A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.
| Excerpt | Reference |
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| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic disease marked by exacerbations and remissions." | ( Kaplan, RJ; Rosenberg, EW, 1978) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is clinically characterized by the involvement of preferential sites." | ( Bonifazi, E, 1992) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is commonly colonized with Staphylococcus aureus in high densities." | ( Henning, CG; Magnusson, J; Nilsson, EJ, 1992) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is clearly characterized by altered cutaneous physiologic responses." | ( Hanifin, JM, 1986) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a disorder that affects up to 4." | ( Sampson, HA, 1986) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common skin problem among infants, children, and adolescents." | ( Krowchuk, DP, 1987) |
| "The history of atopic dermatitis is replete with many disparate theories." | ( Hanifin, JM, 1984) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common disease of childhood that remits with age." | ( Hanifin, JM, 1983) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is taken as an example to explain some corticoid-saving measures during long-term treatment." | ( Marghescu, S, 1983) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is one of the most frequent dermatological diseases." | ( Gloor, M, 1983) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronically relapsing inflammatory skin disease with altered immune and pharmacologic responses." | ( Hanifin, JM, 1982) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is associated with severe pruritus for which effective topical treatment is lacking." | ( Drake, LA; Fallon, JD; Sober, A, 1994) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is more common in children and the severe form can be associated with considerable morbidity." | ( Allen, BR; Emerson, R; Zaki, I, 1996) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a type of eczema determined by polygenic inheritance which is often associated with further phenotypes of the atopic syndrome such as extrinsic asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis." | ( Hunziker, T, 1997) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a lymphocyte-mediated skin disease." | ( Imhof, BA; Jung, K; Linse, R; Neumann, C; Wollina, U, 1997) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is characterized by increased production of IgE and interleukin-4, immediate skin test reactivity to allergens, increased expression of CD23 on mononuclear cells, and decreased production of interferon-gamma." | ( Ehlayel, M; Inostroza, J; Leiva, LE; Moore, C; Sorensen, RU, 1997) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a pruritic inflammatory skin disorder, involving immunological and non-immunological factors." | ( Claudy, A; Doutremepuich, JD; Liebich, C; Misery, L; Odia, SG; Ring, J; Schmitt, D; Staniek, V; Vocks, E, 1998) |
| "SLS provocation of atopic dermatitis is a striking experimental example of Koebnerization, in which disruption of the stratum corneum barrier as well as cytokine activation of keratinocytes reproduces the clinical diseases." | ( Kligman, AM; Tabata, N; Tagami, H, 1998) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is the most common skin disease of childhood, and its prevalence has steadily increased over the last three decades." | ( Honig, PJ; Kim, HJ, 1998) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, which is commonly treated with topical steroids." | ( Kimata, H, 1999) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing form of eczema characterized by scaling, itchy, inflamed skin that can be triggered by an interplay of genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors." | ( Fleischer, AB, 1999) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic inflammatory skin condition." | ( Simon, RA; Woodmansee, DP, 1999) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is an early manifestation of atopy and is frequently present already during the first year of life." | ( Hofer, MF, 2000) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is an allergic skin disease characterized by elevated total and antigen-specific serum IgE and IgG4 levels." | ( Bihari, IC; Bruijnzeel-Koomen, CA; Kiekens, RC; Knol, EF; Thepen, T; Van De Winkel, JG, 2000) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a relatively common hereditary dermatologic condition." | ( Bachman, JA; Brandonisio, TM; Sears, JM, 2001) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a severe chronic skin disease often deteriorated by the presence of microorganisms and often responds well to treatment with potent corticosteroids." | ( Christensen, O; Edmar, B; Faergemann, J; Hersle, K; Johnsson, A; Nordin, P; Sjövall, P; Svensson, A, 2000) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing condition affecting up to 14% of the population in Western countries." | ( Cato, A; Griffin, EI; Kaplan, AS; Sutton, L; Swinehart, JM, 2001) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a well-recognised chronic inflammatory skin disease of humans and dogs." | ( Hill, PB; Lamb, JR; Nuttall, TJ, 2001) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common precursor to the development of asthma, and 2 studies have suggested that the use of an H(1) receptor antagonist might reduce the development of asthma while the treatment is being administered, at least in subgroups with evidence of high IgE levels." | ( Warner, JO, 2001) |
| "Many patients with atopic dermatitis are dissatisfied with conventional treatments based on topical steroids and have experienced some traditional remedies and alternative therapies." | ( Kotani, M; Kouda, K; Kouda, M; Masamoto, Y; Nakamura, H; Suemura, M; Tabei, T; Takeuchi, A; Takeuchi, H; Takigawa, M; Tanaka, T, 2001) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common disease that appears to be increasing in frequency during recent decades." | ( Giam, YC; Goh, CL; Khoo, L; Kong, KH; Tay, YK, 2002) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorder characterized by pruritic and eczematous skin lesions." | ( Mitsuishi, K; Nakao, A; Ogawa, H; Okumura, K; Ra, C; Sumiyoshi, K; Tsuboi, R; Ushio, H, 2002) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin disease of humans and dogs." | ( Hill, PB; Knight, PA; Lamb, JR; McAleese, SM; Nuttall, TJ, 2002) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin disease of humans and dogs." | ( Hill, PB; Knight, PA; Lamb, JR; McAleese, SM; Nuttall, TJ, 2002) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common skin disease in Thai children." | ( Chunharas, A; Viravan, S; Wananukul, S; Wisuthsarewong, W, 2002) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by severe pruritus, typical morphology and distribution of skin lesions, and personal and family history of atopy." | ( Lipozencić, J; Ljubojević, S; Pustisek, N, 2002) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common skin disease of unknown etiology with an impaired permeability barrier function." | ( Kaiser, HW; Macheleidt, O; Sandhoff, K, 2002) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common problem affecting up to 10 percent of all children." | ( Russell, JJ, 2002) |
| "Asthma and eczema (atopic dermatitis) are characterized by a number of unexplained phenomena: the familial aggregation of disease, the initiation of disease by apparently trivial exposure to allergens, the preferential transmission of disease from affected mothers and the large increase in prevalence of disease in Westernized societies in the last century." | ( Cookson, W, 2002) |
| "The management of atopic dermatitis is set for a major shift with the introduction of the first new topical treatment for the condition in 40 years--the non-steroidal topical immunomodulator tacrolimus (Protopic)." | ( Rustin, M, 2003) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronically relapsing, common inflammatory skin disease, which significantly affects quality of life negatively in many respects." | ( Chang, HS; Kim, DW; Kim, KH; Lee, KH; Park, CW; Park, YM; Seo, PG; Sung, KJ; Won, CH; Won, YH; Yang, JM, 2004) |
| "The prevalence of atopic dermatitis is increasing, and more than 50% of children with atopic dermatitis go on to develop asthma and allergies." | ( Boguniewicz, M, 2005) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin condition for which there are neither pathognomonic clinical or diagnostic features nor a single successful therapy." | ( Ovadia, S; Wilson, SR; Zeiss, CJ, 2005) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease among children in industrialized countries." | ( Ardjomand, N; El-Shabrawi, Y; Fellner, P; Komericki, P, 2005) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a relapsing course." | ( Bruijnzeel-Koomen, CA; de Bruin-Weller, MS, 2005) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a highly pruritic inflammatory disorder of the skin characterized by onset in infancy or childhood and a chronically relapsing course." | ( Wolff, K, 2005) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin condition with increasing incidence in recent decades." | ( Barnetson, RS; Pua, VS, 2006) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common chronically relapsing disease affecting about 10 percent of children and 3 percent of adults." | ( Pfeiffer, C; Vitéz, L; Wozel, G, 2006) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common problem for which topical agents are the primary treatment." | ( Balkrishnan, R; Camacho, F; Carr, D; Carroll, C; Feldman, SR; Fleischer, AB; Kaur, M; Krejci-Manwaring, J; Tusa, MG, 2007) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease the incidence of which has been constantly growing in all age groups." | ( Dobrić, I; Krnjević-Pezić, G; Smeh-Skrbin, A; Vrzogić, P, 2007) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by severe pruritus, and cutaneous barrier disruption by scratching contributes to further aggravation of the condition." | ( Arai, I; Futaki, N; Hashimoto, Y; Honma, Y; Nakaike, S; Sakurai, T; Sugimoto, M, 2007) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronically relapsing inflammatory skin disease." | ( Arimura, A; Deguchi, M; Haruna, T; Iduhara, M; Takahashi, H; Takaki, S; Yamamoto, M; Yasui, K, 2007) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is assumed to be a major risk factor, whereas the role of allergies is overestimated." | ( Coenraads, PJ, 2007) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, highly pruritic, and frequently recurring inflammatory skin disease that can be burdensome to affected individuals as well as to their family members, the health care system, and society as a whole." | ( Montejo, JM; Munzenberger, PJ, 2007) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic or chronically relapsing, pruritic inflammatory skin disease." | ( Kawakami, T; Kawakami, Y; Yumoto, K, 2007) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease of childhood and is increasing in prevalence throughout the world." | ( Horii, KA; Liu, DY; Sharma, V; Simon, SD, 2007) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronically relapsing eczematous disease of the skin." | ( Hsu, CJ; Wang, LF, 2007) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic or recurrent inflammatory skin disease that often requires treatment over years." | ( Amtage, D; Bruckner-Tuderman, L; Mockenhaupt, M; Neumann, E, 2008) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by recurrent intense pruritus and a distinctive distribution of skin lesions." | ( Henkel, V; Möhrenschlager, M; Ring, J, 2008) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin disease with a complex cause, resulting from an elaborate interplay between environmental, immunological and genetic factors." | ( Irvine, AD; O'Regan, GM, 2008) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a major allergic disease that develops through dysregulation of Th2-mediated inflammation." | ( Amakawa, R; Amuro, H; Fukuhara, S; Ito, T; Katashiba, Y; Ogata, M; Sugimoto, H; Tanijiri, T; Torii, Y; Yokoi, T, 2008) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a disease of skin barrier dysfunction and outside stimuli can cross the skin barrier." | ( Arakawa, H; Hagiwara, S; Mizuno, T; Mochizuki, H; Muramatsu, R; Tadaki, H; Takami, S, 2009) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common, chronic skin disease characterized by dry, itchy and easily irritated skin." | ( Beridze, LR; Zosidze, NR, 2009) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common disease in children." | ( Di Rienzo Businco, A; Frediani, T; Miceli Sopo, S; Panetta, V; Pelosi, S; Pingitore, G; Tripodi, S; Volterrani, A, 2009) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a stress-responsive disorder that involves the autonomic nervous system." | ( Chan, YH; Papoiu, AD; Patel, TS; Russoniello, CV; Tran, BW; Wang, H; Yosipovitch, G, 2010) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronically relapsing, highly pruritic and inflammatory skin disease." | ( Chamari, M; Djalali, M; Ehsani, AH; Eshraghian, MR; Firooz, A; Javanbakht, MH; Keshavarz, SA; Mirshafiey, A; Seirafi, H; Siassi, F, 2011) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is associated with loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin (FLG) gene, accompanied by reduced levels of filaggrin breakdown products on the skin." | ( Fallon, PG; Foster, TJ; Irvine, AD; Miajlovic, H, 2010) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is well known to exacerbate by stress." | ( Hiramoto, K; Inoue, M; Inoue, R; Ishii, M; Kobayashi, H; Orita, K; Sato, EF, 2010) |
| "The pathology of atopic dermatitis is orchestrated on the cellular level by several different cell types in the characteristic skin lesions." | ( Gschwandtner, M; Gutzmer, R; Mommert, S; Werfel, T, 2011) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronically relapsing pruritic inflammatory skin disease." | ( Choi, BM; Jang, SI; Jeong, SI, 2010) |
| "Canine and human atopic dermatitis are multifaceted diseases whose clinical development may be influenced by several factors, such as genetic background, environment, secondary infections, food and psychological effects." | ( Doherr, MG; Favrot, C; Hobi, S; Leeb, T; Meury, S; Molitor, V; Roosje, P; Wilhelm, S, 2011) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases among children and adults." | ( Kim, K; Park, H, 2011) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by highly pruritic, eczematous skin lesions." | ( Inokuchi, Y; Kurachi, M; Takano, N, 2011) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic skin disorder whose management is complex." | ( Czarnecka-Operacz, M; Jenerowicz, D, 2012) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is the most common IL-17-associated allergic disease." | ( Fujita, S; Kasai, K; Shimizu, M; Utsunomiya, T; Yamaguchi, M; Yamamoto, H, 2013) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory cutaneous disorder characterized by dry skin and relapsing eczematous skin lesions." | ( Asano, Y; Kadono, T; Kamata, M; Sato, S; Sugaya, M; Tada, Y; Tedder, TF; Yanaba, K, 2013) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is characterized by eczematous skin lesions and immunoglobulin E (IgE) hypersecretion." | ( Choi, J; Kim, H; Kim, J; Kim, JR; Kim, YA; Lee, HJ; Lee, KW, 2013) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease with difficult-to-treat pruritus." | ( Andoh, T; Kuraishi, Y; Yoshida, T, 2014) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by an impaired epidermal barrier function combined with a chronic Th2-type inflammatory response and an intense pruritus." | ( Bald, T; Gaffal, E; Glodde, N; Jakobs, M; Tüting, T, 2014) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, pruritic inflammatory dermatosis that affects up to 25% of children and 2% to 3% of adults." | ( Begolka, WS; Berger, TG; Bergman, JN; Block, J; Chamlin, SL; Cohen, DE; Cooper, KD; Cordoro, KM; Davis, DM; Eichenfield, LF; Elmets, CA; Feldman, SR; Hanifin, JM; Harrod, CG; Krol, A; Margolis, DJ; Paller, AS; Schwarzenberger, K; Sidbury, R; Silverman, RA; Simpson, EL; Tom, WL; Williams, HC, 2014) |
| "Canine atopic dermatitis is a very common disease in small animal practice." | ( Hobi, S; Mueller, RS, 2014) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common skin disease characterized by eczematous eruptions and impaired skin barrier function." | ( Brandt, S; Lio, PA; Meckfessel, MH, 2014) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by a reduced skin barrier function, reduced filaggrin (FLG) expression as well as increased colonization by Staphylococcus aureus." | ( El Ghalbzouri, A; Haisma, EM; Nibbering, PH; Out-Luiting, JJ; van Drongelen, V, 2014) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, noncontiguous, and exudative disorder accompanied by perivascular infiltration of immune mediators, including T-helper (Type 1 helper/Type 2 helper) cells, mast cells, and immunoglobulin E." | ( Hussain, Z; Katas, H; Kumolosasi, E; Mohd Amin, MC; Sahudin, S, 2014) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is one of the most itchy skin dermatoses and affects millions worldwide." | ( Mollanazar, NK; Smith, PK; Yosipovitch, G, 2016) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common skin disease encountered in dogs." | ( Hagihara, A; Higuchi, Y; Kumagai, T; Nagata, M; Ohshima-Terada, Y, 2015) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease that frequently affects children." | ( Gaughan, J; Kopylov, D; Koutroulis, I; Kratimenos, P; Little, A; Pyle, T, 2016) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common allergic skin disease in dogs." | ( Adamek, Ł; Pomorski, Z; Szczepanik, M; Wilkołek, P; Zając, M, 2015) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin disorder with high prevalence, especially in the Nordic countries." | ( Hjalte, F; Lundqvist, A; Norrlid, H; Svensson, Å; Tennvall, GR, 2016) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is familial disease, often coexists with other atopic diseases with multiple risk factors associated with atopic eczema." | ( Banu, LA; Basher, MS; Kabir, S; Kamal, M; Nandi, AK; Rahman, MF, 2015) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease with high prevalence rates in adults and even higher among children." | ( Luger, TA; Tsianakas, A, 2015) |
| "Canine atopic dermatitis is a common skin disease seen in veterinary clinical practice." | ( Olivry, T; Saridomichelakis, MN, 2016) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by the dysregulation of the epidermal barrier and the immune system." | ( Jin, HZ; Nguyen, GH; Zeng, YP, 2016) |
| "Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are skin diseases affecting millions of patients." | ( Akama, T; Baia, D; Baltazar, G; Dee, J; Dong, C; Jarnagin, K; Jones-Iatauro, S; Mak, Y; Martin, S; Meewan, M; Rock, F; Sexton, H; Virtucio, C; Zemska, O; Zhou, Y, 2016) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common, chronic pruritic condition affecting both children and adults, which has a negative impact on the quality of life." | ( Chan, YC; Chandran, NS; Ho, MS; Koh, MJ; Lim, YL; Tang, MB; Tay, YK; Thirumoorthy, T, 2016) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a complex disease of heterogeneous pathogenesis, in particular, genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and their interactions." | ( Back, SK; Han, RT; Kim, HJ; Kim, HY; Lee, H; Lee, J; Na, HS, 2016) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is the leading cause of pediatric dermatology visits in developed nations." | ( Durán-McKinster, C; Silverberg, NB, 2017) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is chronically relapsing pruritic eczema and prevails around the world especially in developed countries." | ( Back, SK; Han, RT; Kim, HJ; Kim, HY; Lee, J; Na, HS, 2017) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that may require systemic therapy." | ( Akinlade, B; Chen, Z; Cork, MJ; de Bruin-Weller, M; Eckert, L; Gadkari, A; Graham, NMH; Hultsch, T; Pirozzi, G; Radin, A; Reich, K; Shumel, B; Smith, CH; Thaçi, D; Zhang, Q, 2018) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is responsive to midpotency topical corticosteroids, which are the mainstay of treatment, yet many patients have disease that is "resistant" to triamcinolone prescribed for outpatient use." | ( Feldman, SR; Lewis, DJ, 2018) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common skin disease characterized by a Th2 cell-dominant inflammatory infiltrate, elevated serum IgE levels and impaired epidermal barrier function." | ( Calpena, AC; Cócera, M; Fernández, E; Garcia-Herrera, A; López, O; Moner, V, 2018) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involving T-helper (Th) 2 cells, eosinophils, and mast cells." | ( Fujisato, S; Kamiyama, F; Kawada, A; Kitamatsu, M; Komori, Y; Matsuo, K; Nagakubo, D; Nakayama, T; Nishiwaki, K; Oiso, N; Quan, YS; Takeda, N; Yoshie, O, 2018) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, pruritic inflammatory disease that often disrupts sleep in severely affected children, but there are limited studies to guide clinical management of these sleep problems." | ( Levoska, M; Patel, D; Shwayder, T, 2018) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common skin disorders seen in infants, children and adults." | ( Kowalska, D; Kowalska, M; Mendrycka, M; Zbikowska, A, 2017) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disease." | ( Cho, KK; Choi, IS; Kim, IS; Kim, JA; Kim, SC; Kim, SH; Lee, SH; Lee, SS; Yu, DY; Yun, CH, 2018) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by complex multifactorial etiology." | ( Bigliardi, PL; Bigliardi-Qi, M; Sriram, G, 2019) |
| "Dogs with atopic dermatitis are prone to sensitization to environmental allergens due to increased skin permeability; the effect of treatments on epicutaneous sensitizations is unknown." | ( Ahrens, K; Marsella, R, 2018) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease." | ( Barzilai, A; Baum, S; Ben Amitai, D; Greenberger, S; Taieb, Y, 2019) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic eczematous, pruritic, inflammatory skin condition affecting children and adults." | ( Ports, WC; Purohit, VS; Riley, S; Wang, C, 2019) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common skin diseases." | ( Fu, X; Hong, C, 2019) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin disease caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors." | ( Fukayama, M; Ishii, T; Ishikawa, S; Nishida, H; Oka, T; Sato, S; Sato, Y; Suga, H; Sugaya, M, 2019) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a highly prevalent, chronic, relapsing disease in both adults and children." | ( Adamski, H; Barbarot, S; Barbaud, A; Brenaut, E; Chabbert, C; Darrieux, L; Droitcourt, C; Dupuy, A; Maillard, H; Maruani, A; Misery, L; Nosbaum, A; Oger, E; Phan, A; Plantin, P; Seneschal, J; Skowron, F; Soria, A; Staumont-Salle, D; Taïeb, A; Vermersch, A; Viguier, M; Weiborn, M, 2019) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common cutaneous disease with significant morbidity affecting children and adults." | ( Kuzel, P; Woo, TE, 2019) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease affecting 15-20% children and 2-10% adults worldwide." | ( Bordes, S; Chadoutaud, B; Closs, B; Le Guillou, M; Mainzer, C; Vyumvuhore, R, 2019) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is highly prevalent in black/African American, Asian, and Hispanic patients, making assessment of these populations in clinical trials important." | ( Alexis, AF; Callender, VD; Desai, SR; Lebwohl, MG; Paller, AS; Ports, WC; Stein Gold, LF; Tallman, AM; Tan, H; Zielinski, MA, 2019) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic disease with an alteration of the skin barrier and an abnormal immune response." | ( Darrigade, AS, 2019) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by eczematous lesions and has become a serious health problem worldwide." | ( Chen, X; Liang, Q; Lin, J; Wu, Z, 2020) |
| "Atopic Dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease associated with broad defects in skin barrier function caused by increased levels of type-2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) that repress keratinocyte (KC) differentiation." | ( Brauweiler, AM; Goleva, E; Leung, DYM, 2021) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic eczema commonly observed among children in Western countries." | ( Ellegaard-Jensen, L; Hansen, AK; Hansen, CHF; Krych, L; Laigaard, A; Nielsen, DS; Zachariassen, LF, 2020) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a severe, chronic relapsing inflammatory disease of the skin with family clustering." | ( Chen, C; Chen, J; Ding, Z; Dong, L; Huang, Z; Liu, J; Wu, X; Zang, Y; Zhang, J, 2021) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin inflammatory disease mediated by Th2-type immune responses." | ( Baek, JO; Jang, J; Jung, Y; Lee, EH; Park, S; Park, WJ; Roh, JY; Um, HN, 2021) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic relapsing, inflammatory skin disorder associated with skin barrier dysfunction, the prevalence of which has increased dramatically in developing countries." | ( Adaskevich, U; Anfilova, M; Dou, X; Luger, T; Murashkin, NN; Namazova-Baranova, L; Nitochko, O; Reda, A; Svyatenko, TV; Tamay, Z; Tawara, M; Vishneva, EA; Vozianova, S; Wang, H; Zhao, Z, 2021) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common skin disease characterized by altered cutaneous immunity in which patients often exhibit lower skin microbiota diversity compared to healthy skin and are prone to colonization by Staphylococcus aureus." | ( Flowers, RH; Gao, Y; Gasperino, S; Kellams, AL; Luu, LA; Preston, DC; Wisniewski, JA; Wu, M; Zeichner, SL; Zlotoff, BJ, 2021) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, of which incidence is closely related to exposure to environmental pollutants and allergens." | ( Cho, I; Cho, YY; Kang, HC; Kim, KB; Kwack, SJ; Lee, HS; Lee, JK; Lee, JY; Seok, JK; Yang, G, 2021) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common, chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disease, which often appears in childhood but can last into adulthood." | ( Carrascosa, JM; Melo, A; Torres, T, 2022) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is characterized by immune dysregulation, which may predispose toward worse COVID-19 outcomes." | ( Guraya, A; Kaundinya, T; Lane, B; Maner, B; Manjunath, J; Nelson, K; Rakita, U; Schwartzman, G; Silverberg, JI, 2022) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common dermatologic condition that affects millions of people worldwide, and a standardized approach to treatment was published by the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) in 2013-14." | ( Balogh, EA; Feldman, SR; Sahni, VN; Strowd, LC, 2022) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a highly prevalent long-term inflammatory skin condition." | ( Feldman, SR; Mohney, LA; Singh, R, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting up to 10% of adults." | ( Napolitano, M; Patruno, C; Potestio, L, 2022) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that can negatively impact work productivity and daily activities." | ( Augustin, M; Bloudek, L; Eichenfield, LF; Joish, VN; Lofland, JH; Migliaccio-Walle, K; Silverberg, JI; Sullivan, SD; Sun, K, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a prevalent condition in children and can be effectively managed with medications such as topical calcineurin inhibitors (pimecrolimus or tacrolimus)." | ( Ceccacci, R; Chu, A; Chu, DK; Devasenapathy, N; Levine, M; Lin, C; MacDonald, M; Pyne, L; Schneider, L; Srivastava, A; Steen, J; Wen, A; Wong, M, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is one of the most prevalent chronic skin diseases." | ( Deshpande, GA; Fukui, S; Kaname, S; Kishimoto, M; Komagata, Y; Ohyama, M, 2023) |
| "Therapies for atopic dermatitis are reviewed, with emphasis on drug profile, efficacy, and safety profile of upadacitinib for atopic dermatitis." | ( Deshpande, GA; Fukui, S; Kaname, S; Kishimoto, M; Komagata, Y; Ohyama, M, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is one of the most prevalent chronic skin diseases." | ( Deshpande, GA; Fukui, S; Kaname, S; Kishimoto, M; Komagata, Y; Ohyama, M, 2023) |
| "Therapies for atopic dermatitis are reviewed, with emphasis on drug profile, efficacy, and safety profile of upadacitinib for atopic dermatitis." | ( Deshpande, GA; Fukui, S; Kaname, S; Kishimoto, M; Komagata, Y; Ohyama, M, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is one of the most prevalent chronic skin diseases." | ( Deshpande, GA; Fukui, S; Kaname, S; Kishimoto, M; Komagata, Y; Ohyama, M, 2023) |
| "Therapies for atopic dermatitis are reviewed, with emphasis on drug profile, efficacy, and safety profile of upadacitinib for atopic dermatitis." | ( Deshpande, GA; Fukui, S; Kaname, S; Kishimoto, M; Komagata, Y; Ohyama, M, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a T-cell mediated inflammatory skin disease with detected elevated levels of histamine in skin or plasma." | ( Lorkowski, S; Riedl, R; Wallert, M; Wiegand, C, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a common dermatological disease, and mast cell degranulation is believed to be related with the progression of atopic dermatitis." | ( Chen, M; Yao, C; Ye, W, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a relapsing inflammatory skin condition, in which bacteria, fungi and viruses may colonize the skin and aggravate the condition." | ( Åkesson, A; Belfrage, E; Bengtsson, A; Jinnestål, CL; Jönsen, A; Schmidtchen, A; Sonesson, A, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a significant impact on the overall wellbeing of patients and their families." | ( Chen, Y; Cheng, H; Kobayashi, M; Liu, S; Ma, L; Qian, Q; Tao, X; Zhang, J; Zhang, L; Zhou, Y, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is one of the most widespread chronic inflammatory skin conditions that can occur at any age, though the prevalence is highest in children." | ( Annadurai, S; Kesharwani, P; Molugulu, N; Parveen, N; Sheikh, A; Wahab, S, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is often associated with increased pain." | ( Akiyama, T; Bystrom, L; Ishida, H; Markan, A; Pavlenko, D; Todurga Seven, Z; Verpile, R, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is the most common form of eczema, a condition that causes the skin to become itchy, dry and cracked." | ( Gooderham, M; Lé, AM; Torres, T, 2023) |
| "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, systemic, relapsing disease with dermatological manifestations, which imposes a high burden on patients, families and the health care system and has a high psychological, social, and economic impact and on the quality of life of patients." | ( Ballona, R; Bravo-Puccio, F; Butron, P; Castro-Vargas, EG; Galvan, C; Gereda-Solari, JE; Larco-Sousa, JI; Matos, E; Torres-Ibérico, R, 2023) |
| Excerpt | Reference |
|---|
| "This article is a review of oxatomide treatment in atopic dermatitis patients." | ( Taieb, A, 1990) |
| "Both creams were effective treatments for atopic dermatitis; however, alclometasone dipropionate was judged slightly more efficacious." | ( Lassus, A, 1983) |
| "As a remedial treatment of atopic dermatitis, the liniment solution was applied all over the boy's body." | ( Osawa, M; Saito, T; Takeichi, S; Yukawa, N, 1996) |
| "The authors give a survey of the treatment of atopic dermatitis with respect to its extent and severity." | ( Bakos, N; Szemere, P, 1997) |
| "For the treatment of atopic dermatitis, a variety of therapies are used including folk medicine." | ( Abe, H; Hoshioka, A; Ishiwada, N; Kanazawa, M; Kuroki, H; Kurosaki, T; Nezu, Y; Sugimoto, K; Takahashi, Y; Toba, T, 1997) |
| "To examine the efficacy of zileuton in treating atopic dermatitis by measuring both subjective and objective outcome parameters." | ( Simon, RA; Woodmansee, DP, 1999) |
| "Tacrolimus ointment, formulated for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, is the first in a class of topical immunomodulators." | ( Bekersky, I; Fitzsimmons, W; Hodosh, E; Lawrence, I; Maher, RM; Tanase, A, 2001) |
| "More recently, successful treatment of atopic dermatitis with an ointment containing tacrolimus has been reported." | ( Bieber, T; Kraft, S; Novak, N; Panhans-Gross, A, 2001) |
| "The patient had been treated for atopic dermatitis since her infancy." | ( Fujishiro, S; Hiraoka, M; Inamoto, T; Kokubo, M; Mitsumori, M; Nagata, Y; Ooya, N; Sasai, K; Tamai , K, 2001) |
| "At present, the first-line drugs for treating atopic dermatitis are topical corticosteroids." | ( Kyllönen, H; Reitamo, S; Remitz, A; Saarikko, J, 2002) |
| "Therapeutic options to treat atopic dermatitis are limited." | ( Gilbert, M; Griffiths, CE; Traulsen, J; Van Leent, EJ, 2002) |
| "Conventional treatment of atopic dermatitis includes the regular, frequent use of emollients, and intermittent application of topical corticosteroids to control acute 'flares'." | ( , 2002) |
| "Topical applications are indicated for treating atopic dermatitis." | ( Fumal, I; Piérard, GE; Piérard-Franchimont, C; Quatresooz, P, 2003) |
| "Elidel was specifically developed as a treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) and is approved for use in children as young as 2 years of age." | ( Beck, L; Eichenfield, LF, 2003) |
| "The optimal treatment of atopic dermatitis requires regular medical supervision." | ( Breuer, K; Heratizadeh, A; Kapp, A; Werfel, T, 2003) |
| "Topical corticosteroids are the usual treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) in children but can have side-effects." | ( Bos, JD; Bruijnzeel-Koomen, C; Cambazard, F; Dobozy, A; Harper, J; Moss, C; Palatsi, R; Reitamo, S; Smith, C; Valk, P, 2004) |
| "(1) Symptomatic treatment of atopic dermatitis is initially based on simple measures and moisturising creams." | ( , 2004) |
| "We investigated whether treatment of atopic dermatitis with pimecrolimus cream 1% in infants affects the development of a normal antibody response to vaccinations." | ( Barbier, N; Breuer, K; Davidson, MJ; de Prost, Y; Goertz, HP; Meurer, M; Ortonne, JP; Papp, KA; Paul, C; Potter, PC, 2005) |
| "Topical corticosteroids are the usual treatment of atopic dermatitis." | ( Bruijnzeel-Koomen, CA; de Bruin-Weller, MS, 2005) |
| "It is approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, and its safety and efficacy have been extensively studied in large-scale randomized controlled trials and open-label studies worldwide involving over 12,000 patients and up to 3 years of follow-up." | ( James, WD; Woo, DK, 2005) |
| "Effective treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) may in some cases prove quite difficult." | ( Horiuchi, Y, 2005) |
| "Patients with severe or untreated atopic dermatitis are more likely to be affected." | ( Kamann, S; Rerinck, HC; Wollenberg, A, 2006) |
| "Tacrolimus ointment is an effective treatment for atopic dermatitis." | ( Carroll, CL; Fleischer, AB, 2006) |
| "Adherence to topical treatment of atopic dermatitis has not been well characterized." | ( Balkrishnan, R; Camacho, F; Carr, D; Carroll, C; Feldman, SR; Fleischer, AB; Kaur, M; Krejci-Manwaring, J; Tusa, MG, 2007) |
| "The use of leukotriene inhibitors in treating atopic dermatitis, aspirin-intolerant asthma, and chronic idiopathic urticaria appears promising but has not been studied thoroughly." | ( Dickerson, KS; Luttermoser, GK; Scow, DT, 2007) |
| "Reports of successful treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) have thus far been limited to adults." | ( Heller, M; Orlow, SJ; Schaffer, JV; Shin, HT, 2007) |
| "Tacrolimus ointment is a nonsteroid treatment for atopic dermatitis which is both effective and has a minimal side-effect profile." | ( Koo, JY; McNeill, AM, 2007) |
| "Effective treatment of atopic dermatitis can help alleviate the burden this disease imposes, and TCIs remain important treatment options." | ( Montejo, JM; Munzenberger, PJ, 2007) |
| "There is a need for alternative treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD) of the face and neck as long-term use of topical corticosteroids (TCS) is associated with skin atrophy and telangiectasia and some patients develop allergy, intolerance or other side-effects." | ( Barbier, N; Calvieri, S; Ho, VC; Murrell, DF; Ortonne, JP; Paul, CF; Weise-Riccardi, S, 2007) |
| "Long-term treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) using low dose, intermittent, topical anti-inflammatory agents may control acute disease and prevent relapses." | ( Atzori, F; Bieber, T; Deleuran, M; Giannetti, A; Healy, E; Lahfa, M; Reitamo, S; Ruzicka, T; Vyas, J; Wollenberg, A, 2008) |
| "Topical corticosteroids are first-line treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD) and their efficacy is well-established in randomized controlled clinical trials." | ( Camacho, F; Conde, JF; Feldman, SR; Fleischer, AB; Kaur, M; Tusa, MG, 2008) |
| "Long-term treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) using low dose, intermittent, topical anti-inflammatory agents may control acute disease and prevent relapses." | ( Bieber, T; Deleuran, M; Giannetti, A; Girolomoni, G; Healy, E; Lahfa, M; Reitamo, S; Ruzicka, T; Vyas, J; Wollenberg, A, 2008) |
| "Long-term treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) using low-dose, intermittent, topical anti-inflammatory agents may control acute disease and prevent exacerbations." | ( Boccaletti, V; Buckova, H; Cainelli, T; Gonzalez Ensenat, MA; Moss, C; Reitamo, S; Ruzicka, T; Schuttelaar, ML; Sebastian, M; Thaçi, D; van der Valk, P, 2008) |
| "Standard treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) is based on topical glucocorticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors to treat flares combined with moisturizer treatment to alleviate dry skin symptoms." | ( Berne, B; Edlund, F; Holm, L; Johannesson, A; Lodén, M; Nohlgård, C; Nyberg, F; Svensson, M; Wallberg, P; Wirén, K, 2009) |
| "The effect of Advantan in the treatment of atopic dermatitis was studied." | ( Beridze, LR; Zosidze, NR, 2009) |
| "The use of topical antiseptics in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) has previously been explored." | ( Chiam, LY; Goon, AT; Suresh, S; Tan, WP; Tey, HL, 2010) |
| "Advances in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, infantile hemangiomas and dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa will be discussed." | ( Krol, A; Lofgren, S, 2011) |
| "Ciclosporin is used to treat severe atopic dermatitis (AD) where conventional therapy is either ineffective or inappropriate." | ( Arkwright, PD; Beaumont, DR, 2012) |
| "The efficacy of silk peptide in treatment of atopic dermatitis was examined in a picryl chloride-induced atopic dermatitis model in NC/Nga mice." | ( Hur, W; Ikegawa, Y; Komori, M; Lim, G; Sato, S; Taira, T; Takenaka, S; Tanaka, K, 2012) |
| "Retapamulin 1% is effective for the treatment of atopic dermatitis infected with S aureus, and demonstrates efficacy against both methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant strains." | ( Kircik, LH, 2012) |
| "DNCB-treated mice showed atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions." | ( Bak, JP; Kim, CJ; Kim, EH; Kim, YM; Son, J, 2012) |
| "In addition to the treatment of atopic dermatitis, it has been used as an aid in the management of numerous other dermatological conditions in animals including perianal fistulation, sebaceous adenitis, pododermatitis, chronic otitis externa and pemphigus foliaceus." | ( Forsythe, P; Paterson, S, 2014) |
| "In this third of 4 sections, treatment of atopic dermatitis with phototherapy and systemic immunomodulators, antimicrobials, and antihistamines is reviewed, including indications for use and the risk-benefit profile of each treatment option." | ( Begolka, WS; Berger, TG; Bergman, JN; Block, J; Chamlin, SL; Cohen, DE; Cooper, KD; Cordoro, KM; Davis, DM; Eichenfield, LF; Elmets, CA; Feldman, SR; Hanifin, JM; Harrod, CG; Krol, A; Margolis, DJ; Paller, AS; Schwarzenberger, K; Sidbury, R; Silverman, RA; Simpson, EL; Tom, WL; Williams, HC, 2014) |
| "Studies on the topical treatment of atopic dermatitis largely supported the recommended use of topical corticosteroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors." | ( Aslam, I; Feldman, SR; Sandoval, LF, 2014) |
| "Ciclosporin is approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in dogs and has been shown to be safe and effective." | ( Cosgrove, SB; Davis, KR; King, VL; Little, PR; Stegemann, MR, 2015) |
| "A novel approach for treating atopic dermatitis (AD) is the inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), an enzyme involved in the proinflammatory cascade." | ( Gebauer, K; Murrell, DF; Spelman, L; Zane, LT, 2015) |
| "Additional topical treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD) are needed that provide relief while minimizing risks." | ( Blumenthal, RL; Boguniewicz, M; Call, RS; Eichenfield, LF; Forsha, DW; Hebert, AA; Hughes, MH; Lebwohl, MG; Paller, AS; Rees, WC; Simpson, EL; Spellman, MC; Stein Gold, LF; Tom, WL; Zaenglein, AL; Zane, LT, 2016) |
| "The newer and emerging treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD) focus on blockade of inflammatory cytokines, especially those that derive from T helper cell type 2 (TH2) and are associated with a pathway of immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitization." | ( Eichenfield, LF; Friedlander, SF; Irvine, AD; Simpson, EL, 2016) |
| "Emollients are part of the standard treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD), although there is limited evidence that regular use of emollients as management therapy reduces the frequency of flares and corticosteroid consumption." | ( Boralevi, F; Delarue, A; Garrigue, E; Kaszuba, A; Konno, P; Malinauskienė, L; Saint-Aroman, M; Tiplica, GS, 2017) |
| "The guidelines for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) issued by the Japanese Dermatological Association (JDA), which are basically designed for dermatologists, were first prepared in 2000 and revised in 2016." | ( Saeki, H, 2017) |
| "The European guidelines for treatment of atopic dermatitis in children and adults recommend basic hygiene rules including daily use of emollient." | ( Darrigade, AS, 2019) |
| "Steroidal agent is a standard clinical treatment of atopic dermatitis; however, have serious side effects." | ( Bai, XY; Chai, YW; Li, YY; Liu, P; Ren, SH; Wang, Y; Zhou, H, 2020) |
| "annua in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) remains unclear." | ( Chen, Z; Chou, G; Han, X; Shi, H; Wang, G; Wu, H; Wu, X; Yang, L; Yuan, J, 2022) |
| "Topical corticosteroids (TCS), used to treat atopic dermatitis (AD), have been associated with type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis in epidemiological studies, possibly explained by systemic absorption." | ( Forman, J; Gether, L; Hartmann, B; Holst, JJ; Jakasa, I; Kezic, S; Knop, FK; Pedersen, AJ; Røpke, MA; Skov, L; Skov-Jeppesen, K; Storgaard, H; Sørensen, OE; Thyssen, JP; van Hall, G, 2023) |
| "Safe and effective long-term topical treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD) remain limited." | ( Bissonnette, R; Carroll, B; Cha, A; Cheng, J; Del Duca, E; Estrada, Y; Facheris, P; Guttman-Yassky, E; Kim, M; Nocka, K; Pavel, AB; Werth, J; Zang, C, 2023) |
| "However, the potential of PO for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) has not been sufficiently explored." | ( Du, B; Hu, Q; Huang, H; Li, P; Li, W; Xu, X; Zhang, Y; Zhao, W, 2023) |
| "Topical treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD) used reactively often fail to achieve lasting disease control; many of these therapies are associated with safety concerns that limit long-term use." | ( Alam, MS; Eichenfield, LF; Gower, RG; Lan, J; Myers, DE; Sanders, P; Su, JC; Vlahos, B; Werth, J; Xu, J; Zang, C, 2023) |
| "However, its potential efficacy in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) has not been extensively studied or reported." | ( Jung, HS; Kim, EJ; Kim, EY; Kim, M; Kim, SB; Lim, SE; Ryu, GH; Shin, H; Sohn, Y, 2024) |
| "Conventional treatments of atopic dermatitis have been inadequate, especially in patients with moderate-to-severe disease." | ( Jean, T; Ong, PY; Yim, HJ, 2023) |