Page last updated: 2024-08-05 15:14:06

antiplatyhelmintic drug

An agent used to treat cestode, trematode, or other flatworm infestations in man or animals.

ChEBI ID: 35684

Members (1)

MemberDefinitionClass
bithionolAn aryl sulfide that is diphenyl sulfide in which each phenyl group is substituted at position 2 by hydroxy and at positions 3 and 5 by chlorine. A fungicide and anthelmintic, it was used in various topical drug products for the treatment of liver flukes, but withdrawn after being shown to be a potent photosensitizer with the potential to cause serious skin disorders.bithionol

Research

Studies (183)

TimeframeStudies, Drugs with This Role(%)All Drugs %
pre-199089 (48.63)18.7374
1990's27 (14.75)18.2507
2000's19 (10.38)29.6817
2010's33 (18.03)24.3611
2020's15 (8.20)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeStudies, Drugs with this Role (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials3 (1.48%)5.53%
Reviews13 (6.40%)6.00%
Case Studies35 (17.24%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other152 (74.88%)84.16%

Protein Targets (156)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
15-lipoxygenase, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.848911
acetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)Potency66.469036
activating transcription factor 6Homo sapiens (human)Potency47.074025
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.755811
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.1201923
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.681012
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)Potency6.591623
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.832612
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2BHomo sapiens (human)Potency50.118711
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
Caspase-7Homo sapiens (human)Potency31.622811
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.328538
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate OxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q1Homo sapiens (human)Potency32.464812
Chain A, Beta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12Potency25.118911
Chain A, CruzipainTrypanosoma cruziPotency29.903312
Chain A, Ferritin light chainEquus caballus (horse)Potency31.622811
Chain A, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.370822
Chain B, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.370822
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.545411
cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)Potency38.901811
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.848922
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency9.771711
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.291213
DNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.387211
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency33.587511
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.30561229
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency44.095436
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.9769618
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency79.432811
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency36.660357
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency24.545411
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency15.848911
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.728323
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.013637
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.125411
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.1585512
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency20.356313
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency49.442924
Histamine H2 receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Potency5.011912
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency25.118911
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency89.908423
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency24.545411
huntingtin isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.062712
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunitHomo sapiens (human)Potency37.143125
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.611533
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency24.545412
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.545411
interleukin 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency74.978011
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency4.392812
lethal factor (plasmid)Bacillus anthracis str. A2012Potency3.162311
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency62.851222
Microtubule-associated protein tauHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.125411
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency39.810711
nonstructural protein 1Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1))Potency0.316211
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency33.279248
nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency50.118711
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency56.123123
Nuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency4.730811
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency24.911524
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency26.662726
peripheral myelin protein 22Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency18.105611
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.958048
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency26.651412
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.501859
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12Homo sapiens (human)Potency1.351612
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)Potency5.011911
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency57.457012
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.296713
pregnane X receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency70.794611
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.218224
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency6.496226
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.350026
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.4264410
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.824222
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.824222
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusPotency39.810711
survival motor neuron protein isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.983312
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.230722
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency7.488037
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency62.077448
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency56.068455
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency26.640123
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency49.029212
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.087035
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRAHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.183811
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency20.356313

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
10 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC508.650022
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC502.800011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC505.515011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki3.152011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC505.515011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki3.152011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)IC506.789011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2BHomo sapiens (human)Ki4.320011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)IC508.780011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2CHomo sapiens (human)Ki4.599011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)IC508.780011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Ki4.599011
60 kDa chaperoninEscherichia coli K-12IC50250.000011
60 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC508.650022
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC502.800011
Adenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)IC501.167011
Adenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.655011
Adenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)IC500.829011
Adenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.468011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501.235011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki1.225011
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.829011
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.468011
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.829011
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.468011
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC503.824011
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.434011
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC501.226011
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.560011
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC504.392011
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.638011
calpain II, partialSus scrofa (pig)IC504.751211
D(3) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC504.218011
D(3) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.433011
envelope glycoproteinHuman immunodeficiency virus 1IC506.160011
Epidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC500.614011
Estrogen receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)IC503.940911
estrogen receptor beta isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5058.674122
large T antigenBetapolyomavirus macacaeIC5035.700011
M1-family alanyl aminopeptidasePlasmodium falciparum 3D7IC5042.880011
Mcl-1Homo sapiens (human)IC501.784422
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.385011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)IC500.318011
Mu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC505.507011
Mu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.236011
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)IC505.200011
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2Homo sapiens (human)IC506.600011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501.670014
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501.670013
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501.670013
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501.670013
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501.670013
Pup--protein ligaseMycobacterium tuberculosis H37RvIC5015.900011
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2Homo sapiens (human)IC502.147011
Replicase polyprotein 1aSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusIC5046.000011
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC502.181011
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki1.733011
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC501.235011
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki1.225011
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 Homo sapiens (human)IC503.065022
Solute carrier family 22 member 2Homo sapiens (human)IC501.900011
Solute carrier family 22 member 3Homo sapiens (human)IC505.500011
Substance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC504.659011
Substance-K receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.553011
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
Thromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)IC501.840011
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)IC502.700022
Tyrosine-protein kinase LckHomo sapiens (human)IC502.255011

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2Homo sapiens (human)EC506.800022
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.581022