinal disease patient after 72 hrs by Etest method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 24, Issue:11
Development of bacterial transglycosylase inhibitors as new antibiotics: moenomycin A treatment for drug-resistant Helicobacter pylori.
AID433792Stability assessed as degradation half life2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID285792Antibacterial efficacy against ciprofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SA2017 infected orally dosed CD1 mouse model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID425351Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1147 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene showing efflux to gemifloxacin by 2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID520397Antibacterial activity against erm(B) and mef(E)-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate Spain 6B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Polyclonal population structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Spain carrying mef and mef plus erm(B).
AID545461Antimicrobial activity against Pasteurella sp. assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID1627516Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv RIF-R1 harboring nrpoB S522L mutant after 5 days2016ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-14, Volume: 7, Issue:7
Dehydrozingerone Inspired Styryl Hydrazine Thiazole Hybrids as Promising Class of Antimycobacterial Agents.
AID542507Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, N87 and parC I80, G84 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID279877Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 62.5 uM promazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID544948Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii E384 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID531570Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sp. 'group G' obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID1164007Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 12-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID523001Cytotoxicity against human 5637 cells assessed as mild induction of cell death by trypan blue exclusion assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Persistence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in the face of multiple antibiotics.
AID425069Antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae M7943 bearing qnrB10 gene with aac(6)-Ib-cr-blaOXA-30 catB3-arr-3 integron in presence of IPTG2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Complex class 1 integrons with diverse variable regions, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, and a novel allele, qnrB10, associated with ISCR1 in clinical enterobacterial isolates from Argentina.
AID278230Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21 acrAB::Kan2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID532389Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Enterobacter cloacae isolate TO-16X-51 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID544723Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E354 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID369443Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro activity of telavancin against gram-positive clinical isolates recently obtained in Europe.
AID559604Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate C2 harboring qnrS1 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID575294Cmax in common marmoset at 40 mg/kg, po BID measured on day 7 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID559190Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5C harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID577225Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 harboring yaaA::ISphoA/haha mutation by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
The development of ciprofloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves multiple response stages and multiple proteins.
AID285745Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID323881Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B/pACYC184 GyrA/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID244891Minimum inhibitory concentration against Escherichia coli ATCC 259222005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID535660Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Enterobacter cloacae FJ63 harboring GyrA S83I, GyrA D87A, ParC S80I mutant, wild-type GyrB and qnrS genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID524978Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus constellatus clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID544744Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E418 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID69474Minimum inhibitory concentration against Escherichia coli ES1422003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID1217706Time dependent inhibition of CYP2C9 (unknown origin) at 100 uM by LC/MS system2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID322982Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-susceptible Mycoplasma pneumoniae FH2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Activity of Garenoxacin against Macrolide-Susceptible and -Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
AID532679Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible, AD PFGE pattern, emm6 type Streptococcus pyogenes with ST382 sequence type, ParC S79A mutant isolated from oropharyngeal colonization, tonsillitis/pharyngitis and skin/soft tissue infection2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID571359Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID523033Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID541537Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID559043Antibacterial activity against vancomycin- resistant Enterococcus faecium by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID323894Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae C2 GyrA Ser83Phe mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID1759126Antibacterial activity against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii 16-33 by agar method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41Design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of PFK-158 derivatives as potent agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID728891AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in cynomolgus monkey serum at 5 mg/kg, po2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID558625Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3458 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID528502Antimicrobial activity against levofloxacin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus JCSC 6822 harboring mutation in norA gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID558613Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 2686 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID546063Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase-positive Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID425983Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1635 after 50 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID501613Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 48 hrs by CPE assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID571845Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID575082Antimicrobial activity against multiple drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID559171Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2e harboring GyrB Arg447Lys and Asp426Asn mutant gene selected after 32 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1869527Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228 measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID571367Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.12 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID404936Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp. by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID498297Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1032 overexpressing multidrug efflux pump MexAB-OprM assessed as reduction in log CFU/ml at 2 times MIC up to 48 hrs in presence of cystic fibrosis patient sputum2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1846909Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus strains 15 1 to 4 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID558622Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3374 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID1256550Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CMCC 26003 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID423099Antibacterial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID556912Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 2297262-9 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID721754Inhibition of human MATE1-mediated ASP+ uptake expressed in HEK293 cells after 1.5 mins by fluorescence assay2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3
Discovery of potent, selective multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter 1 (MATE1, SLC47A1) inhibitors through prescription drug profiling and computational modeling.
AID1408205Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 16-30 clinical isolate after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 13-substituted cycloberberine derivatives as a novel class of anti-MRSA agents.
AID588213Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in non-rodents2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID1596877Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-1705 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID285778Antibacterial activity against Prevotella corporis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID511385Antibacterial activity against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID1243592Antibacterial activity against NDM-1 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID342072Effect on growth of nonepidemic Clostridium difficile ATCC 9689 in CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial density in cecal content at 0.2 mg/day, sc for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID559166Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2c harboring GyrB Arg447Lys mutant gene selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID521443Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T16 harboring parC mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID323887Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Escherichia coli J53/pMG252 GyrA/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID1398631Toxicity in Slc:ddY mouse assessed as induction of convulsion at 5 ug/5 uL/mouse administered intracisternally and measured over 30 mins post dose2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID556701Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1821386 B-D isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID544832Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID556925Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949820 B-N isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID576021Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RDN1 harboring cloned pTZ2238-encoded QacBIV S151I mutant gene by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Fluoroquinolone efflux by the plasmid-mediated multidrug efflux pump QacB variant QacBIII in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID509870Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii isolate 5191 isolated from human urine2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acinetobacter baumannii increases tolerance to antibiotics in response to monovalent cations.
AID286133Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49619 with parC S79Y mutation and gyrA S81Y mutation at fAUC/MIC of 79 after 48 to 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID541835Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID556233Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 2297262-9 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID556949Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949820 B-N isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1691410Antibacterial activity against ESBL negative Escherichia coli 16-7 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID675090Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10-18 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID560273Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa NH57388A infected in Swiss neutropenic mouse assessed as lung bacterial load at 15 mg/kg, ip BID administered 24 hrs post infection (Rvb = 8.89 logCFU)2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID511304Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID1261254Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-17 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID404275Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID556716Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1821383 B-E isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID285721Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID423102Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients assessed as susceptible isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID467611Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Prediction of volume of distribution values in human using immobilized artificial membrane partitioning coefficients, the fraction of compound ionized and plasma protein binding data.
AID544846Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 Tr10 harboring gyrA Ser81Tyr parC Ser79Tyr mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID601782Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Streptococcus pneumoniae 08-4 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1256542Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-3 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID497757Apparent permeability across apical to basolateral side in human Calu3 cells2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Relative contributions of active mediated transport and passive diffusion of fluoroquinolones with various lipophilicities in a Calu-3 lung epithelial cell model.
AID510509Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex isolate MC4AC9-30 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID279898Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 500 uM chlorpromazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID561724Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID533665Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 292132008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic characterization of Vga ABC proteins conferring reduced susceptibility to pleuromutilins in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID562382Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-nonsusceptible Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID586642Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and ParC S80R mutant by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID559427Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate M1 harboring qnrB19 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID575301Cmax in common marmoset at 40 mg/kg, po measured on day 1 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID571351Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.12 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID285306Effect on 16 ug/ml levofloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 218 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID1867248Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Helicobacter pylori JRES00015 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition incubated for 3 days by broth microdilution method
AID245049Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pneumoniae 7257 Quinolone-resistant strain2005Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-02, Volume: 15, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 5-methoxy- and 5-hydroxy-6-fluoro-1,8-naphthyridone-3-carboxylic acid derivatives.
AID498130Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA876 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID511382Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID548257Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Mu50omega expressing vraSm, graRm mutant gene after 24 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Contribution of vraSR and graSR point mutations to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
AID558621Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3346 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID565739Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID522966Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
AID528501Antimicrobial activity against levofloxacin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus JCSC 6770 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID580398Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID586750Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrS gene and pBK-QnrS1 assessed as resistant colonies recovered one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID285753Antibacterial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID373043Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate CY7 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID548528Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID372348Antibacterial activity against hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12-09-15/MEM mutant by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID565081Antibacterial activity against hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 152 by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Pharmacodynamic profile of tigecycline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental pneumonia model.
AID528703Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus oralis clinical isolate assessed as susceptibility level by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID528984Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae isolated from ICU patient respiratory tract assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID545840Antimicrobial activity against ESBL-negative Enterobacter cloacae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID510161Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis ATCC 7002 by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID530350Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 by disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance pump QepA2 in an Escherichia coli isolate from France.
AID1759122Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 by agar method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41Design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of PFK-158 derivatives as potent agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID520960Antimicrobial activity against Corynebacterium striatum isolates by CLSI M45-A protocol based microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Activity of Tigecycline against Coryneform Bacteria of Clinical Interest and Listeria monocytogenes.
AID318653Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium ATCC 19434 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID561391Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP109 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID1164010Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1773512Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate M-19 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID374399Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID573321Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ22 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qnrS1 by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID564832Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sciuri after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID342069Effect on growth of nonepidemic Clostridium difficile J29 in sc dosed CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial overgrowth in cecal content administered 20 times the usual human dose for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID1256541Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1079940Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID728919Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis IID 685 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID404278Antibacterial activity against quinoline-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae no.55 isolate after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID519989Antimicrobial activity against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus nosocomial isolate2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID279887Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 31.3 uM omeprazole2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID539810Anticancer activity against human U373MG after 3 to 5 days by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24
Novel lipophilic 7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as potential antitumor agents: improved synthesis and in vitro evaluation.
AID119803In vivo number of survivors on day 1 after administration (7.5 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID374111Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant aac(6')-Ib-cr deficient Escherichia coli J53 qnrA1 bearing pHS5 transconjugant from Enterobacter cloacae 641 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Prevalence and expression of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID571388Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID531592Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID279193Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolates from skin or soft tissue infection outpatients2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Treatment and outcomes of infections by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at an ambulatory clinic.
AID404289Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 wild type topoisomerase 4-mediated decatenation activity2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID556224Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1889647 B-H isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID559244Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae D001 harboring parC Ser79Phe and gyrA Gly85Lys mutant genes assessed as mutation prevention concentration after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID559074Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID728923Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae J24 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID373142Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N084 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as lung bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID404274Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae IID983 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID524981Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus oralis clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID558700Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630 expressing tcdA and tcdB gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID558922Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422a selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID286087fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49610 at 750 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID1685376Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID524975Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sp. Group F clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID613787Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 08-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID425574Antibacterial activity against macrolide-, quinolone-susceptible and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 100 harboring S81Y and S79Y mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA and ParC genes respectively after 42 passages2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID557159Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1821386 B-D isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID584489Antibacterial activity against porin deficient OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj1 expressing efflux system by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID510506Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex isolate M3AC9-6 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID557150Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1821383 B-E isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1243576Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 15 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID428822Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261342007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID428776Ratio of mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 496192007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID531583Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID558923Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422b selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID564831Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sciuri assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID351861Protection against community-acquired pneumonia in patient with pneumonia severity index-5 assessed as mortality at 500 mg administered once daily for 30 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Comparison of beta-lactam and macrolide combination therapy versus fluoroquinolone monotherapy in hospitalized Veterans Affairs patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
AID557804Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pHS12 carrying TTG to TCG substituted qnrC gene by CLSI agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis.
AID564824Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID584570Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate D expressing beta-lactamase OXA-164 isolated from tracheal secretion of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID373027Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate PUA6 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID558601Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 24 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID671565Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 55, Issue:2
Fluorocyclines. 2. Optimization of the C-9 side-chain for antibacterial activity and oral efficacy.
AID556467Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1889647 B-H isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID673392Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 22, Issue:15
Discovery of a novel azaindole class of antibacterial agents targeting the ATPase domains of DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase IV.
AID406630Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate-7 with parE Ile460Val mutation by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID573131Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID573783Antibacterial activity against Prevotella buccae by by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID286136Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49619 at fAUC/MIC of 89 after 24 to 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID520410Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant Streptococcus sp. 'group A' by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Antistreptococcal activity of AR-709 compared to that of other agents.
AID1163987Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 12-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID524684Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID565747Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID532893Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 475 ST 277 expressing beta-lactamase SHV-27, CTX-M-15 and OXA-4 by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID543818Bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID205524Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus (MSCS; Methicillin sensitive, ciprofloxacin sensitive) MI2732003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID540211Fraction unbound in human after iv administration2008Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID510508Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex isolate MC1AC9-26 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID1261281Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID524977Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus bovis clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID683322Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 by microbroth dilution method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Three new 12-carbamoylated streptothricins from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID285296Susceptibility of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 217 by by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID372371Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1/CAZ mutant in absence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1/CAZ mutant in presence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID564819Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus hominis assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID1706881Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus VRS12 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID425542Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1139 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F, K137N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1395516Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ATCC 13636 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID559429Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate Y1 harboring qnrB19 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID521446Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T19 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID404279Antibacterial activity against quinoline-resistant Enterococcus faecalis No.15 isolate after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID1261275Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-37 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID531576Antibacterial activity against Gemella morbillorum obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by RapID ANA system2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID1225387Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli AG102 overexpressing AcrAB-TolC by p-iodonitrotetrazolium chloride colorimetric assay2015Journal of natural products, Mar-27, Volume: 78, Issue:3
Enhancement of antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria by the efflux pump inhibitor 3,4-dibromopyrrole-2,5-dione isolated from a Pseudoalteromonas sp.
AID1780309Antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa LESB58 RS21000 and RS21005 mutant assessed as resistance development by measuring fold increase in MIC
AID278248Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS1 with GyrA S83F, D87N, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID1428626Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 by broth microdilution method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 127Diaryltriazenes as antibacterial agents against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Mycobacterium smegmatis.
AID1494121Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis NCTC 10400 after 16 hrs by microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aryldiketo acids with enhanced antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial strains.
AID534083Antibacterial activity against cefotaxime-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID559241Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae S002 harboring parC Ser79Phe mutant and wild-type gyrA genes assessed as mutation prevention concentration after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID342403Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK417 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1691409Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resisitant Staphylococcus aureus 16-30 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID522965Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
AID524426Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates isolated from patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as cure rate at test-of-cure visit by mMITT analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Worldwide experience with the use of doripenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: analysis of six phase 3 clinical studies.
AID559056Antibacterial activity against Lancefield Streptococcus sp. group F by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID520962Antimicrobial activity against Corynebacterium xerosis isolates by CLSI M45-A protocol based microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Activity of Tigecycline against Coryneform Bacteria of Clinical Interest and Listeria monocytogenes.
AID521454Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T29 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID524701Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID1398616AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in Crj:CD rat at 5 mg/kg, po2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID425973Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 2527 after 50 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID545556Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli ERR8a to MIC for Escherichia coli NIHJ2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1416774Antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2018MedChemComm, Jan-01, Volume: 9, Issue:1
Synthesis and
AID544864Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1681 harboring parC Ser79Tyr Asp83Ala mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1411656Antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240 after 24 hrs2017MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 8, Issue:11
The synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-phenylaminomethylene-cyclohexane-1,3-diones as specific anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID164396Antimicrobial activity against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa K 799/WT by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID286140Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 with parC S52G, N91D mutation at fAUC/MIC of 83 after 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID530599Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pSmQnr11 carrying Smqnr gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID404276Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa IID1210 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID1706866Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium chelonae ATCC 35752 by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID1846908Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains 15 1 to 4 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID406605Cmax in albino guinea pig cage fluid at 5 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of a novel rifamycin derivative, ABI-0043, against Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental model of foreign-body infection.
AID511386Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin resistant Escherichia coli by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID562385Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis expressing VanB gene clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID532415Antibacterial activity against IMP-13 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone C2 isolate NA-14X-10 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID511397Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID533857Antibacterial activity against nonpigmented rapidly growing Mycobacterium mageritense after 3 days by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activities of tigecycline and 10 other antimicrobials against nonpigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria.
AID1395505Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium 12-1 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID529858Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa N043 to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID544959Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae expressing beta-lactamase SHV by Etest based on single determinant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID572142Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii unique clonal group isolate 38 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID535364Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens in Spain: latest data and changes over 11 years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007).
AID573337Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Enterobacteriaceae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID286101fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 at 937.5 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID498781Antimicrobial activity against mild ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Prevalence and clonal characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility in Spain.
AID544680Antimicrobial activity against AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1406189Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase harboring Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID425565Antibacterial activity against macrolide-, quinolone-susceptible and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 99 after 50 passages by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID577647Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 157 expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, CTX-M-15, TEM and PFGE cluster 3 isolated from urine of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID1653577Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium leprae assessed as fractional inhibitory concentration index at 0.1875 ug/ml in presence of 0.05 ug/ml rifabutin measured at 4 weeks2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID534194Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas putida expressing beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 obtained from criticall ill liver transplant recipient by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
KPC-2-producing Enterobacter cloacae and pseudomonas putida coinfection in a liver transplant recipient.
AID570705Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1624163Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium chelonae after 7 days by alamar blue assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164Synthesis and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides as antitubercular agents effective on drug resistant tuberculosis.
AID571340Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID324746Effect on Mycobacterium leprae recombinant DNA gyrase expressed in Escherichia coli assessed as enhancement of supercoiled pBR322 DNA cleavage2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Expression and purification of an active form of the Mycobacterium leprae DNA gyrase and its inhibition by quinolones.
AID595861Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate after 24 hrs by microdilution method2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-12, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Exploration of the activity of 7-pyrrolidino-8-methoxyisothiazoloquinolones against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
AID323889Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Escherichia coli J53/pN5 GyrA/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID425988Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3243 after 29 passages with Telithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID542512Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, Y87 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID671562Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae SPN1602012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 55, Issue:2
Fluorocyclines. 2. Optimization of the C-9 side-chain for antibacterial activity and oral efficacy.
AID557174Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1134684 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID546064Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin resistant Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID423235Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID516165Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates by CLSi method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activity of telavancin against a contemporary worldwide collection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
AID559426Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate V1 harboring qnrB19 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID1593371Inhibition of Pks13 D1644G/N1640K double mutant thioesterase domain in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv assessed as reduction in bacterial growth by microplate alamar blue assay2019Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-11, Volume: 62, Issue:7
Identification of Novel Coumestan Derivatives as Polyketide Synthase 13 Inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Part II.
AID531448Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 35B assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID572520Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Salmonella enterica serovar Virginia isolate s2219 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID1355048Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID556935Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1134642 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID576558Antimicrobial activity against recA-deficient Staphylococcus aureus ASAU022 infected in in vitro hollow fiber infection model assessed as suppression of microbial resistance at AUC/MIC ratio of 312010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Impact of recA on levofloxacin exposure-related resistance development.
AID540208Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 08-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID498088Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA880 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID671564Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 55, Issue:2
Fluorocyclines. 2. Optimization of the C-9 side-chain for antibacterial activity and oral efficacy.
AID1459062Antitubercular activity against fluoroquinolone resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv harboring gyrB D94N mutant after 5 days2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 125Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carboxamide hybrids: Design, synthesis and evaluation of anti-tubercular activity.
AID323905Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 with rplC G155R mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID1257071Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Mu50 ATCC 700699 after 20 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Synthesis of biscoumarin and dihydropyran derivatives with promising antitumor and antibacterial activities.
AID285783Antibacterial activity against Neisseria meningitidis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID532909Antimicrobial activity against KPC-3 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 549 ST 327 expressing beta-lactamase TEM-1 and CTX-M-2 by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID545831Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID559057Antibacterial activity against Lancefield Streptococcus sp. 'group G' by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID279865Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 500 uM prochlorperazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID496006Antimicrobial activity against imipenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro potency of CXA-101, a novel cephalosporin, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa displaying various resistance phenotypes, including multidrug resistance.
AID373029Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate PUA7 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID528833Antimicrobial activity against CTX-M ESBL producing Escherichia coli isolated from ICU patient blood assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID601779Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 08-1 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID425345Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1060 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F, K137N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID544957Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli expressing beta-lactamase SHV by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID545455Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID721137Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3
A facile synthesis, antibacterial activity of pulvinone and its derivatives.
AID532034Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii S008 expressing PMQR determinant qnrB23 gene by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Novel variants of the qnrB gene, qnrB22 and qnrB23, in Citrobacter werkmanii and Citrobacter freundii.
AID496401Antibacterial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 containing plasmid pQE602010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Transferable quinolone resistance in Vibrio cholerae.
AID501611Antibacterial activity against Shigella sonnei 51592 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID574784Antimycobacterial activity against extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate 2403 obtained from sputum of patient at 2 ug/ml by Bactec MGIT960 modified proportion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Emergence and molecular characterization of extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from the Delhi Region in India.
AID1256567Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 14-5 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1846923Antibacterial activity agains wild type Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2470 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID428792Ratio of MIC for moxifloxacin-pretreated Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 after 48 hrs to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261342007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1311242Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 14-52016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID1254960Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 177 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID285508Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID576346Bactericidal activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar H infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID428865Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 assessed as prevention of bacterial regrowth under condition simulating oral administration of 200 mg twice daily after 72 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID374530Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolate 8 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID532392Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone A2 isolate NA-14X-21 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID545823Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID521450Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T24 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID428791Antibacterial activity against 200 mg b.i.d. levofloxacin-pretreated Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26137 after 48 hrs of incubation by population analysis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID544958Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli expressing beta-lactamase CTX by Etest based on single determinant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID584490Antibacterial activity against porin deficient OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj1 revertant by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID510511Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex isolate N2AC9-19 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID1846919Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant wild type Escherichia coli ATCC BAA-2340 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID524693Antibacterial activity against Corynebacterium sp. by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID531422Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 23A by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID545846Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID285309Susceptibility of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus species single-step mutant by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID1395510Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID1869525Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC33591 measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID498096Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA899 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1667166Antimicrobial activity against Proteus vulgaris ATCC 299052020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID529483Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 151 containing PFGE genetic clone A expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID1417172Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10191 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID559410Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2E harboring GyrB Glu466Lys mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID675073Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID529480Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 1 containing PFGE genetic clone A expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID278929Antibacterial activity against Chlamydophila pneumoniae in HEp2 cells2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
In vitro antibacterial activity of the pyrrolopyrazolyl-substituted oxazolidinone RWJ-416457.
AID1436838Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID556942Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1134684 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID279266Antibacterial activity against azithromycin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3243 with L22 insertion 93SFRPRA94 mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID577650Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 329T expressing beta-lactamase KPC2 and PFGE cluster 2 isolated from blood of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID545563Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli EIR4b selected at 4 times MIC of imipenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1678780Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 using Cyrene as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID543811Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs by serial dilution2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID285779Antibacterial activity against Prevotella melaninogenica2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID496005Antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro potency of CXA-101, a novel cephalosporin, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa displaying various resistance phenotypes, including multidrug resistance.
AID544760Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E408 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID1915531Antiproliferative activity against human PC-3 cells incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209Comprehensive review for anticancer hybridized multitargeting HDAC inhibitors.
AID521452Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T30 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID584487Antibacterial activity against porin, OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj1 expressing efflux system by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID571855Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID571924Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii zeta clonal group isolate 26 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aadA1, aacA4, aacC2, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID404934Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID529852Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase-overproducing and OprD-deficient Pseudomonas aeruginosa N044 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID561740Antibacterial activity against Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus group A assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID580392Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis isolated from patient with urinary tract infection receiving drug at 250 mg, iv qd for 10 days measured after post drug therapy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1406195Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID584491Antibacterial activity against porin, OmpA positive extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj1 by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID1773501Antibacterial activity against Salmonella enterica 8389 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID580397Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Proteus mirabilis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID559054Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID560502Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate gz06051 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID535641Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype V C1 harboring E63K mutation in PBP 2A and L41S mutation in PBP 1B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID437323Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID495323Antimicrobial activity against Beta-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Antimicrobial resistance in Haemophilus influenzae respiratory tract isolates in Korea: results of a nationwide acute respiratory infections surveillance.
AID586637Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrA gene and pBK-QnrA1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID629126Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv after 6 days by MTT colorimetric microassay2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID523050Antimicrobial activity against ampicillin-nonsusceptible beta-lactamase negative Haemophilus influenzae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID1890008Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate 41 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition by CLSI protocol based assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 65Discovery and structure-activity relationships of a novel oxazolidinone class of bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID593813Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9763 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID1273938Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 assessed as reduction in 12 hrs pre-established biofilm viable cell count after 20 hrs (Rvb = 1.2 x 10'10 CFU/ml)2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID588219FDA HLAED, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) increase2004Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4
Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID613784Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID1311244Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 14-22016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID1194955Ratio of MIC for quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 to MIC for quinolone-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus MS59352015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 25, Issue:9
Tricyclic 1,5-naphthyridinone oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents-SAR of left-hand-side moiety (Part-2).
AID428772Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 assessed as mutant prevention concentration after 72 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID584567Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate A expressing beta-lactamase OXA-164 isolated from tracheal secretion of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID1395513Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens ATCC 21074 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID372989Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium JATA51-01 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as spleen bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID559385Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422G harboring GyrA Thr82Ile and GyrB Leu451Phe mutant genes selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID279886Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 62.5 uM omeprazole2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID521460Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T12 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID544747Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E427 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID496402Antibacterial activity against azide resistant Escherichia coli J53 transformed with pQE60-qnrVC3 gene Vibrio cholerae 59 strain2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Transferable quinolone resistance in Vibrio cholerae.
AID605953Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis MC2 155 after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Streptothricin derivatives from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID565329Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M6283 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID285728Antibacterial activity against VanA-resistant Enterococcus faecium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1408202Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-1708 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 13-substituted cycloberberine derivatives as a novel class of anti-MRSA agents.
AID586632Antibacterial activity against qnrB gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrB1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID586736Ratio of mutant prevention concentration to MIC for qnrB gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrB12011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1562753Antibacterial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus NCTC13277 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID560080Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 1037 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1225258Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition after 24 hrs by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
A potent antimicrobial compound isolated from Clathria cervicornis.
AID559513Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID569436Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID279890Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 3.9 uM omeprazole2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID285755Antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID520414Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Antistreptococcal activity of AR-709 compared to that of other agents.
AID545428Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae obtained from patient with complicated intra-abdominal infection assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID1297344Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-22 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID285290Susceptibility of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 216 by by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID521836Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli J53 transconjugated with Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate VA367 containing blaKPC-3, qnrB19, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11, aac(6')-1b genes by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States.
AID205747In vitro antibacterial activity measured as minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated on Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 155-1 (Se).1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID285794Antibacterial efficacy against Streptococcus pyogenes C203 infected orally dosed CD1 mouse model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID556921Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis 1134841 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1355051Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolate 13-19 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID433798Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae Spn-RC2 by agar dilution technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID285509Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus viridans after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID342408Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK123 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID456050Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus wild type DNA gyrase2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 17, Issue:19
Design, synthesis and biological evaluations of novel 7-[3-(1-aminocycloalkyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-6-desfluoro-8-methoxyquinolones with potent antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
AID425561Antibacterial activity against penicillin-, quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1541 harboring mutation in L4 protein by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1596882Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus VRS12 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID577233Antibacterial activity against intI1-negative tigecycline-intermediate Acinetobacter baumannii AB098 with PFGE subgroup F containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID597980Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens 410022011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID629118Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 120 hrs by MTT asasy2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID285791Antibacterial efficacy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SA1417 infected orally dosed CD1 mouse model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID757891Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 23, Issue:14
Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel AHL analogues.
AID518797Antimycobacterial activity against quinolone-resistant multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis after 21 days by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activities of DC-159a, a novel fluoroquinolone, against Mycobacterium species.
AID571871Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1395490Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase harboring Escherichia coli CDC1001728 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID425338Antibacterial activity against azithromycin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID565749Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis expressing VanA gene clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID728895Ratio of AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in Crj:CD rat liver to AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in Crj:CD rat serum at 5 mg/kg, po2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1416777Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2018MedChemComm, Jan-01, Volume: 9, Issue:1
Synthesis and
AID558904Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5d harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID528842Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from ICU patient blood assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID372365Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1/MEM mutant in absence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1/MEM mutant in presence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID558590Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 2 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID1143638Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii ATCC 8019 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by micro dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID531586Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID559062Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus bovis by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID530346Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 harboring pCTX-M plasmid carrying blaCTX-M-15 gene by disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance pump QepA2 in an Escherichia coli isolate from France.
AID574950Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 35B by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID244995Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus agalactiae ATCC 138132005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID456048Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus DNA topoisomerase 4 Ser80Phe mutant2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 17, Issue:19
Design, synthesis and biological evaluations of novel 7-[3-(1-aminocycloalkyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-6-desfluoro-8-methoxyquinolones with potent antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
AID545836Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID271589Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia ESBL KP37292006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID516167Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activity of telavancin against a contemporary worldwide collection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
AID1546144Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus assessed as zone of inhibition at 0.001 mol/cm32019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184Current scenario of tetrazole hybrids for antibacterial activity.
AID373649Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus by agar dilution CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Antistaphylococcal activity of CG400549, a new experimental FabI inhibitor, compared with that of other agents.
AID324747Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium leprae at 5 ug/mL after 11 to 18 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Expression and purification of an active form of the Mycobacterium leprae DNA gyrase and its inhibition by quinolones.
AID285768Antibacterial activity against Clostridium perfringens2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID498136Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1032 overexpressing multidrug efflux pump MexAB-OprM assessed as reduction in log CFU/ml at 2 times MIC up to 48 hrs in absence of cystic fibrosis patient sputum2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID571383Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.06 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID433793Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae Spn-058 by broth macrodilution technique in presence of 5% lysed horse blood2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID559627Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate assessed as susceptible isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID1395498Antibacterial activity against new delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 harboring Enterobacter cloacae 13-1 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID1887614Synergistic antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as fractional inhibitory concentration incubated for 24 hrs in presence of artocarpin by checkerboard method2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID557173Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949820 B-N isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1380674Antibacterial activity against beta-lactam resistant Escherichia coli by broth microdilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10
Discovery and Optimization of Indolyl-Containing 4-Hydroxy-2-Pyridone Type II DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors Active against Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria.
AID275471Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-25, Volume: 50, Issue:2
Isothiazoloquinolones with enhanced antistaphylococcal activities against multidrug-resistant strains: effects of structural modifications at the 6-, 7-, and 8-positions.
AID428842TMSW in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26137 infected human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID593809Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID545554Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli ERR4a to MIC for Escherichia coli NIHJ2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1685374Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID557152Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens 2297260 B-U isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1500590Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis INH-R2 ATCC 35822 after 5 days by fluorescence-based assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 138The antitrypanosomal and antitubercular activity of some nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based aromatic amines.
AID279564Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae BLPACR strains2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Diversity of ampicillin resistance genes and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in Korea.
AID405825Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii 694 isolate harboring bla IMP-1 carrying integron In86 containing aminoglycoside resistance gene aac(6')-32007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Characterization of an integron carrying blaIMP-1 and a new aminoglycoside resistance gene, aac(6')-31, and its dissemination among genetically unrelated clinical isolates in a Brazilian hospital.
AID586741Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrS gene and pBK-QnrS1 assessed as earliest time required to resistant colonies visible one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID278253Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS3 gyrA+ with GyrA S83F, D87N, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID522680Antibacterial activity against gyrA01, parC04 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA S79F mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID545834Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID1395502Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 12-28 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID1596887Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10193 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID78695Gyrase inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9
Synthesis and bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitory properties of a spirocyclopropylquinolone derivative.
AID1459058Antitubercular activity against isoniazid resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv harboring KAtG Y155 deletion mutant after 5 days2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 125Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carboxamide hybrids: Design, synthesis and evaluation of anti-tubercular activity.
AID565745Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-nonsusceptible Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1445901Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 12201 after 20 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Triaryl Benzimidazoles as a New Class of Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms.
AID1567335Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution based antibiotic susceptibility testing method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2,4,5-trisubstituted thiazoles as antituberculosis agents effective against drug-resistant tuberculosis.
AID342064Antimicrobial activity against epidemic Clostridium difficile BI9 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID1128837Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID559048Antibacterial activity against non-ciprofloxacin-susceptible and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1596890Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10192 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID523049Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase positive Haemophilus influenzae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID271588Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia KP22006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID508384Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes harboring erm(A) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID558796Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-deficient Escherichia coli assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Emergence of high levels of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in the Asia-Pacific region: data from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program, 2007.
AID243151Inhibitory concentration against potassium channel HERG2005Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-02, Volume: 15, Issue:11
A discriminant model constructed by the support vector machine method for HERG potassium channel inhibitors.
AID372548Antibacterial activity against genetically beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b with an amino acid substitution in variable mutated locus Asn-526 or Arg-517 of ftsI gene by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Genetic characteristics and clonal dissemination of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from the upper respiratory tract of patients in Japan.
AID424424Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus AIS2006032 isolated from patients foot wound by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with Inc18-like vanA plasmids in Michigan.
AID1565883Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli JM 109 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by two-fold broth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one derivatives as potential chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents.
AID728883AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in cynomolgus monkey serum at 10 mg/kg, iv2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1254961Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter freundii IFO1268 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID562388Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID519067Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 assessed as resistant strains by CLSI microdilution susceptibility testing method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Activity of the Diaminopyrimidine AR-709 against recently collected multidrug-resistant isolates of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae from North America.
AID279276Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parC S79F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID423251Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients within 2 years of age assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID528510Bactericidal activity against high level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID245040Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus saprophyticus ATCC 153052005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID531585Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID571350Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.06 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID498129Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5026 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID564812Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus haemolyticus after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID556348Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae clinical isolates obtained from bronchial aspirations expressing 23S rRNA A2063G mutant gene and P1 RFLP type I gene by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates and molecular analysis of macrolide-resistant strains from Shanghai, China.
AID278263Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS14 tolC::Kan with GyrA D87G mutant2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID372322Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 by CLSI broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID406627Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate-4 with gyrA Ser81Phe, ParC Lys137Asn and parE Ile460Val, Asp435Asn mutation by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID1128834Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID629124Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa CIP 82.118 after 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID285310Susceptibility of drug-selected vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus species mutant by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID530128Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Pharmacodynamic characterization of ceftobiprole in experimental pneumonia caused by phenotypically diverse Staphylococcus aureus strains.
AID285766Antibacterial activity against Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID545446Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID1297318Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID285967Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae C2 isolate with GyrA Asp88Asn, AcrR Leu31His and Arg34Glu mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID1398627AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in cynomolgus monkey serum at 10 mg/kg, iv2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID369445Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro activity of telavancin against gram-positive clinical isolates recently obtained in Europe.
AID580426Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as >=1 adverse event at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID450461Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli after 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Interaction of drug based binuclear mixed-ligand complexes with DNA.
AID781330pKa (acid-base dissociation constant) as determined by potentiometric titration2014Pharmaceutical research, Apr, Volume: 31, Issue:4
Comparison of the accuracy of experimental and predicted pKa values of basic and acidic compounds.
AID573156Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID286088fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49610 at 812.5 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID424331Antimicrobial activity against Dialister propionicifaciens assessed as susceptibility breakpoint by CA-SFM method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID535642Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype VI N4 harboring E63K mutation in PBP 2A and L41S mutation in PBP 1B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID558612Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 2617 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID559500Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID509869Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii isolate 4860 isolated from human urine2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acinetobacter baumannii increases tolerance to antibiotics in response to monovalent cations.
AID573299Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ5 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID556922Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID285965Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae C isolate with AcrR Leu31His and Arg34Glu mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID560518Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate 15b52 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID576337Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar G infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID710023Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 55, Issue:22
From triclosan toward the clinic: discovery of nonbiocidal, potent FabI inhibitors for the treatment of resistant bacteria.
AID524712Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID528499Antimicrobial activity against low level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus JCSC 6768 expressing gyrA Glu84Lys and grlA Ser80Phe mutants by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID1596944Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as post antibiotic effect time at MIC incubated for 1 hr followed by compound washout and measured at 1 hr intervals (Rvb = 0 hrs)
AID1297326Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID524408Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Worldwide experience with the use of doripenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: analysis of six phase 3 clinical studies.
AID278234Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium GyrA S21-1 acrAB::Kan with GyrA S83F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID405139Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID342241Antimicrobial activity against atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae L1 with gyrA Ser81Phe and parC Ser79Phe, Glu96Asp, Lys197Asn mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID576343Bactericidal activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar E infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID977599Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID573322Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ13 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qnrS1 by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID565041Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus hominis assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID404291Antibacterial activity against quinoline-resistant wild type Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID1128847Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli 12-15 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID1474166Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring severity class index2016Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4
DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID530594Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pSmQnr6 carrying Smqnr gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID556928Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis 1134841 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID597967Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 08-22011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID535356Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens in Spain: latest data and changes over 11 years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007).
AID323910Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 with rplC G152D, D159Y and G144R mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID562594Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-nonsusceptible Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID586754Antibacterial activity against qnrS gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrS1 assessed as resistant colonies recovered one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID533660Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 harboring plasmid VGA2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic characterization of Vga ABC proteins conferring reduced susceptibility to pleuromutilins in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1887576Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 infected in mouse J774A.1 cells assessed as reduction in intracellular bacterial cells at 5 times MIC incubated for 24 hrs followed by re-plating on TSA plate and measured after 18 to 24 hrs2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID521457Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T8 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID405457Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli C600Rif in presence of 50 ug/ml efflux pump inhibitor phenyl-arginine-beta-naphthylamide by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID556484Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1821383 B-E isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID532175Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae SH39T harboring qnrA gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID1398600Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID571843Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID529859Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa MR08 to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID467613Volume of distribution at steady state in human2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Prediction of volume of distribution values in human using immobilized artificial membrane partitioning coefficients, the fraction of compound ionized and plasma protein binding data.
AID1464086Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (14-2095) assessed as inhibition of microbial growth incubated for 24 hrs by microdilution assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives with antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity.
AID516160Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activity of telavancin against a contemporary worldwide collection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
AID558881Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253b selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID588209Literature-mined public compounds from Greene et al multi-species hepatotoxicity modelling dataset2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jul-19, Volume: 23, Issue:7
Developing structure-activity relationships for the prediction of hepatotoxicity.
AID675069Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium 10-5 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID450460Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa after 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Interaction of drug based binuclear mixed-ligand complexes with DNA.
AID1915528Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209Comprehensive review for anticancer hybridized multitargeting HDAC inhibitors.
AID528509Bactericidal activity against low level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID543807Bactericidal activity against Haemophilus influenzae VT450-2006 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs by serial dilution2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID1567343Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae BAA-1705 assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution based antibiotic susceptibility testing method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2,4,5-trisubstituted thiazoles as antituberculosis agents effective against drug-resistant tuberculosis.
AID580416Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as upper abdominal pain at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID588211Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in humans2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID423098Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID562363Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID521830Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from meningitis patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Clonal spread of highly beta-lactam-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Taiwan.
AID535639Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype VI R1 harboring F395L, V405A, R433H, H438Y, and G648A mutations in PBP 2X and T567I mutation in PBP 2B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID374529Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolate 7 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID736154Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 12-22013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID285765Antibacterial activity against Bacteroides ovatus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID496636Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 assessed as 50% mutant prevention concentration2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID573334Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID558608Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1394 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID565039Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus simulans assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID544734Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E363 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID577237Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB118 with PFGE subgroup B2 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID1261276Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-39 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID560270Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 infected in Swiss neutropenic mouse assessed as reduction in lung bacterial load at 32 mg/kg, ip BID administered 24 hrs post infection2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID559195Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5E harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID558892Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253g harboring GyrA Ala118Ser mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID91481Binding constant against human serum albumin (HSA)2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-06, Volume: 44, Issue:25
Cheminformatic models to predict binding affinities to human serum albumin.
AID522672Antibacterial activity against gyrA04, parC17 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA S81F, S79F/ParC N91D, P140S mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID755687Binding affinity to human ERG S624A tetrameric mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of tail current measured upon repolarization to -40 mV by patch clamp method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13
The synergic modeling for the binding of fluoroquinolone antibiotics to the hERG potassium channel.
AID1890010Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate 42 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition by CLSI protocol based assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 65Discovery and structure-activity relationships of a novel oxazolidinone class of bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID1311241Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 14-32016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID1890602Antibacterial activity against beta-lactams, macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 718 assessed as inhibition of bacterial growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI based serial agar dilution method2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 63WCK 1152, WCK 1153: Discovery and structure activity relationship for the treatment of resistant pneumococcal and staphylococcal respiratory infections.
AID528724Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus oralis clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID688538Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after overnight incubation by broth microdilution method2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Biologically active dibenzofurans from Pilidiostigma glabrum, an endemic Australian Myrtaceae.
AID286089fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49610 at 843.5 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID342422Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK260 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1667156Antimicrobial activity against methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 335912020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID374404Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolate 5 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID532684Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible, AM PFGE pattern, emm6 type Streptococcus pyogenes with ST382 sequence type, ParC S79A mutant isolated from oropharyngeal colonization2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID533859Antibacterial activity against nonpigmented rapidly growing Mycobacterium smegmatis after 3 days by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activities of tigecycline and 10 other antimicrobials against nonpigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria.
AID675088Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10-9 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID516166Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activity of telavancin against a contemporary worldwide collection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
AID535634Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype VI R6 harboring F395L, V405A, R433H, H438Y, A374V and G648A mutations in PBP 2X and T567I mutation in PBP 2B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID1406193Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ATCC 19606 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID528839Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus sp. isolated from ICU patient blood assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID556934Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949820 B-N isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID278666Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 57392007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm.
AID532397Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone D isolate VA-06X-69 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID1411654Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 24 hrs2017MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 8, Issue:11
The synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-phenylaminomethylene-cyclohexane-1,3-diones as specific anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID519138Antimicrobial activity against community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus expressing PVL and mec type IV gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Antimicrobial activities of Ceftaroline and ME1036 tested against clinical strains of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID405819Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter sp. 5227 isolate harboring bla IMP-1 carrying integron In86 containing aminoglycoside resistance gene aac(6')-32007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Characterization of an integron carrying blaIMP-1 and a new aminoglycoside resistance gene, aac(6')-31, and its dissemination among genetically unrelated clinical isolates in a Brazilian hospital.
AID531561Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sciuri obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID532199Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae WH42T harboring qnrA gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID1436819Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-negative Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID584495Antibacterial activity against porin, OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj3 expressing efflux system by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID597973Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 7006032011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1406197Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii ATCC 25830 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID543795Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID522686Antibacterial activity against gyrA01, parC14 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with ParC N91D mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID285799Antibacterial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID571145Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID342409Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK271 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1562785Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus topoisomerase-4 expressed in Escherichia coli assessed as relaxation of pBR322 substrate measured after 4 hrs by SDS-PAGE2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID428294Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BM4652 expressing adeIJK genes with pAT807 isolated from patient with urinary tract infection by E test2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
AdeIJK, a resistance-nodulation-cell division pump effluxing multiple antibiotics in Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID545357Ratio of MIC for Staphylococcus aureus SRR2a to MIC for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1624159Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 24 hrs2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164Synthesis and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides as antitubercular agents effective on drug resistant tuberculosis.
AID285739Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase positive Moraxella catarrhalis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID279875Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 250 uM promazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID279254Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3009 with GyrA S81Y and ParC S79Y mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID425560Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 3583 expressing mefA by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID565328Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M6282 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID285305Effect on 2 ug/ml moxifloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 218 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID1395495Antibacterial activity against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 12-6 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID557171Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949821 B-M isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID543810Bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs by serial dilution2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID577222Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 harboring phoU::ISphoA/haha mutation by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
The development of ciprofloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves multiple response stages and multiple proteins.
AID593814Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 1369 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID565318Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M2300 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID736553Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 12-42013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID285732Antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID518801Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium serovar 8 after 14 days by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activities of DC-159a, a novel fluoroquinolone, against Mycobacterium species.
AID279885Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 125 uM omeprazole2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID285513Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID322983Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-susceptible Mycoplasma pneumoniae Mac2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Activity of Garenoxacin against Macrolide-Susceptible and -Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
AID1256561Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-39 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID544953Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli expressing beta-lactamase CTX by Etest based on multiple determinants2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID285759Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter sp.2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1691421Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID1464087Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by trypan blue staining based assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives with antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity.
AID245138Minimum inhibitory concentration against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-332005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID580412Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as headache at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID561400Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP118 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID285302Susceptibility of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 218 by by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID544833Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae CP1000 by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID571850Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.12 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID559524Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID532390Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas putida isolate RM-11X-11 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID683324Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 by microbroth dilution method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Three new 12-carbamoylated streptothricins from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID1653098Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells by CCK8 assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 165Quinolone hybrids and their anti-cancer activities: An overview.
AID279884Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 250 uM omeprazole2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID1395482Antibacterial activity against new delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID544679Antimicrobial activity against AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Citrobacter freundii clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID279899Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 250 uM chlorpromazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID558929Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422e selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID285712Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus saprophyticus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID323885Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53 GyrA/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID531452Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 22 assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID574589Antimycobacterial activity against extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate 761 obtained from pus of patient at 2 ug/ml by Bactec MGIT960 modified proportion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Emergence and molecular characterization of extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from the Delhi Region in India.
AID285512Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID207999Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus (MSCR; Methicillin sensitive, ciprofloxacin resistant) MI3452003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID736554Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 12-12013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID541540Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID544894Antimicrobial activity against class A extended spectrum beta-lactamase- and class D OXA- producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID565314Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium TW10-6G by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID574802Antimycobacterial activity against extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate 2474 obtained from sputum of patient at 2 ug/ml by Bactec MGIT960 modified proportion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Emergence and molecular characterization of extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from the Delhi Region in India.
AID586725Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrS gene and pBK-QnrS1 assessed as mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1626609Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isogenic forms expressing gyrA S84L and parC S80F mutant2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14
Development of a Dual-Acting Antibacterial Agent (TNP-2092) for the Treatment of Persistent Bacterial Infections.
AID368422Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli KAM32 pSTVqepA containing qepA gene ligated to pSTV28 plasmid by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID285797Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae SVI infected once daily orally dosed CD1 mouse2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID372549Antibacterial activity against genetically beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b with an amino acid substitution in highly mutated locus Ser-385 of ftsI gene by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Genetic characteristics and clonal dissemination of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from the upper respiratory tract of patients in Japan.
AID271600Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus SA25582006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID558886Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253d selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID278599Inhibitory activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 T352007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AID545566Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli EIR8a to MIC for Escherichia coli NIHJ2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID571894Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii beta clonal group isolate 11 expressing ompA, adeB, adeM, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID539811Anticancer activity against human A549 after 3 to 5 days by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24
Novel lipophilic 7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as potential antitumor agents: improved synthesis and in vitro evaluation.
AID559545Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-susceptible Stenotrophomonas maltophilia by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID573127Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID279141Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1012 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID565014Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus simulans assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID531556Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus lugdunensis obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID1780456Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli isolates by CLSI method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20
Optimization of TopoIV Potency, ADMET Properties, and hERG Inhibition of 5-Amino-1,3-dioxane-Linked Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors: Identification of a Lead with
AID531447Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19F assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID1261266Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CMCC 26003 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID428801Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-239582007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID558628Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3681 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID564820Bactericidal activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID1773507Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate M-14 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID425776Antibacterial activity against macrolide-, quinolone-susceptible and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 100 after 34 passages by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID562220Antimicrobial activity against Desulfovibrio sp. by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Susceptibilities of 23 Desulfovibrio isolates from humans.
AID279267Antibacterial activity against clarithromycin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3243 with 23S rRNA A2059T mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID373036Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate BJ52 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID534082Antibacterial activity against cefotaxime-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID285963Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae B1 isolate with GyrA Asp88Tyr and AcrR Leu31His mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID496648Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1149 assessed as mutant prevention concentration by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID573145Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus viridans assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID498122Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA899 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID601785Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Enterococcus faecium 08-2 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID675060Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 10-14 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID1329020Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae PBS981 infected in CD-1 mouse assessed as reduction in bacterial load in lungs administered intravenously as single dose after 2 hrs of infection measured after 24 hrs post treatment2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 24, Issue:24
Discovery, pharmacology, and clinical profile of omadacycline, a novel aminomethylcycline antibiotic.
AID424879Antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Enterobacter cloacae E705 bearing qnrB10 gene with aac(6)-IId-aadA1a integron in presence of IPTG2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Complex class 1 integrons with diverse variable regions, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, and a novel allele, qnrB10, associated with ISCR1 in clinical enterobacterial isolates from Argentina.
AID576020Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RDN1 harboring cloned pTZ2238-encoded QacBIV A19T mutant gene by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Fluoroquinolone efflux by the plasmid-mediated multidrug efflux pump QacB variant QacBIII in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID561401Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP121 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID1243580Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID1773494Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID279270Antibacterial activity against moxifloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 24 with GyrA S81Y, GyrB P413S and ParC S79F mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID404269Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae IID5209 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID1626602Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isogenic forms expressing gyrA S84L mutant2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14
Development of a Dual-Acting Antibacterial Agent (TNP-2092) for the Treatment of Persistent Bacterial Infections.
AID534086Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID570702Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID559085Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID678717Inhibition of human CYP3A4 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 7-benzyloxyquinoline as substrate after 30 mins2012Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10
Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID271603Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis MGH2 EF1-12006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID323690Antibacterial activity against TEM92 ESBL-producing Acinetobacter baumannii by CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Spread in an Italian hospital of a clonal Acinetobacter baumannii strain producing the TEM-92 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase.
AID498189Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia MBS109 containing chromosomally encoded Smqnr gene by epsilon test2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
SmQnr contributes to intrinsic resistance to quinolones in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID1256552Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID540210Clearance in human after iv administration2008Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID523048Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase negative Haemophilus influenzae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID678712Inhibition of human CYP1A2 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using ethoxyresorufin as substrate after 30 mins2012Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10
Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID1691419Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID405464Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 containing pIP1206 plasmid by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID425579Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 3583 expressing mefA and harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, D83N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I462008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID533858Antibacterial activity against nonpigmented rapidly growing Mycobacterium alvei after 3 days by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activities of tigecycline and 10 other antimicrobials against nonpigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria.
AID1365705Antitubercular activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv harboring gyrB D94N mutant after 5 days2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 25, Issue:21
The antitubercular activity of various nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based compounds.
AID1691411Antibacterial activity against ESBL positive Escherichia coli 16-1 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID424421Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis HIP14333 isolated from patients rectum by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with Inc18-like vanA plasmids in Michigan.
AID571129Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID323892Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53/p1132 negative expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID1243586Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis 09-9 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID728897AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in Crj:CD rat liver at 5 mg/kg, po2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID535879Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae JN132 harboring GyrA S83I, ParC S80I mutant, wild-type GyrB and qnrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID557160Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1889646 B-F isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID279269Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 19 with GyrA S81Y and ParC D83Y mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID559517Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus bovis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID404273Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus Smith after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID423237Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase-positive Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID577216Ratio of MIC for wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 to Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 horboring gabD mutant gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
The development of ciprofloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves multiple response stages and multiple proteins.
AID279136Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1007 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID1417169Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10186 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID559536Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID573114Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1596883Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus VRS4 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID369631Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase positive ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae by E-test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Can the Etest correctly determine the MICs of beta-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics for beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae?
AID613799Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 09-33 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID537936Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 09-22 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID1256545Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-9 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID342431Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK135786 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID524412Antibacterial activity against Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates isolated from patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as cure rate at test-of-cure visit2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Worldwide experience with the use of doripenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: analysis of six phase 3 clinical studies.
AID531449Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 23A assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID573581Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Bacteroides caccae by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID559083Antibacterial activity against Neisseria meningitidis by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID559260Antibacterial activity against non-ciprofloxacin-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID564809Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus haemolyticus after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID391986Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 by twofold dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Role of a qnr-like gene in the intrinsic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis to fluoroquinolones.
AID279143Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1014 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID428850Time above the mutant prevention concentration in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-23958 infected human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1395497Antibacterial activity against new delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 harboring Enterobacter cloacae CDC1000654 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID428769Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-23958 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID528968Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID549014Antimicrobial activity against Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID573132Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID501606Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes 06-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID510170Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID1128833Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 12-33 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID1436822Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae 09-25 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID559606Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca isolate M2 harboring qnrS1 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID372981Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N018 after 14 days by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID570706Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID671566Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-26, Volume: 55, Issue:2
Fluorocyclines. 2. Optimization of the C-9 side-chain for antibacterial activity and oral efficacy.
AID373143Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N084 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as liver bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID508365Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID556919Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1134642 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID311524Oral bioavailability in human2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 15, Issue:24
Hologram QSAR model for the prediction of human oral bioavailability.
AID545557Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli EIR2a selected at 2 times MIC of imipenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID574583Antimycobacterial activity against extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate 625 obtained from sputum of patient at 2 ug/ml by Bactec MGIT960 modified proportion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Emergence and molecular characterization of extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from the Delhi Region in India.
AID396287Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae D39-3 with parC S79Y, gyrA S81F mutation by disk diffusion method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Identifying mutator phenotypes among fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae using fluctuation analysis.
AID532912Antimicrobial activity against KPC-3 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 557 transformant by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID559509Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID535691Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase CTX-M-15-producing fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli FMV5825 expressing qnrB2 and aac(6')-Ib-cr and harboring gyrA Ser83Ile and Asp87Asn mutant gene and ParC Ser80Ile and Glu84Val mutant gene obtained2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Detection of the pandemic O25-ST131 human virulent Escherichia coli CTX-M-15-producing clone harboring the qnrB2 and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in a dog.
AID573353Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Escherichia coli assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID586644Antibacterial activity against qnrB gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring ParC S80R mutant, ParC S80R mutant and pBK-QnrB1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID285519Antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID597972Antibacterial activity against Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli 08-52011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1436817Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis 09-9 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID396291Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1237 with parC S79F, gyrA S81Y mutation by disk diffusion method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Identifying mutator phenotypes among fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae using fluctuation analysis.
AID588208Literature-mined public compounds from Lowe et al phospholipidosis modelling dataset2010Molecular pharmaceutics, Oct-04, Volume: 7, Issue:5
Predicting phospholipidosis using machine learning.
AID285731Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus gallinarum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID373007Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N018 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as spleen bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID244968Minimum inhibitory concentration against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 278532005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID279902Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 31.3 uM chlorpromazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID1163996Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producin Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1256546Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-14 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID286091fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49610 at 1000 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID369576Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii 06-74 isolate by CLSI microdilution test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Colistin methanesulfonate against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.
AID556493Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1821386 B-D isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID529894Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Grippotyphosa isolate 2 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID673391Antibacterial activity against methicillin-, quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 22, Issue:15
Discovery of a novel azaindole class of antibacterial agents targeting the ATPase domains of DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase IV.
AID1691415Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID569538Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID537925Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-6 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID524703Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID531783Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID498116Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5026 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID556231Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2215767-9 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID586733Ratio of mutant prevention concentration to MIC for Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrS gene and pBK-QnrS12011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1773495Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID279863Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID279202Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 3009 by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID535646Antimicrobial activity against Group B Streptococcus serotype III NEM 316 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID575291Half life in human at 500 mg, po QD measured on day 10 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID545655Antimicrobial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID541092Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 by macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Linezolid alone or combined with rifampin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental foreign-body infection.
AID546061Antimicrobial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID575289AUC (0 to infinity) in human at 500 mg, po QD measured on day 10 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID586645Antibacterial activity against qnrS gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring ParC S80R mutant, ParC S80R mutant and pBK-QnrS1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID728896AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in Crj:CD rat kidney at 5 mg/kg, po2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1256537Antibacterial activity against ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-17 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID562588Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium expressing VanA gene clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID428800Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 496192007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID586650Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID342412Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK51with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1596884Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus VRS1 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID508380Antibacterial activity against macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring mutation in L4 ribosomal protein after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID570699Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.12 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1163992Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID404292Antibacterial activity against quinoline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 containing single grlA mutation after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID559079Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID561839AUC in plasma of Swiss-Webster mouse infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 200 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in a murine pneumonia model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: determination of epithelial lining fluid targets.
AID534192Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae expressing beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 obtained from criticall ill liver transplant recipient by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
KPC-2-producing Enterobacter cloacae and pseudomonas putida coinfection in a liver transplant recipient.
AID557801Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pHS12 carrying qnrC gene by CLSI agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis.
AID322986Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae with 23S rRNA A2063G mutant isolate 62007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Activity of Garenoxacin against Macrolide-Susceptible and -Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
AID1127623Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 NCTC 7466 expressing GyrA S81F/ParC S79Y double mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID1311352Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis NCIM 2063 by broth dilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of novel ethyl 2-(2-(4-substituted)acetamido)-4-subtituted-thiazole-5-carboxylate derivatives.
AID559076Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible Haemophilus influenzae by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID544955Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing isolate by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID571124Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID535855Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae GZ40 harboring GyrA S83I, ParC S80I mutant, wild-type GyrB and qnrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID285795Antibacterial efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis MGH2 infected orally dosed CD1 mouse model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID573361Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1667170Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ATCC 196062020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID245012Minimum inhibitory concentration against Haemophilus influenzae GYR 1435 gram-negative strain 2005Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-02, Volume: 15, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 5-methoxy- and 5-hydroxy-6-fluoro-1,8-naphthyridone-3-carboxylic acid derivatives.
AID573120Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative and oxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1906417Antibacterial activity against imipenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA 1705 assessed as reduction in microbial growth incubated for 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 235Amphiphilic cyclic peptide [W
AID574954Antimicrobial activity against multiple drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID1846925Antibacterial activity against wild type Acinetobacter baumannii NCTC 13304 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID423245Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis isolated from respiratory tract infected patients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID428851Time above the mutant prevention concentration in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 infected human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID584579Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate M expressing beta-lactamase OXA-58 isolated from tracheal secretion of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID1667162Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 278532020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID323896Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae C2/pMG252 GyrA Ser83Phe mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID559391Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630A selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID675057Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 10-11 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID1164011Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-6 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1773504Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate M-11 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID556944Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis 1134841 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID290341Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus SA25522007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8
The synthesis and biological evaluation of novel series of nitrile-containing fluoroquinolones as antibacterial agents.
AID1436813Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 09-13 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID285744Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID565748Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis expressing VanB gene clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID576351Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis Bour serovar E infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID510156Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 35218 by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID285743Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID318669Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus KT0116 in mouse dosed iv 1 hr after infection2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID1243305Toxicity in ICR mouse administered as single intravenous dose2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID558604Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1055 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID521843Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli J53 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States.
AID556723Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1889647 B-H isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID559373Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422A selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID528820Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from ICU patient respiratory tract assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID573350Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Enterobacter cloacae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1256533Antibacterial activity against ESBL-positive Escherichia coli 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID404947Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate assessed as percent resistant isolates by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID1127617Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 NCTC 7466 expressing ParE/GyrB K143I mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID1180566Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium by broth microdilution/CLSI method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 57, Issue:14
Optimization of pyrrolamide topoisomerase II inhibitors toward identification of an antibacterial clinical candidate (AZD5099).
AID294458Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi ATCC 19430 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID323891Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Escherichia coli J53/p1960 GyrA/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID499671Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID559521Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus oralis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID558600Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 12 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID528821Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from ICU patient wound assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID573319Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ1 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qnrS1 by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID530123Antimicrobial activity against hospital acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 56 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Pharmacodynamic characterization of ceftobiprole in experimental pneumonia caused by phenotypically diverse Staphylococcus aureus strains.
AID558906Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5f harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID559148Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630c selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1562758Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID1256532Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1691420Antibacterial activity against Shigella ATCC 12022 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID511391Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter freundii by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID1128851Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-deficient Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-4 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID1395479Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase deficient Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID559196Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5F harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID508386Antibacterial activity against macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes harboring erm(B) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID516163Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activity of telavancin against a contemporary worldwide collection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
AID528704Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus intermedius clinical isolate assessed as susceptibility level by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID318647Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus KMP9 clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID541501Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1891911Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BAA 1605 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by microtiter plate assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 64Identification of nitrofuranylchalcone tethered benzoxazole-2-amines as potent inhibitors of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrating bactericidal efficacy.
AID560065Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 5401 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1398602Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 890325-1 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID573341Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Citrobacter freundii assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID556240Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1821383 B-E isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID544956Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing isolate by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID498786Antimicrobial activity against strong ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes at 10 ug by disk diffusion assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Prevalence and clonal characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility in Spain.
AID545569Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PRR4a selected at 4 times MIC of tomopenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID373025Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate PU73 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID1261256Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-19 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID561394Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP113 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID519991Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis nosocomial isolate2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID428852Time above the mutant prevention concentration in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26137 infected human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1395481Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID1685385Potentiation of conjugate 10-induced antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 assessed as conjugate 10 MIC measured after 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 64 to 128 ug/ml)2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID556911Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2215767-10 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1256564Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID271601Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SA14172006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID523042Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID576551Antimicrobial activity against recA-deficient Escherichia coli MG1655 after 24 hrs by modified broth macrodilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Impact of recA on levofloxacin exposure-related resistance development.
AID342225Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae L22 with parC Lys137Asn and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID501609Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 7 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID524827Antibacterial activity against erythromycin susceptible Campylobacter sp. assessed as resistance breakpoint by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli strains: in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents.
AID542513Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, Y87 and parC K84 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID557149Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2215770 B-T isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID395716Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B by twofold dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Role of a qnr-like gene in the intrinsic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis to fluoroquinolones.
AID1311226Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 14-42016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID1678763Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27893 using cyrene as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID577242Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB097 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID728904Chloroform-phosphate buffer apparent partition coefficient of the compound, log P at pH 7.42013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID613800Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 09-34 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID1297328Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID524700Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID542777Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae D24 expressing aac(6')-Ib-cr and CTX-M-9G genes by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
AID558617Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3260 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID673393Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ARC5482012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 22, Issue:15
Discovery of a novel azaindole class of antibacterial agents targeting the ATPase domains of DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase IV.
AID499679Antimicrobial activity against quinolone and penicillin-resistant Escherichia coli after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID342417Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK619 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID422683Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 37 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID342413Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK299 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID532675Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID559534Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1180520Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution/CLSI method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 57, Issue:14
Optimization of pyrrolamide topoisomerase II inhibitors toward identification of an antibacterial clinical candidate (AZD5099).
AID1311236Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-12016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID532678Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates assessed as resistant isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID1504626Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247 by microbroth dilution method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-09, Volume: 8, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure.
AID728881Primary phase half life in cynomolgus monkey serum at 10 mg/kg, iv2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID428787Fraction unbound in human serum at 100 mg, po2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID533861Antibacterial activity against nonpigmented rapidly growing Mycobacterium septicum after 3 days by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activities of tigecycline and 10 other antimicrobials against nonpigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria.
AID544906Antimicrobial activity against Morganella morganii clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1474725Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
Novel bioactive molecules from Lentzea violacea strain AS 08 using one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) approach.
AID511393Antibacterial activity against Levofloxacin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID541507Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase-negative Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID530124Antimicrobial activity against community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 147 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Pharmacodynamic characterization of ceftobiprole in experimental pneumonia caused by phenotypically diverse Staphylococcus aureus strains.
AID1667167Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 122282020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID546053Antimicrobial activity against Proteus vulgaris by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID545545Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus SMR2a selected at 2 times MIC of meropenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID556926Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1134684 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID558917Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5h harboring GyrA Ala118Ser, Thr82Ala and GyrB Ser416Ala mutant genes selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID675070Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium 10-9 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID425073Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B expressing pCR2.1 in presence of IPTG2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Complex class 1 integrons with diverse variable regions, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, and a novel allele, qnrB10, associated with ISCR1 in clinical enterobacterial isolates from Argentina.
AID559610Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Escherichia coli clinical isolate by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID573349Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Enterobacter cloacae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID604022Fraction unbound in Sprague-Dawley rat plasma administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr by LC-MS/MS method2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID285751Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1143643Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 259222014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID572122Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii lambda clonal group isolate 28 expressing ampC, ompA, adeM, aadB, aadA1 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID586633Antibacterial activity against qnrA gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrA1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID529496Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli T-622 harboring expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID1887575Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as reduction in preformed bacterial biofilm mass at 1 time MIC incubated for 24 hrs by crystal violet staining based microtiter plate reader assay2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID1127615Antibacterial activity against wild type Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID508375Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID1730995Antitubercular activity against extensively drug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis R506 XDR by MABA2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 213Design and synthesis of mycobacterial pks13 inhibitors: Conformationally rigid tetracyclic molecules.
AID565737Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID498097Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1022 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID544964Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae expressing beta-lactamase DHA by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID531459Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 15A assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID532683Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible, DY PFGE pattern, emm6 type Streptococcus pyogenes with ST382 sequence type, ParC S79A mutant isolated from oropharyngeal colonization2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID573336Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID323041Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase producing Proteus mirabilis isolates2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Predictors of mortality in patients with bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: importance of inadequate initial antimicrobial treatment.
AID285716Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID530589Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pSmQnr1 carrying Smqnr gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID532894Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 475 transformant by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID544947Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae E397 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID559140Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422g harboring GyrA Asp81Asn mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID556485Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens 2297260 B-U isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1297317Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID556508Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1821383 B-E isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID285521Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID561736Antibacterial activity against Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus group B assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID571104Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID244977Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae type II was determined2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-18, Volume: 14, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids bearing cyclopropane-fused 2-amino-8-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-yl substituents at the C-7 position.
AID368423Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli KAM32 pSTVdeltaqepA containing disrupted qepA gene by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID40781In vitro antibacterial activity measured as minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated on Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633(Bs).1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID341089Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile clinical isolates by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
In vitro activities of 15 antimicrobial agents against 110 toxigenic clostridium difficile clinical isolates collected from 1983 to 2004.
AID521453Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T28 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID1424066Antibiotic activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate CAIRD116 by broth microdilution assay or Alamar blue dye based colorimetric assay2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
The Berkeleylactones, Antibiotic Macrolides from Fungal Coculture.
AID208010Antibacterial activity against Quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 72572004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-21, Volume: 14, Issue:12
Novel inhibitors of bacterial protein synthesis: structure-activity relationships for 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives incorporating position 3 and 4 variants.
AID539713Anticancer activity against human PC3 after 5 days by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24
Novel lipophilic 7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as potential antitumor agents: improved synthesis and in vitro evaluation.
AID586737Ratio of mutant prevention concentration to MIC for qnrS gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrS12011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID278600Inhibitory activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 07-0062007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AID423261Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected inpatients assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID1695872Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after overnight incubation by CLSI M7-A9 based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID510502Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex isolate C1AC9-24 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID530635Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CB814 harboring fluoroquinolone-resistant gyrA S84L and parC S80F mutant genes by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID561846Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected in Swiss-Webster mouse at 200 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in a murine pneumonia model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: determination of epithelial lining fluid targets.
AID573136Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID559615Antimicrobial activity against qnrB/S-positive Escherichia coli clinical isolate assessed as susceptible isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID573142Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus agalactiae assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID728913Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma pneumoniae 18-1 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID736568Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolate 12-72013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID278595Inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli 12-15022007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AID570668Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID574432Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 543 expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, CTX-M-15, TEM and PFGE cluster 4 isolated from synovial fluid of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID1243293Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID1780306Antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa LESB58 RS21000 and RS21005 mutant assessed as reduction in bacterial growth by broth microdilution assay
AID561845Absorption rate constant in epithelial lining fluid of Swiss-Webster mouse infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 200 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in a murine pneumonia model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: determination of epithelial lining fluid targets.
AID271605Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium EF4-34892006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID558597Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 9 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID584111Bacteriostatic activity against Escherichia coli K-12 DM41002010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
Effect of N-1/c-8 ring fusion and C-7 ring structure on fluoroquinolone lethality.
AID675080Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 10-1 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID586732Ratio of mutant prevention concentration to MIC for Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrB gene and pBK-QnrB12011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1311232Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-12016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID279867Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 125 uM prochlorperazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID559505Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus hominis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID565290Antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma pneumoniae by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
In vitro activity of a new quinoline derivative, ER-2, against clinical isolates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma hominis.
AID67922Antibacterial activity evaluated against Enterococcus faecalis2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-03, Volume: 47, Issue:12
Chemometric studies on the bactericidal activity of quinolones via an extended VolSurf approach.
AID728912Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma pneumoniae ATCC 29085 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID279130Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1001 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID544671Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter koseri clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID425356Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1059 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F, K137N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460N mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID524983Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sp. clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Comparative surveillance study of telavancin activity against recently collected gram-positive clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID560523Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate gs07022 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID573369Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Proteus mirabilis assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID573157Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID571694Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii alpha clonal group isolate 3 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aacC1, aadA1 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID571839Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.12 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID425346Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1066 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID569532Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1001 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID279134Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1005 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID577240Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB168 with PFGE subgroup A1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID372351Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in absence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in presence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID565317Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M2282 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID697247AUC (infinity) in CD1 mouse infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ARC 1692 at 40 mg/kg/day, ip2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 55, Issue:15
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II with reduced pK(a): antibacterial agents with an improved safety profile.
AID556943Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1134642 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID559411Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2F harboring GyrB Glu466Lys mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID529862Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa N045 to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID498100Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA880 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1243591Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID423241Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase-negative Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients assessed as susceptible isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID425653Renal clearance in human2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15
Physicochemical determinants of human renal clearance.
AID1167739Antimicrobial activity against wild-type Staphylococcus aureus 516 by broth microdilution method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-13, Volume: 57, Issue:21
Novel DNA gyrase inhibiting spiropyrimidinetriones with a benzisoxazole scaffold: SAR and in vivo characterization.
AID1759120Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 by agar method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41Design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of PFK-158 derivatives as potent agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID544837Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1051 harboring gyrA Ser81Tyr mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID119795In vivo number of survivors on day 0 after administration (15 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID1209456Inhibition of Sprague-Dawley rat Bsep expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake2012Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1
In vitro inhibition of the bile salt export pump correlates with risk of cholestatic drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID162775In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853)1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9
Synthesis and bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitory properties of a spirocyclopropylquinolone derivative.
AID556497Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1655646 A-Y isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID560074Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 5420 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID529494Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 837 containing PFGE genetic clone B expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID575084Antimicrobial activity against multiple drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6B assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID562596Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID573394Antibacterial activity against Bacteroides fragilis by by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID496635Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 496192010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID498104Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA876 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID278667Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 25132007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm.
AID556737Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1889640 A-Z isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID530633Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CB811 harboring quinolone-resistant gyrA S84L mutant gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID556712Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 1949822 B-J isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID294448Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 1 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID520396Antibacterial activity against mef(E) and mef(A)-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate CC-6B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Polyclonal population structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Spain carrying mef and mef plus erm(B).
AID533853Antibacterial activity against nonpigmented rapidly growing Mycobacterium chelonae after 3 days by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activities of tigecycline and 10 other antimicrobials against nonpigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria.
AID1445941Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus EMRSA-15 assessed as time required to kill bacteria by 3 log10CFU/ml at 4 times MIC by Miles Misra dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Triaryl Benzimidazoles as a New Class of Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms.
AID1562755Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae NCTC13368 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID497948Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID543815Bactericidal activity against Acinetobacter baumannii VT 126 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID544761Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E409 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID543798Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes VT 59 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID557808Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 by CLSI agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis.
AID559392Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630B selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID531425Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 22 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID545837Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID559537Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID629123Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus hirae CIP 5855 after 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID405824Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii 696 isolate harboring bla IMP-1 carrying integron In86 containing aminoglycoside resistance gene aac(6')-32007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Characterization of an integron carrying blaIMP-1 and a new aminoglycoside resistance gene, aac(6')-31, and its dissemination among genetically unrelated clinical isolates in a Brazilian hospital.
AID570692Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID532398Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone D1 isolate VA-06X-63 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID532676Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates assessed as susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID425765Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 228 expressing ermB and harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79Y mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I4602008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID318651Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 12344 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID1406192Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID565003Bactericidal activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus hominis after 24 hrs by plate counting method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID286056Peak free concentration at 812.5 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID342407Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK122 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID528504Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 8 times MIC upto 60 mins by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID728917Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli NIHJ after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1209593Dissociation constant, pKa of the acidic compound by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry analysis2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods.
AID559159Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630h harboring GyrB Asp26Val mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID519139Antimicrobial activity against community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus expressing PVL gene and mec type IV gene assessed as susceptible strains by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Antimicrobial activities of Ceftaroline and ME1036 tested against clinical strains of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID688667Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after overnight incubation by broth microdilution method2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Biologically active dibenzofurans from Pilidiostigma glabrum, an endemic Australian Myrtaceae.
AID1380676Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Escherichia coli by broth microdilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10
Discovery and Optimization of Indolyl-Containing 4-Hydroxy-2-Pyridone Type II DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors Active against Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria.
AID285706Antibacterial activity against oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID556954Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID728899AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in Crj:CD rat lung at 5 mg/kg, po2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID580387Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis infected in microbiologically evaluable patient with UTI assessed as cure rate at 250 mg, iv qd for 10 days measured at test-of-cure visit2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1256534Antibacterial activity against ESBL-positive Escherichia coli 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID498093Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA861 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1256560Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-37 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1273941Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 assessed as inhibition of 24 hrs pre-established biofilm formation at 0.064 umol/well after 20 hrs by visible spectrometric analysis2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID1416779Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2018MedChemComm, Jan-01, Volume: 9, Issue:1
Synthesis and
AID736561Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis isolate 12-32013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID524702Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro antibacterial activity of CE-156811, a novel analog derived from hygromycin A.
AID522676Antibacterial activity against gyrA04, parC09 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA S81F/ParC D83N mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID205924Antimicrobial activity against the faecium ATCC 8043 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID558615Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 2874 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID1436827Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 15 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID373047Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate FZ4A18 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID519999Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes harboring mef(A) gene2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID560520Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate sh07043 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID529901Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae isolate 10 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID521461Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T13 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID523046Antimicrobial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial activities of torezolid (TR-700), the active moiety of a new oxazolidinone, torezolid phosphate (TR-701), determination of tentative disk diffusion interpretive criteria, and quality control ranges.
AID522670Antibacterial activity against gyrA04, parC allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA S81F, S79F mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID1593377Inhibition of Pks13 D1644G/N1640K double mutant thioesterase domain in extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis R506 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth by microplate alamar blue assay2019Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-11, Volume: 62, Issue:7
Identification of Novel Coumestan Derivatives as Polyketide Synthase 13 Inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Part II.
AID368420Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli KAM32 pHPA containing mutated GyrA gene by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID532908Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 526 transformant by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID1398609Apparent partition coefficient, log P of the compound in CHCL3/03.1 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.42018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID1079934Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID1311238Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-32016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID571369Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1311224Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 14-12016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID535643Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype III N3 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID580421Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as asymptomatic bacteriuria at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID509865Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978 isolated from human CSF2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acinetobacter baumannii increases tolerance to antibiotics in response to monovalent cations.
AID559147Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630b selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID562384Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID530126Antimicrobial activity against community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 144 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Pharmacodynamic characterization of ceftobiprole in experimental pneumonia caused by phenotypically diverse Staphylococcus aureus strains.
AID1163999Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12-12 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID286057Peak free concentration at 875 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID528824Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID571125Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1311225Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 14-22016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID548473Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Mu50omega expressing vraSn mutant gene after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Contribution of vraSR and graSR point mutations to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
AID559633Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii clinical isolate assessed as susceptible isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID584502Antibacterial activity against porin deficient OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj5 revertant by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID545829Antimicrobial activity against Corynebacterium jeikeium by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID509858Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii using MHB medium assessed as bacterial growth at 0.09 mg/L in presence of 150 mM of KCl2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acinetobacter baumannii increases tolerance to antibiotics in response to monovalent cations.
AID1474728Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
Novel bioactive molecules from Lentzea violacea strain AS 08 using one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) approach.
AID342256Effect on growth of fluoroquinolone-resistant epidemic Clostridium difficile NAP1 in CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial density in cecal content at 2.0 mg/day, sc for 5 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID425343Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1151 harboring D83N, K137N mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene showing efflux to ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin by agar dilution 2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID528976Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ICU patient urine assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID424423Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis HIP15179 coisolated with vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with Inc18-like vanA plasmids in Michigan.
AID425348Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1073 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID586638Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrB gene and pBK-QnrB1 by broth microdilution method2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID208306Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pneumoniae (PS; Penicillin sensitive) STP63012003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID428811Ratio of Cmax in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-239582007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1678762Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 using DMSO as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID559070Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1395504Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis 12-5 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID520957Antimicrobial activity against Corynebacterium jeikeium isolates by CLSI M45-A protocol based microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Activity of Tigecycline against Coryneform Bacteria of Clinical Interest and Listeria monocytogenes.
AID444052Hepatic clearance in human2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID318662Antibacterial activity against Peptostreptococcus magnus GAI 5528 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID1395477Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium ATCC 700221 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID535635Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype VI R5 harboring F395L, V405A, R433H, H438Y, and G648A mutations in PBP 2X and T567I mutation in PBP 2B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID573302Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ9 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID1380675Antibacterial activity against aminoglycoside resistant Escherichia coli by broth microdilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10
Discovery and Optimization of Indolyl-Containing 4-Hydroxy-2-Pyridone Type II DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors Active against Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria.
AID422690Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3413 after 30 passages with Telithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID571354Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID531780Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID342399Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1781778Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as time for post-antibiotic effect at 1XMIC incubated for 1 hr followed by drug wash-out and measured every single 1 hr
AID675084Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 10-3 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID570687Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID369446Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus group A after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
In vitro activity of telavancin against gram-positive clinical isolates recently obtained in Europe.
AID556477Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 2297262-9 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID571837Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID425580Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 3583 expressing mefA and harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene and I460V, D435N mutation in QRDR of ParE g2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID237458Partition coefficient (logD7.4)2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID437329Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID728885Drug uptake in cynomolgus monkey serum at 10 mg/kg, iv after 5 mins2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID373986Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant aac(6')-Ib-cr expressing Escherichia coli J53 qnrA1 bearing pHS3 transconjugant from Citrobacter freundii 64 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Prevalence and expression of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID597981Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii 490862011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID373045Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate ZS15 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID497949Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1054 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation by microtiter plate reader assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID565327Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M6151 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID436987Inhibition of human NCI-H460 cell proliferation by sulphorodhamine B assay2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
7-((4-Substituted)piperazin-1-yl) derivatives of ciprofloxacin: synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation as potential antitumor agents.
AID285289Effect on 32 ug/ml ciprofloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 334 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID675076Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli 10-2 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID531419Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID405823Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii 9043 isolate harboring bla IMP-1 carrying integron In86 containing aminoglycoside resistance gene aac(6')-32007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Characterization of an integron carrying blaIMP-1 and a new aminoglycoside resistance gene, aac(6')-31, and its dissemination among genetically unrelated clinical isolates in a Brazilian hospital.
AID1380673Antibacterial activity against wild type Escherichia coli by broth microdilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-24, Volume: 61, Issue:10
Discovery and Optimization of Indolyl-Containing 4-Hydroxy-2-Pyridone Type II DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors Active against Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria.
AID286145Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 at fAUC/MIC of 104 after 24 to 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID570907Antibacterial activity against community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.12 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID575101Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 23B assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID519986Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae nosocomial isolate2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID535755Antimicrobial activity against community-acquired Escherichia coli obtained from patient with intra-abdominal infection assessed as susceptible isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in community- and hospital-associated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrob
AID1297334Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-19 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1818478Inhibition of biofilm formation in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as biofilm dispersal effect at 10 uM incubated for 5 hrs followed by exposure to UV light irradiation for 1 min by crystal violet staining based analysis2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-13, Volume: 65, Issue:1
Light-Triggered Fluorescence Self-Reporting Nitric Oxide Release from Coumarin Analogues for Accelerating Wound Healing and Synergistic Antimicrobial Applications.
AID433810Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae Spn-058 infected in one-compartment pharmacodynamic system assessed as regrowth of bacteria administered at simulated at 500 mg QD dosage regimen measured on day 62007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID285709Antibacterial activity against oxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID285710Antibacterial activity against oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID535360Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens in Spain: latest data and changes over 11 years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007).
AID496650Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 3321 assessed as mutant prevention concentration by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID558698Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD25 expressing tcdA, tcdB gene and GyrB Ser416Ala mutant by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID559623Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca clinical isolate assessed as resistant isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID548533Antimicrobial activity against Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID529482Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 140 containing PFGE genetic clone A expressing beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID1436814Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID530348Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 by disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance pump QepA2 in an Escherichia coli isolate from France.
AID113378In vivo efficacy as ED50 against Escherichia coli HM-42 by oral administration in mice.1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID1256549Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-19 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID571366Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.06 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID559609Antimicrobial activity against qnrB-positive Escherichia coli clinical isolate assessed as susceptible isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID425573Antibacterial activity against macrolide-, quinolone-susceptible and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 99 harboring S81Y and S79Y mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA and ParC genes respectively after 41 passages 2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID545014Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa P335 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID728910Antibacterial activity against Chlamydophila pneumoniae CM-1 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1691418Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 43560 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID428295Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BM4579 expressing adeIJK genes with pAT807 isolated from patient with urinary tract infection by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
AdeIJK, a resistance-nodulation-cell division pump effluxing multiple antibiotics in Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID373030Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate PU78 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID565012Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus simulans after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID1887593Post antibiotic effect against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 at 10 times MIC incubated for 1 hr followed by replacement with drug free medium and measured every 1 hr (Rvb = 0 hr)2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID318657Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus saccharolyticus GAI 5520 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID1417154Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID531565Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID545824Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID559065Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mitis by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID535885Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae JN41 harboring GyrA S83I, ParC S80I mutant, wild-type GyrB and qnrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID541543Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus avium clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID1500591Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis RIF-R1 harboring rpoB S522L mutant after 5 days by fluorescence-based assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 138The antitrypanosomal and antitubercular activity of some nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based aromatic amines.
AID372368Antibacterial activity against hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12-09-15/MEM mutant in presence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID1365703Antitubercular activity against isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv INH-R1 harboring katG Y155 mutant after 5 days2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 25, Issue:21
The antitubercular activity of various nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based compounds.
AID374533Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 1 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID206728Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-03, Volume: 47, Issue:12
Chemometric studies on the bactericidal activity of quinolones via an extended VolSurf approach.
AID342396Antimicrobial activity against atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae L25 with parC Lys137Asn mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1311237Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-22016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID318671Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae KT2524 in mouse dosed iv 1 hr after infection2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID560266Cmax in mouse at 60 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID542515Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, Y87, parC I80 and parE A458 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID437326Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 05-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID528840Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from ICU patient respiratory tract assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID509635Antibacterial activity against tetracycline trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole kanamycin-resistant Escherichia coli isolate C14-9 carrying qnrB19 gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Characterization of small ColE-like plasmids mediating widespread dissemination of the qnrB19 gene in commensal enterobacteria.
AID529493Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 781 containing PFGE genetic clone B expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID286142Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 at fAUC/MIC of 86 after 24 to 72 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID559404Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2B selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID571371Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID573325Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ12 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA, qnrS2, aac(6')-Ib-cr gene by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID391988Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 containing ORI23::qnr-cat promoter mutant by twofold dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Role of a qnr-like gene in the intrinsic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis to fluoroquinolones.
AID573386Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase-positive Moraxella catarrhalis assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID542510Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, N87, parC I80, K84 and parE D460 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID293151Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 17, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new quinolone derivatives utilizing 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane.
AID531782Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas fluorescens obtained from complicated skin and skin structure infections by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against pathogens from two phase 3 clinical trials of complicated skin and skin structure infections.
AID279879Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 15.6 uM promazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID542502Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, N87 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID1355066Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 700698 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID285523Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID544755Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E351 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID565730Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus Group F clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID559531Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible Haemophilus influenzae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID342222Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae L13 with parC Asp83Tyr and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID556236Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 1949822 B-J isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID342235Antimicrobial activity against Viridans streptococcus L26 gyrA Ser81Phe and parC Lys137Asn mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID575099Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 15A assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID1254959Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli KC-14 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID532033Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter werkmanii PS012 expressing PMQR determinant qnrB22 gene by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Novel variants of the qnrB gene, qnrB22 and qnrB23, in Citrobacter werkmanii and Citrobacter freundii.
AID562591Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID613793Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID559511Antibacterial activity against Lancefield Streptococcus sp. group F assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID529486Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 533 containing PFGE genetic clone A expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID560077Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 796 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID508381Antibacterial activity against macrolide-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID323918Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2A1-1 fast2 with rplC D159Y and unmapped mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID573117Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID285730Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus casseliflavus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID535870Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae GZ51T harboring qnrA gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID498787Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes harboring Asp91/Asn mutation in parC gene at 10 ug by disk diffusion assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Prevalence and clonal characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility in Spain.
AID573148Antibacterial activity against penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus viridans assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID675089Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10-15 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID1653099Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells by CCK8 assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 165Quinolone hybrids and their anti-cancer activities: An overview.
AID342070Effect on growth of nonepidemic Clostridium difficile ATCC 9689 in sc dosed CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial overgrowth in cecal content administered 12 times the usual human dose for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID535894Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Citrobacter freundii JN64T harboring qnrA gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID629450Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ARC516 infected in CD1 mouse neutropenic thigh infection model assessed as 1 log reduction in colony forming unit per lung at 20 mg/kg, ip qd administered 2 hrs post-infection measured 24 hrs post-treat2011Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-24, Volume: 54, Issue:22
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II: broad-spectrum antibacterial agents with reduced hERG activity.
AID1565881Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by two-fold broth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one derivatives as potential chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents.
AID545546Ratio of MIC for Staphylococcus aureus SMR2a to MIC for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID301558Antibacterial activity against Shigella boydii 51313 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 7-(substituted)-aminomethyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid derivatives.
AID342428Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK125807 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID531446Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID564815Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID601780Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-6 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1254968Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens IFO3736 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID544943Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E437 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID1079936Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID529199Antibacterial activity against AmpC-producing Escherichia coli assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Comparison of antimicrobial resistance profiles among extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and acquired AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from Canadian intensive care units.
AID342220Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae L6 with gyrA Ser81Phe, parC Lys137Asn and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID543803Bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 1 to 10 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID556509Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens 2297260 B-U isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID575310Half life in Rhesus monkey at 15 mg/kg by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID580490Drug related treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as headache at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID374400Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolate 1 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID373033Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate BJ3-23 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID528819Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID93888Minimum inhibitory concentration against Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR; Ciprofloxacin resistant) KL3282003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID1887539Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID1626615Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isogenic forms expressing rpoB H481Y and gyrA S84L mutant2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14
Development of a Dual-Acting Antibacterial Agent (TNP-2092) for the Treatment of Persistent Bacterial Infections.
AID584498Antibacterial activity against porin deficient OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj3 revertant by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID279138Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1009 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID1483965Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 infected in C57BL6 mouse cornea assessed as decrease in number of viable bacteria at 0.5% administered topically at 2 hrs interval for 4 times starting on day 1 post infection measured post l2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-23, Volume: 60, Issue:4
Symmetrically Substituted Xanthone Amphiphiles Combat Gram-Positive Bacterial Resistance with Enhanced Membrane Selectivity.
AID1591967Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 assessed as prevention of visible bacterial growth incubated for 18 hrs by broth dilution method2019Journal of natural products, 08-23, Volume: 82, Issue:8
Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Cervinomycins B
AID561838Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in a murine pneumonia model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: determination of epithelial lining fluid targets.
AID498296Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1032 overexpressing multidrug efflux pump MexAB-OprM assessed as reduction in log CFU/ml at 2 ug/ml up to 48 hrs in presence of cystic fibrosis patient sputum2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1395517Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter freundii ATCC 43864 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID571767Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 3-AG300 harboring AcrB-615-628MexB-M626I mutant gene2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Site-directed mutagenesis reveals amino acid residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB that confer macrolide resistance.
AID1417175Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus VRS12 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID342239Antimicrobial activity against atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae L10 with gyrA Ser81Phe and parC Lys197Asn mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID573377Antibacterial activity against imipenem-susceptible Acinetobacter assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID577232Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-intermediate Acinetobacter baumannii AB166 with PFGE subgroup A3 containing carbapenemase OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID497951Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5063 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation by microtiter plate reader assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID318665Antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium granulosum GAI 7414 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID588212Literature-mined compound from Fourches et al multi-species drug-induced liver injury (DILI) dataset, effect in rodents2010Chemical research in toxicology, Jan, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.
AID556708Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2215767-10 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID323916Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2A1-8 with rplC G152D, D159Y and unmapped mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID532685Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible, BT PFGE pattern, emm28 type Streptococcus pyogenes with ST52 sequence type, ParC D83G mutant isolated from skin/soft tissue infection2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID556217Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens 2297260 B-U isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID688542Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 after overnight incubation by broth microdilution method2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Biologically active dibenzofurans from Pilidiostigma glabrum, an endemic Australian Myrtaceae.
AID279145Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1016 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID1464089Antibacterial activity against linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus 2975 assessed as inhibition of microbial growth incubated for 24 hrs by microdilution assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives with antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity.
AID245224Minimum inhibitory concentration against Vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus MU 502005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1773513Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate M-20 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID271595Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis BC-35312006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID1254967Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis IFO3849 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID524414Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates isolated from patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as cure rate at test-of-cure visit2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Worldwide experience with the use of doripenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: analysis of six phase 3 clinical studies.
AID318655Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis K1209 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID675061Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 10-10 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID559522Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus salivarius assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID533862Antibacterial activity against nonpigmented rapidly growing Mycobacterium wolinskyi after 3 days by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activities of tigecycline and 10 other antimicrobials against nonpigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria.
AID544921Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus clinical isolate after 18 to 22 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Establishment of in vitro susceptibility testing methodologies and comparative activities of piperacillin in combination with the penem {beta}-lactamase inhibitor BLI-489.
AID301559Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 46101 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 7-(substituted)-aminomethyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid derivatives.
AID558626Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3481 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID522674Antibacterial activity against gyrA03, parC08 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA E85K, S79F mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID206370In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212)1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9
Synthesis and bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitory properties of a spirocyclopropylquinolone derivative.
AID246862Efficacy against mice infected with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 upon s.c. administration2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID528826Antimicrobial activity against ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from ICU patient wound assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID601787Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID559238Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae W001 harboring wild-type parC and gyrA genes assessed as mutation prevention concentration after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID1417168Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10192 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID323880Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B/pACYC184 expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID570930Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1667160Antimicrobial activity against ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 7006032020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID1695910Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 13-72019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID1729225Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli BW25113 harboring AcrB deletion mutant by two-fold broth dilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 213Design and structural optimization of novel 2H-benzo[h]chromene derivatives that target AcrB and reverse bacterial multidrug resistance.
AID542508Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, N87 and parC R80, V84 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID571857Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID562379Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID542514Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, Y87 and parC I80 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID1127589Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive wild type Staphylococcus aureus assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID1781726Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition in presence of outermembrane permeabilizer, PMBN incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID510507Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex isolate M3AC9-7 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID556496Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1780064 A-X isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID558609Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1397 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID245172Minimum inhibitory concentration against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-50232005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1355056Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus saprophyticus ATCC 15305 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID285775Antibacterial activity against Peptostreptococcus prevotii2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID559170Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2d harboring GyrB Arg447Lys and Asp426Asn mutant gene selected after 32 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1398629Drug recovery in cynomolgus monkey urine at 10 mg/kg, iv after 24 hrs2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID278672Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 57332007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm.
AID1243285Antimicrobial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID279261Antibacterial activity against moxifloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3665 with GyrA S81Y mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID1164001Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1167743Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 2800 harboring GyrB K143I/T172A mutant by broth microdilution method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-13, Volume: 57, Issue:21
Novel DNA gyrase inhibiting spiropyrimidinetriones with a benzisoxazole scaffold: SAR and in vivo characterization.
AID1406198Antibacterial activity against Providencia rettgeri ATCC 31052 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID498362Antimicrobial activity against rifampin resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 52deltaacrR containing isogenic acrR knockout assessed as growth inhibition by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Klebsiella pneumoniae AcrAB efflux pump contributes to antimicrobial resistance and virulence.
AID285762Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID593811Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 19418 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID535891Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Citrobacter freundii JN64 harboring GyrA T83I, wild-type ParC, GyrB and qnrA genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID562386Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis expressing VanA gene clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1261273Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-21 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID1494123Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 13373 after 16 hrs by microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aryldiketo acids with enhanced antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial strains.
AID521968Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter sp. assessed as resistance breakpoint by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli strains: in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents.
AID279290Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parC D83Y and gyrA E85K mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID556958Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1134684 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1846912Antibacterial activity against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 strains 15 1 to 3 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID425354Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 5041 harboring S81F and S79F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA and ParC genes respectively by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID561252Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M100-S17 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
AFN-1252, a FabI inhibitor, demonstrates a Staphylococcus-specific spectrum of activity.
AID245331Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 870307 was determined2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-18, Volume: 14, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids bearing cyclopropane-fused 2-amino-8-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-yl substituents at the C-7 position.
AID541078Cmax in cage fluid of Albino guiena pig at 10 mg/kg, ip after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Linezolid alone or combined with rifampin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental foreign-body infection.
AID565018Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sciuri assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID529892Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans isolate 7 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID1445904Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus EMRSA-15 after 20 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Triaryl Benzimidazoles as a New Class of Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms.
AID323879Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B GyrA/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID404288Inhibition of quinoline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 DNA gyrase-mediated supercoiling activity2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID559188Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5A harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID680069TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of DU-6895a transepithelial transport (basal to apical) (DU-6895a: 100 uM, Levofloxacin: 3000 uM) in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells1997The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Aug, Volume: 282, Issue:2
Transport of quinolone antibacterial drugs by human P-glycoprotein expressed in a kidney epithelial cell line, LLC-PK1.
AID68849In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Escherichia coli (ATCC 1-25922)1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9
Synthesis and bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitory properties of a spirocyclopropylquinolone derivative.
AID535647Antimicrobial activity against Group B Streptococcus serotype V 2603 V/R harboring E63K mutation in PBP 2A and L41S mutation in PBP 1B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID1273936Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 assessed as 12 hrs pre-established biofilm viable cell count after 20 hrs (Rvb = 1.2 x 10'10 CFU/ml)2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID285301Effect on 8 ug/ml ciprofloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 216 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID562592Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis expressing VanB gene clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID286143Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 with parC S52G, N91D mutation and gyrA S81Y mutation at fAUC/MIC of 86 after 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID573303Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ11 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID548256Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Mu50omega expressing vraSm mutant gene after 24 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Contribution of vraSR and graSR point mutations to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1273933Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 assessed as inhibition of 24 hrs pre-established biofilm formation at 0.064 umol/well after 20 hrs by safranin staining-based method2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID1406187Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 13-7 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID1846920Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant wild type Escherichia coli NCTC 13353 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID559375Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422C selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1204684Ratio of MIC for quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 to MIC for quinolone-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus MS59352015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 25, Issue:12
Hydroxy tricyclic 1,5-naphthyridinone oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents-SAR of RHS moiety (Part-3).
AID125508The ratio of the number of Mongolian gerbils in which Helicobacter pylori was not detected to that of Mongolian gerbils tested (percent) was represented as clearance rate at 10 mg/kg dose1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-18, Volume: 8, Issue:16
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7-(2-aminoalkyl)morpholinoquinolones as anti-Helicobacter pylori agents.
AID565316Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium UTMB-10G by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID207484Antibacterial activity was determined against clinically isolated Levofloxacin-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LVFX-r MRSA) strains (74 strains); Range= 0.5-128 ug/mL2003Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-13, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-amino-6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-8-methylquinolonecarboxylic acid antibacterials having fluorinated 7-[(3R)-3-(1-aminocyclopropan-1-yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl] substituents.
AID1596897Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv after 7 days by resazurin dye based assay
AID1256563Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID571105Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID450458Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis after 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Interaction of drug based binuclear mixed-ligand complexes with DNA.
AID582491Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 coverslip Wistar rat infected model assessed as bacterial load reduction at 100 mg/kg/day, ip treated for 14 days measured 24 hrs after last dose (Rvb = 5.4 +/- 1 logCFU2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID576553Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli MG1655 harboring gyrA S84A, S83L, D87G, D87Y mutant recovered from compound supplemented plates after 24 hrs by modified broth macrodilution method relative to wild type2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Impact of recA on levofloxacin exposure-related resistance development.
AID561755Antibacterial activity against Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID425581Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 3583 expressing mefA and harboring I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene after 41 passages with gemifloxacin measured after 10 daily antibiotic-free s2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1494127Antibacterial activity against tetracycline/methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus XU212 after 16 hrs by microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aryldiketo acids with enhanced antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial strains.
AID428771Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26137 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID499676Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID544835Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1686 harboring gyrA Glu85Lys mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1392396Antibacterial activity against clinical isolate of Escherichia coli after 24 hrs by twofold microdilution broth method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Syntheses and structure-activity relationships on antibacterial and anti-ulcerative colitis properties of quaternary 13-substituted palmatines and 8-oxo-13-substituted dihydropalmatines.
AID1180563Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by broth microdilution/CLSI method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 57, Issue:14
Optimization of pyrrolamide topoisomerase II inhibitors toward identification of an antibacterial clinical candidate (AZD5099).
AID542504Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, N87 and parC I80 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID558813Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Emergence of high levels of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in the Asia-Pacific region: data from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program, 2007.
AID208000Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus (MSCS; Methicillin sensitive, ciprofloxacin sensitive) MI2462003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID539812Anticancer activity against human PC3 after 3 to 5 days by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24
Novel lipophilic 7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as potential antitumor agents: improved synthesis and in vitro evaluation.
AID294460Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID564823Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID556916Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 1780065 B-B isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID529497Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli T-625 harboring expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID613786Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-6 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID372980Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N016 after 14 days by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID521444Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T20 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID113506In vivo efficacy as ED50 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa HS-116 by oral administration in mice.1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID78705Inhibition constant against DNA Gyrase isolated from Escherichia coli1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID977602Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1217707Time dependent inhibition of CYP2C19 in human liver microsomes at 100 uM by LC/MS system2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID285285Effect on 0.06 ug/ml DQ113-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 334 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID208910Antimicrobial activity against the streptococcus bovis A 5169 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID521462Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T14 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID529485Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 293 containing PFGE genetic clone A expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID548472Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Mu50omega after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Contribution of vraSR and graSR point mutations to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
AID245007Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 56500 was determined2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-18, Volume: 14, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids bearing cyclopropane-fused 2-amino-8-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-yl substituents at the C-7 position.
AID342424Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK188 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp, Glu135Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID574426Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 339T expressing beta-lactamase KPC2 and PFGE cluster 5 isolated from peritoneal fluid of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID1398615Cmax in Crj:CD rat at 5 mg/kg, po2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID511401Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID556216Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1821383 B-E isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1459059Antitubercular activity against isoniazid resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis ATCC 35822 after 5 days2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 125Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carboxamide hybrids: Design, synthesis and evaluation of anti-tubercular activity.
AID558624Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3455 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID1217729Intrinsic clearance for reactive metabolites formation assessed as summation of [3H]GSH adduct formation rate-based reactive metabolites formation and cytochrome P450 (unknown origin) inactivation rate-based reactive metabolites formation2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID279293Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parE D435N and gyrA E85K mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID556933Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1134684 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID728889Half life in cynomolgus monkey serum at 5 mg/kg, po2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID544763Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E412 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID570917Antibacterial activity against hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID286130Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49619 at fAUC/MIC of 55 after 24 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID1416778Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2018MedChemComm, Jan-01, Volume: 9, Issue:1
Synthesis and
AID1411659Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 after 24 hrs2017MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 8, Issue:11
The synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-phenylaminomethylene-cyclohexane-1,3-diones as specific anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID286141Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 at fAUC/MIC of 83 after 24 to 72 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID428867Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 assessed as prevention of bacterial regrowth under condition simulating oral administration of 200 mg twice daily after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1243585Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis 12-5 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID342397Antimicrobial activity against atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae L27 with parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp, Glu135Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID278233Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-1 gyrA+2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID531417Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID1773503Selectivity index, HC50 for hemolytic activity in sheep RBC to MIC for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213
AID1217711Metabolic activation in human liver microsomes assessed as [3H]GSH adduct formation rate measured per mg of protein at 100 uM by [3H]GSH trapping assay2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID423232Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID1869524Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213 measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID519994Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring erm(B) gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID528706Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae group B clinical isolate assessed as susceptibility level by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID543816Bactericidal activity against Haemophilus influenzae VT450-2006 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID373001Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N016 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as spleen bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID580391Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patient with urinary tract infection receiving drug at 250 mg, iv qd for 10 days measured after post drug therapy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID425578Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 228 expressing ermB and harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79Y mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I4602008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1445924Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus EMRSA-15 assessed as time required to kill bacteria by >6 log10CFU/ml at 4 times MIC by Miles Misra dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Triaryl Benzimidazoles as a New Class of Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms.
AID285962Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae B isolate with AcrR Leu31His mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID1436847Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis 09-1 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID530596Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pSmQnr8 carrying Smqnr gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID584575Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate I expressing beta-lactamase OXA-58 isolated from tracheal secretion of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID1395485Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ATCC 19606 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID1565894Antibacterial activity against Bacillus proteus ATCC 8427 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by two-fold broth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one derivatives as potential chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents.
AID562612Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID573118Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1243583Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID572512Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Montevideo isolate s2317 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID1163995Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producin Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID374398Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID1395515Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris ATCC 29905 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID542521Antimicrobial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolate by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Relationships among ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and norfloxacin MICs for fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID1781777Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as time for increase by 1 log10CFU at 10XMIC incubated for 1 hr followed by drug wash-out and measured every single 1 hr
AID428793Ratio of MIC for levofloxacin-pretreated Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 after 48 hrs to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261342007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID736550Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolate 12-22013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID351864Protection against community-acquired pneumonia in patient with pneumonia severity index-2 assessed as mortality at 500 mg administered once daily for 30 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Comparison of beta-lactam and macrolide combination therapy versus fluoroquinolone monotherapy in hospitalized Veterans Affairs patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
AID558591Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 3 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID422680Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3009 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID553813Induction of cytotoxin production in Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027 in three-stage chemostat gut model at 63 mg/liter administered daily for 7 days measured after 2 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Effects of exposure of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 027 and 001 to fluoroquinolones in a human gut model.
AID1846926Antibacterial activity against IMP4-producing multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID559520Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mitis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID557162Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1780063 B-A isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID529854Antibacterial activity against MexA-MexB-OprM-overproducing and OprD-deficient Pseudomonas aeruginosa N041 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1355054Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID1626618Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isogenic forms expressing rpoB H481Y and parC S80F mutant2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14
Development of a Dual-Acting Antibacterial Agent (TNP-2092) for the Treatment of Persistent Bacterial Infections.
AID1773505Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate M-12 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID540209Volume of distribution at steady state in human after iv administration2008Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID562581Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID531444Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID597969Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis EFL10042011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID556478Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2297262-10 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1406190Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID525509Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from infected patient by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Clinical pharmacodynamics of cefepime in patients infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1273935Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 assessed as 6 hrs pre-established biofilm viable cell count after 20 hrs (Rvb = 8.3 x 10'9 CFU/ml)2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID571108Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID697275Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ARC 3186 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 55, Issue:15
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II with reduced pK(a): antibacterial agents with an improved safety profile.
AID1143636Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by micro dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID573309Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ15 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID560089Bactericidal activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 4073 at 1/4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID209762Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pyogenes STA22003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID1164004Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 12-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1667165Antimicrobial activity against Providencia rettgeri ATCC 310522020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID425359Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1074 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID528972Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ICU patient blood assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID278252Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS3 with GyrA S83F, D87N, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID279256Antibacterial activity against moxifloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3009 with GyrA S81F and ParC D83N mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID496639Ratio of 90% mutant prevention concentration to MIC90 in Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 496192010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID1297322Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-17 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID294452Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID570700Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID613798Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 09-32 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID1494124Antibacterial activity against Norfloxacin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 1199B over-expressing NorA after 16 hrs by microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aryldiketo acids with enhanced antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial strains.
AID285749Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID545658Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter sp. assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID557156Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949825 B-K isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1069643Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of novel 1,2,4-triazolo [3,4-a] phthalazine derivatives.
AID564825Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID351865Protection against community-acquired pneumonia in patient with pneumonia severity index-2 assessed as mortality at 500 mg administered once daily for 14 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Comparison of beta-lactam and macrolide combination therapy versus fluoroquinolone monotherapy in hospitalized Veterans Affairs patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
AID575308Cmax in Rhesus monkey at 15 mg/kg followed by 4 mg/kg in 12 hrs dosing interval by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID571863Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.06 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1780308Antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa LESB58 LpxA Gly120Ala mutant assessed as resistance development by measuring fold increase in MIC
AID341097Free Cmax in human at 500 mg, po2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Impact of resistance selection and mutant growth fitness on the relative efficacies of streptomycin and levofloxacin for plague therapy.
AID736569Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolate 12-62013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID497756Distribution coefficient, log D of the compound2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Relative contributions of active mediated transport and passive diffusion of fluoroquinolones with various lipophilicities in a Calu-3 lung epithelial cell model.
AID571765Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 3-AG300 harboring AcrB-615-628MexB mutant gene2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Site-directed mutagenesis reveals amino acid residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB that confer macrolide resistance.
AID531852Cmax in tuberculosis patient at 1000 mg/day, po administered for 7 days by HPLC2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis.
AID557147Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 1949822 B-J isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1194546Antibacterial activity against wild-type Escherichia coli AB11572015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Structure-activity relationships of a novel pyranopyridine series of Gram-negative bacterial efflux pump inhibitors.
AID528980Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID1695909Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium ATCC 7002212019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID557167Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2215767-10 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID561389Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP101 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID559182Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253D selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1691408Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID279258Antibacterial activity against moxifloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 1076 with ParC S79Y mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID1355064Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 12-16 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID683316Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 by microbroth dilution method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Three new 12-carbamoylated streptothricins from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID584576Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate J expressing beta-lactamase OXA-58 isolated from bedsore by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID318664Antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes GAI 5568 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID560511Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate b5k3578 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID553814Induction of cytotoxin production in Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 001 in three-stage chemostat gut model at 63 mg/liter administered daily for 7 days measured after 3 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Effects of exposure of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 027 and 001 to fluoroquinolones in a human gut model.
AID467612Fraction unbound in human plasma2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 44, Issue:11
Prediction of volume of distribution values in human using immobilized artificial membrane partitioning coefficients, the fraction of compound ionized and plasma protein binding data.
AID537938Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID1520446Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis after 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI-protocol based broth microdilution method
AID342430Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK666 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp, Glu135Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID544860Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1053 harboring parC Ser79Phe mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID560519Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate zj07028 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID561842Apparent volume of distribution with respect to bioavailability in epithelial lining fluid of Swiss-Webster mouse infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 200 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in a murine pneumonia model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: determination of epithelial lining fluid targets.
AID342250Increase in toxin level in epidemic Clostridium difficile BI6-8-17 infected CF1 mouse administered 20 times the usual human dose for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID1896861Resistance development in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 252 assessed as fold increase in resistance after 15 days serial passage upto 256 ug/ml
AID543814Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pyogenes VT 59 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID565034Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus simulans assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID710021Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 55, Issue:22
From triclosan toward the clinic: discovery of nonbiocidal, potent FabI inhibitors for the treatment of resistant bacteria.
AID433807Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae Spn-RC2 infected in one-compartment pharmacodynamic system assessed as decrease in bacterial population administered at simulated oral dose regimen of 500 mg in human for 10 days by quantitative cult2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID369633Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase positive amoxicillin/clavulanate-resistant Haemophilus influenzae by E-test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Can the Etest correctly determine the MICs of beta-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics for beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae?
AID532412Antibacterial activity against VIM-2 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone B3 isolate PV-05X-07 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID573357Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Escherichia coli assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID119814In vivo number of survivors on day 7 after administration (30 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID78544Inhibitory activity against wild type gyrase in Escherichia coli2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID406468Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 by macrotube dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of a novel rifamycin derivative, ABI-0043, against Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental model of foreign-body infection.
AID559146Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630a selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID285729Antibacterial activity against VanB-resistant Enterococcus faecium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID372978Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium JATA51-01 after 14 days by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID1243581Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-6 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID577649Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 329 expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, CTX-M-2, TEM and PFGE cluster 2 isolated from blood of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID559141Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422h harboring GyrA Asp81Asn mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID559506Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus lugdunensis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1417155Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-1705 after 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID342415Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK587 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID562375Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID613792Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 08-12 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID531855Ratio of fAUC in tuberculosis patient at 1000 mg/day, po administered for 7 days to MIC for Mycobacterium tuberculosis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis.
AID559403Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2A selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID498117Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA876 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID521101Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus sp. 'group B' isolate 16 harboring gyrA Ser81Leu mutant, parC Ser79Tyr mutant and parE Ileu495Leu mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in group B streptococcal isolates in Taiwan.
AID675067Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 10-6 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID573307Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ15 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID576342Bactericidal activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar D infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID575305AUC (0 to infinity) in human at 500 mg, po by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID675063Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 10-11 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID530345Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli BicA expressing blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15 and qepA2 gene by disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance pump QepA2 in an Escherichia coli isolate from France.
AID279139Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1010 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID559381Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422F harboring GyrB Leu451Phe mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID559419Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii isolate V1 harboring qnrB10 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID1906418Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27883 assessed as reduction in microbial growth incubated for 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 235Amphiphilic cyclic peptide [W
AID545425Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes obtained from patient with complicated intra-abdominal infection assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID575077Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID576019Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RDN1 harboring cloned pTZ2238-encoded QacBIV gene by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Fluoroquinolone efflux by the plasmid-mediated multidrug efflux pump QacB variant QacBIII in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID569437Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 10-04 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID528816Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolated from ICU patient wound assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID535852Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae FJ67T harboring qnrS gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID580415Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as vomiting at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1624158Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 24 hrs2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164Synthesis and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides as antitubercular agents effective on drug resistant tuberculosis.
AID569535Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 10-02 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID573327Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ10 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA, aac(6')-Ib-cr gene by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID498120Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID529198Antibacterial activity against AmpC-producing Escherichia coli assessed as sensitive isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Comparison of antimicrobial resistance profiles among extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and acquired AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from Canadian intensive care units.
AID1079945Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID576347Bactericidal activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar I infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID565728Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus Group F clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID278231Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21 tolC::Kan2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID1667161Antimicrobial activity against NDM-1 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-21462020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID1436816Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID573310Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ18 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID285300Effect on 4 ug/ml levofloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 216 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID556475Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2215767-9 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID425361Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1078 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID444055Fraction absorbed in human2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID675066Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 10-5 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID528512Bactericidal activity against low level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 8 times MIC after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID450457Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
Interaction of drug based binuclear mixed-ligand complexes with DNA.
AID541058AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in cage fluid of Albino guiena pig at 10 mg/kg, ip2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Linezolid alone or combined with rifampin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental foreign-body infection.
AID593812Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID557164Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1655646 A-Y isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID428841TMSW in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 infected human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID571378Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.06 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID237457Partition coefficient (logD2.0)2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID545422Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii obtained from patient with complicated intra-abdominal infection assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID556239Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2062713 B-Q isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1667164Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii ATCC 438642020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID279264Antibacterial activity against clarithromycin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3676 after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID558911Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5h harboring GyrA Ala92Glu and GyrB Ser416Ala mutant genes selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1846927Antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID576549Antimicrobial activity against recA-deficient Staphylococcus aureus ASAU022 after 24 hrs by modified broth macrodilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Impact of recA on levofloxacin exposure-related resistance development.
AID244957Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 105562005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1624161Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC BAA-1605 after 24 hrs2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164Synthesis and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides as antitubercular agents effective on drug resistant tuberculosis.
AID545552Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli ERR2b to MIC for Escherichia coli NIHJ2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID428790Antibacterial activity against 80 mg q.d. moxifloxacin-pretreated Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26137 after 48 hrs of incubation by population analysis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1477416Antibacterial activity against wild type Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv grown in GAST/Fe medium measured on day 14 post inoculation by broth microdilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Novel Antitubercular 6-Dialkylaminopyrimidine Carboxamides from Phenotypic Whole-Cell High Throughput Screening of a SoftFocus Library: Structure-Activity Relationship and Target Identification Studies.
AID425980Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1635 after 14 passages with azithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID582508Cmin in Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 infected Wistar rat tissue cage fluid at 50 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID529865Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa N092 to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID569439Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 10-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID558610Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1424 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID85955Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae GYR 14352004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-21, Volume: 14, Issue:12
Novel inhibitors of bacterial protein synthesis: structure-activity relationships for 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives incorporating position 3 and 4 variants.
AID532208Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53 harboring wild-type GyrA, ParC, GyrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID1395492Antibacterial activity against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-11 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID571902Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii beta clonal group isolate 15 expressing ompA, adeB, adeM, aacA4, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID680050TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Daunorubicin transepithelial transport (basal to apical) (Daunorubicin: 0.1 uM, Levofloxacin: 3000 uM) in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells1997The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Aug, Volume: 282, Issue:2
Transport of quinolone antibacterial drugs by human P-glycoprotein expressed in a kidney epithelial cell line, LLC-PK1.
AID278669Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 25142007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm.
AID593805Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID1163998Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producin Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-14 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1780455Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolates by CLSI method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-28, Volume: 64, Issue:20
Optimization of TopoIV Potency, ADMET Properties, and hERG Inhibition of 5-Amino-1,3-dioxane-Linked Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors: Identification of a Lead with
AID373042Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate ZJ49 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID559613Antimicrobial activity against qnrB/S-positive Escherichia coli clinical isolate by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID560510Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate b5k3529 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID498102Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1036 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID437325Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID271599Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus SA25542006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID728901AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in Crj:CD rat serum at 5 mg/kg, po2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1691417Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID395717Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B containing ORI23 promoter by twofold dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Role of a qnr-like gene in the intrinsic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis to fluoroquinolones.
AID278257Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS9 gyrA+ with GyrA S83F, D87N, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID279142Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1013 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID560504Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate bd4768 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID571122Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID342227Antimicrobial activity against Viridans streptococcus L2 with gyrA Ser114Gly, gyrB Ser494Thr and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID498121Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1054 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1243595Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Proteus vulgaris ATCC 29905 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID544735Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E364 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID575302Tmax in human at 500 mg, po by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID424329Antimicrobial activity against Dialister propionicifaciens assessed as susceptibility breakpoint by CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID573338Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Enterobacteriaceae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID565010Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus haemolyticus assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID428868Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26137 assessed as prevention of bacterial regrowth under condition simulating oral administration of 200 mg twice daily after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1557263Antitubercular activity against resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis harboring gyrB T511N mutant incubated for 28 days by absolute concentration method2019MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 10, Issue:8
Drug-resistance in
AID531453Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID279876Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 125 uM promazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID424330Antimicrobial activity against Dialister invisus assessed as susceptibility breakpoint by CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID278250Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS1 acrAB::Kan with GyrA S83F, D87N, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID372363Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1/MEM mutant in presence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide by CLSI broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID244877Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli NIHJ was determined2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-18, Volume: 14, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids bearing cyclopropane-fused 2-amino-8-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-yl substituents at the C-7 position.
AID318644Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus FDA 209P by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID1398612Metabolic stability in human microsomes at 1 uM assessed as compound remaining after 30 mins2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID342238Antimicrobial activity against atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae L9 with gyrA Ser114Gly, gyrB Ser494Thr and parC Lys137Asn mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1128850Antibacterial activity against NDM-1 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID1194953Antimicrobial activity against quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS59352015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 25, Issue:9
Tricyclic 1,5-naphthyridinone oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents-SAR of left-hand-side moiety (Part-2).
AID580395Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1243596Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ATCC 19606 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID498295Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1032 overexpressing multidrug efflux pump MexAB-OprM assessed as reduction in log CFU/ml at 8 times MIC up to 48 hrs in absence of cystic fibrosis patient sputum2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1706859Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID543819Bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID571869Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID373044Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate CY6 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID556742Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 2062716 B-R isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID558599Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 11 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID562373Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus Group C clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1759119Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 by agar method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41Design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of PFK-158 derivatives as potent agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID428820Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 496192007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID544754Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E346 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID573383Antibacterial activity against beta lactamase-positive Haemophilus influenzae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID422671Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1076 after 50 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID544939Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E430 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID1706876Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10193 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID542776Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53 transformed with pHND1 carrying DHA-1 gene by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
AID290353Displacement of [3H]dofetilide from human ERG at 300 uM2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8
The synthesis and biological evaluation of novel series of nitrile-containing fluoroquinolones as antibacterial agents.
AID529489Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 656 containing PFGE genetic clone A expressing beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID545564Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli EIR4b to MIC for Escherichia coli NIHJ2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID675068Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 10-7 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID531456Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19F assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID543799Bactericidal activity against Acinetobacter baumannii VT 126 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 1 to 10 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID1395476Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis 09-9 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID528518Bactericidal activity against low level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 2048 ug/ml after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID510166Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID577648Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 157T expressing beta-lactamase KPC2 and PFGE cluster 3 isolated from urine of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID1565882Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by two-fold broth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one derivatives as potential chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents.
AID372554Antibacterial activity against genetically beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b with an amino acid substitution in variable mutated locus Asn-526 or Arg-517 of ftsI gene assessed as susceptibility rate by broth microd2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Genetic characteristics and clonal dissemination of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from the upper respiratory tract of patients in Japan.
AID318645Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Smith by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID162885Minimum inhibitory concentration against Proteus mirabilis PR912003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID1164008Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 12-5 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID548738Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent susceptible isolate by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID1464093Antimycobacterial activity against isoniazid/rifampicin/streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis G133 assessed as inhibition of mycobacterial growth incubated for 2 weeks by MABA method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives with antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity.
AID683315Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 by microbroth dilution method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Three new 12-carbamoylated streptothricins from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID544756Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E393 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID1846924Antibacterial activity agains OXA23-producing multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID544960Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae expressing beta-lactamase SHV by Etest based on multiple determinants2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID498298Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1032 overexpressing multidrug efflux pump MexAB-OprM assessed as reduction in log CFU/ml at 4 times MIC up to 48 hrs in presence of cystic fibrosis patient sputum2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID556710Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2297262-10 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID119806In vivo number of survivors on day 4 after administration (15 mg/kg) in mice Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID1706862Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID497761Apparent permeability across basolateral to apical side in human Calu3 cells in presence of 3 uM PSC-833 P-gp inhibitor2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Relative contributions of active mediated transport and passive diffusion of fluoroquinolones with various lipophilicities in a Calu-3 lung epithelial cell model.
AID1474726Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
Novel bioactive molecules from Lentzea violacea strain AS 08 using one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) approach.
AID535754Antimicrobial activity against hospital-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae expressing extended spectrum beta-lactamase obtained from patient with intra-abdominal infection assessed as susceptible isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in community- and hospital-associated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrob
AID575102Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19F assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID577442Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus USA300 isolate harboring pSK41 plasmid assessed resistant isolates2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Emergence of resistance among USA300 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates causing invasive disease in the United States.
AID736149Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 278532013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID556950Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1134684 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID562374Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID597965Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 08-182011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID571853Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID562584Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID279262Antibacterial activity against clarithromycin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3665 after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID561843Apparent oral clearance in epithelial lining fluid of Swiss-Webster mouse infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 200 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in a murine pneumonia model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: determination of epithelial lining fluid targets.
AID278238Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-2 acrAB::Kan with GyrA S83F, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID406622Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID532172Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae SH39 harboring GyrA S83I, ParC S80I mutant, wild-type GyrB and qnrA genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID574425Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 339 expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, TEM and PFGE cluster 5 isolated from peritoneal fluid of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID532895Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 469 ST 277 expressing beta-lactamase SHV-27, CTX-M-15 and OXA-4 by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID543793Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae VT450-2006 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID728925Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-resistant and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 870307 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID373987Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant aac(6')-Ib-cr deficient Escherichia coli J53 qnrA1 bearing pHS4 transconjugant from Enterobacter cloacae 91 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Prevalence and expression of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID558598Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 10 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID576548Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ASAU021 after 24 hrs by modified broth macrodilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Impact of recA on levofloxacin exposure-related resistance development.
AID69951Antimicrobial activity against the Escherichia coli H560 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID558606Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1147 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID559518Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus constellatus assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID372364Ratio of MIC for hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 12-09-15 in absence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide to MIC for hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 12-09-15 in presence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthyl2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID573316Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ10 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID1436833Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-negative Escherichia coli 1515 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID1449628Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in baculovirus transfected fall armyworm Sf21 cell membranes vesicles assessed as reduction in ATP-dependent [3H]-taurocholate transport into vesicles incubated for 5 mins by Topcount based rapid filtration method2012Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Dec, Volume: 40, Issue:12
Mitigating the inhibition of human bile salt export pump by drugs: opportunities provided by physicochemical property modulation, in silico modeling, and structural modification.
AID510164Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta lactamase expressing Escherichia coli by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID532409Antibacterial activity against VIM-2 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone B2 isolate VA-06X-38 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID559621Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate assessed as susceptible isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID1240049Antimicrobial activity against quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS59352015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17
Structure activity relationship of C-2 ether substituted 1,5-naphthyridine analogs of oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents (Part-5).
AID501610Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 17 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID533205Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolates assessed as susceptible isolates by PK/PD technique2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens in Spain: latest data and changes over 11 years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007).
AID1163988Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli 12-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID425548Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1062 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1436828Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 09-6 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID522683Antibacterial activity against gyrA01, parC12 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with ParC G166E mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID342219Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae L5 with parE Ile460Val mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID342233Antimicrobial activity against Viridans streptococcus L20 with gyrB Ser494Thr, parC Ser52Gly and Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID425771Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 3583 expressing mefA after 44 passages by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID560499Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate 5zjsau3 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID574435Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 547 expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, TEM and PFGE cluster 4 isolated from blood of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID1297343Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-6 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1504618Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 by microbroth dilution method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-09, Volume: 8, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure.
AID575103Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 23A assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID405459Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli C600Rif containing pIP1206 plasmid in presence of 40 ug/ml efflux pump inhibitor 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID543817Bactericidal activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae VT 1367 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID528494Antimicrobial activity against high level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus JCSC 6763 expressing gyrA Ser84Leu/Ser85Pro and grlA Ser80Phe/Glu84Lys mutants by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID544862Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1693 harboring parC Asp83Asn mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID697277Antibacterial activity against community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ARC 3189 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 55, Issue:15
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II with reduced pK(a): antibacterial agents with an improved safety profile.
AID285966Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae C1 isolate with GyrA Asp88Asn, AcrR Leu31His and Arg34Glu mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID559202Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae S003 harboring wild-type parC and gyrA Ser81Phe mutant genes2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID1626607Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isogenic forms expressing parC S80F mutant2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14
Development of a Dual-Acting Antibacterial Agent (TNP-2092) for the Treatment of Persistent Bacterial Infections.
AID342423Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK141 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1261263Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-14 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID510505Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex isolate M3AC9-4 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID323893Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53/p1132 negative GyrA/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID498112Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5043 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID544857Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1266 harboring gyrA Ser81Cys mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID597914Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 08-172011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1204053Antimicrobial activity against quinolone-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 by micro broth dilution or agar based method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 25, Issue:11
Structure activity relationship of substituted 1,5-naphthyridine analogs of oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents (Part-4).
AID1411653Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 24 hrs2017MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 8, Issue:11
The synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-phenylaminomethylene-cyclohexane-1,3-diones as specific anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID1164003Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 12-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID456052Selectivity ratio of IC50 for Staphylococcus aureus DNA gyrase Ser84Leu mutant to IC50 for Staphylococcus aureus wild type DNA gyrase2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 17, Issue:19
Design, synthesis and biological evaluations of novel 7-[3-(1-aminocycloalkyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-6-desfluoro-8-methoxyquinolones with potent antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
AID559184Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253F selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID564807Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus simulans assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID510514Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID736147Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 12-22013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID437328Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes 9619 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID535346Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates assessed as susceptible isolates by PK/PD technique2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens in Spain: latest data and changes over 11 years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007).
AID528513Bactericidal activity against high level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 8 times MIC after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID544749Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E431 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID1398626Cmin in cynomolgus monkey serum at 10 mg/kg, iv after 5 mins2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID271593Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli EC25492006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID571106Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID444056Fraction escaping gut-wall elimination in human2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID580498Drug related treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as phlebitis at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID532897Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 523 ST 340 expressing beta-lactamase TEM-1, SHV-11 and OXA-2 by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID278228Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S212007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID324745Inhibition of Mycobacterium leprae recombinant DNA gyrase expressed in Escherichia coli assessed as inhibition of pBR322 DNA supercoiling2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Expression and purification of an active form of the Mycobacterium leprae DNA gyrase and its inhibition by quinolones.
AID342249Increase in toxin level in epidemic Clostridium difficile BI9 infected CF1 mouse administered 20 times the usual human dose for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID1209455Inhibition of human BSEP expressed in plasma membrane vesicles of Sf21 cells assessed as inhibition of ATP-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake2012Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1
In vitro inhibition of the bile salt export pump correlates with risk of cholestatic drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID1781780Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth at sub-MIC incubated for 25 days
AID244929Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes G-36 was determined2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-18, Volume: 14, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids bearing cyclopropane-fused 2-amino-8-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-yl substituents at the C-7 position.
AID425349Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1076 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, D83N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID285278Susceptibility of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 335 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID374534Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 2 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID423263Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected outpatients assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID438297Inhibition of penicillin-sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 PBP2X preincubated for 1 hr before addition of substrate (R)-[2-(benzoylamino)propionylsulfanyl]acetic acid2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-08, Volume: 52, Issue:19
Discovery of new inhibitors of resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae penicillin binding protein (PBP) 2x by structure-based virtual screening.
AID532037Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Novel variants of the qnrB gene, qnrB22 and qnrB23, in Citrobacter werkmanii and Citrobacter freundii.
AID271594Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae HI35422006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID522677Antibacterial activity against gyrA04, parC13 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA S81F, S79A mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID498125Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5043 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID559203Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae S004 harboring wild-type parC and gyrA Gly85Asn mutant genes2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID1311228Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-12016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID558596Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 8 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID576336Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar F infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID571916Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii zeta clonal group isolate 22 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aadA1, aacA4, aacC2, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID1706875Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10186 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID675091Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10-20 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID1818234Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 assessed as reduction in microbial growth after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 228Synthesis and bioactivities of new N-terminal dipeptide mimetics with aromatic amide moiety: Broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and high antineoplastic activity.
AID571764Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 3-AG300 harboring acrB::rpsLneo mutant gene2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Site-directed mutagenesis reveals amino acid residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB that confer macrolide resistance.
AID69473Minimum inhibitory concentration against Escherichia coli DC22003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID1596889Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR100 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID1127618Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 NCTC 7466 expressing GyrB/ParE T172A mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID1141103Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 23355 after 24 to 48 hrs by two-fold broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10
Exploring 5-nitrofuran derivatives against nosocomial pathogens: synthesis, antimicrobial activity and chemometric analysis.
AID521449Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T23 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID1395489Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase harboring Escherichia coli 13-1 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID545573Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PMR2a selected at 2 times MIC of meropenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID556932Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 1780065 B-B isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID428861Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 assessed as reduction in number of viable cells under condition simulating oral administration of 200 mg twice daily2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID544856Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1051 harboring gyrA Ser81Tyr mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID565311Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M30 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID565322Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M6280 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID691688Antibacterial activity against Bartonella henselae infected in african green monkey Vero cells by immunofluorescence staining2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 22, Issue:20
Studies on the antimicrobial properties of N-acylated ciprofloxacins.
AID342402Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK232 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1254970Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii W1026 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID697274Antibacterial activity against linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ARC 3583 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 55, Issue:15
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II with reduced pK(a): antibacterial agents with an improved safety profile.
AID424327Antimicrobial activity against Dialister propionicifaciens by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID532418Antibacterial activity against IMP-13 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone C3 isolate PG-12X-03 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID1667163Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 451022020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID1685377Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae 117029 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID675058Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 10-15 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID1161504Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli after 18 to 20 hrs by broth microdilution2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Optimization of physicochemical properties and safety profile of novel bacterial topoisomerase type II inhibitors (NBTIs) with activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID293153Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 17, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new quinolone derivatives utilizing 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane.
AID425967Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3274 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID1355050Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolate 13-17 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID545560Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli EIR2b to MIC for Escherichia coli NIHJ2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID580396Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID736552Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 12-52013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID498110Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1022 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID285959Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae A2 with GyrA Glu83Cys, ParC Ser84Arg and AcrR 97stop codon mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID294453Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 6013 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID404280Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis KU1856 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID1141100Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 after 24 to 48 hrs by two-fold broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10
Exploring 5-nitrofuran derivatives against nosocomial pathogens: synthesis, antimicrobial activity and chemometric analysis.
AID285292Effect on 0.5 ug/ml sitafloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 216 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID584573Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate G expressing beta-lactamase OXA-58 isolated from tracheal secretion of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID406603Ratio of peak drug level in albino guinea pig cage fluid at 5 mg/kg, ip to MIC for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 during stationary-growth phase2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of a novel rifamycin derivative, ABI-0043, against Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental model of foreign-body infection.
AID342257Effect on growth of fluoroquinolone-susceptible epidemic Clostridium difficile ATCC 9689 in CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial density in cecal content dosed sc for 5 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID1240048Resistance index, ratio of MIC for quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 to MIC for quinolone-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus MS59352015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17
Structure activity relationship of C-2 ether substituted 1,5-naphthyridine analogs of oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents (Part-5).
AID528967Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from ICU patient blood assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID516168Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates assessed as susceptible isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activity of telavancin against a contemporary worldwide collection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
AID559379Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422D harboring GyrB Leu451Phe mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID562587Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium expressing VanB gene clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID571352Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID285964Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae B2 isolate with GyrA Asp88Tyr and AcrR Leu31His mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID133953In vivo antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (Vogel) in mice administered perorally1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9
Synthesis and bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitory properties of a spirocyclopropylquinolone derivative.
AID535751Antimicrobial activity against community-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae obtained from patient with intra-abdominal infection assessed as susceptible isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in community- and hospital-associated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrob
AID573393Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Providencia sp. assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1143648Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii ATCC 80192014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID68208In vitro antibacterial activity measured as minimum inhibitory concentration, was evaluated on Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 23355 (Ecl).1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID605950Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Streptothricin derivatives from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID1256556Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 14-5 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1818236Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 assessed as zone of inhibition incubated for 12 hrs by by disc diffusion method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 228Synthesis and bioactivities of new N-terminal dipeptide mimetics with aromatic amide moiety: Broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and high antineoplastic activity.
AID1653563Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium leprae assessed as microbial growth at 0.1875 ug/ml in presence of 0.0125 ug/ml KRM-1648 measured at 4 weeks (Rvb = 147 +/- 19.1%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID1759123Antibacterial activity against ESBLs positive Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 by agar method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41Design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of PFK-158 derivatives as potent agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID1256536Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1567346Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution based antibiotic susceptibility testing method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2,4,5-trisubstituted thiazoles as antituberculosis agents effective against drug-resistant tuberculosis.
AID285282Effect on 16 ug/ml levofloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 335 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID576340Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar J infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID575292Tmax in common marmoset at 40 mg/kg, po BID measured on day 7 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID571866Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID521103Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus sp. 'group B' isolate 1 harboring gyrA Glu85Lys mutant, parC Ser79Tyr mutant and parE Ileu495Leu mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in group B streptococcal isolates in Taiwan.
AID556741Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens 2297260 B-U isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID351862Protection against community-acquired pneumonia in patient with pneumonia severity index-4 assessed as mortality at 500 mg administered once daily for 30 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Comparison of beta-lactam and macrolide combination therapy versus fluoroquinolone monotherapy in hospitalized Veterans Affairs patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
AID404290Inhibition of quinoline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 topoisomerase 4-mediated decatenation activity2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID499674Antimicrobial activity against quinolone and penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SAR4790 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID535362Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolates assessed as susceptible isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens in Spain: latest data and changes over 11 years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007).
AID539813Anticancer activity against human LoVo cells after 3 to 5 days by MTT assay2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24
Novel lipophilic 7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as potential antitumor agents: improved synthesis and in vitro evaluation.
AID559242Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae S003 harboring wild-type parC and gyrA Ser81Phe mutant genes assessed as mutation prevention concentration after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID544845Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1681 harboring parC Ser79Tyr Asp83Ala mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID278229Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21 gyrA+2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID576338Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar H infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID324754Antibacterial activity in Mycobacterium leprae infected mouse foot-pad model assessed as parasite killing after 9 months2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Expression and purification of an active form of the Mycobacterium leprae DNA gyrase and its inhibition by quinolones.
AID1846914Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains 15 1 to 3 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID1464088Antibacterial activity against linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (14-583) assessed as inhibition of microbial growth incubated for 24 hrs by microdilution assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives with antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity.
AID425559Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 228 expressing ermB by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID571374Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID586746Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as resistant colonies recovered one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID544844Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1411 harboring parC Asp83Gly mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID511402Antibacterial activity against moxifloxacin resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID244953Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 259232005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID404953Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp. assessed as percent resistant isolates by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID285304Effect on 0.5 ug/ml sitafloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 218 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID372993Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium intracellular JATA52-01 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as lung bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID374401Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolate 2 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID556913Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 2297262-10 B-V isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID545544Ratio of MIC for Staphylococcus aureus SIR2a selected at 2 times MIC of imipenem to MIC for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID683320Antibacterial activity against drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis 164 by microbroth dilution method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Three new 12-carbamoylated streptothricins from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID1261262Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-9 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID499672Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID529861Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa N044 to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID532399Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone D2 isolate VA-06X-16 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID564830Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sciuri assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID544841Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1053 harboring parC Ser79Phe mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1254971Antibacterial activity against Providencia rettgeri W1008 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID285958Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae A1 isolate with GyrA Glu83Cys, ParC Ser84Arg and AcrR 97stop codon mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID543794Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae VT 1367 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID531423Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 15A by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID1500589Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis INH-R1 harboring katG Y155 truncated mutant after 5 days by fluorescence-based assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 138The antitrypanosomal and antitubercular activity of some nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based aromatic amines.
AID501607Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID530349Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pQep plasmid carrying qepA2 gene by disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance pump QepA2 in an Escherichia coli isolate from France.
AID697248AUC (infinity) in CD1 mouse infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ARC 1692 at 20 mg/kg/day, ip2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 55, Issue:15
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II with reduced pK(a): antibacterial agents with an improved safety profile.
AID1127616Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 NCTC 7466 expressing ParE/GyrB T172A mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID422652Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3665 after 14 passages with Telithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID520696Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B harboring p041060 carrying qepA gene by agar dilution CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Plasmid-mediated qepA gene among Escherichia coli clinical isolates from Japan.
AID593804Antimicrobial activity against quinilone-pencillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate SAR 4790 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID1891910Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae BAA 1705 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by microtiter plate assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 64Identification of nitrofuranylchalcone tethered benzoxazole-2-amines as potent inhibitors of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrating bactericidal efficacy.
AID509637Antibacterial activity against ampicillin tetracyclin streptomycin kanamycin-resistant Escherichia coli isolate V32-1 carrying qnrB19 gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Characterization of small ColE-like plasmids mediating widespread dissemination of the qnrB19 gene in commensal enterobacteria.
AID404948Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolate assessed as susceptible resistant isolates by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID1593376Inhibition of Pks13 D1644G/N1640K double mutant thioesterase domain in extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis TF274 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth by microplate alamar blue assay2019Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-11, Volume: 62, Issue:7
Identification of Novel Coumestan Derivatives as Polyketide Synthase 13 Inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Part II.
AID545550Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli ERR2a selected to MIC for Escherichia coli NIHJ2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1143630Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538p assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by micro dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID575296AUC in common marmoset at 40 mg/kg, po BID measured on day 1 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID342228Antimicrobial activity against Viridans streptococcus L7 with gyrA Ser114Gly, gyrB Ser494Thr and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID570910Antibacterial activity against community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID556218Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 2062716 B-R isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID372547Antibacterial activity against genetically beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-susceptible Haemophilus influenzae type b without amino acid substitutions in ftsI gene and bla gene by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Genetic characteristics and clonal dissemination of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from the upper respiratory tract of patients in Japan.
AID571867Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID593900Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger ATCC 6275 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID544736Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E366 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID569537Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID556241Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens 2297260 B-U isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID593802Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID544738Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E368 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID425352Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1150 harboring S81C mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID556491Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1889647 B-H isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1667157Antimicrobial activity against Vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 292122020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID1355052Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolate 13-20 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID570908Antibacterial activity against community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1667678Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294 incubated for 5 days by alamar blue based colorimetric assay2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 30, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of antimycobacterial and cytotoxic activity of new α,β-unsaturated amide, oxazoline and oxazole derivatives from l-serine.
AID285299Effect on 0.5 ug/ml moxifloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 216 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID1257070Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus XJ 75302 after 20 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Synthesis of biscoumarin and dihydropyran derivatives with promising antitumor and antibacterial activities.
AID278237Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-2 gyrA+ with ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID279289Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parC D83Y and gyrA S81Y mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID544843Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1693 harboring parC Asp83Asn mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID528836Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus sp. isolated from ICU patient wound assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID544854Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1686 harboring gyrA Glu85Lys mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID736153Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 12-42013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID1243584Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID1846911Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis strains 15 1 to 4 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID534771Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus obtained from war-wounded patient assessed as susceptible isolates2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
In vitro activity of the aminoglycoside antibiotic arbekacin against Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus isolated from war-wounded patients at Walter Reed Army Medical Center.
AID728890Cmax in cynomolgus monkey serum at 5 mg/kg, po2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID283088Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus SA1199B overexpressing NorA at 5 ug by disk diffusion method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Synthesis of omeprazole analogues and evaluation of these as potential inhibitors of the multidrug efflux pump NorA of Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1261279Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 14-5 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID559632Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii clinical isolate assessed as resistant isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID285957Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae A isolate with GyrA Glu83Cys and AcrR 97stop codon mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID498106Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5020 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID532190Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Citrobacter freundii TJ15 harboring GyrA T83I, ParC S80I mutant, wild-type GyrB, qnrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID1352291Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 145Bysspectin A, an unusual octaketide dimer and the precursor derivatives from the endophytic fungus Byssochlamys spectabilis IMM0002 and their biological activities.
AID279888Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 15.6 uM omeprazole2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID373026Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate PUA1 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID422686Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 37 after 14 passages with Telithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID498095Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1054 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID573351Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Enterobacter cloacae assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID444050Fraction unbound in human plasma2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID1406201Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ATCC 13636 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID372555Antibacterial activity against genetically beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b with an amino acid substitution in highly mutated locus Ser-385 of ftsI gene assessed as susceptibility rate by broth microdilution metho2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Genetic characteristics and clonal dissemination of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from the upper respiratory tract of patients in Japan.
AID423246Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients within 2 years of age after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID571927Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli K-12 3-AG300 harboring acrB::rpsLneo mutant gene to MIC for Escherichia coli K-12 3-AG3002009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Site-directed mutagenesis reveals amino acid residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB that confer macrolide resistance.
AID1406199Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris ATCC 29905 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID278247Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-4 tolC::Kan with GyrA S83F, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID423248Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients with 6 to 14 years of age after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID404950Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp. assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID556225Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1821386 B-D isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID556923Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949821 B-M isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID580494Drug related treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as upper abdominal pain at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID341096Protein binding in human serum at 500 mg, po2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Impact of resistance selection and mutant growth fitness on the relative efficacies of streptomycin and levofloxacin for plague therapy.
AID545356Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus SRR2a selected at 2 times MIC of tomopenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID373038Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate NJ59 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID534085Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID285293Effect on 2 ug/ml moxifloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 216 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID571847Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID318658Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus intermedius GAI 7416 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID556910Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2215767-9 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID406626Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate-3 with ParC Ser79Tyr and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID571150Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID528497Antimicrobial activity against low level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus JCSC 6766 expressing gyrA Glu84Lys and grlA Ser80Phe mutants by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID1695911Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 14-112019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID545458Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID93889Minimum inhibitory concentration against Klebsiella pneumoniae KL212003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID558592Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 4 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID573363Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID559432Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate M3 harboring qnrS1 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID565031Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID586652Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrB gene and pBK-QnrB1 assessed as mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID556956Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 1780065 B-B isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID736152Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 12-12013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID1406191Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase deficient Klebsiella pneumoniae 15-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID533856Antibacterial activity against nonpigmented rapidly growing Mycobacterium mucogenicum after 3 days by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activities of tigecycline and 10 other antimicrobials against nonpigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria.
AID558605Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1146 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID1780305Antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa LESB58 LpxA Gly120Ala mutant assessed as reduction in bacterial growth by broth microdilution assay
AID530637Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CB812 harboring rpo B H481Y and gyrA S84L mutant genes by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID532411Antibacterial activity against VIM-2 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone B3 isolate PV-05X-02 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID558630Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 4747 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID294454Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens PTCC 1111 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID279259Antibacterial activity against gatifloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 1076 with ParC S79Y mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID535900Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Citrobacter freundii JS33T harboring qnrA gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID571121Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.12 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID342426Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK137453 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1209583Unbound drug partitioning coefficient, Kp of the compound assessed as ratio of unbound concentration in Sprague-Dawley rat brain to unbound concentration in plasma2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods.
AID580423Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as hypokalemia at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID165193In vitro antibacterial activity measured as minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated on Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 (Pa).1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID1243593Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID545562Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli EIR4a to MIC for Escherichia coli NIHJ2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID561251Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as intermediate isolates by CLSI M100-S17 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
AFN-1252, a FabI inhibitor, demonstrates a Staphylococcus-specific spectrum of activity.
AID565009Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus haemolyticus assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID532410Antibacterial activity against VIM-2 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone B3 isolate CR-04X-14 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID425984Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1635 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID728914Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID531461Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 22 assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID1695917Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 130482019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID570688Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1256547Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-15 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1128840Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis 09-9 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID532913Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli Genehogs by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID558623Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3412 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID522688Antibacterial activity against gyrA01, parC allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID1706860Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae BAA-1705 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID429062Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis JIE273 expressing 16S rRNA methyltransferase RmtC2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
RmtC 16S rRNA methyltransferase in Australia.
AID404293Antibacterial activity against quinoline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 containing single grlA and single gyrA mutation after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID318656Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae TH13 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID531635Antimicrobial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Ureaplasma parvum by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Comparative in vitro activities of the investigational fluoroquinolone DC-159a and other antimicrobial agents against human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas.
AID532900Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 588 transformant by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID1261274Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-22 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID531445Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6A/C assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID1311234Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-32016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID1297316Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294 after 3 days by microplate Alamar Blue assay2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID560509Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate b4k6307 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID1424067Antibiotic activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate CAIRD142 by broth microdilution assay or Alamar blue dye based colorimetric assay2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
The Berkeleylactones, Antibiotic Macrolides from Fungal Coculture.
AID1678760Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 using DMSO as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID728924Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 56500 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID530638Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CB812 harboring rpoB H481Y and gyrA S80F mutant genes by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1567344Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BAA-1605 assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution based antibiotic susceptibility testing method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2,4,5-trisubstituted thiazoles as antituberculosis agents effective against drug-resistant tuberculosis.
AID1261252Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID572136Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii eta clonal group isolate 35 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID508385Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes harboring mutation in L4 ribosomal protein after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID680130TP_TRANSPORTER: transepithelial transport (basal to apical) in Caco-2 cells2000The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Oct, Volume: 295, Issue:1
Secretory mechanisms of grepafloxacin and levofloxacin in the human intestinal cell line caco-2.
AID584493Antibacterial activity against porin deficient OmpA positive extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj1 expressing efflux system by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID374403Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolate 4 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID510510Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex isolate N2AC9-18 expressing KPC beta lactamase2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Detection of KPC in Acinetobacter spp. in Puerto Rico.
AID341098Free AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in human plasma at 500 mg, po2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Impact of resistance selection and mutant growth fitness on the relative efficacies of streptomycin and levofloxacin for plague therapy.
AID342065Antimicrobial activity against epidemic Clostridium difficile BI6-8-17 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID341093Antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant Yersinia pestis mutant on day 4 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Impact of resistance selection and mutant growth fitness on the relative efficacies of streptomycin and levofloxacin for plague therapy.
AID537929Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 08-7 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID405469Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 containing pAT851 in presence of 50 ug/ml efflux pump inhibitor phenyl-arginine-beta-naphthylamide by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID1261267Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID1546142Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as zone of inhibition at 0.001 mol/cm32019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 184Current scenario of tetrazole hybrids for antibacterial activity.
AID1596896Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID532187Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae SY26T harboring wild-type GyrA, ParC, GyrB and qnrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID571137Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID543792Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii VT 126 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID1379008Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 infected in human erythrocytes after 72 hrs by SYBR Green-1 staining based fluorescence assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 139Quinoline hybrids and their antiplasmodial and antimalarial activities.
AID1626655Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 67-02016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14
Development of a Dual-Acting Antibacterial Agent (TNP-2092) for the Treatment of Persistent Bacterial Infections.
AID559618Antimicrobial activity against qnrB-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate assessed as susceptible isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID558792Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Emergence of high levels of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in the Asia-Pacific region: data from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program, 2007.
AID425553Antibacterial activity against penicillin- and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 5055 expressing mefA by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID728916Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID532205Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae WH99T harboring qnrB gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID1685378Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID278241Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-3 gyrA+ with ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID1398597Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae TYPE 1 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID528514Bactericidal activity against levofloxacin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 8 times MIC after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID501604Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 08-18 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 20, Issue:17
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines.
AID571370Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID428802Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261342007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID582519Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 tissue cage Wistar rat infected model assessed as bacterial load reduction at 100 mg/kg/day, ip treated for 7 days measured 24 hrs after last dose (Rvb = 6.8 +/-0.8 logC2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID294446Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID425972Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 2527 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID560512Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate b6k1642 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID584500Antibacterial activity against porin, OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj5 revertant by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID570913Antibacterial activity against community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1652706Induction of Escherichia coli K12 MG1655 recA promotor measured at 30 mins interval for 20 hrs by fluorescence assay relative to control
AID428774Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 assessed as mutant prevention concentration after 72 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID528846Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from ICU patient urine assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID57229Inhibitory activity against mammalian DNA topoisomerase II2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID558783Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Emergence of high levels of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in the Asia-Pacific region: data from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program, 2007.
AID278594Inhibitory activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J532007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AID528702Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus constellatus clinical isolate assessed as susceptibility level by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID286071Half life at 875 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID573354Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Escherichia coli assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID423101Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients assessed as susceptible isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID1243575Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID1254964Antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium IFO13245 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID528837Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus sp. isolated from ICU patient urine assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID520394Antibacterial activity against mef(E)-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate Spain 9V-3 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Polyclonal population structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Spain carrying mef and mef plus erm(B).
AID422684Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 37 after 50 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID532393Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone A2 isolate NA-14X-26 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID559380Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422E harboring GyrB Leu451Phe mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID573366Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Morganella morganii assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID279272Antibacterial activity against gatifloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 37 with GyrA S81Y, GyrB E474K and ParC S79Y mutation after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID582503AUC in Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 infected Wistar rat serum at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID1261268Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID294455Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID1128835Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-6 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID1392397Antifungal activity against Candida albicans CMCC (F) 98001 after 24 hrs by twofold microdilution broth method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Syntheses and structure-activity relationships on antibacterial and anti-ulcerative colitis properties of quaternary 13-substituted palmatines and 8-oxo-13-substituted dihydropalmatines.
AID1128831Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 15 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID278603Inhibitory activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 T03-2222007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AID559616Antimicrobial activity against qnrB-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID571120Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.06 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID728915Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis ATCC 25238 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1152380Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis after 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 24, Issue:12
Synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of novel pyrimidine-benzimidazol combinations.
AID573342Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Citrobacter freundii assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID584492Antibacterial activity against porin, OmpA positive extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj1 revertant by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID544742Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E372 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID373049Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate JN45 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID528817Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolated from ICU patient urine assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID560268Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 infected in Swiss neutropenic mouse assessed as reduction in lung bacterial load at 125 mg/kg, ip BID administered 24 hrs post infection2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID532402Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone D4 isolate VA-06X-47 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID1562749Antibacterial activity against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis NCTC12204 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID1398617Cmax in cynomolgus monkey serum at 5 mg/kg, po2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID530592Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pSmQnr4 carrying Smqnr gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID543813Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID278246Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-4 acrAB::Kan with GyrA S83F, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID575299AUC in common marmoset at 40 mg/kg, po measured on day 1 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID279280Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with gyrA S81Y mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID374402Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolate 3 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID573137Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus agalactiae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID422649Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3676 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID529896Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona isolate 4 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID1685381Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 116381 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID433808Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae Spn-058 infected in one-compartment pharmacodynamic system assessed as decrease in bacterial population administered at simulated at 750 mg dosage regimen every 12 hrs for 10 days by quantitative cul2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID558893Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253h harboring GyrA Ala118Ser mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1562783Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus DNA gyrase subunit A2B2 using relaxed pBR322 DNA as substrate measured after 30 mins in presence of ATP by ethidium bromide-based gel electrophoresis2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID1678764Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27893 using DMSO as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID279257Antibacterial activity against clarithromycin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3009 after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID422648Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3676 after 50 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID1445738Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 infected in C57BL6 mouse keratitis model assessed as log reduction in bacterial burden at 0.5 % administered 4 times daily at 2 hrs interval for 1 day2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Semisynthetic Flavone-Derived Antimicrobials with Therapeutic Potential against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
AID425554Antibacterial activity against macrolide-, quinolone-susceptible and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 100 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID405463Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 in presence of 50 ug/ml efflux pump inhibitor phenyl-arginine-beta-naphthylamide by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID425552Antibacterial activity against penicillin-, macrolide-susceptible and quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1074 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutat2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID369627Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase negative ampicillin-susceptible Haemophilus influenzae by E-test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Can the Etest correctly determine the MICs of beta-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics for beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae?
AID1180568Antimicrobial activity against amoxicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution/CLSI method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 57, Issue:14
Optimization of pyrrolamide topoisomerase II inhibitors toward identification of an antibacterial clinical candidate (AZD5099).
AID372553Antibacterial activity against genetically beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-susceptible Haemophilus influenzae type b without amino acid substitutions in ftsI gene and bla gene assessed as susceptibility rate by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Genetic characteristics and clonal dissemination of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from the upper respiratory tract of patients in Japan.
AID544765Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E424 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID675059Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 10-13 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID560265Normalised AUC in mouse at 60 mg/kg, administered as single dose through aerosol2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1398628Primary phase half life in cynomolgus monkey serum at 10 mg/kg, iv2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID675083Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 10-3 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID558807Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-deficient Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Emergence of high levels of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in the Asia-Pacific region: data from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program, 2007.
AID1297349Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID396285Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae Hex-deficient mutant by disk diffusion method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Identifying mutator phenotypes among fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae using fluctuation analysis.
AID544746Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E426 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID1593374Inhibition of Pks13 D1644G/N1640K double mutant thioesterase domain in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis V2475 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth by microplate alamar blue assay2019Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-11, Volume: 62, Issue:7
Identification of Novel Coumestan Derivatives as Polyketide Synthase 13 Inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Part II.
AID675082Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 10-2 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID498115Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1036 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID545440Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID572132Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii nu clonal group isolate 33 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID523004Antibacterial activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli UTI89 assessed as degradation of preexisting biofilm after 24 hrs by microscopy2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Persistence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in the face of multiple antibiotics.
AID535753Antimicrobial activity against community-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae expressing extended spectrum beta-lactamase obtained from patient with intra-abdominal infection assessed as susceptible isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in community- and hospital-associated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrob
AID279889Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 7.8 uM omeprazole2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID271598Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus SA25522006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID422673Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3009 after 18 passages with levofloxacin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID535752Antimicrobial activity against hospital-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae obtained from patient with intra-abdominal infection assessed as susceptible isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in community- and hospital-associated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrob
AID1706863Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294 measured after 7 days by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID278258Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS9 acrAB::Kan with GyrA S83F, D87N, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID1254965Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae IFO13535 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID496652Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1065 assessed as mutant prevention concentration by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID544751Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E433 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID323884Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53 expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID576555Bactericidal activity against recA-deficient Staphylococcus aureus ASAU022 assessed as induction of increase bacterial kill rate at 2 times MIC by time kill study2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Impact of recA on levofloxacin exposure-related resistance development.
AID1297323Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-18 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID279874Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 500 uM promazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID571918Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii zeta clonal group isolate 23 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aadA1, aacA4, aacC2, aphA6 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID1527488Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis NCIM-2063 assessed as zone of inhibition at 5 ug after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185Structure-activity relationships (SAR) of triazine derivatives: Promising antimicrobial agents.
AID571353Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID728922Antibacterial activity against quinolone, penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 104835 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1759124Antibacterial activity against ESBLs negative Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 by agar method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41Design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of PFK-158 derivatives as potent agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID529857Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa N092 expressing MexE-MexD-OprN gene and OprD mutant gene and harboring nfxC mutant gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID285770Antibacterial activity against Fusobacterium necrophorum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID577221Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 harboring gatA::ISphoA/haha mutation by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
The development of ciprofloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves multiple response stages and multiple proteins.
AID562586Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID572517Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Salmonella enterica serovar Braenderup isolate s2856 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID425969Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 2527 after 20 passages with azithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID586745Antibacterial activity against qnrS gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrS1 assessed as earliest time required to resistant colonies visible one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID573378Antibacterial activity against imipenem-susceptible Acinetobacter assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1626621Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isogenic forms expressing rpoB H481Y/gyrA S84L/parC S80F mutant2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14
Development of a Dual-Acting Antibacterial Agent (TNP-2092) for the Treatment of Persistent Bacterial Infections.
AID1398603Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 033806 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID1436836Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae 09-8 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID572126Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii lambda clonal group isolate 30 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aadB, aadA1 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID498303Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1042 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID342223Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae L14 with parC Lys137Asn and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID559605Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate V2 harboring qnrS1 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID586734Ratio of mutant prevention concentration to MIC for Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID405467Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 containing pAT851 plasmid by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID1261260Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID1730993Antitubercular activity against isoniazid/rifampin resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis KZN494 by MABA assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 213Design and synthesis of mycobacterial pks13 inhibitors: Conformationally rigid tetracyclic molecules.
AID545548Ratio of MIC for Staphylococcus aureus SMR4a to MIC for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID629153Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv assessed as growth inhibition at 1 uM after 6 days by MTT colorimetric microassay2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID542511Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83,N87,gyrB V456, parC I80 and parE A458 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID430964Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 1596 containing gyrA L83 and parC I80, G84 mutants assessed as increase in MIC by Etest relative to MIC for Escherichia coli 1608 containing gyrA mutant2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Contributions of the combined effects of topoisomerase mutations toward fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli.
AID119807In vivo number of survivors on day 4 after administration (30 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID531795Antibacterial activity against SCCmec type 4 genotype-positive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Microbiological and genotypic analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.
AID559523Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus sanguinis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1557258Antitubercular activity against resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis harboring gyrA Asp94His mutant incubated for 28 days by absolute concentration method2019MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 10, Issue:8
Drug-resistance in
AID556507Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2062713 B-Q isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID510171Antimicrobial activity against cephalosporin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID601788Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Escherichia coli 08-21 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID342062Antimicrobial activity against nonepidemic Clostridium difficile ATCC 9689 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID285969Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae D isolate with AcrR Leu31His, Ile121Val and Gln134Lys mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID433809Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae Spn-058 infected in one-compartment pharmacodynamic system assessed as reduction in bacterial density administered at simulated at 500 mg QD dosage regimen measured on day 12007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID573300Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ6 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID278268Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS38 with GyrA D87G mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID522673Antibacterial activity against gyrA02, parC17 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA S81F, S79F/ParC N91D, P140S mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID556510Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 2062716 B-R isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID285281Effect on 1 ug/ml moxifloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 335 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID1256538Antibacterial activity against ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-18 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1069644Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of novel 1,2,4-triazolo [3,4-a] phthalazine derivatives.
AID1079941Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID40320In vitro antibacterial activity measured as minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated on Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 (Bc).1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID428864Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26137 assessed as reduction in number of viable cells under condition simulating oral administration of 200 mg twice daily2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID571693Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii alpha clonal group isolate 2 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aacC1, aadA1 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID285307Effect on 16 ug/ml ciprofloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 218 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID423262Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected outpatients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID613796Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 09-22 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID1079931Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID1416773Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2018MedChemComm, Jan-01, Volume: 9, Issue:1
Synthesis and
AID1257072Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA 300 LAC after 20 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 25, Issue:23
Synthesis of biscoumarin and dihydropyran derivatives with promising antitumor and antibacterial activities.
AID565743Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium expressing VanB gene clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1152382Antimicrobial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia after 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 24, Issue:12
Synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of novel pyrimidine-benzimidazol combinations.
AID285516Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID557148Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1889640 A-Z isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1256558Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-21 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID425358Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1072 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79Y mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1297352Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 14-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID279285Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parC S79F and gyrA S81F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID68520Minimum inhibitory concentration against Enterobacter cloacae AE632003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID1228701Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 694 infected in immunocompetent CD-1 mouse thigh infection model assessed as log reduction in colony forming units at 5 mg/kg, iv administered twice daily at 2 hrs and 12 hrs post-infection measured 242015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-11, Volume: 58, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Hexacyclic Tetracyclines as Potent, Broad Spectrum Antibacterial Agents.
AID424616Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus avium AIS2007004 isolated from patients rectum by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with Inc18-like vanA plasmids in Michigan.
AID406621Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID584488Antibacterial activity against porin, OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj1 revertant by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID559409Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2D harboring GyrB Glu466Lys mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1163993Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID575306Half life in Rhesus monkey at 15 mg/kg followed by 4 mg/kg in 12 hrs dosing interval by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID544865Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 Tr10 harboring gyrA Ser81Tyr parC Ser79Tyr mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID521967Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter coli assessed as resistant isolates by disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli strains: in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents.
AID562406Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID558589Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1 by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID571868Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1706874Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10192 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID498087Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1022 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID575295Half life in common marmoset at 40 mg/kg, po BID measured on day 7 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID424425Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis AIS2007003 isolated from patients rectum by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with Inc18-like vanA plasmids in Michigan.
AID528847Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from ICU patient blood assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID528726Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mitis clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID736560Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolate 12-52013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID524407Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Worldwide experience with the use of doripenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: analysis of six phase 3 clinical studies.
AID586743Antibacterial activity against qnrA gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrA1 assessed as earliest time required to resistant colonies visible one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1243290Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolates by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID499670Antimicrobial activity against quinolone and penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SAR72 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID543800Bactericidal activity against Haemophilus influenzae VT450-2006 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 1 to 10 times MIC after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID279284Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parC S79Y and gyrA E85K mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID498119Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5020 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1261270Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 14-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID540206Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 259223 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID565002Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus hominis assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID576349Bactericidal activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar K infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID561396Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP128 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID561393Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP112 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID279903Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 15.6 uM chlorpromazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID1164005Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 12-5 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID559614Antimicrobial activity against qnrB/S-positive Escherichia coli clinical isolate assessed as resistant isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID1209582Unbound volume of distribution in Sprague-Dawley rat brain slices at 100 nM after 5 hrs2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods.
AID582521Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 tissue cage Wistar rat infected model assessed as bacterial load reduction at 100 mg/kg/day, ip treated for 14 days measured 24 hrs after last dose (Rvb = 7.2 +/- 0.6 lo2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID428789Antibacterial activity against 200 mg b.i.d. levofloxacin-pretreated Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 after 48 hrs of incubation by population analysis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID535638Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype VI R2 harboring F395L, V405A, R433H, H438Y, and G648A mutations in PBP 2X and T567I mutation in PBP 2B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID571698Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii alpha clonal group isolate 6 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aacC1, aadA1 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID279866Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 250 uM prochlorperazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID736565Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 12-132013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID498133Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID528705Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mitis clinical isolate assessed as susceptibility level by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID544868Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1414 harboring gyrA Glu85Lys parC Ser79Phe mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID573392Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Providencia sp. assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID278245Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-4 gyrA+ with ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID548255Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Mu50omega expressing vraSn mutant gene after 24 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Contribution of vraSR and graSR point mutations to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
AID341099Half life in human plasma at 500 mg, po2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Impact of resistance selection and mutant growth fitness on the relative efficacies of streptomycin and levofloxacin for plague therapy.
AID573315Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ26 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID1626604Antimicrobial activity against wild type Staphylococcus aureus2016Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14
Development of a Dual-Acting Antibacterial Agent (TNP-2092) for the Treatment of Persistent Bacterial Infections.
AID573324Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ7 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA, qnrS2, aac(6')-Ib-cr gene by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID341094Antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant Yersinia pestis mutant on day 6 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Impact of resistance selection and mutant growth fitness on the relative efficacies of streptomycin and levofloxacin for plague therapy.
AID422664Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1077 after 50 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID1504625Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990 by microbroth dilution method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-09, Volume: 8, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure.
AID571914Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii zeta clonal group isolate 21 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aacC2, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID509636Antibacterial activity against ampicillin sulfamethoxazole streptomycin kanamycin-resistant Escherichia coli isolate V6-9 carrying qnrB19 gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Characterization of small ColE-like plasmids mediating widespread dissemination of the qnrB19 gene in commensal enterobacteria.
AID208005Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus viridans STV12003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID584499Antibacterial activity against porin, OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj5 expressing efflux system by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID1398613Binding affinity to human serum albumin after 60 mins at 37 degC by ultrafiltration-based LC-MS analysis2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID558894Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253i harboring GyrA Ala118Ser mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID559205Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae D002 harboring parC Ser79Phe and gyrA Ser81Phe mutant genes2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID372561Antibacterial activity against genetically beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b with an amino acid substitution in highly mutated locus Ser-385 of ftsI gene assessed as resistance rate by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Genetic characteristics and clonal dissemination of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from the upper respiratory tract of patients in Japan.
AID442517Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 16 to 20 hrs by microbroth dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 45, Issue:1
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity evaluation of new 1,2,4-triazoles and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles bearing imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole moiety.
AID530595Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pSmQnr7 carrying Smqnr gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID509862Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii using MHB medium with 150 mM assessed as bacterial growth at 0.09 mg/L after 12 hrs in presence of 30 mg/L efflux pump inhibitor PAbetaN2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acinetobacter baumannii increases tolerance to antibiotics in response to monovalent cations.
AID573123Antibacterial activity against coagulase-negative and oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID597913Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 122282011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1473738Inhibition of human BSEP overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-taurocholate in presence of ATP measured after 15 to 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID1691406Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID521458Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T9 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID530125Antimicrobial activity against community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 146 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Pharmacodynamic characterization of ceftobiprole in experimental pneumonia caused by phenotypically diverse Staphylococcus aureus strains.
AID1905249Invivo antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 infected in BALB/c mouse model assessed as reduction of bacterial load in liver at 100 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose measured after 24 hrs by colony counting based analysis2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 04-14, Volume: 65, Issue:7
Spermine-Conjugated Short Proline-Rich Lipopeptides as Broad-Spectrum Intracellular Targeting Antibacterial Agents.
AID1616124Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 292132019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Recent advancements in mechanistic studies and structure activity relationship of F
AID301557Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 31002 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 7-(substituted)-aminomethyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid derivatives.
AID1464094Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells to MIC for Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 272942017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives with antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity.
AID1217710Covalent binding in human liver microsomes measured per mg of protein using radiolabelled compound at 10 uM after 1 hr incubation by liquid scintillation counting2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID1667169Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 72020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID597976Antibacterial activity against Bacillus typhi 500352011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1846913Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 strains 15 1 to 3 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI based microdilution method2021Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-24, Volume: 64, Issue:12
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5-
AID558793Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-expressing Escherichia coli assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Emergence of high levels of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in the Asia-Pacific region: data from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program, 2007.
AID1242655Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as reduction in log10CFU at 1x MIC and 10x MIC measured at 24 hrs relative to control2015ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-09, Volume: 6, Issue:7
Novel Chalcone-Thiazole Hybrids as Potent Inhibitors of Drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1398614Inhibition of CYP3A4 in human liver microsomes at 10 uM assessed as remaining activity by measuring 1'-hydroxylation of midazolam after 30 mins2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID425567Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 3041 after 50 passages by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1781721Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BAA 1605 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID574434Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 544 expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, TEM and PFGE cluster 4 isolated from abscess of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID559538Antibacterial activity against Neisseria meningitidis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID560501Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate gz06040 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID428830Ratio of Cmax in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 496192007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID279864Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 1000 uM prochlorperazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID573135Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1128838Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID428290Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BM4454 isolated from patient with urinary tract infection by E test2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
AdeIJK, a resistance-nodulation-cell division pump effluxing multiple antibiotics in Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID580420Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as urinary tract infection at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID373037Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate DL34 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID425074Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B in presence of IPTG2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Complex class 1 integrons with diverse variable regions, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, and a novel allele, qnrB10, associated with ISCR1 in clinical enterobacterial isolates from Argentina.
AID573298Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ4 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID322326Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae WB4 by broth macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Daptomycin produces an enhanced bactericidal activity compared to ceftriaxone, measured by [3H]choline release in the cerebrospinal fluid, in experimental meningitis due to a penicillin-resistant pneumococcal strain without lysing its cell wall.
AID498191Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia MBS101 containing plasmid encoded Smqnr gene by epsilon test2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
SmQnr contributes to intrinsic resistance to quinolones in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID532911Antimicrobial activity against KPC-3 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 557 ST 327 expressing beta-lactamase TEM-1 by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID540212Mean residence time in human after iv administration2008Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID1297321Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID528823Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from ICU patient blood assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID1562757Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii AYE measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID424328Antimicrobial activity against Dialister invisus by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID678722Covalent binding affinity to human liver microsomes assessed per mg of protein at 10 uM after 60 mins presence of NADPH2012Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10
Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID425652Total body clearance in human2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 52, Issue:15
Physicochemical determinants of human renal clearance.
AID559183Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253E selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID558618Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3263 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID532181Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae SY22T harboring qnrS gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID584569Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate C expressing beta-lactamase OXA-164 isolated from tracheal secretion of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID125265In vitro antibacterial activity measured as minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated on morganella morganii ATCC 8019 (Mm).1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID498109Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA899 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.6 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID683317Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 by microbroth dilution method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Three new 12-carbamoylated streptothricins from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID559165Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2b harboring GyrB Arg447Lys mutant gene selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1311354Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus NCIM 2901 by broth dilution method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of novel ethyl 2-(2-(4-substituted)acetamido)-4-subtituted-thiazole-5-carboxylate derivatives.
AID728898Ratio of AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in Crj:CD rat lung to AUC (0 to 8 hrs) in Crj:CD rat serum at 5 mg/kg, po2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID342067Antimicrobial activity against fluoroquinolone-susceptible nonepidemic Clostridium difficile strain6 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID528844Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID606015Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Morganella morganii 07-09 after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Streptothricin derivatives from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID374537Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 5 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID544966Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis expressing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase by Etest based on multiple determinants2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID556937Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1135121 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID593799Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus megaterium ATCC 19213 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID559611Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Escherichia coli clinical isolate assessed as resistant isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID404295Antibacterial activity against quinoline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 containing double grlA and double gyrA mutation after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID571357Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1311233Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-22016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID528973Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID1417173Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus VRS1 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1616125Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 496192019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Recent advancements in mechanistic studies and structure activity relationship of F
AID532416Antibacterial activity against IMP-13 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone C2 isolate NA-14X-11 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID1395478Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecium 12-3 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID562377Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID422656Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3665 after 50 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID498101Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA881 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID560088Bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 1037 at 1/4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID606016Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2011Journal of natural products, May-27, Volume: 74, Issue:5
Streptothricin derivatives from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID528835Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus sp. isolated from ICU patient respiratory tract assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID542503Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, N87 and parC K84 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID422675Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3009 after 25 passages with clarithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID271604Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis EF1-35242006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID1653558Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium leprae assessed as microbial growth at 0.375 ug/ml in presence of 0.1 ug/ml rifampin measured at 4 weeks (Rvb = 147 +/- 19.1%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID271602Antibacterial activity against ciprofolxacin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SA20172006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID570665Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID532687Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible, K PFGE pattern, emm5 type Streptococcus pyogenes with ST99 sequence type, ParC D83G isolated from oropharyngeal colonization2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID542516Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, Y87 and parC I80, G84 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID559387Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422I harboring GyrA Thr82Ile and GyrB Leu451Phe mutant genes selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID613795Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 08-22 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID543809Bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs by serial dilution2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID342232Antimicrobial activity against Viridans streptococcus L19 with gyrA Ser114Gly, gyrB Ser494Thr, parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1079946Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID558631Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 4755 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID208740Antimicrobial activity against the streptococcus agalactiae CMX 508 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID530597Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pSmQnr9 carrying Smqnr gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID532903Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 531 ST 376 expressing beta-lactamase SHV-1 by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID544940Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E434 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID279900Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 125 uM chlorpromazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID528974Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ICU patient respiratory tract assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID342237Antimicrobial activity against atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae L8 with parC Ser52Gly, Phe55His, Ser58Gly, Asn91Asp, Lys197Asn mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID119816In vivo number of survivors on day 4 after administration (7.5 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID573126Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1773508Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate M-15 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID496397Antibacterial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 SXT2 transconjugant with qnrVC3 gene expressing Vibrio cholerae 59 strain2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Transferable quinolone resistance in Vibrio cholerae.
AID533659Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN42202008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic characterization of Vga ABC proteins conferring reduced susceptibility to pleuromutilins in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID559005Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae W002 harboring wild-type parC and gyrA genes2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID1164000Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12-14 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID278262Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS14 acrAB::Kan with GyrA D87G mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID544942Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E436 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID1408200Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 13-substituted cycloberberine derivatives as a novel class of anti-MRSA agents.
AID1079947Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID565077Antibacterial activity against community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 144 by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Pharmacodynamic profile of tigecycline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental pneumonia model.
AID1706879Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus VRS1 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID556349Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae ATCC 15531 by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates and molecular analysis of macrolide-resistant strains from Shanghai, China.
AID424324Antimicrobial activity against Dialister micraerophilus assessed as susceptibility breakpoint by CA-SFM method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID1355061Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 12-3 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID736150Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 12-42013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID629154Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv assessed as growth inhibition at 0.1 uM after 6 days by MTT colorimetric microassay2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID285520Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma pneumoniae after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens.
AID544759Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E396 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID1254963Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae DT-S assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID558603Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 37 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID572138Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii eta clonal group isolate 36 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID577231Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-intermediate Acinetobacter baumannii AB127 with PFGE subgroup I containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID562408Antimicrobial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID558918Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5i harboring GyrA Ala118Ser, Thr82Ala and GyrB Ser416Ala mutant genes selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID351868Protection against community-acquired pneumonia in patient with pneumonia severity index-5 assessed as mortality at 500 mg administered once daily for 14 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Comparison of beta-lactam and macrolide combination therapy versus fluoroquinolone monotherapy in hospitalized Veterans Affairs patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
AID1773502Hemolytic activity in sheep RBC assessed as hemolysis incubated for 1 hr
AID437324Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 05-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID556939Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949821 B-M isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID425994Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3243 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID561729Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID560516Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate 11b091 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID535637Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype Ib R3 harboring Q557E, A400V mutations in PBP 2X and T567I, G539E mutations in PBP 2B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID318646Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus KT0116 clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID509633Antibacterial activity against tetracycline sulfamethoxazole streptomycin kanamycin-resistant Escherichia coli isolate M66-6 carrying qnrB19 gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Characterization of small ColE-like plasmids mediating widespread dissemination of the qnrB19 gene in commensal enterobacteria.
AID532677Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates assessed as intermediate resistant isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID1164016Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 12-18 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1164009Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID535903Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Escherichia coli PU12 harboring GyrA S83L mutant, wild-type GyrB, ParC and qnrS genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID528969Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ICU patient respiratory tract assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID537928Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 08-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID582522Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 coverslip Wistar rat infected model assessed as bacterial load reduction at 100 mg/kg/day, ip treated for 14 days measured 24 hrs after last dose (Rvb = 5.4 +/- 1 logCFU2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID535632Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus R8 harboring T77I, S353F and A514V in PBP 2X; V80A and G613R in PBP 2B; and L45P, N163K, N723S and G527V in PBP 1A by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID574430Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 386T expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, OXA-9 and PFGE cluster 1 isolated from wound of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID95535In vitro antibacterial activity measured as minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated on klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 (Kp).1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID428803Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261372007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID545551Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ERR2b selected at 2 times MIC of tomopenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1557260Antitubercular activity against resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis harboring gyrA Asp94Gly mutant incubated for 28 days by absolute concentration method2019MedChemComm, Aug-01, Volume: 10, Issue:8
Drug-resistance in
AID544757Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E394 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID544859Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 Tr1 harboring parC Ser79Tyr mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID428833Ratio of Cmax in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261372007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID544752Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E341 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID542783Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli PA11 expressing aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1 and qepA genes by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
AID425360Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1077 harboring S81Y and S79F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA and ParC genes respectively by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID530347Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 harboring pCTX-M carrying blaCTX-M-15 and pQep plasmid carrying qepA2 gene by disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance pump QepA2 in an Escherichia coli isolate from France.
AID570922Antibacterial activity against hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID562366Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus Group F clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1891912Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by microtiter plate assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 64Identification of nitrofuranylchalcone tethered benzoxazole-2-amines as potent inhibitors of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrating bactericidal efficacy.
AID293155Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli without AcrAB efflux system by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 17, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new quinolone derivatives utilizing 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane.
AID535864Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae GZ47T harboring qnrB gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID559194Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5D harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID565323Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M6285 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID428812Ratio of Cmax in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261342007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID571854Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1773511Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate M-18 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID521440Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T2 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID1596876Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BAA1605 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID560517Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type II vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate 07b63 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID565033Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus haemolyticus assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID425544Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1541 harboring S81Y mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F, K137N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID521447Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T21 harboring parC mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID532681Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible, AD PFGE pattern, emm89 type Streptococcus pyogenes with ST382 sequence type, ParC S79A mutant isolated from oropharyngeal colonization2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID556957Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949820 B-N isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID532906Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 525 transformant by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID597978Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 250012011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1464085Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (10-984) assessed as inhibition of microbial growth incubated for 24 hrs by microdilution assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives with antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity.
AID1406194Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 43560 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID1915530Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells incubated for 72 hrs by CCK-8 assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209Comprehensive review for anticancer hybridized multitargeting HDAC inhibitors.
AID580381Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli infected in microbiologically evaluable patient with UTI assessed as cure rate at 250 mg, iv qd for 10 days measured at test-of-cure visit2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1209457Unbound Cmax in human plasma2012Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jan, Volume: 40, Issue:1
In vitro inhibition of the bile salt export pump correlates with risk of cholestatic drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID342401Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK575 with gyrA Ser114Gly, Leu155Val and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp, Pro140Ser mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID293152Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 17, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new quinolone derivatives utilizing 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane.
AID535648Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Escherichia coli FJ3 harboring GyrA S83L, ParC S80R mutant, wild-type GyrB and qnrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID736557Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 12-22013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID522675Antibacterial activity against gyrA03, parC06 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA E85K, S79Y mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID556948Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 1780065 B-B isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID601789Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Klebsiella pneumoniae 09-22 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID428788Antibacterial activity against 80 mg q.d. moxifloxacin-pretreated Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 after 48 hrs of incubation by population analysis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1445905Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA252 after 20 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Triaryl Benzimidazoles as a New Class of Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms.
AID1395473Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID119801In vivo number of survivors on day 1 after administration (15 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID1780303Antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa LESB58 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth by broth microdilution assay
AID557176Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis 1134841 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1706865Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium fortuitum ATCC 6841 by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID278235Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-1 tolC::Kan with GyrA S83F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID531418Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6A/C by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID1311231Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-42016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID406618Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 infected albino guinea pig tissue-cage infection model assessed as infection cure rate at 5 mg/kg, ip administered every 12 hrs for 4 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of a novel rifamycin derivative, ABI-0043, against Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental model of foreign-body infection.
AID286144Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 at fAUC/MIC of 94 after 24 to 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID543812Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pyogenes VT 59 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs by serial dilution2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID498188Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia MBS108 containing both chromosomally and plasmid encoded Smqnr gene by epsilon test2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
SmQnr contributes to intrinsic resistance to quinolones in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID556713Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1889640 A-Z isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID570691Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID575298Half life in common marmoset at 40 mg/kg, po BID measured on day 1 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID437335Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID438298Inhibition of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 5204 PBP2X preincubated for 4 hrs before addition of substrate (R)-[2-(benzoylamino)propionylsulfanyl]acetic acid2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-08, Volume: 52, Issue:19
Discovery of new inhibitors of resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae penicillin binding protein (PBP) 2x by structure-based virtual screening.
AID1436831Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis 09-8 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID558916Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5 2-g harboring GyrA Ala118Ser, Thr82Ala and GyrB Ser416Ala mutant genes selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID571908Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii beta clonal group isolate 18 expressing ompA, adeB, adeM, aacA4, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID279282Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with gyrA S81F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1562786Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus NCTC13616 assessed as generation of drug resistance at 2 times MIC measured after 48 hrs by agar-based microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID556211Drug excretion in pyelonephritis patient urine at 500 mg/kg, iv administered every 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID373039Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate ZJ32 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID530598Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pSmQnr10 carrying Smqnr gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID559629Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia hermannii clinical isolate assessed as resistant isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID1473739Inhibition of human MRP2 overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID1504619Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 1201984 by microbroth dilution method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-09, Volume: 8, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure.
AID323920Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2A1-7 fast2 with rplC D159Y and unmapped mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID285772Antibacterial activity against Peptostreptococcus anaerobius2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID675077Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 10-3 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID1164015Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID544750Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E432 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID553805Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027 expressing gyrB Glu466Lys mutant grown on fluoroquinolone-containing medium after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Effects of exposure of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 027 and 001 to fluoroquinolones in a human gut model.
AID244998Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 was determined2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-18, Volume: 14, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids bearing cyclopropane-fused 2-amino-8-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-yl substituents at the C-7 position.
AID522873Antibacterial activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli UTI89 infected in human 5637 cells assessed as decrease in intracellular bacterial level at 200 to 300 ug/ml after 12 hrs by serial dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Persistence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in the face of multiple antibiotics.
AID425985Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3243 after 20 passages with moxifloxacin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID544944Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E438 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID629119Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells after 120 hrs by MTT asasy2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID164395Antimicrobial activity against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa K 799/61 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID533879Antibacterial activity against amoxicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
In vitro activity of ceftaroline against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefotaxime.
AID571835Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID541049Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) to MIC for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 in Albino guiena pig model of foreign-body infection at 10 mg/kg, ip2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Linezolid alone or combined with rifampin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental foreign-body infection.
AID516162Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates assessed as susceptible isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activity of telavancin against a contemporary worldwide collection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
AID1869528Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633 measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID285297Effect on 0.03 ug/ml DQ113-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 216 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID582504AUC in Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 infected Wistar rat tissue cage fluid at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID576334Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar D infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID559628Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia hermannii clinical isolate by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID721135Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3
A facile synthesis, antibacterial activity of pulvinone and its derivatives.
AID573133Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID571356Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID519995Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring erm(B) and mef(A) gene2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
In vitro activities of the Rx-01 oxazolidinones against hospital and community pathogens.
AID1653095Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells by CCK8 assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 165Quinolone hybrids and their anti-cancer activities: An overview.
AID425355Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1055 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F, K137N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID556237Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1889640 A-Z isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1398599Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis ATCC 25238 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID565038Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus haemolyticus assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID1406181Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 13-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID576556Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ASAU021 infected in in vitro hollow fiber infection model assessed as suppression of microbial resistance at AUC/MIC ratio of >322010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Impact of recA on levofloxacin exposure-related resistance development.
AID1395483Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-8 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID561841Drug uptake in epithelial lining fluid of Swiss-Webster mouse infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 200 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in a murine pneumonia model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: determination of epithelial lining fluid targets.
AID522682Antibacterial activity against gyrA01, parC19 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA S79A/ParC N91D, P140S mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID561752Antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID1591972Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium 12-1 assessed as prevention of visible bacterial growth incubated for 18 hrs by broth dilution method2019Journal of natural products, 08-23, Volume: 82, Issue:8
Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Cervinomycins B
AID557175Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1134642 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID556242Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 2062716 B-R isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID271606Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumonia SVI SP32006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID425549Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1068 harboring E85K mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79Y, K137N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene showing efflux to ciproflox2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID285971Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae D2 isolate with GyrA Ser84Tyr, ParC Glu88Lys and AcrR Leu31His, Ile121Val and Gln134Lys mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID1254957Inhibition of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase preincubated for 5 mins at 37 degC before addition of relaxed pBR322 as substrate by supercoiling assay2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID428810Ratio of Cmax in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 496192007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID521837Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli J53 transconjugated with Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate VA367 containing blaKPC-3, qnrB19, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11, aac(6')-1b genes by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States.
AID529900Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae isolate 9 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID573344Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Citrobacter freundii assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1417157Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID532401Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone D3 isolate VA-06X-65 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID573368Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Proteus mirabilis assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1395471Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID406629Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate-6 with parE Ile460Val mutation by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID1624160Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-1705 after 24 hrs2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164Synthesis and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides as antitubercular agents effective on drug resistant tuberculosis.
AID428823Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261372007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID531451Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 33 assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID544967Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis expressing beta-lactamase AmpC by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID586738Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as earliest time required to resistant colonies visible one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1520448Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes after 18 to 20 hrs by CLSI-protocol based broth microdilution method
AID558802Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-deficient Klebsiella oxytoca assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Emergence of high levels of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in the Asia-Pacific region: data from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program, 2007.
AID1417166Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10129 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1194954Antimicrobial activity against quinolone-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus MS59352015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 25, Issue:9
Tricyclic 1,5-naphthyridinone oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents-SAR of left-hand-side moiety (Part-2).
AID279897Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 1000 uM chlorpromazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID1329019Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae PBS9812016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 24, Issue:24
Discovery, pharmacology, and clinical profile of omadacycline, a novel aminomethylcycline antibiotic.
AID279283Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parC S79Y and gyrA S81F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID545553Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ERR4a selected at 4 times MIC of tomopenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1781720Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID573360Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID597974Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 172011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1163984Antimycobacterial activity against isoniazid and rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis 6133 by MABA method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID369229Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent resistant isolates by CLSI breakpoint method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Serotypes, Clones, and Mechanisms of Resistance of Erythromycin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates Collected in Spain.
AID1127619Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 NCTC 7466 expressing GyrB T172A/ParE T172A double mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID557145Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis 1134841 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1243590Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID604021Unbound volume of distribution in Sprague-Dawley rat brain measured per gram of brain tissue administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr b2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID557165Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 2297257 B-W isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID559530Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID574427Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 360 expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, CTX-M-15, OXA-9, TEM and PFGE cluster 1 isolated from urine of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID496643Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 3321 by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID697245AUC (infinity) in CD1 mouse infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ARC 1692 at 80 mg/kg/day, ip2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 55, Issue:15
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II with reduced pK(a): antibacterial agents with an improved safety profile.
AID395715Antibacterial activity against Lactococcus lactis IL-1419 containing ORI23::qnr-cat promoter mutant by twofold dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Role of a qnr-like gene in the intrinsic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis to fluoroquinolones.
AID425762Antibacterial activity against penicillin-, macrolide-susceptible and quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1074 harboring S81F, E85K mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1141105Antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens ATCC 14576 after 24 to 48 hrs by two-fold broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10
Exploring 5-nitrofuran derivatives against nosocomial pathogens: synthesis, antimicrobial activity and chemometric analysis.
AID1695919Antibacterial activity against Morganella morganii ATCC 258302019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID532682Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible, DX PFGE pattern, emm6 type Streptococcus pyogenes with ST382 sequence type, ParC S79A mutant isolated from oropharyngeal colonization2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID593806Antimicrobial activity against quinilone-pencillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolate by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID1406196Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens ATCC 21074 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID1406184Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID1261264Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-15 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID369630Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase positive ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Can the Etest correctly determine the MICs of beta-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics for beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae?
AID122920Antimicrobial activity against the micrococcus luteus 9341 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID205894Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus epidermidis (MSCR; Methicillin sensitive, ciprofloxacin resistant) SE482003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID570914Antibacterial activity against community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID510157Antimicrobial activity against cephalosporin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID528505Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 16 times MIC upto 60 mins by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID271597Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus UC-76 SA-12006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID562606Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID593800Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID425575Antibacterial activity against macrolide-, quinolone-susceptible and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 100 harboring S81Y mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene after 22 passages with moxifloxacin measured afte2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID548739Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus assessed as percent susceptible isolate by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID1890007Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate 42 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition by CLSI protocol based assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 65Discovery and structure-activity relationships of a novel oxazolidinone class of bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID530588Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID559240Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae S001 harboring parC Asp83Asn mutant and wild-type gyrA genes assessed as mutation prevention concentration after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID1653562Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium leprae assessed as microbial growth at 0.1875 ug/ml in presence of 0.0062 ug/ml KRM-1648 measured at 4 weeks (Rvb = 147 +/- 19.1%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID1915565Inhibition of tubulin polymerization (unknown origin) incubated for 15 mins in presence of GTP by fluorescence-based tubulin polymerization assay kit2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209Comprehensive review for anticancer hybridized multitargeting HDAC inhibitors.
AID405456Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli C600Rif in presence of 40 ug/ml efflux pump inhibitor 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID1398593Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 12344 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID1464091Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294 assessed as inhibition of mycobacterial growth incubated for 2 weeks by MABA method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives with antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity.
AID523002Cytotoxicity against human 5637 cells assessed as mild induction of cell death by LDH release assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Persistence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in the face of multiple antibiotics.
AID544733Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E362 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID10953AUC in mice after oral dose (50 mg/kg)1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID535654Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae FJ61 harboring GyrA S83I, GyrA D87A, ParC S80I mutant, wild-type GyrB and qnrS genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID529864Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa COR6 to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID573306Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ14 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID1079939Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID1624162Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium fortuitum after 7 days by alamar blue assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164Synthesis and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides as antitubercular agents effective on drug resistant tuberculosis.
AID245029Minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus haemolyticus ATCC 299702005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID342255Effect on growth of fluoroquinolone-resistant epidemic Clostridium difficile NAP1 in CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial density in cecal content at 0.2 mg/day, sc for 5 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID571898Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii beta clonal group isolate 13 expressing ompA, adeB, adeM, aacA4, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID293149Antibacterial activity against quinoline-intermediate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 17, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new quinolone derivatives utilizing 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane.
AID428813Ratio of Cmax in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261372007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID498107Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1887542Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BAA 1605 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID510169Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID497758Apparent permeability across basolateral to apical side in human Calu3 cells2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Relative contributions of active mediated transport and passive diffusion of fluoroquinolones with various lipophilicities in a Calu-3 lung epithelial cell model.
AID532408Antibacterial activity against VIM-2 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone B2 isolate VA-06X-28 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID1781724Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID560505Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type II vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate b2k4781 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID1417171Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10194 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID294459Antibacterial activity against Shigella flexneri NCTC 8516 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID541075Cmin in cage fluid of Albino guiena pig at 10 mg/kg, ip after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Linezolid alone or combined with rifampin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental foreign-body infection.
AID1273932Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 assessed as inhibition of 12 hrs pre-established biofilm formation at 0.064 umol/well after 20 hrs by safranin staining-based method2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID1161505Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae after 18 to 20 hrs by broth microdilution2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Optimization of physicochemical properties and safety profile of novel bacterial topoisomerase type II inhibitors (NBTIs) with activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID396292Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 455 with parC S79Y, gyrA S81F mutation by disk diffusion method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Identifying mutator phenotypes among fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae using fluctuation analysis.
AID521966Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter jejuni assessed as resistant isolates by disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli strains: in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents.
AID1398620Drug recovery in cynomolgus monkey urine at 5 mg/kg, po after 24 hrs2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID318654Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium KU1778 clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID373034Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate BJ3-9 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID444058Volume of distribution at steady state in human2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID571886Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii alpha clonal group isolate 7 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID531853Tmax in tuberculosis patient at 1000 mg/day, po administered for 7 days by HPLC2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis.
AID586739Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrA gene and pBK-QnrA1 assessed as earliest time required to resistant colonies visible one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID613783Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 08-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID497759Efflux ratio of apparent permeability across basolateral to apical side over apical to basolateral side in human Calu3 cells2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Relative contributions of active mediated transport and passive diffusion of fluoroquinolones with various lipophilicities in a Calu-3 lung epithelial cell model.
AID444053Renal clearance in human2010Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-11, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Physicochemical space for optimum oral bioavailability: contribution of human intestinal absorption and first-pass elimination.
AID1436826Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID519140Antimicrobial activity against community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus expressing PVL and mec type IV gene assessed as resistant strains by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Antimicrobial activities of Ceftaroline and ME1036 tested against clinical strains of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID529195Antibacterial activity against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli assessed as sensitive isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5
Comparison of antimicrobial resistance profiles among extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and acquired AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from Canadian intensive care units.
AID556472Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1655646 A-Y isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1773500Antibacterial activity against Salmonella enterica 349812 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID553692Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium in three-stage chemostat gut model assessed as log reduction in bacterial count at 63 mg/liter administered daily for 7 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Effects of exposure of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 027 and 001 to fluoroquinolones in a human gut model.
AID498305Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID559498Antibacterial activity against vancomycin- resistant Enterococcus faecium assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID675078Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli 10-3 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID1562759Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID285970Antimicrobial susceptibility against Haemophilus influenzae D1 isolate with GyrA Ser84Tyr, ParC Glu88Lys and AcrR Leu31His, Ile121Val and Gln134Lys mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability.
AID498098Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1042 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID542779Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii D26 expressing qnrB6 and CTX-M-9G genes by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
AID586731Ratio of mutant prevention concentration to MIC for Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrA gene and pBK-QnrA12011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1254958Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli NIHJ assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID582492Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 tissue cage Wistar rat infected model assessed as bacterial load reduction at 100 mg/kg/day, ip treated for 14 days measured 24 hrs after last dose (Rvb = 7.2 +/- 0.6 lo2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID593810Antimicrobial activity against quinilone-pencillin-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolate by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID1297329Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID573129Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID524424Antibacterial activity against Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates isolated from patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as cure rate at test-of-cure visit by mMITT analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Worldwide experience with the use of doripenem against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: analysis of six phase 3 clinical studies.
AID279277Antimicrobial activity agaisnt Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parC S79Y mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID571870Antibacterial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID520638Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli MRY04-1060 expressing qepA gene by agar dilution CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Plasmid-mediated qepA gene among Escherichia coli clinical isolates from Japan.
AID285295Effect on 32 ug/ml ciprofloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 216 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID559541Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID396293Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 3386 with parC S79F, gyrA S81F mutation by disk diffusion method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Identifying mutator phenotypes among fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae using fluctuation analysis.
AID1901696Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis 13946 clinical isolate measured by MABA assay2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 231Identification of thiophene-benzenesulfonamide derivatives for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
AID422659Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1077 after 29 passages with azithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID342229Antimicrobial activity against Viridans streptococcus L16 with gyrA Ser114Gly, gyrB Ser494Thr and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID532391Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone A1 isolate FG-17X-14 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID531850Clearance in tuberculosis patient at 1000 mg/day, po administered for 7 days measured after 24 hrs by HPLC2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis.
AID560515Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate 13b16 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID405462Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 in presence of 40 ug/ml efflux pump inhibitor 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID558905Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5e harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID373032Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate FW-F1 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID118080In vivo percent survival on day 7th after administration (30 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID1297327Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID245205Minimum inhibitory concentration against vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus MU 32005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID30416Antimicrobial activity against the acinetobacter sp. CMX 669 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID532184Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae SY26 harboring GyrA S83I, ParC S80I mutant, wild-type GyrB and qnrB genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID728900Cmax in Crj:CD rat serum at 5 mg/kg, po2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID571576Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID572144Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii unique clonal group isolate 39 expressing ampC, ompA, adeM by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID1256557Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1127590Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant and quinoline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID1167742Antimicrobial activity against wild-type Streptococcus pneumoniae 548 by broth microdilution method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-13, Volume: 57, Issue:21
Novel DNA gyrase inhibiting spiropyrimidinetriones with a benzisoxazole scaffold: SAR and in vivo characterization.
AID1436832Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium 05-8 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID564814Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID1408197Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 13-substituted cycloberberine derivatives as a novel class of anti-MRSA agents.
AID425974Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 24 after 50 passages with moxifloxacin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID69597Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-03, Volume: 47, Issue:12
Chemometric studies on the bactericidal activity of quinolones via an extended VolSurf approach.
AID425568Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 228 expressing ermB after 50 passages by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID372995Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium intracellular JATA52-01 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as spleen bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last do2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID528983Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae isolated from ICU patient wound assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID736151Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 12-22013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID1867246Antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Helicobacter pylori G27 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition incubated for 3 days by broth microdilution method
AID520639Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli MRY05-3283 expressing qepA and rmtB gene by agar dilution CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Plasmid-mediated qepA gene among Escherichia coli clinical isolates from Japan.
AID582505Ratio of AUC in Wistar rat tissue cage fluid to MIC for Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 at 100 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID373031Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate PU4A22 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID532896Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 469 transformant by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID562383Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1217709Time dependent inhibition of CYP3A4 (unknown origin) at 100 uM by LC/MS system2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID535882Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae JN132T harboring qnrB gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID573130Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID528849Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from ICU patient respiratory tract assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID279905Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 3.9 uM chlorpromazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID318652Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID535873Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Citrobacter freundii JN1 harboring GyrA T83I, ParC S80I mutant, wild-type GyrB and qnrA genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID323908Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 with rplC G152D and D159Y mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID575290Tmax in human at 500 mg, po QD measured on day 10 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID1436823Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 expressing NDM-1 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID207201In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213)1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9
Synthesis and bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitory properties of a spirocyclopropylquinolone derivative.
AID1143634Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus sp. ATCC 6589 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by micro dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID496642Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1151 by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID1678778Solubility of compound in DMSO at 1 mM in presence of hexa-fluorobenzene by 19F-NMR analysis2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID529642Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli T-781 harboring expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene to MIC for Escherichia coli HB1012008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID1500593Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis FQ-R1 harboring gyrB D94N mutant after 5 days by fluorescence-based assay2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 138The antitrypanosomal and antitubercular activity of some nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based aromatic amines.
AID755690Binding affinity to wild type human ERG expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of tail current measured upon repolarization to -40 mV by patch clamp method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13
The synergic modeling for the binding of fluoroquinolone antibiotics to the hERG potassium channel.
AID1685371Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33592 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID405817Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas putida 12346 isolate harboring bla IMP-1 carrying integron In86 containing aminoglycoside resistance gene aac(6')-32007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Characterization of an integron carrying blaIMP-1 and a new aminoglycoside resistance gene, aac(6')-31, and its dissemination among genetically unrelated clinical isolates in a Brazilian hospital.
AID573362Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1355062Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 12-8 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID342248Increase in toxin level in nonepidemic Clostridium difficile J29 infected CF1 mouse administered 20 times the usual human dose for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID532899Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 588 ST 340 expressing beta-lactamase TEM-1 and SHV-11 by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID559617Antimicrobial activity against qnrB-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate assessed as resistant isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID570685Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.06 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID318663Antibacterial activity against Clostridium perfringens GAI 5526 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID428821Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily to mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-239582007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID286146Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 at fAUC/MIC of 117 after 24 to 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID323914Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2A1-1 with rplC G152D, D159Y and unmapped mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID580390Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli isolated from patient with urinary tract infection receiving drug at 250 mg, iv qd for 10 days measured after post drug therapy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1256539Antibacterial activity against ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-19 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1730992Antitubercular activity against multi drug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis V2475 by MABA assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 213Design and synthesis of mycobacterial pks13 inhibitors: Conformationally rigid tetracyclic molecules.
AID572519Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolate s2425 harboring wild type ParC gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID575309AUC (0 to infinity) in Rhesus monkey at 15 mg/kg followed by 4 mg/kg in 12 hrs dosing interval by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID405297Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Portlandvere infected golden Syrian hamster model of acute lethal leptospirosis assessed as survival at 50 mg/kg/day, ip once daily for 5 days administered 2 day after infection2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of fluoroquinolones against Leptospira interrogans in a hamster model.
AID425545Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 2527 harboring S81Y mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, S79F, K137N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID516169Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activity of telavancin against a contemporary worldwide collection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
AID396289Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 by disk diffusion method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Identifying mutator phenotypes among fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae using fluctuation analysis.
AID541090Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 during stationary growth phase by macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Linezolid alone or combined with rifampin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental foreign-body infection.
AID562402Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID404949Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate assessed as percent resistant isolates by CLSI dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro activities of CG400549, a novel FabI inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in Korea.
AID565321Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M6257 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID396286Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae D39-2 with gyrA S81F, parE D435N mutation by disk diffusion method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Identifying mutator phenotypes among fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae using fluctuation analysis.
AID586744Antibacterial activity against qnrB gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrB1 assessed as earliest time required to resistant colonies visible one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID1128830Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID342073Effect on growth of nonepidemic Clostridium difficile J29 in CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial density in cecal content at 0.2 mg/day, sc for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID571380Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID285771Antibacterial activity against Fusobacterium sp.2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID530632Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CB190 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1128843Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecium 12-3 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID1217704Time dependent inhibition of CYP1A2 (unknown origin) at 100 uM by LC/MS system2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID1436841Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae 45301 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID318666Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma pneumoniae FH Liu by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID279129Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis ATCC 43765 after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID572513Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Mbandaka isolate s2159 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID342221Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae L12 with gyrA Ser81Phe, parC Ser79 Phe and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID422665Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1077 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID244935Minimum inhibitory concentration against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 100312005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID544758Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E395 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID571146Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID430966Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli SKM9 containing gyrA L83, Y87 and parC L80 mutants assessed as increase in MIC by Etest relative to MIC for Escherichia coli 1596 containing gyrA L83 and parC I80 mutants2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Contributions of the combined effects of topoisomerase mutations toward fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli.
AID571877Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID710020Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 55, Issue:22
From triclosan toward the clinic: discovery of nonbiocidal, potent FabI inhibitors for the treatment of resistant bacteria.
AID545567Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli EMR2a selected at 2 times MIC of meropenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID560507Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate b2k3421 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID425072Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B expressing pCRQB10 in presence of IPTG2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Complex class 1 integrons with diverse variable regions, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, and a novel allele, qnrB10, associated with ISCR1 in clinical enterobacterial isolates from Argentina.
AID601783Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Enterococcus faecalis 08-10 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1243288Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615 by standard broth microdilution method2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 25, Issue:18
Synthesis and biological evaluation of levofloxacin core-based derivatives with potent antibacterial activity against resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
AID1408206Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 16-34 clinical isolate after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 13-substituted cycloberberine derivatives as a novel class of anti-MRSA agents.
AID373006Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N018 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as lung bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID1143632Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 17759 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by micro dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID575297Cmax in common marmoset at 40 mg/kg, po BID measured on day 1 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID559526Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1128849Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-deficient Klebsiella pneumoniae 7 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID1691416Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium ATCC 700221 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID1406188Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase deficient Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID323913Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 with rplC G152D, D159Y, G155R and A150T mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID535342Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates assessed as susceptible isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens in Spain: latest data and changes over 11 years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007).
AID1416768Antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv after 2 weeks by broth microdilution method2018MedChemComm, Jan-01, Volume: 9, Issue:1
Synthesis and
AID1392395Antibacterial activity against clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hrs by twofold microdilution broth method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Syntheses and structure-activity relationships on antibacterial and anti-ulcerative colitis properties of quaternary 13-substituted palmatines and 8-oxo-13-substituted dihydropalmatines.
AID508371Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae harboring erm(A) gene after overnight incubation by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.
AID532406Antibacterial activity against VIM-2 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone B1 isolate SS-09X-45 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID573356Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Escherichia coli assessed as susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID528977Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ICU patient blood assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID1706861Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BAA1605 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID1141104Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 24 to 48 hrs by two-fold broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10
Exploring 5-nitrofuran derivatives against nosocomial pathogens: synthesis, antimicrobial activity and chemometric analysis.
AID544946Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae E373 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID575288Cmax in human at 500 mg, po QD measured on day 10 by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID286074Peak free concentration at 843.5 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID575311Tmax in Rhesus monkey at 15 mg/kg by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID571127Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1773496Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID556215Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2062713 B-Q isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1256551Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1297345Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-37 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID279255Antibacterial activity against gatifloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3009 after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID423103Antibacterial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients assessed as susceptible isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID278239Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-2 tolC::Kan with GyrA S83F, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID562595Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1653100Antiproliferative activity against human MCF10A cells by CCK8 assay2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-01, Volume: 165Quinolone hybrids and their anti-cancer activities: An overview.
AID1395509Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase deficient Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-4 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID522678Antibacterial activity against gyrA03, parC10 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA E85K/ParC D83G mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID560503Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type II vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate 6zjsau7 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID710022Antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 55, Issue:22
From triclosan toward the clinic: discovery of nonbiocidal, potent FabI inhibitors for the treatment of resistant bacteria.
AID541091Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 during logarithmic growth phase by macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Linezolid alone or combined with rifampin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental foreign-body infection.
AID1261250Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID1890006Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate 43 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition by CLSI protocol based assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 65Discovery and structure-activity relationships of a novel oxazolidinone class of bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID520395Antibacterial activity against erm(B) and mef(E)-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate Sweden 15A-25 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Polyclonal population structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Spain carrying mef and mef plus erm(B).
AID559386Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422H harboring GyrA Thr82Ile and GyrB Leu451Phe mutant genes selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1557324Toxicity in human assessed as arthralgia effect2019MedChemComm, Oct-01, Volume: 10, Issue:10
Quinolone antibiotics.
AID428778Ratio of mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261342007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID285813Antistaphylococcal activity against quinolone and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antistaphylococcal activity of DX-619 alone and in combination with vancomycin, teicoplanin, and linezolid assessed by time-kill synergy testing.
AID405821Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii 695 isolate harboring bla IMP-1 carrying integron In86 containing aminoglycoside resistance gene aac(6')-32007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Characterization of an integron carrying blaIMP-1 and a new aminoglycoside resistance gene, aac(6')-31, and its dissemination among genetically unrelated clinical isolates in a Brazilian hospital.
AID573320Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ2 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qnrS1 by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID542501Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring parE A458 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID577243Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB096 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID318661Antibacterial activity against Peptostreptococcus anaerobius GAI 5506 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID374405Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolate 6 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID1297330Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-9 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID279880Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 7.8 uM promazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID545565Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli EIR8a selected at 8 times MIC of imipenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1706877Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10194 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID571878Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1069641Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of novel 1,2,4-triazolo [3,4-a] phthalazine derivatives.
AID437331Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 7 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1562784Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus DNA gyrase S84L mutant2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID1128852Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-8 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID423258Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected female patients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID496653Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1135 assessed as mutant prevention concentration by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID425577Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant and quinolone-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 228 expressing ermB and harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene, D83N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene and I4602008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID286055Peak free concentration at 750 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID408340Inhibition of human ERG expressed in CHO cells by whole cell patch clamp technique2008Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 16, Issue:11
Support vector machines classification of hERG liabilities based on atom types.
AID542944Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53 transformed with pHNPA1 carrying qnrB6 gene by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
AID572525Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Salmonella enterica serovar Corvallis isolate s2017 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID1297320Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID498085Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as inhibition of biofilm formation by microtiter plate reader assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1695918Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens ATCC 210742019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID203276Antimicrobial activity against the Staphylococcus aureus 45 by 2-fold agar dilution method using brain-heart infusion agar.1987Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 30, Issue:12
Chiral DNA gyrase inhibitors. 2. Asymmetric synthesis and biological activity of the enantiomers of 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H- pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid (ofloxacin).
AID544745Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E422 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID373046Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate ZS5 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID559630Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia hermannii clinical isolate assessed as susceptible isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID498099Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5043 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID565013Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus simulans assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID757893Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 23, Issue:14
Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel AHL analogues.
AID557166Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2215767-9 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID675087Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10-5 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID1706864Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium abscessus ATCC 19977 by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID351863Protection against community-acquired pneumonia in patient with pneumonia severity index-3 assessed as mortality at 500 mg administered once daily for 30 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Comparison of beta-lactam and macrolide combination therapy versus fluoroquinolone monotherapy in hospitalized Veterans Affairs patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
AID1685387Potentiation of conjugate 12-induced antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 assessed as conjugate 12 MIC measured after 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 64 to 128 ug/ml)2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID1163997Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producin Klebsiella pneumoniae 12-7 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID532400Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone D2 isolate VA-06X-17 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID572124Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii lambda clonal group isolate 29 expressing ampC, ompA, adeM, aadB, aadA1 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID391987Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 containing ORI23 promoter by twofold dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Role of a qnr-like gene in the intrinsic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis to fluoroquinolones.
AID736563Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis isolate 12-12013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID405454Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli C600Rif by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID428775Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26137 ParC Ser79Phe assessed as mutant prevention concentration after 72 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID496649Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1151 assessed as mutant prevention concentration by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID521840Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli J53 transconjugated with Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate VA375 containing qnrA1, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11genes by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States.
AID521838Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate VA375 with blaKPC-3, qnrA1, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11 genes by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States.
AID559204Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae D001 harboring parC Ser79Phe and gyrA Gly85Lys mutant genes2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID728892Drug recovery in Crj:CD rat urine at 5 mg/kg, po after 24 hrs2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID351867Protection against community-acquired pneumonia in patient with pneumonia severity index-4 assessed as mortality at 500 mg administered once daily for 14 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Comparison of beta-lactam and macrolide combination therapy versus fluoroquinolone monotherapy in hospitalized Veterans Affairs patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
AID237037Dissociation constant (pKa) was determined2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID629152Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv assessed as growth inhibition at 10 uM after 6 days by MTT colorimetric microassay2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID424322Antimicrobial activity against Dialister micraerophilus assessed as susceptibility breakpoint by CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID425071Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53-AzR in presence of IPTG2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Complex class 1 integrons with diverse variable regions, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, and a novel allele, qnrB10, associated with ISCR1 in clinical enterobacterial isolates from Argentina.
AID285774Antibacterial activity against Peptostreptococcus magnus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID1398607Inhibition of human ERG expressed in CHOK1 cells at 30 uM2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID208305Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pneumoniae (PR; Penicillin resistant) STP512003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID1562787Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus NCTC12204 assessed as generation of drug resistance at 2 times MIC measured after 48 hrs by agar-based microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID1297351Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID576015Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RDN1 harboring cloned pTZ2396-encoded QacA gene by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Fluoroquinolone efflux by the plasmid-mediated multidrug efflux pump QacB variant QacBIII in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID604025Unbound CSF to plasma concentration ratio in Sprague-Dawley rat administered in casettes of 2/3 drugs at 4 hr constant rate intravenous infusions using flow rate of 1 (ml/kg)/hr corresponding to dosage rate of 2 (umol/kg)/hr by LC-MS/MS method2009Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-22, Volume: 52, Issue:20
Structure-brain exposure relationships in rat and human using a novel data set of unbound drug concentrations in brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids.
AID1596892Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10129 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID528834Antimicrobial activity against CTX-M ESBL producing Escherichia coli assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID678714Inhibition of human CYP2C19 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 3-butyryl-7-methoxycoumarin as substrate after 30 mins2012Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10
Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID271596Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus SA14172006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 49, Issue:22
3-aminoquinazolinediones as a new class of antibacterial agents demonstrating excellent antibacterial activity against wild-type and multidrug resistant organisms.
AID528503Bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 4 times MIC upto 60 mins by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID1678779Solubility of compound in cyrene at 1 mM in presence of hexa-fluorobenzene by 19F-NMR analysis2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID1691413Antibacterial activity against NDM-1 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID557170Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus haemolyticus 1949819 B-M isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1355058Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID498092Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA876 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID290345Displacement of [3H]dofetilide from human ERG by fliter binding assay2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8
The synthesis and biological evaluation of novel series of nitrile-containing fluoroquinolones as antibacterial agents.
AID537940Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 09-33 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID244990Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus FDA 209P was determined2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-18, Volume: 14, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids bearing cyclopropane-fused 2-amino-8-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-yl substituents at the C-7 position.
AID279278Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parC D83Y mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID318660Antibacterial activity against Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus GAI 5534 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID683319Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis MC2 155 by microbroth dilution method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Three new 12-carbamoylated streptothricins from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID1685372Antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolate CANWARD-2008 81388 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID244924Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mitis IID685 was determined2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-18, Volume: 14, Issue:20
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids bearing cyclopropane-fused 2-amino-8-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-yl substituents at the C-7 position.
AID755684Inhibition of human ERG current by patch clamp assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13
The synergic modeling for the binding of fluoroquinolone antibiotics to the hERG potassium channel.
AID560148Antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori clinical isolates harboring mutation in gyrA gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Sitafloxacin activity against Helicobacter pylori isolates, including those with gyrA mutations.
AID697249Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ARC 1692 in ABT-treated CD1 mouse neutropenic thigh infection model assessed as reduction in log10 CFU per gram of thigh at 80 mg/kg/day, ip qd starting 2 hrs post-infection measur2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 55, Issue:15
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II with reduced pK(a): antibacterial agents with an improved safety profile.
AID285708Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID559535Antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID562589Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-nonsusceptible Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1436835Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID565812Antimicrobial activity against Neisseria meningitidis assessed as resistant isolate by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Determination of CEM-101 activity tested against clinical isolates of Neisseria meningitidis from a worldwide collection.
AID1678759Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 using cyrene as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID545013Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa P330 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID286134Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49619 with parC S79Y mutation at fAUC/MIC of 82 after 24 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID529848Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID544722Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E353 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID586727Antibacterial activity against qnrA gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrA1 assessed as mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID728907Inhibition of human ERG expressed in CHOK1 cells at 30 uM2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID425558Antibacterial activity against penicillin-, quinolone-resistant and macrolide-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1058 harboring S79F, K137N mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of ParC gene and 460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by br2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1436842Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes 45102 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID523892Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 15151 harboring ISAba1-blaOXA-23 gene by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Genetic basis of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter clinical isolates in Taiwan.
AID556728Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1655646 A-Y isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1128848Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID1562751Antibacterial activity against methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID1395511Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12-16 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID544950Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli expressing beta-lactamase AmpC by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Characterization and sequence analysis of extended-spectrum-{beta}-lactamase-encoding genes from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates collected during tigecycline phase 3 clinical trials.
AID588210Human drug-induced liver injury (DILI) modelling dataset from Ekins et al2010Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Dec, Volume: 38, Issue:12
A predictive ligand-based Bayesian model for human drug-induced liver injury.
AID545464Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas fluorescens assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID278251Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS1 tolC::Kan with GyrA S83F, D87N, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID558910Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5 1-g harboring GyrA Ala92Glu and GyrB Ser416Ala mutant genes selected after 8 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID323915Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2A1-7 with rplC G152D, D159Y and unmapped mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID558898Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5a harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID571123Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1079938Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID532040Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli DH5alpha by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Novel variants of the qnrB gene, qnrB22 and qnrB23, in Citrobacter werkmanii and Citrobacter freundii.
AID558887Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253e selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID522671Antibacterial activity against gyrA04, parC15 allele containing Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with GyrA S81F, S79F/ParC N91D mutant by CLSI disk diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and evidence for a shared global gene pool with Streptococcus pyogenes.
AID279286Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parC S79F and gyrA S81Y mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID580383Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli infected in clinically evaluable patient with UTI assessed as cure rate at 250 mg, iv qd for 10 days measured at test-of-cure visit2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1395507Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase deficient Escherichia coli 12-14 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID373144Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N084 infected C57BL/6J mouse assessed as spleen bacterial count at 200 mg/kg/day dosed through gavage route administered for 28 days post bacterial challenge measured 2 days after last dose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID575083Antimicrobial activity against multiple drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19F assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID1562761Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli NCTC12923 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID1417170Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10193 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1474167Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring verified drug-induced liver injury concern status2016Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4
DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID1901697Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis 14862 clinical isolate measured by MABA assay2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 231Identification of thiophene-benzenesulfonamide derivatives for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
AID560513Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate b6k7974 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID515780Intrinsic solubility of the compound in water2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 18, Issue:19
QSAR-based solubility model for drug-like compounds.
AID532686Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible, CJ PFGE pattern, emm89 type Streptococcus pyogenes with ST101 sequence type isolated from tonsillitis/pharyngitis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID1436820Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive Escherichia coli 09-1 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID559393Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630C selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID556920Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1135121 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1128844Antibacterial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-deficient Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID518017Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro activity of fidaxomicin (OPT-80) tested against contemporary clinical isolates of Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp.
AID1297336Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID577239Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB134 with PFGE subgroup A2 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID279291Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parE D435N and gyrA S81F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID584112Bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli K-12 DM4100 after 2 hrs in presence of protein synthesis inhibitor chloramphenicol treated 10 mins before compound challenge2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
Effect of N-1/c-8 ring fusion and C-7 ring structure on fluoroquinolone lethality.
AID535888Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae JN41T harboring qnrB gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID601786Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU Enterococcus faecium 06-7 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1297348Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID560500Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type II vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate sh06024 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID1406180Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID279883Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 500 uM omeprazole2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID557803Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pHS12 carrying TTG to ATG substituted qnrC gene by CLSI agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis.
AID372362Antibacterial activity against hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate 12-09-15 in presence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide by CLSI broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID736556Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 12-52013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID285337Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli qnrA1 producing urinary specimen isolate 13.52 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
First report of plasmid-mediated qnrA1 in a ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli strain in Latin America.
AID545822Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, and determination of quality control ranges for MIC testing.
AID528829Antimicrobial activity against ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID1225389Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli transformed with plasmid carrying MG1655 deltaBC/pXYM by p-iodonitrotetrazolium chloride colorimetric assay2015Journal of natural products, Mar-27, Volume: 78, Issue:3
Enhancement of antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria by the efflux pump inhibitor 3,4-dibromopyrrole-2,5-dione isolated from a Pseudoalteromonas sp.
AID561399Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis BP117 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID499675Antimicrobial activity against quinolone and penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis SER after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID531458Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 23A assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID279250Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 19 with GyrA S81Y and ParC D83Y mutation after 31 passages by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID544842Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1413 harboring parC Ser79Tyr mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1780307Antibacterial activity against wild type Pseudomonas aeruginosa LESB58 LpxA Ser150Ala mutant assessed as resistance development by measuring fold increase in MIC
AID576023Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RDN1 harboring cloned pTZ2238-encoded QacBIV E377G mutant gene by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Fluoroquinolone efflux by the plasmid-mediated multidrug efflux pump QacB variant QacBIII in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID286161Effect on efflux-mediatated resistance of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49619 mutant2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID437330Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 26 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID1163983Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294 by MABA method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1869526Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus R6101 measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method
AID1678761Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 using cyrene as solvent by broth microdilution method2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID372350Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in presence of efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-beta-naphthylamide2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Development of resistance in wild-type and hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains exposed to clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of meropenem and ceftazidime simulated in vitro.
AID548253Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus Mu50 after 24 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Contribution of vraSR and graSR point mutations to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
AID279870Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 15.6 uM prochlorperazine2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID422644Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3676 after 44 passages with clarithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID572509Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolate SL1344 harboring wild type ParC gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID572522Antimicrobial activity against qnrA-positive Salmonella enterica serovar Mbandaka isolate s2093 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID1240509Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae DS16260 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16
N-Lipidated Peptide Dimers: Effective Antibacterial Agents against Gram-Negative Pathogens through Lipopolysaccharide Permeabilization.
AID286139Bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 with parC S52G, N91D mutation and gyrA S81Y mutation at fAUC/MIC of 75 after 24 to 96 hrs in pharmacodynamic model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID1256540Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID1355060Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 13-23 after 18 hrs by agar dilution assay
AID565331Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M6287 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID542774Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53 by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
AID545443Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID1079949Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID1624157Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 24 hrs2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164Synthesis and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides as antitubercular agents effective on drug resistant tuberculosis.
AID1818233Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC25922 assessed as reduction in microbial growth after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 228Synthesis and bioactivities of new N-terminal dipeptide mimetics with aromatic amide moiety: Broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and high antineoplastic activity.
AID113507In vivo efficacy as ED50 against Staphylococcus aureus HS-93 by oral administration in mice.1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID1261269Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 14-4 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID425344Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1058 harboring S79F, K137N mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of ParC gene and 460V mutation in QRDR of ParE gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID572140Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii unique clonal group isolate 37 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID1773498Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC25922 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID498306Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5043 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID573819Antibacterial activity against Veillonella parvula by by CLSI agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.
AID322984Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-susceptible Mycoplasma pneumoniae M1292007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Activity of Garenoxacin against Macrolide-Susceptible and -Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
AID1261251Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID556947Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949821 B-M isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID535358Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates assessed as susceptible isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens in Spain: latest data and changes over 11 years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007).
AID569440Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 10-5 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID428863Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 assessed as reduction in number of viable cells under condition simulating oral administration of 200 mg twice daily2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1887547Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs in presence of PMBN by broth microdilution method2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID571143Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1773497Antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID544945Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E439 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID278243Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-3 tolC::Kan with GyrA S83F, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID535867Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae GZ51 harboring qnrA gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID571135Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID69472Minimum inhibitory concentration against Escherichia coli DC02003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID406613Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 infected albino guinea pig tissue-cage infection model assessed as effect on bacterial count at 5 mg/kg, ip administered every 12 hrs for 4 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of a novel rifamycin derivative, ABI-0043, against Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental model of foreign-body infection.
AID1254962Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae KC-1 assessed as growth inhibition at 128 to 0.002 mg/L incubated for 18 hrs at 37 degC by agar dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103Discovery of WQ-3810: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 7-(3-alkylaminoazetidin-1-yl)fluoro-quinolones as orally active antibacterial agents.
AID227415Fold reduction in minimum inhibitory concentration of antibiotic in presence of GG9182004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-23, Volume: 14, Issue:4
Inhibitors of multidrug resistance (MDR) have affinity for MDR substrates.
AID1143637Antibacterial activity against Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 17759 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by micro dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID422667Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1076 after 14 passages with Telithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID499673Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic fluoroquinolones as antibacterial and anticancer agents.
AID728905Aqueous solubility of the compound2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID586730Ratio of mutant prevention concentration to MIC for Escherichia coli ATCC 259222011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID318649Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID571763Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 3-AG300 harboring AcrB-F628F mutant gene2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Site-directed mutagenesis reveals amino acid residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB that confer macrolide resistance.
AID1474724Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
Novel bioactive molecules from Lentzea violacea strain AS 08 using one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) approach.
AID571849Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.06 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID293148Antibacterial activity against quinoline-susceptible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 17, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new quinolone derivatives utilizing 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane.
AID1667159Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 259222020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID342068Effect on growth of nonepidemic Clostridium difficile ATCC 9689 in sc dosed CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial overgrowth in cecal content administered 20 times the usual human dose for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID559527Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter freundii assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1695913Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 72019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID119802In vivo number of survivors on day 1 after administration (30 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID559519Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus intermedius assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID710024Antibacterial activity against Neisseria meningitidis2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 55, Issue:22
From triclosan toward the clinic: discovery of nonbiocidal, potent FabI inhibitors for the treatment of resistant bacteria.
AID1691414Antibacterial activity against ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 16-14 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID323038Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli assessed as percent resistant isolates2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Predictors of mortality in patients with bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: importance of inadequate initial antimicrobial treatment.
AID437332Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 17 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-amino-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID557178Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID558888Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253f selected after 4 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID323919Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2A1-7 fast1 with rplC D159Y and unmapped mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID278665Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 57372007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm.
AID559539Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID532035Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 TrcPS012 harboring PMQR determinant qnrB22 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Novel variants of the qnrB gene, qnrB22 and qnrB23, in Citrobacter werkmanii and Citrobacter freundii.
AID675081Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 10-2 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID405465Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 containing pIP1206 plasmid in presence of 40 ug/ml efflux pump inhibitor 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine by Etest2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli.
AID1494125Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 after 16 hrs by microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aryldiketo acids with enhanced antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial strains.
AID573313Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ4 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID580393Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patient with urinary tract infection receiving drug at 250 mg, iv qd for 10 days measured after post drug therapy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1695905Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 292132019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID521445Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T18 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID559374Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422B selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID559620Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate assessed as resistant isolate2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID1204686Antibacterial activity against quinolone-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus MS59352015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 25, Issue:12
Hydroxy tricyclic 1,5-naphthyridinone oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents-SAR of RHS moiety (Part-3).
AID342247Increase in toxin level in nonepidemic Clostridium difficile ATCC 9689 infected CF1 mouse administered 20 times the usual human dose for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID544739Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E369 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID557800Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53 by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis.
AID1069642Antimicrobial activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of novel 1,2,4-triazolo [3,4-a] phthalazine derivatives.
AID532680Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible, AD PFGE pattern, emm1 type Streptococcus pyogenes with ST382 sequence type, ParC S79A mutant isolated from oropharyngeal colonization and onsillitis/pharyngitis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Emergence of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from healthy children and pediatric patients in Portugal.
AID278266Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CHS18 acrAB::Kan with GyrA S38F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID318670Antibacterial activity against penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 in mouse dosed iv 1 hr after infection2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID428768Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1691407Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 16-5 assessed as reduction in microbial growth2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 193Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 15-membered macrolides: Quinolone/quinoline-containing sidechains tethered to the C-6 position of azithromycin acylides.
AID374531Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolate 9 after 16 to 18 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 44, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 4-alkyl substituted phenyl beta-aldehyde ketone derivatives.
AID1395475Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID675071Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Streptococcus pneumoniae 10-1 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID285769Antibacterial activity against Fusobacterium nucleatum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID683325Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by microbroth dilution method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Three new 12-carbamoylated streptothricins from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID342234Antimicrobial activity against Viridans streptococcus L21 with gyrB Ser494Thr and parC Lys137Asn mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID613822Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 09-23 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID422666Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1076 after 35 passages with moxifloxacin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID571134Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID593798Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 by broth dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8
Synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic thienopyridones as antibacterial and antitumor agents.
AID369629Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae by E-test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Can the Etest correctly determine the MICs of beta-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics for beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae?
AID1127620Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 NCTC 7466 expressing GyrB K143A/ParE T172A double mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID544847Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1056 harboring gyrA Ser81Tyr parC Asp83His mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID571136Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID1667168Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium ATCC 7002212020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 30, Issue:8
Synthesis and in vitro activity of asymmetric indole-based bisamidine compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
AID576339Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar I infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID597966Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 63012011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID565035Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sciuri assessed as intermediate resistant isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID423256Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected male patients after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID405299Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Portlandvere infected golden Syrian hamster model of acute lethal leptospirosis assessed as survival at 5 mg/kg/day, ip once daily for 5 days administered 2 day after infection2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of fluoroquinolones against Leptospira interrogans in a hamster model.
AID562387Antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-nonsusceptible Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1406182Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID1730994Antitubercular activity against isoniazid/rifampin/levofloxacin/ofloxacin/kanamycin extensively drug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis TF274 XDR by MABA assay2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 213Design and synthesis of mycobacterial pks13 inhibitors: Conformationally rigid tetracyclic molecules.
AID1127581Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 NCTC 7466 expressing GyrA S81F/ParC S79F double mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method wild type Streptococcus pneumo2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID1261282Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID576348Bactericidal activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar J infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID1596895Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID294447Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538p after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID580385Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae infected in microbiologically evaluable patient with UTI assessed as cure rate at 250 mg, iv qd for 10 days measured at test-of-cure visit2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID532404Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone F isolate RM-11X-09 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID574796Antimycobacterial activity against extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate 2911 obtained from sputum of patient at 2 ug/ml by Bactec MGIT960 modified proportion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Emergence and molecular characterization of extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from the Delhi Region in India.
AID559397Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile 630D harboring GyrA Ala118Val mutant gene selected after 8 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID597971Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 259222011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID565326Antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium M6090 by broth dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma genitalium strains examined by broth dilution and quantitative PCR.
AID1906414Antibacterial activity against Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA -1556 assessed as reduction in microbial growth incubated for 24 hrs by microbroth dilution method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 235Amphiphilic cyclic peptide [W
AID1406186Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium ATCC 700221 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method
AID1311245Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 14-1 expressing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID323903Antibacterial activity against wild type Staphylococcus aureus RN42202007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID580422Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as back pain at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1504623Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 55143 by microbroth dilution method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-09, Volume: 8, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure.
AID562410Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus Group G clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1395472Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-8 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID1167740Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2792 harboring wild-type GyrA and GyrB R144A mutant by broth microdilution method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-13, Volume: 57, Issue:21
Novel DNA gyrase inhibiting spiropyrimidinetriones with a benzisoxazole scaffold: SAR and in vivo characterization.
AID681984TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 5 uM, Levofloxacin: 2500 uM) in OCT2-expressing HEK293 cells2002Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, Jul, Volume: 13, Issue:7
cDNA cloning, functional characterization, and tissue distribution of an alternatively spliced variant of organic cation transporter hOCT2 predominantly expressed in the human kidney.
AID597982Antibacterial activity against Proteus rettgeri 490062011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID323897Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae C2/pMG252 GyrA Ser83Phe/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID573151Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1706878Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10191 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID1395503Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID559543Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin susceptible Serratia marcescens assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M7-A7 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID561388Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible Bordetella pertussis CCUG 30837 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan.
AID558810Antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Emergence of high levels of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in the Asia-Pacific region: data from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program, 2007.
AID582500Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 at 2 times MIC in presence of rifampin2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID545570Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PRR4a to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 156922009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID728887Drug recovery in cynomolgus monkey urine at 5 mg/kg, po after 24 hrs2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID425979Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1635 after 49 passages with clarithromycin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID1436821Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae 7 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID406470Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as stationary-growth-phase minimal bactericidal concentration after 24 hrs by macrotube dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of a novel rifamycin derivative, ABI-0043, against Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental model of foreign-body infection.
AID597911Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 137092011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID404271Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis IID682 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID1225388Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli transformed with plasmid carrying MG1655 deltaBC/pABM by p-iodonitrotetrazolium chloride colorimetric assay2015Journal of natural products, Mar-27, Volume: 78, Issue:3
Enhancement of antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria by the efflux pump inhibitor 3,4-dibromopyrrole-2,5-dione isolated from a Pseudoalteromonas sp.
AID736558Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolate 12-352013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID1562752Antibacterial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus NCTC13616 measured after overnight incubation by microbroth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Switching on the activity of 1,5-diaryl-pyrrole derivatives against drug-resistant ESKAPE bacteria: Structure-activity relationships and mode of action studies.
AID576335Antimicrobial activity against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar E infected in pig LLC-MK2 cells monolayers assessed as reduction in number of microbial inclusions after 48 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vitro activities of several antimicrobial agents against recently isolated and genotyped Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital serovars D through K.
AID521448Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T25 harboring gyrA mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID1445903Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 775 after 20 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-27, Volume: 60, Issue:14
Triaryl Benzimidazoles as a New Class of Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms.
AID322985Antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae with 23S rRNA A2063G mutant isolate 12007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Activity of Garenoxacin against Macrolide-Susceptible and -Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
AID559433Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate Y2 harboring qnrS1 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID125511The ratio of the number of Mongolian gerbils in which Helicobacter pylori was not detected to that of Mongolian gerbils tested (percent) was represented as clearance rate at 3 mg/kg dose1998Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-18, Volume: 8, Issue:16
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7-(2-aminoalkyl)morpholinoquinolones as anti-Helicobacter pylori agents.
AID532196Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae WH42 harboring wild-type GyrA, ParC, GyrB and qnrA genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID544863Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1411 harboring parC Asp83Gly mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID601704Antibacterial activity against 10'4 CFU methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 08-1 after 18 hrs by CLSI agar dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 46, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID545547Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus SMR4a selected at 2 times MIC of meropenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID496398Antibacterial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 TET1 transconjugant with qnrVC3 gene expressing Vibrio cholerae 59 strain2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Transferable quinolone resistance in Vibrio cholerae.
AID227416Fold reduction in minimum inhibitory concentration of antibiotic in presence of Reserpine2004Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-23, Volume: 14, Issue:4
Inhibitors of multidrug resistance (MDR) have affinity for MDR substrates.
AID528827Antimicrobial activity against ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from ICU patient urine assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID510162Antimicrobial activity against trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and tazobactum-induced Pseudomonas aeruginosa by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID1436840Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ATCC 19606 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID1653559Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium leprae assessed as microbial growth at 0.375 ug/ml in presence of 0.2 ug/ml rifampin measured at 4 weeks (Rvb = 147 +/- 19.1%)2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID425357Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 1071 harboring S81F mutation in quinolone-resistant determining regions of GyrA gene and S79F, K137N mutation in QRDR of ParC gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1695915Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ATCC 196062019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID572516Antimicrobial activity against qnrS-positive Salmonella enterica serovar Montevideo isolate s2944 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID675074Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 10-1 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID163249In vitro antibacterial activity measured as minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated on proteus vulgaris ATCC 8427 (Pv).1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID498105Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA861 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 0.2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID290340Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus UC762007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 17, Issue:8
The synthesis and biological evaluation of novel series of nitrile-containing fluoroquinolones as antibacterial agents.
AID498126Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA880 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID404294Antibacterial activity against quinoline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 containing double grlA and single gyrA mutation after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID1243582Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-8 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID558084Antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma genitalium isolated from human by two fold serial dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas to a new investigational ketolide, CEM-101.
AID1398590Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus SMITH after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID278242Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-3 acrAB::Kan with GyrA S83F, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID571931Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 3-AG300 harboring AcrB-615-628MexB-S623N mutant gene2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Site-directed mutagenesis reveals amino acid residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB that confer macrolide resistance.
AID588220Literature-mined public compounds from Kruhlak et al phospholipidosis modelling dataset2008Toxicology mechanisms and methods, , Volume: 18, Issue:2-3
Development of a phospholipidosis database and predictive quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models.
AID569438Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 10-05 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID528966Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from ICU patient urine assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID613781Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID1773509Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate M-16 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID721133Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3
A facile synthesis, antibacterial activity of pulvinone and its derivatives.
AID286099fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 at 843.5 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID1395506Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase deficient Escherichia coli 1515 after 18 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-25, Volume: 150Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel bisindole amidines active against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
AID372982Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex N084 after 14 days by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID286086fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49610 at 500 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID559508Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus warneri assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID1127622Antibacterial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 NCTC 7466 expressing GyrA S81Y/ParC S79F double mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-14, Volume: 56, Issue:21
Fragment-to-hit-to-lead discovery of a novel pyridylurea scaffold of ATP competitive dual targeting type II topoisomerase inhibiting antibacterial agents.
AID1209592Dissociation constant, pKa of the basic compound by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry analysis2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods.
AID118079In vivo percent survival on day 7th after administration (15 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID1411658Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 10536 after 24 hrs2017MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 8, Issue:11
The synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-phenylaminomethylene-cyclohexane-1,3-diones as specific anti-tuberculosis agents.
AID428292Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BM4579 expressing deltaadeIJK genes isolated from patient with urinary tract infection by E test2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
AdeIJK, a resistance-nodulation-cell division pump effluxing multiple antibiotics in Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID586740Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 expressing qnrB gene and pBK-QnrB1 assessed as earliest time required to resistant colonies visible one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID285724Antibacterial activity against VanA-resistant Enterococcus faecalis2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro and in vivo activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups.
AID556731Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2215767-9 B-S isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID556718Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 2062716 B-R isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID428840TMSW in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-23958 infected human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID404270Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli NIHJ JC2 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID528981Antimicrobial activity against Haemophilus influenzae isolated from ICU patient blood assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID577226Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 harboring gabD::ISlacZ/haha mutation by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
The development of ciprofloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves multiple response stages and multiple proteins.
AID285287Effect on 1 ug/ml moxifloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 334 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID404272Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes IID692 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-12, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid derivatives carrying the 3-cyclopropylaminomethyl-4-substituted-1-pyrrolidinyl group as a C-10 substituent.
AID553690Antimicrobial activity against Bacteroides sp. in three-stage chemostat gut model assessed as log reduction in bacterial count at 63 mg/liter administered daily for 7 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Effects of exposure of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 027 and 001 to fluoroquinolones in a human gut model.
AID342420Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK754 with gyrA Ser81Leu, Ser114Gly, gyrB Ser494Thr, parC Ser52Gly, Asp83Tyr, Asn91Asp and parE Arg447Ser mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID244926Minimum inhibitory concentration against Bacteroides vulgatus ATCC 293272005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID532036Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 TrcS008 harboring PMQR determinant qnrB23 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Novel variants of the qnrB gene, qnrB22 and qnrB23, in Citrobacter werkmanii and Citrobacter freundii.
AID119797In vivo number of survivors on day 0 after administration (7.5 mg/kg) in mice(Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1723)2003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 13, Issue:23
MexAB-OprM specific efflux pump inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Part 2: achieving activity in vivo through the use of alternative scaffolds.
AID728918Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae TYPE1 after 18 hrs by microbroth dilution method2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1079933Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID373028Antimicrobial activity against imipenem and meropenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate PU86 by CLSI agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from Chinese hospitals.
AID683318Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv by microbroth dilution method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19
Three new 12-carbamoylated streptothricins from Streptomyces sp. I08A 1776.
AID562389Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID422677Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3009 after 18 passages by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID1565884Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by two-fold broth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one derivatives as potential chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents.
AID571115Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID561726Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID498127Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA881 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID278254Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CS3 acrAB::Kan with GyrA S83F, D87N, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID535861Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Enterobacter cloacae GZ47 harboring qnrB and qnrS genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID679113TP_TRANSPORTER: transepithelial transport (basal to apical) of Levofloxacin at a concentration of 5uM in LLC-GA5-COL150 cells2004Pharmaceutical research, Feb, Volume: 21, Issue:2
Effect of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure on bioavailability and intestinal secretion of quinolone antibacterial drugs in rats.
AID535758Antimicrobial activity against hospital-acquired Escherichia coli expressing extended spectrum beta-lactamase obtained from patient with intra-abdominal infection assessed as susceptible isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in community- and hospital-associated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrob
AID237034Dissociation constant (pKa) was determined2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID424323Antimicrobial activity against Dialister pneumosintes assessed as susceptibility breakpoint by CA-SFM method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.
AID571696Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii alpha clonal group isolate 5 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aacC1, aadA1 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID529853Antibacterial activity against beta-lactamase and MexA-MexB-OprM-overproducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa N045 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID556908Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1780064 A-X isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1398601Antibacterial activity against levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 870307 after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID597979Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes 451022011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID428950TMSW in Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 infected human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1143629Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by micro dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID1143647Antibacterial activity against Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 177592014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-23, Volume: 81Synthesis of symmetrically substituted 3,3-dibenzyl-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, as novel quinoline derivatives with antibacterial activity.
AID436854Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hrs by agar dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 44, Issue:10
Inhibitory effects of 5-benzylidene barbiturate derivatives on mushroom tyrosinase and their antibacterial activities.
AID544839Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae H548 clinical isolate harboring gyrA Ser81Phe mutant gene by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID425557Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 5048 expressing mefA by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID342066Antimicrobial activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant epidemic Clostridium difficile NAP1 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID582494Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 tissue cage Wistar rat infected model assessed as bacterial load reduction at 100 mg/kg/day, ip treated for 7 days measured 24 hrs after last dose (Rvb = 6.8 +/-0.8 logC2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID1695916Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 435602019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID1436829Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-9 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID293156Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli with AcrAB efflux system by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 17, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new quinolone derivatives utilizing 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane.
AID1217728Intrinsic clearance for reactive metabolites formation per mg of protein based on cytochrome P450 (unknown origin) inactivation rate by TDI assay2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID560092Bactericidal activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 5436 at 1/4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1596943Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as time required to increase 1 log10 CFU at 10 times MIC incubated for 1 hr followed by compound washout and measured at 1 hr intervals (Rvb = 2 hrs)
AID342410Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK300 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID496399Antibacterial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 TET2 transconjugant with qnrVC3 gene expressing Vibrio cholerae 59 strain2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Transferable quinolone resistance in Vibrio cholerae.
AID559177Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253B selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID571881Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID511400Antibacterial activity against ciprofloxacin resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, and other quinolones against clinical isolates.
AID521835Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate VA367 with blaKPC-3, qnrB19, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11, blaSHV-12, aac(6')-1b genes by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States.
AID559418Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate Y2 harboring qnrS1 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID396290Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 2530 with parC D83N, gyrA S81F mutation by disk diffusion method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Identifying mutator phenotypes among fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae using fluctuation analysis.
AID531454Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6A/C assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID406624Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate-1 with gyrA Glu85Lys, ParC Ser79Phe and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID521839Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate VA375 with blaKPC-3, qnrA1, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11 genes by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States.
AID498124Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1042 assessed as time required for reduction of bacterial load to 3 log CFU/ml at 2 mg/ml up to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID573312Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ5 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID244934Minimum inhibitory concentration against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 292122005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID561747Antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID559178Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile C253C selected after 4 ug/ml of levofloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID560091Bactericidal activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 5427 at 1/4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID71098In vitro antibacterial activity measured as minimum inhibitory concentration, was evaluated on Escherichia coli ATCC 23559(Ec).1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-31, Volume: 38, Issue:7
7-Azetidinylquinolones as antibacterial agents. 3. Synthesis, properties and structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers containing a 7-(3-amino-2-methyl-1-azetidinyl) moiety.
AID569533Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus hemolyticus 1002 after 18 to 24 hrs by agar dilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-5-amino/methylaminopiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID279288Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parC D83Y and gyrA S81F mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID557798Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli J53 transconjugated with Proteus mirabilis pHS10 carrying qnrC gene by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis.
AID537922Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 09-3 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID530593Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 harboring pSmQnr5 carrying Smqnr gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
AID425564Antibacterial activity against quinolone-susceptible and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae HMC 5048 expressing mefA after 50 passages by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
AID1596894Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID293154Antibacterial activity against Haemophilus influenzae by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 17, Issue:4
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new quinolone derivatives utilizing 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane.
AID1261258Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID422687Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3413 by NCCLS M7-A7 method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID532407Antibacterial activity against VIM-2 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone B2 isolate VA-06X-20 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID529851Antibacterial activity against MexA-MexB-OprM-overproducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa OCR1 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID405298Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Portlandvere infected golden Syrian hamster model of acute lethal leptospirosis assessed as survival at 25 mg/kg/day, ip once daily for 5 days administered 2 day after infection2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of fluoroquinolones against Leptospira interrogans in a hamster model.
AID571840Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID428779Ratio of mutant prevention concentration for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26137 to MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-261372007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID498134Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAM1032 overexpressing multidrug efflux pump MexAB-OprM by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID1436825Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecium 09-10 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID586729Antibacterial activity against qnrS gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrS1 assessed as mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID537933Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 08-21 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID532163Antimicrobial activity against aac(6')-Ib-cr-negative Escherichia coli PU12T harboring wild-type GyrA, GyrB, ParC and qnrS genes by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from nine teaching hospitals in China.
AID1474727Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 27, Issue:11
Novel bioactive molecules from Lentzea violacea strain AS 08 using one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) approach.
AID728880Drug recovery in cynomolgus monkey urine at 10 mg/kg, iv after 24 hrs2013Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-14, Volume: 56, Issue:5
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens.
AID1240050Antimicrobial activity against quinolone-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus MS59352015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-01, Volume: 25, Issue:17
Structure activity relationship of C-2 ether substituted 1,5-naphthyridine analogs of oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents (Part-5).
AID570673Antibacterial activity against Enterobacteriaceae by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID562401Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus Group F clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID1311243Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 14-12016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID428293Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii BM4651 expressing deltaadeIJK genes isolated from patient with urinary tract infection by E test2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
AdeIJK, a resistance-nodulation-cell division pump effluxing multiple antibiotics in Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID301555Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 26003 after 24 hrs by agar dilution method2007Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 15, Issue:23
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 7-(substituted)-aminomethyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid derivatives.
AID535756Antimicrobial activity against hospital-acquired Escherichia coli obtained from patient with intra-abdominal infection assessed as susceptible isolates by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in community- and hospital-associated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrob
AID562381Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium expressing VanA gene clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID558874Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile BI2 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID697251Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ARC 1692 in ABT-treated CD1 mouse neutropenic thigh infection model assessed as reduction in log10 CFU per gram of thigh at 40 mg/kg/day, ip qd starting 2 hrs post-infection measur2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 55, Issue:15
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II with reduced pK(a): antibacterial agents with an improved safety profile.
AID556940Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 1780065 B-B isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID425995Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3676 after 50 passages with moxifloxacin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID1890601Antibacterial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus 032 assessed as inhibition of bacterial growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI based serial agar dilution method2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 63WCK 1152, WCK 1153: Discovery and structure activity relationship for the treatment of resistant pneumococcal and staphylococcal respiratory infections.
AID571910Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii zeta clonal group isolate 19 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aacC2 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID342074Effect on growth of epidemic Clostridium difficile BI9 in CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial density in cecal content at 0.2 mg/day, sc for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID558699Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422 expressing tcdA and tcdB gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1667679Antimycobacterial activity against multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis G122 incubated for 5 days by alamar blue based colorimetric assay2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 30, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of antimycobacterial and cytotoxic activity of new α,β-unsaturated amide, oxazoline and oxazole derivatives from l-serine.
AID586742Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant assessed as earliest time required to resistant colonies visible one step below mutant prevention concentration2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID516161Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vitro activity of telavancin against a contemporary worldwide collection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
AID1398596Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli NIHJ after 18 hrs by two-fold microbroth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 7-[(3 aS,7 aS)-3 a-Aminohexahydropyrano[3,4- c]pyrrol-2(3 H)-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Respiratory Pathogens.
AID559201Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae S002 harboring parC Ser79Phe mutant and wild-type gyrA genes2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
In vitro activity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants with characterized resistance mechanisms.
AID528709Antibacterial activity against penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate assessed as susceptibility level by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID1527487Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus NCIM-2079 assessed as zone of inhibition at 5 ug after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2020European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185Structure-activity relationships (SAR) of triazine derivatives: Promising antimicrobial agents.
AID342063Antimicrobial activity against nonepidemic Clostridium difficile J29 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID535636Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype VI R4 harboring Q557E mutation in PBP 2X and T567I, Y262N mutations in PBP 2B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID736549Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolate 12-42013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID1273931Antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 assessed as inhibition of 3 to 6 hrs pre-established biofilm formation at 0.064 umol/well after 20 hrs by safranin staining-based method2015Journal of natural products, Dec-24, Volume: 78, Issue:12
Serrulatane Diterpenoid from Eremophila neglecta Exhibits Bacterial Biofilm Dispersion and Inhibits Release of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines from Activated Macrophages.
AID562378Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID571375Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID571904Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii beta clonal group isolate 16 expressing ompA, adeB, adeM, aacA4, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID564826Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as susceptible isolates after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
In vitro activities of panduratin A against clinical Staphylococcus strains.
AID285294Effect on 4 ug/ml levofloxacin-selected penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 216 mutant after five passages assessed as susceptibility by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
In vitro studies with DQ-113 and comparison fluoroquinolones to determine propensities to select resistance in gram-positive cocci.
AID597977Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae 453012011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11
Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives.
AID342075Effect on growth of epidemic Clostridium difficile BI6-8-17 in CF1 mouse assessed as increase in bacterial density in cecal content at 0.2 mg/day, sc for 4 days assessed after 2 days of last treatment2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Effect of fluoroquinolone treatment on growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic clostridium difficile strains in the cecal contents of mice.
AID1695924Antibacterial activity against Citrobacter freundii ATCC 438642019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID342429Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mitis HK467 with gyrA Ser114Gly, Leu155Val and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp, mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1417167Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10198 by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1128829Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method2014Journal of natural products, Apr-25, Volume: 77, Issue:4
Spiromastixones A-O, antibacterial chlorodepsidones from a deep-sea-derived Spiromastix sp. fungus.
AID1261261Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID559503Antibacterial activity against non-ciprofloxacin-susceptible and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI M100-S18 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, has broad-spectrum in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AID544851Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID442516Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 16 to 20 hrs by microbroth dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 45, Issue:1
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity evaluation of new 1,2,4-triazoles and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles bearing imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole moiety.
AID1297331Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-14 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI M100-S11 method2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID422674Antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3009 after 21 passages with gemifloxacin measured after 10 antibiotic-free subculture by multi-step resistance selection technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Capability of 11 antipneumococcal antibiotics to select for resistance by multistep and single-step methodologies.
AID428770Bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate SR-26134 by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID562372Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus Group C clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID279146Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1017 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID498780Antimicrobial activity against strong ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Prevalence and clonal characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility in Spain.
AID548524Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent resistant isolate by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID1565880Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus N315 assessed as growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by two-fold broth dilution method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 182Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one derivatives as potential chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents.
AID279265Antibacterial activity against moxifloxacin resistance selected Streptococcus pneumoniae 3243 after 10 antibiotic-free subcultures by macrodilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Multistep resistance selection and postantibiotic-effect studies of the antipneumococcal activity of LBM415 compared to other agents.
AID544831Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae CIP104485 by agar disk diffusion method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID573348Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID318650Antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae KT2524 clinical isolate by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID442518Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 after 16 to 20 hrs by microbroth dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 45, Issue:1
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity evaluation of new 1,2,4-triazoles and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles bearing imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole moiety.
AID70458Biological activity against Escherichia coli N1HJ JC-2 relative to Norfloxacin.1991Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 34, Issue:1
Three-dimensional structure-activity relationships and receptor mapping of N1-substituents of quinolone antibacterials.
AID582509AUC in Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 infected Wistar rat serum at 50 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID279275Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R62007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID562369Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus Group G clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID556927Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1134642 isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 20 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID558627Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3587 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID556514Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1889647 B-H isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 12 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID571926Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 3-AG300 harboring AcrB-N623S-Q624S mutant gene2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Site-directed mutagenesis reveals amino acid residues in the Escherichia coli RND efflux pump AcrB that confer macrolide resistance.
AID573139Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus agalactiae assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID368424Ratio of MIC for Escherichia coli KAM32 pSTVqepA mutant to MIC for Escherichia coli KAM32 pSTV28 mutant2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID428849Time above the mutant prevention concentration in Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 infected human at 200 mg, po administered twice daily after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Pharmacodynamic assessment based on mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID496645Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1065 by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID572120Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii lambda clonal group isolate 27 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aadB, aadA1 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID560263Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate NH57388A by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Efficacy of aerosol MP-376, a levofloxacin inhalation solution, in models of mouse lung infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1417153Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 after 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole linked 4(3H)-Quinazolinones as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID528516Bactericidal activity against high level levofloxacin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 16 times MIC after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID532977Inhibition of DNA supercoiling activity of wild type Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA gyrase A2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antituberculosis activities of ACH-702, a novel isothiazoloquinolone, against quinolone-susceptible and quinolone-resistant isolates.
AID286098fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 at 812.5 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID1887592Post antibiotic effect against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 at 1 time MIC incubated for 1 hr followed by replacement with drug free medium and measured every 1 hr (Rvb = 0 hr)2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID323909Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 with rplC G152D and G155R mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID529895Antimicrobial activity against Leptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae isolate 3 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human isolates of Leptospira.
AID1256555Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 14-4 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID556931Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949821 B-M isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 16 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID342404Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK496 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID613782Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 08-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID1311246Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 14-2 expressing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID436996Inhibition of mouse MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation after 48 to 72 hrs2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 17, Issue:15
7-((4-Substituted)piperazin-1-yl) derivatives of ciprofloxacin: synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation as potential antitumor agents.
AID498785Antimicrobial activity against mild ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes at 10 ug by disk diffusion assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Prevalence and clonal characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility in Spain.
AID1781779Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as time for post-antibiotic effect at 10XMIC incubated for 1 hr followed by drug wash-out and measured every single 1 hr
AID528832Antimicrobial activity against CTX-M ESBL producing Escherichia coli isolated from ICU patient urine assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID556915Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1949821 B-M isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1436837Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID535344Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens in Spain: latest data and changes over 11 years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007).
AID528848Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID571900Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii beta clonal group isolate 14 expressing ompA, adeB, adeM, aacA4, blaSHV-5 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID575078Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 35B assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID1194547Antibacterial activity against TolC-deficient Escherichia coli AB11572015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 23, Issue:9
Structure-activity relationships of a novel pyranopyridine series of Gram-negative bacterial efflux pump inhibitors.
AID561734Antibacterial activity against Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus group B assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Potency and bactericidal activity of iclaprim against recent clinical gram-positive isolates.
AID571838Antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.06 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID573339Antibacterial activity against ceftazidime-nonsusceptible Enterobacteriaceae assessed as resistant isolates by CLSI M7-A7 broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
In vitro profiling of ceftaroline against a collection of recent bacterial clinical isolates from across the United States.
AID1504620Antibacterial activity against linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by microbroth dilution method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-09, Volume: 8, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure.
AID278244Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium S21-4 with GyrA S83F, ParC S80I mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
AID544743Antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae E411 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID1164014Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 12-6 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID544941Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli E435 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID528517Bactericidal activity against levofloxacin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 16 times MIC after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Postantibiotic effects and bactericidal activities of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin at concentrations simulating those of topical ophthalmic administration against fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu
AID529855Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa COR6 expressing MexC-MexD-OprJ gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID279137Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis BB1008 isolate after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis.
AID1891909Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as reduction in bacterial growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by microtiter plate assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 64Identification of nitrofuranylchalcone tethered benzoxazole-2-amines as potent inhibitors of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrating bactericidal efficacy.
AID544866Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae U2A1056 harboring gyrA Ser81Tyr parC Asp83His mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID584571Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate E expressing beta-lactamase OXA-164 isolated from tracheal secretion of patient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12
In vivo selection of a missense mutation in adeR and conversion of the novel blaOXA-164 gene into blaOXA-58 in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospitalized patient.
AID286102fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 at 1000 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID372983Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium complex after 14 days by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo activities of novel fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with clarithromycin against clinically isolated Mycobacterium avium complex strains in Japan.
AID1890009Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli clinical isolate 42 assessed as bacterial growth inhibition by CLSI protocol based assay2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 65Discovery and structure-activity relationships of a novel oxazolidinone class of bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors.
AID528701Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus viridans clinical isolate assessed as susceptibility level by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID1164002Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 12-1 after 18 to 24 hrs by standard twofold serial dilution method2014European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial evaluation of l-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an oxime functional moiety.
AID1482267Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli MG1655 measured every 15 mins for 12 hrs2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 05-11, Volume: 60, Issue:9
Prediction of Antibiotic Interactions Using Descriptors Derived from Molecular Structure.
AID529488Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 625 containing PFGE genetic clone A expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID323877Antimicrobial activity against qnrA1 expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae 1132 GyrA/ParC mutant expressing porins by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Mutant prevention concentrations of fluoroquinolones for Enterobacteriaceae expressing the plasmid-carried quinolone resistance determinant qnrA1.
AID543808Bactericidal activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae VT 1367 assessed as eradication of pre-formed biofilm at 50 times MIC after 24 hrs by serial dilution2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.
AID1596885Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10194 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID1759118Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 16-5 by agar method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41Design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of PFK-158 derivatives as potent agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID208308Minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pneumoniae PS; Penicillin sensitive) STP642003Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-21, Volume: 13, Issue:14
Synthesis and biological testing of non-fluorinated analogues of levofloxacin.
AID286054Peak free concentration at 500 mg/24 hrs regimen in vitro PK model2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID582493Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 tissue cage Wistar rat infected model assessed as bacterial load reduction at 50 mg/kg/day, ip treated for 7 days measured 24 hrs after last dose (Rvb = 6.8 +/-0.8 logCF2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID318659Antibacterial activity against Atopobium parvulum GAI 5542 by broth microdilution method2008Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-10, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Water-soluble pleuromutilin derivative with excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-positive pathogens.
AID521455Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T6 harboring parC mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID1365730Antitubercular activity against isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis INH-R2 ATCC 35822 after 5 days2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 11-01, Volume: 25, Issue:21
The antitubercular activity of various nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based compounds.
AID1685370Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 18 hrs by CLSI protocol based microbroth dilution method2019MedChemComm, Apr-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4
Polybasic peptide-levofloxacin conjugates potentiate fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
AID576557Antimicrobial activity against recA-deficient Staphylococcus aureus ASAU022 infected in in vitro hollow fiber infection model assessed as suppression of microbial resistance at AUC/MIC ratio of >232010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Impact of recA on levofloxacin exposure-related resistance development.
AID577229Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii AB095 with PFGE subgroup E containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID1624987Antimicrobial activity against AcrB deficient Escherichia coli2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-01, Volume: 29, Issue:7
Design, synthesis and evaluation of a series of 5-methoxy-2,3-naphthalimide derivatives as AcrB inhibitors for the reversal of bacterial resistance.
AID1887594Induction of resistance in Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as increase in MIC treated over 35 serial passages by resistant development assay2022Journal of natural products, 10-28, Volume: 85, Issue:10
Developing the Natural Prenylflavone Artocarpin from
AID1217712Time dependent inhibition of CYP2C8 (unknown origin) at 100 uM by LC/MS system2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 39, Issue:7
Combination of GSH trapping and time-dependent inhibition assays as a predictive method of drugs generating highly reactive metabolites.
AID245237Minimum inhibitory concentration against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (Hershey)2005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID560093Bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli isolate 5401 at 1/4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID341095Antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant Yersinia pestis mutant on day 10 by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Impact of resistance selection and mutant growth fitness on the relative efficacies of streptomycin and levofloxacin for plague therapy.
AID510158Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii RSKK 02026 by spectrophotometry2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 45, Issue:9
A study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
AID548740Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus assessed as percent susceptible isolate by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID369626Antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase negative ampicillin-susceptible Haemophilus influenzae by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Can the Etest correctly determine the MICs of beta-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics for beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae?
AID294449Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 2 after 18 hrs2007European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 42, Issue:7
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of levofloxacin derivatives with certain bulky residues on piperazine ring.
AID582510AUC in Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 infected Wistar rat tissue cage fluid at 50 mg/kg/day, ip measured on day 42008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Antagonistic effect of rifampin on the efficacy of high-dose levofloxacin in staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection.
AID342405Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus oralis HK553 with gyrA Ser114Gly, and parC Ser52Gly, Asn91Asp mutation by broth dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Fluoroquinolone resistance in atypical pneumococci and oral streptococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID496641Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae 1149 by standard agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
AID736566Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate 12-32013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID1424068Antibiotic activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate CAIRD148 by broth microdilution assay or Alamar blue dye based colorimetric assay2017Journal of natural products, 04-28, Volume: 80, Issue:4
The Berkeleylactones, Antibiotic Macrolides from Fungal Coculture.
AID576016Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RDN1 harboring cloned pTZ2182-encoded QacBII gene by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Fluoroquinolone efflux by the plasmid-mediated multidrug efflux pump QacB variant QacBIII in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID576014Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RDN1 harboring cloned pTZN10 containing cat and bla genes by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Fluoroquinolone efflux by the plasmid-mediated multidrug efflux pump QacB variant QacBIII in Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1653576Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium leprae assessed as fractional inhibitory concentration index at 0.375 ug/ml in presence of 0.2 ug/ml rifampin measured at 4 weeks2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-01, Volume: 27, Issue:13
Insights of synthetic analogues of anti-leprosy agents.
AID542509Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA L83, N87, gyrB T471 and parC I80, G84 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID1773510Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate M-17 assessed as inhibition of visible growth incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by CLSI method
AID406632Antibacterial activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate-9 with parC Asn94ser and parE Ile460Val mutation by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Prevalence, characteristics, and molecular epidemiology of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae at five tertiary-care hospitals in Korea.
AID372560Antibacterial activity against genetically beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b with an amino acid substitution in variable mutated locus Asn-526 or Arg-517 of ftsI gene assessed as resistance rate by broth microdilut2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Genetic characteristics and clonal dissemination of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from the upper respiratory tract of patients in Japan.
AID558611Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 1564 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID580417Treatment emergent adverse event in intent-to-treat patient with complicated urinary tract infection assessed as nausea at 250 mg/kg, iv qd for 10 days2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Intravenous doripenem at 500 milligrams versus levofloxacin at 250 milligrams, with an option to switch to oral therapy, for treatment of complicated lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis.
AID1408201Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-976 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 13-substituted cycloberberine derivatives as a novel class of anti-MRSA agents.
AID1204054Potency index, ratio of MIC for quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS5935 to MIC for quinolone-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus MS59352015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 25, Issue:11
Structure activity relationship of substituted 1,5-naphthyridine analogs of oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents (Part-4).
AID542499Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli K-12 harboring gyrA A83 mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
AID528710Antibacterial activity against penicillin intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolate assessed as susceptibility level by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
In vitro activity of telavancin against resistant gram-positive bacteria.
AID575080Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 11A assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Activity of ceftaroline against recent emerging serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
AID1706870Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR100 measured after 16 to 18 hrs2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 212Synthesis and evaluation of new quinazoline-benzimidazole hybrids as potent anti-microbial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID521439Antimicrobial activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae T1 harboring parC mutant gene by agar dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae fluoroquinolone-resistant strains with topoisomerase IV recombinant genes.
AID368419Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli KAM32 expressing deltaacrB ydhE hsd gene by agar dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.
AID545437Antimicrobial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-negative Escherichia coli obtained from patient with complicated intra-abdominal infection assessed as percent susceptible isolates by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Susceptibility of gram-negative pathogens isolated from patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections in the United States, 2007-2008: results of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART).
AID548737Antimicrobial activity against Oxacillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus assessed as percent susceptible isolate by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Activities of dalbavancin against a worldwide collection of 81,673 gram-positive bacterial isolates.
AID558619Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 3275 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID535644Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype Ib N2 harboring E63K mutation in PBP 2A and L41S mutation in PBP 1B by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID572510Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Braenderup isolate s2906 harboring ParC QRDR mutant gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
AID1243578Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 12-28 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID629117Antiproliferative activity against human U373MG cells after 120 hrs by MTT asasy2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12
Synthesis of lipophilic dimeric C-7/C-7-linked ciprofloxacin and C-6/C-6-linked levofloxacin derivatives. Versatile in vitro biological evaluations of monomeric and dimeric fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential antitumor, antibacterial or antimycobacte
AID571888Antimicrobial activity against ISAba1 linked with the blaOXA-51-type beta-lactamase harboring Acinetobacter baumannii alpha clonal group isolate 8 expressing ampC, ompA, adeB, adeM, aacC1, aadA1 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
AID571858Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID528970Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ICU patient wound assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID562585Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-susceptible Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID577224Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 harboring mmsA::ISphoA/haha mutation by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
The development of ciprofloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves multiple response stages and multiple proteins.
AID1567345Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 18 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution based antibiotic susceptibility testing method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 178Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2,4,5-trisubstituted thiazoles as antituberculosis agents effective against drug-resistant tuberculosis.
AID558900Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile CD5c harboring GyrB Ser416Ala mutant gene selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID1256548Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14-16 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID433803Half life in one-compartment pharmacodynamic system administered at simulated oral dose regimen of 500 mg in human for 10 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID529487Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 622 containing PFGE genetic clone A expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID528979Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolated from ICU patient respiratory tract assessed as resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CAN-ICU) study, 2005-2006.
AID545358Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus SIR2a selected at 2 times MIC of imipenem by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Affinity of Tomopenem (CS-023) for penicillin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1436846Antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris ATCC 29905 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID736155Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate 12-12013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID278597Inhibitory activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 T12-11832007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AID584501Antibacterial activity against porin deficient OmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae KPBj5 expressing efflux system by disk agar diffusion method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
AID675079Antimicrobial activity against extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli 10-4 after 18-24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 55Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin derivatives containing a substituted benzyloxime moiety.
AID1596893Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NR10198 incubated for 16 to 18 hrs by broth microdilution assay
AID548475Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Mu50omega expressing vraSm, graRm mutant gene after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Contribution of vraSR and graSR point mutations to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
AID1311235Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-42016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID164231Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa2004Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-03, Volume: 47, Issue:12
Chemometric studies on the bactericidal activity of quinolones via an extended VolSurf approach.
AID574437Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 1679 expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, SHV-12, TEM and PFGE cluster 6 isolated from peritoneal fluid of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID529850Antibacterial activity against OprD-deficient Pseudomonas aeruginosa MR08 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID1204685Antibacterial activity against quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MS59352015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-15, Volume: 25, Issue:12
Hydroxy tricyclic 1,5-naphthyridinone oxabicyclooctane-linked novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents-SAR of RHS moiety (Part-3).
AID323907Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 with rplC G152D mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID537941Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 09-34 after 18 to 24 hrs by twofold serial dilution method2010European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 45, Issue:11
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing 3-(N'-alkoxycarbamimidoyl)-4-(alkoxyimino) pyrrolidines.
AID613791Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 08-10 after 18 to 24 hrs by NCCLS M100-S11 two fold serial dilution method2011European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 46, Issue:9
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of a series of novel gatifloxacin derivatives.
AID562371Antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus Group C clinical isolates assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates.
AID575303Half life in human at 500 mg, po by LS/MS/MS analysis2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Bioavailability and efficacy of levofloxacin against Francisella tularensis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
AID1256535Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli 14-1 after 18 to 24 hrs2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of l-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]naphthyridone derivatives containing an oxime-functionalized pyrrolidine moiety.
AID574429Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate 386 expressing beta-lactamase KPC2, CTX-M-15, OXA-9, TEM and PFGE cluster 1 isolated from wound of patient by vitek-2 method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008.
AID571852Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID586735Ratio of mutant prevention concentration to MIC for qnrA gene expressing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 harboring GyrA S83L mutant and pBK-QnrA12011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 55, Issue:3
In vitro effect of qnrA1, qnrB1, and qnrS1 genes on fluoroquinolone activity against isogenic Escherichia coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC.
AID545012Antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter freundii E400 by broth macrodilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Activity of levofloxacin alone and in combination with a DnaK inhibitor against gram-negative rods, including levofloxacin-resistant strains.
AID559430Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate Y3 harboring qnrS1 gene by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia.
AID529863Ratio of MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa N041 to MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO12008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Potent in vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID406469Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 assessed as logarithmic-growth-phase minimal bactericidal concentration after 24 hrs by macrotube dilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Efficacy of a novel rifamycin derivative, ABI-0043, against Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental model of foreign-body infection.
AID1261255Antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 14-18 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID557163Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1780064 A-X isolated from patient with pyelonephritis by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID1436830Antibacterial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 by agar dilution method2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4
Synthesis and in vitro activity of dicationic indolyl diphenyl ethers as novel potent antibiotic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
AID279882Antimicrobial activity against Burkholderia pseudomallei KHW in presence of 1000 uM omeprazole2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Synergistic interaction between phenothiazines and antimicrobial agents against Burkholderia pseudomallei.
AID279279Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 transformants with parE D435N mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 51, Issue:2
Fitness costs of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID1416769Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis after 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2018MedChemComm, Jan-01, Volume: 9, Issue:1
Synthesis and
AID558924Antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile A422c selected after 2 ug/ml of moxifloxacin by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro.
AID556715Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2062713 B-Q isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID208131In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration against Streptococcus pneumoniae (ATCC 6301)1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 31, Issue:9
Synthesis and bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitory properties of a spirocyclopropylquinolone derivative.
AID556729Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli 1780064 A-X isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 8 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID286097fAUC/MIC ratio of Staphylococcus aureus BSP-2443 at 750 mg2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratio and resistance development with gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
AID558614Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolate 2688 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
Comparative antipneumococcal activities of sulopenem and other drugs.
AID573308Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate GZ16 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID560521Antimicrobial activity against SCCmec type III vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolate xa07029 by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Prevalence and characterization of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 14 cities in China.
AID529495Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 4469 containing PFGE genetic clone C expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID1408203Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 13-18 clinical isolate after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-05, Volume: 157Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 13-substituted cycloberberine derivatives as a novel class of anti-MRSA agents.
AID1473741Inhibition of human MRP4 overexpressed in Sf9 cell membrane vesicles assessed as uptake of [3H]-estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide in presence of ATP and GSH measured after 20 mins by membrane vesicle transport assay2013Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, Nov, Volume: 136, Issue:1
A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development.
AID561844Volume of distribution in epithelial lining fluid of Swiss-Webster mouse infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 200 mg/kg, ip administered as single dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in a murine pneumonia model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: determination of epithelial lining fluid targets.
AID697276Antibacterial activity against hospital acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ARC 1692 after 18 to 24 hrs by CLSI broth microdilution method2012Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-09, Volume: 55, Issue:15
Novel N-linked aminopiperidine inhibitors of bacterial topoisomerase type II with reduced pK(a): antibacterial agents with an improved safety profile.
AID532403Antibacterial activity against VIM-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone E isolate VA-06X-29 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
First countrywide survey of acquired metallo-beta-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens in Italy.
AID559697Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TOP10 by Etest method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
First report of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnrS1 in an Escherichia coli strain of animal origin in Italy.
AID573326Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli isolate CQ16 transconjugant harboring 16S rRNA methylase RmtB and qepA, qnrS2, aac(6')-Ib-cr gene by agar dilution method relative to recipient strain2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
AID1167741Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 2375 harboring GyrA S84L mutant, GyrB R144A mutant and ParC S80Y/E84G/V693M mutant and ParE N141S mutant by broth microdilution method2014Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-13, Volume: 57, Issue:21
Novel DNA gyrase inhibiting spiropyrimidinetriones with a benzisoxazole scaffold: SAR and in vivo characterization.
AID433797Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae Spn-058 by agar dilution technique2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AID531460Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 33 assessed as percent resistant isolates by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Prevalence of serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae among isolates from U.S. children in 2005-2006 and activity of faropenem.
AID1311240Antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis 14-22016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 26, Issue:15
New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment.
AID535633Antimicrobial activity against Group B streptococcus serotype Ia R7 harboring T77I, F395V and S353F in PBP 2X; V80A and G613R in PBP 2B; and L45P, N163K, N723S and Y470F in PBP 1A by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 52, Issue:12
Genetic heterogeneity in pbp genes among clinically isolated group B Streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
AID571875Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as percent cumulative susceptible isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.12 ug/ml by CLSI broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 53, Issue:11
In vitro activity of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 2,440 clinical isolates.
AID278604Inhibitory activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 T12-15022007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 51, Issue:1
Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AID1079948Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID567580Antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as resistant isolate by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
In vitro antimicrobial activity and mutant prevention concentration of colistin against Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID1243577Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 after 18 hrs by agar dilution method2015Journal of natural products, Sep-25, Volume: 78, Issue:9
Saccharothrixones A-D, Tetracenomycin-Type Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10.
AID560094Bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli isolate 5411 at 1/4 times MIC after 24 hrs by time kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of ceftaroline alone and in combination against clinical isolates of resistant gram-negative pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID680403TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 60 uM, Levofloxacin: 1000 uM) in Xenopus laevis oocytes1999The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, May, Volume: 289, Issue:2
Novel membrane transporter OCTN1 mediates multispecific, bidirectional, and pH-dependent transport of organic cations.
AID558790Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8
Emergence of high levels of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in the Asia-Pacific region: data from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program, 2007.
AID532905Antimicrobial activity against carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 525 ST 376 expressing beta-lactamase SHV-1 by agar dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Molecular epidemiology, sequence types, and plasmid analyses of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Israel.
AID245137Minimum inhibitory concentration against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-322005Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-11, Volume: 48, Issue:16
A chiral benzoquinolizine-2-carboxylic acid arginine salt active against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AID532039Antimicrobial activity against azide-resistant Escherichia coli DH5alpha TrfS008 harboring PMQR determinant qnrB23 by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Novel variants of the qnrB gene, qnrB22 and qnrB23, in Citrobacter werkmanii and Citrobacter freundii.
AID498091Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5026 by broth dilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin and other aerosolized antibiotics under multiple conditions relevant to chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis.
AID529492Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae isolate 658 containing PFGE genetic clone B expressing qnrB2 and beta-lactamase KPC-2 and SHV-12 gene by Etest2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates.
AID323906Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 with rplC S158L mutation2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Stepwise exposure of Staphylococcus aureus to pleuromutilins is associated with stepwise acquisition of mutations in rplC and minimally affects susceptibility to retapamulin.
AID733485Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ARC5482013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Sulfonylpiperidines as novel, antibacterial inhibitors of Gram-positive thymidylate kinase (TMK).
AID1695907Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 335912019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 168Comprehensive review on the anti-bacterial activity of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids.
AID1261272Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis 14-2 after 18 to 24 hrs by two-fold serial dilution method2015European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-02, Volume: 104Synthesis, antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives containing an 3-alkoxyimino-4-(cyclopropylanimo)methylpyrrolidine moiety.
AID556736Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis 1949822 B-J isolated from patient with pyelonephritis assessed as >3-log reduction in urinary bacterial titer after 4 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Urinary bactericidal activity of Doripenem versus that of levofloxacin in patients with complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis.
AID736570Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 2592332013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of quinolone/naphthyridone derivatives containing 3-alkoxyimino-4-(methyl)aminopiperidine scaffolds.
AID1504624Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615 by microbroth dilution method2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-09, Volume: 8, Issue:11
Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure.
AID1890606Antibacterial activity against beta-lactams, macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 718 infected in po dosed Swiss mouse septicemia model assessed as protective dose administered on 1 and 5 hrs post infection and measured on day 2022Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 63WCK 1152, WCK 1153: Discovery and structure activity relationship for the treatment of resistant pneumococcal and staphylococcal respiratory infections.
AID1678777Solubility of compound in cyrene at 0.1 M in presence of hexa-fluorobenzene by 19F-NMR analysis2020RSC medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 11, Issue:1
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens.
AID423234Antibacterial activity against penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 isolated from respiratory tract infected patients assessed as resistant isolates after 20 to 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
National and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 U.S. Faropenem surveillance study.
AID504810Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID504812Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID540299A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21
Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID588519A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities2011Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3
High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1296008Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening2020SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1347093qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347090qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347105qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347097qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347082qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347091qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1508630Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay2021Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4
A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347101qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347154Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347094qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347104qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1346986P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347100qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347106qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347098qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347083qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1346987P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347107qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells2018Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4
Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347168HepG2 cells viability qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347161Confirmatory screen NINDS Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347169Tertiary RLuc qRT-PCR qHTS assay for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347149Furin counterscreen qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347167Vero cells viability qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347152Confirmatory screen NINDS AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347153Confirmatory screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors2020Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347411qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Mechanism Interrogation Plate v5.0 (MIPE) Libary2020ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1159550Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening2015Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
AID1800407Quatitative Inhibition Analysis Assay from Article 10.1021/bi4011286: \\Discovery of inhibitors of Bacillus anthracis primase DnaG.\\2013Biochemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 52, Issue:39
Discovery of inhibitors of Bacillus anthracis primase DnaG.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (4,158)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19902 (0.05)18.7374
1990's300 (7.22)18.2507
2000's1450 (34.87)29.6817
2010's1737 (41.77)24.3611
2020's669 (16.09)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 135.48

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index135.48 (24.57)
Research Supply Index8.50 (2.92)
Research Growth Index6.91 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index253.24 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (135.48)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials581 (13.37%)5.53%
Reviews279 (6.42%)6.00%
Case Studies575 (13.23%)4.05%
Observational37 (0.85%)0.25%
Other2,874 (66.13%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (273)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
A Monocentric, Open-label, Efficacy and Safety Evaluation Study of the Triple Therapy of 500 mg Levofloxacin, 1000 mg Amoxicillin and 30 mg Lansoprazole on Helicobacter Pylori Eradication in 60 Patients Infected With H. Pylori [NCT01131026]Phase 360 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2010-06-30Completed
The Comparison of Outcomes of Antibiotic Drugs and Appendectomy (CODA) Trial [NCT02800785]1,552 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-05-31Completed
Topical Antibiotics in Chronic Rhinosinusitis [NCT03673956]Phase 1/Phase 219 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-09-26Completed
Phase I Clinical Trial, to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of the Ophthalmic Solution PRO-174 Versus Sophixín Ofteno®, Elaborated by Laboratorios Sophia on the Ocular Surface of Ophthalmological and Clinically Healthy Subjects [NCT03519516]Phase 130 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-01-25Completed
The Effect of Colistin Inhalation on the Clinical Outcome of Patients With Ventilator Associated Pneumonia [NCT03622450]Phase 2/Phase 340 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-01-02Completed
Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics Administered Intravenously in Intensive Care Patients With Normal Renal Function and With Renal Hyperfiltration [NCT01109823]Phase 314 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-05-19Completed
Antibiotic Susceptibility-based Tailored Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Treatment in Patients With Penicillin Allergy: a Prospective Clinical Trial [NCT03708848]Phase 4112 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-12-05Completed
Evaluating Newly Approved Drugs for Multidrug-resistant TB (endTB): A Clinical Trial [NCT02754765]Phase 3754 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-12-31Completed
The Preventive Urinary Tract Infection Role of One Week Solutions of Antimicrobial Application Before Minimally Invasive Upper Tract Lithotomy [NCT02789579]Early Phase 1150 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-09-30Recruiting
A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Multicenter, Prospective Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Eravacycline Compared With Levofloxacin in Complicated Urinary Tract Infections [NCT01978938]Phase 3908 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-10-06Completed
Quinolone Prophylaxis for the Prevention of BK Virus Infection in Kidney Transplantation: A Pilot Study [NCT01353339]Phase 4154 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-11-30Completed
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Prulifloxacin vs Levofloxacin in the Treatment of Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis. [NCT03201796]Phase 2168 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-02-02Completed
Randomized Noninferiority Study of an Antibacterial Envelope Alone Versus Envelope Plus Intraoperative Antibacterial Irrigant and Postoperative Antibiotics to Prevent Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections in High-Risk Patients [NCT02809131]Phase 31,010 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-04-01Completed
A Randomized, Controlled, Open Label Study of the Safety and Efficacy of a Topical Gentamicin Collagen Sponge Combined With An Antibiotic Compared to Antibiotic Therapy Alone in Diabetic Patients With Moderately Infected Foot Ulcers [NCT00659646]Phase 256 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-04-30Completed
Evaluation of Two Strategies of Antibiotic Treatment With Levofloxacin in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Short Treatment-versus Standard Treatment [NCT03698682]Phase 2310 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-01-01Completed
Efficacies of Antimicrobial Susceptibility-Guided Versus Empirical Therapy for Rescue Treatment of Helicobacter Pylori Infection-A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT03658746]Phase 4420 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-01-01Completed
Comparison of Genotypic Resistance Guided Versus Susceptibility Testing Guided Therapy for the Third-line Eradication of H. Pylori- a Multicenter Randomized Trial [NCT03555526]Phase 4320 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-12-15Recruiting
A Randomized Trial of Levofloxacin to Prevent Bacteremia in Children Being Treated for Acute Leukemia (AL) or Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) [NCT01371656]Phase 3624 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-09-30Completed
Prospective Randomized Study to Compare Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Osteomyelitis Treated With Intravenous Antibiotics Versus Intravenous Antibiotics With an Early Switch to Oral Antibiotics [NCT02099240]Early Phase 111 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-03-06Terminated(stopped due to Not enough patient enrollment and lack of staffing)
A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Phase 3 Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous CXA-201 and Intravenous Levofloxacin in Complicated Urinary Tract Infection, Including Pyelonephritis [NCT01345929]Phase 3558 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-06-20Completed
10-Day Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Guided Triple Therapy Versus 14-Day Empirical Tailored Therapy for the First-line Treatment of Helicobacter Pylori Infection-A Randomized Controlled Trail [NCT03571230]Phase 4400 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-07-01Not yet recruiting
STREAM: The Evaluation of a Standard Treatment Regimen of Anti-tuberculosis Drugs for Patients With MDR-TB [NCT02409290]Phase 3588 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-03-31Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Adaptive Phase 2 Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of iv or iv/po Omadacycline and iv/po Levofloxacin in the Treatment of Adults With Acute Pyelonephritis. [NCT03757234]Phase 2201 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-11-19Completed
An International, Multicenter, Randomized, Blinded-assessor, Parallel-group Clinical Study Comparing Eye Drops of Combined LEvofloxAcin + DExamethasone foR 7 Days Followed by Dexamethasone Alone for an Additional 7 Days vs. Tobramycin + Dexamethasone for [NCT03739528]Phase 3808 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-09-03Completed
A Phase 2, Multi-Dose, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Active-Control, Randomized Study to Evaluate the Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetic Profile of Two Dosing Regimens of Zabofloxacin for the Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia of Moderate Severity [NCT01081964]Phase 248 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-03-31Terminated(stopped due to Financial considerations)
[NCT00703313]Phase 472 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2008-05-31Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multi-Center Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Oral CEM-101 Compared to Oral Levofloxacin in the Treatment of Patients With Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia [NCT01168713]Phase 2132 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-08-31Completed
Antibiotic Therapy vs. Placebo in the Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Appendicitis: a Randomized Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Trial - APPAC III Study [NCT03234296]147 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-08-09Enrolling by invitation
A Multi-center, Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy Clinical Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Prulifloxacin Film-coated Tablet for the Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infection With Levofloxacin Hydrochloride Tablet as [NCT02439632]Phase 3216 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2014-02-28Completed
Conventional Antibiotic Prophylaxis Versus Add-On 5 Days Levofloxacin Before Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) [NCT03178292]300 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-06-15Not yet recruiting
Study of Nitazoxanide (NTZ) Based New Therapeutic Regimens for Helicobacter Pylori [NCT02422706]Phase 3120 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2015-01-31Recruiting
Population Pharmacokinetics of Anti-tuberculosis Drugs in Children With Tuberculosis [NCT03625739]800 participants (Anticipated)Observational [Patient Registry]2018-07-01Recruiting
Sanjin Tablets for the Treatment of Acute Simple Lower Urinary Tract Infection and Its Influence on Recurrence Rate: a Randomized, Double Blind, Parallel Control of Positive Drugs, Multi-center Clinical Study [NCT03658291]Phase 4252 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-01-01Not yet recruiting
Ciprofloxacin Versus Levofloxacin and Rate of Breakthrough Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients [NCT03850379]Phase 2308 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-03-14Active, not recruiting
Efficacies of Tetracycline-levofloxacin Quadruple Therapy, Standard Bismuth Quadruple Therapy and Amoxicillin-levofloxacin Quadruple Therapy in the Second-line Treatment of H Pylori Infection [NCT05850117]240 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-02-10Recruiting
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Commonly Used Drugs in Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants [NCT03511118]1,600 participants (Anticipated)Observational2018-10-04Recruiting
Risk of QT-prolongation and Torsade de Pointes in Patients Treated With Acute Medication in a University Hospital [NCT02068170]178 participants (Actual)Observational2014-02-28Completed
Evaluation of Two Strategies of Antibiotic Treatment With Levofloxacin in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Short Treatment-versus Treatment Guided by Markers of Inflammation [NCT02067780]Phase 3310 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-05-01Completed
Phase 1b, Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of MP-376 Inhalation Solution Administered for 5 Days to Chronic Bronchitis Patients [NCT00752414]Phase 121 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-07-31Completed
A Phase 3, Multi-Center, Multinational, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study To Evaluate The Efficacy And Safety Of MP-376 (Levofloxacin Inhalation Solution; Aeroquin™) In Stable Cystic Fibrosis Patients [NCT01180634]Phase 3330 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-11-30Completed
Oral Versus Intravenous Antibiotics for the Management of the Osteomyelitis of the Jaws: An Open-Label Non-Inferiority Single-Arm Clinical Trial [NCT05867654]100 participants (Anticipated)Observational2023-11-01Not yet recruiting
Efficacy of Clarithromycin and Flouroquinolones Based Regimens in H.Pylori Eradication in Covid-19 Era: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05035186]233 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-03-21Completed
Six- Versus Twelve-Week Therapy for Non-Surgically-Treated Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: A Multicenter Open-Label Controlled Randomized Study [NCT02123628]Phase 440 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-06-30Completed
Helicobacter Pylori First-line Treatment Containing Tetracycline in Patients Allergic to Penicillin:a Prospective Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05129176]Phase 4106 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-11-23Recruiting
A Open-label, Single Sequence Clinical Trial to Investigate the Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Second-Line Anti-Tuberculosis Agents After Multiple Oral/Intramuscular Administration in Healthy Male Volunteers [NCT02128308]Phase 116 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-11-30Completed
A Prospective, Randomized,Controlled Trial on the Effect of Antibiotic Therapy on Endometrial Response in Women With Chronic Endometritis [NCT02648698]120 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-01-10Completed
Helicobacter Pylori Resistance. A Study of Morbidity, Immunological and Clinical Phenotypes [NCT05019586]185 participants (Actual)Observational2010-04-15Completed
Efficacy and Safety of 14-day Concomitant Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori: A Pilot Study [NCT04991584]60 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-08-04Not yet recruiting
An Interventional, Open Label, Non-randomized, Phase Ia Safety and Tolerability Study of Levofloxacin Ocular Implant in Subjects Undergoing Routine Cataract Surgery. [NCT04682288]Phase 15 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-01-04Completed
Effect of Ciprofloxacin Versus Levofloxacin on QTc-interval and Dysglycemia in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients. [NCT04456712]Phase 4200 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-06-01Completed
Is Combination Antibiotic Therapy Superior to Monotherapy in the Treatment of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease [NCT04879030]Phase 2/Phase 3170 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-01-01Completed
A Multi-center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Comparative, Phase III Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Infusion of Nemonoxacin Versus Levofloxain in Treating Adult Patients With CAP [NCT02205112]Phase 3598 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-06-30Completed
An Interventional, Open Label, Controlled, Randomized, Pairwise, Phase Ib Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetic (PK) Study of Levofloxacin Ocular Implant in Patients Undergoing Routine Bilateral Cataract Surgery [NCT05441930]Phase 112 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-06-23Suspended(stopped due to Sponsor has suspended study to conserve capital for clinical development of lead asset)
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria & Risk of Urinary Tract Infection in Renal Transplants [NCT01349738]200 participants (Anticipated)Observational2011-05-31Enrolling by invitation
Postoperative Antibiotic Management Duration Following Surgery for Intravenous Drug Abuse (IVDA) Endocarditis (OPTIMAL) [NCT05156437]Phase 420 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-03-16Enrolling by invitation
Gel-Sinuplasty for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With and Without Nasal Polyposis [NCT03472144]Phase 360 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-07-07Recruiting
Efficacy of Tailored for Helicobacter Pylori Rescue Treatment Based on Antimicrobial-susceptibility Testing [NCT03413020]Phase 4200 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-01-03Completed
Multi-center, Randomized, Open-label Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Oral Fosfomycin Versus Oral Levofloxacin Strategies in Complicated Urinary Tract Infections (FOCUS) [NCT03697993]Phase 462 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-11-07Terminated(stopped due to inadequate enrollment.)
Efficacy of High Dose Dual Therapy, Sequential Therapy and Triple Therapy in H. Pylori Eradication - A Prospective, Comparative Study [NCT01163435]Phase 4618 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-08-31Completed
High Eradication Rate of Helicobacter Pylori Infection With Moxifloxacin-Based Triple Therapy in Comparison With Levofloxacin-Based Sequential Therapy: Randomized Controlled Trials [NCT05863858]Phase 3162 participants (Actual)Interventional2020-06-01Completed
Efficacy of Two-week Therapy With Levofloxacin-based Concomitant Regimen Versus Levofloxacin-based Sequential Regimen for Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Syrian Population: a Prospective Single-center Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT06065267]Phase 4150 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2024-01-02Not yet recruiting
Effect of Fluoroquinolones on BK Viremia in the Renal Transplant Recipient, A Multi-Center Study [NCT01034176]Phase 443 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-02-28Completed
Evaluation of a Clinical Pathway Based on Procalcitonin Levels for the Management of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Outpatients [NCT02600806]Phase 4500 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2005-05-31Recruiting
Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of MP-376 Inhalation Solution Administered for 5 Days Every 28 Days to Prevent Acute Exacerbations in High Risk COPD Patients [NCT00739648]Phase 2322 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-10-31Completed
Clinical Study of the Effects of Compound Kushen Injection on Radiation-induced Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. [NCT04204382]Phase 4144 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-12-12Recruiting
Multi-Centre, Prospective, Open Label, Randomized Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Moxifloxacin Versus Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole in the Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia With Aspiration Factors [NCT00752947]Phase 4186 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2008-09-30Recruiting
Phase II, Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Three Dosage Regimens of MP-376 Solution for Inhalation Given for 28 Days to Stable CF Patients [NCT00677365]Phase 2151 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-06-30Completed
Comparing Oral Versus Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (COPAT) Trial [NCT05977868]Phase 4135 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-08-04Enrolling by invitation
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Preurodynamic Single Dose of Levofloxacin With Posturodynamic Levofloxacin for Three Days on the Incidence of Urinary Tract Infections [NCT05219877]Phase 1/Phase 2134 participants (Actual)Interventional2022-02-04Completed
The Efficacy of Solifenacin Succinate as Adjuvant Therapy for Symptomatic Non-complicated Urinary Tract Infection in Females [NCT02094703]Phase 4126 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2013-04-30Recruiting
ONE WEEK VS. TWO WEEKS VONOPRAZAN CONTAINING TRIPLE REGIMEN FOR ERADICATION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI: [NCT05728424]Phase 3246 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-09-20Recruiting
Optimizing the Antibiotic Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis: a Prospective Randomised Multicenter Study (The APPAC II Study) [NCT03236961]552 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-04-03Active, not recruiting
[NCT02157571]Phase 3360 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2013-06-30Recruiting
Rifampicin Combination Therapy Versus Targeted Antimicrobial Monotherapy in the Oral Antimicrobial Treatment Phase of Staphylococcal Prosthetic Joint Infection [NCT06172010]Phase 4316 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-04-01Recruiting
Efficacy of Amoxicillin-Esomeprazole High Dose Dual Therapy Compared to Levofloxacin Containing Triple Therapy for the Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Single-blind Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT06088316]Phase 470 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-02-10Recruiting
A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Phase 3B Study to Compare the Safety and Clinical Efficacy of Levofloxacin in 750mg for 2 Weeks and Levofloxacin 750mg for 3 Weeks to That of Levofloxacin 500mg for 4 Weeks in the Treatment of Chronic Prostatitis [NCT00402688]Phase 3242 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-11-30Completed
Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform Trial for Community- Acquired Pneumonia [NCT02735707]Phase 310,000 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-04-11Recruiting
Comparison of Early Changes in Ocular Surface and Inflammatory Mediators Between Lenticule Extraction and Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction [NCT02540785]41 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-04-30Completed
Safety Profile Comparison of Undiluted Intracameral Moxifloxacin vs. Levofloxacin in Cataract Surgery [NCT05741632]Phase 168 participants (Actual)Interventional2023-02-01Completed
Comparison Efficacy of 14-day Triple Therapy Between Clarithromycin and Levofloxacin on the Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori in Syrian Population [NCT02693574]Phase 474 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-12-01Active, not recruiting
Oral Switch During Treatment of Left-sided Endocarditis Due to Multi-susceptible Staphylococcus (Relais Oral Dans le Traitement Des Endocardites à Staphylocoques Multi-sensibles) [NCT02701608]Phase 3324 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-02-29Recruiting
[NCT02699658]Phase 245 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-10-31Completed
Construction and Application of the Treatment of Refractory Helicobacter Pylori Infection Based on the High-throughput Sequencing Technologies [NCT02741414]4,428 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-06-30Recruiting
Intracameral Levofloxacin (0.5%) Versus Intracameral Cefuroxime (1mg/0.1ml) Effect on Corneal Endothelial Cell Count and Morphology in Uneventful Phacoemulsification [NCT04212078]Phase 1/Phase 2138 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-07-29Recruiting
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy Comparative Trial of Azithromycin SR Versus Levofloxacin for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults [NCT00643734]Phase 3468 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-04-30Completed
[NCT02757365]Phase 4100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2014-04-30Recruiting
D2 Versus D3 Dissection in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy In Right Cancer Colon Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT06049758]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2024-01-02Not yet recruiting
Corneal Epithelium Repair and Therapy Using Autologous Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation [NCT02148016]Phase 1/Phase 230 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2012-12-31Recruiting
A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Multicenter, Prospective Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of IV Eravacycline Compared With Ertapenem in Complicated Urinary Tract Infections [NCT03032510]Phase 31,205 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-01-31Completed
A Randomized, Open-Label Study Comparing Levofloxacin Once-Daily 750 mg PO for 5 Days and Azithromycin Once-Daily 500 mg on Day One and Then 250 mg Days 2 Through 5 In a Microbiologic Evaluation for Emergence of Resistance in the Oropharyngeal Flora of He [NCT00821782]Phase 1143 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-06-30Completed
Prospective, Randomized Study Comparing Effect on Wound Healing of Vigamox (Moxifloxacin 0.5% Ophthalmic Solution) and Cravit (Levofloxacin 0.5% Ophthalmic Solution) Administered Post-Surgically in Patients Undergoing Cataract Extraction [NCT00840580]Phase 479 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-01-31Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy Comparative Trial of Azithromycin SR Versus Levofloxacin for the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Maxillary Sinusitis in Adults Undergoing Diagnostic Sinus Aspiration [NCT00643409]Phase 3541 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-01-31Completed
A Prospective, Randomized, Double Dummy, Double Blind, Multi-center Multinational Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Moxifloxacin 400 mg PO QD 24 Hours for 14 Days to That of Levofloxacin 500 mg PO QD 24 Hours Plus Metronidazole 500 mg BID for 14 [NCT00453349]Phase 3460 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-01-31Completed
An Open-Label Randomized Multiple-Dose Study to Evaluate Levofloxacin Steady-State Pharmacokinetics and Safety in Subjects With Varying Degrees of Renal Function [NCT00645437]Phase 159 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-10-31Completed
A Study of Avelox for Treatment of Elderly Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia [NCT00665327]Phase 4401 participants (Actual)Interventional2002-11-30Completed
Comparison Between Tailored Therapy Guided by a Non-invasive Antibiotic Susceptibility Test and Empiric Treatment for First-line Helicobacter Pylori Eradication in Patients With Dyspepsia: a Randomized Controlled Trial. [NCT04107194]Phase 3362 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-01-14Recruiting
Multicenter Open Non-Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Three Months TAVANIC Course (Levofloxacin) in Combine Treatment of Multi-Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) [NCT00495339]Phase 4100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2007-06-30Completed
The Pharmacokinetics of Topical Levofloxacin 1.5% vs Topical Moxifloxacin 0.5% [NCT04214821]Phase 1/Phase 2128 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-09-23Recruiting
Randomized Trial of Short Antibiotic Course to Decrease Post ERCP Cholangitis [NCT03087656]Phase 4200 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-03-29Recruiting
Efficacies of Susceptibility-guided vs Empiric Therapy for Rescue Treatment of Helicobacter Pylori Infection - A Prospective Randomized, Comparative Study [NCT05332444]Phase 4450 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-04-11Recruiting
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy Comparative Trial of Azithromycin SR Versus Levofloxacin for the Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis (AECB) [NCT00644449]Phase 3551 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-01-31Completed
A Phase IV Comparative Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Cefdinir and Levofloxacin for the Treatment of Subjects With Acute Bacterial Sinusitis [NCT00645073]Phase 4271 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-11-30Completed
A Randomized, Double-masked, Parallel Group Study of DE-108 Ophthalmic Solution in Patients Who Are Scheduled for Cataract Surgery (Levofloxacin 0.5% Ophthalmic Solution as a Comparator) - Phase III, Confirmatory Study of Perioperative Bacteria Eradicatio [NCT02573610]Phase 3576 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-09-21Completed
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Antibacterial Prophylaxis for Prevention of Infections in Azacitidine Treated Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients. [NCT02981615]Phase 367 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-08-01Completed
A Two Week Nitazoxanidebased Quadruple Regimen for Helicobacter Pylori Therapy After Failure of Standard Triple Therapy: A Single Center Experience [NCT02621359]Phase 3100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2015-01-31Recruiting
Efficacy of Antibiotic Susceptibility-based Tailored Versus Empiric Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori First-line Treatment：a Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT02935010]Phase 4382 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-02-05Completed
Randomized Controled Multicentric Trial, of Non Inferiority, Comparing Two Durations of Antibiotherapy (5 Days Versus 10 Days) in COMMUNAUTARY Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis. [NCT00873626]Phase 4310 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-06-30Completed
Delamanid, Linezolid, Levofloxacin, and Pyrazinamide for the Treatment of Patients With Fluoroquinolone-sensitive MDR-TB: A Phase 2/3, Multicenter, Randomized, Open-label, Clinical Trial [NCT02619994]Phase 2238 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-01-31Recruiting
Phase I/II Study of the Effects of Antibiotics on Sarcoidosis Pathogenesis [NCT01074554]Phase 1/Phase 230 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-02-28Completed
Multicenter Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Endoscopic Retrograde Appendicitis Therapy (ERAT) vs Antibiotic Therapy vs Appendectomy for Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis [NCT02789865]Phase 2240 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-05-31Not yet recruiting
A Randomized, Observer-masked, Parallel-group, Multicenter Trial Evaluating the Ocular Penetration of 1.5% Levofloxacin Ophthalmic Solution and 0.5% Moxifloxacin Ophthalmic Solution in Subjects Undergoing Corneal Transplant Surgery [NCT00764582]Phase 460 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2008-09-30Terminated(stopped due to Study terminated due to lack of enrollment.)
Non-interventional (Observational) Study of the Administration of Levolet® R, Film-coated Tablets (Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., India) in Adults With Chronic Prostatitis in Routine Clinical Practice [NCT02711943]500 participants (Actual)Observational2013-07-31Completed
Penetrance of Third Generation Fluoroquinolones in Eyes With Functioning Filtering Blebs [NCT00392275]Phase 448 participants Interventional2002-11-30Completed
An Open Label, Three Arm, Pilot Study of the Safety and Clinical Efficacy of Topical Dermacyn™ Wound Care vs. Oral Levofloxacin vs. Combined Therapy for Mild Diabetic Foot Infections [NCT00516958]Phase 265 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2007-05-31Completed
Comparison of Early Changes in Ocular Surface and Inflammatory Mediators Among Lenticule Extraction, Laser in Situ Keratomileusis and Femtosecond Laser-assisted Laser in Situ Keratomileusis [NCT02551796]75 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-09-30Completed
[NCT00548002]430 participants (Actual)Observational1999-01-31Completed
Comparison of the Effect Between Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin on the Culture Conversion After 3 Months Treatment Among MDR-TB Patients; Prospective Multicenter Randomized Open Label Phase III Trial [NCT01055145]Phase 3182 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-03-31Terminated
Randomized, Open Label, Multiple Dose Phase I Study of the Early Bactericidal Activity of Linezolid, Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin, and Moxifloxacin in HIV-non-infected Adults With Initial Episodes of Sputum Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis [NCT00396084]Phase 1/Phase 270 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-02-10Completed
The Study About the Selection of Time for Retreatment of Helicobacter Pylori After Eradication Failure [NCT05173493]670 participants (Actual)Observational2021-12-30Completed
Phase II Study: Treatment of Relapsed Lymphoid Malignancies With an Anti-angiogenic Approach [NCT00250718]Phase 217 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-10-31Terminated(stopped due to Low rate of accrual)
Efficacy of a Short-term Sequential Therapy Versus Intravenous Standard Treatment for Patients With Non-complicated Catheter Related Bacteremia by Methicillin- Susceptible S.Aureus. [NCT01875263]Phase 31 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-05-31Terminated(stopped due to Not participants inclusion)
Multicenter, Double-Blind Randomized Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Levofloxacin 750 mg Once Daily for Five Days vs. Levofloxacin 500 mg Once Daily for 10 Days in the Treatment of Mild to Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults [NCT00236821]Phase 3530 participants (Actual)Interventional2001-03-31Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Comparative Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Levofloxacin and Standard of Care Therapy in the Treatment of Children With Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the Hospitalized or Outpatient Setting [NCT00034736]Phase 3691 participants (Actual)Interventional2002-08-31Completed
Comparison of the Efficacy of Levofloxacin-based Sequential Therapy and Bismuth Quadruple Therapy in the Second Line and Third Line Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Infection- A Multi-center Randomized Trial [NCT03148366]Phase 3560 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-02-28Completed
[NCT00630019]Phase 496 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2008-02-29Completed
Population Pharmacokinetics of Levofloxacin in Intensive Care Patients With Severe Community-acquired Pneumonia. [NCT02018081]Phase 452 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-03-31Completed
Investigation of the Efficacy of Antimycobacterial Therapy on Pulmonary Sarcoidosis Phase II Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial [NCT02024555]Phase 297 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-03-31Completed
The Treatment of Pulmonary Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in HIV Infection [NCT00001033]Phase 3650 participants InterventionalCompleted
Efficacy and Safety of 14-day Concomitant Therapy for Difficult-to-Treat Helicobacter Pylori: A Pilot Study [NCT05126121]60 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-11-20Not yet recruiting
Phase I Study of Pharmacokinetics and Bacteriocidal Activity [NCT02212795]Phase 118 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-05-31Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Levofloxacin Combined With Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke [NCT05741905]100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-06-01Recruiting
A Double-blind, Randomized, Comparator-controlled Study to Assess the Safety, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of ACHN-490 Injection Administered IV in Patients With Complicated Urinary Tract Infections or Acute Pyelonephritis [NCT01096849]Phase 2145 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-07-13Completed
Investigation of the Efficacy of Antibiotics on Pulmonary Sarcoidosis [NCT01169038]Phase 115 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-07-31Completed
A Phase 1B, Multi-Center, Open Label Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of MP-376 Inhalation Solution Given Daily for 14 Days to Stable Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients. [NCT00840333]Phase 127 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-04-30Completed
Effects of Oral Steroid in Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia With Lobar Consolidation or Pleural Effusion in Children [NCT02618057]Phase 480 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-06-30Recruiting
A National, Multicenter, Non-comparative Study Evaluating the Efficacy of the Combination of Levofloxacin (500 mg) and Rifampicin (600 or 900 mg Depending on Weight) Administered Once Daily by Oral Route, as Replacement of Empirical Antibiotic Therapy Giv [NCT00906048]Phase 310 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-04-30Terminated(stopped due to lack of recruitment)
Does Prophylactic Antibiotic Decrease the Rate of Urinary Tract Infection After Robot Assisted Radical Cystectomy [NCT04502095]Phase 4100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-09-02Recruiting
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication in Mexico With a Levofloxacin-containing Scheme Versus Clarithromycin-based Triple Therapy: a Randomized, Open-label, Non-inferiority, Phase 3b Trial. [NCT02726269]Phase 3230 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-06-30Completed
A Prospective Study About the Safety of Omitting Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Transurethral Prostate Resection (TURP) and Transurethral Bladder Tumour Resection (TURB): the prophylaxis001-trial [NCT04212403]1,350 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-09-17Completed
An Open-label, Randomized, 3-way Crossover Study to Evaluate the Bioequivalence of an Oral Suspension Formulation, an Oral Solution Formulation, and the Marketed Tablet Formulation of Levofloxacin in Healthy Subjects [NCT00602589]Phase 172 participants (Actual)Interventional2002-10-31Completed
Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosage Individualization of Biapenem,Meropenem,Piperacillin and Tazobactam,Tigecycline,Levofloxacin .Etc in Elderly Patients Who Was Hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit [NCT04799626]500 participants (Anticipated)Observational [Patient Registry]2021-04-01Recruiting
Open-label Comparative Safety and Efficacy Study of Levofloxacin and Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid in Patients With Acute ,Bacterial Rhinosinusitis [NCT02712502]100 participants (Actual)Observational2014-09-30Completed
Determination of a Trough Serum Concentration of Ofloxacin Associated to Increase in Side Effects Frequency in Elderly Treated for Bone and Joint Infection [NCT04496024]110 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-06-02Recruiting
Comparison Between Ceftriaxone and Levofloxacin on Cytokine Expression Over Time in Severe Pneumococcal Pneumonia [NCT00429975]Phase 445 participants Interventional2004-08-31Terminated
Treatment of Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus Aureus Orthopaedic Infections With Clindamycin in Combination With Rifampin or Levofloxacin: a Randomized Pharmacological and Clinical Study (the CLINDOS Trial) [NCT01500837]23 participants (Actual)Interventional2010-10-31Completed
Fast-track Absolute Neutrophil Count in Suspected Neutropenic Fever (The FRANCiS-NF Trial): A Single-centre, Pragmatic, Open-label, Randomised, Controlled Trial [NCT05393505]Phase 4344 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-10-24Recruiting
[NCT01756924]Phase 214 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-12-31Terminated(stopped due to This study has been terminated; alternative study designs are being considered. Fusidic acid remains available under an Expanded Access Protocol.)
Susceptibility-Guided Sequential Therapy Versus Empirical Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Infection: a Randomised Controlled Trial [NCT05549115]500 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-09-20Recruiting
Genotypic Resistance-guided Triple Therapy Versus Empirical Concomitant Therapy for First-line H. Pylori Eradication. [NCT04090021]Phase 4304 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-09-01Recruiting
Effectiveness of Single Dose Fosfomycin and Single Dose Levofloxacin as Pre-urodynamic Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Urinary Tract Infection Prevention in Post-Urodynamic Examination [NCT06017479]Phase 1/Phase 2100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-12-30Recruiting
Swiss PACK-CXL (Photoactivated Chromophore for Infectious Keratitis Cross-linking) Multicenter Trial for the Treatment of Infectious Keratitis [NCT02717871]Phase 335 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-03-31Completed
The Clinical Safety of Topical Levofloxacin 1.5% vs Topical Moxifloxacin 0.5% [NCT04212429]Phase 1/Phase 2128 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-09-23Recruiting
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Trial With Levofloxacin as Prophylaxis for Bacterial Infections in Immunocompromised Patients After Allogeneic Transplantation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells [NCT00215007]Phase 2/Phase 30 participants InterventionalRecruiting
Shortened Regimens for First Diagnosed Smear Positive Drug Susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis: a Randomised Controlled Non-inferiority Trial [NCT02901288]Phase 43,900 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-08-31Recruiting
Efficiency of Antibacterial Prophylaxis (Levofloxacin) in Azacitidine Treated Patients [NCT03594149]Phase 3150 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-07-18Recruiting
A Multinational, Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of Sequential Intravenous/Oral Moxifloxacin in Comparison to Intravenous Levofloxacin Plus Intravenous Ceftriaxone Followed by Oral Levofloxacin, in the Tr [NCT00431678]Phase 3738 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-01-31Completed
Phase I, Single and Multi-dose, Placebo Controlled, Randomized, Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and PK Profile of MP-376 Using the PARI eFlow Nebulizer for 14 Days to CF Patients [NCT00503490]Phase 140 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-06-30Completed
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole or Levofloxacin? A Retrospective Cohort Study of Targeted Therapy for Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia Blood Stream and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections [NCT04639817]1,621 participants (Actual)Observational2020-08-14Completed
Safety and Efficacy Study of Levofloxacin Combined With Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke Due to Large Vessel Occlusion of Anterior Circulation [NCT05743101]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-02-13Not yet recruiting
Testing New Strategies for Patients Hospitalised With HIV-associated Disseminated Tuberculosis [NCT04951986]Phase 3732 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-08-11Recruiting
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication and Follow-up in Zhongshan Hospital [NCT05061732]Phase 44,447 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-09-30Recruiting
TREATMENT OF ACUTE UNCOMPLICATED PYELONEPHRITIS WITH SHORT COURSE LEVOFLOXACIN A Pilot Study [NCT00239161]Phase 430 participants Interventional2004-09-30Terminated
TREATMENT OF COMPLICATED URINARY INFECTION WITH FIVE DAY HIGH DOSE LEVOFLOXACIN [NCT00245791]Phase 430 participants Interventional2004-10-31Terminated
A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Levofloxacin With That of Ciprofloxacin HCl in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections in Adults [NCT00257062]Phase 3361 participants (Actual)Interventional1993-01-31Completed
A Multicenter, Active-Controlled, Randomized Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Levofloxacin Versus Cefaclor in the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis in Adults [NCT00257140]Phase 2/Phase 3367 participants (Actual)Interventional1931-06-30Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Levofloxacin With That of Cefuroxime Axetil in the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis in Adults [NCT00269932]Phase 3485 participants (Actual)Interventional1993-08-31Completed
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Comparative Study Of The Efficacy And Safety Of Intravenous Tigecycline Vs Intravenous Levofloxacin To Treat Subjects Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia [NCT00081575]Phase 3434 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-01-31Completed
Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Cataract Surgery Version 7e January 22 2003 [NCT00136344]35,000 participants Interventional2003-09-30Completed
[NCT01742429]Phase 4200 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-11-30Completed
Prospective Randomised Trial of First and Second Line Treatments of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Slovenia [NCT04359966]560 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-05-10Not yet recruiting
Comparison of the Effect of Azithromycin, Telithromycin and Levofloxacin on Drug Metabolizing Enzymes Using the Validated Cooperstown 5+1 Cocktail [NCT00164112]Phase 416 participants Interventional2004-11-30Completed
Evaluation of Lactated Ringers for Protection From Cisplatin Ototoxicity. [NCT00584155]Phase 10 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-07-31Withdrawn(stopped due to PI left the university.)
Efficacy and Safety of Sitafloxacin in the Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of Bronchiectasis in Adults :A Multi-center, Randomized, Evaluator-blinded, Levofloxacin Parallel-controlled Clinical Study [NCT05313750]Phase 4256 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-06-30Active, not recruiting
Comparing the Efficacy of Two Weeks Therapy of Doxycycline,Levofloxacin,Tinidazole Versus Levofloxacin With Tinidazole on Rate of Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori Infected Patients on Syrian Population [NCT04626193]Phase 480 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-10-31Recruiting
A Single- Centre, Randomised Study Of The Clinical And Microbiological Efficacy Of Decreasing The Dosage Of Levofloxacin 0,5% Eye Drops As Compared To Standard Eye Drop Dosage In Patients With Bacterial Conjunctivitis [NCT00565123]Phase 2/Phase 3119 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-09-30Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Levofloxacin With Amoxicillin/Clavulanate Potassium in the Treatment of Acute Sinusitis in Adults [NCT00249210]Phase 3614 participants (Actual)Interventional1993-08-31Completed
Efficacy of Levofloxacin-Doxycycline Based Rescue Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Eradication: A Prospective Open-label Trial in Saudi Arabia [NCT02884713]55 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-06-30Completed
Phase 4 Study on Effectiveness of Topical 0.5% Levofloxacin on Reduction of Preoperative Conjunctival Flora in Patients Scheduled for Intraocular Surgery [NCT00491049]Phase 4140 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-09-30Completed
An Open-label, Randomized, 2-way Crossover Study to Evaluate the Effect of Food on Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetics From an Oral Solution Formulation [NCT00601432]Phase 124 participants (Actual)Interventional2002-10-31Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Comparative, Multi-Center Study of the Safety and Efficacy of TG-873870(Nemonoxacin) Versus Levofloxacin in Adult Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) [NCT01529476]Phase 3540 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-04-30Completed
Comparison of the Efficacy of Levofloxacin-based Sequential Therapy and Triple Therapy as Second Line Therapy for Refractory Helicobacter Pylori Infection- A Multi-center Randomized Trial [NCT01537055]Phase 4600 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2012-02-29Recruiting
A Multi-center, Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy Parallel-controlled Phase II Clinical Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Nemonoxacin Malate in Treating Adult Patients With Community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) [NCT01537250]Phase 2192 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-08-31Completed
Five-day Concomitant Versus 10-day Sequential Therapy for Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori Infection: a Randomized Trial of Levofloxacin-based Regimens [NCT01544517]Phase 3180 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-01-31Completed
A Randomized, Multicenter, Open Label Trial Comparing Intravenous Zithromax® (Azithromycin) Plus Intravenous Rocephin® (Ceftriaxone) Followed By Oral Zithromax® (Azithromycin) With Intravenous Levaquin® (Levofloxacin) Followed By Oral Levaquin® (Levofloxa [NCT00035347]Phase 4219 participants (Actual)Interventional2001-01-31Completed
[NCT00042718]Phase 3659 participants (Actual)Interventional2001-11-30Completed
An Open-Label Study of Levofloxacin to Evaluate Bacteriologic Outcome in the Treatment of Children Who Are at Risk for Acute Otitis Media That is Difficult to Treat [NCT00044473]Phase 3206 participants (Actual)Interventional2002-11-30Completed
Prospective, Randomized, Blinded Phase II Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Study of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Levofloxacin in Combination With Optimized Background Regimen for the Treatment of MDR-TB [NCT01918397]Phase 2111 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-01-31Completed
Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Levofloxacin With That of Cefepime in the Treatment of Fever and Neutropenia - Phase IIIB [NCT00020865]Phase 30 participants Interventional2001-09-30Active, not recruiting
A Multicenter, Randomized, Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Levofloxacin in the Treatment of Children Who Have Recurrent and/or Persistent Acute Otitis Media [NCT00051753]Phase 31,643 participants (Actual)Interventional2002-11-30Completed
Prospective, Randomized, Open Label Phase 3 Study of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Delamanid, Linezolid, Pyrazinamide and Levofloxacin for Treatment of Patients With Fluoroquinolone-susceptible Multidrugresistant--Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) [NCT02975570]Phase 30 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-08-31Withdrawn(stopped due to The study could not be conducted since funding was not obtained.)
A Multicenter, Double-blind, Randomized Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Levofloxacin 750 mg Once Daily for Five Days Versus Ciprofloxacin Twice Daily for Ten Days in the Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection and Acute Pyelonephritis [NCT00210886]Phase 31,109 participants (Actual)Interventional2004-10-31Completed
A National, Multicentric, Randomised, Controlled Trial. Applications of a Critical Pathway Using Levofloxacin for the Management of Patients With Abnormal PSA. [NCT00169585]Phase 3240 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-03-31Completed
Prospective, Randomized, Partially Blinded, Phase 2 Study of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Bedaquiline, Delamanid, Levofloxacin, Linezolid, and Clofazimine for Treatment of Patients With MDR-TB [NCT03828201]Phase 2220 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-06-07Recruiting
Comparison Efficacy of 14-day Concomitant Therapy:Clarithromycin vs.Levofloxacin in Eradication of H.Pylori [NCT03021590]Phase 40 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-06-01Withdrawn(stopped due to No Participants Enrolled)
Intradialytic Drug Removal by Short-daily Hemodialysis [NCT00596167]6 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-09-30Completed
TNF-alpha Antagonists for Acute Exacerbations of COPD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial [NCT00789997]Phase 2/Phase 381 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-11-30Completed
Comparison of Two Rescue Therapies for Helicobacter Pylori Infection - A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT02547012]51 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-11-30Completed
A Multicenter, Active-Controlled, Randomized Study To Evaluate The Safety And Efficacy Of Levofloxacin Versus Ceftriaxone Sodium Or Cefuroxime Axetil In The Treatment Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia In Adults [NCT00257049]Phase 2/Phase 3604 participants (Actual)Interventional1984-01-31Completed
An Open-label, Multi-center, Non-comparative Sinus Puncture Study of 750 mg, Short-course Levofloxacin in the Treatment of Acute Maxillary Sinusitis [NCT00236652]Phase 318 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-11-30Completed
A Multicenter, Double-Blind Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Levofloxacin to That of Ciprofloxacin in the Treatment of Chronic Prostatitis [NCT00236808]Phase 3383 participants (Actual)Interventional2000-05-31Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized Study To Compare The Safety And Efficacy Of Oral Levofloxacin With That Of Lomefloxacin HCl In The Treatment Of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections In Adults [NCT00258102]Phase 3603 participants (Actual)Interventional1993-01-31Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Levofloxacin 750 mg Once Daily for 5 Days Versus Levofloxacin 500 mg Once Daily for 10 Days in the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Sinusitis in Adults. [NCT00236522]Phase 3784 participants (Actual)Interventional2002-10-31Completed
A Multicenter, Randomized, Open Label Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Levofloxacin With That of Imipenem/Cilastatin in the Treatment of Nosocomial Pneumonia [NCT00236834]Phase 3438 participants (Actual)Interventional1997-12-31Completed
A Multi-center, Open-label, Randomized Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Once Daily Levofloxacin Along With Once Daily Metronidazole Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam in the Treatment of Complicated Appendicitis [NCT00236912]Phase 4139 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-07-31Terminated(stopped due to This study was terminated due to low enrollment.)
A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of i.v. And/Or Oral Levofloxacin With That of Ticarcillin/Clavulanate Alone or Followed by Amoxicillin/Clavulanate in the Treatment of Complicated Bacterial Skin and Skin Struc [NCT00249197]Phase 3413 participants (Actual)Interventional1997-01-31Completed
An Open-Label, Multicenter, Multinational, Centrally Randomized, Two-Arm Parallel-Group Study to Demonstrate the Non-Inferiority in Clinical Efficacy of Levofloxacin 750mg od in Comparison With Piperacillin/Tazobactam 4g/500mg Every 8 Hours in the Treatme [NCT00253955]Phase 3460 participants (Actual)Interventional2003-06-30Completed
A Multicenter, Active-Controlled, Randomized Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Levofloxacin Versus Ciprofloxacin HCl in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Skin and Skin Structure Infections in Adults [NCT00257036]Phase 2/Phase 3431 participants (Actual)Interventional1991-07-31Completed
A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized Study To Compare The Safety And Efficacy Of Oral Levofloxacin With That Of Ciprofloxacin HCl In The Treatment Of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections In Adults [NCT00258089]Phase 3578 participants (Actual)Interventional1993-06-30Completed
Prospective, Multinational, Multicenter, Non-Comparative, Open Study With a 6 Months Follow-up Period to Demonstrate the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Levofloxacin 500 mg Once Daily in the Treatment of Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis (CBP) [NCT00277511]Phase 3120 participants Interventional2003-03-31Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Clinical Trial Evaluating Three Single Dose Regimens With Loperamide for Treatment of Ambulatory Watery Travelers' Diarrhea, and Azithromycin With and Without Loperamide for Treatment of Ambulatory Dysentery/Febrile Diarrhea [NCT01618591]384 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-09-30Terminated(stopped due to AWD arm was completed. ADF diarrhea arm was unable to fill completely and there are no funds remaining to continue recruiting/enrolling.)
Clinical Efficacy and Health Economic Evaluation of Susceptibility-Guided Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Infection Treatment：Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study [NCT05250050]Phase 4388 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-03-25Recruiting
Levofloxacin-containing Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Treatment [NCT01667718]Phase 4161 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-05-31Completed
The Study on the Selection of Time for Retreatment of Helicobacter Pylori After Eradication Failure [NCT04810793]820 participants (Actual)Observational [Patient Registry]2020-07-01Completed
A Randomized, Controlled, Single-blind, Parallel-group Comparison Between Levofloxacin and Prulifloxacin, in Patients With Acute Exacerbation of COPD Unresponsive to Other Antibiotics and Admitted to the Internal Medicine [NCT01710488]Phase 4258 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-05-31Completed
Study on Treatment of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection by Traditional Chinese Medicine [NCT01745328]150 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2009-01-31Recruiting
"A Prospective, Randomized, Comparative Clinical Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Levofloxacin Versus Isoniazid in the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Liver Transplant Patients." [NCT01761201]Phase 368 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-01-31Terminated(stopped due to Recruitment rythm not sufficent to reach the simple size needed.)
Pharmacodynamic of Ceftaroline and Levofloxacin Against Pathogens Associated With Community Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (CABP) [NCT01524302]Phase 412 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-02-29Completed
Efficacy of Two Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Guided Antibiotic Selection Strategies in Salvage Helicobacter Pylori Treatment [NCT02988089]Phase 4480 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-04-20Recruiting
A Prospective Randomized Trial of Levofloxacin-amoxicillin Triple Therapy vs. Levofloxacin-tetracycline Quadruple Therapy in Second-line Helicobacter Pylori Treatment [NCT02978157]102 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-02-28Completed
Helicobacter Pylori First-line Treatment Containing Tetracycline in Patients Allergic to Penicillin:a Prospective Randomized Controlled Study [NCT04122287]Phase 4250 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-11-01Recruiting
Risk of Acute Liver Injury in Users of Antimicrobials in the HealthCore Integrated Research Database Population [NCT01434173]1,299,056 participants (Actual)Observational2001-07-31Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Levofloxacin for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial [NCT05799326]100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-06-30Recruiting
Ceftidoren Versus Levofloxacin in the Treatment of Patients With Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis (AECB). Multi-centre, Open-label, Randomised, Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effects of the Treatment on Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers [NCT01467297]Phase 440 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-01-31Completed
A Pilot Study of Methodology to Rapidly Evaluate Drugs for Bactericidal Activity, Tolerance, and Pharmacokinetics in the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Using Isoniazid and Levofloxacin [NCT00000778]Phase 144 participants InterventionalCompleted
A Prospective Study of Multidrug Resistance and a Pilot Study of the Safety of and Clinical and Microbiologic Response to Levofloxacin in Combination With Other Antimycobacterial Drugs for Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis (MDRTB) in [NCT00000796]525 participants InterventionalCompleted
Visiting Staff, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan [NCT03832465]Phase 420 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-06-14Completed
A Randomized, Prospective Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Prophylactic Oral Levofloxacin Following Chemotherapy for Lymphoma and Solid Tumors [NCT00005590]Phase 30 participants Interventional1999-08-31Completed
Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetics in the Severely Obese [NCT00176306]Phase 415 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-01-31Completed
Prospective Study Characterizing Fecal Microbiome Disruptions During and After Receipt of Antimicrobials [NCT03098485]20 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-01-31Completed
The Efficacy of 10-day Metronidazole and Levofloxacin Containing Sequential Therapy and 10-day Levofloxacin-containing Triple Therapy In Second Line Helicobacter Pylori Eradication Therapies [NCT02596620]164 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-10-31Completed
Early Stoppage Versus Continuation of Antimicrobial Therapy in Low Risk Pediatric Cancer Patients With Febrile Neutropenia, Before Recovery of Counts: a Randomized Controlled Study -DALFEN Study [NCT03003273]Phase 3142 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-01-31Terminated(stopped due to poor accrual)
Aqueous Humour Concentrations After Topical apPlication of combinEd Levofloxacin-dexamethasone Eye dRops and of Its Single Components: a randoMized, assEssor-blinded, Parallel-group Study in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery - iPERME [NCT03740659]Phase 2125 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-09-04Completed
Efficacy of Combination Therapy With Minocycline for Treatment of Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia Infections [NCT05575427]Phase 4112 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-11-24Recruiting
The Usefulness of Melatonin Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women With Helicobacter Pylori-associated Dyspepsia [NCT04352062]152 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-01-09Completed
A Phase 3, Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Plazomicin Compared With Meropenem Followed by Optional Oral Therapy for the Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection (cUTI), Including Acute Pyelonephri [NCT02486627]Phase 3609 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-01-11Completed
A Double-Blind Study to Evaluate the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of L-Ofloxacin (RWJ 25213) in Subjects With HIV Infection [NCT00002249]Phase 10 participants InterventionalCompleted
Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients After Suspected Aspiration [NCT05079620]Phase 4100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-11-30Recruiting
Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Study Evaluating Efficacy/Safety/Tolerability of Meropenem-Vaborbactam Compared to Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Adult Patients With Complicated Urinary Tract Infections, Including Acute Pyelonephritis [NCT02166476]Phase 3550 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-11-20Completed
Two-month Regimens Using Novel Combinations to Augment Treatment Effectiveness for Drug-sensitive Tuberculosis [NCT03474198]Phase 2/Phase 3675 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-03-21Completed
Pathogenicity of Enteroaggregative E. Coli in Adult Volunteers; Dose-Escalation Study [NCT00362869]Phase 15 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-02-29Terminated
An International, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Two-way, Parallel Group, Controlled Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous and Oral Nemonoxacin Versus Tavanic® in Adult Patients With Community-acquired Pneumonia [NCT03551210]Phase 3342 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-05-04Completed
Urinary Bactericidal Activity of 4 Doses of Levofloxacin (250, 500, &750, and 1000 mg) Against Fluoroquinolone-Resistant E. Coli [NCT00376376]10 participants Interventional2006-09-30Completed
Comparison Between Hybrid, Reverse Hybrid, and Non-Bismuth Levofloxacin Quadruple Regimens for Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Egypt: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04039412]Phase 4330 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-06-01Completed
Efficacy of Potassium Competitive Acid Blockers (P-CABs) Versus Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) in the First and the Second Lines Eradication Regimens for H. Pylori in Egyptian Patients [NCT06101420]Phase 3232 participants (Actual)Interventional2022-01-01Completed
Efficacies of Two Bismuth Quadruple Therapies in the Second-line Treatment of H Pylori Infection - a Multi-center Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03779087]112 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-07-11Completed
Personalized Treatment for Refractory H Pylori Infection [NCT02547025]126 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-08-01Completed
Intravenous Administration of Metronidazole, Levofloxacin and Esomeprazole Triple Therapy in the Treatment of Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Related Complications Caused by Active Peptic Ulcer Disease [NCT04432233]Phase 460 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2020-06-15Recruiting
Acute Appendicitis and Microbiota - Ethology of Appendicitis and Effects of the Antimicrobial Treatment - The MAPPAC (Microbiology Appendicitis Acuta) Trial [NCT03257423]200 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-04-04Enrolling by invitation
An Open Label, Randomized Controlled Trial to Establish the Efficacy and Safety of a Study Strategy Consisting of 6 Months of Bedaquiline (BDQ), Delamanid (DLM), and Linezolid (LNZ), With Levofloxacin (LVX) and Clofazimine (CFZ) Compared to the Current So [NCT04062201]Phase 3402 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-08-22Active, not recruiting
Antibiotic Treatment for 7 Days Versus 14 Days in Patients With Acute Male Urinary Tract Infection Due to Fluoroquinolones Susceptible Bacteria: a Multicentre, Non-inferiority, Double Blind, Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial [NCT02424461]Phase 3400 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2015-02-28Recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Basic Triple Therapy Including Ilaprazole, Levofloxacin on the First Line Eradication Treatment of H.Pylori [NCT02352701]320 participants (Actual)Observational2012-12-31Completed
A Mono-centric, No-profit, Case-control Study With Daily Oral Supplementation of Zinc Sulphate After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients Affected by Multiple Myeloma [NCT03159845]Phase 220 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2014-01-01Completed
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Guided Triple Therapy in Salvage Helicobacter Pylori Treatment [NCT03139253]Phase 4120 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-05-30Not yet recruiting
UVX as an Adjuvant in the Treatment of Fungal Keratitis [NCT03138785]20 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-01-01Active, not recruiting
A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label Study To Evaluate The Efficacy And Safety Of A Contezolid, Delamanid and Bedaquiline-Containing Short Regimen For The Treatment Of Rifampicin-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis [NCT06081361]Phase 3186 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-11-01Not yet recruiting
An Open Label Non Placebo Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Levofloxacin as an Empirical Therapy in Patients With Complicated Urinary Tract Infections [NCT03160807]Phase 4214 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-04-15Recruiting
Clarithromycin-, Metronidazole-, or Levofloxacin-containing Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori-infected Penicillin-allergic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT05023577]Phase 4504 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-08-26Recruiting
Efficacy of Seven-day Combined Rabeprazole Plus Levofloxacin Plus Augmentin for Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori. [NCT01575899]Phase 4208 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-12-31Terminated(stopped due to Early termination due to efficacy)
Efficacy of Ciprofloxacin Therapy in Avoidance of Sepsis in Patient Undergoing Percutanous Nephrolithotomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04374188]200 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-09-01Recruiting
A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of an Oral Short-course Regimen Including Bedaquiline for the Treatment of Patients With Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in China [NCT05306223]Phase 4212 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-05-10Recruiting
Postoperative Safety Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Routine Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery With Intraoperative Intracameral Injection of Preservative-Free Moxifloxacin Versus Levofloxacin [NCT04403334]Phase 4114 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-01-02Completed
Solifenacin vs Levofloxacin vs Lornoxicam for Management of Intravesical Instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Side Effects A Single Blinded Randomised Controlled Study [NCT03038321]Phase 4150 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-02-01Active, not recruiting
Bioequivalence Study of Levomerc (Levofloxacin) 500 mg Tablet With Tavanic (Levofloxacin) 500 mg Tablets [NCT05339295]Phase 124 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-07-11Completed
Oral Antimicrobial Treatment vs. Outpatient Parenteral for Infective Endocarditis [NCT05398679]Phase 4360 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-06-01Not yet recruiting
A Study to Investigate the Safety and Efficacy of a Topical Gentamicin-Collagen Sponge Compared to Levofloxacin in Diabetic Patients With a Mild Infection of a Lower Extremity Skin Ulcer [NCT00593567]Phase 270 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-12-31Completed
Prospective Cohort Study on Patients With Tedizolid Prolonged Therapy for Orthopedic Device Infections [NCT03378427]35 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-08-28Completed
Phase 3, Open-label, Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of MP-376 Inhalation Solution (Aeroquin) vs. Tobramycin Inhalation Solution (TIS) in Stable CF Patients [NCT01270347]Phase 3267 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-01-31Completed
Oral Versus Topical Antibiotic Therapy for Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Exacerbations [NCT01988779]Phase 333 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-10-31Completed
Strategy on the Increment of H. Pylori Eradication Rate and Investigating the Gastric Pathology and Antimicrobial Resistance in Diabetic Patients [NCT02466919]Phase 4114 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-05-31Completed
Absorption of Antibiotics With High Oral Bioavailability in Short-bowel Syndrome : a Monocentric Pilot Study [NCT05302531]Phase 110 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-12-09Recruiting
Evaluating a New Treatment Regimen for Patients With Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) - a Prospective Open-label Randomised Controlled Trial [NCT02454205]Phase 2/Phase 3154 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-11-12Completed
[NCT02028754]Phase 4180 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-07-31Completed
Comparing the Efficacy of 14-day Therapy Doxycycline With Bismuth Subsalicylate Versus Levofloxacin With Tinidazole on Rate of Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori Infected Patients on Syrian Population [NCT04348786]Phase 478 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-02-01Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

TrialOutcome
NCT00176306 (1) [back to overview]Plasma Concentration of Levofloxacin
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration/Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (Cmax/MIC)
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration (Cmax)
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Extended Early Bactericidal Activity (EBA) From Days 2 to 7; Fluoroquinolones/Isoniazid (INH) Comparison
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Difference in Sputum Bacillary Loads: Extended Early Bactericidal Activity (EBA) From Days 2 to 7; Linezolid Once Daily/Linezolid Twice Daily/INH Comparison
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Difference in Sputum Bacillary Loads: Early Bactericidal Activity (EBA) Days 0 to 2; Linezolid Once Daily/Linezolid Twice Daily/Isoniazid (INH) Comparison
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Difference in Sputum Bacillary Loads: Early Bactericidal Activity (EBA) Days 0 to 2; Fluoroquinolones/Isoniazid (INH) Comparison
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Area Under the Curve During First 12 or 24 Hours / Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (AUC/MIC)
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Time to Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration (Tmax) and Half-life
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration (Cmax)
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Time to Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration (Tmax) and Half-life
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Area Under the Curve (AUC) Adjusted for Free Drug Concentrations/Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Sputum Bacillary Loads: Adjusted Area Under the Curve (aAUC)
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Maximum Plasma Drug Concentrations (Cmax), Adjusted for Free Drug Concentration
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration/Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (Cmax/MIC) Adjusted for Free Drug Concentrations
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Area Under the Curve (AUC) During First 12 and 24 Hours Adjusted for Free Drug Concentrations
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Pharmacokinetic Parameters: Area Under the Curve During First 12 and 24 Hours
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Sputum Bacillary Loads: Adjusted Area Under the Curve (aAUC)
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Percent Dosing Interval Above Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
NCT00396084 (19) [back to overview]Pharmacokinetic Parameters: Area Under the Curve (AUC) During First 12 and 24 Hours
NCT00402688 (6) [back to overview]Clinical Success
NCT00402688 (6) [back to overview]Total NIH-CPSI Score
NCT00402688 (6) [back to overview]Clinical Success (Non-Relapse) or Failure (Relapse)
NCT00402688 (6) [back to overview]Clinical Success (Non-Relapse) or Failure (Relapse)
NCT00402688 (6) [back to overview]Symptom Relief (Resolved)
NCT00402688 (6) [back to overview]Clinical Success (Non-Relapse) or Failure (Relapse)
NCT00453349 (11) [back to overview]Clinical Response 7 to 14 Days After Completion of Study Drug Therapy in Per Protocol (PP) Population
NCT00453349 (11) [back to overview]Clinical Response 7 to 14 Days After Completion of Study Drug Therapy on Intent To Treat (ITT) Population
NCT00453349 (11) [back to overview]Number of Subjects Who Received Alternative Medicine
NCT00453349 (11) [back to overview]Bacteriological Response at Follow-up Visit in Intent To Treat Population With Causative Organism
NCT00453349 (11) [back to overview]Bacteriological Response at Follow-up Visit Microbiologically Valid
NCT00453349 (11) [back to overview]Bacteriological Response at Test Of Cure (TOC) Visit in Intent To Treat Population With Causative Organism
NCT00453349 (11) [back to overview]Bacteriological Response at Test Of Cure (TOC) Visit Microbiologically Valid
NCT00453349 (11) [back to overview]Clinical Response on Treatment for Per Protocol Population
NCT00453349 (11) [back to overview]Clinical Response on Treatment for Intent To Treat Population
NCT00453349 (11) [back to overview]Clinical Response at Follow-up Visit on Per Protocol Population
NCT00453349 (11) [back to overview]Clinical Response at Follow-up Visit on Intent To Treat Population
NCT00593567 (7) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Complete Wound Closure by Each Visit
NCT00593567 (7) [back to overview]"Number of Participants With a Clinical Outcome of Clinical Cure"
NCT00593567 (7) [back to overview]Time to Baseline Pathogen Eradication
NCT00593567 (7) [back to overview]Time to Clinical Cure
NCT00593567 (7) [back to overview]Time to Pathogen Eradication
NCT00593567 (7) [back to overview]Time to Positive Clinical Response
NCT00593567 (7) [back to overview]"Number of Participants With a Clinical Outcome of Clinical Cure in Each Treatment Group"
NCT00596167 (1) [back to overview]Intradialytic Clearance of Levofloxacin, Gentamicin and Vancomycin in Patients Receiving Short-daily Hemodialysis
NCT00659646 (8) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Positive Clinical Response at Each Time Point
NCT00659646 (8) [back to overview]Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for Pain Assessment
NCT00659646 (8) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Pathogen Eradication by Visit
NCT00659646 (8) [back to overview]Lipsky Wound Score
NCT00659646 (8) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Total Wound Surface Area Measured in cm^2
NCT00659646 (8) [back to overview]Time to Clinical Cure
NCT00659646 (8) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Clinical Cure at Visit 3 (Day 7)
NCT00659646 (8) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Clinical Cure at Each Visit Except Visit 3 (Day 7)
NCT00677365 (6) [back to overview]Change in FEV1 Percent Predicted
NCT00677365 (6) [back to overview]Changes in Respiratory Domain Scores of Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire - Revised (CFQ-R)
NCT00677365 (6) [back to overview]Time to Administration of Other Anti-pseudomonal Antimicrobials
NCT00677365 (6) [back to overview]Changes in Susceptability Patterns of Isolated Organisms
NCT00677365 (6) [back to overview]Percent Change in Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1)
NCT00677365 (6) [back to overview]Change in P. Aeruginosa Density
NCT00739648 (4) [back to overview]Duration of Acute Exacerbation
NCT00739648 (4) [back to overview]Exacerbation Rate
NCT00739648 (4) [back to overview]Percent Change in Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1)
NCT00739648 (4) [back to overview]Percent Change in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
NCT00789997 (2) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Treatment Failure by 90 Days Assignment
NCT00789997 (2) [back to overview]Change in Lung Function (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1)
NCT01034176 (2) [back to overview]Number of Patients With >50% Reduction in BK Virus Copies
NCT01034176 (2) [back to overview]Percent Change From Baseline in BK Virus Copies at 3 Months
NCT01074554 (3) [back to overview]Change in Lesion Size at the Completion of Antibiotic Therapy, Measured on a Continuous Scale; Change Will be Determined by Change in Diameter of the Lesions
NCT01074554 (3) [back to overview]Change in Modified Sarcoidosis Activity and Severity Index (SASI) at Completion of Therapy.
NCT01074554 (3) [back to overview]Granuloma Burden
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Who Attained Microbiological Eradication (MBE) at the Test of Cure (TOC) Visit in the Microbiological Intent to Treat (MITT) Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the TOC Visit in the Microbiologically Evaluable (ME) Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the EOT Visit in the MITT Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the EOT Visit in the ME Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the TOC Visit in the ME Population Stratified by Infection Category
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Time (Days) to Clinical Cure Based on Investigator's and Sponsor's Assessments in the MITT Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients With a Superinfection or New Infection in the ME Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the TOC Visit in the ME Population Stratified by Infection Category
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the TOC Visit in the ME Population by Country/Region
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the TOC Visit in the ME Population by Baseline Pathogen
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Who Attained Clinical Cure Based on Investigator and Sponsor Assessments at TOC Visit in the Intent-to-treat (ITT) Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Who Attained Clinical Cure Based on Investigator and Sponsor Assessments at the TOC Visit in the CE Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Who Attained Clinical Cure Based on Investigator and Sponsor Assessments at the End of Treatment (EOT) Visit in the CE Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients Experiencing a Clinical Relapse or Microbiological Recurrence in the ME Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Time (Days) to Resolution of Signs and Symptoms of cUTI and AP in the MITT Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Time (Days) to Defervescense in the MITT Population
NCT01096849 (17) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE)
NCT01169038 (1) [back to overview]Change in Absolute FVC From Baseline to Post Completion of 8 Weeks of Antibiotic Therapy.
NCT01345929 (2) [back to overview]The Percentage of Subjects Who Have Both a Per-subject Microbiological Outcome of Eradication and a Clinical Outcome of Cure at the TOC Visit in the Microbiologically Evaluable (ME) Population.
NCT01345929 (2) [back to overview]The Percentage of Subjects Who Have Both a Per-subject Microbiological Outcome of Eradication and a Clinical Outcome of Cure at the Test of Cure (TOC) Visit in the Microbiological Modified ITT (mMITT) Population
NCT01371656 (7) [back to overview]Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Incidence of Musculoskeletal Adverse Events Including Tendinopathy (Tendonitis and Tendon Rupture) Between Arms
NCT01371656 (7) [back to overview]Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Bacteremia Incidence Between Levofloxacin vs. No Prophylaxis Arms
NCT01371656 (7) [back to overview]Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Antibiotic Exposures Between Arms
NCT01371656 (7) [back to overview]Comparison of the Percentage of Patients That Died Due to Bacterial Infection Between Arms
NCT01371656 (7) [back to overview]Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Severe Infection Between Arms
NCT01371656 (7) [back to overview]Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Incidence of Fever and Febrile Neutropenia Between Arms
NCT01371656 (7) [back to overview]Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Incidence of CDAD Between Arms
NCT01524302 (5) [back to overview]Mean (SD) Ceftaroline and Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetic Volume of Distribution Parameter in Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia Patients
NCT01524302 (5) [back to overview]Mean (SD) Doripenem Pharmacokinetic (PK) Area Under Serum Curve (mg*h/L) Parameter in Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia Patients.
NCT01524302 (5) [back to overview]Mean (SD) Doripenem Pharmacokinetic (PK) Clearance of Drug Parameter in Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia Patients
NCT01524302 (5) [back to overview]Serum Cidal Activity as Tested Against Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates and Reported as Ex-vivo Effect (Log Inhibition of Growth)
NCT01524302 (5) [back to overview]Mean (SD) Ceftaroline and Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetic (PK) Half Life Parameter in Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia Patients
NCT01575899 (3) [back to overview]Eradication Rate (Participants Naive to Anti-H. Pylori Treatment)
NCT01575899 (3) [back to overview]Re-eradication Rate
NCT01575899 (3) [back to overview]Eradication Rate of Participants Living in Rural Area.
NCT01918397 (3) [back to overview]Number of Grade 3,4, and 5 AEs
NCT01918397 (3) [back to overview]Number of Patients Completing Treatment
NCT01918397 (3) [back to overview]Time to Sputum Culture Conversion
NCT01988779 (5) [back to overview]Mean Change in the Total Bacterial Community
NCT01988779 (5) [back to overview]Change in Bilateral Endoscopy Findings Using POSE Score
NCT01988779 (5) [back to overview]Change in Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI) Score
NCT01988779 (5) [back to overview]Change in Sino-nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) Score
NCT01988779 (5) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Post-treatment Culture Negativity
NCT02024555 (8) [back to overview]Change in Oxygen Saturation
NCT02024555 (8) [back to overview]Change in Percent Predicted Absolute Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) in Participants With Pulmonary Sarcoidosis, Comparing Baseline With Performance After Completion of 16 Weeks of Therapy.
NCT02024555 (8) [back to overview]Change in the Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ)
NCT02024555 (8) [back to overview]Failure of Standard Therapy
NCT02024555 (8) [back to overview]Abnormal Lab Values
NCT02024555 (8) [back to overview]Adverse Events
NCT02024555 (8) [back to overview]Six Minute Walk, Distance in Meters
NCT02024555 (8) [back to overview]FEV1%
NCT02028754 (7) [back to overview]Results of Schirmer I Test With Anesthetics in the Study Eye
NCT02028754 (7) [back to overview]Subjective Symptom Total Score in the Study Eye
NCT02028754 (7) [back to overview]Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) in the Study Eye
NCT02028754 (7) [back to overview]Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) in the Study Eye
NCT02028754 (7) [back to overview]Fluorescein Staining Score in the Study Eye
NCT02028754 (7) [back to overview]Lissamine Green Staining Score in the Study Eye
NCT02028754 (7) [back to overview]Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) Questionnaire Score in the Study Eye
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (EMA) In The m-MITT Population
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Proportion Of Participants In The Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat (m-MITT) Population Who Achieved Overall Success At The End Of Intravenous Treatment Visit
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Proportion Of Participants In The Microbiological Evaluable (ME) Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication At The TOC Visit
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Proportion Of Participants In The m-MITT Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication At The Test Of Cure Visit
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (FDA) In The ME Population
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Pharmacokinetic (PK) Characterization Of Plasma Exposure Of Meropenem/Vaborbactam
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Proportion Of Participants In The m-MITT Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Proportion Of Participants In The m-MITT Population With Overall Success
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (FDA) In The m-MITT Population
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Proportion Of Participants In The ME Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Proportion Of Participants In The ME Population With Overall Success
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Proportion Of Participants With A Clinical Outcome Of Cure In The Clinical Evaluable (CE) Population
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Proportion Of Participants With A Clinical Outcome Of Cure In The m-MITT Population
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Proportion Of Participants With A Clinical Outcome Of Cure In The ME Population
NCT02166476 (15) [back to overview]Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (EMA) In The ME Population
NCT02409290 (5) [back to overview]STREAM Stage 2 Primary Outcome Measure (the Proportion of Patients With a Favourable Outcome at Week 76)
NCT02409290 (5) [back to overview]Favourable Outcome After Long-term Follow-up (132 Weeks)
NCT02409290 (5) [back to overview]Failure or Recurrence (FoR)
NCT02409290 (5) [back to overview]Failure or Recurrence (FoR)
NCT02409290 (5) [back to overview]Proportion of Patients With Acquired Drug Resistance
NCT02486627 (8) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients With Composite of Microbiological Eradication and Clinical Cure in the ME Population at Day 5
NCT02486627 (8) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients With Composite of Microbiological Eradication and Clinical Cure in the ME Population at TOC
NCT02486627 (8) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients With Composite of Microbiological Eradication and Clinical Cure in the Microbiological Modified ITT (mMITT) Population at Day 5
NCT02486627 (8) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients With Composite of Microbiological Eradication and Clinical Cure in the mMITT Population at Test of Cure (TOC)
NCT02486627 (8) [back to overview]Plasma Pharmacokinetics (PK): Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC 0-24h)
NCT02486627 (8) [back to overview]Percentage of Patients With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)
NCT02486627 (8) [back to overview]Plasma PK: Maximum Observed Plasma Drug Concentration (Cmax)
NCT02486627 (8) [back to overview]Plasma PK: Minimum Observed Plasma Drug Concentration (Cmin)
NCT02547012 (1) [back to overview]Number of Participants in Which H. Pylori Was Eradicated
NCT02596620 (1) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants With Successful Eradication of H. Pylori
NCT02648698 (1) [back to overview]The Conversion Rate of CE (From Positive to Negative)
NCT02800785 (8) [back to overview]Patient-reported Quality of Life as Measured by EuroQol (EQ-5D)
NCT02800785 (8) [back to overview]Number of Participants With at Least One Complications From Treatment
NCT02800785 (8) [back to overview]Number of Clinic Visits or Emergency Room Visits
NCT02800785 (8) [back to overview]Eventual Appendectomy Incidence Proportion
NCT02800785 (8) [back to overview]Rate of Participants With Perforated Appendicitis
NCT02800785 (8) [back to overview]Rates of Participants With Appendiceal Cancer
NCT02800785 (8) [back to overview]Total Number of Patients Who Had Resolution of Appendicitis Symptoms at 30 Days
NCT02800785 (8) [back to overview]Days in Hospital After Index Treatment Within 90 Days
NCT02809131 (2) [back to overview]Number of Patients With a Major Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices (CIED) Infection
NCT02809131 (2) [back to overview]Number of Patients With a Minor Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices (CIED) Infection
NCT02978157 (1) [back to overview]Number of Participants in Which H. Pylori Was Eradicated
NCT03098485 (3) [back to overview]Degree of Microbial Disruption: Number of Patients With Continued Microbial Disruption at 185 Days Post-antibiotics
NCT03098485 (3) [back to overview]Degree of Microbial Disruption: Number of Patients With Increase in Antibiotic Resistance Genes at 185 Days Post-antibiotics
NCT03098485 (3) [back to overview]Degree of Microbial Disruption: Number of Patients With Recovery of Bacterial Species Richness at 185 Days Post-antibiotics
NCT03519516 (10) [back to overview]Breakup Time (BUT)
NCT03519516 (10) [back to overview]Number of Eyes With Foreign Body Sensation (FBS) by Grade
NCT03519516 (10) [back to overview]Number of Eyes With Ocular Pruritus (P) by Grade
NCT03519516 (10) [back to overview]Ocular Burning (OB)
NCT03519516 (10) [back to overview]Percentage of Eyes With Conjunctival Hyperemia (CH) by Grade
NCT03519516 (10) [back to overview]Intraocular Pressure (IOP)
NCT03519516 (10) [back to overview]Number of Adverse Events (EAS)
NCT03519516 (10) [back to overview]Number of Eyes of Chemosis
NCT03519516 (10) [back to overview]Visual Capacity
NCT03519516 (10) [back to overview]Number of Eyes With Epithelial Defects (ED) by Grade
NCT03551210 (10) [back to overview]Time to Switch Therapy From Intravenous to Oral Therapy
NCT03551210 (10) [back to overview]Volume of Distribution at Steady State (Vss) of Nemonoxacin
NCT03551210 (10) [back to overview]Сlearance (CL) of Nemonoxacin
NCT03551210 (10) [back to overview]Nemnoxacin Concentration Changes
NCT03551210 (10) [back to overview]Number of Patients With Clinical Success as Judged by the Investigator
NCT03551210 (10) [back to overview]Area Under the Concentration-time Curve (AUC) of Nemonoxacin
NCT03551210 (10) [back to overview]Number of Patients Required for Other Antibiotic Treatment
NCT03551210 (10) [back to overview]Number of Patients With Microbiological Success
NCT03551210 (10) [back to overview]Number of Patients With Infection Relapse
NCT03551210 (10) [back to overview]Terminal Elimination Half-life (T1/2) of Nemonoxacin
NCT03673956 (3) [back to overview]Subjects Who Developed Antibiotic Resistance Organisms
NCT03673956 (3) [back to overview]Change in Patient Symptoms as Measured by the Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test (SNOT-22) Survey
NCT03673956 (3) [back to overview]Change in Patient Physical Exam as Measured by the Lund-Kennedy Endoscopic Exam Scores.
NCT03697993 (7) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants Reporting Solicited Adverse Events (AEs) by Severity
NCT03697993 (7) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants Reporting Solicited Adverse Events (AEs)
NCT03697993 (7) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants Achieving Treatment Success at Test of Cure (TOC)
NCT03697993 (7) [back to overview]Percentage of Participants Achieving Treatment Success at End of Therapy (EOT)
NCT03697993 (7) [back to overview]Number of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) Among Those Who Received at Least Two Doses of Fosfomyci
NCT03697993 (7) [back to overview]Number of Participants Reporting Solicited Adverse Events (AEs) Grade 2 and Above Among Those Who Received Fosfomycin
NCT03697993 (7) [back to overview]Number of Participants Reporting Unsolicited Adverse Events (AEs) Grade 2 and Above Among Those Who Received Fosfomycin
NCT03739528 (10) [back to overview]Adverse Events
NCT03739528 (10) [back to overview]Burning, Stinging, Blurred Vision
NCT03739528 (10) [back to overview]Global Evaluation of Local Tolerability
NCT03739528 (10) [back to overview]Intraocular Pressure (IOP)
NCT03739528 (10) [back to overview]Total Ocular Symptoms Score (TOSS)
NCT03739528 (10) [back to overview]Visual Acuity
NCT03739528 (10) [back to overview]Conjunctival Hyperemia
NCT03739528 (10) [back to overview]Number of Participants Without Signs of Anterior Ocular Chamber Inflammation
NCT03739528 (10) [back to overview]Ocular Pain/Discomfort: 4-point Scale
NCT03739528 (10) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Endophthalmitis
NCT03740659 (3) [back to overview]Aqueous Humour Concentration of Dexamethasone 21-phosphate
NCT03740659 (3) [back to overview]Aqueous Humour Concentration of Levofloxacin
NCT03740659 (3) [back to overview]Aqueous Humour Concentration of Dexamethasone
NCT03757234 (5) [back to overview]Number of Participants With a Microbiological Response at the PTE Visit (Micro-ITT Population)
NCT03757234 (5) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Resolution of All AP Signs and Clinical Symptoms at PTE Visit (ITT Population)
NCT03757234 (5) [back to overview]Number of Participants With No Worsening and Absence of New AP Signs and Clinical Symptoms at PTE Visit (ITT Population)
NCT03757234 (5) [back to overview]Number of Participants With an Investigator Assessment of Clinical Response at the Post Therapy Evaluation (PTE) Visit (ITT Population)
NCT03757234 (5) [back to overview]Number of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events
NCT04039412 (3) [back to overview]Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events
NCT04039412 (3) [back to overview]Percentage of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Cure
NCT04039412 (3) [back to overview]Rate of Helicobacter Pylori Treatment Completion
NCT05219877 (1) [back to overview]Number of Participant With Urinary Tract Infection

Plasma Concentration of Levofloxacin

A peripheral intravenous catheter will be placed in each arm for drug administration and serial blood sampling. Pre-existing intravenous access will be utilized when possible. Subjects will rest in a supine position while receiving a 750 mg intravenous dose of levofloxacin over 90 minutes. Serial blood samples will be obtained 1.5, 3, 4, 5, 8, 12, and 24 hours after the beginning of administration of levofloxacin. Data will be presented as mean area under the curve +/- standard deviation. (NCT00176306)
Timeframe: 24 hours

Interventionmg/L*hr (Mean)
Levofloxacin Arm76

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Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration/Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (Cmax/MIC)

(NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

Interventionug/ml (Median)
Gatifloxacin 400 mg/Day9.5
Levofloxacin 1000 mg/Day15.6
Moxifloxacin 400 mg/Day12.3
Isoniazid (INH) 300 mg/Day70.6

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Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration (Cmax)

Maximum plasma concentration, given sampling scheme (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

Interventionug/ml (Median)
Gatifloxacin 400 mg/Day4.8
Levofloxacin 1000 mg/Day15.6
Moxifloxacin 400 mg/Day6.1
Isoniazid (INH) 300 mg/Day3.6

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Extended Early Bactericidal Activity (EBA) From Days 2 to 7; Fluoroquinolones/Isoniazid (INH) Comparison

The rate of fall in sputum cfu between day 2 and day 7 of monotherapy was estimated by the slope of the linear regression obtained by fitting the 6 sputum cfu values corresponding to Days 2 through 7. (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 2 to Day 7 Monotherapy

Interventionlog10 cfu/ml/day (Mean)
Gatifloxacin 400 mg/Day0.17
Levofloxacin 1000 mg/Day0.18
Moxifloxacin 400 mg/Day0.17
Isoniazid (INH) 300 mg/Day0.08

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Difference in Sputum Bacillary Loads: Extended Early Bactericidal Activity (EBA) From Days 2 to 7; Linezolid Once Daily/Linezolid Twice Daily/INH Comparison

The rate of fall in sputum cfu between day 2 and day 7 of monotherapy was estimated by the slope of the linear regression obtained by fitting the 6 sputum cfu values corresponding to Days 2 through 7. (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 2 to Day 7 Monotherapy

Interventionlog10 cfu/ml (Mean)
Isoniazid 300 mg/Day0.16
Linezolid 600 mg/Once Daily0.09
Linezolid 600 mg/Twice Daily0.04

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Difference in Sputum Bacillary Loads: Early Bactericidal Activity (EBA) Days 0 to 2; Linezolid Once Daily/Linezolid Twice Daily/Isoniazid (INH) Comparison

Early bactericidal activity (EBA 0-2) was calculated as the rate of fall in sputum cfu (expressed in log10 units) during the first 2 days of monotherapy. Mean values for the 3 treatment groups were compared. (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 0 to Day 2 Monotherapy

Interventionlog10 cfu/ml/day (Mean)
Isoniazid 300 mg/Day0.67
Linezolid 600 mg/Once Daily0.18
Linezolid 600 mg/Twice Daily0.26

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Difference in Sputum Bacillary Loads: Early Bactericidal Activity (EBA) Days 0 to 2; Fluoroquinolones/Isoniazid (INH) Comparison

Early bactericidal activity (EBA 0-2) was calculated as the rate of fall in sputum colony forming units (cfu) (expressed in log10 units) during the first 2 days of monotherapy. (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 0 to Day 2 Monotherapy

Interventionlog10 cfu/ml/day (Mean)
Gatifloxacin 400 mg/Day0.35
Levofloxacin 1000 mg/Day0.45
Moxifloxacin 400 mg/Day0.33
Isoniazid (INH) 300 mg/Day0.67

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Area Under the Curve During First 12 or 24 Hours / Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (AUC/MIC)

Area Under the Curve (AUC) During First 12 or 24 Hours /Minimum Inhibitory Concentration. AUC reflects total drug (bound and unbound). MIC values were determined using protein-containing media. (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

Interventionug/ml (Median)
Gatifloxacin 400 mg/Day85.6
Levofloxacin 1000 mg/Day129.1
Moxifloxacin 400 mg/Day110.5
Isoniazid (INH) 300 mg/Day215.2

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Time to Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration (Tmax) and Half-life

(NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

,,,
Interventionhours (Median)
TmaxHalf-life
Gatifloxacin 400 mg/Day1.56.0
Isoniazid (INH) 300 mg/Day12.5
Levofloxacin 1000 mg/Day1.07.6
Moxifloxacin 400 mg/Day1.08.1

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Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration (Cmax)

Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration (Cmax), given sampling scheme (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

Interventionug/ml (Median)
Isoniazid 300 mg/Day3.3
Linezolid 600 mg/Once Daily15.0
Linezolid 600 mg/Twice Daily19.4

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Time to Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration (Tmax) and Half-life

(NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

,,
Interventionhours (Median)
Tmax in h (apparent time of max plasma conc.)Half-life
Isoniazid 300 mg/Day1.03.6
Linezolid 600 mg/Once Daily1.53.20
Linezolid 600 mg/Twice Daily1.04.56

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Area Under the Curve (AUC) Adjusted for Free Drug Concentrations/Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)

Area Under the Curve 0-12 (AUC 0-12) Adjusted for Free Drug Concentrations/Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and AUC 0-24/MIC (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

,,
Interventionug/h/ml (Median)
AUC 0-12/MICAUC 0-24/MIC
Isoniazid 300 mg/Day306.7344.6
Linezolid 600 mg/Once Daily107.8116.2
Linezolid 600 mg/Twice Daily121.6243.2

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Sputum Bacillary Loads: Adjusted Area Under the Curve (aAUC)

The adjusted area under the curve (aAUC) for sputum colony forming units (cfu) for each day on treatment was calculated. The aAUC represents the percentage of the expected AUC given no change in log cfu in response to study drug administration. (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Study drug administration duration - 7 days monotherapy

,,,
InterventionPercentage (Mean)
Day 1Day 2Day 3Day 4Day 5Day 6Day 7
Gatifloxacin 400 mg/Day0.980.960.920.890.870.850.82
Isoniazid (INH) 300 mg/Day0.950.900.870.840.810.800.80
Levofloxacin 1000 mg/Day0.980.950.910.880.850.830.81
Moxifloxacin 400 mg/Day0.960.940.910.890.870.850.83

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Maximum Plasma Drug Concentrations (Cmax), Adjusted for Free Drug Concentration

Cmax adjusted for free drug concentrations after 5 days of monotherapy with study drugs (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

Interventionug/ml (Median)
Isoniazid 300 mg/Day3.1
Linezolid 600 mg/Once Daily10.3
Linezolid 600 mg/Twice Daily13.4

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Maximum Plasma Drug Concentration/Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (Cmax/MIC) Adjusted for Free Drug Concentrations

(NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

Interventionug/ml (Median)
Isoniazid 300 mg/Day62.7
Linezolid 600 mg/Once Daily20.0
Linezolid 600 mg/Twice Daily16.2

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Area Under the Curve (AUC) During First 12 and 24 Hours Adjusted for Free Drug Concentrations

Median pharmacodynamic parameters (range) adjusted for free drug concentrations. AUC 0-12 and AUC 0-24 = area under the curve during the first 12 and 24 hours after dosing, respectively (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

,,
Interventionug/h/ml (Median)
AUC 0-12AUC 0-24
Isoniazid 300 mg/Day15.317.2
Linezolid 600 mg/Once Daily60.166.8
Linezolid 600 mg/Twice Daily80.3160.7

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Pharmacokinetic Parameters: Area Under the Curve During First 12 and 24 Hours

Median pharmacokinetic parameters (range). AUC 0-12 and AUC 0-24 = area under the curve during the first 12 and 24 hours after dosing, respectively (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

,,
Interventionug/h/ml (Median)
AUC 0-12 (ug/h/ml)AUC 0-24 (ug/h/ml)
Isoniazid 300 mg/Day17.019.2
Linezolid 600 mg/Once Daily87.096.9
Linezolid 600 mg/Twice Daily116.4232.9

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Sputum Bacillary Loads: Adjusted Area Under the Curve (aAUC)

The adjusted area under the curve (aAUC) for sputum colony forming unit (cfu) for each day on treatment was calculated for patients in the INH arm and those in the Linezolid once daily and Linezolid twice daily arms. The aAUC represents the percentage of the expected AUC given no change in log cfu in response to study drug administration. (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Study drug administration duration - 7 days monotherapy

,,
InterventionPercentage (Mean)
Day 1Day 2Day 3Day 4Day 5Day 6Day 7
Isoniazid 300 mg/Day0.940.890.890.850.830.810.83
Linezolid 600 mg/Once Daily0.980.970.960.960.950.950.95
Linezolid 600 mg/Twice Daily0.980.960.950.940.940.930.93

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Percent Dosing Interval Above Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)

Determined by linear extrapolation of concentration-versus-time curve to intersection with MIC. (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

InterventionPercentage (Mean)
Isoniazid (INH) 300 mg/Day95.5
Linezolid 600 mg/Once Daily62.8
Linezolid 600 mg/Twice Daily100.0

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Pharmacokinetic Parameters: Area Under the Curve (AUC) During First 12 and 24 Hours

Area under the curve (AUC), from time 0-12 hours for INH or 0-24 hours for gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin. (NCT00396084)
Timeframe: Day 5 (7 time points)

Interventionug/h/ml (Median)
Gatifloxacin 400 mg/Day42.8
Levofloxacin 1000 mg/Day129.1
Moxifloxacin 400 mg/Day55.3
Isoniazid (INH) 300 mg/Day11.9

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Clinical Success

Defined as cured or improved. Response is based on the resolution of signs and symptoms at post-therapy. (NCT00402688)
Timeframe: Posttherapy Visit (Study Day 33-36)

InterventionParticipants (Number)
Levofloxacin 750mg for 2 Weeks46
Levofloxacin 750mg for 3 Weeks48
Levofloxacin 500mg for 4 Weeks52

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Total NIH-CPSI Score

National Institute of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index numerically rates a total score (0-43) where 0 indicates no symptoms across any of the domains (pain or discomfort, urination, quality of life). (NCT00402688)
Timeframe: Screening/Admission, On-Therapy, Week 3, Week 4, Posttherapy (Study Day 33-36)

,,
InterventionScore on a scale (Mean)
Screening/Admission (n=73, 74, 75)On-Therapy (n=70, 70, 73)Week 3 (Visit 2) (n=62, 65, 68)Week 4 (Visit 3) (n=53, 57, 61)Posttherapy (Visit 4) (n=70, 71, 71)
Levofloxacin 500mg for 4 Weeks12.96.95.64.54.6
Levofloxacin 750mg for 2 Weeks11.87.26.55.15.4
Levofloxacin 750mg for 3 Weeks12.06.66.54.95.0

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Clinical Success (Non-Relapse) or Failure (Relapse)

Number of Clinical Successes or Failures at the 6-month Poststudy Telephone Contact For Participants Cured/Improved at the Posttherapy Visit (NCT00402688)
Timeframe: Poststudy Telephone Contact at 6 Months

,,
InterventionParticipants (Number)
Clinical SuccessFailureUnable to EvaluateMissing
Levofloxacin 500mg for 4 Weeks316114
Levofloxacin 750mg for 2 Weeks1910116
Levofloxacin 750mg for 3 Weeks194124

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Clinical Success (Non-Relapse) or Failure (Relapse)

Number of Clinical Successes or Failures at the 6-Week Poststudy Telephone Contact for Participants Cured/Improved at the Posttherapy Visit (NCT00402688)
Timeframe: Poststudy Telephone contact at 6 weeks

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Clinical SuccessFailureUnable to EvaluateMissing
Levofloxacin 500mg for 4 Weeks44512
Levofloxacin 750mg for 2 Weeks38305
Levofloxacin 750mg for 3 Weeks321213

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Symptom Relief (Resolved)

Participants With Resolution of Prostatitis Signs and Symptoms; Resolution is defined as symptoms present (mild, moderate or severe) at Screening/Admission and absent (none) at the Posttherapy evaluation. (NCT00402688)
Timeframe: Posttherapy Visit (Study Day 33-36)

,,
InterventionParticipants (Number)
Dysuria (n=35, 43, 42)Suprapubic discomfort (n=41, 36, 45)Painful ejaculation (n=32, 39, 34)Low back pain (n=43, 44, 44)Perineal discomfort (n=40, 42, 50)Frequency (n=58, 63, 62)Urgency (n=48, 52, 58)Hesitancy (n=37, 39, 54)Decreased urinary stream (n=50, 47, 52)Urinary retention (n=24, 26, 27)Pain on digital rectal examination (n=60, 59, 61)Perineal tenderness or pain (n=44, 38, 43)Chills (n=4, 5, 7)Other (n=5, 8, 8)Fever (n=3, 2, 1)
Levofloxacin 500mg for 4 Weeks273020262930353830174228751
Levofloxacin 750mg for 2 Weeks232417202029201924133028312
Levofloxacin 750mg for 3 Weeks291923221924281621133024352

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Clinical Success (Non-Relapse) or Failure (Relapse)

Number of Clinical Successes or Failures at 3 Month Poststudy Telephone Contact for Participants Cured/Improved at the Posttherapy Visit (NCT00402688)
Timeframe: Poststudy Telephone contact at 3 Months

,,
InterventionParticipants (Number)
Clinical SuccessFailureUnable to EvaluateMissing
Levofloxacin 500mg for 4 Weeks38419
Levofloxacin 750mg for 2 Weeks30808
Levofloxacin 750mg for 3 Weeks246117

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Clinical Response 7 to 14 Days After Completion of Study Drug Therapy in Per Protocol (PP) Population

Clinical cure was defined as: Reduction of the tenderness score (modified McCormack) by > 70% and apyrexia (rectal/tympanic/oral temperature value < 38.0°C or axillary temperature value < 37.5°C) and white blood cell count < 10,500/mm^3. (NCT00453349)
Timeframe: 7 - 14 days after completion of study drug therapy

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Clinical cureClinical non-success
Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole15535
Moxifloxacin15242

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Clinical Response 7 to 14 Days After Completion of Study Drug Therapy on Intent To Treat (ITT) Population

"For any subject in the ITT population also valid for the PP analysis, same clinical response as in the PP analysis was applied to the ITT analysis. For those subjects in the ITT population invalid for the PP analysis, any clinical response different from clinical cure was set to non-success." (NCT00453349)
Timeframe: 7 - 14 days after completion of study drug therapy

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Clinical cureClinical non-success
Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole17159
Moxifloxacin16362

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Number of Subjects Who Received Alternative Medicine

As alternative medicine any systemic antibacterial medication was considered. (NCT00453349)
Timeframe: Up to 42 days after end of treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Receiving alternative medicineNot receiving alternative medicine
Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole1189
Moxifloxacin4190

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Bacteriological Response at Follow-up Visit in Intent To Treat Population With Causative Organism

Subjects with at least one causative organism identified in the pre-therapy culture or a positive pre-therapy PCR result and an appropriate post-therapy bacteriological evaluation available were analyzed. Bacteriological responses at follow-up visit was analyzed exploratively in the same way as the primary efficacy variable. (NCT00453349)
Timeframe: 28 - 42 days after completion of study drug therapy

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
EradicationEradication with recurrence, persistence
Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole2311
Moxifloxacin2313

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Bacteriological Response at Follow-up Visit Microbiologically Valid

Subjects with at least one causative organism identified in the pre-therapy culture or a positive pre-therapy PCR result and an appropriate post-therapy bacteriological evaluation available were analyzed. Bacteriological responses at follow-up visit was analyzed exploratively in the same way as the primary efficacy variable. (NCT00453349)
Timeframe: 28 - 42 days after completion of study drug therapy

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
EradicationEradication with recurrence, persistence
Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole224
Moxifloxacin235

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Bacteriological Response at Test Of Cure (TOC) Visit in Intent To Treat Population With Causative Organism

Bacteriological response at the TOC was analyzed exploratively in the same way as the primary efficacy variable based on the subgroup of microbiologically valid subjects. At the TOC visit, eradication was considered a bacteriological success, and persistence, presumed persistence and superinfection were considered bacteriological failures. (NCT00453349)
Timeframe: 7 - 14 days at TOC visit

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
EradicationPersistence, indeterminate, missing
Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole259
Moxifloxacin288

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Bacteriological Response at Test Of Cure (TOC) Visit Microbiologically Valid

The bacteriological responses was based on the results of appropriate cultures taken before and, if necessary, during treatment, at the TOC visit and within the follow-up period. Bacteriological response at the TOC visit would also be based on repeated PCR tests for N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis. (NCT00453349)
Timeframe: 7 - 14 days at TOC visit

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
EradicationPersistence
Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole224
Moxifloxacin273

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Clinical Response on Treatment for Per Protocol Population

At the During Therapy (Day 4 to 7) assessment, the clinical response was graded as clinical Improvement (severity score reduced by >30% with improvement in temperature, clinical failure (reduction in severity score of < or equal 30% and/or no improvement in temperature) or indeterminate (clinical assessment not possible to determine). (NCT00453349)
Timeframe: 4 - 7 days after start of therapy

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Clinical ImprovementClinical failure
Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole1815
Moxifloxacin17711

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Clinical Response on Treatment for Intent To Treat Population

Clinical response during treatment was analyzed exploratively in the same way as the primary efficacy variable. At the During Therapy (Day 4 to 7) assessment, the clinical response was graded as clinical Improvement, clinical failure or indeterminate accordingly. Clinical improvement was considered success, all other outcomes as non-success. (NCT00453349)
Timeframe: 4 - 7 days after start of therapy

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Clinical improvementFailure, indeterminate, missing
Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole17060
Moxifloxacin16659

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Clinical Response at Follow-up Visit on Per Protocol Population

Clinical response at follow up was analyzed exploratively in the same way as the primary efficacy variable. At Follow-up, the clinical response was graded as continued cure, clinical relapse, or indeterminate, of which only continued cure was considered success. Failures from end of treatment were carried forward. (NCT00453349)
Timeframe: 28 - 42 days after completion of study drug therapy

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Continued clinical cureContinued failure, clinical recurrence/relapse
Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole15822
Moxifloxacin15727

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Clinical Response at Follow-up Visit on Intent To Treat Population

"All successfully treated subjects and subjects evaluated asindeterminate at TOC, who were not administered an additional antibiotic therapy would have their clinical response rate assessed at the follow-up visit. Patients with missing or indeterminate outcome were treated as non-successes." (NCT00453349)
Timeframe: 28 - 42 days after completion of study drug therapy

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Continued clinical cureFailure, relapse, indeterminate, missing
Levofloxacin Plus Metronidazole17060
Moxifloxacin16659

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Number of Participants With Complete Wound Closure by Each Visit

(NCT00593567)
Timeframe: At each timepoint Day 3, 7, 14 & 21

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Visit 2 Day 3Visit 3 Day 7Visit 4 Day 14Visit 5 Day 21
Gentamicin Sponge0234
Levofloxacin0022

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"Number of Participants With a Clinical Outcome of Clinical Cure"

"Number of Participants with a clinical outcome of clinical cure at final visit. Clinical Cure is defined as positive clinical response and with pathogen eradication." (NCT00593567)
Timeframe: Final Study Visit (Day 21 [or 28 or 35])

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Gentamicin Sponge14
Levofloxacin7

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Time to Baseline Pathogen Eradication

(NCT00593567)
Timeframe: assessed at each time point on days 7, 14, 21, time to pathogen eradication from baseline up to day 21 reported

InterventionDays (Median)
Gentamicin Sponge7.0
Levofloxacin14.5

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Time to Clinical Cure

Time to Clinical Cure is measured by days to the first observed cure. Clinical Cure is defined as positive clinical response and with pathogen eradication. (NCT00593567)
Timeframe: Actual time assessed (Day 1, 3, 7 [14 and 21 if necessary] and Day 21 [or 28 or 35])

InterventionDays (Median)
Gentamicin Sponge22.0
LevofloxacinNA

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Time to Pathogen Eradication

Time to Baseline Pathogen Eradication summed (NCT00593567)
Timeframe: Actual time assessed (Day 1-21

InterventionDays (Median)
Gentamicin Sponge7.0
Levofloxacin14.5

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Time to Positive Clinical Response

(NCT00593567)
Timeframe: (Day 1, 3, 7 [14 and 21 if necessary] and Day 21 [or 28 or 35])

InterventionDays (Median)
Gentamicin Sponge2.0
Levofloxacin3.0

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"Number of Participants With a Clinical Outcome of Clinical Cure in Each Treatment Group"

"Number of participants with a clinical outcome of clinical cure in each treatment group at/by each time point (except the Final Study Visit). Clinical Cure is defined as positive clinical response and with pathogen eradication." (NCT00593567)
Timeframe: Each time point (Day 3, 7 [14 and 21 if necessary])

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Visit 2 Day 3Visit 3 Day 7Visit 4 Day 14Visit 5 Day 21Final Study Visit
Gentamicin Sponge044814
Levofloxacin00607

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Intradialytic Clearance of Levofloxacin, Gentamicin and Vancomycin in Patients Receiving Short-daily Hemodialysis

"The intradialytic clearance of levofloxacin, gentamicin and vancomycin will be determined in patients receiving short-daily hemodialysis.~(Of important note, due to technical issues the levofloxacin data was not able to be used for the analysis. Only the gentamicin and vancomycin data was analyzed.)" (NCT00596167)
Timeframe: Serum concentrations for each drug will be determined from blood samples at 0 (pre-infusion), 30, 60 minutes (end of infusion).

Interventionml/min (Median)
Intravenous antibiotic (vancomycin)Intravenous antibiotic (gentamicin)
Intravenous Antibiotic (Vancomycin)7.27.6

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Number of Participants With a Positive Clinical Response at Each Time Point

"Number of patients with positive clinical response, defined as those with a clinical outcome of clinical cure or clinical improvement in each treatment group at/by each time point" (NCT00659646)
Timeframe: Day 3, 7, 10,14, 21, 28 and 42

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Visit 2 Day 3Visit 3 Day 7Visit 4 Day 10Visit 5 Day 14Visit 6 Day 21Visit 7 Day 28Final Study Visit Day 42
Gentamicin Sponge24262524141022
Levofloxacin910763310

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Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for Pain Assessment

"Measured on a Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAS) with the lowest possible value of 0 and highest 100 (0 - 100) at each time point. A lower score is better which means the patient experience lower pain. The score is calculated using the number of hours * the VAS score. This represents the AUC (Area Under the Curve) of the pain intensities when calculated with the trapezoidal rule. For each measure outcome - the minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 100* the number of hours in that period." (NCT00659646)
Timeframe: Day 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28 & 42

,
Interventionscore on a scale*days (Mean)
Visit 1 Day 1Visit 2 Day 3Visit 3 Day 7Visit 4 Day 10Visit 5 Day 14Visit 6 Day 21Visit 7 Day 28Final Study Visit Day42
Gentamicin Sponge39.227.617.517.213.322.914.317.3
No Sponge26.318.712.613.613.214.39.32.3

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Number of Participants With Pathogen Eradication by Visit

(NCT00659646)
Timeframe: Day 3, 7, 10, 14, 21 & 28

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Visit 2 Day 3Visit 3 Day 7Visit 4 Day 10Visit 5 Day 14Visit 6 Day 21Visit 7 Day 28
Gentamicin Sponge20242318125
No Sponge122200

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Lipsky Wound Score

"The Lipsky wound scoring scale consists of scoring categories for purulent drainage, non-purulent drainage, erythema, induration, tenderness, pain, local warmth and wound measurements. This wound scoring system allows us to take the size and depth of the wound into consideration as well as all signs and symptoms of inflammation and infection. A quantitative score that assess wounds both at baseline and during therapy to compare wound scores over time. The higher the score the worse the inflammation and/or infection is. The Lowest score possible is 3 and the highest score possible is 64." (NCT00659646)
Timeframe: Days 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 42

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Visit 1 Day 1Visit 2 Day 3Visit 3 Day 7Visit 4 Day 10Visit 5 Day 14Visit 6 Day 21Visit 7 Day 28Final Study Visit Day 42
Gentamicin Sponge17.6713.5810.799.178.367.295.106.18
No Sponge13.10117.608.295.334.333.674.80

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Change From Baseline in Total Wound Surface Area Measured in cm^2

Wound Surface Area was measured in cm² Actual Values Total wound surface area was compared across treatments using 2-sample t-tests. Wound tracings were obtained at study visits by trained study personnel who were blinded to the patient data and regimen. A centralized imaging facility provided both wound perimeter and area measurements. (NCT00659646)
Timeframe: Day 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28 & 42

,
Interventioncm^2 (Mean)
Visit 1 Day 1Visit 2 Day 3Visit 3 Day 7Visit 4 Day 10Visit 5 Day 14Visit 6 Day 21Visit 7 Day 28Final Study Visit Day 42
Gentamicin Sponge5.114.504.474.314.142.932.673.73
No Sponge1.24.92.761.140.951.93.64

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Time to Clinical Cure

clinical cure is defined as having a positive clinical response and with pathogen eradication (NCT00659646)
Timeframe: Days 1 through 49

InterventionDays (Mean)
Gentamicin Sponge21
No Sponge14

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Number of Participants With a Clinical Cure at Visit 3 (Day 7)

Number of participants with a clinical cure in each treatment group at Visit 3 (Day 7). Clinical Cure is defined as positive clinical response and with pathogen eradication. (NCT00659646)
Timeframe: Day 7 of treatment

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Gentamicin Sponge0
Levofloxacin3

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Number of Participants With a Clinical Cure at Each Visit Except Visit 3 (Day 7)

clinical cure is defined as having a positive clinical response and with pathogen eradication (NCT00659646)
Timeframe: Day 3, 10, 14, 21, 28 & 42

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Visit 2 Day 3Visit 4 Day 10Visit 5 Day 14Visit 6 Day 21Visit 7 Day 28Final Visit Day 42
Gentamicin Sponge01104922
No Sponge003017

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Change in FEV1 Percent Predicted

Change in the predicted percent of air the patient could exhale in one second (NCT00677365)
Timeframe: from baseline to the end of the treatment 28-day treatment period (28 days)

InterventionPercent (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-2.39
MP-376 120 mg QD1.96
MP-376 240 mg QD3.10
MP-376 240 mg BID8.55

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Changes in Respiratory Domain Scores of Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire - Revised (CFQ-R)

Change in the score from 0 to 100 that a patient reports for their respiratory symptoms in the CFQ-R. An increase in score illustrates an improvement in symptoms. An increase of 4 or more is considered clinically significant (NCT00677365)
Timeframe: from baseline to the end of the 28-day treatment period (28 days)

Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-0.44
MP-376 120 mg QD2.00
MP-376 240 mg QD0.31
MP-376 240 mg BID4.06

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Time to Administration of Other Anti-pseudomonal Antimicrobials

Time to administration of other anti-pseudomonal antimicrobials in patients with at least one of the following: decreased exercise tolerance, increased cough, increased sputum/chest congestion, or decreased appetite; 25th percentile data reported (NCT00677365)
Timeframe: from baseline until final study visit (up to 56 days)

Interventiondays (Mean)
Placebo31
MP-376 120 mg QDNA
MP-376 240 mg QD56
MP-376 240 mg BID59

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Changes in Susceptability Patterns of Isolated Organisms

All isolates of P. aeruginosa cultures grown from patient sputum samples were evaluated to see whether the minimum concentration of levofloxacin needed to inhibit growth of the bacteria (i.e., minimum inhibitory concentration; MIC) had increased; 2. The MIC50 and MIC90 values were calculated as the 50th percentile value and the 90th percentile value, respectively. Note that percentile values between dilution values were rounded up to the nearest dilution value (NCT00677365)
Timeframe: from baseline until the end of the 28-day treatment period (28 days)

,,,
Interventionug/mL (Number)
Baseline Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)50Day 28 MIC for 50% (MIC50)Baseline MIC for 90% (MIC90)Day 28 MIC90
MP-376 120 mg QD443216
MP-376 240 mg BID441632
MP-376 240 mg QD441616
Placebo44168

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Percent Change in Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1)

Percent change in the amount of air the patient could exhale in 1 second (NCT00677365)
Timeframe: from baseline to end of the 28-day treatment period (28 days)

InterventionPercent change (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo-2.36
MP-376 120 mg QD1.93
MP-376 240 mg QD2.56
MP-376 240 mg BID6.25

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Change in P. Aeruginosa Density

Patients were required to cough deeply and then spit sputum into a sterile container. The bacteria contained in the sputum sample was incubated in a laboratory and the number of P. aeruginosa colony forming units per gram of sputum (CFU/g) was determined. The difference in CFUs/g were then compared from baseline to the conclusion of the 28 day treatment period (NCT00677365)
Timeframe: from baseline to end of treatment (28 days)

Interventionlog10 CFU/g sputum (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo0.23
MP-376 120 mg QD-0.31
MP-376 240 mg QD-0.31
MP-376 240 mg BID-0.73

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Duration of Acute Exacerbation

From the beginning of antibiotics and/or systemic corticosteroids to the end of antibiotics and/or systemic corticosteroids, whichever was longer, for treatment of the first acute exacerbation (NCT00739648)
Timeframe: from randomization to the patient's final study visit (up to 12 months)

InterventionDays (Mean)
Placebo12.9
MP-376 240 mg BID11.6

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Exacerbation Rate

The number of acute exacerbations per patient-year of study participation, where an acute exacerbation was defined as a deterioration in respiratory symptoms that required treatment with antibiotics, corticosteroids, hospitalization or a combination of those treatments. (NCT00739648)
Timeframe: From randomization to the patients final study visit (up to 12 months)

Interventionexacerbation per patient year (Mean)
Placebo1.20
MP-376 240 mg BID1.31

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Percent Change in Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1)

The percent change in the amount of air a patient can exhale in 1 second (NCT00739648)
Timeframe: from baseline to the conclusion of the fourth 28-day treatment cycle (4 months)

InterventionPercent (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo14.76
MP-376 240 mg BID2.42

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Percent Change in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)

The percent change in the amount of air a patient can inhale (NCT00739648)
Timeframe: from baseline to the conclusion of the fourth 28-day treatment cycle (4 months)

InterventionPercent (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo14.46
MP-376 240 mg BID-0.77

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Number of Participants With Treatment Failure by 90 Days Assignment

In the etanercept group 16/40 (40%) failed treatment compared with 12/38 (32%) in the prednisone group. (NCT00789997)
Timeframe: Day 0 to Day 90

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Etanercept16
Prednisone12

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Change in Lung Function (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1)

"FEV1 was obtained using calibrated spirometers at approximately the same time of day at all visits throughout the study. The highest acceptable FEV1 and the highest FVC measurement each obtained on any of three blows (even if not from the same curve) meeting the American Thoracic Society criteria constituted the data for that test set.~Not all participants had Day 14 FEV1 measures collected" (NCT00789997)
Timeframe: Day 0 to Day 14

Interventionpercentage of change in FEV1 (Mean)
Etanercept15.2
Prednisone20.1

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Number of Patients With >50% Reduction in BK Virus Copies

Number of patients with >50% reduction in BK viral load at 6 months (NCT01034176)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Levofloxacin15
Placebo13

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Percent Change From Baseline in BK Virus Copies at 3 Months

Percent change in BK virus copies/mL from Baseline to 3 months (NCT01034176)
Timeframe: Baseline and 3 months

InterventionPercent change of BK virus copies (Median)
Levofloxacin70.3
Placebo69.1

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Change in Lesion Size at the Completion of Antibiotic Therapy, Measured on a Continuous Scale; Change Will be Determined by Change in Diameter of the Lesions

(NCT01074554)
Timeframe: Baseline to 8 weeks

Interventionmm (Median)
Antibiotic Regimen-8.4
Placebo Regimen0.07

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Change in Modified Sarcoidosis Activity and Severity Index (SASI) at Completion of Therapy.

Characterization of lesion severity was conducted using Modified Sarcoidosis Activity and Severity Index (SASI), measuring erythema, induration and desquamation. The modification was that the same scale was applied to any part of the body, instead of the face alone. The scale range is 0 (no problem) to 72 (very severe). (NCT01074554)
Timeframe: Baseline to 8 weeks

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Antibiotic Regimen-2.9
Placebo Regimen-0.6

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Granuloma Burden

Number of patients with a decrease in Granuloma Burden (only in those patients having granulomas present at baseline biopsy) (NCT01074554)
Timeframe: Baseline to 8 weeks

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Antibiotic Regimen7
Placebo Regimen0

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Percentage of Patients Who Attained Microbiological Eradication (MBE) at the Test of Cure (TOC) Visit in the Microbiological Intent to Treat (MITT) Population

MBE was defined as documented eradication of all isolated pathogens. This was based on a urine culture, taken at the TOC visit that showed that all pathogens isolated at baseline at ≥10^5 colony forming unit(s) per milliliter (CFU/mL) were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to TOC (Day 12)

Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)50
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)60.8
Levofloxacin58.6

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Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the TOC Visit in the Microbiologically Evaluable (ME) Population

MBE was defined as documented eradication of all isolated pathogens. This was based on a urine culture, taken at the TOC visit that showed that all pathogens isolated at baseline at ≥10^5 CFU/mL were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to TOC (Day 12)

Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)85.7
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)88.6
Levofloxacin81.0

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Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the EOT Visit in the MITT Population

MBE was defined as documented eradication of all isolated pathogens. This was based on a urine culture, taken at the EOT visit that showed that all pathogens isolated at baseline at ≥10^5 CFU/mL were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to EOT (Day 5)

Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)83.3
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)74.5
Levofloxacin72.4

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Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the EOT Visit in the ME Population

MBE was defined as documented eradication of all isolated pathogens. This was based on a urine culture, taken at the EOT visit that showed that all pathogens isolated at baseline at ≥10^5 CFU/mL were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to EOT (Day 5)

Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)85.7
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)82.9
Levofloxacin76.2

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Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the TOC Visit in the ME Population Stratified by Infection Category

MBE was defined as documented eradication of all isolated pathogens. This was based on a urine culture, taken at the TOC visit that showed that all pathogens isolated at baseline at ≥10^5 CFU/mL were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to TOC (Day 12)

Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Acute pyelonephritis, eradicationComplicated Lower UTI, eradicationcUTI without indwelling catheter, eradication
Levofloxacin8083.383.3

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Time (Days) to Clinical Cure Based on Investigator's and Sponsor's Assessments in the MITT Population

"Investigator's assessment criteria defined Clinical Cure as a resolution of baseline clinical signs and symptoms of infection through the TOC visit.~The Sponsor's assessment criteria was programmatically based on the investigator's assessment of participant clinical outcome, the number of days and doses of drug received and whether an antibiotic was administered." (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to End of Study (Day 40)

,,
Interventiondays (Mean)
Investigator's AssessmentSponsor's Assessment
Levofloxacin7.67.4
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)9.59.5
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)7.07.0

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Percentage of Patients With a Superinfection or New Infection in the ME Population

Superinfections are defined as a pathogen other than the one at baseline found in urine at ≥10^5 CFU/mL any time after the first infusion through EOT. New infections are defined as a pathogen other than the one at baseline found in urine at ≥10^5 CFU/mL any time after EOT. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to to End of Study (Day 40)

,,
Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
SuperinfectionNew infection
Levofloxacin04.8
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)28.60
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)8.62.9

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Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the TOC Visit in the ME Population Stratified by Infection Category

MBE was defined as documented eradication of all isolated pathogens. This was based on a urine culture, taken at the TOC visit that showed that all pathogens isolated at baseline at ≥10^5 CFU/mL were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to TOC (Day 12)

,
Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Acute pyelonephritis, eradicationComplicated Lower UTI, eradicationcUTI with indwelling catheter, eradicationcUTI without indwelling catheter, eradication
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)10080.00100
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)88.988.27592.3

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Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the TOC Visit in the ME Population by Country/Region

MBE was defined as documented eradication of all isolated pathogens. This was based on a urine culture, taken at the TOC visit that showed that all pathogens isolated at baseline at ≥10^5 CFU/mL were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to TOC (Day 12)

,,
Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
India, eradicatonLatin America, eradicationNorth America, eradication
Levofloxacin010090
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)66.7100100
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)66.710088.9

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Percentage of Patients Who Attained MBE at the TOC Visit in the ME Population by Baseline Pathogen

MBE was defined as documented eradication of all isolated pathogens. This was based on a urine culture, taken at the TOC visit that showed that all pathogens isolated at baseline at ≥10^5 CFU/mL were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to TOC (Day 12)

,,
Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Gram-positive bacteria (aerobes), eradicationGram-negative bacteria (aerobes), eradication
Levofloxacin10080.0
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)10083.3
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)10087.5

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Percentage of Patients Experiencing a Clinical Relapse or Microbiological Recurrence in the ME Population

Patients who had a clinical relapse (defined as the return of clinical signs and symptoms requiring antibiotic therapy) or microbiological recurrence (defined as eradication of the original pathogen[s] at the TOC visit but regrowth at the level >10^5 CFU/mL by the LTFU [long term follow up] visit). (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to LTFU (Day 40)

,,
Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Clinical RelapseMicrobiological Recurrence
Levofloxacin6.323.5
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)00
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)14.36.5

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Time (Days) to Resolution of Signs and Symptoms of cUTI and AP in the MITT Population

Resolution of clinical signs and symptoms is defined as absence of all signs and symptoms present at baseline. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to End of Study (Day 40)

Interventiondays (Mean)
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)11.8
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)10.7
Levofloxacin13.3

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Time (Days) to Defervescense in the MITT Population

Defervescence is defined as the absence of fever <37.7 degrees Celsius and is assessed in patients who were afebrile at baseline. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to End of Study (Day 40)

Interventiondays (Mean)
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)1.0
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)2.1
Levofloxacin2.0

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Percentage of Patients With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE)

An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence associated with the use of a drug in humans, whether or not it is considered to be drug related. An AE (also referred to as an adverse experience) can be any unfavorable and unintended sign (eg, an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a drug, and it does not imply any judgment about causality. Adverse events also include the exacerbation or worsening of a condition present at screening other than the index infection for which the patient was enrolled in the study. A TEAE is any AE that newly appeared, increased in frequency, or worsened in severity following initiation of study drug. (NCT01096849)
Timeframe: Day 1 to the end of study (Day 40)

Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Plazomicin (10 mg/kg)31.8
Plazomicin (15 mg/kg)35.1
Levofloxacin47.7

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Change in Absolute FVC From Baseline to Post Completion of 8 Weeks of Antibiotic Therapy.

The primary endpoint was improvement in absolute FVC from baseline to completion of therapy. Spirometry testing was performed using a standardized calibrated laptop spirometer, Flowscreen II USA Spirometer (VIASYS Healthcare Inc., Yorba Linda, CA). The volume accuracy of the spirometer was checked daily using a three liter calibration syringe. Each subject was given at least three attempts and the greatest measurement for absolute FVC and Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1) at baseline, four week, and eight week assessments was recorded. (NCT01169038)
Timeframe: 8 weeks

Interventionliters (Mean)
Antibiotics2.61

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The Percentage of Subjects Who Have Both a Per-subject Microbiological Outcome of Eradication and a Clinical Outcome of Cure at the TOC Visit in the Microbiologically Evaluable (ME) Population.

(NCT01345929)
Timeframe: Test of Cure Visit (7 Days [± 2 days] after completion of study drug administration)

Interventionpercentage of subjects (Number)
CXA-201 as Treatment for cUTI83.3
Levofloxacin as Treatment for cUTI75.4

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The Percentage of Subjects Who Have Both a Per-subject Microbiological Outcome of Eradication and a Clinical Outcome of Cure at the Test of Cure (TOC) Visit in the Microbiological Modified ITT (mMITT) Population

(NCT01345929)
Timeframe: Test of Cure Visit (7 Days [± 2 days] after completion of study drug administration)

Interventionpercentage of subjects (Number)
CXA-201 as Treatment for cUTI76.9
Levofloxacin as Treatment for cUTI68.4

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Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Incidence of Musculoskeletal Adverse Events Including Tendinopathy (Tendonitis and Tendon Rupture) Between Arms

Musculoskeletal conditions included at least one occurrence of arthralgia, arthritis, gait abnormality or tendinopathy. (NCT01371656)
Timeframe: Enrollment, 2 months and 12 months post infection observation period

,
InterventionPercentage of patients (Number)
Evaluable AL and HSCT Patients at BaselineEvaluable AL and HSCT Patients at 2 MonthsEvaluable AL and HSCT Patients at 12 Months
Arm I (Levofloxacin)5.911.410.1
Arm II (Standard of Care)1016.314.4

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Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Bacteremia Incidence Between Levofloxacin vs. No Prophylaxis Arms

A bacteremia incidence is defined as an occurrence of at least 1 episode of true (centrally reviewed) bacteremia among Acute Leukemia (AL) and Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients. (NCT01371656)
Timeframe: Up to 60 days after enrollment or receiving levofloxacin

,
InterventionPercentage of patients (Number)
Evaluable AL patientsEvaluable HSCT patients
Arm I (Levofloxacin)21.911
Arm II (Standard of Care)43.417.3

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Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Antibiotic Exposures Between Arms

Exposure to antibiotics was considered during the infection observation period(s) was defined a priori as follows: Gram positive agents = vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin or quinupristin/dalfopristin; Aminoglycosides = amikacin, gentamicin or tobramycin; Third or fourth generation cephalosporins = cefepime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone or cefotaxime; Empiric antibiotics for fever and neutropenia = imipenem, meropenem, cefepime, ceftazidime or piperacillin/tazobactam (NCT01371656)
Timeframe: Up to 60 days after enrollment or receiving levofloxacin

,
InterventionPercentage of patients (Number)
Gram positive agentsAminoglycosidesThird or fourth generation cephalosporinsEmpiric antibiotics for fever and neutropenia
Arm I (Levofloxacin)58.822.946.168.6
Arm II (Standard of Care)65.835.559.985.7

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Comparison of the Percentage of Patients That Died Due to Bacterial Infection Between Arms

(NCT01371656)
Timeframe: Up to 60 days after enrollment or receiving levofloxacin

InterventionPercentage of patients (Number)
Arm I (Levofloxacin)0
Arm II (Standard of Care)0

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Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Severe Infection Between Arms

Severe infection defined as any grade 4 or 5 CTCAE catheter-related infection, enterocolitis, lung infection, sepsis, small intestine infection and other infections or infestations (NCT01371656)
Timeframe: Up to 60 days after enrollment or receiving levofloxacin

InterventionPercentage of patients (Number)
Arm I (Levofloxacin)3.6
Arm II (Standard of Care)5.9

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Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Incidence of Fever and Febrile Neutropenia Between Arms

Fever and febrile neutropenia defined as Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) < 1000/mm3 with a single temperature of >38.3 degrees C (101 degrees F) or a sustained temperature of >= 38 degrees C (100.4 degrees F) for more than one hour. (NCT01371656)
Timeframe: Up to 60 days after enrollment or receiving levofloxacin

InterventionPercentage of patients (Number)
Arm I (Levofloxacin)71.2
Arm II (Standard of Care)82.1

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Comparison of the Percentage of Patients Having Incidence of CDAD Between Arms

Clostridium Difficile Associated Disease (CDAD) is defined as a positive C. difficile toxin assay result and diarrhea, CTCAE version 4, grade 2 and higher. (NCT01371656)
Timeframe: Up to 60 days after enrollment or receiving levofloxacin

InterventionPercentage of patients (Number)
Arm I (Levofloxacin)2.3
Arm II (Standard of Care)5.2

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Mean (SD) Ceftaroline and Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetic Volume of Distribution Parameter in Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia Patients

To determine the serum pharmacokinetic volume of distribution of ceftaroline and levofloxacin in community-acquired bacterial pneumonia patients. We obtained blood at 2, 6 and 12 hours after at least 2 days of treatment and a 1-hr antibiotic infusion and measured these levels (mg/L)by LC/MS/MS assay. (NCT01524302)
Timeframe: 2, 6 and 12 hours after at least 2 days of treatment and a 1-hr antibiotic infusion

InterventionLiters (Mean)
Levofloxacin92
Ceftaroline20.6

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Mean (SD) Doripenem Pharmacokinetic (PK) Area Under Serum Curve (mg*h/L) Parameter in Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia Patients.

To determine the serum pharmacokinetic Area Under Serum Curve parameter of ceftaroline and levofloxacin in community-acquired bacterial pneumonia patients. We obtained blood at 2, 6 and 12 hours after at least 2 days of treatment and a 1-hr antibiotic infusion and measured these levels (mg/L)by LC/MS/MS assay. (NCT01524302)
Timeframe: 2, 6 and 12 hours after at least 2 days of treatment and a 1-hr antibiotic infusion

Interventionmg*hr/L (Mean)
Levofloxacin87
Ceftaroline90

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Mean (SD) Doripenem Pharmacokinetic (PK) Clearance of Drug Parameter in Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia Patients

To determine the serum pharmacokinetic clearance of drug parameter of ceftaroline and levofloxacin in community-acquired bacterial pneumonia patients. We obtained blood at 2, 6 and 12 hours after at least 2 days of treatment and a 1-hr antibiotic infusion and measured these levels (mg/L)by LC/MS/MS assay. (NCT01524302)
Timeframe: 2, 6 and 12 hours after at least 2 days of treatment and a 1-hr antibiotic infusion

Interventionliters per hour (Mean)
Levofloxacin9.4
Ceftaroline7.3

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Serum Cidal Activity as Tested Against Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates and Reported as Ex-vivo Effect (Log Inhibition of Growth)

"Serum cidal activity of serum collected at 2 hour (levofloxacin) and 12 hour (ceftaroline) time points from the patients was tested against methyicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus isolates and the ex-vivo effect reported as log inhibition (logrithmic measurement of the decrease in microbiological growth).~These staphylococcus aureus isolates had a range of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) to Levofloxacin, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 and the MIC's to Ceftaroline were 0.125, 0.19, 0.094, 0.094, respectively." (NCT01524302)
Timeframe: 2 hour (levofloxacin) and 12 hour (ceftaroline) after receiving the drug

,,,
InterventionLog inhibition (Number)
LevofloxacinCeftaroline
Log Inhibition of 0.5mg/L MIC Levofloxacin23
Log Inhibition of 1.0mg/L MIC Levofloxacin45
Log Inhibition of 2.0mg/L MIC Levofloxacin13
Log Inhibition of 4.0mg/L MIC Levofloxacin13

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Mean (SD) Ceftaroline and Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetic (PK) Half Life Parameter in Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia Patients

To determine the serum pharmacokinetic half life parameter of ceftaroline and levofloxacin in community-acquired bacterial pneumonia patients. We obtained blood at 2, 6 and 12 hours after at least 2 days of treatment and a 1-hr antibiotic infusion and measured these levels (mg/L)by LC/MS/MS assay. (NCT01524302)
Timeframe: 2, 6 and 12 hours after at least 2 days of treatment and a 1-hr antibiotic infusion

Interventionhours (Mean)
Levofloxacin7.2
Ceftaroline1.9

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Eradication Rate (Participants Naive to Anti-H. Pylori Treatment)

A negative post-treatment 13C-urea breath test or CLO test result at more than 4 weeks after complete use of drug for treatment. (NCT01575899)
Timeframe: 4 weeks after complete use of drug for treatment

Interventionpercentage of eradicated participants (Number)
Levofloxacin-Amox/Clav.78.1
Clarithromycin-Amoxicillin57.5

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Re-eradication Rate

Re-eradication successful rate (percentage of participants with a negative result of C13 or CLO test at least four weeks after the 2nd treatment) with 7-day levofloxacin, amoxicillin/clavulanate and rabeprazole for patients still with Hp infection previously treated with regimen without levofloxacin and Augmentin. (NCT01575899)
Timeframe: 4 weeks after complete use of drug for treatment

Interventionpercentage of successful re-eradication (Number)
Levofloxacin-Amox/Clav. (Re-eradication)72.6

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Eradication Rate of Participants Living in Rural Area.

Subgroup analysis on eradication rate (percentage of participants with a negative result of C13 or CLO test at least four weeks after treatment) according to resident area of participants, especially who are living in rural area. (NCT01575899)
Timeframe: 4 weeks after complete use of drug for treatment

Interventionpercentage of eradicated participants (Number)
Levofloxacin-Amox/Clav.81.4
Clarithromycin-Amoxicillin51.3

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Number of Grade 3,4, and 5 AEs

The primary safety endpoint will be the number of grade 3, 4 and 5 adverse events (AEs), occurring up to and including the time on study drug plus four weeks post study drug completion. (NCT01918397)
Timeframe: 28 weeks

InterventionEvents (Number)
Dose 15
Dose 24
Dose 314
Dose 413

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Number of Patients Completing Treatment

The primary endpoint for the analysis of tolerability will be the ability to complete 24 weeks of treatment with the assigned levofloxacin dose (in mg/kg at enrollment). (NCT01918397)
Timeframe: 24 weeks

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Dose 123
Dose 226
Dose 327
Dose 424

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Time to Sputum Culture Conversion

The primary efficacy endpoint is the time to sputum culture conversion from positive to negative for M. tuberculosis growth on solid medium. This is defined as the time from initiation of study treatment to the first of two successive negative cultures one study visit apart that are not followed by a culture-positive specimen within 28 weeks of treatment initiation. To ensure that each subject will be evaluable for the primary endpoint, bi-weekly sputum cultures will be collected for 12 weeks, then every 4 weeks through 24 weeks of treatment. (NCT01918397)
Timeframe: 28 weeks

Interventionweeks (Median)
Dose 15.9
Dose 26.3
Dose 36.1
Dose 46.1

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Mean Change in the Total Bacterial Community

The bacterial community was determined using a 16S rRNA quantitative PCR processed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) software, version 1.8 to yield the number of operational taxonomic units in each subject sample. The count has a minimum of zero with an increasing score indicating a larger number of distinct bacterial species. (NCT01988779)
Timeframe: Baseline and 14 days after treatment

Interventionoperational taxonomic units (Mean)
Oral Placebo With Nebulized Intranasal Levofloxacin17.40
Oral Antibiotics With Nebulized Intranasal Placebo6.700

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Change in Bilateral Endoscopy Findings Using POSE Score

"The Perioperative Sinus Endoscopy (POSE) instrument is a specific tool to endoscopically assess the sinus cavities of patients who have undergone endoscopic sinus surgery.~Each POSE score has a minimum of 0 and a maximum of 16, with a higher score indicating a worse outcome.~Here, the Left and Right POSE scores are summed and the difference between baseline and the 14 day after treatment is reported.~The change in bilateral POSE score can in principle be -32 to +32, with increased scores indicating worse outcome and negative scores indicating improvement over the treatment period." (NCT01988779)
Timeframe: Baseline and 14 days after treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Oral Placebo With Nebulized Intranasal Levofloxacin-2.889
Oral Antibiotics With Nebulized Intranasal Placebo-4.545

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Change in Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI) Score

"The Rhinosinusitis Disability Index is a 30-item questionnaire completed by the patient or subject. Each item has a value of zero to four, a higher score indicates a self-perception of worse symptoms. The minimum score is zero and the maximum score is 120.~The difference score here is the post-treatment score minus the pre-treatment score, with lower meaning more improvement" (NCT01988779)
Timeframe: Baseline and 14 days after treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Oral Placebo With Nebulized Intranasal Levofloxacin-8.000
Oral Antibiotics With Nebulized Intranasal Placebo-14.82

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Change in Sino-nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) Score

"The Sino-nasal outcome test is a 22-item questionnaire completed by the patient or subject. Each item has a value of zero to five, a higher score indicates a self-perception of worse symptoms. The minimum score is zero and the maximum score is 110.~The difference score here is the post-treatment score minus the pre-treatment score, with lower meaning more improvement" (NCT01988779)
Timeframe: Baseline and 14 days after treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Oral Placebo With Nebulized Intranasal Levofloxacin-2.333
Oral Antibiotics With Nebulized Intranasal Placebo-18.73

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Number of Participants With Post-treatment Culture Negativity

Post-treatment culture negativity, defined as less than 1+ growth of organisms. A subject is counted '1' if both nares are free of bacterial growth, and '0' if growth is 1+ of more (NCT01988779)
Timeframe: 14 days after treatment

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Oral Placebo With Nebulized Intranasal Levofloxacin5
Oral Antibiotics With Nebulized Intranasal Placebo2

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Change in Oxygen Saturation

measured using pulse oximetry (NCT02024555)
Timeframe: Baseline, 4, 8, and 16 and 24 weeks

,
Interventionpercentage of oxygen saturation (Mean)
Baseline to week 4Baseline to week 8Baseline to week 16
Concomitant Levaquin, Ethambutol, Azithromycin and Rifampin0.39-0.122.54
Placebo-0.85-0.43-0.46

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Change in Percent Predicted Absolute Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) in Participants With Pulmonary Sarcoidosis, Comparing Baseline With Performance After Completion of 16 Weeks of Therapy.

Change in percent predicted absolute forced vital capacity (FVC) in participants with pulmonary sarcoidosis, comparing baseline with performance after completion of 16 weeks of therapy. This will involve comparing sarcoidosis and placebo after 16 weeks of therapy. (NCT02024555)
Timeframe: Baseline to 16 weeks

Interventionpercentage predicted absolute FVC (Mean)
Concomitant Levaquin, Ethambutol, Azithromycin and Rifampin0.35
Placebo0.17

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Change in the Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ)

"The SGRQ is a 50-item questionnaire developed to measure health status (quality of life) in patients with diseases of airways obstruction.~Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more limitations.~A minimum change in score of 4 units was established as clinically relevant after patient and clinician testing." (NCT02024555)
Timeframe: Baseline and 16 weeks

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Concomitant Levaquin, Ethambutol, Azithromycin and Rifampin-2.23
Placebo-6.30

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Failure of Standard Therapy

We will assess how many subjects in either arm need escalation of their standard regimen (ie increase in prednisone) during the 16 weeks. (NCT02024555)
Timeframe: Baseline to 16 weeks

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Concomitant Levaquin, Ethambutol, Azithromycin and Rifampin3
Placebo2

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Abnormal Lab Values

Safety profile of regimen as evidenced by the number of abnormal lab values classified as Adverse Events (NCT02024555)
Timeframe: baseline to 16 weeks

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
low platelet countlow WBC countelevated glucoselow glucose
Concomitant Levaquin, Ethambutol, Azithromycin and Rifampin1531
Placebo0021

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Adverse Events

Safety profile of regimen as evidenced by the number of adverse events (NCT02024555)
Timeframe: 24 weeks

,
Interventionnumber of events (Number)
Serious Adverse EventsNon-Serious Adverse Events
Concomitant Levaquin, Ethambutol, Azithromycin and Rifampin424
Placebo316

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Six Minute Walk, Distance in Meters

The 6-min walk test (6 MWT) is a submaximal exercise test that entails measurement of distance walked over a span of 6 minutes. (NCT02024555)
Timeframe: Baseline, 4, 8, and 16 and 24 weeks

,
Interventionmeters (Mean)
BaselineWeek 4Week 8Week 16Week 24
Concomitant Levaquin, Ethambutol, Azithromycin and Rifampin416.25432.65451.59440.37444.68
Placebo416.41428.35420.21430.85425.18

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FEV1%

FEV1% was measure pre and post 6 minute walk test (NCT02024555)
Timeframe: Baseline, 4, 8, and 16 and 24 weeks

,
InterventionPercentage of predicted FEV1 (Mean)
Baseline preBaseline post4 weeks pre4 weeks post8 weeks pre8 weeks post16 weeks pre16 weeks post24 weeks pre24 weeks post
Concomitant Levaquin, Ethambutol, Azithromycin and Rifampin69.1169.9771.5771.9669.3070.3669.8871.3972.2273.09
Placebo67.4573.8169.5673.8173.7174.368.2770.4163.2766.27

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Results of Schirmer I Test With Anesthetics in the Study Eye

The Schirmer I test consists of anesthetic drops being placed into the lower eyelid of the study eye. Patients then close their eyes. Test paper is placed on the lower eyelid of the patient's closed eyes. The paper is then removed and the moisture length on the paper recorded. Shorter distances indicate worse dry eye symptoms. (NCT02028754)
Timeframe: Day 7, Day 30

,
InterventionMillimeters (Mean)
Day 7Day 30 (N=83, 82)
Conventional Therapy12.512.6
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose and Conventional Therapy11.812.7

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Subjective Symptom Total Score in the Study Eye

The following 11 subjective symptoms are evaluated in the study eye: foreign body sensation, photophobia, itching, pain in the eye, dry eye, eye heaviness, blurred vision, eye fatigue, eye discomfort, eye secretions and tears. Each of these symptoms is divided into 4 classes: no symptom=0; occasional symptoms=1; intermittent mild symptoms=2; and persistent obvious symptoms=3. The total score ranged from 0 (best) to 33 (worst). (NCT02028754)
Timeframe: Day 7, Day 30

,
InterventionScores on a Scale (Mean)
Day 7Day 30 (N=83, 82)
Conventional Therapy6.45.6
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose and Conventional Therapy6.15.1

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Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) in the Study Eye

TBUT is the time required for dry spots to appear on the surface of the study eye after blinking. The longer it takes, the more stable the tear film. A short TBUT is a sign of poor tear film. (NCT02028754)
Timeframe: Day 30

InterventionSeconds (Mean)
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose and Conventional Therapy9.0
Conventional Therapy6.7

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Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) in the Study Eye

TBUT is the time required for dry spots to appear on the surface of the study eye after blinking. The longer it takes, the more stable the tear film. A short TBUT is a sign of poor tear film. (NCT02028754)
Timeframe: Day 7

InterventionSeconds (Mean)
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose and Conventional Therapy8.5
Conventional Therapy6.6

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Fluorescein Staining Score in the Study Eye

The cornea is evaluated following ocular administration of fluorescein stain in the study eye. The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye which covers the iris and pupil. The cornea is divided into 3 regions. Each region is scored according to the extent of staining, with scores ranging from 0 to 3 points: 0=non-staining, 1=staining range < 1/2 of the cornea, 2=staining range ≥ 1/2 of the cornea, and 3=regional whole staining of the cornea. The total score ranges from 0 to 9 points. The higher the staining score, the worse the dry eye condition. (NCT02028754)
Timeframe: Day 7, Day 30

,
InterventionScores on a Scale (Mean)
Day 7Day 30 (N=83, 82)
Conventional Therapy1.81.2
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose and Conventional Therapy2.01.1

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Lissamine Green Staining Score in the Study Eye

Conjunctival and corneal staining are evaluated following ocular administration of lissamine green dye in the study eye. The conjunctiva is the clear membrane covering the white surface of the eye. The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye which covers the iris and pupil. The conjunctiva and cornea are divided into 5 regions that are scored based on the extent of staining. Scores range from 0 to 3 points: 0=non-staining, 1=staining range < 1/2 of the conjunctiva and cornea, 2=staining range ≥ 1/2 of the conjunctiva and cornea, and 3=regional whole staining of the conjunctiva and cornea. The total score ranges from 0 to 15 points. The higher the grade score, the worse the dry eye condition. (NCT02028754)
Timeframe: Day 7, Day 30

,
InterventionScores on a Scale (Mean)
Day 7Day 30 (N=83,82)
Conventional Therapy2.62.3
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose and Conventional Therapy2.92.1

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Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) Questionnaire Score in the Study Eye

The OSDI is a 12-question survey for patients to document their dry eye disease symptoms in the study eye. The OSDI consists of a 5-point scale (0=none of the time and 4 = all of the time), with higher scores representing greater disability. The scores are totaled over the 12 questions and converted to a score of 0-100 (0=no disability and 100=complete disability). (NCT02028754)
Timeframe: Day 7, Day 30

,
InterventionScores on a Scale (Mean)
Day 7Day 30 (N=83, 82)
Conventional Therapy18.114.2
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose and Conventional Therapy15.612.7

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Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (EMA) In The m-MITT Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on the per-pathogen (E. cloacae, E. faecalis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae) microbiological outcome of Eradication in the m-MITT population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU. Eradication was defined per the EMA criteria as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^3 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 3: E. cloacaeEOIVT: E. cloacaeEOT: E. cloacaeTOC: E. cloacaeLFU: E. cloacaeDay 3: E. faecalisEOIVT: E. faecalisEOT: E. faecalisTOC: E. faecalisLFU: E. faecalisDay 3: E. coliEOIVT: E. coliEOT: E. coliTOC: E. coliLFU: E. coliDay 3: K. pneumoniaeEOIVT: K. pneumoniaeEOT: K. pneumoniaeTOC: K. pneumoniaeLFU: K. pneumoniae
Meropenem-Vaborbactam101010981313125912412311289902929271915
Piperacillin-Tazobactam3553214141311910610710068682426241412

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Proportion Of Participants In The Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat (m-MITT) Population Who Achieved Overall Success At The End Of Intravenous Treatment Visit

This was the primary outcome measure for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). For this composite outcome measure, overall success was achieved with a clinical outcome of Cure or Improvement and microbiologic outcome of Eradication at the end of intravenous treatment (EOIVT). Cure was defined as the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms. Improvement was defined as lessening, incomplete resolution, or no worsening of the baseline signs and symptoms. Eradication was defined using the FDA's colony-forming units (CFU)/mL criteria that the bacterial pathogen(s) found at baseline was/were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: EOIVT (Days 5-14)

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Meropenem-Vaborbactam189
Piperacillin-Tazobactam171

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Proportion Of Participants In The Microbiological Evaluable (ME) Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication At The TOC Visit

This was the primary outcome measure for the EMA. For this measure, a microbiologic outcome of Eradication was defined using the EMA's CFU/mL criteria: bacterial pathogen(s) found at baseline was reduced to <10^3 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). The ME population included all participants who met m-MITT criteria and had a clinical outcome and microbiologic outcome at EOIVT or earlier; received <80% or >120% of expected IV doses; missed no more than 1 IV dose in the first 48 hours, missed no more than 2 consecutive IV doses; received no less than 6 doses for failure or no less than 9 doses for cure. (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: TOC (Days 15-23)

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Meropenem-Vaborbactam118
Piperacillin-Tazobactam102

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Proportion Of Participants In The m-MITT Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication At The Test Of Cure Visit

This was the primary outcome measure for the European Medicines Agency (EMA). For this measure, a microbiologic outcome of Eradication was defined using the EMA's CFU/mL criteria: bacterial pathogen(s) found at baseline was reduced to <10^3 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Test of cure (TOC) (Days 15-23)

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Meropenem-Vaborbactam128
Piperacillin-Tazobactam105

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Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (FDA) In The ME Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on the per-pathogen (E. cloacae, E. faecalis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae) microbiological outcome of Eradication in the ME population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU. Eradication was defined per the FDA criteria as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 3: E. cloacaeEOIVT: E. cloacaeEOT: E. cloacaeTOC: E. cloacaeLFU: E. cloacaeDay 3: E. faecalisEOIVT: E. faecalisEOT: E. faecalisTOC: E. faecalisLFU: E. faecalisDay 3: E. coliEOIVT: E. coliEOT: E. coliTOC: E. coliLFU: E. coliDay 3: K. pneumoniaeEOIVT: K. pneumoniaeEOT: K. pneumoniaeTOC: K. pneumoniaeLFU: K. pneumoniae
Meropenem-Vaborbactam101010981111116911711710884842828261815
Piperacillin-Tazobactam3553214141312101011069971672526241412

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Pharmacokinetic (PK) Characterization Of Plasma Exposure Of Meropenem/Vaborbactam

"This outcome measure focused on PK assessment of participants in the meropenem/vaborbactam group who met MITT criteria and had at least 1 plasma PK sample drawn. Sparse PK sampling on Day 1 was performed 3-3.5 hours and 5-6 hours after the start of the first 3-h IV study drug infusion. Samples were not collected around the 30-minute infusions. Samples were collected from both groups to maintain the blind; however, only PK samples for the meropenem/vaborbactam group were analyzed. The area under the curve (AUC) was generated using a Population PK model and post hoc estimates of each participants' PK parameters, including AUC0-24, were generated.~The AUC during 24 hours (AUC0-24) for Day 1 and at steady-state are presented in micrograms (ug)·hour/mL." (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 1

Interventionug·hour/mL (Mean)
AUC0-24: Day 1AUC0-24: Steady-State
Meropenem-Vaborbactam803798

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Proportion Of Participants In The m-MITT Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication

This secondary outcome measure focused on a microbiological outcome of Eradication in the m-MITT population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, end of treatment (EOT), TOC, and late follow up (LFU). Eradication was defined as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture (FDA) or <10^3 CFU/mL (EMA), and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as a uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 3: FDAEOIVT: FDAEOT: FDATOC: FDALFU: FDADay 3: EMAEOIVT: EMAEOT: EMATOC: EMALFU: EMA
Meropenem-Vaborbactam189188172132132186188169128129
Piperacillin-Tazobactam16716815811310316416815810598

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Proportion Of Participants In The m-MITT Population With Overall Success

This secondary outcome measure focused on the overall success in the ME population at the EOIVT and TOC visits. Overall success at TOC was defined as a clinical outcome of Cured and a microbiologic outcome of Eradication. Overall success at EOIVT was defined as a clinical outcome of Cured or Improvement and a microbiologic outcome of Eradication. Cured was defined as the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP. Improvement was defined as lessening, incomplete resolution, or no worsening of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP, but continued IV therapy was warranted. Eradication was defined using the FDA's CFU/mL criteria that the bacterial pathogen(s) found at baseline was/were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: EOIVT (Days 5-14) and TOC (Days 15-23)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
EOIVTTOC
Meropenem-Vaborbactam189143
Piperacillin-Tazobactam171128

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Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (FDA) In The m-MITT Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on the per-pathogen (Enterobacter cloacae [E. cloacae], Enterococcus faecalis [E. faecalis], Escherichia coli [E. coli], Klebsiella pneumoniae [K. pneumoniae]) microbiological outcome of Eradication in the m-MITT population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU. Eradication was defined per the FDA criteria as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 3: E. cloacaeEOIVT: E. cloacaeEOT: E. cloacaeTOC: E. cloacaeLFU: E. cloacaeDay 3: E. faecalisEOIVT: E. faecalisEOT: E. faecalisTOC: E. faecalisLFU: E. faecalisDay 3: E. coliEOIVT: E. coliEOT: E. coliTOC: E. coliLFU: E. coliDay 3: K. pneumoniaeEOIVT: K. pneumoniaeEOT: K. pneumoniaeTOC: K. pneumoniaeLFU: K. pneumoniae
Meropenem-Vaborbactam1010109813131371112412311391912929271915
Piperacillin-Tazobactam35532141414121010610710073692626241513

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Proportion Of Participants In The ME Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication

This secondary outcome measure focused on a microbiological outcome of Eradication in the ME population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU. Eradication was defined as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture (FDA) or <10^3 CFU/mL (EMA), and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 3: FDAEOIVT: FDAEOT: FDATOC: FDALFU: FDADay 3: EMAEOIVT: EMAEOT: EMATOC: EMALFU: EMA
Meropenem-Vaborbactam177178163122122174178160118120
Piperacillin-Tazobactam1601661561099915716615610294

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Proportion Of Participants In The ME Population With Overall Success

This secondary outcome measure focused on the overall success in the ME population at the EOIVT and TOC visits. Overall success was defined as a clinical outcome of Cured or Improvement and a microbiologic outcome of Eradication. Cured was defined as the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP. Improvement was defined as lessening, incomplete resolution, or no worsening of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP, but continued IV therapy was warranted. Eradication was defined using the FDA's CFU/mL criteria that the bacterial pathogen(s) found at baseline was/were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: EOIVT (Days 5-14) and TOC (Days 15-23)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
EOIVTTOC
Meropenem-Vaborbactam178134
Piperacillin-Tazobactam165124

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Proportion Of Participants With A Clinical Outcome Of Cure In The Clinical Evaluable (CE) Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on a clinical outcome of Cure in the CE population. A clinical outcome of Cure was defined as the following: at EOIVT, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP; at EOT, TOC, and LFU, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP such that no further antimicrobial therapy was warranted. Symptom resolution did not necessarily include baseline symptoms associated with anatomic abnormalities that predisposed to cUTI, such as symptoms associated with the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter. The clinical outcome of Cure was reported only at the EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU visits, and improvement was reported only at the Day 3, EOIVT, and EOT visits. (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 3: ImprovementEOIVT: CureEOIVT: ImprovementEOT: CureEOT: ImprovementTOC: CureLFU: Cure
Meropenem-Vaborbactam243202452357231220
Piperacillin-Tazobactam250206462396224209

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Proportion Of Participants With A Clinical Outcome Of Cure In The m-MITT Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on a clinical outcome of Cure in the m-MITT Population. A clinical outcome of Cure was defined as the following: at EOIVT, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP; at EOT, TOC, and LFU, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP such that no further antimicrobial therapy was warranted. Symptom resolution did not necessarily include baseline symptoms associated with anatomic abnormalities that predisposed to cUTI, such as symptoms associated with the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter. The clinical outcome of Cure was reported only at the EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU visits, and improvement was reported only at Day 3, EOIVT, and EOT visits. (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 3: ImprovementEOIVT: CureEOIVT: ImprovementEOT: CureEOT: ImprovementTOC: CureLFU: Cure
Meropenem-Vaborbactam186156331794174166
Piperacillin-Tazobactam171144301673157143

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Proportion Of Participants With A Clinical Outcome Of Cure In The ME Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on a clinical outcome of Cure in the ME population. A clinical outcome of Cure was defined as the following: at EOIVT, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP; at EOT, TOC, and LFU, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP such that no further antimicrobial therapy was warranted. Symptom resolution did not necessarily include baseline symptoms associated with anatomic abnormalities that predisposed to cUTI, such as symptoms associated with the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter. The clinical outcome of Cure was reported only at the EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU visits, and improvement was reported only at the Day 3, EOIVT, and EOT visits. (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 3: ImprovementEOIVT: CureEOIVT: ImprovementEOT: CureEOT: ImprovementTOC: CureLFU: Cure
Meropenem-Vaborbactam175148301703164156
Piperacillin-Tazobactam164138301613153139

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Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (EMA) In The ME Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on the per-pathogen (E. cloacae, E. faecalis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae) microbiological outcome of Eradication in the ME population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU. Eradication was defined per the EMA criteria as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^3 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Day 3: E. cloacaeEOIVT: E. cloacaeEOT: E. cloacaeTOC: E. cloacaeLFU: E. cloacaeDay 3: E. faecalisEOIVT: E. faecalisEOT: E. faecalisTOC: E. faecalisLFU: E. faecalisDay 3: E. coliEOIVT: E. coliEOT: E. coliTOC: E. coliLFU: E. coliDay 3: K. pneumoniaeEOIVT: K. pneumoniaeEOT: K. pneumoniaeTOC: K. pneumoniaeLFU: K. pneumoniae
Meropenem-Vaborbactam101010981111104811711710782832828261815
Piperacillin-Tazobactam355321414131191011069967662326241311

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STREAM Stage 2 Primary Outcome Measure (the Proportion of Patients With a Favourable Outcome at Week 76)

The primary efficacy outcome of the STREAM Stage 2 comparison is status at Week 76 i.e. the proportion of patients with a favourable outcome at Week 76 (NCT02409290)
Timeframe: 76 weeks

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Regimen A (Long Regimen)0
Regimen B (Control Regimen)133
Regimen C (Oral Regimen)162
Regimen D (6-month Regimen)122

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Favourable Outcome After Long-term Follow-up (132 Weeks)

The proportion of patients with a favourable outcome at their last efficacy visit (NCT02409290)
Timeframe: Last efficacy visit, between 96 and 132 weeks

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Regimen A (Long Regimen)17
Regimen B (Control Regimen)126
Regimen C (Oral Regimen)152
Regimen D (6-month Regimen)115

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Failure or Recurrence (FoR)

The proportion of patients with failure or recurrence (FoR) (NCT02409290)
Timeframe: 132 weeks, control regimen (arm B) using concurrent controls only

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Regimen B (Control Regimen)14
Regimen D (6-month Regimen)2

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Failure or Recurrence (FoR)

probable or definite failure or recurrence (FoR) (NCT02409290)
Timeframe: final efficacy week (between 96 and 132 weeks)

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Regimen A (Long Regimen)0
Regimen B (Control Regimen)17
Regimen C (Oral Regimen)4
Regimen D (6-month Regimen)0

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Proportion of Patients With Acquired Drug Resistance

The proportion of patients with acquired drug resistance (any drug) (NCT02409290)
Timeframe: 132 weeks

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Regimen A (Long Regimen)0
Regimen B (Control Regimen)5
Regimen C (Oral Regimen)5
Regimen D (6-month Regimen)3

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Percentage of Patients With Composite of Microbiological Eradication and Clinical Cure in the ME Population at Day 5

Microbiological eradication: urine culture showed the pathogen found at baseline at ≥10^5 CFU/mL was reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. Clinical Cure Day 5: Marked improvement defined as complete resolution or return to premorbid levels or reduction in severity of all core baseline symptoms with worsening of none, and no new symptoms develop. Failure Day 5: Lack of improvement in core baseline symptoms of cUTI or development of new core symptoms of cUTI; AE requiring the discontinuation of study drug and the patient required alternative non-study antibiotic therapy for the current cUTI. (NCT02486627)
Timeframe: Day 5

,
Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Day 5: Composite CureDay 5: Composite Failure
Meropenem94.25.8
Plazomicin89.410.6

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Percentage of Patients With Composite of Microbiological Eradication and Clinical Cure in the ME Population at TOC

Microbiological eradication: urine culture showed the pathogen found at baseline at ≥10^5 CFU/mL was reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. Clinical Cure TOC: Complete resolution or return to premorbid levels of core symptoms of cUTI and no new symptoms develop, and no use of non-study antibiotic therapy for the current cUTI. Failure TOC: Persistence of one or more core symptom of infection or reappearance of or development of new core symptoms that require alternative non-study antibiotic therapy for the current cUTI. (NCT02486627)
Timeframe: Day 17 TOC Visit

,
Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
TOC: Composite CureTOC: Composite Failure
Meropenem75.124.9
Plazomicin84.915.1

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Percentage of Patients With Composite of Microbiological Eradication and Clinical Cure in the Microbiological Modified ITT (mMITT) Population at Day 5

Microbiological eradication was defined as a urine culture that showed the pathogen found at baseline at ≥10^5 colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) was reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. Clinical Cure at Day 5: marked improvement evidenced by complete resolution or return to premorbid levels or reduction in severity of all core baseline symptoms with worsening of none, and no new symptoms developed. Failure: Lack of improvement in core baseline symptoms of cUTI or development of new core symptoms of cUTI; adverse event (AE) requiring the discontinuation of study drug and the patient required alternative non-study antibiotic therapy for the current cUTI. Indeterminate: Insufficient data are available to allow an evaluation of clinical outcome for any reason. (NCT02486627)
Timeframe: Day 5

,
Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Composite CureComposite FailureIndeterminate
Meropenem91.47.61
Plazomicin8810.51.6

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Percentage of Patients With Composite of Microbiological Eradication and Clinical Cure in the mMITT Population at Test of Cure (TOC)

Microbiological eradication was defined as a urine culture that showed the pathogen found at baseline at ≥10^5 CFU/mL was reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. Clinical Cure at TOC Visit: the complete resolution or return to premorbid levels of core symptoms of cUTI and no new symptoms develop, and no use of non-study antibiotic therapy for the current cUTI. Failure: Persistence of one or more core symptom of infection or reappearance of or development of new core symptoms that require alternative non-study antibiotic therapy for the current cUTI. Indeterminate: Insufficient data are available to allow an evaluation of clinical outcome for any reason. (NCT02486627)
Timeframe: Day 17 TOC Visit

,
Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Composite CureComposite FailureIndeterminate
Meropenem70.125.94.1
Plazomicin81.715.23.1

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Plasma Pharmacokinetics (PK): Area Under the Curve From 0 to 24 Hours (AUC 0-24h)

PK blood samples were collected on Day 3 (plus or minus 1 day) of study drug administration for the determination of plazomicin concentrations in plazomicin-treated patients. (NCT02486627)
Timeframe: Day 3

Interventionmg*h/L (milligrams times hour per liter) (Geometric Mean)
Plazomicin234

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Percentage of Patients With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)

An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence associated with the use of a drug in humans, whether or not it is considered to be drug related. An AE (also referred to as an adverse experience) can be any unfavorable and unintended sign (eg, an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a drug, and it does not imply any judgment about causality. Adverse events also include the exacerbation or worsening of a condition present at screening other than the index infection for which the patient was enrolled in the study. A TEAE is any AE that newly appeared, increased in frequency, or worsened in severity following initiation of study drug. (NCT02486627)
Timeframe: Up to Day 32

Interventionpercentage of patients (Number)
Plazomicin19.5
Meropenem21.6

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Plasma PK: Maximum Observed Plasma Drug Concentration (Cmax)

PK blood samples were collected on Day 3 (plus or minus 1 day) of study drug administration for the determination of plazomicin concentrations in plazomicin-treated patients. (NCT02486627)
Timeframe: Day 3

Interventionmg/L (Geometric Mean)
Plazomicin46.6

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Plasma PK: Minimum Observed Plasma Drug Concentration (Cmin)

PK blood samples were collected on Day 3 (plus or minus 1 day) of study drug administration for the determination of plazomicin concentrations in plazomicin-treated patients. (NCT02486627)
Timeframe: Day 3

Interventionmg/L (Geometric Mean)
Plazomicin0.88

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Number of Participants in Which H. Pylori Was Eradicated

Evaluate eradication outcome by endoscopy urease test and histology or urea breath test (NCT02547012)
Timeframe: six weeks after the end of anti-H pylori therapy.

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Esomeprazole+Amox+Levo+Tetra13
Esomeprazole+Amox+Levo21

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Percentage of Participants With Successful Eradication of H. Pylori

Successful eradication of H. pylori is defined as (1) negative results of both rapid urease test and histology, or (2) a negative result of urea breath test at 4 weeks. (NCT02596620)
Timeframe: Negative results of H.pylori 4 weeks after eradication

Interventionpercentage of eradication (Number)
Sequential Therapy91.4
Triple Therapy81.5

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The Conversion Rate of CE (From Positive to Negative)

"Subjects in antibiotic group underwent a second-look hysteroscopy and repeat endometrial biopsy for histopathological CD138 immunohistochemical examination 2-4 weeks after completion of antibiotic treatment and in the follicular phase of the following menstrual cycle. Subjects in control group underwent a second-look hysteroscopy and repeat endometrial biopsy for histopathological CD138 immunohistochemical examination ~4 weeks after recruitment in the follicular phase of the following menstrual cycle.~The biopsies were graded as negative for CE if there was less than one plasma cell identified per 10 high-power fields (HPFs) and positive when there was one or more plasma cell identified per 10 HPFs.~To compare the cure rate (From positive to negative) of CE in women who received antibiotic therapy (treatment group) with the spontaneous cure rate in those who did not receive antibiotic therapy (control group)," (NCT02648698)
Timeframe: 1-6 months

InterventionPercentage of participants (Number)
Antibiotic Group89.8
Control Group12.7

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Patient-reported Quality of Life as Measured by EuroQol (EQ-5D)

The primary evaluation of patient-reported quality of life, as measured by the EuroQuol-5D at four-weeks, will be conducted using an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, where patients' data are analyzed according to the patients' randomized treatment assignment. EQ5D assesses health status in terms of five dimensions of health. The maximum score of 1 indicates the best health state, the minimum score is 0 (as score as bad as being dead). (NCT02800785)
Timeframe: Four-weeks after randomization

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Antibiotics Therapy Arm0.92
Appendectomy Arm0.91

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Number of Participants With at Least One Complications From Treatment

Comparison of the number of participants with at least one surgical complication and antibiotic complications. (NCT02800785)
Timeframe: 90 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Antibiotics Therapy Arm37
Appendectomy Arm21

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Number of Clinic Visits or Emergency Room Visits

Total number of participants with any visit to emergency department or urgent care clinic after index treatment within 90 days (NCT02800785)
Timeframe: 90 days post randomization

Interventionvisits (Number)
Antibiotics Therapy Arm55
Appendectomy Arm26

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Eventual Appendectomy Incidence Proportion

incidence proportion of appendectomy within 90 days post randomization among those randomized to antibiotics (NCT02800785)
Timeframe: 90 days post randomization

Interventionincidence proportion (Number)
Antibiotics Therapy Arm0.29

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Rate of Participants With Perforated Appendicitis

Rates of patients who had perforated appendicitis will be calculated for each arm among those received an appendectomy. (NCT02800785)
Timeframe: 90 days post enrollment

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Antibiotics Therapy Arm59
Appendectomy Arm99

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Rates of Participants With Appendiceal Cancer

Rates of appendiceal cancer among participants will be calculated among the antibiotics and appendectomy arms. (NCT02800785)
Timeframe: Through study completion, up to 2 years

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Antibiotics Therapy Arm4
Appendectomy Arm6

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Total Number of Patients Who Had Resolution of Appendicitis Symptoms at 30 Days

Total Number of Patients who had resolution of appendicitis symptoms at 30 Days. This was measured as absence of fever and abdominal pain and tenderness. (NCT02800785)
Timeframe: at 30 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Antibiotics Therapy Arm462
Appendectomy Arm466

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Days in Hospital After Index Treatment Within 90 Days

Mean number of days in the hospital per participant calculated at 90 days post randomization. (Number of days/Number of Participants in Therapy Arm who responded to the 90 day survey question) (NCT02800785)
Timeframe: 90 days post randomization

InterventionDays per participant (rate) (Mean)
Antibiotics Therapy Arm0.68
Appendectomy Arm0.15

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Number of Patients With a Major Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices (CIED) Infection

The primary study endpoint will be the number of patients with CIED infection resulting in complete CIED system removal, antibiotic therapy in patients who are not candidates for system removal, or death due to CIED infection. (NCT02809131)
Timeframe: 6 months

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Saline Irrigation5
Antibiotic Irrigation and Oral Antibiotics6

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Number of Patients With a Minor Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices (CIED) Infection

A minor superficial infection of the incision that does not involve the generator pocket, does not result in any systemic symptoms or signs, and is treated with either observation or a short course of oral antibiotics (NCT02809131)
Timeframe: 6 months

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Saline Irrigation5
Antibiotic Irrigation and Oral Antibiotics5

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Number of Participants in Which H. Pylori Was Eradicated

Number of participants with negative H pylori status in follow-up tests as a measure of successful eradication (NCT02978157)
Timeframe: six weeks after the end of anti-H pylori therapy.

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Esomeprazole+Amox+Levo36
Esomeprazole+Bismuth+Tetra+Levo49

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Degree of Microbial Disruption: Number of Patients With Continued Microbial Disruption at 185 Days Post-antibiotics

The degree of microbiome disruptions will be defined by continuing microbial disruption, as measured by Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, post-antibiotics compared to baseline. (NCT03098485)
Timeframe: Persistent disruption from baseline (7 days prior to antibiotics) in microbial composition at 185 days post-antibiotics

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Levofloxacin4
Azithromycin4
Cefpodoxime5
Azithromycin and Cefpodoxime5

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Degree of Microbial Disruption: Number of Patients With Increase in Antibiotic Resistance Genes at 185 Days Post-antibiotics

The degree of microbiome disruptions will be defined by an increase in the number of antibiotic resistance genes after antibiotics compared to baseline. (NCT03098485)
Timeframe: Increase from baseline (7 days prior to antibiotics) in antibiotic resistance genes at 185 days post-antibiotics

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Levofloxacin4
Azithromycin5
Cefpodoxime5
Azithromycin and Cefpodoxime4

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Degree of Microbial Disruption: Number of Patients With Recovery of Bacterial Species Richness at 185 Days Post-antibiotics

The degree of microbial disruption will be defined by recovery of bacterial species richness (number of species) after antibiotics. (NCT03098485)
Timeframe: Decrease from baseline (7 days prior to antibiotics) in microbial diversity at 185 days post-antibiotics

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Levofloxacin3
Azithromycin3
Cefpodoxime2
Azithromycin and Cefpodoxime3

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Breakup Time (BUT)

breakup time lacrimal film is a continuous variable that will be measured in seconds, evaluating the time it takes to break it, is done by direct counting and the normality range and mayor to 10 seconds. (NCT03519516)
Timeframe: will be evaluated at the end of the treatment at the final visit (day 7)

Interventionseconds (Mean)
PRO-17415.27
Sophixín Ofteno®15.79

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Number of Eyes With Foreign Body Sensation (FBS) by Grade

"Foreign body sensation is a nominal variable that will be evaluated by direct questioning to the research subject, then it will be staged according to the following scale:~Severity: Absent, very mild, mild, moderate and severe, where the normality of severity is absent." (NCT03519516)
Timeframe: will be evaluated at the end of the treatment at the final visit (day 7)

,
Interventioneyes (Number)
AbsentVery mildMildModerateSevere
PRO-174300000
Sophixín Ofteno®280000

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Number of Eyes With Ocular Pruritus (P) by Grade

"Ocular pruritus is a nominal variable that will be evaluated by direct questioning to the research subject, then it will be staged according to the following scale:~Severity: Absent, very mild, mild, moderate and severe, where the normality of severity is absent." (NCT03519516)
Timeframe: will be evaluated at the end of the treatment at the final visit (day 7)

,
Interventionnumber of eyes with Ocular pruritus (Number)
AbsentVery mildMildModerateSevere
PRO-174244200
Sophixín Ofteno®242200

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Ocular Burning (OB)

"primary tolerability variable~Ocular burning is a nominal variable that will be evaluated by direct questioning to the research subject, then it will be staged according to the following scale:~Severity: Absent, very mild, mild, moderate and severe, where the normality of severity is absent." (NCT03519516)
Timeframe: will be evaluated at the end of the treatment at the final visit (day 7)

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
NormalVery mildmild
PRO-17486.76.76.7
Sophixín Ofteno®57.114.328.6

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Percentage of Eyes With Conjunctival Hyperemia (CH) by Grade

Conjunctival hyperemia will be evaluated as an ordinal variable, by direct observation and staged using the Efron scale as Normal / Very Light / Mild / Moderate / Severe. Based on this scale, the normal and mild stages are considered without pathologies or normal. Mild, moderate and severe are considered pathological. (NCT03519516)
Timeframe: will be evaluated at the end of the treatment at the final visit (day 7)

,
Interventionpercentage of eyes (Number)
normalvery mildMildmoderatesevero
PRO-17496.73.3000
Sophixín Ofteno®92.9007.10

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Intraocular Pressure (IOP)

the intraocular pressure will be evaluated by means of the Goldman applanation tonometry whose unit of measurement is millimeters of mercury (mmHg), it is a continuous variable and its normality range is between 11 - 21 mmHg (NCT03519516)
Timeframe: will be evaluated at the end of the treatment at the final visit (day 7)

InterventionmmHg (Mean)
PRO-17412.53
Sophixín Ofteno®12.68

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Number of Adverse Events (EAS)

primary security variable the adverse events will be evaluated with a scale of Present / Absent, it is a nominal variable, the normal value is absent. (NCT03519516)
Timeframe: during the 12 days of evaluation, including the safety call (day 12).

Interventionadverse events (Number)
PRO-17411
Sophixín Ofteno®10

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Number of Eyes of Chemosis

The chemosis will be evaluated, as a nominal variable, by direct observation and it will be staged as present and absent, where the normality is that said variable is absent. (NCT03519516)
Timeframe: will be evaluated at the end of the treatment at the final visit (day 7)

Interventioneyes (Number)
PRO-1740
Sophixín Ofteno®0

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Visual Capacity

"The visual capacity variable will be reported using as a unit of measure a fraction, this is taken from a visual test with the Snellen primer, it is a Nominal type variable. where the optimal vision is 20/20 and higher scores indicate worse visual acuity.~Snellen Scale: 20/200, 20/100, 20/70, 20/50, 20/40, 20/30, 20/25, 20/20, 20/15, 20/12, 20/10~only the denominator of the fraction of each case is reported and averaged per group." (NCT03519516)
Timeframe: will be evaluated at the end of the treatment at the final visit (day 7)

Interventionunits on a scale (snellen) (Mean)
PRO-17420.6
Sophixín Ofteno®20

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Number of Eyes With Epithelial Defects (ED) by Grade

The epithelial defects will be evaluated by means of two stains, green lysine and fluorescein, it is a discrete variable that will be realized by direct observation, it will be staged according to the degrees of the oxford scale that go from 0 to 5 (0-V) according to its severity, where 0 is the normal lower limit and 5 the upper limit of defects. (NCT03519516)
Timeframe: will be evaluated at the end of the treatment at the final visit (day 7)

,
Interventioneyes (Number)
Green lissamine grade 1Green lissamine grade 0luorescein grade 1fluorescein grade 0
PRO-174228327
Sophixín Ofteno®028028

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Time to Switch Therapy From Intravenous to Oral Therapy

(NCT03551210)
Timeframe: Up to Visit 2 (day 4/8 ot treatment)

Interventiondays (Median)
Nemonoxacin4
Tavanic®4

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Volume of Distribution at Steady State (Vss) of Nemonoxacin

Volume of distribution at steady state of Nemonoxacin (NCT03551210)
Timeframe: Day 1 pre-dose and 0, 0.5, 2.5, 4, 6, 12, 16 and 22.5 (= Day 2 pre-dose) hrs after the end of first infusion on Day 1 of treatment

Interventionliters (Mean)
Nemonoxacin123.76

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Сlearance (CL) of Nemonoxacin

Total systemic clearance of Nemonoxacin (NCT03551210)
Timeframe: Day 1 pre-dose and 0, 0.5, 2.5, 4, 6, 12, 16 and 22.5 (= Day 2 pre-dose) hrs after the end of first infusion on Day 1 of treatment

Interventionml/min (Mean)
Nemonoxacin247.32

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Nemnoxacin Concentration Changes

"Cmax - The peak Nemonoxacin concentration at Day 1-2 of treatment~C-22.5hours - 22.5-h drug concentration of Nemonoxacin" (NCT03551210)
Timeframe: Day 1 pre-dose and 0, 0.5, 2.5, 4, 6, 12, 16 and 22.5 (= Day 2 pre-dose) hrs after the end of first infusion on Day 1 of treatment

Interventionng/ml (Mean)
CmaxC-22.5hours
Nemonoxacin8163.84359.63

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Number of Patients With Clinical Success as Judged by the Investigator

Clinical response is evaluated as clinical success if: all signs and symptoms of pneumonia are resolved or improved with no worsening or appearance of new signs and symptoms of pneumonia; there is no requirement for additional antibiotic therapy (NCT03551210)
Timeframe: Visit 2(day 4/8 ot treatment), Visit 3 (within 1-2 days after last dose)

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Visit 272195661Visit 272195662Visit 372195662Visit 372195661
Clinical successClinical non-efficacyIndefinite response
Nemonoxacin164
Tavanic®154
Nemonoxacin4
Tavanic®5
Nemonoxacin1
Nemonoxacin160
Tavanic®151
Nemonoxacin6
Tavanic®7
Nemonoxacin3
Tavanic®8

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Area Under the Concentration-time Curve (AUC) of Nemonoxacin

"AUC (0-22.5) - Area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 22.5 hours of Nemonoxacin~AUC(0-∞) - Areas under the concentration-time curve from 0 h to infinity of Nemonoxacin" (NCT03551210)
Timeframe: Day 1 pre-dose and 0, 0.5, 2.5, 4, 6, 12, 16 and 22.5 (= Day 2 pre-dose) hrs after the end of first infusion on Day 1 of treatment

Interventionhours*ng/ml (Mean)
AUC (0-22.5)AUC(0-∞)
Nemonoxacin34372.6938560.90

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Number of Patients Required for Other Antibiotic Treatment

(NCT03551210)
Timeframe: Up to 21-23 days after last dose

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Nemonoxacin2
Tavanic®5

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Number of Patients With Microbiological Success

Microbiological response is evaluated as microbiological success if culture study demonstrates eradication of pathogen or no material available for culture because of clinical success (NCT03551210)
Timeframe: Visit 2 (day 4/8 ot treatment), 3 (within 1-2 days after last dose), 4 (within 7-9 days after last dose)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Visit 2Visit 3Visit 4
Nemonoxacin171919
Tavanic®161616

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Number of Patients With Infection Relapse

(NCT03551210)
Timeframe: Visit 5 (within 21-23 days after last dose)

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Nemonoxacin0
Tavanic®2

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Terminal Elimination Half-life (T1/2) of Nemonoxacin

Terminal elimination half-life of Nemonoxacin (NCT03551210)
Timeframe: Day 1 pre-dose and 0, 0.5, 2.5, 4, 6, 12, 16 and 22.5 (= Day 2 pre-dose) hrs after the end of first infusion on Day 1 of treatment

Interventionhours (Mean)
Nemonoxacin7.04

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Subjects Who Developed Antibiotic Resistance Organisms

Number of subjects who developed new antibiotic resistance organisms measured by nasal swab of the affected sinonasal cavity and sent for stain, culture, and sensitivity. (NCT03673956)
Timeframe: Post-intervention (within 21 days of intervention completion)

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Mupirocin Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse0
Tobramycin Topical Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse0
Levofloxacin Topical Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse1
Vancomycin Topical Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse0

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Change in Patient Symptoms as Measured by the Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test (SNOT-22) Survey

Scores are measured from 0-5 in a 22-item validated survey. Total scores range from 0-110 with higher scores indicating greater burden of sinonasal symptoms. (NCT03673956)
Timeframe: Baseline, Post-intervention (within 21 days of intervention completion)

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Mupirocin Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse-18
Tobramycin Topical Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse14
Levofloxacin Topical Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse-25.5
Vancomycin Topical Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse-11

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Change in Patient Physical Exam as Measured by the Lund-Kennedy Endoscopic Exam Scores.

Scores are measured on a 0-2 scale for nasal polyps, edema, and secretions in both right and left nasal cavities. Total scores range from 0 to 12 with higher scores indicating greater evidence of sinonasal disease on physical exam. (NCT03673956)
Timeframe: Baseline, Post-intervention (within 21 days of intervention completion)

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Mupirocin Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse-5.3
Tobramycin Topical Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse-3
Levofloxacin Topical Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse-2.4
Vancomycin Topical Antibiotic Nasal Saline Rinse0

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Percentage of Participants Reporting Solicited Adverse Events (AEs) by Severity

Solicited AEs are AEs that are common following administration of these types of antibiotics. The solicited AEs were collected after first dose of study product was given and until the end of therapy (EOT). If subject is on fosfomycin, solicited AEs were collected for 2 days after last dose of fosfomycin or until EOT, whichever occurs last. The solicited AEs includes insomnia, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, back pain, rhinitis, pharyngitis, allergic reaction, and candidiasis. (NCT03697993)
Timeframe: Day 1 through Day 21

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
ModerateSevere
Strategy 15313
Strategy 25018

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Percentage of Participants Reporting Solicited Adverse Events (AEs)

Solicited AEs are AEs that are common following administration of these types of antibiotics. The solicited AEs were collected after first dose of study product was given and until the end of therapy (EOT). If subject is on fosfomycin, solicited AEs were collected for 2 days after last dose of fosfomycin or until EOT, whichever occurs last. The solicited AEs includes insomnia, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, back pain, rhinitis, pharyngitis, allergic reaction, and candidiasis. (NCT03697993)
Timeframe: Day 1 through Day 21

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strategy 167
Strategy 268

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Percentage of Participants Achieving Treatment Success at Test of Cure (TOC)

"Treatment success is defined as a combination of clinical cure and microbiological success.~Clinical cure is defined as: 1) Resolution of UTI symptoms from presentation and 2) No new UTI symptoms and 3) Avoidance of parenteral antibiotic therapy, in or out of hospital, at any time after randomization OR oral antibiotic therapy different from per protocol.~Microbiological success is defined as a reduction of the pathogen found at presentation to <10^4 CFU/mL for non-catheter specimens or <10^3 for catheter specimens on urine culture.~A TOC visit was scheduled at 21 days (+7 days) after randomization." (NCT03697993)
Timeframe: Day 21

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strategy 155
Strategy 273

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Percentage of Participants Achieving Treatment Success at End of Therapy (EOT)

"Treatment success is defined as a combination of clinical cure and microbiological success.~Clinical cure is defined as: 1) Resolution of UTI symptoms from presentation and 2) No new UTI symptoms and 3) Avoidance of parenteral antibiotic therapy, in or out of hospital, at any time after randomization OR oral antibiotic therapy different from per protocol.~Microbiological success is defined as a reduction of the pathogen found at presentation to <10^4 CFU/mL for non-catheter specimens or <10^3 for catheter specimens on urine culture.~The EOT visit occured within 2 days of the completion of oral therapy." (NCT03697993)
Timeframe: Day 5 through Day 10

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strategy 167
Strategy 267

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Number of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) Among Those Who Received at Least Two Doses of Fosfomyci

SAEs included any untoward medical occurrence that resulted in death; was life threatening; was a persistent/significant disability/incapacity; required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation or a congenital anomaly/birth defect. Events are included if deemed by the investigator to be related to the study product. SAEs were only recorded in participants receiving at least two doses of fosfomyci. (NCT03697993)
Timeframe: Day 1 through Day 21

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Strategy 12
Strategy 20

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Number of Participants Reporting Solicited Adverse Events (AEs) Grade 2 and Above Among Those Who Received Fosfomycin

Solicited AEs are AEs that are common following administration of these types of antibiotics. The solicited AEs were collected after first dose of study product was given and until the end of therapy (EOT). If subject is on fosfomycin, solicited AEs were collected for 2 days after last dose of fosfomycin or until EOT, whichever occurs last. The solicited AEs includes insomnia, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, back pain, rhinitis, pharyngitis, allergic reaction, and candidiasis. (NCT03697993)
Timeframe: Day 1 through Day 12

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Strategy 119
Strategy 24

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Number of Participants Reporting Unsolicited Adverse Events (AEs) Grade 2 and Above Among Those Who Received Fosfomycin

The unsolicited AEs were collected in participants who received at least two doses of Fosfomycin from the time of second dose of Fosfomycin until the end of therapy (EOT) or 2 days after last dose of Fosfomycin, whichever occurs last. (NCT03697993)
Timeframe: Day 1 through Day 12

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Strategy 12
Strategy 20

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Adverse Events

Adverse events were described according to System Organ Classes (SOC) and Preferred Terms (PT) using the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) and were presented by treatment group. (NCT03739528)
Timeframe: During all the treatment until day 15

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Patients with TEAEsPatients with serious TEAEsPatients with TEAEs suspected to be study relatedPatients with TEAEs leading to discontinuationPatients with fatal TEAEsPatients with severe TEAEs
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone56426413
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone51226300

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Burning, Stinging, Blurred Vision

Burning, stinging, blurred vision were evaluated on a 4-point scale: 0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe. (NCT03739528)
Timeframe: Day 4, 8, 15

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Burning: visit 3 - day 4Burning: visit 4 - day 8Burning: visit 5 - day 15Stinging: visit 3 - day 4Stinging: visit 4 - day 8Stinging: visit 5 - day 15Blurred vision: visit 3 - day 4Blurred vision: visit 4 - day 8Blurred vision: visit 5 - day 15
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone0.080.060.070.050.070.060.060.060.03
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone0.090.110.070.040.070.040.050.040.01

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Global Evaluation of Local Tolerability

Global evaluation was evaluated on a 4-point scale: 0 = no intolerability, 1 = mild intolerability, 2 = moderate intolerability, 3 = maximum intolerability. (NCT03739528)
Timeframe: Day 4, 8, 15

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Visit 3 - Day 4Visit 4 - Day 8Visit 5 - Day 15
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone0.030.010.02
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone0.010.030.02

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Intraocular Pressure (IOP)

IOP is measured using a tonometer. IOP is measured as mmHg; normal intraocular pressures average between 12-22 mm Hg. (NCT03739528)
Timeframe: At day 0 (screening) and at day 4, 8, 15

,
InterventionmmHg (Mean)
Visit 1 - ScreeningVisit 3 - Day 4Visit 4 - Day 8Visit 5 - Day 15
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone15.1614.2614.2914.45
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone15.1214.4914.4514.37

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Total Ocular Symptoms Score (TOSS)

The TOSS is a patient-reported evaluation in the TOSS Questionnaire of 3 ocular symptoms: itching/burning, hyperemia of conjunctiva and tearing. A score was given in the presence of symptoms: 0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe. (NCT03739528)
Timeframe: Day 4, 8, 15

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Visit 3 - Day 4Visit 4 - Day 8Visit 5 - Day 15
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone0.290.280.17
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone0.370.260.17

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Visual Acuity

"Visual acuity was assessed as per local clinical practice, i.e. with the Snellen (feet) or the ETDRS (meter) chart. Visual acuity was then analysed using decimal unit. Decimal score is the decimal expression of the Snellen (feet) or the ETDRS (meter) charts in which the numerator indicates the distance from the chart and the denominator indicates the size of the smallest line that can be read. Decimal values were provided directly from the investigator or computed as a result of the Snellen or ETDRS fraction.~Generally decimal values from 0.01 to 0.10 indicate severe vision loss; decimal values from 0.125 to 0.25 indicate moderate vision loss; decimal values from 0.32 to 0.63 indicate mild vision loss; decimal values from 0.8 to 1.6 indicate normal vision.~Lower decimal values correspond to a reduced visual acuity and worst outcomes, while higher decimal values indicate an improved visual acuity and better outcomes." (NCT03739528)
Timeframe: At day 0 (screening) and at day 15

,
Interventiondecimal score (Mean)
Visit 1 - ScreeningVisit 5 - Day 15
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone0.410.88
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone0.410.89

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Conjunctival Hyperemia

Conjunctival hyperemia was evaluated with slit lamp and results provided as a score as follows: 0 = absence of inflammation, 1 = mild inflammation (some vessels injected), 2 = moderate inflammation (diffuse injection of vessels, but individual vessels are still discernable) 3 = severe inflammation (intense injection of vessels, individual vessels not easily discernable). (NCT03739528)
Timeframe: Day 4, 8, 15

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Visit 3 - Day 472467252Visit 3 - Day 472467251Visit 4 - Day 872467251Visit 4 - Day 872467252Visit 5 - Day 1572467252Visit 5 - Day 1572467251
Score>0Score=0
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone337
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone323
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone58
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone70
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone348
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone358
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone47
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone35
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone371
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone375
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone24
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone18

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Number of Participants Without Signs of Anterior Ocular Chamber Inflammation

Number of participants without signs of anterior chamber inflammation (sum of cells and flare score = 0). (NCT03739528)
Timeframe: Day 0 (screening), 4, 8

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Visit 1 - Screening72467251Visit 1 - Screening72467252Visit 3 - Day 472467252Visit 3 - Day 472467251Visit 4 - Day 872467252Visit 4 - Day 872467251
Number of participants without signsNumber of participants with signs
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone395
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone393
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone0
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone0
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone289
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone302
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone106
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone91
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone338
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone341
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone57
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone52

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Ocular Pain/Discomfort: 4-point Scale

Overall ocular pain and discomfort was evaluated by the subject on a 4-point scale (0 = absent, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe). (NCT03739528)
Timeframe: Day 4, 8, 15

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Visit 3 - Day 4: Presence/absence of ocular pain72467252Visit 3 - Day 4: Presence/absence of ocular pain72467251Visit 4 - Day 8: Presence/absence of ocular pain72467251Visit 4 - Day 8: Presence/absence of ocular pain72467252Visit 5 - Day 15: Presence/absence of ocular pain72467252Visit 5 - Day 15: Presence/absence of ocular pain72467251
Score=0Score>0
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone360
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone361
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone35
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone32
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone366
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone366
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone29
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone27
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone377
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone373
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone18
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone20

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Number of Participants With Endophthalmitis

The number of participants with endophthalmitis after administration of study treatment in the study was assessed and reported. Diagnosis of endophthalmitis is based on clinical evaluation of signs and symptoms (such as swollen eyelids, ocular pain, conjunctival hyperemia, decreased visual acuity, opaque vitreous) through slit lamp examination, and microbiological tests on conjunctival or corneal swabs. (NCT03739528)
Timeframe: Day 4, 8, 15

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Visit 3 - Day 4: no diagnosis of endophthalmitisVisit 4 - Day 8: no diagnosis of endophthalmitisVisit 5 - Day 15: no diagnosis of endophthalmitis
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone Followed by Dexamethasone393391389
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone393393391

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Aqueous Humour Concentration of Dexamethasone 21-phosphate

Defined as the concentration of dexamethasone 21-phosphate into the aqueous humour in all the three arms: Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone, Dexamethasone and Levofloxacin. The concentration of dexamethasone 21-phosphate has been measured by LC tandem mass spectrometry. (NCT03740659)
Timeframe: 90±15 min after the first administration of the study treatments

Interventionnmol/mL (Mean)
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone0
Levofloxacin0
Dexamethasone0

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Aqueous Humour Concentration of Levofloxacin

Defined as the concentration of levofloxacin into the aqueous humour in all the three arms: Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone, Dexamethasone and Levofloxacin.The concentration of levofloxacin has been measured by LC tandem mass spectrometry. (NCT03740659)
Timeframe: 90±15 min after the first administration of the study treatments

Interventionnmol/mL (Mean)
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone1.970
Levofloxacin2.151
Dexamethasone0

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Aqueous Humour Concentration of Dexamethasone

Defined as the concentration of dexamethasone into the aqueous humour in all the three arms: Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone, Dexamethasone and Levofloxacin.The concentration of dexamethasone has been measured by LC tandem mass spectrometry. (NCT03740659)
Timeframe: 90±15 min after the first administration of the study treatments

Interventionnmol/mL (Mean)
Levofloxacin + Dexamethasone0.030
Levofloxacin0
Dexamethasone0.042

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Number of Participants With a Microbiological Response at the PTE Visit (Micro-ITT Population)

Microbiological response was determined programmatically at the PTE visit by assessing whether or not the participant met the microbiological outcome of 'Success', 'Failure', or 'Indeterminate'. Participants were considered to have a microbiological response of 'Success' if the outcomes of each baseline pathogens were eradication at the PTE visit. Participants were considered to have a microbiological response of 'Failure' if the outcome for any pathogen was persistence. Participants were considered to have a microbiological response of 'Indeterminate', if the outcome of at least 1 baseline pathogen was indeterminate and there was no outcome of persistence for any baseline pathogen. (NCT03757234)
Timeframe: Day 21 (A PTE occurred on Day 21 ± 2 days after the participant's first dose of study drug).

,,,,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Clinical SuccessClinical FailureIndeterminate
Levofloxacin 750 iv/750 po or iv39112
Omadacycline 200 iv/100 iv371
Omadacycline 200 iv/200 iv32131
Omadacycline 200 iv/300 po or 100 iv950
Omadacycline 200 iv/450 po or 100 iv571

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Number of Participants With Resolution of All AP Signs and Clinical Symptoms at PTE Visit (ITT Population)

Participants recorded their assessments using the Modified Patient Symptom Assessment Questionnaire (mPSAQ), a 6-item questionnaire that assessed the levels of 'severity' and 'bothersomeness' for six pyelonephritis signs and symptoms. The sub-scale responses were recorded as 'did not have', 'mild', 'moderate', and 'severe' for 'severity'; and 'not at all', 'a little', 'moderately', and 'a lot' for 'bothersomeness', both scored 0-3. Total scores were calculated by summing the non-missing scores of the 6 items, divided by the number of non-missing items, and then multiplied by 6. For each sub-scale, the total score ranged from 0 (least Severe/ least bothersome) and 18 (worst severity/most bothersome). Number of participants with resolution of all symptoms, without occurrence of new symptoms is reported. Resolution was defined as absence of all baseline symptoms. (NCT03757234)
Timeframe: Day 21 (A PTE occurred on Day 21 ± 2 days after the participant's first dose of study drug).

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Omadacycline 200 iv/200 iv51
Omadacycline 200 iv/100 iv15
Omadacycline 200 iv/300 po or 100 iv14
Omadacycline 200 iv/450 po or 100 iv13
Levofloxacin 750 iv/750 po or iv54

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Number of Participants With No Worsening and Absence of New AP Signs and Clinical Symptoms at PTE Visit (ITT Population)

Participants recorded their assessments using the mPSAQ, a 6-item questionnaire that assessed the levels of 'severity' and 'bothersomeness' for six pyelonephritis signs and symptoms. The sub-scale responses were recorded as 'did not have', 'mild', 'moderate', and 'severe' for 'severity'; and 'not at all', 'a little', 'moderately', and 'a lot' for 'bothersomeness', both scored 0-3. Total scores were calculated by summing the non-missing scores of the 6 items, divided by the number of non-missing items, and then multiplied by 6. For each sub-scale, the total score ranged from 0 (least Severe/ least bothersome) and 18 (worst severity/most bothersome). Number of participants with no worsening and absence of AP signs and clinical symptoms is reported. No worsening meant that each question score is same or better at post baseline. (NCT03757234)
Timeframe: Day 21 (A PTE occurred on Day 21 ± 2 days after the participant's first dose of study drug).

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Omadacycline 200 iv/200 iv62
Omadacycline 200 iv/100 iv16
Omadacycline 200 iv/300 po or 100 iv16
Omadacycline 200 iv/450 po or 100 iv15
Levofloxacin 750 iv/750 po or iv65

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Number of Participants With an Investigator Assessment of Clinical Response at the Post Therapy Evaluation (PTE) Visit (ITT Population)

Clinical response was determined by the investigator at the PTE visit by assessing whether or not the participant met the clinical outcome of Clinical Success, Clinical Failure, or Indeterminate. Clinical Success was defined as the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline AP signs and symptoms at the PTE visit such that no additional antimicrobial therapy is required for the current infection. Clinical Failure was defined as no apparent response to therapy or persistence of signs and symptoms of infection or reappearance of signs and symptoms at or before the PTE visit such that use of additional systemic antimicrobial therapy for the current infection was required or death at or before the PTE visit. The clinical outcome was deemed as Indeterminate when the PTE visit was not completed. (NCT03757234)
Timeframe: Day 21 (A PTE occurred on Day 21 ± 2 days after the participant's first dose of study drug).

,,,,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Clinical SuccessClinical FailureIndeterminate
Levofloxacin 750 iv/750 po or iv6914
Omadacycline 200 iv/100 iv1512
Omadacycline 200 iv/200 iv6852
Omadacycline 200 iv/300 po or 100 iv1520
Omadacycline 200 iv/450 po or 100 iv1601

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Number of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events

An adverse event is any untoward, undesired, or unplanned event in the form of signs, symptoms, disease, or laboratory or physiologic observations occurring in a person given a study drug or in a clinical study. A treatment-emergent adverse event was defined as any adverse event that newly appeared, increased in frequency, or worsened in severity on or after the initiation of the study drug. (NCT03757234)
Timeframe: up to approximately 28 days

,,,,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Treatment Emergent Adverse EventsTreatment Emergent Serious Adverse Events
Levofloxacin 750 iv/750 po or iv242
Omadacycline 200 iv/100 iv60
Omadacycline 200 iv/200 iv230
Omadacycline 200 iv/300 po or 100 iv92
Omadacycline 200 iv/450 po or 100 iv82

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Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events

Questionnaire to measure the number of Participants with Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (NCT04039412)
Timeframe: 10-14 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
(1) Reverse Hybrid Regimen49
(2) Hybrid Regimen58
(3) Levofloxacin Quadruple Regimen44

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Percentage of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Cure

Measuring the curative rate of each regimen by a fecal antigen test (NCT04039412)
Timeframe: 40-44 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
(1) Reverse Hybrid Regimen102
(2) Hybrid Regimen101
(3) Levofloxacin Quadruple Regimen91

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Rate of Helicobacter Pylori Treatment Completion

Questionnaire to evaluate the compliance with each treatment regimen (NCT04039412)
Timeframe: 10-14 days

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
(1) Reverse Hybrid Regimen109
(2) Hybrid Regimen107
(3) Levofloxacin Quadruple Regimen108

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Number of Participant With Urinary Tract Infection

Urinary tract infection is defined based on the result of urinalysis in which one of the following condition present : leukocyes > 5 / high power field, bacteria positive, nitrite positive, and/or positive leukocyte esterase (NCT05219877)
Timeframe: 4 days after urodynamic

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Pre-urodynamic Levofloxacin12
Post-urodynamic Levofloxacin13

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SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
ethylene dichloride
ethylene dichloride: RN given refers to 1,2-isomer; structure given in first source. 1,2-dichloroethane : A member of the class of chloroethanes substituted by two chloro groups at positions 1 and 2.		2.4620chloroethaneshepatotoxic agent;
mutagen;
non-polar solvent
gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.		2.7330amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid		human metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
signalling molecule
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
[no description available]		2.0510hydroxybenzaldehydeEC 1.14.17.1 (dopamine beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring.		2.0510monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
plant metabolite
aminolevulinic acid
Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.		3.15104-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
delta-amino acid		antineoplastic agent;
dermatologic drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ethylene glycol
Ethylene Glycol: A colorless, odorless, viscous dihydroxy alcohol. It has a sweet taste, but is poisonous if ingested. Ethylene glycol is the most important glycol commercially available and is manufactured on a large scale in the United States. It is used as an antifreeze and coolant, in hydraulic fluids, and in the manufacture of low-freezing dynamites and resins.. ethanediol : Any diol that is ethane or substituted ethane carrying two hydroxy groups.. ethylene glycol : A 1,2-glycol compound produced via reaction of ethylene oxide with water.		2.4620ethanediol;
glycol		metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
solvent;
toxin
acetic acid
Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.		3.0140monocarboxylic acidantimicrobial food preservative;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
food acidity regulator;
protic solvent
acetamide
acetimidic acid : A carboximidic acid that is acetic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.		2.0510acetamides;
carboximidic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia
adenine
[no description available]		2.75306-aminopurines;
purine nucleobase		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
allantoin
[no description available]		2.0510imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
ureas		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
vulnerary
curdlan
D-hexose : A hexose that has D-configuration at position 5.		2.2110hexose
ammonium hydroxide
azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2.		2.4110azane;
gas molecular entity;
mononuclear parent hydride		EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
nucleophilic reagent;
refrigerant
quinacrine
Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.		3.1550acridines;
aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		antimalarial;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
beta-alanine
[no description available]		2.110amino acid zwitterion;
beta-amino acid		agonist;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
inhibitor;
neurotransmitter
benzoic acid
Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.		2.110benzoic acidsalgal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
benzyl alcohol
Benzyl Alcohol: A colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.. hydroxytoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. benzyl alcohol : An aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent.. aromatic alcohol : Any alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.. aromatic primary alcohol : Any primary alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.		2.0410benzyl alcoholsantioxidant;
fragrance;
metabolite;
solvent
betaine
glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.		4.2750amino-acid betaine;
glycine derivative		fundamental metabolite
bis(4-nitrophenyl)phosphate
bis(4-nitrophenyl)phosphate: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1710aryl phosphate
butyric acid
Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group.		2.6320fatty acid 4:0;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		human urinary metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
formic acid
formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects.		2.110monocarboxylic acidantibacterial agent;
astringent;
metabolite;
protic solvent;
solvent
carnitine
[no description available]		3.2860amino-acid betainehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
catechol
[no description available]		3.3110catecholsallelochemical;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
methane
Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).		5.7351alkane;
gas molecular entity;
mononuclear parent hydride;
one-carbon compound		bacterial metabolite;
fossil fuel;
greenhouse gas
choline
[no description available]		2.6930cholinesallergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutrient;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
citric acid, anhydrous
Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.		2.5320tricarboxylic acidantimicrobial agent;
chelator;
food acidity regulator;
fundamental metabolite
chlorine
chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.		3.1650halide anion;
monoatomic chlorine		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms.		2.0410chlorine molecular entity;
gas molecular entity;
hydrogen halide;
mononuclear parent hydride		mouse metabolite
coumarin
2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative		2.4820coumarinsfluorescent dye;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
cuminaldehyde
cuminaldehyde : A member of the class of benzaldehydes that is benzaldehyde substituted by an isopropyl group at position 4. It is a component of essential oils from Cumin and exhibits insecticidal activities.		2.2510benzaldehydesinsecticide;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
salicylic acid
Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).		3.6690monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor;
keratolytic drug;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
gallic acid
gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.		7.8330trihydroxybenzoic acidantineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
astringent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
octanoic acid
octanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1764. octanoic acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens of a terminal methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. Octanoic acid is also known as caprylic acid.		2.610medium-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		antibacterial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
4-aminophenol
4-aminophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-aminophenol : An amino phenol (one of the three possible isomers) which has the single amino substituent located para to the phenolic -OH group.		2.0510aminophenolallergen;
metabolite
bupropion
Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		4.7690aromatic ketone;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
guaiacol
Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position.		2.0710guaiacolsdisinfectant;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
expectorant;
plant metabolite
aminocaproic acid
Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.		4.460amino acid zwitterion;
epsilon-amino acid;
omega-amino fatty acid		antifibrinolytic drug;
hematologic agent;
metabolite
creatine
[no description available]		2.0510glycine derivative;
guanidines;
zwitterion		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical
lactic acid
Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.		3.57802-hydroxy monocarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.		4.5651sulfoxide;
volatile organic compound		alkylating agent;
antidote;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
MRI contrast agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
polar aprotic solvent;
radical scavenger
formaldehyde
paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy		2.8630aldehyde;
one-carbon compound		allergen;
carcinogenic agent;
disinfectant;
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hexachlorocyclohexane
Lindane: An organochlorine insecticide made up of greater than 99% gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane. It has been used as a pediculicide and scabicide, and shown to cause cancer.. beta-hexachlorocyclohexane : The beta-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane.		2.4620chlorocyclohexane
glutaric acid
glutaric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. glutaric acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is a linear five-carbon dicarboxylic acid.		1.9910alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
dicarboxylic fatty acid		Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite
glycine
[no description available]		2.9840alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical
glycerol
Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.		2.4520alditol;
triol		algal metabolite;
detergent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
solvent
alpha-glycerophosphoric acid
[no description available]		2.0410glycerol monophosphatealgal metabolite;
human metabolite
hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen Cyanide: Hydrogen cyanide (HCN); A toxic liquid or colorless gas. It is found in the smoke of various tobacco products and released by combustion of nitrogen-containing organic materials.. hydrogen cyanide : A one-carbon compound consisting of a methine group triple bonded to a nitrogen atom		2.4110hydracid;
one-carbon compound		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
poison
histamine
[no description available]		3.1450aralkylamino compound;
imidazoles		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
hydrogen
Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.		7.4110elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity		antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite
hydroquinone
[no description available]		3.6120benzenediol;
hydroquinones		antioxidant;
carcinogenic agent;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
skin lightening agent
imidazole
imidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1H-imidazole : An imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1.		2.2110imidazole
iodine
Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge..		4.2531diatomic iodinenutrient
dihydroxyphenylalanine
Dihydroxyphenylalanine: A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific.. dopa : A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring.		2.110hydroxyphenylalanine;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
tyrosine derivative		human metabolite
kynurenine
Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.. kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group.		4.5711aromatic ketone;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
substituted aniline		human metabolite
thioctic acid
Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.		2.2110dithiolanes;
heterocyclic fatty acid;
thia fatty acid		fundamental metabolite;
geroprotector
methanol
Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.		3.2150alkyl alcohol;
one-carbon compound;
primary alcohol;
volatile organic compound		amphiprotic solvent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fuel;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
inositol
Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration.		2.9740cyclitol;
hexol
melatonin
[no description available]		2.7630acetamides;
tryptamines		anticonvulsant;
central nervous system depressant;
geroprotector;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunological adjuvant;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger
acetanilide
acetanilide: a phenylacetamide; use ACETANILIDES for the plural group meaning of the singular term. N-phenylacetamide : A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group.		2.0710acetamides;
anilide		analgesic
nickel
Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28.		7.5320metal allergen;
nickel group element atom		epitope;
micronutrient
niacinamide
nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.		2.0510pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinecarboxamide;
vitamin B3		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
Sir2 inhibitor
niacin
Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.		4.6780pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinemonocarboxylic acid;
vitamin B3		antidote;
antilipemic drug;
EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
nitrates
Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.		1.9810monovalent inorganic anion;
nitrogen oxoanion;
reactive nitrogen species
1-octanol
1-Octanol: A colorless, slightly viscous liquid used as a defoaming or wetting agent. It is also used as a solvent for protective coatings, waxes, and oils, and as a raw material for plasticizers. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). octan-1-ol : An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1.		2.520octanol;
primary alcohol		antifungal agent;
bacterial metabolite;
fuel additive;
kairomone;
plant metabolite
orotic acid
Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6.		2.0510pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
4-aminobenzoic acid
4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group.		2.4820aminobenzoic acid;
aromatic amino-acid zwitterion		allergen;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
phenol
[no description available]		2.0510phenolsantiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phenylacetic acid
phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group.		2.0510benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenylacetic acids		allergen;
Aspergillus metabolite;
auxin;
EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
toxin
phthalic acid
phthalic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7178. phthalic acid : A benzenedicarboxylic acid cosisting of two carboxy groups at ortho positions.		2.0510benzenedicarboxylic acidhuman xenobiotic metabolite
picolinic acid
picolinic acid: iron-chelating agent that inhibits DNA synthesis; may interfere with iron-dependent production of stable free organic radical which is essential for ribonucleotide reductase formation of deoxyribonucleotides; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7206. picolinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position 2. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of tryptophan.		2.110pyridinemonocarboxylic acidhuman metabolite;
MALDI matrix material
propionic acid
propionic acid : A short-chain saturated fatty acid comprising ethane attached to the carbon of a carboxy group.		2.5320saturated fatty acid;
short-chain fatty acid		antifungal drug
putrescine
[no description available]		210alkane-alpha,omega-diamineantioxidant;
fundamental metabolite
pyrazinamide
pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.		14.025713monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia;
pyrazines		antitubercular agent;
prodrug
pyridine
azine : An organonitrogen compound of general structure RCH=N-N=CHR or RR'C=N-N=CRR'.		2.2110azaarene;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene;
pyridines		environmental contaminant;
NMR chemical shift reference compound
pyridoxal phosphate
Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).. pyridoxal 5'-phosphate : The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal.		2.0510methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
pyridinecarbaldehyde;
vitamin B6 phosphate		coenzyme;
cofactor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxamine
[no description available]		2.110aminoalkylpyridine;
hydroxymethylpyridine;
monohydroxypyridine;
vitamin B6		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
iron chelator;
mouse metabolite;
nephroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyridoxine
4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).		4.4260hydroxymethylpyridine;
methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
vitamin B6		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyruvic acid
Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis.		2.59202-oxo monocarboxylic acidcofactor;
fundamental metabolite
sarcosine
cocobetaine: N-alkyl-betaine; cause of shampoo dermatitis		7.1110N-alkylglycine zwitterion;
N-alkylglycine;
N-methyl-amino acid;
N-methylglycines		Escherichia coli metabolite;
glycine receptor agonist;
glycine transporter 1 inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
sulfites
Sulfites: Inorganic salts of sulfurous acid.. sulfites : Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.. organosulfonate oxoanion : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid.. sulfite : A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3).		2.0710divalent inorganic anion;
sulfur oxide;
sulfur oxoanion
spermidine
[no description available]		210polyazaalkane;
triamine		autophagy inducer;
fundamental metabolite;
geroprotector
spermine
[no description available]		210polyazaalkane;
tetramine		antioxidant;
fundamental metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
succinic acid
Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851). succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle.		2.0410alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
C4-dicarboxylic acid		anti-ulcer drug;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
radiation protective agent
thiamine
thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.		4.2550primary alcohol;
vitamin B1		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
trimethylamine
[no description available]		2.110methylamines;
tertiary amine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite
tryptophan
[no description available]		2.110alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
aminoalkylindole;
aromatic amino acid;
polar amino acid		Daphnia magna metabolite
tryptamine
[no description available]		2.0510aminoalkylindole;
aralkylamino compound;
indole alkaloid;
tryptamines		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
uracil
2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder		2.0510pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		allergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
urea
pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.		17.492917isourea;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
one-carbon compound		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fertilizer;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
catechin
[no description available]		3.6120hydroxyflavan
menthol
Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.		2.0510p-menthane monoterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		volatile oil component
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine: supposed metabolite of TRAZODONE; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine : A N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine carrying a 3-chlorophenyl substituent at position 1. It is a metabolite of the antidepressant drug trazodone.		2.4620monochlorobenzenes;
N-arylpiperazine		drug metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
serotonergic agonist;
xenobiotic
hoe 33342
BXI-72: structure in first source		2.0510bibenzimidazole;
N-methylpiperazine		fluorochrome
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.. 2,4-D : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2 and 4 are substituted by chlorines.		2.110chlorophenoxyacetic acid;
dichlorobenzene		agrochemical;
defoliant;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
phenoxy herbicide;
synthetic auxin
2,4-dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions.		2.4620dinitrophenolallergen;
antiseptic drug;
bacterial xenobiotic metabolite;
geroprotector;
oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor
3-methylcholanthrene
Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.. 3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position.		2.4620ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenearyl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
carcinogenic agent
enprofylline
enprofylline : Xanthine bearing a propyl substituent at position 3. A bronchodilator, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy.		2.7430oxopurineanti-arrhythmia drug;
anti-asthmatic drug;
bronchodilator agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-2-azabenzimidazole
4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole: a CK2 kinase inhibitor		3.4110
phenytoin
[no description available]		10.17140imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
oxyquinoline
Oxyquinoline: An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.. quinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8. Its fungicidal properties are used for the control of grey mould on vines and tomatoes.		3.6220monohydroxyquinolineantibacterial agent;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug;
iron chelator
tacrine
Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.		4.07140acridines;
aromatic amine		EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
acebutolol
Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.		4.85100aromatic amide;
ethanolamines;
ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympathomimetic agent
acetaminophen
Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.		8.13242acetamides;
phenols		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
human blood serum metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
acetarsol
[no description available]		2.0710acetamides;
anilide
acetazolamide
Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)		4.6680monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		anticonvulsant;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetohexamide
Acetohexamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.. acetohexamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a p-acetylphenylsulfonyl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced by a cyclohexyl group.		2.7530acetophenones;
N-sulfonylurea		hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
acetohydroxamic acid
acetohydroxamic acid: urease inhibitor. oxime : Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.. N-hydroxyacetimidic acid : A carbohydroximic acid consisting of acetimidic acid having a hydroxy group attached to the imide nitrogen.. acetohydroxamic acid : A member of the class of acetohydroxamic acids that is acetamide in which one of the amino hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group.		3.8530acetohydroxamic acids;
carbohydroximic acid		algal metabolite;
EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
methacholine
methacholine : A quaternary ammonium ion in which the nitrogen is substituted with three methyl groups and a 2-acetoxypropyl group. Parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor drug used in clinical diagnosis.		2.0410acetate ester;
quaternary ammonium ion		bronchoconstrictor agent;
cholinergic agonist;
epitope;
muscarinic agonist;
vasodilator agent
ethacridine
Ethacridine: A topically applied anti-infective agent.		2.0710acridines
4-(acetylamino)benzeneacetic acid
[no description available]		2.0710acetamides;
anilide
adiphenine
adiphenine: was heading 1963-94; use DIPHENYLACETIC ACIDS to search ADIPHENINE 1966-94		2.0710diarylmethane
aklomide
aklomide: structure		2.0710carbonyl compound;
organohalogen compound
alaproclate
alaproclate: specific 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitors; RN given refers to (DL)-isomer		3.2310alpha-amino acid ester
albendazole
[no description available]		4.5670aryl sulfide;
benzimidazoles;
benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide;
carbamate ester		anthelminthic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
albuterol
Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).		6.25101phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
alendronate
alendronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups.		3.87301,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
primary amino compound		bone density conservation agent;
EC 2.5.1.1 (dimethylallyltranstransferase) inhibitor
alfuzosin
alfuzosin: structure given in first source		3.8630monocarboxylic acid amide;
quinazolines;
tetrahydrofuranol		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent
alosetron
alosetron : A pyrido[4,3-b]indole compound having a 5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl group at the 2-position.		4.3960imidazoles;
pyridoindole		antiemetic;
gastrointestinal drug;
serotonergic antagonist
alprazolam
Alprazolam: A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238). alprazolam : A member of the class of triazolobenzodiazepines that is 4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine carrying methyl, phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 1, 6 and 8 respectively. Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have taken this drug.		4.5470organochlorine compound;
triazolobenzodiazepine		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA agonist;
muscle relaxant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
alprenolol
Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent.		3.6690secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
altretamine
Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.		3.8530triamino-1,3,5-triazine
amantadine
amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source		6.08150adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		analgesic;
antiparkinson drug;
antiviral drug;
dopaminergic agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
ambenonium
ambenonium : A symmetrical oxalamide-based bis-quaternary ammonium ion having ethyl and 2-chlorobenzyl groups attached to the nitrogens.		3.2310quaternary ammonium ionEC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
ambroxol
Ambroxol: A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.		2.7430aromatic amine
diatrizoic acid
Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.		3.8730acetamides;
benzoic acids;
organoiodine compound		environmental contaminant;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
amifostine anhydrous
Amifostine: A phosphorothioate proposed as a radiation-protective agent. It causes splenic vasodilation and may block autonomic ganglia.. amifostine : An organic thiophosphate that is the S-phospho derivative of 2-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol. A prodrug for the free thiol, WR-1065, which is used as a cytoprotectant in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy.		3.5620diamine;
organic thiophosphate		antioxidant;
prodrug;
radiation protective agent
aminoglutethimide
Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.		3.4470dicarboximide;
piperidones;
substituted aniline		adrenergic agent;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
pimagedine
pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide.		2.0510guanidines;
one-carbon compound		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
p-aminohippuric acid
p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow.		5.1380N-acylglycineDaphnia magna metabolite
theophylline
[no description available]		7.24171dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory agent;
bronchodilator agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
immunomodulator;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
amiodarone
Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.		10.552101-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone;
organoiodine compound;
tertiary amino compound		cardiovascular drug
dan 2163
[no description available]		2.9840aromatic amide;
aromatic amine;
benzamides;
pyrrolidines;
sulfone		environmental contaminant;
second generation antipsychotic;
xenobiotic
amitriptyline
Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.		5.45190carbotricyclic compound;
tertiary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
amlexanox
amlexanox: SRA-A antagonist;structure given in first source. amlexanox : A pyridochromene-derived monocarboxylic acid having an amino substituent at the 2-position, an oxo substituent at the 5-position and an isopropyl substituent at the 7-position.		2.4520monocarboxylic acid;
pyridochromene		anti-allergic agent;
anti-ulcer drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
amlodipine
Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.		5.18140dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
amobarbital
Amobarbital: A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565). amobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by a 3-methylbutyl and an ethyl group at position 5. Amobarbital has been shown to exhibit sedative and hypnotic properties.		2.4620barbiturates
amodiaquine
Amodiaquine: A 4-aminoquinoline compound with anti-inflammatory properties.. amodiaquine : A quinoline having a chloro group at the 7-position and an aryl amino group at the 4-position.		2.830aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
phenols;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 2.1.1.8 (histamine N-methyltransferase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
amoxapine
Amoxapine: The N-demethylated derivative of the antipsychotic agent LOXAPINE that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, or both; it also blocks dopamine receptors. Amoxapine is used for the treatment of depression.. amoxapine : A dibenzooxazepine compound having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 11-position.		4.5570dibenzooxazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
dopaminergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
amprolium
Amprolium: A veterinary coccidiostat that interferes with THIAMINE metabolism.. amprolium : An organic chloride salt having 1-[(4-amino-2-propylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-2-methylpyridin-1-ium as the counterion. Used for prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and cattle.. amprolium(1+) : A pyridinium ion that is the cationic portion of amprolium, a veterinary drug which is used for prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and cattle.		2.0710pyridinium ioncoccidiostat
amsacrine
Amsacrine: An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.. amsacrine : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and an acridin-9-ylamino group at position 4. It exhibits antineoplastic activity.		2.9840acridines;
aromatic ether;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
anastrozole
[no description available]		4.2550nitrile;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
anethole trithione
Anethole Trithione: Choleretic used to allay dry mouth and constipation due to tranquilizers.		2.0510methoxybenzenes
antazoline
Antazoline: An antagonist of histamine H1 receptors.. antazoline : A member of the class of imidazolines that is 2-aminomethyl-2-imidazoline in which the exocyclic amino hydrogens are replaced by benzyl and phenyl groups. Antazoline is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.		2.4620aromatic amine;
imidazolines;
tertiary amino compound		cholinergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
anthralin
Anthralin: An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.. anthralin : An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9.		2.4720anthracenesantipsoriatic
antipyrine
Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.		3.4370pyrazoloneantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-10,11-diol
[no description available]		2.0710aporphine alkaloid
apraclonidine
apraclonidine: relieves postoperative intraocular pressure following trabeculoplasty; RN given refers to parent cpd. apraclonidine : An imidazoline that is 2-amino 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazoline in which one of the exocyclic amino hydrogens has been replaced by a 4-amino-2,6-dichlorophenyl group.		2.0210dichlorobenzene;
guanidines;
imidazolines		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
antiglaucoma drug;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
diagnostic agent;
ophthalmology drug
arecoline
Arecoline: An alkaloid obtained from the betel nut (Areca catechu), fruit of a palm tree. It is an agonist at both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It is used in the form of various salts as a ganglionic stimulant, a parasympathomimetic, and a vermifuge, especially in veterinary practice. It has been used as a euphoriant in the Pacific Islands.. arecoline : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine with a methyl group at position 1, and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3. An alkaloid found in the areca nut, it acts as an agonist of muscarinic acetylcholine.		2.4920enoate ester;
methyl ester;
pyridine alkaloid;
tetrahydropyridine		metabolite;
muscarinic agonist
aspirin
Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.		6.55141benzoic acids;
phenyl acetates;
salicylates		anticoagulant;
antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant activator;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin antagonist;
teratogenic agent
astemizole
Astemizole: Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.. astemizole : A piperidine compound having a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the 1-position and an N-[(4-fluorobenzyl)benzimidazol-2-yl]amino group at the 4-position.		3.6590benzimidazoles;
piperidines		anti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
atenolol
Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.		5.3160ethanolamines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
sympatholytic agent;
xenobiotic
azathioprine
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.		4.86100aryl sulfide;
C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
thiopurine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
azelaic acid
nonanedioic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is heptane substituted at positions 1 and 7 by carboxy groups.		2.0210alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
dicarboxylic fatty acid		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
dermatologic drug;
plant metabolite
azelastine
azelastine: azeptin is azelastine hydrochloride; structure; eye drop formulation effective in relieving symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis; do not confuse with 5-loxin which is an extract of Boswellia. azelastine : A phthalazine compound having an oxo substituent at the 1-position, a 1-methylazepan-4-yl group at the 2-position and a 4-chlorobenzyl substituent at the 4-position.		2.9640monochlorobenzenes;
phthalazines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
aztreonam
Aztreonam: A monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It is resistant to beta-lactamases and is used in gram-negative infections, especially of the meninges, bladder, and kidneys. It may cause a superinfection with gram-positive organisms.. aztreonam : A synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic (monobactam), used primarily to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. It inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thereby blocking peptidoglycan crosslinking.		9.6680
baclofen
[no description available]		4.4160amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		central nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
muscle relaxant
barbital
5,5-diethylbarbituric acid : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by two ethyl groups. Formerly used as a hypnotic (sleeping aid).		2.4520barbituratesdrug allergen
bendazac
bendazac : A monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts.		3.5920indazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger
bendroflumethiazide
Bendroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810). bendroflumethiazide : A sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group.		3.8630benzothiadiazine;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
benserazide
Benserazide: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that does not enter the central nervous system. It is often given with LEVODOPA in the treatment of parkinsonism to prevent the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, thereby increasing the amount that reaches the central nervous system and reducing the required dose. It has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.. benserazide : A carbohydrazide that results from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of DL-serine with the primary amino group of 4-(hydrazinylmethyl)benzene-1,2,3-triol. An aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor) that does not enter the central nervous system, it is used as its hydrochloride salt as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. By preventing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, it causes an increase in the amount of levodopa reaching the central nervous system and so reduces the required dose. Benserazide has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.		2.0710carbohydrazide;
catechols;
primary alcohol;
primary amino compound		antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
benzamide
benzamide : An aromatic amide that consists of benzene bearing a single carboxamido substituent. The parent of the class of benzamides.		2.4520benzamides
benzbromarone
Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication.		4.55701-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone		uricosuric drug
benzocaine
Benzocaine: A surface anesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along NERVE FIBERS and at NERVE ENDINGS.. dextran sulfate sodium : An organic sodium salt of dextran sulfate. It induces colitis in mice.. benzocaine : A benzoate ester having 4-aminobenzoic acid as the acid component and ethanol as the alcohol component. A surface anaesthetic, it is used to suppress the gag reflex, and as a lubricant and topical anaesthetic on the larynx, mouth, nasal cavity, respiratory tract, oesophagus, rectum, urinary tract, and vagina.		2.7630benzoate ester;
substituted aniline		allergen;
antipruritic drug;
sensitiser;
topical anaesthetic
benzquinamide
[no description available]		2.0410monocarboxylic acid amideantiemetic;
antipsychotic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
sedative
benzothiazide
benzothiazide: structure. benzthiazide : 7-Sulfamoyl-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by chlorine and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzylsulfanylmethyl group. A diuretic, it is used to treat hypertension and edema.		2.4720benzothiadiazine;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
bepridil
Bepridil: A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.. bepridil : A tertiary amine in which the substituents on nitrogen are benzyl, phenyl and 3-(2-methylpropoxy)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl.		3.2860pyrrolidines;
tertiary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
berberine
[no description available]		3.9730alkaloid antibiotic;
berberine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
metabolite;
potassium channel blocker
bethanidine
Bethanidine: A guanidinium antihypertensive agent that acts by blocking adrenergic transmission. The precise mode of action is not clear.		2.0410guanidinesadrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
betaxolol
[no description available]		4.6680propanolamineantihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
bethanechol
Bethanechol: A slowly hydrolyzing muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, HEART RATE changes, and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. bethanechol : The carbamic acid ester of 2-methylcholine. A slowly hydrolysed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects, it is used as its chloride salt to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the gastrointestinal tract following abdominal surgery, treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and as an alternative to catheterisation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention.		3.620carbamate ester;
quaternary ammonium ion		muscarinic agonist
bevantolol
bevantolol: structure given in first source. bevantolol : A propanolamine that is 3-aminopropane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is substituted by 3-methylphenyl and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl. A beta1 adrenoceptor antagonist, it has been shown to be as effective as other beta-blockers for the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension.		2.4520propanolamineanti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
calcium channel blocker
bicalutamide
bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.		4.5470(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monofluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
sulfone;
tertiary alcohol
bay h 4502
bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.		2.4720biphenyls;
imidazoles
biperiden
Biperiden: A muscarinic antagonist that has effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine.. biperiden : A member of the class of piperidines that is N-propylpiperidine in which the methyl hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy, phenyl, and 5-norbornen-2-yl groups. A muscarinic antagonist affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, it is used in the treatment of all forms of Parkinson's disease.		3.8630piperidines;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antidote to sarin poisoning;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
parasympatholytic
bisacodyl
Bisacodyl: A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)		5.1750diarylmethane
bisoprolol
Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.		4.5470secondary alcohol;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
bithionol
Bithionol: Halogenated anti-infective agent that is used against trematode and cestode infestations.. bithionol : An aryl sulfide that is diphenyl sulfide in which each phenyl group is substituted at position 2 by hydroxy and at positions 3 and 5 by chlorine. A fungicide and anthelmintic, it was used in various topical drug products for the treatment of liver flukes, but withdrawn after being shown to be a potent photosensitizer with the potential to cause serious skin disorders.		2.7630aryl sulfide;
bridged diphenyl antifungal drug;
bridged diphenyl fungicide;
dichlorobenzene;
organochlorine pesticide;
polyphenol		antifungal agrochemical;
antiplatyhelmintic drug
bretylium
bretylium: RN given refers to parent cpd. bretylium : A quaternary ammonium cation having 2-bromobenzyl, ethyl and two methyl groups attached to the nitrogen. It blocks noradrenaline release from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.		2.0710quaternary ammonium ionadrenergic antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent
brimonidine
[no description available]		2.0210imidazoles;
quinoxaline derivative;
secondary amine		adrenergic agonist;
alpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypertensive agent
bromazepam
Bromazepam: One of the BENZODIAZEPINES that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.		2.7430organic molecular entity
bromhexine
Bromhexine: A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p744). bromhexine : A substituted aniline that is 2,4-dibromoaniline which is substituted at position 6 by a [cyclohexyl(methyl)amino]methyl group. It is used (as the monohydrochloride salt) as a mucolytic for the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with productive cough (i.e. a cough characterised by the production of sputum).		2.7530organobromine compound;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		mucolytic
bromopride
bromopride: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.7530benzamides
bromisovalum
Bromisovalum: A sedative and mild hypnotic with potentially toxic effects.. bromisoval : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-bromisoval. It was previously used for its hypnotic and sedative properties but the use of bromides is now deprecated due to the possibility of the toxic accumulation of bromine in the body.. 2-bromo-N-carbamoyl-3-methylbutanamide : An N-acylurea that is urea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a 2-bromo-3-methybutanoyl group.		2.0510N-acylurea;
organobromine compound
seratrodast
[no description available]		2.0710organic molecular entity
bronopol
[no description available]		2.0810nitro compound
brotizolam
brotizolam: structure		2.4520organic molecular entity
buflomedil
buflomedil: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonym LL 1656 refers to HCl; structure		2.7430aromatic ketone
bumetanide
[no description available]		5.67140amino acid;
benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		diuretic;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
bunazosin
bunazosin: structure		2.0410quinazolines
bunitrolol
bunitrolol: was heading 1975-94 (see under PROPANOLAMINES 1975-90); KO 1366 was see BUNITROLOL 1975-94; use PROPANOLAMINES to search BUNITROLOL 1975-94; a beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist with weak antiarrhythmic activity and minor ability to decrease the heart rate		2.0410aromatic ether
bupivacaine
Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.		3.4470aromatic amide;
piperidinecarboxamide;
tertiary amino compound
bupranolol
Bupranolol: An adrenergic-beta-2 antagonist that has been used for cardiac arrhythmia, angina pectoris, hypertension, glaucoma, and as an antithrombotic.		2.0410aromatic ether
buspirone
Buspirone: An anxiolytic agent and serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the BENZODIAZAPINES, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.. buspirone : An azaspiro compound that is 8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 4-(piperazin-1-yl)butyl group which in turn is substituted by a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the N(4) position.		5.03120azaspiro compound;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
piperidones;
pyrimidines		anxiolytic drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
sedative;
serotonergic agonist
busulfan
[no description available]		5.02120methanesulfonate esteralkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
insect sterilant;
teratogenic agent
secbutabarbital
secbutabarbital: Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital) should be distinguished from Butobarbital		3.2310barbiturates
butacaine
butacaine: was MH 1965-92; BUTAPROBENZ & BUTOCAIN were see BUTACAINE 1978-92; use 4-AMINOBENZOIC ACID to search BUTACAINE 1966-92		2.0710benzoate ester
butalbital
butalbital: management of butalbital withdrawal can be simplified by using a phenobarbital-loading protocol; RN given refers to parent cpd. butalbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by an allyl group and an isobutyl group. Frequently combined with other medicines, such as aspirin, paracetamol and codeine, it is used for treatment of pain and headache.		2.4520barbituratesanalgesic;
sedative
butamben
butamben: structure. butamben : An amino acid ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-aminobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of butan-1-ol. Its local anaesthetic properties have been used for surface anaesthesia of the skin and mucous membranes, and for relief of pain and itching associated with some anorectal disorders.		2.0710amino acid ester;
benzoate ester;
primary amino compound;
substituted aniline		local anaesthetic
butenafine
butenafine: studied on experimental dermatophytosis. butenafine : Trimethylamine in which hydrogen atoms attached to different methyl groups are substituted by 1-naphthyl and 4-tert-butylphenyl groups. It is an inhibitor of squalene epoxidase, an enzyme responsible for the creation of sterols needed in fungal cell membranes, and is used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of dermatological fungal infections.		2.0210naphthalenes;
tertiary amine		antifungal drug;
EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor
caffeine
[no description available]		5.4180purine alkaloid;
trimethylxanthine		adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
adenosine receptor antagonist;
adjuvant;
central nervous system stimulant;
diuretic;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		6.05210aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
metrizoate
Metrizoic Acid: A diagnostic radiopaque that usually occurs as the sodium salt.		2.7330monocarboxylic acidradioopaque medium
camostat
camostat : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-guanidinobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate. It is a potent inhibitor of the human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and its mesylate salt is currently under investigation for its effectiveness in COVID-19 patients.		2.0810benzoate ester;
carboxylic ester;
diester;
guanidines;
tertiary carboxamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifibrinolytic drug;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
serine protease inhibitor
candesartan cilexetil
candesartan cilexetil: a prodrug which is metabolized to an active form candesartan to exert its biological effects		2.0510biphenyls
candesartan
candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.		4.0840benzimidazolecarboxylic acid;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
carbamylcholine
[no description available]		2.0710
carbamazepine
Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.		5.35170dibenzoazepine;
ureas		analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
glutamate transporter activator;
mitogen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sodium channel blocker;
xenobiotic
carbazochrome
carbazochrome: a hemostatic which increases capillary resistance & activates platelet factors, Note: Adona is a multimeaning tradename		2.0410
carbidopa
[no description available]		2.110benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid
carbinoxamine
carbinoxamine: Note: tradenames that start with Histex refer to more than one drug. carbinoxamine : An organochlorine compound that is 2-(4-chlorobenzyl)pyridine in which one of the benzylic hydrogens is substituted by 2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy group. It is an ethanolamine-type antihistamine, used as its maleate salt for treating hay fever, as well as mild cases of Parkinson's disease.		3.8630monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antiparkinson drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
carisoprodol
Carisoprodol: A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202). carisoprodol : A carbamate ester that is the mono-N-isopropyl derivative of meprobamate (which is a significant metabolite). Carisoprodol interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception. It is used as a muscle relaxant in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.		3.5920carbamate estermuscle relaxant
carmustine
Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.		3.6590N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
carprofen
carprofen: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. carprofen : Propanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs.		2.7630carbazoles;
organochlorine compound		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
photosensitizing agent
carteolol
Carteolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used as an anti-arrhythmia agent, an anti-angina agent, an antihypertensive agent, and an antiglaucoma agent.		2.4420quinolone;
secondary alcohol		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
carvedilol
[no description available]		5.17140carbazoles;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone
Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone: A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.. CCCP : A member of the class of monochlorobenzenes that is benzene substituted by 2-(1,3-dinitrilopropan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl and chloro groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a mitochondrial depolarizing agent that induces reactive oxygen species mediated cell death.		2.7730hydrazone;
monochlorobenzenes;
nitrile		antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
ionophore
cefuroxime
Cefuroxime: Broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase. It has been proposed for infections with gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, GONORRHEA, and HAEMOPHILUS.. cefuroxime : A 3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin compound having a 7-(2Z)-2-(furan-2-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido side chain.		13.44220carbamate ester;
cephalosporin
celecoxib
[no description available]		4.9360organofluorine compound;
pyrazoles;
sulfonamide;
toluenes		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
celiprolol
Celiprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. It is used in the management of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.		2.110aromatic ketone
cefixime
Cefixime: A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that is stable to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases.. cefixime : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic bearing vinyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[(carboxymethoxy)imino]acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used in the treatment of gonorrhoea, tonsilitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, and urinary tract infections.		9.5380
cetirizine
Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.		5.2690ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperazines		anti-allergic agent;
environmental contaminant;
H1-receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
cetyltrimethylammonium ion
Cetrimonium: Cetyltrimethylammonium compound whose salts and derivatives are used primarily as topical antiseptics.. cetyltrimethylammonium ion : A quaternary ammonium ion in which the substituents on nitrogen are one hexadecyl and three methyl groups.		2.5520quaternary ammonium ion
chloral hydrate
[no description available]		2.0510aldehyde hydrate;
ethanediol;
organochlorine compound		general anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
sedative;
xenobiotic
chlorambucil
Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.		4.6680aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
nitrogen mustard;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
chlorcyclizine
chlorcyclizine: was heading 1964-94 (Prov 1964-73); CHLOROCYCLIZINE & HISTACHLORAZINE were see CHLORCYCLIZINE 1977-94; use PIPERAZINES to search CHLORCYCLIZINE 1966-94; histamine H1-blocker used both orally and topically in allergies and also for the prevention of motion sickness		3.8630diarylmethane
chlordiazepoxide
Chlordiazepoxide: An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.. chlordiazepoxide : A benzodiazepine that is 3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a phenyl group at position 5 and a methylamino group at position 2.		4.4160benzodiazepine
chlormezanone
Chlormezanone: A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.. chlormezanone : A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions.		3.85301,3-thiazine;
lactam;
monochlorobenzenes;
sulfone		antipsychotic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
muscle relaxant
chloroquine
Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.		10.68140aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
autophagy inhibitor;
dermatologic drug
chlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812). thiazide : Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.. chlorothiazide : 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position is substituted by chlorine and that at position 7 is substituted by a sulfonamide group. A diuretic, it is used for treatment of oedema and hypertension.		3.5820benzothiadiazineantihypertensive agent;
diuretic
chloroxine
chloroxine : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 have been substituted by chlorine. A synthetic antibacterial prepared by chlorination of quinolin-8-ol, it is used for the treatment of dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp.		2.0410monohydroxyquinoline;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial agent;
antifungal drug;
antiseborrheic
chloroxylenol
chloroxylenol: topical antiseptic; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 3,5-xylenol which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine. It is bactericidal against most Gram-positive bacteria but less effective against Staphylococci and Gram-negative bacteria, and often inactive against Pseudomonas species. It is ineffective against bacterial spores.		2.4720monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
molluscicide
chlorpheniramine
Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.		5.02120monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidepressant;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.		5.55210organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide
Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.		5.17140monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
chlorthalidone
Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.		4.2650isoindoles;
monochlorobenzenes;
sulfonamide
chlorzoxazone
Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.		4.27501,3-benzoxazoles;
heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
organochlorine compound		muscle relaxant;
sedative
cifenline
[no description available]		2.9740diarylmethane
ciclopirox
[no description available]		3.1550cyclic hydroxamic acid;
hydroxypyridone antifungal drug;
pyridone		antibacterial agent;
antiseborrheic
ciglitazone
ciglitazone: structure given in second source; PPAR agonist used for type II diabetes. ciglitazone : An aromatic ether that consists of 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione with position 5 substituted by a 4-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]benzyl group. A selective PPARgamma agonist.		2.7630aromatic ether;
thiazolidinone		antineoplastic agent;
insulin-sensitizing drug
cilostazol
[no description available]		3.8830lactam;
tetrazoles		anticoagulant;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
fibrin modulating drug;
neuroprotective agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
cimetidine
Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.		6.25260aliphatic sulfide;
guanidines;
imidazoles;
nitrile		adjuvant;
analgesic;
anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
aricine
[no description available]		2.0710cinchona alkaloid
cinoxacin
Cinoxacin: Synthetic antimicrobial related to OXOLINIC ACID and NALIDIXIC ACID and used in URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.. cinoxacin : A member of the class of cinnolines that is 6,7-methylenedioxycinnolin-4(1H)-one bearing an ethyl group at position 1 and a carboxylic acid group at position 3. An analogue of oxolinic acid, it has similar antibacterial actions. It was formerly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.		2.7430cinnolines;
oxacycle;
oxo carboxylic acid		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent
ciprofibrate
[no description available]		3.4470cyclopropanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		antilipemic drug
ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.		20.569634aminoquinoline;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor;
xenobiotic
cisapride
Cisapride: A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). cisapride : The amide resulting from formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with cis-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-methoxypiperidin-4-amine. It has been used (as its monohydrate or as its tartrate) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and for non-ulcer dyspepsia, but its propensity to cause cardiac arrhythmias resulted in its complete withdrawal from many countries, including the U.K., and restrictions on its use elsewhere.		3.5480benzamides
citalopram
Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.		6.681612-benzofurans;
cyclic ether;
nitrile;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary amino compound
clioquinol
Clioquinol: A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.. 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by chlorine and iodine, respectively. It has antibacterial and atifungal properties, and is used in creams for the treatment of skin infections. It has also been investigated as a chelator of copper and zinc ions for the possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease.		2.7530monohydroxyquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
organoiodine compound		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
chelator;
copper chelator
clobazam
Clobazam: A benzodiazepine derivative that is a long-acting GABA-A RECEPTOR agonist. It is used as an antiepileptic in the treatment of SEIZURES, including seizures associated with LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME. It is also used as an anxiolytic, for the short-term treatment of acute ANXIETY.. clobazam : 7-Chloro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by a methyl group, whilst that attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a phenyl group. It is used for the short-term management of acute anxiety and as an adjunct in the treatment of epilepsy in association with other antiepileptics.		2.47201,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
clofazimine
Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.		11.5120monochlorobenzenes;
phenazines		dye;
leprostatic drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clofibrate
angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate		4.7690aromatic ether;
ethyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
geroprotector;
PPARalpha agonist
clomiphene
[no description available]		4.2750tertiary amineestrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
clomipramine
Clomipramine: A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.. clomipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.		4.86100dibenzoazepineanticoronaviral agent;
antidepressant;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonergic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
clonazepam
Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.. clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.		4.25501,4-benzodiazepinone;
monochlorobenzenes		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
clonidine
Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.		5.01120clonidine;
imidazoline
4-chloro-N-(2,6-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)-3-sulfamoylbenzamide
[no description available]		2.0810sulfonamide
chlorazepate
clorazepic acid : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone in which the oxo group is at position 2, and which is substituted at positions 3, 5, and 7 by carboxy, phenyl and chloro groups, respectively.		3.84301,4-benzodiazepinoneanticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator;
prodrug
clotiazepam
clotiazepam: was heading 1975-94 (see under AZEPINES 1978-90; was Y 6047 see under AZEPINES 1975-77); Y 6047 was see CLOTIAZEPAM 1978-94; use AZEPINES to search CLOTIAZEPAM 1975-94; thienodiazepine derivative with actions similar to those of benzodiazepines		2.0510organic molecular entity
clotrimazole
[no description available]		5.1880conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes		antiinfective agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cloxyquin
cloxyquin: has antitubercular activity; structure in first source		2.0710organochlorine compound;
quinolines
cromolyn
cromoglycic acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is the bis-chromone derivative of glycerol. It is effective as a mast cell stabilizer.		3.4470chromones;
dicarboxylic acid		anti-asthmatic drug;
calcium channel blocker
cyclandelate
Cyclandelate: A direct-acting SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxant used to dilate BLOOD VESSELS.. cyclandelate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of mandelic acid and 3,3,5-tricyclohexanol. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to dilate blood vessels.		2.7530carboxylic ester;
secondary alcohol		vasodilator agent
cyclobenzaprine
cyclobenzaprine: RN given refers to parent cpd; Lisseril is synonymous for HCl; structure. cyclobenzaprine : 5-Methylidene-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene in which one of the hydrogens of the methylidene group is substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.		4.0840carbotricyclic compoundantidepressant;
muscle relaxant;
tranquilizing drug
cyclofenil
Cyclofenil: A gonadal stimulant and inducer of ovulation. It is used in the treatment of infertility and amenorrhea, but is thought to be less effective than CLOMIPHENE.		3.5820organic molecular entity
cyproheptadine
Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.		3.5920piperidines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
antipruritic drug;
gastrointestinal drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
danthron
danthron: structure. chrysazin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8.		2.0510dihydroxyanthraquinoneapoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
dapsone
[no description available]		5.62130substituted aniline;
sulfone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
leprostatic drug
debrisoquin
Debrisoquin: An adrenergic neuron-blocking drug similar in effects to GUANETHIDINE. It is also noteworthy in being a substrate for a polymorphic cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Persons with certain isoforms of this enzyme are unable to properly metabolize this and many other clinically important drugs. They are commonly referred to as having a debrisoquin 4-hydroxylase polymorphism.		2.4620carboxamidine;
isoquinolines		adrenergic agent;
antihypertensive agent;
human metabolite;
sympatholytic agent
deferoxamine
Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.		3.8630acyclic desferrioxaminebacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
iron chelator;
siderophore
desipramine
Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.		5.29160dibenzoazepine;
secondary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug allergen;
EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
nordazepam
Nordazepam: An intermediate in the metabolism of DIAZEPAM to OXAZEPAM. It may have actions similar to those of diazepam.. nordazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone having phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively; it has anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant and sedative properties but is used primarily in the treatment of anxiety.		2.04101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator;
human metabolite;
sedative
amphetamine
Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.		4.2750primary amine
eflornithine
Eflornithine: An inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, the rate limiting enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.. eflornithine : A fluoroamino acid that is ornithine substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 2.		2.0510alpha-amino acid;
fluoroamino acid		trypanocidal drug
diazepam
Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.		5.171401,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
diazoxide
Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.		4.6780benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfone		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
diuretic;
K-ATP channel agonist;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasodilator agent
dibenzothiophene
dibenzothiophene : A mancude organic heterotricyclic parent that consists of a thiophene ring flanked by two benzene rings ortho-fused across the 2,3- and 4,5-positions.		2.0710dibenzothiophenes;
mancude organic heterotricyclic parent		keratolytic drug
dibucaine
Dibucaine: A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006). cinchocaine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is the 2-(diethylamino)ethyl amide of 2-butoxyquinoline-4-carboxylic acid. One of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics, its parenteral use was restricted to spinal anesthesia. It is now generally only used (usually as the hydrochloride) in creams and ointments and in suppositories for temporary relief of pain and itching associated with skin and anorectal conditions.		2.4720aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound		topical anaesthetic
diclofenac
Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.		6.29260amino acid;
aromatic amine;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
ddt
1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source		2.0510benzenoid aromatic compound;
chlorophenylethane;
monochlorobenzenes;
organochlorine insecticide		bridged diphenyl acaricide;
carcinogenic agent;
endocrine disruptor;
persistent organic pollutant
dichlorphenamide
Dichlorphenamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.. diclofenamide : A sulfonamide that is benzene-1,3-disulfonamide in which the hydrogens at positions 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorine. An oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it partially suppresses the secretion (inflow) of aqueous humor in the eye and so reduces intraocular pressure. It is used for the treatment of glaucoma.		3.8630dichlorobenzene;
sulfonamide		antiglaucoma drug;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor;
ophthalmology drug
dicyclomine
Dicyclomine: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It does have some local anesthetic properties and is used in gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary tract spasms.. dicyclomine : The ester resulting from the formal condensation of 1-cyclohexylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid with 2-(diethylamino)ethanol. An anticholinergic, it is used as the hydrochloride to treat or prevent spasm in the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly that associated with irritable bowel syndrome.		3.620carboxylic ester;
tertiary amine		antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
parasympatholytic
diethylcarbamazine
Diethylcarbamazine: An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa.		2.4620N-carbamoylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine
pentetic acid
Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.		3.2310pentacarboxylic acidcopper chelator
diphenidol
diphenidol: shows anti-arrhythmic activity; RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. diphenidol : A tertiary alcohol that is butan-1-ol substituted by two phenyl groups at position 1 and a piperidin-1-yl group at position 4.		2.0410benzenes;
piperidines;
tertiary alcohol		antiemetic
diflunisal
Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.		4.86100monohydroxybenzoic acid;
organofluorine compound		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
dilacor xr
5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate : A lactam that is 2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one in which positions 2 and 3 are substituted by 4-methoxyphenyl and acetoxy, respectively, while the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group.		2.0710acetate ester;
aromatic ether;
benzothiazepine;
lactam;
tertiary amino compound
dimercaprol
Dimercaprol: An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.. dimercaprol : A dithiol that is propane-1,2-dithiol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. a chelating agent originally developed during World War II as an experimental antidote against the arsenic-based poison gas Lewisite, it has been used clinically since 1949 for the treatment of poisoning by arsenic, mercury and gold. It can also be used for treatment of poisoning by antimony, bismuth and possibly thallium, and (with sodium calcium edetate) in cases of acute leaad poisoning. Administration is by (painful) intramuscular injection of a suspension of dimercaprol in peanut oil, typically every 4 hours for 2-10 days depending on the toxicity. In the past, dimercaprol was also used for the treatment of Wilson's disease, a severely debilitating genetic disorder in which the body tends to retain copper, with resultant liver and brain injury.		3.8630dithiol;
primary alcohol		chelator
dimethadione
Dimethadione: An anticonvulsant that is the active metabolite of TRIMETHADIONE.		2.0710oxazolidinone
diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.		10.28160ether;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
antiparkinson drug;
antipruritic drug;
antitussive;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
oneirogen;
sedative
diphenylpyraline
diphenylpyraline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. allergen : A chemical compound, or part thereof, which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy.. diphenylpyraline : A member of the class of piperidines that is the benzhydryl ether derivative of 1-methyl-4-hydroxypiperidine. A sedating antihistamine, it is used as the hydrochloride for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and hay fever, and in pruritic skin disorders. It is also used as the teoclate salt (piprinhydrinate) as an ingredient in compound preparations for the symptomatic relief of coughs and the common cold.		2.0710piperidines;
tertiary amine		cholinergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist
dipivefrin
dipivefrin: used in treatment of both primary & open angle glaucoma; RN given refers to (+-)-isomer. dipivefrin : The dipivalate ester of (+-)-epinephrine (racepinephrine). A pro-drug of epinephrine, the hydrochloride is used topically as eye drops to reduce intra-ocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.		2.0210ethanolamines;
pivalate ester		adrenergic agonist;
antiglaucoma drug;
ophthalmology drug;
prodrug;
sympathomimetic agent
dipyridamole
Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.		4.4260piperidines;
pyrimidopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound;
tetrol		adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor;
EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
disopyramide
Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.		5.6130monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram
[no description available]		4.5570organic disulfide;
organosulfur acaricide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
fungicide;
NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid
Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.		5.23150branched-chain fatty acid;
branched-chain saturated fatty acid		anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
GABA agent;
neuroprotective agent;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent
domperidone
Domperidone: A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.. domperidone : 1-[3-(Piperidin-1-yl)propyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the 4-position of the piperidine ring is substituted by a 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. A dopamine antagonist, it is used as an antiemetic for the short-term treatment of nausea and vomiting, and to control gastrointestinal effects of dopaminergic drugs given in the management of parkinsonism. The free base is used in oral suspensions, while the maleate salt is used in tablet preparations.		3.5680benzimidazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist
donepezil
Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.		4.88100aromatic ether;
indanones;
piperidines;
racemate		EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
nootropic agent
doxapram
Doxapram: A central respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p1225). doxapram : A member of the class of pyrrolidin-2-ones that is N-ethylpyrrolidin-2-one in which both of the hydrogens at the 3 position (adjacent to the carbonyl group) are substituted by phenyl groups, and one of the hydrogens at the 4 position is substituted by a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride or the hydrochloride hydrate) as a temporary treatment of acute respiratory failure, particularly when superimposed on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and of postoperative respiratory depression. It has also been used for treatment of postoperative shivering.		4.0840morpholines;
pyrrolidin-2-ones		central nervous system stimulant
doxazosin
Doxazosin: A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker.. doxazosin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by an amino group at position 4, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a piperazin-1-yl group at position 2 which in turn is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylcarbonyl group at position 4. An antihypertensive agent, it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure.		10.6351aromatic amine;
benzodioxine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihyperplasia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
vasodilator agent
doxepin
Doxepin: A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.. doxepin : A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug.		4.5470dibenzooxepine;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant
doxylamine
Doxylamine: Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.		3.8630pyridines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
antiemetic;
antitussive;
cholinergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
sedative
droperidol
Droperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593). droperidol : An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon.		4.7590aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound		anaesthesia adjuvant;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
dyclonine
[no description available]		2.4920aromatic ketone;
piperidines		topical anaesthetic
dyphylline
Dyphylline: A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.. dyphylline : An oxopurine that is theophylline bearing a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group at the 7 position. It has broncho- and vasodilator properties, and is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis. It is also an ingredient in preparations that have been promoted for coughs.		4.4160oxopurine;
propane-1,2-diols		bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
e 4031
E 4031: class III anti-arrhythmia agent; structure given in UD		2.7230sulfonamide
ebastine
[no description available]		2.4520organic molecular entity
ebselen
ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase.		2.4420benzoselenazoleanti-inflammatory drug;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor;
EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor;
enzyme mimic;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
genotoxin;
hepatoprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
radical scavenger
econazole
Econazole: An imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.. econazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorobenzyl group.		2.7430dichlorobenzene;
ether;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes
edrophonium
Edrophonium: A rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.. edrophonium : A quaternary ammonium ion that is N-ethyl-N,N-dimethylanilinium in which one of the meta positions is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase, with a rapid onset (30-60 seconds after injection) but a short duration of action (5-15 minutes). The chloride salt is used in myasthenia gravis both diagnostically and to distinguish between under- or over-treatment with other anticholinesterases. It has also been used for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in anaesthesia, and for the management of poisoning due to tetrodotoxin, a neuromuscular blocking toxin found in puffer fish and other marine animals.		3.2310phenols;
quaternary ammonium ion		antidote;
diagnostic agent;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
ellipticine
ellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole carrying two methyl substituents at positions 5 and 11.		2.4620indole alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
polycyclic heteroarene		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
enflurane
Enflurane: An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.. enflurane : An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups.		2.4420ether;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		anaesthetic
enoxacin
Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.		14.252121,8-naphthyridine derivative;
amino acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
epinastine
epinastine: RN given refers parent cpd. epinastine : A benzazepine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,e]azepine in which the azepine ring is fused to the e side of 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine.		2.9540benzazepine;
guanidines		anti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
ophthalmology drug
estazolam
Estazolam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.. estazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a phenyl group at position 6 and a chloro substituent at position 8. A short-acting benzodiazepine with general properties similar to diazepam, it is given by mouth as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia.		3.8530triazoles;
triazolobenzodiazepine		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
ethacrynic acid
Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.		4.2750aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid		EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
loop diuretic
profenamine
profenamine: was heading 1972-94 (see under PHENOTHIAZINES 1972-90); use PHENOTHIAZINES to search ETHOPROPAZINE 1972-94. profenamine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is phenothiazine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)propyl group. An antimuscarinic, it is used as the hydrochloride for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease.		2.4620phenothiazines;
tertiary amino compound		adrenergic antagonist;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
ethosuximide
Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.. ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.		4.2750dicarboximide;
pyrrolidinone		anticonvulsant;
geroprotector;
T-type calcium channel blocker
ethotoin
ethotoin: was heading 1966-94 (see under HYDANTOINS 1966-90); use HYDANTOINS to search ETHOTOIN 1966-94. ethotoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted by ethyl and phenyl at positions 3 and 5, respectively. An antiepileptic, it is less toxic than phenytoin but also less effective.		3.620imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant
ethoxzolamide
Ethoxzolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.. ethoxzolamide : A sulfonamide that is 1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide which is substituted by an ethoxy group at position 6. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it has been used in the treatment of glaucoma, and as a diuretic.		2.0510aromatic ether;
benzothiazoles;
sulfonamide		antiglaucoma drug;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
ethyl loflazepate
ethyl loflazepate: structure given in first source		2.4520organic molecular entity
ethylenediamine
ethylenediamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; edamine is the recommended contraction for the ethylenediamine radical. ethylenediamine : An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine in which the alkane is ethane.		2.0510alkane-alpha,omega-diamineGABA agonist
etidronate
Etidronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.. etidronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is (ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) having a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces.		4.08401,1-bis(phosphonic acid)antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
chelator
etilefrine
Etilefrine: A phenylephrine-related beta-1 adrenergic and alpha adrenergic agonist used as a cardiotonic and antihypotensive agent.		2.7430phenols
etizolam
etizolam: structure given in first source		2.0410organic molecular entity
etodolac
Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.		3.8530monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
brl 42810
[no description available]		4.4602-aminopurines;
acetate ester		antiviral drug;
prodrug
carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone
Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone: A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.. carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone : A hydrazone that is hydrazonomalononitrile in which one of the hydrazine hydrogens is substituted by a p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl group.		2.4620aromatic ether;
hydrazone;
nitrile;
organofluorine compound		ATP synthase inhibitor;
geroprotector;
ionophore
felbamate
Felbamate: A PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA RECEPTORS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES in severe refractory EPILEPSY.. felbamate : The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy.		4.7790carbamate esteranticonvulsant;
neuroprotective agent
4-biphenylylacetic acid
biphenyl-4-ylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is substituted by a biphenyl-4-yl group. An active metabolite of fenbufen, it is used as a topical medicine to treat muscle inflammation and arthritis.		2.0810biphenyls;
monocarboxylic acid		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
felodipine
Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.		4.6580dichlorobenzene;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
fenbufen
fenbufen: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd		7.43204-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
biphenyls		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fendiline
Fendiline: Coronary vasodilator; inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling; proposed as antiarrhythmic and antianginal agents.		2.110diarylmethane
fenfluramine
Fenfluramine: A centrally active drug that apparently both blocks serotonin uptake and provokes transport-mediated serotonin release.. fenfluramine : A secondary amino compound that is 1-phenyl-propan-2-amine in which one of the meta-hydrogens is substituted by trifluoromethyl, and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by an ethyl group. It binds to the serotonin reuptake pump, causing inhbition of serotonin uptake and release of serotonin. The resulting increased levels of serotonin lead to greater serotonin receptor activation which in turn lead to enhancement of serotoninergic transmission in the centres of feeding behavior located in the hypothalamus. This suppresses the appetite for carbohydrates. Fenfluramine was used as the hydrochloride for treatment of diabetes and obesity. It was withdrawn worldwide after reports of heart valve disease and pulmonary hypertension.		2.7330(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
secondary amino compound		appetite depressant;
serotonergic agonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
fenofibrate
Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE		4.5570aromatic ether;
chlorobenzophenone;
isopropyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		antilipemic drug;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
fenoldopam
Fenoldopam: A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation.		3.620benzazepinealpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypertensive agent;
dopamine agonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
fenoprofen
Fenoprofen: A propionic acid derivative that is used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent.. fenoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 3-phenoxyphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the dihydrate form of the calcium salt is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.		3.8630monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
berotek
Fenoterol: A synthetic adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. fenoterol : A member of the class resorcinols that is 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,3-diol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-amino group. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used (as the hydrobromide salt) as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.		2.9740resorcinols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
tocolytic agent
fenspiride
fenspiride: was heading 1975-94 (see under SPIRO COMPOUNDS 1975-90); use SPIRO COMPOUNDS to search FENSPIRIDE 1975-94; bronchodilator agent used in asthma		2.4520azaspiro compound
fentanyl
Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.		3.2960anilide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidines		adjuvant;
anaesthesia adjuvant;
anaesthetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
fexofenadine
fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound.		4.7650piperidines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
fipexide
fipexide: regulates dopaminergic systems at macromolecular level		3.8630benzodioxoles
flavoxate
Flavoxate: A drug that has been used in various urinary syndromes and as an antispasmodic. Its therapeutic usefulness and its mechanism of action are not clear. It may have local anesthetic activity and direct relaxing effects on smooth muscle as well as some activity as a muscarinic antagonist.. flavoxate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid with 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethanol.		3.5820carboxylic ester;
flavones;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
parasympatholytic
flecainide
Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.. flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).		5.09130aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		anti-arrhythmia drug
fleroxacin
Fleroxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial fluoroquinolone. The drug strongly inhibits the DNA-supercoiling activity of DNA GYRASE.. fleroxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8 by 2-fluoroethyl, carboxy, fluoro, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl and fluoro groups, respectively. It is active against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.		8.82110difluorobenzene;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-alkylpiperazine;
quinolines		antibacterial drug;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
fluconazole
Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.		8.38290conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		environmental contaminant;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
flucytosine
Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.		5.02120aminopyrimidine;
nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine antifungal drug;
pyrimidone		prodrug
flufenamic acid
Flufenamic Acid: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p16). flufenamic acid : An aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders.		3.1650aromatic amino acid;
organofluorine compound		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluphenazine
[no description available]		4.0740N-alkylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		anticoronaviral agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flumazenil
Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.		4.95110ethyl ester;
imidazobenzodiazepine;
organofluorine compound		antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning;
GABA antagonist
flumequine
flumequine: structure. flumequine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-flumequine. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, formerly used in veterinary medicine for stock breeding and treatment of aquacultures.. 9-fluoro-5-methyl-1-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-2-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyridoquinolines that is 1-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline carrying additional carboxy, methyl and fluoro substituents at positions 2, 5 and 9 respectively.		2.77303-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
pyridoquinoline;
quinolone antibiotic
flunitrazepam
Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia.		2.45201,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound;
monofluorobenzenes		anxiolytic drug;
GABAA receptor agonist;
sedative
fluorescite
fluorescein (acid form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent and commonly used as a fluorescent tracer.		4.0940benzoic acids;
cyclic ketone;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
phenols;
xanthene dye		fluorescent dye;
radioopaque medium
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		5.82160nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
fluoxetine
Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.		10.23150(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound
fluphenazine depot
fluphenazine decanoate : The prodrug of fluphenazine, an antipsychotic drug used for the symptomatic management of psychosis in patients with schizophrenia.		2.4320decanoate ester;
N-alkylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug;
prodrug
fluphenazine enanthate
[no description available]		2.4320phenothiazines
flurazepam
Flurazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used mainly as a hypnotic.. flurazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group, 2-fluorophenyl group and chloro group at positions 1, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a partial agonist of GABAA receptors and used for the treatment of insomnia.		3.58201,4-benzodiazepinone;
monofluorobenzenes;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABAA receptor agonist;
sedative
flurbiprofen
Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.		4.7790fluorobiphenyl;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluspirilene
Fluspirilene: A long-acting injectable antipsychotic agent used for chronic schizophrenia.		2.7630diarylmethane
flutamide
Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.		4.95110(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
flutazolam
flutazolam: structure		2.0410hemiaminal ether;
organic molecular entity
fomepizole
Fomepizole: A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ETHYLENE GLYCOL or METHANOL.. fomepizole : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4.		3.5920pyrazolesantidote;
EC 1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
protective agent
foscarnet
Foscarnet: An antiviral agent used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Foscarnet also shows activity against human herpesviruses and HIV.. phosphonoformic acid : Phosphoric acid in which one of the hydroxy groups is replaced by a carboxylic acid group. It is used as the trisodium salt as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.		4.5470carboxylic acid;
one-carbon compound;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
geroprotector;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
sodium-dependent Pi-transporter inhibitor
furazolidone
Furazolidone: A nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activity. Furazolidone acts by gradual inhibition of monoamine oxidase. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p514). furazolidone : A member of the class of oxazolidines that is 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an N-{[(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino} group. It has antibacterial and antiprotozoal properties, and is used in the treatment of giardiasis and cholera.		14.56225nitrofuran antibiotic;
oxazolidines		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
furosemide
Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.		6.1220chlorobenzoic acid;
furans;
sulfonamide		environmental contaminant;
loop diuretic;
xenobiotic
gabapentin
Gabapentin: A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. gabapentin : A gamma-amino acid that is cyclohexane substituted at position 1 by aminomethyl and carboxymethyl groups. Used for treatment of neuropathic pain and restless legs syndrome.		5.02120gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
calcium channel blocker;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
gabexate
Gabexate: A serine proteinase inhibitor used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. The drug inhibits the hydrolytic effects of thrombin, plasmin, and kallikrein, but not of chymotrypsin and aprotinin.		2.0810benzoate ester
gemfibrozil
[no description available]		4.6680aromatic etherantilipemic drug
gentamicin
Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.		9.97592
glafenine
Glafenine: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.. glafenine : A carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market.		4.5570aminoquinoline;
carboxylic ester;
glycol;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound		inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gliclazide
Gliclazide: An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.		3.5680N-sulfonylureahypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue;
radical scavenger
glimepiride
glimepiride: structure given in first source		11.32111sulfonamide
glipizide
Glipizide: An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.. glipizide : An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		4.94110aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-sulfonylurea;
pyrazines		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
glutaral
Glutaral: One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.. glutaraldehyde : A dialdehyde comprised of pentane with aldehyde functions at C-1 and C-5.		340dialdehydecross-linking reagent;
disinfectant;
fixative
glutethimide
Glutethimide: A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.		2.7530piperidines
glyburide
Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.		5.68140monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		anti-arrhythmia drug;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid (1,1-dimethyl-3-pyrrolidin-1-iumyl) ester
[no description available]		3.2310benzenes
gossypol
Gossypol: A dimeric sesquiterpene found in cottonseed (GOSSYPIUM). The (-) isomer is active as a male contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, MALE) whereas toxic symptoms are associated with the (+) isomer.		2.0510
granisetron
[no description available]		4.6580aromatic amide;
indazoles
guaiazulene
guaiazulene: structure		2.0510sesquiterpene
guaifenesin
Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.		5.6551methoxybenzenes
guanethidine
Guanethidine: An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.. guanethidine : A member of the class of guanidines in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a 2-azocan-1-ylethyl group.. guanethidine sulfate : A organic sulfate salt composed of two molecules of guanethidine and one of sulfuric acid.		3.8630azocanes;
guanidines		adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
sympatholytic agent
guanfacine
Guanfacine: A centrally acting antihypertensive agent with specificity towards ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.		4.4160acetamides
guanidine
Guanidine: A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC.. guanidine : An aminocarboxamidine, the parent compound of the guanidines.		4.0340carboxamidine;
guanidines;
one-carbon compound
fasudil
fasudil: intracellular calcium antagonist; structure in first source. fasudil : An isoquinoline substituted by a (1,4-diazepan-1-yl)sulfonyl group at position 5. It is a Rho-kinase inhibitor and its hydrochloride hydrate form is approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and cerebral ischemia.		2.0510isoquinolines;
N-sulfonyldiazepane		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent;
nootropic agent;
vasodilator agent
haloperidol
Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.		6.32180aromatic ketone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
halothane
[no description available]		2.4420haloalkane;
organobromine compound;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		inhalation anaesthetic
hexachlorophene
Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union.		2.7530bridged diphenyl fungicide;
polyphenol;
trichlorobenzene		acaricide;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug
miltefosine
miltefosine: hexadecyl phosphocholine derivative of cisplatin; did not substantially activate HIV long terminal repeat; less toxic than cisplatin. miltefosine : A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine.		2.0510phosphocholines;
phospholipid		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
apoptosis inducer;
immunomodulator;
protein kinase inhibitor
hexestrol
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
hexetidine
Hexetidine: A bactericidal and fungicidal antiseptic. It is used as a 0.1% mouthwash for local infections and oral hygiene. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797)		2.0510organic heteromonocyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
hexobarbital
Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups.		2.7430barbiturates
hexoprenaline
Hexoprenaline: Stimulant of adrenergic beta 2 receptors. It is used as a bronchodilator, antiasthmatic agent, and tocolytic agent.		2.0710
hexylresorcinol
[no description available]		2.0410resorcinols
hexamethylene bisacetamide
N,N'-diacetyl-1,6-diaminohexane: chemical name obtained from Acta Biol Hung 1990;41(1-3):199-208		2.0710acetamides
ethidium
Ethidium: A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.. ethidium : The fluorescent compound widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry to reveal double-stranded DNA and RNA.		2.5220phenanthridinesfluorochrome;
intercalator
homochlorocyclizine
homochlorocyclizine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.4520diarylmethane
hycanthone
Hycanthone: Potentially toxic, but effective antischistosomal agent, it is a metabolite of LUCANTHONE.. hycanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. It was formerly used (particularly as the monomethanesulfonic acid salt) as a schistosomicide for individual or mass treatement of infection with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni, but due to its toxicity and concern about possible carcinogenicity, it has been replaced by other drugs such as praziquantel.		2.9840thioxanthenesmutagen;
schistosomicide drug
hydralazine
Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.		4.5470azaarene;
hydrazines;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
phthalazines		antihypertensive agent;
vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide
Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		4.7590benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
hydroflumethiazide
Hydroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p822). hydroflumethiazide : A benzothiadiazine consisting of a 3,4-dihydro-HH-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine bicyclic system dioxygenated on sulfur and carrying trifluoromethyl and aminosulfonyl groups at positions 6 and 7 respectively. A diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.		4.5570benzothiadiazine;
thiazide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.		4.3650aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
primary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug
hydroxyurea
[no description available]		4.93110one-carbon compound;
ureas		antimetabolite;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
immunomodulator;
radical scavenger;
teratogenic agent
hydroxyzine
Hydroxyzine: A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.. hydroxyzine : A N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.		4.5470hydroxyether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine		anticoronaviral agent;
antipruritic drug;
anxiolytic drug;
dermatologic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist
hypericin
[no description available]		2.0410
ibuprofen
Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine		10.31160monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger;
xenobiotic
phenelzine
Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.		4.5470primary amine
lidocaine
Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.		5.17140benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
xenobiotic
mephentermine
Mephentermine: A sympathomimetic agent with specificity for alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. It is used to maintain BLOOD PRESSURE in hypotensive states such as following SPINAL ANESTHESIA.		2.110amphetamines
alverine
alverine : A tertiary amine having one ethyl and two 3-phenylprop-1-yl groups attached to the nitrogen. An antispasmodic that acts directly on intestinal and uterine smooth muscle, it is used (particularly as the citrate salt) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.		2.0510tertiary amineantispasmodic drug
idebenone
[no description available]		2.05101,4-benzoquinones;
primary alcohol		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor
ifosfamide
[no description available]		4.7690ifosfamidesalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
imipramine
Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.		10.44190dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone
Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.		4.86100bipyridinesEC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
indapamide
Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.		4.2650indoles;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
indomethacin
Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.		5.46190aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole		analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic
iodamide
Iodamide: An ionic monomeric contrast medium. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706). iodamide : A benzoic acid compound having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions, an acetamido substituent at the 3-position and an acetamidomethyl substituent at the 5-position.		2.0410benzoic acids;
organoiodine compound		radioopaque medium
iodixanol
iodixanol: dimeric contrast media; structure given in first source. iodixanol : A dimeric, non-ionic, water-soluble, radiographic contrast agent, used particularly in coronary angiography.		2.0210organoiodine compoundradioopaque medium
iodoquinol
Iodoquinol: One of the halogenated 8-quinolinols widely used as an intestinal antiseptic, especially as an antiamebic agent. It is also used topically in other infections and may cause CNS and eye damage. It is known by very many similar trade names world-wide.. iodoquinol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by iodine. It is considered the drug of choice for treating asymptomatic or moderate forms of amoebiasis.		2.0710monohydroxyquinoline;
organoiodine compound		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antiseptic drug
iohexol
Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position.		2.9640benzenedicarboxamide;
organoiodine compound		environmental contaminant;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
iopromide
iopromide: structure given in first source. iopromide : A dicarboxylic acid diamide that consists of N-methylisophthalamide bearing three iodo substituents at positions 2, 4 and 6, a methoxyacetyl substituent at position 5 and two 2,3-dihydroxypropyl groups attached to the amide nitrogens. A water soluble x-ray contrast agent for intravascular administration.		2.7330dicarboxylic acid diamide;
organoiodine compound		environmental contaminant;
nephrotoxic agent;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
iothalamic acid
Iothalamic Acid: A contrast medium in diagnostic radiology with properties similar to those of diatrizoic acid. It is used primarily as its sodium and meglumine (IOTHALAMATE MEGLUMINE) salts.		2.4420organic molecular entity
iodipamide
Iodipamide: A water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.. adipiodone : An organoiodine compound that is 3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 6-(3-carboxy-2,4,6-triiodoanilino)-6-oxohexanoyl group. It is a water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.		2.4520benzoic acids;
organoiodine compound;
secondary carboxamide		radioopaque medium
ioversol
[no description available]		3.5620amidobenzoic acid
iproniazid
[no description available]		4.6780carbohydrazide;
pyridines
avapro
Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.		4.6680azaspiro compound;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid: An MAO inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in the treatment of panic disorder and the phobic disorders. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311)		3.8630benzenes
isoetharine
Isoetharine: Adrenergic beta-2 agonist used as bronchodilator for emphysema, bronchitis and asthma.		2.0710catecholamine
isoflurane
Isoflurane: A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.		2.4420organofluorine compoundinhalation anaesthetic
isoniazid
Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).		14.469111carbohydrazideantitubercular agent;
drug allergen
isopropamide iodide
[no description available]		2.0410diarylmethane
2-propanol
2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.		2.4920secondary alcohol;
secondary fatty alcohol		protic solvent
isoproterenol
Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.		4.4260catechols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
isoxsuprine
Isoxsuprine: A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.		4.0840alkylbenzene
isradipine
Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.		4.4160benzoxadiazole;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester;
methyl ester
itraconazole
[no description available]		5.54120piperazines
ketamine
Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.		4.0840cyclohexanones;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
environmental contaminant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
ketanserin
Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.		3.1550aromatic ketone;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
cardiovascular drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist
ketoconazole
1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.		5.28160dichlorobenzene;
dioxolane;
ether;
imidazoles;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen
Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.		5.61130benzophenones;
oxo monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
ketorolac
Ketorolac: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its analgesic activity. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). ketorolac : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure.. 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyrrolizines that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine which is substituted at positions 1 and 5 by carboxy and benzoyl groups, respectively.		4.4160amino acid;
aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
pyrrolizines;
racemate		analgesic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ketotifen
Ketotifen: A cycloheptathiophene blocker of histamine H1 receptors and release of inflammatory mediators. It has been proposed for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, skin allergies, and anaphylaxis.. ketotifen : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 4,9-dihydro-10H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-10-one which is substituted at position 4 by a 1-methylpiperidin-4-ylidene group. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is used (usually as its hydrogen fumarate salt) for the treatment of asthma, where it may take several weeks to exert its full effect.		3.1650cyclic ketone;
olefinic compound;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
organosulfur heterocyclic compound;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-asthmatic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist
khellin
Khellin: A vasodilator that also has bronchodilatory action. It has been employed in the treatment of angina pectoris, in the treatment of asthma, and in conjunction with ultraviolet light A, has been tried in the treatment of vitiligo. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1024). khellin : A furanochrome in which the basic tricyclic skeleton is substituted at positions 4 and 9 with methoxy groups and at position 7 with a methyl group. A major constituent of the plant Ammi visnaga it is a herbal folk medicine used for various illnesses, its main effect being as a vasodilator.		2.0510furanochromone;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
oxacycle		anti-asthmatic agent;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
labetalol
Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.		5.09130benzamides;
benzenes;
phenols;
primary carboxamide;
salicylamides;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
lamotrigine
[no description available]		4.76901,2,4-triazines;
dichlorobenzene;
primary arylamine		anticonvulsant;
antidepressant;
antimanic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
xenobiotic
lansoprazole
Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.		11.882812benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
beta-lapachone
beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase. beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities.		2.0510benzochromenone;
orthoquinones		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
lauric acid
dodecanoic acid : A straight-chain, twelve-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties; the main fatty acid in coconut oil and palm kernel oil.		2.2110medium-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
antibacterial agent;
plant metabolite
leflunomide
Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.		4.6780(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
isoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
antiparasitic agent;
EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
letrozole
[no description available]		4.5470nitrile;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
lidoflazine
Lidoflazine: Coronary vasodilator with some antiarrhythmic action.		2.0210diarylmethane
lofepramine
Lofepramine: A psychotropic IMIPRAMINE derivative that acts as a tricyclic antidepressant and possesses few anticholinergic properties. It is metabolized to DESIPRAMINE.		2.4720aromatic ketone;
dibenzoazepine;
monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant
lomefloxacin
lomefloxacin: structure given in first source. lomefloxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery.		10.26382fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antimicrobial agent;
antitubercular agent;
photosensitizing agent
lomustine
[no description available]		3.8730N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
loperamide
Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.		13.1592monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperidines;
tertiary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antidiarrhoeal drug;
mu-opioid receptor agonist
loratadine
Loratadine: A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.. loratadine : A benzocycloheptapyridine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylidene group at position 11. It is a H1-receptor antagonist commonly employed in the treatment of allergic disorders.		4.6480benzocycloheptapyridine;
ethyl ester;
N-acylpiperidine;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary carboxamide		anti-allergic agent;
cholinergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist
lorazepam
Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.		4.2550benzodiazepine
losartan
Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position		5.02120biphenylyltetrazole;
imidazoles		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
loxapine
Loxapine: An antipsychotic agent used in SCHIZOPHRENIA.		4.0740dibenzooxazepineantipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
loxoprofen
loxoprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in first source. loxoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-[(2-oxocyclopentyl)methyl]phenyl group. A prodrug that is rapidly converted into its active trans-alcohol metabolite following oral administration.		2.4820cyclopentanones;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
ly 171883
LY 171883: structure in first source; leukotriene receptor antagonist. tomelukast : A member of the class of acetophenones that is 1-phenylethanone substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group, a propyl group at position 3 and a 4-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy group at position 4. A leukotriene antagonist, it exhibits anti-asthmatic activity.		2.0710acetophenones;
aromatic ether;
phenols;
tetrazoles		anti-asthmatic drug;
leukotriene antagonist
malathion
Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.		2.0510diester;
ethyl ester;
organic thiophosphate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate
diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate: structure in first source		2.0510isopropyl ester
maprotiline
Maprotiline: A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.		4.95110anthracenes
mazindol
Mazindol: Tricyclic anorexigenic agent unrelated to and less toxic than AMPHETAMINE, but with some similar side effects. It inhibits uptake of catecholamines and blocks the binding of cocaine to the dopamine uptake transporter.		2.0510organic molecular entity
mebendazole
Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5.		4.7690aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
carbamate ester		antinematodal drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
mecamylamine
Mecamylamine: A nicotinic antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Mecamylamine has been used as a ganglionic blocker in treating hypertension, but, like most ganglionic blockers, is more often used now as a research tool.		3.620primary aliphatic amine
mechlorethamine
nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.		3.2310nitrogen mustard;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent
meclizine
Meclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.		4.2750diarylmethane
meclofenamic acid
Meclofenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.. meclofenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		4.0740aminobenzoic acid;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
meclofenamate sodium anhydrous
[no description available]		2.4620organic sodium salt
meclofenoxate
Meclofenoxate: An ester of DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL and para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid
mefenamic acid
Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		4.7790aminobenzoic acid;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
mefloquine hydrochloride
[2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol : An organofluorine compound that consists of quinoline bearing trifluoromethyl substituents at positions 2 and 8 as well as a (2-piperidinyl)hydroxymethyl substituent at position 4.		2.9440organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinolines;
secondary alcohol
memantine
[no description available]		4.4160adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		antidepressant;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist
vitamin k 3
Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.		3.15501,4-naphthoquinones;
vitamin K		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
human urinary metabolite;
nutraceutical
mepenzolate
mepenzolic acid: anticholinergic, antispasmodic agent; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		3.2310diarylmethane
meperidine
Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.		4.6680ethyl ester;
piperidinecarboxylate ester;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
kappa-opioid receptor agonist;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
mephenesin
Mephenesin: A centrally acting muscle relaxant with a short duration of action.. 1-(2-methylphenyl)glycerol : A glycerol ether in which a single 2-methylphenyl group is attached at position 1 of glycerol via an ether linkage.		2.0710aromatic ether;
glycerol ether
mephenytoin
Mephenytoin: An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.. mephenytoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) in which the imidazolidine nucleus carries a methyl group at N-3 and has ethyl and phenyl substituents at C-5. An anticonvulsant, it is no longer available in the USA or the UK but is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.		3.8730imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant
mepivacaine
Mepivacaine: A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168). mepivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide in which N-methylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. It is used as a local amide-type anaesthetic.		4.0840piperidinecarboxamidedrug allergen;
local anaesthetic
meprobamate
Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)		4.2650organic molecular entity
benzoic acid [2-methyl-2-(propylamino)propyl] ester
[no description available]		2.0710benzoate ester
merbromin
Merbromin: A once-popular mercury containing topical antiseptic.. merbromin : An organic sodium salt that is 2,7-dibromo-4-hydroxymercurifluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions.		2.0210
mesalamine
Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.		4.2550amino acid;
aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
phenols		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mesoridazine
Mesoridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with effects similar to CHLORPROMAZINE.. mesoridazine : A phenothiazine substituted at position 2 (para to the S atom) by a methylsulfinyl group, and on the nitrogen by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group.		4.5370phenothiazines;
sulfoxide;
tertiary amino compound		dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
metaproterenol
Metaproterenol: A beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of ASTHMA and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. orciprenaline : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-orciprenaline. Used (as its sulfate salt) to relax the airway muscles and improve breathing for patients suffering from asthma or bronchitis.. 5-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol : A member of the class of resorcinols bearing an additional 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl substituent at position 5 of resorcinol itself.		3.620aralkylamino compound;
phenylethanolamines;
resorcinols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
metformin
Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.		10.92180guanidinesenvironmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
xenobiotic
methacrylic acid
methacrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. methacrylic acid : An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is acrylic acid in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a methyl group.		2.5920alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid
methadone
Methadone: A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3). methadone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextromethadone and levomethadone. It is a opioid analgesic which is used as a painkiller and as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction.. 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one : A ketone that is heptan-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 6 and two phenyl groups at position 4.		4.5470benzenes;
diarylmethane;
ketone;
tertiary amino compound
methapyrilene
Methapyrilene: Histamine H1 antagonist with sedative action used as a hypnotic and in allergies.. methapyrilene : A member of the class of ethylenediamine derivatives that is ethylenediamine in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups, and the other nitrogen is substituted by a 2-pyridyl group and a (2-thienyl)methyl group.		3.4470ethylenediamine derivativeanti-allergic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative
methazolamide
Methazolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.		3.2310sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles
methenamine
Methenamine: An anti-infective agent most commonly used in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Its anti-infective action derives from the slow release of formaldehyde by hydrolysis at acidic pH. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p173). hexamethylenetetramine : A polycyclic cage that is adamantane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 3, 5 and 7 are replaced by nitrogen atoms.		2.0310polyazaalkane;
polycyclic cage;
tetramine		antibacterial drug
methocarbamol
Methocarbamol: A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206). methocarbamol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methocarbamol. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as an adjunct in the short-term symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. The (R)-enantiomer is more active than the (S)-enantiomer.. 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl carbamate : A carbamate ester that is glycerol in which one of the primary alcohol groups has been converted to its 2-methoxyphenyl ether while the other has been converted to the corresponding carbamate ester.		4.0940aromatic ether;
carbamate ester;
secondary alcohol
methoxsalen
Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.		3.5920aromatic ether;
psoralens		antineoplastic agent;
cross-linking reagent;
dermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
methoxyflurane
Methoxyflurane: An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180). methoxyflurane : An ether in which the two groups attached to the central oxygen atom are methyl and 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl.		2.0510ether;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		hepatotoxic agent;
inhalation anaesthetic;
nephrotoxic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic
methoxyphenamine
methoxyphenamine: structure. methoxyphenamine : An amphetamine methylated on nitrogen and with the phenyl ring methoxylated at C-2. A beta-adrenergic receptor agonist, it is used as a bronchodilator.		2.110amphetaminesbeta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent
methyclothiazide
Methyclothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p825)		3.2310benzothiadiazine
nocodazole
[no description available]		2.4620aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
carbamate ester;
thiophenes		antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
methyl salicylate
methyl salicylate: used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990. methyl salicylate : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.		2.0510benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
salicylates		flavouring agent;
insect attractant;
metabolite
3-Hydroxy-alpha-methyl-DL-tyrosine
[no description available]		2.110benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid
methylphenidate
Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.		4.4160beta-amino acid ester;
methyl ester;
piperidines
methyprylon
methyprylon: was heading 1973-94 (see under HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES 1963-72); use PIPERIDONES to search METHYPRYLON 1973-94		2.4520organic molecular entity
metoclopramide
Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.		5.45110benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
gastrointestinal drug;
xenobiotic
metolazone
Metolazone: A quinazoline-sulfonamide derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. metolazone : A quinazoline that consists of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-one bearing additional methyl, 2-tolyl, sulfamyl and chloro substituents at positions 2, 3, 6 and 7 respectively. A quinazoline diuretic, with properties similar to thiazide diuretics.		4.5470organochlorine compound;
quinazolines;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
ion transport inhibitor
metoprolol
Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.		5.24150aromatic ether;
propanolamine;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
metronidazole
Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.		20.4123455C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
primary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiparasitic agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
metyrapone
Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.		4.0840aromatic ketoneantimetabolite;
diagnostic agent;
EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor
mexiletine
Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.		4.4160aromatic ether;
primary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
mianserin
Mianserin: A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. It may cause drowsiness and hematological problems. Its mechanism of therapeutic action is not well understood, although it apparently blocks alpha-adrenergic, histamine H1, and some types of serotonin receptors.. mianserin : A dibenzoazepine (specifically 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydrodibenzo[c,f]pyrazino[1,2-a]azepine) methyl-substituted on N-2. Closely related to (and now mostly superseded by) the tetracyclic antidepressant mirtazapinean, it is an atypical antidepressant used in the treatment of depression throughout Europe and elsewhere.		4.5470dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine agonist;
sedative;
serotonergic antagonist
miconazole
Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.		5.390dichlorobenzene;
ether;
imidazoles
midazolam
Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.		4.94110imidazobenzodiazepine;
monofluorobenzenes;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
central nervous system depressant;
GABAA receptor agonist;
general anaesthetic;
muscle relaxant;
sedative
midodrine
Midodrine: An ethanolamine derivative that is an adrenergic alpha-1 agonist. It is used as a vasoconstrictor agent in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. midodrine : An aromatic ether that is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-(glycylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with selective alpha-adrenergic agonist activity, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a peripheral vasoconstrictor in the treatment of certain hypotensive states. The main active moiety is its major metabolite, deglymidodrine.		3.8530amino acid amide;
aromatic ether;
secondary alcohol		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
prodrug;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
milrinone
[no description available]		9.4260bipyridines;
nitrile;
pyridone		cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
minoxidil
Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.		4.5570dialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
mirtazapine
Mirtazapine: A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.		5.37100benzazepine;
tetracyclic antidepressant		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anxiolytic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
oneirogen;
serotonergic antagonist
mitotane
Mitotane: A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.		3.8730diarylmethane
mitoxantrone
Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.		5.2790dihydroxyanthraquinoneanalgesic;
antineoplastic agent
moclobemide
Moclobemide: A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A; (RIMA); (see MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS) that has antidepressive properties.. moclobemide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a chloro group at position 4 and a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group at the nitrogen atom. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of depression.		2.9740benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
morpholines		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
modafinil
Modafinil: A benzhydryl acetamide compound, central nervous system stimulant, and CYP3A4 inducing agent that is used in the treatment of NARCOLEPSY and SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS.. modafinil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of armodafinil and (S)-modafinil. A central nervous system stimulant, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. The optical enantiomers of modafinil have similar pharmacological actions in animals.. 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide : A sulfoxide that is dimethylsulfoxide in which two hydrogens attached to one of the methyl groups are replaced by phenyl groups, while one hydrogen attached to the other methyl group is replaced by a carbamoyl (aminocarbonyl) group.		4.0840monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfoxide
moxisylyte
Moxisylyte: An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in Raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)		3.8630monoterpenoid
entinostat
[no description available]		3.4110benzamides;
carbamate ester;
primary amino compound;
pyridines;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
deet
N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of m-toluic acid with the nitrogen of diethylamine. First developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 for use by military personnel in insect-infested areas, it is the most widely used insect repellent worldwide.		2.0510benzamides;
monocarboxylic acid amide		environmental contaminant;
insect repellent;
xenobiotic
acecainide
Acecainide: A major metabolite of PROCAINAMIDE. Its anti-arrhythmic action may cause cardiac toxicity in kidney failure.. N-acetylprocainamide : A benzamide obtained via formal condensation of 4-acetamidobenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethylamine.		4.6861acetamides;
benzamides		anti-arrhythmia drug
ethylmaleimide
Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.		1.9810maleimidesanticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor
nabumetone
Nabumetone: A butanone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with OSTEOARTHRITIS and RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.. nabumetone : A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.		3.8530methoxynaphthalene;
methyl ketone		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
nadifloxacin
nadifloxacin: (R)-isomer does not induce chromosomal aberrations, unlike (S)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.9740heteroarylpiperidine;
hydroxypiperidine;
pyridoquinoline;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug
nadolol
[no description available]		3.8830tetralins
nafronyl
Nafronyl: A drug used in the management of peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders. It is claimed to enhance cellular oxidative capacity and to be a spasmolytic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1310) It may also be an antagonist at 5HT-2 serotonin receptors.		2.0710naphthalenes
naftopidil
[no description available]		2.0710piperazines
nalidixic acid
[no description available]		8.235401,8-naphthyridine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
naphazoline
Naphazoline: An adrenergic vasoconstrictor agent used as a decongestant.		2.0710naphthalenes
naratriptan
naratriptan: structure given in first source		4.2550heteroarylpiperidine;
sulfonamide;
tryptamines		serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
nefazodone
nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct		5.24150aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazoles		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
nefopam
Nefopam: Non-narcotic analgesic chemically similar to ORPHENADRINE. Its mechanism of action is unclear. It is used for the relief of acute and chronic pain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p26). nefopam : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-nefopam. The hydrochloride is a centrally acting non-opiate analgesic commonly used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain.. 5-methyl-1-phenyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine : A member of the class of benzoxazocines that is 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine substituted by phenyl and methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 respectively.		2.7530benzoxazocine;
tertiary amino compound
neostigmine
Neostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants such as gallamine and tubocurarine. Neostigmine, unlike PHYSOSTIGMINE, does not cross the blood-brain barrier.. neostigmine : A quaternary ammonium ion comprising an anilinium ion core having three methyl substituents on the aniline nitrogen, and a 3-[(dimethylcarbamoyl)oxy] substituent at position 3. It is a parasympathomimetic which acts as a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.		2.7730quaternary ammonium ionantidote to curare poisoning;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
netropsin
Netropsin: A basic polypeptide isolated from Streptomyces netropsis. It is cytotoxic and its strong, specific binding to A-T areas of DNA is useful to genetics research.		2.1510
nevirapine
Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.		4.95110cyclopropanes;
dipyridodiazepine		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nialamide
Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.		3.5920organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
nicardipine
Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.		4.6680benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound
niceritrol
Niceritrol: An ester of nicotinic acid that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in total plasma and in the VLD- and LD-lipoprotein fractions.		2.0510organic molecular entity
nifedipine
Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.		5.34170C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester		calcium channel blocker;
human metabolite;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent
nifekalant
[no description available]		2.0810amine
niflumic acid
Niflumic Acid: An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.		2.0510aromatic carboxylic acid;
pyridines
nilutamide
[no description available]		4.0740(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
imidazolidinone		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
nilvadipine
[no description available]		2.0710dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester;
methyl ester;
nitrile
nimesulide
nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.		4.4260aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
sulfonamide		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nimetazepam
nimetazepam : A nitrazepam which is substituted at positions 1 by a methyl group. It is used as an anticonvulsant and as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia.		2.04101,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound		anticonvulsant;
antispasmodic drug;
GABA modulator;
sedative
nimodipine
Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.		5.021202-methoxyethyl ester;
C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
nisoldipine
Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.		4.86100C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester
nitrazepam
Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).		3.43701,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound		anticonvulsant;
antispasmodic drug;
drug metabolite;
GABA modulator;
sedative
nitrendipine
Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.		3.5480C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
geroprotector;
vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin
Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.		3.5920nitroglycerolexplosive;
muscle relaxant;
nitric oxide donor;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
nitromide
nitromide: antibacterial agent for prevention & treatment of Salmonella pullorum infections in chickens & turkeys & for fowl typhoid & paratyphoid; used in feed; structure		2.0710
nizatidine
[no description available]		4.53701,3-thiazoles;
C-nitro compound;
carboxamidine;
organic sulfide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-ulcer drug;
cholinergic drug;
H2-receptor antagonist
nomifensine
Nomifensine: An isoquinoline derivative that prevents dopamine reuptake into synaptosomes. The maleate was formerly used in the treatment of depression. It was withdrawn worldwide in 1986 due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis resulting from its use. In some cases, renal failure also developed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p266). nomifensine : An N-methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline carrying phenyl and amino substituents at positions C-4 and C-8, respectively.		4.7790isoquinolinesdopamine uptake inhibitor
masoprocol
nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)		2.4420catechols;
lignan;
tetrol		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite
norfloxacin
Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.		11.1991fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nortriptyline
Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.		4.95110organic tricyclic compound;
secondary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite
6,7-dimethoxy-3-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-7,8-dihydro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolin-5-yl)-3H-isobenzofuran-1-one
[no description available]		2.0710isoquinolines
nylidrin
Nylidrin: A beta-adrenergic agonist. Nylidrin causes peripheral vasodilation, a positive inotropic effect, and increased gastric volume of gastric juice. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disorders and premature labor.		2.0710alkylbenzene
ofloxacin
Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.		27.042,1263953-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxazinoquinoline
omeprazole
Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.		13.434920aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide
ondansetron
Ondansetron: A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.		4.93110carbazoles
orphenadrine
Orphenadrine: A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm.. orphenadrine : A tertiary amino compound which is the phenyl-o-tolylmethyl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol.		4.0940ether;
tertiary amino compound		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
parasympatholytic
oxamniquine
Oxamniquine: An anthelmintic with schistosomicidal activity against Schistosoma mansoni, but not against other Schistosoma spp. Oxamniquine causes worms to shift from the mesenteric veins to the liver where the male worms are retained; the female worms return to the mesentery, but can no longer release eggs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p121). oxamniquine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-oxamniquine. An anthelmintic, it is administered orally for the treatment of schistomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni (but not by other Schistosoma species); intramuscular administration is no longer used as it causes severe pain at the injection site.. {2-[(isopropylamino)methyl]-7-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl}methanol : A member of the class of quinolines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 2, 6, and 7 by (isopropylamino)methyl, hydroxymethyl, and nitro groups, respectively.		2.4520aromatic primary alcohol;
C-nitro compound;
quinolines;
secondary amino compound
oxaprozin
Oxaprozin: An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.. oxaprozin : A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		4.54701,3-oxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
oxazepam
Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.		4.41601,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
oxethazaine
[no description available]		2.4720amino acid amide
oxibendazole
oxibendazole: structure		2.7530benzimidazoles;
carbamate ester
oxidopamine
Oxidopamine: A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.. oxidopamine : A benzenetriol that is phenethylamine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by hydroxy groups. It occurs naturally in human urine, but is also produced as a metabolite of the drug DOPA (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease).		2.0510benzenetriol;
catecholamine;
primary amino compound		drug metabolite;
human metabolite;
neurotoxin
oxiracetam
oxiracetam: structure in first source		2.4520organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
oxolinic acid
quinolone antibiotic : An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic whose structure contains a quinolone or quinolone-related skeleton.		2.4420aromatic carboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
oxacycle;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
enzyme inhibitor
oxotremorine
Oxotremorine: A non-hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist used as a research tool.		2.110N-alkylpyrrolidine
oxprenolol
Oxprenolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.		3.360aromatic ether
oxybenzone
oxybenzone : A hydroxybenzophenone that is benzophenone which is substituted at the 2- and 4-positions of one of the benzene rings by hydroxy and methoxy groups respectively.		2.0510hydroxybenzophenone;
monomethoxybenzene		dermatologic drug;
environmental contaminant;
protective agent;
ultraviolet filter;
xenobiotic
benoxinate
benoxinate: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. oxybuprocaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-amino-3-butoxybenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; an ester-based local anaesthetic (ester "caine") used especially in ophthalmology and otolaryngology.		2.0710amino acid ester;
benzoate ester;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		drug allergen;
local anaesthetic;
topical anaesthetic
oxybutynin
oxybutynin: RN given refers to parent cpd. oxybutynin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-oxybutynin and esoxybutynin. An antispasmodic used for the treatment of overactive bladder.		4.0940acetylenic compound;
carboxylic ester;
racemate;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
parasympatholytic
oxyphenbutazone
Oxyphenbutazone: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27). oxyphenbutazone : A metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.		2.7330phenols;
pyrazolidines		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
drug metabolite;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite
aminosalicylic acid
Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.		8.33112aminobenzoic acid;
phenols		antitubercular agent
quinone
benzoquinone : The simplest members of the class of benzoquinones, consisting of cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups.. 1,4-benzoquinone : The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.. quinone : Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included).		7.17101,4-benzoquinonescofactor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
pamidronate
[no description available]		4.4160phosphonoacetic acid
pantoprazole
Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.		8.5124aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
papaverine
Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.		4.6880benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
dimethoxybenzene;
isoquinolines		antispasmodic drug;
vasodilator agent
4-dichlorobenzene
dichlorobenzene : Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying two chloro groups at unspecified positions.. 1,4-dichlorobenzene : A dichlorobenzene carrying chloro groups at positions 1 and 4.		2.4620dichlorobenzeneinsecticide
pargyline
Pargyline: A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties.		3.1650aromatic amine
pemoline
Pemoline: A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.. pemoline : A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity.		4.41601,3-oxazolescentral nervous system stimulant
pentamidine
Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.		4.5670aromatic ether;
carboxamidine;
diether		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
calmodulin antagonist;
chemokine receptor 5 antagonist;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor;
trypanocidal drug;
xenobiotic
pentobarbital
Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.		4.460barbituratesGABAA receptor agonist
pentoxifylline
[no description available]		4.5370oxopurine
perazine
Perazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE. Extrapyramidal symptoms may be more common than other side effects.. perazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazinecarries a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl substituent at the N-10 position.		2.0510N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
phenothiazines		dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
perhexiline
Perhexiline: 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis.		4.7690piperidinescardiovascular drug
periciazine
periciazine: was heading 1963-94 (Prov 1963-72); use PHENOTHIAZINES to search PROPERICIAZINE 1966-94. periciazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a 3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)propyl group at the nitrogen atom and a carbonitrile group at position 2. Periciazine is a first generation antipsychotic.		2.110hydroxypiperidine;
nitrile;
phenothiazines		adrenergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
sedative
perphenazine
Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.		4.6680N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacemide
phenacemide: anti-epileptic drug; structure		2.4620acetamides
phenacetin
Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione		3.6690acetamides;
aromatic ether		cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug
phenazopyridine
Phenazopyridine: A local anesthetic that has been used in urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.. phenazopyridine : A diaminopyridine that is 2,6-diaminopyridine substituted at position 3 by a phenylazo group. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.		2.4520diaminopyridine;
monoazo compound		anticoronaviral agent;
carcinogenic agent;
local anaesthetic;
non-narcotic analgesic
phenindione
Phenindione: An indandione that has been used as an anticoagulant. Phenindione has actions similar to WARFARIN, but it is now rarely employed because of its higher incidence of severe adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p234)		2.0410aromatic ketone;
beta-diketone		anticoagulant
pheniramine
Pheniramine: One of the HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS with little sedative action. It is used in treatment of hay fever, rhinitis, allergic dermatoses, and pruritus.		2.0410pyridines;
tertiary amino compound
phenobarbital
Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		4.86100barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
sedative
phenolphthalein
Phenolphthalein: An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic.		2.4520phenols
phenoxybenzamine
Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.		3.8730aromatic amine
phentermine
Phentermine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity.		4.0840primary amineadrenergic agent;
appetite depressant;
central nervous system drug;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopaminergic agent;
sympathomimetic agent
4-phenylbutyric acid
4-phenylbutyric acid: RN refers to the parent cpd. 4-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid the structure of which is that of butyric acid substituted with a phenyl group at C-4. It is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that displays anticancer activity. It inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induces apoptosis in glioma cells. It also inhibits protein isoprenylation, depletes plasma glutamine, increases production of foetal haemoglobin through transcriptional activation of the gamma-globin gene and affects hPPARgamma activation.		3.2310monocarboxylic acidantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
prodrug
phenylbutazone
Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position.		3.360pyrazolidinesantirheumatic drug;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
moxonidine
moxonidine: structure given in first source		2.9640organohalogen compound;
pyrimidines
1,3a,8-Trimethyl-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indol-5-yl methylcarbamate
[no description available]		2.0710pyrroloindole
picotamide
picotamide: has anticoagulant & fibrinolytic properties; structure		2.0710benzamides
pilsicainide
pilsicainide: structure given in first source. pilsicainide : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline with the carboxy group of (tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-7a(5H)-yl)acetic acid. It is a sodium channel blocker which is used as an antiarrhythmic drug for the management of atrial tachyarrhythmias in Japan.		3.1510organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary carboxamide		anti-arrhythmia drug;
sodium channel blocker
pimobendan
pimobendan: produces arterial & venous dilatation in dogs; structure given in first source		2.0410benzimidazoles;
pyridazinone		cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
pinacidil
Pinacidil: A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)		3.1650pyridines
pindolol
Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.		5.74150indoles;
secondary amine		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
pioglitazone
Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		4.6780aromatic ether;
pyridines;
thiazolidinediones		antidepressant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin-sensitizing drug;
PPARgamma agonist;
xenobiotic
pipemidic acid
Pipemidic Acid: Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concentrated in bile and urine and used for gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.. pipemidic acid : A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a piperazin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial, it is used for treatment of gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.		5.2731amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
pyridopyrimidine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
piperazine
[no description available]		7.4720azacycloalkane;
piperazines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent		anthelminthic drug
piracetam
Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.		2.4820organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
pirbuterol
pirbuterol: structure		2.0210pyridines
pirenzepine
Pirenzepine: An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.		2.0710pyridobenzodiazepineanti-ulcer drug;
antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist
piretanide
piretanide: potent inhibitor of chloride transport; structure		2.7430aromatic ether
piribedil
Piribedil: A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a D2 agonist.		2.0810N-arylpiperazine
polythiazide
[no description available]		3.2310benzothiadiazine
potassium chloride
Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.		2.1510inorganic chloride;
inorganic potassium salt;
potassium salt		fertilizer
practolol
Practolol: A beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has been used in the emergency treatment of CARDIAC ARRYTHMIAS.. practolol : N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 3-(isopropylaminoamino)-2-hydroxypropyl group. A selective beta blocker, it has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.		2.9840acetamides;
ethanolamines;
propanolamine;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
duodote
duodote: consists of atropine and pralidoxime chloride; for treating those exposed to organophosphorus-containing nerve agents		3.620pyridinium ionantidote to organophosphate poisoning;
antidote to sarin poisoning;
cholinergic drug;
cholinesterase reactivator
ono 1078
pranlukast: SRS-A antagonist; leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		2.0810chromones
pyranoprofen
pyranoprofen: RN given refers to unlabled parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.4620pyridochromene
prazepam
Prazepam: A benzodiazepine that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.		2.0210benzodiazepine
praziquantel
azinox: Russian drug		4.6680isoquinolines
prazosin
Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively.		7.76193aromatic ether;
furans;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperazines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
prilocaine
Prilocaine: A local anesthetic that is similar pharmacologically to LIDOCAINE. Currently, it is used most often for infiltration anesthesia in dentistry.. prilocaine : An amino acid amide in which N-propyl-DL-alanine and 2-methylaniline have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.		2.4520amino acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide		anticonvulsant;
local anaesthetic
primaquine
Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.		4.4360aminoquinoline;
aromatic ether;
N-substituted diamine		antimalarial
primidone
Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.		4.5470pyrimidoneanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
proadifen
Proadifen: An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.		2.0710diarylmethane
probenecid
Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.		5.8160benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		uricosuric drug
probucol
Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood.		9.5451dithioketal;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory drug;
anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antioxidant;
cardiovascular drug
procainamide
Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.		12.29181benzamidesanti-arrhythmia drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker
procaine
Procaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).. procaine : A benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol.		3.1550benzoate ester;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		central nervous system depressant;
drug allergen;
local anaesthetic;
peripheral nervous system drug
procarbazine
Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.		3.8530benzamides;
hydrazines		antineoplastic agent
prochlorperazine
Prochlorperazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612). prochlorperazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.		4.4260N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antiemetic;
cholinergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic
procyclidine
Procyclidine: A muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is used in the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders and in parkinsonism.. procyclidine : A tertiary alcohol that consists of propan-1-ol substituted by a cyclohexyl and a phenyl group at position 1 and a pyrrolidin-1-yl group at position 3.		4.0840pyrrolidines;
tertiary alcohol		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
muscarinic antagonist
proglumide
Proglumide: A drug that exerts an inhibitory effect on gastric secretion and reduces gastrointestinal motility. It is used clinically in the drug therapy of gastrointestinal ulcers.. proglumide : A racemate composed of equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-proglumide. A non-selective CCK antagonist that was used primarily for treatment of stomach ulcers, but has been replaced by newer drugs.. N(2)-benzoyl-N,N-dipropyl-alpha-glutamine : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide obtained by formal condensation of the alpha-carboxy group of N-benzoylglutamic acid with dippropylamine.		2.0410benzamides;
dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
glutamine derivative;
racemate		anti-ulcer drug;
cholecystokinin antagonist;
cholinergic antagonist;
delta-opioid receptor agonist;
drug metabolite;
gastrointestinal drug;
opioid analgesic;
xenobiotic metabolite
promazine
Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.. promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position.		3.1450phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
promethazine
Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.		4.86100phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
sedative
propafenone
Propafenone: An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity.. propafenone : An aromatic ketone that is 3-(propylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(3-phenylpropanoyl)phenyl group. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.		4.6780aromatic ketone;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
propantheline
Propantheline: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the treatment of ulcers. At high doses it has nicotinic effects resulting in neuromuscular blocking.		3.2310xanthenes
propidium
Propidium: Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits.		2.110phenanthridines;
quaternary ammonium ion		fluorochrome;
intercalator
propiomazine
propiomazine: was heading 1966-94 (prov 1966-72); use PHENOTHIAZINES to search PROPIOMAZINE 1966-94; phenothiazine derivative used for sedation and as an antiemetic during labor. propiomazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)propyl group at nitrogen atom and a propanoyl group at position 2.		2.0410aromatic ketone;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amino compound		dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug;
sedative;
serotonergic antagonist
propiverine
propiverine: anticholinergic used for overactive bladder syndrome		2.0510diarylmethane
propofol
Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.		4.460phenolsanticonvulsant;
antiemetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
radical scavenger;
sedative
propranolol
Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.		11.25250naphthalenes;
propanolamine;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
anxiolytic drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
human blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
protriptyline
Protriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.		4.0840carbotricyclic compoundantidepressant
proxyphylline
[no description available]		2.0410oxopurine
pyridinolcarbamate
Pyridinolcarbamate: A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders, hyperlipidemias, and thrombo-embolic disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1408)		2.0510pyridines
pyridostigmine
[no description available]		4.2650pyridinium ion
pyrilamine
Pyrilamine: A histamine H1 antagonist. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is used for allergies (including skin eruptions) both parenterally and locally. It is a common ingredient of cold remedies.. mepyramine : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethylenediamine in which one of the amino nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups and the remaining amino nitrogen is substituted by a 4-methoxybenzyl and a pyridin-2-yl group.		2.7330aromatic ether;
ethylenediamine derivative		H1-receptor antagonist
pyrimethamine
Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds		5.1880aminopyrimidine;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
sch 16134
quazepam: structure given in first source		3.5620benzodiazepine
quetiapine
[no description available]		3.2310dibenzothiazepine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine		adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
rabeprazole
Rabeprazole: A 4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridinyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.		11.252714benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
raloxifene
raloxifene : A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, and 6 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl, p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]benzoyl, and hydroxy groups, respectively.		4.26501-benzothiophenes;
aromatic ketone;
N-oxyethylpiperidine;
phenols		bone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
ranitidine
[no description available]		5.29160aralkylamine
opc 12759
rebamipide: structure in first source; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; inhibits gastric xanthine oxidase		2.0510secondary carboxamide
resorcinol
resorcinol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7951. resorcinol : A benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3.		3.3110benzenediol;
phenolic donor;
resorcinols		erythropoietin inhibitor;
sensitiser
riluzole
Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.		4.5470benzothiazoles
rimantadine
Rimantadine: An RNA synthesis inhibitor that is used as an antiviral agent in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza.		4.6140alkylamine
risperidone
Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.		5.291601,2-benzoxazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridopyrimidine		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
rizatriptan
rizatriptan: structure given in first source; RN given refers to benzoate		4.2550tryptaminesanti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
rofecoxib
[no description available]		3.1550butenolide;
sulfone		analgesic;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ropinirole
[no description available]		3.5720indolones;
tertiary amine		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
central nervous system drug;
dopamine agonist
roxarsone
Roxarsone: An arsenic derivative which has anticoccidial action and promotes growth in animals.. roxarsone : An organoarsonic acid where the organyl group is 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl.		2.07102-nitrophenols;
organoarsonic acid		agrochemical;
animal growth promotant;
antibacterial drug;
coccidiostat
saccharin
Saccharin: Flavoring agent and non-nutritive sweetener.. saccharin : A 1,2-benzisothiazole having a keto-group at the 3-position and two oxo substituents at the 1-position. It is used as an artificial sweetening agent.		2.03101,2-benzisothiazole;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide		environmental contaminant;
sweetening agent;
xenobiotic
salicylamide
salamide: a major impurity of hydrochlorothiazide; structure in first source		2.7430phenols;
salicylamides		antirheumatic drug;
non-narcotic analgesic
salmeterol xinafoate
salmeterol : A racemate consisting of equal parts of (R)- and (S)-salmeterol. It is a potent and selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist (EC50 = 5.3 nM). Unlike other beta2 agonists, it binds to the exo-site domain of beta2 receptors, producing a slow onset of action and prolonged activation.. 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl)phenol : A phenol having a hydroxymethyl group at C-2 and a 1-hydroxy-2-{[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino}ethyl group at C-4; derivative of phenylethanolamine.		2.0210ether;
phenols;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
salicylsalicylic acid
salicylsalicylic acid: structure. salsalate : A dimeric benzoate ester obtained by intermolecular condensation between the carboxy of one molecule of salicylic acid with the phenol group of a second. It is a prodrug for salycylic acid that is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and also shows activity against type II diabetes.		3.8630benzoate ester;
benzoic acids;
phenols;
salicylates		antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
secobarbital
Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.		3.5820barbituratesanaesthesia adjuvant;
GABA modulator;
sedative
sevoflurane
Sevoflurane: A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION.. sevoflurane : An ether compound having fluoromethyl and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl as the two alkyl groups.		2.4420ether;
organofluorine compound		central nervous system depressant;
inhalation anaesthetic;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
sibutramine
sibutramine: serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor; Meridia is tradename for sibutramine hydrochloride		3.5920organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-obesity agent;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
sulfadiazine
Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.		4.7690pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
coccidiostat;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
iodoacetic acid
Iodoacetic Acid: A derivative of ACETIC ACID that contains one IODINE atom attached to its methyl group.. iodoacetic acid : A haloacetic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by an iodine atom.		1.9810haloacetic acid;
organoiodine compound		alkylating agent
ipodate
Ipodate: Ionic monomeric contrast media. Usually the sodium or calcium salts are used for examination of the gall bladder and biliary tract. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p704)		2.0410
risedronic acid
Risedronic Acid: A pyridine and diphosphonic acid derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and inhibits BONE RESORPTION.		4.2650pyridines
sotalol
Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.		5.02120ethanolamines;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
sulfonamide		anti-arrhythmia drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
4-phenylbutyric acid, sodium salt
sodium phenylbutyrate : The organic sodium salt of 4-phenylbutyric acid. A prodrug for phenylacetate, it is used to treat urea cycle disorders.		2.0510organic sodium saltEC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
neuroprotective agent;
orphan drug;
prodrug
spiperone
Spiperone: A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. spiperone : An azaspiro compound that is 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane which is substituted at positions 1, 4, and 8 by phenyl, oxo, and 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl groups, respectively.		2.0710aromatic ketone;
azaspiro compound;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
stearic acid
octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.		7.1310long-chain fatty acid;
saturated fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
imatinib
[no description available]		5.6390aromatic amine;
benzamides;
N-methylpiperazine;
pyridines;
pyrimidines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
streptonigrin
[no description available]		2.110pyridines;
quinolone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent
vorinostat
Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).		5.360dicarboxylic acid diamide;
hydroxamic acid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
succinylcholine
Succinylcholine: A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.. succinylcholine : A quaternary ammonium ion that is the bis-choline ester of succinic acid.		3.5820quaternary ammonium ion;
succinate ester		drug allergen;
muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent
succinylsulfathiazole
succinylsulfathiazole: intestinal antimicrobial agent; structure		2.07101,3-thiazoles
sulconazole
sulconazole: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure given in first source. sulconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-sulconazole. An antifungal agent with activity against Candida species, it is used (generally as the nitrate salt) for the topical treatment of fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-[(4-chlorobenzyl)sulfanyl]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}-1H-imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-ethyl-1H-imidazole in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a (4-chlorobenzyl)sulfanediyl group while a second is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorophenyl group.		2.0210dichlorobenzene;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes;
organic sulfide
sulfabenzamide
sulfabenzamide : A sulfonamide containing a benzamido substituent on nitrogen. An antibacterial/antimicrobial, it is often used in conjunction with sulfathiazole and sulfacetamide as a topical, intravaginal antibacterial preparation.		2.4620benzenes;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial drug
sulfacetamide
Sulfacetamide: An anti-bacterial agent that is used topically to treat skin infections and orally for urinary tract infections.. sulfacetamide : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide acylated on the sulfonamide nitrogen.		840N-sulfonylcarboxamide;
substituted aniline		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfadimethoxine
Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.		2.7530aromatic ether;
pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfamerazine
[no description available]		2.7530pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen
sulfameter
Sulfameter: Long acting sulfonamide used in leprosy, urinary, and respiratory tract infections.. sulfamethoxydiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having a methoxy substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.0510pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
leprostatic drug;
renal agent
sulfamethazine
Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.7530pyrimidines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ligand;
xenobiotic
sulfamethizole
Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.		4.4260sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.		8.21262isoxazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
epitope;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
sulfanilamide
[no description available]		2.7530substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
sulfanitran
[no description available]		2.0810sulfonamide
sulfaphenazole
Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent.. sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent.		2.7330primary amino compound;
pyrazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor
sulfapyridine
Sulfapyridine: Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases.. sulfapyridine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		2.0510pyridines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
dermatologic drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfasalazine
Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.		5.17140
sulfathiazole
Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		3.23101,3-thiazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfinpyrazone
Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.		3.360pyrazolidines;
sulfoxide		uricosuric drug
sulfisoxazole
Sulfisoxazole: A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.. sulfisoxazole : A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.		3.1650isoxazoles;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
sulfobromophthalein
Sulfobromophthalein: A phenolphthalein that is used as a diagnostic aid in hepatic function determination.		2.45202-benzofurans;
organobromine compound;
organosulfonic acid;
phenols		dye
sulforaphane
sulforaphane: from Cardaria draba L.. sulforaphane : An isothiocyanate having a 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl group attached to the nitrogen.		2.1510isothiocyanate;
sulfoxide		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol
[no description available]		3.5920alkylbenzene
sulpiride
Sulpiride: A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). sulpiride : A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine.		3.5780benzamides;
N-alkylpyrrolidine;
sulfonamide		antidepressant;
antiemetic;
antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
sumatriptan
Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.		5.1130sulfonamide;
tryptamines		serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
suprofen
Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.		3.360aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antirheumatic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
suramin
Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years.		3.4470naphthalenesulfonic acid;
phenylureas;
secondary carboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antinematodal drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
GABA antagonist;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
purinergic receptor P2 antagonist;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
trypanocidal drug
gatifloxacin
Gatifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used as an ophthalmic solution for the treatment of BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.. gatifloxacin : A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes.		16.6922416N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
tazarotene
tazarotene: a topical acetylenic retinoid; a topical kerytolytic. tazarotene : The ethyl ester of tazarotenic acid. A prodrug for tazarotenic acid, it is used for the treatment of psoriasis, acne, and sun-damaged skin.		2.4520acetylenic compound;
ethyl ester;
pyridines;
retinoid;
thiochromane		keratolytic drug;
prodrug;
teratogenic agent
tegafur
[no description available]		2.0510organohalogen compound;
pyrimidines
telenzepine
telenzepine: structure given in first source		2.7430benzodiazepine
temazepam
Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.		3.8530benzodiazepine
temozolomide
[no description available]		4.4260imidazotetrazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
triazene derivative		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
terazosin
Terazosin: induces decreased blood pressure; used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia		7.54153furans;
piperazines;
primary amino compound;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent
terbutaline
Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.		4.6780phenylethanolamines;
resorcinols		anti-asthmatic drug;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
tocolytic agent
terfenadine
Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.		3.75100diarylmethane
tetracaine
Tetracaine: A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.. tetracaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-N-butylbenzoic acid and 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; a local ester anaesthetic (ester caine) used for surface and spinal anaesthesia.		3.1550benzoate ester;
tertiary amino compound		local anaesthetic
tetraethylammonium
Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)		4.7290quaternary ammonium ion
tetrahydroxy-1,4-quinone
tetrahydroxy-1,4-quinone: structure. tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone : A hydroxybenzoquinone in which all four protons of the benzoquinone structure are substituted by hydroxy groups. A systemic keratolytic, it is normally supplied as its hydrate (CHEBI:137471).		2.0710hydroxybenzoquinonekeratolytic drug
thalidomide
Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.		5.0870phthalimides;
piperidones
thiabendazole
Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate		4.27501,3-thiazoles;
benzimidazole fungicide;
benzimidazoles		antifungal agrochemical;
antinematodal drug
2-thiosalicylic acid
2-thiosalicylic acid: a degradation product of thimerosal; RN given refers to parent cpd. thiosalicylic acid : A sulfanylbenzoic acid that is the 2-sulfanyl derivative of benzoic acid.		2.0710sulfanylbenzoic acidantipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic
thioridazine
Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.		4.93110phenothiazines;
piperidines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
thiotepa
Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).		4.4160aziridines
tiapride
[no description available]		2.0810benzamides
tiaprofenic acid
tiaprofenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tiaprofenic acid : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by a 1-carboxyethyl group.		2.0510aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		drug allergen;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tiaramide
tiaramide: NTA-194, solantal, FK 1160 refer to mono-HCl salt; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410benzothiazoles
ticlopidine
Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.		4.86100monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
fibrin modulating drug;
hematologic agent;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
tilorone
Tilorone: An antiviral agent used as its hydrochloride. It is the first recognized synthetic, low-molecular-weight compound that is an orally active interferon inducer, and is also reported to have antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory actions.. tilorone : A member of the class of fluoren-9-ones that is 9H-fluoren-9-one which is substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethoxy group at positions 2 and 7. It is an interferon inducer and a selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha7 nAChR) agonist. Its hydrochloride salt is used as an antiviral drug.		4.2750aromatic ether;
diether;
fluoren-9-ones;
tertiary amino compound		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
interferon inducer;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
tinidazole
Tinidazole: A nitroimidazole alkylating agent that is used as an antitrichomonal agent against TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS; ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA; and GIARDIA LAMBLIA infections. It also acts as an antibacterial agent for the treatment of BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS and anaerobic bacterial infections.. tinidazole : 1H-imidazole substituted at C-1 by a (2-ethylsulfonyl)ethyl group, at C-2 by a methyl group and at C-5 by a nitro group. It is used as an antiprotozoal, antibacterial agent.		11.882712imidazolesantiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug
tioconazole
tioconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tioconazole.. 1-{2-[(2-chloro-3-thienyl)methoxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that comprises 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethylimidazole carrying an additional (2-chloro-3-thienyl)methoxy substituent at position 2.		2.0210dichlorobenzene;
ether;
imidazoles;
thiophenes
tiopronin
Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE.		4.0640N-acyl-amino acid
tizanidine
tizanidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tizanidine : 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites.		4.6580benzothiadiazole;
imidazoles		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
muscle relaxant
nikethamide
Nikethamide: A central nervous system stimulant. It was formerly used in the treatment of barbiturate overdose but is now considered to be of no value for such purposes and may be dangerous. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1229)		2.0810pyridinecarboxamide
tolazamide
Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		4.460N-sulfonylureahypoglycemic agent;
potassium channel blocker
tolazoline
Tolazoline: A vasodilator that apparently has direct actions on blood vessels and also increases cardiac output. Tolazoline can interact to some degree with histamine, adrenergic, and cholinergic receptors, but the mechanisms of its therapeutic effects are not clear. It is used in treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.. tolazoline : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole substituted by a benzyl group.		2.0710imidazolesalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
vasodilator agent
tolbutamide
Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.		5.23150N-sulfonylureahuman metabolite;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue;
potassium channel blocker
tolmetin
Tolmetin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL) similar in mode of action to INDOMETHACIN.. tolmetin : A monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.		4.2750aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
pyrroles		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tolnaftate
[no description available]		2.4820monothiocarbamic esterantifungal drug
tolperisone
Tolperisone: A centrally acting muscle relaxant that has been used for the symptomatic treatment of spasticity and muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1211)		2.4520aromatic ketone
tosufloxacin
tosufloxacin: quinolone anti-infective agent; structure given in first source. tosufloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tosufloxacin.. 7-(3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively.		5.491511,8-naphthyridine derivative;
amino acid;
aminopyrrolidine;
monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
primary amino compound;
quinolone antibiotic;
tertiary amino compound
ultram
2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol : A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.		4.94110aromatic ether;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
tranexamic acid
Tranexamic Acid: Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.		3.8630amino acid
trapidil
Trapidil: A coronary vasodilator agent.		2.0710triazolopyrimidines
trazodone
Trazodone: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309). trazodone : An N-arylpiperazine in which one nitrogen is substituted by a 3-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a 3-(3-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2(3H)-yl)propyl group.		4.6680monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazolopyridine		adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
triamterene
Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.		4.2650pteridinesdiuretic;
sodium channel blocker
triazolam
Triazolam: A short-acting benzodiazepine used in the treatment of insomnia. Some countries temporarily withdrew triazolam from the market because of concerns about adverse reactions, mostly psychological, associated with higher dose ranges. Its use at lower doses with appropriate care and labeling has been reaffirmed by the FDA and most other countries.		4.5370triazolobenzodiazepinesedative
trichlormethiazide
Trichlormethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p830). trichlormethiazide : A benzothiadiazine, hydrogenated at positions 2, 3 and 4 and substituted with an aminosulfonyl group at C-7, a chloro substituent at C-6 and a dichloromethyl group at C-3 and with S-1 as an S,S-dioxide. A sulfonamide antibiotic, it is used as a diuretic to treat oedema (including that associated with heart failure) and hypertension.		2.4520benzothiadiazine;
sulfonamide antibiotic		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
triclosan
[no description available]		2.4720aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
fungicide;
persistent organic pollutant;
xenobiotic
trientine
Trientine: An ethylenediamine derivative used as stabilizer for EPOXY RESINS, as ampholyte for ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING and as chelating agent for copper in HEPATOLENTICULAR DEGENERATION.. TETA : An azamacrocyle in which four nitrogen atoms at positions 1, 4, 8 and 11 of a fouteen-membered ring are each substituted with a carboxymethyl group.. 2,2,2-tetramine : A polyazaalkane that is decane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 are replaced by nitrogens.		2.0210polyazaalkane;
tetramine		copper chelator
trifluoperazine
[no description available]		4.2550N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
calmodulin antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
trifluperidol
Trifluperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES including MANIA and SCHIZOPHRENIA. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p621)		2.4620aromatic ketone
triflupromazine
Triflupromazine: A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.. triflupromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position.		2.7330organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
trihexyphenidyl
Trihexyphenidyl: One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic.		3.2310amine
trimebutine
Trimebutine: Proposed spasmolytic with possible local anesthetic action used in gastrointestinal disorders.		2.4620trihydroxybenzoic acid
trimeprazine
Trimeprazine: A phenothiazine derivative that is used as an antipruritic.		2.4920phenothiazines
trimethadione
Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.		4.460oxazolidinoneanticonvulsant;
geroprotector
trimethobenzamide
trimethobenzamide: major descriptor (64-84); on-line search BENZAMIDES (64-84); Index Medicus search TRIMETHOBENZAMIDE (64-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. trimethobenzamide : The amide obtained by formal condensation of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid with 4-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethoxy]benzylamine. It is used to prevent nausea and vomitting in humans.		3.2310benzamides;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic
trimethoprim
Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.		13.58371aminopyrimidine;
methoxybenzenes		antibacterial drug;
diuretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
trimetrexate
Trimetrexate: A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.		4.0640
trimipramine
Trimipramine: Tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE, but with more antihistaminic and sedative properties.. trimipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group at the nitrogen atom. It is used as an antidepressant.		4.5470dibenzoazepine;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
trioxsalen
Trioxsalen: Pigmenting photosensitizing agent obtained from several plants, mainly Psoralea corylifolia. It is administered either topically or orally in conjunction with ultraviolet light in the treatment of vitiligo.. lactone : Any cyclic carboxylic ester containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure, or an analogue having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.. antipsoriatic : A drug used to treat psoriasis.. trioxsalen : 7H-Furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which positions 2, 5, and 9 are substituted by methyl groups. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo. After photoactivation it creates interstrand cross-links in DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell division, and can lead to cell injury; recovery from the cell injury may be followed by increased melanisation of the epidermis.		2.0710psoralensdermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent
tripelennamine
Tripelennamine: A histamine H1 antagonist with low sedative action but frequent gastrointestinal irritation. It is used to treat ASTHMA; HAY FEVER; URTICARIA; and RHINITIS; and also in veterinary applications. Tripelennamine is administered by various routes, including topically.		2.4520aromatic amine
troglitazone
Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.		4.7790chromanes;
thiazolidinone		anticoagulant;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
tropicamide
Tropicamide: One of the MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS with pharmacologic action similar to ATROPINE and used mainly as an ophthalmic parasympatholytic or mydriatic.		2.0710acetamides
thenoyltrifluoroacetone
Thenoyltrifluoroacetone: Chelating agent and inhibitor of cellular respiration.		2.0810
tulobuterol
[no description available]		2.0710organochlorine compound
tyramine
[no description available]		3.2310monoamine molecular messenger;
primary amino compound;
tyramines		EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
delavirdine
Delavirdine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.. delavirdine : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-amino group of 1-[3-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl]piperazine, delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		4.9260aminopyridine;
indolecarboxamide;
N-acylpiperazine;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
undecylenic acid
undecylenic acid: a fatty acid with a terminal double bond. 10-undecenoic acid : An undecenoic acid having its double bond in the 10-position. It is derived from castor oil and is used for the treatment of skin problems.. undecenoic acid : A C11, straight-chain fatty acid carrying a C=C double bond at any position.		2.0810undecenoic acidantifungal drug;
plant metabolite
urapidil
[no description available]		2.9840piperazines
urethane
[no description available]		2.0710carbamate esterfungal metabolite;
mutagen
usnic acid
[no description available]		2.0710benzofurans
venlafaxine
venlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group.		5.03120cyclohexanols;
monomethoxybenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
xenobiotic
vesnarinone
[no description available]		2.7330organic molecular entity
vigabatrin
[no description available]		3.8730gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
viloxazine
Viloxazine: A morpholine derivative used as an antidepressant. It is similar in action to IMIPRAMINE.		2.0410aromatic ether
pirinixic acid
pirinixic acid: structure		2.7630aryl sulfide;
organochlorine compound;
pyrimidines
xylazine
Xylazine: An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.. xylazine : A methyl benzene that is 1,3-dimethylbenzene which is substituted by a 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-ylnitrilo group at position 2. It is an alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist and frequently used in veterinary medicine as an emetic and sedative with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties.		2.07101,3-thiazine;
methylbenzene;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
analgesic;
emetic;
muscle relaxant;
sedative
xylometazoline
xylometazoline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0710alkylbenzene
ici 204,219
zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		4.7790carbamate ester;
indoles;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide		anti-asthmatic agent;
leukotriene antagonist
zaleplon
zaleplon: an azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; a hypnotic with less marked effect on psychomotor functions compared to lorazepam. zaleplon : A pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine having a nitrile group at position 3 and a 3-(N-ethylacetamido)phenyl substituent at the 7-position.		4.4160nitrile;
pyrazolopyrimidine		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
central nervous system depressant;
sedative
zolpidem
Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.. zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.		4.85100imidazopyridinecentral nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
sedative
zomepirac
zomepirac: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		3.1550aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrroles		cardiovascular drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
zonisamide
Zonisamide: A benzisoxazole and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL blocker. It is used primarily as an adjunctive antiepileptic agent for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES, with or without secondary generalization.. zonisamide : A 1,2-benzoxazole compound having a sulfamoylmethyl substituent at the 3-position.		3.61201,2-benzoxazoles;
sulfonamide		anticonvulsant;
antioxidant;
central nervous system drug;
protective agent;
T-type calcium channel blocker
zopiclone
zopiclone: S(+)-enantiomer of racemic zopiclone; azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; was term of zopiclone 2004-2007. zopiclone : A pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine compound having a 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxyl group at the 5-position, a 5-chloropyridin-2-yl group at the 6-position and an oxo-substituent at the 7-position.		2.9740monochloropyridine;
pyrrolopyrazine		central nervous system depressant;
sedative
guanidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510one-carbon compound;
organic chloride salt		protein denaturant
hydrocortisone acetate
hydrocortisone acetate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0510cortisol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
cortisone acetate
Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.		3.5920corticosteroid hormone
mitomycin
Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.		4.2950mitomycinalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
oxyphenonium
Oxyphenonium: A quaternary ammonium anticholinergic agent with peripheral side effects similar to those of ATROPINE. It is used as an adjunct in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer, and to relieve visceral spasms. The drug has also been used in the form of eye drops for mydriatic effect.		2.4620acylcholine
prednisolone
Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.		7.6124111beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
drug metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
estriol
hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl.		2.763016alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid		estrogen;
human metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
lysergic acid diethylamide
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: Semisynthetic derivative of ergot (Claviceps purpurea). It has complex effects on serotonergic systems including antagonism at some peripheral serotonin receptors, both agonist and antagonist actions at central nervous system serotonin receptors, and possibly effects on serotonin turnover. It is a potent hallucinogen, but the mechanisms of that effect are not well understood.. lysergic acid diethylamide : An ergoline alkaloid arising from formal condensation of lysergic acid with diethylamine.		2.4520ergoline alkaloid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		dopamine agonist;
hallucinogen;
serotonergic agonist
reserpine
Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.		4.86100alkaloid ester;
methyl ester;
yohimban alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
first generation antipsychotic;
plant metabolite;
xenobiotic
cephaloridine
Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C.		3.2760beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
phentolamine
Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.		4.0840imidazoles;
phenols;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
sorbitol
D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).		4.2650glucitolcathartic;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food humectant;
human metabolite;
laxative;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
thymidine
[no description available]		2.3920pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
floxuridine
Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.		3.360nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
radiosensitizing agent
piperonyl butoxide
[no description available]		2.4720benzodioxolespesticide synergist
bromouracil
Bromouracil: 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an antimetabolite, substituting for thymine in DNA. It is used mainly as an experimental mutagen, but its deoxyriboside (BROMODEOXYURIDINE) is used to treat neoplasms.. 5-bromouracil : A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen.		2.0510nucleobase analogue;
pyrimidines		mutagen
3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid
tiratricol : A monocarboxylic acid that is (4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)acetic acid in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a 4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy group. It is a thyroid hormone analogue that has been used in the treatment of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome.		2.0510
isoproterenol hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620catechols
hydroxyproline
Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.. hydroxyproline : A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group.		2.1104-hydroxyproline;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
histamine dihydrochloride
Ceplene: Tradename for histamine dihydrochloride.		2.0510
thyroxine
Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.		4.07402-halophenol;
iodophenol;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
thyroxine zwitterion;
thyroxine		antithyroid drug;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
dextroamphetamine
Dextroamphetamine: The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.. (S)-amphetamine : A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration.		3.88301-phenylpropan-2-amineadrenergic agent;
adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
dopaminergic agent;
neurotoxin;
sympathomimetic agent
carbachol
Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.		2.0510ammonium salt;
carbamate ester		cardiotonic drug;
miotic;
muscarinic agonist;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
norethindrone acetate
norethisterone acetate : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is norethisterone in which the hydroxy group has been converted to its acetate ester.		2.45203-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
terminal acetylenic compound		progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
spironolactone
Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.		4.54703-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
oxaspiro compound;
steroid lactone;
thioester		aldosterone antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
prednisolone acetate
prednisolone acetate: RN given refers to cpd with locant for acetate group in position 21 & (11 beta)-isomer		3.1440corticosteroid hormone
cyclobarbital
cyclobarbital: was heading 1977-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1977-90); CYCLOBARBITONE, HEXEMAL, & TETRAHYDROPHENOBARBITAL were see CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; use BARBITURATES to search CYCLOBARBITAL 1977-94; short to intermediate duration barbiturate used as hypnotic and sedative		2.4520barbiturates
allobarbital
allobarbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ALLOBARBITONE, DIALLYLBARBITAL, DIALLYLBARBITURIC ACID, & DIALLYLMAL were see ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; a barbiturate derivative with effects of intermediate duration; at lower doses, it is used as a sedative; at higher doses, it displays hypnotic effects		2.0510barbiturates
penicillamine
Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.		4.4260non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
penicillamine		antirheumatic drug;
chelator;
copper chelator;
drug allergen
trichlorfon
Trichlorfon: An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed). trichlorfon : A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.		2.0510organic phosphonate;
organochlorine compound;
phosphonic ester		agrochemical;
anthelminthic drug;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
insecticide
norethandrolone
Norethandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties and moderate progestational activity.		2.0410corticosteroid hormone
cysteine
[no description available]		3.2310cysteine zwitterion;
cysteine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite
prednisone
Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.		8.5424211-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
estrone
Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.		4.936017-oxo steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
phenolic steroid;
phenols		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
oxandrolone
Oxandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties.		3.863017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
oxa-steroid		anabolic agent;
androgen
dehydroepiandrosterone
Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.		2.051017-oxo steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
androstanoid		androgen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
promazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620hydrochloride
nad
[no description available]		2.0510NADgeroprotector
2-acetylaminofluorene
2-Acetylaminofluorene: A hepatic carcinogen whose mechanism of activation involves N-hydroxylation to the aryl hydroxamic acid followed by enzymatic sulfonation to sulfoxyfluorenylacetamide. It is used to study the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of aromatic amines.		2.05102-acetamidofluorenesantimitotic;
carcinogenic agent;
epitope;
mutagen
penicillin g
Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.		13.49621penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
epitope
idoxuridine
[no description available]		2.4620organoiodine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
metaraminol
Metaraminol: A sympathomimetic agent that acts predominantly at alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. It has been used primarily as a vasoconstrictor in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. metaraminol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 2-amino-1-phenylethanol substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a phenolic hydroxy group at position 1. A sympathomimetic agent , it is used in the treatment of hypotension.		2.4820phenylethanolaminesalpha-adrenergic agonist;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
pilocarpine
Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine.		4.460pilocarpineantiglaucoma drug
pentylenetetrazole
Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis.		2.0710organic heterobicyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.		4.27502-halophenol;
amino acid zwitterion;
iodophenol;
iodothyronine		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
isonicotinic acid
isonicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is at position 4 of the pyridine ring.		2.4820pyridinemonocarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
human metabolite
biguanides
Biguanides: Derivatives of biguanide (the structure formula HN(C(NH)NH2)2) that are primarily used as oral HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS for the treatment of DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 and PREDIABETES.. biguanides : A class of oral hypoglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus or prediabetes treatment. They have a structure based on the 2-carbamimidoylguanidine skeleton.		2.4620guanidines
carbon tetrachloride
Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.		10.9371chlorocarbon;
chloromethanes		hepatotoxic agent;
refrigerant
cantharidin
Cantharidin: A toxic compound, isolated from the Spanish fly or blistering beetle (Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria) and other insects. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). This compound can produce severe skin inflammation, and is extremely toxic if ingested orally.. cantharidin : A monoterpenoid with an epoxy-bridged cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride structure secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Natural toxin inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A.		3.3711cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride;
monoterpenoid		EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
herbicide
alanine
Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.		2.2110alanine zwitterion;
alanine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite
serine
Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.		2.0310L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid;
serine zwitterion;
serine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
desoxycorticosterone acetate
Desoxycorticosterone Acetate: The 21-acetate derivative of desoxycorticosterone.		2.0410corticosteroid hormone
chloramphenicol
Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.		13680C-nitro compound;
carboxamide;
diol;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid
Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.		3.0140aspartate family amino acid;
aspartic acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
glutamine
Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.		4.430amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
glutamine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lysine
Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.		2.4220aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
lysine;
organic molecular entity;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
anticonvulsant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cetrimonium bromide
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide : The organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.		2.0510organic bromide salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		detergent;
surfactant
vincristine
[no description available]		4.2450acetate ester;
formamides;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
physostigmine
Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.		4.7790carbamate ester;
indole alkaloid		antidote to curare poisoning;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
miotic
sucrose
Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.		2.9840glycosyl glycosidealgal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
ethinyl estradiol
Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.		3.9312017-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
testosterone propionate
Testosterone Propionate: An ester of TESTOSTERONE with a propionate substitution at the 17-beta position.. androgen : A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.		2.4420steroid ester
tubocurarine
Tubocurarine: A neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in CURARE; plant based alkaloid of Menispermaceae.. tubocurarine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid muscle relaxant which constitutes the active component of curare.. isoquinoline alkaloid : Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine.		2.4920bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloiddrug allergen;
muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
apomorphine
Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.		4.4260aporphine alkaloidalpha-adrenergic drug;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
emetic;
serotonergic drug
aminopyrine
Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.		2.7630pyrazolone;
tertiary amino compound		antipyretic;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
methyltestosterone
Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position.		3.592017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
enone		anabolic agent;
androgen;
antineoplastic agent
promethazine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620hydrochlorideanti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
antipruritic drug;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
sedative
tetrabenazine
9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.		3.5920benzoquinolizine;
cyclic ketone;
tertiary amino compound
adenosine diphosphate
Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.		210adenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate		fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite
cephalothin
Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections.		5.03120azabicycloalkene;
beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative;
thiophenes		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
uridine
[no description available]		2.0510uridinesdrug metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite
kanamycin a
Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.		10.97381kanamycinsbacterial metabolite
ethopabate
Ethopabate: An inhibitor of folate metabolism. It is used as a coccidiostat in poultry.		2.0710amidobenzoic acid
bromodeoxyuridine
Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.		3.3220pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
carbostyril
Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.. quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2.		15.3514810monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolone		bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
phenylephrine
Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		2.0510phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
mydriatic agent;
nasal decongestant;
protective agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
levodopa
Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease		3.4370amino acid zwitterion;
dopa;
L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		allelochemical;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
prodrug
edetic acid
Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.		3.620ethylenediamine derivative;
polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid		anticoagulant;
antidote;
chelator;
copper chelator;
geroprotector
tyrosine
Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.		2.110amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tyrosine		EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical
cysteamine
Cysteamine: A mercaptoethylamine compound that is endogenously derived from the COENZYME A degradative pathway. The fact that cysteamine is readily transported into LYSOSOMES where it reacts with CYSTINE to form cysteine-cysteamine disulfide and CYSTEINE has led to its use in CYSTINE DEPLETING AGENTS for the treatment of CYSTINOSIS.. cysteamine : An amine that consists of an ethane skeleton substituted with a thiol group at C-1 and an amino group at C-2.		3.8630amine;
thiol		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
radiation protective agent
acetylcholine chloride
acetylcholine chloride : The chloride salt of acetylcholine, and a parasympatomimetic drug.		3.8630quaternary ammonium salt
mepazine
mepazine: major descriptor (66-85); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (66-85); Index Medicus search MEPAZINE (66-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. pacatal : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazine has an N-methylpiperidin-4-ylmethyl substituent at the N-10 position.		3.2310phenothiazines
acepromazine
Acepromazine: A phenothiazine that is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES.. acepromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by an acetyl group at position 2 and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at position 10.		2.0710aromatic ketone;
methyl ketone;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amino compound		phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
methoxamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620dimethoxybenzene
methoxamine
Methoxamine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that causes prolonged peripheral VASOCONSTRICTION.. methoxamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group and the phenyl ring is 2- and 5-substituted with methoxy groups. It is an antihypotensive agent (pressor), an agonist acting directly at alpha-adrenoceptors with selectivity for the alpha-1 adrenoceptor subtype similar to phenylephrine .		2.0710amphetaminesalpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypotensive agent
adenosine monophosphate
Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.		2.610adenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate		adenosine A1 receptor agonist;
cofactor;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical
methicillin
Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group.		4.4200penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
niridazole
Niridazole: An antischistosomal agent that has become obsolete.		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
C-nitro compound
cloxacillin
Cloxacillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.. cloxacillin : A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6.		4.6680penicillin allergen;
penicillin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug
methylene blue
Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.		2.5220organic chloride saltacid-base indicator;
antidepressant;
antimalarial;
antimicrobial agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor;
fluorochrome;
histological dye;
neuroprotective agent;
physical tracer
bretylium tosylate
Bretylium Tosylate: An agent that blocks the release of adrenergic transmitters and may have other actions. It was formerly used as an antihypertensive agent, but is now proposed as an anti-arrhythmic.. bretylium tosylate : The tosylate salt of bretylium. It blocks noradrenaline release from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.		2.4320organosulfonate salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		adrenergic antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent
zoxazolamine
Zoxazolamine: A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.		2.4820benzoxazole
leucine
Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.		8.570amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
leucine;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
berlition
berlition: antioxidant preparation containing alpha-lipoic acid, used in the neuroprotective therapy of chronic brain ischemia for correction of free-radical processes. (R)-lipoic acid : The (R)-enantiomer of lipoic acid. A vitamin-like, C8 thia fatty acid with anti-oxidant properties.. lipoic acid : A heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position.		2.0710dithiolanes;
heterocyclic fatty acid;
lipoic acid;
thia fatty acid		cofactor;
nutraceutical;
prosthetic group
calcium acetate
calcium acetate: a principal compound used as phosphate binders in patients with chronic renal failure; used like sevelamer. calcium acetate : The calcium salt of acetic acid. It is used, commonly as a hydrate, to treat hyperphosphataemia (excess phosphate in the blood) in patients with kidney disease: the calcium ion combines with dietary phosphate to form (insoluble) calcium phosphate, which is excreted in the faeces.		3.2310calcium saltchelator
dimethylnitrosamine
Dimethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. It causes serious liver damage and is a hepatocarcinogen in rodents.		2.4620nitrosaminegeroprotector;
mutagen
carbaryl
Carbaryl: A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.. carbaryl : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 1-naphthol with methylcarbamic acid.		2.0510carbamate ester;
naphthalenes		acaricide;
agrochemical;
carbamate insecticide;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
plant growth retardant
lactose
Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.		2.9840lactose
primaquine phosphate
[no description available]		2.4620
methionine
Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.		3.5920aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
methionine zwitterion;
methionine;
proteinogenic amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.		2.930
phenylalanine
Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group.		2.4620amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
phenylalanine;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
Mebutamate
[no description available]		2.0510organic molecular entity
desoxycorticosterone
Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE		2.071020-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
mineralocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
colchicine
(S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.		5.39100alkaloid;
colchicine		anti-inflammatory agent;
gout suppressant;
mutagen
gallamine triethiodide
Gallamine Triethiodide: A synthetic nondepolarizing blocking drug. The actions of gallamine triethiodide are similar to those of TUBOCURARINE, but this agent blocks the cardiac vagus and may cause sinus tachycardia and, occasionally, hypertension and increased cardiac output. It should be used cautiously in patients at risk from increased heart rate but may be preferred for patients with bradycardia. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p198)		2.7430
mebanazine
mebanazine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure		3.2310benzenes
uracil mustard
Uracil Mustard: Nitrogen mustard derivative of URACIL. It is a alkylating antineoplastic agent that is used in lymphatic malignancies, and causes mainly gastrointestinal and bone marrow damage.		2.4620aminouracil;
nitrogen mustard
oxacillin
Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.. oxacillin : A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta.		7.46361penicillinantibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug
cycloheximide
Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.		1.9810antibiotic fungicide;
cyclic ketone;
dicarboximide;
piperidine antibiotic;
piperidones;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
barbituric acid
barbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure from Merck Index, 9th ed, #966. barbituric acid : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4 and -6 by oxo groups. Barbituric acid is the parent compound of barbiturate drugs, although it is not itself pharmacologically active.		2.0510barbituratesallergen;
xenobiotic
chloroform
Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.		2.9440chloromethanes;
one-carbon compound		carcinogenic agent;
central nervous system drug;
inhalation anaesthetic;
non-polar solvent;
refrigerant
dimethyl sulfone
[no description available]		3.5111sulfone
triamcinolone diacetate
triamcinolone diacetate: lysyl oxidase antagonist; Polcortolon may also refers to triamcinolone		2.0810corticosteroid hormone
dimethylformamide
Dimethylformamide: A formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylformamide : A member of the class of formamides that is formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.		2.0510formamides;
volatile organic compound		geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
polar aprotic solvent
norethindrone
Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen.		3.155017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound;
tertiary alcohol		progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
norethynodrel
Norethynodrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions and uses similar to those of PROGESTERONE. It has been used in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding and ENDOMETRIOSIS. As a contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS), it has usually been administered in combination with MESTRANOL.		2.0510oxo steroid
cycloserine
Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis).		8.061514-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
zwitterion		antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antitubercular agent;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist
benziodarone
benziodarone: minor descriptor (75-89); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZOFURANS (68-89) & IODOBENZOATES (74)		3.5920aromatic ketone
ampicillin
Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.		11.241002beta-lactam antibiotic;
penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
mannitol
[no description available]		4.0640mannitolallergen;
antiglaucoma drug;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food anticaking agent;
food bulking agent;
food humectant;
food stabiliser;
food thickening agent;
hapten;
metabolite;
osmotic diuretic;
sweetening agent
cytarabine
[no description available]		4.5370beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
pyrimidine nucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
immunosuppressive agent
trifluridine
Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.		3.8730nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
ornithine
Ornithine: An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.. ornithine : An alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5.		2.4120non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
ornithine		algal metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
mouse metabolite
asparagine
Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group.		3.6220amino acid zwitterion;
asparagine;
aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-hydroxypropiophenone
[no description available]		2.0410acetophenones
histidine
Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3.		2.2110amino acid zwitterion;
histidine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
medroxyprogesterone acetate
[no description available]		3.155020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
corticosteroid;
steroid ester		adjuvant;
androgen;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
female contraceptive drug;
inhibitor;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
sulfobromophthalein sodium
bromosulfophthalein sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of bromosulfophthalein.. bromosulfophthalein : An organosulfonic acid that consists of phthalide bearing four bromo substituents at positions 4, 5, 6 and 7 as well as two 4-hydroxy-3-sulfophenyl groups both located at position 1.		3.1510organic sodium saltdye
mestranol
[no description available]		3.155017beta-hydroxy steroid;
aromatic ether;
terminal acetylenic compound		prodrug;
xenoestrogen
methaqualone
Methaqualone: A quinazoline derivative with hypnotic and sedative properties. It has been withdrawn from the market in many countries because of problems with abuse. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methaqualone : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazolin-4-one substituted at positions 2 and 3 by methyl and o-tolyl groups respectively. A depressant that increases the activity of the GABA receptors in the brain and nervous system, it is used as a sedative and hypnotic medication. It became popular as a recreational drug and club drug in the late 1960s and 1970s.		2.0510quinazolinesGABA agonist;
sedative
trypan blue
VisionBlue: A trypan blue ophthalmic solution.		2.0510
methandrostenolone
Methandrostenolone: A synthetic steroid with anabolic properties that are more pronounced than its androgenic effects. It has little progestational activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1188)		2.0410organic molecular entity
cordycepin
[no description available]		2.05103'-deoxyribonucleoside;
adenosines		antimetabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic
tryptophan
Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.		2.9540erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tryptophan zwitterion;
tryptophan		antidepressant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
quinethazone
quinethazone: RN given for cpd without isomeric designation. quinethazone : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazolin-4-one substituted at positions 2, 6 and 7 by ethyl, sulfamoyl and chloro groups respectively; a thiazide-like diuretic used to treat hypertension.		2.0410quinazolinesantihypertensive agent;
diuretic
arginine
Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.		4.2450arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
bromoethane
bromoethane : A bromoalkane that is ethane carrying a bromo substituent. It is an alkylating agent used as a chemical intermediate in various organic syntheses.		2.4520bromoalkane;
bromohydrocarbon;
volatile organic compound		alkylating agent;
carcinogenic agent;
local anaesthetic;
refrigerant;
solvent
ethylamine
ethylamine : A two-carbon primary aliphatic amine.		2.110primary aliphatic aminehuman metabolite
acetonitrile
acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group.		2.2110aliphatic nitrile;
volatile organic compound		EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
polar aprotic solvent
methylene chloride
Methylene Chloride: A chlorinated hydrocarbon that has been used as an inhalation anesthetic and acts as a narcotic in high concentrations. Its primary use is as a solvent in manufacturing and food technology.. dichloromethane : A member of the class of chloromethanes that is methane in which two of the hydrogens have been replaced by chlorine. A dense, non-flammible colourless liquid at room temperature (b.p. 40degreeC, d = 1.33) which is immiscible with water, it is widely used as a solvent, a paint stripper, and for the removal of caffeine from coffee and tea.		2.1310chloromethanes;
volatile organic compound		carcinogenic agent;
polar aprotic solvent;
refrigerant
tert-butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl Alcohol: An isomer of butanol that contains a tertiary butyl group that consists of three methyl groups, each separately attached to a central (tertiary) carbon.. tert-butanol : A tertiary alcohol alcohol that is isobutane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.		2.7430tertiary alcoholhuman xenobiotic metabolite
tribromoethanol
tribromoethanol: major descriptor (66-90); on-line search ETHANOL (66-90); INDEX MEDICUS search TRIBROMOETHANOL (66-90)		2.0410alcohol;
organobromine compound
trichloroacetic acid
Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.. trichloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		carcinogenic agent;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
perflutren
Definity: a fluorocarbon-filled ultrasonic contrast agent; Definity is tradename. octafluoropropane : A fluorocarbon that is propane in which all of the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorines.		3.2310fluoroalkane;
fluorocarbon
triamcinolone acetonide
Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.		2.753011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
fluoxymesterone
Fluoxymesterone: An anabolic steroid that has been used in the treatment of male HYPOGONADISM, delayed puberty in males, and in the treatment of breast neoplasms in women.		3.231011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
fluorinated steroid		anabolic agent;
antineoplastic agent
mepenzolate bromide
[no description available]		2.4620diarylmethane
allylpropymal
allylpropymal: RN given refers to parent cpd. aprobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione substituted by an isopropyl and a prop-1-en-3-yl group at position 5.		2.0510barbiturates
phencyclidine
Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.		2.9640benzenes;
piperidines		anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug
butobarbital
butobarbital: Butobarbital should be distinguished from Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital)		2.0510barbiturates
methsuximide
methsuximide: anticonvulsant effective in petit mal & psychomotor epilepsy; has a number of unpleasant & toxic side effects; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search SUCCINIMIDES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		3.2310organic molecular entity
acedapsone
Acedapsone: Acetylated sulfone that is slowly metabolized to give long-term, low blood levels of DAPSONE. It has antimicrobial and antimalarial action, but is mainly used as a depot leprostatic agent.. acedapsone : A sulfone that is dapsone in which both of the amino groups been acetylation. An antimicrobial drug, it also has antimalarial activity.		3.3110acetamides;
anilide;
secondary carboxamide;
sulfone		antimalarial;
antimicrobial drug
carbromal
carbromal: was heading 1963-94 (Prov 1963-73); use UREA to search CARBROMAL 1963-94		2.0410N-acylurea
tromethamine
Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)		4.0940primary amino compound;
triol		buffer
triparanol
Triparanol: Antilipemic agent with high ophthalmic toxicity. According to Merck Index, 11th ed, the compound was withdrawn from the market in 1962 because of its association with the formation of irreversible cataracts.		2.4520stilbenoidanticoronaviral agent
trichloroethylene
Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.		2.7530chloroethenesinhalation anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite
acrylamide
[no description available]		2.1110acrylamides;
N-acylammonia;
primary carboxamide		alkylating agent;
carcinogenic agent;
Maillard reaction product;
mutagen;
neurotoxin
dichloroacetic acid
[no description available]		2.0410monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		astringent;
marine metabolite
pantothenic acid
Pantothenic Acid: A butyryl-beta-alanine that can also be viewed as pantoic acid complexed with BETA ALANINE. It is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE.. pantothenic acid : A member of the class of pantothenic acids that is an amide formed from pantoic acid and beta-alanine.. vitamin B5 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pantothenic acids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B5 deficiency. Deficiency of vitamin B5 is rare due to its widespread distribution in whole grain cereals, legumes and meat. Symptoms associated with vitamin B5 deficiency are difficult to asses since they are subtle and resemble those of other B vitamin deficiencies. The vitamers include (R)-pantothenic acid and its ionized and salt forms.. (R)-pantothenate : A pantothenate that is the conjugate base of (R)-pantothenic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. (R)-pantothenic acid : A pantothenic acid having R-configuration.		2.4620pantothenic acid;
vitamin B5		antidote to curare poisoning;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite
bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone
bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone: structure and RN in first source. 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol : A sulfone that is diphenyl sulfone in which both of the para hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy groups.		3.3110bisphenol;
sulfone		endocrine disruptor;
metabolite
sulfachlorpyridazine
Sulfachlorpyridazine: A sulfonamide antimicrobial used for urinary tract infections and in veterinary medicine.. sulfachloropyridazine : A sulfonamide antimicrobial used for urinary tract infections and in veterinary medicine.		2.0710organochlorine compound;
pyridazines;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
dehydrocholic acid
Dehydrocholic Acid: A semisynthetic bile acid made from cholic acid. It is used as a cholagogue, hydrocholeretic, diuretic, and as a diagnostic aid.. 3,7,12-trioxo-5beta-cholanic acid : An oxo-5beta-cholanic acid in which three oxo substituents are located at positions 3, 7 and 12 on the cholanic acid skeleton.		2.051012-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-5beta-steroid;
7-oxo steroid;
oxo-5beta-cholanic acid		gastrointestinal drug
taurocholic acid
Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals.		3.1510amino sulfonic acid;
bile acid taurine conjugate		human metabolite
rhodamine b
rhodamine B: RN & N1 from 9th CI Form Index; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7973; TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE was see RHODAMINES 1975-93; use RHODAMINES to search TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE 1975-93. rhodamine B : An organic chloride salt having N-[9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-6-(diethylamino)-3H-xanthen-3-ylidene]-N-ethylethanaminium as the counterion. An amphoteric dye commonly used as a fluorochrome.		7.4420organic chloride salt;
xanthene dye		fluorescent probe;
fluorochrome;
histological dye
cyclizine
Cyclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist given by mouth or parenterally for the control of postoperative and drug-induced vomiting and in motion sickness. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p935). cyclizine : An N-alkylpiperazine in which one nitrogen of the piperazine ring is substituted by a methyl group, while the other is substituted by a diphenylmethyl group.		2.9740N-alkylpiperazineantiemetic;
central nervous system depressant;
cholinergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic
buclizine
buclizine : An N-alkylpiperazine carrying (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and 4-tert-butylbenzyl groups.		2.0410monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine		antiemetic;
central nervous system depressant;
cholinergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
local anaesthetic
methylprednisolone
Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.		12.351826-methylprednisolone;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antiemetic;
environmental contaminant;
neuroprotective agent;
xenobiotic
rotenone
Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.		2.7630organic heteropentacyclic compound;
rotenones		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor;
phytogenic insecticide;
piscicide;
toxin
thiopropazate
thiopropazate: minor descriptor (66-72); major descriptor (73-85); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (66-85); Index Medicus search PHENOTHIAZINES (66-72); THIOPROPAZATE (73-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. thiopropazate : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazine has a chloro subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-acetoxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.		2.0410acetate ester;
N-alkylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
diquat
Diquat: A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). diquat : The organic cation formed formally by addition of an ethylene bridge between the nitrogen atoms of 2,2'-bipyridine. Most often available as the dibromide.		2.0510organic cationdefoliant;
herbicide
acetrizoic acid
Acetrizoic Acid: An iodinated radiographic contrast medium used as acetrizoate sodium in HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY.		2.0410aminobenzoic acid
brompheniramine
Brompheniramine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria.. brompheniramine : Pheniramine in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is substituted by bromine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, brompheniramine is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.		3.6120organobromine compound;
pyridines		anti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
phensuximide
phensuximide: major descriptor (73-84); on-line search SUCCINIMIDES (73-84); Index Medicus search PHENSUXIMIDE (73-84); RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0710pyrrolidines
acriflavine chloride
3,6-diamino-10-methylacridinium chloride : The 10-methochloride salt of 3,6-diaminoacridine. Note that a mixture of this compound with 3,6-diaminoacridine (proflavine) is known as acriflavine or neutral acriflavine.		2.4520organic chloride saltantibacterial agent;
antiseptic drug;
carcinogenic agent;
histological dye;
intercalator
dimethisoquin
[no description available]		2.0710isoquinolines
penicillin v
Penicillin V: A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections by susceptible gram-positive organisms.. phenoxymethylpenicillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(phenoxyacetyl)amino side-chain.		6.87112penicillin allergen;
penicillin
isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.		4.2650glucitol derivative;
nitrate ester		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
penicillanic acid
Penicillanic Acid: A building block of penicillin, devoid of significant antibacterial activity. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). penicillanic acid : A penam that consists of 3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane bearing a carboxy group at position 2 and having (2S,5R)-configuration.		12318penicillanic acids
hexachlorobutadiene
hexachlorobutadiene: a potent nephrotoxicant in rats; structure		2.0510organochlorine compound
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone
N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source		4.3931pyrrolidin-2-ones
thymol
Thymol: A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent.. thymol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene.		2.4620monoterpenoid;
phenols		volatile oil component
1-naphthol
1-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 1.. hydroxynaphthalene : Any member of the class of naphthalenes that is naphthalene carrying one or more hydroxy groups.		2.0510naphtholgenotoxin;
human xenobiotic metabolite
1-naphthylphenylamine
N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine: RN given refers to 1-naphthylamine cpd; structure		2.0210naphthalenes
pseudoephedrine
Pseudoephedrine: A phenethylamine that is an isomer of EPHEDRINE which has less central nervous system effects and usage is mainly for respiratory tract decongestion.. pseudoephedrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group.		4.0840phenylethanolamines;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-asthmatic drug;
bronchodilator agent;
central nervous system drug;
nasal decongestant;
plant metabolite;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
diethylpropion
Diethylpropion: A appetite depressant considered to produce less central nervous system disturbance than most drugs in this therapeutic category. It is also considered to be among the safest for patients with hypertension. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2290). diethylpropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone in which one of the hydrogens alpha- to the carbonyl is substituted by a diethylamino group. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, it is an appetite depressant and is used as the hydrochloride as an anoretic in the short term management of obesity.		3.2310aromatic ketone;
tertiary amine		appetite depressant
quinoxalines
quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4.		2.6320mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
naphthyridine;
ortho-fused heteroarene
pyronine
Pyronine: Xanthene dye used as a bacterial and biological stain. Synonyms: Pyronin; Pyronine G; Pyronine Y. Use also for Pyronine B. which is diethyl-rather than dimethylamino-.. pyronin Y : An organic chloride salt having 6-(dimethylamino)-N,N-dimethyl-3H-xanthen-3-iminium as the cation. Used with methyl green to selectively demonstrate RNA (red) in contrast to DNA (green) with the Unna-Pappenheim method.		2.0510iminium salt;
organic chloride salt		histological dye
phenylpiperazine
phenylpiperazine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.110
xanthenes
Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring.		2.7430xanthene
phenothiazine
10H-phenothiazine : The 10H-tautomer of phenothiazine.		2.4620phenothiazineferroptosis inhibitor;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger
2-naphthoic acid
2-naphthoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthoic acid : A naphthoic acid that is naphthalene carrying a carboxy group at position 2.		2.110naphthoic acidmouse metabolite;
xenobiotic metabolite
mecoprop
mecoprop: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chloro-2-methylphenyl group.. mecoprop : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mecoprop.		2.110aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes
synephrine
[no description available]		2.7730ethanolamines;
phenethylamine alkaloid;
phenols		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
plant metabolite
propylparaben
Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)		2.0410benzoate ester;
paraben;
phenols		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent
benzoyl peroxide
Benzoyl Peroxide: A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.		2.0510carbonyl compound
1,2-diaminobenzene
1,2-diaminobenzene: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,2-phenylenediamine : A phenylenediamine in which the two amino groups are ortho to each other.		2.0510phenylenediaminehydrogen donor
2-bromophenol
bromophenol : A halophenol that is any phenol containing one or more covalently bonded bromine atoms.		2.4620bromophenolmarine metabolite
dilactide
dilactide: structure given in first source		2.610dioxanes
ethylene dimethacrylate
ethylene glycol dimethacrylate : The enoate ester that is the 1,2-bis(methacryloyl) derivative of ethylene glycol.		2.5920enoate esterallergen;
cross-linking reagent;
polymerisation monomer
pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid
Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid: A cyclized derivative of L-GLUTAMIC ACID. Elevated blood levels may be associated with problems of GLUTAMINE or GLUTATHIONE metabolism.. 5-oxo-L-proline : An optically active form of 5-oxoproline having L-configuration.		3.53115-oxoproline;
L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		algal metabolite
carvone
carvone: an oxidized derivative of limonene; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; L-carvone has spearmint flavor, D-carvone has dill/caraway flavor. carvone : A p-menthane monoterpenoid that consists of cyclohex-2-enone having methyl and isopropenyl substituents at positions 2 and 5, respectively.		4.5711botanical anti-fungal agent;
carvones		allergen
3-dinitrobenzene
dinitrobenzene : Any member of the class of nitrobenzenes that consists of a benzene ring substituted by two nitro groups. A closed class.. 1,3-dinitrobenzene : A dinitrobenzene that is benzene disubstituted at positions 1 and 3 with nitro groups.		2.0510dinitrobenzeneneurotoxin
methylparaben
methylparaben: used as a preservative in cosmetics but potentiates UV-induced damage of skin; RN given refers to parent cpd. methylparaben : A 4-hydroxybenzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with methanol. It is the most frequently used antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics. It occurs naturally in several fruits, particularly in blueberries.		2.0410parabenantifungal agent;
antimicrobial food preservative;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
pyridostigmine bromide
Pyridostigmine Bromide: A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants.		2.7530pyridinium salt
4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane
4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane : An aromatic amine that is diphenylmethane substituted at the 4-position of each benzene ring by an amino group.		3.8730aromatic amineallergen;
carcinogenic agent
phenylisothiocyanate
phenylisothiocyanate: structure. phenyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenyl group attached to the nitrogen; used for amino acid sequencing in the Edman degradation.		2.4620isothiocyanateallergen;
reagent
benzonatate
benzonatate: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1107. benzonatate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of 4-butylaminobenzoic acid with nonaethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Structurally related to procaine and benzocaine, it has an anaesthetic effect on the stretch sensors in the lungs, and is used as a non-narcotic cough suppressant.		3.620benzoate ester;
secondary amino compound;
substituted aniline		anaesthetic;
antitussive
4-bromophenol
4-bromophenol : A bromophenol containing only hydroxy and bromo substituents that are para to one another.		2.4620bromophenolhuman urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
marine metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
persistent organic pollutant;
rat metabolite
2-bromoethylamine
[no description available]		2.4620
allyl alcohol
allyl alcohol: structure. allylic alcohol : An alcohol where the hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom adjacent to a double bond (R groups may be H, organyl, etc.).. allyl alcohol : A propenol in which the C=C bond connects C-2 and C-3. It is has been found in garlic (Allium sativum). Formerly used as a herbicide for the control of various grass and weed seeds.		2.4620primary allylic alcohol;
propenol		antibacterial agent;
fungicide;
herbicide;
insecticide;
plant metabolite
deanol
Deanol: An antidepressive agent that has also been used in the treatment of movement disorders. The mechanism of action is not well understood.. N,N-dimethylethanolamine : A tertiary amine that is ethanolamine having two N-methyl substituents.		2.110ethanolamines;
tertiary amine		curing agent;
radical scavenger
bromobenzene
[no description available]		2.4620bromoarene;
bromobenzenes;
volatile organic compound		hepatotoxic agent;
mouse metabolite;
non-polar solvent
4-methylmorpholine
[no description available]		2.110
n-pentanoic acid
n-pentanoic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. valeric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid containing five carbon atoms.		2.0510short-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		plant metabolite
n-butylamine
n-butylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. butan-1-amine : A primary aliphatic amine that is butane substituted by an amino group at position 1.		2.110primary aliphatic amine
pyrroles
1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.		4.5670pyrrole;
secondary amine
tetrahydrofuran
oxolane : A cyclic ether that is butane in which one hydrogen from each methyl group is substituted by an oxygen.		2.1310cyclic ether;
oxolanes;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent;
volatile organic compound		polar aprotic solvent
furan
furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid.		2.0510furans;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene		carcinogenic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
Maillard reaction product
piperidine
[no description available]		2.110azacycloalkane;
piperidines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent;
secondary amine		base;
catalyst;
human metabolite;
non-polar solvent;
plant metabolite;
protic solvent;
reagent
morpholine
[no description available]		2.110morpholines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent		NMR chemical shift reference compound
hexahydroazepine
hexahydroazepine: RN given refers to parent cpd. azepane : An azacycloalkane that is cycloheptane in which one of the carbon atoms is replaced by a nitrogen atom.		2.110azacycloalkane;
azepanes;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
carbitol
carbitol: used as lubricating oil & in braking fluid, structure. diethylene glycol monoethyl ether : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 2-ethoxyethoxy group at position 2.		2.0310diether;
glycol ether;
hydroxypolyether;
primary alcohol		protic solvent
ergotamine
Ergotamine: A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. ergotamine : A peptide ergot alkaloid that is dihydroergotamine in which a double bond replaces the single bond between positions 9 and 10.		2.7530peptide ergot alkaloidalpha-adrenergic agonist;
mycotoxin;
non-narcotic analgesic;
oxytocic;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
estradiol dipropionate
estradiol dipropionate: RN given refers to (17beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not in Chemline 7/83		2.4320steroid ester
methylergonovine
Methylergonovine: A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed)		3.6120ergoline alkaloid
imipramine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620hydrochlorideantidepressant
neostigmine bromide
neostigmine bromide : The bromide salt of neostigmine.		2.9740bromide salt
phenformin
Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis.		2.7630biguanidesantineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent
mephobarbital
Mephobarbital: A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.. mephobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		2.7530barbituratesanticonvulsant
paramethadione
paramethadione: structure		2.0410oxazolidinoneanticonvulsant
edrophonium chloride
edrophonium chloride : The chloride salt of edrophonium. A reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase with a rapid onset (30-60 seconds after injection) but a short duration of action (5-15 minutes), it is used in myasthenia gravis both diagnostically and to distinguish between under- or over-treatment with other anticholinesterases. It has also been used for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in anaesthesia, and for the management of poisoning due to tetrodotoxin, a neuromuscular blocking toxin found in puffer fish and other marine animals.		2.4620chloride salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		antidote;
diagnostic agent;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobenzene: An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. hexachlorobenzene : A member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.		2.0510aromatic fungicide;
chlorobenzenes		antifungal agrochemical;
carcinogenic agent;
persistent organic pollutant
chloranil
Chloranil: A quinone fungicide used for treatment of seeds and foliage.. tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquiones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which all four hydrogens are substituted by chlorines.		2.05101,4-benzoquinones;
organochlorine compound		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
metabolite
trinitrotoluene
Trinitrotoluene: A 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, which is an explosive chemical that can cause skin irritation and other toxic consequences.. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene : A trinitrotoluene having the nitro groups at positions 2, 4 and 6.		2.0510trinitrotolueneexplosive
framycetin
Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.		3.1950aminoglycosideallergen;
antibacterial drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite
n-methylpyrrolidine
N-methylpyrrolidine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.110
triethylamine
[no description available]		2.7530tertiary amine
benzethonium chloride
benzethonium chloride : A (synthetic) quaternary ammonium salt that is benzyldimethylamine in which the nitrogen is quaternised by a 2-{2-[p-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy}ethyl group, with chloride as the counter-ion. An antiseptic and disinfectant, it is active against a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungi, moulds and viruses.		2.0510aromatic ether;
chloride salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antiseptic drug;
antiviral agent;
disinfectant
pyrazolanthrone
pyrazolanthrone: JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor; structure in first source. anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one : A member of the class of anthrapyrazoles that is anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazole substituted at position 6 by an oxo group. An inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase.		2.0510anthrapyrazole;
aromatic ketone;
cyclic ketone		antineoplastic agent;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
geroprotector
di-n-pentyl phthalate
dipentyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the dipentyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.		2.4620diester;
phthalate ester		plasticiser
diatrizoate meglumine
Diatrizoate Meglumine: A versatile contrast medium used for DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY RADIOLOGY.. meglumine amidotrizoate : The N-methylglucamine salt of amidotrizoic acid. Both the sodium and the meglumine salts of amidotrizoic acid have been widely used as water-soluble radioopaque media in diagnostic radiography. The use of a mixture of the two salts is often preferred, as adverse effects can be reduced.		2.1510monocarboxylic acid anionradioopaque medium
meglumine
Meglumine: 1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.. N-methylglucamine : A hexosamine that is D-glucitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the nitrogen of a methylamino group. A crystalline base, it is used in preparing salts of certain acids for use as diagnostic radiopaque media, while its antimonate is used as an antiprotozoal in the treatment of leishmaniasis.		2.4820hexosamine;
secondary amino compound
cinchophen
cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94		4.4260quinolines
chloroprocaine
chloroprocaine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. chloroprocaine : Procaine in which one of the hydrogens ortho- to the carboxylic acid group is substituted by chlorine. It is used as its monohydrochloride salt as a local anaesthetic, particularly for oral surgery. It has the advantage over lidocaine of constricting blood vessels, so reducing bleeding.		2.4920benzoate ester;
monochlorobenzenes		central nervous system depressant;
local anaesthetic;
peripheral nervous system drug
phenazopyridine hydrochloride
phenazopyridine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining phenazopyridine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.		2.4620hydrochloridecarcinogenic agent;
local anaesthetic;
non-narcotic analgesic
tetrracaine hydrochloride
leocaine: a crystal beta-modification of the beta-dimethylaminoethyl ether of n-butylaminobenzoic acid hydrochloride		2.4620benzoate ester
dimethyldodecylbenzylammonium
dimethyldodecylbenzylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd. benzododecinium : A quaternary ammonium ion obtained by methylation of N-benzyl-N-methyldodecan-1-amine.		3.4411quaternary ammonium ion
4,4'-thiodianiline
4,4'-thiodianiline: structure		3.3110substituted aniline
anileridine
anileridine: minor descriptor (64-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search ISONIPECOTIC ACIDS (68-86); RN given refers to parent cpd. anileridine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of isonipecotic acid in which the hydrogen alpha- to the carboxyl group is substituted by a phenyl group, and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl group.		2.0410ethyl ester;
piperidinecarboxylate ester;
substituted aniline		opioid analgesic;
opioid receptor agonist
yohimbine
Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.		2.4720methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylatealpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
diphenhydramine hydrochloride
Antitussive Agents: Agents that suppress cough. They act centrally on the medullary cough center. EXPECTORANTS, also used in the treatment of cough, act locally.. diphenhydramine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenhydramine.		4.1131hydrochloride;
organoammonium salt		anti-allergic agent;
antiemetic;
antiparkinson drug;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
sedative
nafcillin
Nafcillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin.. nafcillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2-ethoxy-1-naphthoyl)amino group.		9.5270penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
ditiocarb
Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.		2.4620dithiocarbamic acidschelator;
copper chelator
mequinol
mequinol: depigmenting agent; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0510methoxybenzenes;
phenols		metabolite
aziridine
[no description available]		2.110azacycloalkane;
aziridines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent		alkylating agent
methohexital
Methohexital: An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.. methohexital : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by allyl and 1-methylpent-2-ynyl groups.		3.8430acetylenic compound;
barbiturates		drug allergen;
intravenous anaesthetic
quinestrol
Quinestrol: The 3-cyclopentyl ether of ETHINYL ESTRADIOL. After gastrointestinal absorption, it is stored in ADIPOSE TISSUE, slowly released, and metabolized principally to the parent compound. It has been used in ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1011)		2.051017-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
sulfalene
Sulfalene: Long-acting plasma-bound sulfonamide used for respiratory and urinary tract infections and also for malaria.		2.0410pyrazines;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide
dydrogesterone
[no description available]		2.051020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid		progestin
fluocortolone
Fluocortolone: A glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity used topically for various skin disorders.		2.031021-hydroxy steroid
catechin
Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.		4.9221catechinantioxidant;
plant metabolite
tripelennamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620
benzofuran
benzofuran: RN & structure given in first source. 1-benzofuran : A benzofuran consisting of fused benzene and furan rings. It is the parent compound of the class of 1-benzofurans.		2.25101-benzofurans;
benzofuran
adamantane
Adamantane: A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon.		3.1910adamantanes;
polycyclic alkane
isoxazoles
Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.		3.0240isoxazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
oxazoles
Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.		5.94211,3-oxazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles
[no description available]		6.18311,3-thiazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
pyrazines
Pyrazines: A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2.. pyrazine : A diazine that is benzene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 4 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.		3.4420diazine;
pyrazines		Daphnia magna metabolite
ethynodiol diacetate
Ethynodiol Diacetate: A synthetic progestational hormone used alone or in combination with estrogens as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).		2.4620steroid ester;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
estrogen receptor modulator;
synthetic oral contraceptive
propantheline bromide
[no description available]		2.4620xanthenes
calcium gluconate
[no description available]		2.0810calcium saltnutraceutical
ephedrine
Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively.		4.2750phenethylamine alkaloid;
phenylethanolamines		bacterial metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
nasal decongestant;
plant metabolite;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
hydrazine
diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.		2.9840azane;
hydrazines		EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
chlormadinone acetate
Chlormadinone Acetate: An orally active synthetic progestational hormone used often in combinations as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).		2.4520corticosteroid hormone
pirinitramide
Pirinitramide: A diphenylpropylamine with intense narcotic analgesic activity of long duration. It is a derivative of MEPERIDINE with similar activity and usage.		2.4520nitrile
edrophonium bromide
[no description available]		2.0410
norchlorcyclizine
norchlorcyclizine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.4520
2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid
[no description available]		2.0510
estradiol 17 beta-cypionate
[no description available]		2.0210steroid ester
evans blue
Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.		2.7230organic sodium saltfluorochrome;
histological dye;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
monocrotaline
Monocrotaline: A pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment.		2.4620pyrrolizidine alkaloid
testosterone enanthate
[no description available]		2.4420heptanoate ester;
sterol ester		androgen
opipramol
Opipramol: A tricyclic antidepressant with actions similar to AMITRIPTYLINE.		2.0410dibenzoazepine
dibenzepin
dibenzepin: was heading 1975-94 (see under DIBENZAZEPINES 1975-90); use DIBENZAZEPINES to search DIBENZEPIN 1975-94; tricyclic antidepressant similar in action to imipramine		2.110dibenzodiazepine
aminophylline
Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.		3.8730mixturebronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug
azacitidine
Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.		4.4260N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent
phenyramidol
phenyramidol: considered as a drug that possibly causes hepatotoxicity		2.0510aminopyridine
carbutamide
Carbutamide: A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)		2.4520benzenes;
sulfonamide
glymidine
glymidine: was MH 1975-92 (see under SULFONAMIDES 1975-90); GLIDIAZINE & GLYCODIAZINE were see GLYMIDINE 1975-92; use SULFONAMIDES to search GLYMIDINE 1975-92; a sulfonamide hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion. glymidine : A sulfonamide that is N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide which is substituted at position 5 of the pyrimidine ring by a 2-methoxyethoxy group. It is a hypoglycemic drug used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.		2.0410diether;
pyrimidines;
sulfonamide		hypoglycemic agent
pseudoephedrine hydrochloride
pseudoephedrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of pseudoephedrine.		2.4620hydrochlorideplant metabolite
galantamine
Galantamine: A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.. galanthamine : A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.		4.2750benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzazepine alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antidote to curare poisoning;
cholinergic drug;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
nandrolone decanoate
Nandrolone Decanoate: Decanoic acid ester of nandrolone that is used as an anabolic agent to prevent or treat WASTING SYNDROME associated with severe chronic illness or HIV infection (HIV WASTING SYNDROME). It may also be used in the treatment of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.		3.5920steroid ester
bucladesine
[no description available]		2.05103',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide;
butanamides;
butyrate ester		agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
vasodilator agent
procarbazine hydrochloride
procarbazine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining procarbazine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.		2.7630hydrochlorideantineoplastic agent
N-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-1-[4-[[(2-chlorophenyl)methylamino]methyl]cyclohexyl]methanamine
[no description available]		2.4520aromatic amine
cloflucarban
cloflucarban: structure. halocarban : A phenylurea that is urea substituted by 4-chlorophenyl and 4-chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups at positions 1 and 3 respectively. It is often used in deodarants and soaps on account of its anbacterial properties.		2.1510monochlorobenzenes;
phenylureas		antibacterial agent
trifluoroethylamine
trifluoroethylamine: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified fluorine locants		2.110
betamethasone
Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)		3.7610011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
immunosuppressive agent
prenylamine
Prenylamine: A drug formerly used in the treatment of angina pectoris but superseded by less hazardous drugs. Prenylamine depletes myocardial catecholamine stores and has some calcium channel blocking activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1406)		2.4520diarylmethane
perflubron
perflubron: potential anti-obesity compound; reduces food adsorption; 8-carbon perfluorocarbon radiopaque compound; an oral contrast agent for use with MRI to enhance delineation of the bowel distinguishing it from adjacent organs. perflubron : A haloalkane that is perfluorooctane in which a fluorine attached to one of the terminal carbons has been replaced by a bromine.		2.0510haloalkane;
organobromine compound;
perfluorinated compound		blood substitute;
radioopaque medium
fluorometholone
Fluorometholone: A glucocorticoid employed, usually as eye drops, in the treatment of allergic and inflammatory conditions of the eye. It has also been used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluorometholone : A member of the class of glucocorticoids that is Delta(1)-progesterone substituted at positions 11beta and 17 by hydroxy groups, at position 6alpha by a methyl group and at position 9 by a fluoro group. Used for the treatment of corticosteroid-responsive inflammation of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe.		9.375011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug
cyproterone acetate
[no description available]		2.974020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
chlorinated steroid;
steroid ester		androgen antagonist;
geroprotector;
progestin
lithocholic acid
Lithocholic Acid: A bile acid formed from chenodeoxycholate by bacterial action, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as cholagogue and choleretic.. lithocholic acid : A monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid with a alpha-hydroxy substituent at position 3. It is a bile acid obtained from chenodeoxycholic acid by bacterial action.. lithocholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of lithocholic acid.		2.4620bile acid;
C24-steroid;
monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
nandrolone
Nandrolone: C18 steroid with androgenic and anabolic properties. It is generally prepared from alkyl ethers of ESTRADIOL to resemble TESTOSTERONE but less one carbon at the 19 position.. nandrolone : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is estr-4-en-3-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 17.		2.041017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid		human metabolite
thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid
thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid: active against thimerosal intoxication; acts on cell membranes of tumor cells causing reverse transformation to normal cells; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0410alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
sulfur-containing amino acid;
thiazolidinemonocarboxylic acid		antidote;
antioxidant;
hepatoprotective agent
2-fluoroethylamine
2-fluoroethylamine: structure in first source		2.110
chlorphentermine
Chlorphentermine: A sympathomimetic agent that was formerly used as an anorectic. It has properties similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been implicated in lipid storage disorders and pulmonary hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1223)		2.4520amphetamines
dextropropoxyphene
Dextropropoxyphene: A narcotic analgesic structurally related to METHADONE. Only the dextro-isomer has an analgesic effect; the levo-isomer appears to exert an antitussive effect.. propoxyphene : A racemate of the (1R,2R)- and (1S,2R)- diastereoisomers.. dextropropoxyphene : The (1S,2R)-(+)-diastereoisomer of propoxyphene.		4.26501-benzyl-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-phenylpropyl propanoatemu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
ketobemidone
ketobemidone: structure		2.0410piperidines
limestone
Calcium Carbonate: Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.. calcium carbonate : A calcium salt with formula CCaO3.		3.8521calcium salt;
carbonate salt;
inorganic calcium salt;
one-carbon compound		antacid;
fertilizer;
food colouring;
food firming agent
glycyrrhetinic acid
[no description available]		2.4720cyclic terpene ketone;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		immunomodulator;
plant metabolite
chenodeoxycholic acid
Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		4.2550bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
fusarium
Fusarium: A mitosporic Hypocreales fungal genus, various species of which are important parasitic pathogens of plants and a variety of vertebrates. Teleomorphs include GIBBERELLA.		4.9921
lucanthone
Lucanthone: One of the SCHISTOSOMICIDES, it has been replaced largely by HYCANTHONE and more recently PRAZIQUANTEL. (From Martindale The Extrapharmacopoeia, 30th ed., p46). lucanthone : A thioxanthen-9-one compound having a methyl substituent at the 1-position and a 2-[(diethylamino)ethyl]amino substituent at the 4-position. Formerly used for the treatment of schistosomiasis. It is a prodrug, being metabolised to hycanthone.		2.0410thioxanthenesadjuvant;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
mutagen;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
schistosomicide drug
dichloralantipyrine
dichloralantipyrine: 1:2 compound of antipyrine with chloral hydrate		2.0410
emetine
Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.		2.7530isoquinoline alkaloid;
pyridoisoquinoline		antiamoebic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antiviral agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
emetic;
expectorant;
plant metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
dihydralazine
Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)		2.9740phthalazines
phenylpropanolamine
Phenylpropanolamine: A sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of NOREPINEPHRINE but also has direct agonist activity at some adrenergic receptors. It is most commonly used as a nasal vasoconstrictor and an appetite depressant.. phenylpropanolamine : An amphetamine in which the parent 1-phenylpropan-2-amine skeleton is substituted at position 1 with an hydroxy group. A decongestant and appetite suppressant, it is commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations.. (-)-norephedrine : An amphetamine that is propylbenzene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and by an amino group at position 2 (the 1R,2S-stereoisomer). It is a plant alkaloid.		2.0510amphetamines;
phenethylamine alkaloid		plant metabolite
melarsoprol
Melarsoprol: Arsenical used in trypanosomiases. It may cause fatal encephalopathy and other undesirable side effects.		2.1510triazines
arecaidine
[no description available]		2.110citraconoyl group
4-hydroxybutyric acid
4-hydroxybutyric acid: was an entry term to Sodium Oxybate (74-98). 4-hydroxybutyric acid : A 4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a hydroxy group.		3.23104-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxybutyric acid		general anaesthetic;
GHB receptor agonist;
neurotoxin;
sedative
azetidine
[no description available]		2.110azacycloalkane;
azetidines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
alpha-aminopyridine
alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485. aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups.		3.5980
thiazolidines
Thiazolidines: Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES.		3.5311thiazolidine
dihydroergotamine
Dihydroergotamine: A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. dihydroergotamine : Ergotamine in which a single bond replaces the double bond between positions 9 and 10. A semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine, it is used (as the methanesulfonic or tartaric acid salts) for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.		3.8730ergot alkaloid;
semisynthetic derivative		dopamine agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic;
serotonergic agonist;
sympatholytic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
methallenestril
methallenestril: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0410naphthalenes
hematoxylin
Hematoxylin: A dye obtained from the heartwood of logwood (Haematoxylon campechianum Linn., Leguminosae) used as a stain in microscopy and in the manufacture of ink.		3.0110organic heterotetracyclic compound;
oxacycle;
polyphenol;
tertiary alcohol		histological dye;
plant metabolite
podophyllotoxin
Podophyllum: A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other pharmacologically important agents. The plant was formerly used as a cholagogue and cathartic. It is different from the European mandrake, MANDRAGORA.		2.4420furonaphthodioxole;
lignan;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
hesperidin
Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.		3.61203'-hydroxyflavanones;
4'-methoxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
flavanone glycoside;
monomethoxyflavanone;
rutinoside		mutagen
medroxyprogesterone
[no description available]		3.582017alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
androstenediol
Androstenediol: An intermediate in TESTOSTERONE biosynthesis, found in the TESTIS or the ADRENAL GLANDS. Androstenediol, derived from DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE by the reduction of the 17-keto group (17-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES), is converted to TESTOSTERONE by the oxidation of the 3-beta hydroxyl group to a 3-keto group (3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES).. androst-5-ene-3beta,17beta-diol : A 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid that is 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-ene carrying an additional hydroxy group at position 17beta.		2.041017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid		androgen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
radiation protective agent
luminol
Luminol: 5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione. Substance that emits light on oxidation. It is used in chemical determinations.		2.0210
dimenhydrinate
gravinol: has antioxidant and ant-inflammatory activities; structure in first source		3.8830diarylmethane
gluconic acid
gluconic acid: zinc gluconate has anti-inflammatory activity; RN given refers to (D)-isomer; all RRs refers to (D)-isomer unless otherwise noted. ketogluconic acid : A gluconic acid that contains a ketonic carbonyl group.. D-gluconic acid : A gluconic acid having D-configuration.		2.110gluconic acidchelator;
Penicillium metabolite
azomycin
azomycin: RN given refers to parent cpd with specified locant; structure		7.5751C-nitro compound;
imidazoles		antitubercular agent
4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid
4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid: Bepask is calcium salt		2.0710benzamides
syringic acid
syringic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in third source. syringic acid : A dimethoxybenzene that is 3,5-dimethyl ether derivative of gallic acid.		2.1110benzoic acids;
dimethoxybenzene;
phenols		plant metabolite
chlormethiazole
Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.		2.7430thiazoles
methamphetamine
Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.		4.2750amphetamines;
secondary amine		central nervous system stimulant;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
psychotropic drug;
xenobiotic
4-iodophenol
[no description available]		2.0510iodophenol
levocarnitine
(R)-carnitine : The (R)-enantiomer of carnitine.		3.8430carnitineantilipemic drug;
nootropic agent;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
water-soluble vitamin (role)
decamethonium dibromide
[no description available]		2.0410
malondialdehyde
Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.		3.2650dialdehydebiomarker
sulfanilylurea
sulfanilylurea: antimicrobial agent; structure		3.2310benzenes;
sulfonamide
eosine yellowish-(ys)
Eosine Yellowish-(YS): A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.. eosin YS dye : An organic sodium salt that is 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromofluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions.		3.3720organic sodium salt;
organobromine compound		fluorochrome;
histological dye
gentian violet
Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.. crystal violet : An organic chloride salt that is the monochloride salt of crystal violet cation. It has been used in creams for the topical treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, being effective against some Gram-positive bacteria (notably Staphylococcus species) and some pathogenic fungi (including Candida species) but use declined following reports of animal carcinogenicity. It has also been used for dying wood, silk, and paper, as well as a histological stain.		2.7430organic chloride saltanthelminthic drug;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antiseptic drug;
histological dye
thiphenamil
thiphenamil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410diarylmethane
amitriptyline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620organic tricyclic compound
resazurin
resazurin: used as indicator in detection of hyposulfite (sulfoxylate); in food research (reductase test); structure		2.4420phenoxazine
1-naphthylisothiocyanate
1-Naphthylisothiocyanate: A tool for the study of liver damage which causes bile stasis and hyperbilirubinemia acutely and bile duct hyperplasia and biliary cirrhosis chronically, with changes in hepatocyte function. It may cause skin and kidney damage.		2.9840isothiocyanateinsecticide
aminopenicillanic acid
aminopenicillanic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 6-aminopenicillanic acid : A penicillanic acid compound having a (6R)-amino substituent. The active nucleus common to all penicillins, it may be substituted at the 6-amino position to form the semisynthetic penicillins, resulting in a variety of antibacterial and pharmacologic characteristics.		2.110amino acid zwitterion;
penicillanic acids		allergen
hematoporphyrin
Hematoporphyrins: Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.. hematoporphyrin : A dicarboxylic acid that is protoporphyrin in which the vinyl groups at positions 7 and 12 are replaced by 1-hydroxyethyl groups.		2.0510
lithium carbonate
Lithium Carbonate: A lithium salt, classified as a mood-stabilizing agent. Lithium ion alters the metabolism of BIOGENIC MONOAMINES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, and affects multiple neurotransmission systems.		2.4220carbonate salt;
lithium salt		antimanic drug
4-chloromercuribenzenesulfonate
4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate: A cytotoxic sulfhydryl reagent that inhibits several subcellular metabolic systems and is used as a tool in cellular physiology.		2.4120arenesulfonic acid;
arylmercury compound
glycyl-glycyl-glycine
glycyl-glycyl-glycine : A tripeptide in which three glycine units are linked via peptide bonds in a linear sequence.		2.110tripeptide zwitterion;
tripeptide
monoacetyldapsone
monoacetyldapsone: used in leprosy chemotherapy. monoacetyldapsone : A secondary carboxamide resulting from acetylation of one of the amino groups of dapsone.		3.3110acetamides;
anilide;
secondary carboxamide;
sulfone
metahexamide
metahexamide: major descriptor (64-83); on-line search SULFONYLUREA COMPOUNDS (64-83); Index Medicus search METAHEXAMIDE (64-83); RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410benzenes;
sulfonamide
phenindamine
phenindamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410indene
lactulose
[no description available]		3.5920glycosylfructosegastrointestinal drug;
laxative
3-hydroxyflavone
3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone.		2.0610flavonols;
monohydroxyflavone
isoxsuprine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620alkylbenzene
betaine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620
megestrol acetate
[no description available]		2.974020-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
steroid ester		antineoplastic agent;
appetite enhancer;
contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
n,n-dimethylethylamine
[no description available]		2.110
pamabrom
[no description available]		3.2310
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0410
diethylmethylamine
[no description available]		2.110
acetylcysteine
N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.		4.88100acetylcysteine;
L-cysteine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral drug;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mucolytic;
radical scavenger;
vulnerary
3-hydroxyacetanilide
metacetamol : A derivative of phenol which has an acetamido substituent located meta to the phenolic -OH group. It is a non-toxic regioisomer of paracetamol with analgesic properties, but has never been marketed as a drug.		2.4620acetamides;
phenols		non-narcotic analgesic
glycine ethyl ester
glycine ethyl ester: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.110
methoxyacetic acid
methoxyacetic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. methoxyacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a methoxy group.		2.4620ether;
monocarboxylic acid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mutagen
n-methylpiperidine
N-methylpiperidine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.110
Berberine chloride (TN)
[no description available]		3.1510organic molecular entity
phendimetrazine
phendimetrazine: minor descriptor (66-86); file maintained to MORPHOLINES (66-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search MORPHOLINES (66-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.4620
trimetozine
[no description available]		2.4620morpholines
benzydamine
Benzydamine: A benzyl-indazole having analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used to reduce post-surgical and post-traumatic pain and edema and to promote healing. It is also used topically in treatment of RHEUMATIC DISEASES and INFLAMMATION of the mouth and throat.. benzydamine : A member of the class of indazoles carrying benzyl and 3-(dimethylamino)propyl groups at positions 1 and 3 respectively. A locally-acting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits local anaesthetic and analgesic properties.		2.110aromatic ether;
indazoles;
tertiary amino compound		analgesic;
central nervous system stimulant;
hallucinogen;
local anaesthetic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
erythromycin stearate
[no description available]		2.0510aminoglycoside
erythromycin
Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.		12.21434cyclic ketone;
erythromycin
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate: The circulating form of a major C19 steroid produced primarily by the ADRENAL CORTEX. DHEA sulfate serves as a precursor for TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE.. dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate : A steroid sulfate that is the 3-sulfooxy derivative of dehydroepiandrosterone.		3.151017-oxo steroid;
steroid sulfate		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
butaperazine
butaperazine: was heading 1964-94 (Prov 1964-73); use PHENOTHIAZINES to search BUTAPERAZINE 1966-94		2.0410phenothiazines
docosanol
Tadenan: from powdered bark of Pygaeum africanum (Rosaceae), see also heading for docosanol (a priciple ingredient of extract). docosan-1-ol : A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is docosane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It is a non-prescription medicine approved by the FDA to shorten healing time of cold sores.. docosanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of twenty-two carbon atoms.		2.0710docosanol;
long-chain primary fatty alcohol		antiviral drug;
plant metabolite
tetracyanoethylene
tetracyanoethene: structure in first source		2.2110
hydroxychloroquine sulfate
[no description available]		2.0810
ethylnitrosourea
Ethylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by ethyl and nitroso groups.		1.9910N-nitrosoureasalkylating agent;
carcinogenic agent;
genotoxin;
mutagen
levonorgestrel
Levonorgestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.		4.255017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
female contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
2-hydroxyethyl acrylate
[no description available]		7.1310
tempidon
2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinone: structure in first source		2.110piperidones
lormetazepam
lormetazepam: RN given refers to cpd with specified locant for methyl group; structure given in first source. lormetazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone compound having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position, a 2-chlorophenyl group at the 5-position and a chloro substituent at the 7-position.		2.74301,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		sedative
vinblastine
[no description available]		4.6580
hydroxyethyl methacrylate
hydroxyethyl methacrylate: many of cited refs are for gel which refers to polymeric form of above cpd: POLYHYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE. 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate : An enoate ester that is the monomethacryloyl derivative of ethylene glycol.		2.1310enoate esterallergen;
polymerisation monomer
diphenoxylate
Diphenoxylate: A MEPERIDINE congener used as an antidiarrheal, usually in combination with ATROPINE. At high doses, it acts like morphine. Its unesterified metabolite difenoxin has similar properties and is used similarly. It has little or no analgesic activity.. diphenoxylate : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of difenoxin.		3.2310ethyl ester;
nitrile;
piperidinecarboxylate ester;
tertiary amine		antidiarrhoeal drug
1-methylpyridinium
1-methylpyridinium: RN given refers to parent cpd		3.1510methylpyridines
oxolamine
oxolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410oxadiazole;
ring assembly
ethylestrenol
Ethylestrenol: An anabolic steroid with some progestational activity and little androgenic effect.. ethylestrenol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is estrane containing a double bond between positions 4 and 5 and substituted by an ethyl group and a hydroxy group at the 17alpha and 17beta positions, respectively. It is an anabolic steroid that has little androgenic effect and only slight progestational activity. It has been used to promote growth in boys with delayed bone growth.		2.041017beta-hydroxy steroid;
tertiary alcohol		anabolic agent
cyproheptadine hydrochloride (anhydrous)
cyproheptadine hydrochloride (anhydrous) : The hydrochloride salt of cyproheptadine. Note that the drug named cyproheptadine hydrochloride generally refers to cyproheptadine hydrochloride sesquihydrate.		2.4620hydrochloride
estradiol valerate
[no description available]		2.7330steroid ester
ethambutol hydrochloride
ethambutol dihydrochloride : The dihydrchloride salt of ethambutol. A bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, it is effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol dihydrochloride is used alone.		2.0810hydrochlorideantitubercular agent
ethambutol
Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.		14.095911ethanolamines;
ethylenediamine derivative		antitubercular agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
tetramethylpyrazine
tetramethylpyrazine: found in Ligusticum chuanxiong. tetramethylpyrazine : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine in which all four hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. An alkaloid extracted from Chuanxiong (Ligusticum wallichii).		2.0710alkaloid;
pyrazines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
bacterial metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
dehydroepiandrosterone acetate
3beta-acetoxyandrost-5-en-17-one: structure in first source		2.0410steroid ester
ethidium bromide
[no description available]		3.1450organic bromide saltgeroprotector;
intercalator;
trypanocidal drug
durapatite
Durapatite: The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.. hydroxylapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH).		4.3350
sodium hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide: A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)		2.4820alkali metal hydroxide
zinc oxide
Zinc Oxide: A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock.		3.2340zinc molecular entity
antimycin a
[no description available]		2.0810benzamides;
formamides;
macrodiolide;
phenols		antifungal agent;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor;
piscicide
vancomycin
Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.		12.311723glycopeptideantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.		4.2650alpha-tocopherolalgal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite
pregnenolone carbonitrile
Pregnenolone Carbonitrile: A catatoxic steroid and microsomal enzyme inducer having significant effects on the induction of cytochrome P450. It has also demonstrated the potential for protective capability against acetaminophen-induced liver damage.		2.4720aliphatic nitrile
flurandrenolone
Flurandrenolone: A corticosteroid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream or an ointment, and is also used as a polyethylene tape with an adhesive. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p733)		2.071021-hydroxy steroid
ibufenac
ibufenac: used in the treatment of rheumatism; also possesses antipyretic properties; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search PHENYLACETATES (75-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. ibufenac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 4-isobutylphenyl group. Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the clinical use of ibufenac was discontinued due to hepatotoxic side-effects.		3.8630monocarboxylic acidEC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
metylperon
metylperon: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.4620aromatic ketone
metaxalone
[no description available]		3.5820aromatic ether
spectinomycin
Spectinomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of GONORRHEA.. spectinomycin dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining spectinomycin with two molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea.. spectinomycin : A pyranobenzodioxin and antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis.		4.7690cyclic acetal;
cyclic hemiketal;
cyclic ketone;
pyranobenzodioxin;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
clopyralid
clopyralid : An organochlorine pesticide having a 3,6-dichlorinated picolinic acid structure.		2.110organochlorine pesticide;
pyridines		herbicide
dimethylaminopropionitrile
[no description available]		2.110
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin: A mixture of isomers.		2.0510polychlorinated dibenzodioxine
paraquat
Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.. paraquat : An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions.		3.1650organic cationgeroprotector;
herbicide
tetrabutylammonium
tetrabutylammonium: lipophilic probe; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1710quaternary ammonium ion
dronabinol
Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.		4.2450benzochromene;
diterpenoid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide		cannabinoid receptor agonist;
epitope;
hallucinogen;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic
amiloride
Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.		4.640aromatic amine;
guanidines;
organochlorine compound;
pyrazines		diuretic;
sodium channel blocker
clothiapine
clothiapine: was heading 1975-94 (was see under DIBENZOTHIAZEPINES 1975-90); CLOTIAPINE was see CLOTHIAPINE 1978-94; use DIBENZOTHIAZEPINES to search CLOTHIAPINE 1975-94; antipsychotic similar to clozapine		2.0410dibenzothiazepine
pimozide
Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.		5.02120benzimidazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound		antidyskinesia agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
benperidol
Benperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It has been used in the treatment of aberrant sexual behavior. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p567)		2.0410aromatic ketone
pasiniazide
[no description available]		8.411
flumethasone
Flumethasone: An anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in veterinary practice.		2.071011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug
betamethasone valerate
Betamethasone Valerate: The 17-valerate derivative of BETAMETHASONE. It has substantial topical anti-inflammatory activity and relatively low systemic anti-inflammatory activity.. betamethasone valerate : A steroid ester that is betamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position has been converted to the corresponding pentanoate ester.		2.021011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
steroid ester		anti-inflammatory drug
azaribine
azaribine: pyrimidine analogue; anti-metabolite used in psoriasis & mycosis fungoides;. azaribine : A N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine that is 6-azauridine acetylated at positions 2', 3' and 5' on the sugar ring. It is a prodrug for 6-azauridine and is used for treatment of psoriasis.		2.0410acetate ester;
N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine		antipsoriatic;
prodrug
diallyl disulfide
diallyl disulfide: major constituent of garlic oil. diallyl disulfide : An organic disulfide where the organic group specified is allyl. It has been isolated from garlic and other species of the genus Allium.		4.5711organic disulfideantifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
hydrocortisone hemisuccinate
hydrocortisone succinate : A derivative of succinic acid in which one of the carboxy groups is esterified by the C-21 hydroxy group of cortisol (hydrocortisone).		2.1110dicarboxylic acid monoester;
hemisuccinate;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
n-isopropylacrylamide
N-isopropylacrylamide: can polymerize with glycidyl acrylate to form reactive water-soluble polymer that can react with the amino groups of enzymes-proteins or other ligands		7.5720
5-phenylvaleric acid
5-phenylvaleric acid: from Polygonum salicifolium. 5-phenylpentanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is valeric acid substituted by a phenyl group at the delta-position.		2.110benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid
fluorescein
Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy.		2.6102-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
polyphenol;
xanthene dye		fluorescent dye;
radioopaque medium
methylprednisolone hemisuccinate
Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate: A water-soluble ester of METHYLPREDNISOLONE used for cardiac, allergic, and hypoxic emergencies.		2.4420corticosteroid hormone;
hemisuccinate
dexbrompheniramine
dexbrompheniramine : The (pharmacologically active) (S)-(+)-enantiomer of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.		3.2310brompheniramineanti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
sulfadoxine
Sulfadoxine: A long acting sulfonamide that is used, usually in combination with other drugs, for respiratory, urinary tract, and malarial infections.. sulfadoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 5- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. In combination with the antiprotozoal pyrimethamine (CHEBI:8673) it is used as an antimalarial.		2.9740pyrimidines;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
antimalarial
acadesine
[no description available]		2.05101-ribosylimidazolecarboxamide;
aminoimidazole;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
acetophenazine
acetophenazine: major descriptor (73-85); minor descriptor (64-72); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (64-85); Index Medicus search PHENOTHIAZINES (64-72); ACETOPHENAZINE (73-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. acetophenazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at the nitogen atom and an acetyl group at position 2.		2.0410N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
phenothiazines		phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlordesmethyldiazepam
[no description available]		2.0410benzodiazepine
4-nitroimidazole
5-nitroimidazole : A C-nitro compound that is imidazole bearing a nitro substituent at position 5.		3.2110C-nitro compound;
imidazoles
stavudine
Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase		4.94110dihydrofuran;
nucleoside analogue;
organic molecular entity		antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
doxifluridine
doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.		2.9640organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
dicloxacillin
Dicloxacillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.. dicloxacillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl]formyl group.		4.5570dichlorobenzene;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.		2.4820fluorescein isothiocyanate
sabinene
sabinene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. sabinene : A thujene that is a bicyclic monoterpene isolated from the essential oils of various plant species.		3.411thujeneplant metabolite
cyclacillin
Cyclacillin: A cyclohexylamido analog of PENICILLANIC ACID.		2.4520penicillinantibacterial drug
iproclozide
iproclozide: structure		2.0510aromatic ether
megestrol
Megestrol: A progestational hormone used most commonly as the acetate ester. As the acetate, it is more potent than progesterone both as a progestagen and as an ovulation inhibitor. It has also been used in the palliative treatment of breast cancer.. megestrol : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a hydroxy group at position 17.		3.231017alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent;
appetite enhancer;
contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
cephaloglycin
Cephaloglycin: A cephalorsporin antibiotic.. cefaloglycin : A cephalosporin antibiotic containing at the 7beta-position of the cephem skeleton an (R)-amino(phenyl)acetamido group.		2.0410beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin		antimicrobial agent
tranylcypromine
Tranylcypromine: A propylamine formed from the cyclization of the side chain of amphetamine. This monoamine oxidase inhibitor is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in panic and phobic disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311). tranylcypromine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine. An irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant (INN tranylcypromine).. (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1R,2S)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine.		2.44202-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine
streptomycin
[no description available]		11.35343antibiotic antifungal drug;
antibiotic fungicide;
streptomycins		antibacterial drug;
antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial agent;
antimicrobial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
clonidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620dichlorobenzene
cladribine
[no description available]		4.6680organochlorine compound;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent
beclomethasone
[no description available]		2.743011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
corticosteroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug
ethylene dimethanesulfonate
ethylene dimethanesulfonate: antispermatogenic agent; structure		2.4620
carbenicillin
Carbenicillin: Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.. carbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain.		4.0940penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
carbenicillin disodium
[no description available]		2.0510organic sodium salt
vantocil
polihexanide: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.4620
dehydroemetine
dehydroemetine: was MH 1991-94 (see under EMETINE 1976-90); use EMETINE to search DEHYDROEMETINE 1976-94; amebicide, derivative of emetine. dehydroemetine : A pyridoisoquinoline which was developed in response to the cardiovascular toxicity associated with emetine and results from the dehydrogenation of the heterotricylic ring of emetine. It is an antiprotozoal agent and displays antimalarial, antiamoebic, and antileishmanial properties.		2.0510aromatic ether;
isoquinolines;
pyridoisoquinoline		antileishmanial agent;
antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug
estradiol enanthate
[no description available]		2.0210steroid ester
noxiptilin
noxiptilin: proposed tricyclic antidepressent; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search DIBENZOCYCLOHEPTENES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd		2.4520organic tricyclic compound
benorilate
benorilate: was heading 1980-94 (see under SALICYLATES 1980-90); was BENORYLATE see under SALICYLATES 1975-79; BENORYLATE was see BENORILATE 1980-94; use SALICYLATES to search BENORILATE 1980-90 & BENORYLATE 1975-79; an ester of aspirin and paracetamol with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activity used in the treatment of rheumatoid diseases; it has less severe side effects than aspirin		2.4520carbonyl compound
trimetazidine
Trimetazidine: A vasodilator used in angina of effort or ischemic heart disease.		2.0510aromatic amine
metocurine
metocurine: from Chinese herb Cyclea hainanensis Mrr		2.4620isoquinolines
floxacillin
Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.		3.84110penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
clomacran
clomacran: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		3.8630acridines
mexiletine hydrochloride
mexiletine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride composed of equimolar amounts of mexiletine and hydrogen chloride.		2.4620hydrochlorideanti-arrhythmia drug
beclomethasone dipropionate
beclomethasone dipropionate : A steroid ester comprising beclomethasone having propionyl groups at the 17- and 21-positions.		2.743011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
corticosteroid;
enone;
glucocorticoid;
propanoate ester;
steroid ester		anti-arrhythmia drug;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
vidarabine
adenine arabinoside : A purine nucleoside in which adenine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond.		2.7530beta-D-arabinoside;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
nucleoside antibiotic
iprindole
Iprindole: A tricyclic antidepressant that has actions and uses similar to those of AMITRIPTYLINE, but has only weak antimuscarinic and sedative effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p257)		2.4520indoles
betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate
[no description available]		2.021011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
propanoate ester;
steroid ester		antipsoriatic
methenamine hippurate
methenamine hippurate: both parts of molecule contribute to its antibacterial action		3.2310N-acylglycine
levomethadone
levomethadone : A 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one that has (R)-configuration. It is the active enantiomer of methadone and its hydrochloride salt is used to treat adults who are addicted to drugs such as heroin and morphine.		2.03106-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-oneantitussive;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
opioid analgesic
isometheptene
isometheptene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5040		2.0410secondary amino compound
olsalazine
olsalazine: cpd with 2 salicylate molecules linked together by an azo bond. olsalazine : An azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.		4.2450azobenzenes;
dicarboxylic acid		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
tiadenol
tiadenol: structure		2.0510aliphatic sulfide
terodiline
[no description available]		2.7430diarylmethane
ampicillin trihydrate
[no description available]		3.3510hydrate
1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethyltriazene
1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethyltriazene: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0410
phenylethylmalonamide
Phenylethylmalonamide: A metabolite of primidone.		2.4420amine
metoclopramide hydrochloride
metoclopramide hydrochloride : A hydrate that is the monohydrate form of metoclopramide monohydrochloride.		2.4620
etidronate disodium
etidronate disodium : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of two protons from etidronic acid (one from from each of the phosphonic acid groups) by sodium ions.		2.0810organic sodium saltantineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
chelator
molindone
Molindone: An indole derivative effective in schizophrenia and other psychoses and possibly useful in the treatment of the aggressive type of undersocialized conduct disorder. Molindone has much lower affinity for D2 receptors than most antipsychotic agents and has a relatively low affinity for D1 receptors. It has only low to moderate affinity for cholinergic and alpha-adrenergic receptors. Some electrophysiologic data from animals indicate that molindone has certain characteristics that resemble those of CLOZAPINE. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p283)		2.0410indoles
manganese
Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4.		3.0130elemental manganese;
manganese group element atom		Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient
palladium
Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46.		9.9721metal allergen;
nickel group element atom;
platinum group metal atom
rhenium
Rhenium: A metal, atomic number 75, atomic weight 186.207, symbol Re.		7.2110manganese group element atom
silver
Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.		3.89100copper group element atom;
elemental silver		Escherichia coli metabolite
terbium
Terbium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Tb, atomic number 65, and atomic weight 158.92.		2.830f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom
titanium
Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures.		3.4460titanium group element atom
cerium
Cerium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ce, atomic number 58, and atomic weight 140.12. Cerium is a malleable metal used in industrial applications.		7.4820f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom
erbium
Erbium: Erbium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Er, atomic number 68, and atomic weight 167.26.		2.1710f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom
europium
Europium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Eu, atomic number 63, and atomic weight 152. Europium is used in the form of its salts as coatings for cathode ray tubes and in the form of its organic derivatives as shift reagents in NMR spectroscopy.		2.2110f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom
gold
Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.		3.1440copper group element atom;
elemental gold
vanadium
Vanadium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol V, atomic number 23, and atomic weight 50.94. It is used in the manufacture of vanadium steel. Prolonged exposure can lead to chronic intoxication caused by absorption usually via the lungs.		2.4110elemental vanadium;
vanadium group element atom		micronutrient
xenon
Xenon: A noble gas with the atomic symbol Xe, atomic number 54, and atomic weight 131.30. It is found in the earth's atmosphere and has been used as an anesthetic.		2.4110monoatomic xenon;
noble gas atom;
p-block element atom
ytterbium
Ytterbium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Yb, atomic number 70, and atomic weight 173. Ytterbium has been used in lasers and as a portable x-ray source.		2.1710f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom
yttrium
Yttrium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Y, atomic number 39, and atomic weight 88.91. In conjunction with other rare earths, yttrium is used as a phosphor in television receivers and is a component of the yttrium-aluminum garnet (YAG) lasers.		2.1710d-block element atom;
rare earth metal atom;
scandium group element atom
zirconium
Zirconium: A rather rare metallic element with atomic number 40, atomic weight 91.224, and symbol Zr.		7.1510titanium group element atom
zalcitabine
Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.		4.6580pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
magnesium sulfate
Magnesium Sulfate: A small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells. Excitation and contraction are uncoupled, which decreases the frequency and force of contractions. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1083). magnesium sulfate : A magnesium salt having sulfate as the counterion.		7.0510magnesium salt;
metal sulfate;
organic magnesium salt		anaesthetic;
analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
anticonvulsant;
calcium channel blocker;
cardiovascular drug;
fertilizer;
tocolytic agent
hexocyclium
hexocyclium: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410amine
metocurine iodide
[no description available]		2.4520aromatic ether
camptothecin
NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source		4.5151delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
quinoline alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
barium sulfate
Barium Sulfate: A compound used as an x-ray contrast medium that occurs in nature as the mineral barite. It is also used in various manufacturing applications and mixed into heavy concrete to serve as a radiation shield.. barium sulfate : A metal sulfate with formula BaO4S. Virtually insoluble in water at room temperature, it is mostly used as a component in oil well drilling fluid it occurs naturally as the mineral barite.		2.2510barium salt;
inorganic barium salt;
metal sulfate		radioopaque medium
tricalcium phosphate
tricalcium phosphate: a form of tricalcium phosphate used as bioceramic bone replacement material; see also records for alpha-tricalcium phosphate, beta-tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate; apatitic tricalcium phosphate Ca9(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH) is the calcium orthophosphate leading to beta tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 (b-TCP). calcium phosphate : A calcium salt composed of calcium and phosphate/diphosphate ions; present in milk and used for the mineralisation of calcified tissues.		2.8430calcium phosphate
silver nitrate
Silver Nitrate: A silver salt with powerful germicidal activity. It has been used topically to prevent OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM.		7.7620inorganic nitrate salt;
silver salt		astringent
sodium thiosulfate
sodium thiosulfate: do not confuse synonym sodium hyposulfite with sodium hyposulfite, synonym for di-Na salt of dithionous acid. sodium thiosulfate : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and thiosulfate ions in a 2:1 ratio.		3.2310inorganic sodium saltantidote to cyanide poisoning;
antifungal drug;
nephroprotective agent
chlorine
Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.		2.3110diatomic chlorine;
gas molecular entity		bleaching agent
ethinyl estradiol-norgestrel combination
Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination: ETHINYL ESTRADIOL and NORGESTREL given in fixed proportions.		2.2510
ozone
Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs.		8.5370elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity;
reactive oxygen species;
triatomic oxygen		antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
electrophilic reagent;
greenhouse gas;
mutagen;
oxidising agent;
tracer
ancitabine
Ancitabine: Congener of CYTARABINE that is metabolized to cytarabine and thereby maintains a more constant antineoplastic action.. ancitabine : An organic heterotricyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the oxo group of cytidine to the 2' position with loss of water to give the corresponding cyclic ether. A prodrug, it is metabolised to the antineoplastic agent cytarabine, so is used to maintain a more constant antineoplastic action.		2.0410diol;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
trolamine salicylate
Arthritis: Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.		2.9740
clortermine
[no description available]		2.0410amphetamines
stanozolol
Stanozolol: A synthetic steroid that has anabolic and androgenic properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1194). stanozolol : An organic heteropentacyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the 3-keto-aldehyde moiety of oxymetholone with hydrazine. Like oxymetholone, it is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It has both anabolic and androgenic properties, and has been used to treat hereditary angioedema and various vascular disorders. It has also been widely abused by professional athletes.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		anabolic agent;
androgen
clodronic acid
Clodronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification.. clodronic acid : An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases.		2.51201,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
one-carbon compound;
organochlorine compound		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent
carbendazim
carbendazim: carcinogen when combined with sodium nitrite; principle metabolite of thiophanate methyl & benomyl; structure. carbendazim : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 2-aminobenzimidazole in which the primary amino group is substituted by a methoxycarbonyl group. A fungicide, carbendazim controls Ascomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti, and Basidiomycetes on a wide variety of crops, including bananas, cereals, cotton, fruits, grapes, mushrooms, ornamentals, peanuts, sugarbeet, soybeans, tobacco, and vegetables.		2.4620benzimidazole fungicide;
benzimidazoles;
benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide;
carbamate ester		antifungal agrochemical;
antinematodal drug;
metabolite;
microtubule-destabilising agent
nicofuranose
nicofuranose: derivative of nicotinic acid that produces fewer side effects than pure nicotinic acid; used in peripheral vascular disease; also proposed as anticholesteremic; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line search NIACIN/AA (75-84); Index Medicus search NIACIN/AA (83-84), NICOTINIC ACIDS (75-82)		2.0410organooxygen compound
mafenide acetate
[no description available]		2.0810carboxylic acid
ethionine
L-ethionine : An S-ethylhomocysteine that has S-configuration at the chiral centre.		2.7530S-ethylhomocysteineantimetabolite;
carcinogenic agent
titanium dioxide
titanium dioxide: used medically as protectant against externally caused irritation & sunlight; high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to respiratory tract; RN given refers to titanium oxide (TiO2); structure. titanium dioxide : A titanium oxide with the formula TiO2. A naturally occurring oxide sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase, it has a wide range of applications.		3.0840titanium oxidesfood colouring
(1S,2R)-tranylcypromine
(1S,2R)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1S,2R)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine.		2.07102-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine
apazone
Apazone: An anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It also has uricosuric properties and has been used to treat gout.. apazone : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazine bearing a dimethylamino substitutent at position 3 and a methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the nitrogens at positions 1 and 2 are both acylated by a carboxy group of propylmalonic acid.		2.4420benzotriazinesnon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
uricosuric drug
diacerein
diacerein: chelates with bivalent metals; a quinone which possesses redox properties; metabolized to active rhein; proposed mechanisms include inhibiting IL1 and metalloproteinases; called a slow acting symptomatic drug in osteoarthritis; no effect of cyclooxygenase;		2.0810anthraquinone
metopimazine
metopimazine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0310phenothiazines
parbendazole
parbendazole: anthelmintic used against a variety of gastrointestinal parasites; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZIMIDAZOLES; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0710benzimidazoles;
carbamate ester
cloforex
cloforex: carbamic ethyl ester of chlorphentermine; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #2275		2.4520amphetamines
xipamide
Xipamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide analog of CLOPAMIDE. It is diuretic and saluretic with antihypertensive activity. It is bound to PLASMA PROTEINS, thus has a delayed onset and prolonged action.		2.0510benzamides
selegiline
Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.		4.86100selegiline;
terminal acetylenic compound		geroprotector
selegiline hydrochloride, (r)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0810hydrochloride;
terminal acetylenic compound		antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
levamisole
Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.		2.96406-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazoleantinematodal drug;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
immunological adjuvant;
immunomodulator
clobutinol
clobutinol: was minor as SILOMAT mapped to AMINO ALCOHOLS (63-79)		2.0410benzenes;
organic amino compound
clemastine
Clemastine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.. clemastine : 2-[(2R)-1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is substituted by a 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylethyl group (R configuration). An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used as its fumarate salt for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.		3.620monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpyrrolidine		anti-allergic agent;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
thiamphenicol
[no description available]		2.9640monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfone		antimicrobial agent;
immunosuppressive agent
pancuronium bromide
pancuronium bromide : A bromide salt consisting of two bromide ions and one pancuronium dication.		2.0810bromide saltcholinergic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
pizotyline
Pizotyline: Serotonin antagonist used against MIGRAINE DISORDERS and vascular headaches.. pizotifen : A benzocycloheptathiophene that is 9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophene 4-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine which is joined from the 4 position to the 4 position of an N-methylpiperidine moiety by a double bond. It is a sedating antihistamine, with strong serotonin antagonist and weak antimuscarinic activity. It is generally used as the malate salt for the treatment of migraine and the prevention of headache attacks during cluster periods.		2.0510benzocycloheptathiophenehistamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
cephalexin
Cephalexin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.. cephalexin : A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract.		5.47110beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
isosorbide-5-mononitrate
isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug		3.2960glucitol derivative;
nitrate ester		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
ornidazole
Ornidazole: A nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent used in ameba and trichomonas infections. It is partially plasma-bound and also has radiation-sensitizing action.. ornidazole : A C-nitro compound that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl and methyl groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of susceptible protozoal infections and for the treatment of anaerobic bacterial infections.		7.7930C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
organochlorine compound;
secondary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
antitrichomonal drug;
epitope
fluorides
[no description available]		2.1710halide anion;
monoatomic fluorine
danazol
Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.		4.668017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		anti-estrogen;
estrogen antagonist;
geroprotector
dioxidine
dioxidine: Russian drug; structure		7.3110
metergoline
Metergoline: A dopamine agonist and serotonin antagonist. It has been used similarly to BROMOCRIPTINE as a dopamine agonist and also for MIGRAINE DISORDERS therapy.. metergoline : An ergoline alkaloid that is the N-benzyloxycarbonyl derivative of lysergamine. A 5-HT2 antagonist. Also 5-HT1 antagonist and 5-HT1D ligand. Has moderate affinity for 5-HT6 and high affinity for 5-HT7.		2.4620carbamate ester;
ergoline alkaloid		dopamine agonist;
geroprotector;
serotonergic antagonist
clonixin
Clonixin: Anti-inflammatory analgesic.. clonixin : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is nicotinic acid substituted at position 2 by a (2-methyl-3-chlorophenyl)amino group. Used (as its lysine salt) for treatment of renal colic, muscular pain and moderately severe migraine attacks.		2.2510aminopyridine;
organochlorine compound;
pyridinemonocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
fenclozic acid
fenclozic acid: an analgesic & antipyretic with anti-inflammatory properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search THIAZOLES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd		3.8830
chromium
chromium hexavalent ion: a human respiratory carcinogen		2.610chromium cation;
monoatomic hexacation
laxagetten 4,4'-diacetoxydiphenylpyridylemethane
[no description available]		3.2310
daunorubicin
Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.		4.960aminoglycoside antibiotic;
anthracycline;
p-quinones;
tetracenequinones		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
razoxane
Razoxane: An antimitotic agent with immunosuppressive properties.		3.8221N-alkylpiperazine
capobenic acid
[no description available]		2.0710benzamides
cephapirin
Cephapirin: Cephalosporin antibiotic, partly plasma-bound, that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.. cephapirin : A cephalosporin with acetoxymethyl and 2(pyridin-4-ylsulfanyl)acetamido substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used (as its sodium salt) as an antibiotic, being effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.		2.4320cephalosporinantibacterial drug
diftalone
[no description available]		2.0710
fludarabine phosphate
fludarabine phosphate: structure given in first source. fludarabine phosphate : A purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate having 2-fluoroadenine as the nucleobase. A prodrug, it is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. Once incorporated into DNA, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP functions as a DNA chain terminator. It is used for the treatment of adult patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have not responded to, or whose disease has progressed during, treatment with at least one standard alkylating-agent containing regimenas.		3.8730nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
disopyramide phosphate
[no description available]		2.4620organoammonium phosphate
alclofenac
alclofenac: was heading 1975-94 (was see under PHENYLACETATES 1975-90); use PHENYLACETATES to search ALCLOFENAC 1975-94; an anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; acts also as an analgesic and an antipyretic. alclofenac : An aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen links an allyl group to the 4-position of (3-chlorophenyl)acetic acid.A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the UK market in 1979 due to concerns with its association with vasculitis and rash.		3.2310aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		drug allergen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
carbimazole
Carbimazole: An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.. carbimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is methimazole in which the nitrogen bearing a hydrogen is converted into its ethoxycarbonyl derivative. A prodrug for methimazol, carbimazole is used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.		2.76301,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones;
carbamate ester		antithyroid drug;
prodrug
bromocriptine
Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.		4.0640indole alkaloidantidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
hormone antagonist
pyrrolidine
[no description available]		2.110azacycloalkane;
pyrrolidines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
triamcinolone
Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.		2.753011beta-hydroxy steroid;
16alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid hormone;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
oxyphenisatin
[no description available]		3.5920indoles
tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene: A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen.		2.0510chlorocarbon;
chloroethenes		nephrotoxic agent
fludrocortisone
Fludrocortisone: A synthetic mineralocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity.		3.231011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
mineralocorticoid		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
ursodeoxycholic acid
Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.		4.4160bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
pregnanolone
Pregnanolone: A pregnane found in the urine of pregnant women and sows. It has anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative properties.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : The 3alpha-stereoisomer of 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one.		2.04103-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid		human metabolite;
intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative
butylated hydroxytoluene
2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-methylphenol substituted by tert-butyl groups at positions 2 and 6.		2.7530phenolsantioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
food additive;
geroprotector
metipranolol
Metipranolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist effective for both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. It is used as an antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, and antiglaucoma agent.. metipranolol : 3-(Propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is substituted by a 4-acetoxy-2,3,5-trimethylphenoxy group. A non-cardioselective beta-blocker, it is used to lower intra-ocular pressure in the management of open-angle glaucoma.		2.4520acetate ester;
aromatic ether;
propanolamine;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
proquazone
proquazone: nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agent; structure		2.0410pyrimidines
benzonidazole
benzonidazole: used in treatment of Chagas' disease. benznidazole : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the aromatic amino group of benzylamine. Used for treatment of Chagas disease.		2.5220C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antiprotozoal drug
halazepam
halazepam: structure		2.4320organic molecular entity
butachlor
butachlor : An aromatic amide that is 2-choro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide in which the amide nitrogen has been replaced by a butoxymethyl group.		2.0510aromatic amide;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary carboxamide		environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
4-methoxyamphetamine
4-methoxyamphetamine: para-methoxy derivative to amphetamine with hallucinogenic properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search AMPHETAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent compound without isomeric designation		4.5720
du-21220
Ritodrine: An adrenergic beta-2 agonist used to control PREMATURE LABOR.. 4-[2-[[1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol : A secondary amino compound that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxypropyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl group.		2.4320benzyl alcohols;
polyphenol;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
rose bengal b disodium salt
[no description available]		2.4720
propamocarb
propamocarb: RN given refers to parent cpd. propamocarb : A carbamate ester that is the propyl ester of 3-(dimethylamino)propylcarbamic acid. It is a systemic fungicide, used (normally as the hydrochloride salt) for the control of soil, root and leaf diseases caused by oomycetes, particularly Phytophthora and Pythium species.		2.110carbamate ester;
carbamate fungicide;
tertiary amino compound		antifungal agrochemical;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
clobetasol propionate
Clobetasol Propionate: This is the form in trademark preparations.. clobetasol propionate : The 17-O-propionate ester of clobetasol. A potent corticosteroid, it is used to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.		2.071011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid		anti-inflammatory drug
glutamic acid
Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.		2.0510glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical
dexchlorpheniramine
dexchlorpheniramine: RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer		3.2310chlorphenamine
ribostamycin
Ribostamycin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial isolated from Streptomyces ribosifidicus.. ribostamycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is 4,6-diaminocyclohexane-1,2,3-triol having a 2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 1 and a beta-D-ribosyl residue attached at position 2. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces ribosidificus (formerly S. thermoflavus).		2.0410amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
metabolite
clometacin
clometacin: structure		3.2310N-acylindole
cefazolin
Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.. cefazolin : A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.		11.29404beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
tetrazoles;
thiadiazoles		antibacterial drug
ripazepam
[no description available]		2.0410benzenes
amoxicillin
Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.		21.0629280penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
timolol
(S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.		5.18140timololanti-arrhythmia drug;
antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
indoramin
Indoramin: An alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist that is commonly used as an antihypertensive agent.		3.1550tryptamines
nicergoline
Nicergoline: An ergot derivative that has been used as a cerebral vasodilator and in peripheral vascular disease. It may ameliorate cognitive deficits in CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS.		2.0510organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
oxcarbazepine
Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy.		3.8730cyclic ketone;
dibenzoazepine		anticonvulsant;
drug allergen
carbidopa
carbidopa (anhydrous) : 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used (commonly as its hydrate) in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa.		3.8830catechols;
hydrazines;
monocarboxylic acid		antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
toloxatone
toloxatone: oxazolidinone derivative; psychotropic drug; structure. toloxatone : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-toloxatone. It is a reversible monoamine oxidase A inhibitor and antidepressant.. 5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3-methylphenyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one : A member of the class of oxazolidinones that is 5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one substituted by a 3-methylphenyl group at position 3.		2.4520oxazolidinone;
primary alcohol;
toluenes
moricizine hydrochloride
moricizine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained from equimola amounts of moricizine and hydrogen chloride.		2.4620hydrochlorideanti-arrhythmia drug
moricizine
Moricizine: An antiarrhythmia agent used primarily for ventricular rhythm disturbances.. moricizine : A phenothiazine substituted on the nitrogen by a 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propanoyl group, and at position 2 by an (ethoxycarbonyl)amino group.		3.8430carbamate ester;
morpholines;
phenothiazines		anti-arrhythmia drug
amineptin
amineptin: used in treatment of neuroses with psychoasthenic, anxio-phobic & depressive manifestations; synonym S 1694 refers to HCl; structure. amineptine : A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne.		3.8630amino acid;
carbocyclic fatty acid;
carbotricyclic compound;
secondary amino compound		antidepressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor
bitolterol
bitolterol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bitolterol : The di-4-toluate ester of (+-)-N-tert-butylnoradrenaline (colterol). A pro-drug for colterol, a beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist, bitolterol is used as its methanesulfonate salt for relief of bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema.		2.0210carboxylic ester;
diester;
ethanolamines;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-asthmatic drug;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
prodrug
zidovudine
Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.		12.34191azide;
pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
feprazone
Feprazone: A pyrazole that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It has been used in mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p15)		2.4620organic molecular entity
pirprofen
pirprofen: anti-inflammatory agent used in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis; prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor; more potent than indomethacin; structure		4.2750pyrroline
sisomicin
Sisomicin: Antibiotic produced by Micromonospora inyoensis. It is closely related to gentamicin C1A, one of the components of the gentamicin complex (GENTAMICINS).		5.2841amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside antibiotic;
beta-L-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative
serentil
mesoridazine besylate : The benzenesulfonate salt of mesoridazine prepared using equimolar amounts of mesoridazine and benzenesulfonic acid.		2.4620organosulfonate saltdopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
amdinocillin
Amdinocillin: An amidinopenicillanic acid derivative with broad spectrum antibacterial action.. mecillinam : A penicillin in which the 6beta substituent is [(azepan-1-yl)methylidene]amino; an extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic that binds specifically to penicillin binding protein 2 (PBP2), and is only considered to be active against Gram-negative bacteria.		2.0410penicillinantibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent
tobramycin
Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.		11.16674amino cyclitol glycosideantibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
toxin
paclitaxel
Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).		5.67140taxane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
microtubule-stabilising agent
etoposide
[no description available]		6.24180beta-D-glucoside;
furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
propafenone hydrochloride
propafenone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of propafenone. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.		2.4620hydrochlorideanti-arrhythmia drug
dobutamine
Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.		4.0740catecholamine;
secondary amine		beta-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
ticarcillin
Ticarcillin: An antibiotic derived from penicillin similar to CARBENICILLIN in action.. ticarcillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-thiophen-3-ylacetyl]amino side-group.		11.38141penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
phenyl-2-aminoethyl sulfide
phenyl-2-aminoethyl sulfide: dopamine-beta-hydroxylase substrate; structure given in first source		2.110
trimazosin
trimazosin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410N-arylpiperazine
halofantrine
halofantrine: used in treatment of mild to moderate acute malaria		2.9440phenanthrenes
penbutolol
Penbutolol: A nonselective beta-blocker used as an antihypertensive and an antianginal agent.		3.5620ethanolamines
etidocaine
Etidocaine: A local anesthetic with rapid onset and long action, similar to BUPIVACAINE.. etidocaine : An amino acid amide in which 2-[ethyl(propyl)amino]butanoic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. Used as a local anaesthetic (amide caine), it has rapid onset and long action properties, similar to bupivacaine, and is given by injection during surgical procedures and during labour and delivery.		2.0410amino acid amidelocal anaesthetic
ribavirin
Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename		6.41211-ribosyltriazole;
aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
primary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
adinazolam
adinazolam: structure in first source. adinazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a dimethylaminomethyl group at the 1-position, a phenyl group at the 6-position and a chloro substituent at the 8-position.		2.7430triazolobenzodiazepineanticonvulsant;
antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
sedative
amikacin
Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.		14.051252alpha-D-glucoside;
amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside;
carboxamide		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
nephrotoxin
tolamolol
[no description available]		2.4720
carbidopa
[no description available]		2.4620catechols;
hydrate;
hydrazines;
monocarboxylic acid		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
cephradine
Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.		4.4160beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
ticrynafen
Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.		4.4260aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antihypertensive agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
loop diuretic
guanadrel
guanadrel: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. guanadrel : A spiroketal resulting from the formal condensation of the keto group of cyclohexanone with the hydroxy groups of 1-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)guanidine. A postganglionic adrenergic blocking agent formerly used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the management of hypertension, it has been largely superseded by other drugs less likely to cause orthostatic hypotension (dizzy spells on standing up or stretching).		2.0210guanidines;
spiroketal		adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
methyldopa
Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.		5.17140L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypertensive agent;
hapten;
peripheral nervous system drug;
sympatholytic agent
tocainide
Tocainide: An antiarrhythmic agent which exerts a potential- and frequency-dependent block of SODIUM CHANNELS.. tocainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide in which 2,6-dimethylphenylaniline and isobutyric acid have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.		2.9540monocarboxylic acid amideanti-arrhythmia drug;
local anaesthetic;
sodium channel blocker
sulbenicillin
Sulbenicillin: Semisynthetic penicillin-type antibiotic.. sulbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-[phenyl(sulfo)acetamido] side-chain.		2.7230penicillin
bezafibrate
[no description available]		3.1650aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antilipemic drug;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
sq-11725
Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.		3.84110
diltiazem
Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.		5.161405-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetateantihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
flunixin meglumine
flunixin meglumine : An organoammonium salt obtained by combining flunixin with one molar equivalent of 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A relatively potent non-narcotic, nonsteroidal analgesic with anti-inflammatory, anti-endotoxic and anti-pyretic properties; used in veterinary medicine for treatment of horses, cattle and pigs.		7.2510organoammonium saltantipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
levobunolol
Levobunolol: The L-Isomer of bunolol.. levobunolol : A cyclic ketone that is 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1-one substituted at position 5 by a 3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy group (the S-enantiomer). A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist used (as its hydrochloride salt) for treatment of glaucoma.		2.0210aromatic ether;
cyclic ketone;
propanolamine		antiglaucoma drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position.		2.9540pyridinium ionapoptosis inducer;
herbicide;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
neurotoxin
nonachlazine
Nonachlazine: Coronary vasodilator with a novel mechanism of action; proposed as antianginal agent.		2.4620
vecuronium bromide
Vecuronium Bromide: Monoquaternary homolog of PANCURONIUM. A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with shorter duration of action than pancuronium. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination as well as its short duration of action and easy reversibility provide advantages over, or alternatives to, other established neuromuscular blocking agents.. vecuronium bromide : The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidinino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.		2.9740organic bromide salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent;
nicotinic antagonist
vecuronium
vecuronium : A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.		3.2310acetate ester;
androstane;
quaternary ammonium ion		drug allergen;
muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent;
nicotinic antagonist
dexibuprofen
dexibuprofen: structure in first source		2.0310ibuprofennon-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
benoxaprofen
benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.		4.42601,3-benzoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antipsoriatic;
antipyretic;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
nephrotoxin;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
protein kinase C agonist
permethrin
hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141		2.9640cyclopropanecarboxylate ester;
cyclopropanes		agrochemical;
ectoparasiticide;
pyrethroid ester acaricide;
pyrethroid ester insecticide;
scabicide
exifone
[no description available]		3.2310benzophenones
pirfenidone
pirfenidone : A pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted at positions 1 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups respectively. An anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.		2.0510pyridoneantipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mefloquine
(-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-mefloquine : An optically active form of [2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol having (-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-configuration. An antimalarial agent, used in racemic form, which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.		4.1520[2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanolantimalarial
desogestrel
Desogestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents (ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, COMBINED).		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
flecainide acetate
flecainide acetate : An acetate salt obtained by combining flecainide with one molar equivalent of acetic acid. An antiarrhythmic agent used to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).		2.4620acetate saltanti-arrhythmia drug
meptazinol
Meptazinol: A narcotic antagonist with analgesic properties. It is used for the control of moderate to severe pain.		2.4520azepanes
nicardipine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620dihydropyridinegeroprotector
muzolimine
Muzolimine: A pyrazole diuretic with long duration and high capacity of action. It was proposed for kidney failure and hypertension but was withdrawn worldwide because of severe neurological effects.		2.0510dichlorobenzene
nitazoxanide
nitazoxanide: a 5-nitrothiazolyl derivative used for a broad range of intestinal parasitic infections including CRYPTOSPORIDIUM and GIARDIA; it is a redox-active nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide prodrug		12.151benzamides;
carboxylic ester
sufentanil
Sufentanil: An opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent.. sufentanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of 4-(methoxymethyl)-N-phenyl-1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.		4.4160anilide;
ether;
piperidines;
thiophenes		anaesthesia adjuvant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
acarbose
[no description available]		3.6120tetrasaccharide derivativeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent
torsemide
Torsemide: A pyridine and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a sodium-potassium chloride symporter inhibitor (loop diuretic). It is used for the treatment of EDEMA associated with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY; and LIVER DISEASES. It is also used for the management of HYPERTENSION.. torasemide : An N-sulfonylurea obtained by formal condensation of [(3-methylphenyl)amino]pyridine-3-sulfonic acid with the free amino group of N-isopropylurea. It is a potent loop diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and edema in patients with congestive heart failure.		4.6580aminopyridine;
N-sulfonylurea;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
loop diuretic
medroxalol
medroxalol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.0410salicylamides
epirubicin
Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.		4.5470aminoglycoside;
anthracycline antibiotic;
anthracycline;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
p-quinones;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
cefmetazole
Cefmetazole: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.. cefmetazole : A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having N(1)-methyltetrazol-5-ylthiomethyl, {[(cyanomethyl)sulfanyl]acetyl}amino and methoxy side-groups at positions 3, 7beta and 7alpha respectively of the parent cephem bicyclic structure.		2.9640cephalosporinantibacterial drug
desflurane
Desflurane: A fluorinated ether that is used as a volatile anesthetic for maintenance of general anesthesia.		2.4420organofluorine compoundinhalation anaesthetic
indacrinone
indacrinone: polyvalent saluretic; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure		2.4620
prenalterol
Prenalterol: A partial adrenergic agonist with functional beta 1-receptor specificity and inotropic effect. It is effective in the treatment of acute CARDIAC FAILURE, postmyocardial infarction low-output syndrome, SHOCK, and reducing ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION in the SHY-RAGER SYNDROME.		2.0410aromatic ether
Flamprop
[no description available]		2.110benzamides
lorcainide
[no description available]		3.1550acetamides
idarubicin
Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.		4.5270anthracycline antibiotic;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative
propiconazole
Orbit: Bony cavity that holds the eyeball and its associated tissues and appendages.		2.1710conazole fungicide;
cyclic ketal;
dichlorobenzene;
triazole fungicide;
triazoles		antifungal agrochemical;
EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
ceforanide
ceforanide: RN given refers to (6R-(trans))-isomer. ceforanide : A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with {[1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and 2-(aminomethyl)phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is effective against many coliforms, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Proteus, and most strains of Salmonella, Shigella, Hemophilus, Citrobacter and Arizona species.		2.0410cephalosporinantibacterial drug
cefonicid
Cefonicid: A second-generation cephalosporin administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Its bactericidal action results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis. It is used for urinary tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, and soft tissue and bone infections.. cefonicid : A cephalosporin bearing {[1-(sulfomethyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and (R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		2.0210cephalosporinantibacterial drug
piperacillin
Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.		10.45693penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
cefotiam
Cefotiam: One of the CEPHALOSPORINS that has a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotiam : A cephalosporin with ({1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-tetrazol-5-yl}sulfanyl)methyl and (2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)acetamido substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. A third generation beta-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic, it is active against a broad spectrum of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.		2.4520beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
paroxetine
Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.		4.86100aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
hepatotoxic agent;
P450 inhibitor;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
captopril
Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.		5.45110alkanethiol;
L-proline derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
cefoperazone
Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections.. cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance.		10.26150cephalosporinantibacterial drug
staurosporine
[no description available]		2.8130indolocarbazole alkaloid;
organic heterooctacyclic compound		apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
geroprotector
foscarnet sodium
trisodium phosphonoformate : The trisodium salt of phosphonoformic acid. It is used as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.		2.4720one-carbon compound;
organic sodium salt		antiviral drug
lodoxamide
[no description available]		2.0210organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
indalpine
indalpine: selective 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitor; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0710indoles
atracurium
Atracurium: A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with short duration of action. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and its lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination provide clinical advantage over alternate non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents.. atracurium : A diester compound consisting of pentane-1,5-diol with both hydroxyls bearing 3-[1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium-2(1H)-yl]propanoyl groups.		4.2650diester;
quaternary ammonium ion		muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
atracurium besylate
atracurium besylate : The bisbenzenesulfonate salt of atracurium.		2.0810organosulfonate salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
butoconazole nitrate
butoconazole nitrate : An organic nitrate salt obtained by reaction of equimolar amounts of butaconazole and nitric acid. An antifungal agent, it is used in gynaecology for treatment of vulvovaginal infections caused by Candida species, particularly Candida albicans.		2.4620aryl sulfide;
conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
imidazoles;
organic nitrate salt
butoconazole
butoconazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. butoconazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)sulfanyl]butyl group. An antifungal agent, it is used as its nitrate salt in gynaecology for treatment of vulvovaginal infections caused by Candida species, particularly Candida albicans.		2.0210aryl sulfide;
conazole antifungal drug;
dichlorobenzene;
imidazole antifungal drug;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes
moxalactam
Moxalactam: Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the CEPHALOSPORINS except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certain CEPHALOSPORINS. It has been proposed especially for the meningitides because it passes the blood-brain barrier and for anaerobic infections.. moxalactam : A broad-spectrum oxacephem antibiotic in which the oxazine ring is substituted with a tetrazolylthiomethyl group and the azetidinone ring carries methoxy and 2-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido substituents.		3.1550cephalosporin;
oxacephem		antibacterial drug
lidamidine
lidamidine: synonym WHR-1142A refers to HCl; structure		2.0710ureas
nicorandil
Nicorandil: A derivative of the NIACINAMIDE that is structurally combined with an organic nitrate. It is a potassium-channel opener that causes vasodilatation of arterioles and large coronary arteries. Its nitrate-like properties produce venous vasodilation through stimulation of guanylate cyclase.. nicorandil : A pyrimidinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl group. It has both nitrate-like and ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator properties, and is used for the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris.		2.4720nitrate ester;
pyridinecarboxamide		potassium channel opener;
vasodilator agent
endralazine
BQ 22-708: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.4420benzamides
naftifine
naftifine: allylamine der; RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. naftifine : A tertiary amine in which the nitrogen is substituted by methyl, alpha-naphthylmethyl, and (1E)-cinnamyl groups. It is used (usually as its hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of fungal skin infections.		2.0210allylamine antifungal drug;
naphthalenes;
tertiary amine		EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor;
sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
pergolide
Pergolide: A long-acting dopamine agonist which has been used to treat PARKINSON DISEASE and HYPERPROLACTINEMIA but withdrawn from some markets due to potential for HEART VALVE DISEASES.. pergolide : A diamine that is ergoline in which the beta-hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a (methylthio)methyl group and the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is replaced by a propyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used as the mesylate salt in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.		3.8430diamine;
methyl sulfide;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist
pergolide mesylate
pergolide mesylate : A methanesulfonate salt obtained from pergolide by mixing eqimolar amount of pergolide and methanesulfonic acid. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.		2.0810methanesulfonate saltantiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
geroprotector
cefadroxil anhydrous
Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		5.46110cephalosporinantibacterial drug
encainide
Encainide: One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and MYOCARDIUM.. encainide : 4-Methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide in which the hydrogen at the 2 position of the phenyl group is substituted by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group. A class Ic antiarrhythmic, the hydrochloride was used for the treatment of severe or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, but it was associated with increased death rates in patients who had asymptomatic heart rhythm abnormalities after a recent heart attack and was withdrawn from the market.		3.1450benzamides;
piperidines		anti-arrhythmia drug;
sodium channel blocker
talniflumate
talniflumate: an anti-inflammatory molecule for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma		2.4820benzofurans
fenoldopam mesylate
[no description available]		2.0810benzazepine
nedocromil
Nedocromil: A pyranoquinolone derivative that inhibits activation of inflammatory cells which are associated with ASTHMA, including EOSINOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MACROPHAGES; MAST CELLS; MONOCYTES; AND PLATELETS.		2.4420dicarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound		anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fialuridine
[no description available]		4.0940
doxofylline
doxofylline : An oxopurine that is a derivative of xanthine, methylated at N-1 and N-3 and carrying a 1,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl group at N-7, used in the treatment of asthma.		2.4720oxopurineanti-asthmatic drug;
antitussive;
bronchodilator agent
cefaclor anhydrous
Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		5.85170cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
pefloxacin
Pefloxacin: A synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent active against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.. pefloxacin : A quinolone that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7 by ethyl, carboxy, fluorine, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups, respectively.		6.47230fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
mitoxantrone hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620hydrochlorideantineoplastic agent
pirazolac
[no description available]		2.0310
alfentanil
Alfentanil: A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.. alfentanil : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine having a 2-(4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl group at the 1-position as well as N-phenylpropanamido- and methoxymethyl groups at the 4-position.		4.460monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidines		central nervous system depressant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug
miglustat
miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor. miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.		3.5920piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
haloperidol decanoate
[no description available]		3.2310organic molecular entity
dazoxiben
dazoxiben: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0710
cefotetan
Cefotetan: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotetan : A semi-synthetic second-generation cephamycin antibiotic with [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl, methoxy and {[4-(2-amino-1-carboxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,3-dithietan-2-yl]carbonyl}amino groups at the 3, 7alpha, and 7beta positions, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is resistant to a wide range of beta-lactamases and is active against a broad spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.		4.7690
recainam
recainam: structure given in first source		2.7430
lovastatin
Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).		4.86100delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		anticholesteremic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
prodrug
flupirtine
flupirtine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.9740aminopyridine
tolrestat
tolrestat: RN & structure given in first source		3.8730naphthalenesEC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
enoximone
Enoximone: A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.		3.1550aromatic ketone
stepronin
[no description available]		2.0810N-acyl-amino acid
piritrexim
piritrexim: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.0510
levocabastine
levocabastine: for the temporary relief of the signs and symptoms of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis		2.0210piperidines
simvastatin
Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.		4.96110delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
statin (semi-synthetic)		EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
prodrug
idazoxan
Idazoxan: A benzodioxane-linked imidazole that has alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist activity.. idazoxan : A benzodioxine that is 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 has been replaced by a 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl group.		2.7530benzodioxine;
imidazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist
remoxipride
Remoxipride: An antipsychotic agent that is specific for dopamine D2 receptors. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia.		3.4570dimethoxybenzene
balsalazide
balsalazide: a mesalamine 5-aminosalicylate prodrug; 99% of ingested drug remains intact through the stomach and is delivered to and activated in the colon; used for inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis and radiation-induced proctosigmoiditis but avoided in patients with known hypersensitivity reaction to salicylates or mesalamine; structure in first source. balsalazide : A monohydroxybenzoic acid consisting of 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) linked to 4-aminobenzoyl-beta-alanine via an azo bond.		3.2310
pravastatin
Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.		5.451103-hydroxy carboxylic acid;
carbobicyclic compound;
carboxylic ester;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol;
statin (semi-synthetic)		anticholesteremic drug;
environmental contaminant;
metabolite;
xenobiotic
cabergoline
Cabergoline: An ergoline derivative and dopamine D2-agonist that inhibits PROLACTIN secretion. It is used in the management of HYPERPROLACTINEMIA, and to suppress lactation following childbirth for medical reasons. Cabergoline is also used in the management of PARKINSON DISEASE.. cabergoline : An N-acylurea that is (8R)-ergoline-8-carboxamide in which the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is substituted by an allyl group and the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen are substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group and an N-ethylcarbamoyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist, cabergoline is used in the management of Parkinson's disease and of disorders associated with hyperprolactinaemia.		3.8530N-acylureaantineoplastic agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist
bambuterol
bambuterol: selective inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase & acetylcholinesterase. bambuterol : A carbamate ester that is terbutaline in which both of the phenolic hydroxy groups have been protected as the corresponding N,N-dimethylcarbamates. A long acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma, it is a prodrug for terbutaline.		2.7430carbamate ester;
phenylethanolamines		anti-asthmatic drug;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
prodrug;
sympathomimetic agent;
tocolytic agent
atomoxetine hydrochloride
Atomoxetine Hydrochloride: A propylamine derivative and selective ADRENERGIC UPTAKE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER.. atomoxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of atomoxetine.		2.4720hydrochlorideadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant
atomoxetine
atomoxetine : A secondary amino compound having methyl and 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-yl substituents.		4.6680aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound;
toluenes		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
quinapril
Quinapril: A tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME inhibitor that is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. quinapril : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		4.6680dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
isoquinolines;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
alpidem
[no description available]		4.4260imidazoles
eproxindine
eproxindine: structure given in first source		2.0310
gepirone
gepirone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.0510N-arylpiperazine
mifepristone
Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.		3.87303-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetylenic compound;
tertiary amino compound		abortifacient;
contraceptive drug;
hormone antagonist;
synthetic oral contraceptive
dopexamine
dopexamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		2.0710catecholamine
amifloxacin
amifloxacin: structure in UD		2.420quinolines
trospectomycin
trospectomycin: active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae; RN refers to 2R-(2alpha,4abeta,5abeta,6beta,7beta,8beta,9beta,9alpha,9aalpha,10abeta)-(9CI)-isomer		2.4520dioxanes
(S)-nomifensine
(S)-nomifensine : The S enantiomer of nomifensine.		2.0310nomifensine
difloxacin
difloxacin: RN & structure given in first source. difloxacin : A quinolone that is pefloxacin in which the ethyl group at position 1 of the quinolone has been replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group. A broad-spectrum antibiotic effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, it is used (usually as the monohydrochloride salt) for the treatment of bacterial infections in dogs.		2.730fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
sarafloxacin
sarafloxacin: RN & structure given in first source		2.4520quinolines
lonapalene
RS 43179: used in treatment of psoriasis		2.0710naphthalenes;
organochlorine compound
fosphenytoin
fosphenytoin: structure given in first & second source		3.5620imidazolidine-2,4-dione
salmeterol xinafoate
Salmeterol Xinafoate: A selective ADRENERGIC BETA-2 RECEPTOR agonist that functions as a BRONCHODILATOR when administered by inhalation. It is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA and CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.		2.0810naphthoic acid
ranolazine
Ranolazine: An acetanilide and piperazine derivative that functions as a SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and prevents the release of enzymes during MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA. It is used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS.. N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetamide : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. ranolazine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-ranolazine. Used for treatment of chronic angina.		3.2310aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monomethoxybenzene;
N-alkylpiperazine;
secondary alcohol
ipsapirone
[no description available]		2.0710N-arylpiperazine
finasteride
Finasteride: An orally active 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE inhibitor. It is used as a surgical alternative for treatment of benign PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. finasteride : An aza-steroid that is a synthetic drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.		4.65803-oxo steroid;
aza-steroid;
delta-lactam		androgen antagonist;
antihyperplasia drug;
EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
imiquimod
Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.		2.0810imidazoquinolineantineoplastic agent;
interferon inducer
rufloxacin
rufloxacin: structure in first source		5.2231fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolines;
quinolone antibiotic
sematilide
sematilide: RN refers to HCl; structure given in first source		2.9740
esmolol
methyl 3-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propoxy]phenyl}propanoate : A methyl ester that is methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl group.. esmolol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-esmolol. A cardioselective and short-acting beta1 receptor blocker with rapid onset but lacking intrinsic sympathomimetic and membrane-stabilising properties, it is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, and for the control of hypertension and tachycardia during surgery. While the S enantiomer possesses all of the heart rate control, both enantiomers contribute to lowering blood pressure.		4.2450aromatic ether;
ethanolamines;
methyl ester;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
temafloxacin
temafloxacin: structure given in first source. temafloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-temafloxacin. Both enantiomers both exhibit similar pharmacological profiles. Temafloxacin was briefly used (either as the free base or as the hydrochloride salt) as an antibacterial drug but was withdrawn worldwide in 1992 following reports of serious side effects, including severe hypoglycaemia, haemolytic anaemia, liver and kidney dysfunction, anaphylaxis, and death.. 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid : A quinolone that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 1, 6, and 7 by 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluorine, and 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups, respectively.		6.0580amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound
(2S)-2-[[oxo-(4-propan-2-ylcyclohexyl)methyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoic acid
[no description available]		2.0310phenylalanine derivative
clinafloxacin
clinafloxacin: structure given in first source; RN given is for monoHCl		7.91250quinolines
sertindole
sertindole : A phenylindole that is 1H-indole which is substituted on the nitrogen by a p-chlorophenyl group, at position 5 by chlorine, and at position 3 by a piperidin-4-yl group, which is itself substituted on the nitrogen by a 2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl group.		2.9540heteroarylpiperidine;
imidazolidinone;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
phenylindole		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
adapalene
Adapalene: A naphthalene derivative that has specificity for RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS. It is used as a DERMATOLOGIC AGENT for the treatment of ACNE.. adapalene : A naphthoic acid that is CD437 in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been converted to its methyl ether.		2.4520adamantanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
naphthoic acid		dermatologic drug;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
adefovir
adefovir: inhibitor of African swine fever virus. adefovir(1-) : A organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by removal of a proton from the phosphonate group of adefovir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).. adefovir : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(t-butoxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (dipivoxil ester) prodrug is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.		4.92606-aminopurines;
ether;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent
loxiglumide
loxiglumide: cholecystokinin receptor antagonist; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; structure in first source		2.4520organic molecular entity
aromasil
[no description available]		3.612017-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sparfloxacin
[no description available]		11.32911fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone
zileuton
[no description available]		4.861001-benzothiophenes;
ureas		anti-asthmatic drug;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
leukotriene antagonist;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
remacemide
remacemide: structure given in first source		2.0710stilbenoid
orbifloxacin
orbifloxacin: structure given in first source in error (quinolone nitrogen atom not shown)		2.4520quinolines
clopidogrel
Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.		3.8730methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
cidofovir anhydrous
Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.		5.1780phosphonic acids;
pyrimidone		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
photosensitizing agent
tiagabine
Tiagabine: A nipecotic acid derivative that acts as a GABA uptake inhibitor and anticonvulsant agent. It is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY, for refractory PARTIAL SEIZURES.. tiagabine : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid that is (R)-nipecotic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a 1,1-bis(3-methyl-2-thienyl)but-1-en-4-yl group. A GABA reuptake inhibitor, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of epilepsy.		4.460beta-amino acid;
piperidinemonocarboxylic acid;
tertiary amino compound;
thiophenes		anticonvulsant;
GABA reuptake inhibitor
marbofloxacin
[no description available]		2.9940quinolines
mibefradil
Mibefradil: A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.		3.2960tetralinsT-type calcium channel blocker
topotecan
Topotecan: An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.. topotecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks.		5.1680pyranoindolizinoquinolineantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
bromfenac
bromfenac: bromfenac sodium is the active cpd; structure in first source. bromfenac : Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.		9.87100aromatic amino acid;
benzophenones;
organobromine compound;
substituted aniline		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gemcitabine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0810hydrochloride;
organofluorine compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent
gemcitabine
gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.		4.0640organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
ibutilide
ibutilide: RN & structure in first source; RN refers to the fumarate salt		4.5270benzenes;
organic amino compound
aripiprazole
Aripiprazole: A piperazine and quinolone derivative that is used primarily as an antipsychotic agent. It is a partial agonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT1A and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS, where it also functions as a post-synaptic antagonist, and an antagonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT2A. It is used for the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA and BIPOLAR DISORDER, and as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of depression.. aripiprazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl group at position 1 and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 4. It is an antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of Schizophrenia, and other mood disorders.		4.0940aromatic ether;
delta-lactam;
dichlorobenzene;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone		drug metabolite;
H1-receptor antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic agonist
remifentanil
Remifentanil: A piperidine-propionate derivative and opioid analgesic structurally related to FENTANYL. It functions as a short-acting MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and is used as an analgesic during induction or maintenance of general anesthesia, following surgery, during childbirth, and in mechanically ventilated patients under intensive care.. remifentanil : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is methyl piperidine-4-carboxylate in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl group and the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted the nitrogen of N-propanoylaniline.		4.0640alpha-amino acid ester;
anilide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidinecarboxylate ester		intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
sedative
atorvastatin calcium anhydrous
[no description available]		2.0810organic calcium salt
atorvastatin
[no description available]		9.86100aromatic amide;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrroles;
statin (synthetic)		environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
lamivudine
[no description available]		5.61130monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
oxacycle;
primary alcohol		allergen;
anti-HBV agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
duloxetine hydrochloride
Duloxetine Hydrochloride: A thiophene derivative and selective NEUROTRANSMITTER UPTAKE INHIBITOR for SEROTONIN and NORADRENALINE (SNRI). It is an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT and ANXIOLYTIC, and is also used for the treatment of pain in patients with DIABETES MELLITUS and FIBROMYALGIA.. (S)-duloxetine hydrochloride : A duloxetine hydrochloride in which the duloxetine moiety has S configuration.		2.0810duloxetine hydrochlorideantidepressant
duloxetine
[no description available]		3.5920duloxetine
irinotecan
[no description available]		12.17111carbamate ester;
delta-lactone;
N-acylpiperidine;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
ring assembly;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
valsartan
Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.		5.61130biphenylyltetrazole;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
ibandronic acid
Ibandronic Acid: Aminobisphosphonate that is a potent inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION. It is used in the treatment of HYPERCALCEMIA associated with malignancy, for the prevention of fracture and bone complications in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases, and for the treatment and prevention of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.		3.5820
ziprasidone
ziprasidone: a benzisothiazoylpiperazine derivative; has combined dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist activity; structurally related to tiospirone. ziprasidone : A piperazine compound having 1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl- and 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2-oxindol-5-yl)ethyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atoms.		4.65801,2-benzisothiazole;
indolones;
organochlorine compound;
piperazines		antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
zanamivir
Zanamivir: A guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit NEURAMINIDASE.		2.7430guanidinesantiviral agent;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
zolmitriptan
zolmitriptan: an antimigraine compound; a serotonin (5HT)-1D receptor agonist. zolmitriptan : A member of the class of tryptamines that is N,N-dimethyltryptamine in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the indole ring has been replaced by a [(4S)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-4-yl]methyl group. A serotonin 5-HT1 B and D receptor agonist, it is used for the treatment of migraine.		4.4160oxazolidinone;
tryptamines		anti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
adefovir dipivoxil
bis(pivaloyloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine: structure given in first source. adefovir pivoxil : An organic phosphonate that is the dipivoxil ester of adefovir. A prodrug for adefovir, an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, adefovir pivoxil is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.		2.47206-aminopurines;
carbonate ester;
ether;
organic phosphonate		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent;
prodrug
emtricitabine
Emtricitabine: A deoxycytidine analog and REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR with antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HEPATITIS B viruses. It is used to treat HIV INFECTIONS.. emtricitabine : An organofluorine compound that is 5-fluorocytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl group (2R,5S configuration). It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.		4.5940monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidone		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
tasosartan
tasosartan: angiotensin II antagonist; structure given in first source		3.8630biphenyls
saquinavir monomethanesulfonate
[no description available]		2.4620organic molecular entity
tiludronic acid
tiludronic acid: a bone resorption inhibitor; an antihypercalcemic agent; used in the tratment of Paget's disease; used in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis; structure given in first source		3.2310organochlorine compound
tirofiban
Tirofiban: Tyrosine analog and PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX antagonist that inhibits PLATELET AGGREGATION and is used in the treatment of ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. tirofiban : A member of the class of piperidines that is L-tyrosine in which a hydrogen attached to the amino group is replaced by a butylsulfonyl group and in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 4-(piperidin-4-yl)butyl group.		3.8530L-tyrosine derivative;
piperidines;
sulfonamide		anticoagulant;
fibrin modulating drug;
platelet glycoprotein-IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist
capecitabine
Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers.		3.5920carbamate ester;
cytidines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
adenosine
quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit		4.460adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent
allyl formate
[no description available]		2.4620
d-lactic acid
(R)-lactic acid : An optically active form of lactic acid having (R)-configuration.		2.1102-hydroxypropanoic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
potassium phosphate
potassium phosphate: used in dental materials and to treat hypophosphatemia; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified MF. tripotassium phosphate : An inorganic potassium salt that is the tripotassium salt of phosphoric acid.		2.0710inorganic phosphate salt;
inorganic potassium salt
pipothiazine
pipothiazine: was heading 1975-94 (see under PHENOTHIAZINE TRANQUILIZERS 1975-90); use PHENOTHIAZINES to search PIPOTHIAZINE 1975-94; a member of the family of phenothiazine tranquilizers		2.0310
paroxetine hydrochloride
paroxetine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of paroxetine. It is an antidepressant drug.		2.4820hydrochlorideantidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
hepatotoxic agent;
P450 inhibitor;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
desferrioxamine b mesylate
desferrioxamine B mesylate : A methanesulfonate salt obtained by reaction of desferrioxamine B with one molar equivalent of methanesulfonic acid. It is an iron-chelating medicine used to remove excess iron from the body. It binds to iron in the blood, which is then passed out in the urine.		2.4620methanesulfonate saltantidote;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
iron chelator
bupropion hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7630aromatic ketone
cisatracurium
cisatracurium: RN refers to (1R-(1alpha,2alpha(1'R*,2'R*)))-isomer. cisatracurium : A diester that is the (1R,1'R,2R,2'R)-diastereoisomer of atracurium, a quaternary ammonium ion consisting of pentane-1,5-diol with both hydroxy functions bearing 3-[1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium-2(1H)-yl]propanoyl groups. The active species in the skeletal muscle relaxant cisatracurium besylate.		2.0410diester;
quaternary ammonium ion		muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
halofuginone
[no description available]		2.0510quinazolines
diltiazem hydrochloride
Carex: fluoride (1.8%) containing varnish; no further information available 8/91. diltiazem hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of diltiazem and hydrogen chloride. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.		2.0510hydrochlorideantihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
trazodone hydrochloride
Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride.		3.0140hydrochlorideadrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
fosinoprilat
fosinoprilat: active phosphinic acid metabolite of prodrug fosenopril, which is activated by esterases in vivo; structure given in first source; binds zinc with phosphinic acid group. fosinoprilat : A phosphinic acid-containing N-acyl derivative of (4S)-cyclohexyl-L-proline. An inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), it is used as the phosphinate ester pro-drug fosinopril for treatment of hypertension and chronic heart failure.		2.0410L-proline derivative;
phosphinic acids		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
ortho-cept
ethinyl estradiol-desogestrel combination: Ethinyl Estradiol and Desogestrell given in fixed proportions; has proved to be an effective & well-tolerated oral contraceptive, which improves cycle control & has a beneficial effect on acne		2.0510
trovafloxacin
trovafloxacin: a trifluoronaphthyridone derivative of 7-(3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexyl)naphthyridone; has antineoplastic activity. trovafloxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure.		10.06670
verapamil hydrochloride
verapamil hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil hydrochloride and (S)-verapamil hydrochloride.		2.7530
cefprozil
[no description available]		4.2550cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
doxazosin mesylate
Cardura: Trade name in United States.		2.0810methanesulfonate saltgeroprotector
ciprofloxacin hydrochloride anhydrous
[no description available]		2.7830hydrochlorideantibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
methylprednisolone aceponate
methylprednisolone aceponate: RN given for (6alpha,11beta)-isomer		2.0210corticosteroid hormone
dexamethasone 17-valerate
dexamethasone 17-valerate: RN given refers to (11beta,16alpha)-isomer; structure		2.021021-hydroxy steroid
dexamethasone dipropionate
[no description available]		2.0210corticosteroid hormone
4-[1-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenol
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
efavirenz
efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		6.1551acetylenic compound;
benzoxazine;
cyclopropanes;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nelfinavir
Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.		5.7961aryl sulfide;
benzamides;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
phenols;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
HIV protease inhibitor
amantadine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620hydrochlorideantiviral agent;
dopamine agonist;
NMDA receptor antagonist
doxapram hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510hydrochloridecentral nervous system stimulant
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer
beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.		2.0710D-glucopyranoseepitope;
mouse metabolite
mevastatin
mevastatin: antifungal metabolite from Penicillium brevicopactum; potent inhibitory activity to sterol synthesis; structure. mevastatin : A carboxylic ester that is pravastatin that is lacking the allylic hydroxy group. A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) isolated from Penicillium citrinum and from Penicillium brevicompactum, its clinical use as a lipid-regulating drug ceased following reports of toxicity in animals.		2.08102-pyranones;
carboxylic ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		antifungal agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
Penicillium metabolite
bupivacaine hydrochloride
bupivacaine hydrochloride (anhydrous) : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine hydrochloride and levobupivacaine hydrochloride. The monohydrate form is commonly used as a local anaesthetic.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid.		2.0810hydrochloride;
racemate		adrenergic antagonist;
amphiphile;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
local anaesthetic
fenofibric acid
fenofibric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. fenofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylpropanoic acid substituted by a 4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug fenofibrate.		3.2310aromatic ketone;
chlorobenzophenone;
monocarboxylic acid		drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
n-methylnicotinamide
N-methylnicotinamide: structure. N-methylnicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group.		2.6930pyridinecarboxamidemetabolite
1,5-anhydroglucitol
1,5-anhydroglucitol: structure. 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol : An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol.		2.0510anhydro sugarhuman metabolite
thiazolyl blue
thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.		2.0410organic bromide saltcolorimetric reagent;
dye
betulinic acid
[no description available]		2.0510hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-HIV agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
plant metabolite
baicalin
[no description available]		7.5720dihydroxyflavone;
glucosiduronic acid;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monosaccharide derivative		antiatherosclerotic agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant metabolite;
prodrug
plerixafor
plerixafor: a bicyclam derivate, highly potent & selective inhibitor of HIV-1 & HIV-2. plerixafor : An azamacrocycle consisting of two cyclam rings connected by a 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene) linker. It is a CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist and a hematopoietic stem cell mobilizer. It is used in combination with grulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells to the perpheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma.		3.6120azacycloalkane;
azamacrocycle;
benzenes;
crown amine;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 antagonist;
immunological adjuvant
amprenavir
[no description available]		3.8730carbamate ester;
sulfonamide;
tetrahydrofuryl ester		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
oseltamivir
Oseltamivir: An acetamido cyclohexene that is a structural homolog of SIALIC ACID and inhibits NEURAMINIDASE.. oseltamivir : A cyclohexenecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of oseltamivir acid. An antiviral prodrug (it is hydrolysed to the active free carboxylic acid in the liver), it is used to slow the spread of influenza.		4.350acetamides;
amino acid ester;
cyclohexenecarboxylate ester;
primary amino compound		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
diminazene aceturate
[no description available]		2.0510
epigallocatechin gallate
epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.		5.5321flavans;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol
dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol : A phosphatidylglycerol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both palmitoyl.		2.3110phosphatidylglycerol
dobutamine hydrochloride
dobutamine hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of dobutamine. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.		2.4620hydrochloridebeta-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
ticlopidine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0810hydrochloride
epirubicin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0810
glutathione disulfide
Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.		2.0510glutathione derivative;
organic disulfide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
4-amino-4'-hydroxylaminodiphenylsulfone
4-amino-4'-hydroxylaminodiphenylsulfone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd		3.3110sulfonic acid derivative
fenclofenac
fenclofenac: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0710aromatic ether
betamethasone sodium phosphate
betamethasone sodium phosphate: phosphate ester of betamethasone; RN given refers to the di-Na salt (11beta,16beta)-isomer; structure in Negwer,5th ed, 4975. betamethasone sodium phosphate : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of betamethasone phosphate.		2.0510organic sodium salt;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
iopamidol
Iopamidol: A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.. iopamidol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-substituted carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and a (2S)-2-hydroxypropanamido group at the 5-position.		2.9640benzenedicarboxamide;
organoiodine compound;
pentol		environmental contaminant;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
proxicromil
proxicromil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0710
sulconazole, mononitrate, (+-)-isomer
[no description available]		2.4620conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
organic nitrate salt
histamine phosphate
histamine phosphate : A phosphate salt that is the diphosphate salt of histamine.		3.2310phosphate salthistamine agonist
cephalosporin c
cephalosporin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #1937. cephalosporin C : A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7.		14.2610516cephalosporinfungal metabolite
imipramine n-oxide
imipramine N-oxide: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410dibenzooxazepine
tilbroquinol
[no description available]		3.2310organohalogen compound;
quinolines
bendamustine
[no description available]		4.4230benzimidazoles
erdosteine
[no description available]		2.0510N-acyl-amino acid
droxicam
droxicam: structure given in first source. droxicam : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2H,5H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-c][1,2]benzothiazine-2,4(3H)-dione 6,6-dioxide substituted at positions 3 and 5 by pyridin-2-yl and methyl groups respectively. A prodrug of piroxicam, it is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.		3.2310organic heterotricyclic compound;
pyridines		cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prodrug
terizidone
terizidone: minor descriptor (1975-1984); on-line & Index Medicus search OXAZOLES (1975-1984); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.5220
ceftezole
ceftezole: RN given refers to (6R-(trans))-isomer; structure. ceftezole : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having (1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)methyl and [2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)acetamido side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively.		2.0410cephalosporin;
thiadiazoles
flomoxef
flomoxef: structure given in first source; RN given refers to sodium salt. flomoxef : A second-generation oxacephem antibiotic in which the oxazine ring is substituted at C-3 with a hydroxyethyl-substituted tetrazolylthiomethyl group and the azetidinone ring carries 7alpha-methoxy and 7beta-{2-[(difluoromethyl)thiomethyl]acetamido} substituents.		1.9910N-acyl-amino acid;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
oxacephem		antibacterial drug
ebrotidine
ebrotidine: an H2-receptor antagonist and gastric mucosa protector		3.2310sulfonamide
torbafylline
torbafylline: structure given in first source		2.0710
fropenem
[no description available]		4.6761faropenem
mizolastine
[no description available]		2.9540benzimidazoles
dexloxiglumide
dexloxiglumide: a CCK receptor antagonist; structure given in first source		2.7430glutamic acid derivative
terikalant
terikalant: experimental class II antiarrhythmic drug; RN gioven refers to terikalant ((S-(-))-isomer)		2.7230piperidines
pidotimod
pidotimod: RN given refers to compound with unspecified stereochemistry		3.5311peptide
prulifloxacin
prulifloxacin: structure given in first source		6.61144fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic
intoplicine
intoplicine: structure in first source		2.4520pyridoindole
pazufloxacin
[no description available]		3.79100quinolines
balofloxacin
balofloxacin: showed potent bactericidal activity & inhibited the supercoiling activity of DNA gyrase of S. aureus, E. coli, & P aeruginosa; structure given in first source		7.7630
repaglinide
[no description available]		5.0570piperidines
e-4868
E-4868: has activity against gram-negative & some gram-positive bacteria; structure given in first source		1.9810
telmisartan
Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.		5.38100benzimidazoles;
biphenyls;
carboxybiphenyl		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
hexestrol bis(diethylaminoethyl ether)
hexestrol bis(diethylaminoethyl ether): minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search HEXESTROL/AA (75-84); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.4520stilbenoid
dexfenfluramine
Dexfenfluramine: The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.. (S)-fenfluramine : The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects.		2.9540fenfluramineappetite depressant;
serotonergic agonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
2-methoxyestradiol
2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2.		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
acediasulfone
acediasulfone: antibacterial drug for treatment of ear infections; structure in first source		3.3110alpha-amino acid
synthalin a
synthalin A: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. synthalin : A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of decamethylenediguanidine with 2 mol eq. of hydrogen chloride.. synthalin A : A member of the class of guanidines that is decane having guanidino groups at the 1- and 10-positions.		2.0510guanidineshepatotoxic agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
nephrotoxin
ethinyl estradiol-17-sulfate
ethinyl estradiol-17-sulfate: RN given refers to the (17alpha)-isomer		2.0410
thiamorpholine
thiamorpholine: RN given refers to parent cpd. thiomorpholine : A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is an analogue of morpholine where the oxygen atom is replaced by sulfur.		2.110saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent;
thiomorpholines
1,7-phenanthroline
[no description available]		2.0610phenanthroline
triazoles
Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.		7.93721,2,3-triazole
1,8-diaminonaphthalene
1,8-diaminonaphthalene: structure in first source		2.0510
isocoumarins
Isocoumarins: Compounds that differ from COUMARINS in having the positions of the ring and ketone oxygens reversed so the keto oxygen is at the 1-position of the molecule.. isocoumarin : The simplest member of the class of isocoumarins that is 1H-isochromene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 1.		2.4920isocoumarins
1,4-diazepane
1,4-diazepane: structure in first source		2.2510
trimethobenzamide monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620
amiloride hydrochloride
amiloride hydrochloride dihydrate : A hydrate that is the dihydrate of amiloride hydrochloride.		2.4620hydratediuretic;
sodium channel blocker
miconazole nitrate
miconazole nitrate : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole nitrate. An antifungal used for the treatment of athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.		2.0810
disobutamide
[no description available]		2.4520acetamides
ethinylestradiol-3-sulfate
ethinylestradiol-3-sulfate: binds to albumin at 2 sites		2.041017beta-hydroxy steroid;
steroid sulfate		antineoplastic agent;
estrogen
econazole nitrate
econazole nitrate : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole nitrate. Used to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.		2.4620
medetomidine
Medetomidine: An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.		2.0510imidazoles
fluorodeoxyglucose f18
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18: The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)		2.03102-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose;
2-deoxy-2-fluoro-aldehydo-D-glucose
sertraline
Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.		5.02120dichlorobenzene;
secondary amino compound;
tetralins		antidepressant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
lomefloxacin hydrochloride
lomefloxacin hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of lomefloxacin. It is administered by mouth to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used topically as eye drops for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis, and as ear drops for the treatment of otitis externa and otitis media.		2.4620hydrochlorideantimicrobial agent;
antitubercular agent;
photosensitizing agent
picosulfate sodium
picosulfate sodium: contains two active ingredients, sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate, which are both laxatives; structure		2.0510aryl sulfate;
pyridines
cefcanel
cefcanel: RN given refers to (6R-(6 alpha,7 beta(R*)))-isomer; structure		2.4520
arbekacin
arbekacin: structure given in first source. arbekacin : A kanamycin that is kanamycin B bearing an N-(2S)-4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group on the aminocyclitol ring.		2.7330aminoglycoside;
kanamycins		antibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
zoledronic acid
Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position.		4.08401,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
imidazoles		bone density conservation agent
epristeride
epristeride: structure given in first source		2.7430steroid acid
brodimoprim
brodimoprim: inhibits dihydrofolate reductase. brodimoprim : An aminopyrimidine that is 2,4-diaminopyrimidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a 4-bromo-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl group.		3.3110aminopyrimidine;
bromobenzenes;
methoxybenzenes		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
talinolol
[no description available]		2.9840ureas
artemisinin
(+)-artemisinin : A sesquiterpene lactone obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua, which is used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.		3.6120organic peroxide;
sesquiterpene lactone		antimalarial;
plant metabolite
brinzolamide
brinzolamide: an antiglaucoma agent		2.0810sulfonamide;
thienothiazine		antiglaucoma drug;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
dienogest
[no description available]		2.051017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
aliphatic nitrile;
steroid hormone		progesterone receptor agonist;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
flunoxaprofen
flunoxaprofen: structure given in first source. flunoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group (the S-enantiomer). Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, the clinical use of flunoxaprofen was discontinued due to possible hepatotoxic side-effects.		2.46201,3-benzoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound		antirheumatic drug;
hepatotoxic agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
protein kinase C agonist
tianeptine
tianeptine: structure given in first source. tianeptine : A racemate comprising of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tianeptine. It is an atypical antidepressant used in Europe to treat patients who respond poorly to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).. 7-[(3-chloro-6-methyl-5,5-dioxido-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[c,f][1,2]thiazepin-11-yl)amino]heptanoic acid : A member of the class of dibenzothiazepines that is 3-chloro-6-methyl-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[c,f][1,2]thiazepine 5,5-dioxide substituted by a (6-carboxyhexyl)amino group at position 11.. (S)-tianeptine : The S-enantiomer of tianeptine.		2.4620dibenzothiazepine;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound
drospirenone
drospirenone: a progestational compound with antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activity; structure given in first source		2.46203-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
steroid lactone		aldosterone antagonist;
contraceptive drug;
progestin
artemether
Artemether: An artemisinin derivative that is used in the treatment of MALARIA.. artemether : An artemisinin derivative that is artemisinin in which the lactone has been converted to the corresponding lactol methyl ether. It is used in combination with lumefantrine as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.		2.0810artemisinin derivative;
cyclic acetal;
organic peroxide;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid		antimalarial
epiroprim
epiroprim: an analog of trimethoprim with improved antimicrobial and pharmacokinetic properties; structure given in first source		3.3110
fenflumizole
fenflumizole: structure in first source		2.0310
glycyl-glycyl-glycyl-glycine
[no description available]		2.110
fructose-6-phosphate
fructose-6-phosphate: RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. fructose 6-phosphate : A ketohexose monophosphate consisting of fructose having a phosphate group located at the 6-position.		2.1310D-fructose 6-phosphate
morphazinamide
morphazinamide: RN given refers to parent cpd; RN in Chemline for mono-HCL: 1473-73-0; structure in Merck Index		2.0510morpholines;
pyrazines;
secondary carboxamide
dansylglycine
[no description available]		210
dipropylacetamide
dipropylacetamide: structure. valpromide : A fatty amide derived from valproic acid.		2.0410fatty amidegeroprotector;
metabolite;
teratogenic agent
denaverine
denaverine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410diarylmethane
acamprosate
Acamprosate: Structural analog of taurine that is used for the prevention of relapse in individuals with ALCOHOLISM.. acamprosate : An organosulfonic acid that is propane-1-sulfonic acid substituted by an acetylamino group at position 3.		3.2310acetamides;
organosulfonic acid		environmental contaminant;
neurotransmitter agent;
xenobiotic
isaxonine
isaxonine: promotes nerve growth		3.2310aminopyrimidine
enrofloxacin
Enrofloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial and antimycoplasma agent that is used in veterinary practice.. enrofloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 7. It is a veterinary antibacterial agent used for the treatment of pets.		4.49210cyclopropanes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent
diprafenone
diprafenone: structure given in first source		2.4520aromatic compound
erythromycin propionate
erythromycin propionate: form in which erythromycin estolate is principally absorbed		2.0210erythromycin derivative
nebivolol
2,2'-iminobis[1-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)ethanol] : A member of the class of chromanes that is 2,2'-iminodiethanol in which one hydrogen attached to each hydroxy-bearing carbon is replaced by a 6-fluorochroman-2-yl group.		3.8730chromanes;
diol;
organofluorine compound;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
uk 68798
[no description available]		4.85100aromatic ether;
sulfonamide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
potassium channel blocker
danofloxacin
[no description available]		3.3460quinolines
ljc 10627
biapenem: structure given in first source. biapenem : A carbapenem antibiotic in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and pyrazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazolium-6-ylthio substituents respectively.		2.9440carbapenems;
organic sulfide;
pyrazolotriazole		antibacterial drug
hp 873
iloperidone: an atypical, negative symptom antipsychotic agent. iloperidone : A member of the class of piperidines that is the 4-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl ether of 3-(piperidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol which is substituted at position 4 of the piperidine ring by a 6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl group. A member of the group of second generation antipsychotics (also known as an atypical antipsychotics), it is used for the treatment of schizophrenia.		3.61201,2-benzoxazoles;
aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
methyl ketone;
monoamine;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		dopaminergic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
dexrazoxane
Dexrazoxane: The (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane.		4.2550razoxaneantineoplastic agent;
cardiovascular drug;
chelator;
immunosuppressive agent
loxapine succinate
[no description available]		2.0810succinate saltgeroprotector
tocophersolan
tocophersolan: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0610tocol
loperamide hydrochloride
loperamide hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining loperamide with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Used for treatment of diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.		2.4620hydrochlorideanticoronaviral agent;
antidiarrhoeal drug;
mu-opioid receptor agonist
sanfetrinem
sanfetrinem: orally absorbed hexetil ester of GV-104326		2.0510
premafloxacin
[no description available]		2.0310quinolines
fenoxypropazine
[no description available]		3.2310aromatic ether
antebate
betamethasone butyrate propionate: a topical corticosteroid		2.0210corticosteroid hormone
voriconazole
Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.		6.34100conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
pyrimidines;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		P450 inhibitor
betamipron
[no description available]		2.4620organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
mepindolol
mepindolol: 2-methyl deriv of pindolol; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0710indoles
fpl 52791
FPL 52791: also has anti-allergic properties; related to sodium cromoglycate; structure		2.0710
bufuralol
bufuralol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		2.7430benzofurans
carazolol
carazolol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure		2.110carbazoles
uroxatral
[no description available]		2.0810hydrochloride
aceclofenac
[no description available]		3.6120amino acid;
carboxylic ester;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clociguanil
clociguanil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.4520
nitrefazole
[no description available]		3.2310imidazoles
epanolol
epanolol: structure given in first source		2.0710acetamides
panipenem
panipenem: synthetic cpd; structure given in first source		3.2860organic molecular entity
perindoprilat
perindoprilat : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of N-[(1S)-1-carboxyethyl]-L-norvaline with the amino group of (2S,3aS,7aS)-octahydroindole-2-carboxylic acid. The major active metabolite of perindopril.		2.0410dicarboxylic acid;
dipeptide;
L-alanine derivative;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antihypertensive agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
cyclobutyrol
cyclobutyrol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. cyclobutyrol : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid in which the hydroxy group is geminal to a 1-carboxypropyl group on a cyclohexane ring.		2.0510hydroxy monocarboxylic acidbile therapy drug
thiocolchicoside
[no description available]		2.0810glycoside
prednisolone phosphate
prednisolone phosphate: RN given refers to (11 beta)-isomer. prednisolone phosphate : A synthetic glucocorticoid resulting from the formal condensation of the 21-hydroxy group of prednisolone with one of the hydroxy groups of phosphoric acid. It is a prodrug for prednisolone that is activated in vivo by phosphatases.		2.031011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
steroid phosphate;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
glucocorticoid receptor agonist;
prodrug
terlipressin
terlivaz: first FDA approved injection to improve kidney function in adults with hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) with rapid reduction in kidney function.		2.0510polypeptide
(S)-flurbiprofen
[no description available]		2.0310flurbiprofen
ubenimex
ubenimex: growth inhibitor		3.1510
7-hydroxystaurosporine
[no description available]		2.0410
epicatechin
(-)-epicatechin : A catechin with (2R,3R)-configuration.		2.0710catechin;
polyphenol		antioxidant
methotrimeprazine
Methotrimeprazine: A phenothiazine with pharmacological activity similar to that of both CHLORPROMAZINE and PROMETHAZINE. It has the histamine-antagonist properties of the antihistamines together with CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM effects resembling those of chlorpromazine. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methotrimeprazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a (2R)-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group and a methoxy group at positions 10 and 2 respectively.		2.9840phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
cholinergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
isoflavone
[no description available]		2.0510isoflavones
clevudine
[no description available]		2.0510
lividomycin
[no description available]		2.0410lividomycinsmetabolite
gentamicin c1
[no description available]		2.7830
gentamicin c1a
[no description available]		5.0860gentamycin C
9-aminocamptothecin
[no description available]		2.0410pyranoindolizinoquinoline
sch 34343
Sch 34343: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (5R-(5alpha,6alpha))-isomer		2.4520
grepafloxacin
grepafloxacin: structure in first source		8.23350fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolines;
quinolone antibiotic
oleandomycin
[no description available]		2.4620oleandomycins
squalamine
squalamine: from dogfish shark Squalus acanthias; structure given in first source		2.0410bile acid
2-(4'-methylpiperazino-1-methyl)-1,3-diazafluoranthene 1-oxide
2-(4'-methylpiperazino-1-methyl)-1,3-diazafluoranthene 1-oxide: structure		2.4520
tetrandrine
tetrandrine: a bisbenzylisoquinoline that exhibits antifibrogenic activity		2.0510bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines
doripenem
Doripenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of infections such as HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA, and complicated intra-abdominal or urinary-tract infections, including PYELONEPHRITIS.		11.5284carbapenems
oxazolidin-2-one
Oxazolidinones: Derivatives of oxazolidin-2-one. They represent an important class of synthetic antibiotic agents.. oxazolidin-2-one : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine with an oxo substituent at position 2.. oxazolidinone : An oxazolidine containing one or more oxo groups.		8.18301carbamate ester;
oxazolidinone		metabolite
ceric oxide
ceric oxide: RN given refers to cpd with MF CeO2. ceric oxide : A metal oxide with formula CeO2. It is used for polishing glass, in coatings for infra-red filters to prevent reflection, and as an oxidant and catalyst in organic synthesis.		2.1710cerium molecular entity;
metal oxide
2-naphthylisothiocyanate
[no description available]		2.4620
2-(salicylideneamino)phenol
2-(salicylideneamino)phenol: structure given in first source		3.3110
4-nitro-4'-aminodiphenyl sulfone
4-nitro-4'-aminodiphenyl sulfone: dapsone metabolite; structure given in first source		3.3110
atovaquone
Atovaquone: A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.. atovaquone : A naphthoquinone compound having a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl group at the 2-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.		4.460hydroxy-1,2-naphthoquinone
phenylalanyl-phenylalanyl-phenylalanine
phenylalanyl-phenylalanyl-phenylalanine: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer		2.110oligopeptide
3-(4-methoxybenzoyl)propionic acid
3-(4-methoxybenzoyl)propionic acid: a selectin inhibitor		2.110
dimethylaminopropanol
dimethylaminopropanol: dimethylamine precursor		2.110
1-benzylimidazole
1-benzylimidazole: inhibits human thromboxane synthetase		2.0510
rivastigmine
[no description available]		4.0840carbamate ester;
tertiary amino compound		cholinergic drug;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
frovatriptan
[no description available]		4.0840carbazoles
eletriptan
eletriptan: 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist; structure in first source. eletriptan : An N-alkylpyrrolidine, that is N-methylpyrrolidine in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a {5-[2-(phenylsulfonyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}methyl group.		3.8530indoles;
N-alkylpyrrolidine;
sulfone		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
rosiglitazone
[no description available]		5.03120aminopyridine;
thiazolidinediones		EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
insulin-sensitizing drug
tamiflu
[no description available]		2.0810phosphate salt
2-amino-5-bromobenzoic acid
2-amino-5-bromobenzoic acid: structure in first source		2.0510
bexarotene
[no description available]		3.6120benzoic acids;
naphthalenes;
retinoid		antineoplastic agent
s20098
[no description available]		2.0810acetamides
flunisolide
flunisolide: flunisolide HFA is a formulation of flunisolide using hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) as propellant in place of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) ones		2.964011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug;
immunosuppressive agent
4-phenylbutylamine
4-phenylbutylamine: used as a drug partition into lipid bilayers in a cubic liquid-crystalline phase. 4-phenylbutylamine : A phenylalkylamine that is benzene in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a 4-aminobutyl group.		2.110benzenes;
phenylalkylamine;
primary amino compound
chloroquine diphosphate
[no description available]		2.4620
orphenadrine citrate
orphenadrine citrate : A citrate salt which comprises equimolar amounts of orphenadrine and citric acid.		2.4620citrate saltH1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
parasympatholytic
ketorolac tromethamine
Ketorolac Tromethamine: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used for analgesia for postoperative pain and inhibits cyclooxygenase activity.. ketorolac tromethamine : An organoammonium salt resulting from the mixture of equimolar amounts of ketorolac and tromethamine (tris). It has potent non-sedating analgesic and moderate anti-inflammatory effects. It is used in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.		2.7630organoammonium saltanalgesic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
14-hydroxyclarithromycin
14-hydroxyclarithromycin: major metabolite of A 56268; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		1.9910aminoglycoside
clarithromycin
Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.		20.9735560macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
protein synthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic
manganese sulfide
manganese sulfide: colloidal MnS used as NMR contrast material; RN given refers to cpd with MF MnS		2.610
glycinexylidide
glycinexylidide: dealkylated metabolite of lidocaine; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd with dimethylphenyl moiety in positions 2,6. glycinexylidide : A amino acid amide with 2,6-dimethylaniline and glycine components; an active metabolite of lidocaine, formed by oxidative deethylation. Used as an indicator of hepatic function.		2.110amino acid amidedrug metabolite
Trp-Trp
tryptophyltryptophan: an antigelation agent. Trp-Trp : A dipeptide formed from two L-tryptophan residues.		2.110dipeptideMycoplasma genitalium metabolite
kampirone
1-(2-pyrimidinyl)piperazine: metabolite of buspirone; structure given in first source		2.110N-arylpiperazine
nicotine
(S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.		4.051403-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridineanxiolytic drug;
biomarker;
immunomodulator;
mitogen;
neurotoxin;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
phytogenic insecticide;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent;
xenobiotic
n-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide
N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide: nephrotoxic; post-treatment enhanced induction of renal cell tumors in rats by dimethylnitrosamine, pre-treatment inhibited induction of tumors, & alone caused interstitial nephritis but no tumors		2.4620pyrrolidines
moexipril
[no description available]		4.0640peptide
phentolamine mesylate
[no description available]		2.4620
sennoside B
sennoside B : A member of the class of sennosides that is (9R,9'S)-9,9',10,10'-tetrahydro-9,9'-bianthracene-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 4', by beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy groups at positions 5 and 5', and by oxo groups at positions 10 and 10'.		2.0410oxo dicarboxylic acid;
sennosides
goethite
[no description available]		2.8430
oxybutynin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620hydrochloride
1-cyano-2-hydroxy-3-butene
[no description available]		2.0510secondary alcohol
gliquidone
gliquidone: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.4720isoquinolines
cordium
bepridil hydrochloride monohydrate : The hydrochloride monohydrate of bepridril.		2.4620hydrate;
hydrochloride
lekoptin
(S)-verapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has S configuration.		2.03102-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile
tarenflurbil
tarenflurbil: R-enantiomer of flurbiprofen but not a COX inhibitor; modulates NF-kB, gamma-secretase, amyloid beta-protein;		2.0310flurbiprofen
zofenopril
zofenopril: structure given in first source; SQ 26900 refers to K salt & SQ 26991 to Ca salt. zofenopril : A proline derivative that is 4-(phenylsulfanyl)-L-proline in which the amine proton is replaced by a (2S)-3-(benzoylsulfanyl)-2-methylpropanoyl group. A prodrug for zofenoprilat.		3.1510aryl sulfide;
L-proline derivative;
N-acyl-L-amino acid;
thioester		anticonvulsant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug;
vasodilator agent
mci 9038
[no description available]		3.5820peptide
lopinavir
[no description available]		4.3150amphetamines;
dicarboxylic acid diamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
isopelletierine
isopelletierine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; synonym pelletierine refers to (-)-isomer		2.110citraconoyl group
glycidyl nitrate
glycidyl nitrate: a nitric oxide donor; structure in first source. peptidoglycan : A peptidoglycosaminoglycan formed by alternating residues of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid {2-amino-3-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxy-D-glucose} residues. Attached to the carboxy group of the muramic acid is a peptide chain of three to five amino acids.		2.7620
glycylsarcosine
glycylsarcosine : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of glycine with the amino group of sarcosine.		3.5520dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide
fenpropimorph
[no description available]		2.110alkylbenzene
levcromakalim
[no description available]		2.07101-benzopyran
dimethacrine
dimethacrine: minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search ACRIDINES (75-84); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.0410acridines
1-(2-pyridinyl)piperazine
1-(2-pyridinyl)piperazine: metabolite of buspirone & gepirone		2.110
glucuronic acid
Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form.		2.7530D-glucuronic acidalgal metabolite
2-chloromandelic acid
2-chloromandelic acid: structure in first source		2.0510
diosgenin
[no description available]		2.31103beta-sterol;
hexacyclic triterpenoid;
sapogenin;
spiroketal		antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
metabolite
moxifloxacin hydrochloride
moxifloxacin hydrochloride : A hydrochloride comprising equimolar amounts of moxifloxacin and hydrogen chloride.		2.0810hydrochlorideantibacterial drug
hexylcaine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0710
phenylalanine-beta-naphthylamide
phenylalanine-beta-naphthylamide: RN given for (S)-isomer. L-phenylalanine 2-naphthylamide : An L-phenylalanine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-phenylalanine with the amino group of 2-naphthylamine.		2.0310amino acid amide;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
N-(2-naphthyl)carboxamide		chromogenic compound
2-amino-4-phenylbutyric acid
2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid: structure in first source		2.0110
cobalt
Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27.		7.920cobalt group element atom;
metal allergen		micronutrient
fulvestrant
Fulvestrant: An estradiol derivative and estrogen receptor antagonist that is used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.. fulvestrant : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the 7alpha hydrogen has been replaced by a nonyl group in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl has been replaced by a (4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfinyl group. An estrogen receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of breast cancer.		3.612017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		antineoplastic agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist
mizoribine
[no description available]		2.0810imidazolesanticoronaviral agent
eudragit rl
[no description available]		7.1310
vitamin b 6
Vitamin B 6: VITAMIN B 6 refers to several PICOLINES (especially PYRIDOXINE; PYRIDOXAL; & PYRIDOXAMINE) that are efficiently converted by the body to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, and aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into PYRIDOXAMINE phosphate. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990). Most of vitamin B6 is eventually degraded to PYRIDOXIC ACID and excreted in the urine.		2.1710
imipenem, anhydrous
Imipenem: Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.. imipenem : A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup.		13.551223beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
carbapenems;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug
sr141716
[no description available]		2.7630amidopiperidine;
carbohydrazide;
dichlorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrazoles		anti-obesity agent;
appetite depressant;
CB1 receptor antagonist
bosentan anhydrous
Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.		4.7790primary alcohol;
pyrimidines;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
eudragit rs
Eudragit RS: copolymer of acrylic & methacrylic acid esters & quaternary ammonium groups; used for microcapsules		2.1310
fpl 55712
FPL 55712: inhibitor of SRS-A and LTC4 and LTD4 receptors		2.0710aromatic ketone
selenomethionine
[no description available]		2.0510amino acid zwitterion;
selenomethionine		plant metabolite
l-lactic acid
(S)-lactic acid : An optically active form of lactic acid having (S)-configuration.		2.110(2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
2-hydroxypropanoic acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
sivelestat
sivelestat: inhibitor of neutrophil elastase; structure given in first source		2.0710N-acylglycine;
pivalate ester
racecadotril
racecadotril: parenterally active enkephalinase inhibitor		2.0810N-acyl-amino acid
n-(2'-(dimethylamino)ethyl)acridine-4-carboxamide
[no description available]		3.4110
perindopril
Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline		3.8630alpha-amino acid ester;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
asulacrine
asulacrine: derivative of amsacrine; structure given in first source		2.0410acridines
hydroxycotinine
hydroxycotinine: metabolite of nicotine; RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure. trans-3-hydroxycotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is cotinine substituted at position C-3 by a hydroxy group (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).		2.0410N-alkylpyrrolidine;
pyridines;
pyrrolidin-2-ones;
pyrrolidine alkaloid
fingolimod
fingolimod : An aminodiol that consists of propane-1,3-diol having amino and 2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl substituents at the 2-position. It is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. A prodrug, fingolimod is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase to active metabolite fingolimod-phosphate, a structural analogue of sphingosine 1-phosphate.		2.0510aminodiol;
primary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
CB1 receptor antagonist;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug;
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist
quinaprilat
quinaprilat: metabolite of quinapril. quinaprilat : A dicarboxylic acid resulting from the hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group of quinapril to give the corresponding dicarboxylic acid. The active angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) of the prodrug quinapril.		2.7430dicarboxylic acid;
isoquinolines;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
2-hydroxyimipramine
2-hydroxyimipramine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.4520dibenzoazepine
ecteinascidin 743
[no description available]		2.4520acetate ester;
azaspiro compound;
bridged compound;
hemiaminal;
isoquinoline alkaloid;
lactone;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
organic sulfide;
oxaspiro compound;
polyphenol;
tertiary amino compound		alkylating agent;
angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
marine metabolite
tadalafil
[no description available]		3.6120benzodioxoles;
pyrazinopyridoindole		EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
5-hydroxydopamine
5-hydroxydopamine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.4520catecholamine
ibuprofen, (r)-isomer
[no description available]		2.4620ibuprofen
2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine
2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine: cyclic methadone metabolite; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0210
amdinocillin pivoxil
Amdinocillin Pivoxil: Pivaloyloxymethyl ester of amdinocillin that is well absorbed orally, but broken down to amdinocillin in the intestinal mucosa. It is active against gram-negative organisms and used as for amdinocillin.. pivmecillinam : A penicillanic acid ester that is the [(2,2-dimethylpropanoyl)oxy]methyl ester and prodrug of mecillinam.		4.5211penicillanic acid ester;
penicillin;
pivaloyloxymethyl ester		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
prodrug
paliperidone
3-{2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.. paliperidone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-paliperidone. Paliperidone is the primary active metabolite of the older antipsychotic risperidone and is used for treatment of schizophrenia.		3.23101,2-benzoxazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridopyrimidine;
secondary alcohol
nitisinone
[no description available]		3.5920(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
cyclohexanones;
mesotrione		EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
plavix
[no description available]		2.0810azaheterocycle sulfate salt;
organoammonium sulfate salt		anticoagulant;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
marimastat
marimastat: a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor active in patients with advanced carcinoma of the pancreas, prostate, or ovary. marimastat : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the foraml condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the alpha-amino group of N,3-dimethyl-L-valinamide.		2.0510hydroxamic acid;
secondary carboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
clofarabine
[no description available]		3.8730adenosines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
dioscin
[no description available]		2.3110hexacyclic triterpenoid;
spiroketal;
spirostanyl glycoside;
trisaccharide derivative		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite
ginsenoside rh2
ginsenoside Rh2: from leaves of Panax ginseng C; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh2 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.311012beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bone density conservation agent;
cardioprotective agent;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
iodofiltic acid
iodofiltic acid: labeled with 123 I for myocardial imaging; RN given refers to unlabeled, non-isomeric cpd		2.0310
cp 115953
CP 115953: enhances topoisomerase II-mediated DNA cleavage; structure given in first source		2.0510
bay y3118
Bay Y3118: structure given in first source		2.3920
pramipexole
Pramipexole: A benzothiazole derivative and dopamine agonist with antioxidant properties that is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. pramipexole : A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazole in which the hydrogens at the 2 and 6-pro-S-positions are substituted by amino and propylamino groups, respectively.		4.5940benzothiazoles;
diamine		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
radical scavenger
deramciclane
deramciclane: structure in first source; RN refers to (exo-EGYT 3886)-isomer		2.110
valdecoxib
[no description available]		3.6120isoxazoles;
sulfonamide		antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mitiglinide
mitiglinide: a rapid and short-acting hypoglycemic agent; acts on sulfonylurea receptor closing KATP channels; considered one of the glinides-an imprecise grouping; structure given in first source		2.0510benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid
fpl-52694
FPL-52694: mast cell stabilizer; RN given refers to parent cpd; FPL-52694 is mono-Na salt; structure given in first source		2.0710
mebikar
mebikar: structure		2.0710imidazolidinone
decanoyl acetaldehyde
decanoyl acetaldehyde: structure		2.0510fatty aldehyde
imatinib mesylate
imatinib methanesulfonate : A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt that is the monomesylate salt of imatinib. Used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumours.		2.0510methanesulfonate saltanticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
almotriptan
almotriptan : An indole compound having a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group at the 3-position and a (pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)methyl group at the 5-position.		4.0740indoles;
sulfonamide;
tertiary amine		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
tecastemizole
[no description available]		2.4320
mk 0663
[no description available]		2.4620bipyridines;
organochlorine compound;
sulfone		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tazobactam
Tazobactam: A penicillanic acid and sulfone derivative and potent BETA-LACTAMASE inhibitor that enhances the activity of other anti-bacterial agents against beta-lactamase producing bacteria.. tazobactam : A member of the class of penicillanic acids that is sulbactam in which one of the exocyclic methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1,2,3-triazol-1-yl group; used (in the form of its sodium salt) in combination with ceftolozane sulfate for treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections and complicated urinary tract infections.		11.35217penicillanic acids;
triazoles		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
gefitinib
[no description available]		4.4160aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
morpholines;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine
N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine: structure given in first source; a selective A(3) adenosine receptor agonist. 3-iodobenzyl-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and one of the hydrogens of the exocyclic amino function is substituted by a 3-iodobenzyl group.		2.0510adenosines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organoiodine compound		adenosine A3 receptor agonist
ramatroban
[no description available]		2.0710organic molecular entity
polymyxin b nonapeptide
[no description available]		2.5420
desloratadine
desloratadine: major metabolite of loratadine. desloratadine : Loratadine in which the ethoxycarbonyl group attached to the piperidine ring is replaced by hydrogen. The major metabolite of loratidine, desloratadine is an antihistamine which is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and chronic urticaria. It does not readily enter the central nervous system, so does not cause drowsiness.		3.6120benzocycloheptapyridineanti-allergic agent;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug metabolite;
H1-receptor antagonist
garenoxacin
garenoxacin: a des-fluoro(6) quinolone with antibacterial activity. garenoxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a cyclopropyl group at position 1, an oxo group at position 4, a (1R)-1-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-5-yl group at position 7, and a difluoromethoxy group at position 8.		8.36361aromatic ether;
cyclopropanes;
isoindoles;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ulifloxacin
ulifloxacin: structure given in first source		3.470quinolines
desvenlafaxine
O-desmethylvenlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl group. It is a metabolite of the drug venlafaxine.		3.2310cyclohexanols;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant;
drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
6,6'-dicorynomycolyl trehalose
[no description available]		2.1110
baumycins
baumycins: members of the daunomycin group from Streptomyces; RN given refers to baumycin A1; structure		3.2310
e 4695
E 4695: structure given in first source		1.9810
methotrexate
[no description available]		13.13231dicarboxylic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pteridines		abortifacient;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
xaliproden
xaliproden : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine which is substituted on the nitrogen by a 2-(2-naphthyl)ethyl group and at position 4 by a m-trifluoromethylphenyl group.		2.0710(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
naphthalenes;
tertiary amino compound;
tetrahydropyridine		serotonergic agonist
tamsulosin
[no description available]		11.51725-(2-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamidealpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
rufinamide
rufinamide: for treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome; structure in first source		3.2310aromatic amide;
heteroarene
tetracenomycin x
tetracenomycin X: from Nocardia mediterranea; structure given in first source		2.1110
antiprimod
azaspirane: structure given in first source		2.0510
n-isobutyrylcysteine
N-isobutyrylcysteine: RN given refers to L-isomer		2.0710
sulbactam
[no description available]		11.71161penicillanic acids
olmesartan medoxomil
Olmesartan Medoxomil: An ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to manage HYPERTENSION.		3.8730biphenyls
dexpanthenol
dexpanthenol: The alcohol of pantothenic acid		3.620amino alcohol;
monocarboxylic acid amide		cholinergic drug;
provitamin
fosamprenavir
fosamprenavir: a prodrug of the protease inhibitor amprenavir. fosamprenavir : A sulfonamide with a structure based on that of sulfanilamide substituted on the sulfonamide nitrogen by a (2R,3S)-4-phenyl-2-(phosphonooxy)-3-({[(3S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy]carbonyl}amino)butyl group. It is a pro-drug of the HIV protease inhibitor and antiretroviral drug amprenavir.		3.2310sulfonamideprodrug
quilostigmine
quilostigmine: RN given for (3aS,cis)-isomer; structure in first source		2.0710pyrroloindole
ilomastat
CS 610: matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; structure in first source. ilomastat : An N-acyl-amino acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2R)-2-[2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid with the amino group of N-methyl-L-tryptophanamide. A cell permeable broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor		2.0510hydroxamic acid;
L-tryptophan derivative;
N-acyl-amino acid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.24.24 (gelatinase A) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
y 26611
7-(2-aminomethylmorpholino)-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid: structure given in first source		1.9910
abiraterone
[no description available]		2.08103beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
pyridines		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.99.9 (steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase) inhibitor
imiloxan
[no description available]		2.0710benzodioxine
febuxostat
Febuxostat: A thiazole derivative and inhibitor of XANTHINE OXIDASE that is used for the treatment of HYPERURICEMIA in patients with chronic GOUT.. febuxostat : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid that is 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a 3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl group at position 2. It is an orally-active, potent, and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic hyperuricaemia in patients with gout.		3.61201,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid;
aromatic ether;
nitrile		EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
dilevalol
(R,R)-labetalol : A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1R,2R-configuration.		2.45202-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide
carbapenems
[no description available]		16.44365
aspartame
[no description available]		2.4920carboxylic acid;
dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide;
methyl ester		apoptosis inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
sweetening agent;
xenobiotic
pomalidomide
3-aminophthalimidoglutarimide: structure in first source		7.1310aromatic amine;
dicarboximide;
isoindoles;
piperidones		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
immunomodulator
xylose
xylopyranose: structure in first source		2.0410D-xylose
beta-lactams
2-azetidinone: structure in first source. azetidin-2-one : An unsubstituted beta-lactam compound.. beta-lactam : A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a four-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon.		11.863810beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
beta-lactam
tempol
[no description available]		2.0710aminoxyls;
hydroxypiperidine		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
catalyst;
hepatoprotective agent;
nephroprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
radical scavenger
escitalopram
Escitalopram: S-enantiomer of CITALOPRAM. Belongs to a class of drugs known as SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS, used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder.. escitalopram : A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile that has S-configuration at the chiral centre. It is the active enantiomer of citalopram.		3.57201-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrileantidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
lexapro
Lexapro: Trade name of escitalopram, the active S-enantiomer of the racemic citalopram.		2.0810
10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin
10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin: structure in first source. pralatrexate : A pteridine that is the N-4-[1-(2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)pent-4-yn-2-yl]benzoyl derivative of L-glutamic acid. Used for treatment of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, an aggressive form of non-Hodgkins lymphoma.		3.2310N-acyl-L-glutamic acid;
pteridines;
terminal acetylenic compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
docetaxel
[no description available]		2.9540hydrate;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent
docetaxel anhydrous
Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.		5.2731secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
irofulven
irofulven: structure in first source		2.0410cyclohexenones
atazanavir
atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).		3.5920carbohydrazideantiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
ym 872
YM 872: structure in first source		2.0410
tariquidar
[no description available]		3.1510benzamides
nsc-141549
[no description available]		2.4620
ezetimibe
Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.. ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer).		3.8730azetidines;
beta-lactam;
organofluorine compound		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antimetabolite
ertapenem
Ertapenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections including intra-abdominal infections, acute gynecological infections, complicated urinary tract infections, skin infections, and respiratory tract infections. It is also used to prevent infection in colorectal surgery.. ertapenem : Meropenem in which the one of the two methyl groups attached to the amide nitrogen is replaced by hydrogen while the other is replaced by a 3-carboxyphenyl group. The sodium salt is used for the treatment of moderate to severe susceptible infections including intra-abdominal and acute gynaecological infections, pneumonia, and infections of the skin and of the urinary tract.		12.69469carbapenemcarboxylic acid;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide		antibacterial drug
nepafenac
nepafenac: amide analog of amfenac; structure in first source. nepafenac : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is amfenac in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted into the corresponding carboxamide. It is a prodrug for amfenac, used in eye drops to treat pain and inflammation following cataract surgery.		7.6320monocarboxylic acid amidecyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
dx 8951
[no description available]		2.0410pyranoindolizinoquinoline
cox 189
lumiracoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor. lumiracoxib : An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity.		3.8730amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cilomilast
[no description available]		2.7430methoxybenzenes
conivaptan
conivaptan : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 4-[(biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)amino]benzoic acid with the benzazepine nitrogen of 2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1]benzazepine. It is an antagonist for two of the three types of arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptors, V1a and V2. It is used as its hydrochloride salt for the treatment of hyponatraemia (low blood sodium levels) caused by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).		3.8630benzazepineaquaretic;
vasopressin receptor antagonist
cariporide
cariporide: a selective sodium-hydrogen exchange subtype 1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0510
tezosentan
tezosentan: structure in first source		2.4520
vatalanib
[no description available]		2.0710monochlorobenzenes;
phthalazines;
pyridines;
secondary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
sabarubicin
sabarubicin: structure given in first source		2.0410
moxifloxacin
Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.		19.9444732aromatic ether;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
pyrrolidinopiperidine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug
pralnacasan
pralnacasan: NSAID, ICE inhibitor & metastasis inhibitor; RN & structure in first source		3.2310
clevidipine
clevidipine: a calcium channel blocker and antihypertensive agent; structure in first source		3.8630dihydropyridine
jtt 501
JTT 501: an insulin sensitizer; structure in first source		2.0510
solifenacin
[no description available]		4.0840isoquinolines
dexmethylphenidate
dexmethylphenidate : A methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate in which both stereocentres have R configuration. It is the active enantiomer in the racemic drug methylphenidate.		3.2310methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetateadrenergic agent
hyoscyamine
Hyoscyamine: The 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.. (S)-atropine : An atropine with a 2S-configuration.		2.4820tropane alkaloid
xamoterol
Xamoterol: A phenoxypropanolamine derivative that is a selective beta-1-adrenergic agonist.		2.9740morpholines
desmethylastemizole
desmethylastemizole: astemizole metabolite in dog plasma; structure given in first source		2.4320benzimidazoles
disopyramide, (s)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0310
naproxen
Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.		10.24150methoxynaphthalene;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
cinacalcet
cinacalcet : A secondary amino compound that is (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethanamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propyl group.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
naphthalenes;
secondary amino compound		calcimimetic;
P450 inhibitor
hydroxyl radical
Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.		8.6380oxygen hydride;
oxygen radical;
reactive oxygen species
lactitol
lactitol : A glycosyl alditol consisting of beta-D-galactopyranose and D-glucitol joined by a 1->4 glycosidic bond. It is used as a laxative, as an excipient, and as replacement bulk sweetener in some low-calorie foods.		2.0710glycosyl alditolcathartic;
excipient;
laxative
lubiprostone
[no description available]		3.2310
isradipine, (s)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0310
olmesartan
olmesartan: an active metabolite of CS 866		4.2550biphenylyltetrazoleangiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
telbivudine
[no description available]		3.6120pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideantiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
dialuminum magnesium tetraoxide
spinell: mineral that can be colored to match dentin		2.4110
mdl 74156
hydrodolasetron: active metabolite of dolasetron		2.0410
singlet oxygen
Singlet Oxygen: An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages.		2.1710chalcogen;
monoatomic oxygen;
nonmetal atom		macronutrient
silver phosphate
silver phosphate: for chloride analysis in cystic fibrosis patch test		2.4110
peroxymonosulfate
peroxymonosulfate: oxidizing agent in prevention of tooth discoloration; RN given refers to ion(2-)		3.6160sulfur oxide;
sulfur oxoanion
clofibride
clofibride: structure		2.0410monocarboxylic acid
fenton's reagent
Fenton's reagent: used for oxidizing sugars & alcohols		3.0540
cyc 202
seliciclib : 2,6-Diaminopurine carrying benzylamino, (2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl and isopropyl substituents at C-6, C-2-N and N-9 respectively. It is an experimental drug candidate in the family of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors.		2.05102,6-diaminopurinesantiviral drug;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
fpl 52757
FPL 52757: FPL 52758 is Na salt of FPL 52757; structure in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0710
abanoquil
[no description available]		2.0410
tetraphenylphosphonium chloride
[no description available]		2.5120
tetraphenylphosphonium
tetraphenylphosphonium: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tetraphenylphosphonium : A polyatomic cation consisting of four phenyl groups attached to a central phosphonium.		2.3110heteroorganic entity;
phosphorus molecular entity;
polyatomic cation
paromomycin
Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.		3.8730amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside antibiotic		anthelminthic drug;
antibacterial drug;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug
anidulafungin
Anidulafungin: Echinocandin antifungal agent that is used in the treatment of CANDIDEMIA and CANDIDIASIS.. anidulafungin : A semisynthetic echinocandin anti-fungal drug. It is active against Aspergillus and Candida species and is used for the treatment of invasive candidiasis.		3.5820antibiotic antifungal drug;
azamacrocycle;
echinocandin;
heterodetic cyclic peptide;
semisynthetic derivative
avasimibe
[no description available]		2.0510monoterpenoid
nybomycin
nybomycin: antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces A 717; structure		2.1110
aminopterin
Aminopterin: A folic acid derivative used as a rodenticide that has been shown to be teratogenic.		3.5920dicarboxylic acidEC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
mutagen
17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate
17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: Hydroxyprogesterone derivative that acts as a PROGESTIN and is used to reduce the risk of recurrent MISCARRIAGE and of PREMATURE BIRTH. It is also used in combination with ESTROGEN in the management of MENSTRUATION DISORDERS.		3.2310corticosteroid hormone
varenicline
Varenicline: A benzazepine derivative that functions as an ALPHA4-BETA2 NICOTINIC RECEPTOR partial agonist. It is used for SMOKING CESSATION.. varenicline : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that acts as a partial agonist for nicotinic cholinergic receptors and is used (in the form of its tartate salt) as an aid to giving up smoking.		4.120
biotin
vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.		2.7530biotins;
vitamin B7		coenzyme;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
prosthetic group;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
temocillin
temocillin: beta-lactam antibiotic with unusual spectrum of antibacterial activity & exceptional stability to bacterial beta-lactamases; RN given refers to di-Na salt (2S-(2alpha,5alpha,6alpha))-isomer; structure in first source. temocillin : A penicillin compound having a 6alpha-methoxy and 6beta-[2-carboxy(thiophen-3-yl)acetamido side-groups.		2.2510penicillin
fiduxosin
fiduxosin: fiduxosin (ABT-980) is the (3aR,9bR)-isomer; structure in first source		3.2310
fpl 59257
FPL 59257: abolishes cough response & partly inhibits bronchoconstriction produced by leukotrienes C & D		2.0710
atropine
tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.		4.95110
ropivacaine
Ropivacaine: An anilide used as a long-acting local anesthetic. It has a differential blocking effect on sensory and motor neurons.. ropivacaine : The piperidinecarboxamide obtained by the formal condensation of N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline.. (S)-ropivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide-based amide-type local anaesthetic (amide caine) in which (S)-N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline are combined to form the amide bond.		2.9640piperidinecarboxamide;
ropivacaine		local anaesthetic
erlotinib
[no description available]		4.4430aromatic ether;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
terminal acetylenic compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist;
protein kinase inhibitor
erlotinib hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.1510hydrochloride;
terminal acetylenic compound		antineoplastic agent;
protein kinase inhibitor
zeneca zd 6169
Zeneca ZD 6169: an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener; structure given in first source		2.0710
l 694,458
DMP 777: structure given in first source		2.4520
nickel monoxide
[no description available]		2.1710
ketoprofen
[no description available]		2.0310
melagatran
[no description available]		2.7430azetidines;
carboxamidine;
dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
secondary amino compound		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
serine protease inhibitor
sibenadet
sibenadet: structure in first source		2.0710
aflatoxin b1
Aflatoxin B1: A potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus flavus group of fungi. It is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and causes immunosuppression in animals. It is found as a contaminant in peanuts, cottonseed meal, corn, and other grains. The mycotoxin requires epoxidation to aflatoxin B1 2,3-oxide for activation. Microsomal monooxygenases biotransform the toxin to the less toxic metabolites aflatoxin M1 and Q1.. aflatoxin B1 : An aflatoxin having a tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene skeleton with oxygen functionality at positions 1, 4 and 11.		2.4620aflatoxin;
aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone		carcinogenic agent;
human metabolite
aphanorphine
aphanorphine: isolated from the fresh water blue-green alga; structure in first source		2.0510
carbocysteine
Carbocysteine: A compound formed when iodoacetic acid reacts with sulfhydryl groups in proteins. It has been used as an anti-infective nasal spray with mucolytic and expectorant action.. S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine : An L-cysteine thioether that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen of the thiol group has been replaced by a carboxymethyl group.		2.0410L-cysteine thioether;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		mucolytic
etravirine
[no description available]		3.2310aminopyrimidine;
aromatic ether;
dinitrile;
organobromine compound		antiviral agent;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
latrepirdine
latrepirdine: structure		2.0710methylpyridines;
pyridoindole		geroprotector
troleandomycin
Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.		2.9740acetate ester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyketide;
semisynthetic derivative		EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor;
xenobiotic
dronedarone
Dronedarone: A non-iodinated derivative of amiodarone that is used for the treatment of ARRHYTHMIA.. dronedarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.		3.23101-benzofurans;
aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
sulfonamide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
tesaglitazar
tesaglitazar: structure in first source		2.7430
ramelteon
ramelteon: melatonin MT1/MT2 receptor agonist		3.8830indanes
lapatinib
[no description available]		4.6340furans;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
quinazolines		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
darunavir
Darunavir: An HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of AIDS and HIV INFECTIONS. Due to the emergence of ANTIVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE when used alone, it is administered in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS.. darunavir : An N,N-disubstituted benzenesulfonamide bearing an unsubstituted amino group at the 4-position, used for the treatment of HIV infection. A second-generation HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including those from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to other protease inhibitors.		3.6220carbamate ester;
furofuran;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
iclaprim
iclaprim: has antiviral activity. iclaprim : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-iclaprim. Both enantiomers exhibit similar, potent bactericidal activity against major Gram-positive pathogens, notably methicillin-sensitive and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA, respectively).. 5-[(2-cyclopropyl-7,8-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-5-yl)methyl]pyrimidine-2,4-diamine : An aminopyrimidine that is 5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a 2-cyclopropyl-7,8-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-5-yl group.		2.4420aminopyrimidine;
chromenes;
cyclopropanes
azd2563
posizolid: an antitubercular agent; structure in first source		3.1910
deferasirox
Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA.. deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions.		3.8730benzoic acids;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols;
triazoles		iron chelator
bms204352
BMS204352: a calcium-sensitive opener of maxi-K potassium channels; structure in first source		2.4620
fosfluconazole
fosfluconazole: prodrug of fluconazole		2.0410conazole antifungal drug;
triazole antifungal drug;
triazoles		prodrug
dabigatran
Dabigatran: A THROMBIN inhibitor which acts by binding and blocking thrombogenic activity and the prevention of thrombus formation. It is used to reduce the risk of stroke and systemic EMBOLISM in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.. dabigatran : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{[(4-carbamimidoylphenyl)amino]methyl}-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid with the secondary amoino group of N-pyridin-2-yl-beta-alanine. The active metabolite of the prodrug dabigatran etexilate, it acts as an anticoagulant which is used for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism.		2.0810aromatic amide;
benzimidazoles;
beta-alanine derivative;
carboxamidine;
pyridines		anticoagulant;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor
tbc-11251
sitaxsentan: endothelin A receptor antagonist; structure in first source		3.8730benzodioxoles
tolvaptan
[no description available]		3.6120benzazepine;
benzenedicarboxamide		aquaretic;
vasopressin receptor antagonist
sorafenib
[no description available]		4.6940(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
pyridinecarboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
colistimethate sodium
[no description available]		3.620
lenalidomide
[no description available]		3.6120aromatic amine;
dicarboximide;
isoindoles;
piperidones		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
immunomodulator
regadenoson
[no description available]		3.2310purine nucleoside
lacosamide
Lacosamide: An acetamide derivative that acts as a blocker of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, for adjunctive or monotherapy, in the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES.		3.6120N-acyl-amino acid
cp 101,606
traxoprodil mesylate: a selective NMDA antagonist; structure given in first source		2.4520
sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer
Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.		3.61203beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
C29-steroid;
phytosterols;
stigmastane sterol		anticholesteremic drug;
antioxidant;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
sterol methyltransferase inhibitor
deoxycholic acid
Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively.		2.0310bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human blood serum metabolite
estradiol 3-benzoate
17beta-estradiol 3-benzoate : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of benzoic acid with the phenolic hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol.		2.021017beta-hydroxy steroid;
benzoate ester		estrogen receptor agonist;
xenoestrogen
cortisone
[no description available]		2.482011-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
dromostanolone propionate
dromostanolone propionate: RN given refers to (2alpha,5alpha,17beta)-isomer		2.04103-oxo-5alpha-steroid;
steroid ester		antineoplastic agent
fludrocortisone acetate
fludrocortisone acetate : An acetate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the primary hydroxy group of fludrocortisone with acetic acid. A synthetic corticosteroid, it has glucocorticoid actions about 10 times as potent as hydrocortisone, while its mineralocorticoid actions are over 100 times as potent. It is used in partial replacement therapy for primary and secondary adrenocortical insufficiency in Addison's disease and for the treatment of salt-losing adrenal hyperplasia.		2.462011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetate ester;
fluorinated steroid;
mineralocorticoid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
vincaleukoblastine
[no description available]		4.4330acetate ester;
indole alkaloid fundamental parent;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite
vincristine sulfate
[no description available]		2.7630organic sulfate saltantineoplastic agent;
geroprotector
benzofurans
Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring.		2.5320
benzarone
benzarone: antihemorrhagic agent; structure		3.59201-benzofurans
nsc-89199
estramustine phosphate : A steroid phosphate which is the 17-O-phospho derivative of estramustine.		2.4520carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound;
steroid phosphate
estramustine
Estramustine: A nitrogen mustard linked to estradiol, usually as phosphate; used to treat prostatic neoplasms; also has radiation protective properties.. estramustine : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid.		3.853017beta-hydroxy steroid;
carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
radiation protective agent
phenethicillin
phenethicillin: minor descriptor (85); major descriptor (63-84); on-line search PENICILLIN, PHENOXYMETHYL/AA (66-85); Index Medicus search PHENETHICILLIN (63-84); RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,5alpha,6beta))-isomer. phenethicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-phenoxypropanamido group.		9.5451penicillin allergen;
penicillin
noscapine
Noscapine: A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent.. (-)-noscapine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline which is substituted by a 4,5-dimethoxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-yl group at position 1, a methylenedioxy group at positions 6-7 and a methoxy group at position 8. Obtained from plants of the Papaveraceae family, it lacks significant painkilling properties and is primarily used for its antitussive (cough-suppressing) effects.		2.4720aromatic ether;
benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
cyclic acetal;
isobenzofuranone;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antitussive;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
homoharringtonine
Homoharringtonine: Semisynthetic derivative of harringtonine that acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor and induces APOPTOSIS in tumor cells. It is used in the treatment of MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC.. omacetaxine mepesuccinate : A cephalotaxine-derived alkaloid ester obtained from Cephalotaxus harringtonia; used for the treatment of chronic or accelerated phase chronic myeloid leukaemia.		2.0510alkaloid ester;
enol ether;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
protein synthesis inhibitor
acivicin
[no description available]		2.7430isoxazoles;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organochlorine compound		antileishmanial agent;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor;
glutamine antagonist;
metabolite
wortmannin
[no description available]		2.0810acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
delta-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
Penicillium metabolite;
radiosensitizing agent
menthofuran
menthofuran: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; derives from cyclization of pulegone. menthofuran : A monoterpenoid that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 6.		2.07101-benzofurans;
monoterpenoid		nematicide;
plant metabolite
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.		11.38704
5-demethylnobiletin
5-demethylnobiletin: antineoplastic from Citrus plants; structure in first source		2.610ether;
flavonoids
o-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol
O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol: Semisynthetic analog of fumagillin (a cyclohexane-sesquiterpene antibiotic isolated from ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS) that inhibits angiogenesis.. O-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol : A carbamate ester that is fumagillol in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding N-(chloroacetyl)carbamate derivative.		2.0510carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid;
spiro-epoxide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor;
retinoic acid receptor alpha antagonist
bortezomib
[no description available]		10.1950amino acid amide;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
pyrazines		antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
protease inhibitor;
proteasome inhibitor
ritonavir
Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		5.471101,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
L-valine derivative;
ureas		antiviral drug;
environmental contaminant;
HIV protease inhibitor;
xenobiotic
tizoxanide
tizoxanide: major metabolite of nitazoxanide; structure in first source		2.0310salicylamides
4-(3-(2-nitro-1-imidazolyl)-propylamino)-7-chloroquinoline hydrochloride
4-(3-(2-nitro-1-imidazolyl)-propylamino)-7-chloroquinoline hydrochloride: structure in first source		2.1510
tryptoquivaline
fumitremorgin C : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is a mycotoxic indole alkaloid produced by several fungi. A potent and specific inhibitor of the breast cancer resistance protein multidrug transporter.		3.1510aromatic ether;
indole alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		breast cancer resistance protein inhibitor;
mycotoxin
nexavar
[no description available]		2.0510organosulfonate salt
povidone-iodine
Povidone-Iodine: An iodinated polyvinyl polymer used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aerosol. The iodine may be radiolabeled for research purposes.		8.67134
permanganate
[no description available]		2.8930manganese oxoacid
carboplatin
[no description available]		8.4511
mbx 1066
MBX 1066: structure in first source		2.0510
fibrin
Fibrin: A protein derived from FIBRINOGEN in the presence of THROMBIN, which forms part of the blood clot.		7.7130peptide
amylopectin
Amylopectin: A highly branched glucan in starch.. amylopectin : A polydisperse highly branched polysaccharide derivative composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage. The chains are joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some 6-phosphate ester groups also may occur. The branches in amylopectin typically contain 24 to 30 glucose residues.		4.5711
glucosamine
D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.		2.9740D-glucosamineEscherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
mouse metabolite
epiglucan
epiglucan: a highly side-chain/branched alkali-insoluble cell wall glucan from fungus such as Epicoccum nigrum, Botrytis cinerea, ascomycetes & basidiomycetes; also isolated S-4001 from Lei Wan (polyporus mylitiae), HA-beta-glucan from mushroom Pleutotus ostreatus (Fr.) Quel., and translam from seaweed Laminaria cichorioides; with commercially important functional properties including emulsification and friction reduction.		2.8430
oxytocin
Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.		3.2310heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide hormone		oxytocic;
vasodilator agent
laminaran
beta-1,3-glucan: component of fungal cell walls; also used as antitumor polysaccharide; unspecified D usually means BETA-GLUCANS; beta-1,3-D-glucan is also available; glucan phosphate is also available; biosynthesis is inhibited by echinocandins (cyclic hexapeptides). laminarin : A polysaccharide composed of beta-(1->3)-linked glucose residues containing sporadic beta-(1->6)-linkages as branch points or inter-residue linkages and 2-3% D-mannitol at some reducing termini.		2.1310
bekanamycin
bekanamycin: kanendomycin is the sulfate of bekanamycin; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410kanamycins
ouabain
Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.		3.572011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
14beta-hydroxy steroid;
5beta-hydroxy steroid;
alpha-L-rhamnoside;
cardenolide glycoside;
steroid hormone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
plant metabolite
salicin
[no description available]		2.0710aromatic primary alcohol;
aryl beta-D-glucoside;
benzyl alcohols		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
puromycin
[no description available]		2.4620puromycinsantiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor;
nucleoside antibiotic;
protein synthesis inhibitor
pentostatin
Pentostatin: A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.. pentostatin : A member of the class of coformycins that is coformycin in which the hydroxy group at position 2' is replaced with a hydrogen. It is a drug used for the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia.		3.8530coformycinsantimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
taurolithocholic acid
Taurolithocholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver from lithocholic acid conjugation with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It solubilizes fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.. taurolithocholic acid : The bile acid taurine conjugate of lithocholic acid.		2.0510bile acid taurine conjugate;
monocarboxylic acid amide		human metabolite
(+)-limonene
(4R)-limonene : An optically active form of limonene having (4R)-configuration.		2.4620limoneneplant metabolite
strychnine
Strychnine: An alkaloid found in the seeds of STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA. It is a competitive antagonist at glycine receptors and thus a convulsant. It has been used as an analeptic, in the treatment of nonketotic hyperglycinemia and sleep apnea, and as a rat poison.. strychnine : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that is strychnidine bearing a keto substituent at the 10-position.		2.0410monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteroheptacyclic compound		avicide;
cholinergic antagonist;
glycine receptor antagonist;
neurotransmitter agent;
rodenticide
quinidine
Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.		6.25260cinchona alkaloidalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
muscarinic antagonist;
P450 inhibitor;
potassium channel blocker;
sodium channel blocker
meropenem
Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.		13.471353alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
carbapenemcarboxylic acid;
organic sulfide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide		antibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
griseofulvin
Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.		5.17801-benzofurans;
antibiotic antifungal drug;
benzofuran antifungal drug;
organochlorine compound;
oxaspiro compound		antibacterial agent;
Penicillium metabolite
cefoxitin
Cefoxitin: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.. cefoxitin : A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups. It is resistant to beta-lactamase.		14.33351beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
cephamycin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
digitoxin
Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.		3.360cardenolide glycosideEC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
moxalactam disodium
[no description available]		2.4620
saquinavir
Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.		5.37100L-asparagine derivative;
quinolines		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
pancuronium
Pancuronium: A bis-quaternary steroid that is a competitive nicotinic antagonist. As a neuromuscular blocking agent it is more potent than CURARE but has less effect on the circulatory system and on histamine release.. pancuronium : A steroid ester in which a 5alpha-androstane skeleton is C-3alpha- and C-17beta-disubstituted with acetoxy groups and 2beta- and 16beta-disubstituted with 1-methylpiperidinium-1-yl groups. It is a non-depolarizing curare-mimetic muscle relaxant.		3.5820acetate ester;
steroid ester		cholinergic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
rocuronium
Rocuronium: An androstanol non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. It has a mono-quaternary structure and is a weaker nicotinic antagonist than PANCURONIUM.. rocuronium : A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.		2.51203alpha-hydroxy steroid;
acetate ester;
androstane;
morpholines;
quaternary ammonium ion;
tertiary amino compound		drug allergen;
muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent
abacavir
abacavir: a carbocyclic nucleoside with potent selective anti-HIV activity. abacavir : A 2,6-diaminopurine that is (1S)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the pro-R hydrogen at the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl group. A nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with antiretroviral activity against HIV, it is used (particularly as the sulfate) with other antiretrovirals in combination therapy of HIV infection.		4.54702,6-diaminopurinesantiviral drug;
drug allergen;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
netilmicin
Netilmicin: Semisynthetic 1-N-ethyl derivative of SISOMYCIN, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action similar to gentamicin, but less ear and kidney toxicity.		3.99130
trimethaphan camsylate
trimethaphan camsylate : The (S)-camphorsulfonate salt of trimethaphan.		2.0510
perindopril erbumine
[no description available]		2.0810addition compoundantihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
miglitol
[no description available]		4.2650piperidines
mometasone furoate
Mometasone Furoate: A pregnadienediol derivative ANTI-ALLERGIC AGENT and ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENT that is used in the management of ASTHMA and ALLERGIC RHINITIS. It is also used as a topical treatment for skin disorders.		7.773011beta-hydroxy steroid;
2-furoate ester;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
organochlorine compound;
steroid ester		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
metyrosine
alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine : An L-tyrosine derivative that consists of L-tyrosine bearing an additional methyl substituent at position 2. An inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with pheochromocytoma.		3.8530L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		antihypertensive agent;
EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor
rocuronium bromide
rocuronium bromide : The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.		2.4520organic bromide salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent
nortriptyline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620organic tricyclic compoundgeroprotector
mefloquine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0110
erythromycin estolate
Erythromycin Estolate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. It is the lauryl sulfate salt of the propionic ester of erythromycin. This erythromycin salt acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.		2.9740aminoglycoside sulfate salt;
erythromycin derivative		enzyme inhibitor
kanamycin sulfate
[no description available]		2.4620aminoglycoside sulfate saltantibacterial drug;
geroprotector
paromomycin sulfate
paromomycin sulfate : An aminoglycoside sulfate salt resulting from the treatment of paromomycin with sulfuric acid. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.		2.4620
terconazole
terconazole: structure & RN for (cis)-isomer from first source. terconazole : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (2R,4S)- and (2S,4R)-terconazole. It has broad-spectrum antifungal activitiy and is used for the treatment of vaginal yeast infections (Candida).. (2R,4S)-terconazole : A 1-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)-4-isopropylpiperazine in which positions 2 and 4 of the 1,3-dioxolane moiety have R and S configuration, respectively.		2.02101-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)-4-isopropylpiperazine
bacampicillin
bacampicillin: ester prodrug that is hydrolyzed to ampicillin after its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bacampicillin : A penicillanic acid ester that is the 1-ethoxycarbonyloxyethyl ester of ampicillin. It is a semi-synthetic, microbiologically inactive prodrug of ampicillin.		2.0210penicillanic acid esterprodrug
linezolid
[no description available]		13.51184acetamides;
morpholines;
organofluorine compound;
oxazolidinone		antibacterial drug;
protein synthesis inhibitor
(S)-bicalutamide
(S)-bicalutamide : A N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide that is the (S)-enantiomer of bicalutamide.		2.0710N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide
norpseudoephedrine
norpseudoephedrine: major metabolite of diethylpropion in man under acidic urine conditions; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation;. cathine : An amphetamine that is propylbenzene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and by an amino group at position 2 (the 1S,2S-stereoisomer).		2.110amphetamines;
phenethylamine alkaloid		central nervous system stimulant;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug
genipin
[no description available]		2.4110iridoid monoterpenoidanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cross-linking reagent;
hepatotoxic agent;
uncoupling protein inhibitor
naringin
[no description available]		3.5820(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
neohesperidoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
cyclopamine
[no description available]		2.0510piperidinesglioma-associated oncogene inhibitor
phenylalanine arginine beta-naphthylamide
phenylalanine arginine beta-naphthylamide: a drug efflux pump inhibitor; structure in first source		3.4370peptide
devazepide
Devazepide: A derivative of benzodiazepine that acts on the cholecystokinin A (CCKA) receptor to antagonize CCK-8's (SINCALIDE) physiological and behavioral effects, such as pancreatic stimulation and inhibition of feeding.. devazepide : An indolecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-2-carboxylic acid with the exocyclic amino group of (3S)-3-amino-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. A cholecystokinin antagonist used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.		2.47201,4-benzodiazepinone;
indolecarboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
cholecystokinin antagonist;
gastrointestinal drug
chloramphenicol palmitate
chloramphenicol palmitate: RN given refers to ((R-(R*,R*))-isomer)		2.7430hexadecanoate ester
clindamycin phosphate
[no description available]		3.2310
hetacillin
[no description available]		2.0410penicillinantibacterial drug
calcium pantothenate
[no description available]		2.4620polymer
pemirolast potassium salt
[no description available]		2.0810
eplerenone
Eplerenone: A spironolactone derivative and selective ALDOSTERONE RECEPTOR antagonist that is used in the management of HYPERTENSION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, post-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.		3.61203-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
epoxy steroid;
gamma-lactone;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
steroid acid ester		aldosterone antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
tolterodine
[no description available]		4.5470tertiary amineantispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant
doxorubicin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7530anthracycline
halcinonide
Halcinonide: A glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of DERMATITIS; ECZEMA; or PSORIASIS. It may cause skin irritation.		2.0710organic molecular entitySMO receptor agonist
metrizamide
Metrizamide: A solute for density gradient centrifugation offering higher maximum solution density without the problems of increased viscosity. It is also used as a resorbable, non-ionic contrast medium.		2.0710amino sugar
medigoxin
Medigoxin: A semisynthetic digitalis glycoside with the general properties of DIGOXIN but more rapid onset of action. Its cardiotonic action is prolonged by its demethylation to DIGOXIN in the liver. It has been used in the treatment of congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).		2.0410cardenolide glycoside
erythromycin ethylsuccinate
Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate: A macrolide antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces erythreus. This compound is an ester of erythromycin base and succinic acid. It acts primarily as a bacteriostatic agent. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin ethylsuccinate : A erythromycin derivative that is erythromycin A in which the hydroxy group at position 3R is substituted by a (4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoyl)oxy group. It is used for the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections.		2.4420cyclic ketone;
erythromycin derivative;
ethyl ester;
succinate ester
vinpocetine
vinpocetine: whole issue of Arzneim Forsch (23 articles) discuss this drug; Arzneim Forsch 26(10a);1976; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation		2.110alkaloidgeroprotector
amcinonide
amcinonide: structure		2.021011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
acetate ester;
corticosteroid;
fluorinated steroid;
spiroketal		anti-inflammatory drug
betamethasone acetate
[no description available]		2.432011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
acetate ester;
fluorinated steroid;
steroid ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
ao 128
AO 128: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor; structure given in first source		2.4720organic molecular entity
sultamicillin
sultamicillin: contains ampicillin & sulbactam		2.5220penicillanic acid ester
loteprednol etabonate
Loteprednol Etabonate: An androstadiene derivative corticosteroid that is used as an ANTI-ALLERGIC AGENT for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic eye conditions.		2.081011beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
etabonate ester;
organochlorine compound;
steroid acid ester;
steroid ester		anti-inflammatory drug
darifenacin
darifenacin : 2-[(3S)-1-Ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide in which one of the hydrogens at the 2-position of the ethyl group is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl group. It is a selective antagonist for the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which is primarily responsible for bladder muscle contractions, and is used as the hydrobromide salt in the management of urinary incontinence.		3.58201-benzofurans;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrrolidines		antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist
fluticasone propionate
fluticasone propionate : A trifluorinated corticosteroid that consists of 6alpha,9-difluoro-11beta,17alpha-dihydroxy-17beta-{[(fluoromethyl)sulfanyl]carbonyl}-16-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene bearing a propionyl substituent at position 17; has anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic and anti-allergic activity.		2.462011beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
corticosteroid;
fluorinated steroid;
propanoate ester;
steroid ester;
thioester		adrenergic agent;
anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug;
bronchodilator agent;
dermatologic drug
betadex
beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.		2.8530cyclodextrin
acarbose
[no description available]		2.9640amino cyclitol;
glycoside
maleic acid
maleic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd(Z)-isomer which is maleic acid; all RR's given refer to (Z)-isomer; (E)-isomer is fumaric acid. maleic acid : A butenedioic acid in which the double bond has cis- (Z)-configuration.		2.9640butenedioic acidalgal metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
e-z cinnamic acid
cinnamic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that consists of acrylic acid bearing a phenyl substituent at the 3-position. It is found in Cinnamomum cassia.. trans-cinnamic acid : The E (trans) isomer of cinnamic acid		2.110cinnamic acidplant metabolite
trichostatin a
trichostatin A: chelates zinc ion in the active site of histone deacetylases, resulting in preventing histone unpacking so DNA is less available for transcription; do not confuse with TRICHOSANTHIN which is a protein; found in STREPTOMYCES		3.4110antibiotic antifungal agent;
hydroxamic acid;
trichostatin		bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector
tretinoin
Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.		4.6680retinoic acid;
vitamin A		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
AP-1 antagonist;
human metabolite;
keratolytic drug;
retinoic acid receptor agonist;
retinoid X receptor agonist;
signalling molecule
resveratrol
trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.		8.6920resveratrolantioxidant;
phytoalexin;
plant metabolite;
quorum sensing inhibitor;
radical scavenger
retinol
Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).		4.140retinol;
vitamin A		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
cyanoginosin lr
cyanoginosin LR: cyclic heptapeptide from cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. microcystin-LR : A microcystin consisting of D-alanyl, L-leucyl, (3S)-3-methyl-D-beta-aspartyl,L-arginyl, 2S,3S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-3-amino-4,5,6,7-tetradehydro-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldecanoyl, D-gamma-glutamyl, and 2,3-didehydro-N-methylalanyl residues joined into a 25-membered macrocycle. Produced by the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa, it is the most studied of the microcystins.		2.4620microcystinbacterial metabolite;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
alpha-D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate : A D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.		2.0510D-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate
docosahexaenoate
efalex: a mixture of fish oil and primrose oil; used as a high-docosahexaenoic acid fatty acid supplement. docosahexaenoic acid : Any C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds.. docosahexaenoate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of docosahexaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.. all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid : A docosahexaenoic acid having six cis-double bonds at positions 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19.		2.0510docosahexaenoic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		algal metabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
Daphnia tenebrosa metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
oleic acid
Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.		2.0510octadec-9-enoic acidantioxidant;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
solvent
tacrolimus
Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.		10.37100macrolide lactambacterial metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
ferulic acid
ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid.		2.1110ferulic acidsanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
MALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite
pectins
Pectins: High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell walls together. They are used as emulsifiers and stabilizers in the food industry. They have been tried for a variety of therapeutic uses including as antidiarrheals, where they are now generally considered ineffective, and in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.. alpha-D-galacturonic acid : The alpha-anomer of D-galacturonic acid.		4.5711D-galactopyranuronic acid
cerivastatin
cerivastatin: cerivastatin is the ((E)-(+))-isomer; structure given in first source. cerivastatin : (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid in which the (7E)-hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-5-(methoxymethyl)pyridin-3-yl group. Formerly used (as its sodium salt) to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.		3.360dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pyridines;
statin (synthetic)
rosuvastatin
rosuvastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).		4.2650dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrimidines;
statin (synthetic);
sulfonamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
cardioprotective agent;
CETP inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cocaine
Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.		3.4370benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound;
tropane alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
eicosapentaenoic acid
icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17.		2.0510icosapentaenoic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		anticholesteremic drug;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
fungal metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
mycophenolic acid
Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		4.53702-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		anticoronaviral agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
xenobiotic
mupirocin
Mupirocin: A topically used antibiotic from a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. It has shown excellent activity against gram-positive staphylococci and streptococci. The antibiotic is used primarily for the treatment of primary and secondary skin disorders, nasal infections, and wound healing.. mupirocin : An alpha,beta-unsaturated ester resulting from the formal condensation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid with the carboxy group of (2E)-4-[(2S)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid in which the tetrahydropyranyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by hydroxy groups and at position 5 by a {(2S,3S)-3-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl]oxiran-2-yl}methyl group. Originally isolated from the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, it is used as a topical antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections.		8.5680alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester;
epoxide;
monocarboxylic acid;
oxanes;
secondary alcohol;
triol		antibacterial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
clindamycin
Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.		10.161042
lycopene
[no description available]		8.5111acyclic caroteneantioxidant;
plant metabolite
fosfomycin
Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.		6.61260epoxide;
phosphonic acids		antimicrobial agent;
EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
zithromax
Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.		16.1416222macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cyfluthrin
cethromycin: a ketolide;. cethromycin : A macrolide antibiotic which displays in vitro activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and is currently under investigation for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have also granted orphan drug designation to cethromycin for the treatment of anthrax prophylaxis, tularemia, and plague (PDB entry: 1NWX).		2.0610
drf 2725
ragaglitazar: a phenoxazine analogue of phenyl propanoic acid; Ragaglitazar is a coligand of PPARalpha and PPARgamma		2.7530
diethylstilbestrol
Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.		2.7830olefinic compound;
polyphenol		antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inducer;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
endocrine disruptor;
xenoestrogen
bms 214662
7-cyano-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)-3-(phenylmethyl)-4-(2-thienylsulfonyl)-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine: a farnesyltransferase inhibitor; structure in first source. BMS-214662 : A member of the class of benzodiazepines that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine substituted by (1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl, benzyl, (thiophen-2-yl)sulfonyl, and cyano groups at positions 1, 3R, 4 and 7, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of farnesyltransferase (IC50 = 1.35nM) which was under clinical development for the treatment of solid tumors.		2.0410benzenes;
benzodiazepine;
imidazoles;
nitrile;
sulfonamide;
thiophenes		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor
octreotide
[no description available]		3.2310
eptifibatide
[no description available]		3.5820homodetic cyclic peptide;
macrocycle;
organic disulfide		anticoagulant;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
alitretinoin
Alitretinoin: A retinoid that is used for the treatment of chronic hand ECZEMA unresponsive to topical CORTICOSTEROIDS. It is also used to treat cutaneous lesions associated with AIDS-related KAPOSI SARCOMA.		2.0510retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
metabolite;
retinoid X receptor agonist
gs 4071
GS 4071: The acid form.. oseltamivir acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 3, 4, and 5 by pentan-3-yloxy, acetamido, and amino groups, respectively (the 3R,4R,5S enantiomer). An antiviral drug, it is used as the corresponding ethyl ester prodrug, oseltamivir, to slow the spread of influenza.		2.7430acetate ester;
amino acid;
cyclohexenecarboxylic acid;
primary amino compound		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
decitabine
[no description available]		4.26502'-deoxyribonucleoside
colfosceril palmitate
colfosceril palmitate: used in the treatment of unilateral pulmonary interstitial emphysema; component of Exosurf. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A phosphatidylcholine 32:0 in which the 1- and 2-acyl groups are specified as hexadecanoyl (palmitoyl). A synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of pulmonary surfactants.		2.21101-acyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine;
phosphatidylcholine 32:0		mouse metabolite;
surfactant
sm 8668
Sch 39304: Sch 42427 is the active entantiomer of the antifungal agent Sch 39304 which consists of Sch 42426 & Sch 42427; Sch 42426, the (S,S)-isomer, is inactive		2.4520
teniposide
[no description available]		4.4160aromatic ether;
beta-D-glucoside;
cyclic acetal;
furonaphthodioxole;
gamma-lactone;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols;
thiophenes		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
iridoids
Iridoids: A type of MONOTERPENES, derived from geraniol. They have the general form of cyclopentanopyran, but in some cases, one of the rings is broken as in the case of secoiridoid. They are different from the similarly named iridals (TRITERPENES).		2.4110
troxacitabine
troxacitabine: shows good anti-HIV activity without cytotoxicity		2.0410carbohydrate derivative;
nucleobase-containing molecular entity
valrubicin
[no description available]		2.0810anthracycline;
trifluoroacetamide
pa 824
pretomanid: nitroimidazopyran derived from 5-nitroimidazoles; a prodrug that requires activation by a bacterial F420-depedent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Fgd) and nitroreductase to activate components that then inhibit bacterial mycolic acid and protein synthesis; structure in first source		5.3630
ketoconazole
(2R,4S)-ketoconazole : A cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine which dioxolane moiety has (2R,4S)-configuration.		3.6820cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine
cefamandole
Cefamandole: Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.. cefamandole : A cephalosporin compound having (R)-mandelamido and N-methylthiotetrazole side-groups.		2.9640cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
dactinomycin
Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)		4.5370actinomycinmutagen
tiazofurin
tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).		2.45201,3-thiazoles;
C-glycosyl compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
prodrug
azaserine
Azaserine: Antibiotic substance produced by various Streptomyces species. It is an inhibitor of enzymatic activities that involve glutamine and is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent.. azaserine : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of diazoacetic acid with the alcoholic hydroxy group of L-serine. An antibiotic produced by a Streptomyces species.		2.7530carboxylic ester;
diazo compound;
L-serine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		antifungal agent;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
glutamine antagonist;
immunosuppressive agent;
metabolite
melphalan
Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.		6.41120L-phenylalanine derivative;
nitrogen mustard;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
sitafloxacin
[no description available]		4.94110fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolines;
quinolone antibiotic
tenofovir
tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.		4.7750nucleoside analogue;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
pd 135042
PD 135042: inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV; structure in first source		2.0510
9-benzyl-2-chloro-6-(2-furyl)purine
9-benzyl-2-chloro-6-(2-furyl)purine: structure in first source		3.3110
posaconazole
[no description available]		4.1340aromatic ether;
conazole antifungal drug;
N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxolanes;
triazole antifungal drug;
triazoles		trypanocidal drug
dibekacin
Dibekacin: Analog of KANAMYCIN with antitubercular as well as broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.. dibekacin : A kanamycin that is kanamycin B lacking the 3- and 4-hydroxy groups on the 2,6-diaminosugar ring.		2.9740kanamycinsantibacterial agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
rubitecan
rubitecan: RN refers to (+-)-isomer; anti-HIV agent; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I inhibitor. rubitecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is camptothecin in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a nitro group. It is a prodrug for 9-aminocamptothecin.		2.4720C-nitro compound;
delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
semisynthetic derivative;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid
meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid : A lignan that is 2,3-dimethylbutane substituted by 2-methoxyphenol groups at positions 1 and 4 respectively. It has been isolated from the bark of Machilus robusta.		2.1510guaiacols;
lignan		plant metabolite
terameprocol
[no description available]		2.1510lignan
micafungin
Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy.		9.7180antibiotic antifungal drug;
echinocandin		antiinfective agent
olamufloxacin
[no description available]		2.6930
abt 492
WQ 3034: structure in first source		3.76100
favipiravir
favipiravir : A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine substituted by aminocarbonyl, hydroxy and fluoro groups at positions 2, 3 and 6, respectively. It is an anti-viral agent that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of several RNA viruses and is approved for the treatment of influenza in Japan.		2.1510hydroxypyrazine;
organofluorine compound;
primary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) inhibitor
dq113
DQ113: a potent quinolone, effective against clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-susceptible and -resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci; formerly referred to as D61-1113		2.4320
riboflavin
vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).		4.350flavin;
vitamin B2		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food colouring;
fundamental metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
sodium bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.		3.8630one-carbon compound;
organic sodium salt		antacid;
food anticaking agent
sodium acetate, anhydrous
Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.		2.0510organic sodium saltNMR chemical shift reference compound
sodium benzoate
Sodium Benzoate: The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.. sodium benzoate : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.		2.0510organic sodium saltalgal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
arsenic trioxide
Tetraarsenic Oxide: A form of As2O3 that exists as As4O6 in the solid state. It dissociates to As2O3 upon heating to the vapor phase above 800 degrees Celsius.		3.8630arsenic oxideantineoplastic agent;
insecticide
dipyrone
Dipyrone: A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE.. metamizole sodium : An organic sodium salt of antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfonatomethyl)amino group, commonly used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic.		2.0510organic sodium saltanti-inflammatory agent;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug;
prodrug
ditiocarb sodium
[no description available]		2.0510organic molecular entity
tolfenamic acid
tolfenamic acid: structure. tolfenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-chloro-2-methylphenyl group. Tolfenamic acid is used specifically for relieving the pain of migraine. It also shows anticancer activity.		7.2510aminobenzoic acid;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
idarubicin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620anthracycline
sch 22219
alclometasone dipropionate : A prednisolone compound having an alpha-chloro substituent at the 7-position, an alpha-methyl substituent at the 16-position and O-propanoyl groups at the 17- and 21-positions.		2.021011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
propanoate ester;
steroid ester		anti-inflammatory drug
sr 90107
fondaparinux sodium : An organic sodium salt, being the decasodium salt of fondaparinux.		3.2310
carbenoxolone sodium
Carbenoxolone: An agent derived from licorice root. It is used for the treatment of digestive tract ulcers, especially in the stomach. Antidiuretic side effects are frequent, but otherwise the drug is low in toxicity.		2.4620triterpenoid
carbenoxolone
[no description available]		2.0510
meglumine iodipamide
[no description available]		3.2310organoammonium saltradioopaque medium
glycosides
[no description available]		2.4720
stilbenes
Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.		2.1710stilbene
thyrotropin-releasing hormone
PR 546: no other info available 9/89. protirelin : A tripeptide composed of L-pyroglutamyl, L-histidyl and L-prolinamide residues joined in sequence.		3.2310peptide hormone;
tripeptide		human metabolite
chloroquine diphosphate
[no description available]		2.0310chloroquine
sorbic acid
Sorbic Acid: Mold and yeast inhibitor. Used as a fungistatic agent for foods, especially cheeses.. (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid : A sorbic acid having trans-double bonds at positions 2 and 4; a food preservative that can induce cutaneous vasodilation and stinging upon topical application to humans. It is the most thermodynamically stable of the four possible geometric isomers possible, as well as the one with the highest antimicrobial activity.. sorbic acid : A hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4; it has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring.		2.110alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
sorbic acid
discodermolide
[no description available]		2.0510diterpenoid
flavin mononucleotide
[no description available]		2.0410flavin mononucleotide;
vitamin B2		bacterial metabolite;
coenzyme;
cofactor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
dextromethadone
D-methadone: an NMDA receptor antagonist analgesic that lacks opioid activity. dextromethadone : A 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one that has (S)-configuration. It is the less active enantiomer of methadone and has very little activity on opioid receptors and mainly responsible for the inhibition of hERG K+ channels and thus for cardiac toxicity. The drug is currently under clinical development for the treatment of major depressive disorder.		2.03106-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-oneNMDA receptor antagonist;
opioid analgesic
cannabidiol
Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.		2.0510olefinic compound;
phytocannabinoid;
resorcinols		antimicrobial agent;
plant metabolite
buprenorphine
Buprenorphine: A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use.. buprenorphine : A morphinane alkaloid that is 7,8-dihydromorphine 6-O-methyl ether in which positions 6 and 14 are joined by a -CH2CH2- bridge, one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl, and a hydrogen at position 7 is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl group. It is highly effective for the treatment of opioid use disorder and is also increasingly being used in the treatment of chronic pain.		2.2110morphinane alkaloiddelta-opioid receptor antagonist;
kappa-opioid receptor antagonist;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
arginine vasopressin
Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6.		3.6120vasopressincardiovascular drug;
hematologic agent;
mitogen
s 1033
[no description available]		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
imidazoles;
pyridines;
pyrimidines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
mezlocillin
Mezlocillin: Semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin. It has been proposed for infections with certain anaerobes and may be useful in inner ear, bile, and CNS infections.. mezlocillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2R)-2-[3-(methanesulfonyl)-2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.		2.9540penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
trilostane
trilostane: inhibits conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone; adrenal blocking agent used in treatment of Cushing's syndrome. trilostane : An epoxy steroid that is 3,17beta-dihydroxy-5alpha-androst-2-ene-2-carbonitrile in which the oxygen of the epoxy group is joined to the 4alpha and 5 alpha positions.		2.081017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
androstanoid;
epoxy steroid;
nitrile		abortifacient;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.210 [3beta(or 20alpha)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase] inhibitor
cholinophyllin
[no description available]		2.0210
mitobronitol
Mitobronitol: Brominated analog of MANNITOL which is an antineoplastic agent appearing to act as an alkylating agent.		2.0410alcohol;
organobromine compound
tropisetron
Tropisetron: An indole derivative and 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist that is used for the prevention of nausea and vomiting.. tropisetron : An indolyl carboxylate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of tropine.		2.0410indolyl carboxylic acid
prednisolone hemisuccinate
prednisolone hemisuccinate: RN given refers to (11 beta)-isomer. prednisolone succinate : A hemisuccinate resulting from the formal condensation of the 21-hydroxy group prednisolone with one of the carboxy groups of succinic acid. It is used to treat mild to moderate non-infectious eye allergies and inflammation, including damage caused by chemical and thermal burns.		2.041011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
hemisuccinate;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug
tiamulin
tiamulin: 81723 HFU and tiamutin are for fumarate salt; prevents senescence in ascomycete; pleuromutilin derivative; RN given refers to ((3aS-(3aalpha,4beta,5alpha,6alpha,8beta,9alpha,9abeta,10S*))-isomer. tiamulin : A carbotricyclic compound that is pleuromutilin in which the hydroxyacetate group is replaced by a 2-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]sulfanyl}acetate group. An antibacterial drug, tiamulin is used in veterinary medicine (generally as its hydrogen fumarate salt) for the treatment of swine dysentery caused by Serpulina hyodysenteriae.		340carbotricyclic compound;
carboxylic ester;
cyclic ketone;
organic sulfide;
secondary alcohol;
semisynthetic derivative;
tertiary amino compound;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antibacterial drug
leuprolide acetate
leuprolide acetate : An acetate salt obtained by combining the nonapeptide leuprolide with acetic acid. A long lasting GnRH analog, LH-Rh agonist. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.		2.0810acetate saltantineoplastic agent;
gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
leuprolide
Leuprolide: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE that regulates the synthesis and release of pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE.. leuprolide : An oligopeptide comprising pyroglutamyl, histidyl, tryptophyl, seryl, tyrosyl, D-leucyl, leucyl, arginyl, and N-ethylprolinamide residues joined in sequence. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant (particularly as the acetate salt) for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.		2.4620oligopeptideanti-estrogen;
antineoplastic agent;
gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
octotropine methylbromide
octotropine methylbromide: minor descriptor (65-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search TROPANES (69-86); RN given refers to endo-isomer. anisotropine methylbromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of anisotropine with methyl bromide.		2.0410
fludarabine
[no description available]		2.4320purine nucleoside
propylthiouracil
Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.		4.85100pyrimidinethioneantidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antimetabolite;
antioxidant;
antithyroid drug;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
hormone antagonist
nsc 4347
NSC 4347: structure in first source		2.0410
ipratropium bromide anhydrous
[no description available]		2.0210
ipratropium
[no description available]		2.0710
prothionamide
Prothionamide: Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE. It is used mostly in combination with other agents.		10.761pyridines
chlorprothixene
Chlorprothixene: A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.. (Z)-chlorprothixene : A chlorprothixene in which the double bond adopts a (Z)-configuration.		2.4720chlorprothixene
doxepin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.110
etomidate
Etomidate: Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.. etomidate : The ethyl ester of 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. It is an intravenous general anaesthetic with no analgesic activity.		4.460ethyl ester;
imidazoles		intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative
mercaptopurine
Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.		4.86100aryl thiol;
purines;
thiocarbonyl compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
methylthiouracil
Methylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent that inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormone. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.		2.0710pyrimidone
dexketoprofen
dexketoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is (S)-hydratropic acid substituted at position 3 on the phenyl ring by a benzoyl group. A cyclooxygenase inhibitor, it is used to relieve short-term pain, such as muscular pain, dental pain and dysmenorrhoea.		2.0310benzophenones;
monocarboxylic acid		cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene
3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: demethyl derivative of isorhapontigenin; structure in first source; a Syk kinase inhibitor; found in heartwood of FABACEAE; inhibitor of photosynthesis in spinach chloroplasts; may be inhibitor of plant growth; RN given refers to (E)-isomer. piceatannol : A stilbenol that is trans-stilbene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4, while the other phenyl group is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5.		3.3110catechols;
polyphenol;
resorcinols;
stilbenol		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
crotamiton
[no description available]		2.0710
levosulpiride
(S)-(-)-sulpiride : An optically active form of sulpiride having (S)-configuration. The active enantiomer of the racemic drug sulpiride. Selective D2-like dopamine antagonist (Ki values are ~ 0.015. ~ 0.013, 1, ~ 45 and ~ 77 muM at D2, D3, D4, D1 and D5 receptors respectively).		2.0810sulpirideantidepressant;
antiemetic;
antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
ondansetron, (s)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0310
4-methoxycinnamic acid
[no description available]		2.0510cinnamic acids
pyrantel
Pyrantel: A depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking agent, that causes persistent nicotinic activation resulting in spastic paralysis of susceptible nematodes. It is a drug of second-choice after benzimidazoles for treatment of ascariasis, hookworm, and pinworm infections, being effective after a single dose. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p920). pyrantel : A carboxamidine that is 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine that is substituted at position 1 by a methyl group and at position 2 by an (E)-2-(2-thienyl)vinyl group. It is used, particularly as the embonate [4,4'-methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate)] salt, as an anthelmintic that is effective against intestinal nematodes including threadworms, roundworms and hookworms, and is included in the WHO 'Model List of Essential Medicines'.		3.23101,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines;
carboxamidine;
thiophenes		antinematodal drug
lobeline
[no description available]		2.0410
N2,N4-ditert-butyl-6-hydrazinyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine
[no description available]		3.3510diamino-1,3,5-triazine
cotinine
Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum.		2.4520N-alkylpyrrolidine;
pyridines;
pyrrolidin-2-ones;
pyrrolidine alkaloid		antidepressant;
biomarker;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
flunarizine
Flunarizine: Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 blocking activity. It is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy.		2.0710diarylmethane
thiothixene
[no description available]		4.4160N-methylpiperazineanticoronaviral agent
eszopiclone
Eszopiclone: A pyridine, pyrazine, and piperazine derivative that is used as a HYPNOTIC AND SEDATIVE in the treatment of INSOMNIA.. eszopiclone : The (5S)- (active) enantiomer of zopiclone. Unlike almost all other hypnotic sedatives, which are approved only for the relief of short-term (6-8 weeks) insomnia, eszopiclone is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for long-term use.		3.8630zopiclonecentral nervous system depressant;
sedative
curcumin
Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.		8.6420aromatic ether;
beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
contraceptive drug;
dye;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
food colouring;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
immunomodulator;
iron chelator;
ligand;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical;
radical scavenger
benztropine
Benztropine: A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.. benzatropine : Tropane in which a hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a diphenylmethoxy group (endo-isomer). An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used (particularly as its methanesulphonate salt) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.		4.0740diarylmethane
thiouracil
Thiouracil: Occurs in seeds of Brassica and Crucifera species. Thiouracil has been used as antithyroid, coronary vasodilator, and in congestive heart failure although its use has been largely supplanted by other drugs. It is known to cause blood dyscrasias and suspected of terato- and carcinogenesis.. thiouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the oxo group at C-2 is replaced by a thioxo group.		2.0410nucleobase analogue;
thiocarbonyl compound		antithyroid drug;
metabolite
methimazole
Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.		4.77901,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thionesantithyroid drug
cinnarizine
Cinnarizine: A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS.		2.0810diarylmethane;
N-alkylpiperazine;
olefinic compound		anti-allergic agent;
antiemetic;
calcium channel blocker;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
sulindac
Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.		4.95110monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		analgesic;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent
capsaicin
ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.		2.9740capsaicinoidnon-narcotic analgesic;
TRPV1 agonist;
voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
enclomiphene
Enclomiphene: The trans or (E)-isomer of clomiphene.		2.0210
terbinafine
[no description available]		4.460acetylenic compound;
allylamine antifungal drug;
enyne;
naphthalenes;
tertiary amine		EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor;
sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
epalrestat
epalrestat : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1,3-thiazolidine which is substituted on the nitrogen by a carboxymethyl group, at positions 2 and 4 by thioxo and oxo groups, respectively, and at position 5 by a 2-methyl-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ylidene group. It is an inhibitor of aldose reductase (which catalyses the conversion of glucose to sorbitol) and is used for the treatment of some diabetic complications, including neuropathy.		2.0810monocarboxylic acid;
thiazolidines		EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
1,4-benzoquinone guanylhydrazone thiosemicarbazone
1,4-benzoquinone guanylhydrazone thiosemicarbazone: structure given in first source		2.0410
drotaverin
drotaverin: Hungarian drug; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.9740isoquinolines
Thiophene-2
[no description available]		2.2110organosulfur heterocyclic compound
chlorogenic acid
caffeoylquinic acid: Antiviral Agent; structure in first source. chlorogenate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of chlorogenic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		7.2510cinnamate ester;
tannin		food component;
plant metabolite
thioguanine anhydrous
Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.		4.25502-aminopurinesanticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
thiobarbituric acid
thiobarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-thiobarbituric acid : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid in which the oxygen at C-2 is replaced by sulfur.		2.0510barbituratesallergen;
reagent
(1R,2S)-tranylcypromine hydrochloride
(1R,2S)-tranylcypromine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid.		2.4620hydrochloride
tacrine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.0510
thiosemicarbazide
thiosemicarbazide: glutamate decarboxylase antagonist; structure given in first source. hydrazinecarbothioamide : A member of the class of thioureas that is thiourea in which a hydrogen of one of the amino groups is replaced by an amino group.		2.2510hydrazines;
thiocarboxamide;
thioureas
sodium propionate
sodium propionate: was term of propionic acid (1986-2006). sodium propionate : An organic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and propionate ions.		2.0510organic sodium saltantifungal drug;
food preservative
thioacetamide
Thioacetamide: A crystalline compound used as a laboratory reagent in place of HYDROGEN SULFIDE. It is a potent hepatocarcinogen.. thioacetamide : A thiocarboxamide consiting of acetamide having the oxygen replaced by sulfur.		2.7530thiocarboxamidehepatotoxic agent
succimer
Succimer: A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them.. succimer : A sulfur-containing carboxylic acid that is succinic acid bearing two mercapto substituents at positions 2 and 3. A lead chelator used as an antedote to lead poisoning.		3.5620dicarboxylic acid;
dithiol;
sulfur-containing carboxylic acid		chelator
digoxin
Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.		12.19161cardenolide glycoside;
steroid saponin		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
epitope
streptozocin
[no description available]		4.2550
tamoxifen
[no description available]		5.69140stilbenoid;
tertiary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside
4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside: RN given refers to (beta)-isomer. 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-glucoside : A beta-D-glucoside having a 4-methylumbelliferyl substituent at the anomeric position.		2.110beta-D-glucoside;
coumarins;
monosaccharide derivative		chromogenic compound
ethionamide
Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.		7.69180pyridines;
thiocarboxamide		antilipemic drug;
antitubercular agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor;
leprostatic drug;
prodrug
cancidas
[no description available]		3.5820
zeranol
Zeranol: A non-steroidal estrogen analog.		2.0410macrolide
fusidic acid
Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.		3.7710011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
steroid acid;
steroid antibiotic;
sterol ester		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
scopolamine
[no description available]		2.07103-hydroxy carboxylic acid
lincomycin
Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.		4.0740carbohydrate-containing antibiotic;
L-proline derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide;
S-glycosyl compound		antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
valinomycin
Valinomycin: A cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the enniatins. It is composed of 3 moles each of L-valine, D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, D-valine, and L-lactic acid linked alternately to form a 36-membered ring. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Valinomycin is a potassium selective ionophore and is commonly used as a tool in biochemical studies.. valinomycin : A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains.		2.0810cyclodepsipeptide;
macrocycle		antimicrobial agent;
antiviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
potassium ionophore
thiopental
Thiopental: A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.. thiopental : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of 2-thiobarbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.		3.1450barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative;
xenobiotic
estrone sulfate
estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd		3.562017-oxo steroid;
steroid sulfate		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
ranitidine
Ranitidine: A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (H2 receptors). It is used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers.. ranitidine : A member of the class of furans used to treat peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease.		12.3473C-nitro compound;
furans;
organic sulfide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-ulcer drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
H2-receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
aplaviroc
aplaviroc: a spiro-diketo-piperazine; a potent noncompetitive allosteric antagonist of the CCR5 receptor with concomitantly potent antiviral effects for HIV-1; structure in first source		3.2310
hmr 3647
[no description available]		5.82280
latoconazole
latoconazole: RN refers to cpd without isomeric designation; latoconazole is (E)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.0810conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug
maraviroc
[no description available]		3.8930tropane alkaloid
toremifene citrate
[no description available]		2.0810stilbenoidanticoronaviral agent
toremifene
Toremifene: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.		3.8630aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amine		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
telaprevir
[no description available]		2.0510cyclopentapyrrole;
cyclopropanes;
oligopeptide;
pyrazines		antiviral drug;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
peptidomimetic
nelarabine
nelarabine: prodrug of ara-G. nelarabine : A purine nucleoside in which O-methylguanine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. Inhibits DNA synthesis and causes cell death; a prodrug of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine (ara-G).		3.8730beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
prodrug
laccase
Laccase: A copper-containing oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 4-benzenediol to 4-benzosemiquinone. It also has activity towards a variety of O-quinols and P-quinols. It primarily found in FUNGI and is involved in LIGNIN degradation, pigment biosynthesis and detoxification of lignin-derived products.		7.7220
glycylproline
Gly-Pro : A dipeptide consisting of L-proline having a glycyl residue attached to its alpha-amino group.		3.1510dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide		metabolite
2-[(2-ethoxyphenoxy)-phenylmethyl]morpholine
[no description available]		2.7430aromatic ether
lithium
Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.		710alkali metal atom
albutoin
albutoin: structure		2.0410organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
iodothiouracil
[no description available]		2.0410organohalogen compound;
pyrimidines
dermatan sulfate
Dermatan Sulfate: A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found mostly in the skin and in connective tissue. It differs from CHONDROITIN SULFATE A (see CHONDROITIN SULFATES) by containing IDURONIC ACID in place of glucuronic acid, its epimer, at carbon atom 5. (from Merck, 12th ed). alpha-L-IdopA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc4S : An oligosaccharide sulfate that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-idopyranuronoside.. dermatan sulfate : Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated beta1->4-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units.		3.2310amino disaccharide;
glycosylgalactose derivative;
iduronic acids;
oligosaccharide sulfate
dezocine
dezocine: potent analgesic; RN given refers to ((5R-(5alpha,11alpha,13S*)))-isomer (dezocin); structure. dezocine : (7S,8S)-7-Amino-8-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol in which the hydrogen at position 8 and one of the hydrogens at position 6 are substituted by each end of a tetramethylene bridge. A synthetic opioid analgesic, it has mixed opiod agonist and antagonist properties. Although it is used for pain management, it can produce opioid withdrawal syndrome in patients already dependent on other opioids, and its clinical application is limited by side effects such as dizziness.		2.0210phenols;
primary amino compound		opioid analgesic
dapiprazole
[no description available]		2.0210N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
pyridines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antipsychotic agent;
miotic;
ophthalmology drug
droloxifene
[no description available]		2.0510stilbenoid
dolasetron
[no description available]		4.2450indolyl carboxylic acid
or 1259
[no description available]		2.4520hydrazone;
nitrile;
pyridazinone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
ranitidine bismuth citrate
ranitidine bismuth citrate: Pylorid & Tritec are tradenames		11.3543
almokalant
almokalant: structure given in first source		2.0710
gestodene
Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer		2.7530steroidestrogen
orlistat
Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.		3.8730beta-lactone;
carboxylic ester;
formamides;
L-leucine derivative		anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
idoxifene
idoxifene: structure given in first source		2.0510stilbenoid
quinine
[no description available]		6.14160cinchona alkaloidantimalarial;
muscle relaxant;
non-narcotic analgesic
micronomicin
micronomicin: DE 020 & DE 020 eyedrops both consist of KW 1062, benzalkonium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide & distilled water pH 7.4; RN given refers to parent cpd; see also record for gentamicin C; structure		2.0110aminoglycoside
isepamicin
[no description available]		2.9840
ifetroban
ifetroban: thromboxane receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; a 7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptane derivative		2.0410benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid
lamifiban
lamifiban: a nonpeptide glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist; prevents platelet loss during experimental cardiopulmonary bypass		2.0410N-acylglycine
fospropofol
[no description available]		3.2310alkylbenzene
vx-745
[no description available]		2.0710aryl sulfide;
dichlorobenzene;
difluorobenzene;
pyrimidopyridazine		anti-inflammatory drug;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
azilect
[no description available]		2.0810
rasagiline
[no description available]		3.2310indanes;
secondary amine;
terminal acetylenic compound		EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
deracoxib
SC 046: structure in first source. deracoxib : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3, and 5 by 4-sulfamoylphenyl, difluoromethyl and 3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl groups, respectively. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in dogs.		2.0710organofluorine compound;
pyrazoles;
sulfonamide		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
dasatinib
N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide: a dasatinib prodrug; structure in first source. dasatinib (anhydrous) : An aminopyrimidine that is 2-methylpyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by the primary amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and at position 6 by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group, and in which the carboxylic acid group has been formally condensed with 2-chloro-6-methylaniline to afford the corresponding amide. A multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, it is used, particularly as the monohydrate, for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Note that the name 'dasatinib' is used to refer to the monohydrate (USAN) as well as to anhydrous dasatinib (INN).		4.64401,3-thiazoles;
aminopyrimidine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
2-aminohippuric acid
[no description available]		2.0710N-acylglycine
tocainide, (s)-isomer
[no description available]		2.0310
zd 6474
CH 331: structure in first source		3.6220aromatic ether;
organobromine compound;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines;
secondary amine		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
telavancin
telavancin: an anti-infective agent; structure in first source. telavancin : A glycopeptide that is vancomycin substituted at position N-3'' by a 2-(decylamino)ethyl group and at position C-29 by a (phosphonomethyl)aminomethyl group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of adults with complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by bacteria.		3.1450glycopeptideantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
calixarenes
Calixarenes: Phenolic metacyclophanes derived from condensation of PHENOLS and ALDEHYDES. The name derives from the vase-like molecular structures. A bracketed [n] indicates the number of aromatic rings.. calixarenes : Originally macrocyclic compounds capable of assuming a basket (or "calix") shaped conformation. They are formed from p-hydrocarbyl phenols and formaldehyde. The term now applies to a variety of derivatives by substitution of the hydrocarbon cyclo{oligo[(1,3-phenylene)methylene]}.. calixarene : A macrocycle composed of 1,3-phenylene groups linked by methylene groups. The number of 1,3-phenylene units in the macrocycle is denoted by the "n" in calix[n]arene name.		2.0610
ginsenosides
ginsenoside : Triterpenoid saponins with a dammarane-like skeleton originally isolated from ginseng (Panax) species. Use of the term has been extended to include semi-synthetic derivatives.		2.3110
silybin
[no description available]		3.6120
alatrofloxacin
alatrofloxacin: prodrug of trovafloxacin		8.7921
riamilovir
[no description available]		2.1110
rs-130830
RS-130830: orally-active broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor		2.0710
sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.		2.0310organic sodium saltdetergent;
protein denaturant
chloramine-t
chloramine-T: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. chloramine T : An organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen.		2.0510organic sodium saltallergen;
antifouling biocide;
disinfectant
sodium borohydride
sodium borohydride: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.3110inorganic sodium salt;
metal tetrahydridoborate
sitagliptin
sitagliptin : A triazolopyrazine that exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		4.4260triazolopyrazine;
trifluorobenzene		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
hypoglycemic agent;
serine proteinase inhibitor;
xenobiotic
flosequinan
[no description available]		2.4420quinolines
rhodamine 123
Rhodamine 123: A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30). rhodamine 123(1+) : A cationic fluorescent dye derived from 9-phenylxanthene.		2.1110organic cation;
xanthene dye		fluorochrome
tolcapone
Tolcapone: A benzophenone and nitrophenol compound that acts as an inhibitor of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of DOPAMINE and LEVODOPA. It is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE in patients for whom levodopa is ineffective or contraindicated.. tolcapone : Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase.		4.861002-nitrophenols;
benzophenones;
catechols		antiparkinson drug;
EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
sq 109
N-geranyl-N'-(2-adamantyl)ethane-1,2-diamine: has antitubercular activity		3.1910
quercetin
[no description available]		4.1407-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
bilirubin
[no description available]		3.8430biladienes;
dicarboxylic acid		antioxidant;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
dinoprostone
prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins.		3.0240prostaglandins Ehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
oxytocic
dinoprost
Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor.		2.4520monocarboxylic acid;
prostaglandins Falpha		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
tylosin
[no description available]		2.5220aldehyde;
disaccharide derivative;
enone;
leucomycin;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative		allergen;
bacterial metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
apigenin
Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.		3.6520trihydroxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
luteolin
[no description available]		8.73203'-hydroxyflavonoid;
tetrahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
nephroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
calcitriol
dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes		4.460D3 vitamins;
hydroxycalciol;
triol		antineoplastic agent;
antipsoriatic;
bone density conservation agent;
calcium channel agonist;
calcium channel modulator;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
vitamin k semiquinone radical
vitamin K semiquinone radical: found in active preparations of vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. vitamin K : Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors.		2.0710
beta carotene
beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.		2.7530carotenoid beta-end derivative;
cyclic carotene		antioxidant;
biological pigment;
cofactor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
provitamin A
retinol palmitate
retinol palmitate: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. retinyl palmitate : A palmitate ester of retinol with undefined geometry about the C=C bonds.. all-trans-retinyl palmitate : An all-trans-retinyl ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of palmitic (hexadecanoic acid) with the hydroxy group of all-trans-retinol. It is used in cosmetic products to treat various skin disorders such as acne, skin aging, wrinkles, dark spots, and also protect against psoriasis.		2.7730all-trans-retinyl ester;
retinyl palmitate		antioxidant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite
alprostadil
[no description available]		3.1650prostaglandins Eanticoagulant;
human metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
vitamin d 2
Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa.		4.0940hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-ergostane;
vitamin D		bone density conservation agent;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
rodenticide
cholecalciferol
Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.		3.9730D3 vitamins;
hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-cholestane;
secondary alcohol;
steroid hormone		geroprotector;
human metabolite
quercetin 3-o-glucopyranoside
quercetin 3-O-glucopyranoside: structure in first source. quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Lepisorus contortus, it exhibits antineoplastic activityand has been found to decrease the rate of polymerization and sickling of red blood cells		3.3110beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antipruritic drug;
bone density conservation agent;
geroprotector;
histamine antagonist;
osteogenesis regulator;
plant metabolite
rutin
Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders.		3.6220disaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glucoside;
rutinoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antioxidant;
metabolite
bilirubin diglucuronide
[no description available]		3.1510
kaempferol
[no description available]		3.31107-hydroxyflavonol;
flavonols;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
genistein
[no description available]		3.31107-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b
Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.		5.56120antibiotic antifungal drug;
macrolide antibiotic;
polyene antibiotic		antiamoebic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
bacterial metabolite
clavulanic acid
Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactam antibiotic produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus. It is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.. clavulanate : The conjugate base of clavulanic acid.. clavulanic acid : Antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes.		13.17224oxapenamantibacterial drug;
anxiolytic drug;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
pulmicort
Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.		4.769011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic acetal;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
bronchodilator agent;
drug allergen
cefzil
cefprozil: structure given in first source. cefprozil : A semisynthetic, second-generation cephalosporin, with prop-1-enyl and (R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used to treat bronchitis as well as ear, skin and other bacterial infections.		2.0210
oxymetholone
Oxymetholone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. It is used mainly in the treatment of anemias. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002), this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). oxymetholone : A 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects.		3.8730
eprosartan
eprosartan: angiotensin II receptor antagonist. eprosartan : A member of the class of imidazoles and thiophenes that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure.		4.6680dicarboxylic acid;
imidazoles;
thiophenes		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
montelukast
montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		4.7690aliphatic sulfide;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolines		anti-arrhythmia drug;
anti-asthmatic drug;
leukotriene antagonist
mivacurium
Mivacurium: An isoquinoline derivative that is used as a short-acting non-depolarizing agent.		3.5820isoquinolines
timolol maleate
(S)-timolol maleate : The maleic acid salt of the active (S)-enantiomer of timolol, comprising equimolar amounts of (S)-timolol and maleic acid.		2.4620maleate saltanti-arrhythmia drug;
antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
brompheniramine maleate
brompheniramine maleate : The maleic acid salt of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.		2.7630maleate saltanti-allergic agent
chlorpheniramine maleate
[no description available]		2.4620organic molecular entity
clemastine fumarate
clemastine fumarate : The fumaric acid salt of clemastine. An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.		2.4620fumarate saltanti-allergic agent;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
dexchlorpheniramine maleate
[no description available]		2.0810organic molecular entity
olopatadine
[no description available]		2.0210
methylergonovine maleate
[no description available]		2.4620ergoline alkaloidgeroprotector
hemabate
carboprost tromethamine : The tromethamine salt of carboprost. It is used as an abortifacient agent that is effective in both the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.		3.2310
ethchlorvynol
Ethchlorvynol: A sedative and hypnotic that has been used in the short-term management of INSOMNIA. Its use has been superseded by other drugs.. ethchlorvynol : Propargyl alcohol in which the methylene hydrogens are substituted by ethyl and 2-chlorovinyl groups. A hypnotic and sedative, it is used for treatment of insomnia in some cases where an intolerance or allergy to more commonly used drugs exists.		2.0410
mycophenolate mofetil
mycophenolate mofetil : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid and the hydroxy group of 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol. In the liver, it is metabolised to mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant for which it is a prodrug. It is widely used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants as well as for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		3.8730carboxylic ester;
ether;
gamma-lactone;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
bw b1090u
[no description available]		2.0210isoquinolines
entacapone
entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.		4.66802-nitrophenols;
catechols;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
central nervous system drug;
EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
paricalcitol
[no description available]		4.0840hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-cholestane		antiparathyroid drug
astaxanthine
astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.		2.0510carotenol;
carotenone		animal metabolite;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
food colouring;
plant metabolite
baicalein
[no description available]		3.3110trihydroxyflavoneangiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hormone antagonist;
plant metabolite;
prostaglandin antagonist;
radical scavenger
chrysin
chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.		3.31107-hydroxyflavonol;
dihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
diosmin
[no description available]		3.6120dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
glycosyloxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone;
rutinoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant
galangin
5,7-dihydroxyflavonol: antimicrobial from the twigs of Populus nigra x Populus deltoides; structure in first source. galangin : A 7-hydroxyflavonol with additional hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 respectively; a growth inhibitor of breast tumor cells.		3.31107-hydroxyflavonol;
trihydroxyflavone		antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
morin
morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5.		3.31107-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
daidzein
[no description available]		3.31107-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
cynarine
cynarine: active principle of the artichoke; functions primarily as a cholagogue and choleretic and also as antilipemic agent		2.0510alkyl caffeate ester;
quinic acid		plant metabolite
ellagic acid
[no description available]		2.0810catechols;
cyclic ketone;
lactone;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
polyphenol		antioxidant;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
flupenthixol
cis-flupenthixol : A flupenthixol in which the double bond adopts a cis-configuration.		2.0510flupenthixoldopaminergic antagonist
sdz psc 833
valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215		2.4520homodetic cyclic peptide
estradiol-17 beta-glucuronide
17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid : A steroid glucosiduronic acid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having a beta-glucuronyl residue attached at position 17 via a glycosidic linkage.		3.85303-hydroxy steroid;
steroid glucosiduronic acid
l 660,711
[no description available]		2.0810quinolines
coenzyme q10
coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.		2.0510ubiquinonesantioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite
cerulenin
Cerulenin: An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including ACREMONIUM, Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.. cerulenin : An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including Acremonium, Acrocylindrum and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.		3.3110epoxide;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antilipemic drug;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor
pheniramine maleate
Naphcon A: tradename; contains above compounds; ophthalmic solution		2.0710organic molecular entity
josamycin
[no description available]		2.9740acetate ester;
aldehyde;
disaccharide derivative;
glycoside;
macrolide antibiotic;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antibacterial drug;
metabolite
miocamycin
Miocamycin: A macrolide antibiotic that has a wide antimicrobial spectrum and is particularly effective in respiratory and genital infections.		2.9340
rokitamycin
rokitamycin: structure in first source		8.2760organic molecular entity
travoprost
Travoprost: A cloprostenol derivative that is used as an ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT in the treatment of OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.. travoprost : The isopropyl ester of prostaglandin F2alpha in which the pentyl group is replaced by a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxymethyl group. A synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2alpha, ophthalmic solutions of travoprost are used as a topical medication for controlling the progression of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension, by reducing intraocular pressure. It is a pro-drug; the isopropyl ester group is hydrolysed by esterases in the cornea to the biologically active free acid, fluprostenol.		2.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
isopropyl ester;
prostaglandins Falpha		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
ophthalmology drug;
prodrug;
prostaglandin receptor agonist
tranilast
tranilast: antiallergic drug; potent inhibitor of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. tranilast : An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group.		2.4720amidobenzoic acid;
cinnamamides;
dimethoxybenzene;
secondary carboxamide		anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
calcium channel blocker;
hepatoprotective agent;
nephroprotective agent
7432 s
Ceftibuten: A cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.. ceftibuten : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-4-carboxybut-2-enoyl]amino substituent at the 7 position of the cephem skeleton. An orally-administered agent, ceftibuten is used as the dihydrate to treat urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.		3.5620cephalosporin;
dicarboxylic acid		antibacterial drug
imipenem
[no description available]		2.0810carbapenems
etretinate
retinoid : Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof.		2.9640enoate ester;
ethyl ester;
retinoid		keratolytic drug
isotretinoin
Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.		4.5570retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
teratogenic agent
misoprostol
Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.		2.7330
olopatadine hydrochloride
Olopatadine Hydrochloride: An antihistamine with mast-cell stabilizing properties used as eye drops in the treatment of ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS.		3.1910dibenzooxazepine
ketotifen fumarate
ketotifen fumarate : An organoammonium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of ketotifen(1+) and fumarate(1-) ions. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is a non-bronchodilator anti-asthmatic drug.		2.0810organoammonium saltanti-asthmatic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist
epoprostenol
[no description available]		3.8430prostaglandins Imouse metabolite
indocyanine green
[no description available]		3.58201,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate;
benzoindole;
cyanine dye
dinoprost tromethamine
[no description available]		2.0810organic molecular entity
s 1108
S 1108: structure given in first source; an oral cephem antibiotic and prodrug of S-1006		6.0342
ozagrel
ozagrel: RN refers to (E)-isomer		2.0510cinnamic acids
triprolidine
Triprolidine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic rhinitis; ASTHMA; and URTICARIA. It is a component of COUGH and COLD medicines. It may cause drowsiness.. triprolidine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is acrivastine in which the pyridine ring is lacking the propenoic acid substituent. It is a sedating antihistamine that is used (generally as the monohydrochloride monohydrate) for the relief of the symptoms of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.		4.0940N-alkylpyrrolidine;
olefinic compound;
pyridines		H1-receptor antagonist
pitavastatin
pitavastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.		3.5920cyclopropanes;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
quinolines;
statin (synthetic)		antioxidant
rosuvastatin calcium
S 4522: structure in first source		2.0810N-acyl-15-methylhexadecasphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine;
organic calcium salt		anti-inflammatory agent;
cardioprotective agent;
CETP inhibitor
terbinafine hydrochloride
terbinafine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of terbinafine with one molar equivalent of hydrogen chloride.		2.0810allylamine antifungal drug;
hydrochloride		EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor
cis-flupenthixol dihydrochloride
cis-flupenthixol dihydrochloride : The dihydrochloride salt of cis-flupenthixol.		2.0510hydrochloridegeroprotector
ethamolin
monoethanolamine oleate: used for treatment of pyogenic granuloma		3.2310long-chain fatty acid
betamethasone benzoate
[no description available]		2.021021-hydroxy steroid
alatrofloxacin mesylate
[no description available]		3.5920
homatropine
[no description available]		2.0710tropane alkaloid
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal: cytotoxic product from peroxidation of liver microsomal lipids; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 4-hydroxynon-2-enal : An enal consisting of non-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position and a hydroxy group at the 4-position.. 4-hydroxynonenal : A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is nonanal that has undergone dehydrogenation to introduce a double bond at any position in the aliphatic chain and in which a hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.		2.13104-hydroxynon-2-enal;
4-hydroxynonenal
codeine
[no description available]		4.86100morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antitussive;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
opioid analgesic;
opioid receptor agonist;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
cyclosporine
ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF		5.61130homodetic cyclic peptideanti-asthmatic drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antirheumatic drug;
carcinogenic agent;
dermatologic drug;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
metabolite
phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620organic molecular entity
phenylephrine hydrochloride
Nose: A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.. phenylephrine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of phenylephrine.		2.4920hydrochloride
natamycin
[no description available]		2.7530antibiotic antifungal drug;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyene antibiotic		antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial food preservative;
apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite;
ophthalmology drug
acitretin
Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.. acitretin : A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9.		4.4260acitretin;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
retinoid		keratolytic drug
acrivastine
acrivastine: a second generation antihistamine. acrivastine : A member of the class of pyridines that is (pyridin-2-yl)acrylic acid substituted at position 6 by a [(1E)-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl group. It is a non-sedating antihistamine used for treatment of hayfever, urticaria, and rhinitis.		210alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
N-alkylpyrrolidine;
olefinic compound;
pyridines		H1-receptor antagonist
cloprednol
cloprednol: relative anti-inflammatory potency twice prednisolone; synthetic glucocorticoid; structure		2.041021-hydroxy steroid
cyproterone
Cyproterone: An anti-androgen that, in the form of its acetate (CYPROTERONE ACETATE), also has progestational properties. It is used in the treatment of hypersexuality in males, as a palliative in prostatic carcinoma, and, in combination with estrogen, for the therapy of severe acne and hirsutism in females.		2.462017alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		androgen antagonist
dihydrocodeine
dihydrocodeine: RN refers to parent cpd(5alpha,6alpha)-isomer		2.110morphinane alkaloid
dorzolamide
dorzolamide: topically effective ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; RN refers to mono-HCl (4S-trans)-isomer. dorzolamide : 5,6-Dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide 7,7-dioxide in which hydrogens at the 4 and 6 positions are substituted by ethylamino and methyl groups, respectively (4S, trans-configuration). A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it is used as the hydrochloride in ophthalmic solutions to lower increased intraocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.		2.0210sulfonamide;
thiophenes		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
dothiepin
[no description available]		2.0510dothiepin
estropipate
estropipate: used therapeutically in menopausal patients		3.5820piperazinium salt;
steroid sulfate
hydrocodone
Hydrocodone: Narcotic analgesic related to CODEINE, but more potent and more addicting by weight. It is used also as cough suppressant.. hydrocodone : A morphinane-like compound that is a semi-synthetic opioid synthesized from codeine.		2.0710morphinane-like compound;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antitussive;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
hydromorphone
Hydromorphone: An opioid analgesic made from MORPHINE and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine.. hydromorphone : A morphinane alkaloid that is a hydrogenated ketone derivative of morphine. A semi-synthetic drug, it is a centrally acting pain medication of the opioid class.		4.2550morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
hydroxystilbamidine
hydroxystilbamidine: minor descriptor (63-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search STILBAMIDINES (66-86); RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0410
levetiracetam
Levetiracetam: A pyrrolidinone and acetamide derivative that is used primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES and some movement disorders, and as a nootropic agent.. levetiracetam : A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.		4.2750pyrrolidin-2-onesanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
ly 163892
loracarbef: 1-carbacephem antibiotic; has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity; structure given in first source; carbacephems differ from cephalosporins in the substitution of a sulfur atom in the dihydrothiazine ring with a methylene group to form a tetrahydropyridine ring. loracarbef : A synthetic "carba" analogue of cefaclor, with carbon replacing sulfur at position 1. Used to treat a wide range of infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.		4.2550carbacephem;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
meprednisone
[no description available]		2.041021-hydroxy steroid
nabilone
nabilone: cannabinol deriv; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		3.2310
nalmefene
nalmefene: RN given refers to 5-alpha isomer		3.360morphinane alkaloid
nalorphine
Nalorphine: A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete.		2.0510morphinane alkaloid
naloxone
Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.		4.7790morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist
oxycodone
Oxycodone: A semisynthetic derivative of CODEINE.. oxycodone : A semisynthetic opioid of formula C18H21NO4 that is derived from thebaine. It is a moderately potent opioid analgesic, generally used for relief of moderate to severe pain.		11.0581organic heteropentacyclic compound;
semisynthetic derivative		antitussive;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
oxymorphone
Oxymorphone: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)		4.4160morphinane alkaloid
vitamin k 1
Vitamin K 1: A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.. phylloquinone : A member of the class of phylloquinones that consists of 1,4-naphthoquinone having methyl and phytyl groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively. The parent of the class of phylloquinones.		3.2310phylloquinones;
vitamin K		cofactor;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
acepreval
acepreval: topical steroid used for skin disease therapy		2.0410corticosteroid hormone
proscillaridin
Proscillaridin: A cardiotonic glycoside isolated from Scilla maritima var. alba (Squill).		2.4420organic molecular entity
sirolimus
Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.		4.0840antibiotic antifungal drug;
cyclic acetal;
cyclic ketone;
ether;
macrolide lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol		antibacterial drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
mTOR inhibitor
topiramate
Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.. topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine.		4.7690cyclic ketal;
ketohexose derivative;
sulfamate ester		anticonvulsant;
sodium channel blocker
trospium chloride
trospium chloride : An organic chloride salt of trospium. It is an antispasmodic drug used for the treatment of overactive bladder.		3.2310
alvocidib
alvocidib: structure given in first source. alvocidib : A synthetic dihydroxyflavone that is 5,7-dihydroxyflavone which is substituted by a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group at position 8 and by a chlorine at the 2' position (the (-)-3S,4R stereoisomer). A cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor, it has been studied for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, arthritis and atherosclerotic plaque formation.		2.4520dihydroxyflavone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
seocalcitol
seocalcitol: structure given in first source		2.0510
fenretinide
Fenretinide: A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.. 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide : A retinoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of all-trans retinoic acid and the anilino group of 4-hydroxyaniline. Synthetic retinoid agonist. Antiproliferative, antioxidant and anticancer agent with a long half-life in vivo. Apoptotic effects appear to be mediated by a mechanism distinct from that of 'classical' retinoids.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid amide;
retinoid		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant
geldanamycin
[no description available]		2.05101,4-benzoquinones;
ansamycin;
carbamate ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
cysteine protease inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor
calcipotriene
[no description available]		2.0210cyclopropanes;
hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-cholestane;
secondary alcohol;
triol		antipsoriatic;
drug allergen
morphine
Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.		4.94110morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		anaesthetic;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
demycarosylturimycin h
[no description available]		3.8930
ar c67085mx
PSB-0413: a selective antagonist radioligand for platelet P2Y12 receptors		2.0710
acipimox
acipimox: lipolysis inhibitor		2.0810pyrazinecarboxylic acid
atosiban
[no description available]		2.0810oligopeptide
benzphetamine
Benzphetamine: A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It is used in the treatment of obesity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1222). benzphetamine : Dextroamphetamine in which the the hydrogens attached to the amino group are substituted by a methyl and a benzyl group. A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to dextroamphetamine, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the treatment of obesity.		3.2310amphetamines;
tertiary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
appetite depressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
sympathomimetic agent
bimatoprost
Bimatoprost: A cloprostenol-derived amide that is used as an ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT in the treatment of OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.		2.0810monocarboxylic acid amideantiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent
cicaprost
cicaprost: RN given refers to (3aS-(2E,3aalpha,4alpha(3R*,4R*),5beta,6aalpha))-isomer		2.0410monoterpenoid
clobetasol
Clobetasol: A derivative of PREDNISOLONE with high glucocorticoid activity and low mineralocorticoid activity. Absorbed through the skin faster than FLUOCINONIDE, it is used topically in treatment of PSORIASIS but may cause marked adrenocortical suppression.. clobetasol : A 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid that is 16beta-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione bearing hydroxy groups at the 11beta and 17alpha positions, fluorine at position 9, and a chlorine substituent at position 21. It is used as its 17alpha-propionate ester to treat various skin disorders, including exzema and psoriasis.		2.021011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
SMO receptor agonist
deamino arginine vasopressin
Deamino Arginine Vasopressin: A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VASOPRESSIN receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating FACTOR VIII and VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.		3.2310heterodetic cyclic peptidediagnostic agent;
renal agent;
vasopressin receptor agonist
desoximetasone
Desoximetasone: A topical anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in DERMATOSES, skin allergies, PSORIASIS, etc.. desoximetasone : Dexamethasone in which the hydroxy group at the 17alpha position is substituted by hydrogen. A synthetic corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic in the treatment of various skin disorders, including skin allergies and psoriasis.		2.071011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antipruritic drug
dexmedetomidine
[no description available]		3.5820medetomidinealpha-adrenergic agonist;
analgesic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sedative
fluticasone
Fluticasone: A STEROID with GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR activity that is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA; ALLERGIC RHINITIS, and ATOPIC DERMATITIS.. fluticasone : A trifluorinated corticosteroid used in the form of its propionate ester for treatment of allergic rhinitis.		2.432011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
corticosteroid;
fluorinated steroid;
thioester		anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug
goserelin
Goserelin: A synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. Goserelin is used in treatments of malignant NEOPLASMS of the prostate, uterine fibromas, and metastatic breast cancer.		3.2310organic molecular entity
halobetasol
halobetasol: used in ointment to treat psoriasis; Ulobetasol cream contains 0.05% 6-fluoroclobetasol 17-propionate		2.0210corticosteroid hormone
iloprost
Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.. iloprost : A carbobicyclic compound that is prostaglandin I2 in which the endocyclic oxygen is replaced by a methylene group and in which the (1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl side chain is replaced by a (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl group. A synthetic analogue of prostacyclin, it is used as the trometamol salt (generally by intravenous infusion) for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension.		2.4520carbobicyclic compound;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol		platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
latanoprost
Latanoprost: A prostaglandin F analog used to treat OCULAR HYPERTENSION in patients with GLAUCOMA.. latanoprost : A prostaglandin Falpha that is the isopropyl ester prodrug of latanoprost free acid. Used in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.		2.4520isopropyl ester;
prostaglandins Falpha;
triol		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor;
prodrug
nalbuphine
Nalbuphine: A narcotic used as a pain medication. It appears to be an agonist at KAPPA RECEPTORS and an antagonist or partial agonist at MU RECEPTORS.		4.460organic heteropentacyclic compoundmu-opioid receptor antagonist;
opioid analgesic
nateglinide
Nateglinide: A phenylalanine and cyclohexane derivative that acts as a hypoglycemic agent by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. It is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES.. nateglinide : An N-acyl-D-phenylalanine resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of D-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid. An orally-administered, rapidly-absorbed, short-acting insulinotropic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		4.4260phenylalanine derivative
rimexolone
[no description available]		2.021020-oxo steroid
sb 223412
SB 223412: SB-223412 is the (S)-(-)-isomer; RN given for (S)-isomer; structure in first source		2.0710
vinorelbine
[no description available]		4.2550acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
ring assembly;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
silodosin
silodosin: an alpha(1a)-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist; structure given in first source		3.2310indolecarboxamide
decaprenoic acid
decaprenoic acid: synthetic isoprenoid; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source		2.610monoterpenoid
icaritin
icaritin: structure in first source		2.1510
furazolidone
[no description available]		2.7530
fluvoxamine
Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.		4.6680(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
casein kinase ii
Casein Kinase II: A ubiquitous casein kinase that is comprised of two distinct catalytic subunits and dimeric regulatory subunit. Casein kinase II has been shown to phosphorylate a large number of substrates, many of which are proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression.		3.4110
semaxinib
semaxanib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group.		2.0510olefinic compound;
oxindoles;
pyrroles		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
orantinib
orantinib: an antiangiogenic agent. orantinib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is substituted by a 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrrol-3-yl group. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1.		2.0510
su 11248
[no description available]		4.1140monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrroles		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
neuroprotective agent;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
nifuroxazide
nifuroxazide: structure		2.110benzoic acids
stilbamidine
stilbamidine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.4520
romidepsin
depsipeptide : A natural or synthetic compound having a sequence of amino and hydroxy carboxylic acid residues (usually alpha-amino and alpha-hydroxy acids), commonly but not necessarily regularly alternating.		2.0410cyclodepsipeptide;
heterocyclic antibiotic;
organic disulfide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
lead
Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.		7.5520carbon group element atom;
elemental lead;
metal atom		neurotoxin
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is N-isopropylindole which is substituted at position 3 by a p-fluorophenyl group and at position 2 by a 6-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxyhex-1-en-1-yl group. It has four possible diastereoisomers.		4.7690dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
indoles;
organofluorine compound
molsidomine
[no description available]		2.4720ethyl ester;
morpholines;
oxadiazole;
zwitterion		antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
oxiconazole
oxiconazole: RN given refers to parent cpd(Z)-isomer; structure given in first source. oxiconazole : An oxime O-ether that is the 2,4-dichlorobenzyl ether of the oxime obtained by formal condensation of hydroxylamine with the carbonyl group of acetopnenone in which the phenyl group is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 4, and in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a 1H-imidazol-1-yl group. An antifungal agent, it is used (generally as the nitrate salt) in creams and powders for the topical treatment of fungal skin infections.		2.0210conazole antifungal drug;
dichlorobenzene;
imidazole antifungal drug;
imidazoles;
oxime O-ether		antiinfective agent
octylmethoxycinnamate
[no description available]		2.4620cinnamate ester
codeine phosphate
[no description available]		2.110
aluminum
Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98.		2.2510boron group element atom;
elemental aluminium;
metal atom
levorphanol
Levorphanol: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.		3.2310morphinane alkaloid
strontium
Strontium: An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62.		2.1310alkaline earth metal atom
bismuth
Bismuth: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Bi, and atomic number 83. Its principal isotope is Bismuth 209.		17.37523metal atom;
pnictogen
dihydromorphine
Dihydromorphine: A semisynthetic analgesic used in the study of narcotic receptors.		2.110morphinane alkaloid
thallium
Thallium: A heavy, bluish white metal, atomic number 81, atomic weight [204.382; 204.385], symbol Tl.. thallium : A metallic element first identified and named from the brilliant green line in its flame spectrum (from Greek thetaalphalambdalambdaomicronsigma, a green shoot).		2.0510boron group element atom
indium
Indium: A metallic element, atomic number 49, atomic weight 114.818, symbol In. It is named from its blue line in the spectrum.. indium atom : A metallic element first identified and named from the brilliant indigo (Latin indicum) blue line in its flame spectrum.		7.610boron group element atom
naltrexone
Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence.		4.6580cyclopropanes;
morphinane-like compound;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
environmental contaminant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
morphine-6-glucuronide
morphine-6-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer		2.9740morphinane alkaloid
dextromethorphan
Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.		3.89306-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthreneantitussive;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
oneirogen;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
butorphanol
Butorphanol: A synthetic morphinan analgesic with narcotic antagonist action. It is used in the management of severe pain.. butorphanol : Levorphanol in which a hydrogen at position 14 of the morphinan skeleton is substituted by hydroxy and one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl. A semi-synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic, it is used as its (S,S)-tartaric acid salt for relief or moderate to severe pain.		4.6680morphinane alkaloidantitussive;
kappa-opioid receptor agonist;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
cefodizime
cefodizime: RN given refers to (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefodizime : A cephalosporin compound having 5-(carboxymethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively.		2.04101,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor
methylnaltrexone
methylnaltrexone: RN given refers to parent cpd(5alpha)-isomer		2.0410phenanthrenes
cefixime
[no description available]		5.68140cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
lisinopril
Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		4.7690dipeptideEC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
benazepril
benazepril: structure given in first source. benazepril : A benzazepine that is benazeprilat in which the carboxy group of the 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid moiety has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester. It is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a prodrug for the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazeprilat in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.		4.0740benzazepine;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
lactam		EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
ramipril
Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.		4.0840azabicycloalkane;
cyclopentapyrrole;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester		bradykinin receptor B2 agonist;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor;
prodrug
verteporfin
(2R,2(1)S)-8-ethenyl-2(1),2(2)-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-17-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13-propanoic acid : The 2(1),2(2),17-trimethyl ester of (2R,2(1)S)-2(1),2(2)-dicarboxy-8-ethenyl-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13,17-dipropanoic acid.		3.2310
indinavir sulfate
Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.		4.6680dicarboxylic acid diamide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
piperazinecarboxamide		HIV protease inhibitor
sulfur
Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.		2.2110chalcogen;
nonmetal atom		macronutrient
zimeldine
Zimeldine: One of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS formerly used for depression but was withdrawn worldwide in September 1983 because of the risk of GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME associated with its use. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p385)		4.0840styrenes
bedaquiline
bedaquiline: a diarylquinoline Antitubercular Agent. bedaquiline : A quinoline-based antimycobacterial drug used (as its fumarate salt) for the treatment of pulmonary multi-drug resistant tuberculosis by inhibition of ATP synthase, an enzyme essential for the replication of the mycobacteria.		6.8380aromatic ether;
naphthalenes;
organobromine compound;
quinolines;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antitubercular agent;
ATP synthase inhibitor
enalapril maleate
enalapril maleate : The maleic acid salt of enalapril. It contains one molecule of maleic acid for each molecule of enalapril. Following oral administration, the ethyl ester group of enalapril is hydrolysed to afford the corresponding carboxylic acid, enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Enalapril is thus a prodrug for enalaprilat (which, unlike enalapril, is not absorbed by mouth), and its maleate is used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients.		2.0810maleate saltantihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
enalapril
Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).		5.2890dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
prodrug
vinblastine sulfate
[no description available]		2.4620
nitrofurazone
Nitrofurazone: A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial WOUNDS AND INJURIES and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of TRYPANOSOMIASIS.. nitrofurazone : A semicarbazone resulting from the formal condensation of semicarbazide with 5-nitrofuraldehyde. A broad spectrum antibacterial drug, although with little activity against Pseudomonas species, it is used as a local application for burns, ulcers, wounds and skin infections.		2.0510
trientine hydrochloride
[no description available]		3.8630
artocarpin lectin
artocarpin lectin: a mannose-specific lectin; from the seeds of Artocarpus integrifolia; a homotetramic protein distinct from jacalin, another jackfruit lectin; MW 65 kDa; devoid of covalently-attached carbohydrates; consists of 4 isolectins with pI 5 - 6.5; do not confuse with artocarpin flavone. artocarpin : A trihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 2', and 4', a methoxy group at position 7, a prenyl group at position 3 and a (1E)-3-methylbut-1-enyl group at position 6. Isolated from Artocarpus heterophyllus and Artocarpus integrifolia, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.		2.4110monomethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
n-methylscopolamine bromide
scopolamine methobromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of scopolamine with methyl bromide.		3.2310
bleomycin
[no description available]		3.5920bleomycinantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
cysteine
Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.		7.9430cysteiniumfundamental metabolite
silicon
Silicon: A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086].		7.2510carbon group element atom;
metalloid atom;
nonmetal atom
phosphorus
Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.		2.2110monoatomic phosphorus;
nonmetal atom;
pnictogen		macronutrient
boron
Boron: A trace element with the atomic symbol B, atomic number 5, and atomic weight [10.806; 10.821]. Boron-10, an isotope of boron, is used as a neutron absorber in BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY.		2.6120boron group element atom;
metalloid atom;
nonmetal atom		micronutrient
heroin
Heroin: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is a controlled substance (opium derivative) listed in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 Parts 329.1, 1308.11 (1987). Sale is forbidden in the United States by Federal statute. (Merck Index, 11th ed). heroin : A morphinane alkaloid that is morphine bearing two acetyl substituents on the O-3 and O-6 positions. As with other opioids, heroin is used as both an analgesic and a recreational drug. Frequent and regular administration is associated with tolerance and physical dependence, which may develop into addiction. Its use includes treatment for acute pain, such as in severe physical trauma, myocardial infarction, post-surgical pain, and chronic pain, including end-stage cancer and other terminal illnesses.		2.110morphinane alkaloidmu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
prodrug
dextromethorphan hydrobromide
dextromethorphan hydrobromide : The hydrobromide and monohydrate of the antitussive drug dextromethorphan.		2.4620hydrate;
hydrobromide
indinavir sulfate
[no description available]		2.0510azaheterocycle sulfate salt
enalaprilat anhydrous
Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate.		4.6780dicarboxylic acid;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
normorphine
normorphine: RN given refers to (5 alpha,6 alpha)-isomer		2.110morphinane alkaloid
imidapril
imidapril: structure given in first source. imidapril : A member of the class of imidazolidines that is (4S)-1-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the imidazolidine nitrogen has been substituted by (1S)-1-{[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino}ethyl group. It is the prodrug for imidaprilat, an ACE inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic heart failure.		2.0510dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester;
imidazolidines;
N-acylurea;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
cefquinome
cefquinome: broad spectrum antibiotic; RN given refers to (6R(6alpha,7beta(Z)-isomer); structure given in first source		2.0510
sulindac sulfone
sulindac sulfone: inhibits K-ras-dependent cyclooxygenase-2; sulfated analog of indomethacin;; CP248 is an antineoplastic agent that fosters microtubule depolymerization; structure in first source. sulindac sulfone : A sulfone metabolite of sulindac that inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase inhibition. It inhibits the development and induces regression of premalignant adenomatous polyps. Lipoxygenase and Cox-2 inhibitor.		2.0510monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfone		apoptosis inducer;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
ximelagatran
ximelagatran: prodrug (via hydroxylation) of melagatran & a direct thrombin inhibitor; liver toxicity concerns so AZD0837 being developed to replace this. ximelagatran : A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage.		3.8630amidoxime;
azetidines;
carboxamide;
ethyl ester;
hydroxylamines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary carboxamide		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
prodrug;
serine protease inhibitor
cefuroxime
[no description available]		5.72503-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin;
furans;
oxime O-ether		drug allergen
ceftriaxone
[no description available]		8.715511,2,4-triazines;
1,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
cefepime
Cefepime: A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including those of the abdomen, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and skin. It is effective against PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA and may also be used in the empiric treatment of FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA.. cefepime : A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		10.43761cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug
hr 810
cefpirome: structure in first source. cefpirome : A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively.		2.7130cephalosporin;
cyclopentapyridine
pafuramidine
pafuramidine: a prodrug of furamidine		3.2310
ceftazidime
[no description available]		10.56631cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
penicillin v
[no description available]		2101,1'-diethyl-2,2'-cyanine;
quinolines
trandolapril
trandolapril : A heterobicylic compound that is (2S,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a (2R)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group. It is a angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug used for the treatment of hypertension.		4.460dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
morphine-3-glucuronide
morphine-3-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer		2.7630morphinane alkaloid
pregabalin
Pregabalin: A gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) derivative that functions as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and is used as an ANTICONVULSANT as well as an ANTI-ANXIETY AGENT. It is also used as an ANALGESIC in the treatment of NEUROPATHIC PAIN and FIBROMYALGIA.. pregabalin : A gamma-amino acid that is gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) carrying an isobutyl substitutent at the beta-position (the S-enantiomer). Binds with high affinity to the alpha2-delta site (an auxiliary subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels) in central nervous system tissues.		3.6120gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
calcium channel blocker
tiotropium
tiotropium : A quaternary ammonium ion obtained by methylation of the tertiary amino group of (1alpha,2beta,4beta,5alpha,7beta)-7-[(hydroxydi-2-thienylacetyl)oxy]-9-methyl-3-oxa-9-azoniatricyclo[3.3.1.0(2,4)]nonane. Used (in the form of the bromide hydrate) for maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.		2.0710
cefetamet
cefetamet: active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae; structure given in first source. cefetamet : A cephalosporin compound having methyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side-groups; a cephalosporin antibiotic active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.		2.7430cephalosporin
alvimopan anhydrous
alvimopan: mu opioid receptor antagonist; intended to treat constipation in patients taking opiates for pain		3.6120peptide
aliskiren
aliskiren: orally active nonpeptidic renin inhibitor. aliskiren : A monomethoxybenzene compound having a 3-methoxypropoxy group at the 2-position and a multi-substituted branched alkyl substituent at the 4-position.		3.2310monocarboxylic acid amide;
monomethoxybenzene		antihypertensive agent
guanabenz acetate
[no description available]		2.0510dichlorobenzenegeroprotector
guanabenz
Guanabenz: An alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist used as an antihypertensive agent.		2.4420dichlorobenzene
1-[4-[4-[[(2R)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1-imidazolylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]-1-piperazinyl]ethanone
[no description available]		2.0110piperazines
famotidine
[no description available]		5.11301,3-thiazoles;
guanidines;
sulfonamide		anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
fenoterol
fenoterol hydrobromide : The hydrobromide salt of fenoterol. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.		2.4620hydrobromidebeta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
sympathomimetic agent
cefotaxime
Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.		11.068131,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
aztreonam
[no description available]		7.24290beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
monobactam		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
nw 1029
Ralfinamide: Sodium Channel Blocker; structure in first source		2.0710
1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine
1,2-dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to (E,E)-isomer; member of a class of cationic lipid formulations called cytofectins		2.110
(R)-citalopram
(R)-citalopram : A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile that has R-configuration at the chiral centre. It is the inactive enantiomer of citalopram.		2.03101-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile
proguanil
Proguanil: A biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.. proguanil : A biguanide compound which has isopropyl and p-chlorophenyl substituents on the terminal N atoms. A prophylactic antimalarial drug, it works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is involved in the reproduction of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax within the red blood cells.		2.0510biguanides;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
cci 15641
[no description available]		3.1350cephalosporin
rifamycin sv
rifamycin SV: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #8009. rifamycin SV : A member of the class of rifamycins that exhibits antibiotic and antitubercular properties.		2.4720acetate ester;
cyclic ketal;
lactam;
macrocycle;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
polyphenol;
rifamycins		antimicrobial agent;
antitubercular agent;
bacterial metabolite
ginkgolide b
[no description available]		2.4520
selenium
Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.		8.5111chalcogen;
nonmetal atom		micronutrient
ceftiofur
[no description available]		2.4420
cefpodoxime
[no description available]		4.460carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
palonosetron
Palonosetron: Isoquinoline and quinuclidine derivative that acts as a 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used in the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy, and for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting.. palonosetron : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is an antiemetic used (as its hydrochloride salt) in combination with netupitant (under the trade name Akynzeo) to treat nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy.		3.5820azabicycloalkane;
delta-lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antiemetic;
serotonergic antagonist
epoprostenol sodium
[no description available]		2.0510prostanoid
tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
tenofovir disoproxil fumarate : A fumarate salt prepared from equimolar amounts of tenofovir disoproxil and fumaric acid. It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.		2.0810fumarate saltantiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
cefatrizine
Cefatrizine: Orally active semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity.. cefatrizine : A cephalosporin compound having (1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-ylsulfanyl)methyl and [(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)]acetamido side-groups. An antibacterial drug first prepared in the 1970s, it has more recently been found to be an inhibitor of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K), which is known to regulate apoptosis, autophagy and ER stress in many types of human cancers.		2.7430amino acid amide;
carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin;
phenols;
semisynthetic derivative;
triazoles		antibacterial drug;
EC 2.7.11.20 (elongation factor 2 kinase) inhibitor
enclomiphene citrate
[no description available]		2.0510
vancomycin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.2510
diphenoxylate hydrochloride
diphenoxylate hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diphenoxylate.		2.4620hydrochlorideantidiarrhoeal drug
eniporide
eniporide: inhibits NHE-1 isoform; structure in first source		2.0410
dexbrompheniramine maleate
dexbrompheniramine maleate : The maleic acid salt of the (pharmacologically active) (S)-(+)-enantiomer of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.		2.0810brompheniramine maleateanti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
cilastatin
[no description available]		8.73123carboxamide;
L-cysteine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organic sulfide		EC 3.4.13.19 (membrane dipeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
protease inhibitor;
xenobiotic
citreoviridin
citreoviridin: formed from Penicillium toxicarium, Penicillium citeoviride; Penicillium ochrosalmoneum on rice during storage		3.31102-pyranones
s 1006
S 1006: structure given in first source. cefcapene : A cephalosporin compound having (carbamoyloxy)methyl and N-[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)pent-2-enoyl]amino side-groups. It is used (generally as the corresponnding pivaloyloxymethyl ester prodrug) as an oral antibacterial.		2.05101,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin;
enamide;
secondary carboxamide		antibacterial drug
nitrocefin
nitrocefin: chromogenic cephalosporin used for detection of beta-lactamase activity; Cefinase is name for nitrocefin on paper disc; RN given refers to (6R-(3(E),6 alpha,7 beta))-isomer; structure for mono-Na salt in second source		2.7430
rifaximin
[no description available]		3.8630acetate ester;
cyclic ketal;
lactam;
macrocycle;
organic heterohexacyclic compound;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative		antimicrobial agent;
gastrointestinal drug;
orphan drug
ergonovine maleate
ergometrine maleate : A maleate salt resulting form the reaction of equimolar amounts of maleic acid and ergometrine. It is used in the active management of the third stage of labour, and to prevent or treat postpartum of postabortal haemorrhage caused by uterine atony: by maintaining uterine contraction and tone, blood vessels in the uterine wall are compressed and blood flow reduced.		2.4620maleate saltdiagnostic agent;
oxytocic
brl 28500
ticarcillin-clavulanic acid: combination of ticarcillin and clavulanic acid; used against gram-negative rods		5.341
cefditoren pivoxil
[no description available]		3.14501,3-thiazoles;
cephams;
oxime O-ether;
pivaloyloxymethyl ester		antibacterial drug;
prodrug
ici d1542
ICI D1542: redirects arachidonic acid metabolism; an inhibitor of thromboxane A2 synthetase and of thromboxane receptors		2.0710
everolimus
[no description available]		3.6120cyclic acetal;
cyclic ketone;
ether;
macrolide lactam;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
mTOR inhibitor
mycophenolic acid glucuronide
[no description available]		2.110
ixabepilone
[no description available]		3.86301,3-thiazoles;
beta-hydroxy ketone;
epoxide;
lactam;
macrocycle		antineoplastic agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent
gavestinel
[no description available]		2.0710
dirithromycin
[no description available]		2.0210macrolide antibioticprodrug
azlocillin
Azlocillin: A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.. azlocillin : A semisynthetic penicillin having a 6beta-{(2R)-2-[(2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl}amino side-group. It is an antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae.		2.7430penicillin allergen;
penicillin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
opc-67683
OPC-67683: an antitubercular agent		8.0542piperidines
panduratin a
panduratin A: isolated from Kaempferia pandurata; structure in first source		2.0510diarylheptanoidmetabolite
verlukast
verlukast: LTD4 receptor antagonist		2.0410
cefpodoxime proxetil
cefpodoxime proxetil: structure given in first source; prodrug for cefpodoxime. cefpodoxime proxetil : The 1-[(isopropoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl (proxetil) ester prodrug of cefpodoxime. After swallowing, hydrolysis of the ester group occurs in the intestinal epithelium, to release active cefpodoxime in the bloodstream. It is used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, and sinusitis.		2.4520carboxylic acid;
carboxylic ester;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug;
prodrug
ceftizoxime
[no description available]		4.9160cephalosporinantibacterial drug
rosaramicin
rosaramicin: RN given refers to parent cpd. rosaramicin : A macrolide antibiotic with activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis.		2.110aldehyde;
enone;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative		bacterial metabolite
1-methyl-d-lysergic acid butanolamide
[no description available]		3.8630ergot alkaloid;
monocarboxylic acid amide		serotonergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
carumonam
carumonam: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,3alpha(Z))-isomer. carumonam : An N-sulfonated monobactam antibiotic.		2.0410monobactamantibacterial drug
fluphenazine
[no description available]		2.0810
dantrolene sodium
dantrolene sodium (anhydrous) : The anhydrous sodium salt of dantrolene.		2.7530
nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.		8.04271imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
nifurtimox
Nifurtimox: A nitrofuran thiazine that has been used against TRYPANOSOMIASIS.		2.0510nitrofuran antibiotic
eritoran
eritoran : A lipid A derivative used for the treatment of severe sepsis.		2.0410lipid As
dantrolene
[no description available]		4.4160
roxithromycin
(E)-roxithromycin : A major geometrical isomer of roxithromycin.		3.0140roxithromycinenvironmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cefdinir
[no description available]		4.7690cephalosporin;
ketoxime		antibacterial drug
etonogestrel
[no description available]		3.231017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
female contraceptive drug;
progestin
bisoprolol, fumarate (1:1) salt
[no description available]		2.0810
artesunate
artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether		2.4620artemisinin derivative;
cyclic acetal;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
hemisuccinate;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
ferroptosis inducer
tipredane
[no description available]		2.07103-hydroxy steroidandrogen
beraprost
beraprost: stable prostacyclin analog; structure given in first source. beraprost : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is (3aS,8bS)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]cyclopenta[d]furan in which the hydrogens at positions 1R, 2R and 5 are replaced by (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl, hydroxy and 3-carboxypropyl groups, respectively. It is a prostaglandin receptor agonist which is approved to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in Asia.		2.0510enyne;
monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
secondary allylic alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antihypertensive agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin receptor agonist;
vasodilator agent
lanreotide
[no description available]		2.0510
etoposide phosphate
[no description available]		2.0810furonaphthodioxole
dexniguldipine
niguldipine: structure given in first source; clinical modulator of multidrug resistance		2.0410diarylmethane
ciclesonide
ciclesonide: nasal spray approved for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis		2.0810organic molecular entity
sitafloxacin
sitafloxacin: structure in first source		9.51282
napsagatran
napsagatran: structure given in first source		2.0410
temsirolimus
[no description available]		3.8730macrolide lactam
dutasteride
Dutasteride: A 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR that is reported to inhibit both type-1 and type2 isoforms of the enzyme and is used to treat BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. dutasteride : An aza-steroid that is inasteride in which the tert-butyl group is replaced by a 2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group. A synthetic 4-azasteroid, dutasteride is a selective inhibitor of both the type 1 and type 2 isoforms of steroid 5alpha-reductase, an intracellular enzyme that converts testosterone to 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone. Dutasteride is used for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia in men with an enlarged prostate gland.		3.8630(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aza-steroid;
delta-lactam		antihyperplasia drug;
EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
tekturna
[no description available]		2.0810fumarate saltantihypertensive agent
retapamulin
retapamulin: a synthetic pleuromutilin		2.4420carbotricyclic compound;
carboxylic ester;
cyclic ketone
lu 208075
ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertension		3.5920diarylmethane
bms188797
[no description available]		2.0410
bibx 1382bs
BIBX 1382BS: an ErbB receptor kinase inhibitor; no further information available 4/2001		3.2310substituted aniline
vildagliptin
[no description available]		2.0810amino acid amide
indacaterol
indacaterol: a beta2 adrenoceptor agonist; indacaterol is the (R)-isomer; structure in first source. indacaterol : A monohydroxyquinoline that consists of 5-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]-8-hydroxyquinolin-2-one having a 5,6-diethylindan-2-yl group attached to the amino function. Used as the maleate salt for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.		3.4711indanes;
monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolone;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent
fesoterodine
fesoterodine: a muscarinic antagonist for treatment of overactive bladder		3.2310diarylmethane
bentiromide
bentiromide: chymotrypsin labile peptide used diagnostically as an index of exocrine pancreas function. bentiromide : The dipeptide obtained by condensation of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine with 4-aminobenzoic acid. Used as a noninvasive screening test for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and to monitor the adequacy of supplemental pancreatic therapy, it is given by mouth: the amount of 4-aminobenzoic acid and its metabolites excreted in the urine is taken as a measure of the chymotrypsin-secreting activity of the pancreas.		2.0710dipeptidediagnostic agent;
indicator;
reagent
phenylalanylphenylalanine
Phe-Phe : A dipeptide formed from two L-phenylalanine residues.		2.110dipeptide;
L-aminoacyl-L-amino acid zwitterion		human blood serum metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
acetylcarnitine
O-acetyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine where the acyl group specified is acetyl. It facilitates movement of acetyl-CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.		2.0510O-acetylcarnitine;
saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine		human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
hypericum
Hypericum: Genus of perennial plants in the family CLUSIACEAE (sometimes classified as Hypericaceae). Herbal and homeopathic preparations are used for depression, neuralgias, and a variety of other conditions. Hypericum contains flavonoids; GLYCOSIDES; mucilage, TANNINS; volatile oils (OILS, ESSENTIAL), hypericin and hyperforin.. 6-formamidopenicillanic acid : A penicillanic acid having a (6R)-formamido substituent.		2.4720penicillanic acids
chlorhexidine
Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge.		5.77102biguanides;
monochlorobenzenes		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent
sgd 301-76
[no description available]		2.0810conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
organic nitrate salt		antiinfective agent
fluvoxamine maleate
[no description available]		2.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
thioacetazone
Thioacetazone: A thiosemicarbazone that is used in association with other antimycobacterial agents in the initial and continuation phases of antituberculosis regimens. Thiacetazone containing regimens are less effective than the short-course regimen recommended by the International Union Against Tuberculosis and are used in some developing countries to reduce drug costs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p217). thiosemicarbazone : A hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with the non-thioacylated nitrogen of thiosemicarbazide or its substituted derivatives.		2.0810
s 1743
Esomeprazole: The S-isomer of omeprazole.. esomeprazole : A 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole that has S configuration at the sulfur atom. An inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, it is used (generally as its sodium or magnesium salt) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.		12.484635magnesium saltanti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
cefmenoxime
Cefmenoxime: A cephalosporin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. It is active against most common gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, is a potent inhibitor of Enterobacteriaceae, and is highly resistant to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases. The drug has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.. cefmenoxime : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, bearing a 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino group at the 7beta-position and a [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl group at the 3-position.		3.1450cephalosporinantibacterial drug
azimilide
azimilide: structure given in first source; RN given refers to dihydrochloride		2.9440imidazolidine-2,4-dione
nifurtoinol
nifurtoinol : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group and at position 3 by a hydroxymethyl group.		2.0510hydrazone;
imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
cefozopran
[no description available]		2.0410cephalosporin;
imidazopyridazine;
thiadiazoles
gemifloxacin
Gemifloxacin: A naphthyridine and fluoroquinolone derivative antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial infections associated with chronic bronchitis.. gemifloxacin : A 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a substituted pyrrolin-1-yl group at the 7-position.		10.395811,8-naphthyridine derivative;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
dexlansoprazole
Dexlansoprazole: The R-isomer of lansoprazole that is used to treat severe GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.		10.2831benzimidazoles;
sulfoxide
gemifloxacin mesylate
gemifloxacin mesylate : The mesylate salt of gemifloxacin.		2.0810methanesulfonate saltantimicrobial agent;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
cefoselis
cefoselis: structure given in first source. cefoselis : A cephalosporin compound having [2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-imino-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]methyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively. A 4th generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin.		3.830
fosinopril
[no description available]		4.7650
armodafinil
armodafinil : A 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide that has R configuration at the sulfur atom. Like its racemate, modafinil, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. Peak concentration in the blood later occurs later following administration than with modafinil, so it is thought that armodafinil may be more effective than modafinil in treating people with excessive daytime sleepiness.		3.23102-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamidecentral nervous system stimulant;
eugeroic
nvp pdf 713
[no description available]		2.4720
tebipenem
tebipenem: an oral carbapenem antibiotic, against penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae; structure in first source		2.4220
utibapril
utibapril: structure given in first source; prodrug for FPL 63547 diacid		2.0710
eflucimibe
eflucimibe: a powerful and systemic acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor		2.0510
amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate combination
Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination: A fixed-ratio combination of amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate.		10.66319
tomopenem
[no description available]		2.9640
norfenfluramine
Dexnorfenfluramine: D-isomer of Norfenfluramine		2.0310amphetamines
au 006
AU 006: structure in first source		3.3911
sincalide
Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.		4.120oligopeptide
tapentadol
Tapentadol: An opioid analgesic, MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, and of pain associated with DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES.		3.2310alkylbenzene
etomoxir
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether
zd 9379
ZD 9379: structure given in first source		2.0710
ly 450139
[no description available]		2.0710peptide
ursodoxicoltaurine
tauroursodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of tauroursodeoxycholic acid arising from deprotonation of the sulfonate OH group; major species at pH 7.3.. tauroursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate derived from ursoodeoxycholic acid.		2.0510bile acid taurine conjugateanti-inflammatory agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
bone density conservation agent;
cardioprotective agent;
human metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
bb-83698
BB-83698: peptide deformylase inhibitor		2.0410
wck 771
WCK 771: structure in first source		2.0210
(S)-nadifloxacin
levonadifloxacin: broad-spectrum anti-MRSA benzoquinolizine quinolone agent		2.4920nadifloxacin
paliperidone palmitate
Paliperidone Palmitate: A benzisoxazole derivative and active metabolite of RISPERIDONE that functions as a DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST. It is an ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. 3-{2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}-2-methyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-9-yl hexadecanoate : A fatty acid ester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of hexadecanoic acid with the hydroxy group of 3-{2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one.. paliperidone palmitate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-paliperidone palmitate. A long-acting injectable formulation of paliperidone (the major active metabolite of risperidone) that is used for treatment of schizophrenia.		2.17101,2-benzoxazoles;
fatty acid ester;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridopyrimidine
ppi-0903
ceftaroline : A cephalosporin that is the active metabolite of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil. Used for the treatment of adults with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections.		3.871101,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
iminium betaine;
organic phosphoramidate;
oxime O-ether;
thiadiazoles		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
prodrug
pentagastrin
Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.		3.5920organic molecular entity
cangrelor
cangrelor: platelet P(2T) receptor antagonist. cangrelor : A nucleoside triphosphate analogue that is 5'-O-[({[dichloro(phosphono)methyl](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]adenosine carrying additional 2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl and (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)sulfanyl substituents at positions N6 and C2 respectively. Used (in the form of its tetrasodium salt) as an intravenous antiplatelet drug that prevents formation of harmful blood clots in the coronary arteries.		2.0710adenosine 5'-phosphate;
aryl sulfide;
nucleoside triphosphate analogue;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
ozenoxacin
ozenoxacin: an antibacterial for treatment of impetigo; structure in first source		8.2350quinolines
mocetinostat
mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).		3.921aminopyrimidine;
benzamides;
pyridines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent
sch 527123
[no description available]		2.0710
abt-770
ABT-770: structure in first source		2.4520
cefditoren
cefditoren: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (6R-(3(Z),6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefditoren : A broad spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with (Z)-2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethenyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. Generally administered as its orally absorbed pivaloyloxymethyl ester prodrug, it is used for the treatment of mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms in acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, and uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections.		3.8230carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
rwj 54428
RWJ 54428: structure in first source		2.0510
rivaroxaban
Rivaroxaban: A morpholine and thiophene derivative that functions as a FACTOR XA INHIBITOR and is used in the treatment and prevention of DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS and PULMONARY EMBOLISM. It is also used for the prevention of STROKE and systemic embolization in patients with non-valvular ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, and for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in patients after an ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. rivaroxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 4-{4-[(5S)-5-(aminomethyl)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]phenyl}morpholin-3-one. An anticoagulant used for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with knee or hip replacement surgery.		2.0810aromatic amide;
lactam;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
morpholines;
organochlorine compound;
oxazolidinone;
thiophenes		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor
zotarolimus
zotarolimus: synthetic analog of rapamycin; structure in first source		2.0410lactam;
macrolide
lipid a
Lipid A: Lipid A is the biologically active component of lipopolysaccharides. It shows strong endotoxic activity and exhibits immunogenic properties.. lipid A : The glycolipid moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (R can be either hydrogen or a fatty acyl group).		2.1110dodecanoate ester;
lipid A;
tetradecanoate ester		Escherichia coli metabolite
molindone hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620indoles
l 084
L 084: an oral carbapenem with a 1-(1,3-thiazolin-2-yl)azetidin-3-ylthio group at the C-2 position; structure in first source		210carbapenems;
pivaloyloxymethyl ester
9-n-(1-propyl)erythromyclamine
9-N-(1-propyl)erythromyclamine: structure given in first source		2.4520
gentamicin sulfate
[no description available]		6.87611
bn 52020
[no description available]		2.4520
hki 272
[no description available]		2.0810nitrile;
quinolines		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
norcodeine
norcodeine: RN given refers to (5 alpha,6 alpha)-isomer. norcodeine : A morphinane-like compound that is the N-demethylated derivative of codeine.		2.110morphinane alkaloid
tofacitinib
tofacitinib : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine substituted at position 4 by an N-methyl,N-(1-cyanoacetyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-yl)amino moiety. Used as its citrate salt to treat moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis.		4.9721N-acylpiperidine;
nitrile;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound		antirheumatic drug;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
2-tert-butylprimaquine
2-tert-butylprimaquine: has anti blood-schizontocidal antimalarial activity; structure in first source		3.2510
zeolites
[no description available]		2.7620
4-n-butyl-1-(4-(2-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-1-butyl)-piperidine hydrogen chloride
[no description available]		2.110
cp 70429
sulopenem: a penem antibiotic		2.0510
linaprazan
linaprazan: structure in first source		2.0710
aluminum oxide
Aluminum Oxide: An oxide of aluminum, occurring in nature as various minerals such as bauxite, corundum, etc. It is used as an adsorbent, desiccating agent, and catalyst, and in the manufacture of dental cements and refractories.		2.4110
isojacareubin
isojacareubin: Isolated from Hypericum japonicum; structure in first source		2.0710
azacosterol
Azacosterol: Diaza derivative of cholesterol which acts as a hypocholesteremic agent by blocking delta-24-reductase, which causes the accumulation of desmosterol.		2.4520
fidaxomicin
Fidaxomicin: A narrow-spectrum macrolide antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of diarrhea associated with CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION.. fidaxomicin : An 18-membered macrolide that is a fermentation product obtained from the Actinomycete Dactylosporangium aurantiacum. A narrow spectrum antibiotic used for treatment of Clostridium difficile-related infections.		2.7830
bismuth tripotassium dicitrate
bismuth tripotassium dicitrate: contains tripotassium di-citratobismuthate used in gastric & duodenal ulcer therapy; do not confuse with colloidal bismuth subnitrate		10.841411
pazopanib
pazopanib: a protein kinase inhibitor. pazopanib : A pyrimidine that is 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl}amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide substituted at position 4 by a (2,3-dimethylindazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of kidney cancer.		3.6120aminopyrimidine;
indazoles;
sulfonamide		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
lecozotan
lecozotan: structure in first source		2.0710
azd 6244
AZD 6244: a MEK inhibitor		2.0510benzimidazoles;
bromobenzenes;
hydroxamic acid ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor
prasugrel hydrochloride
Prasugrel Hydrochloride: A piperazine derivative and PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITOR that is used to prevent THROMBOSIS in patients with ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; UNSTABLE ANGINA and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, as well as in those undergoing PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS.. prasugrel hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-prasugrel hydrochloride. Used to prevent blood clots in people with acute coronary syndrome who are undergoing a procedure after a recent heart attack or stroke, and in people with certain disorders of the heart or blood vessels.		3.2310
besifloxacin
[no description available]		2.7830quinolines
ar c155858
AR C155858: an MCT1 inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0710
decanoylcarnitine
decanoylcarnitine: therapeutic agent for diabetic acidosis; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. O-decanoylcarnitine : An O-acylcarnitine compound having decanoyl as the acyl substituent.		2.110decanoate ester;
O-acylcarnitine		human urinary metabolite
me1036
ME1036: structure in first source		2.0410
zabofloxacin
zabofloxacin: a fluoroquinolone antibiotic		2.0310
afn 1252
API 1252: inhibits bacterial enoyl-ACP reductase; structure in first source		2.0510
homatropine methylbromide
homatropine methylbromide: RN given refers to bromide (endo-(+-))-isomer		2.4620
amg 009
AMG 009: an anti-inflammatory agent; structure in first source		2.0810
oxadiazoles
Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms.		2.1310
vinflunine
vinflunine: inhibits tubulin assembly; structure in first source. vinflunine : An organic heteropentacyclic compound and an organic heterotetracyclic compound that is vinorelbine in which the tetrahydropyridine moiety of the heterotetracyclic part of the molecule has been redced to the corresponding piperidine, and in which the ethyl group attached to this ring has been replaced by a 1,1-difluoroethyl group.		2.0510acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
semisynthetic derivative;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent
cefotaxime sodium
[no description available]		2.0810organic sodium salt
baci-im
[no description available]		4.2650homodetic cyclic peptide;
polypeptide;
zwitterion		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent
acebutolol
alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-mannose : An alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha configuration.		2.2510alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose
a26771b
A26771B: produced by Penicillium turbatum; structure		2.1510
6-[[5-fluoro-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyanilino)-4-pyrimidinyl]amino]-2,2-dimethyl-4H-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazin-3-one
[no description available]		2.0710methoxybenzenes;
substituted aniline
radezolid
[no description available]		2.0410
ar-709
[no description available]		2.4420
polymyxin b(1)
[no description available]		2.8220
tedizolid
DA 7157: an anti-infective agent; structure in first source. tedizolid : A member of the class of pyridines that is pyridine which is substituted by a 2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl group at position 2 and by a 2-fluoro-4-[(5R)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]phenyl group at position 5. It is used as its phosphate pro-drug used for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections caused by certain susceptible bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible strains), various Streptococcus species, and Enterococcus faecalis.		8.1240carbamate ester;
organofluorine compound;
oxazolidinone;
primary alcohol;
pyridines;
tetrazoles		antimicrobial agent;
drug metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
bms 477118
[no description available]		3.2310adamantanes;
azabicycloalkane;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile;
tertiary alcohol		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
nystatin a1
Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species.		3.5620nystatins
pd 0305970
[no description available]		2.4420
finafloxacin
finafloxacin : A quinolone that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 1, 6, 7 and 8 by cyclopropyl, fluoro, hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b][1,4]oxazin-6-yl and cyano groups respectively; an antibiotic used for treatment of acute otitis externa (swimmer's ear) caused by the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.		7.8530cyclopropanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
nitrile;
organofluorine compound;
quinolone;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
cytidine diphosphate choline
[no description available]		2.4620nucleotide-(amino alcohol)s;
phosphocholines		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
psychotropic drug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
milnacipran
[no description available]		3.5720acetamides
vindesine
[no description available]		2.4420
cefdinir
Cefdinir: A third-generation oral cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used to treat bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and skin.. cefdinir : A cephalosporin compound having 7beta-2-(2-amino-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[(Z)-hydroxyimino]-acetylamino- and 3-vinyl side groups.		5.0291
ru 66647
telithromycin: a ketolide; semisynthetic derivative of erythromycin with cycling of the C11-12 positions to form a carbamate ring to avoid acquired resistance to macrolides; binds 70S bacterial rRNA, specifically to the 23S part (23S RIBOSOMAL RNA), preventing protein synthesis;		3.96130
losartan potassium
Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.		2.0810
hypoglycin a
hypoglycin: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. hypoglycin A : A diastereoisomeric mixture of (2S,4R)- and (2S,4S)- hypoglycin A, found in the edible part of the fruit of the Ackee, Blighia sapida (where the 2S,4R diastereoisomer is more dominant (17% d.e.) than its 2S,4S counterpart) as well as in the sycamore maple tree (Acer pseudoplatanus).		2.0510L-alpha-amino acid
calcimycin
Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.		210benzoxazole
scopolamine hydrobromide
[no description available]		4.2550
dactolisib
dactolisib: antineoplastic agent that inhibits both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mTOR. dactolisib : An imidazoquinoline that is 3-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline substituted at position 1 by a 4-(1-cyanoisopropyl)phenyl group and at position 8 by a quinolin-3-yl group. A dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor used in cancer treatment.		2.0810imidazoquinoline;
nitrile;
quinolines;
ring assembly;
ureas		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor;
mTOR inhibitor
virginiamycin
Virginiamycin: A cyclic polypeptide antibiotic complex from Streptomyces virginiae, S. loidensis, S. mitakaensis, S. pristina-spiralis, S. ostreogriseus, and others. It consists of 2 major components, VIRGINIAMYCIN FACTOR M1 and virginiamycin Factor S1. It is used to treat infections with gram-positive organisms and as a growth promoter in cattle, swine, and poultry.. virginiamycin : A mixture of cyclic polypeptide streptogramin antibiotics produced by Streptomyces virginiae, S. loidensis, S. mitakaensis, S. pristina-spiralis, S. ostreogriseus, and others. The two major components are virginiamycin M1 (also known as pristinamycin IIA) and virginiamycin S1. Virginiamycin has been widely used as a growth promotion agent in livestock and has been to have bacteriostatic activity against Gram-positive organisms such as staphylococci and streptococci.		4.5490
nemonoxacin
nemonoxacin: has antibacterial activity		8.9884quinolines
pf 03491390
[no description available]		2.0510
chidamide
[no description available]		3.4110benzamides
rifamycins
[no description available]		7.2162
erythrosine
Erythrosine: A tetraiodofluorescein used as a red coloring in some foods (cherries, fish), as a disclosure of DENTAL PLAQUE, and as a stain of some cell types. It has structural similarity to THYROXINE.. erythrosin B : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of 2-(2,4,5,7-tetraiodo-6-oxido-3-oxo-8a,10a-dihydroxanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid.		2.1110
cromolyn sodium
[no description available]		4.7321
rabeprazole sodium
[no description available]		2.0810organic sodium salt
vonoprazan
1-(5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)-N-methylmethanamine: a proton pump inhibitor; structure in first source		3.2510pyrroles
rwj-416457
RWJ-416457: pyrrolopyrazolyl-substituted oxazolidinone; structure in first source		2.0310
ach 702
ACH 702: an anti-tubercular agent; structure in first source		2.4620
amodiaquine hydrochloride
[no description available]		3.1550
clindamycin hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620S-glycosyl compound
azamulin
azamulin: a Cyp3A inhibitor; structure in first source		2.0410
bisaramil
[no description available]		2.0410
bivalirudin
bivalirudin: designed to bind to the alpha-thrombin catalytic site and anion-binding exosite for fibrin(ogen) recognition. bivalirudin : A synthetic peptide of 20 amino acids, comprising D-Phe, Pro, Arg, Pro, Gly, Gly, Gly, Gly, Asn, Gly, Asp, Phe, Glu, Glu, Ile, Pro, Glu, Glu, Tyr, and Leu in sequence. A congener of hirudin (a naturally occurring drug found in the saliva of the medicinal leech), it a specific and reversible inhibitor of thrombin, and is used as an anticoagulant.		3.6120polypeptideanticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor
somatostatin
[no description available]		2.0810heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide hormone
teicoplanin
teicoplanin A2-1 : A teicoplanin A2 that has (4Z)-dec-4-enoyl as the variable N-acyl group.		2.4520
tannins
gallotannin : A class of hydrolysable tannins obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (and its polymeric derivatives) with the hydroxy groups of a monosaccharide (most commonly glucose).		2.0510tannin
enfuvirtide
Enfuvirtide: A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide that corresponds to the heptad repeat sequence of HIV-1 gp41. It blocks HIV cell fusion and viral entry and is used with other anti-retrovirals for combination therapy of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. enfuvirtide : A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide consisting of N-acetyltyrosyl, threonyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, histidyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, seryl, glutaminyl, asparaginyl, glutaminyl, glutaminyl, alpha-glutamyl, lysyl, asparaginyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, leucyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, alpha-aspartyl, lysyl, tryptophyl, alanyl, seryl, leucyl, tryptophyl, asparaginyl, tryptophyl, and phenylalaninamide residues joined in sequence. An HIV fusion inhibitor, it was the first of a novel class of antiretroviral drugs used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It interferes with entry of HIV into cells by binding to the gp41 sub-unit of the viral envelope glycoprotein, so inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes.		3.2310
ganirelix
[no description available]		3.2310polypeptide
pyrrhocoricin protein, pyrrhocoris apterus
pyrrhocoricin protein, Pyrrhocoris apterus: a 20-residue proline-rich peptide carrying an O-glycosylated substitution; from the sap-sucking bug Pyrrhocoris apterus; active against Gram-negative bacteria; amino acid sequence given in first source		2.0510
glucagon
Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence.		2.0310peptide hormone
teriparatide
[no description available]		3.2310polypeptide
forapin
Forapin: used as ointment for treatment of myositis & arthritis; contains bee venom, salicylate, nicotinate & vanillylnonamide		5.0150peptidyl amide;
polypeptide		animal metabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
venom
salmon calcitonin
[no description available]		3.2310heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide hormone;
polypeptide		bone density conservation agent;
metabolite
tannins
Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing.		2.0510
ly-146032
[no description available]		6.05210heterodetic cyclic peptide;
lipopeptide antibiotic;
lipopeptide;
macrocycle;
macrolide		antibacterial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
calcium-dependent antibiotics
dalbavancin
[no description available]		2.4520carbohydrate acid derivative;
glycopeptide;
monosaccharide derivative;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
glucagon-like peptide 1
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: A peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. GLP-1(1-37 or 1-36) is further N-terminally truncated resulting in GLP-1(7-37) or GLP-1-(7-36) which can be amidated. These GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake.		2.0710
acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ilys-prolyl-alaninamide
acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ILys-prolyl-alaninamide: FE-200486 is the acetate salt		3.2310polypeptide
oritavancin
oritavancin : A semisynthetic glycopeptide used (as its bisphosphate salt) for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections caused or suspected to be caused by susceptible isolates of designated Gram-positive microorganisms including MRSA.		2.0510disaccharide derivative;
glycopeptide;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
exenatide
[no description available]		3.2310
warfarin sodium
warfarin sodium : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin sodium. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.		2.0810
cellulose
DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.		8.0140glycoside
quinine sulfate
[no description available]		2.4620hydrate
phosphatidylcholines
Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.		2.13101,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll: Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.. chlorophyll : A family of magnesium porphyrins, defined by the presence of a fifth ring beyond the four pyrrole-like rings. The rings can have various side chains which usually include a long phytol chain.		3.0640chlorophyll;
methyl ester		cofactor
bismuth subsalicylate
bismuth subsalicylate: bismuth subsalicylate is the active ingredient of Pepto-Bismol and in Kaopectate; used to treat nausea, heartburn, indigestion, upset stomach, diarrhea and other temporary discomforts of the stomach; used with Azoles and other drugs to treat Helicobacter. bismuth subsalicylate : A bismuth salt of salicylic acid.		7.4243
azd 7545
AZD 7545: an anilide tertiary carbinol; a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 inhibitor. AZD7545 : A sulfone that is benzene substituted by [4-(dimethylcarbamoyl)phenyl]sulfonyl, chloro and [(2R)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl]amino groups at positions 1, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a potent and non-ATP-competitive inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDHK2) with IC50 of 6.4 nM and exhibits glucose-lowering activity. Also inhibits PDHK1 at higher levels (IC50 = 36.8 nM).		2.0710benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
secondary carboxamide;
sulfone;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary carboxamide		EC 2.7.11.2 - [pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
pravastatin sodium
pravastatin sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of pravastatin. A reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA), it is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.		2.0810organic sodium salt;
statin (semi-synthetic)		anticholesteremic drug
alendronate sodium
[no description available]		2.0810
gdc 0941
pictrelisib : A sulfonamide composed of indazole, morpholine, and methylsulfonyl-substituted piperazine rings bound to a thienopyrimidine ring.		3.4110indazoles;
morpholines;
piperazines;
sulfonamide;
thienopyrimidine		EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
cilastatin, imipenem drug combination
Cilastatin, Imipenem Drug Combination: Combination of imipenem and cilastatin that is used in the treatment of bacterial infections; cilastatin inhibits renal dehydropeptidase I to prolong the half-life and increase the tissue penetration of imipenem, enhancing its efficacy as an anti-bacterial agent.		7.2292
sl 80.0750
[no description available]		2.0810
cefotiam hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620
chitosan
[no description available]		7.34281
8-hydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid
8-hydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid: antimicrobial compound from the Australian desert plant Eremophila neglecta; structure in first source		2.1110
mesna
Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.		4.0840organosulfonic acid
sodium houttuyfonate
sodium houttuyfonate: structure in first source		7.4620
potassium aminobenzoate
[no description available]		2.4620
ampicillin sodium
[no description available]		2.0510organic sodium salt
cerivastatin sodium
cerivastatin sodium : The sodium salt of cerivastatin. Formerly used to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.		2.0510organic sodium salt;
statin (synthetic)
clavulanate potassium
potassium clavulanate : A potassium salt having clavulanate as the counterion. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes and has only weak anitbiotic activity when administered alone. However it can be used in combination with amoxicillin trihydrate (under the trade name Augmentin) for treatment of a variety of bacterial infections, where it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamases.		2.4820potassium saltantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
cefamandole nafate
[no description available]		2.0210organic sodium saltantibacterial drug;
prodrug
cytomel
liothyronine sodium : The sodium salt of liothyronine. Thought to be more active than levothyroxine and with a rapid (few hours) onset and short duration of action, liothyronine sodium is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism, particularly in cases of hypothyroid coma.		2.0710organic sodium salt
taurocholic acid, monosodium salt
[no description available]		3.1510bile salt
sodium lactate
Sodium Lactate: The sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic acid. It is a hygroscopic agent used intravenously as a systemic and urinary alkalizer.. sodium lactate : An organic sodium salt having lactate as the counterion.		3.2310lactate salt;
organic sodium salt		food acidity regulator;
food preservative
piperacillin sodium
[no description available]		2.0810organic sodium salt
monensin
[no description available]		2.0510
sodium iothalamate
[no description available]		3.2310
methicillin sodium
[no description available]		2.4620organic sodium salt
nafcillin sodium
[no description available]		2.4620organic sodium salt
oxacillin sodium
[no description available]		2.4720organic sodium salt
penicillin g sodium
[no description available]		2.7830organic sodium salt
cefamandole nafate
cefamandole sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of cefamandole.		2.4620organic sodium saltantibacterial drug
sodium diatrizoate
histopaque: used for separating mononuclear & other cells. sodium amidotrizoate : The sodium salt of a benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, often as a mixture with the meglumine salt, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.		2.0510organic sodium salt;
organoiodine compound		radioopaque medium
cephapirin sodium
cephapirin sodium : The sodium salt of cephapirin. A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, it is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. Being more resistant to beta-lactamases than penicillins, it is effective agains most staphylococci, though not methicillin-resistant staphylococci.		2.4620cephalosporin;
organic sodium salt		antibacterial drug
sodium cephalothin
[no description available]		2.4620organic sodium salt
cefazolin sodium
cefazolin sodium : A cephalosporin organic sodium salt having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups.		2.0810organic sodium salt
dicloxacillin sodium
[no description available]		2.4620hydrate
sodium glutamate
Sodium Glutamate: One of the FLAVORING AGENTS used to impart a meat-like flavor.. monosodium glutamate : An organic sodium salt that is the monosodium salt of glutamic acid.		4.5711monosodium glutamateflavouring agent
ro13-9904
Ceftriaxone: A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic and cefotaxime derivative with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.. ceftriaxone : A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups.		13.448419
azlocillin sodium
[no description available]		2.7630organic sodium salt
piperacillin, tazobactam drug combination
Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination: An antibiotic combination product of piperacillin and tazobactam, a penicillanic acid derivative with enhanced beta-lactamase inhibitory activity, that is used for the intravenous treatment of intra-abdominal, pelvic, and skin infections and for community-acquired pneumonia of moderate severity. It is also used for the treatment of PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA INFECTIONS.		8.02231
phenolphthalein glucuronide
phenolphthalein glucuronide: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.110
quinupristin
quinupristin: component of RP 59500; structure in first source		2.4220cyclodepsipeptide
quinupristin-dalfopristin
quinupristin-dalfopristin: RP 59500 is a combination of RP 57669 & RP 54476, which are water soluble derivatives of pristinamycin IA & pristinamycin IIB, respectively		4.3170organic molecular entity
cudc 101
7-(4-(3-ethynylphenylamino)-7-methoxyquinazolin-6-yloxy)-N-hydroxyheptanamide: a histone deacetylase inhibitor; structure in first source		3.4110
antofloxacin
antofloxacin: antibiotic; 8-amino derivative of levofloxacin; structure in first source		6.55105
ethyl cellulose
[no description available]		2.0610glycoside
cardiovascular agents
Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.		3.411
cetrorelix
cetrorelix: LHRH antagonist. cetrorelix : A synthetic ten-membered oligopeptide comprising N-acetyl-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-D-alanyl, 4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl, 3-(pyridin-3-yl)-D-alanyl, L-seryl, L-tyrosyl, N(5)-carbamoyl-D-ornithyl, L-leucyl, L-arginyl, L-prolyl, and D-alaninamide residues coupled in sequence. A gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, it is used for treatment of infertility and of hormone-sensitive cancers of the prostate and breast.		3.5820oligopeptideantineoplastic agent;
GnRH antagonist
mannans
[no description available]		2.2110
cem 101
solithromycin: an antibacterial fluoroketolide; structure in first source		4.3911
achn 490
plazomicin: structure in first source		4.4811
a 967079
A 967079: a TRPA1 channel antagonist; structure in first source		2.0710
piperidines
Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.		4.9721
pht 427
4-dodecyl-N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source		2.0710
interleukin-8
Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.		4.3541
phillyrin
[no description available]		2.0710
colistin
Colistin: Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C) which act as detergents on cell membranes. Colistin is less toxic than Polymyxin B, but otherwise similar; the methanesulfonate is used orally.. colistin : A multi-component mixture comprising mostly of colistin A (R = Me) and B (R = H), with small amounts of colistin C and other polymyxins, produced by certain strains of Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus. An antibiotic, it is used as its sulfate salt (for oral or topical use) or as the sodium salt of the N-methylsulfonic acid derivative (the injectable form) in the treatment of severe Gram-negative infections, partiularly those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.		7.22261
exenatide
Exenatide: A synthetic form of exendin-4, a 39-amino acid peptide isolated from the venom of the Gila monster lizard (Heloderma suspectum). Exenatide increases CYCLIC AMP levels in pancreatic acinar cells and acts as a GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR (GLP-1) agonist and incretin mimetic, enhancing insulin secretion in response to increased glucose levels; it also suppresses inappropriate glucagon secretion and slows gastric emptying. It is used an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity agent.		2.0710
abemaciclib
[no description available]		3.4110
n-((5-(methanesulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-methyl-5-(1-methyl-1h-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-oxo-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide
N-((5-(methanesulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-methyl-5-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-oxo-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide: structure in first source		6.833
glpg0634
[no description available]		4.5711
fr 264205
ceftolozane: cephalosporin anti-bacterial agent with enhanced activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ceftolozane : A fifth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having (5-amino-4-{[(2-aminoethyl)carbamoyl]amino}-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-2-ium-2-yl)methyl and [(2Z)-2-(5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-2-{[(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy]imino}acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively; developed for the treatment of infections with gram-negative bacteria that have become resistant to conventional antibiotics.		5.8922
gsk1322322
GSK1322322: inhibits peptide deformylase; structure in first source		2.5220
acy-1215
ricolinostat: an HDAC6 inhibitor; structure in first source		3.4110pyrimidinecarboxylic acid
cefteram
cefteram: structure given in first source. cefteram : A cephalosporin compound having (5-methyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)methyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side-groups; a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.		210
ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.		4.4360ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
raltegravir
[no description available]		3.23101,2,4-oxadiazole;
dicarboxylic acid amide;
hydroxypyrimidine;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrimidone;
secondary carboxamide		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
novobiocin
Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.		5.62130carbamate ester;
ether;
hexoside;
hydroxycoumarin;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline
Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.		17.6517614
chlortetracycline
Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.		3.5880
oxytetracycline, anhydrous
Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.		4.7180
minocycline
Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.		12.98826
methacycline
Methacycline: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic related to TETRACYCLINE but excreted more slowly and maintaining effective blood levels for a more extended period.. methacycline : A tetracycline that is the 6-methylene analogue of oxytetracycline, obtained by formal dehydration at position 6.		2.0310
salicylates
Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.		7.4243monohydroxybenzoateplant metabolite
dicumarol
Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.		2.4720hydroxycoumarinanticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
vitamin K antagonist
piroxicam
[no description available]		5.02120benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
roquinimex
roquinimex: structure in first source		2.7530aromatic amide
acenocoumarol
Acenocoumarol: A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233). acenocoumarol : A hydroxycoumarin that is warfarin in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is replaced by a nitro group.		3.1850C-nitro compound;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone		anticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
meclocycline
[no description available]		2.0210
mobic
Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.		4.77901,3-thiazoles;
benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mobiflex
tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.		3.1550heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
thienothiazine		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
isoxicam
isoxicam : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is piroxicam in which the pyrid-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the market in the 1980s following its association with cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome.		3.3160benzothiazine;
isoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antirheumatic drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin
Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.		8.84353benzenes;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone
bephenium hydroxynaphthoate
bephenium hydroxynaphthoate: structure		2.0410
demeclocycline
Demeclocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than tetracycline, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.. demeclocycline : Tetracycline which lacks the methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the hydrogen para- to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by chlorine. Like tetracycline, it is an antibiotic, but being excreted more slowly, effective blood levels are maintained for longer. It is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.		3.8630
phenprocoumon
Phenprocoumon: Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant.. phenprocoumon : A hydroxycoumarin that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenylpropyl group.		2.4520hydroxycoumarinanticoagulant;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
tipranavir
tipranavir: inhibits HIV-1 protease. tipranavir : A pyridine-2-sulfonamide substituted at C-5 by a trifluoromethyl group and at the sulfonamide nitrogen by a dihydropyrone-containing m-tolyl substituent. It is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor.		3.2310sulfonamideantiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
chlortetracycline hydrochloride
Alexomycin: a thiopeptide; a cyclic peptide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces arginensis isolated from the soil		2.4620
rolitetracycline
Rolitetracycline: A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.. rolitetracycline : A derivative of tetracycline in which the amide function is substituted with a pyrrolidinomethyl group.		2.7430
sudoxicam
sudoxicam: proposed ant-inflammatory agent; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search THIAZINES (75-86)		2.0510
methacycline monohydrochloride
[no description available]		2.4620
minocycline hydrochloride
[no description available]		2.7630
demeclocycline hydrochloride
demeclocycline hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of demeclocycline. A tetracycline antibiotic, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.		2.4620
tigecycline
[no description available]		12.73636
(S)-warfarin
(S)-warfarin : A 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one that has (S)-configuration (the racemate is warfarin, an anticoagulant drug and rodenticide).		2.03104-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one
sancycline
sancycline: RN given refers to parent cpd		210
lornoxicam
lornoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain, primarily resulting from inflammatory diseases of the joints, osteoarthritis, surgery, sciatica and other inflammations.		2.4720heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organochlorine compound;
pyridines;
thienothiazine		antipyretic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
omadacycline
omadacycline: demonstrated in vitro activity against a broad range of Gram-positive and select Gram-negative pathogens; structure in first source		9.1640tetracyclines
eravacycline
eravacycline: has antibacterial activity		3.8930tetracyclines
almagate
pegaptanib: a 28-base ribonucleic acid aptamer covalently linked to two branched 20-kD polyethylene glycol moieties to block the activity of extracellular VEGF, specifically the 165-amino-acid isoform (VEGF165); for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration		2.0810
clay
Clay: A naturally-occurring rock or soil constituent characterized by particles with a diameter of less than 0.005 mm. It is composed primarily of hydrous aluminum silicates, trace amounts of metal OXIDES, and organic matter.		3.0430
bismuth oxybromide
bismuth oxybromide: bismuth oxybromide (BiOBr) nanoplate microspheres were used to remove NO in indoor air under visible light irradiation		2.4110
cefuroxime axetil
[no description available]		5.4844
opt 80
OPT 80: has anti-infective activity; no further info available 7/2004		2.0710carboxylic ester;
glycoside;
macrolide antibiotic;
organochlorine compound;
phenols		antibacterial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor
ajmaline
[no description available]		2.0510
colistin sulfate
[no description available]		2.0310
osimertinib
osimertinib: an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. osimertinib : A member of the class of aminopyrimidines that is 4-(1-methylindol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2-methoxy-4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl](methyl)amino-5-acrylamidophenyl group. Used (as the mesylate salt) for treatment of EGFR T790M mutation positive non-small cell lung cancer.		3.4110acrylamides;
aminopyrimidine;
biaryl;
indoles;
monomethoxybenzene;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
agar
Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.. agar : A complex mixture of polysaccharides extracted from species of red algae. Its two main components are agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is the component responsible for the high-strength gelling properties of agar, while agaropectin provides the viscous properties.		3.7490
fertinex
[no description available]		3.2310
azd0914
zoliflodacin: a DNA gyrase inhibitor for treatment of gonorrhea		2.5120
cefiderocol
cefiderocol: structure in first source. cefiderocol : A fourth-generation siderophore cephalosporin antibiotic having {1-[2-(2-chloro-3,4-dihydroxybenzamido)ethyl]pyrrolidinium-1-yl}methyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-{[(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy]imino}acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively, developed to combat a variety of bacterial pathogens, including beta-lactam- and carbapenem-resistant organisms.		2.6320carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug;
siderophore
indolicidin
[no description available]		7.1110
daptomycin
[no description available]		8.5870
dalfopristin
dalfopristin: component of RP-59500; structure in first source. dalfopristin : A macrolide that is pristinamycin IIA in which the double bond between positions 26 and 26a of the pyrroline ring has been reduced and position 26R carries a [2-(diethylamino)ethyl]sulfonyl group. It is a semi-synthetic streptogramin antibiotic and often used as a mixture with quinupristin for the treatment of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium.		2.4220
cyclosporine
Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).		7.46122
lactoferrin
Lactoferrin: An iron-binding protein that was originally characterized as a milk protein. It is widely distributed in secretory fluids and is found in the neutrophilic granules of LEUKOCYTES. The N-terminal part of lactoferrin possesses a serine protease which functions to inactivate the TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM used by bacteria to export virulence proteins for host cell invasion.		4.1931
muramidase
Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.		2.8530
cord factors
Cord Factors: Toxic glycolipids composed of trehalose dimycolate derivatives. They are produced by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS and other species of MYCOBACTERIUM. They induce cellular dysfunction in animals.		2.1110
exudates
Malaysia: A parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch in southeast Asia, consisting of 11 states (West Malaysia) on the Malay Peninsula and two states (East Malaysia) on the island of BORNEO. It is also called the Federation of Malaysia. Its capital is Kuala Lumpur. Before 1963 it was the Union of Malaya. It reorganized in 1948 as the Federation of Malaya, becoming independent from British Malaya in 1957 and becoming Malaysia in 1963 as a federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore (which seceded in 1965). The form Malay- probably derives from the Tamil malay, mountain, with reference to its geography. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p715 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p329)		2.0210
narasin
narasin: related to salinomycin & A28086B; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.610
entecavir
entecavir (anhydrous) : Guanine substituted at the 9 position by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl group. A synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine, it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with selective antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Entecavir is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active triphosphate form, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, the natural substrate of hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, inhibiting every stage of the enzyme's activity, although it has no activity against HIV. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.		3.87302-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
acyclovir
Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.		5.621302-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug
cyclic gmp
Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.		3.15103',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide;
guanyl ribonucleotide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
guanosine diphosphate
Guanosine Diphosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.		210guanosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
uncoupling protein inhibitor
guanosine triphosphate
Guanosine Triphosphate: Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.		3.8221guanosine 5'-phosphate;
purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
uncoupling protein inhibitor
guanine
[no description available]		2.05102-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
purine nucleobase		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
inosine
[no description available]		2.0510inosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
folic acid
folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.		4.5370folic acids;
N-acyl-amino acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient
viomycin
[no description available]		2.0410heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide antibiotic		antitubercular agent
pheophytin a
pheophytin a: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (3S-(3alpha(2E,7S*,11S*),4beta,21beta))-isomer		2.110
rifampin
Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)		17.2922521cyclic ketal;
hydrazone;
N-iminopiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative;
zwitterion		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiamoebic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antitubercular agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
leprostatic drug;
neuroprotective agent;
pregnane X receptor agonist;
protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine
Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.		5.59220benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound		adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
GABA antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
xenobiotic
dacarbazine
(E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.		4.7790dacarbazine
didanosine
Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.		4.86100purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ganciclovir
[no description available]		10.28902-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antiinfective agent;
antiviral drug
valtrex
[no description available]		2.0810organic molecular entity
valacyclovir
Valacyclovir: A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES.		4.3630L-valyl esterantiviral drug
sildenafil
sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.		4.85100piperazines;
pyrazolopyrimidine;
sulfonamide		EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
olanzapine
Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.		5.02120benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
penciclovir
penciclovir : A member of the class of 2-aminopurines that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)but-1-yl group. An antiviral drug, it is administered topically for treatment of herpes labialis. A prodrug, famciclovir, is used for oral administration.		3.14502-aminopurines;
propane-1,3-diols		antiviral drug
oxypurinol
Oxypurinol: A xanthine oxidase inhibitor.. alloxanthine : A pyrazolopyrimidine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine substituted by oxo groups at positions 4 and 6.		2.0510pyrazolopyrimidinedrug metabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
raltitrexed
[no description available]		2.4720N-acyl-amino acid
vardenafil
vardenafil : The sulfonamide resulting from formal condensation of the sulfo group of 4-ethoxy-3-(5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(1H)-one-2-yl)benzenesulfonic acid and the secondary amino group of 4-ethylpiperazine.		4.2550imidazotriazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-sulfonylpiperazine		EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
3-cinnamoyl-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2h-pyran-2-one
3-cinnamoyl-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one: inhibits human ovarian cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis; structure in first source		2.1710
allopurinol
Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.		5.1130nucleobase analogue;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimetabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor;
gout suppressant;
radical scavenger
citrovorum factor
[no description available]		4.0940tetrahydrofolic acid
leucovorin
5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.		4.4160formyltetrahydrofolic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
rifapentine
rifapentine: cyclopentyl derivative of rifampicin		3.6120N-alkylpiperazine;
N-iminopiperazine;
rifamycins		antitubercular agent;
leprostatic drug
thiolactomycin
thiolactomycin: from actinomycetes; structure given in first source		3.3110
alanosine
[no description available]		2.0510
bl 4162a
anagrelide: imidazoquinazoline derivative which lowers platelet count probably by inhibiting thrombopoiesis and reduces platelet aggregation; used for thrombocythemia; structure in first source. anagrelide : A 1,5-dihydroimidazo[2,1-]quinazoline having an oxo substituent at the 2-position and chloro substituents at the 6- and 7-positions.		3.2310imidazoquinazolineanticoagulant;
antifibrinolytic drug;
cardiovascular drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
tegaserod
tegaserod: a nonbenzamide 5-hydroxytryptamine(4) agonist; used in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome; marketing suspended 2007 in US due to higher incidence of MI, stroke, and unstable angina; structure given in first source		4.0840carboxamidine;
guanidines;
hydrazines;
indoles		gastrointestinal drug;
serotonergic agonist
norclozapine
norclozapine: structure given in first source. N-desmethylclozapine : A dibenzodoazepine substituted with chloro and piperazino groups which is a major metabolite of clozapine; a potent and selective 5-HT2C serotonin receptor antagonist.		2.7330dibenzodiazepine;
organochlorine compound;
piperazines		delta-opioid receptor agonist;
metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
pemetrexed
pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).		4.1520N-acyl-L-glutamic acid;
pyrrolopyrimidine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
tirapazamine
Tirapazamine: A triazine derivative that introduces breaks into DNA strands in hypoxic cells, sensitizing tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of other drugs and radiation.. tirapazamine : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,4-benzotriazine carrying an amino substituent at position 3 and two oxido substituents at positions 1 and 4.		2.4520aromatic amine;
benzotriazines;
N-oxide		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer
sildenafil citrate
Sildenafil Citrate: A PHOSPHODIESTERASE TYPE-5 INHIBITOR; VASODILATOR AGENT and UROLOGICAL AGENT that is used in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION and PRIMARY PULMONARY HYPERTENSION.. sildenafil citrate : The citrate salt of sildenafil.		2.0810citrate saltEC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
valganciclovir
Valganciclovir: A ganciclovir prodrug and antiviral agent that is used to treat CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS in patients with AIDS, and for the prevention of CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS in organ transplant recipients who have received an organ from a CMV-positive donor.. valganciclovir : The L-valinyl ester of ganciclovir, into which it is rapidly converted by intestinal and hepatic esterases. It is a synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine.		3.2310L-valyl ester;
purines		antiviral drug;
prodrug
aprepitant
Aprepitant: A morpholine neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that is used in the management of nausea and vomiting caused by DRUG THERAPY, and for the prevention of POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING.. aprepitant : A morpholine-based antiemetic, which is or the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Aprepitant is a selective high-affinity antagonist of human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors.		4.0840(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
cyclic acetal;
morpholines;
triazoles		antidepressant;
antiemetic;
neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
substance P receptor antagonist
fosaprepitant
fosaprepitant: a pro-drug form of aprepitant. fosaprepitant : A morpholine derivative that is the (1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl ether of (3-{[(2R,3S)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxymorpholin-4-yl]methyl}-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phosphonic acid.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
cyclic acetal;
morpholines;
phosphoramide;
triazoles		antiemetic;
neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist;
prodrug
tegaserod maleate
[no description available]		2.0810maleate saltserotonergic agonist
ceftobiprole
ceftobiprole: BAL5788 is Ceftobiprole medocaril sodium. ceftobiprole : A fifth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having (E)-[(3'R)-2-oxo[1,3'-bipyrrolidin]-3-ylidene]methyl and [(2Z)-2-(5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-2-(hydroxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively; developed for the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP, excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia, VAP) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).		9.8271cephalosporin;
thiadiazoles		antimicrobial agent
rifabutin
[no description available]		5.38100
3'-hydroxy-5'-(4-isobutylpiperazinyl)benzoxazinorifamycin
KRM 1648: structure in first source		4.9110phenoxazine
krm 1657
KRM 1657: structure given in first source		3.3110
carbadox
Carbadox: An antibacterial agent that has been used in veterinary practice for treating swine dysentery and enteritis and for promoting growth. However, its use has been prohibited in the UK following reports of carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p125)		2.0710quinoxaline derivative
imidacloprid
imidacloprid: systemic & contact insecticide exhibiting low mammalian toxicity; structure given in first source; it is one of the neonicotinoid insecticides, which acts as an antagonist by binding to postsynaptic nicotinic receptors in the insect central nervous system. imidacloprid : An imidazolidine that is N-nitroimidazolidin-2-imine bearing a (6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl substituent at position 1.		7.610imidacloprid;
imidazolidines;
monochloropyridine		environmental contaminant;
genotoxin;
neonicotinoid insectide;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
levomefolate calcium
levomefolate calcium: an ingredient in Contraceptives, Oral, Combined. levomefolate calcium : An organic calcium salt of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid.		3.2310organic calcium saltantidepressant
fenobam
fenobam: in USAN fenobam refers to monohydrate		2.0710ureas
cholestyramine resin
Cholestyramine Resin: A strongly basic anion exchange resin whose main constituent is polystyrene trimethylbenzylammonium Cl(-) anion.		3.4211
eye
[no description available]		6.52161
fructooligosaccharide
[no description available]		2.4110oligosaccharide
acetylcellulose
acetylcellulose: coating compound. cellulose acetate : A glucan derivative obtained through the esterification of cellulose by acetic anhydride or acetic acid, resulting in the substitution of some of the hydroxy groups of cellulose by acetyl groups. It is used in a variety of applications including base material for photographic film, clothing, membrane filters, coatings, food packaging, and as a frame material for eyeglasses.		2.0110
concanavalin a
Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.		2.2110
metallothionein
Metallothionein: A low-molecular-weight (approx. 10 kD) protein occurring in the cytoplasm of kidney cortex and liver. It is rich in cysteinyl residues and contains no aromatic amino acids. Metallothionein shows high affinity for bivalent heavy metals.		7.0810
biphenylylacetic acid
biphenylylacetic acid: metabolite of BHD 7538; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified locants for acetic acid moities		2.9140
phenanthrenes
Phenanthrenes: POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS composed of three fused BENZENE rings.. phenanthrenes : Any benzenoid aromatic compound that consists of a phenanthrene skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.		2.2510
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
E coli Infections
[description not available]		011.54857
Infections, Pseudomonas
[description not available]		013.81988
Infections, Staphylococcal
[description not available]		012.941349
Escherichia coli Infections
Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.		113.54857
Pseudomonas Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.		013.81988
Staphylococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.		119.941349
Infections, Helicobacter
[description not available]		023.41423132
Helicobacter Infections
Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.		125.41423132
Blood Poisoning
[description not available]		011.41424
Neutropenia
A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.		114.515217
Sepsis
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.		011.41424
Acute Kidney Failure
[description not available]		06.6181
Acute Kidney Injury
Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.		011.6181
Adverse Drug Event
[description not available]		07.77223
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.		07.77223
Salmonella Infections, Animal
Infections in animals with bacteria of the genus SALMONELLA.		02.9540
Infections, Klebsiella
[description not available]		08.6331
Klebsiella Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA.		08.6331
Infections, Soft Tissue
[description not available]		07.01121
HIV Coinfection
[description not available]		010.98209
Infections, Staphylococcal Skin
[description not available]		04.5890
Staphylococcal Skin Infections
Infections to the skin caused by bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.		04.5890
HIV Infections
Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).		112.98209
Soft Tissue Infections
Infections of non-skeletal tissue, i.e., exclusive of bone, ligaments, cartilage, and fibrous tissue. The concept is usually referred to as skin and soft tissue infections and usually subcutaneous and muscle tissue are involved. The predisposing factors in anaerobic infections are trauma, ischemia, and surgery. The organisms often derive from the fecal or oral flora, particularly in wounds associated with intestinal surgery, decubitus ulcer, and human bites. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1688)		07.01121
Infections, Pneumococcal
[description not available]		013.471167
Pneumococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.		013.471167
Haemophilus Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.		011.66348
Burkholderia pseudomallei Infection
[description not available]		03.2450
Bacterial Infections, Gram-Positive
[description not available]		012.036510
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections
Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method.		012.036510
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		011.721134
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis
[description not available]		03.73100
Meningitis, Pneumococcal
An acute purulent infection of the meninges and subarachnoid space caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, most prevalent in children and adults over the age of 60. This illness may be associated with OTITIS MEDIA; MASTOIDITIS; SINUSITIS; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; sickle cell disease (ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL); skull fractures; and other disorders. Clinical manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; neck stiffness; and somnolence followed by SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits (notably DEAFNESS); and COMA. (From Miller et al., Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p111)		03.73100
Health Care Associated Infection
[description not available]		014.05868
Cronobacter Infections
[description not available]		013.94733
Cross Infection
Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.		014.05868
Enterobacteriaceae Infections
Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE.		013.94733
Bacteremia
The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.		016.1312314
Acinetobacter Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus ACINETOBACTER.		04.42200
Cane-Cutter Fever
[description not available]		02.9740
Acute Disease
Disease having a short and relatively severe course.		017.7911559
Leptospirosis
Infections with bacteria of the genus LEPTOSPIRA.		07.9740
Foreign-Body Reaction
Chronic inflammation and granuloma formation around irritating foreign bodies.		03.1450
Community Acquired Infection
[description not available]		019.319372
Infections, Respiratory
[description not available]		015.211912
Respiratory Tract Infections
Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.		015.211912
Antibiotic-Associated Colitis
[description not available]		05.62120
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization.		05.62120
Black Death
[description not available]		03.95120
Plague
An acute infectious disease caused by YERSINIA PESTIS that affects humans, wild rodents, and their ectoparasites. This condition persists due to its firm entrenchment in sylvatic rodent-flea ecosystems throughout the world. Bubonic plague is the most common form.		03.95120
Bacterial Pneumonia
[description not available]		017.4311849
Pneumonia, Bacterial
Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections.		119.4311849
Infection, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
[description not available]		02.9240
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection
A nontuberculous infection when occurring in humans. It is characterized by pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis in children, and systemic disease in AIDS patients. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection of birds and swine results in tuberculosis.		02.9240
Bacterial Disease
[description not available]		017.612036
Bacterial Infections
Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.		119.612036
Bacterial Infections, Gram-Negative
[description not available]		014.612213
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.		014.612213
Mycoplasma dispar Infection
[description not available]		05.77191
Infections, Proteus
[description not available]		03.0240
Pulmonary Consumption
[description not available]		016.017622
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.		016.017622
Francisella tularensis Infection
[description not available]		05.39130
Tularemia
A plague-like disease of rodents, transmissible to man. It is caused by FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS and is characterized by fever, chills, headache, backache, and weakness.		010.39130
Staphylococcal Pneumonia
[description not available]		05.8142
Pneumonia, Staphylococcal
Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.		05.8142
Arrhythmia
[description not available]		09.81110
Arrhythmias, Cardiac
Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.		04.81110
Swine Diseases
Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.		02.4620
Bacterial Skin Diseases
[description not available]		08.9204
Skin Diseases, Bacterial
Skin diseases caused by bacteria.		08.9204
Bacterial Endocarditides
[description not available]		07.93171
Endocarditis, Bacterial
Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use.		07.93171
Bacteroides Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus BACTEROIDES.		02.7230
Eperythrozoonosis
[description not available]		04.85120
Infections, Ureaplasma
[description not available]		03.78100
Foreign Bodies
Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the body.		03.6890
Infections, Prosthesis-Related
[description not available]		09.71332
Infections, Mycobacterium
[description not available]		03.1850
Mycobacterium Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus MYCOBACTERIUM.		03.1850
Necrotizing Pyelonephritis
[description not available]		014.443823
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA.		116.443823
Urinary Tract Infections
Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.		120.616251
Experimental Lung Inflammation
Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.		016.6810734
Pneumonia
Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.		118.6810734
Poultry Diseases
Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.		02.4720
Disease, Pulmonary
[description not available]		05.33121
Lung Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.		05.33121
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		010.81236
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		112.81236
Chronic Illness
[description not available]		014.346830
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas
[description not available]		012.12367
Chronic Disease
Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).		014.346830
Cystic Fibrosis
An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.		114.12367
Group A Strep Infection
[description not available]		010.26523
Streptococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS.		010.26523
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced
[description not available]		08.51361
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.		08.51361
Campylobacter Infection
[description not available]		05.152
Recrudescence
[description not available]		014.625119
Communicable Diseases, Emerging
Infectious diseases that are novel in their outbreak ranges (geographic and host) or transmission mode.		02.4820
Koch's Disease
[description not available]		010.89623
Tuberculosis
Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.		112.89623
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		07.0192
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		04.1431
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		07.0192
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.		04.1431
Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis resistant to ISONIAZID and RIFAMPIN and at least three of the six main classes of second-line drugs (AMINOGLYCOSIDES; polypeptide agents; FLUOROQUINOLONES; THIOAMIDES; CYCLOSERINE; and PARA-AMINOSALICYLIC ACID) as defined by the CDC.		05.44130
Lipidoses
Conditions characterized by abnormal lipid deposition due to disturbance in lipid metabolism, such as hereditary diseases involving lysosomal enzymes required for lipid breakdown. They are classified either by the enzyme defect or by the type of lipid involved.		02.0510
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		06.47151
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		06.47151
Encephalitis, Polio
[description not available]		02.0610
Poliomyelitis
An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)		02.0610
Bile Duct Obstruction
[description not available]		03.9240
Cholestasis
Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).		08.9240
Bartonella bacilliformis Infection
[description not available]		02.0710
Curling Ulcer
Acute stress DUODENAL ULCER, usually observed in patients with extensive third-degree burns.		05.341
Cancer of Stomach
[description not available]		05.270
Gastric Ulcer
[description not available]		04.1331
Duodenal Ulcer
A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM.		05.341
Gastritis
Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion observed in a number of unrelated disorders.		017.62243
Stomach Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.		05.270
Stomach Ulcer
Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).		04.1331
Extravascular Hemolysis
[description not available]		03.2350
Hemolysis
The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.		03.2350
Tuberculosis, Drug-Resistant
[description not available]		016.2211018
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
Tuberculosis resistant to chemotherapy with two or more ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS, including at least ISONIAZID and RIFAMPICIN. The problem of resistance is particularly troublesome in tuberculous OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS associated with HIV INFECTIONS. It requires the use of second line drugs which are more toxic than the first line regimens. TB with isolates that have developed further resistance to at least three of the six classes of second line drugs is defined as EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS.		118.2211018
Anemia, Fanconi
[description not available]		02.1310
Fanconi Anemia
Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)		02.1310
Keratitis
Inflammation of the cornea.		07.05281
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		07.32153
Colitis Gravis
[description not available]		05.7841
Colitis, Ulcerative
Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.		05.7841
Muscle Contraction
A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.		02.5120
Hansen Disease
[description not available]		03.3920
Leprosy
A chronic granulomatous infection caused by MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. The granulomatous lesions are manifested in the skin, the mucous membranes, and the peripheral nerves. Two polar or principal types are lepromatous and tuberculoid.		03.3920
Congenital Zika Syndrome
[description not available]		02.2510
Zika Virus Infection
A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.		02.2510
Keratoconus
A noninflammatory, usually bilateral protrusion of the cornea, the apex being displaced downward and nasally. It occurs most commonly in females at about puberty. The cause is unknown but hereditary factors may play a role. The -conus refers to the cone shape of the corneal protrusion. (From Dorland, 27th ed)		07.6620
Dermatitis Medicamentosa
[description not available]		04.31180
Exanthem
[description not available]		04.7761
Exanthema
Diseases in which skin eruptions or rashes are a prominent manifestation. Classically, six such diseases were described with similar rashes; they were numbered in the order in which they were reported. Only the fourth (Duke's disease), fifth (ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM), and sixth (EXANTHEMA SUBITUM) numeric designations survive as occasional synonyms in current terminology.		04.7761
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
[description not available]		05.2781
Cirrhosis
[description not available]		02.8630
B cepacia Infection
[description not available]		04.360
Fibrosis
Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.		02.8630
Bladder Disorder, Neurogenic
[description not available]		04.1831
Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic
Dysfunction of the URINARY BLADDER due to disease of the central or peripheral nervous system pathways involved in the control of URINATION. This is often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, but may also be caused by BRAIN DISEASES or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES.		04.1831
Genito-urinary Cancer
[description not available]		07.3110
Urogenital Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female.		02.3110
Fish Diseases
Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates).		03.7230
Urogenital Prolapse
[description not available]		02.3110
Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Abnormal descent of a pelvic organ resulting in the protrusion of the organ beyond its normal anatomical confines. Symptoms often include vaginal discomfort, DYSPAREUNIA; URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE; and FECAL INCONTINENCE.		02.3110
Clostridioides difficile Infection
[description not available]		011.31284
Graft-Versus-Host Disease
[description not available]		03.0840
Clostridium Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM and closely related CLOSTRIDIOIDES species.		011.31284
Graft vs Host Disease
The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION.		03.0840
Meningitis, Tuberculous
[description not available]		012.172414
Tuberculosis, Meningeal
A form of bacterial meningitis caused by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. The organism seeds the meninges and forms microtuberculomas which subsequently rupture. The clinical course tends to be subacute, with progressions occurring over a period of several days or longer. Headache and meningeal irritation may be followed by SEIZURES, cranial neuropathies, focal neurologic deficits, somnolence, and eventually COMA. The illness may occur in immunocompetent individuals or as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION in the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunodeficiency syndromes. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp717-9)		012.172414
Lower Urinary Tract Symptom
[description not available]		010.522
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis
[description not available]		018.555623
Prostatitis
Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to treatment.		115.555623
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
[description not available]		03.2310
Bordetella Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus BORDETELLA.		03.5320
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.		03.2310
Cystitis
Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.		07.54113
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
[description not available]		06.96132
Diarrhea
An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.		09.92910
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.		06.96132
Bacillaceae Infections
Infections with bacteria of the family BACILLACEAE.		02.4110
Pachymeningitis
[description not available]		04.1750
Meningitis
Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6)		04.1750
Catheter-Associated Infections
[description not available]		09.6290
Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis
[description not available]		02.6120
Infectious Diseases
[description not available]		08.1750
Communicable Diseases
An illness caused by an infectious agent or its toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect transmission of the infectious agent or its products from an infected individual or via an animal, vector or the inanimate environment to a susceptible animal or human host.		03.1750
Pink Eye
[description not available]		07.0261
Viral Conjunctivitis
[description not available]		03.3310
Conjunctivitis
INFLAMMATION of the CONJUNCTIVA.		012.0261
Conjunctivitis, Viral
Inflammation, often mild, of the conjunctiva caused by a variety of viral agents. Conjunctival involvement may be part of a systemic infection.		03.3310
Keratoconjunctivitis
Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva.		03.5720
Brucella Infection
[description not available]		05.0580
Brucellosis
Infection caused by bacteria of the genus BRUCELLA mainly involving the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. This condition is characterized by fever, weakness, malaise, and weight loss.		05.0580
Osteomyelitis
INFLAMMATION of the bone as a result of infection. It may be caused by a variety of infectious agents, especially pyogenic (PUS - producing) BACTERIA.		19.43232
Arthritides, Bacterial
[description not available]		05.52140
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset
[description not available]		06.25121
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.		06.25121
Cataract, Membranous
[description not available]		06.85125
Cataract
Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)		18.85125
Legionellosis
Infections with bacteria of the genus LEGIONELLA.		06.1120
Vibrio cholerae Infection
[description not available]		03.3310
Cholera
An acute diarrheal disease endemic in India and Southeast Asia whose causative agent is VIBRIO CHOLERAE. This condition can lead to severe dehydration in a matter of hours unless quickly treated.		03.3310
Co-infection
[description not available]		06.41130
Bacterial Eye Infections
[description not available]		015.577424
Bladder Cancer
[description not available]		08.811
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.		03.811
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell
A malignant neoplasm derived from TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIAL CELLS, occurring chiefly in the URINARY BLADDER; URETERS; or RENAL PELVIS.		03.8421
Kidney Failure
A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism.		03.2960
Cardiac Arrest, Sudden
[description not available]		02.8220
Death, Sudden, Cardiac
Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)		02.8220
Renal Insufficiency
Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.		03.2960
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia
[description not available]		02.4110
Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia
Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation that is acquired through an interaction within a healthcare institution often through a therapeutic experience (e.g., use of catheters or ventilators).		02.4110
Indigestion
[description not available]		09.98156
Dyspepsia
Impaired digestion, especially after eating.		116.98156
Allergy, Drug
[description not available]		05.5230
Drug Hypersensitivity
Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.		05.5230
Chronic Kidney Diseases
[description not available]		02.4110
Fasting Hypoglycemia
HYPOGLYCEMIA expressed in the postabsorptive state, after prolonged FASTING, or an overnight fast.		05.57260
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment
[description not available]		02.4110
Hypoglycemia
A syndrome of abnormally low BLOOD GLUCOSE level. Clinical hypoglycemia has diverse etiologies. Severe hypoglycemia eventually lead to glucose deprivation of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM resulting in HUNGER; SWEATING; PARESTHESIA; impaired mental function; SEIZURES; COMA; and even DEATH.		05.57260
Retinal Detachment
Separation of the inner layers of the retina (neural retina) from the pigment epithelium. Retinal detachment occurs more commonly in men than in women, in eyes with degenerative myopia, in aging and in aphakia. It may occur after an uncomplicated cataract extraction, but it is seen more often if vitreous humor has been lost during surgery. (Dorland, 27th ed; Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p310-12).		02.4110
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002)		02.4110
Caries, Dental
[description not available]		02.4110
Dental Caries
Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp.		02.4110
Cervical Tuberculous Lymphadenitis
[description not available]		02.930
Electrocardiogram QT Prolonged
[description not available]		010.39233
Long QT Syndrome
A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.		010.39233
Cholangiocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		02.4110
Bile Duct Cancer
[description not available]		02.4110
Abscess
Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection.		05.6160
Bile Duct Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.		02.4110
Cholangiocarcinoma
A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the BILE DUCTS.		02.4110
Envenomation, Snakebite
[description not available]		03.3310
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection
[description not available]		05.1160
Gonorrhea
Acute infectious disease characterized by primary invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879.		05.1160
Bone Fractures
[description not available]		02.610
Fractures, Bone
Breaks in bones.		02.610
Infections, Salmonella
[description not available]		05.84112
Suicidal Ideation
A risk factor for suicide attempts and completions, it is the most common of all suicidal behavior, but only a minority of ideators engage in overt self-harm.		02.4110
Cutaneous Fistula
An abnormal passage or communication leading from an internal organ to the surface of the body.		02.5920
Bacillus anthracis Infection
[description not available]		012.06171
Anthrax
An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics.		07.06171
Enteric Fever
[description not available]		05.3872
Typhoid Fever
An acute systemic febrile infection caused by SALMONELLA TYPHI, a serotype of SALMONELLA ENTERICA.		05.3872
Infectious Endophthalmitis
Infectious condition of the internal eye.		015.525828
Endophthalmitis
Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an infection.		117.525828
Tendinitis
Inflammation of TENDONS. It is characterized by the degeneration of tendons accompanied by an inflammatory repair response, fibroblastic proliferation, and formation of granulation tissue. Tendinitis is not a clinical diagnosis and can be confirmed only by histopathological findings.		06.47230
Tendinopathy
Clinical syndrome describing overuse tendon injuries characterized by a combination of PAIN, diffuse or localized swelling, and impaired performance.		06.47230
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.		08.08281
Apoplexy
[description not available]		03.8821
Infarct, Lacunar
[description not available]		02.4110
Cerebral Ischemia
[description not available]		03.8821
Brain Ischemia
Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.		03.8821
Stroke
A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)		03.8821
Drug Overdose
Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.		02.4110
Infection, Wound
[description not available]		05.05150
Burns
Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like.		08.0240
Chronic Kidney Failure
[description not available]		07.62121
Pemphigoid
[description not available]		02.5520
Kidney Failure, Chronic
The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.		07.62121
Pemphigoid, Bullous
A chronic and relatively benign subepidermal blistering disease usually of the elderly and without histopathologic acantholysis.		02.5520
Zoonoses
Diseases of non-human animals that may be transmitted to HUMANS or may be transmitted from humans to non-human animals.		03.8840
Middle Ear Inflammation
[description not available]		07.5973
Otitis Media, Purulent
[description not available]		05.1731
Otitis Media
Inflammation of the MIDDLE EAR including the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE.		19.5973
Otitis Media, Suppurative
Inflammation of the middle ear with purulent discharge.		05.1731
Injuries, Spinal Cord
[description not available]		05.4131
Spinal Cord Injuries
Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.).		05.4131
Urinary Calculi
Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or URIC ACID.		02.4110
Gastroduodenal Ulcer
[description not available]		07.79104
Peptic Ulcer
Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).		07.79104
Pott Disease
[description not available]		02.7220
Atypical Mycobacterial Infection, Disseminated
[description not available]		06.57280
Disbacteriosis
[description not available]		03.2540
Arthritis, Spinal
[description not available]		02.610
Mouth Ulcer
[description not available]		02.610
Mucositis, Oral
[description not available]		02.610
Stomatitis
INFLAMMATION of the soft tissues of the MOUTH, such as MUCOSA; PALATE; GINGIVA; and LIP.		02.610
Oral Ulcer
A loss of mucous substance of the mouth showing local excavation of the surface, resulting from the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. It is the result of a variety of causes, e.g., denture irritation, aphthous stomatitis (STOMATITIS, APHTHOUS); NOMA; necrotizing gingivitis (GINGIVITIS, NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE); TOOTHBRUSHING; and various irritants. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p842)		02.610
Anti-MuSK Myasthenia Gravis
[description not available]		03.250
Complication, Postoperative
[description not available]		016.698149
Myasthenia Gravis
A disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by fatigable weakness of cranial and skeletal muscles with elevated titers of ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS or muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibodies. Clinical manifestations may include ocular muscle weakness (fluctuating, asymmetric, external ophthalmoplegia; diplopia; ptosis; and weakness of eye closure) and extraocular fatigable weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles (ocular myasthenia). THYMOMA is commonly associated with this condition.		03.250
Postoperative Complications
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.		016.698149
Acute Infectious Thyroiditis
[description not available]		02.610
Ureteral Calculi
Stones in the URETER that are formed in the KIDNEY. They are rarely more than 5 mm in diameter for larger renal stones cannot enter ureters. They are often lodged at the ureteral narrowing and can cause excruciating renal colic.		04.9542
Intestinal Diseases
Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.		02.610
Rhabdomyolysis
Necrosis or disintegration of skeletal muscle often followed by myoglobinuria.		04.580
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic
Liver disease lasting six months or more, caused by an adverse effect of a drug or chemical. The adverse effect may be caused by drugs, drug metabolites, chemicals from the environment, or an idiosyncratic response.		02.610
Infections, Legionella pneumophila
[description not available]		09.21363
Allergic Reaction
[description not available]		02.7830
Hypersensitivity
Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.		07.7830
Scarlet Fever
Infection with group A streptococci that is characterized by tonsillitis and pharyngitis. An erythematous rash is commonly present.		02.610
Dacryoadenitis
[description not available]		02.5120
Corneal Dystrophies
[description not available]		02.610
Heart Valve Diseases
Pathological conditions involving any of the various HEART VALVES and the associated structures (PAPILLARY MUSCLES and CHORDAE TENDINEAE).		02.4720
Kahler Disease
[description not available]		010.07196
Multiple Myeloma
A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.		010.07196
Hepatitis
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.		08.7530
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia
[description not available]		08.61105
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.		08.61105
Febrile Neutropenia
Fever accompanied by a significant reduction in the number of NEUTROPHILS.		011.37235
Anaphylactic Reaction
[description not available]		08.87110
Anaphylaxis
An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.		03.87110
Kidney Diseases
Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.		16.84120
Canine Diseases
[description not available]		02.8330
Cat Diseases
Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.		02.610
Low Back Ache
[description not available]		02.8830
Spondylitis
Inflammation of the SPINE. This includes both arthritic and non-arthritic conditions.		03.4520
Low Back Pain
Acute or chronic pain in the lumbar or sacral regions, which may be associated with musculo-ligamentous SPRAINS AND STRAINS; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; and other conditions.		02.8830
Pleural Effusion
Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting from excessive transudation or exudation from the pleural surfaces. It is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis in itself.		02.9640
Keratitis, Ulcerative
[description not available]		04.29170
Eye Infections, Fungal
Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in patients with underlying mycoses.		03.2550
Corneal Ulcer
Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue; usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.		111.29170
Abscess, Amebic
[description not available]		02.2510
Eye Infections, Parasitic
Mild to severe infections of the eye and its adjacent structures (adnexa) by adult or larval protozoan or metazoan parasites.		03.0440
Amebiasis
Infection with any of various amebae. It is an asymptomatic carrier state in most individuals, but diseases ranging from chronic, mild diarrhea to fulminant dysentery may occur.		02.2510
Infections, Vibrio
[description not available]		02.6320
Infection
[description not available]		09.86135
Infections
Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases.		111.86135
Orphan Diseases
Rare diseases that have not been well studied.		04.1950
Pyrexia
[description not available]		010.25315
Fever
An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.		112.25315
Food Poisoning
[description not available]		02.6920
Disease Exacerbation
[description not available]		09.97126
Endotoxin Shock
[description not available]		04.8110
Shock, Septic
Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.		04.8110
Aspergillus Infection
[description not available]		02.5720
Corynebacterium Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus CORYNEBACTERIUM.		02.8130
Lacrimal Duct Obstruction
Interference with the secretion of tears by the lacrimal glands. Obstruction of the LACRIMAL SAC or NASOLACRIMAL DUCT causing acute or chronic inflammation of the lacrimal sac (DACRYOCYSTITIS). It is caused also in infants by failure of the nasolacrimal duct to open into the inferior meatus and occurs about the third week of life. In adults occlusion may occur spontaneously or after injury or nasal disease. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p250)		02.2510
Aspergillosis
Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS.		02.5720
Coagulation, Disseminated Intravascular
[description not available]		02.2110
Petechiae
Pinhead size (3 mm) skin discolorization due to hemorrhage.		03.1650
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic process. The activation of the clotting mechanism may arise from any of a number of disorders. A majority of the patients manifest skin lesions, sometimes leading to PURPURA FULMINANS.		02.2110
Purpura
Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage into the tissues. When the size of the discolorization is		03.1650
Latent Tuberculosis
The dormant form of TUBERCULOSIS where the person shows no obvious symptoms and no sign of the causative agent (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) in the SPUTUM despite being positive for tuberculosis infection skin test.		010.5451
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		011.91607
Torsade de Pointes
[description not available]		06.77131
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS. Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA, KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.		02.5920
Cancer of Nasopharynx
[description not available]		02.5920
Injuries, Radiation
[description not available]		03.420
Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.		02.5920
Necrosis
The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.		02.8130
Hematologic Malignancies
[description not available]		07.24133
Fever of Unknown Origin
Fever in which the etiology cannot be ascertained.		06.0252
Hematologic Neoplasms
Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.		07.24133
Chemotherapy-Induced Febrile Neutropenia
FEVER accompanied by a significant reduction in NEUTROPHIL count associated with CHEMOTHERAPY.		02.6320
Critical Illness
A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent.		013.66196
Ambulation Disorders, Neurologic
[description not available]		02.2510
Adiadochokinesis
[description not available]		02.5920
Action Tremor
[description not available]		02.2510
Cerebellar Ataxia
Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90)		02.5920
Tremor
Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of PARKINSON DISEASE.		02.2510
Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue
[description not available]		03.7130
Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone
Extranodal lymphoma of lymphoid tissue associated with mucosa that is in contact with exogenous antigens. Many of the sites of these lymphomas, such as the stomach, salivary gland, and thyroid, are normally devoid of lymphoid tissue. They acquire mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type as a result of an immunologically mediated disorder.		03.7130
Hypomania
[description not available]		02.2510
Ache
[description not available]		05.6392
Cough
A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.		03.1840
Pain
An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.		05.6392
Mucositis
An INFLAMMATION of the MUCOSA with burning or tingling sensation. It is characterized by atrophy of the squamous EPITHELIUM, vascular damage, inflammatory infiltration, and ulceration. It usually occurs at the mucous lining of the MOUTH, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the airway due to chemical irritations, CHEMOTHERAPY, or radiation therapy (RADIOTHERAPY).		02.520
Disease Resistance
The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants.		04.3911
Cognitive Decline
[description not available]		04.3911
Encephalopathy, Traumatic
[description not available]		04.3911
Rheumatoid Arthritis
[description not available]		05.8842
Asthma, Bronchial
[description not available]		06.6481
Death, Sudden
The abrupt cessation of all vital bodily functions, manifested by the permanent loss of total cerebral, respiratory, and cardiovascular functions.		04.3911
Esophageal Varices
[description not available]		04.3911
Astrocytosis
[description not available]		04.3911
Hematochezia
The passage of bright red blood from the rectum. The blood may or may not be mixed with formed stool in the form of blood, blood clots, bloody stool or diarrhea.		05.0631
Cirrhoses, Experimental Liver
[description not available]		04.3911
Dent Disease
X-linked recessive NEPHROLITHIASIS characterized by HYPERCALCIURIA; HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA; NEPHROCALCINOSIS; and PROTEINURIA. It is associated with mutations in the voltage-gated chloride channel, CLC-5 (Dent Disease I). Another group of mutations associated with this disease is in phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase gene.		04.3911
Local Neoplasm Recurrence
[description not available]		04.8121
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain.		04.3911
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.		05.8842
Asthma
A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).		011.6481
Esophageal and Gastric Varices
Dilated blood vessels in the ESOPHAGUS or GASTRIC FUNDUS that shunt blood from the portal circulation (PORTAL SYSTEM) to the systemic venous circulation. Often they are observed in individuals with portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL).		04.3911
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.		05.0631
Infant, Small for Gestational Age
An infant having a birth weight lower than expected for its gestational age.		04.3911
Cognitive Dysfunction
Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function.		04.3911
Cryptogenic Fibrosing Alveolitis
[description not available]		03.9421
Aneurysm, Aortic
[description not available]		02.9130
Aortic Aneurysm
An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of AORTA.		02.9130
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
A common interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, usually occurring between 50-70 years of age. Clinically, it is characterized by an insidious onset of breathlessness with exertion and a nonproductive cough, leading to progressive DYSPNEA. Pathological features show scant interstitial inflammation, patchy collagen fibrosis, prominent fibroblast proliferation foci, and microscopic honeycomb change.		08.9421
Atopic Hypersensitivity
[description not available]		04.1731
Injuries, Soft Tissue
[description not available]		02.6120
Asystole
[description not available]		02.6120
Opportunistic Infections
An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression.		06.21111
Heart Arrest
Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.		02.6120
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis
[description not available]		04.6961
Pancreatitis
INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.		04.6961
Alloxan Diabetes
[description not available]		02.5520
Pneumonia, Viral
Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection.		02.6620
EBV Infections
[description not available]		03.1710
Dermatomyositis, Adult Type
[description not available]		03.1710
Dermatomyositis
A subacute or chronic inflammatory disease of muscle and skin, marked by proximal muscle weakness and a characteristic skin rash. The illness occurs with approximately equal frequency in children and adults. The skin lesions usually take the form of a purplish rash (or less often an exfoliative dermatitis) involving the nose, cheeks, forehead, upper trunk, and arms. The disease is associated with a complement mediated intramuscular microangiopathy, leading to loss of capillaries, muscle ischemia, muscle-fiber necrosis, and perifascicular atrophy. The childhood form of this disease tends to evolve into a systemic vasculitis. Dermatomyositis may occur in association with malignant neoplasms. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1405-6)		03.1710
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections
Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA (African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).		03.1710
Cerebrospinal Fluid Effusion, Subdural
[description not available]		02.2510
Morbid Obesity
[description not available]		04.1350
Weight Reduction
[description not available]		02.4920
Obesity, Morbid
The condition of weighing two, three, or more times the ideal weight, so called because it is associated with many serious and life-threatening disorders. In the BODY MASS INDEX, morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2.		04.1350
Weight Loss
Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT.		02.4920
Infection, Postoperative Wound
[description not available]		09.71216
Bilateral Headache
[description not available]		02.7930
Headache
The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.		02.7930
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		02.2510
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse
Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation.		02.2510
Familial Hypokalemia-Hypomagnesemia
[description not available]		02.2510
Alkalosis
A pathological condition that removes acid or adds base to the body fluids.		02.2510
Hypokalemia
Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities (depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed)		03.9640
Water-Electrolyte Imbalance
Disturbances in the body's WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.		02.2510
Hypocalcemia
Reduction of the blood calcium below normal. Manifestations include hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, Chvostek's sign, muscle and abdominal cramps, and carpopedal spasm. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.2510
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes are associated with this cancer.		02.3110
Cancer of Esophagus
[description not available]		02.3110
Esophageal Stricture
[description not available]		02.3110
Abscess, Hepatic
[description not available]		03.3660
Esophageal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.		02.3110
Esophageal Stenosis
A stricture of the ESOPHAGUS. Most are acquired but can be congenital.		02.3110
Liver Abscess
Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the liver as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other agents.		03.3660
Bacterial Infections, Central Nervous System
[description not available]		02.2510
Ocular Infections
[description not available]		04.8340
Eye Infections
Infection, moderate to severe, caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses, which occurs either on the external surface of the eye or intraocularly with probable inflammation, visual impairment, or blindness.		16.8340
Delirium of Mixed Origin
[description not available]		04.3770
Psychoses, Drug
[description not available]		04.150
Delirium
A disorder characterized by CONFUSION; inattentiveness; disorientation; ILLUSIONS; HALLUCINATIONS; agitation; and in some instances autonomic nervous system overactivity. It may result from toxic/metabolic conditions or structural brain lesions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp411-2)		04.3770
Infections, Coronavirus
[description not available]		02.6620
Bacterial Meningitides
[description not available]		03.5680
Meningitis, Bacterial
Bacterial infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space, frequently involving the cerebral cortex, cranial nerves, cerebral blood vessels, spinal cord, and nerve roots.		03.5680
Coronavirus Infections
Virus diseases caused by the CORONAVIRUS genus. Some specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (ENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF TURKEYS); FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; and transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (GASTROENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF SWINE).		02.6620
Edema, Pulmonary
[description not available]		02.4720
Sinus Infections
[description not available]		010.18249
Pulmonary Edema
Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.		02.4720
Sinusitis
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES.		112.18249
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
[description not available]		04.8621
Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary
Sarcoidosis affecting predominantly the lungs, the site most frequently involved and most commonly causing morbidity and mortality in sarcoidosis. Pulmonary sarcoidosis is characterized by sharply circumscribed granulomas in the alveolar, bronchial, and vascular walls, composed of tightly packed cells derived from the mononuclear phagocyte system. The clinical symptoms when present are dyspnea upon exertion, nonproductive cough, and wheezing. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p431)		04.8621
Shoulder Pain
Unilateral or bilateral pain of the shoulder. It is often caused by physical activities such as work or sports participation, but may also be pathologic in origin.		03.2310
Perforated Appendicitis
[description not available]		013.372623
Appendicitis
Acute inflammation of the APPENDIX. Acute appendicitis is classified as simple, gangrenous, or perforated.		120.372623
Breathlessness
[description not available]		04.6151
Dyspnea
Difficult or labored breathing.		04.6151
Chronic Lung Injury
[description not available]		02.3110
Hepato-Pulmonary Syndrome
[description not available]		02.7830
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by the clinical triad of advanced chronic liver disease, pulmonary vascular dilatations, and reduced arterial oxygenation (HYPOXEMIA) in the absence of intrinsic cardiopulmonary disease. This syndrome is common in the patients with LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL).		02.7830
Diabetes Mellitus
A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.		08.2475
Skin Ulcer
An ULCER of the skin and underlying tissues.		03.0140
Tenosynovitis
Inflammation of the synovial lining of a tendon sheath. Causes include trauma, tendon stress, bacterial disease (gonorrhea, tuberculosis), rheumatic disease, and gout. Common sites are the hand, wrist, shoulder capsule, hip capsule, hamstring muscles, and Achilles tendon. The tendon sheaths become inflamed and painful, and accumulate fluid. Joint mobility is usually reduced.		09.6151
Injuries, Eye
[description not available]		02.5320
Eye Injuries
Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular injuries.		02.5320
Dissecting Vertebral Artery Aneurysm
[description not available]		02.3110
Genital Diseases, Male
Pathological processes involving the male reproductive tract (GENITALIA, MALE).		03.250
Human Adenovirus Infections
[description not available]		02.3110
Adenovirus Infections, Human
Respiratory and conjunctival infections caused by 33 identified serotypes of human adenoviruses.		02.3110
Germinoblastoma
[description not available]		09.1123
Central Nervous System Neoplasm
[description not available]		02.3110
Lymphoma
A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.		09.1123
Central Nervous System Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges.		02.3110
Airflow Obstruction, Chronic
[description not available]		013.544221
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.		115.544221
Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis
[description not available]		02.3110
Complications, Infectious Pregnancy
[description not available]		03.2860
Neonatal Sepsis
Blood infection that occurs in an infant younger than 90 days old. Early-onset sepsis is seen in the first week of life and most often appears within 24 hours of birth. Late-onset occurs after 1 week and before 3 months of age.		02.3110
Carcinoma, Epidermoid
[description not available]		02.5320
Cancer of Mouth
[description not available]		02.5320
Cancer of the Tongue
[description not available]		02.3110
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		02.5320
Mouth Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.		02.5320
Tongue Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.		02.3110
Adipocere
[description not available]		02.3110
Joint Pain
[description not available]		03.3560
Muscle Pain
[description not available]		02.5720
Orthopedic Disorders
[description not available]		06.3442
Connective Tissue Diseases
A heterogeneous group of disorders, some hereditary, others acquired, characterized by abnormal structure or function of one or more of the elements of connective tissue, i.e., collagen, elastin, or the mucopolysaccharides.		02.3110
Musculoskeletal Diseases
Diseases of the muscles and their associated ligaments and other connective tissue and of the bones and cartilage viewed collectively.		06.3442
Arthralgia
Pain in the joint.		03.3560
Myalgia
Painful sensation in the muscles.		02.5720
Conjunctival Diseases
Diseases involving the CONJUNCTIVA.		02.8430
Gastroenteritis
INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER.		04.1931
Endometrioma
An enlarged area of ENDOMETRIOSIS that resembles a tumor. It is usually found in the OVARY. When it is filled with old blood, it is known as a chocolate cyst.		02.3110
Endometriosis
A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum.		07.3110
Acute Q Fever
[description not available]		02.3110
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion
[description not available]		02.3110
Reperfusion Injury
Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.		02.3110
Bone Diseases, Infectious
Bone diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms.		03.2310
Arthropathies
[description not available]		04.7230
Joint Diseases
Diseases involving the JOINTS.		04.7230
Infective Endocarditis
[description not available]		03.7830
Leg Ulcer
Ulceration of the skin and underlying structures of the lower extremity. About 90% of the cases are due to venous insufficiency (VARICOSE ULCER), 5% to arterial disease, and the remaining 5% to other causes.		03.4720
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening.		15.7830
Pain, Intractable
Persistent pain that is refractory to some or all forms of treatment.		02.1510
Peripheral Nerve Diseases
[description not available]		02.8330
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.		02.8330
Thrombopenia
[description not available]		02.9740
Thrombocytopenia
A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.		02.9740
Enlarged Liver
[description not available]		02.5220
Enlarged Spleen
[description not available]		02.4320
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
[description not available]		09.1194
Intra-Abdominal Infections
[description not available]		08.3685
Intraabdominal Infections
Infection within the PERITONEAL CAVITY. A frequent cause is an ANASTOMOTIC LEAK following surgery.		08.3685
Cardiovascular Stroke
[description not available]		02.830
Myocardial Infarction
NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).		07.830
Allergic Acute Coronary Syndrome
[description not available]		02.1510
Uremia
A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms.		03.5311
Tongue, Hairy
A benign condition of the tongue characterized by hypertrophy of the filiform papillae that give the dorsum of the tongue a furry appearance. The color of the elongated papillae varies from yellowish white to brown or black, depending upon staining by substances such as tobacco, food, or drugs. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.1510
Smoking Cessation
Discontinuing the habit of SMOKING.		02.1510
Colonic Inertia
Symptom characterized by the passage of stool once a week or less.		03.8621
Constriction, Pathological
[description not available]		02.1510
Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory
[description not available]		02.5420
Colicky Pain
[description not available]		03.4820
Pityriasis Rosea
A mild exanthematous inflammation of unknown etiology. It is characterized by the presence of salmon-colored maculopapular lesions. The most striking feature is the arrangement of the lesions such that the long axis is parallel to the lines of cleavage. The eruptions are usually generalized, affecting chiefly the trunk, and the course is often self-limiting.		02.1510
Constipation
Infrequent or difficult evacuation of FECES. These symptoms are associated with a variety of causes, including low DIETARY FIBER intake, emotional or nervous disturbances, systemic and structural disorders, drug-induced aggravation, and infections.		03.8621
Constriction, Pathologic
The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions.		02.1510
Intestinal Obstruction
Any impairment, arrest, or reversal of the normal flow of INTESTINAL CONTENTS toward the ANAL CANAL.		02.1510
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS.		02.5420
Abdominal Pain
Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region.		03.4820
Flavobacteriaceae Infections
Infections with bacteria of the family FLAVOBACTERIACEAE.		02.7930
Nasopharyngitis
Inflammation of the NASOPHARYNX, usually including its mucosa, related lymphoid structure, and glands.		02.1510
Ulcer
A lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue.		02.5120
Moraxella Infections
[description not available]		05.6132
Cancer of Skin
[description not available]		02.4820
Skin Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.		02.4820
Hypermelanosis
[description not available]		03.0840
Hyperpigmentation
Excessive pigmentation of the skin, usually as a result of increased epidermal or dermal melanin pigmentation, hypermelanosis. Hyperpigmentation can be localized or generalized. The condition may arise from exposure to light, chemicals or other substances, or from a primary metabolic imbalance.		03.0840
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease
[description not available]		02.7330
BOOP
[description not available]		02.1510
Lung Diseases, Interstitial
A diverse group of lung diseases that affect the lung parenchyma. They are characterized by an initial inflammation of PULMONARY ALVEOLI that extends to the interstitium and beyond leading to diffuse PULMONARY FIBROSIS. Interstitial lung diseases are classified by their etiology (known or unknown causes), and radiological-pathological features.		02.7330
Dysentery
Acute inflammation of the intestine associated with infectious DIARRHEA of various etiologies, generally acquired by eating contaminated food containing TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL derived from BACTERIA or other microorganisms. Dysentery is characterized initially by watery FECES then by bloody mucoid stools. It is often associated with ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and DEHYDRATION.		03.8621
Eye Disorders
[description not available]		02.7330
Eye Diseases
Diseases affecting the eye.		02.7330
Aging
The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.		05.9952
Precordial Catch
[description not available]		02.5720
Chest Pain
Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.		02.5720
Deficiency, IgA
[description not available]		02.1710
Mental Retardation, X-Linked
A class of genetic disorders resulting in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY that is associated either with mutations of GENES located on the X CHROMOSOME or aberrations in the structure of the X chromosome (SEX CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS).		02.1710
Deficiency, IgG
[description not available]		02.1710
Cardiovascular Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.		03.940
Phlegmon
[description not available]		04.8170
Cardiac Failure
[description not available]		05.152
Cellulitis
An acute, diffuse, and suppurative inflammation of loose connective tissue, particularly the deep subcutaneous tissues, and sometimes muscle, which is most commonly seen as a result of infection of a wound, ulcer, or other skin lesions.		16.8170
Heart Failure
A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.		05.152
Breast Diseases
Pathological processes of the BREAST.		02.1510
Pyomyositis
An intramuscular suppuration of the large skeletal muscle groups. It is associated with INFECTION such as STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS and PYODERMA. It was known as a tropical disease but is increasing among the immunocompromised (IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST). Symptoms include muscle pain, FEVER, and leucocytosis. It has been diagnosed by MRI SCANS.		02.1510
Bone Inflammation
[description not available]		02.7930
Leucocythaemia
[description not available]		07.8395
Leukemia
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)		07.8395
Teeth, Impacted
[description not available]		03.5311
Atheroma
[description not available]		02.1510
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.		03.5120
Skin Diseases, Vascular
Skin diseases affecting or involving the cutaneous blood vessels and generally manifested as inflammation, swelling, erythema, or necrosis in the affected area.		02.1510
Urethritis
Inflammation involving the URETHRA. Similar to CYSTITIS, clinical symptoms range from vague discomfort to painful urination (DYSURIA), urethral discharge, or both.		04.89130
Kidney Stones
[description not available]		04.1431
Kidney Calculi
Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.		04.1431
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal
A febrile disease caused by STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.		09.9465
Parotiditis
[description not available]		02.1510
Asialia
[description not available]		02.1510
Xerostomia
Decreased salivary flow.		02.1510
Bleb
[description not available]		03.1650
Anasarca
[description not available]		03.0140
Edema
Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.		03.0140
Pain, Chronic
[description not available]		04.4922
Pelvic Pain
Pain in the pelvic region of genital and non-genital origin.		06.8164
Chronic Pain
Aching sensation that persists for more than a few months. It may or may not be associated with trauma or disease, and may persist after the initial injury has healed. Its localization, character, and timing are more vague than with acute pain.		04.4922
Pericementitis
[description not available]		02.7630
Periodontitis
Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology)		07.7630
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever
[description not available]		02.1510
Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola
A highly fatal, acute hemorrhagic fever caused by EBOLAVIRUS.		02.1510
Neurilemoma
[description not available]		02.1510
Neurilemmoma
A neoplasm that arises from SCHWANN CELLS of the cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. Clinically, these tumors may present as a cranial neuropathy, abdominal or soft tissue mass, intracranial lesion, or with spinal cord compression. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, highly vascular, and composed of a homogenous pattern of biphasic fusiform-shaped cells that may have a palisaded appearance. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp964-5)		02.1510
Soft Tissue Neoplasms
Neoplasms of whatever cell type or origin, occurring in the extraskeletal connective tissue framework of the body including the organs of locomotion and their various component structures, such as nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, etc.		02.1510
Enteritis
Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.		02.4520
Ectropion
The turning outward (eversion) of the edge of the eyelid, resulting in the exposure of the palpebral conjunctiva. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.1710
Rupture
Forcible or traumatic tear or break of an organ or other soft part of the body.		04.96140
Injuries, Tendon
[description not available]		04.260
Pancytopenia
Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets.		02.4820
Bites
[description not available]		04.3470
Injuries
Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used.		04.821
Drug Abuse, Intravenous
[description not available]		03.5120
Wounds and Injuries
Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.		04.821
Abscess, Pulmonary
[description not available]		02.8330
Lung Abscess
Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the lung parenchyma as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other agents.		02.8330
Colitis, Granulomatous
[description not available]		02.4620
Intestinal Perforation
Opening or penetration through the wall of the INTESTINES.		02.7630
Abscess, Abdominal
[description not available]		02.4720
Crohn Disease
A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients.		02.4620
Abdominal Abscess
An abscess located in the abdominal cavity, i.e., the cavity between the diaphragm above and the pelvis below. (From Dorland, 27th ed)		02.4720
Adnexitis
Inflammation of the uterine appendages (ADNEXA UTERI) including infection of the FALLOPIAN TUBES (SALPINGITIS), the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), or the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS).		09.56106
Infections, Chlamydia
[description not available]		08.71245
Primary Peritonitis
[description not available]		06.05101
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
A spectrum of inflammation involving the female upper genital tract and the supporting tissues. It is usually caused by an ascending infection of organisms from the endocervix. Infection may be confined to the uterus (ENDOMETRITIS), the FALLOPIAN TUBES; (SALPINGITIS); the ovaries (OOPHORITIS), the supporting ligaments (PARAMETRITIS), or may involve several of the above uterine appendages. Such inflammation can lead to functional impairment and infertility.		111.56106
Chlamydia Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.		013.71245
Peritonitis
INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs.		011.05101
Acidosis, Respiratory
Respiratory retention of carbon dioxide. It may be chronic or acute.		02.1710
Airway Obstruction
Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs.		02.1710
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		04.4522
Cancer of Liver
[description not available]		04.732
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.		04.4522
Liver Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.		04.732
Anterior Cerebral Circulation Infarction
[description not available]		02.1710
Chorea Disorders
[description not available]		02.1710
Dyskinesia, Medication-Induced
[description not available]		02.4520
Chorea
Involuntary, forcible, rapid, jerky movements that may be subtle or become confluent, markedly altering normal patterns of movement. Hypotonia and pendular reflexes are often associated. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent episodes of chorea as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as CHOREATIC DISORDERS. Chorea is also a frequent manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.		07.1710
Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced
Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)		02.4520
Brain Infarction
Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.		02.1710
Symptom Cluster
[description not available]		06.6773
Syndrome
A characteristic symptom complex.		06.6773
Dermatitis, Irritant
A non-allergic contact dermatitis caused by prolonged exposure to irritants and not explained by delayed hypersensitivity mechanisms.		02.1710
Algodystrophic Syndrome
[description not available]		02.1710
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
A syndrome characterized by severe burning pain in an extremity accompanied by sudomotor, vasomotor, and trophic changes in bone without an associated specific nerve injury. This condition is most often precipitated by trauma to soft tissue or nerve complexes. The skin over the affected region is usually erythematous and demonstrates hypersensitivity to tactile stimuli and erythema. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1360; Pain 1995 Oct;63(1):127-33)		02.1710
Aspiration, Respiratory
[description not available]		02.1710
Empyema, Thoracic
[description not available]		02.4720
Empyema, Pleural
Suppurative inflammation of the pleural space.		02.4720
Erysipelothrix Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus ERYSIPELOTHRIX.		02.1710
Hepatic Failure
[description not available]		02.1710
Liver Failure
Severe inability of the LIVER to perform its normal metabolic functions, as evidenced by severe JAUNDICE and abnormal serum levels of AMMONIA; BILIRUBIN; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASES; and albumin/globulin ratio. (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed)		02.1710
Discitis
Inflammation of an INTERVERTEBRAL DISC or disk space which may lead to disk erosion. Until recently, discitis has been defined as a nonbacterial inflammation and has been attributed to aseptic processes (e.g., chemical reaction to an injected substance). However, recent studies provide evidence that infection may be the initial cause, but perhaps not the promoter, of most cases of discitis. Discitis has been diagnosed in patients following discography, myelography, lumbar puncture, paravertebral injection, and obstetrical epidural anesthesia. Discitis following chemonucleolysis (especially with chymopapain) is attributed to chemical reaction by some and to introduction of microorganisms by others.		08.7190
Infections, Pasteurellaceae
[description not available]		03.9221
Day Blindness
[description not available]		03.0340
Episcleritis
[description not available]		02.1710
Intraocular Pressure
The pressure of the fluids in the eye.		02.7930
Pterygium
An abnormal triangular fold of membrane in the interpalpebral fissure, extending from the conjunctiva to the cornea, being immovably united to the cornea at its apex, firmly attached to the sclera throughout its middle portion, and merged with the conjunctiva at its base. (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.1710
Scleritis
Refers to any inflammation of the sclera including episcleritis, a benign condition affecting only the episclera, which is generally short-lived and easily treated. Classic scleritis, on the other hand, affects deeper tissue and is characterized by higher rates of visual acuity loss and even mortality, particularly in necrotizing form. Its characteristic symptom is severe and general head pain. Scleritis has also been associated with systemic collagen disease. Etiology is unknown but is thought to involve a local immune response. Treatment is difficult and includes administration of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents such as corticosteroids. Inflammation of the sclera may also be secondary to inflammation of adjacent tissues, such as the conjunctiva.		02.1710
Eye Pain
A dull or sharp painful sensation associated with the outer or inner structures of the eyeball, having different causes.		02.1710
Impetigo Contagiosa
[description not available]		02.4420
Impetigo
A common superficial bacterial infection caused by STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS or group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Characteristics include pustular lesions that rupture and discharge a thin, amber-colored fluid that dries and forms a crust. This condition is commonly located on the face, especially about the mouth and nose.		02.4420
Wounds, Gunshot
Disruption of structural continuity of the body as a result of the discharge of firearms.		02.1710
Eye Injuries, Penetrating
Deeply perforating or puncturing type intraocular injuries.		02.4820
Chorioretinitis
Inflammation of the choroid in which the sensory retina becomes edematous and opaque. The inflammatory cells and exudate may burst through the sensory retina to cloud the vitreous body.		02.1710
Carcinoma, Anaplastic
[description not available]		02.4620
Infections, Pasteurella
[description not available]		02.1510
Carcinoma
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.		02.4620
Anoxemia
[description not available]		02.1310
Hypoxia
Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.		07.1310
Nasal Catarrh
[description not available]		05.7571
Nasal Polyps
Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations.		02.5320
Rhinitis
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.		05.7571
Thrombotic Microangiopathies
Diseases that result in THROMBOSIS in MICROVASCULATURE. The two most prominent diseases are PURPURA, THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC; and HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME. Multiple etiological factors include VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELL damage due to SHIGA TOXIN; FACTOR H deficiency; and aberrant VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR formation.		02.1710
Infections, Microspora
[description not available]		02.5820
Biliary or Urinary Stones
[description not available]		02.1310
Hematospermia
[description not available]		02.1310
Autosomal Hemophilia A
[description not available]		02.2510
Hemophilia A
The classic hemophilia resulting from a deficiency of factor VIII. It is an inherited disorder of blood coagulation characterized by a permanent tendency to hemorrhage.		07.2510
Eye Foreign Bodies
Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the eye.		03.8721
Bacterial Conjunctivitides
[description not available]		08.07147
Conjunctivitis, Bacterial
Purulent infections of the conjunctiva by several species of gram-negative, gram-positive, or acid-fast organisms. Some of the more commonly found genera causing conjunctival infections are Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Chlamydia.		110.07147
Fusobacterium Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus FUSOBACTERIUM.		02.1710
Coma
A profound state of unconsciousness associated with depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be aroused. Coma generally occurs when there is dysfunction or injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION.		02.1710
Orientia tsutsugamushi Infection
[description not available]		03.0140
Scrub Typhus
An acute infectious disease caused by ORIENTIA TSUTSUGAMUSHI. It is limited to eastern and southeastern Asia, India, northern Australia, and the adjacent islands. Characteristics include the formation of a primary cutaneous lesion at the site of the bite of an infected mite, fever lasting about two weeks, and a maculopapular rash.		03.0140
Encephalopathy, Toxic
[description not available]		03.940
Actinic Reticuloid Syndrome
[description not available]		03.1250
Atrioventricular Nodal Re-Entrant Tachycardia
[description not available]		02.9640
Ventricular Flutter
A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia characterized by an extremely rapid, hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia (150-300 beats/min) with a large oscillating sine-wave appearance. If untreated, ventricular flutter typically progresses to VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION.		02.1710
Ventricular Fibrillation
A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.		02.1710
Tachycardia, Ventricular
An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).		02.9640
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
[description not available]		02.1710
Sore Throat
[description not available]		04.0650
Travel Sickness
[description not available]		02.5920
Tuberculosis, Miliary
An acute form of TUBERCULOSIS in which minute tubercles are formed in a number of organs of the body due to dissemination of the bacilli through the blood stream.		02.5520
Herpes Simplex
A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)		02.1710
Pharyngitis
Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).		09.0650
Sinusitis, Maxillary
[description not available]		08.52125
Maxillary Sinusitis
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the MAXILLARY SINUS. In many cases, it is caused by an infection of the bacteria HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; or STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.		110.52125
Cardiac Death
[description not available]		04.3920
DRESS Syndrome
[description not available]		02.5720
Adenopathy
[description not available]		02.2110
Dermatitis Exfoliativa
[description not available]		02.6320
Sclerosis, Systemic
[description not available]		02.4720
Sicca Syndrome
[description not available]		02.2110
Dermatitis, Exfoliative
The widespread involvement of the skin by a scaly, erythematous dermatitis occurring either as a secondary or reactive process to an underlying cutaneous disorder (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc.), or as a primary or idiopathic disease. It is often associated with the loss of hair and nails, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, and pruritus. (From Dorland, 27th ed)		02.6320
Scleroderma, Systemic
A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS, the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA.		02.4720
Sjogren's Syndrome
Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid arthritis.		02.2110
Chlamydial Pneumonia
Pneumonia caused by infections with the genus CHLAMYDIA; and CHLAMYDOPHILA, usually with CHLAMYDOPHILA PNEUMONIAE.		02.2110
Corneal Edema
An excessive amount of fluid in the cornea due to damage of the epithelium or endothelium causing decreased visual acuity.		02.5720
Break-Bone Fever
[description not available]		02.2110
Dengue
An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.		02.2110
Candidemia
A form of invasive candidiasis where species of CANDIDA are present in the blood.		02.5220
Benign Intracranial Hypertension
[description not available]		02.2110
Pseudotumor Cerebri
A condition marked by raised intracranial pressure and characterized clinically by HEADACHES; NAUSEA; PAPILLEDEMA, peripheral constriction of the visual fields, transient visual obscurations, and pulsatile TINNITUS. OBESITY is frequently associated with this condition, which primarily affects women between 20 and 44 years of age. Chronic PAPILLEDEMA may lead to optic nerve injury (see OPTIC NERVE DISEASES) and visual loss (see BLINDNESS).		02.2110
Athletic Injuries
Injuries incurred during participation in competitive or non-competitive sports.		02.2110
Dysgeusia
A condition characterized by alterations of the sense of taste which may range from mild to severe, including gross distortions of taste quality.		05.7521
Emphysema
A pathological accumulation of air in tissues or organs.		02.4620
Altered Level of Consciousness
[description not available]		02.2110
Encephalitis Infection
[description not available]		02.2110
Brain Disorders
[description not available]		02.2110
Hyperventilation
A pulmonary ventilation rate faster than is metabolically necessary for the exchange of gases. It is the result of an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal volume, or a combination of both. It causes an excess intake of oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide.		07.2110
Brain Diseases
Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.		02.2110
Cancer of Prostate
[description not available]		07.71104
Prostatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.		07.71104
Autoimmune Disease
[description not available]		02.2110
Deficiency, Factor 5
[description not available]		02.2110
Autoimmune Diseases
Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.		02.2110
Libman-Sacks Disease
[description not available]		03.6930
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.		03.6930
Cholangitis
Inflammation of the biliary ductal system (BILE DUCTS); intrahepatic, extrahepatic, or both.		010.2241
Aneurysm, Thoracic Aortic
[description not available]		02.2110
Aortic Dissection
[description not available]		02.2110
Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic
An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the THORACIC AORTA. This proximal descending portion of aorta gives rise to the visceral and the parietal branches above the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.		02.2110
Arthritis, Degenerative
[description not available]		06.4251
Adenoma, Prostatic
[description not available]		05.0431
Osteoarthritis
A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.		06.4251
Prostatic Hyperplasia
Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both.		17.0431
Humeral Fractures
Fractures of the HUMERUS.		02.2110
Corneal Angiogenesis
[description not available]		02.2110
Corneal Neovascularization
New blood vessels originating from the corneal blood vessels and extending from the limbus into the adjacent CORNEAL STROMA. Neovascularization in the superficial and/or deep corneal stroma is a sequel to numerous inflammatory diseases of the ocular anterior segment, such as TRACHOMA, viral interstitial KERATITIS, microbial KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS, and the immune response elicited by CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION.		07.2110
Leg Dermatoses
A nonspecific term used to denote any cutaneous lesion or group of lesions, or eruptions of any type on the leg. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		02.2110
Epididymitis
Inflammation of the EPIDIDYMIS. Its clinical features include enlarged epididymis, a swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.		09.0350
Sterility, Male
[description not available]		04.2131
Infertility, Male
The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.		04.2131
Bone Diseases
Diseases of BONES.		03.4820
Female Genital Diseases
[description not available]		02.9240
Genital Diseases, Female
Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).		02.9240
Acute Yellow Atrophy
[description not available]		02.2110
Light Sensitivity
[description not available]		02.2110
Cellulitis, Orbital
[description not available]		02.5820
Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
[description not available]		02.2110
Foot Ulcer
Lesion on the surface of the skin of the foot, usually accompanied by inflammation. The lesion may become infected or necrotic and is frequently associated with diabetes or leprosy.		02.8530
Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic
An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in terminal arterioles and capillaries. Clinical features include THROMBOCYTOPENIA; HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; AZOTEMIA; FEVER; and thrombotic microangiopathy. The classical form also includes neurological symptoms and end-organ damage, such as RENAL FAILURE. Mutations in the ADAMTS13 PROTEIN gene have been identified in familial cases.		02.2110
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		02.0810
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		02.0810
Chronic Bronchitis
[description not available]		09.311610
Bronchitis, Chronic
A subcategory of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of chronic bronchitis.		111.311610
Blood Loss, Postoperative
[description not available]		03.4711
Absence Seizure
[description not available]		07.6181
Seizures
Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.		07.6181
Lung Injury, Ventilator-Induced
[description not available]		02.0810
Cervicitis
[description not available]		05.262
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact.		03.8521
Uterine Cervicitis
Inflammation of the UTERINE CERVIX.		010.262
Bewilderment
[description not available]		02.9540
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
[description not available]		08.1650
Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated
Serious INFLAMMATION of the LUNG in patients who required the use of PULMONARY VENTILATOR. It is usually caused by bacterial CROSS INFECTION in hospitals.		03.1650
Polyomavirus Infections
Infections with POLYOMAVIRUS, which are often cultured from the urine of kidney transplant patients. Excretion of BK VIRUS is associated with ureteral strictures and CYSTITIS, and that of JC VIRUS with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL).		07.6183
Fibroma, Shope
[description not available]		07.6183
Besnier-Boeck Disease
[description not available]		04.7921
Dermatoses
[description not available]		08.9383
Sarcoidosis
An idiopathic systemic inflammatory granulomatous disorder comprised of epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells with little necrosis. It usually invades the lungs with fibrosis and may also involve lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes, phalangeal bones, and parotid glands.		16.7921
Skin Diseases
Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.		110.9383
Hallucination of Body Sensation
[description not available]		02.7330
MS (Multiple Sclerosis)
[description not available]		02.0810
Psychoses
[description not available]		02.0810
Hallucinations
Subjectively experienced sensations in the absence of an appropriate stimulus, but which are regarded by the individual as real. They may be of organic origin or associated with MENTAL DISORDERS.		02.7330
Multiple Sclerosis
An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)		07.0810
Psychotic Disorders
Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994)		02.0810
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial
Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal.		03.4270
Hyperglycemia
Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.		08.4270
Central Pontine Myelinolysis
[description not available]		02.4620
Autoimmune Diabetes
[description not available]		02.4620
Flaccid Quadriplegia
[description not available]		02.4620
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.		02.4620
Apnea, Obstructive Sleep
[description not available]		02.0810
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
A disorder characterized by recurrent apneas during sleep despite persistent respiratory efforts. It is due to upper airway obstruction. The respiratory pauses may induce HYPERCAPNIA or HYPOXIA. Cardiac arrhythmias and elevation of systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures may occur. Frequent partial arousals occur throughout sleep, resulting in relative SLEEP DEPRIVATION and daytime tiredness. Associated conditions include OBESITY; ACROMEGALY; MYXEDEMA; micrognathia; MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY; adenotonsilar dystrophy; and NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p395)		02.0810
Airway Remodeling
The structural changes in the number, mass, size and/or composition of the airway tissues.		02.0810
Eosinophilia, Pulmonary
[description not available]		02.4420
Hemoptysis
Expectoration or spitting of blood originating from any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, usually from hemorrhage in the lung parenchyma (PULMONARY ALVEOLI) and the BRONCHIAL ARTERIES.		02.7730
Hyperplasia
An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.		02.0810
Pulmonary Eosinophilia
A condition characterized by infiltration of the lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other disease processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents.		02.4420
Emergencies
Situations or conditions requiring immediate intervention to avoid serious adverse results.		04.5550
Pyogenic Sacroiliitis
[description not available]		03.6830
Abscess, Psoas
[description not available]		03.4220
Puerperal Disorders
Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans.		0310
Granulomas
[description not available]		03.8640
Wounds, Penetrating
Wounds caused by objects penetrating the skin.		02.0810
Granuloma
A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents.		08.8640
Periphlebitis
Periphlebitis is inflammation of the outer coat of a vein or of tissues surrounding the vein.		02.7430
Phlebitis
Inflammation of a vein, often a vein in the leg. Phlebitis associated with a blood clot is called (THROMBOPHLEBITIS).		02.7430
Autoimmune Chronic Hepatitis
[description not available]		02.5220
Eosinophilia, Tropical
[description not available]		02.5220
Eosinophilia
Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.		02.5220
Hepatitis, Autoimmune
A chronic self-perpetuating hepatocellular INFLAMMATION of unknown cause, usually with HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA and serum AUTOANTIBODIES.		02.5220
Diffuse Lymphocytic Lymphoma, Poorly-Differentiated
[description not available]		02.7530
Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell
A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small cleaved cells. It accounts for about 5% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the United States and Europe. The majority of mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14) translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene (GENES, BCL-1).		02.7530
Inguinal Hernia
[description not available]		04.3911
Hernia, Inguinal
An abdominal hernia with an external bulge in the GROIN region. It can be classified by the location of herniation. Indirect inguinal hernias occur through the internal inguinal ring. Direct inguinal hernias occur through defects in the ABDOMINAL WALL (transversalis fascia) in Hesselbach's triangle. The former type is commonly seen in children and young adults; the latter in adults.		04.3911
Bacteriuria
The presence of bacteria in the urine which is normally bacteria-free. These bacteria are from the URINARY TRACT and are not contaminants of the surrounding tissues. Bacteriuria can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Significant bacteriuria is an indicator of urinary tract infection.		07.0184
Pyuria
The presence of white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) in the urine. It is often associated with bacterial infections of the urinary tract. Pyuria without BACTERIURIA can be caused by TUBERCULOSIS, stones, or cancer.		05.4353
Brain Inflammation
[description not available]		02.1110
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition.		07.1110
Cranial Nerve Diseases
Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate.		02.0810
Diathesis
[description not available]		06.85101
Erysipelas
An acute infection of the skin caused by species of STREPTOCOCCUS. This disease most frequently affects infants, young children, and the elderly. Characteristics include pink-to-red lesions that spread rapidly and are warm to the touch. The commonest site of involvement is the face.		02.4520
Intertrigo
A superficial dermatitis occurring on skin surfaces in contact with each other, such as the axillae, neck creases, intergluteal fold, between the toes, etc. Obesity is a predisposing factor. The condition is caused by moisture and friction and is characterized by erythema, maceration, burning, and exudation.		02.0810
Obesity
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).		03.8621
Uveitis, Anterior
Inflammation of the anterior uvea comprising the iris, angle structures, and the ciliary body. Manifestations of this disorder include ciliary injection, exudation into the anterior chamber, iris changes, and adhesions between the iris and lens (posterior synechiae). Intraocular pressure may be increased or reduced.		03.7130
Abnormalities, Autosome
[description not available]		02.9440
Dyskinesia Syndromes
[description not available]		02.110
Diverticulitis
Inflammation of a DIVERTICULUM or diverticula.		02.110
Movement Disorders
Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerative, hereditary, post-infectious, medication-induced, post-inflammatory, and post-traumatic conditions.		02.110
Empyema
Presence of pus in a hollow organ or body cavity.		07.4820
Gastritis, Atrophic
GASTRITIS with atrophy of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, the GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS, and the mucosal glands leading to ACHLORHYDRIA. Atrophic gastritis usually progresses from chronic gastritis.		02.0810
Brain Abscess
A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate in the brain, due to bacterial and other infections. The majority are caused by spread of infected material from a focus of suppuration elsewhere in the body, notably the PARANASAL SINUSES, middle ear (see EAR, MIDDLE); HEART (see also ENDOCARDITIS, BACTERIAL), and LUNG. Penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES may also be associated with this condition. Clinical manifestations include HEADACHE; SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits; and alterations of consciousness. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp712-6)		03.420
Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral
[description not available]		02.0810
Dysarthosis
[description not available]		02.0810
Granuloma, Hodgkin
[description not available]		03.3720
Blood Pressure, High
[description not available]		02.4920
Nervous System Disorders
[description not available]		02.4420
Cerebral Hemorrhage
Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.		02.0810
Hodgkin Disease
A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen.		03.3720
Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.		02.4920
Nervous System Diseases
Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.		02.4420
Dermatitis
Any inflammation of the skin.		08.3720
Microbial Superinvasion
[description not available]		04.1331
Alcohol Abuse
[description not available]		02.110
Alcoholism
A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)		02.110
Pocket, Periodontal
[description not available]		04.9742
Periodontal Pocket
An abnormal extension of a gingival sulcus accompanied by the apical migration of the epithelial attachment and bone resorption.		04.9742
Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure
[description not available]		03.3560
Respiratory Insufficiency
Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed)		03.3560
Chylopericardium
[description not available]		02.4620
Pleuropericarditis
Inflammation of both the PERICARDIUM and the PLEURA.		02.7330
Pericardial Effusion
Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous effusions are associated with pericardial diseases. Hemopericardium is associated with trauma. Lipid-containing effusion (chylopericardium) results from leakage of THORACIC DUCT. Severe cases can lead to CARDIAC TAMPONADE.		02.4620
Pericarditis
Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM from various origins, such as infection, neoplasm, autoimmune process, injuries, or drug-induced. Pericarditis usually leads to PERICARDIAL EFFUSION, or CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS.		07.7330
Cardiac Rupture, Traumatic
[description not available]		02.110
Wounds, Stab
Penetrating wounds caused by a pointed object.		02.110
Posterior Capsular Rupture, Ocular
A breach in the continuity of the posterior chamber of the eyeball.		02.110
Astheno Teratozoospermia
[description not available]		03.4711
Genital Tract Infections
[description not available]		03.4711
Viremia
The presence of viruses in the blood.		011.1232
Eyelid Diseases
Diseases involving the EYELIDS.		02.110
Attachment Loss, Periodontal
[description not available]		04.4522
Adult Periodontitis
[description not available]		04.4522
Dental Plaque
A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from salivary glands, and microorganisms.		04.4522
Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Disease
[description not available]		02.7330
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial
Bacterial diseases transmitted or propagated by sexual conduct.		02.7330
Cerebral Ventriculitis
Inflammation of CEREBRAL VENTRICLES.		02.110
Erythrophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, Familial
[description not available]		02.520
Blood Diseases
[description not available]		02.4420
Leprosy, Cutaneous
[description not available]		02.110
Hematologic Diseases
Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.		02.4420
Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic
A group of related disorders characterized by LYMPHOCYTOSIS; HISTIOCYTOSIS; and hemophagocytosis. The two major forms are familial and reactive.		02.520
Bile Duct Diseases
Diseases in any part of the ductal system of the BILIARY TRACT from the smallest BILE CANALICULI to the largest COMMON BILE DUCT.		02.110
Liver Dysfunction
[description not available]		03.4270
Liver Diseases
Pathological processes of the LIVER.		03.4270
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		04.5451
Infarction, Pulmonary
[description not available]		02.1110
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		04.5451
Acquired Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
[description not available]		02.110
B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
[description not available]		02.110
Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune
Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of AUTOANTIBODIES which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own RED BLOOD CELLS.		02.110
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell
A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same disease.		02.110
Angiitis
[description not available]		03.1550
Vasculitis
Inflammation of any one of the blood vessels, including the ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.		08.1550
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies
[description not available]		02.5120
Ambulation Difficulty
[description not available]		02.4820
Myositis
Inflammation of a muscle or muscle tissue.		02.5120
Amnesia-Memory Loss
[description not available]		02.110
Dysesthesia
[description not available]		02.110
Amnesia
Pathologic partial or complete loss of the ability to recall past experiences (AMNESIA, RETROGRADE) or to form new memories (AMNESIA, ANTEROGRADE). This condition may be of organic or psychologic origin. Organic forms of amnesia are usually associated with dysfunction of the DIENCEPHALON or HIPPOCAMPUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp426-7)		07.110
Depression
Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.		07.110
Cirrhosis, Liver
[description not available]		03.3920
Liver Cirrhosis
Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.		03.3920
Chronic Hepatitis B
[description not available]		07.4620
Hepatitis, Infectious
[description not available]		02.110
Paratyphoid Fever
A prolonged febrile illness commonly caused by several Paratyphi serotypes of SALMONELLA ENTERICA. It is similar to TYPHOID FEVER but less severe.		02.110
Hepatitis A
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water.		02.110
Hepatitis B, Chronic
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.		02.4620
Chondromalacia
Softening and degeneration of the CARTILAGE.		04.411
Cartilage Diseases
Pathological processes involving the chondral tissue (CARTILAGE).		04.411
Fungal Diseases
[description not available]		04.6330
Mycoses
Diseases caused by FUNGI.		04.6330
Allergic Conjunctivitis
[description not available]		03.0110
Dry Eye
[description not available]		03.0110
Conjunctivitis, Allergic
Conjunctivitis due to hypersensitivity to various allergens.		03.0110
Dry Eye Syndromes
Corneal and conjunctival dryness due to deficient tear production, predominantly in menopausal and post-menopausal women. Filamentary keratitis or erosion of the conjunctival and corneal epithelium may be caused by these disorders. Sensation of the presence of a foreign body in the eye and burning of the eyes may occur.		03.0110
Retinal Dystrophies
A group of disorders involving predominantly the posterior portion of the ocular fundus, due to degeneration in the sensory layer of the RETINA; RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; BRUCH MEMBRANE; CHOROID; or a combination of these tissues.		02.1110
Anemia, Hemolytic, Acquired
[description not available]		02.110
Anemia, Hemolytic
A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES).		02.110
Toxemia
A condition produced by the presence of toxins or other harmful substances in the BLOOD.		02.110
Disseminated Fusariosis
[description not available]		02.1110
Fusariosis
OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS with the soil fungus FUSARIUM. Typically the infection is limited to the nail plate (ONYCHOMYCOSIS). The infection can however become systemic especially in an IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST (e.g., NEUTROPENIA) and results in cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions, fever, KERATITIS, and pulmonary infections.		02.1110
Hypogammaglobulinemia
[description not available]		02.1110
Agammaglobulinemia
An immunologic deficiency state characterized by an extremely low level of generally all classes of gamma-globulin in the blood.		02.1110
Actinomycetales Infections
Infections with bacteria of the order ACTINOMYCETALES.		04.2260
Hyperlipemia
[description not available]		02.110
Hyperlipidemias
Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.		02.110
Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous
A chronic inflammatory condition of the KIDNEY resulting in diffuse renal destruction, a grossly enlarged and nonfunctioning kidney associated with NEPHROLITHIASIS and KIDNEY STONES.		02.1110
Urinary Fistula
An abnormal passage in any part of the URINARY TRACT between itself or with other organs.		02.1110
Muscular Weakness
[description not available]		02.4920
Palsy
[description not available]		02.5320
Paralysis
A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)		07.5320
Muscle Weakness
A vague complaint of debility, fatigue, or exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. The weakness can be characterized as subacute or chronic, often progressive, and is a manifestation of many muscle and neuromuscular diseases. (From Wyngaarden et al., Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p2251)		02.4920
Hemorrhage, Gingival
[description not available]		03.4811
Gingival Hemorrhage
The flowing of blood from the marginal gingival area, particularly the sulcus, seen in such conditions as GINGIVITIS, marginal PERIODONTITIS, injury, and ASCORBIC ACID DEFICIENCY.		03.4811
Deafness, Transitory
[description not available]		02.5220
Ataxia
Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions.		02.110
Cholera Infantum
[description not available]		011.14156
Central Hypothyroidism
[description not available]		02.110
Hypothyroidism
A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA. It may be primary or secondary due to other pituitary disease, or hypothalamic dysfunction.		02.110
Hearing Loss
A general term for the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear from one or both ears.		02.5220
Cornea Injuries
[description not available]		03.921
Corneal Injuries
Damage or trauma inflicted to the CORNEA by external means.		03.921
Corneal Diseases
Diseases of the cornea.		02.7730
Buruli Ulcer Disease
[description not available]		02.520
Buruli Ulcer
A lesion in the skin and subcutaneous tissues due to infections by MYCOBACTERIUM ULCERANS. It was first reported in Uganda, Africa.		02.520
Prosthesis Durability
[description not available]		02.1110
Brill-Symmers Disease
[description not available]		02.1110
Lymphoma, Follicular
Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES. The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES.		02.1110
Polyarthritis
[description not available]		02.9740
Arthritis
Acute or chronic inflammation of JOINTS.		02.9740
Experimental Radiation Injuries
[description not available]		02.1110
Vasculitis, Retinal
[description not available]		02.1110
Prostatic Diseases
Pathological processes involving the PROSTATE or its component tissues.		02.1110
Retinal Vasculitis
Inflammation of the retinal vasculature with various causes including infectious disease; LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; BEHCET SYNDROME; and CHORIORETINITIS.		02.1110
Dermatophytoses
[description not available]		03.0310
Tinea
Fungal infection of keratinized tissues such as hair, skin and nails. The main causative fungi include MICROSPORUM; TRICHOPHYTON; and EPIDERMOPHYTON.		03.0310
Infections, Tick-Borne
[description not available]		02.1110
Lung Injury, Acute
[description not available]		02.1110
Grippe
[description not available]		02.4820
Influenza, Human
An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.		14.4820
Acute Lung Injury
A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological).		02.1110
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.		09.62246
Actinomyces Infections
[description not available]		02.4720
Hyperprolactinaemia
[description not available]		02.1110
Granulomatous Mastitis
A rare, benign, inflammatory breast disease occurring in premenopausal women shortly after a recent pregnancy. The origin is unknown but it is commonly mistaken for malignancy and sometimes associated with BREAST FEEDING and the use of ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.		02.1110
Hyperprolactinemia
Increased levels of PROLACTIN in the BLOOD, which may be associated with AMENORRHEA and GALACTORRHEA. Relatively common etiologies include PROLACTINOMA, medication effect, KIDNEY FAILURE, granulomatous diseases of the PITUITARY GLAND, and disorders which interfere with the hypothalamic inhibition of prolactin release. Ectopic (non-pituitary) production of prolactin may also occur. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch36, pp77-8)		02.1110
Keratitis, Acanthamoeba
[description not available]		03.1850
Acanthamoeba Keratitis
Infection of the cornea by an ameboid protozoan which may cause corneal ulceration leading to blindness.		03.1850
Hand Dermatosis
[description not available]		02.4620
Hand Dermatoses
Skin diseases involving the HANDS.		02.4620
Pyoderma Gangrenosum
An idiopathic, rapidly evolving, and severely debilitating disease occurring most commonly in association with chronic ulcerative colitis. It is characterized by the presence of boggy, purplish ulcers with undermined borders, appearing mostly on the legs. The majority of cases are in people between 40 and 60 years old. Its etiology is unknown.		02.5320
Barrett Epithelium
[description not available]		02.1110
Esophageal Reflux
[description not available]		02.1110
Barrett Esophagus
A condition with damage to the lining of the lower ESOPHAGUS resulting from chronic acid reflux (ESOPHAGITIS, REFLUX). Through the process of metaplasia, the squamous cells are replaced by a columnar epithelium with cells resembling those of the INTESTINE or the salmon-pink mucosa of the STOMACH. Barrett's columnar epithelium is a marker for severe reflux and precursor to ADENOCARCINOMA of the esophagus.		02.1110
Gastroesophageal Reflux
Retrograde flow of gastric juice (GASTRIC ACID) and/or duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS; PANCREATIC JUICE) into the distal ESOPHAGUS, commonly due to incompetence of the LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER.		02.1110
Aneurysm, Bacterial
[description not available]		02.5220
Aneurysm, Iliac
[description not available]		02.1110
Cyclitis, Heterochromic
[description not available]		02.1110
Iridocyclitis
Acute or chronic inflammation of the iris and ciliary body characterized by exudates into the anterior chamber, discoloration of the iris, and constricted, sluggish pupil. Symptoms include radiating pain, photophobia, lacrimation, and interference with vision.		02.1110
Nasal Bleeding
[description not available]		02.4620
Bilateral Nasal Obstruction
[description not available]		02.1310
Nasal Diseases
[description not available]		02.1310
Angiogranuloma
[description not available]		02.1310
Epistaxis
Bleeding from the nose.		02.4620
Nasal Obstruction
Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the nose. The obstruction may be unilateral or bilateral, and may involve any part of the NASAL CAVITY.		02.1310
Abscess, Tubercular, Intracranial
[description not available]		02.1310
Dermatitis, Contact, Phototoxic
[description not available]		06.9362
Cicatrization
The formation of fibrous tissue in the place of normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. It includes scar tissue formation occurring in healing internal organs as well as in the skin after surface injuries.		02.7730
Deficiency, Magnesium
[description not available]		02.1110
Porphyria
[description not available]		02.1110
Leukemia, Pre-B-Cell
[description not available]		02.1110
Onycholysis
Separation of nail plate from the underlying nail bed. It can be a sign of skin disease, infection (such as ONYCHOMYCOSIS) or tissue injury.		02.1110
Cheilitis
Inflammation of the lips. It is of various etiologies and degrees of pathology.		02.1110
Cicatrix
The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING.		02.7730
Magnesium Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of magnesium in the diet, characterized by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, and weakness. Symptoms are paresthesias, muscle cramps, irritability, decreased attention span, and mental confusion, possibly requiring months to appear. Deficiency of body magnesium can exist even when serum values are normal. In addition, magnesium deficiency may be organ-selective, since certain tissues become deficient before others. (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1936)		02.1110
Porphyrias
A diverse group of metabolic diseases characterized by errors in the biosynthetic pathway of HEME in the LIVER, the BONE MARROW, or both. They are classified by the deficiency of specific enzymes, the tissue site of enzyme defect, or the clinical features that include neurological (acute) or cutaneous (skin lesions). Porphyrias can be hereditary or acquired as a result of toxicity to the hepatic or erythropoietic marrow tissues.		02.1110
Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and adolescents and characterized by a high number of lymphoblasts and solid tumor lesions. Frequent sites involve LYMPH NODES, skin, and bones. It most commonly presents as leukemia.		02.1110
Lethargy
A general state of sluggishness, listless, or uninterested, with being tired, and having difficulty concentrating and doing simple tasks. It may be related to DEPRESSION or DRUG ADDICTION.		02.1110
Lymphatic Diseases
Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC VESSELS.		02.4920
Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Systemic
[description not available]		04.7621
Flank Pain
Pain emanating from below the RIBS and above the ILIUM.		02.1110
Lassitude
[description not available]		02.1110
Fatigue
The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.		02.1110
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
A systemic inflammatory response to a variety of clinical insults, characterized by two or more of the following conditions: (1) fever		04.7621
Urethral Diseases
Pathological processes involving the URETHRA.		03.511
Conus Medullaris Syndrome
[description not available]		02.1110
Infections, Rickettsia
[description not available]		02.4320
Ischemia
A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.		03.8521
Malacoplakia
The formation of soft patches on the mucous membrane of a hollow organ, such as the urogenital tract or digestive tract.		03.8940
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
Opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma, cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium, and Cytomegalovirus.		010.87239
Gastric Diseases
[description not available]		04.4311
Acute Symptom Flare
[description not available]		04.4822
Elevated ICP (Intracranial Pressure)
[description not available]		02.4820
Intracranial Hypertension
Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including HYDROCEPHALUS; BRAIN EDEMA; intracranial masses; severe systemic HYPERTENSION; PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI; and other disorders.		02.4820
Tonsillitis
Inflammation of the tonsils, especially the PALATINE TONSILS but the ADENOIDS (pharyngeal tonsils) and lingual tonsils may also be involved. Tonsillitis usually is caused by bacterial infection. Tonsillitis may be acute, chronic, or recurrent.		07.4620
Dysphagia
[description not available]		02.1310
Mast Cell Activation Disease
[description not available]		02.1310
Deglutition Disorders
Difficulty in SWALLOWING which may result from neuromuscular disorder or mechanical obstruction. Dysphagia is classified into two distinct types: oropharyngeal dysphagia due to malfunction of the PHARYNX and UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER; and esophageal dysphagia due to malfunction of the ESOPHAGUS.		02.1310
Mastocytosis
A rare neoplastic disorder characterized by a clonal proliferation of MAST CELLS, associated with KIT-D816 mutations, and accompanied by aberrant mast cell activation. The abnormal increase of MAST CELLS may occur in only the skin (MASTOCYTOSIS, CUTANEOUS), in extracutaneous tissues involving multiple organs (MASTOCYTOSIS, SYSTEMIC), or in solid tumors (MASTOCYTOMA).		02.1310
Burns, Chemical
Burns caused by contact with or exposure to CAUSTICS or strong ACIDS.		02.1310
Nearsightedness
[description not available]		02.1310
Eye Burns
Injury to any part of the eye by extreme heat, chemical agents, or ultraviolet radiation.		02.1310
Myopia
A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness.		02.1310
Drug-Induced Stevens Johnson Syndrome
[description not available]		04.4780
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g., antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA, MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.		04.4780
Mastitis
INFLAMMATION of the BREAST, or MAMMARY GLAND.		02.1310
Hemarthrosis
Bleeding into the joints. It may arise from trauma or spontaneously in patients with hemophilia.		02.1310
Glenohumeral Dislocation
[description not available]		02.1310
Carcinoma, Thymic
[description not available]		02.4720
Cancer of the Thymus
[description not available]		02.1310
Thymoma
A neoplasm originating from thymic tissue, usually benign, and frequently encapsulated. Although it is occasionally invasive, metastases are extremely rare. It consists of any type of thymic epithelial cell as well as lymphocytes that are usually abundant. Malignant lymphomas that involve the thymus, e.g., lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease (previously termed granulomatous thymoma), should not be regarded as thymoma. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		02.4720
Thymus Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the THYMUS GLAND.		02.1310
Aortic Stenosis
[description not available]		03.0610
Facial Dermatoses
Skin diseases involving the FACE.		03.4320
Alcoholic Cirrhosis
[description not available]		03.0610
Aortic Valve Stenosis
A pathological constriction that can occur above (supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.		03.0610
Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic
FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to chronic excess ALCOHOL DRINKING.		03.0610
Dysentery, Shiga bacillus
[description not available]		02.4420
Dysentery, Bacillary
DYSENTERY caused by gram-negative rod-shaped enteric bacteria (ENTEROBACTERIACEAE), most often by the genus SHIGELLA. Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups according to syndrome severity and the infectious species. Group A: SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE (severest); Group B: SHIGELLA FLEXNERI; Group C: SHIGELLA BOYDII; and Group D: SHIGELLA SONNEI (mildest).		02.4420
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
[description not available]		02.1310
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.		02.1310
Affective Psychosis, Bipolar
[description not available]		02.4520
Celiac Sprue
[description not available]		02.1510
Dissociation
[description not available]		02.1510
Marasmus
[description not available]		02.1510
Bipolar Disorder
A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.		02.4520
Celiac Disease
A malabsorption syndrome that is precipitated by the ingestion of foods containing GLUTEN, such as wheat, rye, and barley. It is characterized by INFLAMMATION of the SMALL INTESTINE, loss of MICROVILLI structure, failed INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, and MALNUTRITION.		02.1510
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
The lack of sufficient energy or protein to meet the body's metabolic demands, as a result of either an inadequate dietary intake of protein, intake of poor quality dietary protein, increased demands due to disease, or increased nutrient losses.		02.1510
Remission, Spontaneous
A spontaneous diminution or abatement of a disease over time, without formal treatment.		02.1510
Pus
[description not available]		03.8521
Canaliculitis
Inflammation and infection of the lacrimal canaliculus area in the LACRIMAL APPARATUS.		02.1310
Psoriasis Arthropathica
[description not available]		02.1310
Endarteritis
Inflammation of the inner endothelial lining (TUNICA INTIMA) of an artery.		02.1310
Arthritis, Psoriatic
A type of inflammatory arthritis associated with PSORIASIS, often involving the axial joints and the peripheral terminal interphalangeal joints. It is characterized by the presence of HLA-B27-associated SPONDYLARTHROPATHY, and the absence of rheumatoid factor.		02.1310
Allergic Cutaneous Angiitis
[description not available]		02.1310
Haverhill Fever
[description not available]		02.1310
Infections, Listeria
[description not available]		03.8540
Acne
[description not available]		04.6932
Acne Vulgaris
A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but heredity and age are predisposing factors.		16.6932
Bone Cancer
[description not available]		02.4820
Bone Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.		02.4820
Chronic Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
[description not available]		02.1510
Glaucoma, Open-Angle
Glaucoma in which the angle of the anterior chamber is open and the trabecular meshwork does not encroach on the base of the iris.		02.1510
Malnourishment
[description not available]		02.1510
Malnutrition
An imbalanced nutritional status resulting from insufficient intake of nutrients to meet normal physiological requirement.		02.1510
Decreased Muscle Tone
[description not available]		02.1510
Pulmonary Hypertension
[description not available]		02.1510
Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive
A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease in which the ventricular walls are excessively rigid, impeding ventricular filling. It is marked by reduced diastolic volume of either or both ventricles but normal or nearly normal systolic function. It may be idiopathic or associated with other diseases (ENDOMYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS or AMYLOIDOSIS) causing interstitial fibrosis.		02.1510
Hypertension, Pulmonary
Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.		02.1510
Nausea
An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses.		06.9965
Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia
[description not available]		02.1510
Alternariosis
Opportunistic fungal infection by a member of ALTERNARIA genus.		02.1510
Cutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis
[description not available]		02.1510
Primary Myelofibrosis
A de novo myeloproliferation arising from an abnormal stem cell. It is characterized by the replacement of bone marrow by fibrous tissue, a process that is mediated by CYTOKINES arising from the abnormal clone.		02.1510
Asymmetric Diabetic Proximal Motor Neuropathy
[description not available]		02.0410
Cancer of Kidney
[description not available]		02.0410
Atypical Lipomatous Tumor
[description not available]		02.0410
Diabetic Neuropathies
Peripheral, autonomic, and cranial nerve disorders that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. These conditions usually result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves (VASA NERVORUM). Relatively common conditions which may be associated with diabetic neuropathy include third nerve palsy (see OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES); MONONEUROPATHY; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic amyotrophy; a painful POLYNEUROPATHY; autonomic neuropathy; and thoracoabdominal neuropathy. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1325)		02.0410
Kidney Neoplasms
Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.		02.0410
Liposarcoma
A malignant tumor derived from primitive or embryonal lipoblastic cells. It may be composed of well-differentiated fat cells or may be dedifferentiated: myxoid (LIPOSARCOMA, MYXOID), round-celled, or pleomorphic, usually in association with a rich network of capillaries. Recurrences are common and dedifferentiated liposarcomas metastasize to the lungs or serosal surfaces. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)		02.0410
Diplopia
A visual symptom in which a single object is perceived by the visual cortex as two objects rather than one. Disorders associated with this condition include REFRACTIVE ERRORS; STRABISMUS; OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES; TROCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; ABDUCENS NERVE DISEASES; and diseases of the BRAIN STEM and OCCIPITAL LOBE.		02.0510
Blow Out Fracture
[description not available]		02.0510
Osteogenic Sarcoma
[description not available]		02.0410
Osteosarcoma
A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		02.0410
Urinary Incontinence, Stress
Involuntary discharge of URINE as a result of physical activities that increase abdominal pressure on the URINARY BLADDER without detrusor contraction or overdistended bladder. The subtypes are classified by the degree of leakage, descent and opening of the bladder neck and URETHRA without bladder contraction, and sphincter deficiency.		02.0410
Interstitial Nephritis
[description not available]		04.1860
Nephritis, Interstitial
Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction.		04.1860
Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eyelids.		03.4311
Catatonia
A neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by one or more of the following essential features: immobility, mutism, negativism (active or passive refusal to follow commands), mannerisms, stereotypies, posturing, grimacing, excitement, echolalia, echopraxia, muscular rigidity, and stupor; sometimes punctuated by sudden violent outbursts, panic, or hallucinations. This condition may be associated with psychiatric illnesses (e.g., SCHIZOPHRENIA; MOOD DISORDERS) or organic disorders (NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME; ENCEPHALITIS, etc.). (From DSM-IV, 4th ed, 1994; APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)		07.0510
Hepatic Insufficiency
Conditions in which the LIVER functions fall below the normal ranges. Severe hepatic insufficiency may cause LIVER FAILURE or DEATH. Treatment may include LIVER TRANSPLANTATION.		02.0510
Cyst
[description not available]		02.0510
Glanders
A contagious disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans. It is caused by BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI and characterized by ulceration of the respiratory mucosa and an eruption of nodules on the skin.		02.0510
Bacterial Vaginitides
[description not available]		03.4311
Vaginosis, Bacterial
Polymicrobial, nonspecific vaginitis associated with positive cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic organisms and a decrease in lactobacilli. It remains unclear whether the initial pathogenic event is caused by the growth of anaerobes or a primary decrease in lactobacilli.		03.4311
Mouth Diseases
Diseases involving the MOUTH.		02.9610
Acute Hepatic Failure
[description not available]		02.4320
Liver Failure, Acute
A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or massive loss of HEPATOCYTES. It is characterized by sudden development of liver dysfunction and JAUNDICE. Acute liver failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA, drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C.		02.4320
Bacterial Endocarditides, Subacute
[description not available]		02.0510
Bovine Diseases
[description not available]		02.0510
Calcification, Pathologic
[description not available]		02.0510
Calcinosis
Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.		02.0510
Collagen Diseases
Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that collagen was equivalent to connective tissue, but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term collagen diseases now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494)		02.0510
Emesis
[description not available]		05.3122
Vomiting
The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.		05.3122
Dizzyness
[description not available]		05.322
Chronic Insomnia
[description not available]		03.4311
Dizziness
An imprecise term which may refer to a sense of spatial disorientation, motion of the environment, or lightheadedness.		05.322
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric condition.		03.4311
Dysmyelopoietic Syndromes
[description not available]		03.8321
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by dysplasia in one or more hematopoietic cell lineages. They predominantly affect patients over 60, are considered preleukemic conditions, and have high probability of transformation into ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.		03.8321
Paronychia
An inflammatory reaction involving the folds of the skin surrounding the fingernail. It is characterized by acute or chronic purulent, tender, and painful swellings of the tissues around the nail, caused by an abscess of the nail fold. The pathogenic yeast causing paronychia is most frequently Candida albicans. Saprophytic fungi may also be involved. The causative bacteria are usually Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Streptococcus. (Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p271)		02.0510
Parodontosis
[description not available]		02.0510
Periodontal Diseases
Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.		02.0510
MODS
[description not available]		02.4420
Multiple Organ Failure
A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury or postoperative.		02.4420
Central Nervous System Disease
[description not available]		04.4230
Central Nervous System Diseases
Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord.		04.4230
Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction
[description not available]		02.0510
Cerebral Infarction
The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).		07.0510
Dermatitis, Radiation-Induced
[description not available]		03.3720
Radiodermatitis
A cutaneous inflammatory reaction occurring as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation.		03.3720
Carcinoma, Lobular
A type of BREAST CANCER where the abnormal malignant cells form in the lobules, or milk-producing glands, of the breast.		02.9710
Embolism, Pulmonary
[description not available]		02.4620
Pulmonary Embolism
Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.		02.4620
Hypercoagulability
[description not available]		02.0510
Thrombophilia
A disorder of HEMOSTASIS in which there is a tendency for the occurrence of THROMBOSIS.		02.0510
ENT Diseases
[description not available]		02.4320
Primate Diseases
Diseases of animals within the order PRIMATES. This term includes diseases of Haplorhini and Strepsirhini.		02.0610
Cerebromeningitis
[description not available]		02.0610
Erythema Nodosum
An erythematous eruption commonly associated with drug reactions or infection and characterized by inflammatory nodules that are usually tender, multiple, and bilateral. These nodules are located predominantly on the shins with less common occurrence on the thighs and forearms. They undergo characteristic color changes ending in temporary bruise-like areas. This condition usually subsides in 3-6 weeks without scarring or atrophy.		02.0710
Bile Duct Obstruction, Intrahepatic
[description not available]		02.0610
Cholestasis, Intrahepatic
Impairment of bile flow due to injury to the HEPATOCYTES; BILE CANALICULI; or the intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC).		02.0610
Anesthesia Related Hyperthermia
[description not available]		02.0610
Colitis
Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.		02.4820
Amnionitis
[description not available]		02.0610
Dehiscence, Surgical Wound
[description not available]		02.0610
Chorioamnionitis
INFLAMMATION of the placental membranes (CHORION; AMNION) and connected tissues such as fetal BLOOD VESSELS and UMBILICAL CORD. It is often associated with intrauterine ascending infections during PREGNANCY.		02.0610
Finger Injuries
General or unspecified injuries involving the fingers.		02.0610
Atrophy, Muscular, Peroneal
[description not available]		02.0610
Hypesthesia
Absent or reduced sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation.		02.0610
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease
A hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy transmitted most often as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by progressive distal wasting and loss of reflexes in the muscles of the legs (and occasionally involving the arms). Onset is usually in the second to fourth decade of life. This condition has been divided into two subtypes, hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN) types I and II. HMSN I is associated with abnormal nerve conduction velocities and nerve hypertrophy, features not seen in HMSN II. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1343)		02.0610
Asymptomatic Conditions
[description not available]		02.0610
Leukocytopenia
[description not available]		03.4511
Leukopenia
A decrease in the number of LEUKOCYTES in a blood sample below the normal range (LEUKOCYTE COUNT less than 4000).		03.4511
Endomyometritis
Inflammation of both the ENDOMETRIUM and the MYOMETRIUM, usually caused by infections after a CESAREAN SECTION.		04.0831
Glycosuria
The appearance of an abnormally large amount of GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA).		03.4511
Endometritis
Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of postpartum fever.		04.0831
Lactic Acidosis
[description not available]		02.0710
Carditis
[description not available]		02.0710
Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm
A type of automatic, not reentrant, ectopic ventricular rhythm with episodes lasting from a few seconds to a minute which usually occurs in patients with acute myocardial infarction or with DIGITALIS toxicity. The ventricular rate is faster than normal but slower than tachycardia, with an upper limit of 100 -120 beats per minute. Suppressive therapy is rarely necessary.		02.0710
Acidosis, Lactic
Acidosis caused by accumulation of lactic acid more rapidly than it can be metabolized. It may occur spontaneously or in association with diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; LEUKEMIA; or LIVER FAILURE.		02.0710
Myocarditis
Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.		02.0710
Electrolytes
Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)		02.4320
Buckley Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0710
Job Syndrome
Primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by recurrent infections and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. Most cases are sporadic. Of the rare familial forms, the dominantly inherited subtype has additional connective tissue, dental and skeletal involvement that the recessive type does not share.		02.0710
Anterior Optic Neuritis
[description not available]		02.0710
Ethmoid Sinusitis
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the ETHMOID SINUS. It may present itself as an acute (infectious) or chronic (allergic) condition.		02.0710
Optic Neuritis
Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis).		07.0710
Alopecia Cicatrisata
[description not available]		02.0710
Papulosquamous Disorders
[description not available]		02.0710
Alopecia
Absence of hair from areas where it is normally present.		02.0710
Hakim Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0710
Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure
A form of compensated hydrocephalus characterized clinically by a slowly progressive gait disorder (see GAIT DISORDERS, NEUROLOGIC), progressive intellectual decline, and URINARY INCONTINENCE. Spinal fluid pressure tends to be in the high normal range. This condition may result from processes which interfere with the absorption of CSF including SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, chronic MENINGITIS, and other conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp631-3)		02.0710
Absence Status
[description not available]		02.4520
Status Epilepticus
A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA). Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med 1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30)		07.4520
Ear Diseases
Pathological processes of the ear, the hearing, and the equilibrium system of the body.		07.0710
Infections, Picornaviridae
[description not available]		02.0710
Bradyarrhythmia
[description not available]		02.0810
Bradycardia
Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.		02.0810
Gall Bladder Diseases
[description not available]		02.0710
Coagulation Disorders, Blood
[description not available]		02.4420
Cardiomyopathy, Congestive
[description not available]		02.0710
Hematuria
Presence of blood in the urine.		02.0710
Circulatory Collapse
[description not available]		02.0710
Blood Coagulation Disorders
Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions.		02.4420
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated
A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.		02.0710
Shock
A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.		02.0710
Bilirubinemia
[description not available]		02.0810
Bronchiectasis
Persistent abnormal dilatation of the bronchi.		08.8221
Gasser Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0710
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
A syndrome that is associated with microvascular diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is characterized by hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC); THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.		02.0710
Retinal Diseases
Diseases involving the RETINA.		02.0710
Panuveitis
Inflammation in which both the anterior and posterior segments of the uvea are involved and a specific focus is not apparent. It is often severe and extensive and a serious threat to vision. Causes include systemic diseases such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and syphilis, as well as malignancies. The intermediate segment of the eye is not involved.		07.0710
Hives
[description not available]		02.7630
Urticaria
A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy, infection, or stress.		02.7630
Abscess, Epidural
[description not available]		02.0710
Central Nervous System Tuberculosis
[description not available]		02.0710
Left Ventricular Dysfunction
[description not available]		0310
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.		0310
Aphakia, Postcataract
Absence of the crystalline lens resulting from cataract extraction.		02.0810
Diabetic Feet
[description not available]		02.4520
Diabetic Foot
Common foot problems in persons with DIABETES MELLITUS, caused by any combination of factors such as DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; and INFECTION. With the loss of sensation and poor circulation, injuries and infections often lead to severe foot ulceration, GANGRENE and AMPUTATION.		19.4520
Impotence
[description not available]		03.4611
Erectile Dysfunction
The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.		03.4611
Overweight
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal over fat.		02.0810
Hyperplasia, Reactive Lymphoid
[description not available]		02.0810
Duncan Disease
[description not available]		02.0810
Erythema
Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes.		02.0810
Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid tissue, general or unspecified.		02.0810
Scalp Dermatoses
Skin diseases involving the SCALP.		02.0810
Tuberculosis, Female Genital
MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).		02.0110
Myeloproliferative Disorders
Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE.		02.0110
Chromosome-Defective Micronuclei
[description not available]		02.0110
Bronchiolitis
Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES.		03.3911
Capillary Leak Syndrome
A condition characterized by recurring episodes of fluid leaking from capillaries into extra-vascular compartments causing hematocrit to rise precipitously. If not treated, generalized vascular leak can lead to generalized EDEMA; SHOCK; cardiovascular collapse; and MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE.		02.0110
Rupture, Spontaneous
Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force.		04.3270
Muscle Disorders
[description not available]		02.4320
Muscular Diseases
Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.		02.4320
Crigler Najjar Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0110
Infections, Meningococcal
[description not available]		02.0110
Meningococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the species NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS.		02.0110
Chlamydia pneumoniae Infections
[description not available]		02.4220
Glossitis
Inflammation of the tongue.		02.0110
Centriacinar Emphysema
[description not available]		02.0110
Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia
[description not available]		02.0110
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic
Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic exposure or a disease associated with decreased platelets. It is mediated by immune mechanisms, in most cases IMMUNOGLOBULIN G autoantibodies which attach to platelets and subsequently undergo destruction by macrophages. The disease is seen in acute (affecting children) and chronic (adult) forms.		02.0110
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell
[description not available]		03.3420
Adenocarcinoma
A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.		03.3420
Leukocytosis
A transient increase in the number of leukocytes in a body fluid.		03.411
Femoral Fractures
Fractures of the femur.		02.0110
Aqueductal Stenosis
[description not available]		02.0110
Herpes Simplex Keratitis
[description not available]		02.0110
Keratitis, Herpetic
A superficial, epithelial Herpesvirus hominis infection of the cornea, characterized by the presence of small vesicles which may break down and coalesce to form dendritic ulcers (KERATITIS, DENDRITIC). (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)		02.0110
Respiratory Syndrome, Acute, Severe
[description not available]		03.411
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties, and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the suspected agent.		15.411
Adenitis
[description not available]		02.0210
Sporothrix brasiliensis Infection
[description not available]		02.0210
Sporotrichosis
The commonest and least serious of the deep mycoses, characterized by nodular lesions of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by inhalation of contaminated dust or by infection of a wound with SPOROTHRIX.		02.0210
Spinal Diseases
Diseases involving the SPINE.		02.0210
Abdominal Injuries
General or unspecified injuries involving organs in the abdominal cavity.		02.0210
Albinism
General term for a number of inherited defects of amino acid metabolism in which there is a deficiency or absence of pigment in the eyes, skin, or hair.		02.0210
Drop Attack
[description not available]		04.7221
Tachyarrhythmia
[description not available]		04.3211
Syncope
A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9)		04.7221
Tachycardia
Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.		04.3211
Sarcoma, Epithelioid
[description not available]		03.411
Sarcoma
A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.		03.411
Coxarthrosis
[description not available]		02.0210
Osteoarthritis, Hip
Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the hip joint which usually appears in late middle or old age. It is characterized by growth or maturational disturbances in the femoral neck and head, as well as acetabular dysplasia. A dominant symptom is pain on weight-bearing or motion.		02.0210
Infections, Serratia
[description not available]		02.0210
Far East Scarlet-like Fever
[description not available]		02.0210
Respiratory Tract Diseases
Diseases involving the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.		02.9310
Anemia
A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.		02.0210
Cancer of Rectum
[description not available]		02.0210
Rectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.		02.0210
Bagassosis
A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by inhaled dust from processing SUGARCANE (bagasse), usually in the manufacturing of wallboard.		02.0210
Pneumoconiosis
A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by inhalation of dust and by tissue reaction to their presence. These inorganic, organic, particulate, or vaporized matters usually are inhaled by workers in their occupational environment, leading to the various forms (ASBESTOSIS; BYSSINOSIS; and others). Similar air pollution can also have deleterious effects on the general population.		02.0210
Eczema, Atopic
[description not available]		02.9310
Dermatitis, Atopic
A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.		02.9310
Bronchial Pneumonia
[description not available]		03.411
Anemia, Hypoplastic
[description not available]		03.4111
Amyloidosis
A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited, degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition of AMYLOID. As the amyloid deposits enlarge they displace normal tissue structures, causing disruption of function. Various signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the deposits.		03.4111
Anemia, Aplastic
A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.		03.4111
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia
[description not available]		02.0210
Urinary Tract Diseases
[description not available]		02.0210
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)		02.0210
Bullous Dermatoses
[description not available]		02.0210
Middle Ear Effusion
[description not available]		03.8221
Otitis Media with Effusion
Inflammation of the middle ear with a clear pale yellow-colored transudate.		03.8221
Empyema, Gall Bladder
[description not available]		02.420
Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the GALLBLADDER; generally caused by impairment of BILE flow, GALLSTONES in the BILIARY TRACT, infections, or other diseases.		02.420
Encephalopathy, Hepatic
[description not available]		02.0210
Hepatic Encephalopathy
A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)		02.0210
Allergy, Food
[description not available]		02.0210
Food Hypersensitivity
Gastrointestinal disturbances, skin eruptions, or shock due to allergic reactions to allergens in food.		02.0210
Aplasia Pure Red Cell
[description not available]		02.0210
Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure
Suppression of erythropoiesis with little or no abnormality of leukocyte or platelet production.		02.0210
Abortion, Tubal
[description not available]		02.0210
Ornithosis
[description not available]		02.0210
Caprine Diseases
[description not available]		02.0210
Abortion, Spontaneous
Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate interference.		02.0210
Psittacosis
Infection with CHLAMYDOPHILA PSITTACI (formerly Chlamydia psittaci), transmitted to humans by inhalation of dust-borne contaminated nasal secretions or excreta of infected BIRDS. This infection results in a febrile illness characterized by PNEUMONITIS and systemic manifestations.		02.0210
Anoxia, Brain
[description not available]		02.0310
ADPKD
[description not available]		02.0310
Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant
Kidney disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance and characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS with progressive deterioration of renal function.		02.0310
Bleeding
[description not available]		03.1250
Blood Clot
[description not available]		02.4320
Hemorrhage
Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.		03.1250
Thrombosis
Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.		02.4320
Age-Related Osteoporosis
[description not available]		03.4111
Osteoporosis
Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.		03.4111
Cardiomyopathies, Primary
[description not available]		02.0310
Cardiomyopathies
A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).		02.0310
Foot Diseases
Anatomical and functional disorders affecting the foot.		02.9410
Endometrial Diseases
[description not available]		02.0310
Uterine Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the UTERUS.		02.0310
Pneumothorax, Primary Spontaneous
[description not available]		02.4420
Emphysema, Subcutaneous
[description not available]		02.0310
Pneumothorax
An accumulation of air or gas in the PLEURAL CAVITY, which may occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma or a pathological process. The gas may also be introduced deliberately during PNEUMOTHORAX, ARTIFICIAL.		02.4420
Rib Fractures
Fractures of any of the RIBS.		02.0310
Macular Holes
[description not available]		07.8455
Retinal Perforations
Perforations through the whole thickness of the retina including the macula as the result of inflammation, trauma, degeneration, etc. The concept includes retinal breaks, tears, dialyses, and holes.		07.8455
Urethral Obstruction
Partial or complete blockage in any part of the URETHRA that can lead to difficulty or inability to empty the URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by an enlarged, often damaged, bladder with frequent urges to void.		02.0310
Myelopathy
[description not available]		02.0310
Spinal Cord Diseases
Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord.		02.0310
Urinary Incontinence
Involuntary loss of URINE, such as leaking of urine. It is a symptom of various underlying pathological processes. Major types of incontinence include URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE and URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE.		02.0310
Benign Meningeal Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.0310
Angioblastic Meningioma
[description not available]		02.0310
Meningeal Neoplasms
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord.		02.0310
Meningioma
A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)		02.0310
Biliary Tract Diseases
Diseases in any part of the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.		02.0310
Anaplasma Infection
[description not available]		02.0310
Apolipoprotein B-100, Familial Defective
[description not available]		02.0310
Autoimmune Thyroiditis
[description not available]		02.0310
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II
A group of familial disorders characterized by elevated circulating cholesterol contained in either LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS alone or also in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins).		02.0310
Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy
[description not available]		02.0310
Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative
Vitreoretinal membrane shrinkage or contraction secondary to the proliferation of primarily retinal pigment epithelial cells and glial cells, particularly fibrous astrocytes, followed by membrane formation. The formation of fibrillar collagen and cellular proliferation appear to be the basis for the contractile properties of the epiretinal and vitreous membranes.		02.0310
Listeria Cerebritis
[description not available]		02.0310
Arterial Diseases, Carotid
[description not available]		03.4211
Carotid Artery Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.		03.4211
Erythema Multiforme
A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with characteristic bull's-eye lesions usually occurring on the dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms.		02.0310
Merkel Cell Cancer
[description not available]		02.0310
Auricular Cancer
[description not available]		02.0310
Ear Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of any part of the hearing and equilibrium system of the body (the EXTERNAL EAR, the MIDDLE EAR, and the INNER EAR).		02.0310
Carcinoma, Merkel Cell
A carcinoma arising from MERKEL CELLS located in the basal layer of the epidermis and occurring most commonly as a primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Merkel cells are tactile cells of neuroectodermal origin and histologically show neurosecretory granules. The skin of the head and neck are a common site of Merkel cell carcinoma, occurring generally in elderly patients. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1245)		02.0310
Anuria
Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete lower urinary tract obstruction, or unilateral ureteral obstruction when a solitary kidney is present.		02.0310
Glaucoma
An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)		04.3411
Colorectal Cancer
[description not available]		03.4211
Colorectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.		03.4211
Pleurisy, Tuberculous
[description not available]		02.0310
Compensatory Hyperinsulinemia
A GLUCOSE-induced HYPERINSULINEMIA, a marker of insulin-resistant state. It is a mechanism to compensate for reduced sensitivity to insulin.		02.0410
Peptic Ulcer Perforation
Penetration of a PEPTIC ULCER through the wall of DUODENUM or STOMACH allowing the leakage of luminal contents into the PERITONEAL CAVITY.		02.0410
Hyperinsulinism
A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor (INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS.		02.0410
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
[description not available]		02.0410
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.		02.0410
Atelectasis
[description not available]		02.0410
Male Genitourinary Diseases
[description not available]		02.910
Female Genitourinary Diseases
[description not available]		02.910
Bites, Human
Bites inflicted by humans.		02.3920
Albinism, Ocular
Albinism affecting the eye in which pigment of the hair and skin is normal or only slightly diluted. The classic type is X-linked (Nettleship-Falls), but an autosomal recessive form also exists. Ocular abnormalities may include reduced pigmentation of the iris, nystagmus, photophobia, strabismus, and decreased visual acuity.		01.9810
Abscess, Periapical
[description not available]		01.9910
Infectious Skin Diseases
[description not available]		05.2141
Skin Diseases, Infectious
Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses.		05.2141
Infection, Puerperal
[description not available]		01.9910
Infections, Neisseriaceae
[description not available]		01.9910
Boils
[description not available]		01.9910
Vaginitis
Inflammation of the vagina characterized by pain and a purulent discharge.		03.3811
Alveolitis, Fibrosing
[description not available]		0210
Pulmonary Fibrosis
A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.		0210
Glandular Fever
[description not available]		0210
Infectious Mononucleosis
A common, acute infection usually caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN). There is an increase in mononuclear white blood cells and other atypical lymphocytes, generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and occasionally hepatomegaly with hepatitis.		0210
A-V Dissociation
[description not available]		0210
Right Ventricular Dysfunction
[description not available]		0210
Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease
[description not available]		0210
T-Cell Lymphoma
[description not available]		0210
Cytomegalovirus Infections
Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults.		0210
Lymphoma, T-Cell
A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes.		0210
Obstructive Lung Diseases
[description not available]		0210
Lung Diseases, Obstructive
Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent.		0210
Anxiety
Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.		0210
Cardiac Diseases
[description not available]		02.9210
Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
[description not available]		02.9210
Heart Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.		02.9210
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.		02.9210
Escherichia coli Meningitis
[description not available]		0210
Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup A
[description not available]		0210
Meningitis, Meningococcal
A fulminant infection of the meninges and subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS, producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor, focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults. Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr 1998 Feb;10(1):13-8)		0210
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced
Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.		02.0110
Tooth Diseases
Diseases involving the TEETH.		02.0110
Gallstone Disease
[description not available]		01.9810
Cholelithiasis
Presence or formation of GALLSTONES in the BILIARY TRACT, usually in the gallbladder (CHOLECYSTOLITHIASIS) or the common bile duct (CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS).		01.9810
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure
[description not available]		01.9810
Experimental Neoplasms
[description not available]		01.9810
Distorted Hearing
[description not available]		01.9810