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non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

An anti-inflammatory drug that is not a steroid. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions. They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins.

ChEBI ID: 35475

Members (129)

MemberDefinitionClass
[5-fluoro-1-(4-isopropylbenzylidene)-2-methylinden-3-yl]acetic acidA sulindac-based non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.[5-fluoro-1-(4-isopropylbenzylidene)-2-methylinden-3-yl]acetic acid
2-methoxybenzoic acidA methoxybenzoic acid that is the methyl ether of salicylic acid.O-methylsalicylic acid
4-(5-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1h-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamideA member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3 and 5 by 4-sulfamoylphenyl, trifluoromethyl and 4-fluorophenyl groups, respectively. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine to treat pain and inflammation in dogs with degenerative joint disease.mavacoxib
4-biphenylylacetic acidA monocarboxylic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is substituted by a biphenyl-4-yl group. An active metabolite of fenbufen, it is used as a topical medicine to treat muscle inflammation and arthritis.biphenyl-4-ylacetic acid
aceclofenacA monocarboxylic acid that is the carboxymethyl ester of diclofenac. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug related to diclofenac, it is used in the management of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis.aceclofenac
acemetacinA carboxylic ester that is the carboxymethyl ester of indometacin. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and low back pain, as well as for postoperative pain and inflammation. Its activity is due to both acemetacin and its major metabolite, indometacin.acemetacin
acetaminophenA member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.paracetamol
acetosyringoneA member of the class of acetophenones that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and methoxy groups at positions 3 and 5.acetosyringone
acetovanilloneAn aromatic ketone that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3.apocynin
adapaleneA naphthoic acid that is CD437 in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been converted to its methyl ether.adapalene
alclofenacAn aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen links an allyl group to the 4-position of (3-chlorophenyl)acetic acid.A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the UK market in 1979 due to concerns with its association with vasculitis and rash.alclofenac
alminoprofenA substituted aniline that is ibuprofen in which the isobutyl group is replaced by a (2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)amino group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used for treatment of inflammatory and rheumatic disorders.alminoprofen
almotriptanAn indole compound having a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group at the 3-position and a (pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)methyl group at the 5-position.almotriptan
amfenacAn oxo monocarboxylic acid that is benzophenone in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted by an amino group and a carboxymethyl group at position 2 and 3, respectively. The corresponding carboxamide, nepafenac, is a prodrug of amfenac and is used for the treatment of pain and inflammation following cataract surgery.amfenac
aminopyrineA pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.aminophenazone
amlexanoxA pyridochromene-derived monocarboxylic acid having an amino substituent at the 2-position, an oxo substituent at the 5-position and an isopropyl substituent at the 7-position.amlexanox
amodiaquineA quinoline having a chloro group at the 7-position and an aryl amino group at the 4-position.amodiaquine
ampiroxicamA benzothiazine that is the 1-[(ethoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl ether of piroxicam. A prodrug for piroxicam, it is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.ampiroxicam
ampyroneA pyrazolone, a member of the class of pyrazoles that is antipyrine substituted at C-4 by an amino group. It is a metabolite of aminopyrine and of metamizole.4-aminoantipyrine
an2728A member of the class of benzoxaboroles that is 5-hydroxy-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxaborole in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced by a 4-cyanophenyl group. A phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor that is used for treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children and adults.crisaborole
antipyrineA pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.antipyrine
apazoneA member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazine bearing a dimethylamino substitutent at position 3 and a methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the nitrogens at positions 1 and 2 are both acylated by a carboxy group of propylmalonic acid.apazone
apigetrinA glycosyloxyflavone that is apigenin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside
apremilastA member of the class of isoindoles that is isoindole-1,3-dione substituted at position 4 by an acetamido group and at position 1 by a 1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl group. Used for treatment of psoriatic arthritis.apremilast
aspirinA member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.acetylsalicylic acid
baicalinThe glycosyloxyflavone which is the 7-O-glucuronide of baicalein. It is an active ingredient of Chinese herbal medicine Scutellaria baicalensis.baicalin
bay 11-7082A nitrile that is acrylonitrile in which the hydrogen located beta,trans to the cyano group is replaced by a tosyl group. It is an inhibitor of cytokine-induced IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation in cells.(E)-3-tosylacrylonitrile
bendazacA monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts.bendazac
benoxaprofenA monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.benoxaprofen
benzydamineA member of the class of indazoles carrying benzyl and 3-(dimethylamino)propyl groups at positions 1 and 3 respectively. A locally-acting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits local anaesthetic and analgesic properties.benzydamine
bromfenacAmfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.bromfenac
bufexamacA hydroxamic acid derived from phenylacetamide in which the benzene moiety is substituted at C-4 by a butoxy group. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties.bufexamac
bumadizoneA carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups from butylmalonic acid with the hydrazino group of 1,2-diphenylhydrazine. Used (as its calcium semihydrate) for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.bumadizone
carprofenPropanoic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a 6-chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is no longer used in human medicine but is still used for treatment of arthritis in elderly dogs.carprofen
caryophylleneA beta-caryophyllene in which the stereocentre adjacent to the exocyclic double bond has S configuration while the remaining stereocentre has R configuration. It is the most commonly occurring form of beta-caryophyllene, occurring in many essential oils, particularly oil of cloves.(-)-beta-caryophyllene
celecoxibA member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3 and 5 by 4-sulfamoylphenyl, trifluoromethyl and p-tolyl groups, respectively. A cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, it is used in the treatment of arthritis.celecoxib
cimicoxibAn imidazole substituted at positions 1, 4 and 5 by 4-aminosulfonylphenyl, chloro and 3-fluoro-4-methyoxyphenyl groups respectively. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in dogs.cimicoxib
clofazimine3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.clofazimine
clonixinA pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is nicotinic acid substituted at position 2 by a (2-methyl-3-chlorophenyl)amino group. Used (as its lysine salt) for treatment of renal colic, muscular pain and moderately severe migraine attacks.clonixin
corilaginAn ellagitannin with a hexahydroxydiphenoyl group bridging over the 3-O and 6-O of the glucose core.corilagin
cox 189An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity.lumiracoxib
deracoxibA member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3, and 5 by 4-sulfamoylphenyl, difluoromethyl and 3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl groups, respectively. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in dogs.deracoxib
dexibuprofendexibuprofen
dexketoprofenA monocarboxylic acid that is (S)-hydratropic acid substituted at position 3 on the phenyl ring by a benzoyl group. A cyclooxygenase inhibitor, it is used to relieve short-term pain, such as muscular pain, dental pain and dysmenorrhoea.dexketoprofen
diclofenacA monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.diclofenac
difenpiramideA monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group from biphenyl-4-ylacetic acid with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.difenpiramide
diflunisalAn organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.diflunisal
droxicamAn organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2H,5H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-c][1,2]benzothiazine-2,4(3H)-dione 6,6-dioxide substituted at positions 3 and 5 by pyridin-2-yl and methyl groups respectively. A prodrug of piroxicam, it is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.droxicam
eletriptanAn N-alkylpyrrolidine, that is N-methylpyrrolidine in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a {5-[2-(phenylsulfonyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}methyl group.eletriptan
enprofyllineXanthine bearing a propyl substituent at position 3. A bronchodilator, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy.enprofylline
etodolacA monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.etodolac
fenbufenfenbufen
fendosalA benzoindole that is 4,5-dihydro-3H-benzo[e]indole in which the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-carboxy-4-hydroxyphenyl group. A non-narcotic analgesic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it has greater analgesic and inflammatory responses than aspirin but with less gastrointestinal toxicity.fendosal
fenoprofenA monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 3-phenoxyphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the dihydrate form of the calcium salt is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.fenoprofen
fenoprofen calciumThe dihydrate form of the calcium salt of fenoprofen. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.fenoprofen calcium
firocoxibAn enol ether that is the cyclopropylmethyl ether of 3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-4-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]furan-2-one. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in horses and dogs.firocoxib
flufenamic acidAn aromatic amino acid consisting of anthranilic acid carrying an N-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituent. An analgesic and anti-inflammatory, it is used in rheumatic disorders.flufenamic acid
flunixinA pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is nicotinic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino group. A relatively potent non-narcotic, nonsteroidal analgesic with anti-inflammatory, anti-endotoxic and anti-pyretic properties; used in veterinary medicine (usually as the meglumine salt) for treatment of horses, cattle and pigs.flunixin
flunixin meglumineAn organoammonium salt obtained by combining flunixin with one molar equivalent of 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A relatively potent non-narcotic, nonsteroidal analgesic with anti-inflammatory, anti-endotoxic and anti-pyretic properties; used in veterinary medicine for treatment of horses, cattle and pigs.flunixin meglumine
flunoxaprofenA monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group (the S-enantiomer). Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, the clinical use of flunoxaprofen was discontinued due to possible hepatotoxic side-effects.flunoxaprofen
flurbiprofenA monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.flurbiprofen
garenoxacinA quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a cyclopropyl group at position 1, an oxo group at position 4, a (1R)-1-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-5-yl group at position 7, and a difluoromethoxy group at position 8.garenoxacin
glafenineA carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market.glafenine
ibufenacA monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 4-isobutylphenyl group. Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the clinical use of ibufenac was discontinued due to hepatotoxic side-effects.ibufenac
ibuprofenA monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl group.ibuprofen
ibuproxamA hydroxamic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of ibuprofen with the amino group of hydroxylamine. Used for treatment of pain and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders.ibuproxam
indomethacinA member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.indometacin
indoprofenA monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)phenyl group. Initially used as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic, it was withdrawn from the market due to causing severe gastrointestinal bleeding. It has been subsequently found to increase production of the survival motor neuron protein.indoprofen
isoxicamA monocarboxylic acid amide that is piroxicam in which the pyrid-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the market in the 1980s following its association with cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome.isoxicam
kebuzoneA pyrazolidine that is phenylbutazone in which the two methylene hydrogens at postion 3 on the butyl chain are replaced by an oxo group.kebuzone
ketoprofenAn oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.ketoprofen
ketorolacA racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure.5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid; ketorolac
leflunomideA monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.leflunomide
lonazolacA monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylpyrazol-4-yl group.lonazolac
lornoxicamA thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain, primarily resulting from inflammatory diseases of the joints, osteoarthritis, surgery, sciatica and other inflammations.lornoxicam
loxoprofenA monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-[(2-oxocyclopentyl)methyl]phenyl group. A prodrug that is rapidly converted into its active trans-alcohol metabolite following oral administration.loxoprofen
lysine clonixinateAn organoammonium salt obtained by combining clonixin with one molar equivalent of L-lysine. Used for treatment of renal colic, muscular pain and moderately severe migraine attacks.clonixin lysine salt
meclofenamate sodium anhydrousA hydrate that is the monohydrate of the sodium salt of meclofenamic acid. It is used for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.sodium meclofenamate monohydrate
meclofenamic acidAn aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.meclofenamic acid
mefenamic acidAn aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.mefenamic acid
mesalamineA monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.mesalamine
metiazinic acidPhenothiazine substituted at nitrogen by a methyl group and at C-2 by a carboxymethyl group.metiazinic acid
miroprofenA monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)phenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits analgesic, antipyretic and platelet aggregation inhibition properties.miroprofen
mk 0663A member of the class of bipyridines that is 2,3'-bipyridine which is substituted at the 3, 5, and 6' positions by 4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl, chlorine, and methyl groups, respectively.etoricoxib
mobicA benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.meloxicam
mobiflexA thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.tenoxicam
mofebutazoneA pyrazolidine that is phenylbutazone lacking one of the phenyl substituents. It is used for treatment of joint and muscular pain.mofebutazone
nabumetoneA methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.nabumetone
naproxenA methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.naproxen
naproxen sodiumAn organic sodium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of naproxen(1-) anions and sodium anions.naproxen sodium
naproxen-n-butyl nitrateA carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of naproxen with the hydroxy group of 4-(nitrooxy)butanol. A cyclooxygenase-inhibiting nitric oxide donator that is metabolised to naproxen and a nitric oxide donating moiety, effective in treatment of osteoarthritis.naproxcinod
naproxolAn aromatic ether in which the substituents on oxygen are 6-[(2S)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-2-naphthyl and methyl.naproxol
nedocromilnedocromil
nepafenacA monocarboxylic acid amide that is amfenac in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted into the corresponding carboxamide. It is a prodrug for amfenac, used in eye drops to treat pain and inflammation following cataract surgery.nepafenac
nimesulideAn aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.nimesulide
nitroflurbiprofenA carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of flurbiprofen with the free hydroxy group of 4-(nitrooxy)butanol. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent showing inhibitory effects against the cyclooxygenases COX1 and COX2.nitroflurbiprofen
noramidopyrineA member of the class of pyrazoles that is antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methylamino group. It is a metabolite of aminopyrine and of metamizole.4-(methylamino)antipyrine
olsalazineAn azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.olsalazine
oxamethacinA hydroxamic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indometacin with the amino group of hydroxylamine.oxametacin
oxaprozinA monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.oxaprozin
oxyphenbutazoneA metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.oxyphenbutazone
parecoxibAn N-acylsulfonamide resulting from the formal condensation of valdecoxib with propionic acid. It is a prodrug for valdecoxib.parecoxib
parthenolideA sesquiterpene lactone and active principle of Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium).parthenolide
phenylbutazoneA member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position.phenylbutazone
pirfenidoneA pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted at positions 1 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups respectively. An anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.pirfenidone
piroxicamA monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the exocyclic nitrogen of 2-aminopyridine. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the oxicam class, it is used to relieve pain and works by preventing the production of endogenous prostaglandins involved in the mediation of pain, stiffness, tenderness and swelling.piroxicam
proglumetacinA carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indometacin with the hydroxy group of 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl N(2)-benzoyl-N,N-dipropyl-alpha-glutaminate. Used (as its dimaleate salt) to control pain and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders. Following oral administration, it is metabolised to indometacin and proglumide, a drug with antisecretory effects that helps prevent injury to the stomach lining.proglumetacin
propyphenazoneA pyrazolone derivative that is antipyrine substituted at C-4 by an isopropyl group.propyphenazone
robenacoxibAn aromatic amino acid that is 2-amino-5-ethylphenylacetic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl group. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor that is used in veterinary medicine for the relief of pain and inflammation in cats and dogs.robenacoxib
rofecoxibA butenolide that is furan-2(5H)-one substituted by a phenyl group at position 3 and by a p-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl group at position 4. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was used from 1999 to 2004 for the treatment of ostoarthritis, but was withdrawn following concerns about an associated increased risk of heart attack and stroke.rofecoxib
rosmarinic acidThe 1-carboxy-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester of trans-caffeic acid.rosmarinic acid
salicinAn aryl beta-D-glucoside that is salicyl alcohol in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced by a beta-D-glucosyl residue.salicin
salicylsalicylic acidA dimeric benzoate ester obtained by intermolecular condensation between the carboxy of one molecule of salicylic acid with the phenol group of a second. It is a prodrug for salycylic acid that is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and also shows activity against type II diabetes.salsalate
sc 560A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3 and 5 by 4-methoxyphenyl, trifluoromethyl and 4-chlorophenyl groups, respectively. Unlike many members of the diaryl heterocycle class of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, SC-560 is selective for COX-1.SC560
sodium bromfenacThe sesquihydrate of the sodium salt of bromfenac. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction.bromfenac sodium salt sesquihydrate
sulindacA monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.sulindac
sulindac sulfideAn aryl sulfide that is a metabolite of sulindac. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which also has anticancer activity.sulindac sulfide
suprofenAn aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.suprofen
suxibuzoneA pyrazolidine that is phenylbutazone which is substituted by a 3-carboxypropanoylmethyl group at the 4-position. Suxibuzone is a prodrug for phenylbutazone and is commonly used as an anti-inflammatory drug in horses.suxibuzone
tepoxalinA hydroxamic acid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]propanoic acid with the amino group of N-methylhydroxylamine. It is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and inflammation caused by musculoskeletal disorders such as hip dysplasia and arthritis in dogs.tepoxalin
teriflunomideAn enamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2Z)-2-cyano-3-hydroxybut-2-enoic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. Used for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.teriflunomide
tiaprofenic acidAn aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by a 1-carboxyethyl group.tiaprofenic acid
tofisopamAn organic sodium salt having loxoprofen(1-) as the counterion. The parent acid, loxoprofen, is a prodrug that is rapidly converted to its active trans-alcohol metabolite following oral administration.loxoprofen sodium
tolfenamic acidAn aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-chloro-2-methylphenyl group. Tolfenamic acid is used specifically for relieving the pain of migraine. It also shows anticancer activity.tolfenamic acid
tolmetinA monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.tolmetin
tolmetin sodiumAn organic sodium salt that is the dihydrate form of tolmetin sodium. Used as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.tolmetin sodium dihydrate
valdecoxibA member of the class of isoxazoles that is isoxazole which is substituted at positions 3, 4 and 5 by phenyl, p-sulfamoylphenyl and methyl groups, respectively. A selective cyclooxygenase 2-inhibitor, it used as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for the treatment of arthritis from 2001 until 2005, when it was withdrawn following concerns of an associated increased risk of heart attack and stroke.valdecoxib
zileutonA member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a 1-[carbamoyl(hydroxy)amino]ethyl group. A selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, it inhibits the formation of leukotrienes LTB4, LTC4, LDT4, and LTE4. It is used for the management of chronic asthma.zileuton
zomepiraczomepirac

Research

Studies (156,404)

TimeframeStudies, Drugs with This Role(%)All Drugs %
pre-199044,455 (28.42)18.7374
1990's25,569 (16.35)18.2507
2000's34,181 (21.85)29.6817
2010's39,179 (25.05)24.3611
2020's13,020 (8.32)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeStudies, Drugs with this Role (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials27,240 (13.94%)5.53%
Reviews16,257 (8.32%)6.00%
Case Studies12,990 (6.65%)4.05%
Observational910 (0.47%)0.25%
Other137,979 (70.62%)84.16%

Protein Targets (644)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency24.7930120
15-lipoxygenase, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.824415
67.9K proteinVaccinia virusPotency12.4422214
acetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)Potency36.6093310
acid sphingomyelinaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.079511
activating transcription factor 6Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.7768219
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.2587223
alpha-galactosidaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency26.757423
Alpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.108714
Amyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency2.310911
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.135912177
aryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.6683239
arylsulfatase AHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.331319
ATAD5 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.4135424
Ataxin-2Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.0165210
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinaseTrypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927Potency7.3632515
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.4418214
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.151011
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.268311
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.0784223
BRCA1Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.062712
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2BHomo sapiens (human)Potency64.234616
C-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.381411
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine proteaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.762219
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.449412
caspase-3Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency36.173712
caspase-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.762219
Caspase-7Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency36.173712
Caspase-7Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.531112
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.0746336
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency14.165128
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate OxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.2779131
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q1Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.818214
Chain A, Beta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12Potency31.0396110
Chain A, Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.848911
Chain A, CruzipainTrypanosoma cruziPotency32.878517
Chain A, Ferritin light chainEquus caballus (horse)Potency25.725528
Chain A, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.9867215
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3AHomo sapiens (human)Potency47.151517
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.8916323
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolaseGiardia intestinalisPotency17.8627117
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASEHomo sapiens (human)Potency13.1177217
Chain B, HADH2 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.9867215
chromobox protein homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency72.0188238
ClpPBacillus subtilisPotency31.622811
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency7.8775110
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.6462122
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.8794137
cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.5880120
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.284615
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.6803252
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.7735234
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency26.0733121
D(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.754622
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.110719
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3F isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.481311
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.162311
DNA polymerase betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency45.560212
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency6.790222
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)Homo sapiens (human)Potency51.0809214
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency9.992319
endonuclease IVEscherichia coliPotency14.384313
Endothelin receptor type BRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.570413
Endothelin-1 receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.570413
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.923712211
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency26.5286337
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.503010164
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.3818144
EWS/FLI fusion proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.3348462
eyes absent homolog 2 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency3.338912
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.2791422
flap endonuclease 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency24.284014
Fumarate hydrataseHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.113514
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency16.8794137
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
GALC proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.707912
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency17.6803126
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.6123349
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.4086348
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.0463210
GLS proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.5760227
glucocerebrosidaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency9.143116
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.3076447
Glutamate receptor 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.622811
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency28.8470218
Glutamate receptor 3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.622811
Glutamate receptor 4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency31.622811
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chainHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.903612
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.020114
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein GHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.217213
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)Homo sapiens (human)Potency21.102016
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.8647214
Histamine H2 receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Potency17.9218276
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency21.7046119
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.3030229
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency51.1494217
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency41.490412
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.8794137
huntingtin isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.516027
hypothetical protein, conservedTrypanosoma bruceiPotency25.732025
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunitHomo sapiens (human)Potency30.1586218
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)Homo sapiens (human)Potency7.5340242
IDH1Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.2600111
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency57.123527
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.8794174
Inositol monophosphatase 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.616634
Integrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.949613
Integrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)Potency11.949613
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.3161367
interleukin 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency69.542113
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency4.8204136
lethal factor (plasmid)Bacillus anthracis str. A2012Potency13.265713
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency25.0328374
luciferasePhoturis pensylvanica (Pennsylania firefly)Potency14.125411
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproproteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.8967311
M-phase phosphoprotein 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency24.691316
Microtubule-associated protein tauHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.3094218
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.453728
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency10.473126
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.3797111
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency12.312114
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency12.312114
neuropeptide S receptor isoform AHomo sapiens (human)Potency5.565915
NFKB1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency8.450926
nonstructural protein 1Influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1))Potency10.7584114
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.823617
Nrf2Homo sapiens (human)Potency10.949823
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency35.2298355
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.212919
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.7276219
Nuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.118814
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1Mus musculus (house mouse)Potency17.0014225
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.317215
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.8886366
P53Homo sapiens (human)Potency33.117012
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency32.703016
ParkinHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.637626
peripheral myelin protein 22Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.3228220
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency71.424418
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.6325565
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.832612
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.6473542
phosphoglycerate kinaseTrypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927Potency10.947222
phosphopantetheinyl transferaseBacillus subtilisPotency44.6603221
plasminogen precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency4.489816
Platelet-activating factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.848911
polyproteinZika virusPotency22.113514
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15BHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.740915
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.5365110
PPM1D proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency22.5500116
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency25.0739342
pregnane X receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency52.157213
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency33.0444333
pyruvate kinaseLeishmania mexicana mexicanaPotency12.643127
pyruvate kinase PKM isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency29.536625
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency40.990313
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency21.1735261
ras-related protein Rab-9AHomo sapiens (human)Potency8.5732110
regulator of G-protein signaling 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency13.7442111
relaxin receptor 1 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.589311
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency23.1688373
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.3043461
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.583212
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1Homo sapiens (human)Potency26.042614
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.9931244
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.9931244
Smad3Homo sapiens (human)Potency12.117818
snurportin-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency57.123527
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusPotency21.7584223
survival motor neuron protein isoform dHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.2261217
TAR DNA-binding protein 43Homo sapiens (human)Potency20.2511119
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.7021283
thioredoxin glutathione reductaseSchistosoma mansoniPotency47.604616
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency24.5518432
ThrombopoietinHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.477624
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency26.5360352
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency40.062048
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.9391535
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency36.222822
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency32.179124
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.110719
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency4.489816
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursorMus musculus (house mouse)Potency4.489816
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency41.4157223
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.4792224
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.3196546
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRAHomo sapiens (human)Potency32.7770526
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency28.6837117
VprHuman immunodeficiency virus 1Potency8.285212

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
10 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC503.422524
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC507.150012
2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)IC5013.500011
2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde decarboxylaseHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.560011
3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5048.000022
3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase Sus scrofa (pig)IC501,000.000011
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrialRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501.750014
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.120011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7Homo sapiens (human)IC50200.000011
5-lipoxygenase Bos taurus (cattle)IC5035.000011
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylatingHomo sapiens (human)Ki37.300013
60 kDa chaperoninEscherichia coli K-12IC50250.000012
60 kDa chaperonin Escherichia coliIC503.422524
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC507.150012
AcetylcholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)IC50727.555022
Acid-sensing ion channel 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50344.3353512
Acid-sensing ion channel 3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50366.961814
Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)IC5055.000011
Adenosine receptor A1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501,444.500025
Adenosine receptor A1Homo sapiens (human)Ki43.000022
Adenosine receptor A1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki97.333333
Adenosine receptor A2aRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501,802.250014
Adenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)Ki67.726055
Adenosine receptor A2aRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki109.166746
Adenosine receptor A2bHomo sapiens (human)Ki35.127177
Adenosine receptor A2bRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki124.600035
Adenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)IC5015.926512
Adenosine receptor A3Homo sapiens (human)Ki67.151034
Adenosine receptor A3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki65.000011
AlbuminBos taurus (cattle)IC503.000011
AlbuminHomo sapiens (human)Ki171,641,481,818.1818111
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Bos taurus (cattle)IC503.431023
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Homo sapiens (human)IC5072.384337
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC504.183214
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki4.148514
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10Homo sapiens (human)IC5017.285046
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1Homo sapiens (human)IC5053.5208512
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.810011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 Homo sapiens (human)IC5022.80501118
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.220011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3Homo sapiens (human)IC504.62971725
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.986346
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4Homo sapiens (human)IC5095.4000310
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5015.926512
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki9.002012
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5015.926512
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki9.002012
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC501.516011
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.692011
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] AHomo sapiens (human)IC5010.847012
Amyloid-beta precursor proteinHomo sapiens (human)IC50104.800033
Androgen receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5051.633333
Angiotensin-converting enzyme Homo sapiens (human)IC503,700.000011
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating proteinHomo sapiens (human)IC5022.290022
AromataseHomo sapiens (human)IC5027.000011
Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmicHomo sapiens (human)IC5021.790011
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3Homo sapiens (human)IC50126.6071128
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1Homo sapiens (human)IC5012.540045
Aurora kinase BHomo sapiens (human)IC5012.190011
Beta lactamase (plasmid)Pseudomonas aeruginosaIC5043.545011
Beta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5016.124011
Beta-3 adrenergic receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki12.093011
Beta-carbonic anhydrase 1Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RvKi11.660036
Beta-lactamaseEscherichia coli K-12IC50375.000022
Beta-lactamase Klebsiella pneumoniaeIC500.670011
Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 2Homo sapiens (human)IC5090.675957
Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 2Mus musculus (house mouse)IC50167.750022
Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50181.250022
Bile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)IC50253.3804771
Bile salt export pumpRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50312.242917
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)IC503.200011
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)IC502.540534
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2Homo sapiens (human)IC500.075012
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 3Homo sapiens (human)IC5020.025012
Calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1Homo sapiens (human)IC504.300011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1AHomo sapiens (human)IC502,803.050022
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1BHomo sapiens (human)IC5017,900.000011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1CHomo sapiens (human)IC5071,000.000011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alphaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki5.100011
Calpain-2 catalytic subunitHomo sapiens (human)IC500.011012
cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10AHomo sapiens (human)IC5097,600.000011
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4AHomo sapiens (human)IC500.200467
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BHomo sapiens (human)IC505.11931314
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4CHomo sapiens (human)IC500.200467
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4DHomo sapiens (human)IC500.20171213
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50132.1417224
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki7.950011
Cannabinoid receptor 2 Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.150011
Carbonic anhydraseCandida albicans SC5314Ki1.113538
Carbonic anhydraseMethanosarcina thermophilaKi0.380024
Carbonic anhydraseMethanothermobacter thermautotrophicus str. Delta HKi49.750012
Carbonic anhydraseSaccharomyces cerevisiae S288CKi0.381012
Carbonic anhydraseStylophora pistillataKi3.200012
Carbonic anhydrase Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito)Ki0.168512
Carbonic anhydrase Astrosclera willeyanaKi0.624512
Carbonic anhydrase Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubiiKi1.880012
Carbonic anhydrase Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RvKi7.785012
Carbonic anhydrase Nakaseomyces glabratus CBS 138Ki0.106512
Carbonic anhydrase Stylophora pistillataKi0.031424
Carbonic anhydrase Sulfurihydrogenibium sp. YO3AOP1Ki0.006112
Carbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50339.1952626
Carbonic anhydrase 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki142.63834492
Carbonic anhydrase 12Homo sapiens (human)Ki76.7916925
Carbonic anhydrase 13Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.207023
Carbonic anhydrase 13Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki139.0161314
Carbonic anhydrase 14Homo sapiens (human)Ki120.4741416
Carbonic anhydrase 15Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki1.270448
Carbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)IC50251.9749728
Carbonic anhydrase 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki52.030854109
Carbonic anhydrase 2Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RvKi0.697524
Carbonic anhydrase 3Homo sapiens (human)Ki167.7778518
Carbonic anhydrase 4Bos taurus (cattle)IC5050.3134319
Carbonic anhydrase 4Bos taurus (cattle)Ki0.315024
Carbonic anhydrase 4Homo sapiens (human)Ki92.0543721
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Ki170.0000416
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Ki138.2359416
Carbonic anhydrase 6Homo sapiens (human)Ki117.0774622
Carbonic anhydrase 7Homo sapiens (human)Ki84.9226823
Carbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)IC5044.455839
Carbonic anhydrase 9Homo sapiens (human)Ki52.52701840
Carbonic anhydrase, alpha family Hydrogenovibrio crunogenus XCL-2Ki0.755012
Carboxylic ester hydrolase Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5010.000011
caspase recruitment domain family, member 15Homo sapiens (human)IC506.633011
Caspase-1Homo sapiens (human)IC5012.6032140
Caspase-3Homo sapiens (human)IC5012.6033140
Caspase-4Homo sapiens (human)IC5012.6032140
Caspase-5Homo sapiens (human)IC5012.6033140
Caspase-9Homo sapiens (human)IC5012.6032140
Catechol O-methyltransferaseMus musculus (house mouse)IC504.524023
Cell division control protein 42 homologHomo sapiens (human)IC502.000011
cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesteraseHomo sapiens (human)IC503,630.000011
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase AHomo sapiens (human)IC5032,003.200022
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase BHomo sapiens (human)IC5029,403.200022
cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesteraseHomo sapiens (human)IC5018,745.666733
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase IIHomo sapiens (human)IC500.021011
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase IIHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.043011
Chain A, Histamine N-methyltransferaseHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.018614
Chain A, membrane-associated prostaglandin E synthase-2Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating macaque)IC501,000.000011
CholinesteraseHomo sapiens (human)IC50600.000011
Chymotrypsinogen ABos taurus (cattle)IC50200.000011
Class A sortase SrtA Staphylococcus aureusIC50129.000011
CruzipainTrypanosoma cruziIC50103.000046
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5014.360011
Cyclooxygenase-2 Canis lupus familiaris (dog)IC501.773323
Cystathionine gamma-lyaseHomo sapiens (human)IC50200.000012
cysteine protease ATG4B isoform aHomo sapiens (human)IC508.170011
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5014.894022
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki14.684011
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2Homo sapiens (human)IC500.420011
Cystine/glutamate transporterHomo sapiens (human)IC501,000.000011
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5015.000011
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1Ovis aries (sheep)IC5038.562544
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2Homo sapiens (human)IC509.8786712
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2Ovis aries (sheep)IC500.088244
Cytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)IC504.375024
Cytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)Ki117.000011
Cytochrome P450 2C19Homo sapiens (human)IC5010.000011
Cytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)IC5040.7850314
Cytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)Ki108,925,666,686.283346
Cytochrome P450 2D6Homo sapiens (human)IC507.000033
Cytochrome P450 2J2Homo sapiens (human)IC5045.9158112
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)IC50204.120045
Cytochrome P450 3A4Homo sapiens (human)Ki1,640.000013
Cytochrome P450 3A5Homo sapiens (human)IC500.300012
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gammaHomo sapiens (human)IC50100.000011
D(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5027.908012
D(1A) dopamine receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki13.954012
D(2) dopamine receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5010.215022
Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 9Homo sapiens (human)IC5014.000011
Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 9Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50100.000011
Delta carbonic anhydraseConticribra weissflogiiKi0.321512
Delta-type opioid receptorMus musculus (house mouse)Ki26.016024
Delta-type opioid receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki0.032012
Dihydrofolate reductaseHomo sapiens (human)IC500.388011
Dihydrofolate reductaseHomo sapiens (human)Ki1,426.571417
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase Leishmania majorIC50102.700012
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase Plasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)IC5098.872544
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase Schistosoma mansoniIC5050.000022
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase Plasmodium falciparum (malaria parasite P. falciparum)Ki22.675022
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC502.29562425
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrialMus musculus (house mouse)IC500.103045
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrialRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.016067
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.920733
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4Homo sapiens (human)IC50225.000011
DNA repair protein RAD52 homologHomo sapiens (human)IC501.000022
DNA topoisomerase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5040.000011
Epidermal growth factor receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5012.330226
Estrogen receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5050.000013
Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinalHomo sapiens (human)Ki54.4500210
Fatty acid-binding protein, liverRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki369.9218214
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5071.260035
fMet-Leu-Phe receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC505.300011
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1Homo sapiens (human)IC5014.360011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5044.483313
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaHomo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonHomo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Homo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piHomo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit thetaHomo sapiens (human)Ki77.624711
Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1AHomo sapiens (human)IC50147.920055
Gamma-secretase subunit APH-1BHomo sapiens (human)IC50147.920055
Gamma-secretase subunit PEN-2Homo sapiens (human)IC50147.920055
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenaseHomo sapiens (human)Ki57.900011
glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase isoform bHomo sapiens (human)IC5080.000011
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-6-phosphogluconolactonasePlasmodium bergheiIC5063.125034
Glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzymeHomo sapiens (human)IC5036.000011
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)Ki6.100011
High affinity cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7AHomo sapiens (human)IC501,015.365022
Histone deacetylase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC501.411022
Histone deacetylase 11 Homo sapiens (human)IC501.637011
Histone deacetylase 2Homo sapiens (human)IC501.637011
Histone deacetylase 3Homo sapiens (human)IC501.637011
Histone deacetylase 4Homo sapiens (human)IC501.637011
Histone deacetylase 5Homo sapiens (human)IC501.637011
Histone deacetylase 6Homo sapiens (human)IC501.140022
Histone deacetylase 7Homo sapiens (human)IC501.637011
Histone deacetylase 8Homo sapiens (human)IC501.637011
Histone deacetylase 9Homo sapiens (human)IC501.637011
Hormone-sensitive lipaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC501.200011
Hydroxyacid oxidase 1Mus musculus (house mouse)IC507.800011
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1Mus musculus (house mouse)IC500.044014
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilonHomo sapiens (human)IC505.114312
integrase, partialHuman immunodeficiency virus 1IC503.559622
Integrin alpha-IIbHomo sapiens (human)IC5052.500022
Integrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)IC5052.500022
Interleukin-8Homo sapiens (human)IC500.287014
Interstitial collagenaseHomo sapiens (human)IC5023.345011
Lactoylglutathione lyaseHomo sapiens (human)Ki293.5947319
large T antigenBetapolyomavirus macacaeIC5019.100011
lens epithelium-derived growth factor p75Homo sapiens (human)IC503.559622
leucine aminopeptidaseHomo sapiens (human)IC500.310011
Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseHomo sapiens (human)IC5066.674333
Leukotriene B4 receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.420011
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1AHomo sapiens (human)IC503.190033
M1-family alanyl aminopeptidasePlasmodium falciparum 3D7IC5047.585022
M17 leucyl aminopeptidasePlasmodium falciparum 3D7IC500.705022
M18 aspartyl aminopeptidasePlasmodium falciparum 3D7IC5010.020011
Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmicHomo sapiens (human)IC50200.000012
microphthalmia-associated transcription factor isoform 9Homo sapiens (human)IC502.672839
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC503.387713
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14Homo sapiens (human)IC5055.580033
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 Mus musculus (house mouse)IC501.430011
Mu-type opioid receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)IC5036.866713
Mu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5033.668011
Mu-type opioid receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)Ki0.032012
Mu-type opioid receptorHomo sapiens (human)Ki13.667011
Mu-type opioid receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki52.000012
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50500.000012
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 Homo sapiens (human)IC5012.300022
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4Homo sapiens (human)IC50104.3464128
Myc proto-oncogene proteinHomo sapiens (human)IC50403.000011
MyeloperoxidaseHomo sapiens (human)IC5051.322544
MyoglobinHomo sapiens (human)IC502.300011
NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 Mus musculus (house mouse)IC5018.500022
NeuraminidaseInfluenza A virus (A/Wilson-Smith/1933(H1N1))IC50100.000011
Neuraminidase Influenza A virus (A/Wilson-Smith/1933(H1N1))IC5046.900011
Neuraminidase Influenza A virus (A/Wilson-Smith/1933(H1N1))Ki53.800011
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5013.307012
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5013.307012
NicastrinHomo sapiens (human)IC50147.920055
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferaseHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.000418
Nitric oxide synthase, inducibleMus musculus (house mouse)IC5024.350055
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit Homo sapiens (human)IC502.000011
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunitHomo sapiens (human)IC502.000011
Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2Homo sapiens (human)IC5026.700012
P2Y purinoceptor 12Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.340013
phospholipase A2 precursorHomo sapiens (human)IC507.740011
Phospholipase A2, major isoenzymeSus scrofa (pig)IC501,000.000011
Polyamine deacetylase HDAC10Homo sapiens (human)IC501.637011
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)IC504.47337678
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseMus musculus (house mouse)IC500.190011
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50117.92872837
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12Homo sapiens (human)IC5055.000011
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15Homo sapiens (human)IC500.400011
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)IC5028.380011
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)IC50301.995011
Presenilin-1Homo sapiens (human)IC50147.920055
Presenilin-2Homo sapiens (human)IC50147.920055
Procathepsin LHomo sapiens (human)IC504.760013
Prolyl endopeptidaseHomo sapiens (human)IC5012.150022
Prostaglandin D2 receptor Mus musculus (house mouse)IC5010.000011
Prostaglandin D2 receptor Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki10.000022
Prostaglandin D2 receptor 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.850033
Prostaglandin E synthaseHomo sapiens (human)IC5024.433055
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtypeMus musculus (house mouse)Ki10.000022
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtypeMus musculus (house mouse)Ki10.000022
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtypeMus musculus (house mouse)Ki10.000022
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtypeMus musculus (house mouse)Ki10.000022
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Canis lupus familiaris (dog)IC5014.285012
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5034.1904159295
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Mus musculus (house mouse)IC503.2802912
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Ovis aries (sheep)IC50195.1291223430
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki62.000011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Ovis aries (sheep)Ki5.966733
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 Bos taurus (cattle)IC50393.86641737
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC507.86851625
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)IC5056.2684294535
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Mus musculus (house mouse)IC504.01644159
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)IC5018.000011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Ovis aries (sheep)IC5096.474998176
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)Ki7.708447
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Ovis aries (sheep)Ki6.450033
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Bos taurus (cattle)IC50165.9987919
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC505.71341625
Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomeraseMus musculus (house mouse)IC50375.600024
Protein kinase C alpha typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5020.000012
Protein kinase C beta typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5020.000012
Protein kinase C delta typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5020.000012
Protein kinase C epsilon typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5020.000012
Protein kinase C eta typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5020.000012
Protein kinase C gamma typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5020.000012
Protein kinase C theta typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5020.000012
Protein kinase C zeta typeRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5020.000012
Protein-arginine deiminase type-4Homo sapiens (human)IC506,200.000012
Pyruvate kinase PKMHomo sapiens (human)IC5021.000011
Quinolone resistance protein NorAStaphylococcus aureusIC5040.000011
rac GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)IC5035.000011
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1Homo sapiens (human)IC502.000011
receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)IC506.633011
Replicase polyprotein 1abBetacoronavirus England 1IC5010.000012
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2IC505.431767
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusIC506.410011
Retinoic acid receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.100011
Retinoic acid receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.034011
Retinoic acid receptor gamma Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.130011
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)IC5042.650012
Reverse transcriptase/RNaseH Human immunodeficiency virus 1IC506,700.000011
Rho-associated protein kinase 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5053.850014
RNA-directed RNA polymerase IC5020.000011
Seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1Glycine max (soybean)IC5038.060027
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC501.949811
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1Homo sapiens (human)IC5036.000011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1Homo sapiens (human)IC503.610011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.850612
Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1Homo sapiens (human)Ki3,355.500014
SialidaseClostridium perfringensIC5039.300011
Sigma intracellular receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.270012
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporterRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.350012
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.350012
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.350012
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.350012
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporterRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5014.000011
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC506.733013
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki5.349313
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)IC504.183214
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)Ki4.148514
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterHomo sapiens (human)IC506.276011
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterMacaca mulatta (Rhesus monkey)IC500.500011
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterHomo sapiens (human)Ki3.334011
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5018.500012
Solute carrier family 22 member 11Homo sapiens (human)Ki107.800011
Solute carrier family 22 member 20Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki51.387814
Solute carrier family 22 member 6Homo sapiens (human)IC509.6350210
Solute carrier family 22 member 6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.500011
Solute carrier family 22 member 6Homo sapiens (human)Ki19.800011
Solute carrier family 22 member 6Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki347.052114
Solute carrier family 22 member 6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki303.411139
Solute carrier family 22 member 7Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki1.840011
Solute carrier family 22 member 8Homo sapiens (human)Ki595.921726
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki126.000011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki1,450.000012
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ki2,430.000011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)IC5012.000011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)Ki11.000011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)IC5041.000011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)Ki38.000011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 Homo sapiens (human)IC50140.000011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 Homo sapiens (human)Ki130.000011
Squalene monooxygenase Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC504.000011
Stromal interaction molecule 1Homo sapiens (human)IC504.300011
Substance-P receptorCavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)IC503.066713
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferaseHomo sapiens (human)IC5050.140012
Thromboxane-A synthaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5020.000011
Thromboxane-A synthase Homo sapiens (human)IC5050.050022
Toll-like receptor 4Homo sapiens (human)IC501.400011
Transcription factor p65Homo sapiens (human)IC502.500022
Transcription factor SOX-18Mus musculus (house mouse)IC50191.500024
Transcriptional enhancer factor TEF-3Homo sapiens (human)IC5054.000011
Transforming growth factor beta-1 proproteinMus musculus (house mouse)IC501.430011
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2Homo sapiens (human)IC5088.000023
TransporterMacaca mulatta (Rhesus monkey)IC50100.000011
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)IC506.260055
Trypsin-1Homo sapiens (human)IC501,000.000011
Trypsin-2Homo sapiens (human)IC501,000.000011
Trypsin-3Homo sapiens (human)IC501,000.000011
Tumor necrosis factorHomo sapiens (human)IC5010,310.000022
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11Mus musculus (house mouse)IC5020.000011
TyrosinaseHomo sapiens (human)IC5050.000011
Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L5Homo sapiens (human)IC502,946.000011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-6Homo sapiens (human)IC50131.000013
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-6Homo sapiens (human)Ki23.000011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 Homo sapiens (human)IC50131.000013
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 Homo sapiens (human)Ki52.000011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A10Homo sapiens (human)Ki28.000011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A4Homo sapiens (human)IC50131.000013
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A7Homo sapiens (human)Ki19.000011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9Homo sapiens (human)Ki11.000011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10 Homo sapiens (human)IC50131.000013
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7Homo sapiens (human)IC50131.000013
Uracil nucleotide/cysteinyl leukotriene receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5028.800022
Urotensin-2 receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC503.950014

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1ARattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC5030.000011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1BHomo sapiens (human)EC500.011611
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2AMus musculus (house mouse)EC505.336011
Acid-sensing ion channel 5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC502,600.000011
Adenosine receptor A2aHomo sapiens (human)EC507.200011
AlbuminHomo sapiens (human)Kd33.397536
AlbuminRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kd1.470011
Androgen receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC5033.500122
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Homo sapiens (human)EC503.193313
Cannabinoid receptor 2 Homo sapiens (human)EC501.900011
cell division cycle 42 (GTP binding protein, 25kDa), partialHomo sapiens (human)EC5027.2995414
Chain A, Phospholipase A2 isoform 3Naja sagittiferaKd6.400011
Chain A, PROTEIN (TRANSTHYRETIN)Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.030011
Chain B, PROTEIN (TRANSTHYRETIN)Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.030011
Complement C5Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.596713
Cytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)Kd19.100011
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)EC508.906312
electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransporter KCC2Homo sapiens (human)EC503.250011
Estrogen receptorMus musculus (house mouse)EC501.518012
Estrogen receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC502.281012
Estrogen receptor betaMus musculus (house mouse)EC501.518012
Estrogen receptor betaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC502.281012
Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinalHomo sapiens (human)Kd56.700011
Flavin reductase (NADPH)Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.070412
G-protein coupled receptor 35Homo sapiens (human)EC504.000011
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)EC500.840012
glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)EC50300.000013
GTP-binding protein (rab7)Canis lupus familiaris (dog)EC5027.997927
Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)EC501.020011
Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2Homo sapiens (human)EC501.020011
Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1Homo sapiens (human)EC501.020011
Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)EC501.020011
High mobility group protein B1Homo sapiens (human)Kd1,600.000011
Histone deacetylase 1Homo sapiens (human)Kd1,000.000011
Histone deacetylase 2Homo sapiens (human)Kd1,000.000011
Histone deacetylase 3Homo sapiens (human)Kd341.000011
Histone deacetylase 6Homo sapiens (human)Kd10.700011
Histone deacetylase 8Homo sapiens (human)Kd235.000011
Hsf1 proteinMus musculus (house mouse)EC50195.000011
Leukotriene B4 receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)EC500.270012
Leukotriene B4 receptor 2Homo sapiens (human)EC500.270012
matrix metalloproteinase 1, partialHomo sapiens (human)EC505.650011
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)EC5030.000011
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)EC5015.155022
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-1Homo sapiens (human)EC5092.590011
nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)EC501.518011
Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2Homo sapiens (human)EC5044.750044
ORF73Human gammaherpesvirus 8EC5075.000011
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)EC5024.850035
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Kd100.000012
Polyamine deacetylase HDAC10Homo sapiens (human)Kd12.300011
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseHomo sapiens (human)EC500.270012
POsterior SegregationCaenorhabditis elegansEC5013.604011
Potassium channel subfamily K member 18Homo sapiens (human)EC50287.000022
Potassium channel subfamily K member 2Homo sapiens (human)EC50100.000011
Procathepsin LHomo sapiens (human)EC503.193313
Prostaglandin D2 receptor 2Homo sapiens (human)EC500.389012
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.904512
Rac1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)EC5034.0725415
ras protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)EC5028.0251415
Ras-related protein Rab-2ACanis lupus familiaris (dog)EC5030.000027
Replicase polyprotein 1aSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusEC503.193313
Replicase polyprotein 1aSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusKd610.000012
Replicase polyprotein 1abBetacoronavirus England 1EC503.193313
Replicase polyprotein 1abHuman coronavirus 229EEC503.193313
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2EC504.962524
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusEC503.193313
Replicase polyprotein 1abSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Kd11.950022
Retinoic acid receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)EC500.022011
Retinoic acid receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)EC500.002011
Retinoic acid receptor gamma Homo sapiens (human)EC500.003111
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)EC5016.100011
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)Kd2.380011
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)EC5025.000011
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)EC5040.100011
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1Homo sapiens (human)EC5030.0000112
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC5027.3070211
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Homo sapiens (human)EC508.751011
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC5030.000012
Spike glycoproteinBetacoronavirus England 1EC503.193313
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusEC503.193313
Spike glycoproteinSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Kd3.820011
streptokinase A precursorStreptococcus pyogenes M1 GASEC501.762022
SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 2, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)EC5091.161011
Taste receptor type 2 member 16Homo sapiens (human)EC501,400.000022
transcription factor p65 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)EC501.518011
Transcriptional enhancer factor TEF-3Homo sapiens (human)Kd76.666733
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1Homo sapiens (human)EC5051.178929
Transmembrane protease serine 2Homo sapiens (human)EC503.193313
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)EC505.600011
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)Kd2.5832713
Tumor necrosis factorHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.200011
Zinc finger protein mex-5Caenorhabditis elegansEC508.751011

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
Adenosine receptor A1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb32.000011
Adenosine receptor A2aRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Kb120.000011
Adenosine receptor A2bMus musculus (house mouse)Kb18.000011
Carbonic anhydrase Brucella suis 1330Kinact0.018512
Caspase-1Homo sapiens (human)ID5030.000011
Cytochrome P450 1A1Homo sapiens (human)Km803.000011
Cytochrome P450 1A1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ks870.000011
Cytochrome P450 1A2Homo sapiens (human)Km120.000011
Cytochrome P450 2B1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Ks800.000011
Cytochrome P450 2C8Homo sapiens (human)Km1.900011
Cytochrome P450 2C9 Homo sapiens (human)Km1.700011
glycogen synthase kinase-3 alphaHomo sapiens (human)AC50300.000011
interferon gamma precursorHomo sapiens (human)AC5022.180011
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factorHomo sapiens (human)AC5035.000011
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Change50.116736
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)ID5012.570022
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Inhibition20.000011
prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtypeHomo sapiens (human)Active Concentration20.000011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Homo sapiens (human)Inhibition15.000011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1Ovis aries (sheep)Kinact3.900011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Change4.250024
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 Bos taurus (cattle)ID50375.215012
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Mus musculus (house mouse)Activity0.250011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)INH26.000011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2Homo sapiens (human)Inhibition0.028011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Change4.250024
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Bos taurus (cattle)ID50375.215012
Solute carrier family 22 member 7Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Km0.366011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)Km55.100011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)Km77.400011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 Homo sapiens (human)Km188.900011
Sulfotransferase 1A1 Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Km92.000011
Survival motor neuron proteinHomo sapiens (human)Activity1.000011
Taste receptor type 2 member 16Homo sapiens (human)Activity70.000022
toxin BClostridioides difficile 630AC5020.870011
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)Kd10.171733
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)Kd22.826733
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-6Homo sapiens (human)Km2,200.000011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 Homo sapiens (human)Km9,400.000011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A3Homo sapiens (human)Km208.000015
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9Homo sapiens (human)Km10,458.000012
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7Homo sapiens (human)Km49.500016